Keyword: synchrotron
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MOXC01 Combined Effect of Beam-Beam Interaction and Beam Coupling Impedance in Future Circular Colliders impedance, collider, luminosity, simulation 25
 
  • Y. Zhang, N. Wang
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  • E. Carideo
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • M. Migliorati
    SBAI, Roma, Italy
  • M. Zobov
    INFN/LNF, Frascati, Italy
  
  Funding: This work is supported by National Key Programme for S&T Research and Development, China (Grant No. 2016YFA0400400), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 11775238, No. 11775239).
The fu­ture large scale elec­tron-positron col­lid­ers, such as FCC-ee in Eu­rope and CEPC in China, will rely on the crab waist col­li­sion scheme with a large Pi­win­ski angle. Dif­fer­ently from the past gen­er­a­tion col­lid­ers both lu­mi­nos­ity and beam-beam tune shifts de­pend on the bunch length in such a col­li­sion scheme. In ad­di­tion, for the fu­ture cir­cu­lar col­lid­ers with ex­treme beam pa­ra­me­ters in col­li­sion sev­eral new ef­fects be­come im­por­tant such as beam­strahlung, co­her­ent X-Z in­sta­bil­ity and 3D flip-flop. For all these ef­fects the lon­gi­tu­di­nal beam dy­nam­ics plays an es­sen­tial role and should be taken into ac­count for the col­lider lu­mi­nos­ity op­ti­miza­tion. In this paper we dis­cuss an im­pact of the lon­gi­tu­di­nal beam cou­pling im­ped­ance on the col­lider per­for­mance. 		 
slides icon Slides MOXC01 [2.269 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOXC01  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 27 July 2021       issue date ※ 17 August 2021  
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MOPAB037 On Possibility of Alpha-buckets Detecting at the KIT Storage Ring KARA (Karlsruhe Research Accelerator) storage-ring, operation, optics, electron 167
 
  • A.I. Papash, T. Boltz, M. Brosi, A.-S. Müller, R. Ruprecht, P. Schreiber, M. Schuh, N.J. Smale
    KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
  
  Com­puter stud­ies of lon­gi­tu­di­nal mo­tion have been per­formed with the ob­jec­tive to es­ti­mate the pos­si­bil­ity of de­tec­tion of al­pha-buck­ets at the KIT stor­age ring KARA (Karl­sruhe Re­search Ac­cel­er­a­tor). The lon­gi­tu­di­nal equa­tions of mo­tion and the Hamil­ton­ian were ex­panded to high order terms of the en­ergy de­vi­a­tion of par­ti­cles in a beam. Roots of third order equa­tion for three lead­ing terms of mo­men­tum com­paction fac­tor and free en­ergy in­de­pen­dent term were de­rived in a form suit­able for an­a­lyt­i­cal es­ti­ma­tions. Av­er­aged qua­dratic terms of closed orbit dis­tor­tions caused by mis­align­ment of mag­netic el­e­ments in a ring lead to orbit length­en­ing in­de­pen­dent of par­ti­cle en­ergy de­vi­a­tion. Par­ti­cle trans­verse ex­cur­sions were es­ti­mated and are taken into ac­count. Sim­u­la­tions have been bench-marked on ex­ist­ing ex­per­i­ments at Metrol­ogy Light Source (MLS) in Berlin (Ger­many) and SOLEIL (France). Pa­ra­me­ters of three si­mul­ta­ne­ous beams and alpha buck­ets at MLS and SOLEIL have been re­pro­duced with high ac­cu­racy. A com­puter model of KARA was used to pre­dict be­hav­ior and the dy­nam­ics of pos­si­ble si­mul­ta­ne­ous beams in the ring.  
poster icon Poster MOPAB037 [1.269 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB037  
About • paper received ※ 11 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 28 May 2021       issue date ※ 29 August 2021  
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MOPAB048 Robust Design and Control of the Nonlinear Dynamics for BESSY-III lattice, controls, optics, sextupole 209
 
  • J. Bengtsson, M. Abo-Bakr, P. Goslawski, A. Jankowiak, B.C. Kuske
    HZB, Berlin, Germany
  
  The de­sign phi­los­o­phy for a ro­bust pro­to­type lat­tice de­sign for BESSY III, i.e., that is in­sen­si­tive to small pa­ra­me­ter changes, e.g. en­gi­neer­ing tol­er­ances - based on a higher-or­der-achro­mat, a la: SLS, NSLS-II, MAX IV, and SLS 2 - is out­lined & pre­sented. As usual, a well op­ti­mized de­sign re­quires a clear un­der­stand­ing of the end-user re­quire­ments and close col­lab­o­ra­tion be­tween the lin­ear op­tics de­signer and non­lin­ear dy­nam­ics spe­cial­ist for a sys­tems ap­proach.  
poster icon Poster MOPAB048 [1.202 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB048  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 24 May 2021       issue date ※ 27 August 2021  
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MOPAB056 Optimization of a TBA with Stable Optics and Minimal Longitudinal Dispersion and CSR-Induced Emittance Growth emittance, bunching, quadrupole, FEL 241
 
  • C. Zhang, Y. Jiao
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  • C.-Y. Tsai
    HUST, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
  
  Funding: National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 11922512), Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. Y201904), National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2016YFA0401900)
In the beam trans­fer line which often con­sists of dipoles to de­flect the beam tra­jec­tory, lon­gi­tu­di­nal dis­per­sion ef­fect and emis­sion of co­her­ent syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion (CSR) will lead to beam phase space dis­tor­tion, thus de­grad­ing the ma­chine per­for­mance. In this study, op­ti­miza­tions of a triple-bend achro­mat (TBA) cell are con­ducted using the multi-ob­jec­tive par­ti­cle swarm op­ti­miza­tion (MOPSO) method to sup­press the CSR-in­duced emit­tance growth and min­i­mize the lon­gi­tu­di­nal dis­per­sion func­tions up to high or­ders, si­mul­ta­ne­ously. For the lon­gi­tu­di­nal dis­per­sion func­tion, re­sults of three op­ti­miza­tion set­tings are re­ported, which makes the TBA de­sign first-or­der, sec­ond-or­der, and higher-or­der isochro­nous. Fur­ther­more, we study the short­est pos­si­ble beam­line length of the higher-or­der isochro­nous TBA de­sign, which may pave the way to de­sign­ing a more com­pact beam trans­fer line. 		 
poster icon Poster MOPAB056 [0.366 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB056  
About • paper received ※ 12 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 28 May 2021       issue date ※ 15 August 2021  
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MOPAB065 Optimization of the Lattice Replacement Options for the Next Generation Australian Synchrotron lattice, emittance, storage-ring, sextupole 269
 
  • R. Auchettl, R.T. Dowd, Y.E. Tan
    AS - ANSTO, Clayton, Australia
  
  The de­sign of a next gen­er­a­tion Aus­tralian Syn­chro­tron re­place­ment lat­tice is a multi-ob­jec­tive and multi-con­strained prob­lem. Our group was tasked to pro­duce a low emit­tance de­sign while re-us­ing the ex­ist­ing tun­nel in­fra­struc­ture and in­jec­tor sys­tem. Our ob­jec­tives cou­pled with the set in­fra­struc­ture con­straints are not straight­for­ward to achieve with man­ual de­sign. Sev­eral vari­ables act at cross-pur­poses to one-an­other, lead­ing to a con­flict­ing trade-off be­tween ob­jec­tives. Re­cently we have in­ves­ti­gated re­place­ment op­tions for the Aus­tralian Syn­chro­tron con­tain­ing lon­gi­tu­di­nal gra­di­ent and re­verse bends in the form of a 4BA (4-bend achro­mat) lat­tice. In this work, op­ti­mise the lat­tice de­sign for a po­ten­tial fourth gen­er­a­tion Aus­tralian Syn­chro­tron fa­cil­ity. We out­line the base­line 4BA so­lu­tion to the low­est emit­tance lat­tice that can reuse the ex­ist­ing tun­nels and in­jec­tor sys­tem.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB065  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 28 May 2021       issue date ※ 19 August 2021  
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MOPAB068 Collective Effects Studies for the SOLEIL Upgrade impedance, storage-ring, cavity, feedback 274
 
  • A. Gamelin, D. Amorim, P. Brunelle, W. Foosang, A. Loulergue, L.S. Nadolski, R. Nagaoka, R. Ollier, M.-A. Tordeux
    SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
  
  The SOLEIL up­grade pro­ject aims to re­place the ac­tual SOLEIL stor­age ring by a 4th gen­er­a­tion light source. The pro­ject has just fin­ished its con­cep­tual de­sign re­port (CDR) phase*. Com­pared to the SOLEIL stor­age ring, the up­graded stor­age ring de­sign in­cludes many new fea­tures of 4th gen­er­a­tion light sources that will im­pact col­lec­tive ef­fects, such as re­duced beam pipe aper­tures, a smaller mo­men­tum com­paction fac­tor and the pres­ence of har­monic cav­i­ties (HC). To mit­i­gate them, we rely on sev­eral damp­ing mech­a­nisms pro­vided by the syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion, the trans­verse feed­back sys­tem, and the HC (Lan­dau damp­ing and bunch length­en­ing). This ar­ti­cle pre­sents a first es­ti­mate of the col­lec­tive ef­fects im­pact of the up­graded de­sign.
* Conceptual Design Report: Synchrotron SOLEIL Upgrade, 2021, in press. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB068  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 June 2021       issue date ※ 12 August 2021  
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MOPAB069 Equilibrium Bunch Density Distribution with Multiple Active and Passive RF Cavities cavity, beam-loading, impedance, storage-ring 278
 
  • A. Gamelin
    SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
  • N. Yamamoto
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  
  This paper de­scribes a method to get the equi­lib­rium bunch den­sity dis­tri­b­u­tion with an ar­bi­trary num­ber of ac­tive or pas­sive RF cav­i­ties in uni­form fill­ing. This method is an ex­ten­sion of the one pre­sented by M. Ven­turini which as­sumes a pas­sive har­monic cav­ity and no beam load­ing in the main RF cav­ity*.
*M. Venturini, "Passive higher-harmonic rf cavities with general settings and multibunch instabilities in electron storage rings," Physical Review Accelerators and Beams, 2018. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB069  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 23 June 2021       issue date ※ 23 August 2021  
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MOPAB070 mbtrack2, a Collective Effect Library in Python impedance, cavity, collective-effects, simulation 282
 
  • A. Gamelin, W. Foosang, R. Nagaoka
    SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
  
  This ar­ti­cle in­tro­duces mb­track2, a col­lec­tive ef­fect li­brary writ­ten in python3. The idea be­hind mb­track2 is to build a co­her­ent ob­ject-ori­ented frame­work to work on col­lec­tive ef­fects in syn­chro­trons. mb­track2 is com­posed of dif­fer­ent mod­ules al­low­ing to eas­ily write scripts for sin­gle bunch or multi-bunch track­ing using MPI par­al­leliza­tion in a trans­par­ent way. The base of the track­ing model of mb­track2 is in­spired by mb­track, a C multi-bunch track­ing code ini­tially de­vel­oped at SOLEIL*. In ad­di­tion, many tools to pre­pare or analyse track­ing sim­u­la­tions are in­cluded.
* R. Nagaoka, R. Bartolini, and J. Rowland, Studies of Collective Effects in SOLEIL and Diamond Using the Multiparticle Tracking Codes SBTRACK and MBTRACK, in Proc. PAC’09, 2009. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB070  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 06 July 2021       issue date ※ 16 August 2021  
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MOPAB086 Design of Front End and a 3-Pole-Wiggler as a Photon Source for BEATS Beamline at SESAME photon, wiggler, vacuum, insertion 324
 
  • J. Campmany, J. Marcos
    ALBA-CELLS Synchrotron, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
  • M. Al Nadjawi, M. Attal, G. Lori
    SESAME, Allan, Jordan
  • I. Cudin
    Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy
  • S. Guiducci
    INFN/LNF, Frascati, Italy
  • P. Van Vaerenbergh
    ESRF, Grenoble, France
  
  BEATS is an in­ter­na­tional col­lab­o­ra­tion funded by EU in order to de­sign and im­ple­ment an XR to­mog­ra­phy beam line in SESAME Jor­dan­ian syn­chro­tron. ALBA con­tri­bu­tion con­sists in the de­sign of the pho­ton source and the Front End el­e­ments. In this paper we pre­sent the con­cep­tual de­signs of both the 3-pole wig­gler uses as pho­ton source as well as the Front End el­e­ments de­signed for the beam­line.  
poster icon Poster MOPAB086 [2.306 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB086  
About • paper received ※ 11 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 21 May 2021       issue date ※ 17 August 2021  
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MOPAB095 Concept Design for the CLS2 Accelerator Complex electron, emittance, storage-ring, lattice 354
 
  • M.J. Boland, P.J. Hunchak
    University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
  • C.K. Baribeau, D. Bertwistle, J.M. Patel, H. Shaker, X. Shen, M.J. Sigrist
    CLS, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
  • F. Le Pimpec
    EuXFEL, Schenefeld, Germany
  • E.J. Wallén
    LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
  
  The Cana­dian Light Source has been in op­er­a­tion since 2005 and is now look­ing at a de­sign con­cept to up­grade to a fourth gen­er­a­tion stor­age ring. A brief overview is given of a pos­si­ble ac­cel­er­a­tor com­plex lay­out, in­clud­ing some de­tails on the lat­tice de­sign and in­jec­tion sys­tem. A full en­ergy linac is being ex­plored as an op­tion for top-up in­jec­tion and to fu­ture proof the fa­cil­ity for a po­ten­tial FEL up­grade in the fu­ture.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB095  
About • paper received ※ 23 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 28 July 2021       issue date ※ 13 August 2021  
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MOPAB102 CSR Impedance in HEPS Storage Ring impedance, storage-ring, lattice, vacuum 379
 
  • H.S. Xu, X.Y. Li, N. Wang
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  
  High En­ergy Pho­ton Source (HEPS) is under con­struc­tion in Bei­jing, China. The rel­a­tively com­plete im­ped­ance model has been built up based on the el­e­ment-by-el­e­ment im­ped­ance cal­cu­la­tion. How­ever, Co­her­ent Syn­chro­tron Ra­di­a­tion (CSR) im­ped­ance, which might af­fect the lon­gi­tu­di­nal per­for­mance of the beam, was not in­cluded in the im­ped­ance model of the HEPS stor­age ring in the pre­lim­i­nary de­sign stage. For com­plete­ness, we would like to take the CSR im­ped­ance into con­sid­er­a­tion. The most im­por­tant con­tri­bu­tions to the total CSR im­ped­ance come from the bend­ing mag­nets and in­ser­tion de­vices. We there­fore cal­cu­late the CSR im­ped­ance from both above men­tioned el­e­ments in HEPS stor­age ring. The in­flu­ence of the CSR im­ped­ance on the mi­crowave in­sta­bil­ity thresh­old is stud­ied and pre­sented.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB102  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 18 June 2021       issue date ※ 27 August 2021  
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MOPAB110 An Electron Synchrotron Lattice Based on Theoretic Minimal Emittance Cell emittance, lattice, extraction, sextupole 403
 
  • H.C. Chao
    DESY, Hamburg, Germany
  
  A de­sign of an elec­tron syn­chro­tron fea­tur­ing the the­o­retic min­i­mal emit­tance (TME) cells is pre­sented. It has 32 su­per­pe­ri­ods and the cir­cum­fer­ence is around 300 m. It of­fers ver­sa­tile func­tions with the equi­lib­rium emit­tance less than 10 nm-rad at 6 GeV. The beam en­ergy can go up to 7 GeV. Lo­ca­tions with proper phase ad­vances are found to form ef­fec­tive ver­ti­cal orbit bumps, which can be used for the in­jec­tions and ex­trac­tion. A tune scan study shows the sweet spot for the work­ing point. Some dis­cus­sions of other us­ages and stud­ies of syn­chro-be­ta­tron cou­pling ef­fects are also in­cluded in this ar­ti­cle.  
poster icon Poster MOPAB110 [0.777 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB110  
About • paper received ※ 11 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 28 May 2021       issue date ※ 30 August 2021  
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MOPAB117 Single Bunch Collective Effects in the EBS Storage Ring impedance, simulation, SRF, vacuum 425
 
  • L.R. Carver, E. Buratin, N. Carmignani, F. Ewald, L. Hoummi, S.M. Liuzzo, T.P. Perron, B. Roche, S.M. White
    ESRF, Grenoble, France
  
  The ESRF stor­age ring (SR) has been dis­man­tled and re­placed by the Ex­tremely Bril­liant Source (EBS) which has now been com­mis­sioned. Beam based mea­sure­ments have been per­formed to char­ac­terise the im­ped­ance of the new ma­chine and to make a first com­par­i­son with pre­dic­tions. The re­sults from in­sta­bil­ity thresh­old scans and tune shift mea­sure­ments will be pre­sented, as well as bunch length and po­si­tion vari­a­tion with cur­rent and mi­crowave thresh­old mea­sure­ments.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB117  
About • paper received ※ 11 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 31 May 2021       issue date ※ 25 August 2021  
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MOPAB120 Update on Injector for the New Synchrotron Light Source in Thailand linac, storage-ring, injection, photon 435
 
  • T. Chanwattana, S. Chunjarean, N. Juntong, K. Kittimanapun, S. Klinkhieo, P. Sudmuang
    SLRI, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
  • K. Manasatitpong
    Synchrotron Light Research Institute (SLRI), Muang District, Thailand
  
  De­sign of the new 3-GeV syn­chro­tron light source in Thai­land, Siam Pho­ton Source II (SPS-II), has been up­dated. The SPS-II ac­cel­er­a­tor com­plex con­sists of a 150-MeV in­jec­tor linac, a 3-GeV booster syn­chro­tron and a 3-GeV stor­age ring. The RF sys­tem of both stor­age ring and booster is based on a fre­quency of 119 MHz. In this paper, de­sign con­sid­er­a­tions and spec­i­fi­ca­tions of the SPS-II in­jec­tor linac are pre­sented. A study on the in­jec­tor linac in multi-bunch mode (MBM) and sin­gle-bunch mode (SBM) was done to get ap­pro­pri­ate pa­ra­me­ters for top-up in­jec­tion and dif­fer­ent fill­ing pat­terns in the stor­age ring.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB120  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 20 May 2021       issue date ※ 24 August 2021  
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MOPAB121 Progress Towards Soft X-Ray Beam Position Monitor Development detector, undulator, radiation, laser 438
 
