IPAC2016 - List of Keywords (target)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOOCB01	PACMAN Project: A New Solution for the High-accuracy Alignment of Accelerator Components	alignment, quadrupole, collider, simulation	58
	H. Mainaud Durand, K. Artoos, M.C.L. Buzio, D. Caiazza, N. Catalán Lasheras, A. Cherif, I.P. Doytchinov, J.-F. Fuchs, A. Gaddi, N. Galindo Munoz, J. Gayde, S.W. Kamugasa, M. Modena, P. Novotny, S. Russenschuck, C. Sanz, G. Severino, D. Tshilumba, V. Vlachakis, M. Wendt, S. Zorzetti CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The beam alignment requirements for the next generation of lepton colliders have become increasingly challenging. As an example, the alignment requirements for the three major collider components of the CLIC linear collider are as follows. Before the first beam circulates, the Beam Position Monitors (BPM), Accelerating Structures (AS)and quadrupoles will have to be aligned up to 10 μm w.r.t. a straight line over 200 m long segments, along the 20 km of linacs. PACMAN is a study on Particle Accelerator Components' Metrology and Alignment to the Nanometre scale. It is an Innovative Doctoral Program, funded by the EU and hosted by CERN, providing high quality training to 10 Early Stage Researchers working towards a PhD thesis. The technical aim of the project is to improve the alignment accuracy of the CLIC components by developing new methods and tools addressing several steps of alignment simultaneously, to gain time and accuracy. The tools and methods developed will be validated on a test bench. This paper presents the technical systems to be integrated in the test bench, the results of the compatibility tests performed between these systems, as well as the final design of the PACMAN validation bench.
	Slides MOOCB01 [9.553 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOOCB01
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MOPMB007	Diamond Sensor Resolution in Simultaneous Detection of 1,2,3 Electrons at the PHIL Photoinjector Facility at LAL	electron, detector, experiment, simulation	84
	V. Kubytskyi, P. Bambade, S. Barsuk LAL, Orsay, France O.A. Bezshyyko, V. Krylov, V. Rodin National Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, The Faculty of Physics, Kyiv, Ukraine
	In this paper, we present experimental and numerical studies of the signals from the Poisson-like distributions resulting from electrons incident on a diamond sensor placed near the exit of the PHIL photoinjector facility at LAL. The experiments were performed at the newly commissioned Low Energy Electron TECHnology (LEETECH) platform at PHIL. Bunches of 10x9 electrons are first generated and accelerated to 3.5 MeV by PHIL. The electrons are then filtered in LEETECH by a system of collimators, using a dipole magnet for momentum selection. The diamond sensor is located immediately after the output collimator to collect electrons in the range 2.5-3 MeV. We show that with standard scCVD diamonds of 500 micrometers thickness, the energy losses from the first three MIP (minimum ionizing particle) electrons are clearly resolved. We did not observe distinguishable peaks in cases when a significant fraction of the incident electrons had energies below a MIP. The described technique can be used as complementary approach for calibration of diamond detectors as well as to diagnose and help control accelerated beams in a regime down to a few particles.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPMB007
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MOPMR003	Electron Bunch Length Measurement Using Coherent Radiation Source of fs-THz accelerator at Pohang Accelerator Laboratory	radiation, electron, linac, experiment	235
	J.H. Ko, I.S. Ko POSTECH, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea S.H. Jung, H.-S. Kang, I.S. Ko, J. Park PAL, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea
	A Michelson interferometer was installed at the femtosecond (fs) terahertz (THz) Accelerator of Pohang Accelerator Laboratory(PAL) to measure a subpicosecond order electron bunch length. To measure an ultra-short electron bunch length, we use reconstruction process and fast fourier transform. Currently, we are generating THz radiation with the pulse energy of 7μJ by means of coherent transition radiation (CTR) from a 65-MeV electron beam of the fs-THz accelerator. In this paper, we show the how to make a longitudinal distribution of electron bunch and the radiation intensity difference between CTR and Coherent edge radiation (CER) for nondestructive electron bunch length measurement. And we report the measurement methods to get the fine electron bunch length information.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPMR003
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MOPMR015	Optical Fibers as a Tool for Gamma Beam Diagnostics at Medical Electron Accelerators	betatron, detector, electron, radiation	258
	A.I. Novokshonov, V.I. Bespalov, A. Potylitsyn, D.A. Shkitov, S.R. Uglov, A.V. Vukolov TPU, Tomsk, Russia
	Funding: This work was partially supported by the Russian Ministry of Education and Science within the program "Nauka" Grant № 3.709.2014/K. The existing techniques for gamma beam diagnostics at medical accelerators based on X-ray films have several disadvantages such as insufficient spatial resolution, difficult realization and off-line mode. In the works,* a feasibility of Cherenkov radiation (CR) in glass fibers for charged particle beam diagnostics was demonstrated. An application of glass fibers scanning for gamma beam diagnostics may have a lot advantages including a possibility of on-line measurements. For this goal we used optical fiber with 0.6 mm diameter and length up to 10 m. An efficiency of CR generation in such fibers and signal attenuation in a long fiber were investigated using the Tomsk microtron electron beam. The shape of gamma beam field produced by the medical SL-75-5MT 6 MeV electron accelerator was measured using the proposed technique. It is shown there it is possible to measure not only gamma beam spatial distribution, but also its angular distribution. * Wulf, F. and Korfer, M. 2009 Proc. DIPAC2009 411. ** Murokh, A., Agustsson, R., Boucher, S., Frigola, P., Hodgetts, T., Ovodenko, A., Ruelas, M. and Tikhoplav, R. 2012 Proc. IPAC2012 996.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPMR015
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MOPMR016	A New Approach for the Electron Beam Diagnostic Using Diffraction Radiation Disphase Target	radiation, detector, simulation, diagnostics	261
	D.A. Shkitov, G.A. Naumenko, A. Potylitsyn TPU, Tomsk, Russia J. Urakawa KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
	Funding: The work was partially supported by the RFBR grant No 15-52-50028. Since 1995, when the diffraction radiation (DR) from relativistic particles was first observed, the development of new approaches using the DR for charged particle beam diagnostics is continued. The DR appears when charged particle moves close to the media and the electromagnetic field interacts with it. A rather well-known non-invasive diagnostic method of transversal bunch size is to use a slit target. In paper the optical DR from disphase target was proposed to use for non-invasive diagnostics of high energy electron beam. Disphase target consists of the two rectangular flat plates inclined with respect to each other at an angle compared with 1/g, where g is the Lorentz-factor. Recently the feasibility of the disphase target usage for the 6 MeV electron beam size diagnostics was investigated*. In this report we present the further research of the disphase target beam diagnostics. The simulations of the spectral-angular DR characteristics from this target and it application for diagnostics aim are shown. These calculations confirm an applicability of this technique for micron size beam measurements for the case of g>1000. Y. Shibata et al. //PRE 52, 6787 (1995) P. Karataev et al. //PRL 93, 244802 (2004) G. Naumenko et al. //Proc. of PAC TOAD004, 404 (2005) ***E.V. Kornoukhova et al. //JPCS, in press (2016)
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPMR016
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MOPMR020	Beam Diagnostics for ESS Commissioning and Early Operation	linac, diagnostics, DTL, optics	273
	A. Jansson, M. Eshraqi, S. Molloy ESS, Lund, Sweden
	The ESS linac design has evolved over time and is now quite stable. Recently, there has been a focused effort on developing more detailed installation and commissioning plan, and related to this, the plans for diagnostics has also been reviewed. This paper presents the updated diagnos-tics suite. Many of diagnostics systems will be developed by in-kind partners across Europe.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPMR020
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MOPMR021	Lifetime and Operational Criteria of Proton Beam Instrumentation in the ESS Target Station	electron, proton, radiation, monitoring	276
	Y. Lee, T.J. Shea, C.A. Thomas ESS, Lund, Sweden
	At the European Spallation Source, a 2 GeV, 5 MW proton beam will be delivered from a superconducting linear accelerator to target at a 4% duty factor, which poses demanding requirements on target station design. To tune the beam delivery system and to protect the target station components, the current density, the halo distribution, and the position of the proton beam shall be measured. To provide this functionality, a suite of beam monitoring devices will be deployed in the target monolith, including a multi-wire grid for the beam profile monitoring, thermo-couple assemblies and secondary emission blades for aperture monitoring, and a beam footprint imaging system consisting of optical components and luminescent coatings. Since these devices are exposed to particles that deposit energy and cause a high rate of radiation damage, it is a significant challenge to ensure full functionality. In this paper, material selection, lifetime estimates and operational criteria for these beam-monitoring devices are presented. A number of particle transport and finite-element simulations are performed for analyses, and an empirical validation plan is presented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPMR021
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MOPMR043	Optical System Design for The ESS Proton Beam and Target Diagnostics	optics, proton, radiation, diagnostics	347
	M.G. Ibison, C.P. Welsch Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom E. Adli, H. Gjersdal University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway M.G. Ibison, C.P. Welsch The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom T.J. Shea, C.A. Thomas, N. de la Cour ESS, Lund, Sweden
	Funding: Science and Technology Facilities Council The high power and low emittance of the European Spallation Source (ESS) proton beam require a robust protection strategy for the spallation target and its surroundings. For this, the beam will be imaged on passing through scintillator screens coating both the proton beam window (PBW) on exit from the accelerator, and the entry window to the target (TW). Light from the screens must be transported to remote cameras through a 4m high shielding plug of limited aperture. At the same time, the optical path must not compromise the integrity of the shield against neutrons and interaction products. We present the theory underlying the design of the reflective optics for efficient transmission of high-quality images to provide the desired level of protection to the machine, and describe its implementation in the Zemax software tool, as well as the predicted imaging performance. We also consider how the requirements of environment (thermal and radiation), initial alignment and ongoing maintenance for the optical system will be met. Finally we comment on the applicability of optics of this type for diagnostic systems in similar situations at other neutron sources and elsewhere.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPMR043
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MOPMR045	High Resolution and Dynamic Range Characterisation of Beam Imaging Systems	optics, laser, electron, simulation	354
	C.P. Welsch, R.B. Fiorito, J. Wolfenden Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom M. Bergamaschi, R. Kieffer, T. Lefèvre, S. Mazzoni CERN, Geneva, Switzerland R.B. Fiorito, C.P. Welsch, J. Wolfenden The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom P. Karataev, K.O. Kruchinin Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, United Kingdom P. Karataev, K.O. Kruchinin JAI, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom
	Funding: Work supported by the EU under grant agreement 624890 and the STFC Cockcroft Institute core grant ST/G008248/1. Any imaging system requires the use of various optical components to transfer the light from the source, e.g. optical radiation generated by a charged particle beam, to the sensor. The impact of the transfer optics on the image resolution is often not well known. To improve this situation, the point spread function (PSF) of the optical system must be measured, preferably, with high dynamic range. For this purpose we have created an intense, small (~ 1 μm) point source using a high quality laser and special focusing optics; and introduced a digital micro-mirror array in the optical system to substantially increase its dynamic range. The PSFs of optical systems that are currently being developed for high resolution, high dynamic range beam imaging using optical transition and diffraction radiation are measured and compared to Zemax simulations. The goal of these studies is to systematically understand and mitigate any ill effects on the PSF due to aberrations, diffraction and misalignment of the components of the imaging system. We present the results of our measurements and simulations.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPMR045
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MOPMR055	Radiation-Resistant Fiber Optic Strain Sensors for SNS Target Instrumentation	radiation, neutron, proton, detector	371
	Y. Liu, W. Blokland, J.D. Bryan, A. Rakhman, B.W. Riemer, R.L. Sangrey, M. Wendel, D.E. Winder ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA A. Rakhman UTK, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA R. Strum San Diego State University, San Diego, USA
	Funding: ORNL is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 for the U.S. DOE. Measurement of stresses and strains in the mercury target vessel of the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) is important to understand the structural dynamics of the target. Owing to their compactness, easy system integration, and invulnerability to the electromagnetic interference, fiber optic strain sensors have been installed into the SNS target module starting from the fall of 2015. In this talk, we report on the development of radiation-resistant fiber optic strain sensors for subsequent generations of SNS target instrumentation. The sensors are extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometers (EFPIs) made from fluorine-doped single-mode fibers. The radiation induced loss of the fiber has been measured in the SNS target 13 at the energy-on-target level exceeding 500 MWhr which results in peak doses on fiber of more than 10⁹ Gy. A superluminescent diode laser at 1300 nm is used as the light source and the strain is measured in real-time using quadrature phase shifted signals generated from a local interferometer. We have demonstrated successful measurements of strains from 1 to 1000 με at a kHz frequency range on a test plate using the developed interrogation optical system.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPMR055
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MOPOR037	Beam Halo Measurements using Vibrating Wire at the KOMAC	experiment, proton, laser, neutron	680
	D. Choe, M. Chung, S.Y. Kim UNIST, Ulsan, Republic of Korea S.G. Arutunian, A.V. Margaryan ANSL, Yerevan, Armenia E.G. Lazareva YSU, Yerevan, Armenia
	In high-intensity particle accelerators, due to the fact that preventing beam loss plays a crucial role in con-ducting any experiments, it is important to measure and control the beam halo. Fortunately, it is feasible nowadays to measure the beam halo region thanks to the development of several sensitive beam scanning methods, including the vibrating wire technique. Since the vibrating wire is exceptionally sensitive to the heat deposition by the beam particles, it can be used to scanning the beam profile. This study will be concentrated on the precise beam profile measurement using the vibrating wire at the Korea Multi-Purpose Accelerator Complex (KOMAC) facility. First, we describe the best condition to construct beam profile measurement experiment. Finally, we present the results of the beam halo measurements performed with 20 MeV proton beam at the KOMAC facility
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOR037
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MOPOY023	Further Steps Towards the Superconducting CW-LINAC for Heavy Ions at GSI	linac, cavity, heavy-ion, ion	896
	M. Schwarz, M. Basten, M. Busch, F.D. Dziuba, H. Podlech, U. Ratzinger, R. Tiede IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany W.A. Barth, V. Gettmann, M. Heilmann, S. Mickat, M. Miski-Oglu, S. Yaramyshev GSI, Darmstadt, Germany W.A. Barth, V. Gettmann, S. Mickat, M. Miski-Oglu HIM, Mainz, Germany
	Funding: Work supported by BMBF contr. No. 05P15RFRBA For future experiments with heavy ions near the coulomb barrier within the super-heavy element (SHE) research project a multi-stage R&D program of GSI, HIM and IAP is currently in progress. It aims at developing a superconducting (sc) continuous wave (cw) LINAC with multiple CH cavities as key components downstream the upgraded High Charge Injector (HLI) at GSI. The LINAC design is challenging, due to the requirement of intense beams in cw-mode up to a mass-to-charge-ratio of 6 while covering a broad output energy range from 3.5 to 7.3 MeV/u with minimum energy spread. The next milestone will be a full performance beam test of the first expansion stage at GSI, the Demonstrator, comprising two solenoids and a 15-gap CH cavity inside a cryostat.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOY023
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MOPOY040	Design of the 100 MeV Proton Beam Line for Low Flux Application	octupole, vacuum, beam-transport, proton	938
	H.-J. Kwon, Y.-S. Cho, C.R. Kim, H.S. Kim, S.G. Lee, S. Lee, S.P. Yun Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
	Funding: This work was supported by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning of the Korean Government. KOMAC has been operating two beam lines for user service since 2013. A new beam line was completed in 2015 for radioisotope production and has a plan to be commissioned in 2016. Another beam line was proposed to supply low flux beam to users. The maximum energy and average current are 100 MeV and 10 nA. The beam line consists of collimator, energy degrader, dipole magnet for energy separation and octupole magnet for uniform beam production. In this paper, the design of the beam line and its components is presented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOY040
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MOPOY045	ESS Linac Beam Physics Design Update	linac, rfq, DTL, proton	947
	M. Eshraqi, H. Danared, R. De Prisco, A. Jansson, Y.I. Levinsen, M. Lindroos, R. Miyamoto, M. Muñoz, A. Ponton ESS, Lund, Sweden
	The European Spallation Source, ESS, uses a linear accelerator to bombard the tungsten target with the high intensity protons beam for producing intense beams of neutrons. The nominal average beam power of the linac is 5~MW with a peak beam power at target of 125~MW. This paper focuses on the beam dynamics design of the ESS linac and the diagnostics elements used for the tuning of the lattice and matching between sections.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOY045
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TUZB01	High Power Proton Beam Targets: Technological Evolution, Current Challenges, and the Future	neutron, proton, operation, radiation	1075
	J. Galambos ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
	Funding: ORNL is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 for the U.S. Department of Energy. This talk reviews the history of proton beam target development and the current challenges associated with the operation of high power beam targets. Beyond providing high power proton beams, accelerator facilities must also engineer robust targets to accept the load and satisfy mission needs. Recently some high power facilities are limited by target operations, rather than accelerator capabilities. The outlook for targets for future high power facilities is also considered.
	Slides TUZB01 [8.971 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-TUZB01
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TUPMB035	Developments of HTS Magnets towards Application to Accelerators	operation, dipole, neutron, cyclotron	1180
	K. Hatanaka, M. Fukuda, K. Kamakura, H. Ueda, Y. Yasuda, T. Yorita RCNP, Osaka, Japan
	We have been developing magnets utilizing first generation HTS wire for this decade. HTS materials have advantages over LTS materials. Magnets can be operated at 20 K or higher temperature and the cooling structure becomes simpler. Owing to a large margin in operating temperature, it is possible to excite HTS magnets by AC or pulsed currents without quenching. After successful performance tests of proto type models, two magnets have been fabricated for practical use. A cylindrical magnet generates a magnetic field higher than 3.5 T at the center to polarized 210 neV neutrons. A dipole magnet is excited by pulse currents in order to deliver accelerated beams to two target stations by time sharing. Their design and operational performance are discussed.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-TUPMB035
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TUPMR004	Simulations of High Current NuMI Magnetic Horn Striplines at FNAL	simulation, proton, experiment, focusing	1230
	T. Sipahi, S. Biedron, S.V. Milton CSU, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA J. Hylen, R.M. Zwaska Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	Both the NuMI (Neutrinos and the Main Injector) beam line, that has been providing intense neutrino beams for several Fermilab experiments (MINOS, MINERVA, NOVA), and the newly proposed LBNF (Long Baseline Neutrino Facility) beam line which plans to produce the highest power neutrino beam in the world for DUNE (the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment) need pulsed magnetic horns to focus the mesons which decay to produce the neutrinos. The high-current horn and stripline design has been evolving as NuMI reconfigures for higher beam power and to meet the needs of the LBNF design. The CSU particle accelerator group has aided the neutrino physics experiments at Fermilab by producing EM simulations of magnetic horns and the required high-current striplines. In this paper, we present calculations, using the Poisson and ANSYS Maxwell 3D codes, of the EM interaction of the stripline plates of the NuMI horns at critical stress points. In addition, we give the electrical simulation results using the ANSYS Electric code. These results are being used to support the development of evolving horn stripline designs to handle increased electrical current and higher beam power for NuMI upgrades and for LBNF
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-TUPMR004
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TUPMR023	First Operational Experience of HIE-Isolde	detector, dipole, ion, experiment	1284
	J.A. Rodriguez, N. Bidault, E. Bravin, R. Catherall, E. Fadakis, P. Fernier, M.A. Fraser, M.J. Garcia Borge, K. Hanke, K. Johnston, Y. Kadi, M. Kowalska, M.L. Lozano Benito, E. Matli, S. Sadovich, E. Siesling, W. Venturini Delsolaro, F.J.C. Wenander CERN, Geneva, Switzerland M. Huyse, P. Van Duppen KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium J. Pakarinen JYFL, Jyväskylä, Finland E. Rapisarda PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland M. Zielinska Warsaw University, Warsaw, Poland
	The High Intensity and Energy ISOLDE project (HIE-ISOLDE)* is a major upgrade of the ISOLDE facility at CERN. The energy range of the post-accelerator will be extended from 2.85 MeV/u to 9.3 MeV/u for beams with A/q = 4.5 (and to 14.3 MeV/u for A/q = 2.5) once all the cryomodules of the superconducting accelerator are in place. The project has been divided into different phases, the first of which (phase 1a) finished in October 2015 after the hardware and beam commissioning were completed*. The physics campaign followed with the delivery of both radioactive and stable beams to two different experimental stations. The characteristics of the beams (energies, intensities, time structure and beam contaminants) and the plans for the next experimental campaign will be discussed in this paper. The HIE-ISOLDE Project, Journal of Physics: Conference Series 312. HIE-ISOLDE First Commissioning Experience, IPAC'16 Beam Commissioning of the HIE-ISOLDE Post-Accelerator, IPAC'16
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-TUPMR023
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TUPMR025	Design of the LBNF Beamline	proton, shielding, operation, extraction	1291
	V. Papadimitriou, K. Ammigan, J.E. Anderson, K. Anderson, R. Andrews, V.T. Bocean, C.F. Crowley, N. Eddy, B.D. Hartsell, S. Hays, P. Hurh, J. Hylen, J.A. Johnstone, P.H. Kasper, T.R. Kobilarcik, G.E. Krafczyk, B.G. Lundberg, A. Marchionni, N.V. Mokhov, C.D. Moore, D. Pushka, I.L. Rakhno, S.D. Reitzner, P. Schlabach, V.I. Sidorov, A.M. Stefanik, S. Tariq, L.R. Valerio, K. Vaziri, G. Velev, G.L. Vogel, K.E. Williams, R.M. Zwaska Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA C.J. Densham STFC/RAL, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
	Funding: Work supported by the Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy. The Long Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF) will utilize a beamline located at Fermilab to provide and aim a neutrino beam of sufficient intensity and appropriate energy range toward DUNE detectors, placed deep underground at the SURF Facility in South Dakota. The primary proton beam (60 - 120 GeV) will be extracted from the MI-10 section of Fermilab's Main Injector. Neutrinos are produced after the protons hit a solid target and produce mesons which are subsequently focused by magnetic horns into a 194 m long decay pipe where they decay into muons and neutrinos. The parameters of the facility were determined taking into account the physics goals, spacial and radiological constraints and the experience gained by operating the NuMI facility at Fermilab. The Beamline facility is designed for initial operation at a proton-beam power of 1.2 MW, with the capability to support an upgrade to 2.4 MW. LBNF/DUNE obtained CD-1 approval in November 2015. We discuss here the design status and the associated challenges as well as the R&D and plans for improvements before baselining the facility.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-TUPMR025
