Keyword: detector
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MOPAB015 Feasibility of Polarized Deuteron Beam in the EIC resonance, polarization, solenoid, proton 87
 
  • H. Huang, F. Méot, V. Ptitsyn, V.H. Ranjbar, T. Roser
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
 
  Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
The physics program in the EIC calls for polarized neutron beam at high energies. The best neutron carriers are 3He nuclei and deuterons. Both neutron carries are expected to be used by spin physics program in the EIC. Due to the small magnetic moment anomaly of deuteron particles, much higher magnetic fields are required for spin rotation, so full Siberian snake is not feasible. However, the resonance strength is in general weak and the number of resonances is also small. It is possible to deal with individual resonances with conventional methods, such as betatron tune jump for intrinsic depolarizing resonances; and a weak partial snakes for imperfection resonances. The study shows that accelerating polarized deuteron beyond 100GeV/n is possible in the EIC.
 
poster icon Poster MOPAB015 [0.977 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB015  
About • paper received ※ 16 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 28 May 2021       issue date ※ 13 August 2021  
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MOPAB018 SASE Gain-Curve Measurements with MCP-Based Detectors at the European XFEL FEL, photon, undulator, radiation 96
 
  • E. Syresin, O.I. Brovko, A.Yu. Grebentsov
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  • W. Freund, J. Grünert, J. Liu, Th. Maltezopoulos, D. Mamchyk
    EuXFEL, Schenefeld, Germany
  • M.V. Yurkov
    DESY, Hamburg, Germany
 
  Radiation detectors based on microchannel plates (MCP) are used for characterization of the Free-Electron Laser (FEL) radiation and measurements of the Self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE) gain curve at the European XFEL. Photon pulse energies are measured by the MCPs with an anode and by a photodiode. There is one MCP-based detector unit installed in each of the three photon beamlines downstream of the SASE1, SASE2, and SASE3 undulators. MCP detectors operate in a wide dynamic range of pulse energies, from the level of spontaneous emission up to FEL saturation. Their wavelength operation range overlaps with the whole range of radiation wavelengths of SASE1 and SASE2 (from 0.05 nm to 0.4 nm), and SASE3 (from 0.4 nm to 5 nm). In this paper we present results of SASE gain-curve measurements by the MCP-based detectors.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB018  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 17 August 2021       issue date ※ 23 August 2021  
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MOPAB044 Gas Bremsstrahlung Measurements in the Advanced Photon Source Storage Ring photon, radiation, operation, injection 193
 
  • J.C. Dooling, A.R. Brill, J.R. Calvey
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
 
  Funding: Work supported by the U.S. D.O.E.,Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under contract number DE-AC02- 06CH11357.
In the Advanced Photon Source Upgrade storage ring (SR), small-aperture vacuum chambers provide limited conductance for pumping. Non-evaporable getter (NEG) coatings will be used in the SR to support the vacuum. Ion pumps and cold-cathode gauges are typically located away from the vacuum chamber transporting the beam. Measuring gas bremsstrahlung (GB) photons in low-conductance chambers provides a method to determine the pressure at the beam location. We report on GB measurements made in the ID-25 beamline. A Pb:Glass calorimeter radiator generates Cherenkov radiation when high-energy photons cause pair-production within the glass. A photomultiplier tube converts the light pulses to electrical signals. Data was obtained during normal machine operations starting in January 2020. Data collection was facilitated using a 4-channel ITech Beam Loss Monitor FPGA that allows for control of thresholds and attenuation settings in both counting and pulse-height acquisition modes. Count rates and spectra were recorded for the three primary fill patterns typically used during SR operations as well as during gas injection experiments; results of these measurements will be presented.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB044  
About • paper received ※ 22 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 28 May 2021       issue date ※ 25 August 2021  
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MOPAB077 Anomaly Detection in Accelerator Facilities Using Machine Learning power-supply, operation, GUI, experiment 304
 
  • A. Das
    Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
  • M. Borland, L. Emery, X. Huang, H. Shang, G. Shen
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
  • D.F. Ratner
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  • R.M. Smith, G.M. Wang
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
 
  Synchrotron light sources are user facilities and usually run about 5000 hours per year to support many beamlines operations in parallel. Reliability is a key parameter to evaluate machine performance. Even many facilities have achieved >95% beam reliability, there are still many hours of unscheduled downtime and every hour lost is a waste of operation costs along with a big impact on individual scheduled user experiments. Preventive maintenance on subsystems and quick recovery from machine trips are the basic strategies to achieve high reliability, which heavily depends on experts’ dedication. Recently, SLAC, APS, and NSLS-II collaborated to develop machine-learning-based approaches aiming to solve both situations, hardware failure prediction and machine failure diagnosis to find the root sources. In this paper, we report our facility operation status, development progress, and plans.  
poster icon Poster MOPAB077 [1.240 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB077  
About • paper received ※ 16 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 14 June 2021       issue date ※ 01 September 2021  
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MOPAB121 Progress Towards Soft X-Ray Beam Position Monitor Development undulator, radiation, laser, synchrotron 438
 
  • B. Podobedov, C. Eng, S. Hulbert, C. Mazzoli
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
  • D. Donetski, K. Kucharczyk, J. Liu, R. Lutchman
    Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
 
  Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
X-ray beam position monitors (BPMs) are instrumental for storage ring light sources, where they reliably provide positional measurements of high-power beams in hard X-ray beamlines. However, despite a growing need, coming especially from coherent soft X-ray beamlines, non-invasive soft X-ray BPMs have not been demonstrated yet. We are presently working on a funded R&D proposal to develop a non-invasive soft X-ray BPM with micron-scale resolution for high-power white beams. In our approach, multi-pixel GaAs detector arrays are placed into the beam halo and beam position is inferred from the pixel photocurrent levels. Presently, the first detector array prototypes have been manufactured and are being prepared for low-power beam tests. The mechanical design of a BPM test-stand, which will be installed in the 23-ID canted soft X-ray undulator beamline at NSLS-II, is well under way. In addition, we are developing new algorithms of beam position calculation which take full advantage of extended multi-pixel detector arrays. In this paper we will review our design choices and discuss recent progress.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB121  
About • paper received ※ 03 June 2021       paper accepted ※ 13 July 2021       issue date ※ 28 August 2021  
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MOPAB140 Gas Sheet Ionization Diagnostic for High Intensity Electron Beams diagnostics, electron, operation, vacuum 489
 
  • N.P. Norvell, G. Andonian, T.J. Campese, A.-L.M.S. Lamure, M. Ruelas, A.Yu. Smirnov
    RadiaBeam, Santa Monica, California, USA
  • N.M. Cook
    RadiaSoft LLC, Boulder, Colorado, USA
  • J.K. Penney
    UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
  • C.P. Welsch
    The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
 
  Funding: Work supported by DOE grant DE-SC0019717
The characterization of high intensity charged particle beams in a minimally interceptive, and non-destructive manner is performed using an ionization diagnostic. In this application, a neutral gas is tailored into a thin sheet, or curtain-like, distribution at the interaction point with an electron beam. The electron beam ionizes the neutral gas in localized space, leaving a footprint of the beam transverse distribution. The ion cloud is subseqeuntly imaged with a series of electrostatic lenses to a detector plane. The resultant image is used in a reconstruction algorithm to reconstruct the beam profile at the interaction point. In this paper, we present progress on the development of this diagnostic for the characterization of high charge, 10GeV electron beams with small transverse distributions.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB140  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 10 June 2021       issue date ※ 01 September 2021  
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MOPAB287 The Development of Single Pulse High Dynamic Range BPM Signal Detector Design at AWA electron, pick-up, experiment, electronics 909
 
  • E.M. Siebert, S. Baturin
    Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, USA
  • D.S. Doran, G. Ha, W. Liu, P. Piot, J.G. Power, J.H. Shao, C. Whiteford, E.E. Wisniewski
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
 
  Funding: the US Department of Energy, Office of Science
Single pulse high dynamic range BPM signal detector has been on the most wanted list of Argonne Wakefield Accelerator (AWA) Test Facility for many years. Unique capabilities of AWA beamline require BPM instrumentation with an unprecedented dynamic range, thus cost effective solution could be challenging to design and prototype. Our most recent design, and the results of our quest for a solution, are shared in this paper.
 
poster icon Poster MOPAB287 [1.372 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB287  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 23 June 2021       issue date ※ 13 August 2021  
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MOPAB294 Implementing Electro-Optical Diagnostics for Measuring the CSR Far-Field at KARA laser, radiation, synchrotron, storage-ring 931
 
  • C. Widmann, E. Bründermann, M. Caselle, S. Funkner, A.-S. Müller, M.J. Nasse, G. Niehues, M.M. Patil, C. Sax, J.L. Steinmann, M. Weber
    KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
  • C. Mai
    DELTA, Dortmund, Germany
 
  Funding: This work was supported by BMBF ErUM-Pro project 05K19 STARTRAC, C.W. was funded under contract No. 05K19VDK, C.M. under contract No. 05K19PEC, S.F. under contract No. 05K16VKA.
For measuring the temporal profile of the coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR) at the KIT storage ring KARA (Karlsruhe Research Accelerator) an experimental setup based on electro-optical spectral decoding (EOSD) is currently being implemented. The EOSD technique allows single-shot, phase-sensitive measurements of the far-field radiation on a turn-by-turn basis at rates in the MHz range. Therefore, the resulting THz radiation from the dynamics of the bunch evolution, e.g. the microbunching, can be observed with high temporal resolution. This far-field setup is part of the distributed sensor network at KARA. Additionally to the information acquired from the near-field EOSD spectral decoding and the horizontal bunch profile monitor, it enables to monitor the longitudinal phase-space of the bunch. In this contribution, the characterization of the far-field setup is summarized and its implementation is discussed.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB294  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 07 June 2021       issue date ※ 18 August 2021  
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MOPAB300 Description of the Beam Diagnostics Systems for the SOCIT, SODIT and SODIB Applied Research Stations Based on the NICA Accelerator Complex controls, diagnostics, experiment, radiation 946
 
