Keyword: ion-source
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MOPAB132 The Multi-Mega-Watt Target Station for the European Spallation Source Neutrino Super Beam target, proton, experiment, hadron 466
 
  • E. Baussan, E. Bouquerel, L. D’Alessi, M. Dracos, P. Poussot, J. Thomas, J. Wurtz, V. Zeter
    IPHC, Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
  • P. Cupial, M. Koziol, L.J. Lacny, J. Snamina
    AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
  • I. Efthymiopoulos
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  • T. Tolba
    University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
  
  Funding: This project has received funding from the European Union Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 777419 and also by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft No 423761110.
One of the next chal­lenges in fun­da­men­tal physics is to un­der­stand the ori­gin of mat­ter/an­ti­mat­ter asym­me­try in the Uni­verse. In par­tic­u­lar, in­tense neu­tri­nos could play an im­por­tant role to elu­ci­date this mys­tery and bet­ter un­der­stand the ex­pan­sion of the Uni­verse. The ESS­nuSB col­lab­o­ra­tion pro­poses to use the pro­ton linac of the Eu­ro­pean Spal­la­tion Source cur­rently under con­struc­tion in Lund (Swe­den) to pro­duce a very in­tense neu­trino super beam, in par­al­lel with the spal­la­tion neu­tron pro­duc­tion. A very chal­leng­ing part of the pro­posed fa­cil­ity is the Tar­get Sta­tion which will have to af­ford 5 MW pro­ton beam power. This poster will pre­sent the hadronic col­lec­tor and the whole fa­cil­ity to pro­duce the next gen­er­a­tion of neu­trino su­per­beam. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB132  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 27 May 2021       issue date ※ 18 August 2021  
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MOPAB159 Matching of an RFQ and Multicusp Ion Source with Compact LEBT rfq, LEBT, cyclotron, simulation 546
 
  • L.H. Waites, J.M. Conrad, J. Smolsky, D. Winklehner
    MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
  
  Funding: NSF provided funding for RFQ-DIP project, Draper Laboratory provided fellowship for graduate studnets
The Iso­DAR pro­ject is a neu­trino ex­per­i­ment that re­quires a high cur­rent H2+ beam at 60 MeV/amu, which will be pro­duced by a cy­clotron. A crit­i­cal as­pect of the de­sign is the in­jec­tion, which com­prises an ion source, a com­pact low en­ergy beam trans­port sec­tion (LEBT), and a ra­dio-fre­quency quadru­pole (RFQ) buncher em­bed­ded in the cy­clotron yoke. The LEBT is op­ti­mized to match the de­sired input Twiss pa­ra­me­ters of the RFQ. Here we re­port on the lat­est re­sults from the ion source com­mis­sion­ing, and on the de­sign and op­ti­miza­tion of the LEBT with match­ing to the RFQ. With this ion source, we have demon­strated a 76% H2+ frac­tion at a cur­rent den­sity of 11 mA/cm2 in DC mode. The de­sign of the LEBT in­cludes a chop­per, steer­ing el­e­ments, and fo­cus­ing el­e­ments, to achieve the de­sired match­ing, which ac­cord­ing to our sim­u­la­tions leads to ~95% trans­mis­sion from the ion source to the exit of the RFQ. 		 
poster icon Poster MOPAB159 [0.851 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB159  
About • paper received ※ 15 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 24 June 2021       issue date ※ 13 August 2021  
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MOPAB196 Field tuning of the 1 MeV/n RFQ at KOMAC rfq, dipole, quadrupole, solenoid 662
 
  • H.-J. Kwon, Y.-S. Cho, J.J. Dang, W.-H. Jung, D.-H. Kim, H.S. Kim, K.H. Kim, S. Lee
    Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
  
