Keyword: rfq
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MOPAB159 Matching of an RFQ and Multicusp Ion Source with Compact LEBT LEBT, cyclotron, ion-source, simulation 546
 
  • L.H. Waites, J.M. Conrad, J. Smolsky, D. Winklehner
    MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
  
  Funding: NSF provided funding for RFQ-DIP project, Draper Laboratory provided fellowship for graduate studnets
The IsoDAR project is a neutrino experiment that requires a high current H2+ beam at 60 MeV/amu, which will be produced by a cyclotron. A critical aspect of the design is the injection, which comprises an ion source, a compact low energy beam transport section (LEBT), and a radio-frequency quadrupole (RFQ) buncher embedded in the cyclotron yoke. The LEBT is optimized to match the desired input Twiss parameters of the RFQ. Here we report on the latest results from the ion source commissioning, and on the design and optimization of the LEBT with matching to the RFQ. With this ion source, we have demonstrated a 76% H2+ fraction at a current density of 11 mA/cm2 in DC mode. The design of the LEBT includes a chopper, steering elements, and focusing elements, to achieve the desired matching, which according to our simulations leads to ~95% transmission from the ion source to the exit of the RFQ. 		 
poster icon Poster MOPAB159 [0.851 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB159  
About • paper received ※ 15 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 24 June 2021       issue date ※ 13 August 2021  
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MOPAB160 Tools for the Development and Applications of the IsoDAR Cyclotron cyclotron, proton, target, injection 550
 
  • L.H. Waites, J.R. Alonso, J.M. Conrad, D. Koser, D. Winklehner
    MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
  
  Funding: NSF provided funding for the RFQDIP project, Draper laboratory provided a fellowship for the graduate student
The IsoDAR cyclotron is a 60 MeV cyclotron designed to output 10mA of protons in order to be a driver for a neutrino experiment. However, this high power can be used in other useful and important applications outside of particle physics. The IsoDAR cyclotron accelerates H2+, which allows the beam to be highly versatile and important for the development of high-power targets. This could help alleviate a huge bottleneck in the medical isotope community. IsoDAR could also be used for the development of materials. The accelerator system uses many new tools, including novel methods of applying machine learning, as well as several of the uses of this new technology. With these applications and tools, the IsoDAR cyclotron can have an important impact on the accelerator, medical, and physics communities. 		 
poster icon Poster MOPAB160 [0.424 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB160  
About • paper received ※ 15 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 24 June 2021       issue date ※ 13 August 2021  
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MOPAB196 Field tuning of the 1 MeV/n RFQ at KOMAC ion-source, dipole, quadrupole, solenoid 662
 
  • H.-J. Kwon, Y.-S. Cho, J.J. Dang, W.-H. Jung, D.-H. Kim, H.S. Kim, K.H. Kim, S. Lee
    Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
  
  Funding: This work was supported by the Korea Multi-purpose Accelerator Complex (KOMAC) operation funds through Ministry of Science and ICT (MIST) of Korean Government.
A 1 MeV/n Radio-frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) is under development at Korea Multi-purpose Accelerator Complex (KOMAC), the purposes of which are swift ion beam irradiation and compact neutron source. The RFQ was designed to accelerate ions with mass to charge (A/q) ratio up to 2.5. The designed peak current was 10 mA with 10% duty ratio. The RFQ is four vane structure resonated at 200 MHz. It has total 40 frequency tuners. There are no dipole rods and resonant coupling plate because the mode separation was large enough and the length of the RFQ was only two times of the wavelength. In this paper, the development status and field tuning results of the 1 MeV/n RFQ are presented. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB196  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 28 May 2021       issue date ※ 20 August 2021  
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MOPAB205 Minerva (MYRRHA Phase 1) RFQ Beam Commissioning LEBT, emittance, MMI, linac 675
 
  • A. Gatera, J. Belmans, F. Davin, W. De Cock, F. Doucet, L. Parez, F. Pompon, A. Ponton, D. Vandeplassche
    SCK•CEN, Mol, Belgium
  • F. Bouly
    LPSC, Grenoble Cedex, France
  • C. Joly, L. Perrot
    Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
  • H. Podlech
    IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
  • J. Tamura
    JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan
  • C. Zhang
    GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
  
  Funding: Part of this work was supported by the European Commission Framework Programme H2020, MYRTE project nr. 662186
The MYRRHA project aims at coupling a 600 MeV proton accelerator to a subcritical fission core operating at a thermal power of 60 MW. The nominal proton beam for this ADS has an intensity of 4 mA and is delivered in a quasi-CW mode. Phase 1 of the project will realize a 100 MeV, 4 mA superconducting linac with the mission of ensuring the ADS requirements in terms of reliability and fault tolerance. As part of the reliability optimization program the integrated prototyping of the MINERVA injector is ongoing. The front-end of the injector is composed of an ECR proton source, a 2.6 m long LEBT (low energy beam transport line) and a four-rod RFQ accelerating the beam to 1.5 MeV. The present contribution focuses on the current beam tests on the RFQ, including beam matching, RF conditioning, assessment of the cavities’ performances and accelerated beam characterisation. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB205  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 31 May 2021       issue date ※ 24 August 2021  
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MOPAB206 The RF Parameters of Heavy Ions Linac cavity, DTL, linac, MEBT 679
 
  • A. Sitnikov, G. Kropachev, T. Kulevoy, D.N. Selesnev, A.I. Semennikov
    ITEP, Moscow, Russia
  • M.L. Smetanin, A.V. Telnov, N.V. Zavyalov
    VNIIEF, Sarov, Russia
  
  The new linac for A/Z = 8, output energy 4 MeV/u and 3 mA current is under development at NRC "Kurchatov Institute"-ITEP. The linac consists of Radio-Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) with operating frequency 40 MHz and two sections of Drift Tube Linac (DTL) with operating frequency 80 and 160 MHz, correspondently. Both DTL has a modular structure and consists of separated individually phased resonators with focusing magnetic quadrupoles located between the cavities. The DTL1 is based on the quarter-wave resonators meanwhile DTL2 is based on IH 5-gap resonators. The 6D beam matching between RFQ and DTLs is provided by magnetic quadrupole lenses and 2-gaps RF-bunchers. The paper presents results of the radio-frequency (RF) design of linac accelerating structures.  
poster icon Poster MOPAB206 [0.559 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB206  
About • paper received ※ 14 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 01 July 2021       issue date ※ 29 August 2021  
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MOPAB207 Design Guideline for Minimizing Space-Charge-Induced Emittance Growth emittance, proton, space-charge, linac 682
 