  • A. Slivin, A. Agapov, A.A. Baldin, A.V. Butenko, G.A. Filatov, K.N. Shipulin, E. Syresin, G.N. Timoshenko, A. Tuzikov
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  • D.V. Bobrovskiy, A.I. Chumakov, S. Soloviev
    MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
  • I.L. Glebov, V.A. Luzanov
    GIRO-PROM, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  • A.S. Kubankin
    BelSU, Belgorod, Russia
  • T. Kulevoy, Y.E. Titarenko
    ITEP, Moscow, Russia
 
  Within the framework of the NICA project an Innovation Block is being constructed. It includes an applied research station for microchips with a package for Single Event Effects (SEE) testing (energy range of 150-500 MeV/n, the SODIT station), an applied research station for testing of decapsulated microchips (ion energy up to 3,2 MeV/n, the SOCIT station), and an applied research station for space radiobiological research and modelling of influence of heavy charged particles on cognitive functions of the brain of small laboratory animals and primates (energy range 500-1000 MeV/n, the SODIB station). The systems for diagnostics and control of the beam characteristics during the certification and adjustment as well as the systems for online diagnostics and control of the beam characteristics of the SOCIT, SODIT and SODIB applied research stations are described.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB300  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 27 May 2021       issue date ※ 23 August 2021  
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MOPAB301 A Concept for Reconstruction of the Capsulated Microchip Structure Using Its Interaction with High-Energy Ion Beams of the NICA Accelerator Complex radiation, simulation, electron, electronics 949
 
  • A. Slivin, A.V. Butenko, G.A. Filatov, E. Syresin, A. Tuzikov, A. Zhemchugov
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
 
  Within the framework of the NICA project an applied research station for irradiation by long-range ions (SODIT) is being constructed for testing radiation hardness of semiconductor micro- and nanoelectronics products in the energy range of 150-350 MeV/n. Calculations for the interaction of high-energy gold ions with the microchip and strip detector structures are performed using the GEANT4 simulation toolkit. A concept was developed for reconstruction of the capsulated microchip structure in terms of depth and in terms of cross-section using interaction with high-energy ions at the technical station for irradiation by long-range ions. The possibility of localizing the radiation-vulnerable area of the microchip is evaluated.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB301  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 20 May 2021       issue date ※ 17 August 2021  
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MOPAB303 Design of the X-Ray Beam Size Monitor for the Advanced Photon Source Upgrade emittance, electron, photon, storage-ring 956
 
  • K.P. Wootton, F.K. Anthony, K. Belcher, J.S. Budz, J. Carwardine, W.X. Cheng, S. Chitra, G. Decker, S.J. Izzo, S.H. Lee, J. Lenner, Z. Liu, P. McNamara, H.V. Nguyen, F.S. Rafael, C. Roehrig, J. Runchey, N. Sereno, G. Shen, J.B. Stevens, B.X. Yang
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
 
  Funding: This research used resources of the Advanced Photon Source, operated for the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
A beam size monitor provides an intuitive display of the status of the beam profile and motion in an accelerator. In the present work, we outline the design of the X-ray electron beam size monitor for the Advanced Photon Source Upgrade. Components and anticipated performance characteristics of the beam size monitor are outlined.
 
poster icon Poster MOPAB303 [0.577 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB303  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 June 2021       issue date ※ 24 August 2021  
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MOPAB313 Argonaut - A Robotic System for Cryogenic Environments diagnostics, operation, cryogenics, electron 966
 
  • W. Pellico, N.M. Curfman, M. Wong-Squires
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
 
  Funding: Department of Energy
Fermilab and the HEP community invest significant resources into liquid argon detectors. The largest and most expensive of these detectors will be located in the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE). However, recent experiences have shown that there are limited avenues of monitoring, intervention, and interaction in the internal liquid environment. This proposal shows a technological path that could provide a valuable tool to ensure or at least improve the management of these HEP detectors. The development of a robotic system named Argonaut will demonstrate several technologies including 1) demonstration of suitable mobility of a small robotic device at liquid argon temperatures, 2) demonstration of wireless communication, 3) demonstration of improved diagnostics capabilities - such as tunable optics with motion control, 4) demonstration of interconnectivity of a robotic system with hardware residing within the detector. This initial research will be a seed for extended development in cold robotics and associated technologies. This work will allow FNAL to contribute a significant technology capability to recent efforts to cryogenic detector operations.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB313  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 21 May 2021       issue date ※ 25 August 2021  
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MOPAB323 Commissioning of the LCLS-II Prototype HOM Detectors with Tesla-Type Cavities at Fast cavity, HOM, electron, cryomodule 996
 
  • J.P. Sikora, J.A. Diaz Cruz, B.T. Jacobson
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  • J.A. Diaz Cruz
    UNM-ECE, Albuquerque, USA
  • D.R. Edstrom, A.H. Lumpkin, P.S. Prieto, J. Ruan, R.M. Thurman-Keup
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
 
  Funding: *Work supported by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy. **Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, contract DE-AC02-76SF00515.
Experiments at the Fermilab Accelerator Science and Technology* (FAST) facility detected electron beam-induced high order mode (HOM) signals from Tesla superconducting cavities. This paper describes some of the signal detection hardware used in this experiment, as well as measurements of the HOM signal magnitude versus beam trajectory. These measurements were made both with a single bunch and with a train of 50 bunches at bunch charges from 400 pC/b down to 10 pC/b. The detection hardware is designed for use with the Tesla superconducting cavities of LCLS-II at SLAC** and is based on a prototype already in use at Fermilab. The HOM signal passes through a bandpass filter that is centered on several cavity dipole modes and a zero bias Schottky diode detects its magnitude. Direct comparisons were made between the FNAL chassis and the SLAC prototype for identical beam steering conditions. To support measurements with bunch charges as low as 10 pC, the SLAC detector has RF amplification between the bandpass filter and the diode detector. With this hardware, usable HOM signal measurements are obtained with a single bunch of 10 pC in cryomodule cavities as will be needed for LCLS-II.
 
poster icon Poster MOPAB323 [2.076 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB323  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 07 June 2021       issue date ※ 14 August 2021  
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MOPAB349 New Accelerator Beam Centerline (ABC) Production Line at Varex Imaging Corporation linac, gun, betatron, GUI 1087
 
  • A.V. Mishin
    Varex Imaging, Salt Lake City, USA
 
  In January 2017, a Salt Lake City Component Division of Varian Medical (Varian)*, producer of X-ray tubes, detectors, and imaging panels has been spun off, giving birth to a new public company Varex Imaging Corporation (Varex)**, which also includes the Security and Inspection Products (SIP) linac producer in Las Vegas. Based on Varian asset acquisition of two small LLCs*** in May 2016, 8 months prior to the transition, a new business branch within Varex has been established, which included distribution of the betatrons and detector arrays as well as pilot production line for Accelerator Beam Centerlines (ABC). In 3 years, we moved ABC production from Fremont, CA to Salt Lake in Utah and improved it; several ABCs have been designed, produced, and qualified. A number of new products in energy range of 1-20 MeV are under development, based on the new ABCs used as components for SIP linear accelerator systems and ABCs sold to third parties for applications other than Security and NDT. The new products will brag broad energy and dose rate regulation, smooth and reliable operation, providing extended benefits to our customers.
* - https://www.varian.com/
** - https://www.vareximaging.com/
*** - both Thought One LLC and Radmedex LLC have been dissolved in 2018 upon completion of the transition process
 
poster icon Poster MOPAB349 [2.182 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB349  
About • paper received ※ 13 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 27 May 2021       issue date ※ 21 August 2021  
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MOPAB418 Tracking and LET Measurements with the MiniPIX-TimePIX Detector for 60 MeV Clinical Protons radiation, proton, instrumentation, experiment 1260
 
  • J.S.L. Yap, C.P. Welsch
    Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  • N.J.S. Bal
    NIKHEF, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
  • M.D. Brooke
    University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
  • C. Granja, C. Oancea
    ADVACAM s.r.o, Prague, Czech Republic
  • A. Kacperek
    The Douglas Cyclotron, The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Wirral, United Kingdom
  • C.P. Welsch, J.S.L. Yap
    The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
 
  Funding: EU FP7 grant agreement 215080, H2020 Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No 675265, OMA - Optimization of Medical Accelerators and the Cockcroft Institute core grant STGA00076-01.
Recent advancements in accelerator technology have led the rapid emergence of particle therapy facilities worldwide, affirming the need for enhanced characterisation methods of radiation fields and radiobiological effects. The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre, UK operates a 60 MeV proton beam to treat ocular cancers and facilitates studies into proton induced radiobiological responses. Accordingly, an indicator of radiation quality is the linear energy transfer (LET), a challenging physical quantity to measure. The MiniPIX-Timepix is a miniaturised, hybrid semiconductor pixel detector with a Timepix ASIC, enabling wide-range measurements of the deposited energy, position and direction of individual charged particles. High resolution spectrometric tracking and simultaneous energy measurements of single particles enable the beam profile, time, spatial dose mapping and LET (0.1 to >100 keV/µm) to be resolved. Measurements were performed to determine the LET spectra in silicon, at different positions along the Bragg Peak (BP). We discuss the experimental setup, preliminary results and applicability of the MiniPIX for clinical environments.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB418  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 23 July 2021       issue date ※ 25 August 2021  
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TUXC06 Visualizing Lattice Dynamic Behavior by Acquiring a Single Time-Resolved MeV electron, lattice, laser, experiment 1311
 
