IPAC2021 - List of Keywords (power-supply)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOPAB025	First Experiments with Accelerated Ion Beams in the Booster of NICA Accelerator Complex	booster, injection, electron, heavy-ion	123
	A.V. Butenko, V. Andreev, A.M. Bazanov, O.I. Brovko, D.E. Donets, A.V. Eliseev, I.V. Gorelyshev, A.V. Konstantinov, S.A. Kostromin, O.S. Kozlov, K.A. Levterov, A. Nesterov, A.V. Philippov, D.O. Ponkin, G.S. Sedykh, I.V. Shirikov, A.O. Sidorin, E. Syresin, A. Tuzikov, V. Volkov JINR/VBLHEP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia N.N. Agapov, A.V. Alfeev, A.A. Baldin, A.A. Fateev, A.R. Galimov, B.V. Golovenskiy, E.V. Gorbachev, A. Govorov, E.V. Ivanov, V. Karpinsky, V.D. Kekelidze, H.G. Khodzhibagiyan, A. Kirichenko, A.G. Kobets, S.A. Korovkin, V. Kosachev, A.D. Kovalenko, G. Kunchenko, I.N. Meshkov, V.A. Mikhailov, V.A. Monchinsky, D. Nikiforov, R.V. Pivin, S. Romanov, A.A. Shurygin, A.I. Sidorov, A.N. Svidetelev, G.V. Trubnikov, B. Vasilishin JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia G.A. Fatkin Cosylab Siberia, Novosibirsk, Russia
	The NICA accelerator complex in JINR consist of two linear injector chains, a 578 MeV/u superconducting (SC) Booster synchrotron, the existing SC synchrotron Nuclotron, and a new SC collider that has two storage rings. The construction of the facility is based on the Nuclotron technology of SC magnets with an iron yoke and hollow SC cable. Assembly of the Booster synchrotron was finished in autumn of 2020 and first machine Run and experiments with ion beams were successfully done in December 2020. The results of this Run are discussed in this paper.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB025
About •	paper received ※ 16 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 07 September 2021 issue date ※ 15 August 2021
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MOPAB057	Evaluation of Pulsed Septum Leakage Fields and Compensation for the Advanced Photon Source Upgrade	septum, emittance, simulation, injection	245
	M. Borland, M.S. Jaski, J. Wang ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
	Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The Advanced Photon Source upgrade is considering two options for injection: vertical-plane injection with a DC Lambertson septum and horizontal-plane injection with a pulsed septum. In the latter case, pulsed leakage fields are a concern as they will cause transient beam motion and emittance dilution. In this paper, we describe results of modeling the effect of such leakage fields on the beam. We also evaluate methods of compensating for the leakage fields, including the limited time response of correction elements. Several septum drive-pulse shapes are considered and compared.
	Poster MOPAB057 [2.066 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB057
About •	paper received ※ 17 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 26 May 2021 issue date ※ 02 September 2021
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MOPAB058	Swap-Out Safety Tracking for the Advanced Photon Source Upgrade	photon, dipole, simulation, electron	249
	M. Borland, J.S. Downey, M.S. Jaski ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
	Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The Advanced Photon Source upgrade will operate in swap-out mode, which is similar to top-up but involves complete replacement of individual depleted bunches in a single shot. As with top-up, safety is a concern given that this process will take place with beamline shutters open. We describe the methods used to model swap-out safety, including creation and validation of a full ring lattice based on 3D field maps. We also describe a new method of implementing complex, intersecting channels for electron beams and photon beams, as well as a method of easily identifying potentially dangerous stray particles. Numerous potential errors (e.g., magnet shorts) were modeled, giving a reliable indication of performance of proposed stored beam and magnet interlocks.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB058
About •	paper received ※ 14 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 28 May 2021 issue date ※ 29 August 2021
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MOPAB077	Anomaly Detection in Accelerator Facilities Using Machine Learning	operation, GUI, experiment, detector	304
	A. Das Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA M. Borland, L. Emery, X. Huang, H. Shang, G. Shen ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA D.F. Ratner SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA R.M. Smith, G.M. Wang BNL, Upton, New York, USA
	Synchrotron light sources are user facilities and usually run about 5000 hours per year to support many beamlines operations in parallel. Reliability is a key parameter to evaluate machine performance. Even many facilities have achieved >95% beam reliability, there are still many hours of unscheduled downtime and every hour lost is a waste of operation costs along with a big impact on individual scheduled user experiments. Preventive maintenance on subsystems and quick recovery from machine trips are the basic strategies to achieve high reliability, which heavily depends on experts’ dedication. Recently, SLAC, APS, and NSLS-II collaborated to develop machine-learning-based approaches aiming to solve both situations, hardware failure prediction and machine failure diagnosis to find the root sources. In this paper, we report our facility operation status, development progress, and plans.
	Poster MOPAB077 [1.240 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB077
About •	paper received ※ 16 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 14 June 2021 issue date ※ 01 September 2021
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MOPAB221	Developments of a Pulse Kicker System for the Three-Dimensional Spiral Beam Injection of the J-PARC Muon g-2/EDM Experiment	kicker, injection, experiment, solenoid	726
	K. Oda, H. Hirayama, H. Iinuma, Y. Sato, M. Sugita Ibaraki University, Ibaraki, Japan M. Abe, K. Furukawa, T. Mibe, H. Nakayama, S. Ohsawa, M.A. Rehman, N. Saito, K. Sasaki KEK, Ibaraki, Japan R. Matsushita The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo, Japan
	The J-PARC muon g-2/EDM experiment aims to perform ultra-precise measurements of anomalous magnetic moments (g-2) and electric dipole moments (EDM) from the spin precession of muons in a precise magnetic field and to explore new physics beyond the Standard Model. On experimental requirements, the beam must be stored in a compact storage orbit with a diameter of 66 cm, which is about 1/20th smaller than that of the previous experiment. To be realized, we adopt an unprecedented injection technique called the three-dimensional spiral injection scheme. In this scheme, the beam is injected from upward of the solenoidal storage magnet. The vertical beam motion along the solenoid axis is controlled by a few 100 ns pulse kicker. Once the beam is guided into the center fiducial storage volume, the muon beam is stored by the weak focusing magnetic field. Therefore, stable and accurate control of the pulse kicker is one of the major technical challenges to realize the ultra-precise measurement of the muon spin precession. In this presentation, we discuss the performance of the prototype pulse kicker device and future plan for installation of it to our test bench with an electron beam.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB221
About •	paper received ※ 20 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 31 May 2021 issue date ※ 15 August 2021
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MOPAB256	Development of Pulsed Beam System for the Three Dimensional Spiral Injection Scheme in the J-PARC muon g-2/EDM Experiment	injection, experiment, kicker, controls	809
	R. Matsushita The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo, Japan M. Abe, K. Hurukawa, T. Mibe, H. Nakayama, S. Ohsawa, M.A. Rehman, N. Saito, K. Sasaki KEK, Ibaraki, Japan H. Hirayama, H. Iinuma, K. Oda, Y. Sato, M. Sugita Ibaraki University, Ibaraki, Japan N. Saito J-PARC, KEK & JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan T. Takayanagi JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan
	The J-PARC muon g-2/EDM experiment aims to measure the anomalous magnetic moment(g-2) and electric dipole moment(EDM) of the muon with higher precision than the previous BNL E821 experiment. A brand-new three-dimensional spiral injection scheme is employed to inject and store muon beam into a 66 cm diameter of storage magnet. Feasibility studies are ongoing by use of 80 keV electron beam at KEK test bench, to develop skills on control transverse beam motion; so-called X-Y coupling, with DC beam. As a next step, towards store the beam by use of a kicker system, a pulsed beam should be generated from the DC beam with an intended time structure to meet a pulse kicker’s duration time, without changing transverse phase space characteristics. In this presentation, the development of a beam chopper device and the evaluation of pulse beam profile are discussed.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB256