  • B. Podobedov, C. Eng, S. Hulbert, C. Mazzoli
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
  • D. Donetski, K. Kucharczyk, J. Liu, R. Lutchman
    Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
X-ray beam po­si­tion mon­i­tors (BPMs) are in­stru­men­tal for stor­age ring light sources, where they re­li­ably pro­vide po­si­tional mea­sure­ments of high-power beams in hard X-ray beam­lines. How­ever, de­spite a grow­ing need, com­ing es­pe­cially from co­her­ent soft X-ray beam­lines, non-in­va­sive soft X-ray BPMs have not been demon­strated yet. We are presently work­ing on a funded R&D pro­posal to de­velop a non-in­va­sive soft X-ray BPM with mi­cron-scale res­o­lu­tion for high-power white beams. In our ap­proach, multi-pixel GaAs de­tec­tor ar­rays are placed into the beam halo and beam po­si­tion is in­ferred from the pixel pho­tocur­rent lev­els. Presently, the first de­tec­tor array pro­to­types have been man­u­fac­tured and are being pre­pared for low-power beam tests. The me­chan­i­cal de­sign of a BPM test-stand, which will be in­stalled in the 23-ID canted soft X-ray un­du­la­tor beam­line at NSLS-II, is well under way. In ad­di­tion, we are de­vel­op­ing new al­go­rithms of beam po­si­tion cal­cu­la­tion which take full ad­van­tage of ex­tended multi-pixel de­tec­tor ar­rays. In this paper we will re­view our de­sign choices and dis­cuss re­cent progress. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB121  
About • paper received ※ 03 June 2021       paper accepted ※ 13 July 2021       issue date ※ 28 August 2021  
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MOPAB122 Present Status of HiSOR storage-ring, injection, undulator, radiation 442
 
  • M. Katoh
    UVSOR, Okazaki, Japan
  • K. Goto, M. Katoh, M. Shimada
    HSRC, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
  • H. Miyauchi
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  
  HiSOR is a com­pact syn­chro­tron light source of 700MeV. The cir­cum­fer­ence is 22m. The ring has two straight sec­tions for un­du­la­tors, which pro­vide high bril­liance VUV ra­di­a­tion. Two 180 bend­ing mag­nets have 2.7 T field strength, which pro­vide broad­band ra­di­a­tion in VUV and soft X-ray range. The in­jec­tor is a 150 MeV mi­cro­tron. The beam in­jec­tion is made twice a day with a 5 hour in­ter­val. Al­though the ac­cel­er­a­tors are being op­er­ated sta­bly, the large emit­tance of 400nm makes it dif­fi­cult to com­pete with high bril­liance light sources of new gen­er­a­tions. The com­pact­ness of the con­fig­u­ra­tion makes it dif­fi­cult to in­tro­duce new tech­nolo­gies. We have started seek­ing pos­si­ble up­grades.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB122  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 20 May 2021       issue date ※ 30 August 2021  
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MOPAB175 Advanced Concepts and Technologies for Heavy Ion Synchrotrons laser, heavy-ion, electron, space-charge 594
 
  • P.J. Spiller, O. Boine-Frankenheim, L.H.J. Bozyk, S. Klammes, H. Kollmus, D. Ondreka, I. Pongrac, N. Pyka, C. Roux, K. Sugita, St. Wilfert, T. Winkler, D.F.A. Winters
    GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
  
  New con­cepts and tech­nolo­gies are de­vel­oped to ad­vance the per­for­mance of heavy ion syn­chro­trons. Be­sides fast ramp­ing of su­per­con­duct­ing mag­nets, ex­treme UHV tech­nolo­gies to sta­bi­lize dy­namic vac­uum and charge re­lated loss, broad band MA cav­i­ties, space charge com­pen­sa­tion by means of elec­tron lenses and new cool­ing tech­nolo­gies, e.g. laser cool­ing, show great promise to ad­vance the fore­front of beam pa­ra­me­ters. Sev­eral of these tech­nolo­gies and con­cepts are de­vel­oped and tested at GSI/FAIR. Progress and plans will be re­ported.  
poster icon Poster MOPAB175 [1.367 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB175  
About • paper received ※ 11 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 21 May 2021       issue date ※ 20 August 2021  
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MOPAB181 Non-Delivery Time Reduction at MedAustron extraction, proton, dipole, MMI 613
 
  • L. Adler, S. Danzinger, F. Farinon, F. Feichtinger, G. Guidoboni, N. Kahn, C. Kurfürst, D.A. Prokopovich, A. Wastl
    EBG MedAustron, Wr. Neustadt, Austria
  • L.C. Penescu
    Abstract Landscapes, Montpellier, France
  
  Funding: Funding by the NÖ WIRTSCHAFTS- UND TOURISMUSFONDS under grant number WST3-F-5033232/001-2020.
MedAus­tron is a can­cer treat­ment cen­ter in Aus­tria pro­vid­ing pro­ton and car­bon ion beams to three clin­i­cal and one non-clin­i­cal re­search beam lines. The slow ex­trac­tion of par­ti­cles from the syn­chro­tron fol­lows a third order res­o­nance ex­trac­tion scheme. Cur­rently, for every change of ex­trac­tion en­ergy a new spill needs to be gen­er­ated. Be­sides the beam-on time of the par­ti­cle de­liv­ery, every spill is also com­prised of non-de­liv­ery time com­po­nents e.g. the mul­ti­turn in­jec­tion, ac­cel­er­a­tion or mag­net con­di­tion­ing. For small tumor tar­get vol­umes, this non-de­liv­ery time is the major con­tri­bu­tion to the over­all treat­ment time. A ded­i­cated per­for­mance im­prove­ment pro­ject (sup­ported with a grant from the state of lower Aus­tria) was ex­e­cuted with the goal to re­duce these non-de­liv­ery times with­out af­fect­ing im­por­tant clin­i­cal beam pa­ra­me­ters such as the beam size or pen­e­tra­tion depth. The im­ple­mented re­duc­tion of the non-de­liv­ery time >50% could be achieved, re­sult­ing in beam-on time re­duc­tions for ref­er­ence treat­ment plans be­tween 25% (largest pro­ton PTV) and 58% (small­est car­bon PTV). Re­sults of com­mis­sion­ing ef­forts, tech­ni­cal de­tails and the achieved op­ti­miza­tions will be pre­sented. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB181  
About • paper received ※ 14 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 28 May 2021       issue date ※ 25 August 2021  
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MOPAB182 Automated Synchrotron Lattice Design and Optimisation Using a Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm network, lattice, dipole, superconducting-magnet 616
 
  • X. Zhang, S.L. Sheehy
    The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
  • E. Benedetto
    TERA, Novara, Italy
  • E. Benedetto
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  
  Funding: This work is partially supported by the Australian Government Research Training Program Scholarship.
As part of the Next Ion Med­ical Ma­chine Study (NIMMS), we pre­sent a new method for de­sign­ing syn­chro­tron lat­tices. A step-wise ap­proach was used to gen­er­ate ran­dom lat­tice struc­tures from a set of feed­for­ward neural net­works. These lat­tice de­signs are op­ti­mised by evolv­ing the net­works over many it­er­a­tions with a multi-ob­jec­tive ge­netic al­go­rithm (MOGA). The final set of so­lu­tions rep­re­sent the most effi- cient and fea­si­ble lat­tices which sat­isfy the de­sign con­straints. It is up to the lat­tice de­signer to choose a de­sign that best suits the in­tended ap­pli­ca­tion. The au­to­mated al­go­rithm pre­sented here ran­domly sam­ples from all pos­si­ble lat­tice lay­outs and reaches the global op­ti­mum over many it­er­a­tions. The re­quire­ments of an ef­fi­cient ex­trac­tion scheme in hadron ther­apy syn­chro­trons im­pose strin­gent con­straints on the lat- tice op­ti­cal func­tions. Using this al­go­rithm al­lows us to find the global op­ti­mum that is tai­lored to these con­straints and to fully utilise the flex­i­bil­i­ties pro­vided by new tech­nol­ogy. 		 
poster icon Poster MOPAB182 [6.006 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB182  
About • paper received ※ 15 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 23 June 2021       issue date ※ 14 August 2021  
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MOPAB189 Beam Commissioning of XiPAF Synchrotron extraction, injection, MMI, experiment 639
 
  • H.J. Yao, X. Guan, Y. Li, X.Y. Liu, M.W. Wang, X.W. Wang, Y. Yang, W.B. Ye, H.J. Zeng, S.X. Zheng
    TUB, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  • W.L. Liu, D. Wang, Z.M. Wang
    NINT, Shannxi, People’s Republic of China
  
  XiPAF (Xi’an 200MeV Pro­ton Ap­pli­ca­tion Fa­cil­ity) is a pro­ject to ful­fill the need for the ex­per­i­men­tal sim­u­la­tion of the space ra­di­a­tion en­vi­ron­ment. It com­prises a 7 MeV H− linac, a 60-230 MeV pro­ton syn­chro­tron, and ex­per­i­men­tal sta­tions. The In­stal­la­tion of the syn­chro­tron, beam­line and one ex­per­i­men­tal sta­tion were com­pleted at the end of De­cem­ber 2019, and com­mis­sion­ing has just begun. Cir­cu­lat­ing beam around the syn­chro­tron was ob­served on the first day of op­er­a­tion, and now 10-200 MeV pro­ton beam di­rectly ex­tracted from the syn­chro­tron had been trans­ported to the ex­per­i­men­tal sta­tion for user ex­per­i­ments. The re­sults of the com­mis­sion­ing and data analy­sis are pre­sented in this paper.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB189  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 21 May 2021       issue date ※ 17 August 2021  
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MOPAB213 Characterization of Linear Optics and Beam Parameters for the APS Booster with Turn-by-Turn BPM Data booster, betatron, optics, kicker 703
 
  • X. Huang, H. Shang, C. Yao
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
  
  We take turn-by-turn (TBT) BPM data on the en­ergy ramp of the APS Booster, and an­a­lyze the data with the in­de­pen­dent com­po­nent analy­sis. The ex­trac­tion kicker was used to ex­cite the be­ta­tron mo­tion. The lin­ear op­tics of the ma­chine is char­ac­ter­ized with the TBT BPM data. We also an­a­lyze the de­co­her­ence pat­tern of the kicked beam, from which we are able to de­rive beam dis­tri­b­u­tion pa­ra­me­ters, such as the mo­men­tum spread.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB213  
About • paper received ※ 13 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 11 June 2021       issue date ※ 19 August 2021  
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MOPAB248 Injection Schemes for the SOLEIL Upgrade injection, storage-ring, lattice, betatron 796
 
  • M.-A. Tordeux, P. Alexandre, R. Ben El Fekih, P. Brunelle, L. Hoummi, A. Loulergue, L.S. Nadolski, R. Nagaoka
    SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
  
  In­jec­tion into the SOLEIL up­grade stor­age ring is much more chal­leng­ing com­pared to the case of the cur­rent ring. Thanks to the ex­pe­ri­ence gained in the de­vel­op­ment, man­u­fac­ture and com­mis­sion­ing of a Mul­ti­pole In­jec­tion Kicker (MIK) on the MAX IV 3 GeV stor­age ring, the SOLEIL pulsed mag­net team is cur­rently de­vel­op­ing new MIK mag­nets that will serve as the basis for the in­jec­tion schemes in the up­grade stor­age ring. We then pro­pose two kinds of in­jec­tions: firstly, a be­ta­tron off-axis in­jec­tion that should be com­pat­i­ble with the full-cou­pling stor­age ring tun­ing, and sec­ondly, a syn­chro­tron on-axis in­jec­tion by cre­at­ing a large hor­i­zon­tal dis­per­sion bump at the in­jec­tion point.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB248  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 21 May 2021       issue date ※ 26 August 2021  
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MOPAB274 Two-Stream Effects in Coherent Beam-Beam Oscillations in VEPP-2000 Collider Near the Linear Coupling Resonance betatron, coupling, collider, resonance 866
 
  • S.A. Kladov, E. Perevedentsev
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
  • S.A. Kladov, E. Perevedentsev
    NSU, Novosibirsk, Russia
  
  Syn­chro-be­ta­tron mo­tion of col­lid­ing bunches may cause lim­i­ta­tions of the high-lu­mi­nos­ity per­for­mance. For a round beam col­lider op­er­ated near the lin­ear cou­pling res­o­nance, we pre­sent the­o­ret­i­cal pre­dic­tions of the beam-beam co­her­ent syn­chro-be­ta­tron os­cil­la­tion be­hav­ior under the in­flu­ence of x-y cou­pling.  
poster icon Poster MOPAB274 [0.968 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB274  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 June 2021       issue date ※ 02 September 2021  
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MOPAB294 Implementing Electro-Optical Diagnostics for Measuring the CSR Far-Field at KARA laser, radiation, detector, storage-ring 931
 
  • C. Widmann, E. Bründermann, M. Caselle, S. Funkner, A.-S. Müller, M.J. Nasse, G. Niehues, M.M. Patil, C. Sax, J.L. Steinmann, M. Weber
    KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
  • C. Mai
    DELTA, Dortmund, Germany
  
  Funding: This work was supported by BMBF ErUM-Pro project 05K19 STARTRAC, C.W. was funded under contract No. 05K19VDK, C.M. under contract No. 05K19PEC, S.F. under contract No. 05K16VKA.
For mea­sur­ing the tem­po­ral pro­file of the co­her­ent syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion (CSR) at the KIT stor­age ring KARA (Karl­sruhe Re­search Ac­cel­er­a­tor) an ex­per­i­men­tal setup based on elec­tro-op­ti­cal spec­tral de­cod­ing (EOSD) is cur­rently being im­ple­mented. The EOSD tech­nique al­lows sin­gle-shot, phase-sen­si­tive mea­sure­ments of the far-field ra­di­a­tion on a turn-by-turn basis at rates in the MHz range. There­fore, the re­sult­ing THz ra­di­a­tion from the dy­nam­ics of the bunch evo­lu­tion, e.g. the mi­crobunch­ing, can be ob­served with high tem­po­ral res­o­lu­tion. This far-field setup is part of the dis­trib­uted sen­sor net­work at KARA. Ad­di­tion­ally to the in­for­ma­tion ac­quired from the near-field EOSD spec­tral de­cod­ing and the hor­i­zon­tal bunch pro­file mon­i­tor, it en­ables to mon­i­tor the lon­gi­tu­di­nal phase-space of the bunch. In this con­tri­bu­tion, the char­ac­ter­i­za­tion of the far-field setup is sum­ma­rized and its im­ple­men­ta­tion is dis­cussed. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB294  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 07 June 2021       issue date ※ 18 August 2021  
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MOPAB310 Vertical Phase Space Measurement Progress at Canadian Light Source electron, emittance, lattice, experiment 963
 
  • Y. Yousefi Sigari, D. Bertwistle, M.J. Boland
    CLS, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
  • M.J. Boland
    University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
  
  A key fea­ture of third-gen­er­a­tion light sources is their small ver­ti­cal open­ing angle, which is dif­fi­cult to mea­sure ex­per­i­men­tally. To re­con­struct the ver­ti­cal phase space, one can scan the beam’s po­si­tion using X-ray syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion (XSR) and a pin­hole cam­era. The XSR di­ag­nos­tic beam­line, op­er­a­tional in the wave­length re­gion of 0.05 - 0.15 nm, in Cana­dian Light Source (CLS) is qual­i­fied to mea­sure the beam po­si­tion with X-ray ra­di­a­tion. Using the cor­rec­tor mag­nets in CLS lat­tice made of 12 iden­ti­cal dou­ble-bend achro­mats (DBA) cells, ver­ti­cal it­er­a­tions can be ex­e­cuted par­al­lel to the beam’s orig­i­nal orbit. The out­comes of this ex­per­i­ment are: 1) the ver­ti­cal beam po­si­tions that are mon­i­tored by BPMs, and 2) the X-ray image of the beam that is pro­jected through the pin­hole. The bumps were sim­u­lated using Mat­lab Mid­dle Layer (MML) for Ac­cel­er­a­tor con­trol sys­tems to get an in­sight of the source point’s po­si­tion in the XSR’s bend­ing mag­net. The sim­u­la­tion shows the po­si­tion of the source point de­pends on which cor­rec­tor sets are cho­sen.  
poster icon Poster MOPAB310 [0.328 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB310  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 28 July 2021       issue date ※ 13 August 2021  
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MOPAB327 Beam Loss Diagnostics System for SKIF Synchrotron Light Source simulation, electron, storage-ring, diagnostics 1012
 
  • X.C. Ma
    BINP, Novosibirsk, Russia
  • S.V. Ivanenko, E.A. Puryga
    Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk, Russia
  • A.D. Khilchenko, Yu.I. Maltseva, O.I. Meshkov
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
  • Yu.I. Maltseva, O.I. Meshkov
    NSU, Novosibirsk, Russia
  
  The Siber­ian ring pho­ton source (SKIF) is a new gen­er­a­tion syn­chro­tron light source de­signed and built by the Bud­ker In­sti­tute of Nu­clear Physics. The beam loss di­ag­nos­tics sys­tem is a tool for mon­i­tor­ing beam loss in­for­ma­tion. It is widely used in mod­ern large ac­cel­er­a­tors to pro­vide a basis for di­ag­nos­ing and lo­cat­ing ma­chine faults, op­ti­miz­ing and de­bug­ging work­ing beam pa­ra­me­ters, and im­prov­ing beam life­time. Two types of beam loss mon­i­tor (BLM) will be ap­plied on SKIF: fiber-based Cherenkov beam loss mon­i­tor (CBLM) and scin­til­la­tor-based BLM (SBLM). Multi-mode sil­ica fibers CBLM will be in­stalled on lin­ear ac­cel­er­a­tor and trans­fer lines. 128 SBLMs will be placed around the stor­age ring, dy­namic ranges and so­phis­ti­cated elec­tronic equip­ment are em­ployed to cover dif­fer­ent SKIF op­er­at­ing modes. This ar­ti­cle rep­re­sents the de­tails of de­sign of beam loss di­ag­nos­tics of SKIF, in­tro­duces the sim­u­la­tion and ex­per­i­men­tal stud­ies of CBLM and SBLM.  
poster icon Poster MOPAB327 [4.893 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB327  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 26 May 2021       issue date ※ 30 August 2021  
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MOPAB366 Improving Magnetic Materials for RCS Cavity Tuners cavity, solenoid, simulation, booster 1139
 