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TUPMR027	CERN's Fixed Target Primary Ion Programme	ion, extraction, proton, experiment	1297
	D. Manglunki, M.E. Angoletta, J. Axensalva, G. Bellodi, A. Blas, M.A. Bodendorfer, T. Bohl, S. Cettour-Cave, K. Cornelis, H. Damerau, I. Efthymiopoulos, A. Fabich, J.A. Ferreira Somoza, A. Findlay, P. Freyermuth, S.S. Gilardoni, S. Hancock, E.B. Holzer, S. Jensen, V. Kain, D. Küchler, A.M. Lombardi, A.I. Michet, M. O'Neil, S. Pasinelli, R. Scrivens, R. Steerenberg, G. Tranquille CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The renewed availability of heavy ions at CERN for the needs of the LHC programme has triggered the interest of the fixed-target community. The project, which involves sending several species of primary ions at various energies to the North Area of the Super Proton Synchrotron, has now entered its operational phase. The first argon run, with momenta ranging from 13 AGeV/c to 150 AGeV/c, took place from February 2015 to April 2015. This paper presents the status of the project, the performance achieved thus far and an outlook on future plans.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-TUPMR027
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TUPMR042	Transverse Profile Expansion and Homogenization for the Beamline of XIPAF	proton, experiment, optics, simulation	1346
	Z. Yang, C.T. Du, X. Guan, W. Wang, X.W. Wang, H.J. Yao, S.X. Zheng TUB, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	For the Xi'an 200 MeV Proton Application Facility (XiPAF), one important thing is to produce more homog-enous beam profile at the target to fulfill the requirements of the beam application. Here the beam line is designed to meet the requirement of beam expansion and homogenization, and the step-like field magnets are employed for the beam spot homogenization. The simulations results including space charge effects and errors show that the beam line can meet the requirements well at the different energies (from 10 MeV to 230 MeV) and different beam spot size (from 20mm to 200mm).
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-TUPMR042
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TUPMR044	Beam Test of the New Beamline for Radio-Isotope Production at KOMAC	vacuum, linac, isotope-production, proton	1349
	H.S. Kim KAERI, Daejon, Republic of Korea Y.-S. Cho, H.-J. Kwon, S.P. Yun Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
	Funding: This work has been supported through KOMAC (Korea Multi-purpose Accelerator Complex) operation fund of KAERI by MSIP (Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning). A high power proton linac is under operation at Korea multi-purpose accelerator complex (KOMAC). Currently, two beamlines are available and used to provide 20-MeV beam and 100-MeV beam to users from various fields. An additional 100-MeV beamline has been constructed mainly for production of radio-isotopes such as Sr-82 and Cu-67. Proton beam with the beam energy of 100 MeV and the average current of 0.6 mA is directed to the production target, which is located in a water-filled target chamber, through a beam window made of AlBeMet. The beam size at the target is designed to be about 100 mm in diameter. Installation of the beamline components including 1.5 T bending magnet and the beam diagnostic devices such as BPM and BCM is finished and beam commissioning is planned to start in early 2016. The details of newly-constructed beamline and the initial beam test results will be given in this paper.
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TUPMR051	New Spill Control for the Slow Extraction in the Multi-Cycling SPS	quadrupole, extraction, controls, proton	1371
	V. Kain, K. Cornelis, E. Effinger CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The flux of particles slow extracted with the 1/3 integer resonance from the Super Proton Synchrotron at CERN was previously controlled with a servo-spill feedback system which acted on the horizontal tune such as to keep the spill rate as constant as possible during the whole extraction time. The current in two servo-quadrupoles was modulated as a function of the difference between the measured and the desired spill rate. With servo quadrupoles at a single location in the SPS ring and the SPS in multi-cycling mode, the trajectory of the slow extracted beam was seen to change from cycle to cycle depending on the current applied by the servo feedback. Hence this system was replaced by a feed-forward tune correction using the main SPS quadrupoles. In this way the spill control can now be guaranteed without changing the trajectory of the extracted beam. This paper presents the algorithm and implementation in the control system and summarizes the advantages of the new approach. The obtained spill characteristics will be discussed. The technique implemented for the additional reduction of the 50 Hz noise on the spill structure will also be briefly outlined.
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TUPMR055	Solid Targetry for the Isotope Production Facility at the KOMAC 100 MeV Linac	proton, coupling, isotope-production, shielding	1384
	S.P. Yun, Y.-S. Cho, H.S. Kim, H.-J. Kwon, K.T. Seol, Y.G. Song Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea D.I. Kim KAERI, Daejon, Republic of Korea
	Funding: *This work was supported by the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning of the Korean Government. The construction of the isotope production facility was recently completed on the 100 MeV proton linac at the KOMAC (Korea multi-purpose accelerator complex). To produce the Sr-82 and Cu-67, we have prepared the solid targetry which consist of target transportation system , target cooling system and a hot-cell for remote handling. The Isotope production targets are made of RbCl pellet and stainless steel cladding. For the proton beam irradiation, the targets are transported by target drive system which consist of drive chain and guide rail by remotely. In this paper, we will report the detailed design, fabrication and operation status of the solid targetry at the KOMAC isotope production facility.
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TUPMR058	An Upgrade for the 1.4 MeV/u Gas Stripper at the GSI UNILAC	ion, injection, dipole, heavy-ion	1394
	P. Scharrer, W.A. Barth, Ch.E. Düllmann, J. Khuyagbaatar, A. Yakushev HIM, Mainz, Germany W.A. Barth, M. Bevcic, Ch.E. Düllmann, L. Groening, K.P. Horn, E. Jäger, J. Khuyagbaatar, J. Krier, P. Scharrer, A. Yakushev GSI, Darmstadt, Germany Ch.E. Düllmann Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Institut of Nuclear Chemistry, Mainz, Germany P. Scharrer Mainz University, Mainz, Germany
	The GSI UNILAC will serve as part of an injector system for the future FAIR facility, currently under construction in Darmstadt, Germany. For this, it has to deliver short-pulsed, high-current, heavy-ion beams with highest beam quality. An upgrade for the 1.4 MeV/u gas stripper is ongoing to increase the yield of uranium ions in the desired charge state. The new setup features a pulsed gas injection synchronized with the beam pulse transit to increase the effective density of the stripper target while keeping the gas load for the differential pumping system low. Systematic measurements of charge state distributions and energy-loss were conducted with 238U-ion beams and different stripper gases, including H2 and He. By using H2 as a stripper gas, the yield into the most populated charge state was increased by over 50%, compared to the current stripper. Furthermore, the high gas density, enabled by the pulsed injection, results in increased mean charge states.
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TUPMW019	First Evaluation of Dynamic Aperture at Injection for FCC-hh	dipole, injection, dynamic-aperture, simulation	1466
	B. Dalena, D. Boutin, A. Chancé, J. Payet CEA/IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France B.J. Holzer, R. Martin, D. Schulte CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Funding: This Research and Innovation Action project submitted to call H2020-INFRADEV-1-2014-1 receives funding from the European Union's H2020 Framework Programme under grant agreement no. 654305. In the hadron machine option, proposed in the context of the Future Circular Colliders (FCC) study, the dipole field quality is expected to play an important role, as in the LHC. A preliminary evaluation of the field quality of dipoles, based on the Nb3Sn technology, has been provided by the magnet group. The effect of these field imperfections on the dynamic aperture, using the present lattice design, is presented and first tolerances on the main multipole components are evaluated.
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TUPMY001	Very Low Emittance Muon Beam using Positron Beam on Target	positron, emittance, collider, electron	1536
	M. Antonelli, M.E. Biagini, M. Boscolo, A. Variola INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy E. Bagli INFN-Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy G. Cavoto INFN-Roma, Roma, Italy P. Raimondi ESRF, Grenoble, France
	Muon beams are customarily obtained via K/π decays produced in proton interaction on target. In this paper we investigate the possibility to produce low emittance muon beams from electron-positron collisions at centre-of-mass energy just above the μ⁺{+}μ⁺{-} production threshold with maximal beam energy asymmetry, corresponding to a positron beam of about 45 GeV interacting on electrons on target. Performances on both amorphous and crystal target are presented, and the general scheme for the muon production will be given. We present the main features of this scheme with a first preliminary evaluation of the performances that could be achieved by a multi-TeV muon collider.
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TUPMY008	Phase Rotation of Muon Beams for Producing Intense Low-energy Muon Beams	experiment, proton, simulation, solenoid	1556
	Y. Bao, Y. Bao, G. Hansen UCR, Riverside, California, USA D.V. Neuffer Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	Low-energy muon beams are useful for rare decay researches, providing access to new physics that cannot be addressed at high-energy colliders. However, the large initial energy spread of the muon beam greatly limits the efficiency of muon applications. In this paper we outline a phase rotation method to significantly increase the intensity of low-energy muons. The muons are first produced by a short pulsed proton driver, and after a drift channel they form a time-momentum correlation. A series of rf cavities is used to bunch the muons and then phase rotate the bunches so that all the bunches reaches a momentum around 100 MeV/c. Then another group of rf cavities is used to decelerate the muon bunches to low-energy. Such a method produces low-energy muons with an efficiency of 0.1 muon per 8 GeV proton, which is significantly higher than the current Mu2e experiment at Fermilab, and it provides the possibility for the next generation rare decay researches.
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TUPMY018	Recent Progress of Proton Acceleration at Peking University	laser, electron, ion, plasma	1588
	Q. Liao, Y.X. Geng, C. Lin, H.Y. Lu, W.J. Ma, X.Q. Yan, Y.Y. Zhao PKU, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	We study the enhanced laser ion acceleration using near critical density plasma lens attached to the front of a solid target. The laser quality is spontaneously improved by the plasma lens and energy density of hot electrons is greatly increased by the direct laser acceleration mechanism. Both factors will induce stronger sheath electric field at the rear surface of the target, which accelerates ions to a higher energy. Particle-in-cell simulations show that proton energy can be increased 2-3 times compared with single solid target. This result provides the opportunities for applications of laser plasma accelerator, such as cancer therapy. Further experiments will soon be carried out on 200 TW laser acceleration system at Peking University.
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TUPMY019	CLAPA Proton Beam Line in Peking University	proton, laser, plasma, ion	1592
	J.G. Zhu, J.E. Chen, C. Lin, H.Y. Lu, W.J. Ma, L. Tao, X.Q. Yan, K. Zhu PKU, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	Comparing with the conventional accelerator, the laser plasma accelerator can accelerate ions more effectively and greatly reduce the scale and cost. A laser accelerator− Compact Laser Plasma Accelerator (CLAPA) is being built at Institute of Heavy Ion physics of Peking University. According to the beam parameters from proof of principle experiments and theoretical simulations, we design the beam line for ions transport which is being built now and in the near future we will carry out experimental study with it. The beam line is mainly constituted by quadrupole and analyzing magnets . The quadrupole triplet lens collects protons generated from the target, while the analyzing magnet system will choose the protons with proper energy. The transport is simulated by program TRACK. The beam line is designed to deliver proton beam with the energy of 1~ 40MeV, energy spread of ±1% and 106-8 protons per pulse to satisfy the requirement of different experiments. The transmission efficiency is about 94% when the energy spread is ±1%.
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TUPMY035	Short-wavelength Radiation of a Small Charged Bunch in Presence of a Dielectric Prism	radiation, optics, polarization, vacuum	1626
	A.V. Tyukhtin, S.N. Galyamin Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia E.S. Belonogaya LETI, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
	Funding: Work is supported by the Grant from Russian Foundation for Basic Research (No. 15-02-03913). Investigation of radiation of a charged particle bunch in the presence of a large (compared with wavelengths under consideration) dielectric object can be performed using certain approximate methods. We develop here the method based on the known Stratton-Chu formulae which allows calculating the field everywhere outside the object including the Fresnel and Fraunhofer areas, as well as neighborhoods of focal points. The main problem considered here consists in investigation of radiation of a small bunch moving along boundary of a dielectric prism or in channel inside a prism. Approximate analytical solutions of the problem are obtained and typical numerical results are given. S.N. Galyamin and A.V. Tyukhtin, Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 064802, 2014.
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TUPMY044	Carbon and Mercury Target Systems for Muon Colliders and Neutrino Factories	proton, emittance, collider, factory	1641
	K.T. McDonald PU, Princeton, New Jersey, USA J.S. Berg, H.G. Kirk, D. Stratakis BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA X.P. Ding UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
	Funding: Work supported in part by US DOE Contract NO. DE-AC02-98CH110886 A high-power target is required to convert a powerful MW-class proton beam into an intense muon source or neutrino source in support of physics at the intensity frontier. The first phase of a Muon Collider or Neutrino Factory program may use a 6.75-GeV proton driver with beam power of only 1 MW. At this lower power it is favorable to use a graphite target with beam and target tilted slightly to the axis of a 20-T pion-capture solenoid around the target. Using the MARS15 (2014) code, we optimized the geometric parameters of the beam and target to maximize particle production at low energies by an incoming proton beam with kinetic energy of 6.75 GeV impinging on this carbon target. We also studied beam-dump configurations to suppress the rate of undesirable high-energy secondary particles in the beam. For a possible upgrade to a proton beam of multi-MW power, we considered a free-flowing mercury jet.
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TUPOW019	Preliminary Concept of Fast Positron Source Based on Photo-injector	positron, electron, simulation, linac	1785
	Z. Chu, J.G. Guo, Q. Luo, Z.R. Zhou USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
	Funding: Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (11375178 and 11575181) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, Grant No WK2310000046 Based on the past experience in slow positron beam, researchers at NSRL/USTC proposed a fast positron source for detection of material deep tiny flaws. Different from conventional positron sources used in positron annihilation techniques, the planned positron source will be a positron production linac, similar to positron injectors used in colliders. To compress the positron pulse, the bombarding electron beam comes from a short bunch photo-injector. A computer simulation was performed using EGS4 and PARMELA code. The bombarding electron bunch is 300pC, with an energy of 30MeV. Simulations results showed that it is reasonable to expect a beam of more than 10⁵ positrons per pulse for future positron annihilation studies. Further work is to be done to achieve precise control of beam energy.
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TUPOW047	Generation of a Coherent Cherenkov Radiation by using Electron Bunch Tilting	radiation, electron, gun, experiment	1870
	K. Sakaue Waseda University, Waseda Institute for Advanced Study, Tokyo, Japan R. Kuroda, Y. Taira AIST, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan M. Nishida, M. Washio Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan J. Urakawa KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
	We have been developing a compact accelerator based a laser photocathode rf electron gun at Waseda University. Low emittance and short bunched electron beam can be generated from the gun. Also, the rf transverse deflecting cavity was developed for the bunch length measurement. We performed an experiment for generating a coherent Cherenkov radiation using bunch tilting. The rf transverse deflector can give a tilt for the electron bunch, and the tilt angle was set to the Cherenkov radiating angle which determined by the target refractive index. We successfully demonstrated a coherent Cherenkov radiation and the characterization of the radiation. The principle of coherent Cherenkov radiation generation, the experimental results and future prospective will be presented at the conference.
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TUPOY003	Novel Approach to Utilize Proton Beams from High Power Laser Accelerators for Therapy	laser, proton, acceleration, radiation	1905
	U. Masood, M. Baumann, W. Enghardt, L. Karsch, J. Pawelke, S. Schürer OncoRay, Dresden, Germany M. Baumann German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany M. Baumann German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany T.E. Cowan, U. Schramm Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany T.E. Cowan, W. Enghardt, T. Herrmannsdoerfer, J. Pawelke, U. Schramm HZDR, Dresden, Germany K.M. Hofmann, J.J. Wilkens Technische Universität München, Klinikum rechts der Isar & Physics Department, Munich, Germany F. Kroll Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Institute of Radiation Physics, Dresden, Germany
	Funding: Supported by German BMBF, nos. 03Z1N511 and 03Z1O511 & DFG cluster of excellence MAP. Protons provide superior radiotherapy benefits to patients, but immense size and cost of the system limits it to only few centers worldwide. Proton acceleration on μm scale via high intensity laser is promising to reduce size and costs of proton therapy, but associated beamlines are still big and massive. Also, in contrast to conventionally accelerated quasi-continuous mono-energetic pencil beams, laser-driven beams have distinct beam properties, i.e. ultra-intense pico-sec bunches with large energy spread and large divergences, and with low repetition rate. With new lasers with petawatt power, protons with therapy related energies could be achieved, however, the beam properties make it challenging to adapt them directly for medical applications. We will present our compact beamline solution including energy selection and divergence control, and a new beam scanning and dose delivery system with specialized 3D treatment planning system for laser-driven proton beams. The beamline is based on high field iron-less pulsed magnets and about three times smaller than the conventional systems, and can provide high quality clinical treatment plans. U. Masood et al, Applied Phys B, 117(1):41-52, 2014 ** K.M. Hofmann et al, Medical Physics, 42(9):5120-5129, 2015
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TUPOY016	The Optimized X-ray Target of Electron Linear Accelerator for Radiotherapy	electron, simulation, linac, detector	1933
	N. Juntong, K. Pharaphan SLRI, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
	The x-ray target in medical electron linear accelerator is an important part in the production of x-ray photon beam. X-ray dose rate is depended on materials and thickness of the target. For the low cost 6 MeV prototype of medical linac in Thailand, this study gives the optimized x-ray target in which the dose rate can be maximized. MCNP simulations were performed during an optimization for a high x-ray dose rate at 1 meter away from the target. Progression of the project is also presented.
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TUPOY017	Beam Energy Deposition from PS Booster and Production Rates of Selected Medical Radioisotopes in the CERN-MEDICIS Target	proton, booster, ion, extraction	1936
	B.C. Gonsalves, R.J. Barlow, S.C. Lee IIAA, Huddersfield, United Kingdom R.M. Dos Santos Augusto LMU, München, Germany T. Stora CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	CERN-MEDICIS uses the scattered (ca. 90%) 1.4 GeV, 2 uA protons delivered by the PS Booster to the ISOLDE target, which would normally end up in the beam dump. After irradiation, the MEDICIS target is transported back to an offline isotope mass separator, where the produced isotopes are mass separated, and are then collected. The required medical radioisotopes are later chemically separated in the class A laboratory. The radioisotopes are transported to partner hospitals for processing and preparation for medical use, imaging or therapy. Production of the isotopes is affected by the designs of the ISOLDE and MEDICIS targets. The MEDICIS target unit is a configurable unit, allowing for variations in target material as well as ion source for the production of selected medical radioisotopes. The energy deposition on both targets is simulated using the Monte Carlo code FLUKA, along with the in-beam production of some medical isotopes of interest. Diffusion and effusion efficiencies are then applied to estimate their production.
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TUPOY019	Geant4 Simulations of Proton-induced Spallation for Applications in ADSR Systems	neutron, proton, simulation, experiment	1943
	S.C. Lee IIAA, Huddersfield, United Kingdom C. Bungau, R. Cywinski University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom
	Neutron spallation is an efficient process for producing intense neutron fluxes that can be exploited in Accelerator Driven Subcritical Reactors (ADSRs) for energy production and the transmutation of nuclear waste. In order to assess the feasibility of spallation driven fission and transmutation we have simulated proton induced neutron production using GEANT4, initially benchmarking our simulations against published experimental neutron spectra produced from a thick lead target bombarded with 0.5 and 1.5 GeV protons. The Bertini and INCL models available in GEANT4, coupled with the high precision (HP) neutron model, are found to adequately reproduce the published experimental data. Given the confidence in the GEANT4 simulations provided by this benchmarking we have then proceeded to simulate neutron production as a function of target geometry and thence to some preliminary studies of neutron production in an ADSR with a geometry similar to that of the proposed Belgian MYRRHA project. This paper presents the results of our GEANT4 benchmarking and simulations.
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TUPOY020	Compact Accelerator Based Neutron Source for 99mTc Production	neutron, proton, rfq, cyclotron	1946
	R. Seviour University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom I.R. Bailey Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom H.L. Owen UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
	Funding: The authors would like to thank STFC UK for their support of this work The radioisotope Technetium-99m (^99mTc) is used in 85\% of all nuclear medicine procedures. ^99mTc is produced from its precursor Molybdenum-99 (⁹⁹Mo), which until recently was produced in only five research reactors worldwide. Recently a number of accelerator-based methods have been proposed to fill this gap and to diversify this supply chain. In the paper we present our base compact (4 m) 10 mA 3.5 MeV accelerator design, to generate low-energy neutrons via fusion. In this design we increase neutron capture with a novel moderator assembly to shift the neutron spectrum into the epithermal resonance region of the ⁹⁸Mo capture cross-section to create ⁹⁹Mo. In this paper we examine Li(p, n) reactions for neutron production. Specifically focused on a numerical studies for an optimised target design capable of handling the heat load.
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TUPOY021	Characterisation of the Spectra of Spallation Neutron Sources through Modelling	neutron, proton, simulation, resonance	1950
	R.J. Barlow, A. Rummana IIAA, Huddersfield, United Kingdom R. Seviour University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom
	We characterise the neutron flux and energy spectra produced by protons on a lead target. This may enable studies of the neutronics of an ADSR, to be separated from the higher energy spallation processes, in order to explore te potential of ADSR as a better alternative for energy production, safety and waste transmutation. We consider a range of proton energies, and show how the numbers of neutrons produced can be fitted by some simple functions of the proton energy, as can the spatial and energy distributions. These calculations were performed in both MCNPX and Geant4 and we compare and benchmark the low energy neutron spectra obtained by MCNPX code and a Monte Carlo Code Geant4 against each other. Discrepancies were found for the low energy neutron spectrum, but by using different models as calculation options for low energy neutrons in Geant4, this disagreement has been significantly reduced.