  Funding: This work was supported by the Korea Multi-purpose Accelerator Complex (KOMAC) operation funds through Ministry of Science and ICT (MIST) of Korean Government.
A 1 MeV/n Ra­dio-fre­quency Quadru­pole (RFQ) is under de­vel­op­ment at Korea Multi-pur­pose Ac­cel­er­a­tor Com­plex (KOMAC), the pur­poses of which are swift ion beam ir­ra­di­a­tion and com­pact neu­tron source. The RFQ was de­signed to ac­cel­er­ate ions with mass to charge (A/q) ratio up to 2.5. The de­signed peak cur­rent was 10 mA with 10% duty ratio. The RFQ is four vane struc­ture res­onated at 200 MHz. It has total 40 fre­quency tuners. There are no di­pole rods and res­o­nant cou­pling plate be­cause the mode sep­a­ra­tion was large enough and the length of the RFQ was only two times of the wave­length. In this paper, the de­vel­op­ment sta­tus and field tun­ing re­sults of the 1 MeV/n RFQ are pre­sented. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB196  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 28 May 2021       issue date ※ 20 August 2021  
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MOPAB282 Development of a Multi-Camera System for Non-Invasive Intense Ion Beam Investigations diagnostics, solenoid, vacuum, experiment 895
 
  • A. Ateş, H. Hähnel, U. Ratzinger, K. Volk, C. Wagner
    IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
  
  The con­tin­ued pop­u­lar­ity of minia­tur­ized cam­eras in­te­grated into smart­phones is lead­ing to fur­ther re­search for more ad­vanced CMOS cam­era sen­sors. This made CMOS tech­nol­ogy even su­pe­rior to sci­en­tific CCD cam­eras. Due to the lower power con­sump­tion and high flex­i­bil­ity, a mul­ti­cam­era sys­tem can be de­vel­oped more ef­fec­tively. At the In­sti­tute of Ap­plied Physics at Goethe Uni­ver­sity Frank­furt (IAP) a pro­to­type of a beam in­duced rest gas flu­o­res­cence mon­i­tor (BIF) was de­vel­oped and tested suc­cess­fully. The BIF con­sists of x and y sin­gle board cam­eras in­te­grated into the vac­uum cham­ber. A multi-cam­era sys­tem was in­stalled in the LEBT area of the FRANZ pro­ject at the IAP within the first di­ag­nos­tic cham­ber. This sys­tem con­sists of six cam­eras. With this equip­ment it is pos­si­ble to in­ves­ti­gate the beam along a 484 mm path in x and y di­rec­tion. The de­vel­op­ments on the re­con­struc­tion and image pro­cess­ing meth­ods are in progress.  
poster icon Poster MOPAB282 [1.139 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB282  
About • paper received ※ 12 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 08 June 2021       issue date ※ 24 August 2021  
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MOPAB351 Using an RFQ to Transport Intense Heavy Ion Beams from an ECR Ion Source rfq, ECR, focusing, gun 1093
 
  • G.O. Rodrigues
    IUAC, New Delhi, India
  • R.W. Hamm
    R&M Technical Enterprises, Pleasanton, California, USA
  
  In the trans­port of high in­ten­sity, heavy ions from an ECR ion source through a low en­ergy beam trans­port (LEBT) sec­tion, space charge can limit the trans­mis­sion. It has been pro­posed to use a Radio Fre­quency Quadru­pole (RFQ) to ef­fi­ciently ad­dress this prob­lem. The stray mag­netic field of the ECR ion source can be used to pro­vide fo­cus­ing against the space charge blow-up when using the Di­rect Plasma In­jec­tion Scheme (DPIS) de­vel­oped for laser ion sources. The RFQ will focus and trans­port the in­jected beam, elim­i­nat­ing most of the charge states ex­tracted from the ECR ion source. This nar­row­ing of the charge state dis­tri­b­u­tion is a fil­ter, re­duc­ing the low en­ergy beam trans­port prob­lem, as well as the emit­tance growth for the de­sired beam. A com­bined ex­trac­tion/match­ing sys­tem has been de­signed for di­rect in­jec­tion into a 48.5 MHz RFQ for the pro­duc­tion of 238U40+ (0.52 mA) and 209Bi30+ (1.047 mA) beams. The IGUN code has been used to de­sign the in­jec­tion di­rectly into the RFQ. The RFQ de­sign has been mod­i­fied with a pre-buncher built into the vanes to nar­row the trans­mit­ted charge state dis­tri­b­u­tion as much as pos­si­ble. The de­sign de­tails of this sys­tem will be pre­sented.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB351  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 17 August 2021       issue date ※ 15 August 2021  
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MOPAB404 A Low Emittance Compact Proton Injector for a Proton Therapy Facility proton, emittance, LEBT, rfq 1218
 
