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MOPAB009 Review of the Fixed Target Operation at RHIC in 2020 target, experiment, operation, kicker 69
 
  • C. Liu, P. Adams, E.N. Beebe, S. Binello, I. Blackler, M. Blaskiewicz, K.A. Brown, D. Bruno, B.D. Coe, K.A. Drees, A.V. Fedotov, W. Fischer, C.J. Gardner, C.E. Giorgio, X. Gu, T. Hayes, K. Hock, H. Huang, R.L. Hulsart, T. Kanesue, D. Kayran, N.A. Kling, B. Lepore, Y. Luo, D. Maffei, G.J. Marr, A. Marusic, K. Mernick, R.J. Michnoff, M.G. Minty, J. Morris, C. Naylor, S. Nemesure, M. Okamura, I. Pinayev, S. Polizzo, D. Raparia, G. Robert-Demolaize, T. Roser, J. Sandberg, V. Schoefer, S. Seletskiy, F. Severino, T.C. Shrey, P. Thieberger, M. Valette, A. Zaltsman, I. Zane, K. Zeno, W. Zhang
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
As part of the Beam En­ergy Scan (BES) physics pro­gram, RHIC op­er­ated in Fixed Tar­get mode at var­i­ous beam en­er­gies in 2020. The fixed tar­get ex­per­i­ment, achieved by scrap­ing the beam halo of the cir­cu­lat­ing beam on a gold ring in­serted in the beam pipe up­stream of the ex­per­i­men­tal de­tec­tors, ex­tends the range of the cen­ter-of-mass en­ergy for BES. The ma­chine con­fig­u­ra­tion, con­trol of rates, and re­sults of the fixed tar­get ex­per­i­ment op­er­a­tion in 2020 will be pre­sented in this re­port. 		 
poster icon Poster MOPAB009 [2.913 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB009  
About • paper received ※ 16 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 17 August 2021       issue date ※ 23 August 2021  
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MOPAB029 Burn-Off with Asymmetric Interaction Points luminosity, emittance, experiment, simulation 138
 
  • R. Tomás García, I. Efthymiopoulos, G. Iadarola
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  LHC can host above 2700 pro­ton bunches per ring pro­vid­ing col­li­sions in the ATLAS, CMS, LHCb and ALICE in­ter­ac­tion points. ATLAS and CMS are placed sym­met­ri­cally so that they fea­ture the same col­lid­ing bunch pairs. How­ever this is not the case for LHCb, hence in­tro­duc­ing un­wanted bunch-by-bunch vari­a­tions of the bunch in­ten­sity as the physics fill evolves. We pre­sent first an­a­lyt­i­cal de­riva­tions, nu­mer­i­cal sim­u­la­tions and ex­per­i­men­tal data in dif­fer­ent bunch train col­li­sion con­fig­u­ra­tions.  
poster icon Poster MOPAB029 [1.502 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB029  
About • paper received ※ 13 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 25 May 2021       issue date ※ 27 August 2021  
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MOPAB030 Research and Development Progress of CEPC RF Shield Bellows vacuum, positron, impedance, electron 142
 
  • J.M. Liu, Y.H. Guan, S.M. Liu, B. Tan, P.C. Wang
    DNSC, Dongguan, People’s Republic of China
  • H. Dong, Y. Ma
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  • H.Y. He, T. Huang
    IHEP CSNS, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
  
  The cir­cu­lar elec­tron positron col­lider (CEPC) is a can­di­date for the next-gen­er­a­tion elec­tron positron col­lider, which can be used to ac­cu­rately mea­sure the Higgs and elec­troweak bosons. The RF shield bel­low is a vac­uum com­po­nent nec­es­sary for the con­struc­tion of CEPC. There­fore, a RF shield bel­low model ma­chine with an el­lip­ti­cal cross-sec­tion was de­signed and processed for tech­ni­cal ver­i­fi­ca­tion. Based on the tra­di­tional in­ter­dig­i­tal struc­ture, a spe­cial con­tact force test­ing de­vice was also de­signed to re­duce mea­sure­ment er­rors. The on-off sta­tus of the cir­cuit was used by the de­vice to de­ter­mine whether the spring fin­ger was pulled up, thus re­duc­ing the in­flu­ences of human fac­tors in the mea­sure­ment process. It can be known from the mea­sure­ment re­sults of the model ma­chine that the con­tact force of the spring fin­ger is be­tween 120g and 130g, which can sat­isfy the tech­ni­cal re­quire­ments.  
poster icon Poster MOPAB030 [1.467 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB030  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 20 May 2021       issue date ※ 13 August 2021  
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MOPAB047 A CAD Tool for Linear Optics Design: A Use Case Approach software, MMI, optics, GUI 205
 
  • J. Bengtsson
    HZB, Berlin, Germany
  • T.J.R. Nicholls, W.A.H. Rogers
    DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
  
  The for­mula rel­e­vant for lin­ear op­tics de­sign of syn­chro­trons are de­rived sys­tem­at­i­cally from first prin­ci­ples, i.e., an ex­er­cise in Hamil­ton­ian dy­nam­ics. Equipped with these, the rel­e­vant use cases are then cap­tured; for a stream­lined ap­proach. To en­able pro­fes­sion­als, i.e., soft­ware en­gi­neers, to ef­fi­ciently pro­to­type & ar­chi­tect a CAD tool avail­able to me­chan­i­cal en­gi­neers since the mid-1960s. In other words, ro­bust de­sign of a mod­ern syn­chro­tron is an ex­er­cise in/pur­suit of the art of En­gi­neer­ing-Sci­ence.  
poster icon Poster MOPAB047 [1.059 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB047  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 28 May 2021       issue date ※ 15 August 2021  
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MOPAB048 Robust Design and Control of the Nonlinear Dynamics for BESSY-III lattice, optics, sextupole, synchrotron 209
 
  • J. Bengtsson, M. Abo-Bakr, P. Goslawski, A. Jankowiak, B.C. Kuske
    HZB, Berlin, Germany
  
  The de­sign phi­los­o­phy for a ro­bust pro­to­type lat­tice de­sign for BESSY III, i.e., that is in­sen­si­tive to small pa­ra­me­ter changes, e.g. en­gi­neer­ing tol­er­ances - based on a higher-or­der-achro­mat, a la: SLS, NSLS-II, MAX IV, and SLS 2 - is out­lined & pre­sented. As usual, a well op­ti­mized de­sign re­quires a clear un­der­stand­ing of the end-user re­quire­ments and close col­lab­o­ra­tion be­tween the lin­ear op­tics de­signer and non­lin­ear dy­nam­ics spe­cial­ist for a sys­tems ap­proach.  
poster icon Poster MOPAB048 [1.202 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB048  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 24 May 2021       issue date ※ 27 August 2021  
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MOPAB124 APS Booster Injection Horizontal Trajectory Control Upgrade injection, booster, timing, operation 449
 
  • C. Yao, J.R. Calvey, G.I. Fystro, A.F. Pietryla, H. Shang
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
  
  Funding: * Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, under Contract No. DE-ACO2-O6CH11357.
The APS booster is a 7-GeV elec­tron syn­chro­tron with a 0.5-sec­ond cycle. The booster runs a set of in­jec­tion con­trol pro­grams that cor­rect the beam tra­jec­tory in the hor­i­zon­tal and lon­gi­tu­di­nal planes, and the be­ta­tron tunes. Re­cently we de­vel­oped a sin­gle-turn BPM con­trollaw pro­gram for hor­i­zon­tal tra­jec­tory con­trol to re­place the pre­vi­ous FFT based hor­i­zon­tal con­trollaw pro­gram. We pre­sent the sys­tem con­fig­u­ra­tion and re­sults. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB124  
About • paper received ※ 15 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 27 May 2021       issue date ※ 21 August 2021  
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MOPAB146 Status of the C-Band Engineering Research Facility (CERF-NM) Test Stand Development at LANL cavity, GUI, klystron, radiation 509
 
  • D. Gorelov
    Private Address, Los Alamos, USA
  • R.L. Fleming, S.K. Lawrence, J.W. Lewellen, D. Perez, M.E. Schneider, E.I. Simakov, T. Tajima
    LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
  • M.E. Middendorf
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
  
  Funding: LDRD-DR Project 20200057DR
C-Band struc­tures re­search is of in­creas­ing in­ter­est to the ac­cel­er­a­tor com­mu­nity. The RF fre­quency range of 4-6 GHz gives the op­por­tu­nity to achieve sig­nif­i­cant in­crease in the ac­cel­er­at­ing gra­di­ent, and hav­ing the wake­fields at the man­age­able lev­els, while keep­ing the geo­met­ric di­men­sions of the struc­ture tech­no­log­i­cally con­ve­nient. Strong team of sci­en­tists, in­clud­ing the­o­rists re­search­ing prop­er­ties of met­als under stress­ful ther­mal con­di­tions and high elec­tro­mag­netic fields, met­al­lur­gists work­ing with cop­per as well as al­loys of in­ter­est, and ac­cel­er­a­tor sci­en­tists de­vel­op­ing new struc­ture de­signs, is formed at LANL to de­velop a CERF-NM fa­cil­ity. A 50 MW, 5.712 GHz Canon kly­stron, was pur­chased in 2019, and laid the basis for this fa­cil­ity. As of Jan-21, the con­struc­tion of the Test Stand has been fin­ished and the high gra­di­ent pro­cess­ing of the wave­guide com­po­nents has been started. Fu­ture plans in­clude high gra­di­ent test­ing of var­i­ous ac­cel­er­at­ing struc­tures, in­clud­ing bench­mark C-band ac­cel­er­at­ing cav­ity, a pro­ton ß=0.5 cav­ity, and cav­i­ties made from dif­fer­ent al­loys. An up­grade to the fa­cil­ity is planned to allow for test­ing ac­cel­er­a­tor cav­i­ties at cryo­genic tem­per­a­tures. 		 
poster icon Poster MOPAB146 [3.778 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB146  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 26 May 2021       issue date ※ 19 August 2021  
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MOPAB192 LILac Energy Upgrade to 13 MeV cavity, linac, proton, LLRF 651
 
  • B. Koubek, S. Altürk, M. Busch, H. Höltermann, J.D. Kaiser, H. Podlech, U. Ratzinger, M. Schuett, M. Schwarz, W. Schweizer, D. Strehl, R. Tiede, C. Trageser
    BEVATECH, Frankfurt, Germany
  • A. Brunzel, P. Nonn, H. Schlarb
    DESY, Hamburg, Germany
  • A.V. Butenko, D.E. Donets, B.V. Golovenskiy, A. Govorov, K.A. Levterov, D.A. Lyuosev, A.A. Martynov, V.A. Monchinsky, D.O. Ponkin, K.V. Shevchenko, I.V. Shirikov, E. Syresin
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  
  In the frame of the NICA (Nu­clotron-based Ion Col­lider fA­cil­ity) ion col­lider up­grade a new light ion LINAC for pro­tons and ions will be built in col­lab­o­ra­tion be­tween JINR and BE­VAT­ECH GmbH. While ions with a mass-to-charge ratio up to 3 will be fed into the NU­CLOTRON ring with an en­ergy of 7 MeV/u, pro­tons are sup­posed to be ac­cel­er­ated up to an en­ergy of 13 MeV using a third IH struc­ture. This en­ergy up­grade com­prises a third IH struc­ture, a dual-use De­buncher cav­ity as well as an ex­ten­sion of the LLRF con­trol sys­tem built on Mi­croTCA tech­nol­ogy.  
poster icon Poster MOPAB192 [4.914 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB192  
About • paper received ※ 11 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 31 May 2021       issue date ※ 20 August 2021  
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MOPAB198 Study on Magnet Sorting of the CSNS/RCS Dipoles dipole, closed-orbit, MMI, neutron 665
 
  • Y. Li, Y.W. An
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  • Z.P. Li, S.Y. Xu
    DNSC, Dongguan, People’s Republic of China
  
  The 1.6GeV rapid cy­cling syn­chro­tron (RCS) of the China Spal­la­tion Neu­tron Source (CSNS) is a high-power pulsed pro­ton ma­chine aim­ing for 500kW out­put beam power. Now, the rou­tine out­put beam power has been in­creased to 100kW. How­ever, the hor­i­zon­tal bare orbit in the ring is large (15mm) and the num­ber of cor­rec­tors is small, which brings great chal­lenges to the ramp-up of beam power. It is found that the bare orbit in AC mode is 3-4mm larger than that in DC mode. The rea­son is that the AC dipoles field error is larger than DC dipoles field error. There­fore, it is pro­posed to sort dipoles again ac­cord­ing to the AC dipoles field error. In order to re­duce the risk of beam com­mis­sion­ing, fewer mag­nets should to be moved to achieve smaller orbit. The best re­sults of mov­ing two to six mag­nets were cal­cu­lated. After sort­ing, the orbit can be re­duced by 3-4mm, which re­duces the dif­fi­culty of orbit cor­rec­tion.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB198  
About • paper received ※ 16 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 21 May 2021       issue date ※ 14 August 2021  
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MOPAB256 Development of Pulsed Beam System for the Three Dimensional Spiral Injection Scheme in the J-PARC muon g-2/EDM Experiment injection, experiment, kicker, power-supply 809
 
  • R. Matsushita
    The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo, Japan
  • M. Abe, K. Hurukawa, T. Mibe, H. Nakayama, S. Ohsawa, M.A. Rehman, N. Saito, K. Sasaki
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  • H. Hirayama, H. Iinuma, K. Oda, Y. Sato, M. Sugita
    Ibaraki University, Ibaraki, Japan
  • N. Saito
    J-PARC, KEK & JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan
  • T. Takayanagi
    JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan
  
  The J-PARC muon g-2/EDM ex­per­i­ment aims to mea­sure the anom­alous mag­netic mo­ment(g-2) and elec­tric di­pole mo­ment(EDM) of the muon with higher pre­ci­sion than the pre­vi­ous BNL E821 ex­per­i­ment. A brand-new three-di­men­sional spi­ral in­jec­tion scheme is em­ployed to in­ject and store muon beam into a 66 cm di­am­e­ter of stor­age mag­net. Fea­si­bil­ity stud­ies are on­go­ing by use of 80 keV elec­tron beam at KEK test bench, to de­velop skills on con­trol trans­verse beam mo­tion; so-called X-Y cou­pling, with DC beam. As a next step, to­wards store the beam by use of a kicker sys­tem, a pulsed beam should be gen­er­ated from the DC beam with an in­tended time struc­ture to meet a pulse kicker’s du­ra­tion time, with­out chang­ing trans­verse phase space char­ac­ter­is­tics. In this pre­sen­ta­tion, the de­vel­op­ment of a beam chop­per de­vice and the eval­u­a­tion of pulse beam pro­file are dis­cussed.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB256  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 15 June 2021       issue date ※ 16 August 2021  
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MOPAB278 Prototype of the Bunch Arrival Time Monitor for SHINE pick-up, laser, FEL, electron 881
 
  • X.Q. Liu, L.W. Lai
    SARI-CAS, Pudong, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
  • Y.B. Leng, R.X. Yuan, N. Zhang, Y.M. Zhou
    SSRF, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
  
  Funding: Youth Innovation Promotion Association, CAS (Grant No. 2019290)
Bunch ar­rival time mon­i­tor (BAM) is an im­por­tant tool to in­ves­ti­gate the tem­po­ral char­ac­ter­is­tic of elec­tron bunch in free elec­tron lasers (FEL). Since the tim­ing jit­ter of elec­tron bunch will af­fect the FEL’s sta­bil­ity and the res­o­lu­tion of time-re­solved ex­per­i­ment at FELs, it is nec-es­sary to pre­cisely mea­sure the elec­tron bunch’s ar­rival time in­for­ma­tion to sta­bi­lize the elec­tron bunch’s tim­ing jit­ter using beam-based feed­back. The BAM based on elec­tro-op­tic mod­u­la­tor (EOM) is cur­rently being de­vel-op­ing for Shang­hai high-rep­e­ti­tion-rate XFEL and Ex-treme light fa­cil­ity (SHINE). And the first BAM pro­to­type has been in­stalled on SXFEL for beam test. The beam test re­sult shows that the es­ti­mated res­o­lu­tion of the pro-to­type is about 27.5 fs rms. 		 
poster icon Poster MOPAB278 [1.166 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB278  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 23 June 2021       issue date ※ 30 August 2021  
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MOPAB284 Status of the Dedicated Electron Diagnostic Beamline at AXSIS electron, diagnostics, MMI, dipole 902
 
  • H. Dinter, R.W. Aßmann, F. Burkart, M.J. Kellermeier
    DESY, Hamburg, Germany
  • C. Lechner
    EuXFEL, Schenefeld, Germany
  
  Funding: The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013) / ERC Grant Agreement n. 609920.
AXSIS (At­tosec­ond X-ray Sci­ence: Imag­ing and Spec­troscopy) is a com­pact, ac­cel­er­a­tor-dri­ven X-ray source cur­rently under con­struc­tion at DESY Ham­burg. It com­prises a THz-pow­ered elec­tron gun and THz-dri­ven linac for all-op­ti­cal elec­tron ex­trac­tion and ac­cel­er­a­tion to sev­eral MeV with the goal of pro­vid­ing X-rays gen­er­ated by in­verse Comp­ton scat­ter­ing for pho­ton sci­ence ex­per­i­ments. For the com­mis­sion­ing and char­ac­ter­i­sa­tion of the THz gun and linac the fa­cil­ity in­cludes a ded­i­cated ac­cel­er­a­tor test­ing area, for which an elec­tron di­ag­nos­tic beam­line has been de­signed and is cur­rently under con­struc­tion. The chal­lenges im­posed by the AXSIS pro­ject on the de­vel­op­ment of the di­ag­nos­tics beam­line are the wide ranges of bunch charge (15 fC to 3 pC) and en­ergy (5 MeV to 20 MeV) ex­pected from the THz-dri­ven ac­cel­er­a­tor as well as the lim­ited avail­able space of only ca. 2.5 me­tres length. In this con­tri­bu­tion we pre­sent an overview of the de­sign and the cur­rent com­mis­sion­ing sta­tus of the elec­tron di­ag­nos­tic beam­line as well as plans for fu­ture steps. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB284  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 18 June 2021       issue date ※ 25 August 2021  
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MOPAB289 Machine Learning Training for HOM reduction and Emittance Preservation in a TESLA-type Cryomodule at FAST HOM, cavity, emittance, electron 916
 
  • J.A. Diaz Cruz
    UNM-ECE, Albuquerque, USA
  • J.A. Diaz Cruz, A.L. Edelen, B.T. Jacobson, J.P. Sikora
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  • D.R. Edstrom, A.H. Lumpkin, R.M. Thurman-Keup
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  
  Low emit­tance elec­tron beams are of high im­por­tance at fa­cil­i­ties like the LCLS-II at SLAC. Emit­tance di­lu­tion ef­fects due to off-axis beam trans­port for a TESLA-type cry­omod­ule (CM) have been shown at the Fer­mi­lab Ac­cel­er­a­tor Sci­ence and Tech­nol­ogy fa­cil­ity. The re­sults showed the cor­re­la­tion be­tween the elec­tron beam-in­duced cav­ity high-or­der modes (HOMs) and sub­macropulse cen­troid slew­ing and os­cil­la­tion down­stream of the CM. Mit­i­ga­tion of emit­tance di­lu­tion can be achieved by re­duc­ing the HOM sig­nals and the vari­ances in the sub­macropulse beam po­si­tions down­stream of the CM. Here we pre­sent a Ma­chine Learn­ing based op­ti­miza­tion and model con­struc­tion for HOM sig­nal level re­duc­tion using Neural Net­works and Gauss­ian Processes. To gather train­ing data we per­formed ex­per­i­ments using sin­gle bunch and 50 bunch elec­tron beams with charges up to 125 pC/b. We mea­sured HOM sig­nals of all cav­i­ties and beam po­si­tion with a set of BPMs down­stream of the CM. The beam tra­jec­tory was changed using V/H125 cor­rec­tor set lo­cated up­stream of the CM. The re­sults pre­sented here will in­form the LCLS-II in­jec­tor com­mis­sion­ing and will serve as a pro­to­type for HOM re­duc­tion and emit­tance preser­va­tion.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB289  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 09 June 2021       issue date ※ 14 August 2021  
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MOPAB290 Machine Learning-Based LLRF and Resonance Control of Superconducting Cavities cavity, LLRF, simulation, SRF 920
 
  • J.A. Diaz Cruz, S. Biedron, M. Martínez-Ramón
    UNM-ECE, Albuquerque, USA
  • J.A. Diaz Cruz
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  • R. Pirayesh
    UNM-ME, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
  • S. Sosa
    ODU, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
  
  Funding: This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, under award number DE-SC0019468.
Su­per­con­duct­ing radio fre­quency (SRF) cav­i­ties with high loaded qual­ity fac­tors that op­er­ate in con­tin­u­ous wave (CW) and low beam load­ing are sen­si­tive to mi­cro­phon­ics-in­duced de­tun­ing. Cav­ity de­tun­ing can re­sult in an in­crease of op­er­a­tional power and/or in a cav­ity quench. Such SRF cav­i­ties have band­widths on the order of 10 Hz and de­tun­ing re­quire­ments can be as tight as 10 Hz. Pas­sive meth­ods to mit­i­gate vi­bra­tion sources and their im­pact in the cry­omod­ule/cav­ity en­vi­ron­ment are widely used. Ac­tive res­o­nance con­trol tech­niques that use step­per mo­tors and piezo­elec­tric ac­tu­a­tors to tune the cav­ity res­o­nance fre­quency by com­pen­sat­ing for mi­cro­phon­ics de­tun­ing have been in­ves­ti­gated. These con­trol tech­niques could be fur­ther im­proved by ap­ply­ing Ma­chine Learn­ing (ML), which has shown promis­ing re­sults in other par­ti­cle ac­cel­er­a­tor con­trol sys­tems. In this paper, we de­scribe a Low-level RF (LLRF) and res­o­nance con­trol sys­tem based on ML meth­ods that op­ti­mally and adap­tively tunes the con­trol pa­ra­me­ters. We pre­sent sim­u­la­tions and test re­sults ob­tained using a low power test bench with a cav­ity em­u­la­tor. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB290  
About • paper received ※ 03 June 2021       paper accepted ※ 11 June 2021       issue date ※ 29 August 2021  
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MOPAB300 Description of the Beam Diagnostics Systems for the SOCIT, SODIT and SODIB Applied Research Stations Based on the NICA Accelerator Complex detector, diagnostics, experiment, radiation 946
 
  • A. Slivin, A. Agapov, A.A. Baldin, A.V. Butenko, G.A. Filatov, K.N. Shipulin, E. Syresin, G.N. Timoshenko, A. Tuzikov
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  • D.V. Bobrovskiy, A.I. Chumakov, S. Soloviev
    MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
  • I.L. Glebov, V.A. Luzanov
    GIRO-PROM, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  • A.S. Kubankin
    BelSU, Belgorod, Russia
  • T. Kulevoy, Y.E. Titarenko
    ITEP, Moscow, Russia
  
  Within the frame­work of the NICA pro­ject an In­no­va­tion Block is being con­structed. It in­cludes an ap­plied re­search sta­tion for mi­crochips with a pack­age for Sin­gle Event Ef­fects (SEE) test­ing (en­ergy range of 150-500 MeV/n, the SODIT sta­tion), an ap­plied re­search sta­tion for test­ing of de­cap­su­lated mi­crochips (ion en­ergy up to 3,2 MeV/n, the SOCIT sta­tion), and an ap­plied re­search sta­tion for space ra­dio­bi­o­log­i­cal re­search and mod­el­ling of in­flu­ence of heavy charged par­ti­cles on cog­ni­tive func­tions of the brain of small lab­o­ra­tory an­i­mals and pri­mates (en­ergy range 500-1000 MeV/n, the SODIB sta­tion). The sys­tems for di­ag­nos­tics and con­trol of the beam char­ac­ter­is­tics dur­ing the cer­ti­fi­ca­tion and ad­just­ment as well as the sys­tems for on­line di­ag­nos­tics and con­trol of the beam char­ac­ter­is­tics of the SOCIT, SODIT and SODIB ap­plied re­search sta­tions are de­scribed.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB300  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 27 May 2021       issue date ※ 23 August 2021  
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MOPAB319 Development of a Fast Betatron Tune and Chromaticity Measurement System for COSY betatron, acceleration, GUI, resonance 983
 
  • P.J. Niedermayer, C. Böhme, B. Breitkreutz, V. Kamerdzhiev, A. Lehrach
    FZJ, Jülich, Germany
  • A. Lehrach
    RWTH, Aachen, Germany
  
  A fast tune mea­sure­ment is de­vel­oped for the Cooler Syn­chro­tron COSY at the In­sti­tut für Kern­physik of Forschungszen­trum Jülich. Be­ta­tron os­cil­la­tions of the beam are ex­cited with a band-lim­ited RF sig­nal via a stripline kicker. Res­o­nant trans­verse os­cil­la­tions are then ob­served using ca­pac­i­tive beam po­si­tion mon­i­tors. Based on the bunch-by-bunch beam po­si­tion data the be­ta­tron tune is de­ter­mined. The usage of bunch-by-bunch data is char­ac­ter­is­tic of the new sys­tem. It al­lows for a dis­crete tune mea­sure­ment within a few mil­lisec­onds, as well as con­tin­u­ous tune mon­i­tor­ing dur­ing beam ac­cel­er­a­tion. The high pre­ci­sion tune mea­sure­ment also en­ables de­ter­mi­na­tion of the beam chro­matic­ity. There­fore, the beam mo­men­tum is var­ied by means of the RF fre­quency and the sub­se­quent tune change is de­ter­mined. For rou­tine use dur­ing beam op­er­a­tion and ex­per­i­ments, the de­vel­oped method is in­te­grated into the con­trol sys­tem.  
poster icon Poster MOPAB319 [1.209 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB319  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 16 June 2021       issue date ※ 12 August 2021  
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MOPAB320 The CMS ECAL Enfourneur: A Gigantic Machine with a Soft Touch operation, alignment, insertion, experiment 986
 