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TUPOY023	A Compact and High Current FFAG for the Production of Radioisotopes for Medical Applications	proton, injection, simulation, space-charge	1957
	D. Bruton, R.J. Barlow, T.R. Edgecock, R. Seviour University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom C. Johnstone PAC, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	A low energy Fixed Field Alternating Gradient (FFAG) accelerator has been designed for the production of radioisotopes. Tracking studies have been conducted using the OPAL code, including the effects of space charge. Radioisotopes have a wide range of uses in medicine, and recent disruption to the supply chain has seen a renewed effort to find alternative isotopes and production methods. The design features separate sector magnets with non-scaling, non-linear field gradients but without the counter bends commonly found in FFAG's. The machine is isochronous at the level of 0.3% up to at least 28 MeV and hence able to operate in Continuous Wave (CW) mode. Both protons and helium ions can be used with this design and it has been demonstrated that proton beams with currents of up to 20 mA can be accelerated. An interesting option for the production of radioisotopes is the use of a thin internal target. We have shown that this design has large acceptance, ideal for allowing the beam to be recirculated through the target many times, the lost energy being restored on each cycle. In this way, the production of Technetium-99m, for example, can take place at the optimum energy.
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TUPOY029	Gem*Star Consortium Proposal to Build a Demonstration Accelerator Driven System	operation, proton, site, neutron	1973
	R.P. Johnson, R.J. Abrams, M.A.C. Cummings, T.J. Roberts Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA R.B. Vogelaar Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
	The GEMSTAR Consortium of four companies, two universities, and two US national laboratories has formed MuSTAR, a new company, to fund and build a profitable pilot plant to demonstrate the advantages of subcritical molten-salt-fueled nuclear reactors driven by superconducting RF proton linacs. The GEMSTAR multipurpose reactor design features new accelerator power capabilities, an internal spallation neutron target, and high temperature molten salt fuel with continuous purging of volatile radioactive fission products such that the reactor contains less than a critical mass and almost a million times fewer volatile radioactive fission products than conventional reactors. GEMSTAR is a reactor that without redesign will burn spent nuclear fuel (SNF), natural uranium, thorium, or surplus weapons material. It will operate without the need for a critical core, fuel enrichment, or reprocessing, making it an excellent design overall, and a strong candidate for export. We describe the design and plans for funding a pilot plant that could profitably dispose of excess weapons-grade plutonium.
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TUPOY042	Schemes for the Accelerator-driven System	proton, cyclotron, neutron, operation	1995
	T.-Y. Lee, H.-S. Lee, S. Shin PAL, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea
	Accelerator-Driven system (ADS) is considered the fu-ture nuclear reactor. In principle, it is safer and creates less waste than the conventional nuclear reactor, and provides the transmutation function that converts spent fuel into short-lived elements. However, to fully realize this system, a huge proton accelerator (typically, 1 GeV beam energy and over 10 MW beam power) with ex-tremely high operational stability is necessary. This paper discusses how the currently available technology can be applied for nuclear transmutation.
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TUPOY043	GEM*STAR Accelerator-Driven Subcritical System for Improved Safety, Waste Management, and Plutonium Disposition	neutron, proton, simulation, operation	1998
	M.A.C. Cummings, R.P. Johnson, T.J. Roberts Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA
	Operation of high-power SRF particle accelerators at two US national laboratories allows us to consider a less-expensive nuclear reactor that operates without the need for a critical core, fuel enrichment, or reprocessing. A multipurpose reactor design that takes advantage of this new accelerator capability includes an internal spallation neutron target and high-temperature molten-salt fuel with continuous purging of volatile radioactive fission products. The reactor contains less than a critical mass and almost a million times fewer volatile radioactive fission products than conventional reactors like those at Fukushima. We describe GEMSTAR , a reactor that without redesign will burn spent nuclear fuel, natural uranium, thorium, or surplus weapons material. A first application is to burn 34 tonnes of excess weapons grade plutonium as an important step in nuclear disarmament under the 2000 Plutonium Management and Disposition Agreement **. The process heat generated by this W-Pu can be used for the Fischer-Tropsch conversion of natural gas and renewable carbon into 42 billion gallons of low-CO2-footprint, drop-in, synthetic diesel fuel for the DOD.
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TUPOY045	Effect of the Beam Time Structure on the Neutronics of an Accelerator Driven Subcritical Reactor	neutron, proton, operation, controls	2004
	M. Haj Tahar, F. Méot BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy. When designing a high power accelerator for an ADSR, it is important to optimize the beam parameters to be compatible with the steady state character of the reactor operation and to define an adequate and safe startup procedure. In this study we investigate the impact of the beam time structure on the kinetic behavior of the sub-critical core and derive a general relationship between the time evolution of the neutron population and the proton beam.
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TUPOY046	Study on NRF-CT Imaging by Laser Compton Backscattering Gamma-rays in UVSOR	detector, laser, photon, resonance	2007
	H. Ohgaki, I. Daito, T. Kii, H. Zen Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan T. Hayakawa, T. Shizuma JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan M. Katoh, J. Yamazaki UVSOR, Okazaki, Japan Y. Taira, H. Toyokawa AIST, Tsukuba, Japan
	Funding: This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 26289363, 24340060 and the Joint Studies Program (2014) of the Institute for Molecular Science. Monochromatic gamma-ray beam in MeV energy region is suitable for non-destructive inspection of high density and massive objects because of its high penetrability. A specific nuclide can be detected by the process of Nuclear Resonance Fluorescence (NRF). A non-destructive inspection of Special Nuclear Materials hidden in a container cargo using NRF is proposed by Bertozzi. Non-destructive detection of Pu inside of a spent nuclear fuel rod is also proposed for management of radioactive wastes, nuclear material accounting and safeguards. We have developed 2D NRF imaging by using quasi-monochromatic gamma-ray beam in MeV energy region generated by Laser Compton Backscattering (LCS) method** and proposed to develop an NRF-CT image in the ELI-NP where a high intensity LCS beam can be available in near future. To demonstrate and finalize the measurement system of the NRF-CT imaging by using LCS gamma-ray beam, we have started a study on NRF-CT imaging at the new LCS beamline in UVSOR. The LCS beamline can generate 5.4 MeV LCS gamma-rays with a flux of 1×10⁷ photons/s. We have measured the 5.291 MeV NRF gamma-rays from a lead target in this beamline and tried to take a NRF-CT image. * W. Bertozzi et al., Nucl. Inst. Meth. B241, 820-825 (2005). B. Ludewigt et al., Proc. of 2010 ANS meeting (2010). * H. Toyokawa et al., JJAP, 50, 100209 (2011).
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WEOBA03	High Brilliance Uranium Beams for FAIR	brilliance, emittance, ion, injection	2052
	W.A. Barth, A. Adonin, Ch.E. Düllmann, M. Heilmann, R. Hollinger, E. Jäger, O.K. Kester, J. Khuyagbaatar, J. Krier, E. Plechov, P. Scharrer, W. Vinzenz, H. Vormann, A. Yakushev, S. Yaramyshev GSI, Darmstadt, Germany Ch.E. Düllmann, J. Khuyagbaatar, P. Scharrer, A. Yakushev HIM, Mainz, Germany Ch.E. Düllmann Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Institut of Nuclear Chemistry, Mainz, Germany P. Scharrer Mainz University, Mainz, Germany
	The 40 years old GSI-UNILAC (Universal Linear Accelerator) as well as the heavy ion synchrotron SIS18 will serve as a high current heavy ion injector for the new FAIR (Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research) synchrotron SIS100. Due to an advanced machine investigation program in combination with the ongoing UNILAC upgrade program, a new uranium beam intensity record (10 emA, U²⁹⁺) at very high beam brilliance was achieved recently in a machine experiment campaign. This is an important step paving the way to fulfill the FAIR heavy ion high intensity beam requirements. Results of high current uranium beam measurements applying a newly developed pulsed hydrogen gas stripper (at 1.4 MeV/u) will be presented in detail.
	Slides WEOBA03 [2.281 MB]
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WEOCA02	First Operational Experience with an Internal Halo Target at RHIC	operation, detector, collider, experiment	2070
	C. Montag BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy. An internal halo target has been installed in the STAR detector at RHIC to extend the energy range towards lower energies and increase the event rates in the search for the critical point in the QCD phase diagram. We discuss geometric considerations that led to the present target layout and present first operational results.
	Slides WEOCA02 [1.605 MB]
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WEXB01	Status, Plans and Potential Applications of the ELIMED Beam Line at ELI-Beamlines	laser, ion, proton, acceleration	2077
	G.A.P. Cirrone, L. Allegra, A. Amato, A. Amico, G. Candiano, A.C. Caruso, L. Cosentino, M. Costa, G. Cuttone, G. De Luca, G. Gallo, S. Gammino, G. Larosa, R. Leanza, R. Manna, V. Marchese, G. Milluzzo, G. Petringa, J. Pipek, P.S. Pulvirenti, F. Romano, S. Salamone, F. Schillaci, V. Scuderi INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy G. Korn, D. Margarone, V. Scuderi ELI-BEAMS, Prague, Czech Republic
	Charged particle acceleration using ultra-intense and ultra-short laser pulses has gathered a strong interest in the scientific community and it is now one of the most attractive topics in the relativistic laser-plasma interaction research. Indeed, it could represent the future of particle acceleration and open new scenarios in multidisciplinary fields, in particular, medical applications. One of the biggest challenges consists of using, in a future perspective, high intensity laser-target interaction to generate high-energy ions for therapeutic purposes, eventually replacing the old paradigm of acceleration, characterized by huge and complex machines. In this framework, INFN-LNS (Italian Institute of Nuclear Physics, Catania (I)) in collaboration with ELI-Beamline Institute (Dolny Brezany, CZ) will realise, within 2017 the ELIMED (ELI-Beamlines MEDical and multidisciplinary applications) beamline. ELIMED will be the first Users' addressed transport beamline dedicated to the medical and multidisciplinary studies with laser-accelerated ion beams.
	Slides WEXB01 [29.683 MB]
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WEOAB01	Advanced Acceleration Mechanisms for Laser Driven Ions by PW-lasers	laser, ion, acceleration, electron	2082
	S.S. Bulanov, E. Esarey, Q. Ji, W. Leemans, T. Schenkel, S. Steinke LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
	Funding: This work was supported by LDRD funding from Berkeley Laboratory, provided by the Director, Office of Science, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. With the fast development of laser technology the energy of laser accelerated proton beams rose up to almost 100 MeV. The PW-class laser facilities that are being built right now or are already in operation, such as the Berkeley Lab Laser Accelerator (BELLA) Center, will offer peak intensities approaching 10²² W/cm². This will allow the development of a new generation laser ion accelerators for numerous applications. The integral part of this task is the investigation of the advanced acceleration mechanisms for laser driven ion beams that would allow for a high degree of control over the angular and energy distributions of ion beams, as well as the increase of the maximum ion energy. We will present recent theoretical and simulation results on three advanced acceleration mechanisms: (i) Directed Coulomb Explosion, (ii) Radiation Pressure Acceleration, and (iii) Magnetic Vortex acceleration*. Reference: S. S. Bulanov et al, Phys. Rev. E 78, 026412 (2008). S. S. Bulanov et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 105003 (2015). * S. S. Bulanov et al, Phys. Rev. STAB 18, 061302 (2015).
	Slides WEOAB01 [39.942 MB]
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WEYB01	Diagnostic Systems of the PAL-XFEL	electron, electronics, diagnostics, pick-up	2091
	C. Kim, S.Y. Baek, H. J. Choi, J.H. Hong, H.-S. Kang, G. Kim, J.H. Kim, I.S. Ko, S.J. Lee, G. Mun, B.G. Oh, B.R. Park, D.C. Shin, H. Yang PAL, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea
	The Pohang Accelerator Laboratory (PAL) started an x-ray free electron laser project (PAL-XFEL) in 2011. The construction was finished at the end of 2015 and the commissioning is planned from the beginning of 2016. In the PAL-XFEL, an electron beam with 200 pC will be generated from a photocathode RF gun and will be accelerated to 10 GeV by using a linear accelerator. The electron beam will pass through undulator section to produce hard X-ray radiation. For the successful commissioning and beam operation, various kinds of instruments were prepared.
	Slides WEYB01 [11.770 MB]
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WEOBB03	A Non-destructive Profile Monitor Using a Gas Sheet	electron, ion, proton, experiment	2102
	N. Ogiwara, Y. Hikichi, J. Kamiya, M. Kinsho, Y. Namekawa JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan M. Fukuda, K. Hatanaka, T. Shima RCNP, Osaka, Japan
	We are developing a dense gas-sheet target to realize a non-destructive and fast-response beam profile monitor for 3 GeV rapid cycling synchrotron (RCS) in the J-PARC. This time, to demonstrate the function of the gas sheet for measuring the 2 dimensional profiles of the accelerated beams, the following experiments were carried out: 1) The gas sheet with a thickness of 1.5 mm and the density of 2×10^-4 Pa was generated by the combination of the deep slit and the thin slit. Here, the gas sheet was produced by the deep slit, and the shape of the sheet was improved by the thin slit. 2) For the electron beam of 30 keV with a diameter greater than 0.35 mm, the position and the two-dimensional profiles were well measured using the gas sheet. 3) Then the profiles of the 400 MeV proton beam with a current of 1×10-6 A was well measured, too.
	Slides WEOBB03 [4.718 MB]
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WEPMB014	Cavity Performance of the Prototype KEK Superconducting RF Gun	cathode, cavity, gun, SRF	2148
	T. Konomi, E. Kako, E. Kako, Y. Kobayashi, Y. Kobayashi, K. Umemori, K. Umemori, S. Yamaguchi KEK, Ibaraki, Japan R. Matsuda Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd. (MHI), Takasago, Japan T. Yanagisawa MHI, Hiroshima, Japan
	A superconducting RF (SRF) gun can generate a high current and high energy beam. It has a possibility to achieve requirement from high performance ERL and high repetition FEL. Target values of the L-band KEK SRF gun are that beam repetition is 1.3 GHz, beam current is 100 mA, beam energy is 2 MeV, emittance is 1 mm mrad or less. The number of cell is 1.5. Accelerating energy of 2 MeV corresponds to 42 MV/m of maximum surface field. The photocathode is designed to be illuminated by excitation laser from backside. The SRF gun cavity consists of the 1.5 cell accelerating cavity, cathode plug and choke filter for protecting the heating of cathode plug. To evaluate these parts individually, these parts are added step by step. High gradient test of the accelerating cell without cathode plug and choke filter was done. The surface peak electric field reached 66 MV/m, and this meet the target value 42 MV/m sufficiently. Next high gradient test will be done after adding the choke filter. The choke filter is designed to be simple to wash choke cell easier. In this conference, we will report the design, fabrication and high gradient performance of the SRF gun cavity with choke filter.
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WEPMB031	Post Processing of Spoke Type Superconducting Cavities at Institute of High Energy Physics	cavity, linac, proton, SRF	2191
	J. Dai, J.P. Dai, F.S. He, X. Huang, L.H. Li, Z.Q. Li, H.Y. Lin, Z.C. Liu, B. Ni, W.M. Pan, P. Sha, G.W. Wang, Q.Y. Wang, Z. Xue, X.Y. Zhang, G.Y. Zhao IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	Funding: Work supported by Chinese Academy of Science strategic Priority Research Program-Future Advanced Nuclear Fission Energy. After upgrading the post-processing system, several superconducting cavities were RF tested at Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP) in China recently. The test results of 14 spoke 012 cavities and 6 spoke 021 cavities which used at China ADS injector I and linac all exceeds our design objective. Moreover, a spoke 040, a 650MHz elliptical cavity and a 325MHz HWR cavity are also vertical tested and the test results are all significantly surpass our design value. The post processing of these cavities including Buffered Chemical Polishing (BCP), high temperature heat treatment and High Pressure water Rinsing (HPR) is presented here. daijin@pku.edu.cn
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WEPMB036	High Pressure Rinsing for Niobium Superconducting Cavity	cavity, niobium, SRF, operation	2202
	Y. Jung, M.J. Joung, M. Lee IBS, Daejeon, Republic of Korea J. Lee, J. Seo Vitzrotech Co., Ltd., Ansan City, Kyunggi-Do, Republic of Korea
	Niobium superconducting cavity is treated with high pressure rinsing to clean the inner surface of the cavity. Either organic or inorganic residues on the inner surface of the cavity can cause serious problems during the cavity operation. A thermal quenching - superconducting material loses its superconductivity - is a typical phenomenon brought out by harmful defects by increasing critical temperature. We have performed high pressure rinsing experiments to check out a prototype HPR machine. HPR experiments were performed with a simplified cavity structure, and analyzed as a function of the pressure, the distance from a nozzle, and the sizes of defects on the niobium surface. In this presentation, we will discuss the performance of the prototype HPR machine.
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WEPMB057	First Results of Magnetic Field Penetration Measurements on Multilayer S-I-S Structures	SRF, cavity, niobium, experiment	2245
	O.B. Malyshev, K.D. Dumbell, L. Gurran, N. Pattalwar, S.M. Pattalwar, R. Valizadeh STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom A.V. Gurevich ODU, Norfolk, Virginia, USA L. Gurran Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom L. Gurran Cockcroft Institute, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom O.B. Malyshev, S.M. Pattalwar, R. Valizadeh Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
	The performance of superconducting RF cavities made of bulk Nb is limited by a breakdown field of Bp=~200 mT, close to the superheating field for Nb. A potentially promising solution to enhance the breakdown field of the SRF cavities beyond the intrinsic limits of Nb is a multilayer coating suggested in [1]. In the simplest case, such a multilayer may be a superconductor-insulator-superconductor (S-I-S) coating, for example, bulk niobium (S) coated with a thin film of insulator (I) followed by a thin layer of another superconductor (S) which could be e.g. dirty niobium [2]. Here we report the first results of our measurements of field penetration in Nb thin films and Nb-AlN-Nb multilayer samples at 4.2 K using the magnetic field penetration facility designed, built and tested in ASTeC.
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WEPMR016	Vertical Electropolishing Studies at Cornell with KEK and Marui	cathode, cavity, SRF, niobium	2295
	F. Furuta, G.M. Ge, T. Gruber, J.J. Kaufman, J. Sears Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA V. Chouhan, Y.I. Ida, K.N. Nii, T.Y. Yamaguchi MGH, Hyogo-ken, Japan H. Hayano, S. Kato, T. Saeki KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
	Cornell's SRF group has developed Vertical Electro-Polishing (VEP) and applied on 1.3GHz Niobium SRF cavities as the primary surface treatment. High-Q and high voltage performances of VEP'ed SRF cavities had been successfully demonstrated at Cornell. In 2014, new VEP R&D collaboration has started between Cornell, KEK, and Marui Galvanizing Co. Ltd. (MGI). MGI and KEK has developed their original VEP cathode named 'i-cathode Ninja'® which has four retractable wing-shape parts per cell for single-/9-cell cavities. We will report the results of VEP process using 'i-cathode Ninja'® on single cell cavity at Cornell.
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WEPMR022	ERL Main Linac Cryomodule Cavity Performance and Effect of Thermal Cycling	cavity, cryomodule, linac, SRF	2312
	F. Furuta, J. Dobbins, R.G. Eichhorn, G.M. Ge, D. Gonnella, G.H. Hoffstaetter, M. Liepe, T.I. O'Connell, P. Quigley, D.M. Sabol, J. Sears, E.N. Smith, V. Veshcherevich Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
	Cornell has designed, fabricated, and tested a high current (100 mA) CW SRF prototype cryomodule for the future energy-recovery linac (ERL) based synchrotron-light facility at Cornell . It houses six 7-cell SRF cavities with individual HOM absorbers and one magnet/ BPM section. Cavities are targeted to operate with high Qo of 2.0·10¹⁰ at 16.2 MV/m, 1.8 K in continuous wave (CW) mode. We will report the RF test results of 7-cell cavities in this cryomodule after initial cooldown and several thermal cycles with different cooldown method.
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WEPMW001	End-to-End Beam Simulations for the New Muon G-2 Experiment at Fermilab	proton, storage-ring, experiment, simulation	2408
	M. Korostelev, I.R. Bailey, A. Wolski Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom I.R. Bailey Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom A. Herrod, A. Wolski The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom J.P. Morgan Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA W. Morse, D. Stratakis, V. Tishchenko BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	The aim of the new muon g-2 experiment at Fermilab is to measure the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon with an unprecedented uncertainty of 140 ppb. A beam of positive muons required for the experiment is created by pion decay. Detailed studies of the beam dynamics and spin polarization of the muons are important to predict systematic uncertainties in the experiment. In this paper, we present the results of beam simulations and spin tracking from the pion production target to the muon storage ring. The end-to-end beam simulations are developed in Bmad and include the processes of particle decay, collimation (with accurate representation of all apertures) and spin tracking.
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WEPMY002	SLRI Beam Test Facility Development Project	electron, synchrotron, detector, booster	2539
	K. Kittimanapun, N. Chanlek, S. Cheedket, N. Juntong, P. Klysubun, S. Krainara, K. Sittisard, S. Supajeerapan SLRI, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
	Funding: This work is supported by the National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA) under contract FDA-C0-2558-855-TH. The SLRI Beam Test Facility (SLRI BTF) is a part of the future upgrades of the SLRI accelerator complex. Upon completion, SLRI BTF will be able to produce electron test beams with the number of electrons ranging from a few to several thousand electrons per bunch. The project is divided into three stages based on the complexity of the electron reduction setups. The simple setup for the initial stage has been implemented without any modifications to the current high-energy beam transport line (HBT) while additional elements together with an existing 4-degree dipole are required for the short-term setup in the second stage. For the last stage, a new dedicated transfer line equipped with a high-resolution energy selector will be constructed to direct the electron beam from the HBT beam line to an experimental station. This project aims to provide a defined number of electrons with maximum energy of 1 GeV for calibration and testing of high energy detectors as well as other beam diagnostic instrumentations.
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WEPMY011	Compact Laser Plasma Accelerator at Peking University	laser, plasma, acceleration, electron	2569
	L.R.F. Li, J.E. Chen, S.C. Gao, Y.X. Geng, Q. Liao, J B. Liu, H.Y. Lu, X.Q. Yan, Y.Y. Zhao, Y.Y. Zhu PKU, Beijing, People's Republic of China Y.R. Shou Peking University, School of Physics, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	A brand new and solely accelerator based on the interaction physics of high intensity ultrafast laser and plasmas, named Compact LAser Plasma Accelerator (CLAPA), was recently built. The laser system can deliver 5J/25fs @ 800nm pulses with contrast of 10^-10. Experiments on electron acceleration is scheduled with the regime of laser wakefield acceleration. The charge and the energy spread of the accelerated electron beams will be concerned mainly. The experiments is planned with gas targets with single and dual stages. For the single stage acceleration, we will try density ramp injection and a loose focusing for a monoenergetic electron beam with more charge for some applications. With the PIC simulations and new injection methods, it is expected to generate GeV/tens pC electron beam with an energy spread of <1%. For the two stage cascaded acceleration, we will focus on the staged acceleration and control of the injection of the second stage, as well as the acceleration length of the second stage by manipulating the parameters of the gas target as well as the laser itself. The far future goal of the second plan is to develop a designable and applicable accelerators. * W.Lu, Phys. Rev.ST Accel. Beams 10.061301 （2007） J. Faure, Nature 431, 541 (2004) *J.S. Liu, Phys. Rev. Lett 107, 035001 (2011)