  • S.X. Peng, J.E. Chen, B.J. Cui, Z.Y. Guo, Y.X. Jiang, K. Li, T.H. Ma, J. Sun, W.B. Wu, A.L. Zhang, J.F. Zhang
    PKU, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  • Y.H. Pu
    Shanghai APACTRON Particle Equipment Company Limited, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
  
  To meet the re­quire­ments of a Pro­ton Ther­apy Fa­cil­ity funded by the Na­tional Key Re­search and De­vel­op­ment Pro­gram of China, a new com­pact ion source-LEBT in­te­grated pro­ton in­jec­tor was de­vel­oped at Peking Uni­ver­sity (PKU). It con­sists of a typ­i­cal PKU per­ma­nent mag­net com­pact 2.45 GHz ECR ion source (PME­CRIS) and an elec­tro­sta­tic LEBT with an elec­tro­sta­tic lens, a beam chop­per, a set of beam steers, an ACCT, a bel­low, an e-trap, and a valve. A 1000 L/s mol­e­c­u­lar pump is adopted to main­tain the vac­uum for this in­te­grated in­jec­tor. The length from RF match­ing plane to RFQ front flange is about 450 mm. Chop­per is used to shorten the pulse length from ms to µs with sharp edges. Test re­sults of this PMECR source prove that it has the abil­ity to de­liver a pro­ton beam with a cur­rent from 10 mA to 90 mA with a duty fac­tor of 3%(100Hz/0.3ms) and its RMS emit­tance less than 0.1 mm·mrad at 30 keV. The ac­cep­tance tests of this in­te­grated in­jec­tor have been per­formed with a 30 keV hy­dro­gen beam. A re­quired pro­ton cur­rent of 18 mA with rip­ple wave less than 0.1 mA suc­cess­fully passed through a 20 mm aper­ture di­aphragm at RFQ en­trance flange. Its rms emit­tance is about 0.06 mm·mrad.  
poster icon Poster MOPAB404 [1.946 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB404  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 17 August 2021       issue date ※ 18 August 2021  
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TUXB07 High-Current H2+ Beams from a Compact Cyclotron using RFQ Direct Injection cyclotron, rfq, simulation, extraction 1301
 
  • D. Winklehner, J.M. Conrad, D. Koser, J. Smolsky, L.H. Waites
    MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
  
  Funding: This work was supported by NSF grants PHY-1505858 and PHY-1626069.
For the Iso­DAR neu­trino ex­per­i­ment, we have de­vel­oped a com­pact and cost-ef­fec­tive cy­clotron-based dri­ver to pro­duce high cur­rent beams (cw pro­ton beam cur­rents of >10 mA at 60 MeV). This is a fac­tor of 4 higher than the cur­rent state-of-the-art for cy­clotrons and a fac­tor of 10 com­pared to what is com­mer­cially avail­able. All areas of physics that call for high cw cur­rents can greatly ben­e­fit from this re­sult; e.g. par­ti­cle physics, med­ical iso­tope pro­duc­tion, and en­ergy re­search. This in­crease in beam cur­rent is pos­si­ble in part be­cause the cy­clotron is de­signed to in­clude and use vor­tex-mo­tion, al­low­ing clean ex­trac­tion. Such a de­sign process is only pos­si­ble with the help of high-fi­delity codes, like OPAL. An­other nov­elty is the use of an RFQ em­bed­ded in the cy­clotron yoke to bunch the beam dur­ing axial in­jec­tion. Fi­nally, using H2+ re­lieves some of the space charge con­straints dur­ing in­jec­tion. In this paper, we will give an overview of the pro­ject and then focus on the de­sign and sim­u­la­tions of the cy­clotron it­self. We will de­scribe the physics, com­pu­ta­tional tools, and sim­u­la­tion re­sults. At the end, we will de­scribe how we are in­clud­ing ma­chine learn­ing in the sim­u­la­tions. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUXB07  
About • paper received ※ 27 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 22 July 2021       issue date ※ 31 August 2021  
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TUPAB057 Carbon Beam at I-3 Injector for Semiconductor Implantation radiation, laser, target, plasma 1489
 