  • V. Pettinacci
    INFN-Roma, Roma, Italy
  
  The elec­tro­mag­netic calorime­ter (ECAL) of the CMS ex­per­i­ment at the LHC is com­posed of 75848 scin­til­lat­ing lead tungstate crys­tals arranged in a bar­rel sec­tion and two end­caps. The bar­rel part is made of 36 su­per­mod­ules (SM), 2.7 tons each, and is in­stalled in­side the CMS mag­net. There are 18 SMs on each side of CMS, with each SM con­tain­ing 1700 crys­tals. Dur­ing Long Shut­down 3, all ECAL SMs must be ex­tracted to re­fur­bish the elec­tron­ics in prepa­ra­tion for HL-LHC. A ded­i­cated ma­chine called the "En­fourneur" is used to ex­tract and re-in­sert the SMs in­side CMS, with a re­quired ac­cu­racy of about 1mm. In order to speed up the ex­trac­tion and in­ser­tion process, two En­fourneurs will be em­ployed, op­er­at­ing in par­al­lel on both sides. In view of the pur­chase of the sec­ond En­fourneur, the de­sign has been im­proved, start­ing from the feed­back of past op­er­a­tions. The im­prove­ments to the new En­fourneur de­sign in­clude in­creased space for the op­er­a­tors, op­ti­miza­tion of the op­er­a­tions and the con­trols with the use of elec­tric mo­tors, and an up­dated align­ment sys­tem. Han­dling plans in­side the CMS cav­ern have been de­fined in order to be com­pli­ant with the rest of CMS struc­tures and pro­ce­dures.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB320  
About • paper received ※ 11 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 17 August 2021       issue date ※ 20 August 2021  
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MOPAB321 Schlieren Imaging for Flow Visualisation of Gas Jet in Vacuum for Accelerator Applications vacuum, laser, solenoid, linac 989
 
  • S. Rosily, B. Dikshit, S. Krishnagopal
    Homi Bhbha National Institute (HBNI), DAE, Mumbai, India
  • S. Krishnagopal, S. Rosily
    BARC, Mumbai, India
  
  Schlieren imag­ing was ex­plored for flow vi­su­al­is­ing of a gas jet in vac­uum for beam pro­file mon­i­tor ap­pli­ca­tion. In su­per­sonic gas jet based beam pro­file mon­i­tors, the high den­sity jet flows through var­i­ous dif­fer­en­tially pumped skim­mer stages be­fore being shaped into a sheet. Schlieren imag­ing is a well known tech­nique used in aero­dy­namic stud­ies to vi­su­alise gas flow. This tech­nique is ex­plained in the paper along with a gist of other flow vi­su­al­i­sa­tion tech­niques. An Z-type schlieren imag­ing setup used to view the high den­sity flow fea­tures of a pulsed su­per­sonic gas jet in­side vac­uum is de­scribed in de­tail. Flow around a Pitot probe in su­per­sonic flow was sim­u­lated and the re­sul­tant den­sity pro­file ob­tained was com­pared with the image ob­tained using schlieren imag­ing. The flow fea­tures in­clud­ing a de­tached shock around the tip of the probe was ob­serv­able at medium and high vac­uum after pro­cess­ing the image. Image pro­cess­ing al­go­rithms and tools use­ful for this ap­pli­ca­tion are also dis­cussed.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB321  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 26 May 2021       issue date ※ 29 August 2021  
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MOPAB322 Electronics for Bead-pull Measurement of Radio Frequency Accelerating Structures in LEHIPA cavity, software, rfq, interface 993
 
  • S. Rosily, S. Krishnagopal
    Homi Bhbha National Institute (HBNI), DAE, Mumbai, India
  • S. Krishnagopal, S. Singh
    BARC, Mumbai, India
  
  For car­ry­ing out bead-pull char­ac­ter­i­sa­tion of RFQ and DTL at the Low En­ergy High In­ten­sity Pro­ton Ac­cel­er­a­tor of BARC, a con­troller for si­mul­ta­ne­ous mo­tion of 64 axis, tuners or post cou­plers, was de­vel­oped. Also, a bead mo­tion con­troller with in­te­grated phase mea­sure­ment sen­sor was de­vel­oped. The paper dis­cusses the re­quire­ments of the sys­tem, the ar­chi­tec­ture of the con­trol sys­tems, op­er­a­tion and re­sults. The re­sults ob­tained from the sen­sor was com­pared to that ob­tained using an in­de­pen­dent USB VNA. The ad­van­tages of the sys­tem es­pe­cially with ad­di­tion of in­ter­nal phase mea­sure­ment sen­sor in­clud­ing min­imis­ing po­si­tion error, flex­i­bil­ity in bead­pull to se­lec­tively in­crease res­o­lu­tion at spec­i­fied lo­ca­tions and ease of im­ple­ment­ing auto-tun­ing al­go­rithms are dis­cussed.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB322  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 24 May 2021       issue date ※ 14 August 2021  
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MOPAB355 Multi-Objective Optimization of RF Structures cavity, impedance, RF-structure, ECR 1103
 
  • S.J. Smith, R. Apsimon, G. Burt, M.J.W. Southerby
    Cockcroft Institute, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
  • S. Setiniyaz
    Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  • S. Setiniyaz
    Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
  
  In this work, we apply multi-ob­jec­tive op­ti­miza­tion meth­ods to sin­gle-cell cav­ity mod­els gen­er­ated using non-uni­form ra­tio­nal basis splines (NURBS). This mod­el­ing method uses con­trol points and a NURBS to gen­er­ate the cav­ity geom­e­try, which al­lows for greater flex­i­bil­ity in the shape, lead­ing to im­proved per­for­mance. Using this ap­proach and multi-ob­jec­tive ge­netic al­go­rithms (MOGAs) we find the Pareto fron­tiers for the typ­i­cal key quan­ti­ties of in­ter­est (QoI) in­clud­ing peak fields, shunt im­ped­ance and the mod­i­fied Poynt­ing vec­tor. Vi­su­al­iz­ing these re­sults be­comes in­creas­ingly more dif­fi­cult as the num­ber of ob­jec­tives in­creases, there­fore, in order to un­der­stand these fron­tiers, we pro­vide sev­eral tech­niques for an­a­lyz­ing, vi­su­al­iz­ing and using multi-di­men­sional Pareto fronts specif­i­cally for RF cav­ity de­sign.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB355  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 15 July 2021       issue date ※ 30 August 2021  
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MOPAB356 The ESS MEBT RF Buncher Cavities Conditioning Process cavity, vacuum, MEBT, EPICS 1107
 
  • I. Bustinduy, N. Garmendia, P.J. González, A. Kaftoosian, S. Masa, I. Mazkiaran, L.C. Medina, J.L. Muñoz
    ESS Bilbao, Zamudio, Spain
  • J. Etxeberria, J.P.S. Martins
    ESS, Lund, Sweden
  
  Funding: This work is part of FEDER-TRACKS project, co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) .
As part of the 5 MW Eu­ro­pean Spal­la­tion Source (ESS), the Medium En­ergy Beam Trans­port (MEBT) was de­signed, as­sem­bled, and in­stalled in the tun­nel since May 2020 by ESS-Bil­bao. This sec­tion of the ac­cel­er­a­tor is lo­cated be­tween the Radio Fre­quency Quadru­pole (RFQ) and the Drift Tube Linac (DTL). The main pur­pose of the MEBT is to match the in­com­ing beam from the RFQ both trans­versely and lon­gi­tu­di­nally into the DTL. The lon­gi­tu­di­nal match­ing is achieved by three 352.209 MHz RF buncher cav­i­ties. In this paper, we focus on the RF con­di­tion­ing process for each set of power cou­pler and buncher cav­ity. For this pur­pose, dif­fer­ent tools were de­vel­oped on EPICS and Python as well as elec­tron­ics hard­ware such as Fast In­ter­lock Mod­ule (FIM) and tim­ing sys­tem. These tools served to au­tom­a­tize both the cav­ity fre­quency tun­ing and the power ramp-up process and will be de­scribed in de­tail in the fol­low­ing sec­tions. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB356  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 09 June 2021       issue date ※ 25 August 2021  
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MOPAB363 Design, Characteristics and Dynamic Properties of Mobile Plunger-based Frequency Tuning System for Coaxial Half Wave Resonators cavity, operation, experiment, resonance 1129
 
  • D. Bychanok, S. Huseu, S.A. Maksimenko, A.E. Sukhotski
    INP BSU, Minsk, Belarus
  • A.V. Butenko, E. Syresin
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  • M. Gusarova, M.V. Lalayan, S.M. Polozov
    MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
  • V.S. Petrakovsky, A.I. Pokrovsky, A. Shvedov, S.V. Yurevich
    Physical-Technical Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
  • Y. Tamashevich
    HZB, Berlin, Germany
  
  The prac­ti­cal re­al­iza­tion of a pro­to­type of the fre­quency tun­ing sys­tem (FTS) for coax­ial half-wave cav­i­ties (HWR) for the Nu­clotron-based Ion Col­lider fA­cil­ity (NICA) in­jec­tor is pre­sented. The im­pact of FTS on elec­tro­mag­netic pa­ra­me­ters of cop­per HWR pro­to­type is ex­per­i­men­tally stud­ied and dis­cussed. The most im­por­tant pa­ra­me­ters like tun­ing range, tun­ing sen­si­tiv­ity, the de­pen­dence of the res­o­nant fre­quency on the po­si­tion of the plungers are es­ti­mated. The ef­fec­tive op­er­a­tion al­go­rithms of the pro­posed FTS are dis­cussed and an­a­lyzed. The dy­namic char­ac­ter­is­tics of FTS are in­ves­ti­gated and showed the abil­ity to ad­just the fre­quency with an ac­cu­racy of about 70 Hz.  
poster icon Poster MOPAB363 [3.597 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB363  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 09 June 2021       issue date ※ 11 August 2021  
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MOPAB390 Development of a 166.6 MHz Low-Level RF System by Direct Sampling for High Energy Photon Source cavity, LLRF, photon, pick-up 1189
 
  • D.B. Li, H.Y. Lin, Q.Y. Wang, P. Zhang
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  
  Funding: This work was supported by High Energy Photon Source, a major national science and technology infrastructure in China.
A dig­i­tal low-level radio fre­quency (LLRF) sys­tem by di­rect sam­pling has been pro­posed for 166.6 MHz su­per­con­duct­ing cav­i­ties at High En­ergy Pho­ton Source (HEPS). The RF field in­side the cav­i­ties has to be con­trolled bet­ter than ±0.1% (peak to peak) in am­pli­tude and ±0.1 deg (peak to peak) in phase. Con­sid­er­ing that the RF fre­quency is 166.6 MHz, which is well within the ana­log band­width of mod­ern high-speed ADCs and DACs, di­rect RF sam­pling and di­rect dig­i­tal mod­u­la­tion can be achieved. A dig­i­tal LLRF sys­tem uti­liz­ing di­rect sam­pling has there­fore been de­vel­oped with em­bed­ded ex­per­i­men­tal physics and in­dus­trial con­trol sys­tem (EPICS) in the field pro­gram­ma­ble gate array (FPGA). The per­for­mance in the lab has been char­ac­ter­ized in a self-closed loop with a resid­ual peak-to-peak noise of ±0.05% in am­pli­tude and ±0.03 deg in phase, which is well below the HEPS spec­i­fi­ca­tions. Fur­ther tests on a warm 166.6 MHz cav­ity in the lab are also pre­sented. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB390  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 09 June 2021       issue date ※ 30 August 2021  
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MOPAB391 Conduction Cooling Methods for Nb3Sn SRF Cavities and Cryomodules cavity, SRF, accelerating-gradient, simulation 1192
 
  • N.A. Stilin, A.T. Holic, M. Liepe, R.D. Porter, J. Sears, Z. Sun
    Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
  
  Rapid progress in the per­for­mance of Nb3Sn SRF cav­i­ties dur­ing the last few years has made Nb3Sn an en­ergy ef­fi­cient al­ter­na­tive to tra­di­tional Nb cav­i­ties, thereby ini­ti­at­ing a fun­da­men­tal shift in SRF tech­nol­ogy. These Nb3Sn cav­i­ties can op­er­ate at sig­nif­i­cantly higher tem­per­a­tures than Nb cav­i­ties while si­mul­ta­ne­ously re­quir­ing less cool­ing power. This crit­i­cal prop­erty en­ables the use of new, ro­bust, turn-key style cryo­genic cool­ing schemes based on con­duc­tion cool­ing with com­mer­cial cry­ocool­ers. Cor­nell Uni­ver­sity has de­vel­oped and tested a 2.6 GHz Nb3Sn cav­ity as­sem­bly which uti­lizes such cool­ing meth­ods. These tests have demon­strated sta­ble RF op­er­a­tion at 10 MV/m and the mea­sured ther­mal dy­nam­ics match what is found in nu­mer­i­cal sim­u­la­tions.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB391  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 10 June 2021       issue date ※ 17 August 2021  
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TUXC03 Ferro-Electric Fast Reactive Tuner Applications for SRF Cavities cavity, SRF, beam-loading, operation 1305
 
  • N.C. Shipman, A. Castilla, M.R. Coly, F. Gerigk, A. Macpherson, N. Stapley, H. Timko
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • I. Ben-Zvi
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
  • G. Burt, A. Castilla
    Cockcroft Institute, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
  • C.-J. Jing, A. Kanareykin
    Euclid TechLabs, Solon, Ohio, USA
  
  A Ferro-Elec­tric fast Re­ac­tive Tuner (FE-FRT) is a novel type of RF cav­ity tuner con­tain­ing a low loss fer­ro­elec­tric ma­te­r­ial. FE-FRTs have no mov­ing parts and allow cav­ity fre­quen­cies to be changed ex­tremely quickly (on the timescale of 100s of ns or less). They are of par­tic­u­lar in­ter­est for SRF cav­i­ties as they can be placed out­side the liq­uid he­lium en­vi­ron­ment and with­out an FE-FRT it’s typ­i­cally very dif­fi­cult to tune SRF cav­i­ties quickly. FE-FRTs can be used for a wide va­ri­ety of use cases in­clud­ing mi­cro­phon­ics sup­pres­sion, RF switch­ing, and tran­sient beam load­ing com­pen­sa­tion. This promises en­tirely new op­er­a­tional ca­pa­bil­i­ties, in­creased per­for­mance and cost sav­ings for a va­ri­ety of ex­ist­ing and pro­posed ac­cel­er­a­tors. An overview of the the­ory and po­ten­tial ap­pli­ca­tions will be dis­cussed in de­tail.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUXC03  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 August 2021       issue date ※ 25 August 2021  
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TUPAB035 ESS Medium Beta Cavities Status at INFN LASA cavity, SRF, linac, multipactoring 1420
 
  • D. Sertore, M. Bertucci, M. Bonezzi, A. Bosotti, A. D’Ambros, A.T. Grimaldi, P. Michelato, L. Monaco, R. Paparella
    INFN/LASA, Segrate (MI), Italy
  • C. Pagani
    Università degli Studi di Milano & INFN, Segrate, Italy
  
  INFN Mi­lano con­tributes in-kind to the ESS ERIC Su­per­con­duct­ing Linac sup­ply­ing 36 cav­i­ties for the Medium Beta sec­tion of the pro­ton ac­cel­er­a­tor. The pro­duc­tion has reached com­ple­tion, being all the cav­i­ties me­chan­i­cal fab­ri­cated, BCP treated and, for most of them, also qual­i­fied with ver­ti­cal test at cold. In this paper, we re­port on the re­sults and lessons learnt and the ac­tions taken both for qual­ity con­trol man­ag­ing and re­cov­ery of the few cav­i­ties that did not reach the pro­ject goal after the first qual­i­fi­ca­tion test.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB035  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 14 June 2021       issue date ※ 18 August 2021  
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TUPAB063 Study of PF-Ring Infrastructure Improvements Using Temperature Measurements in the Ring Tunnel injection, experiment, operation, radiation 1508
 
  • N. Nakamura, K. Haga, T. Nogami, M. Tadano
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  
  Tem­per­a­ture mea­sure­ments have been per­formed in the PF-ring tun­nel in order to un­der­stand the in­fra­struc­ture per­for­mance and the tem­per­a­ture sta­bil­ity to­wards the PF up­grade pro­ject, where bet­ter beam sta­bil­ity will be re­quired. Based on the tem­per­a­ture mea­sure­ments, pos­si­ble im­prove­ments of the PF-ring in­fra­struc­ture such as an air-con­di­tion­ing sys­tem have been stud­ied to en­hance the tem­per­a­ture sta­bil­ity in the PF-ring tun­nel. In this paper, we pre­sent re­sults of the tem­per­a­ture mea­sure­ments in the PF-ring tun­nel and a pro­posal of the PF-ring in­fra­struc­ture im­prove­ments for the tem­per­a­ture sta­bi­liza­tion.  
poster icon Poster TUPAB063 [6.169 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB063  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 26 May 2021       issue date ※ 16 August 2021  
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TUPAB079 Using ER@CEBAF to Show that a Multipass ERL Can Drive an XFEL FEL, operation, electron, acceleration 1555
 
  • G. Perez-Segurana
    Cockcroft Institute, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
  • I.R. Bailey, P.H. Williams
    Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  • I.R. Bailey
    Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
  • R.M. Bodenstein, S.A. Bogacz, D. Douglas, Y. Roblin, T. Satogata
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  • T. Satogata
    ODU, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
  • P.H. Williams
    STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  
  A multi-pass re­cir­cu­lat­ing su­per­con­duct­ing CW linac of­fers a cost ef­fec­tive path to a multi-user fa­cil­ity with un­prece­dented sci­en­tific and in­dus­trial reach over a wide range of dis­ci­plines. We pro­pose such a fa­cil­ity as an op­tion for a po­ten­tial UK-XFEL. En­ergy Re­cov­ery en­ables multi-MHz FEL sources, for ex­am­ple, an X-ray FEL os­cil­la­tor or re­gen­er­a­tive am­pli­fier FEL. Ad­di­tion­ally, com­bin­ing with ex­ter­nal lasers and/or self-in­ter­ac­tion would pro­vide ac­cess to MeV and GeV gamma-rays via in­verse Comp­ton scat­ter­ing at high av­er­age power for nu­clear and par­ti­cle physics ap­pli­ca­tions. An op­por­tu­nity ex­ists to demon­strate the nec­es­sary point-to-par­al­lel lon­gi­tu­di­nal matches to drive an XFEL and suc­cess­fully en­ergy re­cover at the up­com­ing 5-pass up, 5-pass down En­ergy Re­cov­ery ex­per­i­ment on CEBAF at JLab termed ER@​CEBAF.​ We show can­di­date matches and sim­u­la­tions sup­port­ing the min­i­mal nec­es­sary mod­i­fi­ca­tions to CEBAF this will re­quire. This in­cludes lin­eari­sa­tion of the lon­gi­tu­di­nal phase space in the in­jec­tor and a re­duc­tion in the dis­per­sion of the arcs, both of which in­crease the en­ergy ac­cep­tance of CEBAF. We ex­pect to com­mence ini­tial tests of these adap­ta­tions on CEBAF dur­ing 2021.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB079  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 27 July 2021       issue date ※ 17 August 2021  
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TUPAB087 Full Characterization of the Bunch-Compressor Dipoles for FLUTE dipole, electron, linac, HOM 1585
 
  • Y. Nie, A. Bernhard, E. Bründermann, A.-S. Müller, M.J. Nasse, R. Ruprecht, J. Schäfer, M. Schuh, Y. Tong
    KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
  
  Funding: This work is supported by the BMBF project 05H18VKRB1 HIRING (Federal Ministry of Education and Research).
The Fer­n­in­frarot Linac- Und Test-Ex­per­i­ment (FLUTE) is a KIT-op­er­ated linac-based test fa­cil­ity for ac­cel­er­a­tor re­search and de­vel­op­ment as well as a com­pact, ul­tra-broad­band and short-pulse ter­a­hertz (THz) source. As a key com­po­nent of FLUTE, the bunch com­pres­sor (chi­cane) con­sist­ing of four spe­cially de­signed dipoles will be used to com­press the 40-50 MeV elec­tron bunches after the linac down to sin­gle fs bunch length. The max­i­mum ver­ti­cal mag­netic field of the dipoles reach 0.22 T, with an ef­fec­tive length of 200 mm. The good field re­gion is ±40 mm and ±10.5 mm in the hor­i­zon­tal and ver­ti­cal di­rec­tion, re­spec­tively. The lat­est mea­sure­ment re­sults of the dipoles in terms of field ho­mo­gene­ity, ex­ci­ta­tion and field re­pro­ducibil­ity within the good field re­gions will be re­ported, which meet the pre­de­fined spec­i­fi­ca­tions. The mea­sured 3D mag­netic field dis­tri­b­u­tions have been used to per­form beam dy­nam­ics sim­u­la­tions of the bunch com­pres­sor. Ef­fects of the real field prop­er­ties on the beam dy­nam­ics, which are dif­fer­ent from that of the ASTRA built-in di­pole field, will be dis­cussed. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB087  
About • paper received ※ 10 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 27 May 2021       issue date ※ 01 September 2021  
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TUPAB195 Local Orbit Correction Application for CSNS-RCS High Intensity Commissioning MMI, optics, neutron, resonance 1865
 
  • Y.W. An, Y. Li, S.Y. Xu, Y. Yuan
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  • M.T. Li
    IHEP CSNS, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
  
  The China Spal­la­tion Neu­tron Source (CSNS) is a high in­ten­sity hadron pulse fa­cil­ity which achieved the de­sign goal in March, 2020. The Rapid Cy­cling Syn­chro­tron (RCS) is the im­por­tant part of the CSNS which ac­cel­er­ates the pro­ton beam from 80MeV to 1.6GeV. Dur­ing the high in­ten­sity com­mis­sion­ing of the RCS, an local orbit cor­rec­tion ap­pli­ca­tion was de­vel­oped. Be­cause of the good per­for­mance of the local orbit con­trol­ling at the ramp­ing stage, the beam loss was op­ti­mized ef­fec­tively in the process of the ac­cel­er­a­tion. In the paper, the ef­fi­ciency of the beam loss op­ti­miza­tion dur­ing the ac­cel­er­a­tion is given and the fu­ture plans were pro­posed.  
poster icon Poster TUPAB195 [2.279 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB195  
About • paper received ※ 13 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 17 June 2021       issue date ※ 01 September 2021  
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TUPAB201 Vacuum Tube Operation Tuning for a High Intensity Beam Acceleration in J-PARC RCS acceleration, vacuum, operation, electron 1884
 
  • M. Yamamoto, M. Nomura, H. Okita, T. Shimada, F. Tamura
    JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan
  • M. Furusawa, K. Hara, K. Hasegawa, C. Ohmori, Y. Sugiyama, M. Yoshii
    KEK, Tokai, Ibaraki, Japan
  
  Tetrode vac­uum tubes in the J-PARC RCS are used under a re­duced fil­a­ment volt­age con­di­tion com­pared with the rat­ing value to pro­long the tube life time. One tube reached the end of life in 2020; it was the first case in the RCS after 60,000 hours op­er­a­tion time. This means the re­duced fil­a­ment volt­age works well be­cause the tube has been run­ning be­yond an ex­pected life time sug­gested by the tube man­u­fac­turer. How­ever, an elec­tron emis­sion from the fil­a­ment is de­creased by the re­duced fil­a­ment volt­age. Al­though the large am­pli­tude of the anode cur­rent is nec­es­sary for the high in­ten­sity beam ac­cel­er­a­tion to com­pen­sate an wake volt­age, a solid-state am­pli­fier to drive a con­trol grid cir­cuit al­most reaches the out­put power limit be­cause of the poor elec­tron emis­sion. We changed the fil­a­ment volt­age re­duc­tion rate from 15 % to 5 %; the re­quired power of the solid-state am­pli­fier was fairly re­duced, whereas the ac­cel­er­ated beam power was same. We will de­scribe the mea­sure­ment re­sults of the vac­uum tube pa­ra­me­ters in terms of the fil­a­ment volt­age tun­ing.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB201  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 17 June 2021       issue date ※ 02 September 2021  
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TUPAB203 Electromagnetic Simulations of a Novel Proton Linac Using VSim on HPC linac, rfq, simulation, operation 1887
 
  • S.I. Sosa Guitron, S. Biedron, T.B. Bolin
    UNM-ECE, Albuquerque, USA
  • J.R. Cary
    Tech-X, Boulder, Colorado, USA
  • M.S. Curtin, B. Hartman, T. Pressnall, D.A. Swenson
    Ion Linac Systems, Inc., Albuquerque, USA
  