  • R.L. Madrak, N.M. Curfman, G.V. Romanov, C.-Y. Tan, I. Terechkine
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  • G. Das, A.K. Samanta
    Ceramic Magnetics, Inc., National Magnetics Group, Inc., Bethlehem, USA
  
  Funding: United States Department of Energy, Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359
Within the Lab Di­rected R&D Pro­gram at Fer­mi­lab, and in part­ner­ship with Na­tional Mag­net­ics, we have re­cently begun to study and at­tempt to im­prove the loss pa­ra­me­ter in gar­net ma­te­r­ial. This could be used for fast tuner ap­pli­ca­tions such as in rapid cy­cling syn­chro­trons. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB366  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 25 May 2021       issue date ※ 15 August 2021  
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MOPAB382 Synchrotron Light Shielding for the 166 MHz Superconducting RF Section at High Energy Photon Source cavity, shielding, storage-ring, radiation 1169
 
  • X.Y. Zhang, Z.Q. Li, Q. Ma, P. Zhang
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  
  Funding: This work was supported by High Energy Photon Source, a major national science and technology infrastructure in China.
The High En­ergy Photo Source (HEPS) pro­ject has been under con­struc­tion since 2019, and will be first dif­frac­tion-lim­ited syn­chro­tron light source in China. A 6 GeV elec­tron beam with 200 mA cur­rent will be stored in the main ring. If syn­chro­tron light pro­duced from this en­er­getic elec­tron beam hits the su­per­con­duct­ing cav­ity’s sur­face, it would cause ther­mal break­down of the su­per­con­duc­tiv­ity. In the cur­rent lat­tice de­sign, these lights can­not be fully blocked by the col­li­ma­tor in the up­stream lat­tice cell, there­fore a shield­ing scheme in­side the rf sec­tion is re­quired. This how­ever brings great chal­lenges to the al­ready lim­ited space. The de­sign of the col­li­ma­tor has been fo­cused on ful­fill­ing shield­ing re­quire­ments while op­ti­miz­ing beam im­ped­ance, syn­chro­tron light power den­sity, ther­mal and me­chan­i­cal sta­bil­i­ties. Shield­ing ma­te­ri­als are sub­se­quently cho­sen with ded­i­cated cool­ing to en­sure long-term sta­ble op­er­a­tions. In this paper, a shield­ing scheme in­side the rf sec­tion of the HEPS stor­age ring is pre­sented. The syn­chro­tron light mainly from the up­stream bend­ing mag­net is suc­cess­fully block. The sen­si­tiv­ity to beam po­si­tion move­ment and in­stal­la­tion error is also an­a­lyzed. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB382  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 11 June 2021       issue date ※ 23 August 2021  
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MOPAB413 The Next Ion Medical Machine Study at CERN: Towards a Next Generation Cancer Research and Therapy Facility with Ion Beams linac, proton, superconducting-magnet, operation 1240
 
  • M. Vretenar, V. Bencini, E. Benedetto, M.R. Khalvati, A.M. Lombardi, M. Sapinski, D. Tommasini
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  • E. Benedetto, M. Sapinski
    TERA, Novara, Italy
  • P. Foka
    GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
  
  Can­cer ther­apy with ions has sev­eral ad­van­tages over X-ray and pro­ton ther­apy, but its dif­fu­sion re­mains lim­ited pri­mar­ily be­cause of the size and cost of the ac­cel­er­a­tor. To de­velop tech­nolo­gies that might im­prove per­for­mance and re­duce ac­cel­er­a­tor cost with re­spect to pre­sent fa­cil­i­ties, CERN has re­cently launched the Next Ion Med­ical Ma­chine Study (NIMMS), lever­ag­ing CERN ex­per­tise in ac­cel­er­a­tor fields to dis­sem­i­nate tech­nolo­gies de­vel­oped for basic sci­ence. A per­spec­tive user and key part­ner of NIMMS is the SEEI­IST (South East Eu­ro­pean In­ter­na­tional In­sti­tute for Sus­tain­able Tech­nolo­gies), es­tab­lished to build in the re­gion an in­no­v­a­tive fa­cil­ity for com­bined can­cer ther­apy and bio­med­ical re­search with ion beams. For SEEI­IST and other po­ten­tial users, three op­tions are being con­sid­ered. Con­cep­tual de­signs of a warm-mag­net syn­chro­tron at high beam in­ten­sity, of a com­pact su­per­con­duct­ing syn­chro­tron, and of a high-fre­quency lin­ear ac­cel­er­a­tor have been com­pared in terms of cost, risk and de­vel­op­ment time. The de­vel­op­ment of curved su­per­con­duct­ing mag­nets, of com­pact syn­chro­trons and ion gantries, and of linacs is being pur­sued within EU-funded pro­jects or spe­cific col­lab­o­ra­tions  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB413  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 20 July 2021       issue date ※ 13 August 2021  
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MOPAB414 A Novel Facility for Cancer Therapy and Biomedical Research with Heavy Ions for the South East European International Institute for Sustainable Technologies extraction, injection, experiment, radiation 1244
 
  • S. Damjanovic, P. Grübling, H. Schopper
    SEEIIST, Geneva, Switzerland
  • U. Amaldi, E. Benedetto, M. Sapinski
    TERA, Novara, Italy
  • E. Benedetto, G. Bisoffi, M. Dosanjh, M. Sapinski, M. Vretenar
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  • G. Bisoffi
    INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy
  • S. Damjanovic, M. Durante, P. Foka, C. Graeff
    GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
  • Th. Haberer
    HIT, Heidelberg, Germany
  • S. Rossi
    CNAO Foundation, Milan, Italy
  • H.J. Specht
    Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
  
  The South East Eu­ro­pean In­ter­na­tional In­sti­tute for Sus­tain­able Tech­nolo­gies (SEEI­IST) pro­poses the con­struc­tion of a major joint Re­search In­fra­struc­ture in the re­gion, to re­build co­op­er­a­tion after the re­cent wars and over­come last­ing con­se­quences like tech­nol­ogy deficits and brain drain, hav­ing at its core a fa­cil­ity for can­cer ther­apy and bio­med­ical re­search with heavy ions. Beams of ions like Car­bon are an ad­vanced way to ir­ra­di­ate tu­mours but more re­search is needed, while the higher in­vest­ment costs than for other ra­di­a­tion treat­ments have so far lim­ited the Eu­ro­pean fa­cil­i­ties to only four. This ini­tia­tive aims at being strongly in­no­v­a­tive, be­yond the ex­ist­ing Eu­ro­pean de­signs. While the ini­tial base­line re­lies on a con­ser­v­a­tive warm-mag­net syn­chro­tron, su­per­con­duct­ing mag­nets for an ad­vanced ver­sion of the syn­chro­tron and for the gantry are being de­vel­oped, with a po­ten­tial for re­duc­tions in size, cost, and power con­sump­tion. Both warm and su­per­con­duct­ing de­signs fea­ture high beam in­ten­sity for faster treat­ment, and flex­i­ble ex­trac­tion for novel treat­ment meth­ods. A novel in­jec­tor linac has the po­ten­tial for pro­duc­ing ra­dioiso­topes in par­al­lel with syn­chro­tron in­jec­tion.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB414  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 06 July 2021       issue date ※ 22 August 2021  
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TUPAB011 Momentum Compaction Factor Measurements in the Large Hadron Collider optics, quadrupole, collider, hadron 1360
 
  • J. Keintzel, L. Malina, R. Tomás García
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  The Large Hadron Col­lider (LHC) at CERN and its planned lu­mi­nos­ity up­grade, the High Lu­mi­nos­ity LHC (HL-LHC) de­mand well-con­trolled on- and off-mo­men­tum op­tics. Op­tics mea­sure­ments are per­formed by analysing Turn-by-Turn (TbT) data of ex­cited beams. Dif­fer­ent tech­niques to mea­sure the mo­men­tum com­paction fac­tor from these data are ex­plored, tak­ing into ac­count the pos­si­bil­ity to com­bine them with RF-volt­age scans in fu­ture ex­per­i­ments.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB011  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 16 June 2021       issue date ※ 18 August 2021  
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TUPAB024 Lattice Options Comparison for a DLSR Injector lattice, emittance, injection, booster 1390
 
  • H.C. Chao, I.V. Agapov, S.A. Antipov
    DESY, Hamburg, Germany
  
  DESY IV, as a part of the in­jec­tor chain, must have lower emit­tance for PETRA IV in­jec­tion. De­pend­ing on the sce­nar­ios of the in­jec­tor, two lat­tice op­tions for DESY IV are pre­sented. They are de­signed for dif­fer­ent pur­poses. The first op­tion comes with a high mo­men­tum com­paction fac­tor with ac­cept­able emit­tance. It is de­signed to be a full in­ten­sity booster. The other op­tion is with low emit­tance ded­i­cated to be an ac­cu­mu­la­tor at high en­er­gies. The gen­eral beam dy­nam­ics prop­er­ties are sim­u­lated and dis­cussed. Their strengths and weak­nesses are com­pared.  
poster icon Poster TUPAB024 [0.751 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB024  
About • paper received ※ 11 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 09 June 2021       issue date ※ 31 August 2021  
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TUPAB065 Solaris Storage Ring Performance After 6 Years of Operation storage-ring, operation, MMI, vacuum 1515
 
  • A.I. Wawrzyniak, A. Curcio, K. Gula, M.A. Knafel, G.W. Kowalski, A.M. Marendziak, R. Panaś, M. Waniczek, M. Wiśniowski
    NSRC SOLARIS, Kraków, Poland
  
  So­laris is a third gen­er­a­tion light source op­er­at­ing since 2015 in Kraków, Poland. Be­tween 2015 and 2018 the syn­chro­tron as well as two beam­lines were com­mis­sioned. Dur­ing com­mis­sion­ing phases, the good per­for­mance of So­laris stor­age ring has been reached. The beam op­tics was brought close to the de­sign one. Since Oc­to­ber 2018 So­laris stor­age ring is in the user op­er­a­tion mode. More­over, two other beam­lines with the el­lip­ti­cally po­lar­ized un­du­la­tors used as source were in­stalled and are under com­mis­sion­ing now. In 2020 the total beam avail­abil­ity of 93% was reached with the av­er­age cir­cu­lat­ing cur­rent of 400 mA and the total life­time of 15 h. Over last two years few im­prove­ments of the stor­age ring were done to op­ti­mize the stor­age ring per­for­mance. The Lan­dau cav­i­ties were tuned to im­prove the Tou­schek life­time and sup­press the in­sta­bil­i­ties. Two di­ag­nos­tics beam­lines were in­stalled and com­mis­sioned al­low­ing for the beam sizes in three planes and emit­tance mea­sure­ments. The stor­age ring op­tics was fine-tuned to in­crease the dy­namic aper­ture.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB065  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 26 May 2021       issue date ※ 16 August 2021  
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TUPAB214 Alpha Buckets in Longitudinal Phase Space: A Bifurcation Analysis operation, storage-ring, lattice, closed-orbit 1917
 
  • J. Frank, M. Arlandoo, P. Goslawski, T. Mertens, M. Ries
    HZB, Berlin, Germany
  
  At HZB’s BESSY II and MLS fa­cil­i­ties we have the abil­ity to tune the mo­men­tum com­paction fac­tor α up to sec­ond non-lin­ear order. The non-lin­ear de­pen­dence α(δ) brings qual­i­ta­tive changes to the lon­gi­tu­di­nal phase space and in­tro­duces new fix points α(δ)=0 which pro­duce the so-called α-buck­ets. We pre­sent with this paper an analy­sis of this phe­nom­ena from the stand­point of bi­fur­ca­tion the­ory. With this ap­proach we were able to char­ac­ter­ize the na­ture of the fix points and their po­si­tion in di­rect de­pen­dence on the tun­able pa­ra­me­ters. Fur­ther­more, we are able to place strin­gent con­di­tions onto the tun­able pa­ra­me­ters to ei­ther cre­ate or de­stroy α-buck­ets.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB214  
About • paper received ※ 12 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 17 June 2021       issue date ※ 26 August 2021  
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TUPAB222 Application and Development of the Streak Camera Measurement System at HLS-II experiment, operation, storage-ring, electron 1942
 
  • Y.K. Zhao, S.S. Jin, P. Lu, B.G. Sun, J.G. Wang, F.F. Wu, T.Y. Zhou
    USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
  
  The dual-ax­ial scan streak cam­era plays an im­por­tant role in the su­per-fast op­ti­cal mea­sure­ment and the beam di­ag­no­sis of the ac­cel­er­a­tors. In­deed, the de­vel­op­ment of the syn­chro­tron light mea­sure­ment sys­tem by virtue of the streak cam­era pro­vides an ef­fec­tive tool and re­search plat­form for ac­cel­er­a­tor physics and su­per-fast op­ti­cal phe­nom­e­non. In this paper, the con­fig­u­ra­tion of the streak cam­era mea­sure­ment sys­tem is roughly de­scribed. And the ex­per­i­men­tal re­searches are si­mul­ta­ne­ously per­formed, in­clud­ing the bunch length­en­ing, the po­ten­tial-well dis­tor­tion, the lon­gi­tu­di­nal bunch os­cil­la­tions, and the beam evo­lu­tion dur­ing the sin­gle bunch op­er­a­tion mode in the HLS-II stor­age ring. More­over, the ef­fects of the RF mod­u­la­tion on the beam life­time and lon­gi­tu­di­nal bunch beam dy­nam­ics are car­ried out.  
poster icon Poster TUPAB222 [1.713 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB222  
About • paper received ※ 10 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 16 June 2021       issue date ※ 14 August 2021  
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TUPAB226 Study of the Third-Order Parametric Resonance Induced by RF Modulation simulation, storage-ring, electron, injection 1956
 
  • P.F. Liang, H.S. Xu
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  
  There were both an­a­lytic and ex­per­i­men­tal stud­ies on the ef­fects of RF mod­u­la­tion on bunch length­en­ing in elec­tron stor­age rings. Nev­er­the­less, the in­crease of bunch en­ergy spread will hap­pen in the mean­time. There­fore, the degra­da­tion of bunch qual­ity may limit the po­ten­tial ap­pli­ca­tions of the RF mod­u­la­tion tech­nique. As a con­se­quence, we be­lieve that the com­pre­hen­sive stud­ies of the para­met­ric res­o­nance in­duced by RF mod­u­la­tion are nec­es­sary for un­der­stand­ing the physics pic­ture bet­ter and seek­ing new pos­si­bil­i­ties of ap­pli­ca­tions of this tech­nique. The stud­ies on the beam dy­nam­ics closed to the 3vs RF phase mod­u­la­tion would be pre­sented here. Based on the basic lon­gi­tu­di­nal syn­chro­tron equa­tions of mo­tion, we ob­tained an­a­lyt­i­cally the lon­gi­tu­di­nal mod­u­lated Hamil­ton­ian and var­i­ous pa­ra­me­ters in lon­gi­tu­di­nal phase space, such as the fixed points, is­land tune, is­land width. The va­lid­ity of the an­a­lytic re­sults was checked by sim­u­la­tions. Fur­ther­more, the de­pen­dence of the bunch pa­ra­me­ters, such as en­ergy spread and bunch length, on the mod­u­la­tion set­tings is also dis­cussed in this paper.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB226  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 21 June 2021       issue date ※ 13 August 2021  
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TUPAB255 Longitudinal Beam Dynamics and Coherent Synchrotron Radiation at cSTART radiation, electron, storage-ring, synchrotron-radiation 2050
 
  • M. Schwarz, E. Bründermann, D. El Khechen, B. Härer, A. Malygin, A.-S. Müller, M.J. Nasse, A.I. Papash, R. Ruprecht, J. Schäfer, M. Schuh, P. Wesolowski
    KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
  
  The com­pact STor­age ring for Ac­cel­er­a­tor Re­search and Tech­nol­ogy (cSTART) pro­ject aims to store elec­tron bunches of LWFA-like beams in a very large mo­men­tum ac­cep­tance stor­age ring. The pro­ject will be re­al­ized at the Karl­sruhe In­sti­tute of Tech­nol­ogy (KIT, Ger­many). Ini­tially, the Fer­n­in­frarot Linac- Und Test-Ex­per­i­ment (FLUTE), a source of ul­tra-short bunches, will serve as an in­jec­tor for cSTART to bench­mark and em­u­late laser-wake­field ac­cel­er­a­tor-like beams. In a sec­ond stage a laser-plasma ac­cel­er­a­tor will be used as an in­jec­tor, which is being de­vel­oped as part of the ATHENA pro­ject in col­lab­o­ra­tion with DESY and Helmholtz In­sti­tute Jena (HIJ). With an en­ergy of 50 MeV and damp­ing times of sev­eral sec­onds, the elec­tron beam does not reach equi­lib­rium emit­tance. Fur­ther­more, the crit­i­cal fre­quency of syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion is 53 THz and in the same order as the bunch spec­trum, which im­plies that the en­tire bunch ra­di­ates co­her­ently. We per­form lon­gi­tu­di­nal par­ti­cle track­ing sim­u­la­tions to in­ves­ti­gate the evo­lu­tion of the bunch length and spec­trum as well as the emit­ted co­her­ent syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion. Fi­nally, dif­fer­ent op­tions for the RF sys­tem are dis­cussed.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB255  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 21 June 2021       issue date ※ 29 August 2021  
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TUPAB261 The Ferrite Loaded Cavity Impedance Simulation cavity, impedance, simulation, MMI 2070
 