  • A.A. Losev, P.N. Alekseev, N.N. Alexeev, T. Kulevoy, A.D. Milyachenko, Yu.A. Satov, A. Shumshurov
    ITEP, Moscow, Russia
  • P.B. Lagov
    NUST MISIS, Moscow, Russia
  • M.E. Letovaltseva
    MIREA, Moscow, Russia
  • Y.S. Pavlov
    IPCE RAS, Moscow, Russia
  
  Car­bon im­plan­ta­tion can be ef­fec­tively used for axial mi­nor­ity charge car­ri­ers life­time con­trol in var­i­ous sil­i­con bulk and epi­tax­ial pla­nar struc­tures. When car­bon is im­planted, more sta­ble re­com­bi­na­tion cen­ters are formed and sil­i­con is not doped with ad­di­tional im­pu­ri­ties, as for ex­am­ple, when ir­ra­di­ated with pro­tons or he­lium ions. Eco­nom­i­cally, such a process com­petes with al­ter­na­tive meth­ods, and is more ef­fi­cient for ob­tain­ing small life­times (sev­eral nanosec­onds). I-3 ion in­jec­tor with laser-plasma ion source in In­sti­tute for the­o­ret­i­cal and ex­per­i­men­tal physics (ITEP) is used as ion im­planter in semi­con­duc­tors. The ion source uses pulsed CO2 laser setup with ra­di­a­tion-flux den­sity of 1011 W/cm2 at tar­get sur­face. The ion source pro­duces beams of var­i­ous ions from solid tar­gets. The gen­er­ated ion beam is ac­cel­er­ated in the two gap RF res­onator at volt­age of up to 2 MV per gap. Re­sult­ing beam en­ergy is up to 4 MV per charge. Pa­ra­me­ters of car­bon ion beam gen­er­ated and used for semi­con­duc­tor sam­ples ir­ra­di­a­tion dur­ing ex­per­i­ments for axial mi­nor­ity charge car­ri­ers life­time con­trol in var­i­ous sil­i­con bulk and epi­tax­ial pla­nar struc­tures are pre­sented.  
poster icon Poster TUPAB057 [0.630 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB057  
About • paper received ※ 15 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 28 May 2021       issue date ※ 01 September 2021  
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TUPAB169 Overall Concept Design of a Heavy-Ion Injector for XiPAF-Upgrading heavy-ion, rfq, DTL, LEBT 1781
 
  • P.F. Ma, C.T. Du, X. Guan, Y. Lei, M.W. Wang, X.W. Wang, Q.Z. Xing, X.D. Yu, S.X. Zheng
    TUB, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  • W. Chen, W.L. Liu, W. Lv, M.T. Qiu, B.C. Wang, D. Wang, M.C. Wang, Z.M. Wang, Y.H. Yan, M.T. Zhao
    NINT, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
  
  A heavy-ion in­jec­tor can be used for SEE study. In this paper, the pri­mary beam dy­nam­ics de­sign of a heavy-ion in­jec­tor for the XiPAF up­grade is pre­sented. The in­jec­tor con­sists of an ECR heavy-ion source, a LEBT, an RFQ, and a DTL. The mass charge ratio can be up to 6.5. The RFQ can ac­cel­er­ate heavy ions to 500 keV/u, and the DTL can ac­cel­er­ate the ions to 2 MeV/u, which can meet the re­quire­ment of the syn­chro­tron.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB169  
About • paper received ※ 16 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 16 June 2021       issue date ※ 11 August 2021  
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TUPAB171 Linear Transfer Matrix of a Half Solenoid solenoid, emittance, optics, coupling 1789
 
