Keyword: neutron
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MOPAB031 Development and Operation of Vacuum System for Rapid Cycling Synchrotron to Target Beam Transfer Line of China Spallation Neutron Source vacuum, target, operation, proton 145
 
  • J.M. Liu, Y.H. Guan, S.M. Liu, B. Tan, P.C. Wang
    DNSC, Dongguan, People’s Republic of China
  • H. Dong
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  • H.Y. He, T. Huang
    IHEP CSNS, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
  
  China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) is a major scientific project during the National Eleventh Five-Year Plan. It consists of a negative hydrogen ion linear accelerator, a rapid cycling synchrotron ( RCS), a linac to RCS beam transfer line (LRBT), an RCS to target beam transfer line (RTBT), and a target station. As an important part of CSNS, the RTBT connects the rapid cycling synchrotron and the target window. This paper described the design requirements, technical solutions, and operating conditions of the vacuum system for the CSNS RCS to target beam transfer line. In addition, the fast valve protection system and its verification results were also expounded. The CSNS has been in operation for over three years, during this period, the beam power has been gradually improved from 10KW to 100KW, and the vacuum system for RTBT has been operating stably.  
poster icon Poster MOPAB031 [0.581 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB031  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 24 May 2021       issue date ※ 25 August 2021  
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MOPAB123 Radiation Safety Considerations For The APS Upgrade Injector radiation, booster, survey, shielding 445
 
  • K.C. Harkay, J.R. Calvey, S. Chitra, G.I. Fystro, M.J. Henry, E.E. Heyeck, B.J. Micklich, K.P. Wootton
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
The Advanced Photon Source Upgrade (APS-U) is a high-performance fourth-generation storage ring light source based on multibend achromat optics. As such, APS-U will require on-axis injection. The injectors will need to supply full-current bunch replacement in the ring; therefore, the injected bunch charge will be up to five times higher than what is typical for APS. A program was conducted to measure the radiation dose above the injector transport line to the APS storage ring for both normal operation conditions and controlled loss scenarios. Standard survey meters were used to record the dose. A review of the dose data identified opportunities to minimize the potential dose under normal APS-U high charge operation and fault conditions; these include improving the supplemental shielding and adding engineered controls. In addition, the dose data provide a benchmark for evaluating new radiation monitors for APS-U. 		 
poster icon Poster MOPAB123 [1.317 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB123  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 24 May 2021       issue date ※ 12 August 2021  
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MOPAB198 Study on Magnet Sorting of the CSNS/RCS Dipoles dipole, closed-orbit, MMI, controls 665
 
  • Y. Li, Y.W. An
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  • Z.P. Li, S.Y. Xu
    DNSC, Dongguan, People’s Republic of China
  
  The 1.6GeV rapid cycling synchrotron (RCS) of the China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) is a high-power pulsed proton machine aiming for 500kW output beam power. Now, the routine output beam power has been increased to 100kW. However, the horizontal bare orbit in the ring is large (15mm) and the number of correctors is small, which brings great challenges to the ramp-up of beam power. It is found that the bare orbit in AC mode is 3-4mm larger than that in DC mode. The reason is that the AC dipoles field error is larger than DC dipoles field error. Therefore, it is proposed to sort dipoles again according to the AC dipoles field error. In order to reduce the risk of beam commissioning, fewer magnets should to be moved to achieve smaller orbit. The best results of moving two to six magnets were calculated. After sorting, the orbit can be reduced by 3-4mm, which reduces the difficulty of orbit correction.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB198  
About • paper received ※ 16 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 21 May 2021       issue date ※ 14 August 2021  
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MOPAB200 Parameters Measurements of Proton Beam Extracted from CSNS/RCS emittance, target, MMI, extraction 668
 
  • Z.P. Li, Y.W. An, M.Y. Huang
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  • Y. Li, S.Y. Xu
    DNSC, Dongguan, People’s Republic of China
  • H.Y. Liu
    IHEP CSNS, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
  
  In order to study the emittance evolution of the circulating beam in the fast-cycling synchrotron (RCS) of the Chinese Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS), parameter measurements of the beam extracted at different times were carried out. The measurements were mainly based on wire-scanners mounted in RCS to target transport line (RTBT) for beam profile measurement, and different methods were applied in the solution processes. The emittance and C.S parameters of the extracted beam at different times were obtained and studied, which provided an important reference basis for the beam commissioning of RCS. The beam envelope along the RTBT has been matched and re-measured, which was in good agreement with the design optics.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB200  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 21 May 2021       issue date ※ 25 August 2021  
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MOPAB299 STRUCTURAL OPTIMIZATION DESIGN OF FARADAY CUP FOR BEAM COMMISSIONING OF CSNS target, MMI, proton, linac 943
 
  • A.X. Wang, L. Kang, M. Meng, J.L. Sun
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  • J.X. Chen, H.Y. He, L. Liu, R.H. Liu, X.J. Nie, C.J. Ning, R.Y. Qiu, G.Y. Wang, T. Yang, J.B. Yu, Y.J. Yu, J.S. Zhang, D.H. Zhu
    IHEP CSNS, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
  
