Keyword: booster
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MOPAB020 Improvements to the SLS Booster Synchrotron Performance Towards SLS 2.0 emittance, sextupole, coupling, injection 103
 
  • J. Kallestrup, M. Aiba
    PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
 
  The Swiss Light Source (SLS) storage ring will undergo a major upgrade to a multi-bend achromat lattice. The existing injector complex will be reused with few modifications. However, the SLS booster synchrotron has not been studied since the initial commissioning in years 2000-2001. We plan to apply an emittance exchange in the booster to lower the horizontal emittance, which is a critial parameter for the injection. Here, we present improvements to the SLS booster as a preparation for SLS 2.0 upgrade project. The vertical beam size is decreased by 50\% by the use of vertical orbit correctors without beam position monitors, leading also to suppression of vertical dispersion and a factor 10 reduction of the transverse coupling coefficient. The emittance exchange reflected these improvements in the horizontal emittance, achieving a factor of 9-10 reduction. Lastly, a fast head-tail instability limiting the injection rate into the storage ring is discovered and subsequently suppressed by correcting the chromaticities.  
poster icon Poster MOPAB020 [0.380 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB020  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 01 June 2021       issue date ※ 30 August 2021  
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MOPAB021 A Dispersive Quadrupole Scan Technique for Transverse Beam Characterization quadrupole, SRF, emittance, optics 107
 
  • J. Kallestrup, M. Aiba
    PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
  • N. Carmignani, T.P. Perron
    ESRF, Grenoble, France
 
  Quadrupole scans are one of the standard techniques to characterize the transverse beam properties in transfer lines or linacs. However, in the presence of dispersion the usage of regular quadrupole scans will lead to erroneous estimates of the beam parameters. The standard solution to this problem is to measure the dispersion and then subtract it in the post-analysis of the quadrupole scan measurements assuming the design energy spread. Here we show that the dispersive contribution to the beam size can be included in the quadrupole scan procedure, forming a linear system of equations that can be solved to obtain both the betatronic and dispersive beam parameters. The method is tested at both the SLS and ESRF booster-to-ring transfer lines leading to reasonable estimates of the beam parameters.  
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DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB021  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 June 2021       issue date ※ 19 August 2021  
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MOPAB025 First Experiments with Accelerated Ion Beams in the Booster of NICA Accelerator Complex injection, power-supply, electron, heavy-ion 123
 
  • A.V. Butenko, V. Andreev, A.M. Bazanov, O.I. Brovko, D.E. Donets, A.V. Eliseev, I.V. Gorelyshev, A.V. Konstantinov, S.A. Kostromin, O.S. Kozlov, K.A. Levterov, A. Nesterov, A.V. Philippov, D.O. Ponkin, G.S. Sedykh, I.V. Shirikov, A.O. Sidorin, E. Syresin, A. Tuzikov, V. Volkov
    JINR/VBLHEP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
  • N.N. Agapov, A.V. Alfeev, A.A. Baldin, A.A. Fateev, A.R. Galimov, B.V. Golovenskiy, E.V. Gorbachev, A. Govorov, E.V. Ivanov, V. Karpinsky, V.D. Kekelidze, H.G. Khodzhibagiyan, A. Kirichenko, A.G. Kobets, S.A. Korovkin, V. Kosachev, A.D. Kovalenko, G. Kunchenko, I.N. Meshkov, V.A. Mikhailov, V.A. Monchinsky, D. Nikiforov, R.V. Pivin, S. Romanov, A.A. Shurygin, A.I. Sidorov, A.N. Svidetelev, G.V. Trubnikov, B. Vasilishin
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  • G.A. Fatkin
    Cosylab Siberia, Novosibirsk, Russia
 
  The NICA accelerator complex in JINR consist of two linear injector chains, a 578 MeV/u superconducting (SC) Booster synchrotron, the existing SC synchrotron Nuclotron, and a new SC collider that has two storage rings. The construction of the facility is based on the Nuclotron technology of SC magnets with an iron yoke and hollow SC cable. Assembly of the Booster synchrotron was finished in autumn of 2020 and first machine Run and experiments with ion beams were successfully done in December 2020. The results of this Run are discussed in this paper.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB025  
About • paper received ※ 16 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 07 September 2021       issue date ※ 15 August 2021  
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MOPAB045 Measurements and Simulations of High Charge Beam in the APS Booster injection, simulation, cavity, extraction 197
 
  • J.R. Calvey, J.C. Dooling, K.C. Harkay, K.P. Wootton, C. Yao
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
 
  For the APS-Upgrade, swap-out injection will require the booster to support up to 17 nC bunch charge, several times what is used in the present APS. Booster injection efficiency drops sharply at high charge, and is the present bottleneck limiting high charge transport through the injectors. Particle tracking simulations have been used to understand what causes are limiting the injection efficiency, and to guide plans for improving it. In particular, bunch length blowup in the injected beam and beam loading in the RF cavities have been identified as the biggest factors. Simulations and measurements have also been done to characterize beam properties along the booster energy ramp. So far, a bunch charge of 12 nC has been successfully extracted from the booster.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB045  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 26 July 2021       issue date ※ 16 August 2021  
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MOPAB046 Plan for Operating the APS-Upgrade Booster with a Frequency Sweep injection, extraction, cavity, emittance 201
 
  • J.R. Calvey, T.G. Berenc, A.R. Brill, L. Emery, T. Fors, K.C. Harkay, T.J. Madden, N. Sereno, U. Wienands
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
  • A. Gu
    UCB, Berkeley, California, USA
 
  The APS-Upgrade presents several challenging demands to the booster synchrotron. Swap-out injection requires the booster to capture a high charge bunch (up to 17 nC), accelerate it to 6 GeV, and maintain a low emittance at extraction for injection into the storage ring. To accommodate these conflicting demands, the RF frequency will be ramped between injection and extraction. However, the RF cavity tuners will remain static, which means the couplers will need to withstand a high reflected power at extraction. This paper presents a plan for a system that will meet the requirements for injection efficiency, extracted emittance, and equivalent power at the coupler. Results from tracking simulations and beam studies with a frequency ramp will also be shown.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB046  
About • paper received ※ 28 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 June 2021       issue date ※ 26 August 2021  
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MOPAB051 Operation of the ESRF Booster with the New EBS Storage Ring emittance, SRF, injection, operation 221
 
  • N. Carmignani, L.R. Carver, S.M. Liuzzo, T.P. Perron, S.M. White
    ESRF, Grenoble, France
 
  The Extremely Brilliant Source (EBS) has replaced the old ESRF Storage Ring (SR) during the 2019 one-year shutdown. The injector chain, composed of a Linac, a booster synchrotron, and two transfer lines, was not replaced. Nevertheless, some major hardware upgrades were anticipated prior to the long shutdown to ensure its long-term reliability. The shutdown interventions focused on reducing the machine circumference to cope with the new RF frequency of the SR. The status of the upgraded booster will be presented with a focus on the strategy used to lower horizontal emittance especially via emittance exchange.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB051  
About • paper received ※ 14 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 28 May 2021       issue date ※ 25 August 2021  
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MOPAB052 Study of Beam Transmission Efficiency in Injection and Ramping Process of the HEPS Booster lattice, injection, simulation, storage-ring 225
 