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WEPMY036	Laser Ablation Ion Source for Highly Charge-State Ion Beams	ion, extraction, plasma, laser	2632
	N. Munemoto, K. Horioka TIT, Yokohama, Japan K. Okamura, S. Takano, K. Takayama KEK, Ibaraki, Japan K. Okamura, K. Takayama Sokendai, Ibaraki, Japan
	The KEK Laser ablation ion source (KEK-LAIS) is un-der development in order to generate highly ionized metal and fully ionized carbon ions for future applica-tions. Laser ablation experiments have been carried out by using Nd-YAG laser (0.75 J/pulse, 20 ns) at the KEK test bench. Basic parameters such as a charge-state spec-trum and momentum spectrum of the plasma and extract-ed ion beam current have been obtained. Extraction of C ions from the LAIS is described. N.Munemoto et al., Rev. Sci. Inst. 85, 02B922 (2014)
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WEPMY041	Development of Mobile Neutron Sources Driven by X-Band Electron Linacs for Infrastructure Maintenance and Nuclear Security	neutron, electron, linac, site	2648
	Y. Seki, J.M. Bereder, M. Uesaka The University of Tokyo, Nuclear Professional School, Ibaraki-ken, Japan
	We are developing a compact neutron source with a 3.95 MeV X-band (9.3 GHz) electron linac based X-ray source. The X-ray source, which included a tungsten target for bremsstrahlung, was originally fabricated for on-site nondestructive inspections for infrastructures such as bridges, expressways and tunnels. Attachment of a photo-neutron target to this X-ray source allows a new mobile neutron source. Main applications of this neutron source are on-site moisture detection in infrastructures, and nuclear materials measurement in fuel debris for decommissioning Fukushima nuclear power plants. Our approach also realizes a mobile X-ray/neutron hybrid source system in the future. The beryllium was employed as target material since it had especially small threshold energy for the photo neutron production. We have developed a 60-cm-cube target station by combining a beryllium block, a graphite reflector, a polyethylene moderator, a boric acid resin layer (neutron shied), and a lead layer (gamma-ray shield). This presentation will report a pilot experiment of neutron generation and discuss the results compared to a Monte Carlo simulation.
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WEPOR017	A Micrometric Positioning Sensor for Laser-Based Alignment	laser, experiment, alignment, vacuum	2700
	G. Stern, H. Mainaud Durand, D. Piedigrossi, M. Sosin CERN, Geneva, Switzerland A. Geiger, S. Guillaume ETH, Zurich, Switzerland
	The Compact Linear Collider requires 10 μm accuracy over 200m for the alignment of its components. Since current techniques based on stretched wire or water level are difficult to implement, other options are under study. We propose a laser alignment system using positioning sensors made of camera/shutter assemblies. The goal is to implement such a positioning sensor. The corresponding studies comprise design and calibration as well as investigations of measurement accuracy and precision. On the one hand, we describe mathematically the laser beam propagation, its interaction with the shutter and image processing. On the other hand, we present experiments done with the prototype of a positioning sensor. As a result, we give practical suggestions to build the positioning sensors and we describe a calibration protocol to be applied to all sensors before measuring. In addition, we deliver estimates for measurement accuracy and precision. Our work provides the first steps towards a full alignment system.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-WEPOR017
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WEPOR019	Development of CVD Diamond Detector for Beam Conditioning Monitor at the SuperKEKB Linac	detector, radiation, electron, linac	2707
	S. Kazama, T. Kamitani KEK, Ibaraki, Japan P. Bambade, V. Kubytskyi LAL, Orsay, France
	Positron beams in SuperKEKB will be produced from electromagnetic showers originating from the interaction between primary electron beams and a tungsten target. Since the emittance of primary beams is very small, the target is easy to be destroyed if focused beams are irradiated. In the SuperKEKB LINAC, a plate called spoiler is placed in the upstream of the target to enlarge the beam spot size. If the beam control is in a correct way, radioactive rays will be observed near both the spoiler and the target. However, if the beam control is not successful and primary beams are irradiated directly on the target, significant radiations are observed only near the target. If such a behavior is observed, primary beams must be stopped to protect the target. Since the number of electrons in a bunch is quite large(~10nC), the radiation dose is expected to be very high. Therefore, the radiation detector is required to have a high radiation-tolerance over a long period of time. Diamond has a high radiation tolerance due to its strong covalent bond, and we are now developing radiation detectors using diamond crystals. In this talk, current status including beam test measurements will be shown.
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WEPOR050	How to Build and Maintain a Development Environment for the Development of Controls Software Applications: An Example of "Infrastructure as Code" within the Physics Accelerator Community.	software, controls, EPICS, software-component	2781
	L. Fernández, R. Andersson, H. Hagenrud, T. Korhonen, R. Mudingay ESS, Lund, Sweden B. Zupanc Cosylab, Ljubljana, Slovenia
	The Integrated Control System Division (ICS) at the European Spallation Source (ESS) has the mandate to provide all the needed tools to ESS staff, in-kind contributors and consultants spread all over Europe, in order for them to build software for the commissioning and operation of the ESS. This includes EPICS applications, scripting environments, physics simulators and commissioning tools among others. ICS needs to provide support for new releases of the different software components, guaranteeing that the development environment of all the users can be properly updated. ICS needs to guarantee as well that environments can be reproducible and at the same time give the flexibility to users to own and customize their environments. ICS used a new virtualization technology (Vagrant) and a new configuration management system (Ansible) to provide a cutting edge development environment where all the software infrastructure can be described as code and properly stored in a version control system, tagged, tested, versioned and rollbacked if needed.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-WEPOR050
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WEPOW060	Top Off Algorithm Development and Commissioning at NSLS-II	injection, operation, storage-ring, feedback	2988
	R.P. Fliller, A.A. Derbenev, T.V. Shaftan, G.M. Wang BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	Funding: This manuscript has been authored by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy. Recently, NSLS-II introduced top off as the standard mode of beam delivery for the users. During top off, we are required to maintain the beam current within ±0.5% of nominal, and the bunch to bunch variation over the train less than 20% for all operating conditions. In this paper, we discuss the algorithm used for top off, simulations of various operating conditions and performance of the algorithm during operations.
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THXB01	Review of Accelerator-based Boron Neutron Capture Therapy Machines	neutron, linac, proton, cyclotron	3171
	M. Yoshioka KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
	Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) is a promising method for cancer therapy. A few accelerator-based BNCT projects are in progress in Japan, and plans for such systems are discussed in Europe, China, Taiwan and Korea. To obtain sufficient epi-thermal neutron flux, 30-50 kW of proton beam power is required. This talk reviews the present situation of the BNCT projects in the world. Key issues for the stable production of epi-thermal neutrons for medical applications are discussed. This includes the type of accelerator (linac or cyclotron), the selection of proton energy (3 MeV, 8 MeV, or 30 MeV), the coice of target (Li or Be) and moderator.
	Slides THXB01 [4.059 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-THXB01
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THPMB001	Muon Production via the ESSnuSB Project	proton, linac, detector, extraction	3213
	E. Bouquerel, E. Baussan, M. Dracos IPHC, Strasbourg Cedex 2, France N. Vassilopoulos IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	Funding: This project is now supported by the COST Action CA15139 "Combining forces for a novel European facility for neutrino-antineutrino symmetry-violation discovery" (EuroNuNet). ESSnuSB plans to produce very intense neutrino beams using the protons from the ESS linac (5 MW, 2 GeV) and a 4-targets horn system. In the ESSnuSB proposed facility a copious number of muons will also be produced. These muons could be used by a future Neutrino Factory to study CP violation in the leptonic sector but also to study neutrino cross-sections. They could also be used to feed a future muon collider. The feasibility and the issues of extracting the intense muon beam produced together with neutrinos are discussed.
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THPMB011	Beam Based Alignment Methods for Cavities and Solenoids in Photo-Injectors	solenoid, cavity, linac, experiment	3247
	M. Rossetti Conti Universita' degli Studi di Milano & INFN, Milano, Italy A. Bacci Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Milano, Italy
	Solenoids are often used as lens-like beam focusing elements in electron linacs, especially in the low energy beam lines aside the Gun solenoid for emittance compensation, a common element of high brightness photo-injectors. There are also many electron linacs worldwide which use the Velocity Bunching beam compression technique, which needs solenoids wrapping the first acceleration cavity. A misalignment between the beam trajectory and the magnetic center of the solenoids produces a decrease in the beam quality and makes it necessary to find a complex steering setting to force the beam on a good orbit. In this proceeding we present a study of two beam based alignment techniques, which are correlated: the first shows a method to find the correct electromagnetic axis of an acceleration cavity, the second shows how to align the solenoids (wrapping the cavity) on this axis. Therefore the study permits to find the best steering setting and the solenoids positions corrections which have to be done. The work is based on real data acquired on the SPARC linac and on a virtual experiment.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-THPMB011
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THPMB015	Muon Charge Separation by Mixed Structure of Dipoles and Solenoids	solenoid, emittance, dipole, beam-transport	3257
	Y.P. Song, H.T. Jing, J.Y. Tang IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	A charge separation system comprised by dipoles and solenoids is described which aims to separate positive particles and negative particles apart in secondary beam with a large emittance and huge momentum spread, particularly for mixed-charge muon beams. Nonlinear effect and fringe field effect due to large aperture and large moment range are crucial under this circumstance, which make the charge separation extremely complicated. The design schemes by dipoles and bent solenoids and also simulation results are showed in the paper.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-THPMB015
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THPMB054	FFAG Beam Line for nuPIL - Neutrinos from PIon Beam Line	lattice, proton, detector, experiment	3372
	J.-B. Lagrange, J. Pasternak Imperial College of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom R.B. Appleby, S.C. Tygier UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom R.B. Appleby Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom A.D. Bross, A. Liu Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA J. Pasternak STFC/RAL, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
	The Long Baseline Neutrino Facilities (LBNF) program aims to deliver a neutrino beam for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE). The current baseline for LBNF is a conventional magnetic horn and decay pipe system. Neutrinos from PIon beam Line (nuPIL) is a part of the optimization effort to optimize the LBNF. It consists of a pion beam line after the horn to clean the beam of high energy protons and wrong-sign pions before transporting them into a decay beam line, where instrumentation could be implemented. This paper focuses on the FFAG solution for this pion beam line. The resulting neutrino flux is also presented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-THPMB054
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THPMR004	Design of a Compact ion Beam Transport System for the BELLA Ion Accelerator	ion, laser, quadrupole, proton	3391
	Q. Ji, S.S. Bulanov, E. Esarey, W. Leemans, T. Schenkel, S. Steinke LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
	Funding: This work was supported by LDRD funding from Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, provided by the Director, Office of Science, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The Berkeley Lab Laser Accelerator (BELLA) Center hosts a Ti:sapphire CPA laser providing laser pulses at petawatt-level peak power with a repetition rate of 1 Hz. High irradiances of 10²² W/cm² can be achieved with a short focal length beamline when the laser is focused to a spot of w₀ < 5 um. Under this condition, theoretical and particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations have shown that protons and helium ions at energies up to several hundred MeV/u can be expected from the interaction between BELLA laser pulses and different targets. High ion energies, low energy spread with high controllability and stability, a new generation of ion accelerators using high performance laser-driven ion beam has numerous potential applications such as injectors for conventional accelerators, radiation therapy, as well as high energy density laboratory physics and material science studies. We will present a preliminary ion optics design to collect, transport, and focus the ions generated from the laser-driven ion accelerator, and beam dynamics results using the ion distribution from the PIC simulation. S.S. Bulanov et al, Physical Review Special Topics: Accelerators and Beams 18, 061302 (2015).
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-THPMR004
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THPMR006	Muon Beam Tracking and Spin-Orbit Correlations for Precision g-2 Measurements	simulation, proton, dipole, experiment	3397
	D. Tarazona, M. Berz, R. Hipple, K. Makino, M.J. Syphers MSU, East Lansing, Michigan, USA M.J. Syphers Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	The main goal of the Muon g-2 Experiment (g-2) at Fermilab is to measure the muon anomalous magnetic moment to unprecedented precision. This new measurement will allow to test the completeness of the Standard Model (SM) and to validate other theoretical models beyond the SM. The close interplay of the understanding of particle beam dynamics and the preparation of the beam properties with the experimental measurement is tantamount to the reduction of systematic errors in the determination of the muon anomalous magnetic moment. We describe progress in developing detailed calculations and modeling of the muon beam delivery system in order to obtain a better understanding of spin-orbit correlations, nonlinearities, and more realistic aspects that contribute to the systematic errors of the g-2 measurement. Our simulation is meant to provide statistical studies of error effects and quick analyses of running conditions for when g-2 is taking beam, among others. We are using COSY, a differential algebra solver developed at Michigan State University that will also serve as an alternative to compare results obtained by other simulation teams of the g-2 Collaboration.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-THPMR006
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THPMR018	Ion-Optics of Antiproton Separator at FAIR	antiproton, sextupole, proton, collimation	3431
	S.A. Litvinov, A. Dolinskyy, K. Knie GSI, Darmstadt, Germany I. Koop, P.Yu. Shatunov, I.M. Zemlyansky BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
	In the framework of antiproton program at FAIR project, the large acceptance antiproton separator is dedicated for the effective separation of the secondary antiprotons from the primary protons and the secondary beams of other particle species and subsequent transportation to the Collector Ring (CR). Here we present the latest ion-optical layout of the antiproton separator and possible second-order correction scheme as well.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-THPMR018
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THPMW024	Phase Tuning Results of the Waveguide Network System at Pal	network, resonance, klystron, linac	3597
	K.H. Kim, S.H. Kim, H.-S. Lee, S.S. Park, Y.J. Park PAL, Pohang, Republic of Korea
	We report the results of the phase tuning of the waveguide network system with the C-clamp tool and the resonance frequency tuning for the SLAC energy doubler. The high power waveguide network which dividing and feeding the power to the four accelerating structures. The phase length is adjusted within ± 0.25 degrees with a transmission phase measuring method. The resonant frequency range for the SLAC energy doubler is 2856 MHz ± 5 kHz, but a target range is 2856 MHz ± 1 kHz. We measured the phase length and an amplitude with a vector network analyser. The test setup consists of a SLED, a waveguide network, directional couplers, phase stable cables. All components of the waveguide networks were manufactured at VITZRO TECH and tested at the accelerator tunnel in the Pohang Accelerator Laboratory (PAL).
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-THPMW024
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THPMY013	Laser-Beam Welding for a TPS Beam-Position Monitor	laser, interface, controls, vacuum	3679
	Y.T. Huang, C.-C. Chang, J.-R. Chen, G.-Y. Hsiung, S-N. Hsu NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	The TPS beam-position monitor has two feedthroughs in one flange structure. The hermetic seal was formed with laser-beam welding (LBW). Nd-YAG LBW was adopted to weld a button electrode with a feedthrough; CO2 LBW served for a feedthrough and a flange, Fig. 1. A robotic arm was used for Nd-YAG LBW so that it could accomplish the complicated geometry of the welded joint. Although the CO2 laser was not coordinated with a robotic arm, fixtures were made to implement a circular welded joint the same as welding the feedthrough into a flange. For not only Nd-YAG but also CO2 LBW, the cover gas is the major key that avoids oxidation from atmospheric oxygen and maintains shiny weld beads. Taguchi methods were exploited to find the appropriate parameters for the Nd-YAG pulsed laser, for instance, the laser power, pulse-filling time, frequency etc.. This paper presents the process and details of laser-beam welding of two types for a beam-position monitor. Laser beam weld, Nd-YAG, CO2, POWER, filling time, beam position monitor
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-THPMY013
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THPMY023	The Hiradmat 27 Experiment: Exploring High-Density Materials Response at Extreme Conditions for Antiproton Production	experiment, antiproton, proton, instrumentation	3705
	C. Torregrosa, M. Bergeret, E. Berthomé, M.E.J. Butcher, M. Calviani, L. Gentini, D. Horvath, J. Humbert, A. Perillo-Marcone, G. Vorraro CERN, Geneva, Switzerland C. Torregrosa UPV, Valencia, Spain
	The HRMT27-Rodtarg- experiment used the HiRadMat facility at CERN to impact intense 440 GeV proton beams onto thin rods -8 mm diameter, 140 length- made of high-density materials such as Ir, W, Ta, Mo among others. The purpose of the experiment has been to reduce uncertainties on the CERN antiproton target material response and assess the material selection for its future redesign. The experiment was designed to recreate the extreme conditions reached in the named target, estimated on an increase of temperature above 2000 °C in less than 0.5 μs and a subsequent compressive-to-tensile pressure wave of several GPa. The goals of the experiment were to validate the hydrocode calculations used for the prediction of the antiproton target response and to identify limits and failure mechanisms of the materials of interest. In order to accomplishing these objectives, the experiment counted on extensive online optical instrumentation pointing at the rod surfaces. Online results suggest that most of the targets suffer important internal damage even from conditions seven times lower than the reached in the AD-target. Tantalum targets clearly showed the best dynamic response.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-THPMY023
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THPMY030	How to Manage a Large Scale Beam Line Consolidation in a Highly Activated Area?	radiation, operation, controls, vacuum	3721
	S. Evrard, J.L. Grenard, E. Harrouch, A. Herve, A. Pardons, Y. Pira, Y.D.R. Seraphin, C. Theis, H. Vincke CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The TDC2/TCC2 consolidation is a good example showing how the complexity of interventions in high radiation areas has increased over the last five years. Due to its duration, its dispersion, the diversity of the teams involved, the fixed deadlines, the risks and external constraints, this worksite prefigures large scale-interventions in the LHC during long shutdown 2 (LS2) and even more LS3. The paper describes the three main project phases: preparation, execution (including monitoring and control) and closure emphasizing the indispensable steps in each stage. It also explains why integrating scope, schedule and dose into a single baseline is of prime importance and shows how to manage and monitor the radiation safety performance of the various interventions throughout the execution phase. Eventually, some recommendations are formulated in order to better accommodate the design of high radiation areas to their operation and maintenance constraints.
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THPOR028	Numerical Analysis of Stresses for the Target of the ILC 300 Hz Conventional Positron Source	positron, simulation, linear-collider, collider	3838
	S. Jin, J. Gao IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China T. Omori KEK, Ibaraki, Japan P. Sievers CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	A 300Hz conventional, e^- driven positron source for the ILC is proposed by an international team. In this paper, we focus on numerical analysis of dynamic stresses in the Tungsten target. These are driven by the pulsed e-beam, which causes rapid heating and subsequent, dynamic loads in the target which can lead to fracture and failure of it. A program of ANSYS workbench is used in the study. The dynamic stresses from both of extremely short (10 ns) and nominal (1μs) thermal pulses are systematically studied in various target related parts such as small spheres, cylinders. Particular attention has also been paid to the buckling of foils. (*) The first proposal was published in NIMA 672 (2012) 52-56 by T. Omori, et. al.. The authors come from seven institutes including KEK, Hiroshima U., DESY, ANL, IHEP, SOKENDAI, U. of Hamburg
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THPOR036	Updates on the Sliding Contact Cooling ILC Positron Source Target Development	vacuum, positron, undulator, radiation	3865
	W. Liu, D.S. Doran, R.A. Erck, G.R. Fenske, W. Gai, V.J. Guarino ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA
	The R&D of the baseline positron source target for ILC is still ongoing after TDR due to the uncertainty of rotating vacuum seal and water cooling system of the fast spinning target wheel. Different institutes around the globe have proposed different approaches to tackle this issue. A spinning target wheel system with sliding contact cooling has been proposed by ANL. The proposed system eliminated the needs of rotating vacuum seal by using magnetic torque coupler to drive the solid spinning wheel target. The energy deposited from positron production process is taken away via cooling pads sliding against the spinning wheel. A full size test wheel has been built and some initial tests have been done with promising outcomes. Results of these tests are presented in this paper along with a plan for developing a prototype.
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THPOR055	Characterisation of the SPS Slow-extraction Parameters	extraction, simulation, proton, controls	3918
	F.M. Velotti, W. Bartmann, T. Bohl, C. Bracco, K. Cornelis, M.A. Fraser, B. Goddard, V. Kain, L.S. Stoel CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) is the last accelerator in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) injector chain but its main users are the fixed-target experiments located in the North Area (NA). The beams, which are among the most intense circulating in the SPS, are extracted to the NA over several thousands of turns by exploiting a third-integer resonant extraction. The unavoidable losses intrinsic to such an extraction makes its optimisation one of the main priorities for operation, to reduce beam induced activation of the machine. The settings of the extraction systems, together with the tune sweep speed and the beam characteristics (momentum spread, emittance, etc.) are the parameters that can be controlled for spill and loss optimisation. In this paper, the contribution of these parameters to the slow-extraction spill quality are investigated through tracking simulations. The simulation model is compared with beam measurements and optimisations suggested.
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MOOCB01