  Funding: This work is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, award number DE-SC0019468; It used resources of the Argonne Leadership Computing Facility, contract DE-AC02-06CH11357, and from Element Aero.
We dis­cuss elec­tro­mag­netic sim­u­la­tions of ac­cel­er­at­ing struc­tures in a high per­for­mance com­put­ing (HPC) sys­tem. Our over­ar­ch­ing goal is to re­solve the linac op­er­a­tion in a large en­sem­ble of ini­tial beam con­di­tions. This re­quires a sym­bi­otic re­la­tion be­tween the elec­tro­mag­netic solver and HPC. The linac is being de­vel­oped by Ion Linac Sys­tems to pro­duce a low-en­ergy, high-cur­rent, pro­ton beam. We use VSim, an elec­tro­mag­netic solver and PIC soft­ware de­vel­oped by Tech-X to de­ter­mine the elec­tro­mag­netic fun­da­men­tal mode of op­er­a­tion of the ac­cel­er­at­ing struc­tures and dis­cuss its im­ple­men­ta­tion at the THETA su­per­com­puter in the Ar­gonne Lead­er­ship Com­put­ing Fa­cil­ity. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB203  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 17 June 2021       issue date ※ 10 August 2021  
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TUPAB286 Experience with On-line Optimizers for APS Linac Front End Optimization linac, gun, operation, injection 2151
 
  • H. Shang, M. Borland, X. Huang, Y. Sun
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
  • M. Song, Z. Zhang
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  
  Funding: * Work supported by U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 and BES R&D project FWP 2020-ANL-34573
While the APS linac lat­tice is set up using a model de­vel­oped with EL­E­GANT, the thermionic RF gun front end beam dy­nam­ics has been dif­fi­cult to model. One of the is­sues is that beam prop­er­ties from the thermionic gun can vary from time to time. As a re­sult, linac front end beam tun­ing is re­quired to es­tab­lish good match­ing and max­i­mize the charge trans­ported through the linac. We have been using a tra­di­tional sim­plex op­ti­mizer to find the best set­tings for the gun front end mag­nets and steer­ing mag­nets. How­ever, it takes a long time and re­quires some fair ini­tial con­di­tions. There­fore, we im­ported other on-line op­ti­miz­ers, such as ro­bust con­ju­gate di­rec­tion search (RCDS) which is a clas­sic op­ti­mizer as sim­plex, multi-ob­jec­tive par­ti­cle swarm (MOPSO), and multi-gen­er­a­tion gauss­ian process op­ti­mizer (MG-GPO) which is based on ma­chine learn­ing tech­nique. In this paper we re­port our ex­pe­ri­ence with these on-line op­ti­miz­ers for max­i­mum bunch charge trans­porta­tion ef­fi­ciency through the linac. 		 
poster icon Poster TUPAB286 [2.964 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB286  
About • paper received ※ 12 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 08 July 2021       issue date ※ 29 August 2021  
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TUPAB287 Application of Artificial Neural Network in the APS Linac Bunch Charge Transmission Efficiency linac, operation, kicker, photon 2155
 
  • H. Shang, R. Maulik, Y. Sun
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
  • T. Xu
    Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, USA
  
  Funding: * Work supported by U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
In re­cent years there has been a rapid growth in ma­chine learn­ing (ML) and ar­ti­fi­cial in­tel­li­gence (AI) ap­pli­ca­tions in ac­cel­er­a­tors. As the scale of com­plex­ity and so­phis­ti­ca­tion of mod­ern ac­cel­er­a­tors grows, the dif­fi­cul­ties in mod­el­ing the ma­chine in­crease greatly in order to in­clude all the in­ter­act­ing sub­sys­tems and to con­sider the lim­i­ta­tion of var­i­ous di­ag­nos­tics to bench­mark against mea­sure­ments. Tools based on ML can help sub­stan­tially in re­veal­ing cor­re­la­tions of ma­chine con­di­tion and beam pa­ra­me­ters that are not eas­ily dis­cov­ered using tra­di­tional physics model-based sim­u­la­tions, re­duc­ing ma­chine tun­ing up time etc among the many pos­si­ble ap­pli­ca­tions. While at APS we have many ex­cel­lent tools for the op­ti­miza­tion, di­ag­nos­tics, and con­trols of the ac­cel­er­a­tors, we do not yet have ML-based tools es­tab­lished. It is our de­sire to test ML in our ma­chine op­er­a­tion, op­ti­miza­tion, and con­trols. In this paper, we in­tro­duce the ap­pli­ca­tion of neural net­works to the APS linac bunch charge trans­mis­sion ef­fi­ciency. 		 
poster icon Poster TUPAB287 [0.781 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB287  
About • paper received ※ 12 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 16 June 2021       issue date ※ 29 August 2021  
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TUPAB289 Towards Hysteresis Aware Bayesian Regression and Optimization ISAC, experiment, target, operation 2159
 
  • R.J. Roussel
    University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
  • A. Hanuka
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  
  Funding: This work was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Award No. PHY-1549132, the Center for Bright Beams.
Al­go­rithms used today for ac­cel­er­a­tor op­ti­miza­tion as­sume a sim­ple pro­por­tional re­la­tion­ship be­tween an in­ter­me­di­ate tun­ing pa­ra­me­ter and the re­sul­tant field or mech­a­nism which in­flu­ences the beam. This ne­glects the ef­fects of hys­tere­sis, where the mag­netic or me­chan­i­cal re­sponse de­pends not only on the cur­rent pa­ra­me­ter value, but also on the his­tor­i­cal pa­ra­me­ter val­ues. This pre­vents the use of one to one sur­ro­gate mod­els, such as Gauss­ian processes, to as­sist in op­ti­miza­tion when hys­tere­sis ef­fects are not neg­li­gi­ble, since iden­ti­cal points in input space no longer cor­re­spond to a same point in out­put space. In this work, we demon­strate how Bayesian in­fer­ence can be used in con­junc­tion with Gauss­ian processes to jointly model both the hys­tere­sis cycle of mag­netic el­e­ments and the beam re­sponse. Using this tech­nique we demon­strate how to model the hys­tere­sis cycle of a mag­net dur­ing ac­cel­er­a­tor op­er­a­tion in situ by only mea­sur­ing the beam re­sponse, with­out di­rect mag­netic field mea­sure­ments. This al­lows us to quickly build ac­cu­rate sta­tis­ti­cal mod­els of the beam re­sponse that can be used for rapid tun­ing of ac­cel­er­a­tors where hys­tere­sis ef­fects are dom­i­nant. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB289  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 24 June 2021       issue date ※ 19 August 2021  
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TUPAB290 Demonstration of Machine Learning Front-End Optimization of the Advanced Photon Source Linac linac, gun, electron, photon 2163
 
  • A. Hanuka, J.P. Duris
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  • H. Shang, Y. Sun
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
  
  The elec­tron beam for the Ad­vanced Pho­ton Source (APS) at Ar­gonne Na­tional Lab­o­ra­tory is gen­er­ated from a thermionic RF gun and ac­cel­er­ated by an S-band lin­ear ac­cel­er­a­tor – the APS linac. While the APS linac lat­tice is set up using a model de­vel­oped with EL­E­GANT, the thermionic RF gun front-end beam dy­nam­ics have been dif­fi­cult to model. One of the is­sues is that beam prop­er­ties from thermionic guns can vary. As a re­sult, linac front-end beam tun­ing is re­quired to es­tab­lish good match­ing and max­i­mize the charge trans­ported through the linac. A tra­di­tional Nelder-Mead sim­plex op­ti­mizer has been used to find the best set­tings for the six­teen quadrupoles and steer­ing mag­nets. How­ever, it takes a long time and re­quires some fair ini­tial con­di­tions. The Gauss­ian Process (GP) op­ti­mizer does not have the ini­tial con­di­tion lim­i­ta­tion and runs sev­eral times faster. In this paper, we re­port our data col­lec­tion and analy­sis for the train­ing of the GP hy­per­pa­ra­me­ters and dis­cuss the ap­pli­ca­tion of GP op­ti­mizer on the APS linac front-end op­ti­miza­tion for max­i­mum bunch charge trans­porta­tion ef­fi­ciency through the linac.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB290  
About • paper received ※ 09 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 28 July 2021       issue date ※ 27 August 2021  
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TUPAB291 Subsystem Level Data Acquisition for the Optical Synchronization System at European XFEL FEL, laser, data-acquisition, database 2167
 
  • M. Schütte, A. Eichler, T. Lamb, V. Rybnikov, H. Schlarb, T. Wilksen
    DESY, Hamburg, Germany
  
  The op­ti­cal syn­chro­niza­tion sys­tem for the Eu­ro­pean X-Ray Free-Elec­tron Laser pro­vides sub-10 fem­tosec­ond tim­ing pre­ci­sion * for the ac­cel­er­a­tor sub­sys­tems and ex­per­i­ments. This is achieved by phase lock­ing a mode-locked laser os­cil­la­tor to the main RF ref­er­ence and dis­trib­ut­ing the op­ti­cal pulse train car­ry­ing the time in­for­ma­tion via ac­tively prop­a­ga­tion-time sta­bi­lized op­ti­cal fibers to mul­ti­ple end-sta­tions. Mak­ing up roughly one per­cent of the en­tire Eu­ro­pean XFEL, it is the first sub­sys­tem to re­ceive a large-scale data ac­qui­si­tion sys­tem [2] for stor­ing not just hand-se­lected in­for­ma­tion, but in fact all di­ag­nos­tic, mon­i­tor­ing, and con­fig­u­ra­tion data rel­e­vant to the op­ti­cal syn­chro­niza­tion avail­able from the dis­trib­uted con­trol sys­tem in­fra­struc­ture. A min­i­mum of 100 TB per year may be stored in a per­sis­tent archive for long-term health mon­i­tor­ing and data min­ing whereas ex­cess data is stored in a short-term ring buffer for high-res­o­lu­tion fault analy­sis and fea­ture ex­trac­tion al­go­rithm de­vel­op­ment. This paper de­scribes scale, chal­lenges and first ex­pe­ri­ences from the op­ti­cal syn­chro­niza­tion data ac­qui­si­tion sys­tem.
* S. Schulz et al., "Few-Femtosecond Facility-Wide Sync. of the European XFEL," in Proc. FEL’19
** T. Wilksen et al., "A Bunch-Sync. DAQ System for the European XFEL," in Proc. ICALEPCS’17 		 
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DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB291  
About • paper received ※ 14 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 17 June 2021       issue date ※ 24 August 2021  
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TUPAB292 Automation of the ReAccelerator Linac Phasing cavity, detector, interface, linac 2170
 
  • D.J. Barofsky, A.I. Henriques, T.J. Kabana, A.S. Plastun
    FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
  • D.B. Crisp, A. Lapierre, S. Nash, A.C.C. Villari
    NSCL, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
  
  Funding: This work is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. PHY-1565546
The ReAc­cel­er­a­tor (ReA) at the Na­tional Su­per­con­duct­ing Cy­clotron Lab­o­ra­tory at Michi­gan State Uni­ver­sity is a unique fa­cil­ity, as it of­fers the pos­si­bil­ity to reac­cel­er­ate not only sta­ble, but rare-iso­tope beams pro­duced by fast-pro­jec­tile frag­men­ta­tion or fis­sion. At ReA, beams are ac­cel­er­ated using a Ra­dio-Fre­quency-Quadru­pole and a su­per­con­duct­ing lin­ear ac­cel­er­a­tor be­fore being de­liv­ered to ex­per­i­ments. Beam prepa­ra­tion time plays a major role in the avail­abil­ity of beams to ex­per­i­ments. One of the major time con­sum­ing tasks is the linac phas­ing, since there are 23 res­onator cav­i­ties to be phased, usu­ally with very low beam in­ten­si­ties. This pro­ce­dure was au­to­mated using a com­bi­na­tion of EPICS (Ex­per­i­men­tal Physics and In­dus­trial Con­trols Sys­tem) In/Out­put Con­trollers (IOCs) and IOC trig­gered scripts to scan the res­onator phase delay and mea­sure the change in beam en­ergy. We have de­vel­oped user-friendly tools to phase the linac, which have been tested, mak­ing the task of phas­ing sub­stan­tially eas­ier. In this pre­sen­ta­tion, we will pre­sent our method­ol­ogy, chal­lenges faced, tools de­vel­oped, and ini­tial re­sults of the ap­pli­ca­tion for au­tomat­ing the phas­ing of the ReA linac. 		 
poster icon Poster TUPAB292 [1.140 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB292  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 June 2021       issue date ※ 29 August 2021  
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TUPAB295 Upgrade to the EPICS Control System at the Argonne Wakefield Accelerator Test Facility EPICS, interface, data-acquisition, LLRF 2173
 
  • W. Liu, J.M. Byrd, D.S. Doran, G. Ha, A.N. Johnson, P. Piot, J.G. Power, J.H. Shao, G. Shen, C. Whiteford, E.E. Wisniewski
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
  
  Funding: US Department of Energy, Office of Science
The Ar­gonne Wake­field Ac­cel­er­a­tor (AWA) Test Fa­cil­ity has used a com­pletely home­brewed, MS Win­dows-based con­trol sys­tem for the last 20 years. In an ef­fort to mod­ern­ize the con­trol sys­tem and pre­pare for an ac­tive ma­chine learn­ing pro­gram, the AWA will work with the Ad­vanced Pho­ton Source (APS) con­trols group to up­grade its con­trol sys­tem to EPICS. The EPICS con­trol sys­tem is ex­pected to fa­cil­i­tate col­lab­o­ra­tions and sup­port the fu­ture growth of AWA. An overview of the pre­vi­ous AWA con­trol and data ac­qui­si­tion sys­tem is pre­sented, along with a vi­sion and path for com­plet­ing the EPICS up­grade. 		 
poster icon Poster TUPAB295 [1.108 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB295  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 01 July 2021       issue date ※ 30 August 2021  
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TUPAB296 LLRF Upgrade at the Argonne Wakefield Accelerator Test Facility LLRF, laser, klystron, pick-up 2176
 
  • W. Liu, D.S. Doran, G. Ha, P. Piot, J.G. Power, J.H. Shao, C. Whiteford, E.E. Wisniewski
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
  • L.R. Doolittle, D. Filippetto, D. Li, S. Paiagua, C. Serrano, V.K. Vytla
    LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
  
  Funding: US Department of Energy, Office of Science
The Ar­gonne Wake­filed Ac­cel­er­a­tor (AWA) Test Fa­cil­ity de­signed and op­er­ated a home­made LLRF sys­tem for the last 20 years. It is based on NI-PXI prod­ucts that has now be­come ob­so­lete. The AWA’s LLRF can­not keep up with the in­creas­ing sta­bil­ity de­mands of AWA’s up­graded fa­cil­ity. An over­haul of the sys­tem is strongly de­sired. With the sup­port from DOE-HEP, the AWA is col­lab­o­rat­ing with Lawrence Berke­ley Na­tional Lab­o­ra­tory (LBNL)to up­grade its LLRF sys­tem with mod­ern in­stru­men­ta­tion to meet the grow­ing sta­bil­ity de­mands. An overview of AWA’s cur­rent LLRF sys­tem per­for­mance is pre­sented to­gether with the up­grade plan and ex­pec­ta­tions. 		 
poster icon Poster TUPAB296 [1.943 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB296  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 05 July 2021       issue date ※ 26 August 2021  
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TUPAB297 Data Archive System for Superconducting RIKEN Linear Accelerator at RIBF EPICS, network, experiment, cyclotron 2178
 
  • A. Uchiyama, N. Fukunishi, M. Kidera, M. Komiyama
    RIKEN Nishina Center, Wako, Japan
  
  At RIKEN Nishina Cen­ter, su­per­con­duct­ing RIKEN Lin­ear Ac­cel­er­a­tor (SRI­LAC) was newly in­stalled at down­stream of ex­ist­ing ac­cel­er­a­tor and up­graded for the search ex­per­i­ments of su­per-heavy-el­e­ments with atomic num­bers of 119 and higher. For the data archiv­ing and the data vi­su­al­iza­tion in RI Beam Fac­tory (RIBF) pro­ject, we have uti­lized RIBF­CAS (RIBF con­trol archive sys­tem) since 2009. For the num­ber of archived data point was ex­pected to in­crease dra­mat­i­cally for SRI­LAC, we in­tro­duced the Archiver Ap­pli­ance for im­prove­ment of the data archiv­ing per­for­mance. On the other hand, to re­al­ize a user-friendly sys­tem about the data vi­su­al­iza­tion, the data of RIBF­CAS and the Archiver Ap­pli­ance should be vi­su­al­ized on the same sys­tem. In this sys­tem, by im­ple­ment­ing a Web ap­pli­ca­tion to con­vert the RIBF­CAS data to JSON for­mat, it be­came pos­si­ble to unify the data for­mat with the Archiver Ap­pli­ance and dis­play the data with the same viewer soft­ware. In the SRI­LAC beam com­mis­sion­ing, it be­came to use­ful sys­tem for find­ing anom­alies and un­der­stand­ing the be­hav­ior of su­per­con­duct­ing cav­ity. In this con­fer­ence, we re­port the sys­tem im­ple­men­ta­tion, de­vel­oped tool, and the fu­ture plan in de­tail.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB297  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 10 June 2021       issue date ※ 17 August 2021  
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TUPAB298 First Steps Toward an Autonomous Accelerator, a Common Project Between DESY and KIT electron, laser, operation, simulation 2182
 
  • A. Eichler, F. Burkart, J. Kaiser, W. Kuropka, O. Stein
    DESY, Hamburg, Germany
  • E. Bründermann, A. Santamaria Garcia, C. Xu
    KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
  
  Funding: Helmholtz Artificial Cooperation Unit
Re­in­force­ment Learn­ing al­go­rithms have risen in pop­u­lar­ity in re­cent years in the ac­cel­er­a­tor physics com­mu­nity, show­ing po­ten­tial in beam con­trol and in the op­ti­miza­tion and au­toma­tion of tasks in ac­cel­er­a­tor op­er­a­tion. The Helmholtz AI pro­ject "Ma­chine Learn­ing to­ward Au­tonomous Ac­cel­er­a­tors" is a col­lab­o­ra­tion be­tween DESY and KIT that works on in­ves­ti­gat­ing and de­vel­op­ing RL ap­pli­ca­tions for the au­to­matic start-up of elec­tron lin­ear ac­cel­er­a­tors. The work is car­ried out in par­al­lel at two sim­i­lar re­search ac­cel­er­a­tors: ARES at DESY and FLUTE at KIT, giv­ing the unique op­por­tu­nity of trans­fer learn­ing be­tween fa­cil­i­ties. One of the first steps of this pro­ject is the es­tab­lish­ment of a com­mon in­ter­face be­tween the sim­u­la­tions and the ma­chine, in order to test and apply var­i­ous op­ti­miza­tion ap­proaches in­ter­change­ably be­tween the two ac­cel­er­a­tors. In this paper we pre­sent the first re­sults on the com­mon in­ter­face and its ap­pli­ca­tion to beam fo­cus­ing in ARES, and the idea of laser shap­ing with spa­tial light mod­u­la­tors at FLUTE. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB298  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 August 2021       issue date ※ 17 August 2021  
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TUPAB299 Tuned Delay Unit for a Stochastic Cooling System at NICA Collider pick-up, FPGA, kicker, collider 2186
 
  • S.V. Barabin, T. Kulevoy, D.A. Liakin, A.Y. Orlov
    ITEP, Moscow, Russia
  • I.V. Gorelyshev, K.G. Osipov, V.V. Peshkov, A.O. Sidorin
    JINR/VBLHEP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
  
  Sto­chas­tic cool­ing is one of the cru­cial NICA (Nu­clotron-based Ion Col­lider fA­cil­ity) sub­sys­tems. This sys­tem re­quires fine tun­ing of the re­sponse delay to the kicker, for both lon­gi­tu­di­nal and trans­verse sto­chas­tic cool­ing sys­tems. The use of a dig­i­tal delay line al­lows to add ad­di­tional fea­tures such as a fre­quency de­pen­dent group ve­loc­ity cor­rec­tion. To analyse the ca­pa­bil­i­ties of the dig­i­tal delay unit, a pro­to­type of the de­vice was cre­ated and tested. The ar­ti­cle pre­sents the char­ac­ter­is­tics of the pro­to­type, its ar­chi­tec­ture and prin­ci­ple of op­er­a­tion, test re­sults and es­ti­ma­tions for the fu­ture de­vel­op­ments.  
poster icon Poster TUPAB299 [0.493 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB299  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 10 June 2021       issue date ※ 16 August 2021  
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TUPAB300 Ion Source Optimization Using Bi-Objective Genetic and Matrix-Profile Algorithm ion-source, experiment, ECR, software 2190
 
  • W. Geithner, Z. Andelkovic, O. Geithner, F. Herfurth, V. Rapp
    GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
  • A. Neméth
    Atato, Alzenau, Germany
  • A. Van Benschoten
    MPF, Plymouth, Minnesota, USA
  • F. Wilhelmstötter
    emarsys, Vienna, Austria
  
  Em­ploy­ing the local ECR ion source of the FAIR phase 0 ion stor­age ring CRYRING@​ESR, we set up an IT-en­vi­ron­ment for on-line data pro­cess­ing and ap­pli­ca­tions based on the data avail­able from beam di­ag­nos­tic in­stru­ments and input sig­nals con­trol­ling the ion source. As a first proof of prin­ci­ple, we im­ple­mented a closed-loop op­ti­miza­tion soft­ware con­troller based on bi-ob­jec­tive Ge­netic Op­ti­miza­tion*. As one prop­erty for op­ti­miza­tion we used the ion beam cur­rent mea­sured with a Fara­day-cup de­tec­tor. As sec­ond op­ti­miza­tion-prop­erty we the on-line processed time-re­solved sig­nal of the in­di­vid­ual ion-source pulses em­ploy­ing the rel­a­tively new Ma­trix-Pro­file Al­go­rithm** which pro­vides a mea­sure for the shot-by-shot vari­abil­ity of the con­sec­u­tive pulses. We will re­port on the sta­tus of the data log­ging frame­work, the im­ple­men­ta­tion of re­lated soft­ware pro­grams and the re­sults of first tests.
* Wilhelmstötter, F.: Jenetics advanced genetic algorithm, online http://jenetics.io
** Matrix Profile Foundation. Homepage, online https://github.com/matrix-profile-foundation 		 
poster icon Poster TUPAB300 [5.485 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB300  
About • paper received ※ 01 June 2021       paper accepted ※ 21 June 2021       issue date ※ 16 August 2021  
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TUPAB304 Preliminary Investigation of the Noises and Updates on Physics Studies of FOFB in HEPS power-supply, storage-ring, lattice, factory 2197
 
  • X.Y. Huang, Y. Jiao, Y. Wei
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  
  High En­ergy Pho­ton Source (HEPS) is a Fourth-gen­er­a­tion stor­age ring light source in China and is under con­struc­tion. Noises, such as the am­bi­ent me­chan­i­cal vi­bra­tion and the power sup­ply rip­ples of mag­nets, may in­duce large orbit mo­tions of elec­tron bunches and hence dra­mat­i­cally de­grade the emit­ted pho­ton beam qual­ity. The ef­fect of noises be­comes sig­nif­i­cant and needs to be con­sid­ered very care­fully, es­pe­cially when the emit­tances of the elec­tron beam ap­proach the dif­frac­tion limit of x-ray. For the HEPS, the noises are mod­elled and the total beam orbit mo­tion is eval­u­ated con­sid­er­ing the spec­tral char­ac­ter­is­tics of all the trans­for­ma­tion processes from the er­rors to the orbit. In this paper, we pre­sent the pre­lim­i­nary cal­cu­la­tion of the ef­fects of noises in HEPS, and the con­trol of the orbit mo­tion with the FOFB sys­tem.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB304  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 July 2021       issue date ※ 16 August 2021  
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TUPAB306 Status of Beam-Based Feedback Research and Development for Continuous Wave SRF Linac ELBE electron, feedback, cavity, LLRF 2200
 
  • A. Maalberg, M. Kuntzsch
    HZDR, Dresden, Germany
  • E. Petlenkov
    TalTech, Tallinn, Estonia
  
  The su­per­con­duct­ing elec­tron lin­ear ac­cel­er­a­tor ELBE at Helmholtz-Zen­trum Dres­den-Rossendorf is a ver­sa­tile light source op­er­ated in con­tin­u­ous wave mode. As the de­mand on the beam sta­bil­ity in­creases, the im­prove­ment of the beam con­trol schemes cur­rently in­stalled at ELBE be­comes highly rel­e­vant. This im­prove­ment can be achieved by an up­grade of the ex­ist­ing dig­i­tal Mi­croTCA.4-based LLRF con­trol scheme by beam-based feed­back. By pre­sent­ing both the de­sign and im­ple­men­ta­tion de­tails of the new con­trol scheme this con­tri­bu­tion re­ports the sta­tus of the work in progress.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB306  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 21 June 2021       issue date ※ 30 August 2021  
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TUPAB310 Establishing a Metrological Reference Network for the Alignment of Sirius network, alignment, survey, laser 2214
 
  • H. Geraissate, G.R. Rovigatti de Oliveira
    LNLS, Campinas, Brazil
  • R. Junqueira Leão
    CNPEM, Campinas, SP, Brazil
  