  • X. Yang, T.V. Shaftan, V.V. Smaluk, J. Tao, L. Wu, Y. Zhu
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
  • W. Wan
    ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
 
  We explore the possibility of visualizing the lattice dynamic behavior by acquiring a single time-resolved MeV UED image. Conventionally, multiple UED shots with varying time delays are needed to map out the entire dynamic process. The measurement precision is limited by the timing jitter between the pulses of laser pump and UED probe. We show that, by converting the longitudinal time of an electron bunch to the transverse position of a Bragg peak on the detector, one can obtain the full lattice dynamic process in a single electron pulse. We propose a novel design of a time-resolved UED with the capability of capturing a wide range of dynamic features in a single diffraction image. The work presented here is not only an extension of the ultrashort-pulse pump/long-pulse probe scheme being used in transient spectroscopy studies for decades but also advances the capabilities of MeV UED for future applications with tunable electron probe profile and detecting time range with femtosecond resolution. Furthermore, we present numerical simulations illustrating the capability of acquiring a single time-resolved diffraction image based on the case-by-case studies of lattice dynamic behavior.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUXC06  
About • paper received ※ 14 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 28 July 2021       issue date ※ 31 August 2021  
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TUPAB013 A CLIC Dual Beam Delivery System for Two Interaction Regions solenoid, luminosity, collider, linear-collider 1364
 
  • V. Cilento, R. Tomás García
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • A. Faus-Golfe
    Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
 
  The Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) could provide e+e collisions in two detectors simultaneously possibly at a repetition frequency twice the design value. In this paper, a novel dual Beam Delivery System (BDS) design is presented including optics designs and the evaluation of luminosity performance with synchrotron radiation (SR) and solenoid effects for both energy stages of CLIC, 380 GeV and 3 TeV. In order to develop the novel optics design, parameters such as the longitudinal and the transverse detector separations were optimized. The luminosity performance of the novel CLIC scheme was evaluated by comparing the different BDS designs for both energy stages of CLIC. The dual CLIC BDS design provides a good luminosity and proves to be a viable candidate for future linear collider projects.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB013  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 09 June 2021       issue date ※ 31 August 2021  
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TUPAB040 Design Concept for the Second Interaction Region for Electron-Ion Collider electron, proton, dipole, optics 1435
 
  • B.R. Gamage, V. Burkert, R. Ent, Y. Furletova, D.W. Higinbotham, A. Hutton, F. Lin, T.J. Michalski, V.S. Morozov, R. Rajput-Ghoshal, D. Romanov, T. Satogata, A. Seryi, A.V. Sy, C. Weiss, M. Wiseman, W. Wittmer, Y. Zhang
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  • E.C. Aschenauer, J.S. Berg, A. Jentsch, A. Kiselev, C. Montag, R.B. Palmer, B. Parker, V. Ptitsyn, F.J. Willeke, H. Witte
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
  • C. Hyde
    ODU, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
  • P. Nadel-Turonski
    SBU, Stony Brook, New York, USA
 
  Funding: Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177 and Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
The possibility of two interaction regions (IRs) is a design requirement for Electron-Ion Collider (EIC). There is also a significant interest from the nuclear physics community to have a 2nd IR with measurement capabilities complementary to those of the 1st IR. While the 2nd IR will be in operation over the entire energy range of ~20GeV to ~140GeV center of mass (CM). The 2nd IR can also provide an acceptance coverage complementary to that of the 1st. In this paper, we present a brief overview and the current progress of the 2nd IR design in terms of the parameters, magnet layout, and beam dynamics.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB040  
About • paper received ※ 24 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 31 August 2021       issue date ※ 30 August 2021  
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TUPAB041 Detector Solenoid Compensation for the Electron-Ion Collider solenoid, coupling, electron, cavity 1439
 
  • B.R. Gamage, T.J. Michalski, V.S. Morozov, R. Rajput-Ghoshal, A. Seryi, W. Wittmer, Y. Zhang
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  • E. Gianfelice-Wendt
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  • A. Kiselev, H. Lovelace III, B. Parker, S. Peggs, S. Tepikian, F.J. Willeke, H. Witte, Q. Wu
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
 
  Funding: Jefferson Science Associates, LLC Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177, Fermi Research Alliance, LLC Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359, and Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC Contract No. DE-SC0012704
The central detector in the present EIC design includes a 4 m long solenoid with an integrated strength of up to 12 Tm. The electron beam passes on-axis through the solenoid, but the hadron beam has an angle of 25 mrad. Thus the solenoid couples horizontal and vertical betatron motion in both electron and hadron storage rings, and causes a vertical closed orbit excursion in the hadron ring. The solenoid also couples the transverse and longitudinal motions of both beams, when crab cavities are also considered. In this paper, we present schemes for closed orbit correction and coupling compensation at the IP, including crabbing.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB041  
About • paper received ※ 28 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 31 August 2021       issue date ※ 12 August 2021  
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TUPAB109 Characterization of the X-Ray Angular Pointing Jitter in the LCLS Hard X-ray Undulator Line undulator, FEL, electron, cavity 1640
 
  • R.A. Margraf, Z. Huang, J.P. MacArthur, G. Marcus, T. Sato, D. Zhu
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  • Z. Huang
    Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
 
  Funding: This work was supported by the Department of Energy, Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, under contract DE-AC02-76SF00515.
The angular pointing jitter of X-ray pulses produced by an X-ray Free-Electron Laser (XFEL) depends on both intrinsic properties of the SASE (Self-amplified spontaneous emission) process and jitters in beamline variables such as electron orbit. This jitter is of interest to the Cavity-Based XFEL (CBXFEL)* project at SLAC, which will lase seven undulators inside an X-ray cavity of four diamond Bragg mirrors. The CBXFEL cavity has a narrow angular bandwidth, thus large angular jitters cause X-rays to leak out of the cavity and degrade cavity efficiency. To understand contributors to angular pointing jitter, we studied the pointing jitter of the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) Hard X-ray Undulator line (HXU). Monochromatic and pink X-rays were characterized at the X-ray Pump Probe (XPP) instrument. We found pulses with high monochromatized pulse energy and small electron beam orbit in the undulator have the lowest angular pointing jitter. We present here our measurement results, discuss why these factors correlate with pointing stability, and propose a strategy for CBXFEL to reduce angular pointing jitter and account for angular pointing jitter in cavity efficiency measurements.
*Gabriel Marcus et al. "CBXFEL Physics Requirements Document for the Optical cavity Based X-Ray Free Electron Lasers Research and Development Project." SLAC-I-120-103-121-00. Apr 2020.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB109  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 14 June 2021       issue date ※ 14 August 2021  
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TUPAB220 Longitudinal Dynamics with Harmonic Cavities under the Over-stretching Conditions cavity, beam-loading, longitudinal-dynamics, bunching 1939
 
  • J.Y. Xu, H.S. Xu
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
 
  Higher harmonic cavities (HHCs) are often used to lengthen the bunches, mainly for increasing the Touschek lifetime or for suppressing the coupled-bunch instabilities in electron storage rings. There have been quite many studies on the beam dynamics with the consideration of HHCs. We revisited the basic longitudinal dynamics with HHCs. The derivation of the longitudinal equations of motion with HHCs will be presented in this paper. The difference in the number of fixed points at different HHC settings (mainly under the over-stretching conditions) is also discussed.  
poster icon Poster TUPAB220 [1.082 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB220  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 August 2021       issue date ※ 29 August 2021  
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TUPAB278 The HL-LHC Beam Gas Vertex Monitor - Simulations for Design Optimisation and Performance Study target, impedance, hadron, simulation 2120
 
  • H. Guerin, O.R. Jones, R. Kieffer, B. Kolbinger, T. Lefèvre, B. Salvant, J.W. Storey, R. Veness, C. Zamantzas
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  • S.M. Gibson, H. Guerin
    Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, United Kingdom
 
  The Beam Gas Vertex (BGV) instrument is a non-invasive transverse beam profile monitor being designed as part of the High Luminosity Upgrade of the LHC (HL-LHC) at CERN. Its aim is to continuously measure bunch-by-bunch beam profiles, independent of beam intensity, throughout the LHC cycle. The primary components of the BGV monitor are a gas target and a forward tracking detector. Secondary particles emerging from inelastic beam-gas interactions are detected by the tracker. The beam profile is then inferred from the spatial distribution of reconstructed vertices of said interactions. Based on insights and conclusions acquired by a demonstrator device that was operated in the LHC during Run 2, a new design is being developed to fulfill the HL-LHC specifications. This contribution describes the status of the simulation studies being performed to evaluate the impact of design parameters on the instrument’s performance and identify gas target and tracker requirements.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB278  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 21 June 2021       issue date ※ 30 August 2021  
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TUPAB285 Broadband Imaging of Coherent Radiation as a Single-Shot Bunch Length Monitor with Femtosecond Resolution radiation, electron, simulation, network 2147
 