  • L. Huang, X. Li, S. Wang, S.Y. Xu
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  • B. Wu
    IHEP CSNS, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
  
  Funding: Work supported by NNSF of China: N0. U1832210
The Rapid Cy­cling Syn­chro­tron of the China Spal­la­tion Neu­tron Source is a high-in­ten­sity pro­ton ac­cel­er­a­tor, it ac­cu­mu­lates the 80 MeV pro­ton beam and ac­cel­er­ates it to 1.6 GeV in 20 ms. The trans­verse cou­pling bunch in­sta­bil­ity is ob­served in beam com­mis­sion­ing. The source has been in­ves­ti­gat­ing from the com­mis­sion­ing. The RF ac­cel­er­a­tion sys­tem con­sists of eight fer­rite-loaded cav­i­ties. The im­ped­ance is sim­u­lated and there is a nar­row-band im­ped­ance of the fer­rite cav­ity at about 17 MHz 		 
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DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB261  
About • paper received ※ 13 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 31 May 2021       issue date ※ 21 August 2021  
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TUPAB262 The Characteristic of the Beam Position Growth in CSNS/RCS proton, neutron, MMI, impedance 2073
 
  • L. Huang, S. Wang
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  • S.Y. Xu
    DNSC, Dongguan, People’s Republic of China
  
  Funding: Work supported by NNSF of China: N0. U1832210
An in­sta­bil­ity of the beam po­si­tion growth is ob­served in the beam com­mis­sion­ing of the Rapid Cy­cling Syn­chro­tron of the China Spal­la­tion Neu­tron Source. To sim­plify the study, a se­ries of mea­sure­ments have been per­formed to char­ac­ter­ize the in­sta­bil­ity in the DC mode with con­sis­tent en­ergy of 80 MeV. The mea­sure­ment cam­paign is in­tro­duced in the paper and it con­forms to the char­ac­ter­is­tics of the cou­pled bunch in­sta­bil­ity. 		 
poster icon Poster TUPAB262 [3.748 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB262  
About • paper received ※ 13 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 June 2021       issue date ※ 22 August 2021  
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TUPAB282 Optical Beam Loss Monitor Based on Fibres for Beam Loss Monitoring and RF Breakdown Detection diagnostics, experiment, operation, machine-protect 2136
 
  • N. Kumar, C.P. Welsch, J. Wolfenden
    The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
  • N. Kumar, C.P. Welsch, J. Wolfenden
    Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  
  Funding: This project has received funding from STFC under grant reference ST/V001302/1.
Stan­dard beam loss mon­i­tors are used to de­tect losses at spe­cific lo­ca­tions which is not a prac­ti­cal so­lu­tion for loss mon­i­tor­ing through­out the whole beam-line. Op­ti­cal fibre beam loss mon­i­tors (oBLMs) are based on the de­tec­tion of Cherenkov ra­di­a­tion from high en­ergy charged par­ti­cles hav­ing the ad­van­tage of cov­er­ing more than 100 m of an ac­cel­er­a­tor with a sin­gle de­tec­tor. This sys­tem was suc­cess­fully in­stalled at the Aus­tralian Syn­chro­tron cov­er­ing the en­tire fa­cil­ity for beam loss mea­sure­ments. Suc­cess­ful mea­sure­ments were also demon­strated on the Com­pact Lin­ear Ac­cel­er­a­tor for Re­search and Ap­pli­ca­tions (CLARA), UK with sub-me­tre beam loss res­o­lu­tion. oBLMs are non-in­va­sive mon­i­tors for the de­tec­tion of the beam loss and RF break­down within par­ti­cle ac­cel­er­a­tors, which has been de­vel­oped by the QUASAR Group based at the Cock­croft In­sti­tute/Uni­ver­sity of Liv­er­pool, UK in col­lab­o­ra­tion of D-Beam Ltd, UK. This paper dis­cusses the overview of the sys­tem, the in­cor­po­ra­tion of the mon­i­tor into the ac­cel­er­a­tor di­ag­nos­tic sys­tem, cal­i­bra­tion ex­per­i­ment of oBLM and fu­ture plans for the sys­tem. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB282  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 June 2021       issue date ※ 10 August 2021  
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TUPAB323 Modular Type Quick Splicing Method for TPS Beamline Radiation Shielding Hutch radiation, shielding, scattering, neutron 2252
 
  • C.Y. Chang, C.H. Chang, S.H. Chang, C.L. Chen, Y.C. Lin, J.C. Liu, D.G. Liu, H.Y. Yan
    NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
  
  The syn­chro­tron light source is trans­ported to the ex­per­i­men­tal sta­tion through a beam­line with spec­i­fied op­tics, such as mask, mir­ror, slit, mono­chro­ma­tor. Gen­er­ally, stan­dard beam­line should use solid ma­te­ri­als (stain­less steel, tung­sten, lead, and PE) to block bremsstrahlung and syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tions, even the neu­tron. The ra­di­a­tion-shielded hutch sur­rounds the pe­riph­eral area of the beam­line with iron and lead pan­els. It re­quires block­ing the scat­ter­ing ra­di­a­tion to pro­tect the per­son against ra­di­a­tion haz­ards. A mod­u­lar­ized ra­di­a­tion shield­ing hutch in­cludes the frame, wall, and ceil­ing cover that can as­sem­ble on-site through splic­ing. This method could greatly shorten the in­stal­la­tion. Be­sides, we de­signed the mod­u­lar ceil­ing cover units with a quick mount­ing/open­ing func­tion to eas­ily en­able the main­te­nance and in­stal­la­tion of large op­ti­cal com­po­nents. The de­tails of the con­cept de­sign for the fixed-point ra­di­a­tion shield­ing hutch in the TPS beam­line are also re­ported that in­cludes the con­fig­u­ra­tions of the ra­di­a­tion shield­ing wall pan­els, frames, and pipes/ca­bles arrange­ments.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB323  
About • paper received ※ 13 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 10 June 2021       issue date ※ 21 August 2021  
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TUPAB324 Real-Time Radiation Monitoring System with Interlock Protection Mechanism in Taiwan Photon Source radiation, monitoring, neutron, electron 2256
 
  • Y.C. Lin, A.Y. Chen, C.-R. Chen, S.J. Huang, S.P. Kao, S.Y. Lin, J.C. Liu, P.J. Wen
    NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
  
  To en­sure ra­di­a­tion safety for per­son­nel work­ing in the fa­cil­ity, the Ra­di­a­tion and Op­er­a­tion Safety Di­vi­sion has in­stalled a real-time ra­di­a­tion mon­i­tor­ing sys­tem in the work­ing area to mon­i­tor gamma rays and neu­trons, for which the an­nual dosage limit is de­signed to be less than 1 mSv/year. Con­sid­er­ing 2000 work­ing hours for users and staff mem­bers, we have de­rived a con­trol dose rate limit 2 µSv/4h for in­ter­lock pro­tec­tion. If the ac­cu­mu­lated ra­di­a­tion dose mon­i­tored with the sys­tem ex­ceeds 2µSv within a 4-h count­ing in­ter­val, the ra­di­a­tion mon­i­tor­ing sta­tion sends a sig­nal to the in­ter­lock sys­tem to stop in­jec­tion until the next count­ing pe­riod in­ter­val. This paper in­tro­duces the ra­di­a­tion mon­i­tor­ing sys­tem and its re­lated de­sign in­for­ma­tion in Tai­wan Pho­ton Source.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB324  
About • paper received ※ 14 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 21 June 2021       issue date ※ 27 August 2021  
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TUPAB325 Data-Driven Risk Matrices for CERN’s Accelerators operation, proton, linac, machine-protect 2260
 
  • T. Cartier-Michaud, A. Apollonio, G.B. Blarasin, B. Todd, J.A. Uythoven
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  Funding: Research supported by the HL-LHC project.
A risk ma­trix is a com­mon tool used in risk as­sess­ment, defin­ing risk lev­els with re­spect to the sever­ity and prob­a­bil­ity of the oc­cur­rence of an un­de­sired event. Risk lev­els can then be used for dif­fer­ent pur­poses, e.g. defin­ing sub­sys­tem re­li­a­bil­ity or per­son­nel safety re­quire­ments. Over the his­tory of the Large Hadron Col­lider (LHC), sev­eral risk ma­tri­ces have been de­fined to guide sys­tem de­sign. Ini­tially, these were fo­cused on ma­chine pro­tec­tion sys­tems, more re­cently these have also been used to pri­or­i­tize con­sol­i­da­tion ac­tiv­i­ties. A new data-dri­ven de­vel­op­ment of risk ma­tri­ces for CERN’s ac­cel­er­a­tors is pre­sented in this paper, based on data col­lected in the CERN Ac­cel­er­a­tor Fault Tracker (AFT). The data-dri­ven ap­proach im­proves the gran­u­lar­ity of the as­sess­ment, and lim­its un­cer­tainty in the risk es­ti­ma­tion, as it is based on op­er­a­tional ex­pe­ri­ence. In this paper the au­thors in­tro­duce the math­e­mat­i­cal frame­work, based on op­er­a­tional fail­ure data, and pre­sent the re­sult­ing risk ma­trix for LHC. 		 
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DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB325  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 24 June 2021       issue date ※ 17 August 2021  
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TUPAB326 Injection Optimization and Study of XiPAF Synchrotron injection, simulation, proton, experiment 2264
 
  • X.Y. Liu, X. Guan, Y. Li, M.W. Wang, X.W. Wang, H.J. Yao, W.B. Ye, H.J. Zeng, S.X. Zheng
    TUB, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  • W.L. Liu, D. Wang, M.C. Wang, Z.M. Wang, Y. Yang, M.T. Zhao
    NINT, Shannxi, People’s Republic of China
  
  The syn­chro­tron of XiPAF (Xi’an 200MeV pro­ton ap­pli­ca­tion Fa­cil­ity) is a com­pact pro­ton syn­chro­tron, which using H- strip­ping in­jec­tion and phase space paint­ing scheme. Now XiPAF is under com­mis­sion­ing with some achieve­ments, the cur­rent in­ten­sity after in­jec­tion reach 43mA, the cor­re­spond­ing par­ti­cle num­ber is 2.3·1011, and the in­jec­tion ef­fi­ciency is 57%. The sim­u­la­tion re­sults by Py­Or­bit show that the in­jec­tion ef­fi­ciency is 77%. In this paper, we re­port how the in­jec­tion in­ten­sity and ef­fi­ciency were op­ti­mized. We an­a­lyzed the dif­fer­ence be­tween sim­u­la­tion and ex­per­i­ments, and quan­ti­ta­tively in­ves­ti­gate the fac­tors af­fect­ing in­jec­tion ef­fi­ciency through ex­per­i­ments.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB326  
About • paper received ※ 14 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 22 June 2021       issue date ※ 22 August 2021  
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TUPAB358 Novel 500 MHz Solid State Power Amplifier Module Development at Sirius cavity, operation, impedance, storage-ring 2349
 
  • M.H. Wallner, R.H. Farias, A.P.B. Lima, F. Santiago de Oliveira
    LNLS, Campinas, Brazil
  
  A new solid state power am­pli­fier (SSPA) mod­ule is being de­vel­oped at the Brazil­ian Cen­ter for Re­search in En­ergy and Ma­te­ri­als (CNPEM) to drive one of the su­per­con­duct­ing RF cav­i­ties to be in­stalled at Sir­ius, its new 3 GeV fourth gen­er­a­tion syn­chro­tron light source. Sev­eral pro­to­types have been built and tested in-house, and a pla­nar balun was de­signed to achieve a push-pull con­fig­u­ra­tion at deep class AB op­er­a­tion. Ef­forts to op­ti­mize heat ex­change in var­i­ous ways have been made. Re­sults ob­tained thus far are pre­sented and the next steps con­cern­ing de­vel­op­ment are dis­cussed.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB358  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 18 June 2021       issue date ※ 19 August 2021  
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TUPAB372 Status of the Quadrupole Doublet Module Series Manfacturing quadrupole, alignment, cryogenics, site 2388
 
  • T. Winkler, A. Bleile, L.H.J. Bozyk, V.I. Datskov, J. Ketter, P. Kowina, J.P. Meier, N. Pyka, C. Roux, P.J. Spiller, K. Sugita, A. Waldt, St. Wilfert
    GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
  
  The 83 Quadru­pole Dou­blet Mod­ules (QDM) for the heavy-ion-syn­chro­tron SIS100 of the FAIR pro­ject at GSI are highly in­te­grated cryo­genic mod­ules con­tain­ing mul­ti­ple mag­nets. Each of eleven dif­fer­ent QDM types con­sists of two units, where one unit con­sists of one quadru­pole mag­net as well as cor­rec­tor mag­nets de­pend­ing on the mod­ules po­si­tion in the ac­cel­er­a­tor Ion-Op­ti­cal Lat­tice. Ad­di­tion­ally, the QDMs con­tain cryo­genic col­li­ma­tors, beam di­ag­nos­tics, as well as cryo­genic UHV beam pipes. The mod­ules con­tain parts from mul­ti­ple sup­pli­ers in­creas­ing the lo­gis­tics be­hinds the QDMs de­sign fur­ther. We pre­sent the process of the mod­ule in­te­gra­tion, give de­tails on the cur­rent in­te­gra­tion sta­tus and pre­sent an out­look on the time­line for the QDM in­te­gra­tion plan­ning.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB372  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 June 2021       issue date ※ 21 August 2021  
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TUPAB378 Superconducting Dipole Magnets for the SIS100 Synchrotron dipole, multipole, operation, simulation 2401
 
  • F. Kaether, P. Aguar Bartolome, A. Bleile, G. Golluccio, J. Ketter, P. Kosek, F. Kurian, V. Marusov, J.P. Meier, S.S. Mohite, C. Roux, P.J. Spiller, K. Sugita, A. Szwangruber, P.B. Szwangruber, A. Warth, H.G. Weiss
    GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
  
  The Fa­cil­ity for An­tipro­ton and Ion Re­search (FAIR) is cur­rently under con­struc­tion at GSI Darm­stadt, Ger­many. For its main ac­ce­lara­tor, the SIS100 syn­chro­tron, 110 su­per­con­duct­ing di­pole mag­nets has been pro­duced and ex­ten­sively tested. The fast-ramped Nu­clotron-type su­per­fer­ric dipoles were man­u­fac­tured with high ef­fort re­gard­ing a pre­cise mag­netic field which could be proven by mag­netic field mea­sure­ments with high ac­cu­racy. Sta­ble op­er­a­tion con­di­tions at 4.5 K were achieved in­clud­ing an ex­cel­lent quench be­hav­iour and pre­cise geo­met­ri­cal and elec­tri­cal prop­er­ties. An overview on de­sign, pro­duc­tion, op­er­a­tion, tests and mea­sure­ment re­sults will be given.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB378  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 21 June 2021       issue date ※ 10 August 2021  
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TUPAB380 Testing of the First of Series Quadrupole Doublet Module for the SIS100 Synchrotron quadrupole, operation, superconducting-magnet, cryogenics 2409
 
  • P. Aguar Bartolome, M. Al Ghanem, M. Becker, A. Bleile, R. Bluemel, L.H.J. Bozyk, V.I. Datskov, W. Freisleben, A. Kario, P. Kowina, K.K. Kozlowski, F. Kurian, S. Lindner, J.P. Meier, T. Miertsch, S.S. Mohite, V.P. Plyusnin, I. Pongrac, C. Roux, C. Schroeder, P.J. Spiller, K. Sugita, A. Szwangruber, P.B. Szwangruber, F. Walter, H. Welker, St. Wilfert, T. Winkler, S. Zeller
    GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
  
  A new in­ter­na­tional fa­cil­ity for an­tipro­ton and ion re­search (FAIR) is cur­rently under con­struc­tion in Darm­stadt, Ger­many. The high in­ten­sity pri­mary beam re­quired for dif­fer­ent re­search ex­per­i­ments will be pro­vided by the SIS100 heavy ion syn­chro­tron. The syn­chro­tron is com­posed of fast cy­cling su­per­con­duct­ing mag­nets from which about 300 will be in­te­grated in Quadru­pole Dou­blet Mod­ules (QDM). Each mod­ule con­sists of two units com­posed of a quadru­pole and cor­rec­tor mag­nets. The First of Se­ries Quadru­pole Dou­blet Mod­ule was de­liv­ered to the test fa­cil­ity at GSI in No­vem­ber 2019. The as­sem­bled dou­blet was sub­jected to a ded­i­cated test pro­gram to ver­ify the func­tion­al­ity of the mod­ule com­po­nents at cryo­genic tem­per­a­ture and op­er­at­ing con­di­tions. The re­sults ob­tained dur­ing the test­ing cam­paign will be pre­sented.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB380  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 18 June 2021       issue date ※ 02 September 2021  
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TUPAB383 Magnetic Field Performance of the First Serial Quadrupole Units for the SIS100 Synchrotron of FAIR quadrupole, multipole, cryogenics, heavy-ion 2417
 
  • V.V. Borisov, O. Golubitsky, H.G. Khodzhibagiyan, B.Yu. Kondratiev, M.M. Shandov
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  • E.S. Fischer, M.A. Kashunin, S.A. Kostromin, I. Nikolaichuk, T. Parfylo, A.V. Shemchuk, D.A. Zolotykh
    JINR/VBLHEP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
  
  The FAIR pro­ject is a new in­ter­na­tional ac­cel­er­a­tor com­plex, cur­rently under con­struc­tion in Darm­stadt, Ger­many. The heavy-ion syn­chro­tron SIS100 is the main ac­cel­er­a­tor of the whole com­plex. It will pro­vide high-in­ten­sity pri­mary beams with a mag­netic rigid­ity of 100 Tm and a max­i­mum rep­e­ti­tion rate up to 4 Hz. The se­ries pro­duc­tion and test­ing of su­per­con­duct­ing quadru­pole units began in 2020 at JINR, Dubna. The first batch of units was de­liv­ered to Ger­many in Sep­tem­ber 2020. Each unit is sub­jected to a com­pre­hen­sive test­ing pro­gram both at am­bi­ent tem­per­a­ture and under cryo­genic con­di­tions. We pre­sent the per­for­mance char­ac­ter­is­tics of the first quadru­pole units (con­sist­ing of a lat­tice quadru­pole mag­net and cor­rect­ing mag­net me­chan­i­cally and hy­drauli­cally cou­pled to a quadru­pole). The main at­ten­tion is paid to the field qual­ity of the se­ries of 6 quadrupoles mea­sured by the same probe.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB383  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 June 2021       issue date ※ 01 September 2021  
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TUPAB402 Review of Technologies for Ion Therapy Accelerators extraction, proton, linac, heavy-ion 2465
 