About •	paper received ※ 20 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 15 June 2021 issue date ※ 16 August 2021
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MOPAB334	Status and Recent Development of FAIR Ring RF Systems	cavity, LLRF, operation, status	1037
	U. Laier, R. Balß, C. Christoph, M. Frey, P. Hülsmann, H. Klingbeil, H.G. König, D.E.M. Lens, J.S. Schmidt, A. Stuhl, K.G. Thomin, T. Winnefeld GSI, Darmstadt, Germany H. Klingbeil TEMF, TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
	Funding: GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH Five different Ring RF Systems are required for the operation of FAIR (Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research). These systems have to operate at frequencies between 310 kHz and 3.2 MHz, with gap voltages up to 40 kVp and duty cycles from 5·10^-4 up to cw. All systems will be realized using inductively loaded (ferrite or magnetic alloy) cavities driven by tetrode-based amplifiers fed by switch-mode power supplies. To stabilize the amplitude, resonance frequency and phase, versatile digital feedback and feedforward control will be used. This contribution will present the latest development on the power part and the LLRF of the four RF systems of the SIS100 (SIS100 Acceleration, SIS100 Bunch Compression, SIS100 Barrier Bucket and SIS100 Longitudinal Feedback) as well as the CR Debuncher system which is part of the Collector Ring. The progress of these systems varies by a large degree. This note will give an overview regarding the status of the design, procurement, realization, testing, optimization, commissioning and preparation for installation of these RF systems.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB334
About •	paper received ※ 18 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 07 June 2021 issue date ※ 12 August 2021
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MOPAB415	Failure Rates and Downtimes of Multi-Leaf Collimators in Indonesia	linac, radiation, target, gun	1248
	G.S. Peiris, S.L. Sheehy The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia M.F. Kasim, S.A. Pawiro University of Indonesia, Depok, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
	One of the greatest barriers to cancer treatment in Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) is the access to Radiotherapy Linear Accelerators (LINACs). Not only are the LINACs complex, the harsh environment of LMICs cause frequent breakdowns resulting in downtimes ranging from days to months. Recent research has identified a disparity between LMICs and High Income Countries (HICs) and determined the Multi-Leaf Collimator (MLC) as a component needing re-evaluation. The MLC causes over 30% of the problems in RT LINACs, but the modes of failure and quantify the extent of the damage done are yet to be quantified. Using data from across Indonesia, we show the pathways to failure of RT Machines and frequency of breakdowns over time. A component of the MLC needs to be replaced every 9.98 faults per 1000 patients treated and the MLC itself breaks down on average every 36±1.8 days. When comparing the downtime by leaf width, the data shows 5mm leaves contribute 18.27±6.5% to all breakdowns while 10mm makes up 15.87±4.3%. These results outline the need to reassess the current generation of RT LINACs and ultimately work towards guiding future designs to be robust enough for all environments.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB415
About •	paper received ※ 19 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 09 June 2021 issue date ※ 16 August 2021
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TUPAB061	Anomaly Detection by Principal Component Analysis and Autoencoder Approach	network, operation, storage-ring, photon	1502
	Y.P. Sun ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
	Funding: The work is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Several different approach are employed to identify the abnormal events in some Advanced Photon Source (APS) operation archived dataset, where dimensionality reduction are performed by either principal component analysis or autoencoder artificial neural network. It is observed that the APS stored beam dump event, which is triggered by magnet power supply fault, may be predicted by analyzing the magnets capacitor temperatures dataset. There is reasonable agreement among two principal component analysis based approaches and the autoencoder artificial neural network approach, on predicting future overall system fault which may result in a stored beam dump in the APS storage ring.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB061
About •	paper received ※ 22 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 18 June 2021 issue date ※ 19 August 2021
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TUPAB304	Preliminary Investigation of the Noises and Updates on Physics Studies of FOFB in HEPS	storage-ring, lattice, controls, factory	2197
	X.Y. Huang, Y. Jiao, Y. Wei IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
	High Energy Photon Source (HEPS) is a Fourth-generation storage ring light source in China and is under construction. Noises, such as the ambient mechanical vibration and the power supply ripples of magnets, may induce large orbit motions of electron bunches and hence dramatically degrade the emitted photon beam quality. The effect of noises becomes significant and needs to be considered very carefully, especially when the emittances of the electron beam approach the diffraction limit of x-ray. For the HEPS, the noises are modelled and the total beam orbit motion is evaluated considering the spectral characteristics of all the transformation processes from the errors to the orbit. In this paper, we present the preliminary calculation of the effects of noises in HEPS, and the control of the orbit motion with the FOFB system.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB304
About •	paper received ※ 17 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 02 July 2021 issue date ※ 16 August 2021
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TUPAB327	Developing Robust Digital Twins and Reinforcement Learning for Accelerator Control Systems at the Fermilab Booster	controls, network, booster, FPGA	2268
	D.L. Kafkes Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA M. Schram JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
	Funding: This research was sponsored by the Fermilab Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program under Project ID FNAL-LDRD-2019-027: Accelerator Control with Artificial Intelligence. We describe the offline machine learning (ML) development for an effort to precisely regulate the Gradient Magnet Power Supply (GMPS) at the Fermilab Booster accelerator complex via a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). As part of this effort, we created a digital twin of the Booster-GMPS control system by training a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) to capture its full dynamics. We outline the path we took to carefully validate our digital twin before deploying it as a reinforcement learning (RL) environment. Additionally, we demonstrate the use of a Deep Q-Network (DQN) policy model with the capability to regulate the GMPS against realistic time-varying perturbations.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB327
About •	paper received ※ 18 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 22 June 2021 issue date ※ 20 August 2021
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TUPAB347	Development of a 166-MHz 260-kW Solid-State Power Amplifier for High Energy Photon Source	controls, photon, status, cavity	2315
	Y.L. Luo, T.M. Huang, J. Li, H.Y. Lin, Q. Ma, Q.Y. Wang, P. Zhang, F.C. Zhao IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
	166-MHz 260-kW solid-state power amplifiers have been chosen to drive the 166.6-MHz superconducting cavities for the storage ring of High Energy Photon Source. Highly modular yet compact are desired. A total number of 112 amplifier modules of 3 kW each are combined in a multi-stage power combining topology. The final output is of 9-3/16" 50 Ω coaxial rigid line. Each amplifier module consists of 3 LDMOS transistors with individual circulator and load. Thermal simulations of the amplifier module have been conducted to optimize cooling capabilities for both travelling-wave and full-reflection operation scenarios. High efficiency, sufficient redundancy and excellent RF performances of the 260-kW system are demonstrated. A control system is also integrated and EPICS is used to manage the monitored data. The design and test results of the amplifier system are presented in this paper.
	Poster TUPAB347 [1.972 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB347
About •	paper received ※ 19 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 21 June 2021 issue date ※ 29 August 2021
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TUPAB351	The Progress of 300 kW Home-Made Fully Solid-State Transmitter for TPS	controls, ISOL, operation, HOM	2328
