IPAC2016 - List of Keywords (linac)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOXBA01	Beam Commissioning of PAL-XFEL	gun, undulator, laser, cathode	6
	J.H. Han PAL, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea
	The Pohang Accelerator Laboratory X-ray Free electron Laser (PAL-XFEL) project aims at the generation of X-ray FEL radiation for photon users. The machine consists of a 10 GeV normal-conducting S-band linear accelerator (linac) and two undulator beamlines initially. The hard X-ray beamline will provide FEL radiation between 0.6 and 0.1 nm or shorter. The soft X-ray line will provide FEL radiation between 4.5 and 1 nm. The linac and hard X-ray beamline construction was complete by the end of 2015. The installation of the soft X-ray line is ongoing. High power RF conditioning of the linac started in late autumn 2015. Beam commissioning of the linac started in April 2016. We report the beam commissioning status.
	Slides MOXBA01 [4.978 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOXBA01
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MOOCA02	RFQ Developments at CEA-IRFU	rfq, proton, cavity, status	42
	O. Piquet CEA/DSM/IRFU, France
	Vane RFQs are particularly well suited to high intensity proton acceleration, since they offer minimal RF power losses and best accelerating field accuracy. Cea-Irfu is involved in several developments of 4 vane RFQs namely IPHI, Spiral2, Linac4 and ESS. This paper gives an overview of the design flow and tools developed at Irfu in order to design, tune, condition and commission RFQs. SPIRAL2 RFQ will be mainly used to illustrate this design flow. This CW RFQ requires 180 kW to achieve the nominal accelerating voltage. It can accelerate a 5 mA proton or deuteron beam (A/Q=1 and 2) or a 1 mA ion beam with up to A/Q=3 at 0.75 MeV/A. Conditioning and commissioning of this RFQ are actually in progress.
	Slides MOOCA02 [3.712 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOOCA02
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MOZB01	Construction and Beam Commissioning of CSNS Accelerators	DTL, dipole, quadrupole, rfq	47
	S. Wang, S. Fu, J. Zhang IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	CSNS (China Spallation Neutron Source) is a proton accelerator based facility for delivering spallation neu-trons to users. The main components are 80-MeV linac, 1.6-GeV RCS and neutron production target. The con-struction began in 2011, and now construction of the building and accelerator components is well in progress. Most of the components have been tested and installed into the tunnel. The ion source and RFQ have been suc-cessfully commissioned. The first DTL tank has success-fully completed the beam commissioning, and the beam commissioning for the other three DTL tank will be per-formed before the end of 2016. The RCS commissioning will start in the beginning of 2017. This presentation provides a complete overview of the status of construc-tion and beam commissioning.
	Slides MOZB01 [11.853 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOZB01
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MOZB02	Challenges of the High Current Prototype Accelerator of IFMIF/EVEDA	rfq, operation, neutron, ion	52
	J. Knaster, Y. Okumura IFMIF/EVEDA, Rokkasho, Japan P. Cara Fusion for Energy, Garching, Germany A. Kasughai Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), International Fusion Energy Research Center (IFERC), Rokkasho, Kamikita, Aomori, Japan M. Sugimoto QST/Takasaki, Takasaki, Japan
	LIPAc, under installation in Rokkasho will produce a 125 mA CW deuteron beam at 9 MeV. The objective of IFMIF is to generate a neutron flux of 10¹⁸ m-2s⁻¹ at 14 MeV for fusion materials testing using 2 x 125 mA CW D⁺ beams at 40 MeV impacting on a liquid lithium jet of 15 m/s. An ECR deuteron injector at 140 mA and 100 keV will be the source for a 9.7m long 4-vane RFQ, which will be complemented by a 175 MHz SRF linac composed of 8 HWRs for producing 9 MeV D⁺ beam. For a beam transmission >90%, beam simulations demand a D⁺ beam emittance below <0.3π mm·mrad. The first attempt on such high current accelerator was in the US in the early 80s under FMIT project with a H²⁺ 100 mA CW 2 MeV beam. LEDA successfully conducted 100 mA CW H⁺ at 6.7 MeV at the RFQ output energy in the late 90s, but using superconducting HWRs accelerating cavities at 125 mA CW with low-β H⁺/D⁺ beam has never been attempted. Beam halo will be monitored with 3 cryogenic μ-loss monitors azimuthally placed in each of the 8 superconducting solenoids interleaved with the HWR structures. A novel approach based on a beam core-halo dual matching has been developed to handle the MW range beam average power.
	Slides MOZB02 [18.358 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOZB02
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MOPMB002	First Measurements of Coherent Smith-Purcell Radiation in the SOLEIL Linac	detector, radiation, experiment, operation	69
	N. Delerue, J. Barros, S. Jenzer, V. Khodnevych, M.S. Malovytsia LAL, Orsay, France N. Hubert, M. Labat SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette, France V. Khodnevych National Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, The Faculty of Physics, Kyiv, Ukraine M.S. Malovytsia KhNU, Kharkov, Ukraine
	Funding: The authors are grateful for the funding received from the French ANR (contract ANR-12-JS05-0003-01). An experiment to measure the Coherent Smith-Purcell radiation has been installed in the SOLEIL Linac. Its aim is to produce a map of Smith-Purcell radiation emissions in several planes and compare it with theoretical predictions. Coherent Smith Purcell radiation is produced when a grating is brought close from a sufficiently short charged particles beam. The experiment consist of two detectors with 5 degrees of freedom. These two detectors can be moved around the emission point to measure the intensity of the radiation at different locations. Radiation maps are recorded parasitically by moving the detectors around during normal linac operations.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPMB002
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MOPMB012	A High-Energy-Scrapersystem for the S-DALINAC Extraction - Design and Installation	electron, extraction, vacuum, dipole	101
	L.E. Jürgensen, T. Bahlo, C. Burandt, T. Kürzeder, N. Pietralla, S. Weih, J. Wissmann TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany F. Hug IKP, Mainz, Germany
	Funding: *Funded by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft under grant No. SFB 634 The superconducting Darmstadt linear electron accelerator (S-DALINAC) of the Institute for Nuclear Physics at Technische Universität Darmstadt delivers electron beams in cw-mode with energies up to 130 MeV. The accelerator consists of a 10-MeV injector and a 30-MeV main linac where superconducting 3-GHz microwave cavities are operated at a temperature of 2 K for beam acceleration. With three recirculation beamlines the main linac can be used up to four times. To improve the energy spread and the energy stability of the beam a new scrapersystem has been developed and installed. It changes the extraction beam line into a dispersion-conserving chicane consisting of four dipole magnets and three scrapers. The system includes scraping of x- and y-halo in two positions as well as improving and stabilizing energy spread on a dispersive part. We will present the design of the system and report on its installation into the accelerator complex.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPMB012
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MOPMB015	Technical Design Considerations About the SINBAD-ARES Linac	laser, gun, electron, acceleration	112
	B. Marchetti, R.W. Aßmann, U. Dorda, K. Flöttmann, M. Hachmann, I. Hartl, J. Herrmann, M. Hüning, G. Kube, F. Ludwig, F. Mayet, M. Pelzer, I. Peperkorn, S. Pfeiffer, H. Schlarb, M. Titberidze, G. Vashchenko, M.K. Weikum, L. Winkelmann, K. Wittenburg, J. Zhu DESY, Hamburg, Germany R. Rossmanith KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
	The SINBAD facility (Short and INnovative Bunches and Accelerators at Desy) is foreseen to host various experiments in the field of production of ultra-short electron bunches and novel high gradient acceleration technique. The SINBAD linac, also called ARES (Accelerator Research experiment at SINBAD), will be a conventional S-band linear RF accelerator allowing the production of low charge (0.5 pC - few pC) ultra-short electron bunches (FWHM, length <= 1 fs - few fs) having 100 MeV energy. In this paper we present the current status of the technical design considerations, motivate the foreseen diagnostics for the RF gun commissioning and present examples of foreseen applications.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPMB015
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MOPMB017	Design Issues for the Optical Transition Radiation Screens for theELI-NP Compton Gamma Source	radiation, electron, simulation, laser	118
	M. Marongiu, A. Giribono, A. Mostacci, V. Pettinacci INFN-Roma, Roma, Italy D. Alesini, E. Chiadroni, F. Cioeta, G. Di Pirro, V.L. Lollo, L. Pellegrino, V. Shpakov, A. Stella, C. Vaccarezza, A. Variola INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy A. Cianchi INFN-Roma II, Roma, Italy L. Palumbo University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
	A high brightness electron LINAC is being built in the Compton Gamma Source at the ELI Nuclear Physics facility in Romania. To achieve the design luminosity, a train of 32, 16 ns spaced, bunches with a nominal charge of 250 pC will collide with the laser beam in the interaction point. Electron beam spot size is measured with optical transition radiation profile monitors. In order to measure the beam properties along the train, the screens must sustain the thermal stress due to the energy deposited by the bunches; moreover the optical radiation detecting system must have the necessary accuracy and resolution. This paper deals with the analytical studies as well as numerical simulations to investigate the thermal behaviour of the screens impinged by the nominal bunch; the design and the performance of the optical detection line is discussed as well.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPMB017
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MOPMB018	Metrological Characterization of the Bunch Length Measurement by Means of a RF Deflector at the ELI-NP Compton Gamma source	electron, simulation, laser, brightness	122
	L. Sabato U. Sannio, Benevento, Italy D. Alesini, C. Vaccarezza, A. Variola INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy P. Arpaia CERN, Geneva, Switzerland P. Arpaia, A. Liccardo Naples University Federico II, Science and Technology Pole, Napoli, Italy A. Giribono University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy A. Mostacci, L. Palumbo Rome University La Sapienza, Roma, Italy L. Sabato INFN-Napoli, Napoli, Italy
	Bunch length measurement in linac can be carried out using a RF deflector, which provides a transverse kick to the beam. The transverse beam size on a screen, placed after the RF deflector, represents the bunch length. In this paper, the metrological characterization of the bunch length measurement technique is proposed. The uncertainty and the systematic errors are estimated by means of a sensitivity analysis to the measurement parameters. The proposed approach has been validated through simulation by means of ELEGANT code on the parameters interesting for the electron linac of the Compton source at the Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP).
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPMB018
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MOPMB019	Quadrupole Scan Emittance Measurements for the ELI-NP Compton Gamma Source	emittance, electron, quadrupole, laser	126
	A.R. Rossi, A. Bacci, L. Serafini Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Milano, Italy E. Chiadroni, C. Vaccarezza, A. Variola INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy A. Cianchi Università di Roma II Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy C. Curatolo, I. Drebot Universita' degli Studi di Milano e INFN, Milano, Italy A. Giribono, A. Mostacci University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy V. Petrillo, M. Rossetti Conti Universita' degli Studi di Milano & INFN, Milano, Italy
	The high brightness electron LINAC of the Compton Gamma Source at the ELI Nuclear Physics facility in Romania is accelerating a train of 32 bunches with a nominal charge of 250 pC and nominal spacing of 16 ns. To achieve the design gamma flux, all the bunches along the train must have the designed Twiss parameters. Beam sizes are measured with optical transition radiation monitors, allowing a quadrupole scan for Twiss parameters measurements. Since focusing the whole bunch train on the screen may lead to permanent screen damage, we investigated non-conventional scans such as scans around a maximum of the beam size or scans with a controlled minimum spot size. This paper discusses the implementation issues of such a technique in the actual machine layout.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPMB019
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MOPMB027	Beam Parameter Measurement After Relocation of S-Band Linear Accelerator	electron, gun, simulation, laser	146
	I. Nozawa, M. Gohdo, K. Kan, T. Kondoh, J. Yang, Y. Yoshida ISIR, Osaka, Japan
	Ultrashort electron bunches have been applied in many scientific fields including accelerator physics and radiation chemistry. Pulse radiolysis is application in radiation chemistry, which is a pump-probe measurement using an electron bunch and a laser pulse. Our laboratory aims to generate the electron bunches with durations of less-than femtoseconds using an S-band linear accelerator (linac) at Osaka University in order to improve the time resolution of the pulse radiolysis system. Recently, the linac system was relocated for expanding application using ultrashort electron bunches. The parameters of generated electron bunches including the bunch lengths will be reported.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPMB027
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MOPMB032	A New Fault Recovery Mechanism for Superconducting Cavity Failure in C-ADS	FPGA, cavity, hardware, space-charge	158
	Z. Xue, J.P. Dai, C. Meng IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	For proton linear accelerators used in applications such as C-ADS, due to the nature of the operation, it is essential to have beam failures at the rate several orders of magnitude lower than usual performance of similar accelerators. A fault-tolerant mechanism should be mandatorily imposed in order to maintain short recovery time, high uptime and extremely low frequency of beam loss. This paper proposes an innovative and challenging way for compensation and rematch of cavity failure using fast electronic devices and Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) instead of embedded computers to complete the computation of beam dynamics. Due to the high arithmetic-computing-speed, good portability and repeatability, it is possible to realize calculation and re-adjustment online. In order to achieve the goal of instantaneous compensation and rematch, an advanced hardware design methodology including high-level synthesis and an improved genetic algorithm will be used.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPMB032
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MOPMB033	The Influence of Strip-line BPMs' Measuring Results Made by Edge of the Ultra-relativistic Electron Beam	simulation, electron, wakefield, positron	161
	S.Z. Wang, N. Gan, X. Huang IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	This paper describes the impact on the measuring results of the stripline beam position monitor (BPM) produced by the edge of the ultra-relativistic electron beam when we take the transverse size of the beam into account. Simulations have been made by using the Wakefield Solver of CST Particle Studio. And the result of this influence at different ratio of beam horizontal width σ and the BPM inner diameter a has been obtained. This kind of influence has been observed in the stripline BPMs in the transfer line of Beijing Positron Electron Colliders upgraded version II (BEPCII). The research is useful when we design the inner diameter of the stripline BPMs for ultra-relativistic electron beam, meanwhile it provides reference to distinguish the invalid ones from the measuring results obtained by the stripline BPMs in the ultra-relativistic situation.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPMB033
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MOPMB046	Design and Calculation Error Analysis of a High Order Mode Cavity Bunch Length Monitor	cavity, positron, simulation, electron	196
	J.G. Guo, Q. Luo, Z.R. Zhou USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
	Funding: National Science Foundation of China (11375178) and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (WK2310000046). A two-cavity bunch length monitor for linac of positron source is designed. Fifth harmonic cavity resonates at 14.28 GHz (fifth harmonic of the linac fundamental frequency 2.856 GHz) with mode TM020, as this mode could provide larger cavity radius. Each cavity equipped with a filter to suppress unwanted signal. An improved bunch length calculation method was proposed. A simulation was conducted in CST Particle Studio for beam current from 100-300 mA, bunch length from 5-10 ps. Bunch length was calculated and compared by these two methods
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPMB046
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MOPMB056	Measurements of the Beam Energy and Beam Profile of 100 MeV Proton Linac at KOMAC	proton, DTL, acceleration, ion	217
	S.G. Lee, Y.-S. Cho, H.S. Kim, H.-J. Kwon Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
	Funding: This work has been supported through KOMAC operation fund of KAERI by Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning. The linac for generation of the 100 MeV proton beam is operating in KOMAC. The 100 MeV proton beam is used in the industrial and the scientific fields such as improvement of the material characteristics and production of the isotope. The accurate measurements of the proton beam energy and profile are necessary for increasing the efficiency of the application and minimizing the inadequate radioactivation in linac structure caused by the beam loss. The proton beam energy and beam profile are measured by using the TOF (time-of-flight) method with a BPM (beam position monitor) and the ion chamber array, respectively. The detailed measurement setup and the measured results will be given in this paper.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPMB056
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MOPMR003	Electron Bunch Length Measurement Using Coherent Radiation Source of fs-THz accelerator at Pohang Accelerator Laboratory	radiation, electron, experiment, target	235
	J.H. Ko, I.S. Ko POSTECH, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea S.H. Jung, H.-S. Kang, I.S. Ko, J. Park PAL, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea
	A Michelson interferometer was installed at the femtosecond (fs) terahertz (THz) Accelerator of Pohang Accelerator Laboratory(PAL) to measure a subpicosecond order electron bunch length. To measure an ultra-short electron bunch length, we use reconstruction process and fast fourier transform. Currently, we are generating THz radiation with the pulse energy of 7μJ by means of coherent transition radiation (CTR) from a 65-MeV electron beam of the fs-THz accelerator. In this paper, we show the how to make a longitudinal distribution of electron bunch and the radiation intensity difference between CTR and Coherent edge radiation (CER) for nondestructive electron bunch length measurement. And we report the measurement methods to get the fine electron bunch length information.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPMR003
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MOPMR017	Design and Simulations of the Cavity BPM Readout Electronics for the ELI-NP Gamma Beam System	cavity, electron, electronics, simulation	264
	M. Cargnelutti, B.B. Baricevic I-Tech, Solkan, Slovenia A. Mostacci University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy S. Pioli, M. Serio, A. Stella, A. Variola INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy
	The Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP) facility will provide a high intensity laser and a very intense gamma beam which will be used in a broad range of experiments. The gamma beam is obtained through incoherent Compton back-scattering of a laser light off a high brightness electron beam provided by a 700MeV warm LINAC. Electrons are accelerated in trains with up to 32 bunches, each one separated by 16ns. In the laser-electron interaction region, every bunch needs to be monitored with a resolution below 1μm RMS. To achieve this performance, a low-Q cavity beam position monitor will be used in combination with a dedicated data acquisition system able to perform bunch-by-bunch beam position measurements with sub-μm resolution. Using fast A/D converters and specific digital filtering, the readout system proposes an alternative measurement concept. The requirements of the system, its design and the results from the simulations will be presented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPMR017
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MOPMR020	Beam Diagnostics for ESS Commissioning and Early Operation	diagnostics, target, DTL, optics	273
	A. Jansson, M. Eshraqi, S. Molloy ESS, Lund, Sweden
	The ESS linac design has evolved over time and is now quite stable. Recently, there has been a focused effort on developing more detailed installation and commissioning plan, and related to this, the plans for diagnostics has also been reviewed. This paper presents the updated diagnos-tics suite. Many of diagnostics systems will be developed by in-kind partners across Europe.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPMR020
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MOPMR022	Beam-based Alignment of CLIC Accelerating Structures Utilizing Their Octupole Component	octupole, emittance, collider, linear-collider	280
	J. Ögren, V.G. Ziemann Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
	Alignment of the accelerating structures is essential for emittance preservation in long linear accelerators such as the Compact Linear Collider (CLIC). The prototype structures for CLIC have four radial waveguides connected to each cell for damping wakefields and this four-fold symmetry is responsible for an octupole component of the radio-frequency fields, phase-shifted 90 degrees with respect to the accelerating mode. The octupole field causes a nonlinear dependence of the transverse beam deflection with respect to the position within the accelerating structure. By transversely moving the beam with two upstream steering magnets, and observing the deflection with beam position monitors or screens, the electromagnetic center of the structure can be found. We discuss the applicability of this method for aligning the beam in the accelerating structures.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPMR022
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MOPMR026	Beam Instrumentation Performance during Commissioning of CERN's Linac-4 to 50 MeV and 100 MeV	emittance, laser, DTL, detector	293
	U. Raich, T. Hofmann, F. Roncarolo CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Linac-4, a 140 MeV H-linear accelerator is designed to replace the aging 50 MeV proton Linac. It will consist of an H-source and 45 keV LEBT, an RFQ and 3 MeV MEBT with a chopper, 3 drift tube linac (DTL) tanks accelerating the beam to 12, 30 and 50 Mev, cavity coupled structures (CCDTL) accelerating it to 100 MeV and a pi mode structure bringing it to its design energy of 160 MeV. This paper reports on the commissioning of the DTL and CCDTL with 2 dedicated temporary measurement lines, the first one adapted to the 12 MeV beam while the second one is dedicated to characterize the 50 MeV and the 100 MeV beams. The beam diagnostic devices used in these lines is described as well as results obtained.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPMR026
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MOPMW001	A New Buncher for the ESRF Linac Injector	electron, beam-loading, cavity, gun	389
	A.S. Setty, A.S. Chauchat, D. Jousse Thales Communications & Security (TCS), Gennevilliers Cedex, France H. Delamare, J. Jacob, B. Ogier, T.P. Perron, E. Rabeuf, C. Richard, V. Serrière, R. Versteegen ESRF, Grenoble, France
	The electron linac was designed to be able to deliver more than 2.5 A in less than 2 ns at 200 MeV within an energy spread of 1% for positrons production at ESRF . The 200 MeV electron linac was commissioned in 1991. A new gun, a cleaner, a pre-buncher cavity and 4 shielded lenses were tested and installed on the injector in 2008 . Then, a new Buncher for the ESRF electron linac injector was manufactured and commissioned in 2015. Meanwhile, some new settings were performed to reduce the energy spread for both cases: the long pulse mode and the short pulse mode. The simulations and measurements will be presented. D. Tronc et Al. "Electron injector for light source", Proc. EPAC88, Italy, Rome, June 1988. ** T. Perron et Al. "New preinjector for the ESRF booster", Proc. EPAC08, Italy, Genoa, June 2008.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPMW001
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MOPMW005	Design of Linac with the New Gaskets Clamping Fabrication Technique	vacuum, coupling, impedance, gun	403
	F. Cardelli INFN-Roma1, Rome, Italy D. Alesini INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy M. Magi, L. Palumbo University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy F. Pellegrino, V. Pettinacci INFN-Roma, Roma, Italy
	Recently, a new technique for the realization of high gradient accelerating structures based on the use of gaskets without brazing processes, has been successfully tested at high power on a 1.6 cells RF gun (D. Alesini, et al, PRST 18, 02001, 2015). The new technique developed at the Laboratories of Frascati of the INFN (Italy) in the framework of the SPARC_LAB project has been also adopted for the ELI-NP RF gun. The use of the special gaskets that simultaneously guarantee the vacuum seal and a perfect RF contact allow to avoid the brazing process, strongly reducing the cost, the realization time and the risk of failure. Moreover, without copper annealing due to the brazing process, it is possible, in principle, to decrease the breakdown rate increasing, at the same time, the maximum achievable gradient. The extension of this new fabrication process to complex LINAC structures is the next step on the application of this new technique on particle accelerator. In the paper, we discuss how to extend this process to S-band and C-band Travelling Wave accelerating structures illustrating their electromagnetic design and their mechanical realization.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPMW005
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MOPMW006	The RF System of the ELI-NP Gamma Beam Source	LLRF, electron, klystron, network	407
	L. Piersanti, F. Cardelli, L. Palumbo INFN-Roma1, Rome, Italy D. Alesini, M. Bellaveglia, R. Boni, A. Gallo, A. Variola INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy F. Cardelli, L. Palumbo, L. Piersanti University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy G. D'Auria Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy
	ELI-NP is a linac based gamma-source under construction in Magurele (RO) by the European consortium EuroGammaS led by INFN. Photons with tunable energy (from 0.2 to 19.5 MeV) and with unprecedented intensity and brilliance will be produced by Compton back-scattering between a high quality electron beam (up to 740 MeV), and a 515 nm intense laser pulse. In order to increase the gamma photon flux, the accelerator will operate in multi-bunch at 100 Hz repetition rate, with 32 bunches separated by 16 ns. Three S-band (2856 MHz) RF power plants will feed two room temperature Travelling Wave (TW) structures, a 1.6 cell Standing Wave (SW) S-band gun (which has been manufactured by means of a new technique based on clamped gaskets without brazing) and two SW RF deflectors for longitudinal beam diagnostics. Ten C-band (5712 MHz) RF power plants will feed 12 TW high-order-modes (HOM) damped structures. In this paper, we review the whole ELI-NP RF architecture including the Low Level RF (LLRF) system.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPMW006
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MOPMW007	On the Calibration Measurement of Stripline Beam Position Monitor for the ELI-NP Facility	simulation, vacuum, electromagnetic-fields, impedance	411
	D. De Arcangelis, F. Cardelli, A. Mostacci, L. Palumbo University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
	Stripline Beam Position Monitor (BPM) will be installed in the Compton Gamma Source in construction at the ELI Nuclear Physics facility in Romania. A test bench for the calibration of BPM has been built to characterize the device with stretched wire measurement in order to get the BPM response map. A full S-parameters characterisation is performed as well to measure the electrical offset with the "Lambertson method". This paper discusses the extensive simulations performed with full 3D electromagnetic CAD codes of the above measurements to investigate measurement accuracy, possible measurement artefacts and the beam position reconstruction.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPMW007
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MOPMW009	RF System of the SPring-8 Upgrade Project	storage-ring, LLRF, klystron, synchrotron	414
	H. Ego, T. Fujita, N. Hosoda, K. Kobayashi, T. Masuda, S. Matsubara, T. Sugimoto JASRI/SPring-8, Hyogo-ken, Japan T. Asaka, T. Fukui, T. Inagaki, C. Kondo, H. Maesaka, T. Ohshima, T. Sakurai RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, Japan
	The RF system of the SPring-8 storage ring has stably generated an accelerating voltage of 16 MV at a frequency of 508.58 MHz since 1997. In the upgrade of the SPring-8, a beam energy is lowered from 8 to 6 GeV and a needed voltage is 7 MV. The upgrade employs multi-bending optics, and shortens the straight sections available for RF accelerating cavities by 30%. On account of the space, the RF system is to be so rearranged that the number of cavities can be reduced to half. The analog low-level RF (LLRF) system in use controls the voltage with sufficiently small deviations of less than 0.1 % in amplitude and less than 0.1 degree in phase, but becomes out-of-dates and hard to be maintained. We plan to replace them with a compact digital LLRF system in the MTCA.4 standard and based on under-sampling scheme. The SACLA linac is used for injecting a low-emittance beam to the ring. Because we have to balance the FEL operation and the beam injection on demand, pulse-by-pulse control of beam parameters is going to be implemented to the SACLA LLRF modules. Furthermore, we build a timing system for injection to a target bucket-position in the ring within a time deviation of 3 ps.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPMW009
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MOPMW010	Property Test of the Q-Factor for High Purity Copper at the Temperature of 20K	cavity, electron, radiation, cryogenics	417
	A. Iino Sokendai, Ibaraki, Japan K. Endo TOYAMA Co., Ltd., Zama-shi, Kanagawa, Japan S. Yamaguchi KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
	A coherent parametric x-ray radiation (PXR) source based on a cryogenic electron linac has been developed by Toyama Co., Ltd, KEK and Nihon University. This accelerator is a C-band normal-conducting compact linac that requires a high Q factor in the accelerating and de-celerating structures. To obtain a high Q factor, the ac-celerating and decelerating structures are operated around 20 K, and are joined by diffusion bonding and are constructed with high-purity 6N8 copper which has very low resistivity in extremely low temperatures. In this study, we report the measurements and calculation of the residual resistance ratio (RRR) for 6N8 copper and oxy-gen-free copper (Class 1) as well as the Q factor for a pillbox cavity made of 6N8 copper and Class 1. The results of a low-power test of this accelerating structure at low temperature are reported. The Q factor for a 6N8 copper pillbox cavity is not much higher than that of a Class 1 pillbox cavity at low temperatures Moreover, the Q factor is saturated when RRR is greater than 500.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPMW010
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MOPMW014	Design of the 7MeV Linac Injector for the 200MeV Synchrotron of the Xi'an Proton Application Facility	rfq, ion, DTL, synchrotron	426
	Q.Z. Xing, C. Cheng, C.T. Du, L. Du, T. Du, X. Guan, H. Jiang, C.-X. Tang, R. Tang, D. Wang, X.W. Wang, L. Wu, H.Y. Zhang, Q.Z. Zhang, S.X. Zheng TUB, Beijing, People's Republic of China W.Q. Guan, Y. He, J. Li NUCTECH, Beijing, People's Republic of China B.C. Wang, Z.M. Wang, W.L. Yang, Y. Yang, C. Zhao State Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiation Simulation and Effect, Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Shannxi, People's Republic of China
	We present, in this paper, the design result of the 7 MeV linac which will inject the negative hydrogen ion beam to the downsteam synchrotron of the Xi‘an Proton Application Facility (XiPAF). This newly designed facility will be located in Xi'an city and provide the proton beam with the maximum energy of 230 MeV for the research of the single event effect. The 7 MeV linac injector is composed of the 50 keV negative hydrogen ion source, Low Energy Beam Transport line (LEBT), 3 MeV four-vane-type Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) accelerator, 7 MeV Alvarez-type Drift Tube Linac (DTL), and the corresponding RF power source system. The output beam of the linac injector is designed with the peak current of 5 mA, maximum repetition frequency of 0.5 Hz, beam pulse width of 10~40 μs and RMS normalized emittance of 0.24 π mm·mard.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPMW014
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MOPMW019	Resonant Frequency Control with RCCS for the KOMAC Proton Linac	controls, DTL, LLRF, proton	435
	D.H. Seo, Y.-S. Cho, H.S. Kim, H.-J. Kwon, K.T. Seol, Y.G. Song Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
	Funding: This work is supported by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning of the Korean Government. The Resonance control cooling systems (RCCS) of 100 MeV proton linac at the Korea multi-purpose accelerator complex (KOMAC) have been operated for cooling the drift tubes (DT) and controlling the resonant frequency of the drift tube linac (DTL). The RCCS can maintain the cooling water temperature within ±0.1 °C by controlling 3-way valve opening. The RCCS has two types of control mode, the constant cooling water temperature control mode and the resonant frequency control mode. In the case of the resonant frequency control, the error frequency is measured in the low-level RF (LLRF) control system and the RCCS compensates the error frequency by controlling the cooling water temperature of DT with PID algorithm. In this paper, the operation results of the resonant frequency control with the RCCS as well as some modification of the LLRF system are presented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPMW019
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MOPMW043	Overview of High Power Vacuum Dry RF Load Designs	vacuum, klystron, accelerating-gradient, interface	504
	A.K. Krasnykh, A. Brachmann, F.-J. Decker, T.J. Maxwell, J. Sheppard SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
	Funding: Work supported by US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-76SF00515 A specific feature of RF linacs based on the pulsed traveling wave (TW) mode of operation is that only a portion of the RF energy is used for the beam acceleration. The residual RF energy has to be terminated into an RF load. Higher accelerating gradients require higher RF sources and RF loads, which can stably terminate the residual RF power. This overview will outline vacuumed RF loads only. A common method to terminate multi-MW RF power is to use circulated water (or other liquid) as an absorbing medium. A solid dielectric interface (a high quality ceramic) is required to separate vacuum and liquid RF absorber mediums. Using such RF load approaches in TW linacs is troubling because there is a fragile ceramic window barrier and a failure could become catastrophic for linac vacuum and RF systems. Traditional loads comprising of a ceramic disk have limited peak and average power handling capability and are therefore not suitable for high gradient TW linacs. This overview will focus on 'vacuum dry' or 'all-metal' loads that do not employ any dielectric interface between vacuum and absorber. The first prototype is an original design of RF loads for the Stanford Two-Mile Accelerator.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPMW043
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MOPOR017	First Year Performance of the TPS Booster Ring	booster, emittance, synchrotron, storage-ring	634
	H.-J. Tsai, P.J. Chou, K.T. Hsu, K.H. Hu, C.-C. Kuo, C.Y. Liao, Y.-C. Liu, G.-H. Luo, F.H. Tseng NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	The Taiwan Photon Source (TPS) is a 3-GeV low- emittance light source of circumference 518.4 m. The booster ring is in the same tunnel with the storage ring; its circumference at 496.8 m makes it the largest booster ring in operation in existing light sources. Since the successful commissioning at the end of 2014, the TPS booster ring has been optimized in performance for routine operation. In this paper, we present the system upgrade and the improvement of the ramping procedure to increase the capture and ramping efficiency of the beam charge, the characterization of the optics, etc.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOR017
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MOPOR025	3D Emittances Tailoring Techniques and Optimization with Space Charge for the Future CERN PS Booster Operations with Linac4	injection, emittance, coupling, simulation	660
	V. Forte, J.L. Abelleira, E. Benedetto, C. Bracco, M. Cieslak-Kowalska, G.P. Di Giovanni CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	In the frame of the LIU (LHC Injectors Upgrade) project, the CERN PS Booster is going to be renovated to host a new H⁻ charge-exchange injection from the Linac4. One important feature of the new injection scheme is the possibility to tailor a wide range of 3D emittances for CERN's different users in an intensity span in the order of 5·10⁹ to 1.6·10¹³ protons per PSB ring. This paper gives an overview of 3D multi-turn injection techniques, focusing on the future LHC beams, which aim at reaching high brightness, and on highest intensity beams (ISOLDE), where losses are the main concern. Complete RF capture simulations and transverse injection maps, including space charge effects, are presented and also intended to be used during the commissioning with Linac4.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOR025
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MOPOR032	Using of the MENT Method for Reconstruction of 2D Particle Distributions in IFMIF Accelerators	emittance, SRF, simulation, HOM	668
	P.A.P. Nghiem, N. Chauvin, L. Ducrot, M. Valette CEA/DSM/IRFU, France
	Beam particles are characterized by their coordinates in real spaces or phase spaces that are at least two-dimensional. It is often necessary to reconstruct such a 2D-distribution from the knowledge of only its projections on some axes, either for making use of tomography measurement results or for setting up an input beam for transport simulations. In this article, the use of the MENT (Maximum Entropy) reconstruction method is reported for the IFMIF accelerators where high intensity beam distributions are far from Gaussian ones.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOR032
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MOPOR038	Implications of Resonantly Driven Higher Order Modes on the ESS Beam	HOM, cavity, simulation, emittance	683
	A. Farricker, R.M. Jones, N.Y. Joshi UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom S. Molloy ESS, Lund, Sweden
	The European Spallation Source (ESS) in Lund, Sweden, will be a facility for fundamental physics studies of atomic structure using a spallation source of unparalleled brightness. To achieve this end, a 2.86 ms long pulsed proton beam will be accelerated up to a final energy of 2 GeV using three suites of superconducting cavities. If a Higher Order Mode (HOM) lies on a harmonic of the bunch frequency the HOM will be resonantly driven. This will dilute the beam quality significantly. Errors in fabricating these cavities are inevitable, and this sets a tolerance on how close the HOM can be within a harmonic of the bunch frequency. The baseline design for ESS requires HOMs to be at least 5 MHz from a machine line. Here we provide details of several finite element electromagnetic simulations on the HOMS anticipated in these ESS cavities. We analyse their impact on the beam emittance using a drift-kick-drift model with the potential for relaxed tolerances.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOR038
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MOPOR042	Beam Dynamics Modeling of Drift-tube Linacs with CST Particle Studio	DTL, simulation, rfq, injection	689
	S.S. Kurennoy LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
	The CST Studio provides convenient tools for self-consistent 3D modeling of accelerators, even large ones. Here we demonstrate this approach for the LANSCE drift-tube linac (DTL) taken as an example. The RF fields in 3D models of full DTL tanks are calculated and tuned with MicroWave Studio (MWS). Beam dynamics in the DTL is modeled with Particle Studio for bunches and bunch trains with realistic initial beam distributions using the MWS-calculated RF fields and quadrupole magnetic fields. The output beam parameters and locations of particle losses are calculated and compared for different beam distributions. Our main emphasis is on the formation of low-energy tails (longitudinal halo) and their interaction with regular bunches. Such effects are usually not taken into account in standard multi-particle phase-space codes.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOR042
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MOPOR043	High-gradient Structures for Proton Energy Boosters	booster, proton, cavity, experiment	692
	S.S. Kurennoy, L. Rybarcyk LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
	Increasing energy of proton beam at LANSCE from 800 MeV to 3 GeV can improve radiography resolution ~10 times. The best current practice to achieve this energy boost is to employ superconducting (SC) RF cavities with gradients about 15 MV/m after the existing linac, which results in a long and expensive booster. We propose accomplishing the same with a room-sized booster based on high-gradient (100s MV/m) room-temperature RF accelerating structures operating at low duty factors. Such high-gradient (HG) structures at very high RF frequencies have been demonstrated for electrons. However, they have never been used for protons because typical RF wavelengths are smaller than the proton bunch length. This is not a problem for proton radiography (pRad): a train of very short proton bunches with the same total length (10s ps) and charge as the original proton bunch will work as well, i.e., will create one radiography frame. Such a compact HG pRad booster can also be about an order of magnitude cheaper than the SC one. We explore feasibility of HG structures for protons and their application for a compact pRad booster at LANSCE.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOR043
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MOPOW003	RF Phase Jitter Consideration in Bunch Compression	klystron, simulation, electron, FEL	704
	T.K. Charles, D.M. Paganin Monash University, Faculty of Science, Clayton, Victoria, Australia M.J. Boland, R.T. Dowd SLSA, Clayton, Australia
	Error propagation of RF phase jitter is analysed for various linac layout configurations and the sensitivity of the compression ratio due to RF phase jitter is analysed. Multiple sources of jitter have the opportunity to destructively interfere, and (perhaps counter intuitively) found to not add in quadrature. Results are compared to Elegant simulations.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOW003
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MOPOW004	Electron Trajectory Caustic Formation Resulting in Current Horns present in Bunch Compression	electron, FEL, wakefield, simulation	708
	T.K. Charles, D.M. Paganin Monash University, Faculty of Science, Clayton, Victoria, Australia M.J. Boland, R.T. Dowd SLSA, Clayton, Australia
	Current horns are ubiquitous in Free Electron Laser (FEL) bunch compression. In this paper, we analyse the formation of these current spikes and identify the cause as caustic formation in the electron trajectories. We also present a possible solution to avoid or mitigate the current horns from developing through using optical linearization.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOW004
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MOPOW015	Fermi Upgrade Plans	FEL, laser, operation, electron	744
	A. Fabris, E. Allaria, L. Badano, F. Bencivenga, C. Callegari, F. Capotondi, D. Castronovo, F. Cilento, P. Cinquegrana, M. Coreno, R. Cucini, I. Cudin, G. D'Auria, M.B. Danailov, R. De Monte, G. De Ninno, P. Delgiusto, A.A. Demidovich, S. Di Mitri, B. Diviacco, R. Fabris, W.M. Fawley, M. Ferianis, E. Ferrari, P. Finetti, P. Furlan Radivo, G. Gaio, D. Gauthier, F. Gelmetti, L. Giannessi, F. Iazzourene, M. Kiskinova, S. Krecic, M. Lonza, N. Mahne, M. Malvestuto, C. Masciovecchio, M. Milloch, F. Parmigiani, G. Penco, A. Perucchi, L. Pivetta, O. Plekan, M. Predonzani, E. Principi, L. Raimondi, P. Rebernik Ribič, F. Rossi, E. Roussel, L. Rumiz, C. Scafuri, C. Serpico, P. Sigalotti, M. Svandrlik, C. Svetina, M. Trovò, A. Vascotto, M. Veronese, R. Visintini, D. Zangrando, M. Zangrando Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy
	FERMI has reached its nominal performance on both FEL lines, FEL-1 (12 eV to 62 eV) and FEL-2 (62 eV to 310 eV). After a brief overview of the activities with users, we will describe plans for LINAC , FEL and beamline upgrades for 2016-2018 and beyond. This includes EEHG schemes for FEL-2.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOW015
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MOPOW028	Research on Pulse Energy Fluctuation of a Cascaded High Gain Harmonic Generation Free Electron Laser	electron, FEL, laser, timing	781
	Z. Wang, C. Feng, Q. Gu, Z.T. Zhao SINAP, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
	Shot to shot pulse energy fluctuation is one of the most critical issues for two-stage cascaded high gain harmonic generation (HGHG) free electron lasers (FELs). In this paper, we study the effects of various electron parameters jitters on the output pulse energy fluctuations based on Shanghai Soft X-ray free electron laser facility (SXFEL). The results show that the relative timing jitter between the electron beam and the seed laser is proved to be the most sensitive factor. The energy jitter and charge jitter make some contributions and are non-ignorable as well. Some comparisons between our facility and FERMI have been made and we hope the conclusions draw from this study would be a reference for the optimization of future seeded FEL facilities based on cascading stages of HGHG.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOW028
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MOPOW036	Design Optimization of an X-band based FEL	FEL, simulation, emittance, gun	793
	A.A. Aksoy Ankara University, Accelerator Technologies Institute, Golbasi / Ankara, Turkey A. Latina, J. Pfingstner, D. Schulte CERN, Geneva, Switzerland Z. Nergiz Nigde University, Nigde, Turkey
	A design effort for a new generation of compact, cost-effective, power-efficient FEL facilities, based on X-band technology, has been launched. High-frequency X-band acceleration implies strong wakefields, tight alignment and mechanical tolerances, and challenging stability issues. In this paper a design is proposed for the injector and the linacs, including the two bunch compressors. RF gun and injector simulations have been performed, successfully meeting the stringent requirements in terms of minimum projected emittance, sliced emittance and minimum bunch length. In the design of the linac and bunch compressors wakefield effects and misalignment have been taken into account. Start-to-end tracking simulations through the optimized lattice are presented and discussed.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOW036
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MOPOW037	Developments in the CLARA FEL Test Facility Accelerator Design and Simulations	FEL, space-charge, undulator, simulation	797
	P.H. Williams, D. Angal-Kalinin, A.D. Brynes, J.A. Clarke, F. Jackson, J.K. Jones, J.W. McKenzie, B.L. Militsyn, N. Thompson STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom R.B. Appleby UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom B. Kyle University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
	We present recent developments in the accelerator design of CLARA (Compact Linear Accelerator for Research and Applications), the proposed UK FEL test facility at Daresbury Laboratory. In order to prioritise FEL schemes requiring the shortest electron bunches, the layout has changed significantly to enable compression at higher energy. Four proposed modes of operation are defined and tracked from cathode to FEL using ASTRA. Supplementing these baseline mode definitions with CSR-enabled codes (such as CSRTRACK) where appropriate is in progress. The FEL layout is re-optimised to include shorter undulators with delay chicanes between each radiator.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOW037
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MOPOW048	Development of the LCLS-II Optics Design	undulator, electron, optics, kicker	820
	Y. Nosochkov, P. Emma, T.O. Raubenheimer, M. Woodley SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
	Funding: Work supported by the Department of Energy Contract DE-AC02-76SF00515. The LCLS-II is a high repetition rate, high average brightness free-electron laser (FEL) under construction at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. The LCLS-II will include new major components: a high repetition-rate injector, a superconducting, CW (continuous wave), 4-GeV linac with a bunch compressor system, a 3-way beam spreader, with independent hard X-ray (HXR) and soft X-ray (SXR) FEL undulators. The design is based on the existing SLAC facilities, including the LCLS linac and beam transport lines. The new SXR line will utilize a variable-gap undulator sharing the same tunnel with the new HXR horizontal-gap vertically polarizing undulator that will replace the existing LCLS undulator. We describe the current state of the electron optics design and the latest developments.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOW048