  Faraday cup is used to absorb and stop the beam during the two phases of beam commissioning, such as the front end (FE) system and the temporary line after the drift tube linac (DTL) at the Chinese Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS). According to the beam physical parameters, graphite is selected to stop the beam directly, and oxygen-free copper which is just behind the graphite as the thermal conductive material. By the analysis and comparison of the target type and cooling efficiency, the single slant target is adopted. The incident angle between the target surface and the beam is set as 10°, meanwhile a new waterfall type water-cooling structure with parallel tunnels is designed to improve the cooling efficiency. The finite element software ANSYS is used for thermal analysis of the model, by which the diameter and interval of water cooling tunnels are optimized. The faraday cup discussed in this paper is finally successfully installed in the beam commissioning line and went well.  
poster icon Poster MOPAB299 [1.113 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB299  
About • paper received ※ 13 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 08 July 2021       issue date ※ 19 August 2021  
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MOPAB326 Maximum Entropy Reconstruction of 4D Transverse Phase Space from 2D Projections: with Application to Laser Wire Measurements in the SNS HEBT laser, emittance, coupling, linac 1008
 
  • C.Y. Wong, A.P. Shishlo
    ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  
  We employ the principle of maximum entropy (MENT) to reconstruct 4D transverse phase space from its 2D projections. Emittance devices commonly measure two specific 2D projections, i.e. the horizontal and vertical phase space distributions. We show that: 1) given only these two 2D projections, their product is the analytic MENT solution to the 4D distribution; and 2) additional 2D projections provide information on inter-plane coupling in the MENT reconstruction of the 4D phase space which can be solved numerically. At the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS), laser wires in the high energy beam transport (HEBT) enable non-invasive two-slit type transverse phase space measurements. Laser wires play the role of the first slit whereas physical wires downstream of a drift act as the second slit. We reconstruct the 4D phase space in the HEBT using all four horizontal/vertical permutations of the two slits where: 1) the two configurations with parallel slits constitute ordinary 2D phase space measurements in either plane; and 2) the two configurations with perpendicular slits carry coupling information.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB326  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 19 July 2021       issue date ※ 17 August 2021  
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MOPAB400 Development of Helium Vessel Welding Process for SNS PPU Cavities cavity, proton, cryomodule, accelerating-gradient 1212
 
  • P. Dhakal, E. Daly, G.K. Davis, J.F. Fischer, N.A. Huque, K. Macha, P.D. Owen, K.M. Wilson, M. Wiseman
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  
  Funding: This manuscript has been authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177.
The Spallation Neutron Source Proton Power Upgrade cavities are produced by Research Instrument with all the cavity processing done at vendor sites with final chemistry applied to the cavity to be electropolishing. Cavities are delivered to Jefferson Lab, ready to be tested. One of the tasks to be completed before the arrival of production-ready PPU cavities is to develop a robust helium vessel welding protocol. We have successfully developed the process and applied it to three six-cell high beta cavities. Here, we present the summary of RF results, welding process development, and post helium vessel RF results. 		 
poster icon Poster MOPAB400 [1.313 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB400  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 26 May 2021       issue date ※ 01 September 2021  
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MOPAB416 BDSIM Developments for Hadron Therapy Centre Applications proton, simulation, radiation, shielding 1252
 
  • E. Ramoisiaux, E. Gnacadja, C. Hernalsteens, N. Pauly, R. Tesse, M. Vanwelde
    ULB, Bruxelles, Belgium
  • S.T. Boogert, L.J. Nevay
    Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, United Kingdom
  • C. Hernalsteens
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • W. Shields
    JAI, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom
  
  Hadron therapy centres are evolving towards reduced-footprint layouts, often featuring a single treatment room. The evaluation of beam properties, radiation protection quantities, and concrete shielding activation via numerical simulations poses new challenges that can be tackled using the numerical beam transport and Monte-Carlo code Beam Delivery Simulation (BDSIM), allowing a seamless simulation of the dynamics as a whole. Specific developments have been carried out in BDSIM to advance its efficiency toward such applications, and a detailed 4D Monte-Carlo scoring mechanism has been implemented. It produces tallies such as the spatial-energy differential fluence in arbitrary scoring meshes. The feature makes use of the generic boost::histogram library and allows an event-by-event serialisation and storage in the ROOT data format. The pyg4ometry library is extended to improve the visualisation of critical features such as the complex geometries of BDSIM models, the beam tracks, and the scored quantities. Data are converted from Geant4 and ROOT to a 3D visualisation using the VTK framework. These features are applied to a complete IBA Proteus One model.  
poster icon Poster MOPAB416 [1.575 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB416  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 12 July 2021       issue date ※ 15 August 2021  
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TUPAB101 Monte Carlo Simulations and Neutron and Gamma Fluence Measurements to Investigate Stray Radiation in the European XFEL Undulator System undulator, electron, radiation, simulation 1615
 
  • O.E. Falowska-Pietrzak, A. Hedqvist, F. Hellberg
    Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
  • N. Bassler
    DCPT, Aarhus N, Denmark
  • A. Leuschner, D. Nölle
    DESY, Hamburg, Germany
  • F. Wolff-Fabris
    EuXFEL, Schenefeld, Germany
  
  The European X-ray Free Electron Laser (XFEL) is an user facility research centre generating extremely bright and ultra-short SASE x-ray pulses. The laser flashes are generated when electrons of GeV energies pass the undulator systems. Even if the dominating contribution of the radiation field in the undulator is from spontaneous undulator radiation, also electron losses can be observed, e.g. during beam steering or due to beam halo, not captured by the upstream collimation system. The interactions of those particles with the vacuum vessel wall result in the emission of stray radiation. The LB 6419 detector allows to measure both the neutron and the gamma component in the pulsed radiation fields nearby the undulators*. Usually, the real-time measurements show the dominance of the gamma signals. However, in case of particle loss occurs, a neutron signal is observed. In addition, Monte Carlo (MC) simulations conducted using the Geant4 code indicate that neutrons are also present within the undulator’s magnets volume. In this work, we present the LB 6419 measurement data and compare these to our MC simulations, to characterize the radiation field nearby the undulator segment.
* KLETT, A., LEUSCHNER, A., TESCH, N., A dose meter for pulsed neutron fields, Radiat Meas 45 (2010) 1242-1244 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB101  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 June 2021       issue date ※ 18 August 2021  
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TUPAB186 Longitudinal Dynamics in the Prototype vFFA Ring for ISIS2 acceleration, extraction, bunching, injection 1834
 