  Sir­ius is the Brazil­ian 4th gen­er­a­tion syn­chro­tron light source. It con­sists of three elec­tron ac­cel­er­a­tors and it has room for up to 38 beam­lines. To make the align­ment of Sir­ius com­po­nents pos­si­ble, there is a need for a net­work of points com­pris­ing the in­stal­la­tion vol­ume, al­low­ing the lo­ca­tion of portable co­or­di­nate in­stru­ments on a com­mon ref­er­ence frame. This work de­scribes the de­vel­op­ment of such net­works for the whole Sir­ius fa­cil­ity. The lay­out of the net­works is pre­sented to­gether with the sur­vey strate­gies. De­tails are given on how the cal­cu­la­tions com­bined laser track­ers and op­ti­cal level mea­sure­ments data and how the Earth cur­va­ture com­pen­sa­tion was per­formed. A novel laser tracker ori­en­ta­tion tech­nique ap­plied for link­ing net­works on dif­fer­ent en­vi­ron­ments is also pre­sented. Fi­nally, the un­cer­tainty es­ti­ma­tion for the re­sult­ing net­work and its de­for­ma­tion his­tory is shown.  
poster icon Poster TUPAB310 [4.084 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB310  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 07 June 2021       issue date ※ 21 August 2021  
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TUPAB311 Nonlinear Correctors Tuning for the Collector Ring Isochronous Mode sextupole, betatron, optics, proton 2218
 
  • M.A. Lyalin, I. Koop, D.B. Shwartz
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
  • I. Koop, M.A. Lyalin, D.B. Shwartz
    NSU, Novosibirsk, Russia
  
  One of the op­er­at­ing modes for the Col­lec­tor Ring (CR) under con­struc­tion in Darm­stadt is the isochro­nous mode, in which the cap­tured ions cir­cu­late with an equal pe­riod re­gard­less of their mo­men­tum. The mea­sure­ment of the or­bital pe­riod T by the time-of-flight sen­sors makes it pos­si­ble to pre­cisely de­ter­mine the mass to the charge ratio of the ion under study. For this, the change of the cir­cu­la­tion pe­riod dT should not ex­ceed 1·10-6 for dT/T in the en­tire mo­men­tum ac­cep­tance of the 0.62%. Mod­el­ing in the Strate­gic Ac­cel­er­a­tor De­sign code showed that with­out non­lin­ear ef­fects com­pen­sa­tion, the or­bital pe­riod vari­a­tion is 1·10-5. In this work, the pa­ra­me­ters of non­lin­ear cor­rec­tors, which are sex­tupoles and oc­tupoles in CR, are de­ter­mined, nec­es­sary for the isochro­nous mode im­ple­men­ta­tion.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB311  
About • paper received ※ 29 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 16 June 2021       issue date ※ 14 August 2021  
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TUPAB314 SPS Personnel Protection System: From Design to Commissioning site, operation, MMI, PLC 2224
 
  • T. Ladzinski, T. Hakulinen, F. Havart, V. Martins De Sousa Dos Rios, M. Munoz Codoceo, P. Ninin, J.P. Ridewood, E. Sanchez-Corral Mena, D. Vaxelaire
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  
  Dur­ing the sec­ond long shut­down (LS2) of the ac­cel­er­a­tor com­plex at CERN, the ac­cess sys­tem of the Super Pro­ton Syn­chro­tron (SPS) was com­pletely ren­o­vated. This com­plex pro­ject was mo­ti­vated by the tech­ni­cal ob­so­les­cence and lack of suf­fi­cient re­dun­dancy in the ex­ist­ing sys­tem, as well as by the need for ho­mogeni­sa­tion of tech­nolo­gies and prac­tices across the dif­fer­ent ma­chines at CERN. The new Per­son­nel Pro­tec­tion Sys­tem in­cludes 16 state-of-the-art ac­cess points mak­ing sure that only fully iden­ti­fied, trained and au­tho­rised per­son­nel can enter the fa­cil­ity and an in­ter­lock sys­tem with a ra­tio­nal­ized num­ber of safety chains de­signed to meet the cur­rent safety stan­dards. The con­trol part is based on Siemens 1500 se­ries of pro­gram­ma­ble logic con­trollers, com­ple­mented by a tech­no­log­i­cally di­verse relay logic loop for the crit­i­cal safety func­tions. This paper pre­sents the new sys­tem and the de­sign choices made to per­mit fast in­stal­la­tion in a pe­riod where the ac­cess sys­tem it­self was heav­ily used to allow vast up­grades of the SPS ac­cel­er­a­tor and its in­fra­struc­ture. It also cov­ers the ver­i­fi­ca­tion and val­i­da­tion method­ol­ogy and lessons learned dur­ing the com­mis­sion­ing phase.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB314  
About • paper received ※ 14 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 10 June 2021       issue date ※ 22 August 2021  
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TUPAB318 The Beamline Safety Interlock System of Taiwan Photon Source radiation, vacuum, photon, synchrotron-radiation 2239
 
  • C.F. Chang, C.Y. Chang, C.Y. Liu, H.Y. Yan
    NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
  
  The en­ergy of syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion gen­er­ated by bremsstrahlung ra­di­a­tion and mag­net is rather high, which may cause se­ri­ous ra­di­a­tion dam­age to human body or even im­peril peo­ple’s life. The beam­line there­fore must be equipped with ra­di­a­tion-pro­tec­tion sys­tem; in ad­di­tion, the over­heat of op­ti­cal com­po­nents ex­posed to syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion will lead to the dam­age of op­ti­cal com­po­nents and de­vices. In con­se­quence, the beam­line should be fur­nished with the cool­ing-pro­tec­tion sys­tem to cool down op­ti­cal com­po­nents and de­vices. The Beam­line Safety In­ter­lock Sys­tem tar­gets at pro­tect­ing the per­son­nel and the safety of de­vices, lim­it­ing the ra­di­a­tion dose to a se­cu­rity value for ex­per­i­men­tal per­son­nel or staffs ex­pos­ing to ra­di­a­tion on the site as well as pre­vent­ing beam­line com­po­nents from being ex­posed to over­heat or vac­uum dam­ages to im­prove the ef­fec­tive­ness of beam­line.  
poster icon Poster TUPAB318 [3.440 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB318  
About • paper received ※ 09 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 10 June 2021       issue date ※ 31 August 2021  
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TUPAB319 SNS Credited Beam Power Limit System Preliminary Design PLC, timing, target, dipole 2242
 
  • C. Deibele
    ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  • K.L. Mahoney
    ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  
  The Con­trols Group at the Spal­la­tion Neu­tron Source (SNS) is de­sign­ing a pro­gram­ma­ble sig­nal proces­sor based cred­ited safety con­trol that cal­cu­lates pulsed beam power based on beam ki­netic en­ergy and charge. The sys­tem must re­li­ably shut off the beam if the av­er­age power ex­ceeds 2.145 MW av­er­aged over 60 sec­onds. This paper dis­cusses ar­chi­tec­ture and de­sign choices needed to de­velop the sys­tem under the aus­pices of a pro­gram­ma­ble ra­di­a­tion-safety credit con­trol.  
poster icon Poster TUPAB319 [1.925 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB319  
About • paper received ※ 16 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 July 2021       issue date ※ 25 August 2021  
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TUPAB322 Redesign and Upgrade of the LHC Access Control System site, interface, hardware, PLC 2249
 
  • T. Hakulinen, S. Di Luca, G. Godineau, R. Nunes, G. Smith
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  
  The old LHC Ac­cess Con­trol Sys­tem (LACS) was based on a sin­gle ac­cess con­trol so­lu­tion, which in­te­grated soft­ware and hard­ware into one mono­lithic ap­pli­ca­tion en­com­pass­ing all the dif­fer­ent sub­sys­tems (ac­cess con­trol, video sur­veil­lance, in­ter­phones, bio­m­e­try, equip­ment con­trol, safety el­e­ments). Both the hard­ware and soft­ware were ap­proach­ing end-of-life by the ven­dor be­fore the CERN Long Shut­down 2 (LS2). The new de­sign is based on a dis­trib­uted ap­proach, where the dif­fer­ent sub­sys­tems are in­te­grated in a flex­i­ble man­ner with well-de­fined in­ter­faces, which will per­mit much eas­ier sin­gle sub-sys­tem man­age­ment, up­grades, and even full re­place­ments if nec­es­sary. From the sys­tem point of view, the focus is on the ad­van­tages that this re­design brings to sys­tem op­er­a­tion, test­ing, and man­age­ment. Pro­ce­du­rally the in­ter­est is in the over­all man­age­ment of a very com­plex in-place up­grade of a sys­tem, where the new im­ple­men­ta­tion needed to co­ex­ist with the old dur­ing its con­stant si­mul­ta­ne­ous so­lic­i­ta­tion over the LS2.  
poster icon Poster TUPAB322 [6.906 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB322  
About • paper received ※ 15 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 28 May 2021       issue date ※ 28 August 2021  
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TUPAB327 Developing Robust Digital Twins and Reinforcement Learning for Accelerator Control Systems at the Fermilab Booster network, booster, power-supply, FPGA 2268
 
  • D.L. Kafkes
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  • M. Schram
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  
  Funding: This research was sponsored by the Fermilab Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program under Project ID FNAL-LDRD-2019-027: Accelerator Control with Artificial Intelligence.
We de­scribe the of­fline ma­chine learn­ing (ML) de­vel­op­ment for an ef­fort to pre­cisely reg­u­late the Gra­di­ent Mag­net Power Sup­ply (GMPS) at the Fer­mi­lab Booster ac­cel­er­a­tor com­plex via a Field-Pro­gram­ma­ble Gate Array (FPGA). As part of this ef­fort, we cre­ated a dig­i­tal twin of the Booster-GMPS con­trol sys­tem by train­ing a Long Short-Term Mem­ory (LSTM) to cap­ture its full dy­nam­ics. We out­line the path we took to care­fully val­i­date our dig­i­tal twin be­fore de­ploy­ing it as a re­in­force­ment learn­ing (RL) en­vi­ron­ment. Ad­di­tion­ally, we demon­strate the use of a Deep Q-Net­work (DQN) pol­icy model with the ca­pa­bil­ity to reg­u­late the GMPS against re­al­is­tic time-vary­ing per­tur­ba­tions. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB327  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 22 June 2021       issue date ※ 20 August 2021  
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TUPAB346 Development of a 500-MHz 150-kW Solid-State Power Amplifier for High Energy Photon Source GUI, cavity, photon, booster 2312
 
  • Y.L. Luo, T.M. Huang, J. Li, H.Y. Lin, Q. Ma, Q.Y. Wang, P. Zhang, F.C. Zhao
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  
  A 500-MHz 150-kW solid-state power am­pli­fier (SSA) has been de­vel­oped to test the 500-MHz nor­mal con­duct­ing cav­i­ties for High En­ergy Pho­ton Source (HEPS) booster ring. It will also be used to power nor­mal con­duct­ing cav­i­ties in the ini­tial beam com­mis­sion­ing stage of the HEPS stor­age ring. A total num­ber of 96 am­pli­fier mod­ules are com­bined ini­tially by coax­ial and later by wave­guide com­bin­ers to de­liver the 150-kW RF power. The final out­put is of EIA stan­dard WR1800 rec­tan­gu­lar wave­guide. Each am­pli­fier mod­ule con­sists four tran­sis­tors equipped with in­di­vid­ual cir­cu­la­tor and load and out­puts 2-kW RF power. Mod­u­lar­ity, re­dun­dancy and sat­is­fac­tory RF per­for­mance are demon­strated. In the final stage of HEPS pro­ject, this 150-kW am­pli­fier will be mod­i­fied to a 100-kW am­pli­fier to join the other five 100-kW SSAs for nor­mal op­er­a­tion of the booster cav­i­ties. The de­vel­op­ment and test re­sults are pre­sented in this paper.  
poster icon Poster TUPAB346 [1.870 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB346  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 21 June 2021       issue date ※ 15 August 2021  
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TUPAB347 Development of a 166-MHz 260-kW Solid-State Power Amplifier for High Energy Photon Source photon, status, power-supply, cavity 2315
 
  • Y.L. Luo, T.M. Huang, J. Li, H.Y. Lin, Q. Ma, Q.Y. Wang, P. Zhang, F.C. Zhao
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  
  166-MHz 260-kW solid-state power am­pli­fiers have been cho­sen to drive the 166.6-MHz su­per­con­duct­ing cav­i­ties for the stor­age ring of High En­ergy Pho­ton Source. Highly mod­u­lar yet com­pact are de­sired. A total num­ber of 112 am­pli­fier mod­ules of 3 kW each are com­bined in a multi-stage power com­bin­ing topol­ogy. The final out­put is of 9-3/16" 50 Ω coax­ial rigid line. Each am­pli­fier mod­ule con­sists of 3 LDMOS tran­sis­tors with in­di­vid­ual cir­cu­la­tor and load. Ther­mal sim­u­la­tions of the am­pli­fier mod­ule have been con­ducted to op­ti­mize cool­ing ca­pa­bil­i­ties for both trav­el­ling-wave and full-re­flec­tion op­er­a­tion sce­nar­ios. High ef­fi­ciency, suf­fi­cient re­dun­dancy and ex­cel­lent RF per­for­mances of the 260-kW sys­tem are demon­strated. A con­trol sys­tem is also in­te­grated and EPICS is used to man­age the mon­i­tored data. The de­sign and test re­sults of the am­pli­fier sys­tem are pre­sented in this paper.  
poster icon Poster TUPAB347 [1.972 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB347  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 21 June 2021       issue date ※ 29 August 2021  
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TUPAB349 High Efficiency, Low Cost RF Sources for Accelerators and Colliders cavity, klystron, simulation, electron 2322
 
  • R.L. Ives, T. Bui, G. Collins, H. Freund, T.W. Habermann, D. Marsden, M.E. Read
    CCR, San Mateo, California, USA
  • B.E. Chase, J. Reid
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  • N. Chaudhary, J.R. Conant, T. Cox, R. Ho, C. McVey, C.M. Walker
    CPI, Palo Alto, California, USA
  • J.C. Frisch, L. Ma
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  • A. Jensen
    Leidos Corp, Billerica, MA, USA
  • J.M. Potter
    JP Accelerator Works, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
  • W. Sessions
    Georgia Tech Research Institute, Smyrna, Georgia, USA
  
  Funding: U.S. Department of Energy
Cal­abazas Creek Re­search, Inc. (CCR) and its col­lab­o­ra­tors are de­vel­op­ing high ef­fi­ciency, low cost RF sources. Phase and Am­pli­tude Con­trolled Mag­netrons: CCR, Fer­mi­lab, and Com­mu­ni­ca­tions & Power In­dus­tries, LLC (CPI) re­cently de­vel­oped a 100 kW, 1.3 GHz mag­netron sys­tem with am­pli­tude and phase con­trol. The sys­tem op­er­ated at more than 80% ef­fi­ciency and demon­strated rapid con­trol of am­pli­tude and phase. Mul­ti­ple Beam Tri­odes: CCR, in col­lab­o­ra­tion with CPI and JP Ac­cel­er­a­tor Works, Inc., is de­vel­op­ing 200 kW, pulsed and CW RF sources from 350 to 700 MHz with pro­jected ef­fi­cien­cies ex­ceed­ing 80% and cost of $0.50/Watt. Pro­to­type tubes are sched­uled for tests in spring 2021. High Ef­fi­ciency Kly­strons:CCR, CPI, and Lei­dos, Inc. are build­ing a 1.3 GHz, 100 kW kly­stron op­er­at­ing at 80% ef­fi­ciency. High power test­ing is sched­uled for sum­mer 2021. Mul­ti­ple Beam IOTs: CCR and Geor­gia Tech Re­search In­sti­tute are de­vel­op­ing MBIOTs with sim­pli­fied input cou­pling and high ef­fi­ciency. Sim­u­la­tions in­di­cate that 3rd har­monic drive power can in­crease the ef­fi­ciency 8-10 %. The pro­gram is de­vel­op­ing a pro­to­type tube to pro­duce 200 kW peak, 100 kW av­er­age power at 704 MHz. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB349  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 01 June 2021       issue date ※ 27 August 2021  
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TUPAB351 The Progress of 300 kW Home-Made Fully Solid-State Transmitter for TPS power-supply, ISOL, operation, HOM 2328
 
  • T.-C. Yu, F.Y. Chang, M.H. Chang, S.W. Chang, L.J. Chen, F.-T. Chung, Y.D. Li, M.-C. Lin, Z.K. Liu, C.H. Lo, Ch. Wang, M.-S. Yeh
    NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
  
  To sup­port the sta­ble op­er­a­tion of Tai­wan Pho­ton Source (TPS) with 500mA beam cur­rent and the in-creas­ing beam line con­struc­tion, a 3rd RF plant is thus con­structed for such de­mand. The RF power source of the other 2 RF plants adopts kly­stron type trans­mit­ter and the 3rd RF plants is trans­ferred to new tech­nol­ogy of solid-state for bet­ter re­dun­dancy and eas­ier mainte-nance. Base on the suc­cess of solid-state power am­pli-fier de­vel­op­ment in 2020, a 3rd RF power source is thus de­cided to be made in house by solid-state tech-nol­ogy. The 500MHz 300kW solid-state trans­mit­ter is con­structed by 4 80 kW solid-state power am­pli­fier (SSPA) tow­ers and power com­bined by 3 WR1800 3-dB hy­brid cou­plers. Each tower is con­sisted of 110 850W final stage SSPA mod­ules with 4 100W pre-am­pli­fiers and 6 600W drive am­pli­fiers. The pre and drive am­pli­fiers are power com­bined for higher re­dun-dancy. The DC power are eco­nom­i­cal in­dus­trial 48V AC-DC rack mount power sup­plies which are par­al­lel con­nected for higher total DC power and best re­dun-dancy. The ar­chi­tec­ture and pre­sent progress are pre-sented in this ar­ti­cle.  
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DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB351  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 11 June 2021       issue date ※ 20 August 2021  
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TUPAB353 Remote Commissioning of 400 kW 352 MHz Amplifiers power-supply, real-time, MMI, PLC 2332
 
  • C. Pasotti, A. Cuttin, A. Fabris
    Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy
  • A. Frizzi, G. Zardi
    Itelco Broadcast Srl, Orvieto (TR), Italy
  • M. Rossi
    DB Science, Padova, Italy
  
  In the frame­work of the Eu­ro­pean Spal­la­tion Source ERIC (ESS ERIC) In-Kind col­lab­o­ra­tion, Elet­tra Sin­cro­trone Tri­este has the task to de­liver 26 400 kW 352 MHz Radio Fre­quency Power Sta­tion (RFPS) units. They will feed the Spoke Cav­i­ties sec­tion of the pro­ton Linac. The RFPS man­u­fac­tur­ing con­tract has been awarded to the Eu­ro­pean Sci­ence So­lu­tions con­sor­tium (ESS-C) gained the. The pro­duc­tion of the am­pli­fiers is well un­der­way and it has reached a steady rate of de­liv­ery. Each RFPS is sub­ject to a Fac­tory Ac­cep­tance Test (FAT). In this con­tri­bu­tion, the main re­sults of the FATs are pre­sented, to­gether with the FAT re­mote ses­sion pro­to­col. This pro­to­col has been specif­i­cally de­vel­oped to cope with the trav­el­ing and in per­sons meet­ing re­stric­tions im­posed by the COVID-19 pan­demic.  
poster icon Poster TUPAB353 [2.675 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB353  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 23 June 2021       issue date ※ 17 August 2021  
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TUPAB354 352-MHz Solid State RF System Development at the Advanced Photon Source cavity, GUI, PLC, klystron 2335
 
  • D. Horan, D.J. Bromberek, N.P. DiMonte, A. Goel, T.J. Madden, A. Nassiri, G. Trento, G.J. Waldschmidt
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
  
  De­vel­op­ment ef­fort is un­der­way on a 352MHz, 200kW solid state rf sys­tem in­tended as the base de­sign to re­place the ex­ist­ing kly­stron-based rf sys­tems presently in use at the Ad­vanced Pho­ton Source (APS). A six­teen-in­put, 200kW final com­bin­ing cav­ity was de­signed, built, and suc­cess­fully tested to 29kW CW in com­biner mode, and to 200kW CW in back-feed mode, where an ex­ter­nal kly­stron was used to trans­mit power into the com­bin­ing cav­ity. A four-port wave­guide com­biner was also tested in both back­feed and com­biner mode to 193kW and 26kW re­spec­tively. Slow and fast in­ter­lock sys­tems were de­signed and im­ple­mented to sup­port the test­ing process. An EPICS and Pro­gram­ma­ble Logic Con­troller (PLC)-based sys­tem was de­vel­oped to con­trol, com­mu­ni­cate with, and mon­i­tor the rf am­pli­fiers used in the com­biner-mode test, and to mon­i­tor and log sys­tem per­for­mance pa­ra­me­ters re­lat­ing to the com­bin­ing cav­ity. Low-level rf con­trol of the cav­ity in 29kW com­biner-mode op­er­a­tion was achieved using the ex­ist­ing APS ana­log low-level rf hard­ware. Test data and de­sign de­tails are pre­sented.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB354  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 31 May 2021       issue date ※ 19 August 2021  
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TUPAB374 Development of a Quench Detection System for the FAIR Superconducting Devices quadrupole, superconducting-magnet, electron, interface 2394
 
  • V. Raginel, M. Dziewiecki, W. Freisleben, P.B. Szwangruber, L. Theiner
    GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
  
  The Fa­cil­ity for An­tipro­ton and Ion Re­search (FAIR), which is presently under con­struc­tion in Darm­stadt (Ger­many), will in­cor­po­rate a large va­ri­ety of su­per­con­duct­ing de­vices like mag­nets, cur­rents leads and bus bars. These com­po­nents de­pend on an ac­tive pro­tec­tion in case of a tran­si­tion from su­per­con­duct­ing to the re­sis­tive state, so-called quench. In this frame­work, a FAIR Quench De­tec­tion Sys­tem (F-QDS) is being de­vel­oped based on ana­log and dig­i­tal elec­tron­ics and will be im­ple­mented in sev­eral ma­chines of the FAIR com­plex. This paper de­scribes the de­vel­op­ment of the F-QDS. An overview of the F-QDS elec­tron­ics is given fol­lowed by a de­scrip­tion of the sys­tem in­te­gra­tion to the in­fra­struc­ture of var­i­ous ma­chines. Ini­tial test re­sults of the F-QDS pro­to­type sys­tem are pre­sented and dis­cussed.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB374  
About • paper received ※ 25 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 05 July 2021       issue date ※ 22 August 2021  
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TUPAB388 Efficiency, Power Loss, and Power Factor Measurement of Quadrupole Magnet Power Supplies at the Spallation Neutron Source power-supply, linac, quadrupole, neutron 2428
 
  • S. Harave
    ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  • B. Morris
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  
  The lin­ear ac­cel­er­a­tor (LINAC) quadru­pole mag­nets are pow­ered by 42 sil­i­con-con­trolled rec­ti­fier (SCR) based power sup­plies at the Spal­la­tion Neu­tron Source (SNS) fa­cil­ity of Oak Ridge Na­tional Lab­o­ra­tory. These 35V, 525A power sup­plies are bulky, in­ef­fi­cient and re­quire both air and water cool­ing. The re­li­a­bil­ity of the SNS fa­cil­ity is im­pacted due to water leaks in­ter­nal to power sup­plies and cur­rent read­back is­sues as­so­ci­ated with their unique con­trol sys­tem in­ter­face, re­sult­ing in mul­ti­ple down­time events. Hence, an al­ter­nate so­lu­tion is nec­es­sary for the con­tin­ued re­li­able op­er­a­tion of the SNS. To mit­i­gate the above-men­tioned prob­lems, this paper pro­poses the use of off-the-shelf Switch Mode Power Sup­plies (SMPS) rated for 20V, 500A with se­r­ial con­trol in­ter­face. These SMPS are air-cooled, more ef­fi­cient and more com­pact owing to their switch­ing speeds of ap­prox­i­mately 160 kHz. The per­for­mance en­hance­ments of the SMPS in com­par­i­son with the ex­ist­ing SCR power sup­ply are dis­cussed in de­tail in this paper. The fea­tures of the SMPS, along with ex­per­i­men­tal re­sults for both power sup­plies, like ef­fi­ciency, power losses and sta­bil­ity, are pre­sented. On­go­ing work is also dis­cussed.  
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DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB388  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 31 May 2021       issue date ※ 17 August 2021  
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TUPAB389 High Precision Four Quadrant Converter with GaN Technology simulation, operation, power-supply, damping 2431
 
  • M. Incurvati, T. Margreiter, R. Stärz
    MCI, Innsbruck, Austria
  • T. Riedler
    NTUT, Taipei City, Taiwan
  
  New pro­ton ther­apy fa­cil­i­ties for the cure of tu­mors as well as high-en­ergy pho­ton sources are cur­rently being in­stalled all around the world. In this field, the re­quest for spe­cial power sup­plies for cor­rec­tor, scan­ning, and quadru­pole mag­nets are in­creas­ing. For these ap­pli­ca­tions, manda­tory re­quire­ments are high band­width and cur­rent sta­bil­ity as well as low out­put rip­ple which are con­flict­ing con­straints. A fea­si­bil­ity study, pro­to­type de­vel­op­ment, mea­sure­ments, and in­ves­ti­ga­tions on the con­trol method­ol­ogy of a wide-bandgap GaN semi­con­duc­tor-based power mod­ule is pre­sented in the paper. The de­vel­oped power mod­ule fea­tures the fol­low­ing char­ac­ter­is­tics: Eu­ro­card stan­dard PCB, bipo­lar 4Q op­er­a­tion, min­i­mum switch­ing fre­quency 100 kHz, band­width 5 kHz, out­put volt­age and cur­rent up to 200 V / 8 A, out­put cur­rent rip­ple <20 ppm. The en­listed char­ac­ter­is­tics make it suit­able for high in­duc­tive loads re­quir­ing fast tran­sients (scan­ning mag­nets). An RST con­troller will be de­vel­oped and a sys­tem iden­ti­fi­ca­tion ap­proach to the trans­fer func­tion of two par­al­lel-con­nected power mod­ules will be pre­sented along with sim­u­la­tions as­sess­ing the per­for­mance.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB389  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 25 June 2021       issue date ※ 21 August 2021  
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TUPAB393 Study of Remote Helium Mass Spectrometer Leak Detection in Accelerator vacuum, gun, detector, operation 2441
 