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MOPOW051	High Level Control Command for ThomX Transfer Line	emittance, quadrupole, optics, TANGO	830
	C. Bruni, I. Chaikovska, S. Chancé, N. Delerue, A.R. Gamelin, H. Guler, H. Monard, C. Vallerand LAL, Orsay, France A. Loulergue SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
	ThomX Compact X ray source is a 50 MeV storage ring, and a linear accelerator based on a photo-injector. As the electron beam in the ring will not be damped by synchrotron radiation, the transfer line should rely on a precise injection in the ring. In order to fulfill this requirement, especially in terms of optics function and orbit correction, different tools have been prepared and tested on the accelerator toolbox of Matlab Middle Layer. We will present the different tools and the underlying physics for the ThomX transfer line.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOW051
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MOPOY019	Status of the First CH-Cavities for the New Superconducting CW Heavy Ion LINAC@GSI	resonance, cavity, operation, ion	886
	M. Basten, M. Amberg, M. Busch, F.D. Dziuba, H. Podlech, M. Schwarz IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany K. Aulenbacher IKP, Mainz, Germany K. Aulenbacher, W.A. Barth, V. Gettmann, S. Mickat, M. Miski-Oglu HIM, Mainz, Germany W.A. Barth, M. Heilmann, S. Mickat, S. Yaramyshev GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
	In the field of Super Heavy Elements (SHE) a superconducting (sc) continuous wave (cw) high intensity heavy ion LINAC is highly desirable. Currently a multi-stage R&D program conducted by GSI, HIM and IAP* is in progress. The baseline linac design composes a high performance ion source, a new low energy beam transport line, a (cw) upgraded High Charge State Injector (HLI), and a matching line (1.4 MeV/u) followed by the new sc-DTL LINAC for acceleration up to 7.3 MeV/u. The commissioning of the first CH cavity (Demonstrator), in a horizontal cryo module with beam is a major milestone in 2016*. The advanced demonstrator comprises constant-beta sc Crossbar-H-mode (CH) cavities operated at 217 MHz. Presently, the first two sc CH cavities of the advanced demonstrator are under construction at Research Instruments (RI), Bergisch Gladbach, Germany. A string of cavities and focusing elements build from several short CH-cavities with 8 gaps, without girders is recommended. The new design potentially reduces the overall technical risks during the fabrication and the pressure sensitivity through stiffening brackets. The present status of the first two sc cavities will be presented. W.Barth et al., Further R&D for a new Superconducting cw Heavy Ion LINAC@GSI, IPAC'14 **F.Dziuba et al., Measurements on the Superconducting 217 MHz CH Cavity during the Manufacturing Phase, SRF2015
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOY019
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MOPOY022	Further Upgrade Measures at New GSI cw-Linac Demonstrator Setup	solenoid, cavity, ion, heavy-ion	892
	M. Heilmann, W.A. Barth, S. Mickat, S. Yaramyshev GSI, Darmstadt, Germany M. Amberg, M. Basten, F.D. Dziuba, H. Podlech, U. Ratzinger, M. Schwarz IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany K. Aulenbacher IKP, Mainz, Germany K. Aulenbacher, W.A. Barth, V. Gettmann, S. Mickat, M. Miski-Oglu HIM, Mainz, Germany
	A new continuous wave (cw) linac is required to deliver high intensity heavy ion beams for Super Heavy Element (SHE) future experiments at GSI Darmstadt, Germany. The presented upgrade measures are dedicated to improve the performance of the cw demonstrator setup. The key component is a cryomodule comprising a superconducting (sc) 217 MHz Crossbar-H-mode (CH) cavity surrounded by two sc 9.3T solenoids with compensation coils. The solenoid coil is made of a Nb3Sn wire; and the compensation coils at both ends of the solenoid comprises NbTi wires. The distance between solenoid lense and CH cavity has to be optimized for ideal beam matching as well as for a minimum rest field inside the cavity below the critical magnetic field. The GSI High Charge State (HLI) injector has to deliver a heavy ion beam with an energy of 1.4 MeV/u. Longitudinal matching to the demonstrator is provided by two 10⁸.4 MHz cw room temperature λ/4 re-buncher cavity installed behind the HLI. In this paper electromagnetic simulations of the field optimization for the solenoids and the re-buncher cavities will be presented as well as first beam experiments at the beam transport line to the demonstrator cavity.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOY022
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MOPOY023	Further Steps Towards the Superconducting CW-LINAC for Heavy Ions at GSI	cavity, heavy-ion, ion, target	896
	M. Schwarz, M. Basten, M. Busch, F.D. Dziuba, H. Podlech, U. Ratzinger, R. Tiede IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany W.A. Barth, V. Gettmann, M. Heilmann, S. Mickat, M. Miski-Oglu, S. Yaramyshev GSI, Darmstadt, Germany W.A. Barth, V. Gettmann, S. Mickat, M. Miski-Oglu HIM, Mainz, Germany
	Funding: Work supported by BMBF contr. No. 05P15RFRBA For future experiments with heavy ions near the coulomb barrier within the super-heavy element (SHE) research project a multi-stage R&D program of GSI, HIM and IAP is currently in progress. It aims at developing a superconducting (sc) continuous wave (cw) LINAC with multiple CH cavities as key components downstream the upgraded High Charge Injector (HLI) at GSI. The LINAC design is challenging, due to the requirement of intense beams in cw-mode up to a mass-to-charge-ratio of 6 while covering a broad output energy range from 3.5 to 7.3 MeV/u with minimum energy spread. The next milestone will be a full performance beam test of the first expansion stage at GSI, the Demonstrator, comprising two solenoids and a 15-gap CH cavity inside a cryostat.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOY023
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MOPOY024	Development of a 325 MHz Ladder-RFQ of the 4-Rod-Type	rfq, proton, vacuum, ion	899
	M. Schütt, U. Ratzinger IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany C. Zhang GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
	In order to have an inexpensive alternative to 4-Vane RFQs above 200 MHz, we study the possibilities of a Ladder-RFQ. The 325 MHz RFQ is designed to accelerate protons from 95 keV to 3.0 MeV according to the design parameters of the research program with cooled antiprotons at FAIR. This particular high frequency for an RFQ creates difficulties, which are challenging in developing a cavity. In order to define a satisfactory geometrical configuration for this resonator, both from the RF and the mechanical point of view, different designs have been examined and compared. Very promising results have been reached with a ladder type RFQ, which has been investigated since 2013. Due to its geometric size the manufacturing as well as maintenance is not that complex compared with welded accelerators. The manufacturing, coppering and assembling of a 0.8 m prototype RFQ is finished. We present recent measurements of the rf-field, frequency-tuning, field flatness and the mode spectrum.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOY024
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MOPOY025	Electromagnetic Design of β=0.13, f=325 Mhz Half-Wave Resonator for Future High Power, High Intensity Proton Driver at KEK	cavity, proton, electron, rfq	902
	G.-T. Park, E. Kako, Y. Kobayashi, T. Koseki, S. Michizono, F. Naito, H. Nakai, K. Umemori, S. Yamaguchi KEK, Ibaraki, Japan T. Maruta KEK/JAEA, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan
	At KEK, a proposal is being prepared for a new linac-based proton driver that can accelerate the proton beam up to 9 GeV with 9 MW beam power and 100 mA peak current. In this report, we present the study on the front end design of the linac, which will accelerate the beam to 1.2 GeV: The baseline layout, the acceleration energy structure, RF characteristics of components, cryomodule configurations, and the detailed design of half-wave resonator 1.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOY025
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MOPOY026	Baseline Design of a Proton Linac for BNCT at OIST	rfq, neutron, DTL, proton	906
	Y. Kondo, K. Hasegawa JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan Y. Higashi, H. Sugawara, M. Yoshioka OIST, Onna-son, Okinawa, Japan H. Kumada Tsukuba University, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, Ibaraki, Japan S.-I. Kurokawa Cosylab, Tsukuba, Japan H. Matsumoto, F. Naito KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
	A new facility to develop a proton linac based neutron source for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) and various neutron science is planned at Okinawa institute of science and technology (OIST). This facility aims to develop a prototype system of the mass production model of BNCT systems as medical apparatus. The beam power and the beam energy at the neutron production target are assumed to about 60 kW and 10 MeV, respectively. The energy will be finally decided to optimize the ratio of necessary epi-thermal and other energy of neutron. If the energy is 10 MeV, 60 kW beam power can be achieved with a beam current of 30 mA and a duty factor of 20%. The linac consists of an ECR ion source, a two-solenoid-magnet LEBT, a four-vane RFQ, and an Alvarez DTL, which are very conventional as components of proton linac. To make the accelerator compact, we are considering to use a 400-MHz band resonant frequency. As a medical apparatus, it is required that the linac system is stable and operated easily without experts of accelerator. The design of proton linac is one of the most important issues in our development. In this paper, the baseline design of this OIST BNCT linac is described.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOY026
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MOPOY028	Low Power RF Tuning of the CSNS DTL	DTL, cavity, insertion, neutron	913
	H.C. Liu, Q. Chen, M.X. Fan, S. Fu, K.Y. Gong, A.H. Li, J. Peng, S. Wang, X. Wu, F.X. Zhao IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China B. Li, P.H. Qu, Y. Wang CSNS, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
	The China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) is an accelerator-based neutron source being built at dongguan, Guangdong province in China. A conventional 324MHz Alvarez-type Drift tube linac (DTL) is utilized to accelerate an H⁻ ion beam from 3MeV to 80MeV. The RF field tuning of DTL is necessary for compensating the unexpected error caused by manufacturing and assembling. For reasons of RF power saving it is convenient to build a long DTL tank, but this choice involves risks of accelerating field instability. This problem can be fixed by using the resonant coupling stabilization method and equipping DTL cavities with a series of post-couplers. A practical tuning method was proposed, an acceptable field distribution with a good stability was achieved for CSNS DTL-1.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOY028
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MOPOY029	Transverse Emittance Measurements in CSNS Linac	emittance, focusing, quadrupole, space-charge	916
	Z.P. Li, Y. Li, J. Peng, S. Wang IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	Commissioning of the front-end of the linac at CSNS has been accomplished. Double scanning slit system and wire-scanners were employed to carry out the transverse emittance measurements in both low energy beam transport (LEBT) and medium energy beam transport (MEBT). Different results of different measurement methods are presented and compared. Corresponding codes were developed for each of the emittance measurement methods.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOY029
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MOPOY030	Superconducting Cavity Phase and Amplitude Measurement in Low Energy Accelerating Section	LLRF, cavity, beam-transport, superconducting-cavity	919
	C. Meng, H. Geng, F. Yan, Y.L. Zhao IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	Superconducting linear accelerator is the tendency in linac design with the development of superconducting RF technology. Superconducting cavities used as accelerating section in low energy Hadron linac are more and more common. The 5MeV test stand of CADS accelerator Injector I is composed of an ion source, a LEBT, a 325MHz RFQ, a MEBT, a cryogenic module (CM1) of seven SC spoke cavities (β=0.12) , seven SC solenoids, seven cold BPMs and a beam dump. The phase and amplitude setting of superconducting cavity are very important at the operation of accelerator, so beam based measurement of cavity phase and amplitude is necessary. Beam based phase scan is the most simple and effective method. Because the significant velocity changes in superconducting cavity at low energy section, the effective voltage is changing with cavity phase, meanwhile the synchronous phase is non-linear with LLRF phase. Above two problem make the cavity phase determination difficult. New date fitting method is proposed to solve these problem in this paper. Some measurements of spoke cavities in the CADS CM1 are also presented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOY030
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MOPOY031	Emittance Measurement with Double-Slit Method in CADS Injector-I	emittance, solenoid, rfq, simulation	922
	C. Meng, H. Geng, Z. Xue, F. Yan, L. Yu, Y.L. Zhao IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	The C-ADS accelerator is a CW (Continuous-Wave) proton linac with 1.5 GeV in beam energy, 10 mA in beam current, and 15 MW in beam power. CADS Injector-I accelerator is a 10-mA 10-MeV CW proton linac, which uses a 3.2-MeV normal conducting 4-Vane RFQ and superconducting single-spoke cavities for accelerating. The 5MeV test stand of CADS accelerator Injector I is composed of an ion source, a LEBT, a 325MHz RFQ, a MEBT, a cryogenic module (CM1) of seven SC spoke cavities (β=0.12) , seven SC solenoids, seven cold BPMs and a beam dump. Emittance measurement is very important for the understanding of beam behavior and matching to the next accelerating section. Detailed emittance measurement with double-slit method after CM1 are presented in this paper.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOY031
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MOPOY038	Studies for Tuning Algorithm of Superconducting Cavity Amplitude and Phase in the RAON Accelerator	cavity, GUI, simulation, interface	932
	H. Jin, J.-H. Jang IBS, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
	The RAON accelerator utilizes the low energy and high energy superconducting linacs for the acceleration of the stable ion beams and the rare isotope beams. The low energy superconducting linac is composed of the quarter-wave resonator (QWR) and the half-wave resonator (HWR) cavities, and the high energy superconducting linac consists of two kinds of single-spoke resonator (SSR) cavities. In the beam commissioning, the tuning of these superconducting cavities is a significant issue to achieve the targeted beam energy and to avoid the deterioration of the beam quality. In this paper, we will present the tuning program based on the phase scan tuning algorithm for the superconducting cavity amplitude and phase in the RAON accelerator and describe the simulation results.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOY038
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MOPOY039	Progress on Superconducting Linac for the RAON Heavy Ion Accelerator	cryomodule, cavity, ion, electron	935
	H.J. Kim, H.C. Jung, W.K. Kim IBS, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
	The RISP (Rare Isotope Science Project) has been proposed as a multi-purpose accelerator facility for providing beams of exotic rare isotopes of various energies. It can deliver ions from proton to uranium. Proton and uranium ions are accelerated upto 600 MeV and 200 MeV/u respectively. The facility consists of three superconducting linacs of which superconducting cavities are independently phased. Requirement of the linac design is especially high for acceleration of multiple charge beams. In this paper, we present the RISP linac design, the prototyping of superconducting cavity and cryomodule.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOY039
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MOPOY041	Commissioning of New Proton and Light Ion Injector for Nuclotron-Nica	rfq, ion, vacuum, simulation	941
	S.M. Polozov, V.S. Dyubkov, M. Gusarova, T. Kulevoy, A.A. Martynov, A.S. Plastun, A.V. Samoshin MEPhI, Moscow, Russia V. Aleksandrov, A.V. Butenko, B.V. Golovenskiy, A. Govorov, V. Kobets, A.D. Kovalenko, V. Monchinsky, V.V. Seleznev, A.O. Sidorin, G.V. Trubnikov JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia V. Andreev, A.I. Balabin, S.V. Barabin, V.A. Koshelev, A.V. Kozlov, G. Kropachev, R.P. Kuibeda, T. Kulevoy, V.G. Kuzmichev, D.A. Liakin, A.Y. Orlov, A.S. Plastun, D.N. Selesnev, A. Sitnikov, Yu. Stasevich ITEP, Moscow, Russia A.P. Durkin MRTI RAS, Moscow, Russia K.A. Levterov JINR/VBLHEP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia S.V. Vinogradov MIPT, Dolgoprudniy, Moscow Region, Russia
	The new accelerator complex Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA) is now under development and construction at JINR. New complex is assumed to operate using two injectors: the Alvarez-type linac LU-20 as injector of light ions, polarized protons and deuterons and a new linac HILac of heavy ions. Now the modernization of LU-20 is also realized and old pulse DC injector is planning to replace by RFQ linac. New RFQ linac was developed and manufactured and is now under commissioning at Nuclotron injectors hall. New results of RFQ linac resonator testing and measurements, RF power load and linac testing with deuterium and carbon beam will discuss in this report.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOY041
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MOPOY042	The Perspective of Jinr Lu-20 Replacement by a Superconducting Linac	simulation, proton, ion, cavity	944
	S.M. Polozov, M. Gusarova, T. Kulevoy, M.V. Lalayan, A.V. Samoshin, S.E. Toporkov MEPhI, Moscow, Russia M.A. Baturitski BSU, Minsk, Belarus A.V. Butenko, V. Monchinsky, A.O. Sidorin, G.V. Trubnikov JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia G. Kropachev, T. Kulevoy ITEP, Moscow, Russia A.A. Marysheva, V.S. Petrakovsky, I.L. Pobol, A.I. Pokrovsky, S.V. Yurevich, A.Yu. Zhuravsky Physical-Technical Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
	The new accelerator complex Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA) is now under development and construction at JINR. Existing Alvarez-type DTL linac LU-20 is now operates as injector of light ions, polarized protons and deuterons to Nuclotron for LHEP experimental program. It provides proton beam of 20 MeV energy and light ions of 5 MeV/u energy. In 2015 the cascade transformer 800 kV which is pre-accelerator of LU-20 had been replaced by the new RFQ linac (energy 155 keV for ions with Z/A<0.5). The proposal on Alvarez linac LU-20 upgrade by a superconducting light ion linac with energy up to 50 MeV is discussed in this report.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOY042
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MOPOY045	ESS Linac Beam Physics Design Update	rfq, DTL, proton, target	947
	M. Eshraqi, H. Danared, R. De Prisco, A. Jansson, Y.I. Levinsen, M. Lindroos, R. Miyamoto, M. Muñoz, A. Ponton ESS, Lund, Sweden
	The European Spallation Source, ESS, uses a linear accelerator to bombard the tungsten target with the high intensity protons beam for producing intense beams of neutrons. The nominal average beam power of the linac is 5~MW with a peak beam power at target of 125~MW. This paper focuses on the beam dynamics design of the ESS linac and the diagnostics elements used for the tuning of the lattice and matching between sections.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOY045
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MOPOY047	Studies of Ultimate Intensity Limits for High Power Proton Linacs	proton, DTL, rfq, emittance	951
	D.C. Plostinar, C.R. Prior, G.H. Rees STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom M.O. Boenig, A.E. Geisler, O. Heid Siemens AG, Erlangen, Germany I.V. Konoplev, A. Seryi, S.L. Sheehy JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom
	Although modern high power proton machines can now routinely deliver MW level operating powers, the next generation accelerators will be required to reach powers orders of magnitude higher. Significant developments will be needed both in technology and in understanding the limits of high intensity operation. The present study investigates the beam dynamics in three experimental linac designs when the beam intensity is increased above current levels such that for CW regimes, beam powers of up to 400 MW can be attained. In the first, a 1 A proton beam is accelerated to 400 MeV using normal conducting structures. In the second, a comparison is made when two front ends accelerate 0.5 A beams to ~20 MeV where they are funnelled to 1 A and accelerated to 400 MeV. Similarly, in the third, two 0.25 A beams are funnelled to 0.5 A and then accelerated in superconducting structures to 800 MeV. In addition, alternative unconventional methods of generating high current beams are also discussed. The further studies that are needed to be undertaken in the future are outlined, but it is considered that the three linac configurations found are sufficiently promising for detailed technical designs to follow.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOY047
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MOPOY050	Beam Commissioning Plan of the FRIB Superconducting Linac	cavity, operation, optics, simulation	961
	Y. Zhang, C.P. Chu, Z.Q. He, M. Ikegami, S.M. Lidia, S.M. Lund, F. Marti, G. Shen, Y. Yamazaki, Q. Zhao FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
	Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science under Cooperative Agreement DE-SC0000661 The FRIB superconducting linac will deliver all heavy ion beams with energy above 200 MeV/u, and beam power on target up to 400 kW for generation of short lived isotopes. Beam commissioning is the first step to prepare and tune the superconducting linac for high power operation. A staged beam commissioning plan of the FRIB linac is developed, and complete beam tuning practices segment by segment through the entire linac are introduced, which include phase scan signature matching of the superconducting cavities, longitudinal beam matching, transverse matching with horizontal-vertical beam coupling, and beam optics corrections of achromatic and isochronous folding segments up to the second order for acceleration and transport of multi charge state beams.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOY050
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MOPOY052	200 MeV H⁻ Linac Upgrades at Brookhaven	controls, ion, power-supply, ion-source	968
	D. Raparia, J.G. Alessi, G. Atoian, B. Briscoe, C. Cullen, D.M. Gassner, O. Gould, M. Harvey, T. Lehn, V. LoDestro, M. Mapes, I. Marneris, A. McNerney, J. Morris, W.E. Pekrul, J. Ritter, R.F. Schoenfeld, F. Severino, C. Theisen, A. Zaltsman, A. Zelenski BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	The 200 MeV H⁻ Linac has been operational for the last 45 years providing beam for the physics and isotope programs. Currently we are upgrading the Linac for improved reliability and integrated intensity. Recently we replaced the 7651 tubes with solid-state RF amplifiers. In addition, the low level RF system and Timing system were upgraded and new beam loss monitors were installed that is sensitive at low-energies and to neutrons. We have a plan for future upgrades to the vacuum, Controls, diagnostics and power supply systems. In order to achieve higher average current for the isotope program, it is plan to increase the beam pulse length from 450 us to 900 us. This will require modifications to the RF and all pulse power supply systems.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOY052
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MOPOY053	The SARAF-LINAC Project Status	cryomodule, rfq, status, diagnostics	971
	N. Pichoff, N. Bazin, L. Boudjaoui, P. Brédy, D. Chirpaz-Cerbat, R. Cubizolles, B. Dalena, G. Ferrand, B. Gastineau, P. Gastinel, P. Girardot, F. Gougnaud, P. Hardy, M. Jacquemet, F. Leseigneur, C. Madec, N. Misiara, P.A.P. Nghiem, D. Uriot CEA/IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France P. Bertrand, M. Di Giacomo, R. Ferdinand, J.-M. Lagniel, J.F. Leyge, M. Michel GANIL, Caen, France
	SNRC and CEA collaborate to the upgrade of the SARAF accelerator to 5 mA CW 40 MeV deuteron and proton beams (Phase 2). CEA is in charge of the design, construction and commissioning of the superconducting linac (SARAF-LINAC Project). This paper presents to the accelerator community the status at March 2016 of the SARAF-LINAC Project.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOY053
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MOPOY057	The Linear IFMIF Prototype Accelerator (LIPAC) Design Development under the European-Japanese Collaboration	rfq, SRF, vacuum, cryomodule	985
	P. Cara, R. Heidinger Fusion for Energy, Garching, Germany N. Bazin, S. Chel, R. Gobin, J. Marroncle, B. Renard CEA/DSM/IRFU, France B. Brañas Lasala, D. Jiménez-Rey, J. Mollá, P. Méndez, I. Podadera CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain A. Facco, E. Fagotti, A. Pisent INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy A. Kasugai, S. Keishi, S. O'hira JAEA, Aomori, Japan J. Knaster, A. Marqueta, Y. Okumura IFMIF/EVEDA, Rokkasho, Japan K. Sakamoto QST, Aomori, Japan
	The IFMIF aims to provide an accelerator-based, D-Li neutron source to produce high energy neutrons at sufficient intensity. Part of the BA agreement (Japan-EURATOM), the goal of the IFMIF/EVEDA project is to work on the engineering design of IFMIF and to validate the main technological challenges which includes a 125mA CW D⁺ accelerator up to 9 MeV mainly designed and manufactured in Europe. The components are in an advanced stage of manufacturing. The first components which allow the production of a 140 mA-100 keV deuteron beam have been delivered, installed and under commissioning at Rokkasho. The second phase (100 keV to 5 MeV) will end by March 2017. The third phase (short pulse) and forth phase (cw) will be the integrated commissioning of the LIPAc up to 9 MeV. The duration of the project has been recently extended up to end 2019 to allow the commissioning and operation of the whole accelerator (1MW). The aim of this paper is to give an overview of the LIPAc, currently under commissioning in Japan, to outline the engineering design and the development of the key components, as well as the expected outcomes of the engineering work, associated with the experimental program.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOY057
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MOPOY059	LHC Injectors Upgrade (LIU) Project at CERN	ion, injection, proton, brightness	992
	E.N. Shaposhnikova, J. Coupard, H. Damerau, A. Funken, S.S. Gilardoni, B. Goddard, K. Hanke, L. Kobzeva, A.M. Lombardi, D. Manglunki, S. Mataguez, M. Meddahi, B. Mikulec, G. Rumolo, R. Scrivens, M. Vretenar CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	A massive improvement program of the LHC injector chain is presently being conducted under the LIU project. For the proton chain, this includes the replacement of Linac2 with Linac4 as well as all necessary upgrades to the Proton Synchrotron Booster (PSB), the Proton Synchrotron (PS) and Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS), aimed at producing beams with the challenging High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) parameters. Regarding the heavy ions, plans to improve the performance of Linac3 and the Low Energy Ion Ring (LEIR) are also pursued under the general LIU program. The full LHC injection chain returned to operation after Long Shutdown 1, with extended beam studies taking place in Run 2. A general project Cost and Schedule Review also took place in March 2015, and several dedicated LIU project reviews were held to address issues awaiting pending decisions. In view of these developments, 2014 and 2015 have been key years to define a number of important aspects of the final LIU path. This paper will describe the reviewed LIU roadmap and revised performance objectives of the main upgrades, including the work status and outlook in terms of the required installation and commissioning stages.
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TUXA01	Status and Future Upgrade of J-PARC Accelerators	operation, injection, extraction, hadron	999
	M. Kinsho JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan
	The linac energy reached to 400 MeV as a design value and also a beam current was upgraded to 50 mA by replacing a new ion source. At the 3 GeV synchrotron, a high power beam of 8.41x10¹³ protons per pulse was demonstrated, which was equivalent to 1 MW when the repetition would be 25 Hz. At the main ring, beam loss was reduced by suppression of transverse instabilities and so on. The beam power for both the neutrino experiment and hadron experimental facility is increasing to reduce beam loss. J-PARC accelerators each have their own upgrade plan to increase beam power. The progress and future plan of J-PARC accelerators are reported in this paper.
	Slides TUXA01 [11.427 MB]
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TUOAA01	Operation of LANSCE Linear Accelerator with Double Pulse Rate and Low Beam Losses	beam-losses, DTL, proton, operation	1004
	Y.K. Batygin, J.S. Kolski, R.C. McCrady, L. Rybarcyk LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
	Funding: Work supported by US DOE under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396 In 2014 LANSCE accelerator facility return to 120 Hz pulse rate operation after long period of operation at 60 Hz pulse rate. Increased capabilities require careful tuning of all components of linear accelerator. Transformation to double pulse rate resulted in re-evaluation of tuning procedures in order to meet new challenges in beam operation. The paper summarizes experimental activity on sustaining of high productivity of accelerator facility while keeping beam losses along accelerator at the low level.
	Slides TUOAA01 [14.886 MB]
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TUOAA02	Status and Performance of ORNL Spallation Neutron Source Accelerator Systems	rfq, operation, ion-source, ion	1007
	Y.W. Kang, A.V. Aleksandrov, D.E. Anderson, M.S. Champion, M.T. Crofford, J. Galambos, B. Han, S.-H. Kim, S.W. Lee, J. Moss, V.V. Peplov, C. Piller, M.A. Plum, R.T. Roseberry, J.P. Schubert, A.P. Shishlo, M.P. Stockli, C.M. Stone, R.F. Welton, M. Wezensky, D.C. Williams, A.P. Zhukov ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA L.A. Longcoy, M. Magda, M.E. Middendorf, W.S. Passmore, C.C. Peters, J. Price, R.B. Saethre, J. Saunders ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
	Funding: This work was supported by SNS through UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 for the U.S. DOE. The Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) accelerator sys-tems have been performing continuously and progressively since commissioning in 2006 to deliver the neutrons to beamlines. The 1.4 MW design beam power has been demonstrated during 24/7 operation while developments and investigations for system improvements are still ongoing to achieve the full design beam power and availability. Numerous difficulties that impeded reaching the full performance of the SNS accelerator systems have been identified and are being eliminated through repairs, upgrades, and developments. In this report, operational performance and developments of the accelerator systems are presented along with the efforts for future upgrades of the SNS.
	Slides TUOAA02 [5.410 MB]
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TUOAA03	Long Term Plans to Increase Fermilab's Proton Intensity to Meet the Needs of the Long Baseline Neutrino Program	proton, booster, experiment, injection	1010
	E. Prebys, P. Adamson, S.C. Childress, P. Derwent, S.D. Holmes, I. Kourbanis, V.A. Lebedev, W. Pellico, A. Romanenko, V.D. Shiltsev, E.G. Stern, A. Valishev, R.M. Zwaska Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	Funding: This work is supported by the US Department of Energy under contract No. De-AC02-07CH11359. The flagship of Fermilab's long term research program is the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE), located Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF) in Lead, South Dakota, which will study neutrino oscillations with a baseline of 1300 km. The neutrinos will be produced in the Long Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF), a proposed new beam line from Fermilab's Main Injector. The physics goals of the DUNE require a proton beam with a power of roughly 2.5 MW at 120 GeV, which is roughly five times the current maximum power. This poster outlines the staged plan to achieve the required power over the next 15 years.
	Slides TUOAA03 [4.129 MB]
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TUOBA02	ER@CEBAF - A High Energy, Multi-pass Energy Recovery Experiment at CEBAF	experiment, operation, optics, electron	1022
	F. Méot, I. Ben-Zvi, Y. Hao, P. Korysko, C. Liu, M.G. Minty, V. Ptitsyn, G. Robert-Demolaize, T. Roser, P. Thieberger, N. Tsoupas BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA M.E. Bevins, S.A. Bogacz, D. Douglas, C.J. Dubbe, T.J. Michalski, F.C. Pilat, Y. Roblin, T. Satogata, M. Spata, C. Tennant, M.G. Tiefenback JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy. A high-energy, multiple-pass energy recovery (ER) experiment proposal, using CEBAF, is in preparation by a JLab-BNL collaboration. The experiment will be proposed in support of the electron-ion collider project (EIC) R&D going on at BNL. This new experiment extends the 2003, 1-pass, 1 GeV CEBAF-ER demonstration into a range of energy and recirculation passes commensurate with BNL's anticipated linac-ring EIC parameters. The experiment will study ER and recirculating beam dynamics in the presence of synchrotron radiation, provide opportunity to develop and test multiple-beam diagnostic instrumentation, and can also probe BBU limitations. This paper gives an overview of the ER@CEBAF project, its context and preparations.
	Slides TUOBA02 [1.936 MB]
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TUOCA01	LCLS Bunch Compressor Configuration Study for Soft X-ray Operation	bunching, electron, laser, operation	1037
	S. Li, Y. Ding, Z. Huang, A. Marinelli, T.J. Maxwell, D.F. Ratner, F. Zhou SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA C. Behrens DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	The microbunching instability (MBI) is a well-known problem for high brightness electron beams and has been observed at accelerator facilities around the world. Free-electron lasers (FELs) are particularly susceptible to MBI, which can distort the longitudinal phase space and increase the beam's slice energy spread (SES). Past studies of MBI at the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) relied on optical transition radiation to infer the existence of microbunching. With the development of the x-band transverse deflecting cavity (XTCAV), we can for the first time directly image the longitudinal phase space at the end of the accelerator and complete a comprehensive study of MBI, revealing both detailed MBI behavior as well as insights into mitigation schemes [1]. The fine time resolution of the XTCAV also provides the first LCLS measurements of the final SES, a critical parameter for many advanced FEL schemes. Detailed MBI and SES measurements can aid in understanding MBI mechanisms, benchmarking simulation codes, and designing future high-brightness accelerators.
	Slides TUOCA01 [4.436 MB]
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TUOCA02	APEX Phase-II Commissioning Results at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory	gun, electron, cavity, space-charge	1041
	F. Sannibale, J.A. Doyle, J. Feng, D. Filippetto, G.L. Harris, M.J. Johnson, T.D. Kramasz, D. Leitner, C.E. Mitchell, J.R. Nasiatka, H.A. Padmore, H.J. Qian, H. Rasool, J.W. Staples, S.P. Virostek, R.P. Wells, M.S. Zolotorev LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA S.M. Gierman, R.K. Li, J.F. Schmerge, T. Vecchione, F. Zhou SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA C. Pagani, D. Sertore INFN/LASA, Segrate (MI), Italy
	Funding: Work supported by the Director of the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy under Contract no. DEAC02-05CH11231 Science needs in the last decade have been pushing the accelerator community to the development of high repetition rates (MHz/GHz-class) linac-based schemes capable of generating high brightness electron beams. Examples include X-ray FELs; ERLs for light source, electron cooling and IR to EUV FEL applications; inverse Compton scattering X-ray or gamma sources; and ultrafast electron diffraction and microscopy. The high repetition rate requirement has profound implications on the technology choice for most of the accelerator parts, and in particular for the electron gun. The successful performance of the GHz room-temperature RF photo-injectors running at rates <~ 100 Hz, cannot be scaled up to higher rates because of the excessive heat load that those regimes would impose on the gun cavity. In response to this gun need, we have developed at Berkeley the VHF-Gun, a lower-frequency room-temperature RF photo-gun capable of CW operation and optimized for the performance required by MHz-class X-ray FELs. The Advanced Photo-injector EXperiment (APEX) was funded and built for demonstrating the VHF gun performance, and the results of its last phase of commissioning are presented.
	Slides TUOCA02 [12.015 MB]
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TUOBB02	FACET-II Accelerator Research with Beams of Extreme Intensities	positron, electron, plasma, damping	1067
	V. Yakimenko, Y. Cai, C.I. Clarke, S.Z. Green, C. Hast, M.J. Hogan, N. Lipkowitz, N. Phinney, G.R. White, G. Yocky SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
	In 2016, the second phase of SLAC's x-ray laser, the LCLS-II, will begin to use part of the tunnel occupied by FACET, and the world's only multi-GeV facility for advanced accelerator research will cease operation. FACET-II is a new test facility to provide DOE with the unique capability to develop advanced acceleration and coherent radiation techniques with high-energy electron and positron beams. FACET-II is an opportunity to build on the decades-long experience developed conducting advanced accelerator R&D at the FFTB and FACET and re-deploy HEP infrastructure in continued service of its mission. FACET-II provides a major upgrade over current FACET capabilities and the breadth of the potential research program makes it truly unique. It will synergistically pursue accelerator science that is vital to the future of both advanced acceleration techniques for High Energy Physics, ultra-high brightness beams for Basic Energy Science, and novel radiation sources for a wide variety of applications. The presentation will discuss FACET-II project status and plans for diverse experimental program.
	Slides TUOBB02 [17.664 MB]
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TUPMB005	Design and Fabrication of the Compact-Erl Magnets	simulation, quadrupole, sextupole, electron	1111
	A. Ueda, K. Endo, K. Harada, T. Kume, T. Miyajima, S. Nagahashi, N. Nakamura, M. Shimada KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
	The compact Energy Recovery Linac (cERL) was con-structed and operated at KEK. For the cERL we designed and fabricated the eight main bending magnets, fifty seven quadrupole magnets, four sextupole magnets and sixteen small bending magnets [1]. These magnets are used at 3 MeV (for low energy part) and 20 MeV (high energy part) beam energy now, but we designed them to be used maximum 10 MeV and 125 MeV beam energy for future upgrade of the cERL. The magnetic field analysis was done by 2D and 3D simulation code (OPERA) to design magnet shape. The main bending magnets and quadrupole magnets are made of electromagnetic steel sheet and the other magnets are made of electromagnetic soft iron. In this paper, we show the detail of the design-ing and fabricating work of those magnets.
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TUPMB008	Beam-Based Alignment for the Transport Line of CSNS	alignment, controls, DTL, experiment	1121
	Y. Li, Y.W. An, Z.P. Li, W.B. Liu, S. Wang IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	Beam-based alignment (BBA) techniques are important tools for beam orbit steering in linear accelerators or transfer lines. In this paper this technique and the control system application programs developed based on XAL platform were applied to the beam commissioning for Medium Energy Beam Transport (MEBT) of CSNS to get the transverse misalignments of beam position monitor (BPM) and quad. The results shows that the absolute values of BPMs offsets are less than 0.6 mm and quads offsets are less than 0.05 mm，that is much smaller than the tolerance of the misalignment.
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TUPMB016	Continuous-Wave Electron Linear Accelerators for Industrial Applications	electron, klystron, resonance, accelerating-gradient	1142
	D.S. Yurov, A.S. Alimov, B.S. Ishkanov, V.I. Shvedunov MSU, Moscow, Russia
	Based on SINP MSU experience in developing continuous wave (CW) normal conducting (NC) electron linacs, we propose an optimal design for such accelerators with beam energy of up to 10 MeV and average beam power of up to several hundred kW. As an example of such design, we discuss the 1 MeV industrial CW linac with maximum beam power of 25 kW, which was recently commissioned at SINP MSU.
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TUPMR044	Beam Test of the New Beamline for Radio-Isotope Production at KOMAC	target, vacuum, isotope-production, proton	1349
	H.S. Kim KAERI, Daejon, Republic of Korea Y.-S. Cho, H.-J. Kwon, S.P. Yun Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
	Funding: This work has been supported through KOMAC (Korea Multi-purpose Accelerator Complex) operation fund of KAERI by MSIP (Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning). A high power proton linac is under operation at Korea multi-purpose accelerator complex (KOMAC). Currently, two beamlines are available and used to provide 20-MeV beam and 100-MeV beam to users from various fields. An additional 100-MeV beamline has been constructed mainly for production of radio-isotopes such as Sr-82 and Cu-67. Proton beam with the beam energy of 100 MeV and the average current of 0.6 mA is directed to the production target, which is located in a water-filled target chamber, through a beam window made of AlBeMet. The beam size at the target is designed to be about 100 mm in diameter. Installation of the beamline components including 1.5 T bending magnet and the beam diagnostic devices such as BPM and BCM is finished and beam commissioning is planned to start in early 2016. The details of newly-constructed beamline and the initial beam test results will be given in this paper.
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TUPMR057	High Current Proton and Carbon Beam Operation via Stripping of a Molecular Beam at GSI UNILAC	proton, ion, operation, ion-source	1390
	M. Heilmann, A. Adonin, W.A. Barth, Ch.E. Düllmann, R. Hollinger, E. Jäger, P. Scharrer, W. Vinzenz, H. Vormann GSI, Darmstadt, Germany W.A. Barth, Ch.E. Düllmann, P. Scharrer HIM, Mainz, Germany Ch.E. Düllmann Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Institut of Nuclear Chemistry, Mainz, Germany P. Scharrer Mainz University, Mainz, Germany
	The experimental program of the future facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) project requires a high number of cooled anti-protons per hour. The FAIR proton injector linac has to deliver a 70 MeV, 35 mA pulsed proton beam at a repetition rate of 4 Hz. During recent machine investigations at the GSI a high current proton beam was achieved in the Universal Lineral Accelerator (UNILAC). In preparation for this the ion source was equipped with a newly developed 7-hole extraction system and optimized for single charged hydrocarbon beam (isobutane gas) operation. This beam was accelerated to 1.4 MeV/u and cracked in a new pulsed gas stripper into protons and charged carbon. The new stripper setup injects high density gas pulses synchronous with the transit of the beam pulse close to the beam trajectory. With this setup a proton (up to 4.3 mA) as well a carbon beam (up to 9.5 mA) intensity record at beam energy of 1.4 MeV was achieved. The proton beam was accelerated up to 3.6 MeV/u inside the first Alvarez-section with full transmission. The paper will present beam measurement in comparison to the former beam investigations using a 2 mA proton beam in the entire UNILAC.
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TUPMY002	APF IH-DTL Design for the Muon LINAC in the J-PARC Muon g-2/EDM Experiment	cavity, emittance, DTL, acceleration	1539
	M. Otani, T. Mibe, M. Yoshida KEK, Tsukuba, Japan K. Hasegawa, Y. Kondo JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan N. Hayashizaki RLNR, Tokyo, Japan Y. Iwashita Kyoto ICR, Uji, Kyoto, Japan Y. Iwata NIRS, Chiba-shi, Japan R. Kitamura University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan N. Saito J-PARC, KEK & JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan
	The muon linac for the J-PARC muon g-2/EDM experiment consists of RFQ (324 MHz), IH-DTL (324 MHz), DAW coupled cell linac (1.3 GHz), and disk loaded structure (1.3 GHz). Because muon has finite life time, the muons should be accelerated in a sufficiently short period. To realize fast acceleration, Alternative Phase Focusing (APF) scheme is adopted in IH-DTL in which the muons are accelerated from 0.34 MeV to about 4 MeV. In this poster, the design of the APF IH-DTL for muon acceleraiton with the computer calculation will be presented.
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TUPMY003	Development of Muon LINAC for the Muon g-2/EDM Experiment at J-PARC	rfq, acceleration, cavity, background	1543
	M. Otani, T. Mibe, F. Naito, N. Saito, M. Yoshida KEK, Tsukuba, Japan K. Hasegawa, T. Ito, Y. Kondo JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan N. Hayashizaki RLNR, Tokyo, Japan Y. Iwashita Kyoto ICR, Uji, Kyoto, Japan Y. Iwata NIRS, Chiba-shi, Japan R. Kitamura University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
	Precision measurements of the muon's anomalous magnetic moment (g-2) and electric dipole moment (EDM) are effective ways to cast light on beyond the standard model of elementary particle physics. The J-PARC E34 experiment aims to measure g-2 with a precision of 0.1 ppm and search for EDM with a sensitivity to 10-{-21} e· cm with high intensity proton beam at J-PARC and a novel technique of making a muon beam with small emittance (the ultra-cold muon beam). The ultra-cold muon beam is generated from a surface muon beam by the thermal muonium (30 meV) production followed by the laser ionization, and acceleration to 212 MeV or 300 MeV/c by the muon dedicated LINAC. The muon LINAC consists of RFQ, inter-digital IH, Disk And Washer (DAW) coupled cell and disk loaded structure. The ultra-cold muons will have an extremely small transverse momentum spread of less than 1 % with a normalized transverse emittance of around 1.5 pi mm-mrad. The muon acceleration to 300 MeV/c will be the first case in the world and it will be one of the base technologies of future accelerator programs. In this talk, design and status of the muon LINAC will be reported.
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TUPMY005	A Muon Source Proton Driver at JPARC-based Parameters	proton, injection, booster, operation	1550
	D.V. Neuffer Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	Funding: Fermilab is operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. De-AC02-07CH11359 with the U. S. Department of Energy. An "ultimate" high intensity proton source for neutrino factories and/or muon colliders was projected to be a ~4 MW multi-GeV proton source providing short, intense proton pulses at ~15 Hz. The JPARC ~1 MW accelerators provide beam at parameters that in many respects overlap these goals. Proton pulses from the JPARC Main Ring can readily meet the pulsed intensity goals. We explore these parameters, describing the overlap and consider extensions that may take a JPARC-like facility toward this "ultimate" source. JPARC itself could serve as a stage 1 source for such a facility.
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TUPMY014	Muon Acceleration Concepts for Future Neutrino Factory	acceleration, SRF, focusing, cryomodule	1574
	S.A. Bogacz JLab, Newport News, Virgina, USA
	Funding: Work supported by the Muon Accelerator Program Here, we summarize current state of concept for muon acceleration aimed at future Neutrino Factory. The main thrust of these studies was to reduce the overall cost while maintaining performance through exploring interplay between complexity of the cooling systems and the acceptance of the accelerator complex. To ensure adequate survival of the short-lived muons, acceleration must occur at high average gradient. The need for large transverse and longitudinal acceptances drives the design of the acceleration system to initially low RF frequency, e.g. 325 MHz, and then increased to 650 MHz, as the transverse size shrinks with increasing energy. High-gradient normal conducting RF cavities at these frequencies require extremely high peak-power RF sources. Hence superconducting RF (SRF) cavities are chosen. Here, we considered two cost effective schemes for accelerating muon beams for a stagable Neutrino Factory: Exploration of the so-called 'dual-use' linac concept, where the same linac structure is used for acceleration of both H⁻ and muons and alternatively, the SRF efficient design based on multi-pass (4.5) 'dogbone' RLA, extendable to multi-pass FFAG-like arcs.
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TUPMY041	Delivery Status of the ELI-NP Gamma Beam System	gun, solenoid, laser, vacuum	1635
	S. Tomassini, D. Alesini, A. Battisti, R. Boni, F. Cioeta, A. Delle Piane, E. Di Pasquale, G. Di Pirro, A. Falone, A. Gallo, S.I. Incremona, V.L. Lollo, A. Mostacci, S. Pioli, R. Ricci, U. Rotundo, A. Stella, C. Vaccarezza, A. Vannozzi, A. Variola INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy A. Bacci, D.T. Palmer, L. Serafini Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Milano, Italy N. Bliss STFC/DL, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom F. Cardelli INFN-Roma1, Rome, Italy K. Cassou, Z.F. Zomer LAL, Orsay, France G. D'Auria Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy A. Giribono, V. Pettinacci INFN-Roma, Roma, Italy C. Hill STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom L. Palumbo Rome University La Sapienza, Roma, Italy L. Piersanti University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy

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MOXBA01

Beam Commissioning of PAL-XFEL

gun, undulator, laser, cathode

6

J.H. Han
PAL, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea

The Pohang Accelerator Laboratory X-ray Free electron Laser (PAL-XFEL) project aims at the generation of X-ray FEL radiation for photon users. The machine consists of a 10 GeV normal-conducting S-band linear accelerator (linac) and two undulator beamlines initially. The hard X-ray beamline will provide FEL radiation between 0.6 and 0.1 nm or shorter. The soft X-ray line will provide FEL radiation between 4.5 and 1 nm. The linac and hard X-ray beamline construction was complete by the end of 2015. The installation of the soft X-ray line is ongoing. High power RF conditioning of the linac started in late autumn 2015. Beam commissioning of the linac started in April 2016. We report the beam commissioning status.

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MOOCA02

RFQ Developments at CEA-IRFU

rfq, proton, cavity, status

42

O. Piquet
CEA/DSM/IRFU, France

Vane RFQs are particularly well suited to high intensity proton acceleration, since they offer minimal RF power losses and best accelerating field accuracy. Cea-Irfu is involved in several developments of 4 vane RFQs namely IPHI, Spiral2, Linac4 and ESS. This paper gives an overview of the design flow and tools developed at Irfu in order to design, tune, condition and commission RFQs. SPIRAL2 RFQ will be mainly used to illustrate this design flow. This CW RFQ requires 180 kW to achieve the nominal accelerating voltage. It can accelerate a 5 mA proton or deuteron beam (A/Q=1 and 2) or a 1 mA ion beam with up to A/Q=3 at 0.75 MeV/A. Conditioning and commissioning of this RFQ are actually in progress.

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MOZB01

Construction and Beam Commissioning of CSNS Accelerators

DTL, dipole, quadrupole, rfq

47

S. Wang, S. Fu, J. Zhang
IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China

CSNS (China Spallation Neutron Source) is a proton accelerator based facility for delivering spallation neu-trons to users. The main components are 80-MeV linac, 1.6-GeV RCS and neutron production target. The con-struction began in 2011, and now construction of the building and accelerator components is well in progress. Most of the components have been tested and installed into the tunnel. The ion source and RFQ have been suc-cessfully commissioned. The first DTL tank has success-fully completed the beam commissioning, and the beam commissioning for the other three DTL tank will be per-formed before the end of 2016. The RCS commissioning will start in the beginning of 2017. This presentation provides a complete overview of the status of construc-tion and beam commissioning.

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MOZB02

Challenges of the High Current Prototype Accelerator of IFMIF/EVEDA

rfq, operation, neutron, ion

52

J. Knaster, Y. Okumura
IFMIF/EVEDA, Rokkasho, Japan
P. Cara
Fusion for Energy, Garching, Germany
A. Kasughai
Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), International Fusion Energy Research Center (IFERC), Rokkasho, Kamikita, Aomori, Japan
M. Sugimoto
QST/Takasaki, Takasaki, Japan

LIPAc, under installation in Rokkasho will produce a 125 mA CW deuteron beam at 9 MeV. The objective of IFMIF is to generate a neutron flux of 10¹⁸ m-2s⁻¹ at 14 MeV for fusion materials testing using 2 x 125 mA CW D⁺ beams at 40 MeV impacting on a liquid lithium jet of 15 m/s. An ECR deuteron injector at 140 mA and 100 keV will be the source for a 9.7m long 4-vane RFQ, which will be complemented by a 175 MHz SRF linac composed of 8 HWRs for producing 9 MeV D⁺ beam. For a beam transmission >90%, beam simulations demand a D⁺ beam emittance below <0.3π mm·mrad. The first attempt on such high current accelerator was in the US in the early 80s under FMIT project with a H²⁺ 100 mA CW 2 MeV beam. LEDA successfully conducted 100 mA CW H⁺ at 6.7 MeV at the RFQ output energy in the late 90s, but using superconducting HWRs accelerating cavities at 125 mA CW with low-β H⁺/D⁺ beam has never been attempted. Beam halo will be monitored with 3 cryogenic μ-loss monitors azimuthally placed in each of the 8 superconducting solenoids interleaved with the HWR structures. A novel approach based on a beam core-halo dual matching has been developed to handle the MW range beam average power.

Slides MOZB02 [18.358 MB]

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MOPMB002

First Measurements of Coherent Smith-Purcell Radiation in the SOLEIL Linac

detector, radiation, experiment, operation

69

N. Delerue, J. Barros, S. Jenzer, V. Khodnevych, M.S. Malovytsia
LAL, Orsay, France
N. Hubert, M. Labat
SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
V. Khodnevych
National Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, The Faculty of Physics, Kyiv, Ukraine
M.S. Malovytsia
KhNU, Kharkov, Ukraine

Funding: The authors are grateful for the funding received from the French ANR (contract ANR-12-JS05-0003-01).
An experiment to measure the Coherent Smith-Purcell radiation has been installed in the SOLEIL Linac. Its aim is to produce a map of Smith-Purcell radiation emissions in several planes and compare it with theoretical predictions. Coherent Smith Purcell radiation is produced when a grating is brought close from a sufficiently short charged particles beam. The experiment consist of two detectors with 5 degrees of freedom. These two detectors can be moved around the emission point to measure the intensity of the radiation at different locations. Radiation maps are recorded parasitically by moving the detectors around during normal linac operations.

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MOPMB012

A High-Energy-Scrapersystem for the S-DALINAC Extraction - Design and Installation

electron, extraction, vacuum, dipole

101

L.E. Jürgensen, T. Bahlo, C. Burandt, T. Kürzeder, N. Pietralla, S. Weih, J. Wissmann
TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
F. Hug
IKP, Mainz, Germany

Funding: *Funded by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft under grant No. SFB 634
The superconducting Darmstadt linear electron accelerator (S-DALINAC) of the Institute for Nuclear Physics at Technische Universität Darmstadt delivers electron beams in cw-mode with energies up to 130 MeV. The accelerator consists of a 10-MeV injector and a 30-MeV main linac where superconducting 3-GHz microwave cavities are operated at a temperature of 2 K for beam acceleration. With three recirculation beamlines the main linac can be used up to four times. To improve the energy spread and the energy stability of the beam a new scrapersystem has been developed and installed. It changes the extraction beam line into a dispersion-conserving chicane consisting of four dipole magnets and three scrapers. The system includes scraping of x- and y-halo in two positions as well as improving and stabilizing energy spread on a dispersive part. We will present the design of the system and report on its installation into the accelerator complex.

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MOPMB015

Technical Design Considerations About the SINBAD-ARES Linac

laser, gun, electron, acceleration

112

B. Marchetti, R.W. Aßmann, U. Dorda, K. Flöttmann, M. Hachmann, I. Hartl, J. Herrmann, M. Hüning, G. Kube, F. Ludwig, F. Mayet, M. Pelzer, I. Peperkorn, S. Pfeiffer, H. Schlarb, M. Titberidze, G. Vashchenko, M.K. Weikum, L. Winkelmann, K. Wittenburg, J. Zhu
DESY, Hamburg, Germany
R. Rossmanith
KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany

The SINBAD facility (Short and INnovative Bunches and Accelerators at Desy) is foreseen to host various experiments in the field of production of ultra-short electron bunches and novel high gradient acceleration technique. The SINBAD linac, also called ARES (Accelerator Research experiment at SINBAD), will be a conventional S-band linear RF accelerator allowing the production of low charge (0.5 pC - few pC) ultra-short electron bunches (FWHM, length <= 1 fs - few fs) having 100 MeV energy. In this paper we present the current status of the technical design considerations, motivate the foreseen diagnostics for the RF gun commissioning and present examples of foreseen applications.

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MOPMB017

Design Issues for the Optical Transition Radiation Screens for theELI-NP Compton Gamma Source

radiation, electron, simulation, laser

118

M. Marongiu, A. Giribono, A. Mostacci, V. Pettinacci
INFN-Roma, Roma, Italy
D. Alesini, E. Chiadroni, F. Cioeta, G. Di Pirro, V.L. Lollo, L. Pellegrino, V. Shpakov, A. Stella, C. Vaccarezza, A. Variola
INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy
A. Cianchi
INFN-Roma II, Roma, Italy
L. Palumbo
University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy

A high brightness electron LINAC is being built in the Compton Gamma Source at the ELI Nuclear Physics facility in Romania. To achieve the design luminosity, a train of 32, 16 ns spaced, bunches with a nominal charge of 250 pC will collide with the laser beam in the interaction point. Electron beam spot size is measured with optical transition radiation profile monitors. In order to measure the beam properties along the train, the screens must sustain the thermal stress due to the energy deposited by the bunches; moreover the optical radiation detecting system must have the necessary accuracy and resolution. This paper deals with the analytical studies as well as numerical simulations to investigate the thermal behaviour of the screens impinged by the nominal bunch; the design and the performance of the optical detection line is discussed as well.

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MOPMB018

Metrological Characterization of the Bunch Length Measurement by Means of a RF Deflector at the ELI-NP Compton Gamma source

electron, simulation, laser, brightness

122

L. Sabato
U. Sannio, Benevento, Italy
D. Alesini, C. Vaccarezza, A. Variola
INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy
P. Arpaia
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
P. Arpaia, A. Liccardo
Naples University Federico II, Science and Technology Pole, Napoli, Italy
A. Giribono
University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
A. Mostacci, L. Palumbo
Rome University La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
L. Sabato
INFN-Napoli, Napoli, Italy

Bunch length measurement in linac can be carried out using a RF deflector, which provides a transverse kick to the beam. The transverse beam size on a screen, placed after the RF deflector, represents the bunch length. In this paper, the metrological characterization of the bunch length measurement technique is proposed. The uncertainty and the systematic errors are estimated by means of a sensitivity analysis to the measurement parameters. The proposed approach has been validated through simulation by means of ELEGANT code on the parameters interesting for the electron linac of the Compton source at the Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP).

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MOPMB019

Quadrupole Scan Emittance Measurements for the ELI-NP Compton Gamma Source

emittance, electron, quadrupole, laser

126

A.R. Rossi, A. Bacci, L. Serafini
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Milano, Italy
E. Chiadroni, C. Vaccarezza, A. Variola
INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy
A. Cianchi
Università di Roma II Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
C. Curatolo, I. Drebot
Universita' degli Studi di Milano e INFN, Milano, Italy
A. Giribono, A. Mostacci
University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
V. Petrillo, M. Rossetti Conti
Universita' degli Studi di Milano & INFN, Milano, Italy

The high brightness electron LINAC of the Compton Gamma Source at the ELI Nuclear Physics facility in Romania is accelerating a train of 32 bunches with a nominal charge of 250 pC and nominal spacing of 16 ns. To achieve the design gamma flux, all the bunches along the train must have the designed Twiss parameters. Beam sizes are measured with optical transition radiation monitors, allowing a quadrupole scan for Twiss parameters measurements. Since focusing the whole bunch train on the screen may lead to permanent screen damage, we investigated non-conventional scans such as scans around a maximum of the beam size or scans with a controlled minimum spot size. This paper discusses the implementation issues of such a technique in the actual machine layout.

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MOPMB027

Beam Parameter Measurement After Relocation of S-Band Linear Accelerator

electron, gun, simulation, laser

146

I. Nozawa, M. Gohdo, K. Kan, T. Kondoh, J. Yang, Y. Yoshida
ISIR, Osaka, Japan

Ultrashort electron bunches have been applied in many scientific fields including accelerator physics and radiation chemistry. Pulse radiolysis is application in radiation chemistry, which is a pump-probe measurement using an electron bunch and a laser pulse. Our laboratory aims to generate the electron bunches with durations of less-than femtoseconds using an S-band linear accelerator (linac) at Osaka University in order to improve the time resolution of the pulse radiolysis system. Recently, the linac system was relocated for expanding application using ultrashort electron bunches. The parameters of generated electron bunches including the bunch lengths will be reported.

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MOPMB032

A New Fault Recovery Mechanism for Superconducting Cavity Failure in C-ADS

FPGA, cavity, hardware, space-charge

158

Z. Xue, J.P. Dai, C. Meng
IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China

For proton linear accelerators used in applications such as C-ADS, due to the nature of the operation, it is essential to have beam failures at the rate several orders of magnitude lower than usual performance of similar accelerators. A fault-tolerant mechanism should be mandatorily imposed in order to maintain short recovery time, high uptime and extremely low frequency of beam loss. This paper proposes an innovative and challenging way for compensation and rematch of cavity failure using fast electronic devices and Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) instead of embedded computers to complete the computation of beam dynamics. Due to the high arithmetic-computing-speed, good portability and repeatability, it is possible to realize calculation and re-adjustment online. In order to achieve the goal of instantaneous compensation and rematch, an advanced hardware design methodology including high-level synthesis and an improved genetic algorithm will be used.

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MOPMB033

The Influence of Strip-line BPMs' Measuring Results Made by Edge of the Ultra-relativistic Electron Beam

simulation, electron, wakefield, positron

161

S.Z. Wang, N. Gan, X. Huang
IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China

This paper describes the impact on the measuring results of the stripline beam position monitor (BPM) produced by the edge of the ultra-relativistic electron beam when we take the transverse size of the beam into account. Simulations have been made by using the Wakefield Solver of CST Particle Studio. And the result of this influence at different ratio of beam horizontal width σ and the BPM inner diameter a has been obtained. This kind of influence has been observed in the stripline BPMs in the transfer line of Beijing Positron Electron Colliders upgraded version II (BEPCII). The research is useful when we design the inner diameter of the stripline BPMs for ultra-relativistic electron beam, meanwhile it provides reference to distinguish the invalid ones from the measuring results obtained by the stripline BPMs in the ultra-relativistic situation.

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MOPMB046

Design and Calculation Error Analysis of a High Order Mode Cavity Bunch Length Monitor

cavity, positron, simulation, electron

196

J.G. Guo, Q. Luo, Z.R. Zhou
USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China

Funding: National Science Foundation of China (11375178) and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (WK2310000046).
A two-cavity bunch length monitor for linac of positron source is designed. Fifth harmonic cavity resonates at 14.28 GHz (fifth harmonic of the linac fundamental frequency 2.856 GHz) with mode TM020, as this mode could provide larger cavity radius. Each cavity equipped with a filter to suppress unwanted signal. An improved bunch length calculation method was proposed. A simulation was conducted in CST Particle Studio for beam current from 100-300 mA, bunch length from 5-10 ps. Bunch length was calculated and compared by these two methods

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MOPMB056

Measurements of the Beam Energy and Beam Profile of 100 MeV Proton Linac at KOMAC

proton, DTL, acceleration, ion

217

S.G. Lee, Y.-S. Cho, H.S. Kim, H.-J. Kwon
Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea

Funding: This work has been supported through KOMAC operation fund of KAERI by Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning.
The linac for generation of the 100 MeV proton beam is operating in KOMAC. The 100 MeV proton beam is used in the industrial and the scientific fields such as improvement of the material characteristics and production of the isotope. The accurate measurements of the proton beam energy and profile are necessary for increasing the efficiency of the application and minimizing the inadequate radioactivation in linac structure caused by the beam loss. The proton beam energy and beam profile are measured by using the TOF (time-of-flight) method with a BPM (beam position monitor) and the ion chamber array, respectively. The detailed measurement setup and the measured results will be given in this paper.

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MOPMR003

Electron Bunch Length Measurement Using Coherent Radiation Source of fs-THz accelerator at Pohang Accelerator Laboratory

radiation, electron, experiment, target

235

J.H. Ko, I.S. Ko
POSTECH, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea
S.H. Jung, H.-S. Kang, I.S. Ko, J. Park
PAL, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea

A Michelson interferometer was installed at the femtosecond (fs) terahertz (THz) Accelerator of Pohang Accelerator Laboratory(PAL) to measure a subpicosecond order electron bunch length. To measure an ultra-short electron bunch length, we use reconstruction process and fast fourier transform. Currently, we are generating THz radiation with the pulse energy of 7μJ by means of coherent transition radiation (CTR) from a 65-MeV electron beam of the fs-THz accelerator. In this paper, we show the how to make a longitudinal distribution of electron bunch and the radiation intensity difference between CTR and Coherent edge radiation (CER) for nondestructive electron bunch length measurement. And we report the measurement methods to get the fine electron bunch length information.

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MOPMR017

Design and Simulations of the Cavity BPM Readout Electronics for the ELI-NP Gamma Beam System

cavity, electron, electronics, simulation

264

M. Cargnelutti, B.B. Baricevic
I-Tech, Solkan, Slovenia
A. Mostacci
University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
S. Pioli, M. Serio, A. Stella, A. Variola
INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy

The Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP) facility will provide a high intensity laser and a very intense gamma beam which will be used in a broad range of experiments. The gamma beam is obtained through incoherent Compton back-scattering of a laser light off a high brightness electron beam provided by a 700MeV warm LINAC. Electrons are accelerated in trains with up to 32 bunches, each one separated by 16ns. In the laser-electron interaction region, every bunch needs to be monitored with a resolution below 1μm RMS. To achieve this performance, a low-Q cavity beam position monitor will be used in combination with a dedicated data acquisition system able to perform bunch-by-bunch beam position measurements with sub-μm resolution. Using fast A/D converters and specific digital filtering, the readout system proposes an alternative measurement concept. The requirements of the system, its design and the results from the simulations will be presented.

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MOPMR020

Beam Diagnostics for ESS Commissioning and Early Operation

diagnostics, target, DTL, optics

273

A. Jansson, M. Eshraqi, S. Molloy
ESS, Lund, Sweden

The ESS linac design has evolved over time and is now quite stable. Recently, there has been a focused effort on developing more detailed installation and commissioning plan, and related to this, the plans for diagnostics has also been reviewed. This paper presents the updated diagnos-tics suite. Many of diagnostics systems will be developed by in-kind partners across Europe.

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MOPMR022

Beam-based Alignment of CLIC Accelerating Structures Utilizing Their Octupole Component

octupole, emittance, collider, linear-collider

280

J. Ögren, V.G. Ziemann
Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

Alignment of the accelerating structures is essential for emittance preservation in long linear accelerators such as the Compact Linear Collider (CLIC). The prototype structures for CLIC have four radial waveguides connected to each cell for damping wakefields and this four-fold symmetry is responsible for an octupole component of the radio-frequency fields, phase-shifted 90 degrees with respect to the accelerating mode. The octupole field causes a nonlinear dependence of the transverse beam deflection with respect to the position within the accelerating structure. By transversely moving the beam with two upstream steering magnets, and observing the deflection with beam position monitors or screens, the electromagnetic center of the structure can be found. We discuss the applicability of this method for aligning the beam in the accelerating structures.

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MOPMR026

Beam Instrumentation Performance during Commissioning of CERN's Linac-4 to 50 MeV and 100 MeV

emittance, laser, DTL, detector

293

U. Raich, T. Hofmann, F. Roncarolo
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Linac-4, a 140 MeV H-linear accelerator is designed to replace the aging 50 MeV proton Linac. It will consist of an H-source and 45 keV LEBT, an RFQ and 3 MeV MEBT with a chopper, 3 drift tube linac (DTL) tanks accelerating the beam to 12, 30 and 50 Mev, cavity coupled structures (CCDTL) accelerating it to 100 MeV and a pi mode structure bringing it to its design energy of 160 MeV. This paper reports on the commissioning of the DTL and CCDTL with 2 dedicated temporary measurement lines, the first one adapted to the 12 MeV beam while the second one is dedicated to characterize the 50 MeV and the 100 MeV beams. The beam diagnostic devices used in these lines is described as well as results obtained.

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MOPMW001

A New Buncher for the ESRF Linac Injector

electron, beam-loading, cavity, gun

389

A.S. Setty, A.S. Chauchat, D. Jousse
Thales Communications & Security (TCS), Gennevilliers Cedex, France
H. Delamare, J. Jacob, B. Ogier, T.P. Perron, E. Rabeuf, C. Richard, V. Serrière, R. Versteegen
ESRF, Grenoble, France

The electron linac was designed to be able to deliver more than 2.5 A in less than 2 ns at 200 MeV within an energy spread of 1% for positrons production at ESRF *. The 200 MeV electron linac was commissioned in 1991. A new gun, a cleaner, a pre-buncher cavity and 4 shielded lenses were tested and installed on the injector in 2008 **. Then, a new Buncher for the ESRF electron linac injector was manufactured and commissioned in 2015. Meanwhile, some new settings were performed to reduce the energy spread for both cases: the long pulse mode and the short pulse mode. The simulations and measurements will be presented.
* D. Tronc et Al. "Electron injector for light source", Proc. EPAC88, Italy, Rome, June 1988.
** T. Perron et Al. "New preinjector for the ESRF booster", Proc. EPAC08, Italy, Genoa, June 2008.

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MOPMW005

Design of Linac with the New Gaskets Clamping Fabrication Technique

vacuum, coupling, impedance, gun

403

F. Cardelli
INFN-Roma1, Rome, Italy
D. Alesini
INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy
M. Magi, L. Palumbo
University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
F. Pellegrino, V. Pettinacci
INFN-Roma, Roma, Italy

Recently, a new technique for the realization of high gradient accelerating structures based on the use of gaskets without brazing processes, has been successfully tested at high power on a 1.6 cells RF gun (D. Alesini, et al, PRST 18, 02001, 2015). The new technique developed at the Laboratories of Frascati of the INFN (Italy) in the framework of the SPARC_LAB project has been also adopted for the ELI-NP RF gun. The use of the special gaskets that simultaneously guarantee the vacuum seal and a perfect RF contact allow to avoid the brazing process, strongly reducing the cost, the realization time and the risk of failure. Moreover, without copper annealing due to the brazing process, it is possible, in principle, to decrease the breakdown rate increasing, at the same time, the maximum achievable gradient. The extension of this new fabrication process to complex LINAC structures is the next step on the application of this new technique on particle accelerator. In the paper, we discuss how to extend this process to S-band and C-band Travelling Wave accelerating structures illustrating their electromagnetic design and their mechanical realization.

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MOPMW006

The RF System of the ELI-NP Gamma Beam Source

LLRF, electron, klystron, network

407

L. Piersanti, F. Cardelli, L. Palumbo
INFN-Roma1, Rome, Italy
D. Alesini, M. Bellaveglia, R. Boni, A. Gallo, A. Variola
INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy
F. Cardelli, L. Palumbo, L. Piersanti
University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
G. D'Auria
Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy

ELI-NP is a linac based gamma-source under construction in Magurele (RO) by the European consortium EuroGammaS led by INFN. Photons with tunable energy (from 0.2 to 19.5 MeV) and with unprecedented intensity and brilliance will be produced by Compton back-scattering between a high quality electron beam (up to 740 MeV), and a 515 nm intense laser pulse. In order to increase the gamma photon flux, the accelerator will operate in multi-bunch at 100 Hz repetition rate, with 32 bunches separated by 16 ns. Three S-band (2856 MHz) RF power plants will feed two room temperature Travelling Wave (TW) structures, a 1.6 cell Standing Wave (SW) S-band gun (which has been manufactured by means of a new technique based on clamped gaskets without brazing) and two SW RF deflectors for longitudinal beam diagnostics. Ten C-band (5712 MHz) RF power plants will feed 12 TW high-order-modes (HOM) damped structures. In this paper, we review the whole ELI-NP RF architecture including the Low Level RF (LLRF) system.

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MOPMW007

On the Calibration Measurement of Stripline Beam Position Monitor for the ELI-NP Facility

simulation, vacuum, electromagnetic-fields, impedance

411

D. De Arcangelis, F. Cardelli, A. Mostacci, L. Palumbo
University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy

Stripline Beam Position Monitor (BPM) will be installed in the Compton Gamma Source in construction at the ELI Nuclear Physics facility in Romania. A test bench for the calibration of BPM has been built to characterize the device with stretched wire measurement in order to get the BPM response map. A full S-parameters characterisation is performed as well to measure the electrical offset with the "Lambertson method". This paper discusses the extensive simulations performed with full 3D electromagnetic CAD codes of the above measurements to investigate measurement accuracy, possible measurement artefacts and the beam position reconstruction.

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MOPMW009

RF System of the SPring-8 Upgrade Project

storage-ring, LLRF, klystron, synchrotron

414

H. Ego, T. Fujita, N. Hosoda, K. Kobayashi, T. Masuda, S. Matsubara, T. Sugimoto
JASRI/SPring-8, Hyogo-ken, Japan
T. Asaka, T. Fukui, T. Inagaki, C. Kondo, H. Maesaka, T. Ohshima, T. Sakurai
RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, Japan

The RF system of the SPring-8 storage ring has stably generated an accelerating voltage of 16 MV at a frequency of 508.58 MHz since 1997. In the upgrade of the SPring-8, a beam energy is lowered from 8 to 6 GeV and a needed voltage is 7 MV. The upgrade employs multi-bending optics, and shortens the straight sections available for RF accelerating cavities by 30%. On account of the space, the RF system is to be so rearranged that the number of cavities can be reduced to half. The analog low-level RF (LLRF) system in use controls the voltage with sufficiently small deviations of less than 0.1 % in amplitude and less than 0.1 degree in phase, but becomes out-of-dates and hard to be maintained. We plan to replace them with a compact digital LLRF system in the MTCA.4 standard and based on under-sampling scheme. The SACLA linac is used for injecting a low-emittance beam to the ring. Because we have to balance the FEL operation and the beam injection on demand, pulse-by-pulse control of beam parameters is going to be implemented to the SACLA LLRF modules. Furthermore, we build a timing system for injection to a target bucket-position in the ring within a time deviation of 3 ps.

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MOPMW010

Property Test of the Q-Factor for High Purity Copper at the Temperature of 20K

cavity, electron, radiation, cryogenics

417

A. Iino
Sokendai, Ibaraki, Japan
K. Endo
TOYAMA Co., Ltd., Zama-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
S. Yamaguchi
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

A coherent parametric x-ray radiation (PXR) source based on a cryogenic electron linac has been developed by Toyama Co., Ltd, KEK and Nihon University. This accelerator is a C-band normal-conducting compact linac that requires a high Q factor in the accelerating and de-celerating structures. To obtain a high Q factor, the ac-celerating and decelerating structures are operated around 20 K, and are joined by diffusion bonding and are constructed with high-purity 6N8 copper which has very low resistivity in extremely low temperatures. In this study, we report the measurements and calculation of the residual resistance ratio (RRR) for 6N8 copper and oxy-gen-free copper (Class 1) as well as the Q factor for a pillbox cavity made of 6N8 copper and Class 1. The results of a low-power test of this accelerating structure at low temperature are reported. The Q factor for a 6N8 copper pillbox cavity is not much higher than that of a Class 1 pillbox cavity at low temperatures Moreover, the Q factor is saturated when RRR is greater than 500.