  • P.F. Ma, X. Guan, X.W. Wang, Q.Z. Xing, X.D. Yu, S.X. Zheng
    TUB, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  
  So­le­noid mag­nets can pro­vide strong trans­verse fo­cus­ing to elec­trons and ions with rel­a­tively small en­er­gies. For the ECR heavy-ion source, the ions are ex­tracted at the cen­tral area of the so­le­noid, the beam is cou­pled at the exit of the source. The cou­pling caused by the so­le­noids can lead to the growth of pro­jected trans­verse emit­tance, which has been widely stud­ied with great in­ter­est. It is im­por­tant to study the trans­fer ma­trix of a half so­le­noid to study the beam op­tics in an ECR souce, thus the prop­erty of the beam can be given. Based on the trans­fer ma­trix cal­cu­la­tion, the sum­mary of the lin­ear trans­fer ma­trix of a half so­le­noid can be given. The beam op­tics in a half so­le­noid is stud­ied.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB171  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 28 June 2021       issue date ※ 29 August 2021  
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TUPAB176 ESS Proton Beam Trajectory Correction MEBT, linac, DTL, simulation 1809
 
  • N. Blaskovic Kraljevic, M. Eshraqi, N. Milas, R. Miyamoto
    ESS, Lund, Sweden
  
  The pro­ton linac of the Eu­ro­pean Spal­la­tion Source (ESS) is under con­struc­tion in Lund, Swe­den. Beam tra­jec­tory cor­rec­tion is es­sen­tial to mit­i­gate the ef­fect of ac­cel­er­a­tor el­e­ment mis­align­ment, con­sti­tut­ing the first step to min­imise beam losses. The cor­rec­tion will be per­formed using cor­rec­tors dis­trib­uted along the ac­cel­er­a­tor, based on the beam po­si­tion mon­i­tor (BPM) read­out. Three tra­jec­tory cor­rec­tion tech­niques are con­sid­ered: one-to-one steer­ing, Sin­gu­lar Value De­com­po­si­tion (SVD), and MI­CADO (se­lect­ing a sub­set of cor­rec­tors for the tra­jec­tory cor­rec­tion). The per­for­mance of the three meth­ods is sim­u­lated for the ESS linac and a com­par­i­son of the out­comes is pre­sented.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB176  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 15 June 2021       issue date ※ 27 August 2021  
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TUPAB188 InnovaTron: An Innovative High-Intensity Industrial Cyclotron for Production of Tc-99m and Other Frontier Medical Radioisotopes* cyclotron, extraction, proton, acceleration 1841
 
  • G. D’Agostino, Q. Flandroy, E. Forton, W.J.G.M. Kleeven, J. Mandrillon, V. Nuttens, E. van der Kraaij
    IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
  
  Funding: This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No 886190.
Tc-99m is the most used ra­dioiso­tope in nu­clear med­i­cine. It is al­most ex­clu­sively pro­duced with a few age­ing re­search re­ac­tors world­wide. In re­sponse to grow­ing con­cerns about Tc-99m avail­abil­ity and its in­creas­ing de­mand, al­ter­na­tive pro­duc­tion routes are being ex­plored. The EU-funded In­no­va­Tron pro­ject aims at de­sign­ing an in­no­v­a­tive com­pact high-in­ten­sity self-ex­tract­ing cy­clotron able to de­liver pro­ton beams with cur­rents up to 5 mA or more for the di­rect pro­duc­tion of Tc-99m. It could be also used for pro­duc­tion of high quan­ti­ties of other fron­tier med­ical ra­dioiso­topes. The pro­ton beams exit with­out using an elec­tro­sta­tic de­flec­tor to over­come its cur­rent lim­i­ta­tions. A pro­to­type cy­clotron was built by IBA in 2001. Cur­rents up to 2 mA were ex­tracted from it. How­ever, at higher in­ten­si­ties, the ex­trac­tion ef­fi­ciency was not higher than 70-75% and the ex­tracted emit­tance was rather large. The In­no­va­Tron pro­ject will im­ple­ment new tech­no­log­i­cal so­lu­tions in the self-ex­tract­ing cy­clotron to be used for large-scale in­dus­trial ap­pli­ca­tions. An overview on the In­no­va­Tron pro­ject is here pre­sented to­gether with the first sim­u­la­tion re­sults. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB188  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 01 June 2021       issue date ※ 25 August 2021  
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TUPAB237 Symplectic Tracking Through Field Maps quadrupole, cavity, dipole, radio-frequency 1992
 