  • Y.M. Peng, Z. Duan, Y. Jiao, C. Meng
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
 
  A high-bunch-charge mode, with a bunch charge of approximately 14.4 nC at 200 mA, has been proposed for the storage ring of High Energy Photon Source (HEPS). In order to reduce the bunch charge requirement to the injector, high-energy accumulation in the HEPS booster is proposed to combine with the on-axis swap-out injection. This allows reducing the requirement of bunch charge accelerated in HEPS booster (500 MeV-6 GeV) from over 14.4 nC to about 5 nC. It is expected that the overall transmission efficiency during the low energy injection and ramping process of the booster should be higher than 80% to fulfill the requirement. In this paper, we present the simulation results of transmission efficiency and potential improvement measures.  
poster icon Poster MOPAB052 [0.362 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB052  
About • paper received ※ 13 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 26 May 2021       issue date ※ 15 August 2021  
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MOPAB053 Progress of Lattice Design and Physics Studies on the High Energy Photon Source lattice, storage-ring, injection, impedance 229
 
  • Y. Jiao, Y. Bai, X. Cui, C.C. Du, Z. Duan, Y.Y. Guo, P. He, X.Y. Huang, D. Ji, H.F. Ji, S.C. Jiang, B. Li, C. Li, J.Y. Li, N. Li, X.Y. Li, P.F. Liang, C. Meng, W.M. Pan, Y.M. Peng, Q. Qin, H. Qu, S.K. Tian, J. Wan, B. Wang, J.Q. Wang, N. Wang, Y. Wei, G. Xu, H.S. Xu, F. Yan, C.H. Yu, Y.L. Zhao
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  • X.H. Lu
    IHEP CSNS, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
 
  Funding: Work supported by High Energy Photon Source (HEPS), a major national science and technology infrastructure and NSFC (11922512)
The High Energy Photon Source (HEPS) is a 34-pm, 1360-m storage ring light source being built in the suburb of Beijing, China. The HEPS construction started in mid-2019. While the physics design has been basically determined, modifications on the HEPS accelerator physics design have been made since 2019, in order to deal with challenges emerging from the technical and engineering designs. In this paper, we will introduce the new storage ring lattice and injector design, and also present updated results of related physics issues, including impedance and collective effects, lattice calibration, insertion device effects, injection design studies, etc.
 
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DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB053  
About • paper received ※ 10 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 24 May 2021       issue date ※ 17 August 2021  
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MOPAB071 Progress with the Booster Design for the Diamond-II Upgrade injection, emittance, storage-ring, extraction 286
 
  • I.P.S. Martin, C. Christou, M.P. Cox, R.T. Fielder, J. Kallestrup, A. Shahveh, W. Tizzano
    DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
  • A.D. Brynes, J.K. Jones, B.D. Muratori, H.L. Owen
    STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
 
  Efficient injection into the Diamond-II storage ring [*, **] will require an emittance and bunch length substantially below the values produced from the existing booster. Whilst an earlier design for a replacement based on TME cells was able to meet the target values of <30 nm.rad and <40 ps respectively [***, ****], several technical constraints have led to a rethink of this solution. The revised booster lattice utilises a larger number of cells based on combined-function magnets with lower peak fields that still meets the emittance and bunch length goals. In addition, the new ring has been designed to have low impedance to maximise the extracted charge per shot. In this paper we describe the main features of the lattice, present the status of the engineering design and quantify the expected performance.
*Diamond-II Conceptual Design Report, Diamond Light Source
**H. Ghasem et al, these proceedings
***I. Martin, R. Bartolini, J.Phys.:Conf. Ser., 1067, 032005
****I. Martin et al, IPAC 2019, WEPMP042
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB071  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 31 May 2021       issue date ※ 02 September 2021  
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MOPAB082 Implementation of Using IGBT Switch Based Pulser for TPS Booster Extraction Kicker extraction, kicker, injection, operation 315
 
  • C.-S. Fann, H.-P. Chang, C.L. Chen, Y.-S. Cheng, K.T. Hsu, S.Y. Hsu, K.-K. Lin, K.L. Tsai, C.Y. Wu
    NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
 
  A pair of thyratron-switch-based pulse-forming-network (PFN) pulser has been operating successfully in the past 5 years for TPS booster extraction kickers. In order to improve the flattop of drive-current pulse and to extend possible electron bunch train adjusting knob required, an IGBT-switch-based pulser has been designed, fabricated, and installed onto the TPS booster for its characteristics verification. In this report, the overall technical considerations for the pulser upgrade is described and its beam commissioning results is given for illustration purpose.  
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DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB082  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 27 May 2021       issue date ※ 13 August 2021  
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MOPAB107 RF Plans for the Diamond-II Upgrade cavity, HOM, linac, gun 391
 
  • C. Christou, P. Gu, P.J. Marten, S.A. Pande, A.F. Rankin
    DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
 
  The RF system for the proposed Diamond-II upgrade will be based on normal-conducting EU HOM-damped cavities powered by high powered solid state amplifiers and controlled by digital low level RF systems built on the microTCA platform. Reasons for these design choices are discussed, and experience of the selected technologies in the Diamond-I ring are reviewed. The storage ring will also include a third harmonic cavity, and the different design options for this device are discussed. RF design of the booster ring is presented, and details are given of an upgraded linac and gun design intended to improve the charge delivered for top-up.  
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DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB107  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 20 May 2021       issue date ※ 12 August 2021  
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MOPAB113 A Low-emittance Booster Lattice Design for the SOLEIL Upgrade lattice, emittance, storage-ring, linear-dynamics 410
 
  • M.-A. Tordeux, A. Loulergue, R. Nagaoka
    SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
  • Z.H. Bai, G. Liu, T. Zhang
    USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
 
  The SOLEIL storage ring upgrade will require an injected beam with small transverse and longitudinal sizes. To meet this requirement, the present booster also needs to be upgraded, aiming to reduce the emittance below 10 nm·rad. A multi-bend achromat lattice is designed in this context for the booster upgrade, which consists of two superperiods to respect the present race-track configuration. The lattice is a 16BA HOA (Higher-Order Achromat) type lattice, composed of 14 unit cells, 2 matching cells and a long straight section, and combined-function bending magnets are used in the unit cells to both save space and reduce the emittance. The natural emittance of the designed booster is 5.2 nm·rad at the final energy of 2.75 GeV. This paper presents the general constraints, linear lattice design and nonlinear dynamics optimization for the booster upgrade.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB113  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 28 May 2021       issue date ※ 26 August 2021  
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MOPAB118 The Impact of Short-Range Wakes on Injection Into the ALS-U Accumulator Ring injection, wakefield, kicker, electron 429
 
  • G. Penn, M.P. Ehrlichman, T. Hellert, C. Steier, C. Sun, M. Venturini, D. Wang
    LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
 