	T.-C. Yu, F.Y. Chang, M.H. Chang, S.W. Chang, L.J. Chen, F.-T. Chung, Y.D. Li, M.-C. Lin, Z.K. Liu, C.H. Lo, Ch. Wang, M.-S. Yeh NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	To support the stable operation of Taiwan Photon Source (TPS) with 500mA beam current and the in-creasing beam line construction, a 3rd RF plant is thus constructed for such demand. The RF power source of the other 2 RF plants adopts klystron type transmitter and the 3rd RF plants is transferred to new technology of solid-state for better redundancy and easier mainte-nance. Base on the success of solid-state power ampli-fier development in 2020, a 3rd RF power source is thus decided to be made in house by solid-state tech-nology. The 500MHz 300kW solid-state transmitter is constructed by 4 80 kW solid-state power amplifier (SSPA) towers and power combined by 3 WR1800 3-dB hybrid couplers. Each tower is consisted of 110 850W final stage SSPA modules with 4 100W pre-amplifiers and 6 600W drive amplifiers. The pre and drive amplifiers are power combined for higher redun-dancy. The DC power are economical industrial 48V AC-DC rack mount power supplies which are parallel connected for higher total DC power and best redun-dancy. The architecture and present progress are pre-sented in this article.
	Poster TUPAB351 [2.348 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB351
About •	paper received ※ 20 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 11 June 2021 issue date ※ 20 August 2021
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TUPAB353	Remote Commissioning of 400 kW 352 MHz Amplifiers	controls, real-time, MMI, PLC	2332
	C. Pasotti, A. Cuttin, A. Fabris Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy A. Frizzi, G. Zardi Itelco Broadcast Srl, Orvieto (TR), Italy M. Rossi DB Science, Padova, Italy
	In the framework of the European Spallation Source ERIC (ESS ERIC) In-Kind collaboration, Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste has the task to deliver 26 400 kW 352 MHz Radio Frequency Power Station (RFPS) units. They will feed the Spoke Cavities section of the proton Linac. The RFPS manufacturing contract has been awarded to the European Science Solutions consortium (ESS-C) gained the. The production of the amplifiers is well underway and it has reached a steady rate of delivery. Each RFPS is subject to a Factory Acceptance Test (FAT). In this contribution, the main results of the FATs are presented, together with the FAT remote session protocol. This protocol has been specifically developed to cope with the traveling and in persons meeting restrictions imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic.
	Poster TUPAB353 [2.675 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB353
About •	paper received ※ 17 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 23 June 2021 issue date ※ 17 August 2021
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TUPAB388	Efficiency, Power Loss, and Power Factor Measurement of Quadrupole Magnet Power Supplies at the Spallation Neutron Source	linac, controls, quadrupole, neutron	2428
	S. Harave ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA B. Morris SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
	The linear accelerator (LINAC) quadrupole magnets are powered by 42 silicon-controlled rectifier (SCR) based power supplies at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) facility of Oak Ridge National Laboratory. These 35V, 525A power supplies are bulky, inefficient and require both air and water cooling. The reliability of the SNS facility is impacted due to water leaks internal to power supplies and current readback issues associated with their unique control system interface, resulting in multiple downtime events. Hence, an alternate solution is necessary for the continued reliable operation of the SNS. To mitigate the above-mentioned problems, this paper proposes the use of off-the-shelf Switch Mode Power Supplies (SMPS) rated for 20V, 500A with serial control interface. These SMPS are air-cooled, more efficient and more compact owing to their switching speeds of approximately 160 kHz. The performance enhancements of the SMPS in comparison with the existing SCR power supply are discussed in detail in this paper. The features of the SMPS, along with experimental results for both power supplies, like efficiency, power losses and stability, are presented. Ongoing work is also discussed.
	Poster TUPAB388 [0.420 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB388
About •	paper received ※ 17 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 31 May 2021 issue date ※ 17 August 2021
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TUPAB389	High Precision Four Quadrant Converter with GaN Technology	controls, simulation, operation, damping	2431
	M. Incurvati, T. Margreiter, R. Stärz MCI, Innsbruck, Austria T. Riedler NTUT, Taipei City, Taiwan
	New proton therapy facilities for the cure of tumors as well as high-energy photon sources are currently being installed all around the world. In this field, the request for special power supplies for corrector, scanning, and quadrupole magnets are increasing. For these applications, mandatory requirements are high bandwidth and current stability as well as low output ripple which are conflicting constraints. A feasibility study, prototype development, measurements, and investigations on the control methodology of a wide-bandgap GaN semiconductor-based power module is presented in the paper. The developed power module features the following characteristics: Eurocard standard PCB, bipolar 4Q operation, minimum switching frequency 100 kHz, bandwidth 5 kHz, output voltage and current up to 200 V / 8 A, output current ripple <20 ppm. The enlisted characteristics make it suitable for high inductive loads requiring fast transients (scanning magnets). An RST controller will be developed and a system identification approach to the transfer function of two parallel-connected power modules will be presented along with simulations assessing the performance.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB389
About •	paper received ※ 19 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 25 June 2021 issue date ※ 21 August 2021
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WEPAB199	Study on the Important Technologies of 300MeV Upgrade for the CSNS Injection System	injection, electron, vacuum, neutron	3089
	M.Y. Huang, C.D. Deng, L. Kang, L. Liu, Y. Liu, X. Qi, S. Wang, Q.B. Wu, Y.W. Wu, S.Y. Xu, W.Q. Zhang, Y.L. Zhang IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China J.X. Chen, T. Huang, H.C. Liu IHEP CSNS, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
	Funding: This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project Nos. U1832210 and 12075134). The China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS-I) have achieved the design goal of 100kW beam power on the target in Feb., 2020. As the second phase of the CSNS, CSNS-II will achieve a beam power on the target of 500 kW. The injection energy of CSNS-II will be increased from 80 MeV to 300 MeV and the average beam current of the Linac will increase 5 times. Therefore, the injection system will require a complete upgrade. In this paper, the design scheme of the injection system for CSNS-II will be introduced. The key technologies of the upgrade injection system will be carefully analyzed and pre-developed, such as the pulse power supplies and their magnets, the special-shaped ceramic vacuum chambers, the main stripping foil, the stripped electron collection, and so on.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB199
About •	paper received ※ 17 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 09 June 2021 issue date ※ 21 August 2021
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WEPAB208	Energy Sweeping Beam Extraction by the Septum Magnet Assisted with Charge Exchange for a Hadron Therapy	extraction, septum, kicker, acceleration	3109
	T.S. Dixit, A. Shaikh SAMEER, Mumbai, India T. Adachi, T. Kawakubo, K. Takayama KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
	An energy sweeping compact rapid cycling hadron therapy based on a fast cycling induction synchrotron has been proposed by KEK and SAMEER as the next generation of hadron therapy machine . For energy sweep extraction, a C+5 beam is injected, captured and trapped in the barrier bucket. A fraction of the beam is continuously released from the barrier bucket by controlling the timing of barrier pulse generation. Released C+5 ions merge into the coasting beam and moves inwards with ramping of the guiding main magnets. Ions in the coasting beam eventually hit the carbon foil placed inside the beam chamber wall. As a result, C+5 is converted to C+6 and beam orbit is largely changed as it traverses through the downstream bending magnet. This notably facilitates C+6 beam extraction, resulting in a relatively small kick angle of the septum magnet. When the septum is excited in the same way as that of the main magnets, the extracted C+6 beam always places on the center of the irradiation beam line. LISE++ simulations demonstrated the charge exchange efficiency of almost 100 % for expected beam energy. The feasibility of the switching power supply for the septum magnet has been studied. PRAB 24, 011601 (2021)