  • J. Wolfenden, R.B. Fiorito, E. Kukstas, C.P. Welsch
    The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
  • M. Brandin, B.S. Kyle, E. Mansten, S. Thorin
    MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
  • R.B. Fiorito, C.P. Welsch, J. Wolfenden
    Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  • E. Mansten
    Lund University, Division of Atomic Physics, Lund, Sweden
  • T.H. Pacey
    STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
 
  Funding: This work is supported by the AWAKE-UK project funded by STFC and the STFC Cockcroft core grant No. ST/G008248/1
Bunch length measurements with femtosecond resolution are a key component in the optimisation of beam quality in FELs, storage rings, and plasma-based accelerators. This contribution presents the development of a novel single-shot bunch length monitor with femtosecond resolution, based on broadband imaging of the spatial distribution of emitted coherent radiation. The technique can be applied to many radiation sources; in this study the focus is coherent transition radiation (CTR) at the MAX IV Short Pulse Facility. Bunch lengths of interest at this facility are <100 fs FWHM; therefore the CTR is in the THz to Far-IR range. To this end, a THz imaging system has been developed, utilising high resistivity float zone silicon lenses and a pyroelectric camera; building upon previous results where single-shot compression monitoring was achieved. This contribution presents simulations of this new CTR imaging system to demonstrate the synchrotron radiation mitigation and imaging capability provided, alongside initial measurements and a bunch length fitting algorithm, capable of shot-to-shot operation. A new machine learning analysis method is also discussed.
 
poster icon Poster TUPAB285 [2.008 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB285  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 24 June 2021       issue date ※ 23 August 2021  
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TUPAB292 Automation of the ReAccelerator Linac Phasing cavity, controls, interface, linac 2170
 
  • D.J. Barofsky, A.I. Henriques, T.J. Kabana, A.S. Plastun
    FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
  • D.B. Crisp, A. Lapierre, S. Nash, A.C.C. Villari
    NSCL, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
 
  Funding: This work is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. PHY-1565546
The ReAccelerator (ReA) at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory at Michigan State University is a unique facility, as it offers the possibility to reaccelerate not only stable, but rare-isotope beams produced by fast-projectile fragmentation or fission. At ReA, beams are accelerated using a Radio-Frequency-Quadrupole and a superconducting linear accelerator before being delivered to experiments. Beam preparation time plays a major role in the availability of beams to experiments. One of the major time consuming tasks is the linac phasing, since there are 23 resonator cavities to be phased, usually with very low beam intensities. This procedure was automated using a combination of EPICS (Experimental Physics and Industrial Controls System) In/Output Controllers (IOCs) and IOC triggered scripts to scan the resonator phase delay and measure the change in beam energy. We have developed user-friendly tools to phase the linac, which have been tested, making the task of phasing substantially easier. In this presentation, we will present our methodology, challenges faced, tools developed, and initial results of the application for automating the phasing of the ReA linac.
 
poster icon Poster TUPAB292 [1.140 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB292  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 June 2021       issue date ※ 29 August 2021  
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TUPAB317 Benchmarking of the Radiation Environment Simulations for CMS Experiment at LHC radiation, simulation, experiment, neutron 2235
 
  • I.L. Azhgirey, I.A. Kurochkin, A.D. Riabchikova
    IHEP, Moscow Region, Russia
  • D. Bozzato, A.E. Dabrowski, P. Kicsiny, S. Mallows, J. Wanczyk
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
 
  Radiation Simulations group of the Beam Radiation Instrumentation and Luminosity Project of the CMS experiment provide for CMS radiation environment and radiation effects simulation and benchmarking of these calculations with CMS data and other data from LHC measuring devices. We present some results of such benchmarking and the reliability analysis of the simulation procedures for radiation environment calculations at the LHC.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB317  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 16 June 2021       issue date ※ 29 August 2021  
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TUPAB320 Physical Design of the Radiation Shielding for the CMS Experiment at LHC radiation, simulation, experiment, shielding 2246
 
  • I.L. Azhgirey, I.A. Kurochkin, A.D. Riabchikova
    IHEP, Moscow Region, Russia
  • D. Bozzato, A.E. Dabrowski, S. Mallows
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
 
  The design of the radiation shielding for the CMS experiment at the LHC requires a simulation of the radiation environment using a model of the CMS experimental setup, accelerator components and the experimental hall infrastructure. The radiation simulations are used to optimise the design of the CMS detectors components and also the interface of the CMS detector with LHC accelerator. The Beam Radiation Instrumentation and Luminosity Project of CMS is responsible for giving important input into the optimisation and upgrade of radiation shielding used in CMS and also the radiation environment simulations software infrastructure. This contribution describes the organization of this work, the simulation software environment used for this part of CMS experiment activity and recent radiation simulation results used to optimise the forward shielding for CMS.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB320  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 16 June 2021       issue date ※ 10 August 2021  
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TUPAB393 Study of Remote Helium Mass Spectrometer Leak Detection in Accelerator vacuum, gun, operation, controls 2441
 
  • H.Y. He, D.H. Zhu
    IHEP CSNS, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
  • J.M. Liu
    DNSC, Dongguan, People’s Republic of China
 
  In order to solve the problem that the vacuum system of the accelerator can’t be close to the operation for a long time, a long-distance helium mass spectrometer leak detection system is explored by studying the structure of the conventional round tube vacuum box of the vacuum system, which integrates the online vacuum leak detection, defect diagnosis and process design, improves the digital operation, realizes the accurate and effective detection of the leak location range and leak rate, and provides the technology for the remote leak detection of the vacuum system. Support.  
poster icon Poster TUPAB393 [0.666 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB393  
About • paper received ※ 13 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 31 May 2021       issue date ※ 10 August 2021  
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TUPAB408 A Novel Automatic Focusing System for the Production of Radioisotopes for Theranostics target, cyclotron, radiation, focusing 2480
 
  • P. Häffner, C. Belver-Aguilar, S. Braccini, P. Casolaro, G. Dellepiane, I. Mateu, P. Scampoli, M. Schmid
    AEC, Bern, Switzerland
  • P. Scampoli
    Naples University Federico II, Napoli, Italy
 
  Funding: This research was partially funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF). Grants:200021175749, CRSII5180352, CR23I2156852.
A research program on the production of novel radioisotopes for theranostics is ongoing at the 18 MeV Bern medical cyclotron laboratory equipped with a solid target station. Targets are made of rare and expensive isotope enriched materials in form of compressed 6 mm diameter pellets. The irradiation of such a small target is challenging. A specific capsule has been developed made of two aluminum halves kept together by permanent magnets. Since the beam extracted from a medical cyclotron is about 12 mm FWHM, an automatic compact focusing system was conceived and constructed to optimise the irradiation procedure. It is based on a 0.5 m long magnetic system, embedding two quadrupoles and two steering magnets, and a non-destructive beam monitoring detector located in front of the target. The profiles measured by the detector are elaborated by a specific software that, through a feedback optimisation algorithm, acts on the magnets and keeps the beam focused on target. Being about 1 m long, it can be installed in any existing medical cyclotron facility. The design of the first prototype together with the results of the first beam tests are presented.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB408  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 24 June 2021       issue date ※ 19 August 2021  
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TUPAB409 FLUKA and Geant4 Monte Carlo Simulations of a Desktop, Flat Panel Source Array for 3D Medical Imaging photon, simulation, electron, experiment 2483
 
  • T. Primidis, C.P. Welsch
    The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
  • T. Primidis, C.P. Welsch
    Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  • V. Soloviev
    Adaptix Imaging, Didcot, United Kingdom
 
  Funding: Funded by the Accelerators for Security, Healthcare and Environment CDT from the United Kingdom Research and Innovation Science and Technology Facilities Council, reference ID ST/R002142/1
Digital tomosynthesis (DT) is a 3D imaging modality with a lower cost and lower dose than computed tomography. A DT system made of a flat panel array with 45 X-ray sources, but compact enough to fit on the desktop is near market realisation by the company Adaptix Ltd. This work presents a framework of FLUKA and Geant4 Monte Carlo (MC) simulations of the Adaptix system including the X-ray beam generation and the final image quality. The results show that MC methods offer an insight into the performance details of such an innovative device at different levels between the X-ray emitter array and the detector. As such, a large portion of the design and optimisation of such novel X-ray imaging systems can be done with a single toolkit. Finally, the modularity of the approach allows other tools to be imported at various steps within the framework and thus provide answers to questions that cannot be addressed by general-purpose MC codes.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB409  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 31 May 2021       issue date ※ 24 August 2021  
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TUPAB410 Finite Element Analysis and Experimental Validation of Low-Pressure Beam Windows for XCET Detectors at CERN experiment, Windows, photon, background 2487
 
  • J. Buesa Orgaz, M. Brugger, G. Romagnoli, O. Sacristan De Frutos, F. Sanchez Galan
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
 
  In the framework of the renovation and consolidation of experimental areas at CERN, a low-pressure design beam superimposed windows (250 µm Mylar and 150 µm polyethylene) for the Threshold Cherenkov counters (XCET) has been modelled and verified for its implementation. The XCET is a detector used to count the number of selected charged particles in the beam by adjusting the pressure that leads to the emission of Cherenkov photons only above certain pressure threshold. Simultaneously, the charged particles pass from a vacuum environment to the pressurized refractive gas vessel through a solid interface. Minimal material in this solid interface is therefore crucial to avoid interactions of the low-energy particles which may lead to beam intensity loss or background production. Hence, thin and low-density materials are required to mitigate multiple scattering and energy loss of the incoming particles while still allowing the needed pressures inside the counter vessel. A XCET validation methodology was conducted using Finite Element Analysis (FEA), followed by experimental validations performing burst pressure tests and using Digital Image Correlation (DIC).  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB410  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 June 2021       issue date ※ 24 August 2021  
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TUPAB413 Rapid Browser-Based Visualization of Large Neutron Scattering Datasets neutron, scattering, experiment, network 2494
 