  Funding: This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DEAC02-05CH11231.
As part of the ALS-U design, bunches with small charge will be added to the accumulator ring in a manner that initially leaves both the stored and injected bunches displaced from the nominal orbit. While the beam current is below instability thresholds, transient effects due to the combination of short-range wake fields and large initial displacements can have an impact on injection efficiency. In this paper, the impact of wake fields on the two bunches is detailed using the elegant simulation code, and different techniques to optimize the injection efficiency are explored.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB118  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 31 May 2021       issue date ※ 12 August 2021  
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MOPAB123 Radiation Safety Considerations For The APS Upgrade Injector radiation, neutron, survey, shielding 445
 
  • K.C. Harkay, J.R. Calvey, S. Chitra, G.I. Fystro, M.J. Henry, E.E. Heyeck, B.J. Micklich, K.P. Wootton
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
 
  Funding: Work supported by U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
The Advanced Photon Source Upgrade (APS-U) is a high-performance fourth-generation storage ring light source based on multibend achromat optics. As such, APS-U will require on-axis injection. The injectors will need to supply full-current bunch replacement in the ring; therefore, the injected bunch charge will be up to five times higher than what is typical for APS. A program was conducted to measure the radiation dose above the injector transport line to the APS storage ring for both normal operation conditions and controlled loss scenarios. Standard survey meters were used to record the dose. A review of the dose data identified opportunities to minimize the potential dose under normal APS-U high charge operation and fault conditions; these include improving the supplemental shielding and adding engineered controls. In addition, the dose data provide a benchmark for evaluating new radiation monitors for APS-U.
 
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DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB123  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 24 May 2021       issue date ※ 12 August 2021  
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MOPAB124 APS Booster Injection Horizontal Trajectory Control Upgrade injection, controls, timing, operation 449
 
  • C. Yao, J.R. Calvey, G.I. Fystro, A.F. Pietryla, H. Shang
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
 
  Funding: * Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, under Contract No. DE-ACO2-O6CH11357.
The APS booster is a 7-GeV electron synchrotron with a 0.5-second cycle. The booster runs a set of injection control programs that correct the beam trajectory in the horizontal and longitudinal planes, and the betatron tunes. Recently we developed a single-turn BPM controllaw program for horizontal trajectory control to replace the previous FFT based horizontal controllaw program. We present the system configuration and results.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB124  
About • paper received ※ 15 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 27 May 2021       issue date ※ 21 August 2021  
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MOPAB190 An 8 GeV Linac as the Booster Replacement in the Fermilab Power Upgrade linac, injection, cavity, cryomodule 643
 
  • D.V. Neuffer, S.A. Belomestnykh, M. Checchin, D.E. Johnson, S. Posen, E. Pozdeyev, V.S. Pronskikh, N. Solyak, V.P. Yakovlev
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
 
  Funding: This manuscript has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics.
Increasing the Main Injector (MI) beam power above ~1.2 MW requires replacement of the 8 GeV Booster by a higher intensity alternative. Previously, rapid-cycling synchrotron (RCS) and Linac solutions were considered for this purpose. In this paper, we consider the Linac version that produces 8 GeV H beam for injection into the Recycler Ring (RR) or Main Injector (MI). The Linac takes ~1 GeV beam from the PIP-II Linac and accelerates it to ~2 GeV in a cw SRF linac, followed by a ~2-8 GeV pulsed linac using 1300 MHz cryomodules. The linac components incorporate recent improvements in SRF technology. The linac configuration and beam dynamics requirements are presented. Injection options are discussed. Research needed to implement the Booster replacement is described.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB190  
About • paper received ※ 15 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 28 May 2021       issue date ※ 10 August 2021  
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MOPAB210 High-Gradient Booster for Enhanced Proton Radiography at LANSCE linac, cavity, proton, focusing 693
 
  • S.S. Kurennoy, Y.K. Batygin
    LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
 
  Increasing energy of proton beam at LANSCE from 800 MeV to 3 GeV improves radiography resolution ~10 times. We propose accomplishing this energy boost with a compact cost-effective linac based on cryo-cooled normal conducting high-gradient RF accelerating structures. High-gradient structures exceeding 100 MV/m have been developed for electron acceleration and operate with short RF pulse lengths below 1 us. Though such parameters are unusual for typical proton linacs, they fit perfectly for proton radiography (pRad) applications. The pRad limits contiguous trains of beam micro-pulses to less than 80 ns to prevent blur in images. For a compact pRad booster at LANSCE, we develop a staged design: a short section to capture and compress the 800-MeV proton beam followed by the main high-gradient linac. Our beam dynamics study addresses the beam magnetic focusing and minimizing its energy spread, which are challenging in high-gradient structures but very important for successful pRad operation.  
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DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB210  
About • paper received ※ 10 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 17 August 2021       issue date ※ 11 August 2021  
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MOPAB213 Characterization of Linear Optics and Beam Parameters for the APS Booster with Turn-by-Turn BPM Data betatron, synchrotron, optics, kicker 703
 
  • X. Huang, H. Shang, C. Yao
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
 
  We take turn-by-turn (TBT) BPM data on the energy ramp of the APS Booster, and analyze the data with the independent component analysis. The extraction kicker was used to excite the betatron motion. The linear optics of the machine is characterized with the TBT BPM data. We also analyze the decoherence pattern of the kicked beam, from which we are able to derive beam distribution parameters, such as the momentum spread.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB213  
About • paper received ※ 13 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 11 June 2021       issue date ※ 19 August 2021  
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MOPAB216 20-24 GeV FFA CEBAF Energy Upgrade linac, lattice, optics, emittance 715
 
  • S.A. Bogacz, J.F. Benesch, R.M. Bodenstein, B.R. Gamage, G.A. Krafft, V.S. Morozov, Y. Roblin
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  • J.S. Berg, S.J. Brooks, D. Trbojevic
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
  • D. Douglas
    Douglas Consulting, York, Virginia, USA
  • G.H. Hoffstaetter
    Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
 
  Funding: This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Nuclear Physics under contract DE-AC05-06OR23177
A proposal was formulated to increase the CEBAF energy from the present 12 GeV to 20-24 GeV by replacing the highest-energy arcs with Fixed Field Alternating Gradient (FFA) arcs. The new pair of arcs would provide six or seven new beam passes, going through this magnet array, allowing the energy to be nearly doubled using the existing CEBAF SRF cavity system. One of the immediate accelerator design tasks is to develop a proof-of-principle FFA arc magnet lattice that would support simultaneous transport of 6-7 passes with energies spanning a factor of two. We also examine the possibility of using combined function magnets to configure a cascade, six-way beam split switchyard. Finally, a novel multi-pass linac optics based on a weakly focusing lattice is being explored.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB216  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 June 2021       issue date ※ 29 August 2021  
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MOPAB224 Optimization and Error Studies for the USSR HMBA Lattice lattice, injection, SRF, dynamic-aperture 730
 
  • L. Hoummi, N. Carmignani, L.R. Carver, S.M. Liuzzo, T.P. Perron, S.M. White
    ESRF, Grenoble, France
  • I.A. Ashanin, S.M. Polozov
    MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
  • T. Kulevoy
    ITEP, Moscow, Russia
  • T. Kulevoy
    NRC, Moscow, Russia
 