PACMAN Project: A New Solution for the High-accuracy Alignment of Accelerator Components

alignment, quadrupole, collider, simulation

58

H. Mainaud Durand, K. Artoos, M.C.L. Buzio, D. Caiazza, N. Catalán Lasheras, A. Cherif, I.P. Doytchinov, J.-F. Fuchs, A. Gaddi, N. Galindo Munoz, J. Gayde, S.W. Kamugasa, M. Modena, P. Novotny, S. Russenschuck, C. Sanz, G. Severino, D. Tshilumba, V. Vlachakis, M. Wendt, S. Zorzetti
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The beam alignment requirements for the next generation of lepton colliders have become increasingly challenging. As an example, the alignment requirements for the three major collider components of the CLIC linear collider are as follows. Before the first beam circulates, the Beam Position Monitors (BPM), Accelerating Structures (AS)and quadrupoles will have to be aligned up to 10 μm w.r.t. a straight line over 200 m long segments, along the 20 km of linacs. PACMAN is a study on Particle Accelerator Components' Metrology and Alignment to the Nanometre scale. It is an Innovative Doctoral Program, funded by the EU and hosted by CERN, providing high quality training to 10 Early Stage Researchers working towards a PhD thesis. The technical aim of the project is to improve the alignment accuracy of the CLIC components by developing new methods and tools addressing several steps of alignment simultaneously, to gain time and accuracy. The tools and methods developed will be validated on a test bench. This paper presents the technical systems to be integrated in the test bench, the results of the compatibility tests performed between these systems, as well as the final design of the PACMAN validation bench.

Slides MOOCB01 [9.553 MB]

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MOPMB007

Diamond Sensor Resolution in Simultaneous Detection of 1,2,3 Electrons at the PHIL Photoinjector Facility at LAL

electron, detector, experiment, simulation

84

V. Kubytskyi, P. Bambade, S. Barsuk
LAL, Orsay, France
O.A. Bezshyyko, V. Krylov, V. Rodin
National Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, The Faculty of Physics, Kyiv, Ukraine

In this paper, we present experimental and numerical studies of the signals from the Poisson-like distributions resulting from electrons incident on a diamond sensor placed near the exit of the PHIL photoinjector facility at LAL. The experiments were performed at the newly commissioned Low Energy Electron TECHnology (LEETECH) platform at PHIL. Bunches of 10x9 electrons are first generated and accelerated to 3.5 MeV by PHIL. The electrons are then filtered in LEETECH by a system of collimators, using a dipole magnet for momentum selection. The diamond sensor is located immediately after the output collimator to collect electrons in the range 2.5-3 MeV. We show that with standard scCVD diamonds of 500 micrometers thickness, the energy losses from the first three MIP (minimum ionizing particle) electrons are clearly resolved. We did not observe distinguishable peaks in cases when a significant fraction of the incident electrons had energies below a MIP. The described technique can be used as complementary approach for calibration of diamond detectors as well as to diagnose and help control accelerated beams in a regime down to a few particles.

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MOPMR003

Electron Bunch Length Measurement Using Coherent Radiation Source of fs-THz accelerator at Pohang Accelerator Laboratory

radiation, electron, linac, experiment

235

J.H. Ko, I.S. Ko
POSTECH, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea
S.H. Jung, H.-S. Kang, I.S. Ko, J. Park
PAL, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea

A Michelson interferometer was installed at the femtosecond (fs) terahertz (THz) Accelerator of Pohang Accelerator Laboratory(PAL) to measure a subpicosecond order electron bunch length. To measure an ultra-short electron bunch length, we use reconstruction process and fast fourier transform. Currently, we are generating THz radiation with the pulse energy of 7μJ by means of coherent transition radiation (CTR) from a 65-MeV electron beam of the fs-THz accelerator. In this paper, we show the how to make a longitudinal distribution of electron bunch and the radiation intensity difference between CTR and Coherent edge radiation (CER) for nondestructive electron bunch length measurement. And we report the measurement methods to get the fine electron bunch length information.

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MOPMR015

Optical Fibers as a Tool for Gamma Beam Diagnostics at Medical Electron Accelerators

betatron, detector, electron, radiation

258

A.I. Novokshonov, V.I. Bespalov, A. Potylitsyn, D.A. Shkitov, S.R. Uglov, A.V. Vukolov
TPU, Tomsk, Russia

Funding: This work was partially supported by the Russian Ministry of Education and Science within the program "Nauka" Grant № 3.709.2014/K.
The existing techniques for gamma beam diagnostics at medical accelerators based on X-ray films have several disadvantages such as insufficient spatial resolution, difficult realization and off-line mode. In the works*,** a feasibility of Cherenkov radiation (CR) in glass fibers for charged particle beam diagnostics was demonstrated. An application of glass fibers scanning for gamma beam diagnostics may have a lot advantages including a possibility of on-line measurements. For this goal we used optical fiber with 0.6 mm diameter and length up to 10 m. An efficiency of CR generation in such fibers and signal attenuation in a long fiber were investigated using the Tomsk microtron electron beam. The shape of gamma beam field produced by the medical SL-75-5MT 6 MeV electron accelerator was measured using the proposed technique. It is shown there it is possible to measure not only gamma beam spatial distribution, but also its angular distribution.
* Wulf, F. and Korfer, M. 2009 Proc. DIPAC2009 411.
** Murokh, A., Agustsson, R., Boucher, S., Frigola, P., Hodgetts, T., Ovodenko, A., Ruelas, M. and Tikhoplav, R. 2012 Proc. IPAC2012 996.

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MOPMR016

A New Approach for the Electron Beam Diagnostic Using Diffraction Radiation Disphase Target

radiation, detector, simulation, diagnostics

261

D.A. Shkitov, G.A. Naumenko, A. Potylitsyn
TPU, Tomsk, Russia
J. Urakawa
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

Funding: The work was partially supported by the RFBR grant No 15-52-50028.
Since 1995, when the diffraction radiation (DR) from relativistic particles was first observed*, the development of new approaches using the DR for charged particle beam diagnostics is continued. The DR appears when charged particle moves close to the media and the electromagnetic field interacts with it. A rather well-known non-invasive diagnostic method of transversal bunch size is to use a slit target**. In paper*** the optical DR from disphase target was proposed to use for non-invasive diagnostics of high energy electron beam. Disphase target consists of the two rectangular flat plates inclined with respect to each other at an angle compared with 1/g, where g is the Lorentz-factor. Recently the feasibility of the disphase target usage for the 6 MeV electron beam size diagnostics was investigated****. In this report we present the further research of the disphase target beam diagnostics. The simulations of the spectral-angular DR characteristics from this target and it application for diagnostics aim are shown. These calculations confirm an applicability of this technique for micron size beam measurements for the case of g>1000.
*Y. Shibata et al. //PRE 52, 6787 (1995)
**P. Karataev et al. //PRL 93, 244802 (2004)
***G. Naumenko et al. //Proc. of PAC TOAD004, 404 (2005)
****E.V. Kornoukhova et al. //JPCS, in press (2016)

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MOPMR020

Beam Diagnostics for ESS Commissioning and Early Operation

linac, diagnostics, DTL, optics

273

A. Jansson, M. Eshraqi, S. Molloy
ESS, Lund, Sweden

The ESS linac design has evolved over time and is now quite stable. Recently, there has been a focused effort on developing more detailed installation and commissioning plan, and related to this, the plans for diagnostics has also been reviewed. This paper presents the updated diagnos-tics suite. Many of diagnostics systems will be developed by in-kind partners across Europe.

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MOPMR021

Lifetime and Operational Criteria of Proton Beam Instrumentation in the ESS Target Station

electron, proton, radiation, monitoring

276

Y. Lee, T.J. Shea, C.A. Thomas
ESS, Lund, Sweden

At the European Spallation Source, a 2 GeV, 5 MW proton beam will be delivered from a superconducting linear accelerator to target at a 4% duty factor, which poses demanding requirements on target station design. To tune the beam delivery system and to protect the target station components, the current density, the halo distribution, and the position of the proton beam shall be measured. To provide this functionality, a suite of beam monitoring devices will be deployed in the target monolith, including a multi-wire grid for the beam profile monitoring, thermo-couple assemblies and secondary emission blades for aperture monitoring, and a beam footprint imaging system consisting of optical components and luminescent coatings. Since these devices are exposed to particles that deposit energy and cause a high rate of radiation damage, it is a significant challenge to ensure full functionality. In this paper, material selection, lifetime estimates and operational criteria for these beam-monitoring devices are presented. A number of particle transport and finite-element simulations are performed for analyses, and an empirical validation plan is presented.

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MOPMR043

Optical System Design for The ESS Proton Beam and Target Diagnostics

optics, proton, radiation, diagnostics

347

M.G. Ibison, C.P. Welsch
Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
E. Adli, H. Gjersdal
University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
M.G. Ibison, C.P. Welsch
The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
T.J. Shea, C.A. Thomas, N. de la Cour
ESS, Lund, Sweden

Funding: Science and Technology Facilities Council
The high power and low emittance of the European Spallation Source (ESS) proton beam require a robust protection strategy for the spallation target and its surroundings. For this, the beam will be imaged on passing through scintillator screens coating both the proton beam window (PBW) on exit from the accelerator, and the entry window to the target (TW). Light from the screens must be transported to remote cameras through a 4m high shielding plug of limited aperture. At the same time, the optical path must not compromise the integrity of the shield against neutrons and interaction products. We present the theory underlying the design of the reflective optics for efficient transmission of high-quality images to provide the desired level of protection to the machine, and describe its implementation in the Zemax software tool, as well as the predicted imaging performance. We also consider how the requirements of environment (thermal and radiation), initial alignment and ongoing maintenance for the optical system will be met. Finally we comment on the applicability of optics of this type for diagnostic systems in similar situations at other neutron sources and elsewhere.