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MOPMW014

Design of the 7MeV Linac Injector for the 200MeV Synchrotron of the Xi'an Proton Application Facility

rfq, ion, DTL, synchrotron

426

Q.Z. Xing, C. Cheng, C.T. Du, L. Du, T. Du, X. Guan, H. Jiang, C.-X. Tang, R. Tang, D. Wang, X.W. Wang, L. Wu, H.Y. Zhang, Q.Z. Zhang, S.X. Zheng
TUB, Beijing, People's Republic of China
W.Q. Guan, Y. He, J. Li
NUCTECH, Beijing, People's Republic of China
B.C. Wang, Z.M. Wang, W.L. Yang, Y. Yang, C. Zhao
State Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiation Simulation and Effect, Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Shannxi, People's Republic of China

We present, in this paper, the design result of the 7 MeV linac which will inject the negative hydrogen ion beam to the downsteam synchrotron of the Xi‘an Proton Application Facility (XiPAF). This newly designed facility will be located in Xi'an city and provide the proton beam with the maximum energy of 230 MeV for the research of the single event effect. The 7 MeV linac injector is composed of the 50 keV negative hydrogen ion source, Low Energy Beam Transport line (LEBT), 3 MeV four-vane-type Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) accelerator, 7 MeV Alvarez-type Drift Tube Linac (DTL), and the corresponding RF power source system. The output beam of the linac injector is designed with the peak current of 5 mA, maximum repetition frequency of 0.5 Hz, beam pulse width of 10~40 μs and RMS normalized emittance of 0.24 π mm·mard.

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MOPMW019

Resonant Frequency Control with RCCS for the KOMAC Proton Linac

controls, DTL, LLRF, proton

435

D.H. Seo, Y.-S. Cho, H.S. Kim, H.-J. Kwon, K.T. Seol, Y.G. Song
Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea

Funding: This work is supported by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning of the Korean Government.
The Resonance control cooling systems (RCCS) of 100 MeV proton linac at the Korea multi-purpose accelerator complex (KOMAC) have been operated for cooling the drift tubes (DT) and controlling the resonant frequency of the drift tube linac (DTL). The RCCS can maintain the cooling water temperature within ±0.1 °C by controlling 3-way valve opening. The RCCS has two types of control mode, the constant cooling water temperature control mode and the resonant frequency control mode. In the case of the resonant frequency control, the error frequency is measured in the low-level RF (LLRF) control system and the RCCS compensates the error frequency by controlling the cooling water temperature of DT with PID algorithm. In this paper, the operation results of the resonant frequency control with the RCCS as well as some modification of the LLRF system are presented.

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MOPMW043

Overview of High Power Vacuum Dry RF Load Designs

vacuum, klystron, accelerating-gradient, interface

504

A.K. Krasnykh, A. Brachmann, F.-J. Decker, T.J. Maxwell, J. Sheppard
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA

Funding: Work supported by US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-76SF00515
A specific feature of RF linacs based on the pulsed traveling wave (TW) mode of operation is that only a portion of the RF energy is used for the beam acceleration. The residual RF energy has to be terminated into an RF load. Higher accelerating gradients require higher RF sources and RF loads, which can stably terminate the residual RF power. This overview will outline vacuumed RF loads only. A common method to terminate multi-MW RF power is to use circulated water (or other liquid) as an absorbing medium. A solid dielectric interface (a high quality ceramic) is required to separate vacuum and liquid RF absorber mediums. Using such RF load approaches in TW linacs is troubling because there is a fragile ceramic window barrier and a failure could become catastrophic for linac vacuum and RF systems. Traditional loads comprising of a ceramic disk have limited peak and average power handling capability and are therefore not suitable for high gradient TW linacs. This overview will focus on 'vacuum dry' or 'all-metal' loads that do not employ any dielectric interface between vacuum and absorber. The first prototype is an original design of RF loads for the Stanford Two-Mile Accelerator.

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MOPOR017

First Year Performance of the TPS Booster Ring

booster, emittance, synchrotron, storage-ring

634

H.-J. Tsai, P.J. Chou, K.T. Hsu, K.H. Hu, C.-C. Kuo, C.Y. Liao, Y.-C. Liu, G.-H. Luo, F.H. Tseng
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan

The Taiwan Photon Source (TPS) is a 3-GeV low- emittance light source of circumference 518.4 m. The booster ring is in the same tunnel with the storage ring; its circumference at 496.8 m makes it the largest booster ring in operation in existing light sources. Since the successful commissioning at the end of 2014, the TPS booster ring has been optimized in performance for routine operation. In this paper, we present the system upgrade and the improvement of the ramping procedure to increase the capture and ramping efficiency of the beam charge, the characterization of the optics, etc.

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MOPOR025

3D Emittances Tailoring Techniques and Optimization with Space Charge for the Future CERN PS Booster Operations with Linac4

injection, emittance, coupling, simulation

660

V. Forte, J.L. Abelleira, E. Benedetto, C. Bracco, M. Cieslak-Kowalska, G.P. Di Giovanni
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

In the frame of the LIU (LHC Injectors Upgrade) project, the CERN PS Booster is going to be renovated to host a new H⁻ charge-exchange injection from the Linac4. One important feature of the new injection scheme is the possibility to tailor a wide range of 3D emittances for CERN's different users in an intensity span in the order of 5·10⁹ to 1.6·10¹³ protons per PSB ring. This paper gives an overview of 3D multi-turn injection techniques, focusing on the future LHC beams, which aim at reaching high brightness, and on highest intensity beams (ISOLDE), where losses are the main concern. Complete RF capture simulations and transverse injection maps, including space charge effects, are presented and also intended to be used during the commissioning with Linac4.

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MOPOR032

Using of the MENT Method for Reconstruction of 2D Particle Distributions in IFMIF Accelerators

emittance, SRF, simulation, HOM

668

P.A.P. Nghiem, N. Chauvin, L. Ducrot, M. Valette
CEA/DSM/IRFU, France

Beam particles are characterized by their coordinates in real spaces or phase spaces that are at least two-dimensional. It is often necessary to reconstruct such a 2D-distribution from the knowledge of only its projections on some axes, either for making use of tomography measurement results or for setting up an input beam for transport simulations. In this article, the use of the MENT (Maximum Entropy) reconstruction method is reported for the IFMIF accelerators where high intensity beam distributions are far from Gaussian ones.

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MOPOR038

Implications of Resonantly Driven Higher Order Modes on the ESS Beam

HOM, cavity, simulation, emittance

683

A. Farricker, R.M. Jones, N.Y. Joshi
UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
S. Molloy
ESS, Lund, Sweden

The European Spallation Source (ESS) in Lund, Sweden, will be a facility for fundamental physics studies of atomic structure using a spallation source of unparalleled brightness. To achieve this end, a 2.86 ms long pulsed proton beam will be accelerated up to a final energy of 2 GeV using three suites of superconducting cavities. If a Higher Order Mode (HOM) lies on a harmonic of the bunch frequency the HOM will be resonantly driven. This will dilute the beam quality significantly. Errors in fabricating these cavities are inevitable, and this sets a tolerance on how close the HOM can be within a harmonic of the bunch frequency. The baseline design for ESS requires HOMs to be at least 5 MHz from a machine line. Here we provide details of several finite element electromagnetic simulations on the HOMS anticipated in these ESS cavities. We analyse their impact on the beam emittance using a drift-kick-drift model with the potential for relaxed tolerances.

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MOPOR042

Beam Dynamics Modeling of Drift-tube Linacs with CST Particle Studio

DTL, simulation, rfq, injection

689

S.S. Kurennoy
LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA

The CST Studio provides convenient tools for self-consistent 3D modeling of accelerators, even large ones. Here we demonstrate this approach for the LANSCE drift-tube linac (DTL) taken as an example. The RF fields in 3D models of full DTL tanks are calculated and tuned with MicroWave Studio (MWS). Beam dynamics in the DTL is modeled with Particle Studio for bunches and bunch trains with realistic initial beam distributions using the MWS-calculated RF fields and quadrupole magnetic fields. The output beam parameters and locations of particle losses are calculated and compared for different beam distributions. Our main emphasis is on the formation of low-energy tails (longitudinal halo) and their interaction with regular bunches. Such effects are usually not taken into account in standard multi-particle phase-space codes.

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MOPOR043

High-gradient Structures for Proton Energy Boosters

booster, proton, cavity, experiment

692

S.S. Kurennoy, L. Rybarcyk
LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA

Increasing energy of proton beam at LANSCE from 800 MeV to 3 GeV can improve radiography resolution ~10 times. The best current practice to achieve this energy boost is to employ superconducting (SC) RF cavities with gradients about 15 MV/m after the existing linac, which results in a long and expensive booster. We propose accomplishing the same with a room-sized booster based on high-gradient (100s MV/m) room-temperature RF accelerating structures operating at low duty factors. Such high-gradient (HG) structures at very high RF frequencies have been demonstrated for electrons. However, they have never been used for protons because typical RF wavelengths are smaller than the proton bunch length. This is not a problem for proton radiography (pRad): a train of very short proton bunches with the same total length (10s ps) and charge as the original proton bunch will work as well, i.e., will create one radiography frame. Such a compact HG pRad booster can also be about an order of magnitude cheaper than the SC one. We explore feasibility of HG structures for protons and their application for a compact pRad booster at LANSCE.

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MOPOW003

RF Phase Jitter Consideration in Bunch Compression

klystron, simulation, electron, FEL

704

T.K. Charles, D.M. Paganin
Monash University, Faculty of Science, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
M.J. Boland, R.T. Dowd
SLSA, Clayton, Australia

Error propagation of RF phase jitter is analysed for various linac layout configurations and the sensitivity of the compression ratio due to RF phase jitter is analysed. Multiple sources of jitter have the opportunity to destructively interfere, and (perhaps counter intuitively) found to not add in quadrature. Results are compared to Elegant simulations.

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MOPOW004

Electron Trajectory Caustic Formation Resulting in Current Horns present in Bunch Compression

electron, FEL, wakefield, simulation

708

T.K. Charles, D.M. Paganin
Monash University, Faculty of Science, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
M.J. Boland, R.T. Dowd
SLSA, Clayton, Australia

Current horns are ubiquitous in Free Electron Laser (FEL) bunch compression. In this paper, we analyse the formation of these current spikes and identify the cause as caustic formation in the electron trajectories. We also present a possible solution to avoid or mitigate the current horns from developing through using optical linearization.

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MOPOW015

Fermi Upgrade Plans

FEL, laser, operation, electron

744

A. Fabris, E. Allaria, L. Badano, F. Bencivenga, C. Callegari, F. Capotondi, D. Castronovo, F. Cilento, P. Cinquegrana, M. Coreno, R. Cucini, I. Cudin, G. D'Auria, M.B. Danailov, R. De Monte, G. De Ninno, P. Delgiusto, A.A. Demidovich, S. Di Mitri, B. Diviacco, R. Fabris, W.M. Fawley, M. Ferianis, E. Ferrari, P. Finetti, P. Furlan Radivo, G. Gaio, D. Gauthier, F. Gelmetti, L. Giannessi, F. Iazzourene, M. Kiskinova, S. Krecic, M. Lonza, N. Mahne, M. Malvestuto, C. Masciovecchio, M. Milloch, F. Parmigiani, G. Penco, A. Perucchi, L. Pivetta, O. Plekan, M. Predonzani, E. Principi, L. Raimondi, P. Rebernik Ribič, F. Rossi, E. Roussel, L. Rumiz, C. Scafuri, C. Serpico, P. Sigalotti, M. Svandrlik, C. Svetina, M. Trovò, A. Vascotto, M. Veronese, R. Visintini, D. Zangrando, M. Zangrando
Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy

FERMI has reached its nominal performance on both FEL lines, FEL-1 (12 eV to 62 eV) and FEL-2 (62 eV to 310 eV). After a brief overview of the activities with users, we will describe plans for LINAC , FEL and beamline upgrades for 2016-2018 and beyond. This includes EEHG schemes for FEL-2.

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MOPOW028

Research on Pulse Energy Fluctuation of a Cascaded High Gain Harmonic Generation Free Electron Laser

electron, FEL, laser, timing

781

Z. Wang, C. Feng, Q. Gu, Z.T. Zhao
SINAP, Shanghai, People's Republic of China

Shot to shot pulse energy fluctuation is one of the most critical issues for two-stage cascaded high gain harmonic generation (HGHG) free electron lasers (FELs). In this paper, we study the effects of various electron parameters jitters on the output pulse energy fluctuations based on Shanghai Soft X-ray free electron laser facility (SXFEL). The results show that the relative timing jitter between the electron beam and the seed laser is proved to be the most sensitive factor. The energy jitter and charge jitter make some contributions and are non-ignorable as well. Some comparisons between our facility and FERMI have been made and we hope the conclusions draw from this study would be a reference for the optimization of future seeded FEL facilities based on cascading stages of HGHG.

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MOPOW036

Design Optimization of an X-band based FEL

FEL, simulation, emittance, gun

793

A.A. Aksoy
Ankara University, Accelerator Technologies Institute, Golbasi / Ankara, Turkey
A. Latina, J. Pfingstner, D. Schulte
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
Z. Nergiz
Nigde University, Nigde, Turkey

A design effort for a new generation of compact, cost-effective, power-efficient FEL facilities, based on X-band technology, has been launched. High-frequency X-band acceleration implies strong wakefields, tight alignment and mechanical tolerances, and challenging stability issues. In this paper a design is proposed for the injector and the linacs, including the two bunch compressors. RF gun and injector simulations have been performed, successfully meeting the stringent requirements in terms of minimum projected emittance, sliced emittance and minimum bunch length. In the design of the linac and bunch compressors wakefield effects and misalignment have been taken into account. Start-to-end tracking simulations through the optimized lattice are presented and discussed.

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MOPOW037

Developments in the CLARA FEL Test Facility Accelerator Design and Simulations

FEL, space-charge, undulator, simulation

797

P.H. Williams, D. Angal-Kalinin, A.D. Brynes, J.A. Clarke, F. Jackson, J.K. Jones, J.W. McKenzie, B.L. Militsyn, N. Thompson
STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
R.B. Appleby
UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
B. Kyle
University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom

We present recent developments in the accelerator design of CLARA (Compact Linear Accelerator for Research and Applications), the proposed UK FEL test facility at Daresbury Laboratory. In order to prioritise FEL schemes requiring the shortest electron bunches, the layout has changed significantly to enable compression at higher energy. Four proposed modes of operation are defined and tracked from cathode to FEL using ASTRA. Supplementing these baseline mode definitions with CSR-enabled codes (such as CSRTRACK) where appropriate is in progress. The FEL layout is re-optimised to include shorter undulators with delay chicanes between each radiator.

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MOPOW048

Development of the LCLS-II Optics Design

undulator, electron, optics, kicker

820

Y. Nosochkov, P. Emma, T.O. Raubenheimer, M. Woodley
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA

Funding: Work supported by the Department of Energy Contract DE-AC02-76SF00515.
The LCLS-II is a high repetition rate, high average brightness free-electron laser (FEL) under construction at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. The LCLS-II will include new major components: a high repetition-rate injector, a superconducting, CW (continuous wave), 4-GeV linac with a bunch compressor system, a 3-way beam spreader, with independent hard X-ray (HXR) and soft X-ray (SXR) FEL undulators. The design is based on the existing SLAC facilities, including the LCLS linac and beam transport lines. The new SXR line will utilize a variable-gap undulator sharing the same tunnel with the new HXR horizontal-gap vertically polarizing undulator that will replace the existing LCLS undulator. We describe the current state of the electron optics design and the latest developments.

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MOPOW051

High Level Control Command for ThomX Transfer Line

emittance, quadrupole, optics, TANGO

830

C. Bruni, I. Chaikovska, S. Chancé, N. Delerue, A.R. Gamelin, H. Guler, H. Monard, C. Vallerand
LAL, Orsay, France
A. Loulergue
SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette, France

ThomX Compact X ray source is a 50 MeV storage ring, and a linear accelerator based on a photo-injector. As the electron beam in the ring will not be damped by synchrotron radiation, the transfer line should rely on a precise injection in the ring. In order to fulfill this requirement, especially in terms of optics function and orbit correction, different tools have been prepared and tested on the accelerator toolbox of Matlab Middle Layer. We will present the different tools and the underlying physics for the ThomX transfer line.

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MOPOY019

Status of the First CH-Cavities for the New Superconducting CW Heavy Ion LINAC@GSI

resonance, cavity, operation, ion

886

M. Basten, M. Amberg, M. Busch, F.D. Dziuba, H. Podlech, M. Schwarz
IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
K. Aulenbacher
IKP, Mainz, Germany
K. Aulenbacher, W.A. Barth, V. Gettmann, S. Mickat, M. Miski-Oglu
HIM, Mainz, Germany
W.A. Barth, M. Heilmann, S. Mickat, S. Yaramyshev
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany

In the field of Super Heavy Elements (SHE) a superconducting (sc) continuous wave (cw) high intensity heavy ion LINAC is highly desirable. Currently a multi-stage R&D program conducted by GSI, HIM and IAP* is in progress. The baseline linac design composes a high performance ion source, a new low energy beam transport line, a (cw) upgraded High Charge State Injector (HLI), and a matching line (1.4 MeV/u) followed by the new sc-DTL LINAC for acceleration up to 7.3 MeV/u. The commissioning of the first CH cavity (Demonstrator), in a horizontal cryo module with beam is a major milestone in 2016**. The advanced demonstrator comprises constant-beta sc Crossbar-H-mode (CH) cavities operated at 217 MHz. Presently, the first two sc CH cavities of the advanced demonstrator are under construction at Research Instruments (RI), Bergisch Gladbach, Germany. A string of cavities and focusing elements build from several short CH-cavities with 8 gaps, without girders is recommended. The new design potentially reduces the overall technical risks during the fabrication and the pressure sensitivity through stiffening brackets. The present status of the first two sc cavities will be presented.
* W.Barth et al., Further R&D for a new Superconducting cw Heavy Ion LINAC@GSI, IPAC'14
**F.Dziuba et al., Measurements on the Superconducting 217 MHz CH Cavity during the Manufacturing Phase, SRF2015

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MOPOY022

Further Upgrade Measures at New GSI cw-Linac Demonstrator Setup

solenoid, cavity, ion, heavy-ion

892

M. Heilmann, W.A. Barth, S. Mickat, S. Yaramyshev
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
M. Amberg, M. Basten, F.D. Dziuba, H. Podlech, U. Ratzinger, M. Schwarz
IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
K. Aulenbacher
IKP, Mainz, Germany
K. Aulenbacher, W.A. Barth, V. Gettmann, S. Mickat, M. Miski-Oglu
HIM, Mainz, Germany

A new continuous wave (cw) linac is required to deliver high intensity heavy ion beams for Super Heavy Element (SHE) future experiments at GSI Darmstadt, Germany. The presented upgrade measures are dedicated to improve the performance of the cw demonstrator setup. The key component is a cryomodule comprising a superconducting (sc) 217 MHz Crossbar-H-mode (CH) cavity surrounded by two sc 9.3T solenoids with compensation coils. The solenoid coil is made of a Nb3Sn wire; and the compensation coils at both ends of the solenoid comprises NbTi wires. The distance between solenoid lense and CH cavity has to be optimized for ideal beam matching as well as for a minimum rest field inside the cavity below the critical magnetic field. The GSI High Charge State (HLI) injector has to deliver a heavy ion beam with an energy of 1.4 MeV/u. Longitudinal matching to the demonstrator is provided by two 10⁸.4 MHz cw room temperature λ/4 re-buncher cavity installed behind the HLI. In this paper electromagnetic simulations of the field optimization for the solenoids and the re-buncher cavities will be presented as well as first beam experiments at the beam transport line to the demonstrator cavity.

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MOPOY023

Further Steps Towards the Superconducting CW-LINAC for Heavy Ions at GSI

cavity, heavy-ion, ion, target

896

M. Schwarz, M. Basten, M. Busch, F.D. Dziuba, H. Podlech, U. Ratzinger, R. Tiede
IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
W.A. Barth, V. Gettmann, M. Heilmann, S. Mickat, M. Miski-Oglu, S. Yaramyshev
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
W.A. Barth, V. Gettmann, S. Mickat, M. Miski-Oglu
HIM, Mainz, Germany

Funding: Work supported by BMBF contr. No. 05P15RFRBA
For future experiments with heavy ions near the coulomb barrier within the super-heavy element (SHE) research project a multi-stage R&D program of GSI, HIM and IAP is currently in progress. It aims at developing a superconducting (sc) continuous wave (cw) LINAC with multiple CH cavities as key components downstream the upgraded High Charge Injector (HLI) at GSI. The LINAC design is challenging, due to the requirement of intense beams in cw-mode up to a mass-to-charge-ratio of 6 while covering a broad output energy range from 3.5 to 7.3 MeV/u with minimum energy spread. The next milestone will be a full performance beam test of the first expansion stage at GSI, the Demonstrator, comprising two solenoids and a 15-gap CH cavity inside a cryostat.

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MOPOY024

Development of a 325 MHz Ladder-RFQ of the 4-Rod-Type

rfq, proton, vacuum, ion

899

M. Schütt, U. Ratzinger
IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
C. Zhang
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany

In order to have an inexpensive alternative to 4-Vane RFQs above 200 MHz, we study the possibilities of a Ladder-RFQ. The 325 MHz RFQ is designed to accelerate protons from 95 keV to 3.0 MeV according to the design parameters of the research program with cooled antiprotons at FAIR. This particular high frequency for an RFQ creates difficulties, which are challenging in developing a cavity. In order to define a satisfactory geometrical configuration for this resonator, both from the RF and the mechanical point of view, different designs have been examined and compared. Very promising results have been reached with a ladder type RFQ, which has been investigated since 2013. Due to its geometric size the manufacturing as well as maintenance is not that complex compared with welded accelerators. The manufacturing, coppering and assembling of a 0.8 m prototype RFQ is finished. We present recent measurements of the rf-field, frequency-tuning, field flatness and the mode spectrum.

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MOPOY025

Electromagnetic Design of β=0.13, f=325 Mhz Half-Wave Resonator for Future High Power, High Intensity Proton Driver at KEK

cavity, proton, electron, rfq

902

G.-T. Park, E. Kako, Y. Kobayashi, T. Koseki, S. Michizono, F. Naito, H. Nakai, K. Umemori, S. Yamaguchi
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
T. Maruta
KEK/JAEA, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan

At KEK, a proposal is being prepared for a new linac-based proton driver that can accelerate the proton beam up to 9 GeV with 9 MW beam power and 100 mA peak current. In this report, we present the study on the front end design of the linac, which will accelerate the beam to 1.2 GeV: The baseline layout, the acceleration energy structure, RF characteristics of components, cryomodule configurations, and the detailed design of half-wave resonator 1.

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MOPOY026

Baseline Design of a Proton Linac for BNCT at OIST

rfq, neutron, DTL, proton

906

Y. Kondo, K. Hasegawa
JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan
Y. Higashi, H. Sugawara, M. Yoshioka
OIST, Onna-son, Okinawa, Japan
H. Kumada
Tsukuba University, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, Ibaraki, Japan
S.-I. Kurokawa
Cosylab, Tsukuba, Japan
H. Matsumoto, F. Naito
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

A new facility to develop a proton linac based neutron source for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) and various neutron science is planned at Okinawa institute of science and technology (OIST). This facility aims to develop a prototype system of the mass production model of BNCT systems as medical apparatus. The beam power and the beam energy at the neutron production target are assumed to about 60 kW and 10 MeV, respectively. The energy will be finally decided to optimize the ratio of necessary epi-thermal and other energy of neutron. If the energy is 10 MeV, 60 kW beam power can be achieved with a beam current of 30 mA and a duty factor of 20%. The linac consists of an ECR ion source, a two-solenoid-magnet LEBT, a four-vane RFQ, and an Alvarez DTL, which are very conventional as components of proton linac. To make the accelerator compact, we are considering to use a 400-MHz band resonant frequency. As a medical apparatus, it is required that the linac system is stable and operated easily without experts of accelerator. The design of proton linac is one of the most important issues in our development. In this paper, the baseline design of this OIST BNCT linac is described.

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MOPOY028

Low Power RF Tuning of the CSNS DTL

DTL, cavity, insertion, neutron

913

H.C. Liu, Q. Chen, M.X. Fan, S. Fu, K.Y. Gong, A.H. Li, J. Peng, S. Wang, X. Wu, F.X. Zhao
IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
B. Li, P.H. Qu, Y. Wang
CSNS, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China

The China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) is an accelerator-based neutron source being built at dongguan, Guangdong province in China. A conventional 324MHz Alvarez-type Drift tube linac (DTL) is utilized to accelerate an H⁻ ion beam from 3MeV to 80MeV. The RF field tuning of DTL is necessary for compensating the unexpected error caused by manufacturing and assembling. For reasons of RF power saving it is convenient to build a long DTL tank, but this choice involves risks of accelerating field instability. This problem can be fixed by using the resonant coupling stabilization method and equipping DTL cavities with a series of post-couplers. A practical tuning method was proposed, an acceptable field distribution with a good stability was achieved for CSNS DTL-1.

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MOPOY029

Transverse Emittance Measurements in CSNS Linac

emittance, focusing, quadrupole, space-charge

916

Z.P. Li, Y. Li, J. Peng, S. Wang
IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Commissioning of the front-end of the linac at CSNS has been accomplished. Double scanning slit system and wire-scanners were employed to carry out the transverse emittance measurements in both low energy beam transport (LEBT) and medium energy beam transport (MEBT). Different results of different measurement methods are presented and compared. Corresponding codes were developed for each of the emittance measurement methods.

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MOPOY030

Superconducting Cavity Phase and Amplitude Measurement in Low Energy Accelerating Section

LLRF, cavity, beam-transport, superconducting-cavity

919

C. Meng, H. Geng, F. Yan, Y.L. Zhao
IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Superconducting linear accelerator is the tendency in linac design with the development of superconducting RF technology. Superconducting cavities used as accelerating section in low energy Hadron linac are more and more common. The 5MeV test stand of CADS accelerator Injector I is composed of an ion source, a LEBT, a 325MHz RFQ, a MEBT, a cryogenic module (CM1) of seven SC spoke cavities (β=0.12) , seven SC solenoids, seven cold BPMs and a beam dump. The phase and amplitude setting of superconducting cavity are very important at the operation of accelerator, so beam based measurement of cavity phase and amplitude is necessary. Beam based phase scan is the most simple and effective method. Because the significant velocity changes in superconducting cavity at low energy section, the effective voltage is changing with cavity phase, meanwhile the synchronous phase is non-linear with LLRF phase. Above two problem make the cavity phase determination difficult. New date fitting method is proposed to solve these problem in this paper. Some measurements of spoke cavities in the CADS CM1 are also presented.

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MOPOY031

Emittance Measurement with Double-Slit Method in CADS Injector-I

emittance, solenoid, rfq, simulation

922

C. Meng, H. Geng, Z. Xue, F. Yan, L. Yu, Y.L. Zhao
IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China

The C-ADS accelerator is a CW (Continuous-Wave) proton linac with 1.5 GeV in beam energy, 10 mA in beam current, and 15 MW in beam power. CADS Injector-I accelerator is a 10-mA 10-MeV CW proton linac, which uses a 3.2-MeV normal conducting 4-Vane RFQ and superconducting single-spoke cavities for accelerating. The 5MeV test stand of CADS accelerator Injector I is composed of an ion source, a LEBT, a 325MHz RFQ, a MEBT, a cryogenic module (CM1) of seven SC spoke cavities (β=0.12) , seven SC solenoids, seven cold BPMs and a beam dump. Emittance measurement is very important for the understanding of beam behavior and matching to the next accelerating section. Detailed emittance measurement with double-slit method after CM1 are presented in this paper.

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MOPOY038

Studies for Tuning Algorithm of Superconducting Cavity Amplitude and Phase in the RAON Accelerator

cavity, GUI, simulation, interface

932

H. Jin, J.-H. Jang
IBS, Daejeon, Republic of Korea

The RAON accelerator utilizes the low energy and high energy superconducting linacs for the acceleration of the stable ion beams and the rare isotope beams. The low energy superconducting linac is composed of the quarter-wave resonator (QWR) and the half-wave resonator (HWR) cavities, and the high energy superconducting linac consists of two kinds of single-spoke resonator (SSR) cavities. In the beam commissioning, the tuning of these superconducting cavities is a significant issue to achieve the targeted beam energy and to avoid the deterioration of the beam quality. In this paper, we will present the tuning program based on the phase scan tuning algorithm for the superconducting cavity amplitude and phase in the RAON accelerator and describe the simulation results.

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MOPOY039

Progress on Superconducting Linac for the RAON Heavy Ion Accelerator

cryomodule, cavity, ion, electron

935

H.J. Kim, H.C. Jung, W.K. Kim
IBS, Daejeon, Republic of Korea

The RISP (Rare Isotope Science Project) has been proposed as a multi-purpose accelerator facility for providing beams of exotic rare isotopes of various energies. It can deliver ions from proton to uranium. Proton and uranium ions are accelerated upto 600 MeV and 200 MeV/u respectively. The facility consists of three superconducting linacs of which superconducting cavities are independently phased. Requirement of the linac design is especially high for acceleration of multiple charge beams. In this paper, we present the RISP linac design, the prototyping of superconducting cavity and cryomodule.

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MOPOY041

Commissioning of New Proton and Light Ion Injector for Nuclotron-Nica

rfq, ion, vacuum, simulation

941

S.M. Polozov, V.S. Dyubkov, M. Gusarova, T. Kulevoy, A.A. Martynov, A.S. Plastun, A.V. Samoshin
MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
V. Aleksandrov, A.V. Butenko, B.V. Golovenskiy, A. Govorov, V. Kobets, A.D. Kovalenko, V. Monchinsky, V.V. Seleznev, A.O. Sidorin, G.V. Trubnikov
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
V. Andreev, A.I. Balabin, S.V. Barabin, V.A. Koshelev, A.V. Kozlov, G. Kropachev, R.P. Kuibeda, T. Kulevoy, V.G. Kuzmichev, D.A. Liakin, A.Y. Orlov, A.S. Plastun, D.N. Selesnev, A. Sitnikov, Yu. Stasevich
ITEP, Moscow, Russia
A.P. Durkin
MRTI RAS, Moscow, Russia
K.A. Levterov
JINR/VBLHEP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
S.V. Vinogradov
MIPT, Dolgoprudniy, Moscow Region, Russia

The new accelerator complex Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA) is now under development and construction at JINR. New complex is assumed to operate using two injectors: the Alvarez-type linac LU-20 as injector of light ions, polarized protons and deuterons and a new linac HILac of heavy ions. Now the modernization of LU-20 is also realized and old pulse DC injector is planning to replace by RFQ linac. New RFQ linac was developed and manufactured and is now under commissioning at Nuclotron injectors hall. New results of RFQ linac resonator testing and measurements, RF power load and linac testing with deuterium and carbon beam will discuss in this report.

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MOPOY042

The Perspective of Jinr Lu-20 Replacement by a Superconducting Linac

simulation, proton, ion, cavity

944

S.M. Polozov, M. Gusarova, T. Kulevoy, M.V. Lalayan, A.V. Samoshin, S.E. Toporkov
MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
M.A. Baturitski
BSU, Minsk, Belarus
A.V. Butenko, V. Monchinsky, A.O. Sidorin, G.V. Trubnikov
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
G. Kropachev, T. Kulevoy
ITEP, Moscow, Russia
A.A. Marysheva, V.S. Petrakovsky, I.L. Pobol, A.I. Pokrovsky, S.V. Yurevich, A.Yu. Zhuravsky
Physical-Technical Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus

The new accelerator complex Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA) is now under development and construction at JINR. Existing Alvarez-type DTL linac LU-20 is now operates as injector of light ions, polarized protons and deuterons to Nuclotron for LHEP experimental program. It provides proton beam of 20 MeV energy and light ions of 5 MeV/u energy. In 2015 the cascade transformer 800 kV which is pre-accelerator of LU-20 had been replaced by the new RFQ linac (energy 155 keV for ions with Z/A<0.5). The proposal on Alvarez linac LU-20 upgrade by a superconducting light ion linac with energy up to 50 MeV is discussed in this report.

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MOPOY045

ESS Linac Beam Physics Design Update

rfq, DTL, proton, target

947

M. Eshraqi, H. Danared, R. De Prisco, A. Jansson, Y.I. Levinsen, M. Lindroos, R. Miyamoto, M. Muñoz, A. Ponton
ESS, Lund, Sweden

The European Spallation Source, ESS, uses a linear accelerator to bombard the tungsten target with the high intensity protons beam for producing intense beams of neutrons. The nominal average beam power of the linac is 5~MW with a peak beam power at target of 125~MW. This paper focuses on the beam dynamics design of the ESS linac and the diagnostics elements used for the tuning of the lattice and matching between sections.

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MOPOY047

Studies of Ultimate Intensity Limits for High Power Proton Linacs

proton, DTL, rfq, emittance

951

D.C. Plostinar, C.R. Prior, G.H. Rees
STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
M.O. Boenig, A.E. Geisler, O. Heid
Siemens AG, Erlangen, Germany
I.V. Konoplev, A. Seryi, S.L. Sheehy
JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom

Although modern high power proton machines can now routinely deliver MW level operating powers, the next generation accelerators will be required to reach powers orders of magnitude higher. Significant developments will be needed both in technology and in understanding the limits of high intensity operation. The present study investigates the beam dynamics in three experimental linac designs when the beam intensity is increased above current levels such that for CW regimes, beam powers of up to 400 MW can be attained. In the first, a 1 A proton beam is accelerated to 400 MeV using normal conducting structures. In the second, a comparison is made when two front ends accelerate 0.5 A beams to ~20 MeV where they are funnelled to 1 A and accelerated to 400 MeV. Similarly, in the third, two 0.25 A beams are funnelled to 0.5 A and then accelerated in superconducting structures to 800 MeV. In addition, alternative unconventional methods of generating high current beams are also discussed. The further studies that are needed to be undertaken in the future are outlined, but it is considered that the three linac configurations found are sufficiently promising for detailed technical designs to follow.

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MOPOY050

Beam Commissioning Plan of the FRIB Superconducting Linac

cavity, operation, optics, simulation

961

Y. Zhang, C.P. Chu, Z.Q. He, M. Ikegami, S.M. Lidia, S.M. Lund, F. Marti, G. Shen, Y. Yamazaki, Q. Zhao
FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA

Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science under Cooperative Agreement DE-SC0000661
The FRIB superconducting linac will deliver all heavy ion beams with energy above 200 MeV/u, and beam power on target up to 400 kW for generation of short lived isotopes. Beam commissioning is the first step to prepare and tune the superconducting linac for high power operation. A staged beam commissioning plan of the FRIB linac is developed, and complete beam tuning practices segment by segment through the entire linac are introduced, which include phase scan signature matching of the superconducting cavities, longitudinal beam matching, transverse matching with horizontal-vertical beam coupling, and beam optics corrections of achromatic and isochronous folding segments up to the second order for acceleration and transport of multi charge state beams.

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MOPOY052

200 MeV H⁻ Linac Upgrades at Brookhaven

controls, ion, power-supply, ion-source

968

D. Raparia, J.G. Alessi, G. Atoian, B. Briscoe, C. Cullen, D.M. Gassner, O. Gould, M. Harvey, T. Lehn, V. LoDestro, M. Mapes, I. Marneris, A. McNerney, J. Morris, W.E. Pekrul, J. Ritter, R.F. Schoenfeld, F. Severino, C. Theisen, A. Zaltsman, A. Zelenski
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA

The 200 MeV H⁻ Linac has been operational for the last 45 years providing beam for the physics and isotope programs. Currently we are upgrading the Linac for improved reliability and integrated intensity. Recently we replaced the 7651 tubes with solid-state RF amplifiers. In addition, the low level RF system and Timing system were upgraded and new beam loss monitors were installed that is sensitive at low-energies and to neutrons. We have a plan for future upgrades to the vacuum, Controls, diagnostics and power supply systems. In order to achieve higher average current for the isotope program, it is plan to increase the beam pulse length from 450 us to 900 us. This will require modifications to the RF and all pulse power supply systems.

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MOPOY053

The SARAF-LINAC Project Status

cryomodule, rfq, status, diagnostics

971

N. Pichoff, N. Bazin, L. Boudjaoui, P. Brédy, D. Chirpaz-Cerbat, R. Cubizolles, B. Dalena, G. Ferrand, B. Gastineau, P. Gastinel, P. Girardot, F. Gougnaud, P. Hardy, M. Jacquemet, F. Leseigneur, C. Madec, N. Misiara, P.A.P. Nghiem, D. Uriot
CEA/IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
P. Bertrand, M. Di Giacomo, R. Ferdinand, J.-M. Lagniel, J.F. Leyge, M. Michel
GANIL, Caen, France

SNRC and CEA collaborate to the upgrade of the SARAF accelerator to 5 mA CW 40 MeV deuteron and proton beams (Phase 2). CEA is in charge of the design, construction and commissioning of the superconducting linac (SARAF-LINAC Project). This paper presents to the accelerator community the status at March 2016 of the SARAF-LINAC Project.