  • C. Zhang
    GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
  
  Space-charge-induced emittance growth is a big concern for designing low-energy and high-intensity linacs. The Equipartitioning Principle was introduced to minimize space-charge-induced emittance growth by removing free energy between the transverse and longitudinal degrees of freedom. In this study, a different design guideline is being proposed. It suggests holding the ratio of longitudinal emittance to transverse emittance around one and take advantage of low emittance transfer for minimizing emittance growth. Using a high-intensity RFQ accelerator as an example, a comparison between the two design methods has been made.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB207  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 21 May 2021       issue date ※ 01 September 2021  
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MOPAB209 Commissioning of SANAEM RFQ Accelerator cavity, vacuum, plasma, proton 690
 
  • B. Yasatekin, A. Alacakir, A.S. Bolukdemir, I. Kilic, Y. Olgac
    TENMAK-NUKEN, Ankara, Turkey
  • E. Cicek
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  • E. Cosgun
    UNIST, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
  
  The former SANAEM RFQ is upgraded with a newly manufactured cavity, made of oxygen-free copper (OFC), having the capability of accelerating protons from 20 keV to 1.3 MeV. In the assembling of cavity vanes, flanges, etc., indium wire is preferred over the brazing process providing a more flexible and easy method for vacuum sealing. After assembling the cavity, argon plasma cleaning is performed for the final cleaning and RF pre-conditioning. Vacuum tests revealed that levels of 2·10-7 mbar could be achieved quite easily. RF power conditioning of the RFQ cavity is successfully completed with the observation of quite few sparks. In the commissioning tests with the proton beam, a magnetic analyzer is used to measure the energy of the particles. This paper presents the strategy and the results concerning the commissioning of the proton beam with special emphasis on the RFQ cavity.  
poster icon Poster MOPAB209 [5.076 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB209  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 14 June 2021       issue date ※ 22 August 2021  
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MOPAB236 Ion Beam Dynamics in Linac-100 Facility at Jinr linac, cavity, acceleration, emittance 767
 
  • S.M. Polozov, V.S. Dyubkov, Y. Lozeev, T.A. Lozeeva, A.V. Samoshin
    MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
  
  The heavy-ion linac LINAC-100 is a superconducting driver-accelerator proposed as one of the prospective projects at JINR. Its goal is to accelerate primary stable isotope CW high-intensity beams to energies up to 100 MeV/u*. This linac is discussed as the first stage of a new rare isotope facility DERICA (Dubna Electron-Radioactive Ion Collider fAcility), being under development at JINR since 2017**. LINAC-100 is supposed to work with a wide range of beams with A/Z 3.5/7, Uranium U34+ being the heaviest. Its concept has undergone many changes, mostly considering stripping cells to increase accelerator efficiency. During the latest investigations of various stripping cells [***, ****], Uranium beam stripping at the energy 10 MeV/u and utilizing three adjacent charge states 59-61+ resulted in 60% output beam intensity preservation (or 30 pA overall output current). The current layout of the LINAC-100 is the following: one or two (separately for light and heavy ions) normal conducting front-end linacs, gas stripper cell at 10 MeV/u, and the SC section. In this paper three charge state Uranium beam dynamics in the current version of SC LINAC-100 section is presented.
*S Polozov 2020 PhysScr 95 084006
**A S Fomichev Phys Usp 62(7) 675-690 2019
***Tolstikhina I 2018 Basic At Int of Acc H Ions in Matter 98 1
**** W Barth J Phys Conf Ser 1350:012096 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB236  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 17 August 2021       issue date ※ 26 August 2021  
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MOPAB246 Design of the MEBT for the JAEA-ADS Project MEBT, linac, emittance, quadrupole 790
 
  • B. Yee-Rendón, Y. Kondo, F.M. Maekawa, S.I. Meigo, J. Tamura
    JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan
  
  The Medium Energy Beam Transport (MEBT) will transport a CW proton beam with a current of 20 mA and energy of 2.5 MeV from the exit of the normal conducting Radiofrequency Quadrupole (RFQ) to the superconducting Half-Wave resonator (HWR) section. The MEBT must provide a good matching between the RFQ and HWR, effective control of the emittance growth and the halo formation, enough space for all the beam diagnostics devices, among others. This work reports the first lattice design and the beam dynamics studies for the MEBT of the JAEA-ADS.  
poster icon Poster MOPAB246 [0.827 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB246  
About • paper received ※ 10 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 June 2021       issue date ※ 19 August 2021  
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MOPAB268 Design of a Continuous Wave Heavy Ion RFQ for BISOL emittance, ISOL, LEBT, linac 851
 
  • S. Liu, M.Y. Han, Y.R. Lu, Q.Y. Tan, Z. Wang
    PKU, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  
  The Beijing isotope separation online (BISOL) facility will be used to study the new physics and technologies at the limit of the nuclear stability. The post accelerator for BISOL facility aims to accelerate radioactive beams to 150MeV/u. As an injector for the downstream superconducting linac, a 4-vane RFQ operating at 81.25MHz is needed to accelerate high-charge-state ions such as 132Sn22+ from 3keV/u to 500keV/u in CW mode. We have compared two kinds of beam dynamics of BISOL RFQ with and without a Multi-Harmonic Buncher (MHB) bunching the continuous wave beam up-stream of the RFQ. The results indicate that it is possible to keep transverse emittance growth within tolerable limits while the longitudinal emittance is much smaller than the design without an external buncher. The acceleration of multi-charge beams simultaneously in the RFQ is also discussed in this paper.  
poster icon Poster MOPAB268 [1.829 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB268  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 25 May 2021       issue date ※ 16 August 2021  
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MOPAB315 Beam Diagnostics for Commissioning and Operation of the FAIR Proton Linac linac, proton, diagnostics, MMI 972
 