  • H.X.Q. Norman, R.B. Appleby, A.F. Steinberg
    UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
  • E. Benedetto
    TERA, Novara, Italy
  • E. Benedetto, M. Sapinski
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  • H.L. Owen
    STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  • H.L. Owen
    Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  • M. Sapinski
    GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
  • S.L. Sheehy
    The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
  
  Can­cer ther­apy using pro­tons and heav­ier ions such as car­bon has demon­strated ad­van­tages over other ra­dio­ther­apy treat­ments. To bring about the next gen­er­a­tion of clin­i­cal fa­cil­i­ties, the re­quire­ments are likely to re­duce the foot­print, ob­tain beam in­ten­si­ties above 1E10 par­ti­cles per spill, and achieve faster ex­trac­tion for more rapid, flex­i­ble treat­ment. This re­view fol­lows the tech­ni­cal de­vel­op­ment of ion ther­apy, dis­cussing how ma­chine pa­ra­me­ters have evolved, as well as trends emerg­ing in tech­nolo­gies for novel treat­ments such as FLASH. To con­clude, the fu­ture prospects of ion ther­apy ac­cel­er­a­tors are eval­u­ated.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB402  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 28 July 2021       issue date ※ 24 August 2021  
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WEPAB002 The Interaction Region of the Electron-Ion Collider EIC electron, radiation, synchrotron-radiation, detector 2574
 
  • H. Witte, J. Adam, M. Anerella, E.C. Aschenauer, J.S. Berg, M. Blaskiewicz, A. Blednykh, W. Christie, J.P. Cozzolino, K.A. Drees, D.M. Gassner, K. Hamdi, C. Hetzel, H.M. Hocker, D. Holmes, A. Jentsch, A. Kiselev, P. Kovach, H. Lovelace III, Y. Luo, G.J. Mahler, A. Marone, G.T. McIntyre, C. Montag, R.B. Palmer, B. Parker, S. Peggs, S.R. Plate, V. Ptitsyn, G. Robert-Demolaize, C.E. Runyan, J. Schmalzle, K.S. Smith, S. Tepikian, P. Thieberger, J.E. Tuozzolo, F.J. Willeke, Q. Wu, Z. Zhang
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
  • B.R. Gamage, T.J. Michalski, V.S. Morozov, M.L. Stutzman, W. Wittmer
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  • M.K. Sullivan
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
This paper pre­sents an overview of the In­ter­ac­tion Re­gion (IR) de­sign for the planned Elec­tron-Ion Col­lider (EIC) at Brookhaven Na­tional Lab­o­ra­tory. The IR is de­signed to meet the re­quire­ments of the nu­clear physics com­mu­nity *. The IR de­sign fea­tures a ±4.5 m free space for the de­tec­tor; a for­ward spec­trom­e­ter mag­net is used for the de­tec­tion of hadrons scat­tered under small an­gles. The hadrons are sep­a­rated from the neu­trons al­low­ing de­tec­tion of neu­trons up to ±4 mrad. On the rear side, the elec­trons are sep­a­rated from pho­tons using a weak di­pole mag­net for the lu­mi­nos­ity mon­i­tor and to de­tect scat­tered elec­trons (e-tag­ger). To avoid syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion back­grounds in the de­tec­tor no strong elec­tron bend­ing mag­net is placed within 40 m up­stream of the IP. The mag­net aper­tures on the rear side are large enough to allow syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion to pass through the mag­nets. The beam pipe has been op­ti­mized to re­duce the im­ped­ance; the total power loss in the cen­tral vac­uum cham­ber is ex­pected to be less than 90 W. To re­duce risk and cost the IR is de­signed to em­ploy stan­dard NbTi su­per­con­duct­ing mag­nets, which are de­scribed in a sep­a­rate paper.
* An Assessment of U.S.-Based Electron-Ion Collider Science. (2018). Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/25171
 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB002  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 25 June 2021       issue date ※ 31 August 2021  
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WEPAB018 Space-Charge Effects in Ionization Beam Profile Monitors proton, booster, space-charge, electron 2628
 
  • V.D. Shiltsev
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  
  Ion­iza­tion pro­file mon­i­tors (IPMs) are widely used in ac­cel­er­a­tors for non-de­struc­tive and fast di­ag­nos­tics of high en­ergy par­ti­cle beams. At high beam in­ten­si­ties, the space-charge forces make the mea­sured IPM pro­files sig­nif­i­cantly dif­fer­ent from those of the beams. We an­a­lyze dy­nam­ics of the sec­on­daries in IPMs and de­velop an ef­fec­tive al­go­rithm to re­con­struct the beam sizes from the mea­sured IPM pro­files. Ef­fi­ciency of the de­vel­oped the­ory is il­lus­trated in ap­pli­ca­tion to the Fer­mi­lab 8 GeV pro­ton Booster IPMs.  
poster icon Poster WEPAB018 [0.731 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB018  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 24 June 2021       issue date ※ 20 August 2021  
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WEPAB083 Effect of Negative Momentum Compaction Operation on the Current-Dependent Bunch Length operation, simulation, bunching, storage-ring 2786
 
  • P. Schreiber, T. Boltz, M. Brosi, B. Härer, A. Mochihashi, A.-S. Müller, A.I. Papash, R. Ruprecht, M. Schuh
    KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
  
  Funding: Funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme, Grant Agreement No 730871. P.S, T.B are supported by DFG-funded Karlsruhe School of Elementary and Astroparticle Physics.
New op­er­a­tion modes are often con­sid­ered dur­ing the de­vel­op­ment of new syn­chro­tron light sources. An un­der­stand­ing of the ef­fects in­volved is in­evitable for a suc­cess­ful op­er­a­tion of these schemes. At the KIT stor­age ring KARA (Karl­sruhe Re­search Ac­cel­er­a­tor), new modes can be im­ple­mented and tested at var­i­ous en­er­gies, em­ploy­ing a va­ri­ety of per­for­mant beam di­ag­nos­tics de­vices. Neg­a­tive mo­men­tum com­paction op­tics at var­i­ous en­er­gies have been es­tab­lished. Also, the in­flu­ence of a neg­a­tive mo­men­tum com­paction fac­tor on dif­fer­ent ef­fects has been in­ves­ti­gated. This con­tri­bu­tion com­prises a short re­port on the sta­tus of the im­ple­men­ta­tion of a neg­a­tive mo­men­tum com­paction op­tics at KARA. Ad­di­tion­ally, first mea­sure­ments of the changes to the cur­rent-de­pen­dent bunch length will be pre­sented. 		 
poster icon Poster WEPAB083 [1.129 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB083  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 01 July 2021       issue date ※ 26 August 2021  
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WEPAB087 Observation of Undulator Radiation Generated by a Single Electron Circulating in a Storage Ring and Possible Applications electron, radiation, photon, undulator 2790
 
  • I. Lobach
    University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
  • A. Halavanau, Z. Huang
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  • K. Kim
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
  • S. Nagaitsev, A.L. Romanov, G. Stancari, A. Valishev
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  
  An ex­per­i­men­tal study into the un­du­la­tor ra­di­a­tion, gen­er­ated by a sin­gle elec­tron was car­ried out at the In­te­grable Op­tics Test Ac­cel­er­a­tor (IOTA) stor­age ring at Fer­mi­lab. The in­di­vid­ual pho­tons were de­tected by a Sin­gle Pho­ton Avalanche Diode (SPAD) at an av­er­age rate of 1 de­tec­tion per 300 rev­o­lu­tions in the ring. The de­tec­tion events were con­tin­u­ously recorded by a pi­cosec­ond event timer for as long as 1 minute at a time. The col­lected data were used to test if there is any de­vi­a­tion from the clas­si­cally pre­dicted Pois­son­ian pho­to­sta­tis­tics. It was mo­ti­vated by the ob­ser­va­tion * of sub-Pois­son­ian sta­tis­tics in a sim­i­lar ex­per­i­ment. The ob­ser­va­tion * could be an in­stru­men­ta­tion ef­fect re­lated to low de­tec­tion ef­fi­ciency and long de­tec­tor dead time. In our ex­per­i­ment, the de­tec­tor (SPAD) has a much higher ef­fi­ciency (65%) and a much lower dead time. In ad­di­tion, we show that the col­lected data (recorded de­tec­tion times) can be used to study the syn­chro­tron mo­tion of a sin­gle elec­tron and infer some pa­ra­me­ters of the ring. For ex­am­ple, by com­par­ing the re­sults of sim­u­la­tion and mea­sure­ment for the syn­chro­tron mo­tion we were able to es­ti­mate the mag­ni­tude of the RF phase jit­ter.
* Teng Chen and John M. J. Madey, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 5906, June 2001 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB087  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 24 June 2021       issue date ※ 16 August 2021  
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WEPAB088 Transverse Beam Emittance Measurement by Undulator Radiation Power Noise radiation, emittance, undulator, optics 2794
 
  • I. Lobach
    University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
  • A. Halavanau, Z. Huang
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  • K. Kim
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
  • V.A. Lebedev, S. Nagaitsev, A.L. Romanov, G. Stancari, A. Valishev
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  
  Gen­er­ally, turn-to-turn power fluc­tu­a­tions of in­co­her­ent spon­ta­neous syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion in a stor­age ring de­pend on the 6D phase-space dis­tri­b­u­tion of the elec­tron bunch. In some cases, if only one pa­ra­me­ter of the dis­tri­b­u­tion is un­known, this pa­ra­me­ter can be de­ter­mined from the mea­sured mag­ni­tude of these power fluc­tu­a­tions. In this con­tri­bu­tion, we re­port the re­sults of our ex­per­i­ment at the In­te­grable Op­tics Test Ac­cel­er­a­tor (IOTA) stor­age ring, where we car­ried out an ab­solute mea­sure­ment (no free pa­ra­me­ters or cal­i­bra­tion) of a small ver­ti­cal emit­tance (5–15 nm rms) of a flat beam by this new method, under con­di­tions, when the small ver­ti­cal emit­tance is un­re­solv­able by a con­ven­tional syn­chro­tron light beam size mon­i­tor.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB088  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 24 June 2021       issue date ※ 12 August 2021  
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WEPAB089 Conceptual Design of Booster Synchrotron for Siam Photon Source II booster, lattice, dipole, focusing 2795
 
  • S. Krainara, S. Klinkhieo, P. Klysubun, T. Pulampong, P. Sudmuang
    SLRI, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
  
  Funding: Synchrotron Light Research Institute (Public organization)
A pro­ject on a 3.0 GeV Siam Pho­ton Source II (SPS-II) has been started. The stor­age ring of SPS-II was de­signed to ob­tain an elec­tron beam with a low-emit­tance below 1 nm-rad. The SPS-II in­jec­tor mainly con­sists of a 150 MeV linac and a full-en­ergy booster syn­chro­tron. The booster syn­chro­tron will be in­stalled in the same tun­nel as the stor­age ring, with a total cir­cum­fer­ence of 304.829 me­ters. The pro­posed lat­tice of the booster con­tains 40 mod­i­fied FODO cells with com­bined func­tion mag­nets. This lat­tice achieves a small beam emit­tance less than 10 nm-rad at 3 GeV, which can pro­vide a high in­jec­tion ef­fi­ciency for top-up op­er­a­tion. The con­cep­tual de­sign for SPS-II booster syn­chro­tron is pre­sented in this work. 		 
poster icon Poster WEPAB089 [1.187 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB089  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 08 June 2021       issue date ※ 24 August 2021  
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WEPAB128 Recent Experience with Magnet Sorting for APS-U Hybrid Undulators undulator, quadrupole, photon, permanent-magnet 2910
 
  • I. Vasserman, R.J. Dejus, Y. Piao, M.F. Qian, J.Z. Xu
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, under contract number DE-AC02-06CH11357.
The qual­ity of per­ma­nent mag­nets plays a par­tic­u­larly im­por­tant role in un­du­la­tor per­for­mance. Many dif­fer­ent types of mag­net sort­ing to en­hance un­du­la­tor per­for­mance have been car­ried out at dif­fer­ent fa­cil­i­ties. Mean­while, progress in im­prov­ing mag­net qual­ity has been made by dif­fer­ent ven­dors. At the Ad­vanced Pho­ton Source (APS) we have as­sem­bled, mea­sured, and an­a­lyzed over 14 new un­du­la­tors of the same me­chan­i­cal de­sign, some of them with sorted mag­nets and some un­sorted. The per­for­mance dif­fer­ences ap­pear to be in­signif­i­cant in meet­ing the tight APS Up­grade (APS-U) un­du­la­tor re­quire­ments. 		 
poster icon Poster WEPAB128 [0.395 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB128  
About • paper received ※ 16 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 09 June 2021       issue date ※ 10 August 2021  
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WEPAB179 Recent Status of J-PARC Rapid Cycling Synchrotron operation, shielding, injection, proton 3027
 
  • K. Yamamoto
    JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan
  
  The 3 GeV rapid cy­cling syn­chro­tron (RCS) at the Ja-pan Pro­ton Ac­cel­er­a­tor Re­search Com­plex (J-PARC) pro­vides more than 500 kW beams to the Ma­te­r­ial and Life Sci­ence Fa­cil­ity (MLF) and Main Ring (MR). In such a high-in­ten­sity hadron ac­cel­er­a­tor, even los­ing less than 0.1% of the beam can cause many prob­lems. Such lost pro­tons can cause se­ri­ous ra­dio-ac­ti­va­tion and ac­cel­er­a­tor com­po­nent mal­func­tions. There­fore, we have been con­tin­u­ing a beam study to achieve high-power op­er­a­tion. In ad­di­tion, we have also im­proved and main­tained the ac­cel­er­a­tor com­po­nents to en­able sta­ble op­er­a­tion. This paper re­ports the sta­tus of the J-PARC RCS over the last two years.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB179  
About • paper received ※ 13 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 25 June 2021       issue date ※ 22 August 2021  
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WEPAB198 Beam Dynamics Design of a Synchrotron Injector with Laser-Accelerated Ions laser, emittance, quadrupole, simulation 3085
 
  • M.Z. Tuo, X. Guan, W. Lu, P.F. Ma, Y. Wan, X.W. Wang, Q.Z. Xing, H.J. Yao, S.X. Zheng
    TUB, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  
  We pre­sent, in this paper, the beam dy­nam­ics de­sign of a linac in­jec­tor with laser-ac­cel­er­ated car­bon-ions for a med­ical syn­chro­tron. In the de­sign, the ini­tial trans­verse di­ver­gence is re­duced by two aper­tures. The beam is fo­cused trans­versely through a quadru­pole triplet lens down­stream the aper­tures. The out­put en­ergy spread of the ex­tracted beam at the exit of the in­jec­tor is com­pressed from ±6% to ±0.6% by a de­buncher and a bend mag­net sys­tem to meet the in­jec­tion re­quire­ment for the syn­chro­tron. By chang­ing the width of imag­ing slit of the bend mag­net sys­tem, the beam with en­ergy of 4±0.024 MeV/u is ex­tracted, and the par­ti­cle num­ber per shot and trans­verse emit­tances of the beam at the exit of the in­jec­tor can be reg­u­lated through ad­just­ing the slit height. The dy­nam­ics de­sign can pave the way for the fu­ture con­cept re­search of the syn­chro­tron in­jec­tor.  
poster icon Poster WEPAB198 [1.034 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB198  
About • paper received ※ 16 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 16 June 2021       issue date ※ 18 August 2021  
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WEPAB205 XiPAF Synchrotron Slow Extraction Commissioning extraction, experiment, proton, sextupole 3106
 
  • W.B. Ye, X. Guan, Y. Li, X.Y. Liu, M.W. Wang, X.W. Wang, Y. Yang, H.J. Yao, H.J. Zeng, S.X. Zheng
    TUB, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  • W.L. Liu, D. Wang, M.C. Wang, Z.M. Wang, Y. Yang, M.T. Zhao
    NINT, Shannxi, People’s Republic of China
  
  Xi’an 200 MeV Pro­ton Ap­pli­ca­tion Fa­cil­ity (XiPAF) is a pro­ject to ful­fill the need for the ex­per­i­men­tal sim­u­la­tion of the space ra­di­a­tion en­vi­ron­ment. It com­prises a 7 MeV H− linac, a 60~230 MeV pro­ton syn­chro­tron, and ex­per­i­men­tal sta­tions. Slow ex­trac­tion com­mis­sion­ing for 60 MeV pro­ton beam in XiPAF syn­chro­tron has been fin­ished. After com­mis­sion­ing, the max­i­mal ex­per­i­ment ex­trac­tion ef­fi­ciency with the RF-knock­out (RF-KO) method can up to 85%. The rea­son for beam loss has been an­a­lyzed and pre­sented in this paper. Be­sides, an ex­per­i­ment of mul­ti­ple en­ergy ex­trac­tion has been con­ducted in XiPAF syn­chro­tron. The pro­ton beams of 3 dif­fer­ent en­er­gies were suc­cess­fully ex­tracted in 1.54 s.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB205  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 07 July 2021       issue date ※ 31 August 2021  
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WEPAB222 Impedance Evaluation of Masks in the HEPS Storage Ring impedance, resonance, wakefield, radiation 3145
 