  • S.D. Webb
    RadiaSoft LLC, Boulder, Colorado, USA
  • B.T. Folsom, E. Laface, R. Miyamoto
    ESS, Lund, Sweden
  
  For many ap­pli­ca­tions, it is nec­es­sary to track par­ti­cles using field maps, in­stead of an an­a­lytic rep­re­sen­ta­tion of the fields which is typ­i­cally not avail­able. These field maps come about while de­sign­ing el­e­ments such as re­al­is­tic mag­nets or ra­diofre­quency cav­i­ties, and rep­re­sent the field geom­e­try on a mesh in space. How­ever, sim­ple in­ter­po­la­tion of the fields from the field maps does not guar­an­tee that the re­sult­ing track­ing scheme sat­is­fies the sym­plec­tic con­di­tion. Here we pre­sent a gen­eral method to de­com­pose the field-map po­ten­tial in the sum of in­ter­po­lat­ing func­tions that pro­duces, by con­struc­tion, a sym­plec­tic in­te­gra­tor.  
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DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB237  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 22 July 2021       issue date ※ 22 August 2021  
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TUPAB300 Ion Source Optimization Using Bi-Objective Genetic and Matrix-Profile Algorithm controls, experiment, ECR, software 2190
 
  • W. Geithner, Z. Andelkovic, O. Geithner, F. Herfurth, V. Rapp
    GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
  • A. Neméth
    Atato, Alzenau, Germany
  • A. Van Benschoten
    MPF, Plymouth, Minnesota, USA
  • F. Wilhelmstötter
    emarsys, Vienna, Austria
  
  Em­ploy­ing the local ECR ion source of the FAIR phase 0 ion stor­age ring CRYRING@​ESR, we set up an IT-en­vi­ron­ment for on-line data pro­cess­ing and ap­pli­ca­tions based on the data avail­able from beam di­ag­nos­tic in­stru­ments and input sig­nals con­trol­ling the ion source. As a first proof of prin­ci­ple, we im­ple­mented a closed-loop op­ti­miza­tion soft­ware con­troller based on bi-ob­jec­tive Ge­netic Op­ti­miza­tion*. As one prop­erty for op­ti­miza­tion we used the ion beam cur­rent mea­sured with a Fara­day-cup de­tec­tor. As sec­ond op­ti­miza­tion-prop­erty we the on-line processed time-re­solved sig­nal of the in­di­vid­ual ion-source pulses em­ploy­ing the rel­a­tively new Ma­trix-Pro­file Al­go­rithm** which pro­vides a mea­sure for the shot-by-shot vari­abil­ity of the con­sec­u­tive pulses. We will re­port on the sta­tus of the data log­ging frame­work, the im­ple­men­ta­tion of re­lated soft­ware pro­grams and the re­sults of first tests.
* Wilhelmstötter, F.: Jenetics advanced genetic algorithm, online http://jenetics.io
** Matrix Profile Foundation. Homepage, online https://github.com/matrix-profile-foundation 		 
poster icon Poster TUPAB300 [5.485 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB300  
About • paper received ※ 01 June 2021       paper accepted ※ 21 June 2021       issue date ※ 16 August 2021  
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TUPAB328 Machine Learning for Time Series Prediction of an Accelerator Beam to Recognize Equipment Malfunction cavity, SRF, linac, neutron 2272
 
