Keyword: synchrotron-radiation
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MOPAB245 Theoretical Analysis of the Conditions for an Isochronous and CSR-Immune Triple-Bend Achromat with Stable Optics emittance, dipole, optics, radiation 786
 
  • C. Zhang, Y. Jiao
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  • C.-Y. Tsai
    HUST, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
  
  Funding: National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 11922512), Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. Y201904), National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2016YFA0401900)
Trans­port of high-bright­ness beams with min­i­mum degra­da­tion of the phase space qual­ity is pur­sued in mod­ern ac­cel­er­a­tors. For the beam trans­fer line which com­monly con­sists of bend­ing mag­nets, it would be de­sir­able if the trans­fer line can be isochro­nous and co­her­ent syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion (CSR)-im­mune. For multi-pass trans­fer line, the achro­matic cell de­signs with sta­ble op­tics would bring great con­ve­nience. In this paper, based on the trans­fer ma­trix for­mal­ism and the CSR point-kick model, we re­port the de­tailed the­o­ret­i­cal analy­sis and de­rive the con­di­tion for a triple-bend achro­mat with sta­ble op­tics in which the first-or­der lon­gi­tu­di­nal dis­per­sion (i.e., R56) and the CSR-in­duced emit­tance growth can be elim­i­nated. The de­rived con­di­tion sug­gests a new way of de­sign­ing the bend­ing mag­net beam­line that can be ap­plied to the free-elec­tron laser (FEL) spreader and en­ergy re­cov­ery linac (ERL) re­cir­cu­la­tion loop. 		 
poster icon Poster MOPAB245 [0.530 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB245  
About • paper received ※ 12 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 08 June 2021       issue date ※ 27 August 2021  
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TUPAB255 Longitudinal Beam Dynamics and Coherent Synchrotron Radiation at cSTART synchrotron, radiation, electron, storage-ring 2050
 
  • M. Schwarz, E. Bründermann, D. El Khechen, B. Härer, A. Malygin, A.-S. Müller, M.J. Nasse, A.I. Papash, R. Ruprecht, J. Schäfer, M. Schuh, P. Wesolowski
    KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
  
  The com­pact STor­age ring for Ac­cel­er­a­tor Re­search and Tech­nol­ogy (cSTART) pro­ject aims to store elec­tron bunches of LWFA-like beams in a very large mo­men­tum ac­cep­tance stor­age ring. The pro­ject will be re­al­ized at the Karl­sruhe In­sti­tute of Tech­nol­ogy (KIT, Ger­many). Ini­tially, the Fer­n­in­frarot Linac- Und Test-Ex­per­i­ment (FLUTE), a source of ul­tra-short bunches, will serve as an in­jec­tor for cSTART to bench­mark and em­u­late laser-wake­field ac­cel­er­a­tor-like beams. In a sec­ond stage a laser-plasma ac­cel­er­a­tor will be used as an in­jec­tor, which is being de­vel­oped as part of the ATHENA pro­ject in col­lab­o­ra­tion with DESY and Helmholtz In­sti­tute Jena (HIJ). With an en­ergy of 50 MeV and damp­ing times of sev­eral sec­onds, the elec­tron beam does not reach equi­lib­rium emit­tance. Fur­ther­more, the crit­i­cal fre­quency of syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion is 53 THz and in the same order as the bunch spec­trum, which im­plies that the en­tire bunch ra­di­ates co­her­ently. We per­form lon­gi­tu­di­nal par­ti­cle track­ing sim­u­la­tions to in­ves­ti­gate the evo­lu­tion of the bunch length and spec­trum as well as the emit­ted co­her­ent syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion. Fi­nally, dif­fer­ent op­tions for the RF sys­tem are dis­cussed.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB255  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 21 June 2021       issue date ※ 29 August 2021  
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TUPAB264 Shielding of CSR Wake in a Drift impedance, shielding, radiation, wakefield 2079
 