  • T. Sieber, P. Forck, S. Udrea
    GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
  • J. Herranz, A. Vizcaino-de-Julian
    Proactive Research and Development, Sabadell, Spain
  
  For the planned antiproton experiments at FAIR a dedicated proton injector Linac is currently under construction. It will be connected via the old UNILAC transfer beamline to SIS18 and has a length of ~30 m. The Linac will accelerate protons up to a final energy of 68 MeV, at a pulse length of 35 µs and a maximum repetition rate of 4 Hz. It will operate at 325 MHz and consists of a new so called "Ladder" RFQ type, followed by a chain of CH-cavities, partially coupled by rf-coupling cells. We have worked out a diagnostics system, which allows detailed measurement and study of all beam parameters during commissioning and later during regular operation. The diagnostics devices will - in a first step - be installed on a diagnostics testbench for stepwise commissioning. We present the concepts for Linac and testbench with some special emphasis on energy measurements with spectrometer and SEM Grid profile measurements.  
poster icon Poster MOPAB315 [3.149 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB315  
About • paper received ※ 14 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 24 June 2021       issue date ※ 30 August 2021  
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MOPAB322 Electronics for Bead-pull Measurement of Radio Frequency Accelerating Structures in LEHIPA controls, cavity, software, interface 993
 
  • S. Rosily, S. Krishnagopal
    Homi Bhbha National Institute (HBNI), DAE, Mumbai, India
  • S. Krishnagopal, S. Singh
    BARC, Mumbai, India
  
  For carrying out bead-pull characterisation of RFQ and DTL at the Low Energy High Intensity Proton Accelerator of BARC, a controller for simultaneous motion of 64 axis, tuners or post couplers, was developed. Also, a bead motion controller with integrated phase measurement sensor was developed. The paper discusses the requirements of the system, the architecture of the control systems, operation and results. The results obtained from the sensor was compared to that obtained using an independent USB VNA. The advantages of the system especially with addition of internal phase measurement sensor including minimising position error, flexibility in beadpull to selectively increase resolution at specified locations and ease of implementing auto-tuning algorithms are discussed.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB322  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 24 May 2021       issue date ※ 14 August 2021  
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MOPAB337 Design Study of the Spiral Buncher Cavities for the High Current Injector at IUAC cavity, linac, impedance, bunching 1048
 
  • S. Kedia, R. Ahuja, R. Mehta, C.P. Safvan
    IUAC, New Delhi, India
  
  Two high energy beam transport (HEBT) cavities have been designed to provide the longitudinal beam bunching between drift tube linac and superconducting super-buncher of the superconducting linear (SC-LINAC) accelerator. The spiral type cavities were chosen over standard quarter wave-type geometry due to its higher shunt impedance. The TRACE-3D ion-optical codes have been used to determine the bunching voltage and physical location of the cavities. The two-gap RF cavity requires 80 kV/gap to provide the longitudinal beam bunching at the entrance of the superconducting buncher. The CST-MWS simulations were performed to design the spiral type bunching cavities. The various parameters including shunt impedance, quality factor, average accelerating field, and total power loss were determined using CST-MWS simulations. The ratio of drift tube radius to the gap was optimized to achieve the maximum effective electric field with minimum field penetration within the gap. The SolidWorks software has been used to prepare a mechanical model for the fabrication.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB337  
About • paper received ※ 15 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 26 May 2021       issue date ※ 26 August 2021  
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MOPAB340 Experimental Tests with the First Segment of ESS-Bilbao RFQ Linac vacuum, simulation, experiment, operation 1054
 
  • J.L. Muñoz, I. Bustinduy, A. Conde, N. Garmendia, P.J. González, J. Martin, A. Zugazaga
    ESS Bilbao, Zamudio, Spain
  
  The ESS-Bilbao RFQ is an assembly of four segments, each one about 800 mm in length. The first segment has been manufactured before the others, so it could be thoroughly tested in order to validate the chosen technological approach for the RFQ, as it uses polymeric vacuum gaskets and bolts instead of brazing. In this paper we report on the tests run with the segment and their results. Vacuum tests, metrology measurements, low power RF tests as well as extensive tuning tests measuring the cavity resonant quadrupolar frequency as a function of cooling water temperature have been done. Experimental results are compared to the expected values obtained from numerical simulations. We describe the experimental set-ups for the measurements and the simulations. Results are analyzed with the aim of validating the design, and also to provide predictions for tuning and operation of the whole RFQ. As a consequence of the positive results of the tests reported here, the remaining segments have already been tendered.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB340  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 25 May 2021       issue date ※ 20 August 2021  
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MOPAB351 Using an RFQ to Transport Intense Heavy Ion Beams from an ECR Ion Source ECR, ion-source, focusing, gun 1093
 
  • G.O. Rodrigues
    IUAC, New Delhi, India
  • R.W. Hamm
    R&M Technical Enterprises, Pleasanton, California, USA
  
  In the transport of high intensity, heavy ions from an ECR ion source through a low energy beam transport (LEBT) section, space charge can limit the transmission. It has been proposed to use a Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) to efficiently address this problem. The stray magnetic field of the ECR ion source can be used to provide focusing against the space charge blow-up when using the Direct Plasma Injection Scheme (DPIS) developed for laser ion sources. The RFQ will focus and transport the injected beam, eliminating most of the charge states extracted from the ECR ion source. This narrowing of the charge state distribution is a filter, reducing the low energy beam transport problem, as well as the emittance growth for the desired beam. A combined extraction/matching system has been designed for direct injection into a 48.5 MHz RFQ for the production of 238U40+ (0.52 mA) and 209Bi30+ (1.047 mA) beams. The IGUN code has been used to design the injection directly into the RFQ. The RFQ design has been modified with a pre-buncher built into the vanes to narrow the transmitted charge state distribution as much as possible. The design details of this system will be presented.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB351  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 17 August 2021       issue date ※ 15 August 2021  
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MOPAB404 A Low Emittance Compact Proton Injector for a Proton Therapy Facility proton, ion-source, emittance, LEBT 1218
 