  • N. Wang, S.K. Tian, J.Q. Wang
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  • J.Q. Wang
    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  
  Masks are com­monly used in pho­ton light sources to pro­tect sen­si­tive el­e­ments from syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tions. In the ul­tra-low emit­tance rings, small aper­ture vac­uum cham­bers are adopted in order to reach the very high gra­di­ent in the quadrupoles, while many masks are re­quired due to the high ra­di­a­tion power den­sity. There­fore, the im­ped­ance of the masks be­comes one of the dom­i­nant con­trib­u­tors to the im­ped­ance bud­get. In this paper, the im­ped­ance is eval­u­ated among dif­fer­ent mask de­signs. Mean­while, the im­ped­ance cross-talk be­tween ad­ja­cent masks is dis­cussed.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB222  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 06 July 2021       issue date ※ 15 August 2021  
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WEPAB227 Mechanism of Longitudinal Single-Bunch Instability in the CERN SPS impedance, simulation, coupling, emittance 3161
 
  • I. Karpov
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  • M. Gadioux
    UCD, Dublin, Ireland
  
  Un­der­stand­ing the ori­gin of beam in­sta­bil­i­ties is es­sen­tial for reach­ing the high­est per­for­mance of pro­ton syn­chro­trons. In the pre­sent work, the Oide-Yokoya eigen­value method of solv­ing the lin­earised Vlasov equa­tion was used to shed light on the mech­a­nism of lon­gi­tu­di­nal sin­gle-bunch in­sta­bil­ity in the CERN SPS. In par­tic­u­lar, semi-an­a­lyt­i­cal cal­cu­la­tions were done for the full lon­gi­tu­di­nal im­ped­ance model, tak­ing into ac­count the RF non­lin­ear­ity. The ob­tained re­sults agree well with macro-par­ti­cle sim­u­la­tions and are con­sis­tent with avail­able beam mea­sure­ments. For the first time, the in­sta­bil­ity has been in­ter­preted as a cou­pling of ra­dial modes within a sin­gle az­imuthal mode, due to a strong po­ten­tial-well dis­tor­tion of the syn­chro­tron-fre­quency dis­tri­b­u­tion. To avoid this in­sta­bil­ity, a higher RF volt­age is re­quired at a given emit­tance. Thus, the in­sta­bil­ity mech­a­nism is very dif­fer­ent from the loss of Lan­dau damp­ing, which, in con­trast, is mit­i­gated by a lower RF volt­age. This un­der­stand­ing also al­lowed us to op­ti­mise the RF volt­age pro­grammes dur­ing the ac­cel­er­a­tion cycle for high-in­ten­sity bunches used in the AWAKE ex­per­i­ment at CERN.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB227  
About • paper received ※ 12 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 01 July 2021       issue date ※ 15 August 2021  
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WEPAB233 Excitation of Micro-Bunching in Short Electron Bunches Using RF Amplitude Modulation bunching, electron, radiation, experiment 3173
 
  • T. Boltz, E. Blomley, M. Brosi, E. Bründermann, B. Härer, A. Mochihashi, A.-S. Müller, P. Schreiber, M. Schuh, M. Yan
    KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
  
  In its short-bunch op­er­a­tion mode, the KIT stor­age ring KARA pro­vides pi­cosec­ond-long elec­tron bunches, which emit co­her­ent syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion (CSR) up to the ter­a­hertz fre­quency range. Due to the high spa­tial com­pres­sion under these con­di­tions, the self-in­ter­ac­tion of the bunch with its own emit­ted CSR in­duces a wake-field, which sig­nif­i­cantly in­flu­ences the lon­gi­tu­di­nal charge dis­tri­b­u­tion. Above a given thresh­old cur­rent, this leads to the for­ma­tion of dy­nam­i­cally evolv­ing mi­cro-struc­tures within the bunch and is thus called mi­cro-bunch­ing in­sta­bil­ity. As CSR is emit­ted at wave­lengths cor­re­spond­ing to the spa­tial di­men­sion of the emit­ter, these small struc­tures lead to an in­creased emis­sion of CSR at higher fre­quen­cies. The in­sta­bil­ity is there­fore de­lib­er­ately in­duced at KARA to pro­vide in­tense THz ra­di­a­tion to ded­i­cated ex­per­i­ments. To fur­ther in­crease the emit­ted power in the de­sired fre­quency range, we con­sider the po­ten­tial of RF am­pli­tude mod­u­la­tions to in­ten­tion­ally ex­cite this form of mi­cro-bunch­ing in short elec­tron bunches. This work is sup­ported by the BMBF pro­ject 05K19VKC TiMo (Fed­eral Min­istry of Ed­u­ca­tion and Re­search).  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB233  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 01 July 2021       issue date ※ 17 August 2021  
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WEPAB240 Increasing the Single-Bunch Instability Threshold by Bunch Splitting Due to RF Phase Modulation radiation, detector, electron, synchrotron-radiation 3193
 
  • J.L. Steinmann, E. Blomley, M. Brosi, E. Bründermann, A. Mochihashi, A.-S. Müller, M. Schuh, P. Schönfeldt
    KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
  
  Funding: This work is funded by the BMBF contract number: 05K16VKA.
RF phase mod­u­la­tion at twice the syn­chro­tron fre­quency can be used to split a stored elec­tron bunch into two or more bunch­lets or­bit­ing each other. We re­port on time-re­solved mea­sure­ments at the Karl­sruhe Re­search Ac­cel­er­a­tor (KARA), where this bunch split­ting was used to in­crease the thresh­old cur­rent of the mi­crobunch­ing in­sta­bil­ity, hap­pen­ing in the short-bunch op­er­a­tion mode. Turn­ing the mod­u­la­tion on and off re­pro­ducibly af­fects the saw­tooth be­hav­ior of the emit­ted co­her­ent syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB240  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 08 July 2021       issue date ※ 18 August 2021  
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WEPAB246 Influence of Different Beam Energies on the Micro-Bunching Instability bunching, damping, radiation, operation 3209
 
  • M. Brosi, A.-S. Müller, P. Schreiber, M. Schuh
    KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
  
  Dur­ing the op­er­a­tion of an elec­tron syn­chro­tron with short elec­tron bunches, the beam dy­nam­ics are in­flu­enced by the oc­cur­rence of the mi­cro-bunch­ing in­sta­bil­ity. This col­lec­tive in­sta­bil­ity is caused by the self-in­ter­ac­tion of a short elec­tron bunch with its own emit­ted co­her­ent syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion (CSR). Above a cer­tain thresh­old bunch cur­rent dy­namic mi­cro-struc­tures start to occur on the lon­gi­tu­di­nal phase space den­sity. The re­sult­ing dy­nam­ics de­pend on var­i­ous pa­ra­me­ters and were pre­vi­ously in­ves­ti­gated in re­la­tion to, amongst oth­ers, the mo­men­tum com­paction fac­tor and the ac­cel­er­a­tion volt­age. In this con­tri­bu­tion, the in­flu­ence of the en­ergy of the elec­trons on the dy­nam­ics of the mi­cro-bunch­ing in­sta­bil­ity is stud­ied based on mea­sure­ments at the KIT stor­age ring KARA (Karl­sruhe Re­search Ac­cel­er­a­tor).  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB246  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 08 July 2021       issue date ※ 11 August 2021  
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WEPAB250 Interplay Between Space Charge, Intra-Beam Scattering, and Synchrotron Radiation Effects resonance, emittance, space-charge, damping 3220
 
  • M. Zampetakis, F. Antoniou, H. Bartosik, Y. Papaphilippou
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • M. Zampetakis
    University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
  
  The ob­jec­tive of this re­search is to study the in­ter­play of syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion, in­tra-beam scat­ter­ing, and space charge in the vicin­ity of ex­cited res­o­nances. In this re­spect, two mod­ules were de­vel­oped to sim­u­late in­tra-beam scat­ter­ing and syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion ef­fects and plugged into py­OR­BIT to be used to­gether with its space charge mod­ule. Dif­fer­ent regimes of syn­chro­tron mo­tion were used to study the re­sponse of the beam to a lat­tice res­o­nance when space charge, in­tra-beam scat­ter­ing and syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion are pre­sent.  
poster icon Poster WEPAB250 [0.536 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB250  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 21 July 2021       issue date ※ 25 August 2021  
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WEPAB263 Complex Unit Lattice Cell for Low-Emittance Synchrotrons lattice, sextupole, emittance, focusing 3254
 
  • Z.L. Ren, Z.H. Bai, J.J. Tan, L. Wang, H. Xu, P.H. Yang
    USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
  
  To reach the real dif­frac­tion-lim­ited emit­tance, it is gen­er­ally re­quired to in­crease the num­ber of bends in multi-bend achro­mat (MBA) lat­tices that are used in the de­signs of fourth-gen­er­a­tion syn­chro­tron light sources. For an MBA lat­tice with dis­trib­uted chro­matic cor­rec­tion, more bends mean much tighter space and much stronger mag­nets. In­spired by the hy­brid MBA lat­tice con­cept, in this paper we pro­pose a new lat­tice con­cept called com­plex unit lat­tice cell, which can save space and re­duce mag­net strengths. A 17BA lat­tice based on the com­plex unit cell con­cept is de­signed for a 3 GeV syn­chro­tron light source with a cir­cum­fer­ence of 537.6 m, which reaches a nat­ural emit­tance of about 21 pm·rad. Com­par­i­son is also made be­tween this 17BA lat­tice and the 17BA lat­tice with dis­trib­uted chro­matic cor­rec­tion to demon­strate the merit of the com­plex unit cell con­cept.  
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DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB263  
About • paper received ※ 16 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 July 2021       issue date ※ 12 August 2021  
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WEPAB317 Online Model Developments for BESSY II and MLS controls, EPICS, MMI, kicker 3413
 
  • P. Schnizer, J. Bengtsson, T. Birke, J. Li, T. Mertens, M. Ries, A. Schälicke, L. Vera Ramirez
    HZB, Berlin, Germany
  
  Dig­i­tal mod­els have been de­vel­oped over a long time for prepar­ing ac­cel­er­a­tor com­mis­sion­ing next to bench­mark­ing the­ory pre­dic­tions to ma­chine mea­sure­ments. These dig­i­tal mod­els are nowa­days being re­al­ized as dig­i­tal shad­ows or dig­i­tal twins. Ac­cel­er­a­tor com­mis­sion­ing re­quires pe­ri­odic setup and re­view of the ma­chine sta­tus. Fur­ther­more, dif­fer­ent mea­sure­ments are only prac­ti­cal by com­par­i­son to the ma­chine model (e.g. beam based align­ment). In this paper we de­scribe the ar­chi­tec­ture cho­sen for our mod­els, de­scribe the frame­work Bluesky for mea­sure­ment or­ches­tra­tion and re­port on our ex­pe­ri­ence ex­em­pli­fy­ing on dy­namic aper­ture scans. Fur­ther­more we de­scribe our plans to ex­tend the mod­els ap­plied to BESSY~II and MLS to the cur­rently planned ma­chines BESSY~III and MLS~II.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB317  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 28 July 2021       issue date ※ 21 August 2021  
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WEPAB330 A Multirange Low Noise Transimpedance Amplifier for Sirius Beamlines impedance, feedback, operation, FEM 3447
 
  • L.Y. Tanio, F.H. Cardoso, M.M. Donatti
    LNLS, Campinas, Brazil
  
  In a typ­i­cal syn­chro­tron beam­line, the in­ter­ac­tion of pho­ton beams with dif­fer­ent ma­te­ri­als gen­er­ates free elec­tric charges in de­vices such as ion­iza­tion cham­bers, pho­to­di­odes, or even iso­lated metal­lic struc­tures (e.g., blades, blocks, foils, wires). These free charges can be mea­sured as elec­tric cur­rent to di­ag­nose the pho­ton beam in­ten­sity, pro­file, po­si­tion, or sta­bil­ity. Sir­ius, the new 3GeV fourth-gen­er­a­tion Brazil­ian light source, may ac­com­mo­date up to 38 beam­lines, which com­bined will make use of hun­dreds of in­stru­ments to mea­sure such low-in­ten­sity sig­nals. This work re­ports on the de­sign and test re­sults of a tran­sim­ped­ance am­pli­fier de­vel­oped for low cur­rent mea­sure­ments at Sir­ius’ beam­lines. The de­vice pre­sents low noise, high ac­cu­racy, and good tem­per­a­ture sta­bil­ity pro­vid­ing 5 se­lec­table ranges (from 500pA to 7.3mA) to mea­sure bipo­lar cur­rents achiev­ing fem­toam­pere res­o­lu­tion under cer­tain con­di­tions. Con­sid­er­ing low band­width ap­pli­ca­tions, the re­sults sug­gest noise per­for­mance com­pa­ra­ble to com­mer­cial bench in­stru­ments. Ad­di­tion­ally, the pro­ject de­f­i­n­i­tions and plans for the de­vel­op­ment of a fam­ily of low cur­rent am­me­ters will be dis­cussed.  
poster icon Poster WEPAB330 [2.642 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB330  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 16 June 2021       issue date ※ 21 August 2021  
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WEPAB331 Application of KALYPSO as a Diagnostic Tool for Beam and Spectral Analysis electron, detector, laser, experiment 3451
 
  • M.M. Patil, E. Bründermann, M. Caselle, A. Ebersoldt, S. Funkner, B. Kehrer, A.-S. Müller, M.J. Nasse, G. Niehues, J.L. Steinmann, M. Weber, C. Widmann
    KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
  
  Funding: This work is supported by the BMBF project 05K19VKD STARTRAC and DFG-funded Doctoral School ’Karlsruhe School of Elementary and Astroparticle Physics: Science and Technology’
KA­LYPSO is a novel de­tec­tor ca­pa­ble of op­er­at­ing at frame rates up to 12 MHz de­vel­oped and tested at the in­sti­tute of data pro­cess­ing and elec­tron­ics (IPE) and em­ployed at Karl­sruhe Re­search Ac­cel­er­a­tor (KARA) which is part of the Test Fa­cil­ity and Syn­chro­tron Ra­di­a­tion Source KIT. This de­tec­tor con­sists of sil­i­con, In­GaAs, PbS, or PbSe line array sen­sor with spec­tral sen­si­tiv­ity from 350 nm to 5000 nm. The un­prece­dented frame rate of this de­tec­tor is achieved by a cus­tom-de­signed ASIC read­out chip. The FPGA-read­out ar­chi­tec­ture en­ables con­tin­u­ous data ac­qui­si­tion and real-time data pro­cess­ing. Such a de­tec­tor has var­i­ous ap­pli­ca­tions in the fields of beam di­ag­nos­tics and spec­tral analy­sis. KA­LYPSO is cur­rently em­ployed at var­i­ous syn­chro­tron fa­cil­i­ties for elec­tro-op­ti­cal spec­tral de­cod­ing (EOSD) to study the lon­gi­tu­di­nal pro­file of the elec­tron beam, to study the en­ergy spread of the elec­tron beam, tun­ing of free-elec­tron lasers (FELs), and also in char­ac­ter­iz­ing laser spec­tra. This con­tri­bu­tion will pre­sent an overview of the re­sults from the men­tioned ap­pli­ca­tions. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB331  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 22 July 2021       issue date ※ 13 August 2021  
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WEPAB335 Aluminum Vacuum Chamber for the Sirius DELTA 52 Undulator vacuum, undulator, storage-ring, emittance 3463
 
  • T.M. Rocha, O.R. Bagnato, R.O. Ferraz, H.G. Filho, P.P.S. Freitas, G.R. Gomes, P.H. Lima, R.F. Oliveira, B.M. Ramos, F. Rodrigues, R.M. Seraphim, D.R. Silva, M.B. Silva
    LNLS, Campinas, Brazil
  
  Sir­ius is a 3 GeV fourth gen­er­a­tion syn­chro­tron light source under com­mis­sion­ing by the Brazil­ian Syn­chro­tron Light Lab­o­ra­tory (LNLS). Delta Un­du­la­tors with mag­net ver­ti­cal aper­ture of 13.6 mm, and pe­riod of 52.5 mm will be used for the gen­er­a­tion of soft X rays to pho­toe­mis­sion spec­troscopy and X ray ab­sorp­tion ex­per­i­ments. Ex­truded alu­minum vac­uum cham­bers hav­ing small ver­ti­cal aper­ture of 7.6 mm and hor­i­zon­tal aper­ture of 13 mm is pro­posed. This paper de­tails the de­sign and man­u­fac­tur­ing processes of a com­plete cham­ber. Chal­lenges re­gard­ing the TIG weld­ing for alu­minum and NEG coat­ing for small aper­ture cham­bers will also be pre­sented.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB335  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 19 July 2021       issue date ※ 20 August 2021  
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WEPAB353 Design and Commissioning of a Multipole Injection Kicker for the SOLEIL Storage Ring injection, kicker, storage-ring, operation 3525
 
  • R. Ollier, P. Alexandre, R. Ben El Fekih, L.S. Nadolski
    SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
  
  In third-gen­er­a­tion syn­chro­tron light sources, achiev­ing an orbit dis­tor­tion below 10% of the stored beam size is very chal­leng­ing. The stan­dard in­jec­tion scheme of SOLEIL is made of 2 septa and 4 kicker mag­nets in­stalled in a 12 m long straight sec­tion. Tun­ing the 4 kick­ers, to re­duce per­tur­ba­tions, re­vealed to be al­most im­pos­si­ble since it re­quires hav­ing 4 iden­ti­cal mag­nets, elec­tron­ics, and Ti coated ce­ramic cham­bers. To reach the po­si­tion sta­bil­ity re­quire­ment of the stored beam, a sin­gle pulsed mag­net with no field on the stored beam path can re­place the 4 kick­ers. Such a de­vice, called MIK (Mul­ti­pole In­jec­tion Kicker), was de­vel­oped by SOLEIL and suc­cess­fully com­mis­sioned in the MAX-IV 3-GeV ring as the key de­vice used in the stan­dard in­jec­tion scheme for user op­er­a­tion, re­duc­ing the beam orbit dis­tor­tion below 1 mi­cron in peak value in both planes. A copy of the MIK has been in­stalled in a short straight sec­tion of the SOLEIL stor­age ring, in Jan­u­ary 2021. We re­port MIK po­si­tion­ing stud­ies, the con­straints of the pro­ject, sap­phire cham­ber coat­ing chal­lenges and the first com­mis­sion­ing re­sults. The R&D MIK is a demon­stra­tor for the in­jec­tion scheme of SOLEIL up­grade as well.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB353  
About • paper received ※ 21 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 23 July 2021       issue date ※ 31 August 2021  
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WEPAB410 Finite Element Analyses of Synchrotron Radiation Induced Stress in Beryllium Synch-Light Mirrors dipole, simulation, scattering, operation 3664
 