  • D.J. Kelliher, J.-B. Lagrange, S. Machida, C.R. Prior, C.T. Rogers
    STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
  • A.P. Letchford, J. Pasternak
    STFC/RAL, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
  • J. Pasternak
    Imperial College of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
  • E. Yamakawa
    JAI, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom
  
  A vertical Fixed Field Accelerator (vFFA) is a candidate for a future high-power (MW-class) spallation source at ISIS. In order to assess the feasibility of this novel ring, a prototype is currently being designed. Here we consider the longitudinal dynamics in the prototype ring. A key requirement of future neutron spallation sources is flexibility of operation to best serve multiple target stations. Beam stacking allows a rapid cycling, high intensity machine to operate at lower repetition rates but with higher peak output. Here we show how beam stacking can be realised in the vFFA while minimising the peak RF voltage required.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB186  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 17 June 2021       issue date ※ 23 August 2021  
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TUPAB193 Operation and Maintenance of Chinese Spallation Neutron Source Stripper Foil operation, injection, radiation, site 1858
 
  • J.X. Chen, X.J. Nie, A.X. Wang, Y.J. Yu
    IHEP CSNS, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
  • L. Kang, L. Liu
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  • J.B. Yu
    DNSC, Dongguan, People’s Republic of China
  
  Funding: The project is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.11975253) and Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (Grant No.2018A030313959)
The stripper foil system is the essential equipment of the spallation neutron source to achieve negative hydrogen injection. More than 99% of negative hydrogen ions complete the charge stripper in the primary stripper foil during the injection process. The remaining ions will lead to the in-dump after the secondary foil or absorbed by the negative hydrogen scraper. This paper introduces some work records of operation and maintenance of stripper foil system.
stripper foil, maintenance, operation 		 
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DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB193  
About • paper received ※ 12 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 11 June 2021       issue date ※ 21 August 2021  
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TUPAB195 Local Orbit Correction Application for CSNS-RCS High Intensity Commissioning MMI, controls, optics, resonance 1865
 
  • Y.W. An, Y. Li, S.Y. Xu, Y. Yuan
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  • M.T. Li
    IHEP CSNS, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
  
  The China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) is a high intensity hadron pulse facility which achieved the design goal in March, 2020. The Rapid Cycling Synchrotron (RCS) is the important part of the CSNS which accelerates the proton beam from 80MeV to 1.6GeV. During the high intensity commissioning of the RCS, an local orbit correction application was developed. Because of the good performance of the local orbit controlling at the ramping stage, the beam loss was optimized effectively in the process of the acceleration. In the paper, the efficiency of the beam loss optimization during the acceleration is given and the future plans were proposed.  
poster icon Poster TUPAB195 [2.279 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB195  
About • paper received ※ 13 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 17 June 2021       issue date ※ 01 September 2021  
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TUPAB204 Upgrade of Los Alamos Accelerator Facility as a Fusion Prototypic Neutron Source target, radiation, linac, proton 1890
 
  • Y.K. Batygin, E.J. Pitcher
    LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by US DOE under contract 89233218CNA000001
The Fusion Prototypic Neutron Source (FPNS) is considered to be a testbed for scientific understanding of material degradation in future nuclear fusion reactors. The primary mission of FPNS is to provide a damage rate in samples of 8-11 dpa/calendar year with He/dpa ratio of 10 appm in irradiation volume of 50 cubic cm or larger with irradiation temperature 300-1000 deg C and flux gradient less than 20%/cm in the plane of the sample. Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE) is an attractive candidate for FPNS project. Accelerator Facility was designed and operated for an extended period as a 0.8-MW Meson Factory. Existing setup of the LANSCE accelerator complex can nearly fulfill requirements of the fusion neutron source station. The primary function of the upgraded accelerator systems is the safe and reliable delivery of a 1.25-mA continuous proton beam current at 800-MeV beam energy from the switchyard to the target assembly to create 1 MW power of proton beam interacting with a solid tungsten target. The present study describes existing accelerator setup and further development required to meet the needs of FPNS project. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB204  
About • paper received ※ 14 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 June 2021       issue date ※ 21 August 2021  
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TUPAB205 Advancement of LANSCE Front End Accelerator Facility rfq, DTL, proton, linac 1894
 
  • Y.K. Batygin, D. Gorelov, S.S. Kurennoy, J.W. Lewellen, N.A. Moody, L. Rybarcyk
    LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by US DOE under contract 89233218CNA000001
The LANSCE accelerator started routine operation in 1972 as a high-power facility for fundamental research and national security applications. To reduce long-term operational risk, we propose to develop a new Front End of accelerator facility. It contains 100-keV injector with 3-MeV RFQ, and 6-tanks Drift Tube Linac to accelerate particles up to energy of 100 MeV. The low-energy injector concept includes two independent transports merging H+ and H− beams at the entrance of RFQ. Beamlines are aimed to perform preliminary beam bunching in front of accelerator section with subsequent simultaneous acceleration of two different beams in a single RFQ. The paper discusses design topics of new Front End of accelerator facility. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB205  
About • paper received ※ 12 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 28 May 2021       issue date ※ 14 August 2021  
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TUPAB262 The Characteristic of the Beam Position Growth in CSNS/RCS proton, MMI, impedance, synchrotron 2073
 