  • S.X. Peng, J.E. Chen, B.J. Cui, Z.Y. Guo, Y.X. Jiang, K. Li, T.H. Ma, J. Sun, W.B. Wu, A.L. Zhang, J.F. Zhang
    PKU, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  • Y.H. Pu
    Shanghai APACTRON Particle Equipment Company Limited, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
  
  To meet the requirements of a Proton Therapy Facility funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China, a new compact ion source-LEBT integrated proton injector was developed at Peking University (PKU). It consists of a typical PKU permanent magnet compact 2.45 GHz ECR ion source (PMECRIS) and an electrostatic LEBT with an electrostatic lens, a beam chopper, a set of beam steers, an ACCT, a bellow, an e-trap, and a valve. A 1000 L/s molecular pump is adopted to maintain the vacuum for this integrated injector. The length from RF matching plane to RFQ front flange is about 450 mm. Chopper is used to shorten the pulse length from ms to µs with sharp edges. Test results of this PMECR source prove that it has the ability to deliver a proton beam with a current from 10 mA to 90 mA with a duty factor of 3%(100Hz/0.3ms) and its RMS emittance less than 0.1 mm·mrad at 30 keV. The acceptance tests of this integrated injector have been performed with a 30 keV hydrogen beam. A required proton current of 18 mA with ripple wave less than 0.1 mA successfully passed through a 20 mm aperture diaphragm at RFQ entrance flange. Its rms emittance is about 0.06 mm·mrad.  
poster icon Poster MOPAB404 [1.946 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB404  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 17 August 2021       issue date ※ 18 August 2021  
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TUXB07 High-Current H2+ Beams from a Compact Cyclotron using RFQ Direct Injection cyclotron, simulation, extraction, ion-source 1301
 
  • D. Winklehner, J.M. Conrad, D. Koser, J. Smolsky, L.H. Waites
    MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
  
  Funding: This work was supported by NSF grants PHY-1505858 and PHY-1626069.
For the IsoDAR neutrino experiment, we have developed a compact and cost-effective cyclotron-based driver to produce high current beams (cw proton beam currents of >10 mA at 60 MeV). This is a factor of 4 higher than the current state-of-the-art for cyclotrons and a factor of 10 compared to what is commercially available. All areas of physics that call for high cw currents can greatly benefit from this result; e.g. particle physics, medical isotope production, and energy research. This increase in beam current is possible in part because the cyclotron is designed to include and use vortex-motion, allowing clean extraction. Such a design process is only possible with the help of high-fidelity codes, like OPAL. Another novelty is the use of an RFQ embedded in the cyclotron yoke to bunch the beam during axial injection. Finally, using H2+ relieves some of the space charge constraints during injection. In this paper, we will give an overview of the project and then focus on the design and simulations of the cyclotron itself. We will describe the physics, computational tools, and simulation results. At the end, we will describe how we are including machine learning in the simulations. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUXB07  
About • paper received ※ 27 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 22 July 2021       issue date ※ 31 August 2021  
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TUXC08 Simulation and Beam Experiments of a Multi-Harmonics Buncher in SSC-Linac linac, simulation, experiment, heavy-ion 1319
 
  • Q.Y. Kong, H. Du, P. Jin, L. Jing, X.N. Li, Z.S. Li, Zh. Liu, J.W. Xia, X. Yin, Y. Zhang
    IMP/CAS, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
  
  Funding: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 11375243) and Guangdong Innovative and Entrepreneurial Research Team Program(No.2016ZT06G373).
A compact dual-gap Multi-Harmonics Buncher has been successfully used at the SSC-Linac, a linear accelerator dedicates to beam injection into SSC in HIRFL. SSC-Linac operates at 53.667MHz, which is forth time of the RF frequency of the SSC. In order to increase the longitudinal capture efficiency, and enhance the current out of SSC, an independent MHB(Multi-Harmonics Buncher) had been installed into the LEBT of SSC-Linac. The fundamental frequency of the MHB is 13.417MHz. The buncher adopts the mechanical structure of dual-gap and sawtooth waveform is generated by multi-harmonics synthetic technology. Beam performance simulation with MHB have been done with code BEAMPATH. Besides, 84Kr14+ beam has been bunched successfully using the MHB in our experiments, the maximum bunch efficiency of 86.1% has been measured in experiments. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUXC08  
About • paper received ※ 31 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 12 July 2021       issue date ※ 11 August 2021  
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TUPAB016 ESS RFQ: Installation and Tuning at Lund quadrupole, insertion, coupling, cavity 1372
 
  • P. Hamel, D. Chirpaz-Cerbat, M. Desmons, A.C. France, O. Piquet
    CEA-IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
  • A. Dubois, Y. Le Noa
    CEA-DRF-IRFU, France
  
  The 352 MHz Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) for the European Spallation Source ERIC (ESS) has been delivered by the end of 2019. It has been provided by CEA, IRFU, Saclay/France. It consists of five sections with a total length of 4.6 m and accelerates the 70 mA proton beam from 75 keV up to 3.6 MeV. It will be fed with 900 kW peak power through two coaxial loop couplers. The installation process (alignment, vacuum test), as well as the tuning process based on bead-pull measurements, is presented in this paper.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB016  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 06 July 2021       issue date ※ 14 August 2021  
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TUPAB169 Overall Concept Design of a Heavy-Ion Injector for XiPAF-Upgrading heavy-ion, DTL, LEBT, ion-source 1781
 
  • P.F. Ma, C.T. Du, X. Guan, Y. Lei, M.W. Wang, X.W. Wang, Q.Z. Xing, X.D. Yu, S.X. Zheng
    TUB, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  • W. Chen, W.L. Liu, W. Lv, M.T. Qiu, B.C. Wang, D. Wang, M.C. Wang, Z.M. Wang, Y.H. Yan, M.T. Zhao
    NINT, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
  