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MOPMR045

High Resolution and Dynamic Range Characterisation of Beam Imaging Systems

optics, laser, electron, simulation

354

C.P. Welsch, R.B. Fiorito, J. Wolfenden
Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
M. Bergamaschi, R. Kieffer, T. Lefèvre, S. Mazzoni
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
R.B. Fiorito, C.P. Welsch, J. Wolfenden
The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
P. Karataev, K.O. Kruchinin
Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, United Kingdom
P. Karataev, K.O. Kruchinin
JAI, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom

Funding: Work supported by the EU under grant agreement 624890 and the STFC Cockcroft Institute core grant ST/G008248/1.
Any imaging system requires the use of various optical components to transfer the light from the source, e.g. optical radiation generated by a charged particle beam, to the sensor. The impact of the transfer optics on the image resolution is often not well known. To improve this situation, the point spread function (PSF) of the optical system must be measured, preferably, with high dynamic range. For this purpose we have created an intense, small (~ 1 μm) point source using a high quality laser and special focusing optics; and introduced a digital micro-mirror array in the optical system to substantially increase its dynamic range. The PSFs of optical systems that are currently being developed for high resolution, high dynamic range beam imaging using optical transition and diffraction radiation are measured and compared to Zemax simulations. The goal of these studies is to systematically understand and mitigate any ill effects on the PSF due to aberrations, diffraction and misalignment of the components of the imaging system. We present the results of our measurements and simulations.

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MOPMR055

Radiation-Resistant Fiber Optic Strain Sensors for SNS Target Instrumentation

radiation, neutron, proton, detector

371

Y. Liu, W. Blokland, J.D. Bryan, A. Rakhman, B.W. Riemer, R.L. Sangrey, M. Wendel, D.E. Winder
ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
A. Rakhman
UTK, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
R. Strum
San Diego State University, San Diego, USA

Funding: ORNL is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 for the U.S. DOE.
Measurement of stresses and strains in the mercury target vessel of the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) is important to understand the structural dynamics of the target. Owing to their compactness, easy system integration, and invulnerability to the electromagnetic interference, fiber optic strain sensors have been installed into the SNS target module starting from the fall of 2015. In this talk, we report on the development of radiation-resistant fiber optic strain sensors for subsequent generations of SNS target instrumentation. The sensors are extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometers (EFPIs) made from fluorine-doped single-mode fibers. The radiation induced loss of the fiber has been measured in the SNS target 13 at the energy-on-target level exceeding 500 MWhr which results in peak doses on fiber of more than 10⁹ Gy. A superluminescent diode laser at 1300 nm is used as the light source and the strain is measured in real-time using quadrature phase shifted signals generated from a local interferometer. We have demonstrated successful measurements of strains from 1 to 1000 με at a kHz frequency range on a test plate using the developed interrogation optical system.

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MOPOR037

Beam Halo Measurements using Vibrating Wire at the KOMAC

experiment, proton, laser, neutron

680

D. Choe, M. Chung, S.Y. Kim
UNIST, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
S.G. Arutunian, A.V. Margaryan
ANSL, Yerevan, Armenia
E.G. Lazareva
YSU, Yerevan, Armenia

In high-intensity particle accelerators, due to the fact that preventing beam loss plays a crucial role in con-ducting any experiments, it is important to measure and control the beam halo. Fortunately, it is feasible nowadays to measure the beam halo region thanks to the development of several sensitive beam scanning methods, including the vibrating wire technique. Since the vibrating wire is exceptionally sensitive to the heat deposition by the beam particles, it can be used to scanning the beam profile. This study will be concentrated on the precise beam profile measurement using the vibrating wire at the Korea Multi-Purpose Accelerator Complex (KOMAC) facility. First, we describe the best condition to construct beam profile measurement experiment. Finally, we present the results of the beam halo measurements performed with 20 MeV proton beam at the KOMAC facility

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MOPOY023

Further Steps Towards the Superconducting CW-LINAC for Heavy Ions at GSI

linac, cavity, heavy-ion, ion

896

M. Schwarz, M. Basten, M. Busch, F.D. Dziuba, H. Podlech, U. Ratzinger, R. Tiede
IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
W.A. Barth, V. Gettmann, M. Heilmann, S. Mickat, M. Miski-Oglu, S. Yaramyshev
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
W.A. Barth, V. Gettmann, S. Mickat, M. Miski-Oglu
HIM, Mainz, Germany

Funding: Work supported by BMBF contr. No. 05P15RFRBA
For future experiments with heavy ions near the coulomb barrier within the super-heavy element (SHE) research project a multi-stage R&D program of GSI, HIM and IAP is currently in progress. It aims at developing a superconducting (sc) continuous wave (cw) LINAC with multiple CH cavities as key components downstream the upgraded High Charge Injector (HLI) at GSI. The LINAC design is challenging, due to the requirement of intense beams in cw-mode up to a mass-to-charge-ratio of 6 while covering a broad output energy range from 3.5 to 7.3 MeV/u with minimum energy spread. The next milestone will be a full performance beam test of the first expansion stage at GSI, the Demonstrator, comprising two solenoids and a 15-gap CH cavity inside a cryostat.

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MOPOY040

Design of the 100 MeV Proton Beam Line for Low Flux Application

octupole, vacuum, beam-transport, proton

938

H.-J. Kwon, Y.-S. Cho, C.R. Kim, H.S. Kim, S.G. Lee, S. Lee, S.P. Yun
Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea

Funding: This work was supported by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning of the Korean Government.
KOMAC has been operating two beam lines for user service since 2013. A new beam line was completed in 2015 for radioisotope production and has a plan to be commissioned in 2016. Another beam line was proposed to supply low flux beam to users. The maximum energy and average current are 100 MeV and 10 nA. The beam line consists of collimator, energy degrader, dipole magnet for energy separation and octupole magnet for uniform beam production. In this paper, the design of the beam line and its components is presented.

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MOPOY045

ESS Linac Beam Physics Design Update

linac, rfq, DTL, proton

947

M. Eshraqi, H. Danared, R. De Prisco, A. Jansson, Y.I. Levinsen, M. Lindroos, R. Miyamoto, M. Muñoz, A. Ponton
ESS, Lund, Sweden

The European Spallation Source, ESS, uses a linear accelerator to bombard the tungsten target with the high intensity protons beam for producing intense beams of neutrons. The nominal average beam power of the linac is 5~MW with a peak beam power at target of 125~MW. This paper focuses on the beam dynamics design of the ESS linac and the diagnostics elements used for the tuning of the lattice and matching between sections.

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TUZB01

High Power Proton Beam Targets: Technological Evolution, Current Challenges, and the Future

neutron, proton, operation, radiation

1075

J. Galambos
ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA

Funding: ORNL is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 for the U.S. Department of Energy.
This talk reviews the history of proton beam target development and the current challenges associated with the operation of high power beam targets. Beyond providing high power proton beams, accelerator facilities must also engineer robust targets to accept the load and satisfy mission needs. Recently some high power facilities are limited by target operations, rather than accelerator capabilities. The outlook for targets for future high power facilities is also considered.

Slides TUZB01 [8.971 MB]

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TUPMB035

Developments of HTS Magnets towards Application to Accelerators

operation, dipole, neutron, cyclotron

1180

K. Hatanaka, M. Fukuda, K. Kamakura, H. Ueda, Y. Yasuda, T. Yorita
RCNP, Osaka, Japan

We have been developing magnets utilizing first generation HTS wire for this decade. HTS materials have advantages over LTS materials. Magnets can be operated at 20 K or higher temperature and the cooling structure becomes simpler. Owing to a large margin in operating temperature, it is possible to excite HTS magnets by AC or pulsed currents without quenching. After successful performance tests of proto type models, two magnets have been fabricated for practical use. A cylindrical magnet generates a magnetic field higher than 3.5 T at the center to polarized 210 neV neutrons. A dipole magnet is excited by pulse currents in order to deliver accelerated beams to two target stations by time sharing. Their design and operational performance are discussed.

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TUPMR004

Simulations of High Current NuMI Magnetic Horn Striplines at FNAL

simulation, proton, experiment, focusing

1230

T. Sipahi, S. Biedron, S.V. Milton
CSU, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
J. Hylen, R.M. Zwaska
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

Both the NuMI (Neutrinos and the Main Injector) beam line, that has been providing intense neutrino beams for several Fermilab experiments (MINOS, MINERVA, NOVA), and the newly proposed LBNF (Long Baseline Neutrino Facility) beam line which plans to produce the highest power neutrino beam in the world for DUNE (the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment) need pulsed magnetic horns to focus the mesons which decay to produce the neutrinos. The high-current horn and stripline design has been evolving as NuMI reconfigures for higher beam power and to meet the needs of the LBNF design. The CSU particle accelerator group has aided the neutrino physics experiments at Fermilab by producing EM simulations of magnetic horns and the required high-current striplines. In this paper, we present calculations, using the Poisson and ANSYS Maxwell 3D codes, of the EM interaction of the stripline plates of the NuMI horns at critical stress points. In addition, we give the electrical simulation results using the ANSYS Electric code. These results are being used to support the development of evolving horn stripline designs to handle increased electrical current and higher beam power for NuMI upgrades and for LBNF

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TUPMR023

First Operational Experience of HIE-Isolde

detector, dipole, ion, experiment

1284

J.A. Rodriguez, N. Bidault, E. Bravin, R. Catherall, E. Fadakis, P. Fernier, M.A. Fraser, M.J. Garcia Borge, K. Hanke, K. Johnston, Y. Kadi, M. Kowalska, M.L. Lozano Benito, E. Matli, S. Sadovich, E. Siesling, W. Venturini Delsolaro, F.J.C. Wenander
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
M. Huyse, P. Van Duppen
KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
J. Pakarinen
JYFL, Jyväskylä, Finland
E. Rapisarda
PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
M. Zielinska
Warsaw University, Warsaw, Poland

The High Intensity and Energy ISOLDE project (HIE-ISOLDE)* is a major upgrade of the ISOLDE facility at CERN. The energy range of the post-accelerator will be extended from 2.85 MeV/u to 9.3 MeV/u for beams with A/q = 4.5 (and to 14.3 MeV/u for A/q = 2.5) once all the cryomodules of the superconducting accelerator are in place. The project has been divided into different phases, the first of which (phase 1a) finished in October 2015 after the hardware and beam commissioning were completed**. The physics campaign followed with the delivery of both radioactive and stable beams to two different experimental stations. The characteristics of the beams (energies, intensities, time structure and beam contaminants) and the plans for the next experimental campaign will be discussed in this paper.
* The HIE-ISOLDE Project, Journal of Physics: Conference Series 312.
** HIE-ISOLDE First Commissioning Experience, IPAC'16
** Beam Commissioning of the HIE-ISOLDE Post-Accelerator, IPAC'16

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TUPMR025

Design of the LBNF Beamline

proton, shielding, operation, extraction

1291

V. Papadimitriou, K. Ammigan, J.E. Anderson, K. Anderson, R. Andrews, V.T. Bocean, C.F. Crowley, N. Eddy, B.D. Hartsell, S. Hays, P. Hurh, J. Hylen, J.A. Johnstone, P.H. Kasper, T.R. Kobilarcik, G.E. Krafczyk, B.G. Lundberg, A. Marchionni, N.V. Mokhov, C.D. Moore, D. Pushka, I.L. Rakhno, S.D. Reitzner, P. Schlabach, V.I. Sidorov, A.M. Stefanik, S. Tariq, L.R. Valerio, K. Vaziri, G. Velev, G.L. Vogel, K.E. Williams, R.M. Zwaska
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
C.J. Densham
STFC/RAL, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom

Funding: Work supported by the Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy.
The Long Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF) will utilize a beamline located at Fermilab to provide and aim a neutrino beam of sufficient intensity and appropriate energy range toward DUNE detectors, placed deep underground at the SURF Facility in South Dakota. The primary proton beam (60 - 120 GeV) will be extracted from the MI-10 section of Fermilab's Main Injector. Neutrinos are produced after the protons hit a solid target and produce mesons which are subsequently focused by magnetic horns into a 194 m long decay pipe where they decay into muons and neutrinos. The parameters of the facility were determined taking into account the physics goals, spacial and radiological constraints and the experience gained by operating the NuMI facility at Fermilab. The Beamline facility is designed for initial operation at a proton-beam power of 1.2 MW, with the capability to support an upgrade to 2.4 MW. LBNF/DUNE obtained CD-1 approval in November 2015. We discuss here the design status and the associated challenges as well as the R&D and plans for improvements before baselining the facility.

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TUPMR027

CERN's Fixed Target Primary Ion Programme

ion, extraction, proton, experiment

1297

D. Manglunki, M.E. Angoletta, J. Axensalva, G. Bellodi, A. Blas, M.A. Bodendorfer, T. Bohl, S. Cettour-Cave, K. Cornelis, H. Damerau, I. Efthymiopoulos, A. Fabich, J.A. Ferreira Somoza, A. Findlay, P. Freyermuth, S.S. Gilardoni, S. Hancock, E.B. Holzer, S. Jensen, V. Kain, D. Küchler, A.M. Lombardi, A.I. Michet, M. O'Neil, S. Pasinelli, R. Scrivens, R. Steerenberg, G. Tranquille
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The renewed availability of heavy ions at CERN for the needs of the LHC programme has triggered the interest of the fixed-target community. The project, which involves sending several species of primary ions at various energies to the North Area of the Super Proton Synchrotron, has now entered its operational phase. The first argon run, with momenta ranging from 13 AGeV/c to 150 AGeV/c, took place from February 2015 to April 2015. This paper presents the status of the project, the performance achieved thus far and an outlook on future plans.

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TUPMR042

Transverse Profile Expansion and Homogenization for the Beamline of XIPAF

proton, experiment, optics, simulation

1346

Z. Yang, C.T. Du, X. Guan, W. Wang, X.W. Wang, H.J. Yao, S.X. Zheng
TUB, Beijing, People's Republic of China

For the Xi'an 200 MeV Proton Application Facility (XiPAF), one important thing is to produce more homog-enous beam profile at the target to fulfill the requirements of the beam application. Here the beam line is designed to meet the requirement of beam expansion and homogenization, and the step-like field magnets are employed for the beam spot homogenization. The simulations results including space charge effects and errors show that the beam line can meet the requirements well at the different energies (from 10 MeV to 230 MeV) and different beam spot size (from 20mm to 200mm).

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TUPMR044

Beam Test of the New Beamline for Radio-Isotope Production at KOMAC

vacuum, linac, isotope-production, proton

1349

H.S. Kim
KAERI, Daejon, Republic of Korea
Y.-S. Cho, H.-J. Kwon, S.P. Yun
Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea

Funding: This work has been supported through KOMAC (Korea Multi-purpose Accelerator Complex) operation fund of KAERI by MSIP (Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning).
A high power proton linac is under operation at Korea multi-purpose accelerator complex (KOMAC). Currently, two beamlines are available and used to provide 20-MeV beam and 100-MeV beam to users from various fields. An additional 100-MeV beamline has been constructed mainly for production of radio-isotopes such as Sr-82 and Cu-67. Proton beam with the beam energy of 100 MeV and the average current of 0.6 mA is directed to the production target, which is located in a water-filled target chamber, through a beam window made of AlBeMet. The beam size at the target is designed to be about 100 mm in diameter. Installation of the beamline components including 1.5 T bending magnet and the beam diagnostic devices such as BPM and BCM is finished and beam commissioning is planned to start in early 2016. The details of newly-constructed beamline and the initial beam test results will be given in this paper.

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TUPMR051

New Spill Control for the Slow Extraction in the Multi-Cycling SPS

quadrupole, extraction, controls, proton

1371

V. Kain, K. Cornelis, E. Effinger
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The flux of particles slow extracted with the 1/3 integer resonance from the Super Proton Synchrotron at CERN was previously controlled with a servo-spill feedback system which acted on the horizontal tune such as to keep the spill rate as constant as possible during the whole extraction time. The current in two servo-quadrupoles was modulated as a function of the difference between the measured and the desired spill rate. With servo quadrupoles at a single location in the SPS ring and the SPS in multi-cycling mode, the trajectory of the slow extracted beam was seen to change from cycle to cycle depending on the current applied by the servo feedback. Hence this system was replaced by a feed-forward tune correction using the main SPS quadrupoles. In this way the spill control can now be guaranteed without changing the trajectory of the extracted beam. This paper presents the algorithm and implementation in the control system and summarizes the advantages of the new approach. The obtained spill characteristics will be discussed. The technique implemented for the additional reduction of the 50 Hz noise on the spill structure will also be briefly outlined.

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TUPMR055

Solid Targetry for the Isotope Production Facility at the KOMAC 100 MeV Linac

proton, coupling, isotope-production, shielding

1384

S.P. Yun, Y.-S. Cho, H.S. Kim, H.-J. Kwon, K.T. Seol, Y.G. Song
Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
D.I. Kim
KAERI, Daejon, Republic of Korea

Funding: *This work was supported by the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning of the Korean Government.
The construction of the isotope production facility was recently completed on the 100 MeV proton linac at the KOMAC (Korea multi-purpose accelerator complex). To produce the Sr-82 and Cu-67, we have prepared the solid targetry which consist of target transportation system , target cooling system and a hot-cell for remote handling. The Isotope production targets are made of RbCl pellet and stainless steel cladding. For the proton beam irradiation, the targets are transported by target drive system which consist of drive chain and guide rail by remotely. In this paper, we will report the detailed design, fabrication and operation status of the solid targetry at the KOMAC isotope production facility.

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TUPMR058

An Upgrade for the 1.4 MeV/u Gas Stripper at the GSI UNILAC

ion, injection, dipole, heavy-ion

1394

P. Scharrer, W.A. Barth, Ch.E. Düllmann, J. Khuyagbaatar, A. Yakushev
HIM, Mainz, Germany
W.A. Barth, M. Bevcic, Ch.E. Düllmann, L. Groening, K.P. Horn, E. Jäger, J. Khuyagbaatar, J. Krier, P. Scharrer, A. Yakushev
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
Ch.E. Düllmann
Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Institut of Nuclear Chemistry, Mainz, Germany
P. Scharrer
Mainz University, Mainz, Germany

The GSI UNILAC will serve as part of an injector system for the future FAIR facility, currently under construction in Darmstadt, Germany. For this, it has to deliver short-pulsed, high-current, heavy-ion beams with highest beam quality. An upgrade for the 1.4 MeV/u gas stripper is ongoing to increase the yield of uranium ions in the desired charge state. The new setup features a pulsed gas injection synchronized with the beam pulse transit to increase the effective density of the stripper target while keeping the gas load for the differential pumping system low. Systematic measurements of charge state distributions and energy-loss were conducted with 238U-ion beams and different stripper gases, including H2 and He. By using H2 as a stripper gas, the yield into the most populated charge state was increased by over 50%, compared to the current stripper. Furthermore, the high gas density, enabled by the pulsed injection, results in increased mean charge states.

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TUPMW019

First Evaluation of Dynamic Aperture at Injection for FCC-hh

dipole, injection, dynamic-aperture, simulation

1466

B. Dalena, D. Boutin, A. Chancé, J. Payet
CEA/IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
B.J. Holzer, R. Martin, D. Schulte
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Funding: This Research and Innovation Action project submitted to call H2020-INFRADEV-1-2014-1 receives funding from the European Union's H2020 Framework Programme under grant agreement no. 654305.
In the hadron machine option, proposed in the context of the Future Circular Colliders (FCC) study, the dipole field quality is expected to play an important role, as in the LHC. A preliminary evaluation of the field quality of dipoles, based on the Nb3Sn technology, has been provided by the magnet group. The effect of these field imperfections on the dynamic aperture, using the present lattice design, is presented and first tolerances on the main multipole components are evaluated.

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TUPMY001

Very Low Emittance Muon Beam using Positron Beam on Target

positron, emittance, collider, electron

1536

M. Antonelli, M.E. Biagini, M. Boscolo, A. Variola
INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy
E. Bagli
INFN-Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
G. Cavoto
INFN-Roma, Roma, Italy
P. Raimondi
ESRF, Grenoble, France

Muon beams are customarily obtained via K/π decays produced in proton interaction on target. In this paper we investigate the possibility to produce low emittance muon beams from electron-positron collisions at centre-of-mass energy just above the μ⁺{+}μ⁺{-} production threshold with maximal beam energy asymmetry, corresponding to a positron beam of about 45 GeV interacting on electrons on target. Performances on both amorphous and crystal target are presented, and the general scheme for the muon production will be given. We present the main features of this scheme with a first preliminary evaluation of the performances that could be achieved by a multi-TeV muon collider.