  • H.Y. He, D.H. Zhu
    IHEP CSNS, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
  • J.M. Liu
    DNSC, Dongguan, People’s Republic of China
  
  In order to solve the prob­lem that the vac­uum sys­tem of the ac­cel­er­a­tor can’t be close to the op­er­a­tion for a long time, a long-dis­tance he­lium mass spec­trom­e­ter leak de­tec­tion sys­tem is ex­plored by study­ing the struc­ture of the con­ven­tional round tube vac­uum box of the vac­uum sys­tem, which in­te­grates the on­line vac­uum leak de­tec­tion, de­fect di­ag­no­sis and process de­sign, im­proves the dig­i­tal op­er­a­tion, re­al­izes the ac­cu­rate and ef­fec­tive de­tec­tion of the leak lo­ca­tion range and leak rate, and pro­vides the tech­nol­ogy for the re­mote leak de­tec­tion of the vac­uum sys­tem. Sup­port.  
poster icon Poster TUPAB393 [0.666 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB393  
About • paper received ※ 13 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 31 May 2021       issue date ※ 10 August 2021  
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TUPAB405 Design of High Energy Linac for Generation of Isotopes for Medical Applications linac, electron, target, gun 2472
 
  • A.P. Deshpande, S.R. Bhat, T.S. Dixit, P.S. Jadhav, A.S. Kottawar, R. Krishnan, M.S. Kumbhare, J. Mishra, C.S. Nainwad, S.R. Name, R. Sandeep Kumar, A. Shaikh, K.A. Thakur, M.M. Vidwans, A. Waingankar
    SAMEER, Mumbai, India
  • A.K. Mishra
    INMAS, New Delhi, India
  • N. Upadhyay
    University of Mumbai, Mumbai, India
  
  Funding: Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY), Govt. of India.
After suc­cess­ful im­ple­men­ta­tion of 6 and 15 MeV elec­tron lin­ear ac­cel­er­a­tor (linac) tech­nol­ogy for Can­cer Ther­apy in India, we ini­ti­ated the de­vel­op­ment of high en­ergy high cur­rent ac­cel­er­a­tor for the pro­duc­tion of ra­dioiso­topes for di­ag­nos­tic ap­pli­ca­tions. The ac­cel­er­a­tor will be of 30 MeV en­ergy with 350 µA av­er­age cur­rent pro­vided by a grid­ded gun. The linac is a side cou­pled stand­ing wave ac­cel­er­a­tor op­er­at­ing at 2998 MHz fre­quency op­er­at­ing at p/2 mode. The choice of p/2 op­er­at­ing mode is par­tic­u­larly suit­able for this case where the rep­e­ti­tion rate will be around 400 Hz. Kly­stron with 7 MW peak power and 36 kW av­er­age power will be used as the RF source. The mod­u­la­tor will be a solid-state mod­u­la­tor. The con­trol sys­tem is FPGA based setup de­vel­oped in-house at SAMEER. A re­tractable tar­get with tung­sten will be used as a con­verter to gen­er­ate X-rays via bremsstrahlung. The x-rays will then in­ter­act with en­riched 100Mo tar­get to pro­duce 99Mo via (g, n) re­ac­tion. Eluted 99mTc will be used for di­ag­nos­tic ap­pli­ca­tions. The paper lists the chal­lenges and novel schemes de­vel­oped at SAMEER to make a com­pact, rugged, and easy to use sys­tem keep­ing in mind local con­di­tions. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB405  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 23 June 2021       issue date ※ 02 September 2021  
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WEPAB042 Linac-200: A New Electron Test Beam Facility at JINR electron, linac, gun, klystron 2697
 
  • M.A. Nozdrin, M. Gostkin, V. Kobets, Y.A. Samofalova, G. Shirkov, A. Trifonov, K. Yunenko, A. Zhemchugov
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  
  Com­mis­sion­ing of a new elec­tron test beam fa­cil­ity Linac-200 comes to the end at JINR (Dubna, Rus­sia). The core of the fa­cil­ity is a re­fur­bished MEA ac­cel­er­a­tor from NIKHEF. The key ac­cel­er­a­tor sub­sys­tems in­clud­ing con­trols, vac­uum, pre­cise tem­per­a­ture reg­u­la­tion were re­designed or deeply up­graded. The fa­cil­ity pro­vides elec­tron beams with en­ergy up to 200 MeV while the beam cur­rent vary­ing smoothly from 40 mA down to al­most zero (sin­gle elec­trons in a bunch). The main goal of the fa­cil­ity is pro­vid­ing test beams for par­ti­cle de­tec­tor R&D, stud­ies of novel ap­proaches to the beam di­ag­nos­tics, and ed­u­ca­tion and train­ing of grad­u­ate and post­grad­u­ate stu­dents. The cur­rent sta­tus and op­er­a­tion pa­ra­me­ters of the fa­cil­ity will be re­ported.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB042  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 23 June 2021       issue date ※ 23 August 2021  
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WEPAB071 Design and Construction of an Intense Terahertz-Wave Source Based on Coherent Cherenkov Radiation Matched to Circle Plane Wave radiation, electron, FEL, experiment 2751
 
  • N. Sei, H. Ogawa
    AIST, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
  • K. Hayakawa, Y. Hayakawa, K. Nogami, T. Sakai, Y. Sumitomo, Y. Takahashi, T. Tanaka
    LEBRA, Funabashi, Japan
  • T. Takahashi
    Kyoto University, Research Reactor Institute, Osaka, Japan
  
  Funding: This work was supported by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science KAKENHI JP19H04406 and the Visiting Researchers Program of Kyoto University Research Reactor Institute (R2013).
Na­tional In­sti­tute of Ad­vanced In­dus­trial Sci­ence and Tech­nol­ogy has been stud­ied ter­a­hertz (THz) co­her­ent ra­di­a­tion in col­lab­o­ra­tion with Nihon Uni­ver­sity and Kyoto Uni­ver­sity. We have been de­vel­oped a co­her­ent tran­si­tion ra­di­a­tion (CTR) source with macropulse power of 1 mJ using a screen mon­i­tor in the para­met­ric X-ray line at Lab­o­ra­tory for Elec­tron Beam Re­search and Ap­pli­ca­tion (LEBRA) in Nihon Uni­ver­sity. How­ever, to ob­tain a THz-wave source with higher in­ten­sity, we have un­der­taken a de­vel­op­ment of a new THz-wave source based on co­her­ent Cherenkov ra­di­a­tion (CCR) matched to cir­cle plane wave. By­pass­ing an elec­tron beam through a hol­low con­i­cal di­elec­tric hav­ing an apex angle equal to the Cherenkov angle, the wave­front of the CCR gen­er­ated on the inner sur­face of the hol­low con­i­cal di­elec­tric matches on the basal plane. There­fore, it is pos­si­ble to ob­tain a high-power beam that is easy to trans­port. We have al­ready pro­duced a hol­low con­i­cal di­elec­tric made of high-re­sis­tiv­ity sil­i­con and con­sid­ered a po­si­tion con­troller for the hol­low con­i­cal di­elec­tric. In this pre­sen­ta­tion, the sta­tus of the new THz-wave source will be re­ported. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB071  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 22 June 2021       issue date ※ 21 August 2021  
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WEPAB073 An Overview of the Radio-Frequency System for an Inverse Compton X-Ray Source Based on CLIC Technology klystron, LLRF, network, laser 2759
 
  • T.G. Lucas, O.J. Luiten, P.H.A. Mutsaers, X.F.D. Stragier, H.A. Van Doorn, F.M. van Setten, H.J.M. van den Heuvel, M.L.M.C. van der Sluis
    TUE, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
  
  Funding: This project is financed by the "Interreg V programme Flanders-Netherlands" with financial support of the European Fund for Regional Development.
Com­pact in­verse Comp­ton scat­ter­ing X-ray sources are gain­ing in pop­u­lar­ity as the fu­ture of lab-based x-ray sources. Smart*Light is one such fa­cil­ity, under com­mis­sion­ing at Eind­hoven Uni­ver­sity of Tech­nol­ogy (TU/e), which is based on high gra­di­ent X-band tech­nol­ogy orig­i­nally de­signed for the Com­pact Lin­ear Col­lider (CLIC) and its test stands lo­cated at CERN. Crit­i­cal to the beam qual­ity is the RF sys­tem which aims to de­liver 10-24 MW RF pulses at rep­e­ti­tion rates up to 1 kHz with a high am­pli­tude and phase sta­bil­ity of <0.5\% and <0.65~° al­low­ing it to ad­here to strict syn­chronic­ity con­di­tions at the in­ter­ac­tion point. This work overviews the de­sign of the high power and low level RF sys­tems for Smart*Light. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB073  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 23 June 2021       issue date ※ 29 August 2021  
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WEPAB131 Magnetic Tuning and Installation Modifications of U48 Undulator for the Delhi Light Source (DLS) undulator, electron, vacuum, focusing 2918
 
  • M. Tischer, P. Neumann, A. Schöps, P. Vagin, T. Vielitz, T. Wohlenberg
    DESY, Hamburg, Germany
  • M. Aggarwal, R.N. Dutt, S. Ghosh, J. Karmakar, S. Sahu
    IUAC, New Delhi, India
  • J. Bahrdt, E.C.M. Rial
    HZB, Berlin, Germany
  
  A com­pact THz ra­di­a­tion fa­cil­ity based on the prin­ci­ple of a pre-bunched Free Elec­tron Laser, called Delhi Light Source (DLS) is at the final stage of com­mis­sion­ing at IUAC, New Delhi, India. For gen­er­a­tion of THz ra­di­a­tion in DLS, an un­du­la­tor with pe­riod length of 48 mm (U48), built by HZB and re­fur­bished at DESY will be used. The mag­netic tun­ing and the field mea­sure­ments have been done on the U48 along with the de­sign and in­stal­la­tion of cor­rec­tion coils at the en­trance/exit of the U48. In ad­di­tion, hor­i­zon­tal and ver­ti­cal am­bi­ent field cor­rec­tion coils were in­te­grated into the mag­net gird­ers. A quadru­pole cor­rec­tion coil along the vac­uum cham­ber in order to mit­i­gate the de­fo­cus­ing ef­fect of the U48 on the elec­tron beam has been de­signed. The cur­rent through all coils has been ad­justed as a func­tion of the gap by the new con­trol sys­tem de­signed for the U48. In ad­di­tion, an ex­truded alu­minium vac­uum cham­ber was de­signed and fab­ri­cated and will be aligned with the the un­du­la­tor soon.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB131  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 05 July 2021       issue date ※ 11 August 2021  
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WEPAB216 6D Simulations of PIP-II Booster Injection injection, scattering, booster, closed-orbit 3138
 
  • J.-F. Ostiguy, D.E. Johnson
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  
  Funding: This manuscript has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics.
The PIP-II su­per­con­duct­ing linac will de­liver 2 mA av­er­age H- beam cur­rent at 800 MeV to the ex­ist­ing Booster syn­chro­tron over a pe­riod of 0.55 ms (285 turns). As a re­sult, the in­jected beam power will quadru­ple to 17 kW. Safe op­er­a­tion at the in­creased beam power im­plies care­ful at­ten­tion to the ori­gin, mag­ni­tude, and dis­tri­b­u­tion of both con­trolled and un­con­trolled losses. Un­con­trolled losses are due to neu­tral ions in ex­cited states stripped in down­stream mag­nets and large angle scat­tered pro­tons from par­a­sitic foil hits. The rel­a­tive mag­ni­tudes of these loss mech­a­nisms is used to de­ter­mine the op­ti­mal foil thick­ness. A trans­verse paint­ing scheme in­volv­ing closed orbit mo­tion will be used to mit­i­gate space charge ef­fects and min­i­mize par­a­sitic foil hits. Using a de­tailed full 6D sim­u­la­tion of the in­jec­tion process, we com­pute large angle scat­ter­ing losses and com­pare re­sults to back of the en­ve­lope es­ti­mates. We in­ves­ti­gate pos­si­ble im­pact of space charge on the emit­tance and beam dis­tri­b­u­tion both dur­ing and at the con­clu­sion of the in­jec­tion pe­riod. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB216  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 24 June 2021       issue date ※ 10 August 2021  
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WEPAB243 Longitudinal Microwave Instability Study at Transition Crossing with Ion Beams in the CERN PS impedance, emittance, simulation, proton 3197
 
  • A. Lasheen, H. Damerau, A. Huschauer, B.K. Popovic
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  
  The lu­mi­nos­ity of lead ion col­li­sions in the Large Hadron Col­lider (LHC) was sig­nif­i­cantly in­creased dur­ing the 2018 ion run by re­duc­ing the bunch spac­ing from 100 ns to 75 ns, al­low­ing to in­crease the total num­ber of bunches. With the new 75 ns vari­ant, three in­stead of four bunches are gen­er­ated each cycle in the Low En­ergy Ion Ring (LEIR) and the Pro­ton Syn­chro­tron (PS) with up to 30% larger in­ten­sity per bunch. The beam was pro­duced with sat­is­fac­tory qual­ity but at the limit of sta­bil­ity in the in­jec­tors. In par­tic­u­lar, the min­i­mum lon­gi­tu­di­nal emit­tance in the PS is lim­ited by a strong lon­gi­tu­di­nal mi­crowave in­sta­bil­ity oc­cur­ring just after tran­si­tion cross­ing. The un­con­trolled blow-up gen­er­ates tails, which trans­late into an un­ac­cept­ably large satel­lite pop­u­la­tion fol­low­ing the RF ma­nip­u­la­tions prior to ex­trac­tion from the PS. In this paper, in­sta­bil­ity mea­sure­ments are com­pared to par­ti­cle sim­u­la­tions using the lat­est PS im­ped­ance model to iden­tify the dri­ving im­ped­ance sources. More­over, means to mit­i­gate the in­sta­bil­ity are dis­cussed.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB243  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 06 July 2021       issue date ※ 29 August 2021  
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WEPAB282 The Consolidation of the CERN Beam Interlock System operation, diagnostics, interface, timing 3309
 
  • R.L. Johnson, C. Martin, T. Podzorny, I. Romera, R. Secondo, J.A. Uythoven
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  The Beam In­ter­lock Sys­tem (BIS) is a ma­chine pro­tec­tion sys­tem that pro­vides es­sen­tial in­ter­lock con­trol through­out the CERN ac­cel­er­a­tor com­plex. The cur­rent BIS has been in ser­vice since 2006; as such, it is ap­proach­ing the end of its op­er­a­tional life­time, with most com­po­nents being ob­so­lete. A sec­ond ver­sion of the Beam In­ter­lock Sys­tem, "BIS2", is cur­rently under de­vel­op­ment and will re­place the cur­rent sys­tem. BIS2 aims to be more flex­i­ble by sup­ply­ing ad­di­tional on-board di­ag­nos­tic tools, while also im­prov­ing the over­all safety by adding more re­dun­dancy. Cru­cially, BIS2 in­creases the num­ber of crit­i­cal paths that can be in­ter­locked by al­most 50%, pro­vid­ing an im­por­tant flex­i­bil­ity for fu­ture ad­di­tional in­ter­lock­ing re­quests. BIS2 will come into op­er­a­tion for the LHC in run 4 (2027) and will re­main in op­er­a­tion until the end of the planned life­time of HL-LHC. In this paper, we will focus on the Beam In­ter­lock Con­troller Man­ager board (CIBM), which is at the heart of BIS2. Since this mod­ule works closely with many other sys­tems that are sim­i­lar in de­sign to those in BIS1, we will com­pare how BIS2 im­proves upon BIS1, and jus­tify the rea­sons why these changes were made.  
poster icon Poster WEPAB282 [0.378 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB282  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 14 July 2021       issue date ※ 23 August 2021  
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WEPAB283 CERN SPS Sprinkler System: A Customized Industrial Solution for a Non-Conventional Site radiation, monitoring, operation, GUI 3313
 
  • A. Suwalska, A. Arnalich, F. Deperraz, M. Munoz Codoceo, P. Ninin
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  
  Until 2018, the lim­ited fire­fight­ing means in the SPS com­plex largely ex­posed it to the con­se­quences of self-ig­ni­tion or ac­ci­den­tal fire. In 2015 the SPS Fire Safety pro­ject was launched with the ob­jec­tive of im­prov­ing life safety and prop­erty pro­tec­tion by de­ploy­ing a whole set of au­to­matic ac­tions to pro­tect SPS in case of fire out­break. If noth­ing was done, an un­man­aged fire could be a threat to lives of those work­ing un­der­ground and could mean los­ing a vast ma­jor­ity of the SPS ma­chine and its equip­ment. In 2020, CERN has com­pleted the con­sol­i­da­tion of its SPS fire safety sys­tems. Among these, a water based sprin­kler sys­tem, fol­low­ing prin­ci­ples of stan­dard in­dus­trial de­sign but cus­tomized and tai­lor-made for SPS and its ir­ra­di­ated areas, is ready to op­er­ate. The sys­tem must take into ac­count lim­i­ta­tions re­lated to the pres­ence of frag­ile ac­cel­er­a­tor equip­ment, ra­dioac­tive zones, in­te­gra­tion con­straints and com­ply with Eu­ro­pean norms, in par­tic­u­lar EN12845. This paper pre­sents the risk as­sess­ment, our ex­pe­ri­ence from the plan­ning and in­stal­la­tion phase while dis­cussing the cus­tom-cho­sen and ra­di­a­tion tested equip­ment to end up with the lessons learned and out­look for the fu­ture.  
poster icon Poster WEPAB283 [2.224 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB283  
About • paper received ※ 13 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 14 June 2021       issue date ※ 16 August 2021  
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WEPAB288 A New Timing System for PETRA IV timing, FEL, storage-ring, hardware 3329
 
  • H. Lippek, A. Aghababyan, K. Brede, H.T. Duhme, M. Fenner, U. Hurdelbrink, H. Kay, H. Schlarb, T. Wilksen
    DESY, Hamburg, Germany
  
  At DESY an up­grade of the PETRA III syn­chro­tron light source to­wards a fourth-gen­er­a­tion, low emit­tance ma­chine PETRA IV is cur­rently being ac­tively pur­sued. The re­al­iza­tion of this new ma­chine im­plies a new de­sign of the tim­ing and syn­chro­niza­tion sys­tem since re­quire­ments on beam qual­ity and con­trols will sig­nif­i­cantly change from the ex­ist­ing im­ple­men­ta­tion at PETRA III. As of now the tech­ni­cal de­sign phase of the PETRA IV pro­ject is in full swing. For the tim­ing sys­tem the de­sign process of the over­all sys­tem as well as the eval­u­a­tion of in­di­vid­ual com­po­nents has been started as of last year. Given the suc­cess of the at DESY de­vel­oped Mi­croTCA.4-based tim­ing sys­tem for the Eu­ro­pean XFEL ac­cel­er­a­tor it has been cho­sen to serve as a basis for the PETRA IV tim­ing sys­tem de­vel­ope­ment as well. We pre­sent first de­sign ideas of the major tim­ing sys­tem hard­ware com­po­nent, a Mi­croTCA.4-based AMC for dis­trib­ut­ing clocks, trig­gers and fur­ther bunch-syn­chro­nous in­for­ma­tion within the ac­cel­er­a­tor com­plex and to user ex­per­i­ments. First steps of an eval­u­a­tion process for de­sign­ing the AMC hard­ware are briefly il­lus­trated.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB288  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 01 July 2021       issue date ※ 10 August 2021  
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WEPAB293 The Trip Event Logger for Online Fault Diagnosis at the European XFEL cavity, FEL, operation, EPICS 3344
 
  • J.H.K. Timm, J. Branlard, A. Eichler, H. Schlarb
    DESY, Hamburg, Germany
  
  The low-level RF (LLRF) sys­tem at the Eu­ro­pean XFEL, DESY, is of major im­por­tance for a high-per­for­mant and re­li­able op­er­a­tion. Faults here can jeop­ar­dize the over­all op­er­a­tion. There­fore, the trip event log­ger is cur­rently de­vel­opped, - a fault di­ag­no­sis tool to de­tect er­rors on­line, in­form the op­er­a­tors and trig­ger au­to­matic su­per­vi­sory ac­tions. Fur­ther goals are to pro­vide in­for­ma­tion for a fault tree and event tree analy­sis as well as a data­base of la­beled faulty data sets for of­fline analy­sis. The tool is based on the C++ frame­work ChimeraTK Ap­pli­ca­tion Core. With this close in­ter­con­nec­tion to the con­trol sys­tem it is pos­si­ble not only to mon­i­tor but also to in­ter­vene as it is of great im­por­tance for su­per­vi­sory tasks. The core of the tool con­sists of fault analy­sis mod­ules rang­ing from sim­ple ones (e.g., limit check­ing) to ad­vanced ones (model-based, ma­chine learn­ing, etc.). Within this paper the ar­chi­tec­ture and the im­ple­men­ta­tion of the trip event log­ger are pre­sented.  
poster icon Poster WEPAB293 [7.919 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB293  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 July 2021       issue date ※ 10 August 2021  
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WEPAB296 A Klystron Phase Lock Loop for RF System at TPS Booster Ring cathode, klystron, LLRF, injection 3354
 
  • F.Y. Chang, M.H. Chang, S.W. Chang, L.J. Chen, F.-T. Chung, Y.D. Li, M.-C. Lin, Z.K. Liu, C.H. Lo, Ch. Wang, M.-S. Yeh, T.-C. Yu
    NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
  
  In TPS booster ring, the DLLRF is used to con­trolled the ramp­ing gap volt­age and also the en­ergy sav­ing mod­ule is ap­plied to save power while the ring does not in­ject beam. But we oc­curred to have a prob­lem of PI sat­u­ra­tion due to a large phase change when the en­ergy sav­ing mod­ule work­ing. The en­ergy sav­ing mod­ule switches the anode volt­age of the kly­stron from high to low level to de­crease the cath­ode cur­rent while the ring does not in­ject and do the op­po­site while the ring in­jects. This ac­tion causes a large phase change of the trans­mit­ter and leads the PI con­troller to work in the wrong di­rec­tion. We add a kly­stron phase loop to solve this sit­u­a­tion.  
poster icon Poster WEPAB296 [0.792 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB296  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 01 July 2021       issue date ※ 30 August 2021  
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WEPAB297 A Recent Upgrade on Phase Drift Compensation System for a Stable Beam Injection at J-PARC Linac linac, cavity, DTL, injection 3357
 
  • E. Cicek, Z. Fang, Y. Fukui, K. Futatsukawa
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  • T. Hirane, S. Shinozaki
    JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan
  • Y. Sato
    Nippon Advanced Technology Co., Ltd., Tokai, Japan
  
  J-PARC linac, con­sist­ing of 324 MHz and 972 MHz ac­cel­er­a­tion sec­tions, de­liv­ers H− beam to the rapid cy­cling syn­chro­tron (RCS). The drift in the beam in­jec­tion mo­men­tum from linac to RCS was mea­sured to be highly de­pen­dent on the hu­mid­ity at the kly­stron gallery. Also, changes in both tem­per­a­ture and hu­mid­ity strongly af­fect the rf field phase con­trolled within the dig­i­tal feed­back (DFB) sys­tem. To cope with this, a unique phase drift com­pen­sa­tion sys­tem, namely the phase drift mon­i­tor (PDM) sys­tem, is im­ple­mented in the MEBT2B1 sta­tion as the first step at the linac. How­ever, the com­pen­sa­tion of the drift cor­rec­tion could not be achieved di­rectly since two dif­fer­ent fre­quen­cies were used. The new PDM, which adapts the di­rect sam­pling method using the Radio Fre­quency Sys­tem-on-Chip (RFSoC), will pave the way to en­sure rf phase sta­bil­ity at all sta­tions si­mul­ta­ne­ously. Here we pre­sent the ef­fects of tem­per­a­ture and hu­mid­ity on the rf field phase, along with per­for­mance and pre­lim­i­nary test re­sults con­cern­ing the phase drift com­pen­sa­tion.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB297  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 01 July 2021       issue date ※ 18 August 2021  
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WEPAB298 Design of an Accurate LLRF System for an Array of Two-Gap Resonators LLRF, FPGA, distributed, Ethernet 3360
 