  • G. Stupakov
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by the Department of Energy, contract DE-AC03-76SF00515.
A one-di­men­sional model of co­her­ent syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion (CSR) wake­field de­vel­oped in Refs. [*,**] is used in com­puter codes for the sim­u­la­tion of rel­a­tivis­tic elec­tron beams. It in­cludes tran­sient ef­fects at the en­trance and exit from a bend­ing mag­net of fi­nite length. In the ul­tra-rel­a­tivis­tic limit, v=c, the exit CSR wake de­cays in­versely pro­por­tional to the dis­tance from the mag­net end. To cal­cu­late the total en­ergy loss of the beam one needs to in­te­grate this wake to in­fin­ity, but the in­te­gral di­verges. This means that one has to ei­ther drop the as­sump­tion of the in­fi­nite value of the Lorentz fac­tor or take into ac­count the shield­ing ef­fect of the metal walls in the vac­uum cham­ber. In prac­tice, the lat­ter ef­fect is often dom­i­nant. In this work, we de­rive for­mu­las for the CSR wake in the drift after an exit from the mag­net that in­cor­po­rates the shield­ing by two par­al­lel metal plates. They allow com­put­ing the en­ergy loss of dif­fer­ent par­ti­cles in the beam.
* E. L. Saldin, E. A. Schneidmiller, and M. V. Yurkov. NIMA v. 398, p. 373 (1997).
** G. Stupakov and P. Emma. In: Proceedings of 8th EPAC. Paris, France, 2002, p. 1479. 		 
poster icon Poster TUPAB264 [0.661 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB264  
About • paper received ※ 10 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 25 June 2021       issue date ※ 22 August 2021  
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TUPAB318 The Beamline Safety Interlock System of Taiwan Photon Source radiation, vacuum, photon, controls 2239
 
  • C.F. Chang, C.Y. Chang, C.Y. Liu, H.Y. Yan
    NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
  
  The en­ergy of syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion gen­er­ated by bremsstrahlung ra­di­a­tion and mag­net is rather high, which may cause se­ri­ous ra­di­a­tion dam­age to human body or even im­peril peo­ple’s life. The beam­line there­fore must be equipped with ra­di­a­tion-pro­tec­tion sys­tem; in ad­di­tion, the over­heat of op­ti­cal com­po­nents ex­posed to syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion will lead to the dam­age of op­ti­cal com­po­nents and de­vices. In con­se­quence, the beam­line should be fur­nished with the cool­ing-pro­tec­tion sys­tem to cool down op­ti­cal com­po­nents and de­vices. The Beam­line Safety In­ter­lock Sys­tem tar­gets at pro­tect­ing the per­son­nel and the safety of de­vices, lim­it­ing the ra­di­a­tion dose to a se­cu­rity value for ex­per­i­men­tal per­son­nel or staffs ex­pos­ing to ra­di­a­tion on the site as well as pre­vent­ing beam­line com­po­nents from being ex­posed to over­heat or vac­uum dam­ages to im­prove the ef­fec­tive­ness of beam­line.  
poster icon Poster TUPAB318 [3.440 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB318  
About • paper received ※ 09 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 10 June 2021       issue date ※ 31 August 2021  
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WEPAB002 The Interaction Region of the Electron-Ion Collider EIC electron, radiation, synchrotron, detector 2574
 