  A heavy-ion injector can be used for SEE study. In this paper, the primary beam dynamics design of a heavy-ion injector for the XiPAF upgrade is presented. The injector consists of an ECR heavy-ion source, a LEBT, an RFQ, and a DTL. The mass charge ratio can be up to 6.5. The RFQ can accelerate heavy ions to 500 keV/u, and the DTL can accelerate the ions to 2 MeV/u, which can meet the requirement of the synchrotron.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB169  
About • paper received ※ 16 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 16 June 2021       issue date ※ 11 August 2021  
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TUPAB170 Decouple Transverse Coupled Beam in the DTL with Tilted PMQs emittance, coupling, DTL, cavity 1785
 
  • P.F. Ma, X. Guan, R. Tang, X.W. Wang, Q.Z. Xing, X.D. Yu, S.X. Zheng
    TUB, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  • Y.H. Pu, J. Qiao, C.P. Wang, X.C. Xie, F. Yang
    Shanghai APACTRON Particle Equipment Company Limited, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
  
  The coupling of the beam is widely studied in the accelerator physics field. Projected transverse emittances easily grow up if the beam is transversely-coupled. If we decouple the transverse coupled beam, the transverse emittance can be small. The matrix approach based on the symplectic transformation theory for decoupling the coupled beam is summarized. For a proton accelerator, the transverse coupled beam is introduced by an RFQ tilted by 45°. The beam is decoupled with the first five tilted quadrupoles mounted in the DTL section. A study on the gradient choice of the quadrupoles and the space charge effect is given in this paper.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB170  
About • paper received ※ 08 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 21 June 2021       issue date ※ 28 August 2021  
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TUPAB203 Electromagnetic Simulations of a Novel Proton Linac Using VSim on HPC linac, simulation, operation, controls 1887
 
  • S.I. Sosa Guitron, S. Biedron, T.B. Bolin
    UNM-ECE, Albuquerque, USA
  • J.R. Cary
    Tech-X, Boulder, Colorado, USA
  • M.S. Curtin, B. Hartman, T. Pressnall, D.A. Swenson
    Ion Linac Systems, Inc., Albuquerque, USA
  
  Funding: This work is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, award number DE-SC0019468; It used resources of the Argonne Leadership Computing Facility, contract DE-AC02-06CH11357, and from Element Aero.
We discuss electromagnetic simulations of accelerating structures in a high performance computing (HPC) system. Our overarching goal is to resolve the linac operation in a large ensemble of initial beam conditions. This requires a symbiotic relation between the electromagnetic solver and HPC. The linac is being developed by Ion Linac Systems to produce a low-energy, high-current, proton beam. We use VSim, an electromagnetic solver and PIC software developed by Tech-X to determine the electromagnetic fundamental mode of operation of the accelerating structures and discuss its implementation at the THETA supercomputer in the Argonne Leadership Computing Facility. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB203  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 17 June 2021       issue date ※ 10 August 2021  
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TUPAB205 Advancement of LANSCE Front End Accelerator Facility DTL, proton, neutron, linac 1894
 
  • Y.K. Batygin, D. Gorelov, S.S. Kurennoy, J.W. Lewellen, N.A. Moody, L. Rybarcyk
    LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by US DOE under contract 89233218CNA000001
The LANSCE accelerator started routine operation in 1972 as a high-power facility for fundamental research and national security applications. To reduce long-term operational risk, we propose to develop a new Front End of accelerator facility. It contains 100-keV injector with 3-MeV RFQ, and 6-tanks Drift Tube Linac to accelerate particles up to energy of 100 MeV. The low-energy injector concept includes two independent transports merging H+ and H− beams at the entrance of RFQ. Beamlines are aimed to perform preliminary beam bunching in front of accelerator section with subsequent simultaneous acceleration of two different beams in a single RFQ. The paper discusses design topics of new Front End of accelerator facility. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB205  
About • paper received ※ 12 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 28 May 2021       issue date ※ 14 August 2021  
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TUPAB211 The Accelerator System of IFMIF-DONES Multi-MW Facility linac, cavity, SRF, cryomodule 1910
 
  • I. Podadera, A. Ibarra, D. Jimenez-Rey, J. Mollá, C. Oliver, D. Regidor, R. Varela, C. de la Morena
    CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain
  • F. Arbeiter, V. Hauer
    KIT, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
  • N. Bazin, J. Dumas, L. Seguí
    CEA-IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
  • L. Bellan, E. Fagotti, A. Palmieri, A. Pisent
    INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy
  • N. Chauvin, S. Chel, J. Plouin
    CEA-DRF-IRFU, France
  • G. Duglue, H. Dzitko
    F4E, Germany
  • W.C. Grabowski, A. Wysocka-Rabin
    NCBJ, Świerk/Otwock, Poland
  • M. Jaksic, T. Tadic
    RBI, Zagreb, Croatia
  • W. Królas
    IFJ-PAN, Kraków, Poland
  • R. López, A. Muñoz, C. Prieto
    Empresarios Agrupados, Madrid, Spain
  • O. Nomen, M. Sanmartí, F.J. Saura Esteban, B.K. Singh, D. Sánchez-Herranz
    IREC, Sant Adria del Besos, Spain
  
  Funding: Work carried out within EUROfusion Consortium and DONES-PreP and received funding from the Euratom research and training programme 2014-2018 & 2019-2020 under grants agreement No. 633053 & 870186
The IFMIF-DONES (DEMO-Oriented Neutron Early Source) facility has passed the preliminary design phase and the detailed design phase is very much advanced. Next step will be the preparation phase for the construction of the facility. The DONES facility aims at developing a database of fusion-like radiation effects on materials to be used in future fusion reactors up to damage levels expected in the EU DEMO. It will be based on an intense neutron source created by an accelerated deuteron beam (125 mA CW, 40 MeV) impinging on a liquid lithium curtain. The DONES Accelerator Systems (AS) will be responsible of delivering this 5 MW D+ beam with very high availability. The beam acceleration will be performed by several stages: an ion source and LEBT, an RFQ, a MEBT, an SRF Linac and a HEBT transporting and delivering an optimized profile down to the target. A high power RF system and several ancillaries will ensure the equipment is properly operated. This contribution will report the present status of the AS design, the main challenges faced, the R&D programme to overcome them, and the prospects for the construction and commissioning of the DONES accelerator in Granada (Spain). 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB211  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 17 June 2021       issue date ※ 27 August 2021  
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TUPAB395 Vacuum System Models for Minerva Linac Design vacuum, linac, cavity, MEBT 2443
 