  • L. Huang, S. Wang
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  • S.Y. Xu
    DNSC, Dongguan, People’s Republic of China
  
  Funding: Work supported by NNSF of China: N0. U1832210
An instability of the beam position growth is observed in the beam commissioning of the Rapid Cycling Synchrotron of the China Spallation Neutron Source. To simplify the study, a series of measurements have been performed to characterize the instability in the DC mode with consistent energy of 80 MeV. The measurement campaign is introduced in the paper and it conforms to the characteristics of the coupled bunch instability. 		 
poster icon Poster TUPAB262 [3.748 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB262  
About • paper received ※ 13 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 June 2021       issue date ※ 22 August 2021  
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TUPAB315 Development of Disaster Prevention System for Accelerator Tunnel radiation, operation, network, real-time 2228
 
  • K. Ishii, K. Bessho, M. Yoshioka
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  • Y. Kawabata, H. Matsuda, K. Matsumoto
    Tobishima Corp., Tokyo, Japan
  • S. Tagashira
    Kansai University, Osaka, Japan
  • N. Yamamoto
    J-PARC, KEK & JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan
  
  Funding: This work is supported by Health Labor Sciences Research Grant of Japan
In an enclosed space such as a particle accelerator tunnel, ensuring worker safety during a disaster is an issue of critical importance. It is necessary to have a system in which the manager can know from outside the tunnel whether there is any worker left behind and whether the worker is escaping in the right direction. Because a global positioning system (GPS) is not available in the tunnel, we are developing a disaster prevention system that uses Wi-Fi to transmit the positioning of workers and two-way communication. The Wi-Fi access point (AP) installed in the tunnel should be radiation resistant. Additionally, the equipment carried by the worker is convenient and easy to carry. We tested the radiation hardness of commercial AP devices and developed a smartphone application to perform location information transmission and simultaneous character transmission. In 2019, we installed the system on the J-PARC Main Ring and started its operation. In this paper, the functions of the developed system and its prospects are described. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB315  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 10 June 2021       issue date ※ 25 August 2021  
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TUPAB317 Benchmarking of the Radiation Environment Simulations for CMS Experiment at LHC radiation, simulation, detector, experiment 2235
 
  • I.L. Azhgirey, I.A. Kurochkin, A.D. Riabchikova
    IHEP, Moscow Region, Russia
  • D. Bozzato, A.E. Dabrowski, P. Kicsiny, S. Mallows, J. Wanczyk
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  Radiation Simulations group of the Beam Radiation Instrumentation and Luminosity Project of the CMS experiment provide for CMS radiation environment and radiation effects simulation and benchmarking of these calculations with CMS data and other data from LHC measuring devices. We present some results of such benchmarking and the reliability analysis of the simulation procedures for radiation environment calculations at the LHC.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB317  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 16 June 2021       issue date ※ 29 August 2021  
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TUPAB323 Modular Type Quick Splicing Method for TPS Beamline Radiation Shielding Hutch radiation, shielding, synchrotron, scattering 2252
 
  • C.Y. Chang, C.H. Chang, S.H. Chang, C.L. Chen, Y.C. Lin, J.C. Liu, D.G. Liu, H.Y. Yan
    NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
  
  The synchrotron light source is transported to the experimental station through a beamline with specified optics, such as mask, mirror, slit, monochromator. Generally, standard beamline should use solid materials (stainless steel, tungsten, lead, and PE) to block bremsstrahlung and synchrotron radiations, even the neutron. The radiation-shielded hutch surrounds the peripheral area of the beamline with iron and lead panels. It requires blocking the scattering radiation to protect the person against radiation hazards. A modularized radiation shielding hutch includes the frame, wall, and ceiling cover that can assemble on-site through splicing. This method could greatly shorten the installation. Besides, we designed the modular ceiling cover units with a quick mounting/opening function to easily enable the maintenance and installation of large optical components. The details of the concept design for the fixed-point radiation shielding hutch in the TPS beamline are also reported that includes the configurations of the radiation shielding wall panels, frames, and pipes/cables arrangements.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB323  
About • paper received ※ 13 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 10 June 2021       issue date ※ 21 August 2021  
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TUPAB324 Real-Time Radiation Monitoring System with Interlock Protection Mechanism in Taiwan Photon Source radiation, monitoring, synchrotron, electron 2256
 
  • Y.C. Lin, A.Y. Chen, C.-R. Chen, S.J. Huang, S.P. Kao, S.Y. Lin, J.C. Liu, P.J. Wen
    NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
  
  To ensure radiation safety for personnel working in the facility, the Radiation and Operation Safety Division has installed a real-time radiation monitoring system in the working area to monitor gamma rays and neutrons, for which the annual dosage limit is designed to be less than 1 mSv/year. Considering 2000 working hours for users and staff members, we have derived a control dose rate limit 2 µSv/4h for interlock protection. If the accumulated radiation dose monitored with the system exceeds 2µSv within a 4-h counting interval, the radiation monitoring station sends a signal to the interlock system to stop injection until the next counting period interval. This paper introduces the radiation monitoring system and its related design information in Taiwan Photon Source.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB324  
About • paper received ※ 14 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 21 June 2021       issue date ※ 27 August 2021  
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TUPAB328 Machine Learning for Time Series Prediction of an Accelerator Beam to Recognize Equipment Malfunction cavity, SRF, linac, ion-source 2272
 