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB208
About •	paper received ※ 14 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 22 June 2021 issue date ※ 16 August 2021
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WEPAB211	Lattice Design of the Beam Transfer Line (BTL) from PIP-II LINAC to the Booster at Fermilab	booster, dipole, lattice, septum	3120
	M. Xiao Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	PIP-II beam transfer line (BTL) to transport the beam from PIP-II Linac to the Booster ring at Fermilab. The latest design eliminates rolling the dipoles in the beam line to cross over the Tevatron tunnel. Also re-designed is the lattice in the region of the Booster Injection to meet the request of the civil construction needs and accommodate the constrains of the Booster injection request. A beam line to the beam absorber (BAL) is designed based on the request from the results of Mars simulations and ANASYS calculation of the absorber. Simulations with dipole and quadrupole field errors for the Beam Transport Line (BTL) to the Booster, which provides the specifications for all the magnets and Power supplies, will be presented too.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB211
About •	paper received ※ 20 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 08 July 2021 issue date ※ 31 August 2021
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WEPAB418	The Power Supply System for 10 MeV & 20 kW Industry Irradiation Facility	gun, radiation, electron, high-voltage	3678
	F.L. Shang, L. Shang USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
	Funding: Work supported by National Key R&D Program of China 2018YFF0109204 The 10 MeV and 20 kW industry irradiation facility (IIF) has been designed by National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (NSRL) for years. Modular design power supplies are employed for the latest version, depend on the performance of these power supplies with high precision and high stability, the operating reliability of the IIF has been greatly improved.
	Poster WEPAB418 [0.991 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB418
About •	paper received ※ 15 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 23 June 2021 issue date ※ 13 August 2021
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THPAB037	Insertion Devices Impact on Solaris Storage Ring Optics	undulator, insertion, insertion-device, storage-ring	3827
	G.W. Kowalski, R. Panaś, A.I. Wawrzyniak NSRC SOLARIS, Kraków, Poland
	Solaris storage ring is currently operating with three insertion devices. The IDs installed are the APPLE II type elliptically polarised undulators (EPU). The UARPES beamline is operating with the long period length EPU of 120 mm (EPU120) which has a significant impact on the linear optics and tune shift. The linear optics compensation of the EPU120 impact is realised by local adjustment of SQFO quadrupole/sextupole focusing gradient and defocusing gradient in the flanking dipoles. Two additional EPUs with period lengths of 58 and 46.6 mm are recently installed for next beamlines PHELIX and DEMETER, respectively and are under commissioning now. To reduce the impact of all undulators movement the additional correction coils are installed and the correction feedforward tables has been determined experimentally. Additionally to keep the tune at the nominal values the tune feedback is planned to be implemented. Within this presentation the effect of all existing insertion devices on the linear optics based on measurements and simulations to be discussed. Moreover the nonlinear effects, especially the impact on dynamic aperture of Solaris storage ring will be investigated.
	Poster THPAB037 [2.522 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB037
About •	paper received ※ 18 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 14 July 2021 issue date ※ 30 August 2021
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THPAB245	A Simulation Study of Beam Pipe Eddy Current Effects on Beam Optics	quadrupole, simulation, operation, vacuum	4288
	T. Asami, T. Koseki The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo, Japan S. Igarashi, T. Koseki, Y. Kurimoto, Y. Sato KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
	In synchrotrons, fast changes of magnetic field induce eddy currents at the wall of beam pipes. The eddy currents cause a phase delay between excitation currents of the magnets and the magnetic field. The undesired magnetic field affected by eddy currents might be a serious obstacle in controlling beam optics precisely. In fact, in the operation of a high-intensity proton synchrotron J-PARC MR, the largest beam loss is observed at the beginning of acceleration when the magnetic field starts to vary in time. Therefore, it is important to estimate and understand the effects of eddy currents on beam optics. In this study, we have calculated the effect of eddy currents on magnetic field for some magnets in J-PARC MR, using electromagnetic simulation software. In this paper, we would like to report the details and results of the simulation.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB245
About •	paper received ※ 19 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 26 July 2021 issue date ※ 17 August 2021
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THPAB257	Fast Orbit Corrector Power Supply in MTCA.4 Form Factor for Sirius Light Source	controls, feedback, hardware, target	4307
	A.F. Giachero, G.B.M. Bruno, L.M. Russo, D.O. Tavares LNLS, Campinas, Brazil
	A new fast orbit feedback (FOFB) hardware architecture has been pursued at Sirius. The fast corrector magnets’ are fed by power supply modules which are placed in the same MicroTCA.4 crates where the BPM digitizers and FOFB controllers are located. Each channel is made of a 3-Watt linear amplifier whose output currents are digitally controlled by the same FPGA where the distributed orbit feedback controller is processed. The amplifier is specified to reach up to 10 kHz small-signal bandwidth on a 3.5 mH inductance magnet and ±1 A full scale, which translates to 30 urad deflection on Sirius’ 3 GeV beam. Such a high level of integration aims at minimizing the overall latency of the FOFB loop while leveraging the crate infrastructure, namely electronics enclosure, DC power, cooling, and hardware management support already provided by the MTCA.4 crates. The fast corrector power supply channels are placed on Rear Transition Modules (RTMs) which are attached to the front AMC FPGA module where the FOFB controller is implemented. This paper will describe the main design concepts and report on the experimental results of the first prototypes.
	Poster THPAB257 [48.881 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB257
About •	paper received ※ 22 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 27 July 2021 issue date ※ 20 August 2021
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THPAB258	Status of Time-Domain Simulation for the Fast Orbit Feedback System at the HEPS	simulation, feedback, vacuum, emittance	4311
	Y. Wei, Z. Duan, X.Y. Huang, Y. Jiao IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
	High Energy Photon Source (HEPS) is a complex designed at ultra-low emittance. A fast orbit feedback system is proposed to meet the requirement of beam orbit stability at the sub-micron level. In this paper, we present our work on setting up an orbit feedback process combined with noise model, system modeling, and particle tracking in the time domain. RF phase parameter is adjusted together with fast correctors to mitigate the orbit fluctuation due to energy vibration. The preliminary results are shown here. By the following optimization, we hope to provide an effective tool to specify and configure the FOFB system with the simulation.
	Poster THPAB258 [1.334 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB258
About •	paper received ※ 19 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 27 July 2021 issue date ※ 31 August 2021
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THPAB319	RF Power Generating System for the Linear Ion Accelerator	DTL, rfq, controls, MEBT	4417
	V.G. Kuzmichev, T. Kulevoy, D.A. Liakin, D.N. Selesnev, A. Sitnikov ITEP, Moscow, Russia M.L. Smetanin, A.V. Telnov, N.V. Zavyalov VNIIEF, Sarov, Russia
	An RF power supply system based on solid-state amplifiers has been developed for the linear accelerator of heavy ions. The report contains information on the characteristics and composition of the system, presents the LLRF structure for RFQ and DTL sections.
	Poster THPAB319 [0.275 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB319
About •	paper received ※ 16 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 16 August 2021 issue date ※ 19 August 2021
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Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