  • H. Witte, J. Adam, M. Anerella, E.C. Aschenauer, J.S. Berg, M. Blaskiewicz, A. Blednykh, W. Christie, J.P. Cozzolino, K.A. Drees, D.M. Gassner, K. Hamdi, C. Hetzel, H.M. Hocker, D. Holmes, A. Jentsch, A. Kiselev, P. Kovach, H. Lovelace III, Y. Luo, G.J. Mahler, A. Marone, G.T. McIntyre, C. Montag, R.B. Palmer, B. Parker, S. Peggs, S.R. Plate, V. Ptitsyn, G. Robert-Demolaize, C.E. Runyan, J. Schmalzle, K.S. Smith, S. Tepikian, P. Thieberger, J.E. Tuozzolo, F.J. Willeke, Q. Wu, Z. Zhang
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
  • B.R. Gamage, T.J. Michalski, V.S. Morozov, M.L. Stutzman, W. Wittmer
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  • M.K. Sullivan
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
This paper pre­sents an overview of the In­ter­ac­tion Re­gion (IR) de­sign for the planned Elec­tron-Ion Col­lider (EIC) at Brookhaven Na­tional Lab­o­ra­tory. The IR is de­signed to meet the re­quire­ments of the nu­clear physics com­mu­nity *. The IR de­sign fea­tures a ±4.5 m free space for the de­tec­tor; a for­ward spec­trom­e­ter mag­net is used for the de­tec­tion of hadrons scat­tered under small an­gles. The hadrons are sep­a­rated from the neu­trons al­low­ing de­tec­tion of neu­trons up to ±4 mrad. On the rear side, the elec­trons are sep­a­rated from pho­tons using a weak di­pole mag­net for the lu­mi­nos­ity mon­i­tor and to de­tect scat­tered elec­trons (e-tag­ger). To avoid syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion back­grounds in the de­tec­tor no strong elec­tron bend­ing mag­net is placed within 40 m up­stream of the IP. The mag­net aper­tures on the rear side are large enough to allow syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion to pass through the mag­nets. The beam pipe has been op­ti­mized to re­duce the im­ped­ance; the total power loss in the cen­tral vac­uum cham­ber is ex­pected to be less than 90 W. To re­duce risk and cost the IR is de­signed to em­ploy stan­dard NbTi su­per­con­duct­ing mag­nets, which are de­scribed in a sep­a­rate paper.
* An Assessment of U.S.-Based Electron-Ion Collider Science. (2018). Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/25171
 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB002  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 25 June 2021       issue date ※ 31 August 2021  
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WEPAB234 Simulating Two Dimensional Coherent Synchrotron Radiation in Python emittance, simulation, radiation, electron 3177
 
  • W. Lou, Y. Cai, C.E. Mayes, G.R. White
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  
  Co­her­ent Syn­chro­tron Ra­di­a­tion (CSR) in bend­ing mag­nets poses an im­por­tant limit for elec­tron beams to reach high bright­ness in novel ac­cel­er­a­tors. While the lon­gi­tu­di­nal wake­field has been well stud­ied in one-di­men­sional CSR the­ory and im­ple­mented in var­i­ous sim­u­la­tion codes, trans­verse wake­fields have re­ceived less at­ten­tion. Fol­low­ing the re­cently de­vel­oped two-di­men­sional CSR the­ory, we de­vel­oped a Python code sim­u­lat­ing the steady-state two-di­men­sional CSR ef­fects. The com­puted CSR wakes have been bench­marked with the­ory and other sim­u­la­tion codes. To speed up com­pu­ta­tion speed, the code ap­plies vec­tor­iza­tion, par­al­lel pro­cess­ing, and Numba in Python.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB234  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 01 July 2021       issue date ※ 20 August 2021  
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WEPAB240 Increasing the Single-Bunch Instability Threshold by Bunch Splitting Due to RF Phase Modulation synchrotron, radiation, detector, electron 3193
 
  • J.L. Steinmann, E. Blomley, M. Brosi, E. Bründermann, A. Mochihashi, A.-S. Müller, M. Schuh, P. Schönfeldt
    KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
  
  Funding: This work is funded by the BMBF contract number: 05K16VKA.
RF phase mod­u­la­tion at twice the syn­chro­tron fre­quency can be used to split a stored elec­tron bunch into two or more bunch­lets or­bit­ing each other. We re­port on time-re­solved mea­sure­ments at the Karl­sruhe Re­search Ac­cel­er­a­tor (KARA), where this bunch split­ting was used to in­crease the thresh­old cur­rent of the mi­crobunch­ing in­sta­bil­ity, hap­pen­ing in the short-bunch op­er­a­tion mode. Turn­ing the mod­u­la­tion on and off re­pro­ducibly af­fects the saw­tooth be­hav­ior of the emit­ted co­her­ent syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB240  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 08 July 2021       issue date ※ 18 August 2021  
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THXA05 A Fast Method of 2D Calculation of Coherent Synchrotron Radiation Wakefield in Relativistic Beams radiation, electron, dipole, synchrotron 3696
 