  • C.C. Peters
    ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  • W. Blokland, D.L. Brown, F. Liu, C.D. Long, D. Lu, P. Ramuhalli, D.E. Womble, J. Zhang, A.P. Zhukov
    ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  
  Funding: ORNL is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05- 00OR22725 for the U.S. Department of Energy.
The Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) is an accelerator based pulsed neutron source based on a 1 GeV pulsed proton Superconducting Radio Frequency (SRF) linear accelerator (linac). Since beginning high power beam operation in 2006 correlations have been found linking abrupt beam loss events to SRF cavity instabilities. With the planned upgrades to double the beam power we expect increased rates of degradation and the importance of minimizing these beam loss events will become ever more important. To further limit degradation, we are developing machine learning approaches to monitor the beam and to detect, predict and prevent beam loss events. Initial research has shown that precursors to beam loss events are detectable. The initial steps are to use ML-based classification to recognize anomalies and to use Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) autoencoders to predict beam loss. In this paper, we describe recent progress in applying machine learning for recognizing anomalies and predicting beam loss and present initial results of our research using acquired data from different diagnostics and the Machine Protection System (MPS). 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB328  
About • paper received ※ 23 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 28 May 2021       issue date ※ 15 August 2021  
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TUPAB388 Efficiency, Power Loss, and Power Factor Measurement of Quadrupole Magnet Power Supplies at the Spallation Neutron Source power-supply, linac, controls, quadrupole 2428
 
  • S. Harave
    ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  • B. Morris
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  
  The linear accelerator (LINAC) quadrupole magnets are powered by 42 silicon-controlled rectifier (SCR) based power supplies at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) facility of Oak Ridge National Laboratory. These 35V, 525A power supplies are bulky, inefficient and require both air and water cooling. The reliability of the SNS facility is impacted due to water leaks internal to power supplies and current readback issues associated with their unique control system interface, resulting in multiple downtime events. Hence, an alternate solution is necessary for the continued reliable operation of the SNS. To mitigate the above-mentioned problems, this paper proposes the use of off-the-shelf Switch Mode Power Supplies (SMPS) rated for 20V, 500A with serial control interface. These SMPS are air-cooled, more efficient and more compact owing to their switching speeds of approximately 160 kHz. The performance enhancements of the SMPS in comparison with the existing SCR power supply are discussed in detail in this paper. The features of the SMPS, along with experimental results for both power supplies, like efficiency, power losses and stability, are presented. Ongoing work is also discussed.  
poster icon Poster TUPAB388 [0.420 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB388  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 31 May 2021       issue date ※ 17 August 2021  
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TUPAB398 Vacuum Issues with Argon Gas in the LANSCE Accelerator vacuum, linac, monitoring, operation 2450
 
  • T. Tajima, J.E. Bernal, D.A. Byers, J.P. Chamberlin, P. Pizzol, A. Poudel, K.A. Stephens
    LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
  
  Funding: US DOE NNSA
In the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE) accelerator, there are about 220 500-L/s ion pumps running all the time. The oldest pumps recorded in the current system were installed in 1983. All the ion pumps are diode type ion pumps. In 2017, we started to suffer from ion pumps trips in an accelerator module 15 (M15) that includes 3 500-L/s ion pumps and they caused beam down times of the accelerator during the production run cycles. This paper reports the details of these trips, how we found it was argon gas that was causing the trips and how we tried to reduce it. 		 
poster icon Poster TUPAB398 [0.817 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB398  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 01 June 2021       issue date ※ 28 August 2021  
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TUPAB404 Monte Carlo Studies for Shielding Design for High Energy Linac for Medical Isotope Generation shielding, photon, radiation, target 2469
 
  • N. Upadhyay, S. Chacko
    University of Mumbai, Mumbai, India
  • A.P. Deshpande, T.S. Dixit, P.S. Jadhav, R. Krishnan
    SAMEER, Mumbai, India
  
  The widely used radioactive tracer Technetium-99m (99mTc) is traditionally produced from Uranium via 235U (n, f) 99Mo reactions which depends heavily on nuclear reactors. Design studies for an alternative, cleaner approach for radioisotope generation using a high energy electron linac were initiated at SAMEER to generate 99Mo. The electron beam from a 30 MeV linac with an average current of 350 µA will be bombarded on a convertor target to produce X-rays which will be bombarded on enriched 100Mo target to produce 99Mo via (g, n) reaction. 99mTc will be eluted from 99Mo. The photons and neutrons produced in the process should be shielded appropriately to ensure radiation safety. This paper brings out the use of Monte Carlo techniques for photon and neutron shielding for our application. We used FLUKA to calculate the fluence, angular distribution and dose for photons and neutrons. Then, we introduced various layers of lead followed by HDPE, 5% borated HDPE and 40% boron rubber to ensure that the proposed shielding is sufficient to completely shield the photon as well as neutron radiation and hence is safe for operation.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB404  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 22 June 2021       issue date ※ 25 August 2021  
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TUPAB406 Search for New Isotope Production Pathways target, isotope-production, background, diagnostics 2475
 
  • L.F. Dabill
    Coe College, Cedar Rapids, Iowa, USA
  • A. Hutton
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  
  The isotope group at Jefferson Lab is carrying out R&D for producing medically interesting radioisotopes, especially those with theranostic (therapeutic and diagnostic) attributes. Here the search for viable production mechanisms has been expanded to multi-step reactions where a daughter is produced from the target and decays into a medically interesting granddaughter radioisotope. It is difficult to find efficient production routes when investigating both the initial excitation reaction as well as the decay routes leading to medically interesting isotopes. The overall goal of this project is to create a structured code in Python to find these decay routes by automatically exploring the large number of isotopes and their possible decay modes. The program structure is described, and preliminary results are presented.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB406  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 31 May 2021       issue date ※ 14 August 2021  
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TUPAB413 Rapid Browser-Based Visualization of Large Neutron Scattering Datasets scattering, experiment, network, detector 2494
 