  • D.L. Bruhwiler, K. Bruhwiler, P. Moeller, R. Nagler
    RadiaSoft LLC, Boulder, Colorado, USA
  • C.M. Hoffmann, Z.J. Morgan, A.T. Savici, M.G. Tucker
    ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  • A. Kuhn, J. Mensmann, P. Messmer, M. Nienhaus, S. Roemer, D. Tatulea
    NVIDIA, Santa Clara, USA
 
  Funding: This work is supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award No. DE-SC0021551.
Neutron scattering makes invaluable contributions to the physical, chemical, and nanostructured materials sciences. Single crystal diffraction experiments collect volumetric scattering data sets representing the internal structure relations by combining datasets of many individual settings at different orientations, times and sample environment conditions. In particular, we consider data from the single-crystal diffraction experiments at ORNL.* A new technical approach for rapid, interactive visualization of remote neutron data is being explored. The NVIDIA IndeX 3D volumetric visualization framework** is being used via the HTML5 client viewer from NVIDIA, the ParaView plugin***, and new Jupyter notebooks, which will be released to the community with an open source license.
* L. Coates et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 89, 092802 (2018).
** https://developer.nvidia.com/nvidia-index
*** https://blog.kitware.com/nvidia-index-plugin-in-paraview-5-5
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB413  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 21 July 2021       issue date ※ 26 August 2021  
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TUPAB415 Irradiation Methods and Infrastructure Concepts of New Beam Lines for NICA Applied Research radiation, quadrupole, target, diagnostics 2498
 
  • G.A. Filatov, A. Agapov, A.V. Butenko, K.N. Shipulin, A. Slivin, E. Syresin, A. Tuzikov, A.S. Vorozhtsov
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  • S. Antoine, W. Beeckman, X.G. Duveau, J. Guerra-Phillips, P.J. Jehanno
    SIGMAPHI S.A., Vannes, France
 
  Nowadays space exploration has faced the issue of radiation risk to microelectronics and biological objects. The new beamlines and irradiation stations of the Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA) at JINR are currently under construction to study this issue. The beamline parameters, different methods for homogeneous irradiation of targets such as scanning, and beam profile shaping by octupole magnets are discussed. A short description of the building infrastructure, magnet elements, and detectors for these beamlines is also given.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB415  
About • paper received ※ 11 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 June 2021       issue date ※ 13 August 2021  
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WEXA07 Beam Background Measurements at SuperKEKB/Belle-II in 2020 background, luminosity, injection, scattering 2532
 
  • H.N. Nakayama, T. Koga
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  • K. Kojima
    Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
  • A. Natochii, S. Vahsen
    University of Hawaii, Honolulu,, USA
 
  The SuperKEKB electron-positron collider began collision operation in 2018 and achieved the world-record luminosity of 2.4x1034~cm-2s-1 in June 2020. We pursue higher luminosity by squeezing beam sizes and increasing beam currents. Beam backgrounds induced by stray particles will also increase and might cause severe radiation damage to Belle II detector components and worsen the quality of collected physics data. To mitigate these backgrounds, we have carefully designed our interaction region and installed movable collimators in the machine. We present recent measurements of beam background at SuperKEKB. We have performed dedicated machine studies to measure each background component separately and found that beam-gas scattering and Touschek scattering in the positron ring are the dominant sources of background rates in Belle II. We also present the latest observations of injection background, which determines the timing of a required Belle II data acquisition trigger veto and therefore affects the integrated luminosity. We show the beam background extrapolation toward the expected higher-luminosity operation and our plans for further background mitigation.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEXA07  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 25 June 2021       issue date ※ 13 August 2021  
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WEPAB002 The Interaction Region of the Electron-Ion Collider EIC electron, radiation, synchrotron-radiation, synchrotron 2574
 
  • H. Witte, J. Adam, M. Anerella, E.C. Aschenauer, J.S. Berg, M. Blaskiewicz, A. Blednykh, W. Christie, J.P. Cozzolino, K.A. Drees, D.M. Gassner, K. Hamdi, C. Hetzel, H.M. Hocker, D. Holmes, A. Jentsch, A. Kiselev, P. Kovach, H. Lovelace III, Y. Luo, G.J. Mahler, A. Marone, G.T. McIntyre, C. Montag, R.B. Palmer, B. Parker, S. Peggs, S.R. Plate, V. Ptitsyn, G. Robert-Demolaize, C.E. Runyan, J. Schmalzle, K.S. Smith, S. Tepikian, P. Thieberger, J.E. Tuozzolo, F.J. Willeke, Q. Wu, Z. Zhang
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
  • B.R. Gamage, T.J. Michalski, V.S. Morozov, M.L. Stutzman, W. Wittmer
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  • M.K. Sullivan
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
 
  Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
This paper presents an overview of the Interaction Region (IR) design for the planned Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory. The IR is designed to meet the requirements of the nuclear physics community *. The IR design features a ±4.5 m free space for the detector; a forward spectrometer magnet is used for the detection of hadrons scattered under small angles. The hadrons are separated from the neutrons allowing detection of neutrons up to ±4 mrad. On the rear side, the electrons are separated from photons using a weak dipole magnet for the luminosity monitor and to detect scattered electrons (e-tagger). To avoid synchrotron radiation backgrounds in the detector no strong electron bending magnet is placed within 40 m upstream of the IP. The magnet apertures on the rear side are large enough to allow synchrotron radiation to pass through the magnets. The beam pipe has been optimized to reduce the impedance; the total power loss in the central vacuum chamber is expected to be less than 90 W. To reduce risk and cost the IR is designed to employ standard NbTi superconducting magnets, which are described in a separate paper.
* An Assessment of U.S.-Based Electron-Ion Collider Science. (2018). Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/25171
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB002  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 25 June 2021       issue date ※ 31 August 2021  
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WEPAB012 Preliminary Investigation into Accelerators for In-Situ Cultural Heritage Research rfq, proton, linac, radiation 2605
 
  • T.K. Charles
    The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
  • A. Castilla
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  • A. Castilla
    Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
 
  Ion Beam Analysis (IBA) centres have provided researchers with powerful techniques to analyse objects of cultural significance in a non-destructive and non-invasive manner. However, in some cases it is not be feasible to remove an object from the field or museum and transport it to the laboratory. In this conference proceedings, we report the initial results of an investigation into the feasibility of a compact accelerator that can be taken to sites of cultural significance, for PIXE analysis. In particular, we consider the application of a compact, robust accelerator that is capable to producing 2 MeV protons that can be taken into the field to perform PIXE measurements on rock art. We detail the main challenges and considerations for such a device, as well as highlighting the potential benefits of this new accelerator application.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB012  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 25 June 2021       issue date ※ 10 August 2021  
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WEPAB021 Development and Testing of a Cherenkov Beam Loss Monitor in CLEAR Facility experiment, photon, electron, beam-losses 2640
 
  • S. Benitez Berrocal, E. Effinger, W. Farabolini, A. Gilardi, P. Korysko, E. Lima, B. Salvachua, W. Viganò
    CERN, Geneva 23, Switzerland
  • P. Lane
    University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom
 
  Beam Loss Monitors are fundamental diagnostic systems in particle accelerators. Beam losses are measured by a wide range of detectors with excellent results; most of these devices are used to measure local beam losses. However, in some accelerators there is the need to measure beam losses continuously localized over longer distances i.e., several tens of meters. For this reason, a beam loss detector based on long optical fibres is now under study. As part of the design, several simulations, comparing different possible detection scenarios, have been performed in FLUKA and bench-marked with experimental data. An experimental campaign was performed with an electron beam in the CERN Linear Electron Accelerator for Research (CLEAR) in November 2020. The light emitted from the optical fibre was captured using Silicon Photo-Multipliers (SiPM) coupled at each fibre’s end. In this poster, the first results of a beam loss detector based on the capture of Cherenkov photons generated by charged particles inside multimode silica fibres are presented.  
poster icon Poster WEPAB021 [0.724 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB021  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 21 June 2021       issue date ※ 31 August 2021  
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WEPAB029 Challenges for the Interaction Region Design of the Future Circular Collider FCC-ee photon, simulation, background, collider 2668
 
  • M. Boscolo, A. Ciarma, F. Fransesini, L. Pellegrino
    INFN/LNF, Frascati, Italy
  • N. Bacchetta
    INFN- Sez. di Padova, Padova, Italy
  • M. Benedikt, H. Burkhardt, M.A. Jones, R. Kersevan, M. Lueckhof, E. Montbarbon, K. Oide, L. Watrelot, F. Zimmermann
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  • L. Brunetti, M. Serluca
    IN2P3-LAPP, Annecy-le-Vieux, France
  • M. Dam
    NBI, København, Denmark
  • M. Koratzinos
    MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
  • M. Migliorati
    INFN-Roma1, Rome, Italy
  • A. Novokhatski, M.K. Sullivan
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  • F. Poirier
    CNRS - DR17, RENNES, France
 