  • J. Tang, Z. Huang, G. Stupakov
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  
  Co­her­ent Syn­chro­tron Ra­di­a­tion (CSR) is re­garded as one of the most im­por­tant rea­sons that limit beam bright­ness in mod­ern ac­cel­er­a­tors. CSR wake­field is often com­puted in a 1D as­sum­ing a line charge, which can be­come in­valid when the beam has a large trans­verse ex­ten­sion and small bunch length. On the other hand, the ex­ist­ing 2D or 3D codes are often com­pu­ta­tion­ally in­ef­fi­cient or in­com­plete. In our pre­vi­ous work * we de­vel­oped a new model for fast com­pu­ta­tion of 2D CSR wake­field in rel­a­tivis­tic beams with Gauss­ian dis­tri­b­u­tion. Here we fur­ther gen­er­al­ize this model to achieve self-con­sis­tent com­pu­ta­tion com­pat­i­ble with ar­bi­trary beam dis­tri­b­u­tion and non­lin­ear mag­netic lat­tice with par­ti­cle track­ing. These new fea­tures can en­able us to per­form re­al­is­tic sim­u­la­tions and study the physics of CSR be­yond 1D in elec­tron beams with ex­treme short bunch length and high peak cur­rent.
* J. Tang and G. Stupakov. NAPAC2019, paper WEPLS09 (2019). 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THXA05  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 20 July 2021       issue date ※ 21 August 2021  
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THPAB065 Experimental Verification of the Source of Excessive Helical SCU Heat Load at APS vacuum, radiation, photon, synchrotron 3904
 
  • V. Sajaev, J.C. Dooling, K.C. Harkay
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
Im­me­di­ately after the in­stal­la­tion of the He­li­cal su­per­con­duct­ing un­du­la­tor (HSCU) in the APS stor­age ring, higher than ex­pected heat­ing was ob­served in the cryo­genic cool­ing sys­tem. Steer­ing the elec­tron beam orbit in the up­stream di­pole re­duced the amount of syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion reach­ing into the HSCU and al­lowed the de­vice to prop­erly cool and op­er­ate. The sim­plest ex­pla­na­tion of the ex­ces­sive heat load was higher than ex­pected heat trans­fer from the vac­uum cham­ber to the mag­net coils. How­ever, mod­el­ing of the syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion in­ter­ac­tion with the HSCU vac­uum cham­ber showed that Comp­ton scat­ter­ing could also re­sult in syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion pen­e­trat­ing the vac­uum cham­ber and de­posit­ing en­ergy di­rectly into the HSCU coils**. In this paper, we pre­sent ex­per­i­men­tal ev­i­dence that the ex­ces­sive heat load of the HSCU coils is not caused by the heat trans­fer from the vac­uum cham­ber but re­sulted from the syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion pen­e­trat­ing the vac­uum cham­ber.
* M. Kasa et. al., Phys. Rev. AB, v. 23 050701 (2020)
** J. Dooling et. al., IPAC 2019 Proc., THPTS093 (2019) 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB065  
About • paper received ※ 12 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 September 2021       issue date ※ 16 August 2021  
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THPAB079 Design Study on Beam Size Measurement System Using SR Interferometry for Low Beam Current electron, synchrotron, radiation, storage-ring 3949
 
  • W. Li, P. Liu, Y.K. Wu, J. Yan
    FEL/Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
  
  Funding: This work is supported in part by the US DOE grant no. DE-FG02-97ER41033.
To en­able re­li­able mea­sure­ments of the small ver­ti­cal size of the elec­tron beam in the Duke stor­age ring, a mea­sure­ment sys­tem is being de­vel­oped using syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion in­ter­fer­om­e­try (SRI). By re­lat­ing the trans­verse beam size to the trans­verse spa­tial co­her­ence of syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion from a di­pole mag­net ac­cord­ing to the Van Cit­tert-Zernike the­o­rem, the trans­verse beam size can be in­ferred by record­ing and fit­ting the in­ter­fer­ence fringe as a func­tion of the char­ac­ter­is­tic fea­tures of the in­ter­fer­ence fil­ter used. In this paper, we de­scribe the pre­lim­i­nary de­sign of such a mea­sure­ment sys­tem and pre­sent de­sign con­sid­er­a­tions to make it pos­si­ble to mea­sure the elec­tron beam ver­ti­cal size for a wide range of elec­tron beam en­er­gies and cur­rents. Es­pe­cially this sys­tem will be op­ti­mized to mea­sure the elec­tron beam size for low cur­rent op­er­a­tion down to 50 to 100~μA. This beam size mea­sure­ment sys­tem will be used as an im­por­tant beam di­ag­nos­tic for the in­tra­beam scat­ter­ing re­search at the Duke stor­age ring. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB079  
About • paper received ※ 27 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 12 July 2021       issue date ※ 28 August 2021  
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THPAB209 Tracking Complex Re-Circulating Machines with PLACET2 wakefield, radiation, electron, synchrotron 4197
 