  Several new accelerator facilities will be built in Russia in the next few years. One of those facilities is a 6 GeV storage ring (SR) light source, the Ultimate Source of Synchrotron Radiation (USSR) to be built in Protvino, near Moscow. The Cremlin+ project aims to incorporate in this activity the best experience of European Accelerator Laboratories. The optimization of such optics including realistic errors and a commissioning-like sequence of corrections, using Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithms (NSGA-II) is presented. Several corrections schemes are also tested.  
poster icon Poster MOPAB224 [1.164 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB224  
About • paper received ※ 12 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 01 June 2021       issue date ※ 13 August 2021  
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MOPAB347 High Power Coupler Conditioning for bERLinPro Energy Recovery Linac Injector cavity, vacuum, SRF, MMI 1080
 
  • A. Neumann, W. Anders, F. Göbel, A. Heugel, S. Klauke, J. Knobloch, M. Schuster, Y. Tamashevich
    HZB, Berlin, Germany
 
  Funding: The work is funded by the Helmholtz-Association, BMBF, the state of Berlin and HZB.
Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin is currently finalizing the construction of the demonstrator Energy Recovery Linac bERLinPro *. The first part, which will be commissioned, will be the injector consisting of a superconducting RF (SRF) photo-injector (Gun) and a Booster module made up of three two cell SRF cavities. For the latter the 2.3 MeV beam from the gun needs to be accelerated to 6.5 MeV, whereas one Booster cavity will be operated in zero-crossing mode for bunch-shortening. Thus, for the final stage with a 100 mA beam, the twin power couplers of the Booster cavity need to deliver up to 120 kW in travelling continous wave (CW) mode at 1.3 GHz each. To achieve that, a dedicated coupler conditioning setup was installed and commissioned. Here, we will present the first conditioning results with the bERLinPro Booster fundamental power couplers in pulsed and CW regime.
* M. Abo-Bakr et al., in Proc. 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf. (IPAC’18), Vancouver, BC, Canada, Apr. 4,, pp. 4127-4130, doi:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2018-THPMF034
 
poster icon Poster MOPAB347 [3.256 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB347  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 08 June 2021       issue date ※ 14 August 2021  
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MOPAB350 RF Buncher Cavity for Polarized He-3 Beam at BNL cavity, simulation, alignment, insertion 1090
 
  • T. Kanesue, S.M. Trabocchi
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
  • A. Murata
    TIT, Tokyo, Japan
 
  Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
A 100.625 MHz quarter wave resonator type rf buncher cavity was fabricated for polarized He-3 spin rotator beam line at BNL. This cavity will be installed in the existing EBIS-To-Booster beam line to provide effective voltage of more than 40 kV for 2 MeV/u 3He2+ beam. This cavity has a large drift tube inner diameter of 80 mm and small gap length of 5 mm. The buncher consists of 3 sections, which are a cavity main body including drift tube, stem, and inner wall, a lid with a power coupler, and a lid with an inductive tuner. The main body was machined from a bulk copper only by CNC machining. The result of low power test agreed well with rf simulation without any alignment. The difference between measured and calculated resonant frequency was <0.1 %, and measured Q value was 92 % of that in simulation. The cavity rf design and test results will be shown.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB350  
About • paper received ※ 26 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 28 May 2021       issue date ※ 12 August 2021  
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MOPAB357 The New Design of the RF System for the SPS-II Light Source cavity, storage-ring, impedance, linac 1110
 
  • N. Juntong, T. Chanwattana, S. Chunjarean, S. Krainara, T. Phimsen, T. Pulampong
    SLRI, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
  • K. Manasatitpong
    Synchrotron Light Research Institute (SLRI), Muang District, Thailand
 
  The new light source facility in Thailand, SPS-II, is a ring-based 3 GeV light source with a circumference of approximately 330 m. The target stored beam current is 300 mA with an emittance of below 1.0 nm rad. The injector has been changed from a full energy linac to a booster injector with 150 MeV linac. The main RF frequency has been reconsidered to a low-frequency range at 119 MHz. Low frequency is chosen with the benefit of low RF voltage for a high RF acceptance together with experience with the present ring RF system of 118 MHz. Details of RF frequency consideration will be discussed. The requirements and details of the RF systems in the booster ring and the storage ring will be presented.  
poster icon Poster MOPAB357 [1.696 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB357  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 08 June 2021       issue date ※ 14 August 2021  
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MOPAB366 Improving Magnetic Materials for RCS Cavity Tuners cavity, solenoid, simulation, synchrotron 1139
 
  • R.L. Madrak, N.M. Curfman, G.V. Romanov, C.-Y. Tan, I. Terechkine
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  • G. Das, A.K. Samanta
    Ceramic Magnetics, Inc., National Magnetics Group, Inc., Bethlehem, USA
 
  Funding: United States Department of Energy, Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359
Within the Lab Directed R&D Program at Fermilab, and in partnership with National Magnetics, we have recently begun to study and attempt to improve the loss parameter in garnet material. This could be used for fast tuner applications such as in rapid cycling synchrotrons.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB366  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 25 May 2021       issue date ※ 15 August 2021  
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MOPAB380 Status and Progress of the RF System for High Energy Photon Source cavity, photon, storage-ring, low-level-rf 1165
 
  • P. Zhang, J. Dai, Z.W. Deng, L. Guo, T.M. Huang, D.B. Li, J. Li, Z.Q. Li, H.Y. Lin, Y.L. Luo, Q. Ma, F. Meng, Z.H. Mi, Q.Y. Wang, X.Y. Zhang, F.C. Zhao, H.J. Zheng
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
 
  Funding: This work was supported in part by High Energy Photon Source, a major national science and technology infrastructure in China and in part by the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
High Energy Photon Source (HEPS) is a 6 GeV diffraction-limited synchrotron light source currently under construction in Beijing. It adopts a double-frequency RF system with 166.6 MHz as fundamental and 499.8 MHz as third harmonic. The fundamental cavity is making use of a superconducting quarter-wave β=1 structure and the third harmonic is of superconducting elliptical single-cell geometry for the storage ring, while normal-conducting 5-cell cavities are chosen for the booster ring. A total of 900 kW RF power shall be delivered to the beam by the 166.6 MHz cavities and the third harmonic cavities are active. All cavities are driven by solid-state power amplifiers and the RF fields are regulated by digital low-level RF control systems. The cavity and ancillaries, high-power RF system and low-level RF control system are in the prototyping phase. This paper presents the current status and progress of the RF system for HEPS.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB380  
About • paper received ※ 09 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 09 June 2021       issue date ※ 24 August 2021  
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TUPAB023 Design Considerations of a High Intensity Booster for PETRA IV lattice, injection, emittance, extraction 1386
 