  • D.A. Liakin, S.V. Barabin, T. Kulevoy, A.Y. Orlov
    ITEP, Moscow, Russia
  
  A par­ti­cle ac­cel­er­a­tor based on an array of two-gap res­onators re­quires a con­trol sys­tem, which is re­spon­si­ble for pre­cise setup and sta­bi­liza­tion of the phase and mag­ni­tude of the elec­tro­mag­netic field in res­onators. We de­velop a cost-ef­fec­tive LLRF sys­tem for the array of more than 80 res­onators and three dif­fer­ent op­er­at­ing fre­quen­cies. The de­sign is based on proved so­lu­tion used for 5-res­onators ac­cel­er­a­tor HILAC (pro­ject NICA, Dubna). This paper gives an overview of the basic struc­ture and some spe­cific fea­tures of the de­vel­op­ing LLRF con­trol sys­tem.  
poster icon Poster WEPAB298 [0.355 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB298  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 23 June 2021       issue date ※ 30 August 2021  
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WEPAB299 Spallation Neutron Source Proton Power Upgrade Low-Level RF Control System Development LLRF, operation, cavity, neutron 3363
 
  • M.T. Crofford, J.A. Ball, J.E. Breeding, M.P. Martinez, J.S. Moss, M. Musrock
    ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  • L.R. Doolittle, C. Serrano, V.K. Vytla
    LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
  • J. Graham, C.K. Roberts, J.W. Sinclair, Z. Sorrell, S. Whaley
    ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  
  Funding: * This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under contract number DE-AC05-00OR22725.
The Pro­ton Power Up­grade (PPU) Pro­ject is ap­proved for the Spal­la­tion Neu­tron Source at Oak Ridge Na­tional Lab­o­ra­tory and will dou­ble the pro­ton beam power ca­pa­bil­ity from 1.4 MW to 2.8 MW with 2 MW beam power avail­able to the first tar­get sta­tion. A sec­ond tar­get sta­tion is planned and will uti­lize the re­main­ing beam power in the fu­ture. The pro­ton power in­crease will be sup­ported with the ad­di­tion of twenty-eight new su­per­con­duct­ing cav­i­ties pow­ered by 700 kW peak power kly­strons to in­crease beam en­ergy while in­creases to the beam cur­rent will be done with a com­bi­na­tion of ex­ist­ing RF mar­gin, and DTL HPRF up­grades. The orig­i­nal low-level RF con­trol sys­tem has proven to be re­li­able over the past 15 years of op­er­a­tions, but ob­so­les­cence is­sues man­date a re­place­ment sys­tem be de­vel­oped for the PPU pro­ject. The re­place­ment sys­tem is re­al­ized in a µTCA.4 plat­form using a com­bi­na­tion of com­mer­cial off-the-shelf boards and cus­tom hard­ware to sup­port the re­quire­ments of PPU. This paper pre­sents the pro­to­type hard­ware, firmware, and soft­ware de­vel­op­ment ac­tiv­i­ties along with pre­lim­i­nary test­ing re­sults of the new sys­tem. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB299  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 21 June 2021       issue date ※ 11 August 2021  
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WEPAB300 Python Based Tools for FRIB LLRF Operation and Management LLRF, cavity, EPICS, linac 3367
 
  • S.R. Kunjir, D.G. Morris, S. Zhao
    FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
  
  Funding: This work is supported by the US Department of Energy Office of Science under Cooperative Agreement DE-SC0000661, the State of Michigan and Michigan State University.
Some Python based tools have been de­vel­oped at the Fa­cil­ity for Rare Iso­tope Beams (FRIB) for the ease of op­er­a­tion and man­age­ment of the low level radio fre­quency (LLRF) con­trollers. Uti­liz­ing the rich fea­tures in Python, some tasks can be eas­ily ap­plied to a whole seg­ment, one type of cry­omod­ule (CM), a spe­cific cry­omod­ule or in­di­vid­ual cav­i­ties grouped by a com­plex cus­tom query. The tasks in­clude, for ex­am­ple, 1) test­ing in­ter­face con­nec­tions be­tween var­i­ous sub-sys­tems prior to an op­er­a­tional run; 2) set­ting, check­ing and sav­ing/restor­ing pa­ra­me­ters dur­ing and after an op­er­a­tional run; 3) up­dat­ing LLRF con­troller firmware and soft­ware dur­ing main­te­nance. With these tools, rou­tine man­ual tasks are stream­lined to achieve sig­nif­i­cantly greater ef­fi­ciency in terms of scal­a­bil­ity, time, mem­ory and net­work re­sources. Con­sid­er­ing chan­nel ac­cess se­cu­rity, beam on/off sta­tus etc., the strat­egy of choos­ing ei­ther input/out­put con­troller (IOC) or Python for the im­ple­men­ta­tion of cer­tain tasks is also dis­cussed in the paper. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB300  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 01 July 2021       issue date ※ 24 August 2021  
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WEPAB303 Machine Learning Applied to Automated Tunes Control at the 1.5 GeV Synchrotron Light Source DELTA storage-ring, quadrupole, simulation, operation 3379
 
  • D. Schirmer
    DELTA, Dortmund, Germany
  
  Ma­chine learn­ing (ML) dri­ven al­go­rithms are find­ing more and more use cases in the do­main of ac­cel­er­a­tor physics. Apart from cor­re­la­tion analy­sis in large data vol­umes, low and high level con­trols, like beam orbit cor­rec­tion, also non-lin­ear feed­back sys­tems are pos­si­ble ap­pli­ca­tion fields. This also in­cludes mon­i­tor­ing the stor­age ring be­ta­tron tunes, as an im­por­tant task for sta­ble ma­chine op­er­a­tion. For this pur­pose clas­si­cal, shal­low (non-deep), feed-for­ward neural net­works (NNs) were in­ves­ti­gated for au­to­mated ad­just­ing the stor­age ring tunes. The NNs were trained with ex­per­i­men­tal ma­chine data as well as with sim­u­lated data based on a lat­tice model of the DELTA stor­age ring. With both data sources com­pa­ra­ble tune cor­rec­tion ac­cu­ra­cies were achieved, both, in real ma­chine op­er­a­tion and for the sim­u­lated stor­age ring model. In con­trast to con­ven­tional PID meth­ods, the trained NNs were able to ap­proach the de­sired tar­get tunes in fewer steps. The re­port sum­ma­rizes the cur­rent sta­tus of this ma­chine learn­ing pro­ject and points out pos­si­ble fu­ture im­prove­ments as well as other pos­si­ble ap­pli­ca­tions.  
poster icon Poster WEPAB303 [1.575 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB303  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 05 July 2021       issue date ※ 25 August 2021  
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WEPAB305 Teeport: Break the Wall Between the Optimization Algorithms and Problems experiment, real-time, monitoring, GUI 3387
 
  • Z. Zhang, X. Huang, M. Song
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  
  Funding: DOE, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, DE-AC02-76SF00515 and FWP 2018-SLAC-100469 Computing Science, Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, FWP 2018-SLAC-100469ASCR.
Op­ti­miza­tion al­go­rithms/tech­niques such as ge­netic al­go­rithm (GA), par­ti­cle swarm op­ti­miza­tion (PSO) and Gauss­ian process (GP) have been widely used in the ac­cel­er­a­tor field to tackle com­plex de­sign/on­line op­ti­miza­tion prob­lems. How­ever, con­nect­ing the al­go­rithm with the op­ti­miza­tion prob­lem can be dif­fi­cult, some­times even un­re­al­is­tic, since the al­go­rithms and prob­lems could be im­ple­mented in dif­fer­ent lan­guages, might re­quire spe­cific re­sources, or have phys­i­cal con­straints. We in­tro­duce an op­ti­miza­tion plat­form named Teeport that is de­vel­oped to ad­dress the above issue. This real-time com­mu­ni­ca­tion (RTC) based plat­form is par­tic­u­larly de­signed to min­i­mize the ef­fort of in­te­grat­ing the al­go­rithms and prob­lems. Once in­te­grated, the users are granted a rich fea­ture set, such as mon­i­tor­ing, con­trol­ling, and bench­mark­ing. Some real-life ap­pli­ca­tions of the plat­form are also dis­cussed. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB305  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 July 2021       issue date ※ 27 August 2021  
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WEPAB308 Measurement-Based Surrogate Model of the SLAC LCLS-II Injector laser, simulation, network, cathode 3395
 
  • L. Gupta, Y.K. Kim
    University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
  • A.L. Edelen, C.E. Mayes, A.A. Mishra, N.R. Neveu
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  
  Funding: This project was funded by the DOE SCGSR Program.
There is sig­nif­i­cant ef­fort within par­ti­cle ac­cel­er­a­tor physics to use ma­chine learn­ing meth­ods to im­prove mod­el­ing of ac­cel­er­a­tor com­po­nents. Such mod­els can be made re­al­is­tic and rep­re­sen­ta­tive of ma­chine com­po­nents by train­ing them with mea­sured data. These mod­els could be used as vir­tual di­ag­nos­tics or for model-based con­trol when fast feed­back is needed for tun­ing to dif­fer­ent user set­tings. To pro­to­type such a model, we demon­strate how a ma­chine learn­ing based sur­ro­gate model of the SLAC LCLS-II pho­to­cath­ode in­jec­tor was de­vel­oped. To cre­ate ma­chine-based data, laser mea­sure­ments were taken at the LCLS using the vir­tual cath­ode cam­era. These mea­sure­ments were used to sam­ple par­ti­cles, re­sult­ing in re­al­is­tic elec­tron bunches, which were then prop­a­gated through the in­jec­tor via the Astra space charge sim­u­la­tion. By doing this, the model is not only able to pre­dict many bulk elec­tron beam pa­ra­me­ters and dis­tri­b­u­tions which are often hard to mea­sure or not usu­ally avail­able to mea­sure, but the pre­dic­tions are more re­al­is­tic rel­a­tive to tra­di­tion­ally sim­u­lated train­ing data. The meth­ods for train­ing such mod­els, as well as model ca­pa­bil­i­ties and fu­ture work are pre­sented here. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB308  
About • paper received ※ 26 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 27 July 2021       issue date ※ 24 August 2021  
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WEPAB314 TEX - an X-Band Test Facility at INFN-LNF klystron, GUI, LLRF, framework 3406
 
  • S. Pioli, D. Alesini, F.A. Anelli, M. Bellaveglia, S. Bini, B. Buonomo, S. Cantarella, F. Cardelli, G. Catuscelli, R. Ceccarelli, A. Cecchinelli, F. Chiarelli, P. Ciuffetti, R. Clementi, C. Di Giulio, E. Di Pasquale, G. Di Raddo, M. Diomede, A. Esposito, L. Faillace, A. Falone, G. Franzini, A. Gallo, S. Incremona, A. Liedl, D. Pellegrini, G. Piermarini, L. Piersanti, S. Quaglia, R. Ricci, L. Sabbatini, M. Scampati, G. Scarselletta, A. Stella, R. Zarlenga
    INFN/LNF, Frascati, Italy
  
  Funding: The LATINO project is co-funded by the Regione Lazio within POR-FESR 2014-2020 European activities (public call "Open Research Infrastructures").
We re­port the sta­tus of the de­vel­op­ment of an High Power RF Lab­o­ra­tory in X-Band called TEX (TEst-stand for X-Band). TEX is part of the LATINO (Lab­o­ra­tory in Ad­vanced Tech­nolo­gies for IN­nO­va­tion) ini­tia­tive that is on­go­ing at the Fras­cati Na­tional Lab­o­ra­to­ries (LNF) of the Ital­ian In­sti­tute for Nu­clear Physics (INFN) that cov­ers many dif­fer­ent areas fo­cused on par­ti­cle ac­cel­er­a­tor tech­nolo­gies. TEX is a RF test fa­cil­ity based on solid-state K400 mod­u­la­tor from Scan­di­Nova with a 50MW class X-band (11.996 GHz) kly­stron tube model vkx 8311a op­er­at­ing at 50 Hz. This RF source will op­er­ate as re­source for test and re­search pro­grams such as the RF break­down on RF wave­guide com­po­nents as well as high power test­ing of ac­cel­er­at­ing struc­tures for fu­ture high gra­di­ent lin­ear ac­cel­er­a­tor such as Eu­PRAXIA and CLIC. The high power test­ing will be per­formed in a ded­i­cated brand-new bunker that has been re­cently built. RF sys­tem, vac­uum con­trols and safety equip­ments are cur­rently being in­stalled. The first ac­cel­er­at­ing struc­ture test­ing is sched­uled by be­gin­ning 2022. In this doc­u­ment de­sign and tests for all the sub-sys­tems of the fa­cil­ity will be pre­sented and dis­cussed. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB314  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 28 July 2021       issue date ※ 19 August 2021  
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WEPAB317 Online Model Developments for BESSY II and MLS EPICS, MMI, synchrotron, kicker 3413
 
  • P. Schnizer, J. Bengtsson, T. Birke, J. Li, T. Mertens, M. Ries, A. Schälicke, L. Vera Ramirez
    HZB, Berlin, Germany
  
  Dig­i­tal mod­els have been de­vel­oped over a long time for prepar­ing ac­cel­er­a­tor com­mis­sion­ing next to bench­mark­ing the­ory pre­dic­tions to ma­chine mea­sure­ments. These dig­i­tal mod­els are nowa­days being re­al­ized as dig­i­tal shad­ows or dig­i­tal twins. Ac­cel­er­a­tor com­mis­sion­ing re­quires pe­ri­odic setup and re­view of the ma­chine sta­tus. Fur­ther­more, dif­fer­ent mea­sure­ments are only prac­ti­cal by com­par­i­son to the ma­chine model (e.g. beam based align­ment). In this paper we de­scribe the ar­chi­tec­ture cho­sen for our mod­els, de­scribe the frame­work Bluesky for mea­sure­ment or­ches­tra­tion and re­port on our ex­pe­ri­ence ex­em­pli­fy­ing on dy­namic aper­ture scans. Fur­ther­more we de­scribe our plans to ex­tend the mod­els ap­plied to BESSY~II and MLS to the cur­rently planned ma­chines BESSY~III and MLS~II.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB317  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 28 July 2021       issue date ※ 21 August 2021  
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WEPAB319 Open XAL Status Report 2021 framework, quadrupole, lattice, status 3421
 
  • N. Milas, J.F. Esteban Müller, E. Laface, Y. Levinsen
    ESS, Lund, Sweden
  • T.V. Gorlov, A.P. Shishlo, A.P. Zhukov
    ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  
  The Open XAL ac­cel­er­a­tor physics soft­ware plat­form is being de­vel­oped through in­ter­na­tional col­lab­o­ra­tion among sev­eral fa­cil­i­ties since 2010. The goal of the col­lab­o­ra­tion is to es­tab­lish Open XAL as a multi-pur­pose soft­ware plat­form sup­port­ing a broad range of tool and ap­pli­ca­tion de­vel­op­ment in ac­cel­er­a­tor physics and high-level con­trol (Open XAL also ships with a suite of gen­eral-pur­pose ac­cel­er­a­tor ap­pli­ca­tions). This paper dis­cusses progress in beam dy­nam­ics sim­u­la­tion, new RF mod­els, and up­dated ap­pli­ca­tion frame­work along with new generic ac­cel­er­a­tor physics ap­pli­ca­tions. We pre­sent the cur­rent sta­tus of the pro­ject, a roadmap for con­tin­ued de­vel­op­ment, and an overview of the pro­ject sta­tus at each par­tic­i­pat­ing fa­cil­ity.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB319  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 21 July 2021       issue date ※ 11 August 2021  
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WEPAB321 ALS-U Instrumentation Overview timing, instrumentation, electron, hardware 3427
 
  • J.M. Weber, J.C. Bell, M.J. Chin, S. De Santis, R.F. Gunion, S. Murthy, W.E. Norum, G.J. Portmann, C. Serrano
    LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
  • W.K. Lewis
    Osprey DCS LLC, Ocean City, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231
The Ad­vanced Light Source Up­grade (ALS-U) to a dif­frac­tion-lim­ited stor­age ring with a small vac­uum cham­ber di­am­e­ter re­quires ex­cel­lent orbit sta­bil­ity and a fast re­sponse orbit in­ter­lock for ma­chine pro­tec­tion. The on-axis swap-out in­jec­tion scheme and dual RF fre­quen­cies de­mand fast mon­i­tor­ing of pulsed in­jec­tion mag­nets and a novel ap­proach to tim­ing. Re­cent de­vel­op­ment ef­forts at ALS and ad­vances in PLLs, FPGAs, and RF­SoCs that pro­vide higher per­for­mance and mixed-sig­nal in­te­gra­tion can be lever­aged for in­stru­men­ta­tion so­lu­tions to these ac­cel­er­a­tor chal­lenges. An overview of pre­lim­i­nary ALS-U in­stru­men­ta­tion sys­tem de­signs and sta­tus will be pre­sented. 		 
poster icon Poster WEPAB321 [23.306 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB321  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 27 July 2021       issue date ※ 22 August 2021  
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WEPAB323 High Performance DAQ Infrastructure to Enable Machine Learning for the Advanced Photon Source Upgrade monitoring, EPICS, data-acquisition, hardware 3434
 
  • G. Shen, N.D. Arnold, T.G. Berenc, J. Carwardine, E. Chandler, T. Fors, T.J. Madden, D.R. Paskvan, C. Roehrig, S.E. Shoaf, S. Veseli
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
  
  Funding: Argonne National Laboratory’s work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357.
It is well known that the ef­fi­ciency of an ad­vanced con­trol al­go­rithm like ma­chine learn­ing is as good as its data qual­ity. Much re­cent progress in tech­nol­ogy en­ables the mas­sive data ac­qui­si­tion from a con­trol sys­tem of mod­ern par­ti­cle ac­cel­er­a­tor, and the wide use of em­bed­ded con­trollers, like field-pro­gram­ma­ble gate ar­rays (FPGA), pro­vides an op­por­tu­nity to col­lect fast data from tech­ni­cal sub­sys­tems for mon­i­tor­ing, sta­tis­tics, di­ag­nos­tics or fault record­ing. To im­prove the data qual­ity, at the APS Up­grade pro­ject, a gen­eral-pur­pose data ac­qui­si­tion (DAQ) sys­tem is under ac­tive de­vel­op­ment. The APS-U DAQ sys­tem col­lects high-qual­ity fast data from un­der­neath em­bed­ded con­trollers, es­pe­cially the FPGAs, with the man­ner of time-cor­re­la­tion and syn­chro­nously sam­pling, which could be used for com­mis­sion­ing, per­for­mance mon­i­tor­ing, trou­bleshoot­ing, and early fault de­tec­tion, etc. This paper pre­sents the de­sign and lat­est progress of APS-U high-per­for­mance DAQ in­fra­struc­ture, as well as its prepa­ra­tion to en­able the use of ma­chine learn­ing tech­nol­ogy for APS-U, and its use cases at APS. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB323  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 24 June 2021       issue date ※ 29 August 2021  
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WEPAB372 Design and Construction of Uninterruptible Paralleling Transfer Switches for an Emergency Power System in Taiwan Light Source operation, cryogenics, ECR, MMI 3581
 
  • Y.F. Chiu, W.S. Chan, K.C. Kuo, Y.-C. Lin
    NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
  
  The ATS of an emer­gency power sys­tem in Util­ity Build­ing II has op­er­ated over 18 years; in re­cent years the fail­ure rate is grad­u­ally in­creas­ing be­cause of aged com­po­nents. To im­prove old switches, schemes of up­grad­ing and de­vel­op­ing new and ef­fi­cient trans­fer switches have been con­ducted cau­tiously. A new de­vice named an Un­in­ter­rupt­ible Par­al­lel­ing Trans­fer Switch (UPTS) is de­signed and im­ple­mented to re­place an ex­ist­ing ATS to en­hance the per­for­mance to meet the re­quire­ments of un­in­ter­rupted power trans­fer. The UPTS can un­in­ter­rupt­edly switch the grid power to emer­gency power of a backup gen­er­a­tor dur­ing a planned util­ity power out­age, and also ex­actly switch emer­gency power to the grid power un­in­ter­rupt­edly when the util­ity power is re­stored. If grid power is un­ex­pect­edly lost, UPTS acts like a typ­i­cal ATS, au­to­mat­i­cally trans­fer­ring power from a pri­mary source to a backup source with switch­ing du­ra­tion a few sec­onds. A prac­ti­cal UPTS has been as­sem­bled and in­stalled in Util­ity Build­ing II and has per­formed well ef­fec­tively to elim­i­nate power-switch­ing tran­sients.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB372  
About • paper received ※ 11 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 July 2021       issue date ※ 12 August 2021  
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WEPAB373 The Energy Management System in NSRRC operation, network, MMI, radiation 3585
 
  • C.S. Chen, W.S. Chan, Y.Y. Cheng, Y.F. Chiu, Y.-C. Chung, K.C. Kuo, M.T. Lee, Y.C. Lin, C.Y. Liu, Z.-D. Tsai
    NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
  
  Tai­wan has been suf­fer­ing from a short­age of nat­ural re­sources for more than two decades. As stated by the En­ergy Sta­tis­tics Hand­book 2019 of Tai­wan, up to 97.90% of en­ergy sup­ply was im­ported from abroad. This kind of en­ergy con­sump­tion struc­ture is frag­ile rel­a­tively. Not men­tion to the total do­mes­tic en­ergy con­sump­tion an­nual growth rate is 1.97% in twenty years. Ei­ther the semi­con­duc­tor or the in­te­grated cir­cuit-re­lated in­dus­try is de­vel­oped vig­or­ously in Tai­wan. All the facts cause us to face the en­ergy prob­lems squarely. There­fore, an en­ergy man­age­ment sys­tem (EnMS) was in­stalled in NSRRC in 2019 to pur­sue more ef­fi­cient en­ergy use. With the ad­van­tages of the Archive Viewer - a util­ity su­per­vi­sory con­trol and data ac­qui­si­tion sys­tem in NSRRC, the data of en­ergy use could be traced con­ve­niently and widely. The model of en­ergy use has been built to re­view pe­ri­od­i­cally, fur­ther­more, it pro­vides us the ac­cor­dance to re­place the de­graded equip­ment and alerts us if the fail­ure oc­curs.  
poster icon Poster WEPAB373 [0.497 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB373  
About • paper received ※ 21 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 22 July 2021       issue date ※ 11 August 2021  
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WEPAB394 Development of a New Interlock and Data Acquisition for the RF System at High Energy Photon Source EPICS, cavity, FPGA, PLC 3630
 
  • Z.W. Deng, J.P. Dai, H.Y. Lin, Q.Y. Wang, P. Zhang
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  
  Funding: This work was supported by High Energy Photon Source, a major national science and technology infrastructure in China.
A new in­ter­lock and data ac­qui­si­tion (DAQ) sys­tem is being de­vel­oped for the RF sys­tem at High En­ergy Pho­ton Source (HEPS) to pro­tect es­sen­tial de­vices as well as to lo­cate the fault. Var­i­ous sig­nals col­lected and pre-processed by the DAQ sys­tem and in­di­vid­ual in­ter­lock sig­nals from solid-state power am­pli­fiers, low-level RFs, arc de­tec­tors, etc. are sent to the in­ter­lock sys­tem for logic de­ci­sion to con­trol the RF switch. Pro­gram­ma­ble logic con­trollers (PLC) are used to col­lect slow sig­nals like tem­per­a­ture, water flowrate, etc., while fast ac­qui­si­tion for RF sig­nals is re­al­ized by ded­i­cated boards with down-con­ver­sion fron­tend and dig­i­tal sig­nal pro­cess­ing boards. In order to im­prove the re­sponse time, field pro­gram­ma­ble gate array (FPGA) has been used for in­ter­lock logic im­ple­men­ta­tion with an em­bed­ded ex­per­i­men­tal physics and in­dus­trial con­trol sys­tem (EPICS). Data stor­age is man­aged by using EPICS Archiver Ap­pli­ance and an op­er­a­tor in­ter­face is de­vel­oped by using Con­trol Sys­tem Stu­dio (CSS) run­ning on a stand­alone com­puter. This paper pre­sents the de­sign and the first test of the new in­ter­lock and DAQ for HEPS RF sys­tem. 		 
poster icon Poster WEPAB394 [2.140 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB394  
About • paper received ※ 16 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 14 July 2021       issue date ※ 31 August 2021  
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WEPAB407 An Innovative Eco-System for Accelerator Science and Technology neutron, ion-source, framework, software 3660
 
  • C. Darve, J.B. Andersen, S. Salman
    ESS, Lund, Sweden
  • B. Nicquevert, S. Petit
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • M. Stankovski
    LINXS, Lund, Sweden
  
  The emer­gence of new tech­nolo­gies and in­no­v­a­tive com­mu­ni­ca­tion tools per­mits us to tran­scend so­ci­etal chal­lenges. While par­ti­cle ac­cel­er­a­tors are es­sen­tial in­stru­ments to im­prove our qual­ity of life through sci­ence and tech­nol­ogy, an ad­e­quate ecosys­tem is es­sen­tial to ac­ti­vate and max­i­mize this po­ten­tial. Re­search In­fra­struc­ture (RI) and in­dus­tries sup­ported by en­light­ened or­ga­ni­za­tions and ed­u­ca­tion, can gen­er­ate a sus­tain­able en­vi­ron­ment to serve this pur­pose. In this paper, we will dis­cuss state-of-the-art in­fra­struc­tures tak­ing the lead to reach this im­pact, thus con­tribut­ing to eco­nomic and so­cial trans­for­ma­tion.  
poster icon Poster WEPAB407 [61.076 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB407  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 July 2021       issue date ※ 18 August 2021  
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WEPAB411 Ion Coulomb Crystals in Storage Rings for Quantum Information Science storage-ring, operation, laser, rfq 3667
 