  • R.A.J. Costa, A. Latina
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  We pre­sent the lat­est ver­sion of the multi-par­ti­cle track­ing pack­age PLACET2. This soft­ware was de­signed to track mul­ti­ple elec­tron bunches through re-cir­cu­lat­ing ma­chines with com­plex topolo­gies, such as the re­com­bi­na­tion com­plex of the Com­pact Lin­ear Col­lider (CLIC), en­ergy-re­cov­ery linacs such as the Large Hadron-Elec­tron Col­lider (LHeC), race­tracks and oth­ers. This up­date also ex­pands the ca­pa­bil­i­ties of PLACET2 to track heav­ier par­ti­cles such as muons. In ad­di­tion to sim­u­la­tion, PLACET2 was also de­vel­oped to allow beam­line op­ti­miza­tion scans, eval­u­at­ing beam prop­er­ties and tun­ing the beam­line pa­ra­me­ters at run­time ei­ther stand­alone or ac­cess­ing the op­ti­miza­tion tools pre­sent in the Oc­tave and Python pack­ages, with which it in­ter­faces. This paper pre­sents and bench­marks PLACET2’s lat­est fea­tures, such as co­her­ent and in­co­her­ent syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion, long and short wake­fields and power ex­trac­tion.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB209  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 13 July 2021       issue date ※ 27 August 2021  
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THPAB300 Structure Design and Motion Analysis of 6-DOF Sample Positioning Platform controls, radiation, GUI, synchrotron 4387
 
  • G.Y. Wang, J.X. Chen, L. Liu, R.H. Liu, C.J. Ning, A.X. Wang, J.B. Yu, Y.J. Yu, J.S. Zhang
    IHEP CSNS, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
  • L. Kang
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  
  with the de­vel­op­ment of syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion (SR) light source tech­nol­ogy, in order to meet the re­quire­ments of sam­ple po­si­tion­ing plat­form of some beam­line sta­tions, such as ad­just­ing res­o­lu­tion at the nanome­ter level and hav­ing larger sam­ple scan­ning dis­tance, a six de­gree of free­dom po­si­tion­ing plat­form based on space­fab struc­ture was de­vel­oped. The key tech­nolo­gies such as co­or­di­nate pa­ra­me­ter trans­for­ma­tion, kine­mat­ics analy­sis, and ad­just­ment de­cou­pling al­go­rithm of 6-DOF pose ad­just­ment sys­tem of Space­FAB po­si­tion­ing plat­form are mainly stud­ied. A 6-DOF plat­form dri­ven by a step­ping motor is de­signed and man­u­fac­tured. The con­trol sys­tem of the 6-DOF Plat­form Based on bus con­trol is de­vel­oped, and the ad­just­ment ac­cu­racy is tested. The re­peated po­si­tion­ing ac­cu­racy of the plat­form in three di­rec­tions is 0.019 mm, and that of ro­ta­tion is 0.011 ° in three di­rec­tions. The test re­sults ver­ify the cor­rect­ness of the the­o­ret­i­cal analy­sis of Space­FAB struc­ture and the ra­tio­nal­ity of mech­a­nism de­sign. The re­search on the plat­form mo­tion al­go­rithm and con­trol sys­tem has im­por­tant ref­er­ence value for the fol­low-up re­search of large stroke nano-6-dof po­si­tion­ing plat­form.  
poster icon Poster THPAB300 [1.517 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB300  
About • paper received ※ 16 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 06 July 2021       issue date ※ 02 September 2021  
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