  Funding: This work was partially supported by the EC HORIZON 2020 project FCC-IS, grant agreement n.951754, and by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, under Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF-00515.
The FCC-ee is a proposed future high-energy, high-intensity and high precision lepton collider. Here, we present the latest developments for the FCC-ee interaction regions, which shall ensure optimum conditions for the particle physics experiments. We discuss measures of background reduction and a revised interaction region layout including a low impedance compact beam chamber design. We also discuss the possible impact of the radiation generated in the interaction region including beamstrahlung.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB029  
About • paper received ※ 11 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 23 June 2021       issue date ※ 30 August 2021  
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WEPAB126 Pulsed Wire Magnetic Field Measurement System for Short-Period Long Undulators undulator, FEL, laser, electron 2903
 
  • J.E. Baader, S. Casalbuoni
    EuXFEL, Schenefeld, Germany
 
  The pulsed wire method is an attractive option to measure the magnetic field in insertion devices, mainly for those with restricted access (e.g., small gaps, in-vacuum/cryogenic environments, etc.). Besides first and second field integrals, experiments have proved the feasibility of reconstructing the magnetic field profile. Undulators with a small gap and short period are - and are planned to be - used at diffraction-limited storage rings and free-electron lasers. This contribution outlines the pulsed wire system’s requirements to perform magnetic field reconstruction in such undulators. We examine the main expected limitations, particularly the dispersive, finite pulse-width, discretization error, and sag effects. Furthermore, we present the current status of developing the pulsed wire system at the European XFEL.  
poster icon Poster WEPAB126 [1.184 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB126  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 07 July 2021       issue date ※ 19 August 2021  
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WEPAB172 Recent Developments of the IDEAS-Halo Detector experiment, electron, vacuum, FEL 3005
 
  • A. Liu, J.R. Callahan, B.T. Freemire
    Euclid TechLabs, Solon, Ohio, USA
  • J.F. Power, J.H. Shao
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
 
  Funding: This work was performed at Euclid and Argonne National Laboratory, and was supported by the US DOE Office of Science under contract number DE-SC0019538.
Euclid Techlabs has been designing and testing a cost-effective iris diaphragm beam halo/profile detector, which can be easily configured to work with various primary beam energies and sites. Besides working as a measurement device, it can also work as a controllable beam scraper/collimator. This novel iris diaphragm detector utilizes the current signal produced by the beam charge deposition on the moveable conductive iris blades, to accurately measure the beam distribution from the outlier to the beam core. In this paper, we discuss the recent developments of our iris diaphragm e-beam apparatus series (IDEAS)-halo detector, including its geometry upgrades and newest beam experiments done at the AWA cathode testbed (ACT) of Argonne National Laboratory.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB172  
About • paper received ※ 03 June 2021       paper accepted ※ 22 July 2021       issue date ※ 27 August 2021  
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WEPAB184 Optimization of Medical Accelerators proton, network, medical-accelerators, FEL 3042
 
  • C.P. Welsch
    The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
  • C.P. Welsch
    Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
 
  Funding: This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sk’odowska-Curie grant agreement No 675265.
Between 2016 and 2020, 15 Fellows have carried out collaborative research within the 4 MEUR Optimization of Medical Accelerators (OMA) EU-funded innovative training network. Based at universities, research and clinical facilities, as well as industry partners in several European countries, the Fellows have successfully developed a range of beam and patient imaging techniques, improved biological and physical models in Monte Carlo codes, and also help improve the design of existing and future clinical facilities. This paper gives an overview of the research outcomes of this network. It presents results from tracking and LET measurements with the MiniPIX-TimePIX detector for 60 MeV clinical protons, a new treatment planning approach accounting for prompt gamma range verification and interfractional anatomical changes, and summarizes findings from high-gradient testing of an S-band, normal-conducting low phase velocity accelerating structure. Finally, it gives a brief over-view of the scientific and training events organized by the OMA consortium.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB184  
About • paper received ※ 16 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 14 July 2021       issue date ※ 21 August 2021  
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WEPAB186 Studies for the K12 High-Intensity Kaon Beam at CERN experiment, simulation, target, kaon 3049
 
  • G.L. D’Alessandro, D. Banerjee, J. Bernhard, M. Brugger, N. Doble, L. Gatignon, A. Gerbershagen, R. Marchevski, B. Rae, S. Schuchmann, F.W. Stummer, M.W.U. Van Dijk
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  • S.T. Boogert, S.M. Gibson, L.J. Nevay
    JAI, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom
 
  The NA62 experiment is a fixed target experiment located in the North Area of CERN and has as main goal the measurement of the branching ratio of the rare decay K±>pi+vv. The primary proton beam from the SPS accelerator interacts with the T10 beryllium target and the generated 75 GeV/c secondary particles, containing about 6% of positive kaons, are transported by the K12 beamline to the NA62 experiment. Studies in this paper present detailed simulations of the K12 beamline developed in both FLUKA and BDSIM codes, which reproduce the current configuration of K12 for the NA62 experiment. The beam optics parameters of K12 are studied in BDSIM and compared to MADX optics and tracking calculations. The models in FLUKA and BDSIM are used for beam studies and muon production at various locations along the beamline, and the parameters obtained from simulations are benchmarked against data recorded by the experiment. The impact of the Cherenkov kaon tagging detector (CEDAR) on the beam quality is calculated for two different gas compositions in view of a possible upgrade of the detector.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB186  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 01 July 2021       issue date ※ 27 August 2021  
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WEPAB212 Physics Studies for the LBNF Graphite Target Design target, focusing, simulation, proton 3123
 
  • J.J. Back
    University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
 
  We present the simulated physics performance of the Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF) graphite target that is being designed by the RAL High Power Targets Group for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE). We first compare three conceptual cylindrical target design options as a function of target length (up to 2.2 m): downstream supported, two individual targets and an upstream-supported cantilever. Choosing the cantilever design as the baseline, we show the effect of widening the upstream inner conductor of the first focusing horn to provide extra space for supporting the target. We also give estimates of the expected performance of the 1.5 m prototype and 1.8 m production cantilevered targets. Furthermore, we show the effects of the main engineering updates made to the other two focusing horns since the DUNE TDR.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB212  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 05 July 2021       issue date ※ 26 August 2021  
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WEPAB240 Increasing the Single-Bunch Instability Threshold by Bunch Splitting Due to RF Phase Modulation synchrotron, radiation, electron, synchrotron-radiation 3193
 
  • J.L. Steinmann, E. Blomley, M. Brosi, E. Bründermann, A. Mochihashi, A.-S. Müller, M. Schuh, P. Schönfeldt
    KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
 
  Funding: This work is funded by the BMBF contract number: 05K16VKA.
RF phase modulation at twice the synchrotron frequency can be used to split a stored electron bunch into two or more bunchlets orbiting each other. We report on time-resolved measurements at the Karlsruhe Research Accelerator (KARA), where this bunch splitting was used to increase the threshold current of the microbunching instability, happening in the short-bunch operation mode. Turning the modulation on and off reproducibly affects the sawtooth behavior of the emitted coherent synchrotron radiation.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB240  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 08 July 2021       issue date ※ 18 August 2021  
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WEPAB277 Transverse Emittance Change and Canonical Angular Momentum Growth in MICE ‘Solenoid Mode’ with Muon Ionization Cooling solenoid, emittance, focusing, collider 3289
 
  • T.W. Lord
    University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
 
  Emittance reduction of muon beams is an important requirement in the design of a Neutrino Factory or Muon Collider. Ionization cooling, whereby beam emittance is reduced by passing a beam through an energy-absorbing material, requires tight focusing in the transverse plane which is achieved in many designs using solenoid focusing. In solenoid focusing, the beam acquires kinetic angular momentum due to the radial field in the solenoid fringe. Cooling in ‘flip’ mode, where the beam-focusing solenoid field changes polarity at the absorber, has already been demonstrated in the Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE). In this mode the absorber is near to the field flip, so the kinetic angular momentum is zero at the absorber. ‘Solenoid mode’ cooling, where the field polarity does not change across the absorber leading to a beam crossing the absorber with significant kinetic angular momentum, has been considered for the final section of the muon collider design due to potentially stronger focussing that it enables. In this paper, we present the performance of MICE in ‘solenoid mode’.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB277  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 06 July 2021       issue date ※ 12 August 2021  
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WEPAB281 The Precision Laser Inclinometer laser, experiment, luminosity, operation 3305
 
  • B. Di Girolamo, S. Vlachos
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • Ju. Boudagov, M.V. Lyablin
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
 
  Earth surface movements, like earthquakes or human-produced (cultural) noise, can induce a degradation of the instantaneous luminosity of particle accelerators or even sudden beam losses. In the same way the presence of seismic and cultural noise limits the detection capabilities of interferometric antennas used for the observations of gravitational waves. This contribution discusses the importance of monitoring the effects of earth vibrations using a novel multi-purpose instrument, the Precision Laser Inclinometer (PLI). Few examples of recorded events are discussed along with ideas on PLI applications.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB281  
About • paper received ※ 16 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 01 July 2021       issue date ※ 12 August 2021  
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WEPAB331 Application of KALYPSO as a Diagnostic Tool for Beam and Spectral Analysis electron, laser, synchrotron, experiment 3451
 
  • M.M. Patil, E. Bründermann, M. Caselle, A. Ebersoldt, S. Funkner, B. Kehrer, A.-S. Müller, M.J. Nasse, G. Niehues, J.L. Steinmann, M. Weber, C. Widmann
    KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
 