  • H.C. Chao, I.V. Agapov, S.A. Antipov
    DESY, Hamburg, Germany
 
  A 6 GeV booster lattice with a high intensity capacity for the PETRA IV project is presented. Firstly the requirements and constraints are articulated. Due to the geometric constraints the ring will be installed in racks mounted on ceilings. Then following some design strategies of reaching high intensity limit, a lattice is designed and presented. The topics covering the linear optics, nonlinear dynamics, orbit correction, orbit bump, and some instability studies are investigated.  
poster icon Poster TUPAB023 [0.975 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB023  
About • paper received ※ 11 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 11 June 2021       issue date ※ 12 August 2021  
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TUPAB024 Lattice Options Comparison for a DLSR Injector lattice, emittance, injection, synchrotron 1390
 
  • H.C. Chao, I.V. Agapov, S.A. Antipov
    DESY, Hamburg, Germany
 
  DESY IV, as a part of the injector chain, must have lower emittance for PETRA IV injection. Depending on the scenarios of the injector, two lattice options for DESY IV are presented. They are designed for different purposes. The first option comes with a high momentum compaction factor with acceptable emittance. It is designed to be a full intensity booster. The other option is with low emittance dedicated to be an accumulator at high energies. The general beam dynamics properties are simulated and discussed. Their strengths and weaknesses are compared.  
poster icon Poster TUPAB024 [0.751 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB024  
About • paper received ※ 11 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 09 June 2021       issue date ※ 31 August 2021  
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TUPAB050 A Long Booster Option for the USSR 6 GeV Storage Ring storage-ring, lattice, injection, optics 1470
 
  • S.M. Liuzzo, N. Carmignani, L.R. Carver, L. Hoummi, T.P. Perron, R. Versteegen, S.M. White
    ESRF, Grenoble, France
  • I.A. Ashanin, S.M. Polozov
    MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
  • I.A. Ashanin, T. Kulevoy, S.M. Polozov
    NRC, Moscow, Russia
  • T. Kulevoy
    ITEP, Moscow, Russia
 
  Funding: European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant #871072 Russian federation resolution no. 287
The design of the optics of a full length 6 GeV booster for the USSR (Ultimate Source of Synchrotron Radiation) are presented. This option already followed with success by other laboratories, would allow to obtain a small emittance injected beam thus enabling smooth top-up operation. Details of the design inspired by the ESRF DBA lattice and the possible operating modes are described. The transfer lines booster to storage ring are also addressed in this paper.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB050  
About • paper received ※ 12 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 11 June 2021       issue date ※ 24 August 2021  
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TUPAB134 Linac-to-Booster Optimization Procedure Towards High Transmission for the Alba Injector linac, quadrupole, alignment, operation 1703
 
  • R. Muñoz Horta, D. Lanaia, E. Marín, F. Pérez
    ALBA-CELLS Synchrotron, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
 
  ALBA is a third generation synchrotron light source that consists of 3 accelerators (Linac, Booster and Storage ring) and two transfer lines, Linac-to-Booster (LTB) and Booster-to-Storage (BTS). The ALBA accelerators team has defined a robust procedure that optimizes the beam performance from Linac to Booster in terms of transmission and stability. The implemented beam-based alignment and global orbit correction techniques have been investigated first in simulations and afterwards successfully implemented in the machine.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB134  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 26 May 2021       issue date ※ 16 August 2021  
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TUPAB327 Developing Robust Digital Twins and Reinforcement Learning for Accelerator Control Systems at the Fermilab Booster controls, network, power-supply, FPGA 2268
 
  • D.L. Kafkes
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  • M. Schram
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
 
  Funding: This research was sponsored by the Fermilab Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program under Project ID FNAL-LDRD-2019-027: Accelerator Control with Artificial Intelligence.
We describe the offline machine learning (ML) development for an effort to precisely regulate the Gradient Magnet Power Supply (GMPS) at the Fermilab Booster accelerator complex via a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). As part of this effort, we created a digital twin of the Booster-GMPS control system by training a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) to capture its full dynamics. We outline the path we took to carefully validate our digital twin before deploying it as a reinforcement learning (RL) environment. Additionally, we demonstrate the use of a Deep Q-Network (DQN) policy model with the capability to regulate the GMPS against realistic time-varying perturbations.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB327  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 22 June 2021       issue date ※ 20 August 2021  
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TUPAB346 Development of a 500-MHz 150-kW Solid-State Power Amplifier for High Energy Photon Source GUI, cavity, controls, photon 2312
 
  • Y.L. Luo, T.M. Huang, J. Li, H.Y. Lin, Q. Ma, Q.Y. Wang, P. Zhang, F.C. Zhao
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
 
  A 500-MHz 150-kW solid-state power amplifier (SSA) has been developed to test the 500-MHz normal conducting cavities for High Energy Photon Source (HEPS) booster ring. It will also be used to power normal conducting cavities in the initial beam commissioning stage of the HEPS storage ring. A total number of 96 amplifier modules are combined initially by coaxial and later by waveguide combiners to deliver the 150-kW RF power. The final output is of EIA standard WR1800 rectangular waveguide. Each amplifier module consists four transistors equipped with individual circulator and load and outputs 2-kW RF power. Modularity, redundancy and satisfactory RF performance are demonstrated. In the final stage of HEPS project, this 150-kW amplifier will be modified to a 100-kW amplifier to join the other five 100-kW SSAs for normal operation of the booster cavities. The development and test results are presented in this paper.  
poster icon Poster TUPAB346 [1.870 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB346  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 21 June 2021       issue date ※ 15 August 2021  
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TUPAB370 Development of Long Coil Dynamic Magnetic Field Measurement System for Dipole Magnets of HEPS Booster dipole, interface, storage-ring, injection 2384
 
  • Y.Q. Liu, C.D. Deng, W. Kang, L. Li, S. Li, X. Wu, Y.W. Wu, J.X. Zhou
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  • C.D. Deng, Y.W. Wu
    DNSC, Dongguan, People’s Republic of China
 
  A magnetic field measurement system for dipole magnets of High Energy Photon Source Booster is designed and developed. The system uses the long coil upflow method to measure the dynamic integral field of the magnet, and the long coil transverse-translation method to measure the integral field distribution error of the magnet. In this paper, the design and implementation of the magnetic measuring system are introduced in detail, and the magnetic field measurement results of the prototype magnet are shown. The measurement results show that the repeatability of the dynamic integral field measurement system is about 2 in 10,000, and the repeatability of the uniform distribution of the integral field is better than 1 in 10,000, which meets the test requirements of the discrete integral field of bulk magnets ±1 parts per thousand and the uniformity of the integral field ±5×10-4@6GeV and ±1×10-3 @0.5GeV.  
poster icon Poster TUPAB370 [1.475 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB370  
About • paper received ※ 16 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 16 June 2021       issue date ※ 17 August 2021  
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WEXB08 Beam Losses and Emittance Growth Studies at the Record High Space-Charge in the Booster emittance, space-charge, proton, operation 2552
 
  • V.D. Shiltsev, J.S. Eldred, V.A. Lebedev, K. Seiya
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
 
  Comprehensive studies of high intensity proton beams in the 0.4-8 GeV FNAL Booster synchrotron have revealed interesting nonlinear dynamics of the beam losses and emittance growth at the record high dQSC=0.6. We report the results of the studies and directions of further improvements to prepare the Booster to the era of even higher intensity operation with new 0.8 GeV PIP-II linac.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEXB08  
About • paper received ※ 24 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 July 2021       issue date ※ 17 August 2021  
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WEPAB018 Space-Charge Effects in Ionization Beam Profile Monitors proton, space-charge, electron, synchrotron 2628
 