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MOPOY057

The Linear IFMIF Prototype Accelerator (LIPAC) Design Development under the European-Japanese Collaboration

rfq, SRF, vacuum, cryomodule

985

P. Cara, R. Heidinger
Fusion for Energy, Garching, Germany
N. Bazin, S. Chel, R. Gobin, J. Marroncle, B. Renard
CEA/DSM/IRFU, France
B. Brañas Lasala, D. Jiménez-Rey, J. Mollá, P. Méndez, I. Podadera
CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain
A. Facco, E. Fagotti, A. Pisent
INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy
A. Kasugai, S. Keishi, S. O'hira
JAEA, Aomori, Japan
J. Knaster, A. Marqueta, Y. Okumura
IFMIF/EVEDA, Rokkasho, Japan
K. Sakamoto
QST, Aomori, Japan

The IFMIF aims to provide an accelerator-based, D-Li neutron source to produce high energy neutrons at sufficient intensity. Part of the BA agreement (Japan-EURATOM), the goal of the IFMIF/EVEDA project is to work on the engineering design of IFMIF and to validate the main technological challenges which includes a 125mA CW D⁺ accelerator up to 9 MeV mainly designed and manufactured in Europe. The components are in an advanced stage of manufacturing. The first components which allow the production of a 140 mA-100 keV deuteron beam have been delivered, installed and under commissioning at Rokkasho. The second phase (100 keV to 5 MeV) will end by March 2017. The third phase (short pulse) and forth phase (cw) will be the integrated commissioning of the LIPAc up to 9 MeV. The duration of the project has been recently extended up to end 2019 to allow the commissioning and operation of the whole accelerator (1MW). The aim of this paper is to give an overview of the LIPAc, currently under commissioning in Japan, to outline the engineering design and the development of the key components, as well as the expected outcomes of the engineering work, associated with the experimental program.

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MOPOY059

LHC Injectors Upgrade (LIU) Project at CERN

ion, injection, proton, brightness

992

E.N. Shaposhnikova, J. Coupard, H. Damerau, A. Funken, S.S. Gilardoni, B. Goddard, K. Hanke, L. Kobzeva, A.M. Lombardi, D. Manglunki, S. Mataguez, M. Meddahi, B. Mikulec, G. Rumolo, R. Scrivens, M. Vretenar
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

A massive improvement program of the LHC injector chain is presently being conducted under the LIU project. For the proton chain, this includes the replacement of Linac2 with Linac4 as well as all necessary upgrades to the Proton Synchrotron Booster (PSB), the Proton Synchrotron (PS) and Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS), aimed at producing beams with the challenging High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) parameters. Regarding the heavy ions, plans to improve the performance of Linac3 and the Low Energy Ion Ring (LEIR) are also pursued under the general LIU program. The full LHC injection chain returned to operation after Long Shutdown 1, with extended beam studies taking place in Run 2. A general project Cost and Schedule Review also took place in March 2015, and several dedicated LIU project reviews were held to address issues awaiting pending decisions. In view of these developments, 2014 and 2015 have been key years to define a number of important aspects of the final LIU path. This paper will describe the reviewed LIU roadmap and revised performance objectives of the main upgrades, including the work status and outlook in terms of the required installation and commissioning stages.

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TUXA01

Status and Future Upgrade of J-PARC Accelerators

operation, injection, extraction, hadron

999

M. Kinsho
JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan

The linac energy reached to 400 MeV as a design value and also a beam current was upgraded to 50 mA by replacing a new ion source. At the 3 GeV synchrotron, a high power beam of 8.41x10¹³ protons per pulse was demonstrated, which was equivalent to 1 MW when the repetition would be 25 Hz. At the main ring, beam loss was reduced by suppression of transverse instabilities and so on. The beam power for both the neutrino experiment and hadron experimental facility is increasing to reduce beam loss. J-PARC accelerators each have their own upgrade plan to increase beam power. The progress and future plan of J-PARC accelerators are reported in this paper.

Slides TUXA01 [11.427 MB]

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TUOAA01

Operation of LANSCE Linear Accelerator with Double Pulse Rate and Low Beam Losses

beam-losses, DTL, proton, operation

1004

Y.K. Batygin, J.S. Kolski, R.C. McCrady, L. Rybarcyk
LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA

Funding: Work supported by US DOE under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396
In 2014 LANSCE accelerator facility return to 120 Hz pulse rate operation after long period of operation at 60 Hz pulse rate. Increased capabilities require careful tuning of all components of linear accelerator. Transformation to double pulse rate resulted in re-evaluation of tuning procedures in order to meet new challenges in beam operation. The paper summarizes experimental activity on sustaining of high productivity of accelerator facility while keeping beam losses along accelerator at the low level.

Slides TUOAA01 [14.886 MB]

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TUOAA02

Status and Performance of ORNL Spallation Neutron Source Accelerator Systems

rfq, operation, ion-source, ion

1007

Y.W. Kang, A.V. Aleksandrov, D.E. Anderson, M.S. Champion, M.T. Crofford, J. Galambos, B. Han, S.-H. Kim, S.W. Lee, J. Moss, V.V. Peplov, C. Piller, M.A. Plum, R.T. Roseberry, J.P. Schubert, A.P. Shishlo, M.P. Stockli, C.M. Stone, R.F. Welton, M. Wezensky, D.C. Williams, A.P. Zhukov
ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
L.A. Longcoy, M. Magda, M.E. Middendorf, W.S. Passmore, C.C. Peters, J. Price, R.B. Saethre, J. Saunders
ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA

Funding: This work was supported by SNS through UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 for the U.S. DOE.
The Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) accelerator sys-tems have been performing continuously and progressively since commissioning in 2006 to deliver the neutrons to beamlines. The 1.4 MW design beam power has been demonstrated during 24/7 operation while developments and investigations for system improvements are still ongoing to achieve the full design beam power and availability. Numerous difficulties that impeded reaching the full performance of the SNS accelerator systems have been identified and are being eliminated through repairs, upgrades, and developments. In this report, operational performance and developments of the accelerator systems are presented along with the efforts for future upgrades of the SNS.

Slides TUOAA02 [5.410 MB]

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TUOAA03

Long Term Plans to Increase Fermilab's Proton Intensity to Meet the Needs of the Long Baseline Neutrino Program

proton, booster, experiment, injection

1010

E. Prebys, P. Adamson, S.C. Childress, P. Derwent, S.D. Holmes, I. Kourbanis, V.A. Lebedev, W. Pellico, A. Romanenko, V.D. Shiltsev, E.G. Stern, A. Valishev, R.M. Zwaska
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

Funding: This work is supported by the US Department of Energy under contract No. De-AC02-07CH11359.
The flagship of Fermilab's long term research program is the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE), located Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF) in Lead, South Dakota, which will study neutrino oscillations with a baseline of 1300 km. The neutrinos will be produced in the Long Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF), a proposed new beam line from Fermilab's Main Injector. The physics goals of the DUNE require a proton beam with a power of roughly 2.5 MW at 120 GeV, which is roughly five times the current maximum power. This poster outlines the staged plan to achieve the required power over the next 15 years.

Slides TUOAA03 [4.129 MB]

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TUOBA02

ER@CEBAF - A High Energy, Multi-pass Energy Recovery Experiment at CEBAF

experiment, operation, optics, electron

1022

F. Méot, I. Ben-Zvi, Y. Hao, P. Korysko, C. Liu, M.G. Minty, V. Ptitsyn, G. Robert-Demolaize, T. Roser, P. Thieberger, N. Tsoupas
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
M.E. Bevins, S.A. Bogacz, D. Douglas, C.J. Dubbe, T.J. Michalski, F.C. Pilat, Y. Roblin, T. Satogata, M. Spata, C. Tennant, M.G. Tiefenback
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
A high-energy, multiple-pass energy recovery (ER) experiment proposal, using CEBAF, is in preparation by a JLab-BNL collaboration. The experiment will be proposed in support of the electron-ion collider project (EIC) R&D going on at BNL. This new experiment extends the 2003, 1-pass, 1 GeV CEBAF-ER demonstration into a range of energy and recirculation passes commensurate with BNL's anticipated linac-ring EIC parameters. The experiment will study ER and recirculating beam dynamics in the presence of synchrotron radiation, provide opportunity to develop and test multiple-beam diagnostic instrumentation, and can also probe BBU limitations. This paper gives an overview of the ER@CEBAF project, its context and preparations.

Slides TUOBA02 [1.936 MB]

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TUOCA01

LCLS Bunch Compressor Configuration Study for Soft X-ray Operation

bunching, electron, laser, operation

1037

S. Li, Y. Ding, Z. Huang, A. Marinelli, T.J. Maxwell, D.F. Ratner, F. Zhou
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
C. Behrens
DESY, Hamburg, Germany

The microbunching instability (MBI) is a well-known problem for high brightness electron beams and has been observed at accelerator facilities around the world. Free-electron lasers (FELs) are particularly susceptible to MBI, which can distort the longitudinal phase space and increase the beam's slice energy spread (SES). Past studies of MBI at the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) relied on optical transition radiation to infer the existence of microbunching. With the development of the x-band transverse deflecting cavity (XTCAV), we can for the first time directly image the longitudinal phase space at the end of the accelerator and complete a comprehensive study of MBI, revealing both detailed MBI behavior as well as insights into mitigation schemes [1]. The fine time resolution of the XTCAV also provides the first LCLS measurements of the final SES, a critical parameter for many advanced FEL schemes. Detailed MBI and SES measurements can aid in understanding MBI mechanisms, benchmarking simulation codes, and designing future high-brightness accelerators.

Slides TUOCA01 [4.436 MB]

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TUOCA02

APEX Phase-II Commissioning Results at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

gun, electron, cavity, space-charge

1041

F. Sannibale, J.A. Doyle, J. Feng, D. Filippetto, G.L. Harris, M.J. Johnson, T.D. Kramasz, D. Leitner, C.E. Mitchell, J.R. Nasiatka, H.A. Padmore, H.J. Qian, H. Rasool, J.W. Staples, S.P. Virostek, R.P. Wells, M.S. Zolotorev
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
S.M. Gierman, R.K. Li, J.F. Schmerge, T. Vecchione, F. Zhou
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
C. Pagani, D. Sertore
INFN/LASA, Segrate (MI), Italy

Funding: Work supported by the Director of the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy under Contract no. DEAC02-05CH11231
Science needs in the last decade have been pushing the accelerator community to the development of high repetition rates (MHz/GHz-class) linac-based schemes capable of generating high brightness electron beams. Examples include X-ray FELs; ERLs for light source, electron cooling and IR to EUV FEL applications; inverse Compton scattering X-ray or gamma sources; and ultrafast electron diffraction and microscopy. The high repetition rate requirement has profound implications on the technology choice for most of the accelerator parts, and in particular for the electron gun. The successful performance of the GHz room-temperature RF photo-injectors running at rates <~ 100 Hz, cannot be scaled up to higher rates because of the excessive heat load that those regimes would impose on the gun cavity. In response to this gun need, we have developed at Berkeley the VHF-Gun, a lower-frequency room-temperature RF photo-gun capable of CW operation and optimized for the performance required by MHz-class X-ray FELs. The Advanced Photo-injector EXperiment (APEX) was funded and built for demonstrating the VHF gun performance, and the results of its last phase of commissioning are presented.

Slides TUOCA02 [12.015 MB]

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TUOBB02

FACET-II Accelerator Research with Beams of Extreme Intensities

positron, electron, plasma, damping

1067

V. Yakimenko, Y. Cai, C.I. Clarke, S.Z. Green, C. Hast, M.J. Hogan, N. Lipkowitz, N. Phinney, G.R. White, G. Yocky
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA

In 2016, the second phase of SLAC's x-ray laser, the LCLS-II, will begin to use part of the tunnel occupied by FACET, and the world's only multi-GeV facility for advanced accelerator research will cease operation. FACET-II is a new test facility to provide DOE with the unique capability to develop advanced acceleration and coherent radiation techniques with high-energy electron and positron beams. FACET-II is an opportunity to build on the decades-long experience developed conducting advanced accelerator R&D at the FFTB and FACET and re-deploy HEP infrastructure in continued service of its mission. FACET-II provides a major upgrade over current FACET capabilities and the breadth of the potential research program makes it truly unique. It will synergistically pursue accelerator science that is vital to the future of both advanced acceleration techniques for High Energy Physics, ultra-high brightness beams for Basic Energy Science, and novel radiation sources for a wide variety of applications. The presentation will discuss FACET-II project status and plans for diverse experimental program.

Slides TUOBB02 [17.664 MB]

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TUPMB005

Design and Fabrication of the Compact-Erl Magnets

simulation, quadrupole, sextupole, electron

1111

A. Ueda, K. Endo, K. Harada, T. Kume, T. Miyajima, S. Nagahashi, N. Nakamura, M. Shimada
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

The compact Energy Recovery Linac (cERL) was con-structed and operated at KEK. For the cERL we designed and fabricated the eight main bending magnets, fifty seven quadrupole magnets, four sextupole magnets and sixteen small bending magnets [1]. These magnets are used at 3 MeV (for low energy part) and 20 MeV (high energy part) beam energy now, but we designed them to be used maximum 10 MeV and 125 MeV beam energy for future upgrade of the cERL. The magnetic field analysis was done by 2D and 3D simulation code (OPERA) to design magnet shape. The main bending magnets and quadrupole magnets are made of electromagnetic steel sheet and the other magnets are made of electromagnetic soft iron. In this paper, we show the detail of the design-ing and fabricating work of those magnets.

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TUPMB008

Beam-Based Alignment for the Transport Line of CSNS

alignment, controls, DTL, experiment

1121

Y. Li, Y.W. An, Z.P. Li, W.B. Liu, S. Wang
IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Beam-based alignment (BBA) techniques are important tools for beam orbit steering in linear accelerators or transfer lines. In this paper this technique and the control system application programs developed based on XAL platform were applied to the beam commissioning for Medium Energy Beam Transport (MEBT) of CSNS to get the transverse misalignments of beam position monitor (BPM) and quad. The results shows that the absolute values of BPMs offsets are less than 0.6 mm and quads offsets are less than 0.05 mm，that is much smaller than the tolerance of the misalignment.

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TUPMB016

Continuous-Wave Electron Linear Accelerators for Industrial Applications

electron, klystron, resonance, accelerating-gradient

1142

D.S. Yurov, A.S. Alimov, B.S. Ishkanov, V.I. Shvedunov
MSU, Moscow, Russia

Based on SINP MSU experience in developing continuous wave (CW) normal conducting (NC) electron linacs, we propose an optimal design for such accelerators with beam energy of up to 10 MeV and average beam power of up to several hundred kW. As an example of such design, we discuss the 1 MeV industrial CW linac with maximum beam power of 25 kW, which was recently commissioned at SINP MSU.

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TUPMR044

Beam Test of the New Beamline for Radio-Isotope Production at KOMAC

target, vacuum, isotope-production, proton

1349

H.S. Kim
KAERI, Daejon, Republic of Korea
Y.-S. Cho, H.-J. Kwon, S.P. Yun
Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea

Funding: This work has been supported through KOMAC (Korea Multi-purpose Accelerator Complex) operation fund of KAERI by MSIP (Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning).
A high power proton linac is under operation at Korea multi-purpose accelerator complex (KOMAC). Currently, two beamlines are available and used to provide 20-MeV beam and 100-MeV beam to users from various fields. An additional 100-MeV beamline has been constructed mainly for production of radio-isotopes such as Sr-82 and Cu-67. Proton beam with the beam energy of 100 MeV and the average current of 0.6 mA is directed to the production target, which is located in a water-filled target chamber, through a beam window made of AlBeMet. The beam size at the target is designed to be about 100 mm in diameter. Installation of the beamline components including 1.5 T bending magnet and the beam diagnostic devices such as BPM and BCM is finished and beam commissioning is planned to start in early 2016. The details of newly-constructed beamline and the initial beam test results will be given in this paper.

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TUPMR057

High Current Proton and Carbon Beam Operation via Stripping of a Molecular Beam at GSI UNILAC

proton, ion, operation, ion-source

1390

M. Heilmann, A. Adonin, W.A. Barth, Ch.E. Düllmann, R. Hollinger, E. Jäger, P. Scharrer, W. Vinzenz, H. Vormann
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
W.A. Barth, Ch.E. Düllmann, P. Scharrer
HIM, Mainz, Germany
Ch.E. Düllmann
Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Institut of Nuclear Chemistry, Mainz, Germany
P. Scharrer
Mainz University, Mainz, Germany

The experimental program of the future facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) project requires a high number of cooled anti-protons per hour. The FAIR proton injector linac has to deliver a 70 MeV, 35 mA pulsed proton beam at a repetition rate of 4 Hz. During recent machine investigations at the GSI a high current proton beam was achieved in the Universal Lineral Accelerator (UNILAC). In preparation for this the ion source was equipped with a newly developed 7-hole extraction system and optimized for single charged hydrocarbon beam (isobutane gas) operation. This beam was accelerated to 1.4 MeV/u and cracked in a new pulsed gas stripper into protons and charged carbon. The new stripper setup injects high density gas pulses synchronous with the transit of the beam pulse close to the beam trajectory. With this setup a proton (up to 4.3 mA) as well a carbon beam (up to 9.5 mA) intensity record at beam energy of 1.4 MeV was achieved. The proton beam was accelerated up to 3.6 MeV/u inside the first Alvarez-section with full transmission. The paper will present beam measurement in comparison to the former beam investigations using a 2 mA proton beam in the entire UNILAC.

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TUPMY002

APF IH-DTL Design for the Muon LINAC in the J-PARC Muon g-2/EDM Experiment

cavity, emittance, DTL, acceleration

1539

M. Otani, T. Mibe, M. Yoshida
KEK, Tsukuba, Japan
K. Hasegawa, Y. Kondo
JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan
N. Hayashizaki
RLNR, Tokyo, Japan
Y. Iwashita
Kyoto ICR, Uji, Kyoto, Japan
Y. Iwata
NIRS, Chiba-shi, Japan
R. Kitamura
University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
N. Saito
J-PARC, KEK & JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan

The muon linac for the J-PARC muon g-2/EDM experiment consists of RFQ (324 MHz), IH-DTL (324 MHz), DAW coupled cell linac (1.3 GHz), and disk loaded structure (1.3 GHz). Because muon has finite life time, the muons should be accelerated in a sufficiently short period. To realize fast acceleration, Alternative Phase Focusing (APF) scheme is adopted in IH-DTL in which the muons are accelerated from 0.34 MeV to about 4 MeV. In this poster, the design of the APF IH-DTL for muon acceleraiton with the computer calculation will be presented.

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TUPMY003

Development of Muon LINAC for the Muon g-2/EDM Experiment at J-PARC

rfq, acceleration, cavity, background

1543

M. Otani, T. Mibe, F. Naito, N. Saito, M. Yoshida
KEK, Tsukuba, Japan
K. Hasegawa, T. Ito, Y. Kondo
JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan
N. Hayashizaki
RLNR, Tokyo, Japan
Y. Iwashita
Kyoto ICR, Uji, Kyoto, Japan
Y. Iwata
NIRS, Chiba-shi, Japan
R. Kitamura
University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

Precision measurements of the muon's anomalous magnetic moment (g-2) and electric dipole moment (EDM) are effective ways to cast light on beyond the standard model of elementary particle physics. The J-PARC E34 experiment aims to measure g-2 with a precision of 0.1 ppm and search for EDM with a sensitivity to 10-{-21} e· cm with high intensity proton beam at J-PARC and a novel technique of making a muon beam with small emittance (the ultra-cold muon beam). The ultra-cold muon beam is generated from a surface muon beam by the thermal muonium (30 meV) production followed by the laser ionization, and acceleration to 212 MeV or 300 MeV/c by the muon dedicated LINAC. The muon LINAC consists of RFQ, inter-digital IH, Disk And Washer (DAW) coupled cell and disk loaded structure. The ultra-cold muons will have an extremely small transverse momentum spread of less than 1 % with a normalized transverse emittance of around 1.5 pi mm-mrad. The muon acceleration to 300 MeV/c will be the first case in the world and it will be one of the base technologies of future accelerator programs. In this talk, design and status of the muon LINAC will be reported.

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TUPMY005

A Muon Source Proton Driver at JPARC-based Parameters

proton, injection, booster, operation

1550

D.V. Neuffer
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

Funding: Fermilab is operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. De-AC02-07CH11359 with the U. S. Department of Energy.
An "ultimate" high intensity proton source for neutrino factories and/or muon colliders was projected to be a ~4 MW multi-GeV proton source providing short, intense proton pulses at ~15 Hz. The JPARC ~1 MW accelerators provide beam at parameters that in many respects overlap these goals. Proton pulses from the JPARC Main Ring can readily meet the pulsed intensity goals. We explore these parameters, describing the overlap and consider extensions that may take a JPARC-like facility toward this "ultimate" source. JPARC itself could serve as a stage 1 source for such a facility.

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TUPMY014

Muon Acceleration Concepts for Future Neutrino Factory

acceleration, SRF, focusing, cryomodule

1574

S.A. Bogacz
JLab, Newport News, Virgina, USA

Funding: Work supported by the Muon Accelerator Program
Here, we summarize current state of concept for muon acceleration aimed at future Neutrino Factory. The main thrust of these studies was to reduce the overall cost while maintaining performance through exploring interplay between complexity of the cooling systems and the acceptance of the accelerator complex. To ensure adequate survival of the short-lived muons, acceleration must occur at high average gradient. The need for large transverse and longitudinal acceptances drives the design of the acceleration system to initially low RF frequency, e.g. 325 MHz, and then increased to 650 MHz, as the transverse size shrinks with increasing energy. High-gradient normal conducting RF cavities at these frequencies require extremely high peak-power RF sources. Hence superconducting RF (SRF) cavities are chosen. Here, we considered two cost effective schemes for accelerating muon beams for a stagable Neutrino Factory: Exploration of the so-called 'dual-use' linac concept, where the same linac structure is used for acceleration of both H⁻ and muons and alternatively, the SRF efficient design based on multi-pass (4.5) 'dogbone' RLA, extendable to multi-pass FFAG-like arcs.

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TUPMY041

Delivery Status of the ELI-NP Gamma Beam System

gun, solenoid, laser, vacuum

1635

S. Tomassini, D. Alesini, A. Battisti, R. Boni, F. Cioeta, A. Delle Piane, E. Di Pasquale, G. Di Pirro, A. Falone, A. Gallo, S.I. Incremona, V.L. Lollo, A. Mostacci, S. Pioli, R. Ricci, U. Rotundo, A. Stella, C. Vaccarezza, A. Vannozzi, A. Variola
INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy
A. Bacci, D.T. Palmer, L. Serafini
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Milano, Italy
N. Bliss
STFC/DL, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
F. Cardelli
INFN-Roma1, Rome, Italy
K. Cassou, Z.F. Zomer
LAL, Orsay, France
G. D'Auria
Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy
A. Giribono, V. Pettinacci
INFN-Roma, Roma, Italy
C. Hill
STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
L. Palumbo
Rome University La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
L. Piersanti
University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy

The ELI-NP GBS is a high intensity and monochromatic gamma source under construction in Magurele (Romania). The design and construction of the Gamma Beam System complex as well as the integration of the technical plants and the commissioning of the overall facility, was awarded to the Eurogammas Consortium in March 2014. The delivery of the facility has been planned in for 4 stages and the first one was fulfilled in October 31st 2015. The engineering aspects related to the delivery stage 1 are presented.

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TUPOR016

A Multi-GeV Recirculating Proton Linac

proton, cavity, acceleration, operation

1688

J. Qiang
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA

A high power GeV proton linac has many scientific applications. Recirculating RF linac as an efficient accelerator has been used and proposed to accelerate both electron and muon beams. In this paper, we propose using a multi-pass recirculating RF linac to attain a multi-GeV high power proton beam. This linac consists of three types of superconducting RF cavities that accelerate the proton beam multiple times from 150 MeV to final multiple GeV energy. Such a recirculating linac can significantly reduce the number of RF cavities in the accelerator and lower the cost of the facility.

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TUPOR025

Beam Break-up Measurements at the Recirculating Electron Accelerator S-DALINAC

recirculation, HOM, experiment, cavity

1714

T. Kürzeder, M. Arnold, L.E. Jürgensen, J. Pforr, N. Pietralla
TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
F. Hug
IKP, Mainz, Germany

Funding: Supported by the German Federal Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF) under Grant No. 05K13RDA
Beam break-up (BBU) instability is an important limitation to the current which can be accelerated in a superconducting linac. In particular recirculating machines and Energy Recovery Linacs have to deal with that problem. Therefore, it is important to find strategies for increasing the threshold currents of these machines. The superconducting accelerator S-DALINAC at the Technische Universität Darmstadt provides electron beams in c.w. for nuclear physics experiments since 1991. It consists of a 10 MeV injector and a 40 MeV main linac where two and eight 20-cell elliptical 3-GHz cavities are operated in a liquid helium bath at 2 K. Using two recirculation beam lines the main accelerator can be used up to 3 times. Operational experiences have shown that the design-beam current of 20 μA could not be reached. One reason is the occurrence of BBU. We will report on measurements of the threshold current at various energy settings of the S-DALINAC. The results of a first test to increase the BBU limit by using skew quadrupole magnets in the first recirculation beam line will be presented.

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TUPOR026

Final Design and Status of the Third Recirculation for the S-DALINAC*

recirculation, dipole, electron, operation

1717

M. Arnold, T. Kürzeder, N. Pietralla
TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
F. Hug
IKP, Mainz, Germany

Funding: *Work supported by DFG through CRC 634 and RTG 2128
Since 1991 the twice-recirculating superconducting accelerator S-DALINAC is providing electron beams for nuclear physics experiments. Due to a reduced quality factor of its cavities in comparison to their design values it was not possible to operate the accelerator with its maximum design energy of 130 MeV in cw mode. To provide electron beams of this energy in the future it was decided to add one recirculation beam line in order to use the main linac four times, operating the cavities on decreased accelerating gradients. The necessary modifications consist of several different aspects: A new beamline needs to be installed and other pre-existing beam line sections have to be modified for matching new boundary conditions. These new conditions are mainly a result of beam dynamics simulations and of the design of a new separation dipole magnet, which will bend the different beams energy-dependent in the various recirculation beam lines. We will present the implemented design and give a status report on the project.

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TUPOR031

Trapped Ion Effects and Mitigation During High Current Operation in the Cornell DC Photoinjector

ion, radiation, experiment, vacuum

1735

S.J. Full, A.C. Bartnik, I.V. Bazarov, J. Dobbins, B.M. Dunham, G.H. Hoffstaetter
Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA

Funding: U.S. Department of Energy (Grant No. DE-SC0012493), National Science Foundation (Award No. NSF-DMR 0807731)
The Cornell high intensity photoinjector reaches a new regime of linac beam parameters where high continuous-wave electron beam currents lead to ion trapping. Above 10 mA, we have observed beam trips that limit stable machine operation to approximately 10^-15 minutes. By applying known ion clearing methods, the machine lifetime increases to at least 24 hours of continuous operation, suggesting that trapped ions are the most likely cause of the trips. In this paper we share some of our observations ion trapping in the photoinjector, as well as experimental tests of three common ion mitigation methods: clearing electrodes, beam shaking and bunch gaps.

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TUPOW002

Current Status of the Milliampere Booster for the Mainz Energy-recovering Superconducting Accelerator

electron, simulation, experiment, gun

1741

R.G. Heine, K. Aulenbacher, L.M. Hein, C. Matejcek
IKP, Mainz, Germany

Funding: Work supported by German Science Foundation (DFG) under the Cluster of Excellence "PRISMA" EXC1098/2014
The Milliampere Booster (MAMBO) is the injector linac for the Mainz Energy-recovering Superconducting Accelerator MESA. The MESA facility is currently under design at the Institut für Kernphysik (KPH) at Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz (JGU). In this paper we will present the current design status of the linac.

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TUPOW016

Development of a C-Band 4/8 Mev Dual-Energy Accelerator for Cargo Inspection System

gun, cathode, controls, bunching

1775

J.H. Shao, H.B. Chen, W.-H. Huang, Q.X. Jin, Y.H. Liu, J. Shi, C.-X. Tang, X.W. Wu
TUB, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Modern cargo inspection system applies dual-energy X-ray for material discrimination. Based on the com-pact C-band 6 MeV standing-wave accelerating struc-tures developed at Tsinghua University, a compact C-band 4/8 MeV dual-energy accelerator has been pro-posed, fabricated and tested. Compared with that of the conventional S-band 3/6 MeV dual-energy accelera-tor at Tsinghua University, the volume and the weight of the C-band one has been reduced by ~40% and ~30%, respectively. Detailed review of this C-band dual-energy accelerator is present in the paper.

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TUPOW019

Preliminary Concept of Fast Positron Source Based on Photo-injector

positron, electron, target, simulation

1785

Z. Chu, J.G. Guo, Q. Luo, Z.R. Zhou
USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China

Funding: Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (11375178 and 11575181) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, Grant No WK2310000046
Based on the past experience in slow positron beam, researchers at NSRL/USTC proposed a fast positron source for detection of material deep tiny flaws. Different from conventional positron sources used in positron annihilation techniques, the planned positron source will be a positron production linac, similar to positron injectors used in colliders. To compress the positron pulse, the bombarding electron beam comes from a short bunch photo-injector. A computer simulation was performed using EGS4 and PARMELA code. The bombarding electron bunch is 300pC, with an energy of 30MeV. Simulations results showed that it is reasonable to expect a beam of more than 10⁵ positrons per pulse for future positron annihilation studies. Further work is to be done to achieve precise control of beam energy.

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TUPOW021

Beam Dynamics Optimization and Future Plans for LUE-200 Linac Upgrade

simulation, beam-loading, klystron, bunching

1788

S.M. Polozov, T.V. Bondarenko
MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
A.V. Butenko, V. Kobets, A.P. Sumbaev
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia

The IREN facility (Intense Resonance Neutron Source) is now been tested and upgraded in JINR. The linear electron accelerator LUE-200 is used to generate intense fluxes of resonant photo-neutrons. Linac should deliver up to 200 MeV electron beam with 1 A or more current in 100 - 200 ns pulses. It consists of electron source, LEBT including buncher and two main accelerating sections (only one is installed up to now). Test operations shows that beam loading sufficiently influences the output beam parameters and beam energy after first section decreases from planned 55-60 MeV to 35 MeV. The buncher doesn't provide an efficient beam bunching also and beam recapturing by main section due to this is very low. Dynamics of the electron beam for traveling wave S-band linac LUE-200 was studied by numerical simulations. In report results of beam dynamics simulation and optimization taking into account beam loading discuss, parameters for new more effective buncher presents and first results of such buncher development shows.

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TUPOW022

Hybrid Electron Linac With Standing and Travelling Wave Accelerating Sections

focusing, impedance, coupling, electron

1791

S.V. Matsievskiy, A.V. Bulanov, V.I. Kaminskiy, E.A. Savin, N.P. Sobenin
MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
R.Yu. Alekhanov
NRNU, Moscow, Russia

Hybrid electron linacs with standing and travelling wave accelerating sections are not well described in literature. Limited number of studies have shown that application of these systems makes it possible to develop a compact linac with high efficiency and simpler power system. Typically, these systems use well-studied bi-periodical accelerating structure (BAS) cells for a standing wave section and disc-loaded waveguides (DLW) for a traveling wave section. This paper describes the development of such system using DLW cells with magnetic coupling (DLW-M). Here BAS appears as an absorbing load connected to the DLW-M accelerating structure by rectangular waveguide allowing to have theoretical zero reflection at RF input. Such system also provides possibility of plain beam output energy adjustment. Studies of the structure were carried out using equivalent circuits methods and numerical 3D-modeling. Beam dynamics was calculated.

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TUPOW023

New 10 MeV High-power Electron Linac for Industrial Application

coupling, simulation, electron, bunching

1794

S.M. Polozov, D.S. Bazyl, T.V. Bondarenko, M. Gusarova, Yu.D. Kliuchevskaia, M.V. Lalayan, V.I. Rashchikov, E.A. Savin
MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
M.I. Demsky, A.A. Eliseev, V.V. Krotov, D.E. Trifonov
CORAD Ltd., St. Petersburg, Russia
B.S. Han, W.G. Kang, H.G. Park
EB TECH Co. Ltd., Daejeon, Republic of Korea

Joint team of CORAD and MEPhI developed a new industrial accelerating structure for average beam power up to 20 kW and energy range from 7.5 to 10 MeV. The use of modern methods and codes for beam dynamics simulation, raised coupling coefficient and group velocity of SW biperiodic accelerating structure allowed to reach high pulse power utilization and obtain high efficiency. Gentle buncher provides high capturing coefficient and narrow energy spectrum. The first linear accelerator with this structure was constructed and tested in collaboration with the company EB Tech.

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TUPOW024

Compact Standing Wave Electron Linac with the Hybrid Accelerating and Power Generation Cell

coupling, electron, cavity, Windows

1797

E.A. Savin, S.V. Matsievskiy, N.P. Sobenin, I.D. Sokolov
MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
A.A. Zavadtsev
Nano, Moscow, Russia

Compact electron linear accelerators for small energies are now found their place in the industrial market. Such accelerators are used for cancer treatment, cargo inspection, when one needs higher dose that X-ray source can produce, food and medicaments irradiation etc. Acceleration structures themselves are already developed very well, so the most important issue now ' is to make the whole installation with power supply, RF tracts, cooling system ' as smaller as possible to provide the structure mobility. In this article we present the development how to combine a power supply (usually it is a klystron, IOT, magnetron or solid state amplifier) with the accelerating cell itself, that can decrease installation size at least twice. No RF tracts needed, no reflected power will occur, so no circulator needed. Different power input combinations have been studied, but the smallest and the most efficient one has been manufactured for cold tests at S-band frequency range. In this structure it is very easy to vary accelerating voltage simply changing the generator beam current or the generator beam accelerating voltage.

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TUPOW025

First Beam Test of the High Brightness Photo-injector at NSRRC

laser, gun, electron, cathode

1800

A.P. Lee, M.C. Chou, N.Y. Huang, J.-Y. Hwang, W.K. Lau, C.C. Liang, M.T. Tsou
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
P. Wang
NTHU, Hsinchu, Taiwan

A High brightness injector at NSRRC is built for a VUV/THz free electron laser (FEL) facility and light source R&D. This injector with a photocathode rf gun with a solenoid for emittance compensation, a UV laser system, a 5.2 m S-band linac as well as various beam diagnostic tools has been installed in the linac test laboratory. The main goal is to produce beams with emittance smaller than 1 mm-mrad at energy of ~100 MeV. The other goal is to compress bunches to ~100 fs with charge of 100 pc and energy of ~30 MeV. In this contribution, an overview of the commissioning results of the photocathode rf gun and the laser system will be given. The first beam observation downstream the lianc will be presented in this paper.

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TUPOW026

Optimization of Electron Beam Properties for Generation of Coherent THz Undulator Radiation at PBP-CMU Linac Laboratory

radiation, undulator, electron, emittance

1803

N. Chaisueb, S. Rimjaem, J. Saisut, C. Thongbai
Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand

Funding: This work has been supported by the CMU Junior Research Fellowship Program, the Department of Physics and Material Science, Chiang Mai University, and the Science Achievement Scholarship of Thailand.
Relativistic femtosecond electron bunches produced from the linear accelerator at the Plasma and Beam (PBP) Physics Research Facility are currently used to generate THz radiation via transition radiation. An upgrade to increase the intensity of the THz radiation by using a coherent undulator radiation method is conducted. Optimizations, measurements and analysis of the electron beam properties, which include current, energy and energy spread as well as electron bunch length, are performed to investigate the capability of electron beam production from the current accelerator system. This is also to estimate the possibility to produce the coherent undulator radiation of the PBP-CMU linac. Expected characteristics of the coherent undulator radiation are studied and reported in this contribution.
The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support to participate this conference by the Department of Physics and Material Science and the Graduate School, Chiang Mai University.

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TUPOW029

Transverse Cavity Tuning at the Advanced Photon Source

cavity, dipole, gun, LabView

1814

G.J. Waldschmidt, L.H. Morrison, T.L. Smith
ANL, Argonne, Ilinois, USA

A 15-cell transverse deflecting cavity based on a SLAC design was fabricated at the Advanced Photon Source and is being prepared for installation into the Injector Test Stand. A beadpull method for tuning was selected in lieu of the nodal position method to minimize the possibility of contamination and surface damage to the irises. The process has been successfully documented for many accelerating mode structures, but there has been limited application to dipole mode structures. In this paper, we will discuss the methodology for tuning and conditioning a 2.8 GHz backward-traveling wave deflecting cavity.

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TUPOW030

A CW Normal Conducting RF Cavity for Fast Chirp Control in the LCLS-II

cavity, controls, FEL, wakefield

1817

M.H. Nasr, P. Emma, S.G. Tantawi
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA

The LCLS-II is a high repetition-rate Free-Electron Laser (FEL) facility under construction at SLAC. A new 4-GeV continuous wave (CW) superconducting (SC) L-band linac is being built to provide an electron bunch rate of up to 1 MHz, with bunches rapidly switched between two FEL undulators. It is desirable to provide peak current (i.e., pulse length) control in each FEL independently by varying the RF phase (chirp) prior to the first bunch compressor. However, the high-Q, SCRF, with its 1-ms fill-time, cannot be changed within one bunch spacing (1 us). So to provide a small chirp adjustment from bunch to bunch, we propose a short CW copper RF accelerating cavity, located just after the injector, with < 250-ns fill-time designed to adjust the beam chirp at zero-crossing phase. We examined RF cavity designs spanning RF frequencies from L-band to X-band. We considered both SW and TW structures. We found an optimal solution with 2 cm iris diameter, SW RF cavity, operating at C-band with input power of only 10 kW. If one can afford to operate with smaller diameter, from a wakefield point of view, then similar structure at X-band may require only 500 W with 5 mm iris diameter.