MOPAB025

First Experiments with Accelerated Ion Beams in the Booster of NICA Accelerator Complex

booster, injection, electron, heavy-ion

123

A.V. Butenko, V. Andreev, A.M. Bazanov, O.I. Brovko, D.E. Donets, A.V. Eliseev, I.V. Gorelyshev, A.V. Konstantinov, S.A. Kostromin, O.S. Kozlov, K.A. Levterov, A. Nesterov, A.V. Philippov, D.O. Ponkin, G.S. Sedykh, I.V. Shirikov, A.O. Sidorin, E. Syresin, A. Tuzikov, V. Volkov
JINR/VBLHEP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
N.N. Agapov, A.V. Alfeev, A.A. Baldin, A.A. Fateev, A.R. Galimov, B.V. Golovenskiy, E.V. Gorbachev, A. Govorov, E.V. Ivanov, V. Karpinsky, V.D. Kekelidze, H.G. Khodzhibagiyan, A. Kirichenko, A.G. Kobets, S.A. Korovkin, V. Kosachev, A.D. Kovalenko, G. Kunchenko, I.N. Meshkov, V.A. Mikhailov, V.A. Monchinsky, D. Nikiforov, R.V. Pivin, S. Romanov, A.A. Shurygin, A.I. Sidorov, A.N. Svidetelev, G.V. Trubnikov, B. Vasilishin
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
G.A. Fatkin
Cosylab Siberia, Novosibirsk, Russia

The NICA accelerator complex in JINR consist of two linear injector chains, a 578 MeV/u superconducting (SC) Booster synchrotron, the existing SC synchrotron Nuclotron, and a new SC collider that has two storage rings. The construction of the facility is based on the Nuclotron technology of SC magnets with an iron yoke and hollow SC cable. Assembly of the Booster synchrotron was finished in autumn of 2020 and first machine Run and experiments with ion beams were successfully done in December 2020. The results of this Run are discussed in this paper.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB025

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paper received ※ 16 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 07 September 2021 issue date ※ 15 August 2021

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MOPAB057

Evaluation of Pulsed Septum Leakage Fields and Compensation for the Advanced Photon Source Upgrade

septum, emittance, simulation, injection

245

M. Borland, M.S. Jaski, J. Wang
ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA

Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
The Advanced Photon Source upgrade is considering two options for injection: vertical-plane injection with a DC Lambertson septum and horizontal-plane injection with a pulsed septum. In the latter case, pulsed leakage fields are a concern as they will cause transient beam motion and emittance dilution. In this paper, we describe results of modeling the effect of such leakage fields on the beam. We also evaluate methods of compensating for the leakage fields, including the limited time response of correction elements. Several septum drive-pulse shapes are considered and compared.

Poster MOPAB057 [2.066 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB057

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paper received ※ 17 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 26 May 2021 issue date ※ 02 September 2021

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MOPAB058

Swap-Out Safety Tracking for the Advanced Photon Source Upgrade

photon, dipole, simulation, electron

249

M. Borland, J.S. Downey, M.S. Jaski
ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA

Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
The Advanced Photon Source upgrade will operate in swap-out mode, which is similar to top-up but involves complete replacement of individual depleted bunches in a single shot. As with top-up, safety is a concern given that this process will take place with beamline shutters open. We describe the methods used to model swap-out safety, including creation and validation of a full ring lattice based on 3D field maps. We also describe a new method of implementing complex, intersecting channels for electron beams and photon beams, as well as a method of easily identifying potentially dangerous stray particles. Numerous potential errors (e.g., magnet shorts) were modeled, giving a reliable indication of performance of proposed stored beam and magnet interlocks.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB058

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paper received ※ 14 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 28 May 2021 issue date ※ 29 August 2021

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MOPAB077

Anomaly Detection in Accelerator Facilities Using Machine Learning

operation, GUI, experiment, detector

304

A. Das
Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
M. Borland, L. Emery, X. Huang, H. Shang, G. Shen
ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
D.F. Ratner
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
R.M. Smith, G.M. Wang
BNL, Upton, New York, USA

Synchrotron light sources are user facilities and usually run about 5000 hours per year to support many beamlines operations in parallel. Reliability is a key parameter to evaluate machine performance. Even many facilities have achieved >95% beam reliability, there are still many hours of unscheduled downtime and every hour lost is a waste of operation costs along with a big impact on individual scheduled user experiments. Preventive maintenance on subsystems and quick recovery from machine trips are the basic strategies to achieve high reliability, which heavily depends on experts’ dedication. Recently, SLAC, APS, and NSLS-II collaborated to develop machine-learning-based approaches aiming to solve both situations, hardware failure prediction and machine failure diagnosis to find the root sources. In this paper, we report our facility operation status, development progress, and plans.

Poster MOPAB077 [1.240 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB077

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paper received ※ 16 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 14 June 2021 issue date ※ 01 September 2021

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MOPAB221

Developments of a Pulse Kicker System for the Three-Dimensional Spiral Beam Injection of the J-PARC Muon g-2/EDM Experiment

kicker, injection, experiment, solenoid

726

K. Oda, H. Hirayama, H. Iinuma, Y. Sato, M. Sugita
Ibaraki University, Ibaraki, Japan
M. Abe, K. Furukawa, T. Mibe, H. Nakayama, S. Ohsawa, M.A. Rehman, N. Saito, K. Sasaki
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
R. Matsushita
The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo, Japan

The J-PARC muon g-2/EDM experiment aims to perform ultra-precise measurements of anomalous magnetic moments (g-2) and electric dipole moments (EDM) from the spin precession of muons in a precise magnetic field and to explore new physics beyond the Standard Model. On experimental requirements, the beam must be stored in a compact storage orbit with a diameter of 66 cm, which is about 1/20th smaller than that of the previous experiment. To be realized, we adopt an unprecedented injection technique called the three-dimensional spiral injection scheme. In this scheme, the beam is injected from upward of the solenoidal storage magnet. The vertical beam motion along the solenoid axis is controlled by a few 100 ns pulse kicker. Once the beam is guided into the center fiducial storage volume, the muon beam is stored by the weak focusing magnetic field. Therefore, stable and accurate control of the pulse kicker is one of the major technical challenges to realize the ultra-precise measurement of the muon spin precession. In this presentation, we discuss the performance of the prototype pulse kicker device and future plan for installation of it to our test bench with an electron beam.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB221

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paper received ※ 20 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 31 May 2021 issue date ※ 15 August 2021

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MOPAB256

Development of Pulsed Beam System for the Three Dimensional Spiral Injection Scheme in the J-PARC muon g-2/EDM Experiment

injection, experiment, kicker, controls

809

R. Matsushita
The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo, Japan
M. Abe, K. Hurukawa, T. Mibe, H. Nakayama, S. Ohsawa, M.A. Rehman, N. Saito, K. Sasaki
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
H. Hirayama, H. Iinuma, K. Oda, Y. Sato, M. Sugita
Ibaraki University, Ibaraki, Japan
N. Saito
J-PARC, KEK & JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan
T. Takayanagi
JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan

The J-PARC muon g-2/EDM experiment aims to measure the anomalous magnetic moment(g-2) and electric dipole moment(EDM) of the muon with higher precision than the previous BNL E821 experiment. A brand-new three-dimensional spiral injection scheme is employed to inject and store muon beam into a 66 cm diameter of storage magnet. Feasibility studies are ongoing by use of 80 keV electron beam at KEK test bench, to develop skills on control transverse beam motion; so-called X-Y coupling, with DC beam. As a next step, towards store the beam by use of a kicker system, a pulsed beam should be generated from the DC beam with an intended time structure to meet a pulse kicker’s duration time, without changing transverse phase space characteristics. In this presentation, the development of a beam chopper device and the evaluation of pulse beam profile are discussed.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB256

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paper received ※ 20 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 15 June 2021 issue date ※ 16 August 2021

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MOPAB334

Status and Recent Development of FAIR Ring RF Systems

cavity, LLRF, operation, status

1037

U. Laier, R. Balß, C. Christoph, M. Frey, P. Hülsmann, H. Klingbeil, H.G. König, D.E.M. Lens, J.S. Schmidt, A. Stuhl, K.G. Thomin, T. Winnefeld
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
H. Klingbeil
TEMF, TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany

Funding: GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH
Five different Ring RF Systems are required for the operation of FAIR (Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research). These systems have to operate at frequencies between 310 kHz and 3.2 MHz, with gap voltages up to 40 kVp and duty cycles from 5·10^-4 up to cw. All systems will be realized using inductively loaded (ferrite or magnetic alloy) cavities driven by tetrode-based amplifiers fed by switch-mode power supplies. To stabilize the amplitude, resonance frequency and phase, versatile digital feedback and feedforward control will be used. This contribution will present the latest development on the power part and the LLRF of the four RF systems of the SIS100 (SIS100 Acceleration, SIS100 Bunch Compression, SIS100 Barrier Bucket and SIS100 Longitudinal Feedback) as well as the CR Debuncher system which is part of the Collector Ring. The progress of these systems varies by a large degree. This note will give an overview regarding the status of the design, procurement, realization, testing, optimization, commissioning and preparation for installation of these RF systems.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB334

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paper received ※ 18 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 07 June 2021 issue date ※ 12 August 2021

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MOPAB415

Failure Rates and Downtimes of Multi-Leaf Collimators in Indonesia

linac, radiation, target, gun

1248

G.S. Peiris, S.L. Sheehy
The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
M.F. Kasim, S.A. Pawiro
University of Indonesia, Depok, Jawa Barat, Indonesia

One of the greatest barriers to cancer treatment in Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) is the access to Radiotherapy Linear Accelerators (LINACs). Not only are the LINACs complex, the harsh environment of LMICs cause frequent breakdowns resulting in downtimes ranging from days to months. Recent research has identified a disparity between LMICs and High Income Countries (HICs) and determined the Multi-Leaf Collimator (MLC) as a component needing re-evaluation. The MLC causes over 30% of the problems in RT LINACs, but the modes of failure and quantify the extent of the damage done are yet to be quantified. Using data from across Indonesia, we show the pathways to failure of RT Machines and frequency of breakdowns over time. A component of the MLC needs to be replaced every 9.98 faults per 1000 patients treated and the MLC itself breaks down on average every 36±1.8 days. When comparing the downtime by leaf width, the data shows 5mm leaves contribute 18.27±6.5% to all breakdowns while 10mm makes up 15.87±4.3%. These results outline the need to reassess the current generation of RT LINACs and ultimately work towards guiding future designs to be robust enough for all environments.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB415

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paper received ※ 19 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 09 June 2021 issue date ※ 16 August 2021

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TUPAB061

Anomaly Detection by Principal Component Analysis and Autoencoder Approach

network, operation, storage-ring, photon

1502

Y.P. Sun
ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA

Funding: The work is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
Several different approach are employed to identify the abnormal events in some Advanced Photon Source (APS) operation archived dataset, where dimensionality reduction are performed by either principal component analysis or autoencoder artificial neural network. It is observed that the APS stored beam dump event, which is triggered by magnet power supply fault, may be predicted by analyzing the magnets capacitor temperatures dataset. There is reasonable agreement among two principal component analysis based approaches and the autoencoder artificial neural network approach, on predicting future overall system fault which may result in a stored beam dump in the APS storage ring.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB061

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paper received ※ 22 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 18 June 2021 issue date ※ 19 August 2021

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TUPAB304

Preliminary Investigation of the Noises and Updates on Physics Studies of FOFB in HEPS

storage-ring, lattice, controls, factory

2197

X.Y. Huang, Y. Jiao, Y. Wei
IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China

High Energy Photon Source (HEPS) is a Fourth-generation storage ring light source in China and is under construction. Noises, such as the ambient mechanical vibration and the power supply ripples of magnets, may induce large orbit motions of electron bunches and hence dramatically degrade the emitted photon beam quality. The effect of noises becomes significant and needs to be considered very carefully, especially when the emittances of the electron beam approach the diffraction limit of x-ray. For the HEPS, the noises are modelled and the total beam orbit motion is evaluated considering the spectral characteristics of all the transformation processes from the errors to the orbit. In this paper, we present the preliminary calculation of the effects of noises in HEPS, and the control of the orbit motion with the FOFB system.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB304

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paper received ※ 17 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 02 July 2021 issue date ※ 16 August 2021

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TUPAB327

Developing Robust Digital Twins and Reinforcement Learning for Accelerator Control Systems at the Fermilab Booster

controls, network, booster, FPGA

2268

D.L. Kafkes
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
M. Schram
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA

Funding: This research was sponsored by the Fermilab Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program under Project ID FNAL-LDRD-2019-027: Accelerator Control with Artificial Intelligence.
We describe the offline machine learning (ML) development for an effort to precisely regulate the Gradient Magnet Power Supply (GMPS) at the Fermilab Booster accelerator complex via a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). As part of this effort, we created a digital twin of the Booster-GMPS control system by training a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) to capture its full dynamics. We outline the path we took to carefully validate our digital twin before deploying it as a reinforcement learning (RL) environment. Additionally, we demonstrate the use of a Deep Q-Network (DQN) policy model with the capability to regulate the GMPS against realistic time-varying perturbations.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB327

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paper received ※ 18 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 22 June 2021 issue date ※ 20 August 2021

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TUPAB347

Development of a 166-MHz 260-kW Solid-State Power Amplifier for High Energy Photon Source

controls, photon, status, cavity

2315

Y.L. Luo, T.M. Huang, J. Li, H.Y. Lin, Q. Ma, Q.Y. Wang, P. Zhang, F.C. Zhao
IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China

166-MHz 260-kW solid-state power amplifiers have been chosen to drive the 166.6-MHz superconducting cavities for the storage ring of High Energy Photon Source. Highly modular yet compact are desired. A total number of 112 amplifier modules of 3 kW each are combined in a multi-stage power combining topology. The final output is of 9-3/16" 50 Ω coaxial rigid line. Each amplifier module consists of 3 LDMOS transistors with individual circulator and load. Thermal simulations of the amplifier module have been conducted to optimize cooling capabilities for both travelling-wave and full-reflection operation scenarios. High efficiency, sufficient redundancy and excellent RF performances of the 260-kW system are demonstrated. A control system is also integrated and EPICS is used to manage the monitored data. The design and test results of the amplifier system are presented in this paper.