  • V.D. Shiltsev
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
 
  Ionization profile monitors (IPMs) are widely used in accelerators for non-destructive and fast diagnostics of high energy particle beams. At high beam intensities, the space-charge forces make the measured IPM profiles significantly different from those of the beams. We analyze dynamics of the secondaries in IPMs and develop an effective algorithm to reconstruct the beam sizes from the measured IPM profiles. Efficiency of the developed theory is illustrated in application to the Fermilab 8 GeV proton Booster IPMs.  
poster icon Poster WEPAB018 [0.731 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB018  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 24 June 2021       issue date ※ 20 August 2021  
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WEPAB089 Conceptual Design of Booster Synchrotron for Siam Photon Source II synchrotron, lattice, dipole, focusing 2795
 
  • S. Krainara, S. Klinkhieo, P. Klysubun, T. Pulampong, P. Sudmuang
    SLRI, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
 
  Funding: Synchrotron Light Research Institute (Public organization)
A project on a 3.0 GeV Siam Photon Source II (SPS-II) has been started. The storage ring of SPS-II was designed to obtain an electron beam with a low-emittance below 1 nm-rad. The SPS-II injector mainly consists of a 150 MeV linac and a full-energy booster synchrotron. The booster synchrotron will be installed in the same tunnel as the storage ring, with a total circumference of 304.829 meters. The proposed lattice of the booster contains 40 modified FODO cells with combined function magnets. This lattice achieves a small beam emittance less than 10 nm-rad at 3 GeV, which can provide a high injection efficiency for top-up operation. The conceptual design for SPS-II booster synchrotron is presented in this work.
 
poster icon Poster WEPAB089 [1.187 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB089  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 08 June 2021       issue date ※ 24 August 2021  
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WEPAB120 Upgrades to the Booster to Storage Ring Transfer Line at the Canadian Light Source septum, storage-ring, injection, extraction 2881
 
  • W.A. Wurtz, T. Batten, B.E. Bewer, M. Bree, S.R. Carriere, A.M. Duffy, B. Fogal, L.X. Lin, C.M. Randall, B.A. Schneider, J.M. Vogt, J. Willard, T. Wilson
    CLS, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
  • P. Kuske
    HZB, Berlin, Germany
 
  Investigations into the booster to storage ring transfer process identified non-linear fields in the booster extraction septum as the cause for the poor transfer efficiency. We found that by correcting the trajectory through the septum, the transfer efficiency improved substantially. This motivated an upgrade project to reliably control the trajectory through the septum and transfer line, to provide improved diagnostics and to implement a set of four horizontal scrapers to reduce the horizontal emittance of the beam before it reaches the storage ring.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB120  
About • paper received ※ 10 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 24 June 2021       issue date ※ 23 August 2021  
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WEPAB124 The Three Dipole Kicker Injection Scheme for the ALS-U Accumulator Ring injection, kicker, septum, storage-ring 2896
 
  • M.P. Ehrlichman, T. Hellert, S.C. Leemann, G. Penn, C. Steier, C. Sun, M. Venturini, D. Wang
    LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
 
  The ALS-U light source will implement on-axis swap-out injection of individual trains employing an accumulator between the booster and storage rings. The accumulator ring design is a twelve period triple-bend achromat that will be installed along the inner circumference of the storage-ring tunnel. A non-conventional injection scheme will be utilized for top-off off-axis injection from the booster into the accumulator ring meant to accommodate a relatively narrow vacuum-chamber aperture while maximizing injection efficiency. The scheme incorporates three dipole kickers distributed over three sectors, with two kickers perturbing the stored beam and the third affecting both the stored and the injected beam trajectories. This paper describes this ‘‘3DK’’ injection scheme, how it was chosen, designed and optimized, and how we evaluated its fitness as a solution for booster-to-accumulator ring injection against alternate injection schemes.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB124  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 01 July 2021       issue date ※ 13 August 2021  
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WEPAB176 Acceleration of He+ Beams for Injection Into NICA Booster During its First Run ion-source, rfq, heavy-ion, injection 3016
 
  • K.A. Levterov, V.P. Akimov, D.S. Letkin, D.O. Leushin, V.V. Mialkovskiy
    JINR/VBLHEP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
  • A.M. Bazanov, A.V. Butenko, D.E. Donets, D. Egorov, A.R. Galimov, B.V. Golovenskiy, A. Govorov, V.V. Kobets, A.D. Kovalenko, D.A. Lyuosev, A.A. Martynov, V.A. Monchinsky, D.O. Ponkin, I.V. Shirikov, A.O. Sidorin, E. Syresin, G.V. Trubnikov, A. Tuzikov
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  • H. Höltermann, H. Podlech
    BEVATECH, Frankfurt, Germany
  • U. Ratzinger, A. Schempp
    IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
 
  Heavy Ion Linear Accelerator (HILAC) is designed to accelerate the heavy ions with ratio A/Z<=6.25 produced by ESIS ion source up to the 3.2 MeV for the injection into superconducting synchrotron (SC) Booster. HILAC was commissioned in 2018 using the carbon beams from Laser Ion Source (LIS). The project output energy was verified. Transmission could be estimated only for DTL structure because of the presence at the RFQ input the mixture of ions with different charge states extracted from laser-plasma. To estimate transmission through the whole linac the ion source producing the only species He+ was designed. The beams of He+ ions were used for the first run of SC Booster. The design of the helium ion source and results of the He+ beam acceleration and injection are described.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB176  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 11 June 2021       issue date ※ 22 August 2021  
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WEPAB211 Lattice Design of the Beam Transfer Line (BTL) from PIP-II LINAC to the Booster at Fermilab dipole, lattice, septum, power-supply 3120
 
  • M. Xiao
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
 
  PIP-II beam transfer line (BTL) to transport the beam from PIP-II Linac to the Booster ring at Fermilab. The latest design eliminates rolling the dipoles in the beam line to cross over the Tevatron tunnel. Also re-designed is the lattice in the region of the Booster Injection to meet the request of the civil construction needs and accommodate the constrains of the Booster injection request. A beam line to the beam absorber (BAL) is designed based on the request from the results of Mars simulations and ANASYS calculation of the absorber. Simulations with dipole and quadrupole field errors for the Beam Transport Line (BTL) to the Booster, which provides the specifications for all the magnets and Power supplies, will be presented too.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB211  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 08 July 2021       issue date ※ 31 August 2021  
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WEPAB216 6D Simulations of PIP-II Booster Injection injection, scattering, controls, closed-orbit 3138
 
  • J.-F. Ostiguy, D.E. Johnson
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
 