  • Y. Lushtak, Y. Li, A. Lyndaker
    Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
  
  Funding: Air Force Research Laboratory Directorate for Mathematical and Physical Sciences National Institute of General Medical Sciences Empire State Development - NYSTAR
Mir­rors made of high pu­rity beryl­lium are used in par­ti­cle ac­cel­er­a­tors to ex­tract syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion (SR) in the vis­i­ble range for trans­verse and lon­gi­tu­di­nal par­ti­cle beam pro­file mea­sure­ments. Be is a high-strength, high ther­mal con­duc­tiv­ity ma­te­r­ial. As a low-Z metal, it al­lows high-en­ergy pho­tons to pen­e­trate the mir­ror body, so that ma­jor­ity of the SR power is dis­si­pated, re­sult­ing in a sig­nif­i­cantly re­duced ther­mal stress and dis­tor­tion on the mir­ror sur­face. In this paper, we de­scribe a Fi­nite El­e­ment Analy­sis method of ac­cu­rately sim­u­lat­ing the SR-in­duced ther­mal stress on the beryl­lium mir­rors at the Cor­nell Elec­tron Stor­age Ring at var­i­ous par­ti­cle beam con­di­tions. The sim­u­la­tions con­sider the en­ergy de­pen­dence of X-ray at­ten­u­a­tion in beryl­lium. The depth-de­pen­dent dis­tri­b­u­tion of the power ab­sorbed by the mir­ror is rep­re­sented by sep­a­rate heat­ing zones within the mir­ror model. The re­sults help set the op­er­a­tional safety limit for the mir­rors-en­sur­ing that the SR-in­duced ther­mal stress is below the elas­tic de­for­ma­tion limit and es­ti­mate the mir­ror sur­face dis­tor­tion at high beam cur­rents. The sim­u­lated sur­face dis­tor­tion is con­sis­tent with op­ti­cal mea­sure­ments. 		 
poster icon Poster WEPAB410 [0.942 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB410  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 24 June 2021       issue date ※ 02 September 2021  
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THXA05 A Fast Method of 2D Calculation of Coherent Synchrotron Radiation Wakefield in Relativistic Beams radiation, electron, dipole, synchrotron-radiation 3696
 
  • J. Tang, Z. Huang, G. Stupakov
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  
  Co­her­ent Syn­chro­tron Ra­di­a­tion (CSR) is re­garded as one of the most im­por­tant rea­sons that limit beam bright­ness in mod­ern ac­cel­er­a­tors. CSR wake­field is often com­puted in a 1D as­sum­ing a line charge, which can be­come in­valid when the beam has a large trans­verse ex­ten­sion and small bunch length. On the other hand, the ex­ist­ing 2D or 3D codes are often com­pu­ta­tion­ally in­ef­fi­cient or in­com­plete. In our pre­vi­ous work * we de­vel­oped a new model for fast com­pu­ta­tion of 2D CSR wake­field in rel­a­tivis­tic beams with Gauss­ian dis­tri­b­u­tion. Here we fur­ther gen­er­al­ize this model to achieve self-con­sis­tent com­pu­ta­tion com­pat­i­ble with ar­bi­trary beam dis­tri­b­u­tion and non­lin­ear mag­netic lat­tice with par­ti­cle track­ing. These new fea­tures can en­able us to per­form re­al­is­tic sim­u­la­tions and study the physics of CSR be­yond 1D in elec­tron beams with ex­treme short bunch length and high peak cur­rent.
* J. Tang and G. Stupakov. NAPAC2019, paper WEPLS09 (2019). 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THXA05  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 20 July 2021       issue date ※ 21 August 2021  
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THXA07 Driven 3D Beam Oscillations for Optics Measurements in Synchrotrons optics, dipole, betatron, emittance 3704
 
  • L. Malina, J.M. Coello de Portugal, H. Timko, R. Tomás García
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  Op­tics mea­sure­ments in stor­age rings em­ploy turn-by-turn data of trans­versely ex­cited beams. Tra­di­tion­ally, to mea­sure chro­matic prop­er­ties, the rel­a­tive mo­men­tum is changed step-wise, which is time-con­sum­ing and al­most im­prac­ti­cal dur­ing the en­ergy ramp. We pre­sent an op­tics mea­sure­ment method based on adi­a­batic si­mul­ta­ne­ous 3-di­men­sional beam ex­ci­ta­tion, which is more time-ef­fi­cient and well fit­ted for the en­ergy ramp. This method was suc­cess­fully demon­strated in the LHC util­is­ing AC-dipoles in com­bi­na­tion ei­ther with a slow RF-fre­quency mod­u­la­tion or a dri­ven RF-phase mod­u­la­tion close to the syn­chro­tron fre­quency. Faster lon­gi­tu­di­nal os­cil­la­tions im­prove the ac­cu­racy of op­tics pa­ra­me­ters in­ferred from the syn­chro-be­ta­tron side­bands. This paper re­ports on the ex­per­i­men­tal demon­stra­tion of op­tics mea­sure­ments based on 3D dri­ven beam ex­ci­ta­tions and the plans for LHC Run 3.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THXA07  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 August 2021       issue date ※ 11 August 2021  
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THXB01 3D Tracking of a Single Electron in IOTA electron, experiment, storage-ring, radiation 3708
 
  • A.L. Romanov, S. Nagaitsev, J.K. Santucci, G. Stancari, A. Valishev
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  • N. Kuklev, I. Lobach
    University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
  
  High-res­o­lu­tion ob­ser­va­tions of sin­gle-par­ti­cle dy­nam­ics have po­ten­tial as a pow­er­ful tool in the di­ag­nos­tics, tun­ing and de­sign of stor­age rings. We are pre­sent­ing the re­sults of ex­per­i­ments with sin­gle elec­trons that were con­ducted at Fer­mi­lab’s IOTA ring to ex­plore the fea­si­bil­ity of this ap­proach. A set of sen­si­tive, high-res­o­lu­tion dig­i­tal cam­eras was used to de­tect the syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion emit­ted by an elec­tron, and the re­sult­ing im­ages were used to re­con­struct the time evo­lu­tion of os­cil­la­tion am­pli­tudes in all three de­grees of free­dom. From the evo­lu­tion of the os­cil­la­tion am­pli­tudes, we de­duce trans­verse emit­tances, mo­men­tum spread, damp­ing times, beam en­ergy and es­ti­mated resid­ual-gas den­sity and com­po­si­tion. To our knowl­edge, this is the first time that the dy­nam­ics of a sin­gle par­ti­cle in a stor­age ring has been tracked in all three di­men­sions. We dis­cuss far­ther de­vel­op­ment of a sin­gle par­ti­cle di­ag­nos­tics that may allow re­con­struc­tion of its turn-by-turn co­or­di­nates over macro­scopic pe­ri­ods of time fa­cil­i­tat­ing ul­tra-pre­cise lat­tice di­ag­nos­tics and di­rect bench­mark­ing of track­ing codes.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THXB01  
About • paper received ※ 24 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 29 July 2021       issue date ※ 11 August 2021  
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THXB04 Non-Invasive Dispersion Function Measurement during Light Source Operations operation, lattice, storage-ring, emittance 3720
 
  • B. Podobedov, Y. Hidaka
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
We im­ple­mented a com­pletely par­a­sitic mea­sure­ment of lat­tice dis­per­sion func­tions in both hor­i­zon­tal and ver­ti­cal planes, which is fully com­pat­i­ble with light source user op­er­a­tions. The mea­sure­ment is per­formed by ap­ply­ing prin­ci­pal com­po­nent analy­sis and adap­tive fil­ter­ing to very small resid­ual orbit noise com­po­nents in­tro­duced by the RF sys­tem and de­tected in the beam orbit data, sam­pled at 10 kHz. No changes in RF fre­quency are re­quired. The mea­sure­ment, per­formed once a minute, was shown to be ro­bust and im­mune to changes in the beam cur­rent, resid­ual orbit noise am­pli­tude and fre­quency con­tent as well as other fac­tors. At low cur­rent it was shown to pro­vide sim­i­lar ac­cu­racy to the tra­di­tional method (which shifts the 500 MHz RF fre­quency by ±500 Hz). In this paper we will ex­plain our mea­sure­ment tech­nique and pre­sent typ­i­cal dis­per­sion func­tion sta­bil­ity achieved dur­ing NSLS-II op­er­a­tions. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THXB04  
About • paper received ※ 26 June 2021       paper accepted ※ 13 July 2021       issue date ※ 23 August 2021  
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THPAB056 Conceptual Design of a Multiple Period Staggered Undulator undulator, solenoid, radiation, electron 3879
 
  • I. Asparuhov, J. Chavanne, G. Le Bec
    ESRF, Grenoble, France
  
  In stag­gered un­du­la­tors, a fer­ro­mag­netic pole struc­ture paired to a so­le­noid gen­er­ates a si­nu­soidal field. In­ter­est of such in­ser­tion de­vices has been stud­ied for ap­pli­ca­tion to FEL sys­tems in the end of the pre­vi­ous cen­tury. How­ever, the con­cept has never been used in syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion sources due to the un­de­sir­able mag­netic ef­fect of the so­le­noid on elec­tron beam pa­ra­me­ters in stor­age rings. Ad­vent of fourth-gen­er­a­tion low emit­tance light sources is fore­seen to change this sit­u­a­tion. In­deed, con­se­quent elec­tron beam trans­verse size and di­ver­gence re­duc­tion for such new stor­age rings give promise for a beam less sen­si­tive to the pres­ence of a lon­gi­tu­di­nal so­le­noidal field. Re­lat­ing to this, a stag­gered con­cept can be an ad­e­quate de­sign choice for short-pe­riod un­du­la­tors pro­duc­ing high-en­ergy pho­ton flux. Such un­du­la­tors would have a low K value a pri­ori lim­it­ing their pho­ton en­ergy tun­abil­ity. Con­sid­er­ing in­te­gra­tion of sep­a­rate mag­netic ar­rays of dis­tinct pe­ri­ods in a so­le­noid to com­pose a global as­sem­bly can help sup­press this pos­si­ble draw­back. Mag­netic de­sign and ra­dia­tive per­for­mance of such an in­ser­tion de­vice are pre­sented.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB056  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 12 July 2021       issue date ※ 02 September 2021  
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THPAB061 Pulse-Burst CO2 Laser for High-Brilliance Compton Light Sources laser, photon, electron, brightness 3890
 
  • I. Pogorelsky, M.N. Polyanskiy, T.V. Shaftan
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
  
  Funding: U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-SC0012704
We pro­pose a novel ar­chi­tec­ture for a mid-IR, high-rep­e­ti­tion, kilo­watt-class, CO2 laser sys­tem op­er­at­ing in a pulse-burst regime and its im­ple­men­ta­tion in In-verse Comp­ton Scat­ter­ing (ICS) sources of x-ray and gamma-ray ra­di­a­tion. Dif­fer­ent types of par­ti­cle ac­cel­er­a­tors are con­sid­ered for con­ver­sion to such ICS sources, in­clud­ing en­ergy re­cov­ery linacs and syn­chro­tron stor­age rings. The ex­pected ICS per­for­mance pa­ra­me­ters are com­pared with ear­lier pro­pos­als where CBETA and DAΦNE ac­cel­er­a­tors have been paired with near-IR, mode-locked solid-state lasers op­er­at­ing at a multi-mega­hertz rep­e­ti­tion rate. A con­sid­er­able in­crease in act­ing laser en­ergy at­tain­able in our CO2 laser-based scheme, com­bined with an order of mag­ni­tude higher num­ber of laser pho­tons per Joule of en­ergy al­lows main­tain­ing a sim­i­larly high av­er­age flux of pro­duced hard x-rays while the peak flux and bril­liance will be raised by three to four or­ders of mag­ni­tude com­pared to afore­men­tioned schemes based on near-IR lasers. 		 
poster icon Poster THPAB061 [1.082 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB061  
About • paper received ※ 12 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 21 June 2021       issue date ※ 29 August 2021  
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THPAB064 LUMOS: A Visible Diagnostic Beamline for the Solaris Storage Ring diagnostics, electron, emittance, storage-ring 3901
 
  • R. Panaś, A. Curcio, A.I. Wawrzyniak
    NSRC SOLARIS, Kraków, Poland
  
  LUMOS is a di­ag­nos­tic beam­line which op­er­ates in the vis­i­ble re­gion. It was in­stalled in the So­laris stor­age ring dur­ing sum­mer 2019. The first light was ob­served at the be­gin­ning of De­cem­ber 2019. Dur­ing 2020 the beam­line was com­mis­sioned and equipped with a streak cam­era setup. Cur­rently, LUMOS al­lows to an­a­lyze far-field and near field im­ages of syn­chro­tron light for trans­verse beam pro­file mea­sure­ments. More­over, using the streak cam­era setup, it is also pos­si­ble to in­ves­ti­gate the bunch length, the fill­ing pat­tern and the lon­gi­tu­di­nal beam pro­file changes with re­spect to the dif­fer­ent con­di­tion (ramp­ing, 3rd har­monic cav­i­ties tun­ing, etc.). Dur­ing the pre­sen­ta­tion the op­ti­cal setup to be pre­sented along with the mea­sure­ments con­ducted with it.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB064  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 07 July 2021       issue date ※ 01 September 2021  
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THPAB065 Experimental Verification of the Source of Excessive Helical SCU Heat Load at APS vacuum, radiation, photon, synchrotron-radiation 3904
 
  • V. Sajaev, J.C. Dooling, K.C. Harkay
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
Im­me­di­ately after the in­stal­la­tion of the He­li­cal su­per­con­duct­ing un­du­la­tor (HSCU) in the APS stor­age ring, higher than ex­pected heat­ing was ob­served in the cryo­genic cool­ing sys­tem. Steer­ing the elec­tron beam orbit in the up­stream di­pole re­duced the amount of syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion reach­ing into the HSCU and al­lowed the de­vice to prop­erly cool and op­er­ate. The sim­plest ex­pla­na­tion of the ex­ces­sive heat load was higher than ex­pected heat trans­fer from the vac­uum cham­ber to the mag­net coils. How­ever, mod­el­ing of the syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion in­ter­ac­tion with the HSCU vac­uum cham­ber showed that Comp­ton scat­ter­ing could also re­sult in syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion pen­e­trat­ing the vac­uum cham­ber and de­posit­ing en­ergy di­rectly into the HSCU coils**. In this paper, we pre­sent ex­per­i­men­tal ev­i­dence that the ex­ces­sive heat load of the HSCU coils is not caused by the heat trans­fer from the vac­uum cham­ber but re­sulted from the syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion pen­e­trat­ing the vac­uum cham­ber.
* M. Kasa et. al., Phys. Rev. AB, v. 23 050701 (2020)
** J. Dooling et. al., IPAC 2019 Proc., THPTS093 (2019) 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB065  
About • paper received ※ 12 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 September 2021       issue date ※ 16 August 2021  
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THPAB067 Simulation of the APS-U Orbit Motion Due to RF Noise simulation, resonance, cavity, photon 3911
 
  • V. Sajaev
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
APS Up­grade stor­age ring will keep the same rf sys­tem that is presently used at APS. This rf sys­tem has am­pli­tude and phase noise dom­i­nated by the lines at 60, 180, and 360 Hz. APS presently op­er­ates with syn­chro­tron fre­quency close to 2 kHz, which is far away from the rf noise fre­quen­cies, and still the rf sys­tem noise con­tributes over 2 mi­crom­e­ters rms into the hor­i­zon­tal orbit noise due to beam en­ergy vari­a­tion. APS-U will op­er­ate with a bunch-length­en­ing cav­ity, which will lower the syn­chro­tron fre­quency down to about 200 Hz. This could po­ten­tially lead to large orbit noise and other neg­a­tive con­se­quences due to en­ergy vari­a­tion caused by the rf sys­tem noise. In this paper, we will pre­sent sim­u­la­tions of the rf noise-in­duced orbit mo­tion at APS and APS-U and de­fine the rf am­pli­tude and phase noise re­quire­ments that need to be achieved for APS-U op­er­a­tion. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB067  
About • paper received ※ 12 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 13 July 2021       issue date ※ 23 August 2021  
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THPAB076 Effects of Chromaticity and Synchrotron Emission on Coupled-Bunch Transverse Stability damping, simulation, wakefield, coupling 3937
 
  • R.R. Lindberg
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
We pre­sent a the­ory that can com­pute the trans­verse cou­pled-bunch in­sta­bil­ity growth rates at any chro­matic­ity and for any lon­gi­tu­di­nal po­ten­tial pro­vided only that the long-range wake­field varies slowly over the bunch. The the­ory is ex­pressed in terms of the usual cou­pled-bunch eigen­val­ues at zero chro­matic­ity, and when the lon­gi­tu­di­nal mo­tion is sim­ple har­monic our so­lu­tion only re­quires nu­mer­i­cal root-find­ing that is easy to im­ple­ment and fast to solve; the more gen­eral case re­quires some ad­di­tional cal­cu­la­tions but is still rel­a­tively fast. The the­ory pre­dicts that the cou­pled-bunch growth rates can be sig­nif­i­cantly re­duced when the chro­matic be­ta­tron tune spread is larger than the cou­pled-bunch growth rate at zero chro­matic­ity. Our the­o­ret­i­cal re­sults are com­pared fa­vor­ably with track­ing sim­u­la­tions for the long-range re­sis­tive wall in­sta­bil­ity, and we also in­di­cate how damp­ing and dif­fu­sion from syn­chro­tron emis­sion can fur­ther re­duce or even sta­bi­lize the dy­nam­ics. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB076  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 26 July 2021       issue date ※ 26 August 2021  
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THPAB078 SOLEIL Update Status controls, photon, injection, vacuum 3945
 