Poster TUPAB347 [1.972 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB347

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paper received ※ 19 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 21 June 2021 issue date ※ 29 August 2021

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TUPAB351

The Progress of 300 kW Home-Made Fully Solid-State Transmitter for TPS

controls, ISOL, operation, HOM

2328

T.-C. Yu, F.Y. Chang, M.H. Chang, S.W. Chang, L.J. Chen, F.-T. Chung, Y.D. Li, M.-C. Lin, Z.K. Liu, C.H. Lo, Ch. Wang, M.-S. Yeh
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan

To support the stable operation of Taiwan Photon Source (TPS) with 500mA beam current and the in-creasing beam line construction, a 3rd RF plant is thus constructed for such demand. The RF power source of the other 2 RF plants adopts klystron type transmitter and the 3rd RF plants is transferred to new technology of solid-state for better redundancy and easier mainte-nance. Base on the success of solid-state power ampli-fier development in 2020, a 3rd RF power source is thus decided to be made in house by solid-state tech-nology. The 500MHz 300kW solid-state transmitter is constructed by 4 80 kW solid-state power amplifier (SSPA) towers and power combined by 3 WR1800 3-dB hybrid couplers. Each tower is consisted of 110 850W final stage SSPA modules with 4 100W pre-amplifiers and 6 600W drive amplifiers. The pre and drive amplifiers are power combined for higher redun-dancy. The DC power are economical industrial 48V AC-DC rack mount power supplies which are parallel connected for higher total DC power and best redun-dancy. The architecture and present progress are pre-sented in this article.

Poster TUPAB351 [2.348 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB351

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paper received ※ 20 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 11 June 2021 issue date ※ 20 August 2021

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TUPAB353

Remote Commissioning of 400 kW 352 MHz Amplifiers

controls, real-time, MMI, PLC

2332

C. Pasotti, A. Cuttin, A. Fabris
Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy
A. Frizzi, G. Zardi
Itelco Broadcast Srl, Orvieto (TR), Italy
M. Rossi
DB Science, Padova, Italy

In the framework of the European Spallation Source ERIC (ESS ERIC) In-Kind collaboration, Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste has the task to deliver 26 400 kW 352 MHz Radio Frequency Power Station (RFPS) units. They will feed the Spoke Cavities section of the proton Linac. The RFPS manufacturing contract has been awarded to the European Science Solutions consortium (ESS-C) gained the. The production of the amplifiers is well underway and it has reached a steady rate of delivery. Each RFPS is subject to a Factory Acceptance Test (FAT). In this contribution, the main results of the FATs are presented, together with the FAT remote session protocol. This protocol has been specifically developed to cope with the traveling and in persons meeting restrictions imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Poster TUPAB353 [2.675 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB353

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paper received ※ 17 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 23 June 2021 issue date ※ 17 August 2021

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TUPAB388

Efficiency, Power Loss, and Power Factor Measurement of Quadrupole Magnet Power Supplies at the Spallation Neutron Source

linac, controls, quadrupole, neutron

2428

S. Harave
ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
B. Morris
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA

The linear accelerator (LINAC) quadrupole magnets are powered by 42 silicon-controlled rectifier (SCR) based power supplies at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) facility of Oak Ridge National Laboratory. These 35V, 525A power supplies are bulky, inefficient and require both air and water cooling. The reliability of the SNS facility is impacted due to water leaks internal to power supplies and current readback issues associated with their unique control system interface, resulting in multiple downtime events. Hence, an alternate solution is necessary for the continued reliable operation of the SNS. To mitigate the above-mentioned problems, this paper proposes the use of off-the-shelf Switch Mode Power Supplies (SMPS) rated for 20V, 500A with serial control interface. These SMPS are air-cooled, more efficient and more compact owing to their switching speeds of approximately 160 kHz. The performance enhancements of the SMPS in comparison with the existing SCR power supply are discussed in detail in this paper. The features of the SMPS, along with experimental results for both power supplies, like efficiency, power losses and stability, are presented. Ongoing work is also discussed.

Poster TUPAB388 [0.420 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB388

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paper received ※ 17 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 31 May 2021 issue date ※ 17 August 2021

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TUPAB389

High Precision Four Quadrant Converter with GaN Technology

controls, simulation, operation, damping

2431

M. Incurvati, T. Margreiter, R. Stärz
MCI, Innsbruck, Austria
T. Riedler
NTUT, Taipei City, Taiwan

New proton therapy facilities for the cure of tumors as well as high-energy photon sources are currently being installed all around the world. In this field, the request for special power supplies for corrector, scanning, and quadrupole magnets are increasing. For these applications, mandatory requirements are high bandwidth and current stability as well as low output ripple which are conflicting constraints. A feasibility study, prototype development, measurements, and investigations on the control methodology of a wide-bandgap GaN semiconductor-based power module is presented in the paper. The developed power module features the following characteristics: Eurocard standard PCB, bipolar 4Q operation, minimum switching frequency 100 kHz, bandwidth 5 kHz, output voltage and current up to 200 V / 8 A, output current ripple <20 ppm. The enlisted characteristics make it suitable for high inductive loads requiring fast transients (scanning magnets). An RST controller will be developed and a system identification approach to the transfer function of two parallel-connected power modules will be presented along with simulations assessing the performance.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB389

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paper received ※ 19 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 25 June 2021 issue date ※ 21 August 2021

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WEPAB199

Study on the Important Technologies of 300MeV Upgrade for the CSNS Injection System

injection, electron, vacuum, neutron

3089

M.Y. Huang, C.D. Deng, L. Kang, L. Liu, Y. Liu, X. Qi, S. Wang, Q.B. Wu, Y.W. Wu, S.Y. Xu, W.Q. Zhang, Y.L. Zhang
IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
J.X. Chen, T. Huang, H.C. Liu
IHEP CSNS, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China

Funding: This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project Nos. U1832210 and 12075134).
The China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS-I) have achieved the design goal of 100kW beam power on the target in Feb., 2020. As the second phase of the CSNS, CSNS-II will achieve a beam power on the target of 500 kW. The injection energy of CSNS-II will be increased from 80 MeV to 300 MeV and the average beam current of the Linac will increase 5 times. Therefore, the injection system will require a complete upgrade. In this paper, the design scheme of the injection system for CSNS-II will be introduced. The key technologies of the upgrade injection system will be carefully analyzed and pre-developed, such as the pulse power supplies and their magnets, the special-shaped ceramic vacuum chambers, the main stripping foil, the stripped electron collection, and so on.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB199

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paper received ※ 17 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 09 June 2021 issue date ※ 21 August 2021

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WEPAB208

Energy Sweeping Beam Extraction by the Septum Magnet Assisted with Charge Exchange for a Hadron Therapy

extraction, septum, kicker, acceleration

3109

T.S. Dixit, A. Shaikh
SAMEER, Mumbai, India
T. Adachi, T. Kawakubo, K. Takayama
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

An energy sweeping compact rapid cycling hadron therapy based on a fast cycling induction synchrotron has been proposed by KEK and SAMEER as the next generation of hadron therapy machine *. For energy sweep extraction, a C+5 beam is injected, captured and trapped in the barrier bucket. A fraction of the beam is continuously released from the barrier bucket by controlling the timing of barrier pulse generation. Released C+5 ions merge into the coasting beam and moves inwards with ramping of the guiding main magnets. Ions in the coasting beam eventually hit the carbon foil placed inside the beam chamber wall. As a result, C+5 is converted to C+6 and beam orbit is largely changed as it traverses through the downstream bending magnet. This notably facilitates C+6 beam extraction, resulting in a relatively small kick angle of the septum magnet. When the septum is excited in the same way as that of the main magnets, the extracted C+6 beam always places on the center of the irradiation beam line. LISE++ simulations demonstrated the charge exchange efficiency of almost 100 % for expected beam energy. The feasibility of the switching power supply for the septum magnet has been studied.
* PRAB 24, 011601 (2021)