  • K.A. Brown, G.J. Mahler, T. Roser, T.V. Shaftan, Z. Zhao
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
  • A. Aslam, S. Biedron, T.B. Bolin, C. Gonzalez-Zacarias, S.I. Sosa Guitron
    UNM-ECE, Albuquerque, USA
  • R. Chen, T.G. Robertazzi
    Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
  • B. Huang
    SBU, Stony Brook, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
We dis­cuss the pos­si­ble use of crys­talline beams in stor­age rings for ap­pli­ca­tions in quan­tum in­for­ma­tion sci­ence (QIS). Crys­talline beams have been cre­ated in ion trap sys­tems and proven to be use­ful as a com­pu­ta­tional basis for QIS ap­pli­ca­tions. The same struc­tures can be cre­ated in a stor­age ring, but the ions nec­es­sar­ily have a con­stant ve­loc­ity and are ro­tat­ing in a cir­cu­lar trap. The basic struc­tures that are needed are ul­tra­cold crys­talline beams, called ion Coulomb crys­tals (ICC’s). We will de­scribe dif­fer­ent ap­pli­ca­tions of ICC’s for QIS, how QIS in­for­ma­tion is ob­tained and can be used for quan­tum com­put­ing, and some of the chal­lenges that need to be re­solved to re­al­ize prac­ti­cal QIS ap­pli­ca­tions in stor­age rings. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB411  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 20 July 2021       issue date ※ 20 August 2021  
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THXC07 Adaptive Control of Klystron Operation Parameters for Energy Saving at Storage Ring of TPS klystron, operation, cathode, storage-ring 3748
 
  • T.-C. Yu, F.Y. Chang, M.H. Chang, S.W. Chang, L.J. Chen, F.-T. Chung, Y.D. Li, M.-C. Lin, Z.K. Liu, C.H. Lo, Ch. Wang, M.-S. Yeh
    NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
  
  To sat­isfy max­i­mum beam cur­rent op­er­a­tion in the stor­age ring of TPS, the op­er­a­tion pa­ra­me­ters of both RF trans­mit­ters are set to be able to gen­er­ate its maxi-mum RF power in daily usage. Under such con­di­tion, the kly­strons can de­liver any power below 300kW at con­stant AC power con­sump­tion which is about 520-530 kW. Hence, the AC power usage is in­de­pen­dent of the re­quired RF out­put power. To best uti­lize the avail-able AC power based on the re­quired RF power, an adap­tive con­trol method­ol­ogy is pro­posed here to change the op­er­a­tion pa­ra­me­ters of the kly­stron, cath-ode volt­age and anode volt­age, ac­cord­ing to the pre-sent RF power. The cor­re­spond­ing op­er­a­tion parame-ters are ap­plied by the prior tested table which maps the op­er­a­tion pa­ra­me­ters with the dif­fer­ent sat­u­ra­tion RF power. The test re­sults show that the saved en­ergy can be 32% to 11% from 30mA to 450mA for both RF plants as com­par­ing to con­stant op­er­a­tion pa­ra­me­ters of 1047 kW AC power.  
slides icon Slides THXC07 [1.241 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THXC07  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 06 July 2021       issue date ※ 11 August 2021  
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THPAB063 Laser Transport System of Shanghai Laser Electron Gamma Source (SLEGS) laser, detector, feedback, scattering 3897
 
  • H.H. Xu, G.T. Fan
    SSRF, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
  
  Shang­hai Laser Elec­tron Gamma Source (SLEGS) *, based on laser Comp­ton scat­ter­ing (LCS), as one of beam­lines of Shang­hai Syn­chro­tron Ra­di­a­tion Fa­cil­ity (SSRF) in phase II, is under con­struc­tion now. The tech­ni­cal de­sign of its laser in­jec­tion sys­tem has been im­ple­mented and op­ti­mized con­sec­u­tively over the last few years. In order to in­ject the 10640 nm CO2 laser into the in­ter­ac­tion point from the laser hutch out­side the stor­age ring’s shield­ing, a laser trans­port sys­tem longer than 20 m using re­lay-imag­ing tele­scopes is de­signed. There are two op­er­a­tion mode in SLEGS. One is backscat­ter­ing mode, which will make the laser and elec­tron bunch col­lide at 180° with flux higher than 107 gamma/s. The other mode is slant­ing mode, which mainly in­her­its the de­sign used in the pro­to­type**. In this paper, a brief sum­mary of the laser trans­port sys­tem is given. The sys­tem con­tains sev­eral mod­ules to per­form beam ex­pan­sion, com­bin­ing, mon­i­tor­ing and real-time ad­just­ment. The de­sign mod­els, sim­u­la­tion study of the laser qual­ity through the trans­porta-tion, and the ex­per­i­men­tal re­sults are pre­sented.
* Y. Xu, W. Xu, et al., NIM A, 578, 457 (2007).
** H.H. Xu, J.H. Chen, et al., Transaction on Nuclear Science, IEEE, 63, 906 (2016). 		 
poster icon Poster THPAB063 [2.508 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB063  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 24 June 2021       issue date ※ 27 August 2021  
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THPAB068 Denoising of Optics Measurements Using Autoencoder Neural Networks optics, network, simulation, MMI 3915
 
  • E. Fol, R. Tomás García
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  
  Noise arte­facts can ap­pear in op­tics mea­sure­ments data due to in­stru­men­ta­tion im­per­fec­tions or un­cer­tain­ties in the ap­plied analy­sis meth­ods. A spe­cial type of semi-su­per­vised neural net­works, au­toen­coders, are widely ap­plied to de­nois­ing tasks in image and sig­nal pro­cess­ing as well as to gen­er­a­tive mod­el­ing. Re­cently, an au­toen­coder-based ap­proach for de­nois­ing and re­con­struc­tion of miss­ing data has been de­vel­oped to im­prove the qual­ity of phase mea­sure­ments ob­tained from har­monic analy­sis of LHC turn-by-turn data. We pre­sent the re­sults achieved on sim­u­la­tions demon­strat­ing the po­ten­tial of the new method and dis­cuss the ef­fect of the noise in light of op­tics cor­rec­tions com­puted from the cleaned data.  
poster icon Poster THPAB068 [0.881 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB068  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 13 July 2021       issue date ※ 02 September 2021  
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THPAB078 SOLEIL Update Status photon, injection, synchrotron, vacuum 3945
 
  • L.S. Nadolski, G. Abeillé, Y.-M. Abiven, F. Bouvet, P. Brunelle, A. Buteau, N. Béchu, I. Chado, M.-E. Couprie, X. Delétoille, A. Gamelin, C. Herbeaux, N. Hubert, J.-F. Lamarre, V. Leroux, A. Lestrade, A. Loulergue, P. Marchand, O. Marcouillé, A. Nadji, R. Nagaoka, S. Pierre-Joseph Zéphir, F. Ribeiro, G. Schagene, K. Tavakoli, M.-A. Tordeux
    SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
  
  SOLEIL is both a syn­chro­tron light source and a re­search lab­o­ra­tory at the cut­ting edge of ex­per­i­men­tal tech­niques ded­i­cated to mat­ter analy­sis down to the atomic scale, as well as a ser­vice plat­form open to all sci­en­tific and in­dus­trial com­mu­ni­ties. This French 2.75 GeV third gen­er­a­tion syn­chro­tron light source pro­vides today ex­tremely sta­ble pho­ton beams to 29 beam­lines (BLs) com­ple­men­tary to ESRF. We re­port fa­cil­ity per­for­mance, on­go­ing pro­jects and re­cent major achieve­ments. Major R&D areas will also be dis­cussed, and progress to­wards a lat­tice base­line for mak­ing SOLEIL a dif­frac­tion lim­ited stor­age ring.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB078  
About • paper received ※ 22 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 12 July 2021       issue date ※ 22 August 2021  
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THPAB097 Towards Arbitrary Pulse Shapes in the Terahertz Domain laser, electron, radiation, storage-ring 3977
 
  • C. Mai, B. Büsing, A. Held, S. Khan, D. Krieg
    DELTA, Dortmund, Germany
  
  Funding: Work supported by the BMBF (05K19PEC).
The TU Dort­mund Uni­ver­sity op­er­ates the 1.5-GeV elec­tron stor­age ring DELTA as a syn­chro­tron light source in user op­er­a­tion and for ac­cer­era­tor physics re­search. At a ded­i­cated beam­line, ex­per­i­ments with (sub-)THz ra­di­a­tion are car­ried out. Here, an in­ter­ac­tion of short laser pulses with elec­tron bunches is used to mod­u­late the elec­tron en­ergy which causes the for­ma­tion of a dip in the lon­gi­tu­di­nal elec­tron den­sity, giv­ing rise to the co­her­ent emis­sion of ra­di­a­tion be­tween 75 GHz and 6 THz. The stan­dard mode of op­er­a­tion is the gen­er­a­tion of broad­band ra­di­a­tion. How­ever, more so­phis­ti­cated en­ergy mod­u­la­tion schemes were im­ple­mented using a liq­uid-crys­tal phase mod­u­la­tor. Here, a mod­u­la­tion of the spec­tral phase of the laser is used to con­trol the spec­tral shape of the THz pulses. The re­sult­ing THz spec­tra have a rel­a­tive band­width of about 2 %. Mea­sure­ment re­sults from the dif­fer­ent THz gen­er­a­tion schemes are pre­sented. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB097  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 12 July 2021       issue date ※ 24 August 2021  
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THPAB138 FEbreak: A Comprehensive Diagnostic and Automated Conditioning Interface for Analysis of Breakdown and Dark Current Effects cavity, FPGA, real-time, software 4027
 
  • M.E. Schneider, S.V. Baryshev
    Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
  • R.L. Fleming, D. Gorelov, J.W. Lewellen, E.I. Simakov
    LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
  • E. Jevarjian
    MSU, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
  
  Funding: DE-AC02-06CH11357, No. DE-SC0018362, DE-NA-0003525, DE-AC52-06NA25396, LA-UR-21-20613
As the next gen­er­a­tion of ac­cel­er­a­tor tech­nol­ogy pushes to­wards being able to achieve higher and higher gra­di­ents there is a need to de­velop high-fre­quency struc­tures that can sup­port these fields *. The con­di­tion­ing process of the struc­tures and wave­guides to high gra­di­ent is a la­bor-in­ten­sive process, its length in­creases as the max­i­mum gra­di­ent is in­creased. This re­sults in the need to au­to­mate the con­di­tion­ing process. This au­toma­tion must allow for high ac­cu­racy cal­cu­la­tions of the break­down prob­a­bil­i­ties as­so­ci­ated with the con­di­tion­ing process which can be used to in­struct the con­di­tion­ing pro­ce­dure with­out the need for human in­ter­ven­tion. To au­to­mate the con­di­tion­ing process at LANL’s high gra­di­ent C-band ac­cel­er­a­tor test stand we de­vel­oped FEbreak that is a break­out prob­a­bil­ity and con­di­tion­ing au­toma­tion soft­ware that is a part of the FE­mas­ter se­ries **, ***, ****. FEbreak di­rectly in­ter­faces with the rest of FE­mas­ter to au­to­mate the data col­lec­tion and data pro­cess­ing to not only an­a­lyze the break­down prob­a­bil­ity but also the dark cur­rent ef­fects as­so­ci­ated with these high gra­di­ent struc­tures.
* E. I. Simakov Nuc. Inst. and Meth, in Phy. Research Section A: Acc. Spec, 907 221 (2019)
** E. Jevarjian arXiv:2009.13046
*** T. Y. Posos arXiv:2012.03578
**** M. Schneider arXiv:2012.10804
 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB138  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 July 2021       issue date ※ 16 August 2021  
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THPAB155 Strong Quadrupole Wakefield Based Focusing in Dielectric Wakefield Accelerators wakefield, focusing, simulation, electron 4059
 
  • W.J. Lynn, G. Andonian, N. Majernik, J.B. Rosenzweig
    UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
  
  Funding: Grant number: DOE HEP Grants DE-SC0017648, DE-SC0009914, and National Science Foundation Grant No. PHY-1549132.
We pro­pose here to ex­ploit the quadru­pole wake­fields in an al­ter­nat­ing sym­me­try slab-based di­elec­tric wake­field ac­cel­er­a­tor (DWA) to pro­duce sec­ond-or­der fo­cus­ing. The re­sul­tant fo­cus­ing is found to be strongly de­pen­dent on lon­gi­tu­di­nal po­si­tion in the bunch. We an­a­lyze this ef­fect with an­a­lyt­i­cal es­ti­mates and elec­tro­mag­netic PIC sim­u­la­tions. We ex­am­ine the use of this sce­nario to in­duce beam sta­bil­ity in very high gra­di­ent DWA, with pos­i­tive im­pli­ca­tions for ap­pli­ca­tions in lin­ear col­lid­ers and free-elec­tron lasers. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB155  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 27 July 2021       issue date ※ 19 August 2021  
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THPAB191 Physics-Enhanced Reinforcement Learning for Optimal Control network, lattice, simulation, alignment 4150
 
  • A.N. Ivanov, I.V. Agapov, A. Eichler, S. Tomin
    DESY, Hamburg, Germany
  
  We pro­pose an ap­proach for in­cor­po­rat­ing ac­cel­er­a­tor physics mod­els into re­in­force­ment learn­ing agents. The pro­posed ap­proach is based on the Tay­lor map­ping tech­nique for sim­u­la­tion of the par­ti­cle dy­nam­ics. The re­sult­ing com­pu­ta­tional graph is rep­re­sented as a poly­no­mial neural net­work and em­bed­ded into the tra­di­tional re­in­force­ment learn­ing agents. The ap­pli­ca­tion of the model is demon­strated in a non­lin­ear sim­u­la­tion model of beam trans­mis­sion. The com­par­i­son of the ap­proach with the tra­di­tional nu­mer­i­cal op­ti­miza­tion as well as neural net­works based agents demon­strates bet­ter con­ver­gence of the pro­posed tech­nique.  
poster icon Poster THPAB191 [0.846 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB191  
About • paper received ※ 11 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 29 July 2021       issue date ※ 24 August 2021  
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THPAB200 Cavity Control Modelling for SPS-to-LHC Beam Transfer Studies cavity, beam-loading, simulation, injection 4168
 
  • L.E. Medina Medrano, T. Argyropoulos, P. Baudrenghien, H. Timko
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  Funding: Research supported by the HL-LHC project.
To ac­cu­rately sim­u­late in­jec­tion losses in the LHC and the High-Lu­mi­nos­ity LHC era, a re­al­is­tic beam dis­tri­b­u­tion model at SPS ex­trac­tion is needed. To achieve this, the beam-load­ing com­pen­sa­tion by the SPS cav­ity con­troller has to be in­cluded, as it mod­u­lates the bunch po­si­tions with re­spect to the rf buck­ets. This dy­namic cav­ity con­trol model also al­lows gen­er­at­ing a more re­al­is­tic beam halo, from which the LHC in­jec­tion losses will mainly orig­i­nate. In this paper, the im­ple­men­ta­tion of the pre­sent SPS cav­ity con­troller in CERN’s Beam Lon­gi­tu­di­nal Dy­nam­ics par­ti­cle track­ing code is de­scribed. Just like in the ma­chine, the feed­back and feed­for­ward con­trols are in­cluded in the sim­u­la­tion model, as well as the gen­er­a­tor-beam-cav­ity in­ter­ac­tion. Bench­mark­ing against mea­sure­ments of the gen­er­ated beam dis­tri­b­u­tions at SPS ex­trac­tion are pre­sented. 		 
poster icon Poster THPAB200 [4.164 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB200  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 27 July 2021       issue date ※ 26 August 2021  
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THPAB232 Study of Nonlinear Properties of ESR via Tune Scans quadrupole, closed-orbit, optics, storage-ring 4250
 
  • G. Franchetti
    GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
  
  The ESR stor­age ring at GSI is a key ac­cel­er­a­tor for the FAIR phase zero. This phase re­quires sev­eral highly spe­cial­ized beam ma­nip­u­la­tions, which range from beam stor­age to de­cel­er­a­tion of sev­eral ion species with the ul­ti­mate goal to pro­vide in­tense highly charge ions to CRYRING. This plan will bring the ESR stor­age ring into a unique un­ex­plored regime of ac­cel­er­a­tor op­er­a­tions where non­lin­ear dy­nam­ics, IBS, cool­ing, and high in­ten­sity will all be­come strongly in­ter­de­pen­dent. It is, there­fore, nec­es­sary to ac­quire the best knowl­edge of the ma­chine start­ing from its non­lin­ear dy­nam­ics prop­er­ties. In this work, we pre­sent the de­vel­op­ment of a strat­egy to be used in the ESR, in which tune scans are used to ex­plore the non­lin­ear prop­er­ties of the ac­cel­er­a­tor. This ap­proach is dis­cussed with the help of sim­u­la­tions.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB232  
About • paper received ※ 13 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 13 July 2021       issue date ※ 25 August 2021  
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THPAB243 Optimizing Mu2e Spill Regulation System Algorithms extraction, simulation, network, resonance 4281
 
  • A. Narayanan
    Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, USA
  • K.J. Hazelwood, M.A. Ibrahim, V.P. Nagaslaev, D.J. Nicklaus, P.S. Prieto, B.A. Schupbach, K. Seiya, R.M. Thurman-Keup, N.V. Tran
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  • H. Liu, S. Memik, R. Shi, M. Thieme
    Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
  
  Funding: The work has been performed at Fermilab. Fermilab is managed by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC (FRA), acting under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359.
A slow ex­trac­tion sys­tem is being de­vel­oped for the Fer­mi­lab’s De­liv­ery Ring to de­liver pro­tons to the Mu2e ex­per­i­ment. Dur­ing the ex­trac­tion, the beam on tar­get ex­pe­ri­ences small in­ten­sity vari­a­tions owing to many fac­tors. Var­i­ous adap­tive learn­ing al­go­rithms will be em­ployed for beam reg­u­la­tion to achieve the re­quired spill qual­ity. We dis­cuss here pre­lim­i­nary re­sults of the slow and fast reg­u­la­tion al­go­rithms val­i­da­tion through the com­puter sim­u­la­tions be­fore their im­ple­men­ta­tion in the FPGA. Par­ti­cle track­ing with sex­tu­pole res­o­nance was used to de­ter­mine the fine shape of the spill pro­file. Fast semi-an­a­lyt­i­cal sim­u­la­tion schemes and Ma­chine Learn­ing mod­els were used to op­ti­mize the fast reg­u­la­tion loop. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB243  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 28 July 2021       issue date ※ 20 August 2021  
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THPAB249 X-Ray Beam Position Monitor (XBPM) Calibration at NSRC Solaris photon, undulator, insertion, radiation 4292
 
  • M. Waniczek, A. Curcio, G.W. Kowalski, R. Panaś, A.I. Wawrzyniak
    NSRC SOLARIS, Kraków, Poland
  
  Dur­ing the in­stal­la­tion of Front-ends in sec­tions 4th (XMCD beam­line fron­tend) and 6th (PHE­LIX beam­line fron­tend) at Na­tional Syn­chro­tron Ra­di­a­tion Cen­tre So­laris (NSRC So­laris), two units (one for each front end) of X-ray Beam Po­si­tion Mon­i­tors (XBPM) have been in­stalled as a di­ag­nos­tic tool en­abling for mea­sure­ment of pho­ton beam po­si­tion. Hard­ware units of XBPM were man­u­fac­tured, de­liv­ered, and even­tu­ally in­stalled in So­laris by FMB Berlin. In order to get read­outs of beam po­si­tion from XBPM units, Lib­era Pho­ton 2016 con­troller has been used as a com­ple­men­tary elec­tronic de­vice. Since XBPM units are sup­posed to be used along with the in­ser­tion de­vice, an on-site Lib­era cal­i­bra­tion was nec­es­sary. Lib­era’s cal­i­bra­tion re­quired few it­er­a­tions of scans in­volv­ing gap and phase move­ment of in­ser­tion de­vices at the 4th and 6th sec­tions of the So­laris ring. The main focus was put on the de­riva­tion of Kx, and Ky co­ef­fi­cients. The con­tent of this doc­u­ment de­scribes step by step the pro­ce­dure of Lib­era’s Kx, Ky co­ef­fi­cients value de­riva­tion at NSRC So­laris.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB249  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 17 July 2021       issue date ※ 13 August 2021  
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THPAB250 Fire Detection System Reliability Analysis: An Operational Data-Based Framework framework, operation, detector, database 4296
 
  • M.M.C. Averna, G. Gai
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  
  This paper de­scribes a frame­work de­vel­oped at CERN, con­duct­ing re­li­a­bil­ity analy­sis of Safety-Crit­i­cal Sys­tems (Fire de­tec­tion and Alarms) based on op­er­a­tional data. It ap­plies Fault-Tree Analy­sis on main­te­nance-re­lated data, cat­e­go­rized based on the com­po­nent on fail­ure. This frame­work, a tool im­ple­mented in Python, ac­counts for Fire De­tec­tion com­po­nents in­stalled in tun­nels and sur­face build­ings (con­trol pan­els, de­tec­tors, etc) and safety func­tions trig­gered upon de­tec­tion (evac­u­a­tion, alarms to the CERN Fire Brigade, com­part­men­tal­iza­tion, elec­tri­cal iso­la­tion, etc). The use­ful­ness of the re­sults of this type of analy­sis is twofold. Firstly, the re­sults are a sup­port­ing tool for es­ti­mat­ing the yearly avail­abil­ity of Fire De­tec­tion Sys­tems in crit­i­cal fa­cil­i­ties, cru­cial in Cap­i­tal and Op­er­a­tional Ex­pen­di­ture iden­ti­fi­ca­tion. Ad­di­tion­ally, this ap­proach re­fines the fre­quency analy­sis as part of quan­ti­ta­tive fire risk as­sess­ments per­formed in the con­text of the FIRIA (Fire-In­duced Ra­di­o­log­i­cal In­te­grated As­sess­ment) Pro­ject, launched by CERN in 2018 and aim­ing at as­sess­ing the risk of fire events in ex­per­i­men­tal fa­cil­i­ties with po­ten­tial ra­di­o­logic con­se­quences to the pub­lic.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB250  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 19 July 2021       issue date ※ 22 August 2021  
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THPAB252 Machine Learning for Improved Availability of the SNS Klystron High Voltage Converter Modulators operation, klystron, real-time, high-voltage 4303
 
  • G.C. Pappas
    ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  • D. Lu
    ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  • M. Schram
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  • D.L. Vrabie
    PNNL, Richland, Washington, USA
  
  Funding: SNS/ORNL is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 for the U.S. Department of Energy
Beam avail­abil­ity has in­creased at the SNS, how­ever, the tar­geted avail­abil­ity is greater than 95 %, while the SNS has failed to meet lower tar­gets in the past. The HVCM used to power the linac kly­strons have been one source of lost beam time and was cho­sen to ex­plore using AI/ML tech­niques to im­prove re­li­a­bil­ity. Among the pos­si­bil­i­ties being ex­plored are au­tomat­ing the tun­ing of HVCMs and pre­dict­ing com­po­nent fail­ures such as ca­pac­i­tor aging, rec­ti­fier as­sem­blies con­tain­ing hun­dreds of diodes, and in­su­lat­ing oil degra­da­tion. The method­ol­ogy pur­sued in­cludes data clean­ing, de-nois­ing, post-analy­sis data la­bel­ing, and ma­chine learn­ing model de­vel­op­ment. We ex­plore using Long Short-Term Mem­ory and au­toen­coders for anom­aly de­tec­tion and prog­nos­ti­ca­tion used to sched­ule main­te­nance. We eval­u­ate the use of model reg­u­lar­iz­ers and con­straints to im­prove the per­for­mance of the model and in­ves­ti­gate meth­ods to es­ti­mate the un­cer­tainty of the mod­els to pro­vide a ro­bust pre­dic­tion with sta­tis­ti­cal in­ter­op­er­abil­ity. This paper de­scribes the op­er­a­tional ex­pe­ri­ence and known fail­ures of the HVCMs and the pro­posed ML method­ol­ogy and the pre­lim­i­nary re­sults of train­ing the AI/ML al­go­rithms.
* G. Dodson, Approach to Reliable Operations, 26-DodsonApproach to Reliable Operation-r1.pdf, Feb., 2010. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB252  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 14 July 2021       issue date ※ 29 August 2021  
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THPAB257 Fast Orbit Corrector Power Supply in MTCA.4 Form Factor for Sirius Light Source power-supply, feedback, hardware, target 4307
 
  • A.F. Giachero, G.B.M. Bruno, L.M. Russo, D.O. Tavares
    LNLS, Campinas, Brazil
  
  A new fast orbit feed­back (FOFB) hard­ware ar­chi­tec­ture has been pur­sued at Sir­ius. The fast cor­rec­tor mag­nets’ are fed by power sup­ply mod­ules which are placed in the same Mi­croTCA.4 crates where the BPM dig­i­tiz­ers and FOFB con­trollers are lo­cated. Each chan­nel is made of a 3-Watt lin­ear am­pli­fier whose out­put cur­rents are dig­i­tally con­trolled by the same FPGA where the dis­trib­uted orbit feed­back con­troller is processed. The am­pli­fier is spec­i­fied to reach up to 10 kHz small-sig­nal band­width on a 3.5 mH in­duc­tance mag­net and ±1 A full scale, which trans­lates to 30 urad de­flec­tion on Sir­ius’ 3 GeV beam. Such a high level of in­te­gra­tion aims at min­i­miz­ing the over­all la­tency of the FOFB loop while lever­ag­ing the crate in­fra­struc­ture, namely elec­tron­ics en­clo­sure, DC power, cool­ing, and hard­ware man­age­ment sup­port al­ready pro­vided by the MTCA.4 crates. The fast cor­rec­tor power sup­ply chan­nels are placed on Rear Tran­si­tion Mod­ules (RTMs) which are at­tached to the front AMC FPGA mod­ule where the FOFB con­troller is im­ple­mented. This paper will de­scribe the main de­sign con­cepts and re­port on the ex­per­i­men­tal re­sults of the first pro­to­types.  
poster icon Poster THPAB257 [48.881 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB257  
About • paper received ※ 22 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 27 July 2021       issue date ※ 20 August 2021  
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THPAB259 High Level Applications for Sirius Accelerators Control EPICS, operation, MMI, interface 4314
 