  • D.L. Bruhwiler, K. Bruhwiler, P. Moeller, R. Nagler
    RadiaSoft LLC, Boulder, Colorado, USA
  • C.M. Hoffmann, Z.J. Morgan, A.T. Savici, M.G. Tucker
    ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  • A. Kuhn, J. Mensmann, P. Messmer, M. Nienhaus, S. Roemer, D. Tatulea
    NVIDIA, Santa Clara, USA
  
  Funding: This work is supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award No. DE-SC0021551.
Neutron scattering makes invaluable contributions to the physical, chemical, and nanostructured materials sciences. Single crystal diffraction experiments collect volumetric scattering data sets representing the internal structure relations by combining datasets of many individual settings at different orientations, times and sample environment conditions. In particular, we consider data from the single-crystal diffraction experiments at ORNL.* A new technical approach for rapid, interactive visualization of remote neutron data is being explored. The NVIDIA IndeX 3D volumetric visualization framework** is being used via the HTML5 client viewer from NVIDIA, the ParaView plugin***, and new Jupyter notebooks, which will be released to the community with an open source license.
* L. Coates et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 89, 092802 (2018).
** https://developer.nvidia.com/nvidia-index
*** https://blog.kitware.com/nvidia-index-plugin-in-paraview-5-5 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB413  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 21 July 2021       issue date ※ 26 August 2021  
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WEPAB166 Concept of an Accelerator-Driven Neutron Source for the Production of Atmospheric Radiations target, shielding, proton, radiation 2998
 
  • P. Lee, N.-W. Kang
    Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
  • M. Moon
    KAERI, Daejon, Republic of Korea
  
  Funding: This work has been supported through KOMAC operation fund of KAERI and the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (No. 2021R1C1C1007100).
At the Korea Multi-purpose Accelerator Complex (KOMAC) of Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), we are studying an accelerator-driven neutron source for the production of white neutron beams that resemble the atmospheric radiations on the earth. In the concept of the neutron source, high-energy neutrons are generated by using a 200-MeV proton beam on a heavy-metal target in a target station, which is consisted of a target, moderator, reflector, and biological shields, and a part of the high-energy neutrons are guided in a forward direction to make neutron beams with the atmospheric-like energy spectrum. The conceptual design has 6 more thermal-neutron beamlines at the separation of 30 degrees for the fundamental research on neutron science. Here, we present the concepts of the target station and basic parameters regarding the neutron source. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB166  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 01 July 2021       issue date ※ 28 August 2021  
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WEPAB199 Study on the Important Technologies of 300MeV Upgrade for the CSNS Injection System injection, electron, power-supply, vacuum 3089
 
  • M.Y. Huang, C.D. Deng, L. Kang, L. Liu, Y. Liu, X. Qi, S. Wang, Q.B. Wu, Y.W. Wu, S.Y. Xu, W.Q. Zhang, Y.L. Zhang
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  • J.X. Chen, T. Huang, H.C. Liu
    IHEP CSNS, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
  
  Funding: This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project Nos. U1832210 and 12075134).
The China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS-I) have achieved the design goal of 100kW beam power on the target in Feb., 2020. As the second phase of the CSNS, CSNS-II will achieve a beam power on the target of 500 kW. The injection energy of CSNS-II will be increased from 80 MeV to 300 MeV and the average beam current of the Linac will increase 5 times. Therefore, the injection system will require a complete upgrade. In this paper, the design scheme of the injection system for CSNS-II will be introduced. The key technologies of the upgrade injection system will be carefully analyzed and pre-developed, such as the pulse power supplies and their magnets, the special-shaped ceramic vacuum chambers, the main stripping foil, the stripped electron collection, and so on. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB199  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 09 June 2021       issue date ※ 21 August 2021  
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WEPAB200 Study on the Measurement and Residual Dose of the CSNS Stripping Foil injection, scattering, MMI, simulation 3093
 
  • M.Y. Huang, L. Kang, S. Wang, Q.B. Wu, S.Y. Xu, Y.L. Zhang
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  • J.X. Chen, W.L. Huang, H.C. Liu
    IHEP CSNS, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
  
  Funding: This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project Nos. 12075134 and U1832210).
In this paper, firstly, the application and service life of the main stripping foil for the China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) were introduced. The stripping efficiency of the main stripping foil have been measured and studied. Then, by using the codes FLUKA and ORBIT, the particle scattering of the main stripping foil has been simulated and the theoretical residual doses in the injection region caused by the foil scattering were obtained. By weekly measurement of the residual doses in the injection region, the actual residual doses near the main stripping foil were given. The residual doses comparison results have confirmed that the particle scattering of the main stripping foil is the most important source of the residual doses in the injection region. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB200  
About • paper received ※ 09 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 25 August 2021       issue date ※ 23 August 2021  
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WEPAB259 Impact of the Magnet Alignment and Field Errors on the Output Uniform Beam at the DONES HEBT Line target, multipole, octupole, linac 3251
 
  • C. Oliver, A. Ibarra, J. Mollá, I. Podadera, R. Varela
    CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain
  • H. Dzitko
    F4E, Germany
  • O. Nomen, D. Sánchez-Herranz
    IREC, Sant Adria del Besos, Spain
  