  • C.C. Peters
    ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  • W. Blokland, D.L. Brown, F. Liu, C.D. Long, D. Lu, P. Ramuhalli, D.E. Womble, J. Zhang, A.P. Zhukov
    ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  
  Funding: ORNL is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05- 00OR22725 for the U.S. Department of Energy.
The Spal­la­tion Neu­tron Source (SNS) is an ac­cel­er­a­tor based pulsed neu­tron source based on a 1 GeV pulsed pro­ton Su­per­con­duct­ing Radio Fre­quency (SRF) lin­ear ac­cel­er­a­tor (linac). Since be­gin­ning high power beam op­er­a­tion in 2006 cor­re­la­tions have been found link­ing abrupt beam loss events to SRF cav­ity in­sta­bil­i­ties. With the planned up­grades to dou­ble the beam power we ex­pect in­creased rates of degra­da­tion and the im­por­tance of min­i­miz­ing these beam loss events will be­come ever more im­por­tant. To fur­ther limit degra­da­tion, we are de­vel­op­ing ma­chine learn­ing ap­proaches to mon­i­tor the beam and to de­tect, pre­dict and pre­vent beam loss events. Ini­tial re­search has shown that pre­cur­sors to beam loss events are de­tectable. The ini­tial steps are to use ML-based clas­si­fi­ca­tion to rec­og­nize anom­alies and to use Long Short-Term Mem­ory (LSTM) au­toen­coders to pre­dict beam loss. In this paper, we de­scribe re­cent progress in ap­ply­ing ma­chine learn­ing for rec­og­niz­ing anom­alies and pre­dict­ing beam loss and pre­sent ini­tial re­sults of our re­search using ac­quired data from dif­fer­ent di­ag­nos­tics and the Ma­chine Pro­tec­tion Sys­tem (MPS). 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB328  
About • paper received ※ 23 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 28 May 2021       issue date ※ 15 August 2021  
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WEPAB176 Acceleration of He+ Beams for Injection Into NICA Booster During its First Run rfq, booster, heavy-ion, injection 3016
 
  • K.A. Levterov, V.P. Akimov, D.S. Letkin, D.O. Leushin, V.V. Mialkovskiy
    JINR/VBLHEP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
  • A.M. Bazanov, A.V. Butenko, D.E. Donets, D. Egorov, A.R. Galimov, B.V. Golovenskiy, A. Govorov, V.V. Kobets, A.D. Kovalenko, D.A. Lyuosev, A.A. Martynov, V.A. Monchinsky, D.O. Ponkin, I.V. Shirikov, A.O. Sidorin, E. Syresin, G.V. Trubnikov, A. Tuzikov
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  • H. Höltermann, H. Podlech
    BEVATECH, Frankfurt, Germany
  • U. Ratzinger, A. Schempp
    IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
  
  Heavy Ion Lin­ear Ac­cel­er­a­tor (HILAC) is de­signed to ac­cel­er­ate the heavy ions with ratio A/Z<=6.25 pro­duced by ESIS ion source up to the 3.2 MeV for the in­jec­tion into su­per­con­duct­ing syn­chro­tron (SC) Booster. HILAC was com­mis­sioned in 2018 using the car­bon beams from Laser Ion Source (LIS). The pro­ject out­put en­ergy was ver­i­fied. Trans­mis­sion could be es­ti­mated only for DTL struc­ture be­cause of the pres­ence at the RFQ input the mix­ture of ions with dif­fer­ent charge states ex­tracted from laser-plasma. To es­ti­mate trans­mis­sion through the whole linac the ion source pro­duc­ing the only species He+ was de­signed. The beams of He+ ions were used for the first run of SC Booster. The de­sign of the he­lium ion source and re­sults of the He+ beam ac­cel­er­a­tion and in­jec­tion are de­scribed.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB176  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 11 June 2021       issue date ※ 22 August 2021  
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WEPAB191 Magnet System for a Proton/helium ECR Ion Source ECR, plasma, solenoid, electron 3066
 
  • M.S. Dmitriyev, K.G. Artamonov, M.V. Dyakonov, M.I. Zhigailova
    MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
  
  The study of the mag­netic sys­tem of ECRIS with op­er­at­ing fre­quency of 2.45 GHz for pro­duc­ing pro­tons and dou­ble-charged he­lium ions has been car­ried out. The re­sults of the nu­mer­i­cal sim­u­la­tion of the ECRIS mag­netic sys­tem based on per­ma­nent mag­nets have been per­formed. The pos­si­bil­ity of shift­ing the ring mag­nets in both in­jec­tion and ex­trac­tion re­gions is con­sid­ered to ad­just max­i­mum and min­i­mum val­ues of the axial dis­tri­b­u­tion of a mag­netic field in a plasma cham­ber. The pos­si­bil­ity of shift­ing the bar mag­nets of the hexa­pole is shown to pro­vide the ad­just­ment of the ra­dial mag­netic field Brad at the cham­ber wall. Ad­di­tional so­le­noids are in­tro­duced to the sys­tem for pro­vid­ing the re­quired Binj and Bext ad­just­ment and tun­ing the axial mag­netic field dis­tri­b­u­tion in­clud­ing the min­i­mum on the axis Bmin. Fur­ther­more, the mag­netic sys­tem al­lows to switch the op­er­a­tion mode of the ECR source to the mi­crowave mode.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB191  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 08 June 2021       issue date ※ 26 August 2021  
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WEPAB407 An Innovative Eco-System for Accelerator Science and Technology neutron, controls, framework, software 3660
 