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TUPOW032

Modelling of the Short Bunch Optics for BERLinPro

emittance, simulation, space-charge, booster

1820

A. Ginter, A.N. Matveenko
HZB, Berlin, Germany

The Energy Recovery Linac principle allows compressing electron bunches to lengths at least two orders of magnitude shorter compared to storage rings. At BERLinPro bunch compression and decompression can be done in two stages in the injector and main arcs. Starting with different bunch lengths from the gun the distribution of compression between these two stages is subject to optimization. Simulations show that the length and shape of the bunch in the injector and before the linac are the limiting factors for minimal bunch length. Injector simulations have to consider space charge effects, whereas CSR effects are limiting compression in the arcs. The strength of these effects and optimal compression ratios changes with different bunch charges. Optimization and simulation tools have to be chosen according to the energy regime and dominant collective effects. Current status of injector optimization and effect on the compressed bunch are presented.

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TUPOW033

Status of the BERLinPro Main Linac Module

cavity, HOM, simulation, wakefield

1823

H.-W. Glock, A. Frahm, J. Knobloch, A. Neumann
HZB, Berlin, Germany

Funding: Work supported by German Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, Land Berlin, and grants of the Helmholtz Association
Beam operation of the BERLinPro energy recovery linac project, whose construction is under way, will initially start using the photoinjector and booster modules. In a second step the recirculation beam line and the main linac module will be added. Here the current design status of the main linac module is described. Results of wake field simulations are compared for different set ups. We also report on the manufacturing aspects including the design of the waveguide groups needed for HOM damping and the choice of flange-gasket-pairings appropriate for rectangular waveguides. Also mechanical considerations are included.

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TUPOW034

Status Report of the Berlin Energy Recovery Linac Project BERLinPro

gun, SRF, cavity, vacuum

1827

M. Abo-Bakr, W. Anders, K.B. Bürkmann-Gehrlein, A.B. Büchel, P. Echevarria, A. Frahm, H.-W. Glock, F. Glöckner, F. Göbel, B.D.S. Hall, S. Heling, H.-G. Hoberg, A. Jankowiak, C. Kalus, T. Kamps, G. Klemz, J. Knobloch, J. Kolbe, G. Kourkafas, J. Kühn, B.C. Kuske, P. Kuske, J. Kuszynski, D. Malyutin, A.N. Matveenko, M. McAteer, A. Meseck, C.J. Metzger-Kraus, R. Müller, A. Neumann, N. Ohm, K. Ott, E. Panofski, F. Pflocksch, J. Rahn, J. Rudolph, M. Schmeißer, O. Schüler, M. Schuster, J. Ullrich, A. Ushakov, J. Völker
HZB, Berlin, Germany

Funding: Work supported by the German Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, Land Berlin and grants of Helmholtz Association
The Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin is constructing the Energy Recovery Linac Prototype BERLinPro at the Berlin Adlershof site. The project is intended to expand the required accelerator physics and technology knowledge mandatory for the design, construction and operation of future synchrotron light sources. The project goal is the generation of a high current (100 mA), high brilliance (norm. emittance below 1 mm mrad) cw electron beam. We report on the project progress: since spring 2015 the building is under construction, ready for occupancy in January 2017. The planning phase for the first project stage is completed for the warm machine parts, the SRF gun and partly for the SRF booster. Most of the components have been ordered and are in fabrication with some already delivered. An update of the status of the various subprojects as well as a summary of future activities will be given. Project milestones and details of the timeline will be reviewed.

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TUPOW035

First LLRF Tests of BERLinPro Gun Cavity Prototype

cavity, gun, controls, cathode

1831

P. Echevarria, J. Knobloch, O. Kugeler, A. Neumann, A. Ushakov
HZB, Berlin, Germany
K.P. Przygoda
DESY, Hamburg, Germany

The goal of Berlin Energy Recovery Linac Project (BERLinPro) is the generation of a 50 MeV, 100-mA low emittance (below 1 mm mrad) CW electron beam at 2 ps rms bunch duration or below. Three different types of 1.3 GHz SRF modules will be employed: the electron gun, the booster and the main linac. Precise RF amplitude and phase control are needed due to the beam recovery pro-cess. In this paper we describe the first tests of the Low Level RF control of the first injector prototype at the HoBiCaT facility, implemented in the digital VME-based LLRF controller developed by Cornell University. Tuner movement control by an mTCA.4 system, together with further plans of using this technology will be also presented.

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TUPOW036

Recent Developments and Operational Status of the Compact ERL at KEK

operation, emittance, laser, gun

1835

T. Obina, M. Adachi, S. Adachi, T. Akagi, M. Akemoto, D.A. Arakawa, S. Araki, S. Asaoka, M. Egi, K. Enami, K. Endo, S. Fukuda, T. Furuya, K. Haga, K. Hara, K. Harada, T. Honda, Y. Honda, H. Honma, T. Honma, K. Hosoyama, K. Hozumi, A. Ishii, X.J. Jin, E. Kako, Y. Kamiya, H. Katagiri, R. Kato, H. Kawata, Y. Kobayashi, Y. Kojima, Y. Kondo, T. Konomi, A. Kosuge, T. Kume, T. Matsumoto, H. Matsumura, H. Matsushita, S. Michizono, T. Miura, T. Miyajima, H. Miyauchi, S. Nagahashi, H. Nakai, H. Nakajima, N. Nakamura, K. Nakanishi, K. Nakao, K.N. Nigorikawa, T. Nogami, S. Noguchi, S. Nozawa, T. Ozaki, F. Qiu, H. Sagehashi, H. Sakai, S. Sakanaka, S. Sasaki, K. Satoh, Y. Seimiya, T. Shidara, M. Shimada, K. Shinoe, T. Shioya, T. Shishido, M. Tadano, T. Tahara, T. Takahashi, R. Takai, H. Takaki, T. Takenaka, O. Tanaka, Y. Tanimoto, N. Terunuma, M. Tobiyama, K. Tsuchiya, T. Uchiyama, A. Ueda, K. Umemori, J. Urakawa, K. Watanabe, M. Yamamoto, N. Yamamoto, Y. Yamamoto, Y. Yano, M. Yoshida
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
R. Hajima, M. Mori, R. Nagai, N. Nishimori, M. Sawamura, T. Shizuma
QST, Tokai, Japan
M. Kuriki
Hiroshima University, Graduate School of Science, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan

The Compact Energy Recovery Linac (cERL) at KEK is a test accelerator in order to develop key components to realize remarkable ERL performance as a future light source. After the beam commissioning in December 2013, the legal current limit has been increased step-by-step like 1 uA, 10 uA, and 100 uA. Survey for the source of beam losses has been conducted in each step, and the study on beam dynamics and tuning has also been carried out. As a next step, 1 mA operation is scheduled in February 2016. In parallel to the increase in beam current, a laser Compton scattering (LCS) system which can provide high-flux X-ray to a beamline has been successfully commissioned. We report recent progress in various kinds of beam tuning: improvement of electron gun performance, high bunch charge operation, mitigation of beam losses, LCS optics tuning and bunch compression for THz radiation.

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TUPOW041

Optimization Studies for the Beam Dynamic in the RF Linac of the ELI-NP Gamma Beam System

electron, laser, photon, emittance

1850

C. Vaccarezza, D. Alesini, M. Bellaveglia, M.E. Biagini, G. Di Pirro, A. Gallo, A. Ghigo, S. Guiducci, A. Vannozzi, A. Variola
INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy
A. Bacci, I. Drebot, D.T. Palmer, A.R. Rossi, L. Serafini
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Milano, Italy
G. Campogiani
Rome University La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
A. Giribono, A. Mostacci, L. Palumbo
University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
V. Petrillo
Universita' degli Studi di Milano & INFN, Milano, Italy
L. Sabbatini
Consorzio Laboratorio Nicola Cabibbo, Frascati, Italy

The ELI-NP GBS is an high spectral density and monochromatic gamma ray source based upon the inverse Compton scattering effect now under construction in Magurele. Its relevant specifications are brilliance higher than 10²¹, 0.5% monochromaticity and a 0.2-19.5 MeV energy tunability. Strong requirements are set for the electron beam dynamic: the control of both the transverse normalized emittance and the energy spread to optimize the spectral density and guarantee the mono chromaticity of the emitted radiation. On this basis the RF Linac optimization has been performed for the designed energy range; a sensitivity analysis of the machine to possible jitters, errors and so on has been also performed, the simulations results hare here presented.

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TUPOW043

Electron Beam Dynamics Studies for ELI-NP GBS Linac

electron, operation, beam-loading, photon

1857

A. Giribono, F. Cardelli, L. Palumbo, L. Piersanti
University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
D. Alesini, A. Gallo, C. Vaccarezza, A. Vannozzi
INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy
A. Bacci, C. Curatolo, I. Drebot, V. Petrillo, A.R. Rossi, L. Serafini
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Milano, Italy
G. Campogiani
Rome University La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
F. Cardelli, L. Piersanti
INFN-Roma1, Rome, Italy
L. Palumbo
INFN-Roma, Roma, Italy

The ELI-NP Gamma Beam System is an advanced gamma ray source based on the Compton back-scattering effect with unprecedented specifications of brilliance ( >10²¹), monochromaticity (0.5%) and energy tunability (0.2 - 19.5 MeV), presently under construction in Magurele-Bucharest (RO). Here the head-on collision is foreseen between an intense high power laser beam and a high brightness high quality electron beam with a maximum kinetic energy of 740 MeV. The electron beam dynamics analysis and control for the ELI-NP GBS Linac in the single and multi bunch mode have been investigated and are here illustrated.

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TUPOY007

Development of a Compact X-Band Electron Linac for Production of Mo-99/Tc-99m

electron, beam-loading, simulation, klystron

1917

J. Jang
The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
M. Uesaka
The University of Tokyo, Nuclear Professional School, Ibaraki-ken, Japan
M. Yamamoto
Accuthera Inc., Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan

In response to the need of alternatives to the exhausted research reactors supplying Mo-99/Tc-99m, we are developing a compact X-band electron linear accelerator (linac). As an initial step, beam dynamics simulations were performed and electron beams of 35 MeV and 9.1 kW were obtained. We expect that sixteen linacs having these beam parameters can cover the demand of Tc-99m radiopharmaceuticals in Japan. On the other hand, we found that the combination of X-band RF and high beam power can give rise to instability of beam loading. We will therefore adjust and optimize the beam power while keeping Mo-99 production efficiency as high as possible.

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TUPOY008

Design of a Radiotherapy Machine using the 6 MeV C-Band Standing-Wave Accelerator

electron, radiation, vacuum, controls

1921

H. Lim, D.H. Jeong, M.W. Lee, M.J. Lee, S.W. Shin, J. Yi
Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Busan, Republic of Korea

The majority of the radiotherapy are performed with linacs producing a uniformly intense electron-beam or X-ray beam of different energies. The linacs have the strong attraction of compactness, efficiency, reliability, moderate cost, and well-known technology. We developed and constructed the 6 MeV C-band linac which consists of a thermionic electron gun, a standing-wave accelerating column with the length of 450 mm, a 2.5 MW magnetron, a beam transport system, a beam collimation and monitoring system, and auxiliary systems of vacuum system, water cooling system etc. For the medical application, the gantry system is required to be rotated around the patient and to deliver the beam to the tumor from the linac. We design the gantry mounting our developed C-band linac isocentrically. In addition, the beam bending system and beam collimation are discussed to optimize the gantry space and to improve the beam performance. In this paper, we describe the designed radiotherapy machine including the gantry, a treatment couch and a control console, and present the study results.

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TUPOY010

6/9 MeV S-band Standing Wave Accelerating Structure for Container X-ray Inspection System at RTX

electron, cavity, gun, radiation

1924

P. Buaphad, H.D. Park, S. Song, S.Y. Yoo
RTX, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
H.K. Cha, S.S. Cha, J.H. Ha, Y. Kim, B.C. Lee
KAERI, Daejon, Republic of Korea

Recently, there is a need of X-ray inspection system around the world to combat terrorism, drug and weapons smuggling, illegal immigration, and trade fraud. A compact standing wave (SW) linear accelerator (linac) for container X-ray inspection system has been produced at Radiation Technology eXcellence (RTX) to meet this growing need. The RF accelerating structure uses standing wave side-coupled structure fed by a 5 MW e2v magnetron with frequency of 2856 MHz. The electrons are accelerated from DC gun with energy of 25 keV to the final energy of 6 or 9 MeV at the X-ray target and generate X-ray with the dose rate of 8 Gy/min at 1 m after X-ray target. In this paper, we describe the design and optimization of side-coupled RF structure operating at π/2 mode. The beam dynamic of particle along the RF structure is also included in this paper by using ASTRA code.

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TUPOY015

Design of Electron Gun and S-Band Structure for Medical Electron Linear Accelerator

electron, gun, cavity, cathode

1930

N. Juntong, R. Chimchang
SLRI, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
S. Rimjaem, C. Saisa-ard
Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand

Linear accelerator technology has been widely utilized for cancer treatment in hospital. This radiotherapy utilizes an accelerated electron beam to create the x-ray beam. The idea to fabricate the prototype of medical electron linac with low cost for domestic use in Thailand was proposed and the budget has been granted. In the first phase, the electron beam energy of the machine will be 6 MeV or equivalent to x-ray energy of 6 MV. The electron gun is a diode type for the simple and low cost fabrication. The design and simulation study of diode gun will be presented together with an analysis of an electron beam in this gun. The S-Band 6 MeV side-coupled RF cavity has been designed to be the accelerating structure of the machine. The electromagnetic fields of the structure have been studied. The electron behaviour when they traverse this cavity will be studied using a particle tracking code. Progression of the project is also presented.

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TUPOY016

The Optimized X-ray Target of Electron Linear Accelerator for Radiotherapy

target, electron, simulation, detector

1933

N. Juntong, K. Pharaphan
SLRI, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand

The x-ray target in medical electron linear accelerator is an important part in the production of x-ray photon beam. X-ray dose rate is depended on materials and thickness of the target. For the low cost 6 MeV prototype of medical linac in Thailand, this study gives the optimized x-ray target in which the dose rate can be maximized. MCNP simulations were performed during an optimization for a high x-ray dose rate at 1 meter away from the target. Progression of the project is also presented.

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TUPOY025

ProBE - Proton Boosting Extension for Imaging and Therapy

proton, cavity, quadrupole, accelerating-gradient

1963

R. Apsimon, G. Burt, S. Pitman
Cockcroft Institute, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
H.L. Owen
UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom

Conventional proton cyclotrons are practically limited by relativistic effects to energies around 250 MeV, sufficient to conduct proton therapy of adults but not for full-body proton tomography. We present an adaptation of the cyclinac scheme for proton imaging, in which a c.250 MeV cyclotron used for treatment feeds a linac that delivers a lower imaging current at up to 350 MeV. Our ProBE cavity design envisages a gradient sufficient to obtain 100 MeV acceleration in 3 metres after focusing is included, suitable for inclusion in the layouts of existing proton therapy centres such as the UK centre under construction at Christie Hospital. In this paper, we present the results of design studies on the linac optics and RF cavity parameters. We detail particle transmission studies and tracking simulation studies.

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TUPOY039

Studies on Electron Linear Accelerator System for Polymer Research

electron, coupling, radiation, plasma

1985

E. Kongmon
IST, Chiang Mai, Thailand
N. Kangrang
Chiang Mai University, PBP Research Facility, Chiang Mai, Thailand
S. Rimjaem, J. Saisut, C. Thongbai
Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
P. Wichaisirimongkol
Chiang Mai University, Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai, Thailand

This research focuses on modification of an elec-tron linear accelerator system for irradiation of natural rubber latex and polymeric materials at the Plasma and Beam Physics Research Facility, Chiang Mai Universi-ty, Thailand. This is in order to study the change of material properties due to electron beam irradiation. The main accelerator system consists of a DC thermi-onic electron gun and a short standing-wave linac. This system will be able to produce electron beams with variable energy in the range of 0.5 to 4 MeV. The linac macro pulse frequency is adjustable within the range of 20 to 1000 Hz. The macro pulse duration is 4 μs. The electron pulse current can be varied from 10 to 100 mA. This lead to the electron dose of about 0.44 to 4.4 Gy-m2/min. In this paper, overview of the accelera-tor and the irradiation system is presented. Results of low-level RF measurements of the accelerating struc-ture are also reported and discussed.
This work has been supported by the CMU Junior Research Fellowship Program, the Department of Physics and Material Science, Faculty of science, Chiang Mai University.

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TUPOY041

A Metal-Dielectric Micro-Linac for Radiography Source Replacement

focusing, electron, vacuum, coupling

1992

A.V. Smirnov, S. Boucher, S.V. Kutsaev
RadiaBeam Systems, Santa Monica, California, USA
R.B. Agustsson, R.D.B. Berry, J.J. Hartzell, J. McNevin, A.Y. Murokh
RadiaBeam, Santa Monica, California, USA
G. Leyh
LOD, Brisbane, USA
E.A. Savin
MEPhI, Moscow, Russia

Funding: * US Department of Energy Contract # DE-SC0011370
To improve public security and prevent the diversion of radioactive material for Radiation Dispersion Devices, RadiaBeam is developing an inexpensive, portable, easy-to-manufacture linac structure to allow effective capture of a ~13 keV electron beam injected from a conventional electron gun and acceleration to a final energy of ~ 1 MeV. The bremsstrahlung X-rays produced by the electron beam on a high-Z converter at the end of the linac will match the penetration and dose rate of a typical ~100 Ci or more Ir-192 source. The tubular Disk-and-Ring structure under development consists of metal and dielectric elements that reduce or even eliminate multi-cell, multi-step brazing. This may allow significant simplification of the fabrication process to enable inexpensive mass-production required for replacement of the ~55,000 radionuclide sources in the US

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TUPOY044

Energy Efficiency of High Power Accelerators for ADS Applications

neutron, klystron, proton, cyclotron

2001

M. Haj Tahar, F. Méot, S. Peggs
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
One important issue identified by the 2014 comprehensive nuclear fuel cycle Evaluation & Screening report* that was chartered by the US Department of Energy was the impact of the electricity required to operate the accelerator on the overall efficiency of an Accelerator Driven System (ADS).The objective of this paper is to contribute some understanding regarding that issue. Then, by looking at several options of existing and projected accelerator technologies for ADS, we evaluate the impact of the technology choice on the efficiency of a conventional ADS facility, in view of investigating the limitations and where there is room for improvement.
* R. Wigeland et al, Nuclear fuel cycle evaluation and screening'final report: Appendix B, Comprehensive set of fuel cycle options. Idaho National Laboratory Technical Report INL/EXT-14-31465 (2014).

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TUPOY047

Development of a Non-destructive Inspection System for Industrial and Societal Infrastructures with 950 keV/3.95 MeV Portable X-band Linac-based X-ray

experiment, site, radiation, distributed

2011

R. Yano
The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
J. Kusano
Accuthera Inc., Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
M. Uesaka
The University of Tokyo, Nuclear Professional School, Ibaraki-ken, Japan

Advanced maintenance for aging industrial and societal infrastructures such as chemical plant and bridge are strongly needed recently. For the purpose, we are developing, applying and upgrading the 950 keV/3.95 MeV X-band linac X-ray sources for the on-site inspection. Less than 1 MeV accelerators are available for on-site inspection and less than 3.95 MeV accelerators are allowable for only bridge on-site inspection. These systems can visualize in seconds inner states of infrastructures, such as crack of concrete, iron-reinforced rod/wire and other imperfections. By using the 950 keV system, we conducted the first inspection of the real bridge and evaluated degradation of pre-stressed concrete wires. We also demonstrated first on-site use of the 3.95 MeV system in Japan in 2015. We are also performing structural analysis to evaluate the degradation of strength. For more precise evaluation, we are going to carry out a partial angle CT to reconstruct a two-dimensional inner structure. We are going to present the results and strategy of degradation evaluation of the industrial and societal infrastructures by the 950 keV / 3.95 MeV X-ray sources.

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WEYA01

Beam Physics and Technical Challenges of the FRIB Driver Linac

solenoid, ion, focusing, cavity

2039

Y. Yamazaki, H. Ao, N.K. Bultman, F. Casagrande, C. Compton, K.D. Davidson, A. Facco, F. Feyzi, P.E. Gibson, T. Glasmacher, Z.Q. He, L.T. Hoff, K. Holland, M. Ikegami, S.M. Lidia, Z. Liu, G. Machicoane, F. Marti, S.J. Miller, D. Morris, J. Popielarski, L. Popielarski, G. Pozdeyev, T. Russo, K. Saito, S. Shanab, G. Shen, S. Stark, H. Tatsumoto, R.C. Webber, J. Wei, T. Xu, Y. Zhang, Q. Zhao, Z. Zheng
FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
K. Dixon, V. Ganni
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
A. Facco
INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy
K. Hosoyama, M. Masuzawa, K. Tsuchiya
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
M.P. Kelly, P.N. Ostroumov
ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA
R.E. Laxdal
TRIUMF, Canada's National Laboratory for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Vancouver, Canada

Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science under Cooperative Agreement DE-SC0000661.
The FRIB driver linac accelerates all the stable ion beams including uranium over 200 MeV/u with a CW beam power of 400 kW in order to produce isotopes as rare as possible. Except for 0.5 MeV/u RFQ, the linac is making use of superconducting (SC) RF technology. The beam power, which is an order of 2.5 as high as those of existing SC heavy ion linac, gives rise to many technical challenges as well as beam physics related ones. In particular, the uranium beam loss power density is approximately 30 times as high as the proton one with the same beam energy per nucleon and the same beam power. For this reason, the machine protection system needs a special care. Another example of the technical challenges is to install beam focusing solenoid as close as possible to SC cavities in order to ensure the frequent beam focusing both longitudinally and transversely. The talk reviews all these challenges with development results of their mitigation as well as construction status.

Slides WEYA01 [16.820 MB]

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WEOBA01

Beam Commissioning of the HIE-ISOLDE Post-Accelerator

diagnostics, detector, cryomodule, rfq

2045

J.A. Rodriguez, W. Andreazza, J.M. Bibby, N. Bidault, E. Bravin, J.C. Broere, E.D. Cantero, R. Catherall, V. Cobham, M. Elias, E. Fadakis, P. Fernier, M.A. Fraser, F. Gerigk, K. Hanke, Y. Kadi, M.L. Lozano Benito, E. Matli, S. Sadovich, E. Siesling, D. Valuch, W. Venturini Delsolaro, F.J.C. Wenander, P. Zhang
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Phase 1a of the High Intensity and Energy ISOLDE (HIE-ISOLDE) project* was completed in 2015. The first cryomodule and two High Energy Beam Transfer lines (HEBT) were installed. In addition, many of the subsystems of the normal conducting part of the post-accelerator (REX) were renovated or refurbished. Following the hardware commissioning of the different system** and, in preparation for the start of the physics program, many tests and measurements were conducted as part of the beam commissioning program. The results of these tests and the plan for the next beam commissioning campaign are discussed in this paper.
* Y. Kadi et al., "The HIE-ISOLDE Project", Journal of Physics: Conference Series 312.
** W. Venturini et al., "HIE-ISOLDE First Commissioning Experience", IPAC'16

Slides WEOBA01 [1.437 MB]

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WEIB03

Technology Transfer and Research Projects

SRF, TRIUMF, cryomodule, detector

2109

R.E. Laxdal
TRIUMF, Canada's National Laboratory for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Vancouver, Canada

The funding scenario seems to improve based on the capability of a laboratory to generate technology that can be transferred to industry, in particular if the technology is of public interest. New research projects may benefit if the technology transfer is considered as an integral part of the project itself. The drawback could be that revenue generated by a successful technology transfer may give the impression that research projects only provide societal benefit by direct transfer through closed protocols. This paper provides an overview of different technology transfer projects worldwide and how different laboratories are dealing with the issue.

Slides WEIB03 [28.369 MB]

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WEIB06

Industry Role for Advanced Accelerator R&D

emittance, cavity, solenoid, plasma

2114

R.P. Johnson
Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA

Besides large research institutes which typically focus on fundamental research, industrial companies can also contribute to the development of advanced applications of accelerators as well as to fundamental accelerator technology. The funding of advanced or fundamental R&D, which is usually high-risk but potentially high-reward, is difficult to obtain for any organization, especially smaller industrial companies. As an example of one funding approach, I discuss the role of industrial companies in the field of accelerators and present several examples from my own experience of advanced R&D performed by industry under the United States Department of Energy Small Business Innovation and Small Business Technology Transfer Research (SBIR-STTR) Grant programs.

Slides WEIB06 [6.226 MB]

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WEPMB003

Design of the HWR Cavities for SARAF

cavity, cryomodule, pick-up, simulation

2119

G. Ferrand, L. Boudjaoui, D. Chirpaz-Cerbat, P. Hardy, F. Leseigneur, C. Madec, N. Misiara, N. Pichoff
CEA/IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France

CEA is committed to delivering a Medium Energy Beam Transfer line and a superconducting linac (SCL) for SARAF accelerator in order to accelerate 5mA beam of either protons from 1.3 MeV to 35 MeV or deuterons from 2.6 MeV to 40 MeV. The SCL consists in 4 cryomodules. The first two identical cryomodules host 6 half-wave resonator (HWR) low beta cavities (β = 0.09) at 176 MHz. The last two identical cryomodule will host 7 HWR high-beta cavities (β = 0.18) at 176 MHz. Low-beta and high beta cavities have been optimized to limit electric and magnetic peak fields in the cavity, and to minimize the dissipated power. Manufacturing constraints and helium cooling were taken into consideration to minimize the risk during manufacturing and operation. Preliminary mechanical studies of the cavity and of the tuning system, as well as preliminary studies of the couplers and pick-up antennas were carried out. This work will be presented in this poster.

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WEPMB008

ESS DTL Mechanical Design and Prototyping.

DTL, simulation, vacuum, dipole

2131

P. Mereu, M. Mezzano
INFN-Torino, Torino, Italy
D. Castronovo, R. Visintini
Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy
F. Grespan, A. Pisent, M. Poggi, C. R. Roncolato
INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy

The Drift Tube Linac (DTL) of the European Spallation Source (ESS) is designed to operate at 352.2 MHz with a duty cycle of 4% (3 ms pulse length, 14 Hz repetition period) and will accelerate a proton beam of 62.5 mA pulse peak current from 3.62 to 90 MeV. In this paper the DTL mechanical design and simulations are presented, together with the results obtained from the prototypes of three drift tubes, equipped respectively with Permanent Magnet Quadrupole, Steerer and Beam Position Monitor.

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WEPMB025

Fabrication of Superconducting Spoke Cavity for Laser Compton Scattered Photon Sources

cavity, laser, photon, simulation

2177

M. Sawamura, R. Hajima
QST, Tokai, Japan
H. Hokonohara, Y. Iwashita, H. Tongu
Kyoto ICR, Uji, Kyoto, Japan
T. Kubo, T. Saeki
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

Funding: The work is supported by Photon and Quantum Basic Research Coordinated Development Program from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan.
We have launched a 5-year research program to develop superconducting spoke cavity for laser Compton scattered (LCS) photon sources. For realizing a wide use of LCS X-ray and γ-ray sources in academic and industrial applications, we adopt the super-conducting spoke cavity to electron beam drivers. The spoke cavity has advantages such as relative compactness in comparison with an elliptical cavity of the same frequency, robustness with respect to manufacturing inaccuracy due to its strong cell-to-cell coupling, the better packing in a linac to install couplers on outer conductor. On the other hand the spoke cavity has disadvantage of more complicated structure than an elliptical cavity. Though our proposal design for the photon source consists of the 325 MHz spoke cavities in 4K operation, we have begun to fabricate the half scale model of 650 MHz spoke cavity in order to accumulate our cavity production experience by effective utilization of our limited resources. In this paper, we present our fabrication status.

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WEPMB030

Design Study of a Compact Deflecting Cavity at IHEP

cavity, dipole, controls, simulation

2188

J.P. Dai, B. Ni, J.Y. Zhai, J.R. Zhang
IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China

For the XFEL project proposed by IHEP, a sophisticated beam spreader is required to separate a single beam into multiple beams. One of the deflecting cavities used in the spreader has been investigated and optimized. It is a 325 MHz, compact RF-dipole superconducting cavity, with the transverse R/Q of 2900Ω, geometrical factor G of 88.5 Ω, and the Helium pressure sensitivity df/dp of 3.4 Hz/mbar. At the nominal deflecting voltage of 7MV, the peak electric field Epeak is 41 MV/m and peak magnetic field Bpeak is 48 mT. This paper will present the detailed RF and mechanical designs.

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WEPMB031

Post Processing of Spoke Type Superconducting Cavities at Institute of High Energy Physics

cavity, proton, target, SRF

2191

J. Dai, J.P. Dai, F.S. He, X. Huang, L.H. Li, Z.Q. Li, H.Y. Lin, Z.C. Liu, B. Ni, W.M. Pan, P. Sha, G.W. Wang, Q.Y. Wang, Z. Xue, X.Y. Zhang, G.Y. Zhao
IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Funding: Work supported by Chinese Academy of Science strategic Priority Research Program-Future Advanced Nuclear Fission Energy.
After upgrading the post-processing system, several superconducting cavities were RF tested at Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP) in China recently. The test results of 14 spoke 012 cavities and 6 spoke 021 cavities which used at China ADS injector I and linac all exceeds our design objective. Moreover, a spoke 040, a 650MHz elliptical cavity and a 325MHz HWR cavity are also vertical tested and the test results are all significantly surpass our design value. The post processing of these cavities including Buffered Chemical Polishing (BCP), high temperature heat treatment and High Pressure water Rinsing (HPR) is presented here.
daijin@pku.edu.cn

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WEPMR004

Cryomdoule Test Stand Reduced-Magnetic Support Design at Fermilab

cryomodule, cavity, SRF, vacuum

2262

M.W. McGee, S.K. Chandrasekaran, A.C. Crawford, E.R. Harms, J.R. Leibfritz, G. Wu
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

Funding: Operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC, under Contract No. DE-AC02- 07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy
In a partnership with SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC) and Jefferson Lab, Fermilab will assemble and test 17 of the 35 total 1.3 GHz cryomodules for the Linac Coherent Light Source II (LCLS-II) Project. These devices will be tested at Fermilab's Cryomodule Test Facility (CMTF) within the Cryomodule Test Stand (CMTS-1) cave. The problem of magnetic pollution became one of major issues during design stage of the LCLS-II cryomodule as the average quality factor of the accelerating cavities is specified to be 2.7 x 10¹⁰. One of the possible ways to mitigate the effect of stray magnetic fields and to keep it below the goal of 5 mGauss involves the application of low permeable materials. Initial permeability and magnetic measurement studies regarding the use of 316L stainless steel material indicated that cold work (machining) and heat affected zones from welding would be acceptable.

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WEPMR011

Simulations and Experimental Studies of Third Harmonic 3.9 Ghz CW Couplers for LCLS-II Project

cavity, operation, simulation, cryomodule

2280

N. Solyak, I.V. Gonin, E.R. Harms, S. Kazakov, T.N. Khabiboulline, A. Lunin
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

LCLS-II linac is based on SRF technology developed for the XFEL project. The XFEL 3rd harmonic system built by INFN is based on the original designs of cavity and power coupler developed and built by Fermilab for the FLASH facility at DESY. For LCLS-II application both designs of the 3.9 GHz cavity and the power coupler have been modified for an operation in the continuous wave regime up to 2 kW average RF power. In this paper we discuss coupler modifications and the result multiphysics analysis for various operating regimes. For the initial test of a proposed design, we decided to modify two spare warm sections of power couplers, built for the FLASH facility, by shortening both of two inner bellows and making a thicker copper plating. Modification of the existing coupler test stand and the test program are briefly discussed in this paper.

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WEPMR012

Misalignment Studies of LCLS-II SC Linac

emittance, network, alignment, cryomodule

2283

A. Saini, N. Solyak, V.P. Yakovlev
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
T.O. Raubenheimer
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA

The Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) is an x-ray free electron laser facility. The proposed upgrade of the LCLS facility is based on construction of a 4 GeV superconducting (SC) linear accelerator (linac). An optimal reliable performance of the linac is largely determined by beam sensitivity to various component alignment errors. In this paper we evaluate misalignment tolerances of LCLSII SC linac using a more realistic alignment model that includes correlated misalignment of elements.

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WEPMR020

First Cool-down of the Cornell ERL Main Linac Cryo-Module

cavity, cryomodule, HOM, vacuum

2305

R.G. Eichhorn, J.V. Conway, F. Furuta, G.M. Ge, D. Gonnella, T. Gruber, G.H. Hoffstaetter, J.J. Kaufman, M. Liepe, T.I. O'Connell, P. Quigley, D.M. Sabol, J. Sears, E.N. Smith, V. Veshcherevich
Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA

Cornell University has finished building a 10 m long superconducting accelerator module as a prototype of the main linac of a proposed ERL facility. This module houses 6 superconducting cavities- operated at 1.8 K in continuous wave (CW) mode with a design field of 16 MV/m and a Quality factor of 2x10¹⁰. We wil shortly review the design and focus on reporting on the first cool-down of this module. We will giving data for various cool-down scenarios (fast/ slow), uniformity and performance

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WEPMR021

HOM Measurements for Cornell's High-current CW ERL Cryomodule

HOM, cavity, cryomodule, simulation

2309

F. Furuta, R.G. Eichhorn, G.M. Ge, D. Gonnella, G.H. Hoffstaetter, M. Liepe, P. Quigley, V. Veshcherevich
Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA

The main linac cryomodule (MLC) for the future energy-recovery linac (ERL) based synchrotron-light facility at Cornell had been designed, fabricated, and tested. It houses 6 SRF cavities with individual higher order-modes (HOMs)absorbers and one magnet/ BPM section. We will report the HOM study on MLC.

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WEPMR022

ERL Main Linac Cryomodule Cavity Performance and Effect of Thermal Cycling

cavity, cryomodule, SRF, target

2312

F. Furuta, J. Dobbins, R.G. Eichhorn, G.M. Ge, D. Gonnella, G.H. Hoffstaetter, M. Liepe, T.I. O'Connell, P. Quigley, D.M. Sabol, J. Sears, E.N. Smith, V. Veshcherevich
Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA

Cornell has designed, fabricated, and tested a high current (100 mA) CW SRF prototype cryomodule for the future energy-recovery linac (ERL) based synchrotron-light facility at Cornell . It houses six 7-cell SRF cavities with individual HOM absorbers and one magnet/ BPM section. Cavities are targeted to operate with high Qo of 2.0·10¹⁰ at 16.2 MV/m, 1.8 K in continuous wave (CW) mode. We will report the RF test results of 7-cell cavities in this cryomodule after initial cooldown and several thermal cycles with different cooldown method.

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WEPMR027

Dependence of Surface Resistance on N-Doping Level

niobium, cavity, SRF, radio-frequency

2331

D. Gonnella, F. Furuta, G.M. Ge, J.J. Kaufman, P.N. Koufalis, M. Liepe, J.T. Maniscalco
Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA

Funding: NSF, DOE
Nitrogen-doping has become a standard tool for reaching high quality factors in SRF cavities in the medium field region at 2 K. This high Q has been shown to be a result of lowering of the temperature dependent BCS resistance. Here we show that this lowering of the BCS resistance is due to interstitial nitrogen in the niobium lowering the mean free path. The BCS resistance extracted from experimental data is shown to be consistent with theoretical predictions from BCS theory; that there is an optimal doping of which the mean free path is lowered to about half the intrinsic coherence length. These results provide insight into understanding the mechanisms behind nitrogen-doping and allow us to more accurately predict doping parameters to reach optimal cavity performance.

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WEPMR036

Crab Cavities for eRHIC - A Preliminary Design

cavity, electron, proton, luminosity

2351

Q. Wu, I. Ben-Zvi, S. Verdú-Andrés, B. P. Xiao
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
I. Ben-Zvi
Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
The proposed eRHIC electron ion collider at BNL must use a relatively large crossing angle between the ion and electron beams for various reasons, including the reduction of long-range beam-beam effects and minimization of synchrotron radiation noise in the detector. To prevent significant loss of the luminosity due to this large crossing angle, the design of the collider requires the use of groups of crab cavities to provide local crabbing for both proton/ion and electron beams. We will base our design for eRHIC crab cavities based on our experience in the design of the 400 MHz double quarter wave crab cavity (DQWCC) for the Hi-Lumi upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. This DQWCC design is scaled to different frequencies of a main crab cavity and its higher harmonics for eRHIC. In this paper, we discuss the preliminary designs of the eRHIC crab cavities and their major parameters.

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WEPMR041

RF and Mechanical Design of 647 MHz 5-Cell BNL4 Cavity for eRHIC ERL

cavity, electron, HOM, SRF

2364

W. Xu, I. Ben-Zvi, H. Hahn, G.T. McIntyre, C. Pai, R. Porqueddu, K.S. Smith, J.L. Tuozzolo, J.E. Tuozzolo, A. Zaltsman
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
I. Ben-Zvi
Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, USA

Funding: This work is supported by LDRD program of Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. DOE.
A 647 MHz 5-cell cavity has been designed for the envisioned EIC at BNL which is configured as an eRHIC ERL with a FFAG lattice to achieve the necessary e-p luminosity. The cavity was optimized to allow propagation of all HOMs out of the cavity for high BBU threshold current and low HOM power (loss factor). eRHIC will collide the electron beam over a wide energy range with protons from 40 GeV to 250 GeV, which requires the cavity to tune up to 170 kHz at 2 K. This poses a true challenge to the mechanical design of the SRF cavity. This paper will present the RF and mechanical designs of the 647 MHz 5-cell cavity, and status of the cavity fabrication will be addressed as well.

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WEPMR042

Ridge Waveguide HOM Damping Scheme for High Current SRF Cavity

HOM, cavity, damping, SRF

2367

W. Xu, I. Ben-Zvi, Y. Gao, H. Hahn, G.T. McIntyre, R. Porqueddu, V. Ptitsyn, K.S. Smith, R. Than, J.L. Tuozzolo, C. Xu, A. Zaltsman
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
I. Ben-Zvi
Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, USA

Funding: This work is supported by LDRD program of Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. DOE.
HOM damping is a challenge for high-current SRF linacs possibly generating HOM power at a level of 10 KW per cavity. A rectangular waveguide used as a natural high pass filter is a good option as high power, large spectrum HOM damper. However, its size is too big, causing a big challenge for the cooling and cryogenic system. A reliable, compact HOM damping scheme using a ridged waveguide is being developed to damp high power (> 10 kW), large spectrum HOMs ( up to 40 GHz) that may be generated in the 647 MHz 5-cell eRHIC ERL SRF linac. The size of a ridged waveguide is less than a quarter of the regular waveguide, which alleviates the thermal issue. This paper presents the design of a ridged waveguide and estimated HOM damping results using a ridged waveguide. The thermal or cooling design of the ridged waveguide will also be addressed.