  • L.S. Nadolski, G. Abeillé, Y.-M. Abiven, F. Bouvet, P. Brunelle, A. Buteau, N. Béchu, I. Chado, M.-E. Couprie, X. Delétoille, A. Gamelin, C. Herbeaux, N. Hubert, J.-F. Lamarre, V. Leroux, A. Lestrade, A. Loulergue, P. Marchand, O. Marcouillé, A. Nadji, R. Nagaoka, S. Pierre-Joseph Zéphir, F. Ribeiro, G. Schagene, K. Tavakoli, M.-A. Tordeux
    SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
  
  SOLEIL is both a syn­chro­tron light source and a re­search lab­o­ra­tory at the cut­ting edge of ex­per­i­men­tal tech­niques ded­i­cated to mat­ter analy­sis down to the atomic scale, as well as a ser­vice plat­form open to all sci­en­tific and in­dus­trial com­mu­ni­ties. This French 2.75 GeV third gen­er­a­tion syn­chro­tron light source pro­vides today ex­tremely sta­ble pho­ton beams to 29 beam­lines (BLs) com­ple­men­tary to ESRF. We re­port fa­cil­ity per­for­mance, on­go­ing pro­jects and re­cent major achieve­ments. Major R&D areas will also be dis­cussed, and progress to­wards a lat­tice base­line for mak­ing SOLEIL a dif­frac­tion lim­ited stor­age ring.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB078  
About • paper received ※ 22 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 12 July 2021       issue date ※ 22 August 2021  
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THPAB079 Design Study on Beam Size Measurement System Using SR Interferometry for Low Beam Current electron, radiation, synchrotron-radiation, storage-ring 3949
 
  • W. Li, P. Liu, Y.K. Wu, J. Yan
    FEL/Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
  
  Funding: This work is supported in part by the US DOE grant no. DE-FG02-97ER41033.
To en­able re­li­able mea­sure­ments of the small ver­ti­cal size of the elec­tron beam in the Duke stor­age ring, a mea­sure­ment sys­tem is being de­vel­oped using syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion in­ter­fer­om­e­try (SRI). By re­lat­ing the trans­verse beam size to the trans­verse spa­tial co­her­ence of syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion from a di­pole mag­net ac­cord­ing to the Van Cit­tert-Zernike the­o­rem, the trans­verse beam size can be in­ferred by record­ing and fit­ting the in­ter­fer­ence fringe as a func­tion of the char­ac­ter­is­tic fea­tures of the in­ter­fer­ence fil­ter used. In this paper, we de­scribe the pre­lim­i­nary de­sign of such a mea­sure­ment sys­tem and pre­sent de­sign con­sid­er­a­tions to make it pos­si­ble to mea­sure the elec­tron beam ver­ti­cal size for a wide range of elec­tron beam en­er­gies and cur­rents. Es­pe­cially this sys­tem will be op­ti­mized to mea­sure the elec­tron beam size for low cur­rent op­er­a­tion down to 50 to 100~μA. This beam size mea­sure­ment sys­tem will be used as an im­por­tant beam di­ag­nos­tic for the in­tra­beam scat­ter­ing re­search at the Duke stor­age ring. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB079  
About • paper received ※ 27 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 12 July 2021       issue date ※ 28 August 2021  
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THPAB080 Correcting the Magnetic Field Offsets Inside the Undulators of the EuXFEL Using the K-Monochromator undulator, FEL, radiation, electron 3953
 
  • F. Brinker
    DESY, Hamburg, Germany
  • S. Casalbuoni, W. Freund
    EuXFEL, Schenefeld, Germany
  
  Hard X-ray free-elec­tron lasers (XFELs) gen­er­ate in­tense co­her­ent X-ray beams by pass­ing elec­trons through un­du­la­tors, i.e. very long pe­ri­odic mag­net struc­tures, which ex­tend over hun­dreds of me­ters. A cru­cial con­di­tion for the las­ing process is the spa­tial over­lap of the elec­trons with the elec­tro­mag­netic field. Well-es­tab­lished elec­tron beam-based pro­ce­dures allow find­ing a straight tra­jec­tory for the elec­trons de­fined by the beam po­si­tion mon­i­tors (BPM) be­tween the un­du­la­tors. A bend­ing of the tra­jec­tory in be­tween the BPMs can­not be seen by these meth­ods. A gen­eral field off­set in­side the un­du­la­tors has the ef­fect that the syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion is emit­ted at a dif­fer­ent angle at the be­gin­ning and the end of the un­du­la­tor which can re­sult in a degra­da­tion of the FEL-gain es­pe­cially for very short wave­lengths. We re­port on how the spec­tral and spa­tial char­ac­ter­is­tics of the mono­chro­m­a­tized ra­di­a­tion of a sin­gle un­du­la­tor can be used to min­i­mize the field off­set in situ with the help of cor­rec­tion coils.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB080  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 25 June 2021       issue date ※ 12 August 2021  
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THPAB198 Commissioning of Current Strips for Elliptically Polarizing Undulators at NSLS-II MMI, undulator, insertion, insertion-device 4160
 
  • Y. Hidaka, O.V. Chubar, T. Tanabe
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
  • C.A. Kitégi
    SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
  
  Funding: This work is supported by U.S. DOE under Contract No. DE-SC0012704.
Most of the El­lip­ti­cally Po­lar­iz­ing Un­du­la­tors (EPUs) at NSLS-II are equipped with cur­rent strips (or flat wires), at­tached to their vac­uum cham­bers. These strips com­pen­sate the dy­namic field in­te­grals of the EPU to min­i­mize un­de­sir­able non­lin­ear beam dy­nam­ics ef­fect that can lead to re­duc­tion in in­jec­tion ef­fi­ciency and beam life­time. For each EPU, we mea­sured the field in­te­grals of the in­ser­tion de­vice alone, the cur­rent strips alone, and both, while cre­at­ing hor­i­zon­tal bumps of dif­fer­ent am­pli­tudes at the straight sec­tion to as­sess the ef­fec­tive­ness of the com­pen­sa­tion pro­vided by the de­sign cur­rent val­ues for the strips. The com­mis­sion­ing re­sults of these cur­rent strips are re­ported in this ar­ti­cle. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB198  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 23 June 2021       issue date ※ 28 August 2021  
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THPAB202 Problem and Solution with the Longitudinal Tracking of the ORBIT Code simulation, acceleration, emittance, space-charge 4176
 
  • L.H. Zhang, J.Y. Tang
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  • Y.K. Chen
    IHEP CSNS, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
  • L.H. Zhang
    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  
  The ORBIT code has been widely used for beam dy­nam­ics sim­u­la­tions in­clud­ing in­jec­tion and ac­cel­er­a­tion in high-in­ten­sity hadron syn­chro­trons. When the ORBIT’s 1D lon­gi­tu­di­nal track­ing was em­ployed for the ac­cel­er­a­tion process in CSNS/RCS, the lon­gi­tu­di­nal emit­tance in eV-s was found de­creas­ing sub­stan­tially dur­ing ac­cel­er­a­tion, though the adi­a­batic con­di­tion is still met dur­ing this process. This is against the Li­ou­ville the­o­rem that pre­dicts the preser­va­tion of the emit­tance dur­ing ac­cel­er­a­tion. The re­cent ma­chine study in the ac­cel­er­a­tor and the sim­u­la­tions with a self-made code demon­strate that the lon­gi­tu­di­nal emit­tance is al­most in­vari­ant, which fur­ther in­di­cates that the ORBIT lon­gi­tu­di­nal track­ing might be in­cor­rect. A de­tailed check-over in the ORBIT code source finds that the lon­gi­tu­di­nal fi­nite dif­fer­ence equa­tion used in the code is er­ro­neous when ap­plied to an ac­cel­er­a­tion process. The new code for­mat Py­OR­BIT has the same prob­lem. After the small sec­ondary fac­tor is in­cluded in the code, ORBIT can pro­duce re­sults keep­ing the lon­gi­tu­di­nal emit­tance in­vari­ant. This paper pre­sents some de­tails about the study.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB202  
About • paper received ※ 14 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 01 July 2021       issue date ※ 21 August 2021  
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THPAB207 Beam Dynamics Simulation about the Dual Harmonic System by PyORBIT simulation, bunching, acceleration, space-charge 4194
 
  • H.Y. Liu, X.Y. Feng, L. Huang, M.T. Li, X.H. Lu
    IHEP CSNS, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
  • S. Wang, S.Y. Xu
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  
  The space charge ef­fect is a strong lim­i­ta­tion in high-in­ten­sity ac­cel­er­a­tors, es­pe­cially for low- and medium-en­ergy pro­ton syn­chro­trons. And for CSNS-II, the num­ber of par­ti­cles in the RCS is 3.9·1013 ppp, which is five times of CSNS. To mit­i­gate the ef­fects of the strong space charge ef­fect, CSNS-II/RCS (Rapid Cy­cling Syn­chro­tron) will use a dual har­monic sys­tem to in­crease the bunch­ing fac­tor dur­ing the in­jec­tion and the ini­tial ac­cel­er­a­tion phase. For study­ing the beam dy­nam­ics in­volved in a dual har­monic RF sys­tem, Py­OR­BIT is used as the major sim­u­la­tion code, which is de­vel­oped at SNS to sim­u­late beam dy­nam­ics in ac­cu­mu­la­tion rings and syn­chro­trons. We mod­i­fied parts of the code to make it ap­plic­a­ble to the beam dy­namic in RCS. This paper in­cludes the major code mod­i­fi­ca­tion of the Dual Har­monic RF sys­tem and some bench­mark re­sults. The pre­lim­i­nary sim­u­la­tion re­sults of the dual-har­monic sys­tem in CSNS-II/RCS sim­u­lated by the par­ti­cle track­ing code Py­OR­BIT will also be dis­cussed.  
poster icon Poster THPAB207 [0.354 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB207  
About • paper received ※ 16 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 05 July 2021       issue date ※ 11 August 2021  
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THPAB209 Tracking Complex Re-Circulating Machines with PLACET2 wakefield, radiation, synchrotron-radiation, electron 4197
 
  • R.A.J. Costa, A. Latina
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  We pre­sent the lat­est ver­sion of the multi-par­ti­cle track­ing pack­age PLACET2. This soft­ware was de­signed to track mul­ti­ple elec­tron bunches through re-cir­cu­lat­ing ma­chines with com­plex topolo­gies, such as the re­com­bi­na­tion com­plex of the Com­pact Lin­ear Col­lider (CLIC), en­ergy-re­cov­ery linacs such as the Large Hadron-Elec­tron Col­lider (LHeC), race­tracks and oth­ers. This up­date also ex­pands the ca­pa­bil­i­ties of PLACET2 to track heav­ier par­ti­cles such as muons. In ad­di­tion to sim­u­la­tion, PLACET2 was also de­vel­oped to allow beam­line op­ti­miza­tion scans, eval­u­at­ing beam prop­er­ties and tun­ing the beam­line pa­ra­me­ters at run­time ei­ther stand­alone or ac­cess­ing the op­ti­miza­tion tools pre­sent in the Oc­tave and Python pack­ages, with which it in­ter­faces. This paper pre­sents and bench­marks PLACET2’s lat­est fea­tures, such as co­her­ent and in­co­her­ent syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion, long and short wake­fields and power ex­trac­tion.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB209  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 13 July 2021       issue date ※ 27 August 2021  
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THPAB276 X-Ray Double Slit Interferometer Progress at CLS simulation, storage-ring, emittance, photon 4349
 
  • N.A. Simonson, Y. Yousefi Sigari
    University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
  • M.J. Boland
    CLS, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
  
  The Cana­dian Light Source (CLS) is a 3rd gen­er­a­tion syn­chro­tron that is used to pro­duce ex­tremely bright syn­chro­tron light that can be used for re­search. The light at the CLS is pro­duced by an elec­tron stor­age ring that has an emit­tance of 20 nm. A 4th gen­er­a­tion syn­chro­tron (CLS2) is planned which will re­duce the emit­tance to less than 1 nm and thus re­duce the trans­verse beam size sig­nif­i­cantly, mak­ing it very chal­leng­ing to mea­sure. A dou­ble slit in­ter­fer­om­e­ter can be used to mea­sure small trans­verse beam sizes, as first de­scribed by Mit­suhashi. An x-ray dou­ble slit in­ter­fer­om­e­ter will be de­signed and tested at the cur­rent CLS with the goal of using this setup at CLS2.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB276  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 23 July 2021       issue date ※ 01 September 2021  
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THPAB300 Structure Design and Motion Analysis of 6-DOF Sample Positioning Platform controls, radiation, synchrotron-radiation, GUI 4387
 
  • G.Y. Wang, J.X. Chen, L. Liu, R.H. Liu, C.J. Ning, A.X. Wang, J.B. Yu, Y.J. Yu, J.S. Zhang
    IHEP CSNS, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
  • L. Kang
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  
  with the de­vel­op­ment of syn­chro­tron ra­di­a­tion (SR) light source tech­nol­ogy, in order to meet the re­quire­ments of sam­ple po­si­tion­ing plat­form of some beam­line sta­tions, such as ad­just­ing res­o­lu­tion at the nanome­ter level and hav­ing larger sam­ple scan­ning dis­tance, a six de­gree of free­dom po­si­tion­ing plat­form based on space­fab struc­ture was de­vel­oped. The key tech­nolo­gies such as co­or­di­nate pa­ra­me­ter trans­for­ma­tion, kine­mat­ics analy­sis, and ad­just­ment de­cou­pling al­go­rithm of 6-DOF pose ad­just­ment sys­tem of Space­FAB po­si­tion­ing plat­form are mainly stud­ied. A 6-DOF plat­form dri­ven by a step­ping motor is de­signed and man­u­fac­tured. The con­trol sys­tem of the 6-DOF Plat­form Based on bus con­trol is de­vel­oped, and the ad­just­ment ac­cu­racy is tested. The re­peated po­si­tion­ing ac­cu­racy of the plat­form in three di­rec­tions is 0.019 mm, and that of ro­ta­tion is 0.011 ° in three di­rec­tions. The test re­sults ver­ify the cor­rect­ness of the the­o­ret­i­cal analy­sis of Space­FAB struc­ture and the ra­tio­nal­ity of mech­a­nism de­sign. The re­search on the plat­form mo­tion al­go­rithm and con­trol sys­tem has im­por­tant ref­er­ence value for the fol­low-up re­search of large stroke nano-6-dof po­si­tion­ing plat­form.  
poster icon Poster THPAB300 [1.517 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB300  
About • paper received ※ 16 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 06 July 2021       issue date ※ 02 September 2021  
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THPAB317 Experiment and Simulation Study on the Capture and Acceleration Process of XiPAF Synchrotron acceleration, experiment, cavity, proton 4409
 
  • Y. Li, X. Guan, X.Y. Liu, M.W. Wang, X.W. Wang, Q.Z. Xing, Y. Yang, H.J. Yao, W.B. Ye, S.X. Zheng
    TUB, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  • W.L. Liu, D. Wang, Z.M. Wang, Y. Yang, M.T. Zhao
    NINT, Shannxi, People’s Republic of China
  
  The beam com­mis­sion­ing of the cap­ture and ac­cel­er­a­tion process on the XiPAF (Xi’an 200MeV Pro­ton Ap­pli­ca­tion Fa­cil­ity) syn­chro­tron has been car­ried out. The ef­fi­ciency of the ex­per­i­ment re­sults has been com­pared with the sim­u­la­tion re­sults. At pre­sent, the ef­fi­ciency of the cap­ture process with sin­gle-har­monic is about 73%, and the ac­cel­er­a­tion ef­fi­ciency is about 82%, and the sim­u­la­tion re­sults are 77% and 96% with­out space charge ef­fect, re­spec­tively. In order to im­prove ef­fi­ciency, dual-har­monic was used dur­ing the cap­ture and ac­cel­er­a­tion process. Dur­ing the ex­per­i­ment, the cap­ture ef­fi­ciency was in­creased by 5%, and the ac­cel­er­a­tion ef­fi­ciency was in­creased by 4%. The cap­ture ef­fi­ciency de­creases with the in­crease of the max­i­mum RF volt­ages. We an­a­lyzed the rea­sons for the de­crease in cap­ture ef­fi­ciency. In the next step, fur­ther ver­i­fi­ca­tion will be car­ried out through ex­per­i­ments under dif­fer­ent con­di­tions.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB317  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 08 July 2021       issue date ※ 23 August 2021  
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THPAB318 Uniformization of the Transverse Beam Profile with Nonlinear Magnet target, HOM, radiation, extraction 4413
 
  • Y. Li, X. Guan, X.Y. Liu, X.W. Wang, Q.Z. Xing, Y. Yang, H.J. Yao, W.B. Ye, S.X. Zheng
    TUB, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  • Y. Yang
    NINT, Shannxi, People’s Republic of China
  
  The beam gen­er­ated after slow ex­trac­tion of the syn­chro­tron is al­ways not uni­form and asym­met­ri­cal in trans­verse dis­tri­b­u­tion. In prac­tice, ra­di­a­tion ther­apy or ra­di­a­tion ir­ra­di­a­tion re­quires a high de­gree of uni­for­mity of beam spot. There­fore, it is nec­es­sary to ad­just the beam dis­tri­b­u­tion with a non­lin­ear mag­net and other el­e­ments on the trans­port line from syn­chro­tron ring to beam tar­get sta­tion. Non­lin­ear mag­net has high re­quire­ments on beam qual­ity. Be­fore pass­ing through the non­lin­ear mag­net field, the beam cen­ter can be ad­justed by tak­ing ad­van­tage of the gra­di­ent change dis­tri­b­u­tion of the non­lin­ear mag­net’s trans­verse field map to achieve uni­form dis­tri­b­u­tion at the tar­get sta­tion. As an ex­am­ple, we use the pa­ra­me­ters of heavy ions of XiPAF (Xi’an 200MeV Pro­ton Ap­pli­ca­tion Fa­cil­ity) to sim­u­late the beam trans­port from syn­chro­tron ring to beam tar­get sta­tion.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB318  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 08 July 2021       issue date ※ 21 August 2021  
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