  Funding: This work is supported by the BMBF project 05K19VKD STARTRAC and DFG-funded Doctoral School ’Karlsruhe School of Elementary and Astroparticle Physics: Science and Technology’
KALYPSO is a novel detector capable of operating at frame rates up to 12 MHz developed and tested at the institute of data processing and electronics (IPE) and employed at Karlsruhe Research Accelerator (KARA) which is part of the Test Facility and Synchrotron Radiation Source KIT. This detector consists of silicon, InGaAs, PbS, or PbSe line array sensor with spectral sensitivity from 350 nm to 5000 nm. The unprecedented frame rate of this detector is achieved by a custom-designed ASIC readout chip. The FPGA-readout architecture enables continuous data acquisition and real-time data processing. Such a detector has various applications in the fields of beam diagnostics and spectral analysis. KALYPSO is currently employed at various synchrotron facilities for electro-optical spectral decoding (EOSD) to study the longitudinal profile of the electron beam, to study the energy spread of the electron beam, tuning of free-electron lasers (FELs), and also in characterizing laser spectra. This contribution will present an overview of the results from the mentioned applications.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB331  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 22 July 2021       issue date ※ 13 August 2021  
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WEPAB340 Pressure Simulations for the EIC Interaction Region vacuum, photon, electron, simulation 3483
 
  • M.L. Stutzman
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
 
  Background detector rates in the Electron Ion Collider depend in part on the pressure in the interaction region. Materials choice, synchrotron radiation induced desorption, conditioning time and pumping configuration all affect the pressure in the system. Simulations of the region using Synrad and Molflow+ coupled simulation codes will be presented for various configruations and conditioning times.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB340  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 20 July 2021       issue date ※ 11 August 2021  
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WEPAB349 Design of a Circular Waveguide TM01 Mode Launcher with Wire Loop Feed GUI, coupling, experiment, simulation 3517
 
  • A. Chittora
    BITS Pilani, Sancoale, India
 
  In Accelerator technology, RF power couplers are important component to couple RF signal to travelling wave structure. Circular waveguide TM01 mode is one of the symmetric modes, that is suitable to use for RF coupling. TM01 mode launcher is used as an RF coupler in Accelerator technology*. Design of a compact circular waveguide TM01 mode-launcher is presented in this paper. The design is based on the principle of magnetic field coupling between a wire loop and TM01 mode of circular waveguide. The mode launcher exhibits high efficiency and 3.1% bandwidth at 3.2 GHz frequency with both circular and elliptical loop. Performance of the mode launcher is experimentally verified and simulated S-parameters agree with the measured results. The mode launcher is of compact size and is suitable for efficient excitation of TM01 mode in circular waveguide and travelling wave structures. The launcher is also useful for cold testing of high power microwave antennas and Radars.
* M. Forno, "Design of a high power TM01 mode launcher optimized for manufacturing by milling." 2016.
 
poster icon Poster WEPAB349 [1.135 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB349  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 21 June 2021       issue date ※ 20 August 2021  
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WEPAB359 Report on Collimator Damaged Event in SuperKEKB electron, positron, MMI, operation 3541
 
  • S. Terui, Y. Funakoshi, H. Hisamatsu, T. Ishibashi, K. Kanazawa, Y. Ohnishi, K. Shibata, M. Shirai, Y. Suetsugu, M. Tobiyama
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
 
  Collimator jaws for SuperKEKB main ring, which is an electron-positron collider, installed to suppress background noise in a particle detector complex named Belle II. In high current operations with 500 mA or more, jaws were occasionally damaged by hitting abnormal beams. This trouble is a low-frequency, which is once-a-commissioning period currently, but high-consequence one because we are not able to apply high voltage on detectors in Belle II by high backgrounds. At this moment this jaw damage event occurs, we observed pressure burst near the collimator with the beam abort, there was no sign of beam oscillation indicating instability, and the beam intensity suddenly decreased a few turns before the abort. I predict that the cause of this jaw damage was that a sudden change of the beam energy by the collision with dust. In this paper, the explanation of the observation result of this events and tracking simulation of beam colliding with dust are reported.  
poster icon Poster WEPAB359 [3.869 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB359  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 22 July 2021       issue date ※ 20 August 2021  
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THPAB011 Monte Carlo Driven MDI Optimization at a Muon Collider simulation, collider, optics, interaction-region 3769
 
  • C. Curatolo, D. Lucchesi
    Univ. degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
  • F. Collamati
    INFN-Roma1, Rome, Italy
  • C. Curatolo, D. Lucchesi
    INFN- Sez. di Padova, Padova, Italy
  • A. Mereghetti
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  • A. Mereghetti
    CNAO Foundation, Pavia, Italy
  • N.V. Mokhov
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  • M.A. Palmer
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
  • P.R. Sala
    INFN-Milano, Milano, Italy
 
  A Muon Collider represents a very interesting possibility for a future machine to explore the energy frontier in particle physics. However, to reach the needed luminosity, beam intensities of the order of 109–1012 muons per bunch are needed. In this context, the Beam-Induced Background must be taken into account for its effects on magnets and detector. Several mitigation strategies can however be conceived. In this view, it is of crucial importance to develop a flexible tool that allows to easily reconstruct the machine geometry in a Monte Carlo code, allowing to simulate in detail the interaction of muon decay products in the machine, while being able to change the machine optics itself to find the best configuration. In this contribution, a possible approach to such a purpose is presented, based on FLUKA for the Monte Carlo simulation and on LineBuilder for the geometry reconstruction. Results based on the 1.5 TeV machine optics developed by the MAP collaboration are discussed, as well as a first approach to possible mitigation strategies.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB011  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 13 July 2021       issue date ※ 01 September 2021  
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THPAB012 The Magnetic Compensation Scheme of the FCC-ee Detectors solenoid, emittance, quadrupole, electron 3773
 
  • M. Koratzinos, K. Oide
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
 
  A crucial part of the design of an FCC-ee detector is the minimisation of the disruption of the beam due to the presence of a large and powerful detector magnet. Indeed, the emittance blow-up of the few meters around the interaction point (IP) at lower energies is comparable to the emittance introduced by the rest of the 100 km ring. Vertical emittance is the single most important factor in achieving high performance (luminosity, in this case) in a modern e+ e storage ring such as the FCC-ee. The design adopted is the simplest possible arrangement that can nevertheless deliver high performance: two additional coils per IP side. The performance achieved is such that vertical emittance blow-up will not be a limiting performance factor even in the case of a ring with four experiments, and even in the most demanding energy regime, that of the Z running (about 45 GeV beam energy).  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB012  
About • paper received ※ 10 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 28 July 2021       issue date ※ 30 August 2021  
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THPAB063 Laser Transport System of Shanghai Laser Electron Gamma Source (SLEGS) laser, controls, feedback, scattering 3897
 
  • H.H. Xu, G.T. Fan
    SSRF, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
 
  Shanghai Laser Electron Gamma Source (SLEGS) *, based on laser Compton scattering (LCS), as one of beamlines of Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF) in phase II, is under construction now. The technical design of its laser injection system has been implemented and optimized consecutively over the last few years. In order to inject the 10640 nm CO2 laser into the interaction point from the laser hutch outside the storage ring’s shielding, a laser transport system longer than 20 m using relay-imaging telescopes is designed. There are two operation mode in SLEGS. One is backscattering mode, which will make the laser and electron bunch collide at 180° with flux higher than 107 gamma/s. The other mode is slanting mode, which mainly inherits the design used in the prototype**. In this paper, a brief summary of the laser transport system is given. The system contains several modules to perform beam expansion, combining, monitoring and real-time adjustment. The design models, simulation study of the laser quality through the transporta-tion, and the experimental results are presented.
* Y. Xu, W. Xu, et al., NIM A, 578, 457 (2007).
** H.H. Xu, J.H. Chen, et al., Transaction on Nuclear Science, IEEE, 63, 906 (2016).
 
poster icon Poster THPAB063 [2.508 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB063  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 24 June 2021       issue date ※ 27 August 2021  
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THPAB123 Pytomic: A Python Tool for Polarized Atomic Beam Tracking simulation, sextupole, polarization, target 4002
 
  • J.L. Martinez Marin, W. Armstrong, B.M. Mustapha
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
 
  Funding: This work was supported by the U.S. DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 through ANL’s LDRD program.
Pytomic is a new tool for the simulation and analysis of atomic beams through magnetic systems. It is written in Python and based on the same fundamentals as other particle tracking codes but for atomic beams instead of charged beams. In this case, the manipulation and control of neutral atomic beams is via a force due to the spin interacting with a magnetic field gradient. An object-oriented tool was developed to aid in the design of a beamline through the manipulation of modular elements. The Python language allowed for a smooth implementation and kept the code clear and simple. The primary purpose of developing this code was to have a tool to design, simulate, and optimize a Breit-Rabi Polarimeter to measure the polarization of an atomic beam. Therefore, different set-ups with different magnets need to be simulated and optimized for direct comparison. In addition to simulation and tracking modules, a new data analysis module was developed to be able to quickly analyze simulation results, gaining insight from each iteration of the simulation, leading to an efficient and rapid design process. Example applications to design polarimeters for atomic beams will be presented.
 
poster icon Poster THPAB123 [7.765 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB123  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 21 June 2021       issue date ※ 27 August 2021  
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THPAB143 M2 Experimental Beamline Optics Studies for Next Generation Muon Beam Experiments at CERN experiment, optics, hadron, collider 4041
 
  • D. Banerjee, J. Bernhard, M. Brugger, N. Charitonidis, G.L. D’Alessandro, A. Gerbershagen, E. Montbarbon, C.A. Mussolini, E.G. Parozzi, B. Rae, B.M. Veit
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • L. Gatignon
    Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
 