  • S. Rey, M.A. Baylac, F. Bouly, E. Froidefond
    LPSC, Grenoble Cedex, France
  • F. Davin, D. Vandeplassche
    SCK•CEN, Mol, Belgium
  • L. Perrot, H. Saugnac
    Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
  
  The goal of the MYRRHA project is to demonstrate the technical feasibility of transmutation in a 100 MW Accelerator Driven System (ADS) by building a new flexible irradiation complex at Mol (Belgium). The MYRRHA facility requires a 600 MeV accelerator delivering a maximum proton current of 4 mA in continuous wave operation, with an additional requirement for exceptional reliability. Supported by SCK•CEN and the Belgian federal government the project has entered in its phase I: this includes the development and the construction of the linac first part, up to 100 MeV. We here review the MINERVA linac vacuum system modelling studies that enabled to validate the choice of materials and vacuum equipment. The strengths and weaknesses of the vacuum design, highlighted by the models, will be discussed as well as the required improvements.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB395  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 01 June 2021       issue date ※ 28 August 2021  
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WEXB05 Beam Commissioning SPIRAL2 linac, MEBT, proton, MMI 2540
 
  • A.K. Orduz, M. Di Giacomo, R. Ferdinand, B. Jacquot, O. Kamalou, J.-M. Lagniel, G. Normand, A. Savalle
    GANIL, Caen, France
  • D. Uriot
    CEA-IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
  
  The SPIRAL2 injector includes a 5 mA proton-deuteron ECR source, a 1 mA ECR heavy ion source (up to A/Q =3) and a CW 0.73 MeV/u RFQ. It has been successfully commissioned using a diagnostic-plate in parallel with the superconducting linac installation. The green light has been obtained for the LINAC commissioning in July of 2019, starting with the Medium Energy Beam Transport (MEBT) commissioning with protons then with helium in 2020. The MEBT line and tuning process are described. The main experimental results are given, including the emittance and profile measurements which are compared with TraceWin simulations. RFQ output energy variation has been found due to an input energy error, its correction optimizing the source platform voltage is presented.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEXB05  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 25 June 2021       issue date ※ 13 August 2021  
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WEPAB012 Preliminary Investigation into Accelerators for In-Situ Cultural Heritage Research proton, linac, radiation, detector 2605
 
  • T.K. Charles
    The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
  • A. Castilla
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  • A. Castilla
    Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
  
  Ion Beam Analysis (IBA) centres have provided researchers with powerful techniques to analyse objects of cultural significance in a non-destructive and non-invasive manner. However, in some cases it is not be feasible to remove an object from the field or museum and transport it to the laboratory. In this conference proceedings, we report the initial results of an investigation into the feasibility of a compact accelerator that can be taken to sites of cultural significance, for PIXE analysis. In particular, we consider the application of a compact, robust accelerator that is capable to producing 2 MeV protons that can be taken into the field to perform PIXE measurements on rock art. We detail the main challenges and considerations for such a device, as well as highlighting the potential benefits of this new accelerator application.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB012  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 25 June 2021       issue date ※ 10 August 2021  
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WEPAB176 Acceleration of He+ Beams for Injection Into NICA Booster During its First Run ion-source, booster, heavy-ion, injection 3016
 
  • K.A. Levterov, V.P. Akimov, D.S. Letkin, D.O. Leushin, V.V. Mialkovskiy
    JINR/VBLHEP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
  • A.M. Bazanov, A.V. Butenko, D.E. Donets, D. Egorov, A.R. Galimov, B.V. Golovenskiy, A. Govorov, V.V. Kobets, A.D. Kovalenko, D.A. Lyuosev, A.A. Martynov, V.A. Monchinsky, D.O. Ponkin, I.V. Shirikov, A.O. Sidorin, E. Syresin, G.V. Trubnikov, A. Tuzikov
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  • H. Höltermann, H. Podlech
    BEVATECH, Frankfurt, Germany
  • U. Ratzinger, A. Schempp
    IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
  
  Heavy Ion Linear Accelerator (HILAC) is designed to accelerate the heavy ions with ratio A/Z<=6.25 produced by ESIS ion source up to the 3.2 MeV for the injection into superconducting synchrotron (SC) Booster. HILAC was commissioned in 2018 using the carbon beams from Laser Ion Source (LIS). The project output energy was verified. Transmission could be estimated only for DTL structure because of the presence at the RFQ input the mixture of ions with different charge states extracted from laser-plasma. To estimate transmission through the whole linac the ion source producing the only species He+ was designed. The beams of He+ ions were used for the first run of SC Booster. The design of the helium ion source and results of the He+ beam acceleration and injection are described.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB176  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 11 June 2021       issue date ※ 22 August 2021  
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WEPAB195 Design and Optimization of a Low Frequency RF-Input Coupler for the IsoDAR RFQ coupling, simulation, cyclotron, multipactoring 3081
 
  • M.P. Sangroula, J.M. Conrad, D. Winklehner
    MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
  • M. Schuett
    BEVATECH, Frankfurt, Germany
  
  Funding: The RFQ-DIP project is supported by National Science Foundation grant \# PHY-1626069 and the Heising-Simons Foundation.
The Isotope Decay-At-Rest experiment (IsoDAR) is a proposed underground experiment which is expected to be a definitive search for sterile neutrinos. IsoDAR uses an especially designed low-frequency spilt-coaxial radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ) to accelerate H2+ ions directly from the ion source into the main cyclotron accelerator. This paper mainly focuses on the design and optimization of a low frequency (32.8 MHz) RF-input coupler for the IsoDAR RFQ. Starting with a basic design, we determine its appropriate position for this coupler in the RFQ. Finally, we optimized the design to lower the input power without compromising the coupling efficiency. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB195  
About • paper received ※ 21 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 30 June 2021       issue date ※ 29 August 2021  
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WEPAB202 Thermal Analysis of a Compact Split-Coaxial CW RFQ for the IsoDAR RFQ-DIP simulation, cyclotron, injection, target 3097
 