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TUPMY008

Phase Rotation of Muon Beams for Producing Intense Low-energy Muon Beams

experiment, proton, simulation, solenoid

1556

Y. Bao, Y. Bao, G. Hansen
UCR, Riverside, California, USA
D.V. Neuffer
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

Low-energy muon beams are useful for rare decay researches, providing access to new physics that cannot be addressed at high-energy colliders. However, the large initial energy spread of the muon beam greatly limits the efficiency of muon applications. In this paper we outline a phase rotation method to significantly increase the intensity of low-energy muons. The muons are first produced by a short pulsed proton driver, and after a drift channel they form a time-momentum correlation. A series of rf cavities is used to bunch the muons and then phase rotate the bunches so that all the bunches reaches a momentum around 100 MeV/c. Then another group of rf cavities is used to decelerate the muon bunches to low-energy. Such a method produces low-energy muons with an efficiency of 0.1 muon per 8 GeV proton, which is significantly higher than the current Mu2e experiment at Fermilab, and it provides the possibility for the next generation rare decay researches.

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TUPMY018

Recent Progress of Proton Acceleration at Peking University

laser, electron, ion, plasma

1588

Q. Liao, Y.X. Geng, C. Lin, H.Y. Lu, W.J. Ma, X.Q. Yan, Y.Y. Zhao
PKU, Beijing, People's Republic of China

We study the enhanced laser ion acceleration using near critical density plasma lens attached to the front of a solid target. The laser quality is spontaneously improved by the plasma lens and energy density of hot electrons is greatly increased by the direct laser acceleration mechanism. Both factors will induce stronger sheath electric field at the rear surface of the target, which accelerates ions to a higher energy. Particle-in-cell simulations show that proton energy can be increased 2-3 times compared with single solid target. This result provides the opportunities for applications of laser plasma accelerator, such as cancer therapy. Further experiments will soon be carried out on 200 TW laser acceleration system at Peking University.

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TUPMY019

CLAPA Proton Beam Line in Peking University

proton, laser, plasma, ion

1592

J.G. Zhu, J.E. Chen, C. Lin, H.Y. Lu, W.J. Ma, L. Tao, X.Q. Yan, K. Zhu
PKU, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Comparing with the conventional accelerator, the laser plasma accelerator can accelerate ions more effectively and greatly reduce the scale and cost. A laser accelerator− Compact Laser Plasma Accelerator (CLAPA) is being built at Institute of Heavy Ion physics of Peking University. According to the beam parameters from proof of principle experiments and theoretical simulations, we design the beam line for ions transport which is being built now and in the near future we will carry out experimental study with it. The beam line is mainly constituted by quadrupole and analyzing magnets . The quadrupole triplet lens collects protons generated from the target, while the analyzing magnet system will choose the protons with proper energy. The transport is simulated by program TRACK. The beam line is designed to deliver proton beam with the energy of 1~ 40MeV, energy spread of ±1% and 106-8 protons per pulse to satisfy the requirement of different experiments. The transmission efficiency is about 94% when the energy spread is ±1%.

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TUPMY035

Short-wavelength Radiation of a Small Charged Bunch in Presence of a Dielectric Prism

radiation, optics, polarization, vacuum

1626

A.V. Tyukhtin, S.N. Galyamin
Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
E.S. Belonogaya
LETI, Saint-Petersburg, Russia

Funding: Work is supported by the Grant from Russian Foundation for Basic Research (No. 15-02-03913).
Investigation of radiation of a charged particle bunch in the presence of a large (compared with wavelengths under consideration) dielectric object can be performed using certain approximate methods. We develop here the method based on the known Stratton-Chu formulae which allows calculating the field everywhere outside the object including the Fresnel and Fraunhofer areas, as well as neighborhoods of focal points*. The main problem considered here consists in investigation of radiation of a small bunch moving along boundary of a dielectric prism or in channel inside a prism. Approximate analytical solutions of the problem are obtained and typical numerical results are given.
*S.N. Galyamin and A.V. Tyukhtin, Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 064802, 2014.

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TUPMY044

Carbon and Mercury Target Systems for Muon Colliders and Neutrino Factories

proton, emittance, collider, factory

1641

K.T. McDonald
PU, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
J.S. Berg, H.G. Kirk, D. Stratakis
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
X.P. Ding
UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA

Funding: Work supported in part by US DOE Contract NO. DE-AC02-98CH110886
A high-power target is required to convert a powerful MW-class proton beam into an intense muon source or neutrino source in support of physics at the intensity frontier. The first phase of a Muon Collider or Neutrino Factory program may use a 6.75-GeV proton driver with beam power of only 1 MW. At this lower power it is favorable to use a graphite target with beam and target tilted slightly to the axis of a 20-T pion-capture solenoid around the target. Using the MARS15 (2014) code, we optimized the geometric parameters of the beam and target to maximize particle production at low energies by an incoming proton beam with kinetic energy of 6.75 GeV impinging on this carbon target. We also studied beam-dump configurations to suppress the rate of undesirable high-energy secondary particles in the beam. For a possible upgrade to a proton beam of multi-MW power, we considered a free-flowing mercury jet.

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TUPOW019

Preliminary Concept of Fast Positron Source Based on Photo-injector

positron, electron, simulation, linac

1785

Z. Chu, J.G. Guo, Q. Luo, Z.R. Zhou
USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China

Funding: Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (11375178 and 11575181) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, Grant No WK2310000046
Based on the past experience in slow positron beam, researchers at NSRL/USTC proposed a fast positron source for detection of material deep tiny flaws. Different from conventional positron sources used in positron annihilation techniques, the planned positron source will be a positron production linac, similar to positron injectors used in colliders. To compress the positron pulse, the bombarding electron beam comes from a short bunch photo-injector. A computer simulation was performed using EGS4 and PARMELA code. The bombarding electron bunch is 300pC, with an energy of 30MeV. Simulations results showed that it is reasonable to expect a beam of more than 10⁵ positrons per pulse for future positron annihilation studies. Further work is to be done to achieve precise control of beam energy.

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TUPOW047

Generation of a Coherent Cherenkov Radiation by using Electron Bunch Tilting

radiation, electron, gun, experiment

1870

K. Sakaue
Waseda University, Waseda Institute for Advanced Study, Tokyo, Japan
R. Kuroda, Y. Taira
AIST, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
M. Nishida, M. Washio
Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
J. Urakawa
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

We have been developing a compact accelerator based a laser photocathode rf electron gun at Waseda University. Low emittance and short bunched electron beam can be generated from the gun. Also, the rf transverse deflecting cavity was developed for the bunch length measurement. We performed an experiment for generating a coherent Cherenkov radiation using bunch tilting. The rf transverse deflector can give a tilt for the electron bunch, and the tilt angle was set to the Cherenkov radiating angle which determined by the target refractive index. We successfully demonstrated a coherent Cherenkov radiation and the characterization of the radiation. The principle of coherent Cherenkov radiation generation, the experimental results and future prospective will be presented at the conference.

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TUPOY003

Novel Approach to Utilize Proton Beams from High Power Laser Accelerators for Therapy

laser, proton, acceleration, radiation

1905

U. Masood, M. Baumann, W. Enghardt, L. Karsch, J. Pawelke, S. Schürer
OncoRay, Dresden, Germany
M. Baumann
German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
M. Baumann
German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany
T.E. Cowan, U. Schramm
Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
T.E. Cowan, W. Enghardt, T. Herrmannsdoerfer, J. Pawelke, U. Schramm
HZDR, Dresden, Germany
K.M. Hofmann, J.J. Wilkens
Technische Universität München, Klinikum rechts der Isar & Physics Department, Munich, Germany
F. Kroll
Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Institute of Radiation Physics, Dresden, Germany

Funding: Supported by German BMBF, nos. 03Z1N511 and 03Z1O511 & DFG cluster of excellence MAP.
Protons provide superior radiotherapy benefits to patients, but immense size and cost of the system limits it to only few centers worldwide. Proton acceleration on μm scale via high intensity laser is promising to reduce size and costs of proton therapy, but associated beamlines are still big and massive. Also, in contrast to conventionally accelerated quasi-continuous mono-energetic pencil beams, laser-driven beams have distinct beam properties, i.e. ultra-intense pico-sec bunches with large energy spread and large divergences, and with low repetition rate. With new lasers with petawatt power, protons with therapy related energies could be achieved, however, the beam properties make it challenging to adapt them directly for medical applications. We will present our compact beamline solution including energy selection and divergence control, and a new beam scanning and dose delivery system with specialized 3D treatment planning system for laser-driven proton beams. The beamline is based on high field iron-less pulsed magnets and about three times smaller than the conventional systems*, and can provide high quality clinical treatment plans**.
* U. Masood et al, Applied Phys B, 117(1):41-52, 2014
** K.M. Hofmann et al, Medical Physics, 42(9):5120-5129, 2015

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TUPOY016

The Optimized X-ray Target of Electron Linear Accelerator for Radiotherapy

electron, simulation, linac, detector

1933

N. Juntong, K. Pharaphan
SLRI, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand

The x-ray target in medical electron linear accelerator is an important part in the production of x-ray photon beam. X-ray dose rate is depended on materials and thickness of the target. For the low cost 6 MeV prototype of medical linac in Thailand, this study gives the optimized x-ray target in which the dose rate can be maximized. MCNP simulations were performed during an optimization for a high x-ray dose rate at 1 meter away from the target. Progression of the project is also presented.

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TUPOY017

Beam Energy Deposition from PS Booster and Production Rates of Selected Medical Radioisotopes in the CERN-MEDICIS Target

proton, booster, ion, extraction

1936

B.C. Gonsalves, R.J. Barlow, S.C. Lee
IIAA, Huddersfield, United Kingdom
R.M. Dos Santos Augusto
LMU, München, Germany
T. Stora
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

CERN-MEDICIS uses the scattered (ca. 90%) 1.4 GeV, 2 uA protons delivered by the PS Booster to the ISOLDE target, which would normally end up in the beam dump. After irradiation, the MEDICIS target is transported back to an offline isotope mass separator, where the produced isotopes are mass separated, and are then collected. The required medical radioisotopes are later chemically separated in the class A laboratory. The radioisotopes are transported to partner hospitals for processing and preparation for medical use, imaging or therapy. Production of the isotopes is affected by the designs of the ISOLDE and MEDICIS targets. The MEDICIS target unit is a configurable unit, allowing for variations in target material as well as ion source for the production of selected medical radioisotopes. The energy deposition on both targets is simulated using the Monte Carlo code FLUKA, along with the in-beam production of some medical isotopes of interest. Diffusion and effusion efficiencies are then applied to estimate their production.

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TUPOY019

Geant4 Simulations of Proton-induced Spallation for Applications in ADSR Systems

neutron, proton, simulation, experiment

1943

S.C. Lee
IIAA, Huddersfield, United Kingdom
C. Bungau, R. Cywinski
University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom

Neutron spallation is an efficient process for producing intense neutron fluxes that can be exploited in Accelerator Driven Subcritical Reactors (ADSRs) for energy production and the transmutation of nuclear waste. In order to assess the feasibility of spallation driven fission and transmutation we have simulated proton induced neutron production using GEANT4, initially benchmarking our simulations against published experimental neutron spectra produced from a thick lead target bombarded with 0.5 and 1.5 GeV protons. The Bertini and INCL models available in GEANT4, coupled with the high precision (HP) neutron model, are found to adequately reproduce the published experimental data. Given the confidence in the GEANT4 simulations provided by this benchmarking we have then proceeded to simulate neutron production as a function of target geometry and thence to some preliminary studies of neutron production in an ADSR with a geometry similar to that of the proposed Belgian MYRRHA project. This paper presents the results of our GEANT4 benchmarking and simulations.

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TUPOY020

Compact Accelerator Based Neutron Source for 99mTc Production

neutron, proton, rfq, cyclotron

1946

R. Seviour
University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom
I.R. Bailey
Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
H.L. Owen
UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom

Funding: The authors would like to thank STFC UK for their support of this work
The radioisotope Technetium-99m (^99mTc) is used in 85\% of all nuclear medicine procedures. ^99mTc is produced from its precursor Molybdenum-99 (⁹⁹Mo), which until recently was produced in only five research reactors worldwide. Recently a number of accelerator-based methods have been proposed to fill this gap and to diversify this supply chain. In the paper we present our base compact (4 m) 10 mA 3.5 MeV accelerator design, to generate low-energy neutrons via fusion. In this design we increase neutron capture with a novel moderator assembly to shift the neutron spectrum into the epithermal resonance region of the ⁹⁸Mo capture cross-section to create ⁹⁹Mo. In this paper we examine Li(p, n) reactions for neutron production. Specifically focused on a numerical studies for an optimised target design capable of handling the heat load.

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TUPOY021

Characterisation of the Spectra of Spallation Neutron Sources through Modelling

neutron, proton, simulation, resonance

1950

R.J. Barlow, A. Rummana
IIAA, Huddersfield, United Kingdom
R. Seviour
University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom

We characterise the neutron flux and energy spectra produced by protons on a lead target. This may enable studies of the neutronics of an ADSR, to be separated from the higher energy spallation processes, in order to explore te potential of ADSR as a better alternative for energy production, safety and waste transmutation. We consider a range of proton energies, and show how the numbers of neutrons produced can be fitted by some simple functions of the proton energy, as can the spatial and energy distributions. These calculations were performed in both MCNPX and Geant4 and we compare and benchmark the low energy neutron spectra obtained by MCNPX code and a Monte Carlo Code Geant4 against each other. Discrepancies were found for the low energy neutron spectrum, but by using different models as calculation options for low energy neutrons in Geant4, this disagreement has been significantly reduced.

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TUPOY023

A Compact and High Current FFAG for the Production of Radioisotopes for Medical Applications

proton, injection, simulation, space-charge

1957

D. Bruton, R.J. Barlow, T.R. Edgecock, R. Seviour
University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom
C. Johnstone
PAC, Batavia, Illinois, USA

A low energy Fixed Field Alternating Gradient (FFAG) accelerator has been designed for the production of radioisotopes. Tracking studies have been conducted using the OPAL code, including the effects of space charge. Radioisotopes have a wide range of uses in medicine, and recent disruption to the supply chain has seen a renewed effort to find alternative isotopes and production methods. The design features separate sector magnets with non-scaling, non-linear field gradients but without the counter bends commonly found in FFAG's. The machine is isochronous at the level of 0.3% up to at least 28 MeV and hence able to operate in Continuous Wave (CW) mode. Both protons and helium ions can be used with this design and it has been demonstrated that proton beams with currents of up to 20 mA can be accelerated. An interesting option for the production of radioisotopes is the use of a thin internal target. We have shown that this design has large acceptance, ideal for allowing the beam to be recirculated through the target many times, the lost energy being restored on each cycle. In this way, the production of Technetium-99m, for example, can take place at the optimum energy.

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TUPOY029

Gem*Star Consortium Proposal to Build a Demonstration Accelerator Driven System

operation, proton, site, neutron

1973

R.P. Johnson, R.J. Abrams, M.A.C. Cummings, T.J. Roberts
Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA
R.B. Vogelaar
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA

The GEM*STAR Consortium of four companies, two universities, and two US national laboratories has formed Mu*STAR, a new company, to fund and build a profitable pilot plant to demonstrate the advantages of subcritical molten-salt-fueled nuclear reactors driven by superconducting RF proton linacs. The GEM*STAR multipurpose reactor design features new accelerator power capabilities, an internal spallation neutron target, and high temperature molten salt fuel with continuous purging of volatile radioactive fission products such that the reactor contains less than a critical mass and almost a million times fewer volatile radioactive fission products than conventional reactors. GEM*STAR is a reactor that without redesign will burn spent nuclear fuel (SNF), natural uranium, thorium, or surplus weapons material. It will operate without the need for a critical core, fuel enrichment, or reprocessing, making it an excellent design overall, and a strong candidate for export. We describe the design and plans for funding a pilot plant that could profitably dispose of excess weapons-grade plutonium.

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TUPOY042

Schemes for the Accelerator-driven System

proton, cyclotron, neutron, operation

1995

T.-Y. Lee, H.-S. Lee, S. Shin
PAL, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea

Accelerator-Driven system (ADS) is considered the fu-ture nuclear reactor. In principle, it is safer and creates less waste than the conventional nuclear reactor, and provides the transmutation function that converts spent fuel into short-lived elements. However, to fully realize this system, a huge proton accelerator (typically, 1 GeV beam energy and over 10 MW beam power) with ex-tremely high operational stability is necessary. This paper discusses how the currently available technology can be applied for nuclear transmutation.

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TUPOY043

GEM*STAR Accelerator-Driven Subcritical System for Improved Safety, Waste Management, and Plutonium Disposition

neutron, proton, simulation, operation

1998

M.A.C. Cummings, R.P. Johnson, T.J. Roberts
Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA

Operation of high-power SRF particle accelerators at two US national laboratories allows us to consider a less-expensive nuclear reactor that operates without the need for a critical core, fuel enrichment, or reprocessing. A multipurpose reactor design that takes advantage of this new accelerator capability includes an internal spallation neutron target and high-temperature molten-salt fuel with continuous purging of volatile radioactive fission products. The reactor contains less than a critical mass and almost a million times fewer volatile radioactive fission products than conventional reactors like those at Fukushima. We describe GEMSTAR , a reactor that without redesign will burn spent nuclear fuel, natural uranium, thorium, or surplus weapons material. A first application is to burn 34 tonnes of excess weapons grade plutonium as an important step in nuclear disarmament under the 2000 Plutonium Management and Disposition Agreement **. The process heat generated by this W-Pu can be used for the Fischer-Tropsch conversion of natural gas and renewable carbon into 42 billion gallons of low-CO2-footprint, drop-in, synthetic diesel fuel for the DOD.

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TUPOY045

Effect of the Beam Time Structure on the Neutronics of an Accelerator Driven Subcritical Reactor

neutron, proton, operation, controls

2004

M. Haj Tahar, F. Méot
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
When designing a high power accelerator for an ADSR, it is important to optimize the beam parameters to be compatible with the steady state character of the reactor operation and to define an adequate and safe startup procedure. In this study we investigate the impact of the beam time structure on the kinetic behavior of the sub-critical core and derive a general relationship between the time evolution of the neutron population and the proton beam.

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TUPOY046

Study on NRF-CT Imaging by Laser Compton Backscattering Gamma-rays in UVSOR

detector, laser, photon, resonance

2007

H. Ohgaki, I. Daito, T. Kii, H. Zen
Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
T. Hayakawa, T. Shizuma
JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan
M. Katoh, J. Yamazaki
UVSOR, Okazaki, Japan
Y. Taira, H. Toyokawa
AIST, Tsukuba, Japan

Funding: This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 26289363, 24340060 and the Joint Studies Program (2014) of the Institute for Molecular Science.
Monochromatic gamma-ray beam in MeV energy region is suitable for non-destructive inspection of high density and massive objects because of its high penetrability. A specific nuclide can be detected by the process of Nuclear Resonance Fluorescence (NRF). A non-destructive inspection of Special Nuclear Materials hidden in a container cargo using NRF is proposed by Bertozzi*. Non-destructive detection of Pu inside of a spent nuclear fuel rod is also proposed for management of radioactive wastes, nuclear material accounting and safeguards**. We have developed 2D NRF imaging by using quasi-monochromatic gamma-ray beam in MeV energy region generated by Laser Compton Backscattering (LCS) method*** and proposed to develop an NRF-CT image in the ELI-NP where a high intensity LCS beam can be available in near future. To demonstrate and finalize the measurement system of the NRF-CT imaging by using LCS gamma-ray beam, we have started a study on NRF-CT imaging at the new LCS beamline in UVSOR. The LCS beamline can generate 5.4 MeV LCS gamma-rays with a flux of 1×10⁷ photons/s. We have measured the 5.291 MeV NRF gamma-rays from a lead target in this beamline and tried to take a NRF-CT image.
* W. Bertozzi et al., Nucl. Inst. Meth. B241, 820-825 (2005).
** B. Ludewigt et al., Proc. of 2010 ANS meeting (2010).
*** H. Toyokawa et al., JJAP, 50, 100209 (2011).