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB208

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paper received ※ 14 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 22 June 2021 issue date ※ 16 August 2021

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WEPAB211

Lattice Design of the Beam Transfer Line (BTL) from PIP-II LINAC to the Booster at Fermilab

booster, dipole, lattice, septum

3120

M. Xiao
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

PIP-II beam transfer line (BTL) to transport the beam from PIP-II Linac to the Booster ring at Fermilab. The latest design eliminates rolling the dipoles in the beam line to cross over the Tevatron tunnel. Also re-designed is the lattice in the region of the Booster Injection to meet the request of the civil construction needs and accommodate the constrains of the Booster injection request. A beam line to the beam absorber (BAL) is designed based on the request from the results of Mars simulations and ANASYS calculation of the absorber. Simulations with dipole and quadrupole field errors for the Beam Transport Line (BTL) to the Booster, which provides the specifications for all the magnets and Power supplies, will be presented too.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB211

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paper received ※ 20 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 08 July 2021 issue date ※ 31 August 2021

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WEPAB418

The Power Supply System for 10 MeV & 20 kW Industry Irradiation Facility

gun, radiation, electron, high-voltage

3678

F.L. Shang, L. Shang
USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China

Funding: Work supported by National Key R&D Program of China 2018YFF0109204
The 10 MeV and 20 kW industry irradiation facility (IIF) has been designed by National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (NSRL) for years. Modular design power supplies are employed for the latest version, depend on the performance of these power supplies with high precision and high stability, the operating reliability of the IIF has been greatly improved.

Poster WEPAB418 [0.991 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB418

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paper received ※ 15 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 23 June 2021 issue date ※ 13 August 2021

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THPAB037

Insertion Devices Impact on Solaris Storage Ring Optics

undulator, insertion, insertion-device, storage-ring

3827

G.W. Kowalski, R. Panaś, A.I. Wawrzyniak
NSRC SOLARIS, Kraków, Poland

Solaris storage ring is currently operating with three insertion devices. The IDs installed are the APPLE II type elliptically polarised undulators (EPU). The UARPES beamline is operating with the long period length EPU of 120 mm (EPU120) which has a significant impact on the linear optics and tune shift. The linear optics compensation of the EPU120 impact is realised by local adjustment of SQFO quadrupole/sextupole focusing gradient and defocusing gradient in the flanking dipoles. Two additional EPUs with period lengths of 58 and 46.6 mm are recently installed for next beamlines PHELIX and DEMETER, respectively and are under commissioning now. To reduce the impact of all undulators movement the additional correction coils are installed and the correction feedforward tables has been determined experimentally. Additionally to keep the tune at the nominal values the tune feedback is planned to be implemented. Within this presentation the effect of all existing insertion devices on the linear optics based on measurements and simulations to be discussed. Moreover the nonlinear effects, especially the impact on dynamic aperture of Solaris storage ring will be investigated.

Poster THPAB037 [2.522 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB037

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paper received ※ 18 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 14 July 2021 issue date ※ 30 August 2021

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THPAB245

A Simulation Study of Beam Pipe Eddy Current Effects on Beam Optics

quadrupole, simulation, operation, vacuum

4288

T. Asami, T. Koseki
The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo, Japan
S. Igarashi, T. Koseki, Y. Kurimoto, Y. Sato
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

In synchrotrons, fast changes of magnetic field induce eddy currents at the wall of beam pipes. The eddy currents cause a phase delay between excitation currents of the magnets and the magnetic field. The undesired magnetic field affected by eddy currents might be a serious obstacle in controlling beam optics precisely. In fact, in the operation of a high-intensity proton synchrotron J-PARC MR, the largest beam loss is observed at the beginning of acceleration when the magnetic field starts to vary in time. Therefore, it is important to estimate and understand the effects of eddy currents on beam optics. In this study, we have calculated the effect of eddy currents on magnetic field for some magnets in J-PARC MR, using electromagnetic simulation software. In this paper, we would like to report the details and results of the simulation.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB245

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paper received ※ 19 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 26 July 2021 issue date ※ 17 August 2021

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THPAB257

Fast Orbit Corrector Power Supply in MTCA.4 Form Factor for Sirius Light Source

controls, feedback, hardware, target

4307

A.F. Giachero, G.B.M. Bruno, L.M. Russo, D.O. Tavares
LNLS, Campinas, Brazil

A new fast orbit feedback (FOFB) hardware architecture has been pursued at Sirius. The fast corrector magnets’ are fed by power supply modules which are placed in the same MicroTCA.4 crates where the BPM digitizers and FOFB controllers are located. Each channel is made of a 3-Watt linear amplifier whose output currents are digitally controlled by the same FPGA where the distributed orbit feedback controller is processed. The amplifier is specified to reach up to 10 kHz small-signal bandwidth on a 3.5 mH inductance magnet and ±1 A full scale, which translates to 30 urad deflection on Sirius’ 3 GeV beam. Such a high level of integration aims at minimizing the overall latency of the FOFB loop while leveraging the crate infrastructure, namely electronics enclosure, DC power, cooling, and hardware management support already provided by the MTCA.4 crates. The fast corrector power supply channels are placed on Rear Transition Modules (RTMs) which are attached to the front AMC FPGA module where the FOFB controller is implemented. This paper will describe the main design concepts and report on the experimental results of the first prototypes.

Poster THPAB257 [48.881 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB257

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paper received ※ 22 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 27 July 2021 issue date ※ 20 August 2021

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THPAB258

Status of Time-Domain Simulation for the Fast Orbit Feedback System at the HEPS

simulation, feedback, vacuum, emittance

4311

Y. Wei, Z. Duan, X.Y. Huang, Y. Jiao
IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China

High Energy Photon Source (HEPS) is a complex designed at ultra-low emittance. A fast orbit feedback system is proposed to meet the requirement of beam orbit stability at the sub-micron level. In this paper, we present our work on setting up an orbit feedback process combined with noise model, system modeling, and particle tracking in the time domain. RF phase parameter is adjusted together with fast correctors to mitigate the orbit fluctuation due to energy vibration. The preliminary results are shown here. By the following optimization, we hope to provide an effective tool to specify and configure the FOFB system with the simulation.

Poster THPAB258 [1.334 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB258

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paper received ※ 19 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 27 July 2021 issue date ※ 31 August 2021

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THPAB319

RF Power Generating System for the Linear Ion Accelerator

DTL, rfq, controls, MEBT

4417

V.G. Kuzmichev, T. Kulevoy, D.A. Liakin, D.N. Selesnev, A. Sitnikov
ITEP, Moscow, Russia
M.L. Smetanin, A.V. Telnov, N.V. Zavyalov
VNIIEF, Sarov, Russia

An RF power supply system based on solid-state amplifiers has been developed for the linear accelerator of heavy ions. The report contains information on the characteristics and composition of the system, presents the LLRF structure for RFQ and DTL sections.

Poster THPAB319 [0.275 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB319

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paper received ※ 16 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 16 August 2021 issue date ※ 19 August 2021

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