  • D. Koser, J.M. Conrad, D. Winklehner
    MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
  • H. Podlech, U. Ratzinger, M. Schuett
    BEVATECH, Frankfurt, Germany
  
  The RFQ direct injection project (RFQ-DIP) for the neutrino physics experiment IsoDAR aims at an efficient injection of a high-current H2+ beam into the dedicated 60 MeV driver cyclotron. Therefore, it is intended to use a compact 32.8 MHz RFQ structure of the split-coaxial type as a pre-buncher. To determine the thermal elongation of the 1.4 m long electrode rods as well as the thermal frequency detuning of the RF structure at a maximum nominal power load of 3.6 kW, an extensive thermal and structural mechanical analysis using COMSOL Multiphysics was conducted. The water heating along the cooling channels as well as the properties of heat transfer from the copper structure to the cooling water were taken into account, which required CFD simulations of the cooling water flow in the turbulent regime. Here we present the methods and results of the sophisticated thermal and structural mechanical simulations using COMSOL and provide a comparison to more simplistic simulations conducted with CST Studio Suite.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB202  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 01 July 2021       issue date ※ 14 August 2021  
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WEPAB203 RFQ Beam Dynamics Optimization Using Machine Learning simulation, focusing, network, quadrupole 3100
 
  • D. Koser, J.M. Conrad, L.H. Waites, D. Winklehner
    MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
  • A. Adelmann, M. Frey, S. Mayani
    PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
  
  To efficiently inject a high-current H2+ beam into the 60 MeV driver cyclotron for the proposed IsoDAR project in neutrino physics, a novel direct-injection scheme is planned to be implemented using a compact radio-frequency quadrupole (RFQ) as a pre-buncher, being partially inserted into the cyclotron yoke. To optimize the RFQ beam dynamics design, machine learning approaches were investigated for creating a surrogate model of the RFQ. The required sample datasets are generated by standard beam dynamics simulation tools like PARMTEQM and RFQGen or more sophisticated PIC simulations. By reducing the computational complexity of multi-objective optimization problems, surrogate models allow to perform sensitivity studies and an optimization of the crucial RFQ beam output parameters like transmission and emittances. The time to solution might be reduced by up to several orders of magnitude. Here we discuss different methods of surrogate model creation (polynomial chaos expansion and neural networks) and identify present limitations of surrogate model accuracy.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB203  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 01 July 2021       issue date ※ 30 August 2021  
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WEPAB258 Beam Dynamics Design of a 162.5 MHz Superconducting RFQ Accelerator emittance, cavity, accelerating-gradient, focusing 3248
 
  • Ying. Xia, H.P. Li, Y.R. Lu, Q.Y. Tan, Z. Wang
    PKU, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  • Y.R. Lu
    IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
  
  Superconducting(SC) RFQ has lower power consumption, larger aperture and higher accelerating gradient than room temperature RFQ. We plan to design a 162.5MHz SC RFQ to accelerate the 30 mA proton beams from 35 keV to 2.5 MeV, which will be used as a neutron source for BNCT and neutron imaging project. At an inter-vane voltage of 180kV, the beam dynamics design was carried out with acceptable peak surface electric field, high transmission efficiency, and relatively short cavity length.  
poster icon Poster WEPAB258 [1.251 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB258  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 06 July 2021       issue date ※ 14 August 2021  
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WEPAB411 Ion Coulomb Crystals in Storage Rings for Quantum Information Science storage-ring, operation, controls, laser 3667
 
  • K.A. Brown, G.J. Mahler, T. Roser, T.V. Shaftan, Z. Zhao
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
  • A. Aslam, S. Biedron, T.B. Bolin, C. Gonzalez-Zacarias, S.I. Sosa Guitron
    UNM-ECE, Albuquerque, USA
  • R. Chen, T.G. Robertazzi
    Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
  • B. Huang
    SBU, Stony Brook, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
We discuss the possible use of crystalline beams in storage rings for applications in quantum information science (QIS). Crystalline beams have been created in ion trap systems and proven to be useful as a computational basis for QIS applications. The same structures can be created in a storage ring, but the ions necessarily have a constant velocity and are rotating in a circular trap. The basic structures that are needed are ultracold crystalline beams, called ion Coulomb crystals (ICC’s). We will describe different applications of ICC’s for QIS, how QIS information is obtained and can be used for quantum computing, and some of the challenges that need to be resolved to realize practical QIS applications in storage rings. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB411  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 20 July 2021       issue date ※ 20 August 2021  
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THXA01 Beyond RMS: Understanding the Evolution of Beam Distributions in High Intensity Linacs simulation, quadrupole, MEBT, space-charge 3681
 
  • K.J. Ruisard, A.V. Aleksandrov, S.M. Cousineau, A.P. Shishlo, A.P. Zhukov
    ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  
  Funding: This work has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
Understanding the evolution of beams with space charge is crucial to design and operation of high intensity linacs. While the community holds a broad understanding of the mechanisms leading to emittance growth and halo formation, there is outstanding discrepancy between measurements and beam evolution models that precludes prediction of halo losses. This may be due in part to insufficient information of the initial beam distribution. This talk will describe work at the SNS Beam Test Facility to directly measure the 6D beam distribution. Full-and-direct 6D measurement has revealed hidden but physically significant dependence between the longitudinal distribution and transverse coordinates. This nonlinear correlation is driven by space charge and reproduced by self-consistent simulation of the RFQ. Omission of this interplane correlation, common when bunches are reconstructed from lower-dimensional measurements, degrades downstream predictions. This talk will also describe the novel diagnostics supporting this work. This includes ongoing improvements to efficiency of the 6D phase space measurement as well as recent achievement of six orders of dynamic range in 2D phase space. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THXA01  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 23 July 2021       issue date ※ 17 August 2021  
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THPAB167 Technical Design of an RFQ Injector for the IsoDAR Cyclotron cyclotron, cavity, simulation, coupling 4075
 