  Funding: This work has been carried out within the framework of the EUROfusion Consortium and has received funding from the Euratom research and training programme 2014-2018 under grant agreement No 633053
IFMIF-DONES will be a facility devoted to study the degradation of advanced materials for operation of fusion reactors. Motivated by the need of optimizing the neutron irradiation to the materials samples, the HEBT line of the deuteron DONES (DEMO Oriented Neutron Source) accelerator is based on non-linear magnetic fields. By using octupoles and dodecapoles magnets, it is possible to shape the beam profile to achieve the demanded rectangular uniform distribution across the flat top of the beam profile, with high edge peaks in the horizontal direction. Special optics conditions are obtained with a proper setting of quadrupole magnets to minimize the x-y coupling. Additionally, the high beam power (5 MW, for a 125 mA, 40 MeV deuteron beam) in conjunction with the huge space charge makes challenging the HEBT line design to avoid non-controlled losses, except in the devoted scrapers. A comprehensive beam dynamics analysis has been made using TraceWin code. It includes extensive error studies to define tolerances and verify the robustness of the design with respect to magnet misalignment, power supply instabilities and injection parameters. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB259  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 26 July 2021       issue date ※ 17 August 2021  
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WEPAB292 Application of Machine Learning to Predict the Response of the Liquid Mercury Target at the Spallation Neutron Source target, simulation, proton, experiment 3340
 
  • L. Lin, S. Gorti, J.C. Mach, H. Tran, D.E. Winder
    ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  
  Funding: Basic Energy Sciences U.S. Department of Energy SC-22/Germantown Building 1000 Independence Avenue., SW Washington, DC 20585 P: (301) 903 - 3081 F: (301) 903 - 6594
The Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory is currently the most powerful accelerator-driven neutron source in the world. The intense proton pulses strike on SNS’s mercury target to provide bright neutron beams, which also leads to severe fluid-structure interactions inside the target. Prediction of resultant loading on the target is difficult particularly when helium gas is intentionally injected into mercury to reduce the loading and mitigate the pitting damage on the target’s internal walls. Leveraging the power of machine learning and the measured target strain, we have developed machine learning surrogates for modeling the discrepancy between simulations and experimental strain data. We then employ these surrogates to guide the refinement of the high-fidelity mercury/helium mixture model to predict a better match of target strain response. 		 
poster icon Poster WEPAB292 [0.930 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB292  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 July 2021       issue date ※ 10 August 2021  
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WEPAB299 Spallation Neutron Source Proton Power Upgrade Low-Level RF Control System Development controls, LLRF, operation, cavity 3363
 
  • M.T. Crofford, J.A. Ball, J.E. Breeding, M.P. Martinez, J.S. Moss, M. Musrock
    ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  • L.R. Doolittle, C. Serrano, V.K. Vytla
    LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
  • J. Graham, C.K. Roberts, J.W. Sinclair, Z. Sorrell, S. Whaley
    ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  
  Funding: * This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under contract number DE-AC05-00OR22725.
The Proton Power Upgrade (PPU) Project is approved for the Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory and will double the proton beam power capability from 1.4 MW to 2.8 MW with 2 MW beam power available to the first target station. A second target station is planned and will utilize the remaining beam power in the future. The proton power increase will be supported with the addition of twenty-eight new superconducting cavities powered by 700 kW peak power klystrons to increase beam energy while increases to the beam current will be done with a combination of existing RF margin, and DTL HPRF upgrades. The original low-level RF control system has proven to be reliable over the past 15 years of operations, but obsolescence issues mandate a replacement system be developed for the PPU project. The replacement system is realized in a µTCA.4 platform using a combination of commercial off-the-shelf boards and custom hardware to support the requirements of PPU. This paper presents the prototype hardware, firmware, and software development activities along with preliminary testing results of the new system. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB299  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 21 June 2021       issue date ※ 11 August 2021  
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WEPAB364 Third-Generation CERN n_TOF Spallation Target: Final Design and Examinations of Irradiated Prototype target, radiation, proton, experiment 3555
 
  • R. Esposito, O. Aberle, M. Calviani, T. Coiffet, M.D. Crouvizier, R. Franqueira Ximenes, V. Maire, A.T. Perez Fontenla, M.A. Timmins
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  The new neutron spallation target for the CERN neutron Time-Of-Flight (n_TOF) facility is based on a nitrogen-cooled Pb core impacted by short high-intensity proton beam pulses. An extensive material characterization campaign has been carried out to define the constitutive behavior of lead and assess its response under pulsed proton beam irradiation. The activities carried out include a beam irradiation test in the CERN HiRadMat facility. The tests and inspections performed show a robust behavior of the core material during operation and prominent static hardening recovery already at room temperature.  
poster icon Poster WEPAB364 [1.011 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB364  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 11 June 2021       issue date ※ 20 August 2021  
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WEPAB397 Design of the Two-Layer Girder for Accelerating Tube ECR, acceleration, operation, simulation 3636
 
  • X.J. Nie, H.Y. He, L. Kang
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  • J.X. Chen, L. Liu, R.H. Liu, C.J. Ning, A.X. Wang, G.Y. Wang, Y.J. Yu, J.S. Zhang, D.H. Zhu
    IHEP CSNS, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
  • J.B. Yu
    DNSC, Dongguan, People’s Republic of China
  
  An accelerating tube is one kind of important acceleration equipment of a linear accelerator. It is often made up of oxygen-free copper with a long tubular structure. It’s easy to suffer from deformation. Based on support requirements, the reasonable structure of the girder was obtained. Four supporting blocks were installed on the top surface of aluminum profile with the uniform distribution along the beam direction. The support strength with static condition and different working conditions were checked by ANSYS simulation calculation to ensure the stable operation of the girder. The two-layer girder can be used as a reference for other similar slender part for its simple structure and reliable support.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB397  
About • paper received ※ 14 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 01 September 2021       issue date ※ 22 August 2021  
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WEPAB407 An Innovative Eco-System for Accelerator Science and Technology controls, ion-source, framework, software 3660
 