  • C. Darve, J.B. Andersen, S. Salman
    ESS, Lund, Sweden
  • B. Nicquevert, S. Petit
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • M. Stankovski
    LINXS, Lund, Sweden
  
  The emer­gence of new tech­nolo­gies and in­no­v­a­tive com­mu­ni­ca­tion tools per­mits us to tran­scend so­ci­etal chal­lenges. While par­ti­cle ac­cel­er­a­tors are es­sen­tial in­stru­ments to im­prove our qual­ity of life through sci­ence and tech­nol­ogy, an ad­e­quate ecosys­tem is es­sen­tial to ac­ti­vate and max­i­mize this po­ten­tial. Re­search In­fra­struc­ture (RI) and in­dus­tries sup­ported by en­light­ened or­ga­ni­za­tions and ed­u­ca­tion, can gen­er­ate a sus­tain­able en­vi­ron­ment to serve this pur­pose. In this paper, we will dis­cuss state-of-the-art in­fra­struc­tures tak­ing the lead to reach this im­pact, thus con­tribut­ing to eco­nomic and so­cial trans­for­ma­tion.  
poster icon Poster WEPAB407 [61.076 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB407  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 July 2021       issue date ※ 18 August 2021  
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THPAB151 The Advantage of Cold Electron Source in Electron Diffraction electron, simulation, experiment, FEL 4053
 
  • J. Liu, H. Luo
    SWUST, Mianyang City, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China
  
  In this paper, a model for dis­cussing the in­flu­ence of trans­verse co­her­ence of elec­tron beams on elec­tron dif­frac­tion is es­tab­lished. With ref­er­ence to Fedele’s ther­mal-wave model, the trans­verse co­her­ence length is in­tro­duced into this model to char­ac­ter­ize the trans­verse co­her­ence of elec­tron beams. The sim­u­la­tion re­sults show that the trans­verse co­her­ence of elec­tron beams has a sig­nif­i­cant in­flu­ence on elec­tron dif­frac­tion, and the cold elec­tron source with high trans­verse co­her­ence has an ob­vi­ous ad­van­tage in elec­tron dif­frac­tion.  
poster icon Poster THPAB151 [0.647 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB151  
About • paper received ※ 15 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 21 June 2021       issue date ※ 25 August 2021  
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THPAB192 Continuous Beam Dynamics Simulation in COMSOL Multiphysics cyclotron, simulation, solenoid, beam-losses 4153
 
  • D. Popov, O. Karamyshev, I.D. Lyapin, V. Malinin
    JINR/DLNP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
  
  The clas­sic way of beam dy­nam­ics sim­u­la­tion in a cy­clotron is to sep­a­rate it into many dif­fer­ent stages from the ion source to the ex­trac­tion (or even fur­ther), this was ab­solutely nec­es­sary to fit the cal­cu­la­tions into any rea­son­able time in a cost of in­flu­ence of some op­er­a­tion de­vices from one stage, on beam dy­nam­ics of an­other (next or pre­vi­ous mostly) stage. We’ve man­aged to per­form beam dy­nam­ics from ion source through a so­le­noid to the cen­ter re­gion in a sin­gle model in COM­SOL, using sev­eral fields si­mul­ta­ne­ously: ex­ter­nal mag­netic (the mag­net), cal­cu­lated mag­netic (the so­le­noid) and al­ter­nat­ing and sta­tion­ary elec­tric fields in the cen­ter re­gion.  
poster icon Poster THPAB192 [1.233 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB192  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 23 June 2021       issue date ※ 17 August 2021  
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