  • A.C.S. Oliveira, M.B. Alves, L. Liu, X.R. Resende, F.H. de Sá
    LNLS, Campinas, Brazil
  
  Sir­ius is a 4th gen­er­a­tion 3 GeV syn­chro­tron light source that has just fi­nalised the first com­mis­sion­ing phase at the Brazil­ian Cen­ter for Re­search in En­ergy and Ma­te­ri­als (CNPEM) cam­pus in Camp­inas, Brazil. The large num­ber of process vari­ables and large com­plex­ity of the sub­sys­tems in this type of ma­chine re­quires the de­vel­op­ment of tools to sim­plify the com­mis­sion­ing and op­er­a­tion of the ac­cel­er­a­tors. This paper de­scribes some of the high level con­trol tools de­vel­oped for the ac­cel­er­a­tors com­mis­sion­ing and fu­ture op­er­a­tion.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB259  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 13 July 2021       issue date ※ 21 August 2021  
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THPAB260 Detection and Classification of Collective Beam Behaviour in the LHC extraction, operation, injection, network 4318
 
  • L. Coyle, F. Blanc, T. Pieloni, M. Schenk
    EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
  • X. Buffat, M. Solfaroli Camillocci, J. Wenninger
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  • E. Krymova, G. Obozinski
    SDSC, Lausanne, Switzerland
  
  Col­lec­tive in­sta­bil­i­ties can lead to a se­vere de­te­ri­o­ra­tion of beam qual­ity, in terms of re­duced beam in­ten­sity and in­creased beam emit­tance, and con­se­quently a re­duc­tion of the col­lider’s lu­mi­nos­ity. It is there­fore cru­cial for the op­er­a­tion of the CERN’s Large Hadron Col­lider to un­der­stand the con­di­tions in which they ap­pear in order to find ap­pro­pri­ate mit­i­ga­tion mea­sures. Using bunch-by-bunch and turn-by-turn beam am­pli­tude data, cour­tesy of the trans­verse damper’s ob­ser­va­tion box (Ob­s­Box), a novel ma­chine learn­ing based ap­proach is de­vel­oped to both de­tect and clas­sify these in­sta­bil­i­ties. By train­ing an au­toen­coder neural net­work on the Ob­s­Box am­pli­tude data and using the model’s re­con­struc­tion error, in­sta­bil­i­ties and other phe­nom­ena are sep­a­rated from nom­i­nal beam be­hav­iour. Ad­di­tion­ally, the la­tent space en­cod­ing of this au­toen­coder of­fers a unique image like rep­re­sen­ta­tion of the beam am­pli­tude sig­nal. Lever­ag­ing this la­tent space rep­re­sen­ta­tion al­lows us to clus­ter the var­i­ous types of anom­alous sig­nals.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB260  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 19 July 2021       issue date ※ 27 August 2021  
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THPAB268 Hierarchical Intelligent Real-Time Optimal Control for LLRF Using Time Series Machine Learning Methods and Transfer Learning LLRF, cavity, network, simulation 4329
 
  • R. Pirayesh, S. Biedron
    UNM-ME, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
  • S. Biedron, J.A. Diaz Cruz, M. Martínez-Ramón
    UNM-ECE, Albuquerque, USA
  • J.A. Diaz Cruz
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  
  Funding: supported by DOE, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, under award number DE-SC0019468, Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515, also supported Office of Basic Energy Sciences. ALCF, Element Aero
Ma­chine learn­ing (ML) has re­cently been ap­plied to Low-level RF (LLRF) con­trol sys­tems to keep the volt­age and phase of Su­per­con­duct­ing Ra­diofre­quency (SRF) cav­i­ties sta­ble within 0.01 de­gree in phase and 0.01% am­pli­tude as con­straints. Model pre­dic­tive con­trol (MPC) uses an op­ti­miza­tion al­go­rithm of­fline to min­i­mize a cost func­tion with con­straints on the states and con­trol input. The sur­ro­gate model op­ti­mally con­trols the cav­i­ties on­line. Time se­ries deep ML struc­tures in­clud­ing re­cur­rent neural net­work (RNN) and long short-term mem­ory (LSTM) can model the con­trol input of MPC and dy­nam­ics of LLRF as a sur­ro­gate model. When the pre­dicted states di­verge from the mea­sured states more than a thresh­old at each time step, the states’ mea­sure­ments from the cav­ity fine-tune the sur­ro­gate model with trans­fer learn­ing. MPC does the op­ti­miza­tion of­fline again with the up­dated sur­ro­gate model, and, next, trans­fer learn­ing fine-tunes the sur­ro­gate model with the new data from the op­ti­mal con­trol in­puts. The sur­ro­gate model pro­vides us with a com­pu­ta­tion­ally faster and ac­cu­rate mod­el­ing of MPC and LLRF, which in turn re­sults in a more sta­ble con­trol sys­tem.
Machine learning, Surrogate model, control, LLRF, MPC, Transfer learning 		 
poster icon Poster THPAB268 [0.377 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB268  
About • paper received ※ 16 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 13 July 2021       issue date ※ 18 August 2021  
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THPAB271 JLAB LLRF 3.0 Development and Tests cavity, LLRF, FPGA, cryomodule 4340
 
  • T.E. Plawski, R. Bachimanchi, S. Higgins, C. Hovater, J. Latshaw, C.I. Mounts, D.J. Seidman, J. Yan
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  
  The Jef­fer­son Lab LLRF 3.0 sys­tem is being de­vel­oped to re­place legacy LLRF sys­tems in the CEBAF ac­cel­er­a­tor. The new de­sign builds upon 25 years of de­sign and op­er­a­tional RF con­trol ex­pe­ri­ence, and our re­cent col­lab­o­ra­tion in the de­sign of the LCLSII LLRF sys­tem. The new cav­ity con­trol al­go­rithm is a fully func­tional phase and am­pli­tude locked Self Ex­cit­ing Loop (SEL). This paper dis­cusses the progress of the LLRF 3.0 hard­ware de­sign, FPGA firmware de­vel­op­ment, User Data­gram Pro­to­col (UDP) op­er­a­tion, and re­cent LLRF 3.0 sys­tem tests on the CEBAF Booster cry­omod­ule in the Up­grade In­jec­tor Test Fa­cil­ity (UITF).  
poster icon Poster THPAB271 [1.940 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB271  
About • paper received ※ 14 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 06 July 2021       issue date ※ 20 August 2021  
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THPAB287 Providing Computing Power for High Level Controllers in MicroTCA-based LLRF Systems via PCI Express Extension LLRF, software, Ethernet, cavity 4363
 
  • P. Nonn, A. Eichler, S. Pfeiffer, H. Schlarb, J.H.K. Timm
    DESY, Hamburg, Germany
  
  It is pos­si­ble to con­nect the PCIe bus of a high per­for­mance com­puter to a Mi­croTCA crate. This al­lows the soft­ware on the com­puter to com­mu­ni­cate with the mod­ules in the crate, as if they were pe­riph­er­als of the com­puter. This ar­ti­cle will dis­cuss the use of this fea­ture in re­spect to ac­cel­er­a­tor con­trol with a focus on High Level Con­trollers.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB287  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 26 July 2021       issue date ※ 16 August 2021  
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THPAB300 Structure Design and Motion Analysis of 6-DOF Sample Positioning Platform radiation, synchrotron-radiation, GUI, synchrotron 4387
 
  • G.Y. Wang, J.X. Chen, L. Liu, R.H. Liu, C.J. Ning, A.X. Wang, J.B. Yu, Y.J. Yu, J.S. Zhang
    IHEP CSNS, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
  • L. Kang
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  
  with the de­vel­op­ment of syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion (SR) light source tech­nol­ogy, in order to meet the re­quire­ments of sam­ple po­si­tion­ing plat­form of some beam­line sta­tions, such as ad­just­ing res­o­lu­tion at the nanome­ter level and hav­ing larger sam­ple scan­ning dis­tance, a six de­gree of free­dom po­si­tion­ing plat­form based on space­fab struc­ture was de­vel­oped. The key tech­nolo­gies such as co­or­di­nate pa­ra­me­ter trans­for­ma­tion, kine­mat­ics analy­sis, and ad­just­ment de­cou­pling al­go­rithm of 6-DOF pose ad­just­ment sys­tem of Space­FAB po­si­tion­ing plat­form are mainly stud­ied. A 6-DOF plat­form dri­ven by a step­ping motor is de­signed and man­u­fac­tured. The con­trol sys­tem of the 6-DOF Plat­form Based on bus con­trol is de­vel­oped, and the ad­just­ment ac­cu­racy is tested. The re­peated po­si­tion­ing ac­cu­racy of the plat­form in three di­rec­tions is 0.019 mm, and that of ro­ta­tion is 0.011 ° in three di­rec­tions. The test re­sults ver­ify the cor­rect­ness of the the­o­ret­i­cal analy­sis of Space­FAB struc­ture and the ra­tio­nal­ity of mech­a­nism de­sign. The re­search on the plat­form mo­tion al­go­rithm and con­trol sys­tem has im­por­tant ref­er­ence value for the fol­low-up re­search of large stroke nano-6-dof po­si­tion­ing plat­form.  
poster icon Poster THPAB300 [1.517 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB300  
About • paper received ※ 16 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 06 July 2021       issue date ※ 02 September 2021  
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THPAB319 RF Power Generating System for the Linear Ion Accelerator DTL, rfq, MEBT, power-supply 4417
 
  • V.G. Kuzmichev, T. Kulevoy, D.A. Liakin, D.N. Selesnev, A. Sitnikov
    ITEP, Moscow, Russia
  • M.L. Smetanin, A.V. Telnov, N.V. Zavyalov
    VNIIEF, Sarov, Russia
  
  An RF power sup­ply sys­tem based on solid-state am­pli­fiers has been de­vel­oped for the lin­ear ac­cel­er­a­tor of heavy ions. The re­port con­tains in­for­ma­tion on the char­ac­ter­is­tics and com­po­si­tion of the sys­tem, pre­sents the LLRF struc­ture for RFQ and DTL sec­tions.  
poster icon Poster THPAB319 [0.275 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB319  
About • paper received ※ 16 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 16 August 2021       issue date ※ 19 August 2021  
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THPAB335 Optical Phase Space Mapping Using a Digital Micro-Mirror Device experiment, radiation, GUI, optics 4439
 
  • M. Vujanovic, R.B. Fiorito, C.P. Welsch, J. Wolfenden
    The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
  • A.L. Kippax
    Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  
  Funding: This project has received funding from European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No 721559.
Op­ti­cal tran­si­tion ra­di­a­tion (OTR) is rou­tinely used to mea­sure trans­verse beam size, di­ver­gence , and emit­tance of charged par­ti­cle beams. Pre­sented here is an ex­per­i­men­tal method, which uses mi­cro-mir­ror de­vice (DMD) to con­duct op­ti­cal phase space map­ping (OPSM). OPSM will be a next step and sig­nif­i­cant en­hance­ment of the mea­sure­ments ca­pa­bil­i­ties of an adap­tive op­tics-based beam char­ac­ter­i­za­tion sys­tem. For this mea­sure­ments, a DMD will be used to gen­er­ate a re­flec­tive mask that repli­cates the dou­ble slit. Since the DMD makes it pos­si­ble to eas­ily change the size, shape and po­si­tion of the mask, the use of the DMD will greatly sim­plify OPSM and make it more flex­i­ble, faster and more use­ful for di­ag­nos­tics ap­pli­ca­tions. The process can be au­to­mated and in­te­grated into a con­trol sys­tem that can be used to op­ti­mize the beam trans­port. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB335  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 27 July 2021       issue date ※ 28 August 2021  
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THPAB336 Novel Magnetron Operation and Control Methods for Superconducting RF Accelerators injection, operation, cavity, SRF 4442
 
  • G.M. Kazakevich, R.P. Johnson
    Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA
  • T.N. Khabiboulline, G.V. Romanov, V.P. Yakovlev
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  
  High power mag­netrons de­signed and op­ti­mized for in­dus­trial heat­ing, being in­jec­tion-locked, have been sug­gested to power su­per­con­duct­ing RF cav­i­ties for ac­cel­er­a­tors due to lower cost and higher ef­fi­ciency. How­ever, stan­dard op­er­a­tion meth­ods do not pro­vide high ef­fi­ciency with wide­band con­trol sup­press­ing mi­cro­phon­ics. We have de­vel­oped and ex­per­i­men­tally ver­i­fied novel meth­ods of op­er­at­ing and con­trol­ling the mag­netron that pro­vide sta­ble RF gen­er­a­tion with higher ef­fi­ciency and lower noise than other RF sources. By our method the mag­netrons op­er­ate with the anode volt­age no­tably lower than the self-ex­ci­ta­tion thresh­old im­prov­ing its per­for­mance. This is also a promis­ing way to in­crease tube re­li­a­bil­ity and longevity. A mag­netron op­er­at­ing with the anode volt­age lower than the self-ex­ci­ta­tion thresh­old, in so-called stim­u­lated co­her­ent gen­er­a­tion mode has spe­cial ad­van­tage for pulse op­er­a­tion with a gated in­jec­tion-lock­ing sig­nal. This elim­i­nates the need for ex­pen­sive pulsed HV mod­u­la­tors and ad­di­tion­ally in­creases the mag­netron RF source ef­fi­ciency due to ab­sence of losses in HV mod­u­la­tors.  
poster icon Poster THPAB336 [0.960 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB336  
About • paper received ※ 15 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 08 July 2021       issue date ※ 22 August 2021  
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THPAB337 Resonance Control System for the PIP-II IT HWR Cryomodule cavity, feedback, cryomodule, resonance 4446
 
  • P. Varghese, B.E. Chase, P.M. Hanlet, H. Maniar, D.J. Nicklaus, S. Sankar Raman
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  • L.R. Doolittle, S. Paiagua, C. Serrano
    LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
  
  The HWR (half-wave-res­onator) cry­omod­ule is the first one in the su­per­con­duct­ing sec­tion of the PIP-II LINAC pro­ject at Fer­mi­lab. PIP-II IT is a test fa­cil­ity for the pro­ject where the in­jec­tor, warm front-end, and the first two su­per­con­duct­ing cry­omod­ules are being tested. The HWR cry­omod­ule com­prises 8 cav­i­ties op­er­at­ing at a fre­quency of 162.5 MHz and ac­cel­er­at­ing beam up to 10 MeV. Res­o­nance con­trol of the cav­i­ties is per­formed with a pneu­mat­i­cally op­er­ated slow tuner which com­presses the cav­ity at the beam ports. He­lium gas pres­sure in a bel­lows mounted to an end wall of the cav­ity is con­trolled by two so­le­noid valves, one on the pres­sure side and one on the vac­uum side. The res­o­nant fre­quency of the cav­ity can be con­trolled in one of two modes. A pres­sure feed­back con­trol loop can hold the cav­ity tuner pres­sure at a fixed value for the de­sired res­o­nant fre­quency. Al­ter­nately, the feed­back loop can reg­u­late the cav­ity tuner pres­sure to bring the RF de­tun­ing error to zero. The res­o­nance con­troller is in­te­grated into the LLRF con­trol sys­tem for the cry­omod­ule. The con­trol sys­tem de­sign and per­for­mance of the res­o­nance con­trol sys­tem are de­scribed in this paper.  
poster icon Poster THPAB337 [4.426 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB337  
About • paper received ※ 12 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 26 July 2021       issue date ※ 27 August 2021  
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THPAB338 Performance of the LLRF System for the Fermilab PIP-II Injector Test cavity, LLRF, resonance, cryomodule 4450
 
  • P. Varghese, B.E. Chase, P.M. Hanlet, H. Maniar, D.J. Nicklaus
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  • L.R. Doolittle, C. Serrano
    LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
  
  PIP-II IT is a test fa­cil­ity for the PIP-II pro­ject where the in­jec­tor, warm front-end, and the first two su­per­con­duct­ing cry­omod­ules are being tested. The 8-cav­ity half-wave-res­onator (HWR) cry­omod­ule op­er­at­ing at 162.5 MHz is fol­lowed by the 8-cav­ity sin­gle-spoke res­onator(SSR1) cry­omod­ule op­er­at­ing at 325 MHz. The LLRF sys­tems for both cry­omod­ules are based on a com­mon SOC FPGA-based hard­ware plat­form. The res­o­nance con­trol sys­tems for the two cry­omod­ules are quite dif­fer­ent, the first being a pneu­matic sys­tem based on he­lium pres­sure and the lat­ter a piezo/step­per motor type con­trol. The data ac­qui­si­tion and con­trol sys­tem can sup­port both CW and Pulsed mode op­er­a­tions. Beam load­ing com­pen­sa­tion is avail­able which can be used for both man­ual/au­to­matic con­trol in the LLRF sys­tem. The user in­ter­faces in­clude EPICS, Lab­view, and ACNET. Test­ing of the RF sys­tem has pro­gressed to the point of being ready for a 2 mA beam to be ac­cel­er­ated to 25 MeV. The de­sign and per­for­mance of the field con­trol and res­o­nance con­trol sys­tem op­er­a­tion with beam are pre­sented in this paper.  
poster icon Poster THPAB338 [5.482 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB338  
About • paper received ※ 13 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 27 July 2021       issue date ※ 24 August 2021  
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THPAB347 Status of Sirius Storage Ring RF System cavity, operation, storage-ring, MMI 4470
 
  • A.P.B. Lima, D. Daminelli, R.H.A. Farias, F.K.G. Hoshino, F.S. Oliveira, R.R.C. Santos, M.H. Wallner
    LNLS, Campinas, Brazil
  
  The de­sign con­fig­u­ra­tion of the Sir­ius Light Source RF Sys­tem is based on two su­per­con­duct­ing RF cav­i­ties and eight 60 kW solid state am­pli­fiers op­er­at­ing at 500 MHz. The cur­rent con­fig­u­ra­tion, based on a 7-cell room tem­per­a­ture cav­ity, was ini­tially planned for com­mis­sion­ing and ini­tial tests of the beam­lines. How­ever, it will have to re­main in op­er­a­tion longer than planned. Sir­ius has been op­er­at­ing in decay mode for beam­line tests with an ini­tial cur­rent of 70 mA. We pre­sent an overview of the first-year op­er­a­tion of the RF sys­tem and the prepa­ra­tions for the in­stal­la­tion of the two su­per­con­duct­ing cav­i­ties, which is ex­pected to take place in 2023.  
poster icon Poster THPAB347 [1.322 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB347  
About • paper received ※ 16 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 23 July 2021       issue date ※ 26 August 2021  
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THPAB349 Feed-Forward Neural Network Based Modelling of an Ultrafast Laser for Enhanced Control laser, network, electron, cathode 4478
 
  • A. Aslam, M. Martínez-Ramón, S.D. Scott
    UNM-ECE, Albuquerque, USA
  • S. Biedron
    Argonne National Laboratory, Office of Naval Research Project, Argonne, Illinois, USA
  • S. Biedron
    Element Aero, Chicago, USA
  • S. Biedron
    UNM-ME, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
  • M. Burger, J. Murphy
    NERS-UM, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
  • K.M. Krushelnick, J. Nees, A.G.R. Thomas
    University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
  • Y. Ma
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  • Y. Ma
    Michigan University, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
  
  Funding: Acknowledgements: This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, under award number DE-SC0019468.
The ap­pli­ca­tions of ma­chine learn­ing in today’s world en­com­pass all fields of life and phys­i­cal sci­ences. In this paper, we im­ple­ment a ma­chine learn­ing based al­go­rithm in the con­text of laser physics and par­ti­cle ac­cel­er­a­tors. Specif­i­cally, a neural net­work-based op­ti­mi­sa­tion al­go­rithm has been de­vel­oped that of­fers en­hanced con­trol over an ul­tra­fast fem­tosec­ond laser in com­par­i­son to the tra­di­tional Pro­por­tional In­te­gral and de­riv­a­tive (PID) con­trols. This re­search opens a new po­ten­tial of util­is­ing ma­chine learn­ing and even deep learn­ing tech­niques to im­prove the per­for­mance of sev­eral dif­fer­ent lasers and ac­cel­er­a­tors sys­tems. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB349  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 July 2021       issue date ※ 17 August 2021  
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THPAB354 Deployment and Commissioning of the CERN PS Injection Kicker System for Operation with 2 GeV Beams in Short Circuit Mode kicker, injection, operation, MMI 4489
 
  • T. Kramer, N. Ayala, J.C.C.M. Borburgh, P.A.H. Burkel, E. Carlier, L. Ducimetière, L.M.C. Feliciano, A. Ferrero Colomo, M.A. Fraser, L.A. Govertsen, R. Noulibos, S. Pavis, L. Sermeus
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  Within the frame­work of the LHC In­jec­tor Up­grade (LIU) pro­ject, the fea­si­bil­ity and de­sign of an up­grade of the ex­ist­ing CERN PS pro­ton in­jec­tion kicker sys­tem have been out­lined in pre­vi­ous pub­li­ca­tions al­ready. This paper de­scribes the ad­just­ments of final de­sign choices, test­ing, and de­ploy­ment as well as the val­i­da­tion and com­mis­sion­ing of the new 2 GeV in­jec­tion kicker sys­tem. The up­grade pays par­tic­u­lar at­ten­tion to the re­duc­tion of pulse re­flec­tions un­avoid­ably in­duced by a mag­net in short cir­cuit mode con­fig­u­ra­tion whilst keep­ing a fast 104 ns rise and fall time. An adapted thyra­tron trig­ger­ing sys­tem to re­duce jit­ter and en­hance thyra­tron life­time is out­lined. Ad­di­tion­ally, im­prove­ments to the mag­net entry box and the elim­i­na­tion of SF6 gas in the mag­net con­nec­tion box and the as­so­ci­ated pulse trans­mis­sion lines are dis­cussed.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB354  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 14 July 2021       issue date ※ 10 August 2021  
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THPAB356 Progress and Status on Civil Construction of the SIS100 Accelerator Building site, status, radiation, HOM 4493
 
  • M. Draisbach, N. Pyka, P.J. Spiller
    GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
  • J. Blaurock, M. Ossendorf
    FAIR, Darmstadt, Germany
  
  Be­sides the ac­cel­er­a­tor ma­chine it­self, civil con­struc­tion of the ac­cel­er­a­tor ring tun­nel build­ing in the north­ern area of the FAIR cam­pus is a core ac­tiv­ity of the rapidly pro­gress­ing FAIR pro­ject. It will fa­cil­i­tate and sup­ply the fu­ture SIS100 ac­cel­er­a­tor at 17m un­der­ground level and has been grow­ing con­tin­u­ously and ac­cord­ing to sched­ule since ground­break­ing in 2017. This con­tri­bu­tion pre­sents the cur­rent sta­tus of the civil con­struc­tion progress and gives an op­ti­mistic fore­cast for the prepa­ra­tion of ma­chine in­stal­la­tion.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB356  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 06 July 2021       issue date ※ 15 August 2021  
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FRXC06 Development of the Prototype of the Cavity BPM System for SHINE cavity, FEL, experiment, electron 4552
 
  • J. Chen, Y.B. Leng, R.X. Yuan
    SSRF, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
  • S.S. Cao
    SINAP, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
  • L.W. Lai
    SARI-CAS, Pudong, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
  
  The Shang­hai high rep­e­ti­tion rate XFEL and ex­treme light fa­cil­ity (SHINE) under con­struc­tion is de­signed as one of the most ad­vanced FEL fa­cil­i­ties in the world, which will pro­duce co­her­ent x-rays with wave­lengths from 0.05 to 3 nm and max­i­mum rep­e­ti­tion rate of 1MHz. In order to achieve pre­cise, sta­ble align­ment of the elec­tron and photo beams in the un­du­la­tor, the pro­to­type of the cav­ity beam po­si­tion mon­i­tors (CBPM) in­clud­ing C-band and X-band have been de­signed and fab­ri­cated for the SHINE. And the re­quire­ment of the trans­verse po­si­tion res­o­lu­tion is bet­ter than 200 nm for a sin­gle bunch of 100 pC at the dy­namic range of ±100 µm. In this paper, we pre­sent the de­sign of the cav­ity with high loaded Q and the RF front-end with low noise-fig­ure, ad­justable gain, sin­gle-stage down-con­ver­sion and phase-locked with ref­er­ence clock, and also de­scribed the struc­ture and spec­i­fi­ca­tions of the home-made data ac­qui­si­tion (DAQ) sys­tem. The con­struc­tion of the ex­per­i­ment plat­form and pre­lim­i­nary mea­sure­ment re­sult with beam at Shang­hai Soft X-ray FEL fa­cil­ity (SXFEL) will be ad­dressed as well.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-FRXC06  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 06 July 2021       issue date ※ 17 August 2021  
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