  • H. Höltermann, D. Koser, B. Koubek, H. Podlech, U. Ratzinger, M. Schuett, M. Syha
    BEVATECH, Frankfurt, Germany
  • J.M. Conrad, J. Smolsky, L.H. Waites, D. Winklehner
    MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
  
  For the IsoDAR (Isotope Decay-At-Rest) experiment, a high intensity (10 mA CW) primary proton beam is needed. To generate this beam, H2+ is accelerated in a cyclotron and stripped into protons after extraction. An RFQ, partially embedded in the cyclotron yoke, will be used to bunch and axially inject H2+ ions into the main accelerator. The strong RFQ bunching capabilities will be used to optimize the overall injection efficiency. To keep the setup compact the distance between the ion source and RFQ can be kept very short as well. In this paper, we describe the technical design of the RFQ. We focus on two critical aspects: 1. The use of a split-coaxial structure, necessitated by the low frequency of 32.8 MHz (matching the cyclotron RF) and the desired small tank diameter; 2. The high current, CW operation, requiring a good cooling concept for the RFQ tank and vanes.  
poster icon Poster THPAB167 [2.162 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB167  
About • paper received ※ 14 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 27 July 2021       issue date ※ 21 August 2021  
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THPAB181 AI-ML Developments for the ATLAS Ion Linac Facility operation, linac, experiment, simulation 4122
 
  • B.M. Mustapha, B.R. Blomberg, C. Dickerson, J.L. Martinez Marin, C.E. Peters
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
  
  Funding: This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. This research used the ATLAS facility, which is a DOE Office of Nuclear Physics User Facility.
ATLAS is a DOE/NP User Facility for the study of low-energy nuclear physics with heavy ions. It operates ~6000 hours per year. In addition to delivering any stable beam from proton to uranium, the facility also provides radioactive beams from the CARIBU source or via the in-flight radioactive ion separator, RAISOR. The facility uses 3 ion sources and services 6 target areas at energies from ~1-15 MeV/u. To accommodate the large number and variety of approved experiments, ATLAS reconfigures once or twice per week over 40 weeks of operation per year. The startup time varies from ~12-48 hours depending on the complexity of the tuning, which will increase with the upcoming Multi-User Upgrade to deliver beam to two experimental stations simultaneously. DOE/NP has recently approved a project to use AI/ML to support ATLAS operations. The project aim is to significantly reduce the accelerator tuning time and improve machine performance by developing and deploying artificial intelligence methods. These improvements will increase the scientific throughput of the facility and the quality of the data collected. Our recent developments and future plans will be presented and discussed. 		 
poster icon Poster THPAB181 [1.034 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB181  
About • paper received ※ 06 June 2021       paper accepted ※ 28 July 2021       issue date ※ 12 August 2021  
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THPAB185 Solution to Beam Transmission Decline in the CSNS Linac Operation Using Measurements and Simulations DTL, linac, emittance, operation 4134
 
  • J. Peng, M.T. Li, X.H. Lu, X.B. Luo
    IHEP CSNS, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
  • Y.W. An, S. Fu, L. Huang, M.Y. Huang, Y. Li, Z.P. Li, S. Wang, S.Y. Xu, Y. Yuan
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  
  The CSNS linac operation at its design average power currently. However, the beam transmission is declining and the beam loss is increasing during the operation. With simulations and experiments, we found there is a long longitudinal tail exist in the beam bunch output from the RFQ. And this tail caused the beam loss in the following linac. After inhibition of the longitudinal tail in the beam bunch, the beam transmission in operation can keep stable.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB185  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 01 July 2021       issue date ※ 02 September 2021  
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THPAB204 End-to-End RMS Envelope Model of the ISAC-I Linac ISAC, linac, simulation, DTL 4183
 
  • O. Shelbaya, R.A. Baartman, O.K. Kester
    TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada
  
  A full end-to-end simulation of the ISAC-I linear accelerator has been built in the first order envelope code TRANSOPTR. This enables the fast tracking of rms sizes and correlations for a 6-dimensional hyperellipsoidal beam distribution defined around a Frenet-Serret reference particle frame, for which the equations guiding envelope evolution are numerically solved through a model of the machine’s electromagnetic potentials. Further, the adopted formalism enables the direct integration of energy gain via time-dependent accelerating potentials, without resorting to transit-time factors.  
poster icon Poster THPAB204 [0.627 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB204  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 08 July 2021       issue date ※ 31 August 2021  
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THPAB205 On-Line Retuning of ISAC Linac Beam with Quadrupole Scan Tomography quadrupole, ISAC, MEBT, diagnostics 4187
 
  • O. Shelbaya, R.A. Baartman, P.M. Jung, O.K. Kester, S. Kiy, T. Planche, Y.-N. Rao, S.D. Rädel
    TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada
  
  The method of tomographic reconstruction has been in use at TRIUMF and elsewhere for several years, allowing for the beam diagnostic extraction of elements of the beam matrix on-line. One of the more recent applications of the technique at ISAC consists of using the measured density distribution as the input parameters for a real-time tune re-computation. This technique is advantageous since it does not require installation of dedicated emittance meters, but can instead be carried out with existing position monitors. Instead of requiring an operator to manually re-tune quadrupoles in a matching section, which can be time consuming, the technique allows for a fast and reproducible means to precisely control the beam and can be proceduralized for use by operators tuning the machine.  
poster icon Poster THPAB205 [0.468 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB205  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 08 July 2021       issue date ※ 10 August 2021  
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THPAB319 RF Power Generating System for the Linear Ion Accelerator DTL, controls, MEBT, power-supply 4417
 
  • V.G. Kuzmichev, T. Kulevoy, D.A. Liakin, D.N. Selesnev, A. Sitnikov
    ITEP, Moscow, Russia
  • M.L. Smetanin, A.V. Telnov, N.V. Zavyalov
    VNIIEF, Sarov, Russia
  
  An RF power supply system based on solid-state amplifiers has been developed for the linear accelerator of heavy ions. The report contains information on the characteristics and composition of the system, presents the LLRF structure for RFQ and DTL sections.  
poster icon Poster THPAB319 [0.275 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB319  
About • paper received ※ 16 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 16 August 2021       issue date ※ 19 August 2021  
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