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WEPMR044

Beam Induced Damage Studies of the IFMIF/EVEDA 125 mA CW 9 MeV D⁺ Linear Accelerator

ion, proton, operation, neutron

2373

F. Scantamburlo, J. Knaster, A. Marqueta
IFMIF/EVEDA, Rokkasho, Japan
P.-Y. Beauvais
F4E, Germany
B. Bolzon, H. Dzitko
CEA/IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
R. Ichimiya
JAEA, Aomori, Japan
H. Kobayashi
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

IFMIF (International Fusion Material Irradiation Facility) will be a Li(d, xn) neutron source providing equivalent neutron spectrum of DT fusion reactions and comparable neutron flux of future commercial reactors. IFMIF, presently in its EVEDA (Engineering Validation and Engineering Design Activities) phase is installing LIPAc (Linear IFMIF Prototype Accelerator) in Rokkasho (Japan), a 125 mA CW 9 MeV deuteron beam as validating prototype of IFMIF accelerators. The MPS of LIPAc manages the interlocks for a fast beam stop during anomalous beam losses or other hazardous situations. High speed processing is essential to achieve MPS goals driven by investment protection principles. Since Bragg's peak depth is dependent of energy, power densities by uncontrolled beam losses can be very damaging at low energies; the MPS principles for LIPAc are validating those for IFMIF. Beam losses may lead to severe damages by excessive thermal stresses, annealing or even burn/melting of materials. Careful studies to set the maximum allowable time for a beam shutdown to prevent undesired scenarios during the accelerator operational life have been undertaken.

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WEPMR045

Engineering Issues of the Medium Energy Beam Transport Line and SRF Linac for the LIPAc

SRF, alignment, vacuum, solenoid

2377

D. Gex, H. Dzitko, A. Lo Bue, G. Phillips, L. Semeraro, J.M. Zarzalejos
F4E, Germany
N. Bazin, G. Devanz, P. Hardy
CEA/IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
J. Castellanos, J.M. García, D. Jiménez-Rey, D. López, L.M. Martínez, I. Podadera
CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain
O. Nomen
IREC, Sant Adria del Besos, Spain
F. Scantamburlo
IFMIF/EVEDA, Rokkasho, Japan

The International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility (IFMIF) aims to provide an accelerator-based, D-Li neutron source to produce high energy neutrons at sufficient intensity and irradiation volume for DEMO materials qualification. Part of the Broader Approach (BA) agreement between Japan and EURATOM, the goal of the IFMIF/EVEDA project is to work on the engineering design of IFMIF and to validate the main technological challenges which, among a wide diversity of hardware includes the LIPAC (Linear IFMIF Prototype Accelerator), a 125 mA CW deuteron accelerator up to 9 MeV mainly designed and manufactured in Europe. The aim of this paper is to address the engineering issues of the MEBT and SRF linac related to assembly and Integration at LIPAc facility, focusing in the seismic analysis of the beamlines to ensure the robustness of the equipment and the alignment activities with the cutting edge technology performed in Europe before sending the components to Rokkasho. These activities are essential before starting the installation process of the MEBT in the first half of 2016, and to initiate the assembly and integration of the SRF Linac cryomodule in the next phase.

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WEPMR052

Development of EPICS Control System for ODA Magnet Power Supplies and GigE CCD Camera

controls, electron, EPICS, klystron

2392

S.S. Cha, J.H. Ha, J.H. Kim, Y. Kim
KAERI, Jeongeup-si, Republic of Korea
P. Buaphad
RTX, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
S.D. Yang
Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongup-si, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea

The Radiation Equipment Research Division of the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute has been op-erating a 10 MeV RF electron linear accelerator, which is used for electron beam irradiation. The beam power and energy of the RF electron linear accelerator are 10 kW and 10 MeV. The accelerator is composed of an electron gun, an S-band (= 2856 MHz) accelerating structure, a klystron, electromagnetic solenoids, a scanning electromagnet, an RF driver, a modulator, and a chiller. The linac components have deteriorated due to a long operation time of 9 years. In this paper, we described Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS) to control ODA magnet power sup-plies for solenoids and steering magnets of the 10 MeV electron beam irradiation accelerator.

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WEPMW023

Higher Luminosity eRHIC Ring-Ring Options and Upgrade

electron, luminosity, emittance, quadrupole

2472

R.B. Palmer, J.S. Berg, M. Blaskiewicz, A.V. Fedotov, C. Montag, B. Parker, H. Witte
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA

Funding: This manuscript has been authored by employees of Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
Lower risk ring-ring alternatives to the BNL linac-ling~[linacring] eRHIC electron ion collider (EIC) are discussed. The baseline from the Ring-Ring Working Group~[ringring] has a peak proton-electron luminosity of ≈§I{1.2e33}{cm^-2.s^-1}. An option has final focus quadrupoles starting immediately after the detector at 4.5~m, instead of at 32~m in the baseline. This allows the use of lower β^*s. It also uses more, 720, lower intensity, bunches, giving reduced IBS emittance growth and requiring only low energy pre-cooling. It has a peak luminosity of ≈§I{7e33}{cm^-2.s^-1}. An upgrade of this option, requiring magnetic, or coherent, electron cooling, has 1440 bunches and peak luminosity of ≈§I{15e33}{cm^-2.s^-1}.

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WEPMW027

The ERL-based Design of Electron-Hadron Collider eRHIC

electron, hadron, luminosity, proton

2482

V. Ptitsyn, E.C. Aschenauer, I. Ben-Zvi, J.S. Berg, M. Blaskiewicz, S.J. Brooks, K.A. Brown, J.C. Brutus, O.V. Chubar, A.V. Fedotov, D.M. Gassner, H. Hahn, Y. Hao, A. Hershcovitch, H. Huang, W.A. Jackson, Y.C. Jing, R.F. Lambiase, V. Litvinenko, C. Liu, Y. Luo, G.J. Mahler, B. Martin, G.T. McIntyre, W. Meng, F. Méot, T.A. Miller, M.G. Minty, B. Parker, I. Pinayev, V.H. Ranjbar, T. Roser, J. Skaritka, R. Than, P. Thieberger, D. Trbojevic, N. Tsoupas, J.E. Tuozzolo, E. Wang, G. Wang, H. Witte, Q. Wu, C. Xu, W. Xu, A. Zaltsman
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
S.A. Belomestnykh
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
Recent developments of the ERL-based design of future high luminosity electron-hadron collider eRHIC focused on balancing technological risks present in the design versus the design cost. As a result a lower risk design has been adopted at moderate cost increase. The modifications include a change of the main linac RF frequency, reduced number of SRF cavity types and modified electron spin transport using a spin rotator. A luminosity-staged approach is being explored with a Nominal design (L ~ 10³³ cm^-2 s^-1) that employs reduced electron current and could possibly be based on classical electron cooling, and then with the Ultimate design (L > 10³⁴ cm^-2 s^-1) that uses higher electron current and an innovative cooling technique (CeC). The paper describes the recent design modifications, and presents the full status of the eRHIC ERL-based design.

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WEPMW041

Multiple Bunch HOM Evaluation for eRHIC Main Linac Cavities

HOM, electron, cavity, proton

2525

C. Xu, I. Ben-Zvi, M. Blaskiewicz, Y. Hao, V. Ptitsyn
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA

Funding: This work is supported by LDRD program of Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. DOE.
High current Superconducting Radiofrequency (SRF) 5-cell cavities are essential for the proposed ERL-based electron-ion collider eRHIC in BNL. The HOM power generated when a single bunch traverses the cavity is estimated by the corresponding loss factor. Multiple re-circulations through the ERL create a specific bunch pattern. In this case the loss factor can be different than the single bunch loss factor. The HOM power generation can be surveyed in the time and frequency domains. We estimate the average HOM power in the eRHIC 5-cell cavity with different ERL bunch patterns using both methods. We also discuss possible solutions to reduce this HOM power.

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WEPMW044

Start-to-End Simulation of eRHIC ERL

electron, simulation, emittance, synchrotron-radiation

2535

Y. Hao, S.J. Brooks, Y.C. Jing, F. Méot, V. Ptitsyn, D. Trbojevic, N. Tsoupas
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
The ERL-ring eRHIC adopts the electron accelerator design of a multi-pass energy recovery linac (ERL), with fixed field alternating gradient (FFAG) recirculating passes. To ensure the beam quality in the accelerating and decelerating stage and the energy recovery efficiency, detailed start-to-end simulation is required to evaluate the various beam dynamics effects, such as synchrotron radiation, wake fields, coherent synchrotron radiation. In this paper, we present the eRHIC ERL start-to-end simulation strategy with various simulation codes and the current status.

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WEPMY010

Considerations for a Drive Beam Scheme for a Plasma Wakefield Linear Collider

plasma, collider, kicker, lattice

2565

J. Pfingstner, E. Adli, C.A. Lindstrøm
University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
E. Marín, D. Schulte
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The potential for high average gradients makes plasma wakefield acceleration (PWFA) an attracting option for future linear colliders. For a beam-driven PWFA collider a sequence of cells has to be supplied with synchronised drive beam bunches. This paper is concerned with the generation, transport and distribution of these drive beam bunches in a so-called drive beam complex for a 3 TeV collider. Based on earlier concepts, several modifications are suggested. The new design includes a superconducting linac and an optimised bunch delay system with a tree structure. To verify the feasibility for the overall complex, a lattice design and tracking studies for the critical bending arc subsystem are presented. Also the feasibility of a compact bunch separation system is shown. The result of these efforts is a drive beam complex that is optimised for construction cost and power efficiency that favours unified lattice solutions.

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WEPMY041

Development of Mobile Neutron Sources Driven by X-Band Electron Linacs for Infrastructure Maintenance and Nuclear Security

neutron, electron, target, site

2648

Y. Seki, J.M. Bereder, M. Uesaka
The University of Tokyo, Nuclear Professional School, Ibaraki-ken, Japan

We are developing a compact neutron source with a 3.95 MeV X-band (9.3 GHz) electron linac based X-ray source. The X-ray source, which included a tungsten target for bremsstrahlung, was originally fabricated for on-site nondestructive inspections for infrastructures such as bridges, expressways and tunnels. Attachment of a photo-neutron target to this X-ray source allows a new mobile neutron source. Main applications of this neutron source are on-site moisture detection in infrastructures, and nuclear materials measurement in fuel debris for decommissioning Fukushima nuclear power plants. Our approach also realizes a mobile X-ray/neutron hybrid source system in the future. The beryllium was employed as target material since it had especially small threshold energy for the photo neutron production. We have developed a 60-cm-cube target station by combining a beryllium block, a graphite reflector, a polyethylene moderator, a boric acid resin layer (neutron shied), and a lead layer (gamma-ray shield). This presentation will report a pilot experiment of neutron generation and discuss the results compared to a Monte Carlo simulation.

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WEPOR007

Recent Improvements in Drive Beam Stability in CTF3

feedback, klystron, operation, gun

2677

L. Malina, R. Corsini, D. Gamba, T. Persson, P.K. Skowroński
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The proposed Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) uses a high intensity, low energy drive beam producing the RF power to accelerate the low intensity main beam with 100 MeV/m gradient. This scheme puts stringent requirements on drive beam stability in terms of phase, energy and current. Finding and understanding the sources of jitter plays a key role in their mitigation. In this paper, we report on the recent studies in the CLIC Test Facility (CTF3). New jitter and drift sources were identified and adequate beam-based feed-backs were implemented and commissioned. Finally, we present the resulting improvement of drive beam stability.

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WEPOR016

Pre-alignment of Accelerating Structures for Compact Acceleration and High Gradient using In-situ Radiofrequency Methods

alignment, dipole, electromagnetic-fields, wakefield

2696

N. Galindo Munoz, N. Catalán Lasheras, A. Grudiev
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
V.E. Boria
DCOM-iTEAM-UPV, Valencia, Spain
A. Faus-Golfe
IFIC, Valencia, Spain

Funding: PACMAN is founded under the European Union's 7th Framework Program Marie Curie Actions, grant PITN-GA-2013-606839
To achieve a high accelerating gradient of 100 MV/m, the CLIC project under study at CERN uses a 23 cm long tapered normal-conducting travelling wave Accelerating Structure (AS) operating at 12 GHz. Minimisation of the long-range wakefields (WF) is assured by damping of the HOM through four radial waveguides in each cell without distorting the accelerating mode. As an extension of them, there are four bent waveguides called WF monitors (WFM) in the middle cell with two RF pick-ups. To obtain a small beam emittance in the collision point, micro-metric pre-alignment of the AS is required. We work to find the electrical centre of the AS through the use of the asymmetry in the RF scattering parameters created by an off-centre conductive wire, stretched along the axis. The accuracy required is of 7 μm with a resolution of 3.5 μm for the WFM signals including the acquisition electronics. Our simulations have shown that a resolution of 1 μm is possible using a calibrated VNA. Measurement results and improvements of the final accuracy will be presented and discussed.

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WEPOR019

Development of CVD Diamond Detector for Beam Conditioning Monitor at the SuperKEKB Linac

detector, target, radiation, electron

2707

S. Kazama, T. Kamitani
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
P. Bambade, V. Kubytskyi
LAL, Orsay, France

Positron beams in SuperKEKB will be produced from electromagnetic showers originating from the interaction between primary electron beams and a tungsten target. Since the emittance of primary beams is very small, the target is easy to be destroyed if focused beams are irradiated. In the SuperKEKB LINAC, a plate called spoiler is placed in the upstream of the target to enlarge the beam spot size. If the beam control is in a correct way, radioactive rays will be observed near both the spoiler and the target. However, if the beam control is not successful and primary beams are irradiated directly on the target, significant radiations are observed only near the target. If such a behavior is observed, primary beams must be stopped to protect the target. Since the number of electrons in a bunch is quite large(~10nC), the radiation dose is expected to be very high. Therefore, the radiation detector is required to have a high radiation-tolerance over a long period of time. Diamond has a high radiation tolerance due to its strong covalent bond, and we are now developing radiation detectors using diamond crystals. In this talk, current status including beam test measurements will be shown.

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WEPOR031

Field Emission Radiation Characterization of LCLS-II Cavities

cavity, radiation, cryomodule, detector

2736

M. Santana-Leitner, C. Adolphsen, L. Ge, Z. Li, T.O. Raubenheimer, M.C. Ross
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
S. Aderhold, A. Grassellino, O.S. Melnychuk, R.V. Pilipenko, D.A. Sergatskov
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

Funding: Work supported by U.S. Department of Energy contract DE-AC02-76SF00515
LCLS-II XFEL facility at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory will accelerate CW beams of up to 300 uA to 4 GeV using superconducting radio frequency cavities. Before installation, fully assembled cryomodules will be tested at Fermilab and Jefferson Lab. Besides the basic measurements of cavity gradients and cryogenic heat loads, radiation and dark current levels will be recorded. The latter parameters need to be limited to ensure the safety of the machine and the lifetime of radio-sensitive components installed near the cavities. In this paper we describe the simulation studies being done in preparation of tests, where expected radiation measurements in the different detectors are correlated with field emission and with dark currents in Faraday cups at each end of the cryomodule. This work includes simulations using a detailed model of the cryomodules and detectors, where field emission data generated with Track3P is parsed to the FLUKA radiation transport code.

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WEPOR033

Progress in the Work on the Tuner Control System of the cERL at KEK

controls, LLRF, feedback, FPGA

2742

F. Qiu, T. Matsumoto, S. Michizono, T. Miura
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
S.B. Wibowo
Sokendai, Ibaraki, Japan

A compact energy recovery linac (cERL), which is a test machine for future 3 GeV ERL project, was constructed at KEK. Five superconducting (SC) cavities were installed in the injector and main linac of the cERL. The SC cavities in cERL are prone to detuning by disturbances such as microphonics. Therefore, a piezo-based tuner system was used to compensate for the detuning of the SC cavity in the cERL. We have proposed advanced control methods that aim at improving the performance of the cERL tuner systems. In this paper, we present the progress in our work on the cERL tuner systems. The preliminary results of the beam-commissioning are also presented.

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WEPOR042

LLRF Control of High Loaded-Q Cavities for the LCLS-II

cavity, LLRF, controls, feedback

2765

C. Serrano, L.R. Doolittle, G. Huang, A. Ratti
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
S. Babel, M. Boyes, B. Hong
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
R. Bachimanchi, C. Hovater
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
B.E. Chase, E. Cullerton, J. Einstein
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

Funding: This work was supported by the LCLS-II Project and the U.S. Department of Energy, Contract DE-AC02-76SF00515
The SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory is planning an upgrade (LCLS-II) to the Linear Coherent Light Source with a 4 GeV CW Superconducting Radio Frequency (SCRF) linac. The nature of the machine places stringent requirements in the Low-Level RF (LLRF) system, expected to control the cavity fields within 0.01 degrees in phase and 0.01% in amplitude, which is equivalent to a longitudinal motion of the cavity structure in the nanometer range. This stability has been achieved in the past but never for hundreds of superconducting cavities in Continuous-Wave (CW) operation. The difficulty resides in providing the ability to reject disturbances from the cryomodule, which is incompletely known as it depends on the cryomodule structure itself (currently under development at JLab and Fermilab) and the harsh accelerator environment. Previous experience in the field and an extrapolation to the cavity design parameters (relatively high Q_Lc≈ 4×10⁷ , implying a half-bandwidth of around 16 Hz) suggest the use of strong RF feedback to reject the projected noise disturbances, which in turn demands careful engineering of the entire system.

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WEPOR043

End-to-end FEL Beam Stability Simulation Engine

cavity, simulation, software, cryomodule

2768

C. Serrano, L.R. Doolittle
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
D.S. Driver, B. Patel, A.F. Queiruga, Z. Zaky
UCB, Berkeley, USA
Q. Llimona
UPF, Barcelona, Spain

Funding: Work supported by U.S. Department of Energy
During the design, commissioning and operation of a linac-driven Free Electron Laser (FEL) it is important to have a good understanding of the implications of accelerator design choices on beam figures of merit. This simulation engine combines a full state-space model of the RF system (High-Power Amplifier, RF cavities, LLRF controllers, etc.), a characterization of beam properties such as energy, bunch length and arrival time as electrons propagate through the Linac and beam-based feedback. The combination of these models with the ability to introduce both correlated and uncorrelated noise sources at any point of the machine, allows for a complete transposition of noise sources to beam performance parameters, including frequency dependence, in order to analyze implications of accelerator design choices in a simulation environment.

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WEPOW007

Status and Prospects of the BESSY II Injector System

booster, injection, storage-ring, synchrotron

2826

T. Atkinson, W. Anders, P. Goslawski, A. Jankowiak, F. Kramer, P. Kuske, D. Malyutin, A.N. Matveenko, A. Neumann, M. Ries, M. Ruprecht, A. Schälicke, T. Schneegans, D. Schüler, P.I. Volz, G. Wüstefeld
HZB, Berlin, Germany
H.G. Glass
BESSY GmbH, Berlin, Germany

The BESSY II injector system consists of a 50 MeV Linac, installed in preparation for TopUp operation, and a 10 Hz fast-ramping booster synchrotron. The system provides injection efficiencies into the BESSY II storage ring well above 90 % . This contribution reports on the present status, measurements of energy acceptance and other essential beam parameters as well as studies on coupled-bunch-by-bunch instability. Requirements for BESSY-VSR and possible upgrade scenarios are discussed.

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WEPOW033

Commissioning of the Alba Injector With 67 Mev Single Klystron Linac

quadrupole, booster, klystron, dipole

2905

G. Benedetti, U. Iriso, J. Marcos, Z. Martí, V. Massana, R. Muñoz Horta, F. Pérez, M. Pont
ALBA-CELLS Synchrotron, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain

The 3 GeV ALBA booster normally accelerates an injected beam of 110 MeV, delivered by the linac operating with two independent klystrons. On 2014, the linac waveguide system was upgraded and commissioned to allow operating with either klystron and providing a reduced beam energy of 67 MeV. The commissioning of the booster to capture the beam at a reduced energy and ramp it up to 3 GeV has required a long set-up process of the magnets at 67 MeV beam energy. Due to the dominant effect of the remnant magnetic field in the low energy regime, the scaling of the magnet settings at the beginning of the ramp did not allow to capture the beam, and more precise calibrations were measured on spare quadrupoles to ease its fine tuning. The effect of higher eddy currents induced when the dipoles start ramping, combined with the lower beam rigidity, has been also an issue to tune the dipole waveforms for the 67 MeV - 3 GeV cycle. The encountered problems and their solutions to commission the ALBA injector in this new mode of operation are here presented.

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WEPOW043

Accelerator Based Light Source Projects of Turkey

FEL, electron, undulator, radiation

2936

A.A. Aksoy, Ö. Karslı, C. Kaya
Ankara University, Accelerator Technologies Institute, Golbasi / Ankara, Turkey
B. Ketenoğlu, O. Yavaş
Ankara University, Faculty of Engineering, Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey
Z. Nergiz
Nigde University, Nigde, Turkey

Three light source project is ongoing in Turkey within the frame of Turkish Accelerator Center (TAC) Project which has been supported by Ministry of Development since 2006. As a first facility of TAC, 3-250 μ mm IR-FEL facility (TARLA) based on superconducting accelerator with an energy of maximum 40 MeV is under construction at Institute of Accelerator Technologies of Ankara University. In addition to TARLA, Conceptual/Technical Design Report of a third generation synchrotron radiation facility based on 3 GeV, and a fourth generation FEL facility based 1-6 GeV is being prepared for the next steps of TAC. Therewithal a proton accelerator facility with up 2 GeV and an electron-positron collider as a super charm factory are proposed within the frame of TAC project. In this presentation, current status of TARLA project and main goals, road map of Turkish Light Sources will be explained.

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WEPOY010

Bunch Compression at the Recirculation Loop of the Compact ERL

simulation, optics, electron, acceleration

3008

M. Shimada, K. Harada, Y. Honda, T. Miyajima, N. Nakamura, T. Obina, R. Takai, A. Ueda
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

The compact Energy Recovery Linac (cERL) has been operated as a test facility for the future light-source since 2013. One of the targets of the beam commissioning of this winter is demonstration of bunch compression. The bunch has energy chirp in longitudinal direction by off crest acceleration and the bunch length is compressed in non-isochronous arc section. The short electron bunch is spread in the return arc to suppress the energy spread at the main beam dump. Four sextupole magnets were installed in two arcs in November 2015 to correct the squared term induced by RF curvature. The best position was determined by the beam tracking by elegant including Coherent Synchrotron Radiation (CSR) wake. The bunch length is measured by OTR in the south straight section just after the first arc. We present the demonstration of the bunch compression in this report.

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WEPOY018

Study on Electron Beam Transverse Emittance at the Linac-based THz Laboratory in Thailand

emittance, quadrupole, electron, simulation

3017

K. Kosaentor
IST, Chiang Mai, Thailand
S. Rimjaem
Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand

This research focuses on simulation of transverse emittance of electron beams, which are produced from a thermionic RF-gun at the Plasma and Beam Physics (PBP) Research Facility, Chiang Mai University (CMU). The RF-gun is used to together with an alpha magnet for serving as the electron injector system for the PBP linac-based THz source. The quadrupole scan technique is utilized to measure the transverse beam emittance at the entrance of the alpha magnet. The experimental setup consists of quadrupole magnets with a maximum gradient of 7.01 T/m, a drift tube, and a movable fluorescent screen station. Beam dynamic simulations by using the computer codes PARMELA and ELEGANTare performed to track electrons from the cathode to the experimental station. In this contribution, the emittance values from simulations including the space charge effects will be reported.
This work has been supported by the CMU Junior Research Fellowship Program, Department of Physics and Material Science, Faculty of science, Chiang Mai University.

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WEPOY019

Beam Optimization Study for an X-ray FEL Oscillator at the LCLS-II

flattop, electron, emittance, FEL

3020

W. Qin, S. Huang, K.X. Liu
PKU, Beijing, People's Republic of China
K.L.F. Bane, Y. Ding, Z. Huang, T.J. Maxwell
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
K.-J. Kim, R.R. Lindberg
ANL, Argonne, Ilinois, USA

The 4 GeV LCLS-II superconducting linac with high repetition beam rate enables the possibility to drive an X-Ray FEL oscillator at harmonic frequencies *. Compared to the regular LCLS-II machine setup, the oscillator mode requires a much longer bunch length with a relatively lower current. Also a flat longitudinal phase space distribution is critical to maintain the FEL gain since the X-ray cavity has extremely narrow bandwidth. In this paper, we study the longitudinal phase space optimization including shaping the initial beam from the injector and optimizing the bunch compressor and dechirper parameters. We obtain a bunch with a flat energy chirp over 400 fs in the core part with current above 100 A. The optimization was based on LiTrack and Elegant simulations using LCLS-II beam parameters.
* T. J. Maxwell et al., Feasibility study for an X-ray FEL oscillator at the LCLS-II, IPAC15, TUPMA028.

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WEPOY023

Beam Dynamics Studies for Coherent Electron Cooling Experiment

electron, emittance, SRF, cavity

3032

Y.H. Wu, D. Kayran, V. Litvinenko, I. Pinayev
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
V. Litvinenko
Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
Coherent electron Cooling (CeC)* is a proposed advanced beam cooling method that has the potential to reduce the ion beam emittance in significantly shorter time compared to existing cooling methods. The newly constructed linear electron accelerator for the CeC experiment can generate electron beams with the required beam parameters for effective cooling. In this paper, we show simulation studies for the CEC linac by using the PARMELA** and ELEGANT*** beam dynamics tracking codes.
* V.N.Litvinenko and Y.S.Derbenev, PRL 102, 114801 (2009)
** Lloyd M.Young, Parmela manual, Los Alamos National Laboratory
*** M. Borland, Elegant, Argonne National Laboratory (2000)

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WEPOY034

Latest Improvements of OPAL

space-charge, dipole, electromagnetic-fields, simulation

3058

C.J. Metzger-Kraus, M. Abo-Bakr, B.C. Kuske
HZB, Berlin, Germany
A. Adelmann
PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland

OPAL (Object Oriented Parallel Accelerator Library) is an open source, C++ based tool for charged particle tracking in large accelerator structures and beam lines including 3D space charge, particle matter interaction and FFAG capabilities. The careful parallel design makes it possible to tackle large and complex problems, in a reasonable time frame. The current code status and latest program improvements and upgrades are introduced. One of the provided flavors, OPAL-T, was, so-far, used for relatively simple lattices and was not well suited for more complicated arrangements of elements. One of the major upgrades is the possibility to place elements in 3D space, giving the user a better control in absolute element positioning. The old input format with relative positioning is still supported. We show results of the BERLinPro lattice and compare it with results obtained with elegant.

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WEPOY036

Progress in Automatic Software-based Optimization of Accelerator Performance

software, storage-ring, FEL, injection

3064

S.I. Tomin, G. Geloni
XFEL. EU, Hamburg, Germany
I.V. Agapov, I. Zagorodnov
DESY, Hamburg, Germany
W.S. Colocho, T.M. Cope, A.B. Egger, D.F. Ratner
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
Y.A. Fomin, Y.V. Krylov, A.G. Valentinov
NRC, Moscow, Russia

Funding: partial support from Ioffe Roentgen Institute grant EDYN EMRAD
For modern linac- and storage-ring-based light sources certain amount of empirical tuning is used to reach ultimate performance. The possibility to perform such empirical tuning by automatic methods has now been demonstrated by several authors (e.g. I.Agapov et al. in proc IPAC 2015). In this paper we present the progress in development of our automatic optimisation software based on OCELOT and its applications to SASE FEL optimization at FLASH and LCLS, and its potential for storage ring optimization.

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WEPOY037

Optimization of THz Radiation Pulses at FLUTE

electron, radiation, simulation, gun

3067

M. Yan, A.-S. Müller, M.J. Nasse, M. Schuh, M. Schwarz
KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany

The accelerator test facility FLUTE (Ferninfrarot Linac Und Test Experiment) will allow research and development in electron accelerator technology as well as photon science. Electron bunches of durations in the femtosecond range will be provided to generate intense THz radiation. Start-to-end simulation of the accelerator has been performed with the bunch length as the optimization objective. Based on the resulting charge distribution the expected THz field properties can be calculated. In this paper we combine the two tools and present first results.

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WEPOY042

Open XAL Status Report 2016

operation, software, ion, site

3083

T.A. Pelaia II, C.K. Allen, A.P. Shishlo, A.P. Zhukov
ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
D.A. Brown
NMSU, Las Cruces, New Mexico, USA
Y.-C. Chao
TRIUMF, Canada's National Laboratory for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Vancouver, Canada
C.P. Chu, Y. Zhang
FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
P. Gillette, P. Laurent, E. Lécorché, G. Normand
GANIL, Caen, France
E. Laface, Y.I. Levinsen, M. Muñoz
ESS, Lund, Sweden
Y. Li
IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
I. List, M. Pavleski
Cosylab, Ljubljana, Slovenia
X.H. Lu
CSNS, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China

Funding: This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC, under Contract No. DE-AC0500OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
Formed in 2010, the Open XAL accelerator physics software platform was developed through an international collaboration among several facilities to establish it as a standard for accelerator physics software. While active development continues, the project has now matured. This paper presents the current status of the project, a roadmap for continued development and an overview of the project status at each participating facility.

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WEPOY043

Plans for the European Spallation Source Beam Physics Control Software

framework, operation, software, controls

3086

Y.I. Levinsen, R. De Prisco, M. Eshraqi, E. Laface, R. Miyamoto, M. Muñoz
ESS, Lund, Sweden
I. List
Cosylab, Ljubljana, Slovenia

The commissioning and operations planning for the European Spallation Source is currently being defined. It is foreseen that the ESS will begin to deliver beam on target by mid 2019, something which is urging a well structured and thought through plan both for commissioning and operations. In this paper we will discuss the plans for beam physics operational software, priorities and software services needed during the different stages of beam commissioning.

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WEPOY051

Performance Optimization of Multi-particle Beam Dynamics Code IMPACT-Z on NVidia GPGPU

GPU, operation, lattice, diagnostics

3110

Z.Q. He, G. Shen, Y. Yamazaki
FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
X. Wang
ICER, MSU, East Lansing, USA

Funding: The work is supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation , the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science, the Institute for Cyber-Enabled Research, MSU.
Facility for Rare Isotope Beams is designed using a multiparticle tracking code IMPACT-Z. IMPACT-Z is originally for the purpose of accelerator design, so it is precise, however, quite time consuming, therefore usually not suitable for on-line beam tuning applications. IMPACT-Z is originally boosted using Message Passing Interface (MPI) technology. For single node mode, performance of IMPACT-Z is usually bounded by CPU performance, and for multimode mode, communication between MPI processes would become bottleneck. However, new emerging High Performance Computing (HPC) technology, like general-purpose graphics processing unit (GPGPU), brings new possibility in accelerating IMPACT-Z, so that the speed of IMPACT-Z satisfies for on-line beam tuning applications. This paper presents the efforts in exploring the capability of Nvidia GPGPU and the results of speed up of IMPACT-Z.

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THOBA03

Start-to-end Calculations and Trajectory Correction for BERLinPro

laser, simulation, space-charge, timing

3167

B.C. Kuske, C.J. Metzger-Kraus
HZB, Berlin, Germany

Funding: Work funded by the Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, Land Berlin and grants of the Helmholtz Association
BERLinPro is an ERL project under construction at the Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, with the goal to illuminate the challenges and promises of a high brightness 100 mA superconducting RF gun in combination with a 50 MeV return loop and energy recovery. Latest changes to the optics code OPAL allow for the first time to perform start-to-end tracking studies including space charge in a single run, without switching between codes. This opens the way to apply correction schemes to displaced trajectories in the complete machine and to study the effect of jitter sources, including the space charge dominated injector, on the machine performance parameters. Trajectory correction is discussed. Jitter is studied with respect to its potential impact on the recovery process and parameter changes before the dump.

Slides THOBA03 [5.903 MB]

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THXB01

Review of Accelerator-based Boron Neutron Capture Therapy Machines

target, neutron, proton, cyclotron

3171

M. Yoshioka
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) is a promising method for cancer therapy. A few accelerator-based BNCT projects are in progress in Japan, and plans for such systems are discussed in Europe, China, Taiwan and Korea. To obtain sufficient epi-thermal neutron flux, 30-50 kW of proton beam power is required. This talk reviews the present situation of the BNCT projects in the world. Key issues for the stable production of epi-thermal neutrons for medical applications are discussed. This includes the type of accelerator (linac or cyclotron), the selection of proton energy (3 MeV, 8 MeV, or 30 MeV), the coice of target (Li or Be) and moderator.

Slides THXB01 [4.059 MB]

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THOAB02

Concept of RF Linac for Intra-pulse Multi-energy Scan

klystron, electron, experiment, gun

3180

A.K. Krasnykh, J. Neilson, A.D. Yeremian
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA

Funding: Work supported in part by US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-76SF00515
A material discrimination based on X-Ray systems is typically achieved by alternating photon pulses of two different energies. A new approach relies on the ability to generate X-ray pulses with an end-point energy that varies in a controlled fashion during the duration of the pulse. An intra-pulse multi-energy X-ray beam device will greatly enhance current cargo screening capabilities. This method originally was described in the AS&E patents*. This paper addresses a linac concept for the proposed scan and describes some proof of concept experiments carried out at SLAC.
* A. Arodzero et al., 'System and methods for intra-pulse multi-energy and adaptive multi-energy X-ray cargo inspection', US Patent 8,457, 274, 2013

Slides THOAB02 [1.776 MB]

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THOBB01

PAL-XFEL Linac RF System

klystron, network, vacuum, radiation

3192

H.-S. Lee, H. Heo, J. Hu, H.-S. Kang, K.W. Kim, K.H. Kim, S.H. Kim, I.S. Ko, S.S. Park, Y.J. Park
PAL, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea
H. Matsumoto
KEK, Tokai, Ibaraki, Japan

The PAL-XFEL hard X-ray linac has a 716 m long gallery and tunnel for 10 GeV. Forty nine modulators are necessary in the hard X-ray gallery for an X-band linearizer, an S-band RF gun, two S-band deflectors and 45 S-band klystrons for accelerating structures. They have been installed completely from March 15, 2015 to December 30, 2015 after completing the building construction. There are 51 modulators, 178 accelerators structures, 42 SLEDs in the hard X-ray linac and the soft X-ray linac. The RF conditioning of the klystrons, SLEDs and accelerating structures were stated from November 24, 2015. We describe the PAL-XFEL system and the current status of the linac RF system.

Slides THOBB01 [22.023 MB]

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THPMB001

Muon Production via the ESSnuSB Project

proton, target, detector, extraction

3213

E. Bouquerel, E. Baussan, M. Dracos
IPHC, Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
N. Vassilopoulos
IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Funding: This project is now supported by the COST Action CA15139 "Combining forces for a novel European facility for neutrino-antineutrino symmetry-violation discovery" (EuroNuNet).
ESSnuSB plans to produce very intense neutrino beams using the protons from the ESS linac (5 MW, 2 GeV) and a 4-targets horn system. In the ESSnuSB proposed facility a copious number of muons will also be produced. These muons could be used by a future Neutrino Factory to study CP violation in the leptonic sector but also to study neutrino cross-sections. They could also be used to feed a future muon collider. The feasibility and the issues of extracting the intense muon beam produced together with neutrinos are discussed.

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THPMB004

Improving Energy Spread and Stability of a Recirculating Few-turn Linac

electron, recirculation, synchrotron, experiment

3222

F. Hug
IKP, Mainz, Germany
M. Arnold, T. Kürzeder, N. Pietralla
TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
R.G. Eichhorn
Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA

Funding: Supported by the DFG through CRC 634, RTG 2128 and PRISMA cluster of excellence
A non-isochronous recirculation scheme which helps cancelling out errors coming from the RF-jitters in a recirculating linac will be presented. Non-isochronous recirculation is the common operation mode for synchrotrons or microtrons. In such a scheme the recirculation arcs provide a non-zero longitudinal dispersion, while the particle bunches are accelerated at a certain phase off-crest with respect to the maximum of the accelerating field. In few-turn linacs and microtrons such beam dynamics can be used to reduce the energy spread. To do so the longitudinal phase advance needs to be set to a half-integer number of oscillations in phase space. Then errors from linac RF-systems cancel out and the energy spread remains closely to the value at injection. In addition to the improved energy spread the beam stability of few-turn recirculators can be increased as well using such a system. We will present operational experience with the non-isochronous recirculation system of the twice recirculating superconducting accelerator S-DALINAC operated at TU Darmstadt including beam-dynamics calculations and measurements of the energy spread.

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THPMB007

Numerical Computation of Transport Matrices of Axisymmetric RF Cavities for Online Beam Dynamics Applications

cavity, focusing, transverse-dynamics, linear-dynamics

3233

V. Balandin, W. Decking, N. Golubeva
DESY, Hamburg, Germany

The RF focusing effect plays a considerable role at low particle energies and cannot be neglected in many online beam dynamics applications. Unfortunately, known analytical expressions for the transfer matrix of a cavity typically are applicable only to ultra-relativistic beams and demonstrate notable differences with accurate numerical simulations at low energies. So, in this paper, we present practical numerical algorithm for calculation of the linear transfer matrices of axisymmetric RF cavities which we developed for online modeling of the beam dynamics in the European XFEL linac.