  Funding: This manuscript has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics.
The PIP-II superconducting linac will deliver 2 mA average H- beam current at 800 MeV to the existing Booster synchrotron over a period of 0.55 ms (285 turns). As a result, the injected beam power will quadruple to 17 kW. Safe operation at the increased beam power implies careful attention to the origin, magnitude, and distribution of both controlled and uncontrolled losses. Uncontrolled losses are due to neutral ions in excited states stripped in downstream magnets and large angle scattered protons from parasitic foil hits. The relative magnitudes of these loss mechanisms is used to determine the optimal foil thickness. A transverse painting scheme involving closed orbit motion will be used to mitigate space charge effects and minimize parasitic foil hits. Using a detailed full 6D simulation of the injection process, we compute large angle scattering losses and compare results to back of the envelope estimates. We investigate possible impact of space charge on the emittance and beam distribution both during and at the conclusion of the injection period.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB216  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 24 June 2021       issue date ※ 10 August 2021  
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WEPAB221 H0 Stark Stripping and Component Irradiation in Fermilab Booster site, proton, radiation, kicker 3142
 
  • J.A. Johnstone, D.E. Johnson
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
 
  Funding: Work supported by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under contract no. DE-AC02-07CH11359
In foil stripping of H some fraction of the emerging neutral H0 will be in excited states, which can then strip through the Stark effect in the magnetic field of the downstream orbit bump magnet. The resultant H+ will experience a depleted net kick compared to protons emerging from the foil and will track on trajectories different from the nominal circulating beam. This will lead to irradiation of downstream machine components. An analysis of these processes is of particular importance looking forward to the much higher beam power of the Fermilab PIP-II era. This study investigates where these errant protons will be lost, how much power is deposited, and whether this will be a shielding concern.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB221  
About • paper received ※ 11 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 09 June 2021       issue date ※ 20 August 2021  
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WEPAB274 Numerical Study of Beam Dynamics in PITZ Bunch Compressor simulation, laser, FEL, gun 3285
 
  • A. Lueangaramwong, Z. Aboulbanine, G.D. Adhikari, N. Aftab, P. Boonpornprasert, N. Chaisueb, G.Z. Georgiev, J. Good, M. Groß, C. Koschitzki, M. Krasilnikov, X. Li, O. Lishilin, D. Melkumyan, H.J. Qian, G. Shu, F. Stephan, G. Vashchenko, T. Weilbach
    DESY Zeuthen, Zeuthen, Germany
  • H. Shaker
    CLS, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
 
  A magnetic bunch compressor has been recently designed for an accelerator-based THz source which is under development at the Photo Injector Test facility at DESY in Zeuthen (PITZ). The THz source is assumed to be a prototype for an accelerator-based THz source for pump-probe experiments at the European XFEL. As an electron bunch is compressed to achieve higher bunch currents for the THz source, we investigate the beam dynamics in the bunch compressor by numerical simulations. A start-to-end simulation optimizer has been developed by combining the use of ASTRA, IMPACT-T, and OCELOT to support the design of the THz source prototype. Coherent synchrotron radiation effects degrade the compression performance for our study cases with bunch charges up to 4 nC and beam energy of 17 MeV at a bending angle of 19 degrees. Simulation and preliminary beam characteristic results will be presented in this paper.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB274  
About • paper received ※ 11 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 06 July 2021       issue date ※ 23 August 2021  
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WEPAB284 Interlock System Upgrades at the CERN Accelerator Complex During Long Shutdown 2 injection, linac, extraction, operation 3316
 
  • J.A. Uythoven, A. Antoine, C. Martin, A. Mirana Fontan, R. Mompo, I. Romera, R. Secondo
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
 
  The CERN accelerator complex stopped operation at the end of 2018 for the Long Shutdown 2 (LS2), allowing for the LHC Injector Upgrade program (LIU) and consolidation work to be accomplished. A gradual restart of the different accelerators is ongoing in 2021, culminating with the LHC foreseen to be back in operation early 2022. During LS2 a very large range of systems was modified throughout the accelerator complex. This includes the so-called Machine Interlock systems, which are at the heart of the overall machine protection system. This paper gives an overview of the Machine Interlock systems changes during LS2. It includes the installation of a Beam Interlock System (BIS) at the new linear accelerator LINAC4, at the PS-Booster and the installation of a new Injection BIS for the SPS synchrotron. New Safe Machine Parameter flags to protect the SPS transfer line mobile beam dumps against high intensity beams were put in place. The new Warm Magnet Controller (WIC) installations at LINAC4 the PS Booster and the different transfer lines and experimental areas are presented together with the modifications to the Power Interlock Controller protecting the LHC superconducting magnets.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB284  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 July 2021       issue date ※ 17 August 2021  
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WEPAB333 Installation and Commissioning of the Sirius Vacuum System vacuum, storage-ring, MMI, target 3455
 
  • R.M. Seraphim, R.O. Ferraz, H.G. Filho, G.R. Gomes, P.H. Lima, R.F. Oliveira, B.M. Ramos, T.M. Rocha, D.R. Silva, M.B. Silva
    LNLS, Campinas, Brazil
 
  The installation of the Sirius accelerators was completed in 2019. The vacuum installation of the booster took place in October 2018. The booster vacuum chambers were baked-out ex-situ and the vacuum pumps, gauges and valves were assembled prior to the installation in the tunnel. The vacuum installation of the storage ring took place from May to August 2019. The vacuum system of the storage ring is based on fully NEG-coated chambers and each sector was baked-out in-situ for NEG activation. The average static pressure in the booster is in the range of low 10-9 mbar. In the storage ring, 95% of the pressures are in 10-11 mbar range and 5% are in 10-10 mbar range. The first beam was stored in the storage ring in December 2019. The vacuum system has been performing well, and an effective beam cleaning effect has been observed for the NEG-coated chambers. At a beam dose of 70 A-h, the storage ring already achieved the design normalized average dynamic pressure of 3x10 12 mbar/mA. A summary of the installation and the commissioning status of the vacuum system will be presented.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB333  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 14 June 2021       issue date ※ 22 August 2021  
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WEPAB402 Status and Progress of the High-Power RF System for High Energy Photon Source cavity, photon, GUI, storage-ring 3653
 
  • T.M. Huang, J. Li, H.Y. Lin, Y.L. Luo, Q. Ma, W.M. Pan, P. Zhang, F.C. Zhao
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
 
  Funding: Work was supported in part by High Energy Photon Source, a major national science and technology infrastructure in China, and in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12075263).
High Energy Photon Source is a 6-GeV diffraction-limited synchrotron light source currently under construction in Beijing. Three types of high-power RF systems are used to drive the booster and the storage ring. For the booster ring, a total of 600-kW continuous-wave (CW) RF power is generated by six 500-MHz solid-state power amplifiers (SSA) and fed into six normal-conducting copper cavities. Concerning the storage ring, five CW 260-kW SSAs at 166 MHz and two CW 260-kW SSAs at 500-MHz are used to drive five fundamental and two third-harmonic superconducting cavities respectively. The RF power distributions are realized by 9-3/16" rigid coaxial line for the 166-MHz system and EIA standard WR1800 waveguide for the 500-MHz one. High-power circulators and loads are installed at the outputs of all SSAs to further protect the power transmitters from damages due to reflected power although each amplifier module is equipped with individual isolators. The overall system layout and the progress of the main components are presented in this paper.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB402  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 July 2021       issue date ※ 14 August 2021  
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THPAB026 Final Booster Complex Design for the Jefferson Lab Electron Ion Collider collider, electron, solenoid, dipole 3805
 