  • C. Darve, J.B. Andersen, S. Salman
    ESS, Lund, Sweden
  • B. Nicquevert, S. Petit
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • M. Stankovski
    LINXS, Lund, Sweden
  
  The emergence of new technologies and innovative communication tools permits us to transcend societal challenges. While particle accelerators are essential instruments to improve our quality of life through science and technology, an adequate ecosystem is essential to activate and maximize this potential. Research Infrastructure (RI) and industries supported by enlightened organizations and education, can generate a sustainable environment to serve this purpose. In this paper, we will discuss state-of-the-art infrastructures taking the lead to reach this impact, thus contributing to economic and social transformation.  
poster icon Poster WEPAB407 [61.076 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB407  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 July 2021       issue date ※ 18 August 2021  
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THXC03 Evolution of the High-Power Spallation Neutron Mercury Target at the SNS target, operation, injection, proton 3735
 
  • D.E. Winder
    ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  
  Funding: UT-Battelle, LLC, under Grant DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the US Department of Energy (DOE).
The Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) began operation in 2006 and first operated at its full 1.4 MW power in 2013. Targets, which receive the pulsed proton beam, were a limiting factor for reliable full power operation for several years. Reaching reliable target operation at 1.4 MW required not only changes to the target design but also support and coordination across the entire SNS enterprise. The history and some key lessons learned are presented. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THXC03  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 01 July 2021       issue date ※ 01 September 2021  
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THPAB224 The Correction of Time-Dependent Tune Shift by Harmonic Injection focusing, injection, quadrupole, simulation 4234
 
  • X.H. Lu
    IHEP CSNS, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
  • J. Chen, S. Wang, S.Y. Xu
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  
  In the Rapid Cycling Synchrotron(RCS) of China Spallation Neutron Source(CSNS), transverse painting injection is employed to suppress the space-charge effects. The beta-beating caused by edge focusing of the injection bump magnets leads to tune shift. A new method based on the harmonic injection is firstly introduced to correct the time-dependent tune shift caused by the edge focusing effect of the chicane bump magnets in RCS. The simulation study was done on the application of the new method to the CSNS/RCS, and the results show the validity and effectiveness of the method.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB224  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 16 July 2021       issue date ※ 10 August 2021  
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THPAB289 Design and Manufacture of Solenoid Center Deviation Measurement Device solenoid, framework, induction, interface 4366
 
  • X. Wu, C.D. Deng, W. Kang, L. Li, S. Li, Y.Q. Liu, Y.W. Wu, J.X. Zhou
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  
  The solenoids are widely used both in conventional magnets and superconducting magnets in particle accelerators. The longitudinal fields along the longitudinal direction of the solenoids are usually measured with the Hall probe measurement system. However, in some cases, the deviation between the magnetic center and mechanical center of the solenoid is another important parameter and has to be measured accurately. In this paper, a device is designed and developed to measure the center deviation of the solenoid, which can be both used in conventional magnets and superconducting magnets. After the device is finished, some tests are made in the solenoid to check whether the data is correct. For the numerical simulation and analysis of the magnetic field inside the solenoid, the TOSCA code was chosen right from start. The results of the analysis are compared to the result of the tests.  
poster icon Poster THPAB289 [1.001 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB289  
About • paper received ※ 14 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 27 July 2021       issue date ※ 22 August 2021  
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THPAB364 Mu*STAR: A System to Consume Spent Nuclear Fuel While Economically Generating Nuclear Power site, target, operation, proton 4499
 
  • R.P. Johnson, R.J. Abrams, M.A. Cummings, S.A. Kahn, J.D. Lobo, T.J. Roberts
    Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA
  
  Mu*STAR is a superconducting-accelerator driven, subcritical, molten-salt reactor designed to consume the spent nuclear fuel (SNF) from today’s commercial fleet of light water reactors. In the process of doing so it will: 1. generate electricity in a cost-competitive manner, 2. significantly reduce the waste-stream volume per Gigawatt-hour generated, 3. greatly reduce the radio-toxic lifetime of the waste stream. As many states and countries now prohibit licensing of new nuclear plants until a national strategy has been established for the long-term disposal of their nuclear waste, Mu*STAR can be an important enabler for new nuclear facilities. This is especially important in the light of climate change, as nuclear energy is the only carbon-free technology for a base-load generation that is readily expandable.  
poster icon Poster THPAB364 [0.497 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB364  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 12 July 2021       issue date ※ 02 September 2021  
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FRXC04 Time-Resolved H− Beam Emittance Measurement at the SNS Linac Using a Laser Comb laser, emittance, diagnostics, beam-diagnostic 4545
 
  • Y. Liu, A.V. Aleksandrov, C.D. Long
    ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  
  Funding: This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the US Department of Energy (DOE).
We proposed and demonstrated a novel technique to measure time-resolved transverse emittances of the hydrogen ion (H−) beam in a 1-GeV high-power accelerator. The measurement is performed in a non-intrusive manner by using laser comb - laser pulses with controllable multi-layer temporal structure generated from a fiber-based master laser oscillator and diode-pumped solid-state laser amplifiers. The technique has been applied to the transverse emittance measurement of 1-GeV H− beam at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) high energy beam transport (HEBT). More than 20 time-resolved emittances have been simultaneously measured within a macro-pulse, a single mini-pulse, or a single bunch of the 1.4-MW neutron production H− beam from one measurement. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-FRXC04  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 08 July 2021       issue date ※ 20 August 2021  
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