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THPMB010

Dogleg Design for the SINBAD Linac

electron, acceleration, dipole, emittance

3244

J. Zhu, R.W. Aßmann, U. Dorda, B. Marchetti
DESY, Hamburg, Germany
R. Rossmanith
KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany

The SINBAD facility (Short and INnovative Bunches and Accelerators at DESY) is foreseen to provide sub-fs to tens of fs electron bunches for the R&D of novel acceleration concepts and applications, e.g. Laser Wake-Field Acceleration (LWFA), Dielectric Laser Acceleration (DLA) and medical imaging. We present the design study of the dogleg at the SINBAD linac, which is capable of delivering ultra-short bunches to the second beamline. The longitudinal dispersion of the dogleg can be finely tuned so that it can either transport the ultra-short bunch produced upstream by velocity bunching, or compress the incoming long bunch. The achievable beam parameters are investigated by start-to-end simulations.

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THPMB011

Beam Based Alignment Methods for Cavities and Solenoids in Photo-Injectors

solenoid, cavity, target, experiment

3247

M. Rossetti Conti
Universita' degli Studi di Milano & INFN, Milano, Italy
A. Bacci
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Milano, Italy

Solenoids are often used as lens-like beam focusing elements in electron linacs, especially in the low energy beam lines aside the Gun solenoid for emittance compensation, a common element of high brightness photo-injectors. There are also many electron linacs worldwide which use the Velocity Bunching beam compression technique, which needs solenoids wrapping the first acceleration cavity. A misalignment between the beam trajectory and the magnetic center of the solenoids produces a decrease in the beam quality and makes it necessary to find a complex steering setting to force the beam on a good orbit. In this proceeding we present a study of two beam based alignment techniques, which are correlated: the first shows a method to find the correct electromagnetic axis of an acceleration cavity, the second shows how to align the solenoids (wrapping the cavity) on this axis. Therefore the study permits to find the best steering setting and the solenoids positions corrections which have to be done. The work is based on real data acquired on the SPARC linac and on a virtual experiment.

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THPMB013

Proposal of 6 GeV Energy Recovery Linac Hybrid Machine

electron, positron, cavity, undulator

3254

M. Shimada, K. Yokoya
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
R. Hajima
JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan
M. Tecimer
University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, USA

We proposed 6 GeV Energy Recovery Linac (ERL) as an intense gamma-ray source for the polarized positron source of International Linear Collider (ILC)*. In this scheme, Coherent Synchrotron Radiation from quasi-CW 6 GeV electron beam is stacked in optical cavity at middle infrared region, and it is used for inverse Compton scattering to generate 10 MeV polarized gamma-ray. The same 6 GeV superconducting linac accelerates both the electron and positron beams up to 5 GeV for injection to the dumping ring. Furthermore, it is available for X-ray light source by adding another recirculation loop. It can be expected as a diffraction limit light source at 10 keV, and the target of the brilliance is 10^22-23 ph/s/mm²/mrad²/b.w.0.1%.
* M. Shimada, Proceedings of IPAC'13

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THPMB028

Beam Optics of 180-degree Bending Section including a Charge Stripper

simulation, optics, sextupole, acceleration

3291

J.-H. Jang, H. Jin, J. Song
IBS, Daejeon, Republic of Korea

Funding: This work was supported by the Rare Isotope Science Project of Institute for Basic Science funded by Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning and National Research Foundation of Korea.
The linac of RISP (Rare Isotope Science Project) includes a charge stripper to obtain better acceleration efficiency. It is located after the lower energy part of the superconducting linac which accelerates 2 charge states, 33 and 34 of uranium beams to about 18 MeV/u. After the charge stripper, 5 charge states around 79 are selected and transported into the higher energy part of the linac through a 180-degree bending section. This work focused on the charge stripper effects on the beam optics in the bending section.

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THPMB030

Operation Improvement by Tuning of Storage Ring at PLS-II

injection, kicker, operation, storage-ring

3297

I. Hwang, M. Kim, T.-Y. Lee, C.D. Park
PAL, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea

After upgrade of the pohang light source (PLS-II), several problems reduced the quality of the top-up operation. Unbalance of the injection kicker system and it's lack of control had limited the efficiency of the injection from the linac to the storage ring. We tuned the storage ring to improve the injection efficiency and to stabilize the orbit during the injection.

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THPMB037

Comparing the Transverse Dynamics of the ESS Linac Simulator and the Spallation Neutron Source Linac

kicker, neutron, controls, space-charge

3314

E. Laface, Y.I. Levinsen
ESS, Lund, Sweden
T.A. Pelaia II
ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA

The ESS Linac Simulator (ELS) is the model that will be used at the European Spallation Source ERIC in Lund, Sweden, to simulate the transport of the beam envelope during operations. On August 12th 2015, we had the opportunity to use two hours of beam time in the linac of the Spallation Neutron Source in Oak Ridge to benchmark ELS. In this paper we present the results of the transverse dynamics measurements. Such measurements are obtained upon kicking the beam in the medium-energy beam transport (MEBT) and measuring the effect of the oscillation of the beam centroid in 58 beam position monitors (BPMs). The ELS model and these measurements are in agreement with an average discrepancy of 4% in the superconducting section of the accelerator.

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THPMB038

Comparing RF-Cavity Phase-Scan Simulations in the ESS Linac Simulator with Measurements Taken in the Spallation Neutron Source Coupled-Cavity Linac

cavity, neutron, controls, radio-frequency

3317

E. Laface, Y.I. Levinsen
ESS, Lund, Sweden
I. List
Cosylab, Ljubljana, Slovenia
T.A. Pelaia II
ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA

The ESS Linac Simulator (ELS) is the model that will be used at the European Spallation Source ERIC in Lund, Sweden, to simulate the transport of the beam envelope for the operations. During the machine restart in August 2015 at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) in Oak Ridge, USA, we were able to perform the first benchmarking studies of the ELS. In this paper, we present the results of the phase-scans performed in four RF cavities of the coupled-cavity linac at SNS compared with the same scans simulated in the ELS. The phase of the cavity was modified while the phase of the beam was recorded in two BPMs downstream from the cavity. This measurement was repeated for four independent cavities and the results are compared here with the model, which favourably reproduces the BPM response to the cavity scans.

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THPMB039

Voltage Error Studies in the ESS RFQ

rfq, emittance, proton, radio-frequency

3320

A. Ponton, Y.I. Levinsen, E. Sargsyan
ESS, Lund, Sweden
A.C. France, O. Piquet, B. Pottin
CEA/IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France

During the fabrication of an RFQ, deviation from the perfect geometry will occur during assembling, brazing and machining the different parts. These geometrical defects will impact the theoretical inter-vane voltage, given by the beam dynamics, by altering the quadrupolar component as well as adding dipolar terms in the voltage function. Tuners can correct partially the effect of the manufacturing. The study summarizes the effects of the voltage errors on the beam quality in the case of the ESS RFQ with a harmonic analysis of the voltage function. We discuss the acceptable level of voltage errors and associated mechanical tolerances.

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THPMB046

Status and Plans for Completion of the Experimental Programme of the Clic Test Facility Ctf3

acceleration, controls, emittance, operation

3347

P.K. Skowroński, R. Corsini, S. Döbert, W. Farabolini, D. Gamba, L. Malina, T. Persson, F. Tecker
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
W. Farabolini
CEA/DSM/IRFU, France
D. Gamba
JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom

The CLIC Test Facility CTF3 was build, commissioned and operated at CERN by an international collaboration, with the aim of validating the CLIC two beam acceleration scheme, in which the RF power used to accelerate e⁺/e⁻ beams is extracted from a high intensity electron beam. In the past years the main issues of such a scheme were assessed, demonstrating its feasibility. The CTF3 experimental programme is complementing these results by addressing cost and performance subjects, mainly using the CALIFES test beam injector and a full scale two-beam module. In this paper we document the present status and give an outlook to next year run, when the experimental programme should be completed.

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THPMB052

Studies on Electron Beam Injector System for Linac-based Coherent Thz Source in Thailand

electron, undulator, gun, simulation

3366

W. Thongpakdi, S. Rimjaem
Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand

Funding: The Department of Physics and Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University and the Development and Promotion of Science and Technology Talents Project (DPST).
At the Plasma and Beam Physics Research Facility, Chiang Mai University, a thermionic cathode RF electron gun and alpha magnet are used together as an injector system for a linac-based THz source. Investigate the optimal performance of the injector system, beam dynamic simulations are performed by computer codes PARMELA, ASTRA and ELEGANT. The input 3D field distributions of the RF-gun for PARMELA and ASTRA simulations are obtained from the RF modeling program CST Microwave Studio. The beam transport calculation using the program ELEGANT is performed to study behavior of electrons from the gun exit through the alpha magnet, a travelling wave linac, magnet elements, drift tubes, and related beam diagnostic components. Energy slits inside the alpha magnet vacuum chamber is used to select electrons with desired kinetic energies. The alpha magnet compresses electron bunches with certain bunch length before the beam entering the linac to obtain minimum energy spread and shortest bunch length at the experimental station. Results of electron beam optimization with appropriated conditions for generation of intense coherent THz radiation will be reported and discussed in this contribution.
This work has been supported by the CMU Junior Research Fellowship Program, the Department of Physics and Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University and DPST.

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THPMB056

Witness Beam Production with an RF Gun and a Travelling Wave Booster Linac for AWAKE Experiment at CERN

emittance, gun, booster, proton

3378

O. Mete Apsimon, G.X. Xia
UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
R. Apsimon, G. Burt
Cockcroft Institute, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
S. Döbert
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Funding: This work is supported by the Cockcroft Institute Core Grant and STFC.
AWAKE is a unique experiment that aims to demonstrate the proton driven plasma wakefield acceleration. In this experiment, proton bunches from the SPS accelerator will be injected into a 10m long pre-formed plasma section to form wakefields of hundreds MV/m to several GV/m. A second beam, e.g., the witness beam, will be injected after the protons in an appropriate phase to gain energy from the wakefields. A photo-injector will be utilised to deliver this second beam. It consists of an S-band RF gun followed by a meter long accelerating travelling wave structure (ATS). The RF gun was recuperated from existing PHIN photo-injector. A 3D RF design of the ATS was done by using the CST code and the field maps produced were used to characterise the electron beam dynamics under space charge effect by using the PARMELA code. The impact of the mechanical errors on the beam dynamics were investigated.

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THPMR003

Failure Modes and Beam Losses Studies in ILC Bunch Compressors and Main Linac

beam-losses, quadrupole, cavity, cryomodule

3388

A. Saini, N. Solyak, V.P. Yakovlev
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

Proposed International linear collider (ILC) involves high average beam power. Dealing with high average beam power and smaller beam sizes result in stringent tolerances on beam losses and therefore, extensive studies are required to investigate every possible scenarios that lead to beam losses. In this paper we discuss beam losses due to failure of critical elements in beamline for ILC bunch compressors and main linac.

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THPMR030

Results of the Use of Axisymmetric RF Focusing in Proton Linacs at Energies up to 7 MeV

proton, focusing, cyclotron, rfq

3449

V.S. Dyubkov, Ya.V. Shashkov
MEPhI, Moscow, Russia

During a few decades axisymmetric RF structures with a focusing by means of nonsynchronous spatial harmonics of electromagnetic field are offered instead of proven RFQ. An effectiveness of these structures in the energy range up to 2 MeV was shown in a number of papers. An effectiveness of these structures in the energy range up to 7 MeV is considered in this paper. Results of an analytical investigation and a numerical simulation of self-consistent proton dynamics are presented and discussed.

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THPMR042

Design Guidelines for the Injector Complex of the FCC-ee

collider, injection, booster, optics

3488

Y. Papaphilippou, F. Zimmermann
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
M. Aiba
PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
K. Oide
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
L. Rinolfi
JUAS, Archamps, France
D.B. Shwartz
BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia

The design of the injector of the FCC-ee, a high-luminosity e⁺/e⁻ circular collider of 100 km in the Geneva area, is driven by the required particle flux for ring filling or top-up and for a variety of energies, from 45.5 to 175 GeV. In this paper, a set of parameters of the injector complex is presented, fulfilling the collider needs for all running scenarios. In particular, the challenges of the booster ring design are detailed, focusing on issues of optics, layout, low bending fields, injection schemes to the collider for maximizing transfer efficiency and synchrotron radiation handling.

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THPMW022

The RF Design of a Compact, High Power Pulse Compressor with a Flat Output Pulse

cavity, klystron, FEL, flattop

3591

P. Wang, H.B. Chen, J. Shi
TUB, Beijing, People's Republic of China
I. Syratchev, W. Wuensch, H. Zha
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

An X-band, high-power pulse compressor, which can produce a flat pulse and a power gain of 4.3, has been designed. The device is compact, with the dimensions of within 1m, and is designed for CLIC first energy stage based on klystrons. We also discuss about a two stage pulse compressor with power gain of 9.18, which may be a candidate of the X-FEL using CLIC X-band linacs and klystrons with low peak power.

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THPMW024

Phase Tuning Results of the Waveguide Network System at Pal

network, resonance, target, klystron

3597

K.H. Kim, S.H. Kim, H.-S. Lee, S.S. Park, Y.J. Park
PAL, Pohang, Republic of Korea

We report the results of the phase tuning of the waveguide network system with the C-clamp tool and the resonance frequency tuning for the SLAC energy doubler. The high power waveguide network which dividing and feeding the power to the four accelerating structures. The phase length is adjusted within ± 0.25 degrees with a transmission phase measuring method. The resonant frequency range for the SLAC energy doubler is 2856 MHz ± 5 kHz, but a target range is 2856 MHz ± 1 kHz. We measured the phase length and an amplitude with a vector network analyser. The test setup consists of a SLED, a waveguide network, directional couplers, phase stable cables. All components of the waveguide networks were manufactured at VITZRO TECH and tested at the accelerator tunnel in the Pohang Accelerator Laboratory (PAL).

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THPMW027

Development of a Long Pulse High Power Klystron Modulator for the ESS Linac based on the Stacked Multi-level Topology

klystron, high-voltage, DTL, operation

3600

C.A. Martins
ESS, Lund, Sweden
M. Collins, A. Reinap
Lund Technical University, Lund, Sweden

A novel Stacked Multi-Level modulator topology optimized for long pulse and high average power applications has been developed at ESS. It utilizes six identical modules connected in series at the HV output side and fed in parallel from the low voltage side. Each one is formed by one HF inverter, one step-up transformer, one HV rectifier bridge and one HV passive filter. They are supplied in groups of two from three capacitor banks which in turn will be charged from the low voltage electrical grid by using three groups of active AC/DC and DC/DC converters. Industrial standard power electronic components are used at the primary stage, which are placed in conventional electrical cabinets. Only few special components (transformers, rectifiers, filters) are required to be placed in an oil tank. A technology demonstrator rated for 115kV/20A and 3.5ms/14Hz is at the final phase of construction. The main power conversion circuit and regulation principles will be described and details on the design and construction of the main sub-systems will be given. Simulation and experimental results will be given showing the achieved performance in terms of HV pulse quality and AC grid power quality

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THPMY003

Design of the RISP Vacuum Systems

vacuum, ion, simulation, cryomodule

3657

D. Jeon, J.H. Cho, K.B. Lim, H.J. Son, J. Song, S.W. Yoon
IBS, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
H.S. Choi, T. Ha
PAL, Pohang, Republic of Korea
S.R. In
KAERI, Daejon, Republic of Korea
B.C. Kim, K.P. Kim, K.M. Kim, Y.S. Kim
NFRI, Republic of Korea

The vacuum requirement of the RISP heavy ion accel-erator facility has been derived that meets the beam loss requirement and the vacuum system design is carried out using the 3D Molflow+ code verifying the vacuum re-quirement. We used realistic outgassing values of the materials of the vacuum chambers and beam pipes. We are designing detailed vacuum system specification and configuration including pumps, gate valves, and vacuum gauges along with the interlock system and differential pumping stations.

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THPMY022

Design of the Beam Dump for Low Flux Beamline in KOMAC

proton, radioactivity, radiation, operation

3702

C.R. Kim, Y.-S. Cho, H.S. Kim, H.-J. Kwon
Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea

Funding: This work has been supported through KOMAC (Korea Multi-purpose Accelerator Complex) operation fund of KAERI by MSIP (Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning)
A linac in KOMAC (Korea Multi-Purpose Accelerator Complex) is providing users with 100-MeV proton beam for various applications. A new target room (TR102) for low dose of radiation beam will be constructed in 2016. The beam dump is an important part of this beam line and must be designed to stop 100 MeV beams with a maximum power of 10 kW. Incepting the waste of beam increases the temperature of the beam dump, which can make a structural problem. Therefore, the material of it should be robust under the high temperature and the radioactive circumstance. To ensure safety, thermo-mechanical analyses have been performed for a few materials using a finite element code. The beam dump will be fabricated based on the analysis results.

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THPMY028

Technical Overview of the PAL-XFEL Conventional Facility

undulator, site, simulation, survey

3715

I. Mok, M.S. Hwang, T.-H. Kang, K.W. Kim, K.R. Kim, S.H. Kim, S.N. Kim, Y. C. Kim, B.H. Lee, H.M. Lee, M.S. Lee, B.I. Moon, K.W. Seo, C.H. Son, C.W. Sung, J. Yang
PAL, Pohang, Republic of Korea
Y.C. Kim, J.H. Lee
Haenglim Architecture & Engineering Co. Ltd, Seoul, Republic of Korea
I.S. Ko
POSTECH, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea
S.W. Yong
Posco Engineering & Construction., Ltd., Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea

Pohang Accelerator Laboratory (PAL) has finished construction of a 1,110m long 10GeV X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) linear accelerator building in FY2015. In order to secure high-sensitive of XFEL accelerating devices, more advanced and well proven technologies were adopted in the design of the building. These are the ground improvement underneath the tunnel and tunnel structure itself against the possible ground deformation, air conditioning system to maintain the temperature and humidity in the tolerable ranges and architectural zoning. In this paper we describe the features of design and construction of the XFEL accelerator building.

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THPMY041

Neodymium and Ytterbium Hybrid Solid Laser of RF Gun for SuperKEKB

laser, cavity, electron, polarization

3748

X. Zhou, T. Natsui, Y. Ogawa, M. Yoshida, R. Zhang
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
T. Shibuya
TIT, Tokyo, Japan

The electrum beam of the repetition rate of 50 Hz double-bunch is requested for injector linac of SuperKEKB. By development of the Yb-doped laser system, more than 5.0 nC and 3.0 nC electron beam with single-bunch has been generated in the 5 Hz and 25 Hz respectively. Also more than 1.0 nC electron with double-bunch has been obtained in 25 Hz. The Yb-doped laser system is already for commissioning for the linac. Next, a new laser system is development to improve the stability and reliability. The laser system starts with a 50 MHz Yb-doped fiber oscillator with the all normal dispersion (ANDi) structure. A transmission grating pair stretcher was employed to expend pulse to ~30 ps and separate the pulse to two parts with the center wavelength of 1030 nm and 1064 nm. Then the two kinds of pulses can be amplified by Yb:YAG and Nd:YAG crystals respectively. The weak pulses were amplified by the Yb-doped fiber amplifier, and reduced repetition rate by a semiconductor optics amplifier (SOA) pulse picker. To obtain the mJ-class pulse energy, a Yb:YAG thin-disk regenerative solid-state amplifier and a Nd:YAG rod regenerative solid-state amplifier were employed.

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THPMY043

Collimation System Design for LCLS-II

undulator, collimation, gun, electron

3755

M.W. Guetg, P. Emma, M. Santana-Leitner, J.J. Welch, F. Zhou
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA

Funding: DOE contract \#DE-AC02-76SF00515
The planned LCLS-II FEL has an average beam power of up to 1.2 MW and a repetition rate of up to 1 MHz, both of which entail serious challenges for beam halo collimation. This paper summarizes the efforts to assess the proposed collimation system. The undulator section is specifically focused on due to its high loss sensitivity (maximal 12 mW). This proceedings concentrate on field emissions of the gun. Different dark current distribution, linac configurations and simulation programs were used to increase assurance of the results. Filled phase-space tracking further supplemented an independent prove of the collimation system effectiveness and expands to include beam-halo originating from different sources than the gun.

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THPOR018

Comissioning of Upgraded VEPP-2000 Injection Chain

injection, positron, electron, booster

3811

D.E. Berkaev, A.V. Andrianov, K.V. Astrelina, V.V. Balakin, A.M. Barnyakov, O.V. Belikov, M.F. Blinov, D.V. Bochek, D. Bolkhovityanov, F.A. Emanov, A.R. Frolov, K. Gorchakov, Ye.A. Gusev, A.S. Kasaev, E. Kenzhbulatov, I. Koop, I.E. Korenev, G.Y. Kurkin, N.N. Lebedev, A.E. Levichev, P.V. Logatchov, A.P. Lysenko, D.A. Nikiforov, V.P. Prosvetov, Yu. A. Rogovsky, S.L. Samoylov, A.I. Senchenko, P.Yu. Shatunov, Y.M. Shatunov, D.B. Shwartz, A.A. Starostenko, I.M. Zemlyansky, Yu.M. Zharinov
BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
F.A. Emanov, Yu. A. Rogovsky, A.I. Senchenko, A.A. Starostenko
NSU, Novosibirsk, Russia

The upgrade of VEPP-2000 e⁺e⁻ collider injection chain includes the connection to BINP Injection Complex (IC) via newly constructed transfer line K-500 as well as upgrade of the booster synchrotron BEP to the energy of 1 GeV. Modernization has started in the middle of 2013 and now the electron and positron beams with highly increased production rate together with top-up injection from BEP are ready to feed VEPP-2000 ring and provide design luminosity at the whole energy range limited only by beam-beam effects. The design and operation experience of IC damping ring, 250 m transfer channel and booster BEP dealing with 2.6 T magnets at top energy will be presented.

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THPOR031

Beam-Loading Effect on Breakdown Rate in High-Gradient Accelerating Structures

beam-loading, klystron, experiment, controls

3848

F. Tecker, T. Argyropoulos, N. Catalán Lasheras, R. Corsini, A. Degiovanni, D. Gamba, J. Giner Navarro, A. Grudiev, G. McMonagle, J.L. Navarro Quirante, R. Rajamaki, E. Senes, I. Syratchev, B.J. Woolley, W. Wuensch
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
T. Argyropoulos, J. Giner Navarro
IFIC, Valencia, Spain
A. Degiovanni, J.L. Navarro Quirante
ADAM, Geneva, Switzerland
D. Gamba
JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom
R. Rajamaki
Aalto University, School of Science and Technology, Aalto, Finland
E. Senes
Torino University, Torino, Italy
J. Tagg
National Instruments Switzerland, Ennetbaden, Switzerland

The Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) study for a future electron-positron collider with a center-of-mass energy up to 3 TeV aims for an accelerating gradient of 100 MV/m. The gradient is limited by RF breakdowns, and the luminosity requirements impose a limit on the admissible RF breakdown rate. RF testing of 12 GHz structure prototypes has shown that gradients in excess of 100 MV/m can be reached with the required breakdown rate. However at CLIC, the structures will be operated with significant beam-loading, modifying the field distribution inside. The effect of the beam-loading must be well understood but has not been previously measured. The commissioning and operation of an experiment to measure the effect of beam-loading on breakdown rate and the measurement results are presented.

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THPOR037

TW-Structure Design and E-Field Study for CLIC Booster Linac

booster, cavity, positron, electron

3868

E. Darvish Roknabadi
IPM, Tehran, Iran
S. Döbert
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Using the SUPERFISH code we present a design for a traveling wave (TW) structure of the Booster Linac for CLIC. The structure, consisting of thirty asymmetric cells attached to the beam pipes at two ends, works in 2Pi/3 operating mode at working frequency 2 GHz. The RF field transmitted through the designed cavity is prepared in an RF field data file to be used in the PARMELA code. We will then compare the resultant output PARMELA field with that of the ideal RF field which obtained from the usual method for a traveling wave structure.
* Based on CLIC Note 1051, 2015

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THPOR040

Emittance Growth by Misalignments and Jitters in SuperKEKB Injector Linac

emittance, acceleration, quadrupole, simulation

3871

Y. Seimiya, Y. Enomoto, K. Furukawa, T. Higo, T. Kamitani, F. Miyahara, Y. Ohnishi, M. Satoh, T. Suwada, M. Tanaka
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

Funding: This work was partly supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 16K17545.
SuperKEKB injector linac have to transport high-charged beam with low emittance to SuperKEKB ring for high luminosity, 8¥times10³⁵. For the low emittance, photocathode RF gun was adopted as electron source. One of the main reason of the beam emittance blow-up electron linac is generally induced by wakefield in acceleration cavities. A charged beam with a offset from a center of a cavity is affected by the wakefield depending on the offset size in the acceleration cavity and the beam emittance is increased. This emittance blow-up can be eliminated by appropriate steering magnet control so as to cancel the wake effect in the acceleration cavity. We perform particle tracking simulation with some misalignments and beam jitter. Emittance growth by the misalignments and the beam jitter is evaluated in this report.

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THPOW013

ARM-Based Controller of Power Supply for Focus Solenoid of Klystron

power-supply, klystron, controls, solenoid

3957

Z.R. Zhou, F.L. Shang, L. Shang
USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China

Funding: Supported by the National Science Foundation of China 11175181 By the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities WK2310000056
Klystrons are widely used in accelerators to provide powerful microwave power to the accelerating structure of linac to accelerate particles. The stability of a klystron is affected by the beam quality of high voltage gun of the klystron. The focus solenoid is needed to provide focus magnetic field around the klystron. ARM-based high performance of current stability power supply is designed to improve the quality of focus magnetic field of klystron, with a two-loop-hybrid design, which could achieve fast dynamic response and high static stability performance, instead of analogue power supply design. The bench test of the ARM-based controlled is done and the commissioning of the controller needs be done in future study.

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reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-THPOW013

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THPOW051

Design and Construction of Compact Electromagnetic Undulator for THz Radiation Production

undulator, radiation, electron, insertion-device

4060

C. Thongbai, N. Chaisueb, S. Rimjaem, J. Saisut, K. Thaijai-un
Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
N. Kangrang
Chiang Mai University, PBP Research Facility, Chiang Mai, Thailand
P. Wichaisirimongkol
Chiang Mai University, Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai, Thailand

Funding: Chiang Mai University Research Fellowship Program
The goal of this research is to design and construct a compact electromagnetic undulator. This insertion device will be installed at the PBP-CMU-LINAC system of Chiang Mai University (CMU), Thailand, to produce THz radiation. The undulator magnet is designed by using 2D POISSON and 3D RADIA computer code to optimize the magnet dimensions. The width of iron pole (W) should be 12 mm. The length of iron pole (L) should be about 80 mm long and the thickness of return yoke (d) should be more than 10 mm. The magnet design, the in-house con-struction of the magnet, and the measurement results will be presented.

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THPOW060

Basic Design of Control System for IPM Linear Accelerator

controls, PLC, EPICS, electron

4082

S. Haghtalab, F. Abbasi
Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
F. Ghasemi
NSTRI, Tehran, Iran
M. Jafarzadeh
ILSF, Tehran, Iran
M. Lamehi
IPM, Tehran, Iran

A control system has been designed for the commissioning of 10 MeV linear accelerator which is under construction in institute for research in fundamental science (IPM). The IPM e-Linac is a traveling wave accelerator consisting of 62 components in five major sections: control and safety, beam injection, radio frequency production and transmission, acceleration tube and target. The existence of a central control system for controlling and monitoring all parts of the machine is necessary. The aim of the system design is to implement a fast and reliable control system which is easy to operate and extensible for future upgrades and improvements. For this purpose, EPICS has been chosen as the main environment due to high performance and distributed structure. In this system, Siemens PLC is used as EPICS IOC and graphical designs will performed by CSS and WinCC. In this study, first we present a brief description of the IPM electron linear accelerator, and then architecture of the control system will be discussed.

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THPOY009

Control System of the C-Band Standing-Wave Accelerator for the Medical Application

operation, controls, monitoring, interface

4104

H. Lim, D.H. Jeong, M.W. Lee, M.J. Lee, S.W. Shin, J. Yi
Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Busan, Republic of Korea

A control system has been developed for the 6 MeV C-band accelerator which will be used for the medical application. It is built in the PXI platform and implemented for the operation and the monitoring of sub-components by the LabView programs. To communicate with components in the RF noise environment and to send/store the various monitoring data to the storage server, the interface based on Ethernet is used and it allows the real-time monitoring and the safe and fast feed-back system. In order to achieve the beam stability < 3.3 %, the automatic frequency controller for the magnetron is implemented by the feed-back scheme using the frequency waveform data and the constant cavity temperature is controlled by the real-time monitoring and interlock. In addition, the dose rate and flatness are controlled by a monitor chamber. The interlock system is also designed to protect the patients and also linac components against the improper operation, largely radiation, the misbehavior of monitoring parameters, etc. The architecture and main features are described and operation results are reported.

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THPOY012

Implementation of Data Acquisition System for Operating Condition in the 100 Mev Proton Linac

EPICS, controls, status, database

4110

J.H. Kim, Y.-S. Cho, H.-J. Kwon, Y.G. Song
Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea

Funding: The Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning of the Korean Government.
The goal of data acquisition system is to provide an efficient user interface to analyze operating condition of the KOMAC linac. The KOMAC control system which is based on Experimental physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS) has been monitoring and archiving the operating condition using Channel Access (CA) protocol. A data acquisition system has been developed with Qt framework that accesses EPICS IOCS and MySQL database via EPICS CA protocol. The data acquisition system provides calibrated data and efficient function to analyze data easily. In this paper, we are describing the implementation of data acquisition system for operating condition in the 100-MeV proton linac.

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THPOY015

Control System Developments for the MYRRHA Linac

controls, rfq, EPICS, framework

4116

R. Modic
Cosylab, Ljubljana, Slovenia
J.-L. Biarrotte
IPN, Orsay, France
D. Bondoux, F. Bouly
LPSC, Grenoble Cedex, France
L. Medeiros Romão, D. Vandeplassche
SCK•CEN, Mol, Belgium

Funding: This work is being supported by the Euratom research and training programme 2014-2018 under grant agreement N°662186 (MYRTE project).
The goal of the MYRRHA project is to demonstrate the technical feasibility of transmutation in a 100 MWth Accelerator Driven System by building a new flexible irradiation complex in Mol (Belgium). The MYRRHA facility requires a 600 MeV linear accelerator delivering a maximum proton flux of 4 mA in continuous operation, with an additional requirement for exceptional reliability. The control system of the future MYRRHA linac will have an essential role to play in this extreme reliability scenario. On the one hand the intrinsic reliability of the entire control system must be ensured. On the other hand control system will have to take up very high level duties of complex decision taking. This paper summarizes the ongoing developments for the concept design of such a control system. The related experimental activities performed and planned around the MYRRHA injector platform (ECR ion source + LEBT + RFQ) will also be described.

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THPOY024

Demagnetization of an Entire Accelerator Vault

cyclotron, electron, TRIUMF, power-supply

4143

T. Planche, R.A. Baartman, S.R. Koscielniak
TRIUMF, Canada's National Laboratory for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Vancouver, Canada
G. Arias, T.C. LeRoss, K.K.S. Multani
UBC, Vancouver, B.C., Canada
D.A. Bissky Dziadyk
McGill University, Montréal,, Canada
T. Zuiderveen
University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

The ARIEL electron linac produced its first high-energy beam on 31 September 2014. Despite over 40 years of experience with ion beams, transporting electrons constituted a new challenge for TRIUMF. With good reason: the difference in rest mass makes electrons orders of magnitude more sensitive than ions to magnetic fields (for the same kinetic energy). In this paper we show how beam steering could have been seriously compromised by the remament field from the structural steel of the building, and how this issue was addressed using a technique developed to demagnetize steel-hull ships: we degaussed the entire accelerator vault.

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THPOY025

From Standby Operation to Patient Treatment in 13 Months: Setting Up the MIT Accelerator Team

ion, operation, controls, ion-source

4146

A. Peters, Th. Haberer
HIT, Heidelberg, Germany
U. Scheeler
MIT, Marburg, Germany

When the University Hospital Heidelberg took over the responsibility for the Marburg Ionbeam Therapy Centre (MIT), HIT as their daughter company was mandated to build up the operation team, especially for the accelerator. Based on long-standing experiences of HIT a very similar personnel concept was already available to be adapted to the MIT specialties. Within 9 months the directly started hiring process resulted in three technical teams with excellent engineers and technicians but with little or no accelerator experience. In parallel, three accelerator physicists were appointed for the executive team of MIT. Nevertheless for all hired persons a training program was set up consisting of technical instructions, lectures on fundamental accelerator physics and control system basics. These common trainings were complemented by individual skills development schedules for the tasks in the technical teams. HIT accelerator experts substantially carried out the recommissioning but in addition the new MIT employees were trained in designated shifts in the control room. Thus after only 13 months the MIT operation crew was able to operate the accelerator facility from the first patient treatment day on.

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THPOY027

Commissioning Status of SuperKEKB Injector Linac

electron, gun, emittance, injection

4152

M. Satoh, M. Akemoto, D.A. Arakawa, Y. Arakida, A. Enomoto, Y. Enomoto, S. Fukuda, Y. Funakoshi, K. Furukawa, T. Higo, H. Honma, N. Iida, M. Ikeda, H. Iwase, H. Kaji, K. Kakihara, T. Kamitani, H. Katagiri, S. Kazama, M. Kikuchi, H. Koiso, S. Matsumoto, T. Matsumoto, H. Matsushita, S. Michizono, K. Mikawa, T. Mimashi, T. Miura, F. Miyahara, T. Mori, A. Morita, H. Nakajima, K. Nakao, T. Natsui, Y. Ogawa, Y. Ohnishi, S. Ohsawa, F. Qiu, I. Satake, D. Satoh, Y. Seimiya, T. Shidara, A. Shirakawa, M. Suetake, H. Sugimoto, T. Suwada, M. Tanaka, M. Tawada, Y. Yano, K. Yokoyama, M. Yoshida, R. Zhang, X. Zhou
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

The SuperKEKB main ring is currently being constructed for aiming at the peak luminosity of 8 x 10³⁵ cm^-2s⁻¹. The electron/positron injector linac upgrade is also going on for increasing the intensity of bunch charge with keeping the small emittance. The key upgrade issues are the construction of positron damping ring, a new positron capture system, and a low emittance photo-cathode rf electron source. The injector linac beam commissioning started in the October of 2013. In this paper, we report the present status and future plan of SuperKEKB injector commissioning.

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THPOY035

Machine Protection and Safe Operation of LIPAc Linear Accelerator

operation, rfq, SRF, vacuum

4178

A. Marqueta, J. Knaster, K. Nishiyama
IFMIF/EVEDA, Rokkasho, Japan
P.-Y. Beauvais, H. Dzitko
F4E, Germany
P. Cara
Fusion for Energy, Garching, Germany
H. Kobayashi
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
I. Podadera
CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain

A Li(d, xn) fusion relevant neutron source with a broad peak at 14 MeV is indispensable to characterize and qualify suitable structural materials for the plasma facing components in future fusion reactors. LIPAc (Linear IFMIF Prototype Accelerator), presently under its installation and commissioning phase in Rokkasho, will validate the concept of a 40 MeV deuteron accelerator with its 125 mA CW and 9 MeV deuteron beam for a total beam average power of 1.125 MW. The Machine Protection System (MPS) of LIPAc provides the essential interlock function of stopping the beam in case of excessive beam loss or other hazardous situations. However, approaching LIPAc beam commissioning Phase B (including RFQ powered by total 1.6 MW RF power) a risk analysis has been performed on all major technical systems to identify the sources of risk, apply the necessary countermeasures and enhance accelerator availability, avoiding unnecessary beam stop triggers and allowing a fast beam recovery whenever possible. The overall strategy for the machine protection at LIPAc is presented in this paper.

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THPOY057

RF Timing Distribution and Laser Synchronization Commissioning of PAL-XFEL

timing, laser, LLRF, FEL

4234

C.-K. Min, S.H. Jung, H.-S. Kang, C. Kim, I.S. Ko, S.J. Park
PAL, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea

PAL-XFEL requires <100 fs synchronization of LLRF systems and optical lasers for stable operation and even lower jitter is favorable in higher performance and pump-probe experiments. The RF timing distribution system is based on a 476 MHz reference line, which is converted to 2.856 GHz at 16 locations over 1.5 km distance using phase-locked DRO. The 2.856 GHz signals are amplified and split to 10 outputs, which is connected to LLRFs, BAMs, and DCMs through low timing drift cables. The jitter between two different PLDRO units is estimated to ~1 fs from 1 Hz to 1 MHz. The synchronization jitter between a Ti:sapphire laser and the 2.856 GHz signal is measured less than 20 fs.

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FRXBA01

Beam Halo Characterization and Mitigation

emittance, operation, collimation, simulation

4248

A.V. Aleksandrov
ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA

Beam halo is a serious issue in many machines, such as high intensity linacs and synchrotrons. This presentation reviews recent advances in halo characterization techniques, as well as methods to mitigate beam halo, such as collimation with associated handling of created secondary particles.

Slides FRXBA01 [17.743 MB]

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FRYAA02

ESS Progressing into Construction

neutron, target, beam-transport, cryomodule

4266

M. Lindroos, H. Danared, M. Eshraqi, R. Garoby, A. Jansson, Y.I. Levinsen, C.A. Martins, A. Ponton
ESS, Lund, Sweden

The construction of the European Spallation Source, ESS, started in summer 2014. At the site in Lund, the accelerator tunnel will be completed at the time of IPAC16, while prototyping and manufacturing or prepara-tions for manpower contributions are going on in more 23 laboratories distributed over the 12 European countries collaborating on the accelerator project. Major technical milestones have been reached include the testing of su-perconducting cavity prototypes of two families to values above design gradients, the first ESS modulator has been tested to 90 kV and the first klystron prototype has been received in April 2016. Equally important developments are taking place at many partner laboratories. The presen-tation will summarize the status of the ESS accelerator project by the time of IPAC16..

Slides FRYAA02 [66.734 MB]

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