  • E.A. Nissen
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
 
  Funding: Notice: Authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177. The U.S. retains a license to publish or reproduce this manuscript for U.S. Government purposes.
In this work we show the final iteration of the design for the booster complex of the Jefferson Lab EIC, which would have brought the ions from an energy (proton) of 150 MeV up to 12.1 GeV. This complex would have consisted of two figure-8 rings. The Low Energy Booster (LEB) which would have accelerated its protons from 150 MeV to 8 GeV, and has had its lattice tweaked to increase the effectiveness of chromaticity cancellations. The High Energy Booster (HEB) would have brought the 8 GeV protons up to 12.1 GeV. The HEB would in the tunnel that was designed for the collider rings, sitting on top of them. It has had a bypass around the interaction region added, as well as a cooling solenoid installed.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB026  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 22 June 2021       issue date ※ 31 August 2021  
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THPAB081 High-Power Prototype Canon Coupler for APS-U Booster Cavities cavity, GUI, coupling, injection 3956
 
  • G.J. Waldschmidt, D.J. Bromberek, D. Horan, G. Trento, U. Wienands
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
  • T. Harada, H. Oikawa, H. Takahashi
    CETD, Tochigi, Japan
 
  The Advanced Photon Source Upgrade (APS-U) plans to achieve a beam capture efficiency above 90% at 17 nC bunch charge into the Booster. Due to large beam loading at injection, the 352-MHz Booster cavities will be significantly detuned necessitating effective-power handling much greater than the 100kW effective power rating of the present coupler. Canon Electron Tubes & Devices Co., Ltd. (CETD) has designed and built a compact coupler for the APS-U Booster using a high-power ceramic disk window design in addition to accommodating significant space restrictions and additional diagnostics and cooling requirements. The coupler design was modified from an existing 500MHz, 800kW coupler that has been in routine operation at KEKB. The APS-U coupler has been installed and tested in the high-power 352-MHz test stand at the APS. The details of the design and testing of the prototype coupler will be reported in this paper.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB081  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 28 July 2021       issue date ※ 15 August 2021  
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THPAB106 Optimization of a High Bunch Charge ERL Injection Merger for PERLE emittance, linac, space-charge, cavity 3983
 
  • B. Hounsell, M. Klein, C.P. Welsch
    The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
  • S.A. Bogacz
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  • C. Bruni, B. Hounsell, W. Kaabi
    Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
  • B. Hounsell, B.L. Militsyn, C.P. Welsch
    Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  • B.L. Militsyn
    STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
 
  Delivery of high charge electron bunches into the main loop of an ERL (energy recovery linac) while preserving the emittance is challenging. This is because at the typical injection momentum, space charge forces still have a significant effect on the beam dynamics. In this work we consider the design of the merger for PERLE, an ERL test facility to be based at IJCLab in France. Previous simulations have shown that the baseline DC gun based injector can achieve the required emittance at the booster linac exit. The quality of the 500 pC bunches must then be preserved with space charge through the merger at total beam energy of 7 MeV keeping the emittance below 6 mm mrad. The beam dynamics in the merger were simulated using the code OPAL and optimised using a genetic algorithm. Three possible merger schemes were investigated. The goal of the optimisation was to minimise the emittance growth while also achieving the required Twiss parameters to match onto the spreader at the main linac exit. A three dipole solution is then examined in more detail.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB106  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 16 July 2021       issue date ※ 12 August 2021  
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THPAB158 BEAM COLLIMATION IN THE PIP-II LINAC TO BOOSTER TRANSFER LINE injection, collimation, linac, proton 4068
 
  • D.E. Johnson, V.V. Kapin, J.-F. Ostiguy, V.I. Sidorov, M. Xiao
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  • D.G. Georgobiani
    FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
 
  Funding: This manuscript has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics.
The new PIP-II superconducting linac will deliver a 2 mA average H- beam to the existing Booster synchrotron. The injected beam is accumulated by charge exchange over approximately 300 turns; phase space painting is used to mitigate space charge effects. To limit the power load on the internal waste beam absorber from the transverse tails of the H distribution missing the foil, the beam will be collimated in both planes in the linac to Booster transfer line using compact collimators of a novel design. Both the number of parasitic hits and the fraction of the beam missing the foil are sensitive functions of the H beam centroid position with respect to the edge of the foil. The positioning of the collimation is constrained by the availability of suitable space in the transfer line lattice, by specifics of the collimator design, by the phase space orientation at the collimator, and by the betatron phase advance to the foil needed to achieve proper orientation of the spatial distribution at the injection point. In this contribution, we describe the procedure by which collimator positions were optimized. We then discuss the expected performance of the overall system.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB158  
About • paper received ※ 04 June 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 July 2021       issue date ※ 26 August 2021  
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THPAB310 Automatic Correction System for the TLS Booster Linac Klystron Modulator klystron, electron, acceleration, linac 4396
 
  • S.J. Huang, Y.K. Lin
    NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
 
  The aim of this article is to analyse the performance output of the klystron modulator, which is based on the observation of the output voltage and current performance of the linear-accelerator klystron modulator; we modify the operating-point parameters based on those results or assess whether the klystron needs to be replaced. For this purpose, we collect the observation data of the klystron performance; we then develop a program to adjust automatically the high-voltage setting of the klystron to ensure that the storage current maintains beam current 360 mA in the top-up mode operation.  
poster icon Poster THPAB310 [0.785 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB310  
About • paper received ※ 16 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 July 2021       issue date ※ 13 August 2021  
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THPAB324 PIP-II 800 MeV Proton Linac Beam Pattern Generator injection, linac, MEBT, kicker 4426
 
  • H. Maniar, B.E. Chase
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  • J.E. Dusatko
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  • S. Khole
    BARC, Trombay, Mumbai, India
  • D. Sharma
    RRCAT, Indore (M.P.), India
 
  The PIP2 IT Beam Pattern Generator is the system that synchronizes beam injection and the RF systems between the PIP2 LINAC to the Booster. The RF frequencies of these two accelerator systems are not harmonically related. Synchronization is accomplished by controlling two MEBT Beam Choppers, which select 162.5MHz beam bunches from the LEBT and RFQ to produce an appropriate reduced beam bunch pattern that enables bucket-to-bucket transfer to the Booster RF at 46.46MHz (84th harmonic). This chopping pattern also reduces the beam current to an average of 2mA over the Booster injection, matching the Linac nominal beam current. The BPG also generates the RF frequency/phase reference which the Booster will phase lock to during injection. The BPG is fully programmable, allowing for arbitrary beam patterns with adjustable timing parameters, having a fine adjustment resolution of 38ps. The latter is accomplished using digital signal processing techniques. This paper discusses the design of the BPG, its construction, test results, and operational experience after being integrated into the PIP2 IT test accelerator and concludes with a discussion of the system’s performance and future plans.  
poster icon Poster THPAB324 [0.676 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB324  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 01 July 2021       issue date ※ 13 August 2021  
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