  In the context of the Physics Beyond Colliders Project, various new experiments have been proposed for the M2 beamline at the CERN North Area fixed target experimental facility. The experiments include MUonE, NA64µ, and the successor to the COMPASS experiment, tentatively named AMBER/NA66. The AMBER/NA66 collaboration proposes to build a QCD facility requiring conventional muon and hadron beams for runs up to 2024 in the first phase of the experiment. MUonE aims to measure the hadronic contribution to the vacuum polarization in the context of the (gµ-2) anomaly with a setup longer than 40 m and a 160 GeV/c high intensity, low divergence muon beam. NA64µ is a muon beam program for dark sector physics requiring a 100 - 160 GeV/c muon beam with a 15-25 m long setup. All three experiments request similar beam times up to 2024 with compelling physics programs, which required launching extensive studies for integration, installation, beam optics, and background estimations. The experiments will be presented along with details of the studies performed to check their feasibility and compatibility with an emphasis on the updated optics for these next-generation muon beam experiments.  
poster icon Poster THPAB143 [14.259 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB143  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 20 July 2021       issue date ※ 25 August 2021  
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THPAB157 Studying X-Ray Spectra of the SIS18 Electrostatic Septa to Measure Their Electric Field extraction, septum, injection, electron 4065
 
  • B. Gålander, E. Kozlova, D. Ondreka, A. Sokolov, P.J. Spiller, J. Stadlmann
    GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
 
  The synchrotron SIS18 at GSI uses resonant extraction for slow beam extraction on the order of seconds. For some time, there has been an unexplained discrepancy of the slow extraction with a lower extraction efficiency than expected at the highest beam energies. Recent machine studies have indicated that the deflection by the electrostatic septum might be less than the nominal 2.5 mrad, leading to increased losses at the magnetic septum. In this paper, we pursue an idea to directly measure the voltage of the electrode gap by utilizing the fact that dark current electrons accelerated in the gap of the electrostatic extraction septum generate Bremsstrahlung X-rays when hitting the anode. The high-energy cut-off of the X-ray spectra then corresponds to the voltage of the electrode gap. Measurements of the X-ray spectra at the extraction septum of SIS18 have been performed using a solid-state CdTe detector. This technique provides an in-situ measurement of the voltage applied to the electrostatic extraction channel and has proven to be a useful diagnostics tool.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB157  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 September 2021       issue date ※ 19 August 2021  
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THPAB239 Impedance Optimization of the EIC Interaction Region Vacuum Chamber electron, vacuum, impedance, wakefield 4270
 
  • A. Blednykh
    Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Electron-Ion Collider, Upton, New York, USA
  • E.C. Aschenauer, M. Blaskiewicz, C. Hetzel, M.P. Sangroula, G. Wang, H. Witte
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
 
  Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
The interaction region chamber has a complex geometry at the crossing location of electron and proton beam pipes. In the direction of the electron beam, the pipe is designed in a way to avoid joints with cavity characteristics. The horizontal slot on the upstream side and the tapered transition on the downstream side are applied to minimize the IR chamber contribution to the total impedance of the electron ring and to avoid generating Higher Order Modes and heating-related issues. The synchrotron radiation mask is included to protect the IR chamber from synchrotron radiation without significant aperture reduction. In the direction of the proton beam, the main area for optimization is the transition area right after the detector.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB239  
About • paper received ※ 15 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 24 June 2021       issue date ※ 24 August 2021  
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THPAB250 Fire Detection System Reliability Analysis: An Operational Data-Based Framework framework, operation, database, controls 4296
 
  • M.M.C. Averna, G. Gai
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
 
  This paper describes a framework developed at CERN, conducting reliability analysis of Safety-Critical Systems (Fire detection and Alarms) based on operational data. It applies Fault-Tree Analysis on maintenance-related data, categorized based on the component on failure. This framework, a tool implemented in Python, accounts for Fire Detection components installed in tunnels and surface buildings (control panels, detectors, etc) and safety functions triggered upon detection (evacuation, alarms to the CERN Fire Brigade, compartmentalization, electrical isolation, etc). The usefulness of the results of this type of analysis is twofold. Firstly, the results are a supporting tool for estimating the yearly availability of Fire Detection Systems in critical facilities, crucial in Capital and Operational Expenditure identification. Additionally, this approach refines the frequency analysis as part of quantitative fire risk assessments performed in the context of the FIRIA (Fire-Induced Radiological Integrated Assessment) Project, launched by CERN in 2018 and aiming at assessing the risk of fire events in experimental facilities with potential radiologic consequences to the public.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB250  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 19 July 2021       issue date ※ 22 August 2021  
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THPAB269 Compton Spectrometer for FACET-II electron, simulation, plasma, wakefield 4332
 
  • B. Naranjo, G. Andonian, A. Fukasawa, W.J. Lynn, N. Majernik, J.B. Rosenzweig, Y. Sakai, O. Williams, M. Yadav, Y. Zhuang
    UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
 
  Funding: DARPA GRIT Contract 20204571, DOE HEP Grant DE-SC0009914
We present the design of a Compton spectrometer for use at FACET-II. A sextupole is used for magnetic spectral analysis, giving a broad dynamic range (180 keV through 28 MeV) and the capability to capture an energy-angular double-differential spectrum in a single shot. At low gamma energies, below 1 MeV, Compton spectroscopy becomes increasingly challenging as the scattering cross-section becomes more isotropic. To extend the range of the spectrometer down to around 180 keV, we use a 3D-printed tungsten collimator at the detector plane to preferentially select forward-scattered electrons at the Compton edge.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB269  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 22 July 2021       issue date ※ 19 August 2021  
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THPAB270 Pair Spectrometer for FACET-II electron, positron, scattering, photon 4336
 
  • B. Naranjo, G. Andonian, A. Fukasawa, N. Majernik, M.H. Oruganti, J.B. Rosenzweig, Y. Sakai, O. Williams, M. Yadav
    UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
  • N. Cavanagh, G. Sarri
    Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
  • A. Di Piazza, C.H. Keitel
    MPI-K, Heidelberg, Germany
  • E. Gerstmayr, S. Meuren, D.A. Reis, D.W. Storey, V. Yakimenko
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  • R. Holtzapple
    CalPoly, San Luis Obispo, California, USA
  • C. Nielsen
    AU, Aarhus, Denmark
 
  Funding: DARPA GRIT Contract 20204571, DOE HEP Grant DE-SC0009914
We present the design of a pair spectrometer for use at FACET-II, where there is a need for spectroscopy of photons having energies up to 10 GeV. Incoming gammas are converted to high-energy positron-electron pairs, which are then subsequently analyzed in a dipole magnet. These charged particles are then recorded in arrays of acrylic Cherenkov counters, which are significantly less sensitive to background x-rays than scintillator counters in this case. To reconstruct energies of single high-energy photons, the spectrometer has a sensitivity to single positron-electron pairs. Even in this single-photon limit, there is always some low-energy continuum present, so spectral deconvolution is not trivial, for which we demonstrate a maximum likelihood reconstruction. Finally, end-to-end simulations of experimental scenarios, together with anticipated backgrounds, are presented.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB270  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 28 July 2021       issue date ※ 18 August 2021  
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THPAB295 Application of CMM Technology in Accelerator Magnet Detection software, quadrupole, hardware, radiation 4381
 
  • S. Li, F.S. Chen, C.D. Deng, W. Kang, Y.Q. Liu, X. Wu, Y.W. Wu
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
 
  Accelerator magnet is one of the most difficult equipment in accelerator hardware system. With the improvement of physical requirements, more and more high technical requirements are put forward for magnets. This paper mainly introduces the new application of three coordinate measurement technology in the detection of accelerator magnet, and introduces the working process of CMM in the detection of accelerator magnet polar profile.  
poster icon Poster THPAB295 [0.677 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB295  
About • paper received ※ 14 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 September 2021       issue date ※ 29 August 2021  
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FRXC03 Modern Ultra-Fast Detectors for Online Beam Diagnostics electron, laser, experiment, FPGA 4540
 
  • M.M. Patil, E. Bründermann, M. Caselle, A. Ebersoldt, S. Funkner, B. Kehrer, A.-S. Müller, M.J. Nasse, G. Niehues, J.L. Steinmann, W. Wang, M. Weber, C. Widmann
    KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
 
  Funding: This work is supported by the BMBF project 05K19VKD STARTRAC and DFG-funded Doctoral School ’Karlsruhe School of Elementary and Astroparticle Physics: Science and Technology’
Synchrotron light sources operate with bunch repetition rates in the MHz regime. The longitudinal and transverse beam dynamics of these electron bunches can be investigated and characterized by experiments employing linear array detectors. To improve the performance of modern beam diagnostics and overcome the limitations of commercially available detectors, we have at KIT developed KALYPSO, a detector system operating with an unprecedented frame rate of up to 12 MHz. To facilitate the integration in different experiments, a modular architecture has been utilized. Different semiconductor microstrip sensors based on Si, InGaAs, PbS, and PbSe can be connected to the custom-designed low noise front-end ASIC to optimize the quantum efficiency at different photon energies, ranging from near-UV, visible, and up to near-IR. The front-end electronics are integrated within a heterogeneous DAQ consisting of FPGAs and GPUs, which allows the implementation of real-time data processing. This detector is currently installed at KARA, European XFEL, FLASH, Soleil, DELTA. In this contribution, we present the detector architecture, the performance results, and the ongoing technical developments.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-FRXC03  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 22 July 2021       issue date ※ 01 September 2021  
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