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WEOBA03

High Brilliance Uranium Beams for FAIR

brilliance, emittance, ion, injection

2052

W.A. Barth, A. Adonin, Ch.E. Düllmann, M. Heilmann, R. Hollinger, E. Jäger, O.K. Kester, J. Khuyagbaatar, J. Krier, E. Plechov, P. Scharrer, W. Vinzenz, H. Vormann, A. Yakushev, S. Yaramyshev
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
Ch.E. Düllmann, J. Khuyagbaatar, P. Scharrer, A. Yakushev
HIM, Mainz, Germany
Ch.E. Düllmann
Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Institut of Nuclear Chemistry, Mainz, Germany
P. Scharrer
Mainz University, Mainz, Germany

The 40 years old GSI-UNILAC (Universal Linear Accelerator) as well as the heavy ion synchrotron SIS18 will serve as a high current heavy ion injector for the new FAIR (Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research) synchrotron SIS100. Due to an advanced machine investigation program in combination with the ongoing UNILAC upgrade program, a new uranium beam intensity record (10 emA, U²⁹⁺) at very high beam brilliance was achieved recently in a machine experiment campaign. This is an important step paving the way to fulfill the FAIR heavy ion high intensity beam requirements. Results of high current uranium beam measurements applying a newly developed pulsed hydrogen gas stripper (at 1.4 MeV/u) will be presented in detail.

Slides WEOBA03 [2.281 MB]

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WEOCA02

First Operational Experience with an Internal Halo Target at RHIC

operation, detector, collider, experiment

2070

C. Montag
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
An internal halo target has been installed in the STAR detector at RHIC to extend the energy range towards lower energies and increase the event rates in the search for the critical point in the QCD phase diagram. We discuss geometric considerations that led to the present target layout and present first operational results.

Slides WEOCA02 [1.605 MB]

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WEXB01

Status, Plans and Potential Applications of the ELIMED Beam Line at ELI-Beamlines

laser, ion, proton, acceleration

2077

G.A.P. Cirrone, L. Allegra, A. Amato, A. Amico, G. Candiano, A.C. Caruso, L. Cosentino, M. Costa, G. Cuttone, G. De Luca, G. Gallo, S. Gammino, G. Larosa, R. Leanza, R. Manna, V. Marchese, G. Milluzzo, G. Petringa, J. Pipek, P.S. Pulvirenti, F. Romano, S. Salamone, F. Schillaci, V. Scuderi
INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
G. Korn, D. Margarone, V. Scuderi
ELI-BEAMS, Prague, Czech Republic

Charged particle acceleration using ultra-intense and ultra-short laser pulses has gathered a strong interest in the scientific community and it is now one of the most attractive topics in the relativistic laser-plasma interaction research. Indeed, it could represent the future of particle acceleration and open new scenarios in multidisciplinary fields, in particular, medical applications. One of the biggest challenges consists of using, in a future perspective, high intensity laser-target interaction to generate high-energy ions for therapeutic purposes, eventually replacing the old paradigm of acceleration, characterized by huge and complex machines. In this framework, INFN-LNS (Italian Institute of Nuclear Physics, Catania (I)) in collaboration with ELI-Beamline Institute (Dolny Brezany, CZ) will realise, within 2017 the ELIMED (ELI-Beamlines MEDical and multidisciplinary applications) beamline. ELIMED will be the first Users' addressed transport beamline dedicated to the medical and multidisciplinary studies with laser-accelerated ion beams.

Slides WEXB01 [29.683 MB]

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WEOAB01

Advanced Acceleration Mechanisms for Laser Driven Ions by PW-lasers

laser, ion, acceleration, electron

2082

S.S. Bulanov, E. Esarey, Q. Ji, W. Leemans, T. Schenkel, S. Steinke
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA

Funding: This work was supported by LDRD funding from Berkeley Laboratory, provided by the Director, Office of Science, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
With the fast development of laser technology the energy of laser accelerated proton beams rose up to almost 100 MeV. The PW-class laser facilities that are being built right now or are already in operation, such as the Berkeley Lab Laser Accelerator (BELLA) Center, will offer peak intensities approaching 10²² W/cm². This will allow the development of a new generation laser ion accelerators for numerous applications. The integral part of this task is the investigation of the advanced acceleration mechanisms for laser driven ion beams that would allow for a high degree of control over the angular and energy distributions of ion beams, as well as the increase of the maximum ion energy. We will present recent theoretical and simulation results on three advanced acceleration mechanisms: (i) Directed Coulomb Explosion*, (ii) Radiation Pressure Acceleration**, and (iii) Magnetic Vortex acceleration***.
Reference:
* S. S. Bulanov et al, Phys. Rev. E 78, 026412 (2008).
** S. S. Bulanov et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 105003 (2015).
*** S. S. Bulanov et al, Phys. Rev. STAB 18, 061302 (2015).

Slides WEOAB01 [39.942 MB]

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WEYB01

Diagnostic Systems of the PAL-XFEL

electron, electronics, diagnostics, pick-up

2091

C. Kim, S.Y. Baek, H. J. Choi, J.H. Hong, H.-S. Kang, G. Kim, J.H. Kim, I.S. Ko, S.J. Lee, G. Mun, B.G. Oh, B.R. Park, D.C. Shin, H. Yang
PAL, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea

The Pohang Accelerator Laboratory (PAL) started an x-ray free electron laser project (PAL-XFEL) in 2011. The construction was finished at the end of 2015 and the commissioning is planned from the beginning of 2016. In the PAL-XFEL, an electron beam with 200 pC will be generated from a photocathode RF gun and will be accelerated to 10 GeV by using a linear accelerator. The electron beam will pass through undulator section to produce hard X-ray radiation. For the successful commissioning and beam operation, various kinds of instruments were prepared.

Slides WEYB01 [11.770 MB]

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WEOBB03

A Non-destructive Profile Monitor Using a Gas Sheet

electron, ion, proton, experiment

2102

N. Ogiwara, Y. Hikichi, J. Kamiya, M. Kinsho, Y. Namekawa
JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan
M. Fukuda, K. Hatanaka, T. Shima
RCNP, Osaka, Japan

We are developing a dense gas-sheet target to realize a non-destructive and fast-response beam profile monitor for 3 GeV rapid cycling synchrotron (RCS) in the J-PARC. This time, to demonstrate the function of the gas sheet for measuring the 2 dimensional profiles of the accelerated beams, the following experiments were carried out: 1) The gas sheet with a thickness of 1.5 mm and the density of 2×10^-4 Pa was generated by the combination of the deep slit and the thin slit. Here, the gas sheet was produced by the deep slit, and the shape of the sheet was improved by the thin slit. 2) For the electron beam of 30 keV with a diameter greater than 0.35 mm, the position and the two-dimensional profiles were well measured using the gas sheet. 3) Then the profiles of the 400 MeV proton beam with a current of 1×10-6 A was well measured, too.

Slides WEOBB03 [4.718 MB]

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WEPMB014

Cavity Performance of the Prototype KEK Superconducting RF Gun

cathode, cavity, gun, SRF

2148

T. Konomi, E. Kako, E. Kako, Y. Kobayashi, Y. Kobayashi, K. Umemori, K. Umemori, S. Yamaguchi
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
R. Matsuda
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd. (MHI), Takasago, Japan
T. Yanagisawa
MHI, Hiroshima, Japan

A superconducting RF (SRF) gun can generate a high current and high energy beam. It has a possibility to achieve requirement from high performance ERL and high repetition FEL. Target values of the L-band KEK SRF gun are that beam repetition is 1.3 GHz, beam current is 100 mA, beam energy is 2 MeV, emittance is 1 mm mrad or less. The number of cell is 1.5. Accelerating energy of 2 MeV corresponds to 42 MV/m of maximum surface field. The photocathode is designed to be illuminated by excitation laser from backside. The SRF gun cavity consists of the 1.5 cell accelerating cavity, cathode plug and choke filter for protecting the heating of cathode plug. To evaluate these parts individually, these parts are added step by step. High gradient test of the accelerating cell without cathode plug and choke filter was done. The surface peak electric field reached 66 MV/m, and this meet the target value 42 MV/m sufficiently. Next high gradient test will be done after adding the choke filter. The choke filter is designed to be simple to wash choke cell easier. In this conference, we will report the design, fabrication and high gradient performance of the SRF gun cavity with choke filter.

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WEPMB031

Post Processing of Spoke Type Superconducting Cavities at Institute of High Energy Physics

cavity, linac, proton, SRF

2191

J. Dai, J.P. Dai, F.S. He, X. Huang, L.H. Li, Z.Q. Li, H.Y. Lin, Z.C. Liu, B. Ni, W.M. Pan, P. Sha, G.W. Wang, Q.Y. Wang, Z. Xue, X.Y. Zhang, G.Y. Zhao
IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Funding: Work supported by Chinese Academy of Science strategic Priority Research Program-Future Advanced Nuclear Fission Energy.
After upgrading the post-processing system, several superconducting cavities were RF tested at Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP) in China recently. The test results of 14 spoke 012 cavities and 6 spoke 021 cavities which used at China ADS injector I and linac all exceeds our design objective. Moreover, a spoke 040, a 650MHz elliptical cavity and a 325MHz HWR cavity are also vertical tested and the test results are all significantly surpass our design value. The post processing of these cavities including Buffered Chemical Polishing (BCP), high temperature heat treatment and High Pressure water Rinsing (HPR) is presented here.
daijin@pku.edu.cn

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WEPMB036

High Pressure Rinsing for Niobium Superconducting Cavity

cavity, niobium, SRF, operation

2202

Y. Jung, M.J. Joung, M. Lee
IBS, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
J. Lee, J. Seo
Vitzrotech Co., Ltd., Ansan City, Kyunggi-Do, Republic of Korea

Niobium superconducting cavity is treated with high pressure rinsing to clean the inner surface of the cavity. Either organic or inorganic residues on the inner surface of the cavity can cause serious problems during the cavity operation. A thermal quenching - superconducting material loses its superconductivity - is a typical phenomenon brought out by harmful defects by increasing critical temperature. We have performed high pressure rinsing experiments to check out a prototype HPR machine. HPR experiments were performed with a simplified cavity structure, and analyzed as a function of the pressure, the distance from a nozzle, and the sizes of defects on the niobium surface. In this presentation, we will discuss the performance of the prototype HPR machine.

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WEPMB057

First Results of Magnetic Field Penetration Measurements on Multilayer S-I-S Structures

SRF, cavity, niobium, experiment

2245

O.B. Malyshev, K.D. Dumbell, L. Gurran, N. Pattalwar, S.M. Pattalwar, R. Valizadeh
STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
A.V. Gurevich
ODU, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
L. Gurran
Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
L. Gurran
Cockcroft Institute, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
O.B. Malyshev, S.M. Pattalwar, R. Valizadeh
Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom

The performance of superconducting RF cavities made of bulk Nb is limited by a breakdown field of Bp=~200 mT, close to the superheating field for Nb. A potentially promising solution to enhance the breakdown field of the SRF cavities beyond the intrinsic limits of Nb is a multilayer coating suggested in [1]. In the simplest case, such a multilayer may be a superconductor-insulator-superconductor (S-I-S) coating, for example, bulk niobium (S) coated with a thin film of insulator (I) followed by a thin layer of another superconductor (S) which could be e.g. dirty niobium [2]. Here we report the first results of our measurements of field penetration in Nb thin films and Nb-AlN-Nb multilayer samples at 4.2 K using the magnetic field penetration facility designed, built and tested in ASTeC.

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WEPMR016

Vertical Electropolishing Studies at Cornell with KEK and Marui

cathode, cavity, SRF, niobium

2295

F. Furuta, G.M. Ge, T. Gruber, J.J. Kaufman, J. Sears
Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
V. Chouhan, Y.I. Ida, K.N. Nii, T.Y. Yamaguchi
MGH, Hyogo-ken, Japan
H. Hayano, S. Kato, T. Saeki
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

Cornell's SRF group has developed Vertical Electro-Polishing (VEP) and applied on 1.3GHz Niobium SRF cavities as the primary surface treatment. High-Q and high voltage performances of VEP'ed SRF cavities had been successfully demonstrated at Cornell. In 2014, new VEP R&D collaboration has started between Cornell, KEK, and Marui Galvanizing Co. Ltd. (MGI). MGI and KEK has developed their original VEP cathode named 'i-cathode Ninja'® which has four retractable wing-shape parts per cell for single-/9-cell cavities. We will report the results of VEP process using 'i-cathode Ninja'® on single cell cavity at Cornell.

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WEPMR022

ERL Main Linac Cryomodule Cavity Performance and Effect of Thermal Cycling

cavity, cryomodule, linac, SRF

2312

F. Furuta, J. Dobbins, R.G. Eichhorn, G.M. Ge, D. Gonnella, G.H. Hoffstaetter, M. Liepe, T.I. O'Connell, P. Quigley, D.M. Sabol, J. Sears, E.N. Smith, V. Veshcherevich
Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA

Cornell has designed, fabricated, and tested a high current (100 mA) CW SRF prototype cryomodule for the future energy-recovery linac (ERL) based synchrotron-light facility at Cornell . It houses six 7-cell SRF cavities with individual HOM absorbers and one magnet/ BPM section. Cavities are targeted to operate with high Qo of 2.0·10¹⁰ at 16.2 MV/m, 1.8 K in continuous wave (CW) mode. We will report the RF test results of 7-cell cavities in this cryomodule after initial cooldown and several thermal cycles with different cooldown method.

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WEPMW001

End-to-End Beam Simulations for the New Muon G-2 Experiment at Fermilab

proton, storage-ring, experiment, simulation

2408

M. Korostelev, I.R. Bailey, A. Wolski
Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
I.R. Bailey
Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
A. Herrod, A. Wolski
The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
J.P. Morgan
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
W. Morse, D. Stratakis, V. Tishchenko
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA

The aim of the new muon g-2 experiment at Fermilab is to measure the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon with an unprecedented uncertainty of 140 ppb. A beam of positive muons required for the experiment is created by pion decay. Detailed studies of the beam dynamics and spin polarization of the muons are important to predict systematic uncertainties in the experiment. In this paper, we present the results of beam simulations and spin tracking from the pion production target to the muon storage ring. The end-to-end beam simulations are developed in Bmad and include the processes of particle decay, collimation (with accurate representation of all apertures) and spin tracking.

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WEPMY002

SLRI Beam Test Facility Development Project

electron, synchrotron, detector, booster

2539

K. Kittimanapun, N. Chanlek, S. Cheedket, N. Juntong, P. Klysubun, S. Krainara, K. Sittisard, S. Supajeerapan
SLRI, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand

Funding: This work is supported by the National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA) under contract FDA-C0-2558-855-TH.
The SLRI Beam Test Facility (SLRI BTF) is a part of the future upgrades of the SLRI accelerator complex. Upon completion, SLRI BTF will be able to produce electron test beams with the number of electrons ranging from a few to several thousand electrons per bunch. The project is divided into three stages based on the complexity of the electron reduction setups. The simple setup for the initial stage has been implemented without any modifications to the current high-energy beam transport line (HBT) while additional elements together with an existing 4-degree dipole are required for the short-term setup in the second stage. For the last stage, a new dedicated transfer line equipped with a high-resolution energy selector will be constructed to direct the electron beam from the HBT beam line to an experimental station. This project aims to provide a defined number of electrons with maximum energy of 1 GeV for calibration and testing of high energy detectors as well as other beam diagnostic instrumentations.

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WEPMY011

Compact Laser Plasma Accelerator at Peking University

laser, plasma, acceleration, electron

2569

L.R.F. Li, J.E. Chen, S.C. Gao, Y.X. Geng, Q. Liao, J B. Liu, H.Y. Lu, X.Q. Yan, Y.Y. Zhao, Y.Y. Zhu
PKU, Beijing, People's Republic of China
Y.R. Shou
Peking University, School of Physics, Beijing, People's Republic of China

A brand new and solely accelerator based on the interaction physics of high intensity ultrafast laser and plasmas, named Compact LAser Plasma Accelerator (CLAPA), was recently built. The laser system can deliver 5J/25fs @ 800nm pulses with contrast of 10^-10. Experiments on electron acceleration is scheduled with the regime of laser wakefield acceleration. The charge and the energy spread of the accelerated electron beams will be concerned mainly. The experiments is planned with gas targets with single and dual stages. For the single stage acceleration, we will try density ramp injection and a loose focusing for a monoenergetic electron beam with more charge for some applications. With the PIC simulations and new injection methods, it is expected to generate GeV/tens pC electron beam with an energy spread of <1%. For the two stage cascaded acceleration, we will focus on the staged acceleration and control of the injection of the second stage, as well as the acceleration length of the second stage by manipulating the parameters of the gas target as well as the laser itself. The far future goal of the second plan is to develop a designable and applicable accelerators.
* W.Lu, Phys. Rev.ST Accel. Beams 10.061301 （2007）
** J. Faure, Nature 431, 541 (2004)
***J.S. Liu, Phys. Rev. Lett 107, 035001 (2011)

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WEPMY036

Laser Ablation Ion Source for Highly Charge-State Ion Beams

ion, extraction, plasma, laser

2632

N. Munemoto, K. Horioka
TIT, Yokohama, Japan
K. Okamura, S. Takano, K. Takayama
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
K. Okamura, K. Takayama
Sokendai, Ibaraki, Japan

The KEK Laser ablation ion source (KEK-LAIS) is un-der development in order to generate highly ionized metal and fully ionized carbon ions for future applica-tions*. Laser ablation experiments have been carried out by using Nd-YAG laser (0.75 J/pulse, 20 ns) at the KEK test bench. Basic parameters such as a charge-state spec-trum and momentum spectrum of the plasma and extract-ed ion beam current have been obtained. Extraction of C ions from the LAIS is described.
* N.Munemoto et al., Rev. Sci. Inst. 85, 02B922 (2014)

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WEPMY041

Development of Mobile Neutron Sources Driven by X-Band Electron Linacs for Infrastructure Maintenance and Nuclear Security

neutron, electron, linac, site

2648

Y. Seki, J.M. Bereder, M. Uesaka
The University of Tokyo, Nuclear Professional School, Ibaraki-ken, Japan

We are developing a compact neutron source with a 3.95 MeV X-band (9.3 GHz) electron linac based X-ray source. The X-ray source, which included a tungsten target for bremsstrahlung, was originally fabricated for on-site nondestructive inspections for infrastructures such as bridges, expressways and tunnels. Attachment of a photo-neutron target to this X-ray source allows a new mobile neutron source. Main applications of this neutron source are on-site moisture detection in infrastructures, and nuclear materials measurement in fuel debris for decommissioning Fukushima nuclear power plants. Our approach also realizes a mobile X-ray/neutron hybrid source system in the future. The beryllium was employed as target material since it had especially small threshold energy for the photo neutron production. We have developed a 60-cm-cube target station by combining a beryllium block, a graphite reflector, a polyethylene moderator, a boric acid resin layer (neutron shied), and a lead layer (gamma-ray shield). This presentation will report a pilot experiment of neutron generation and discuss the results compared to a Monte Carlo simulation.

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WEPOR017

A Micrometric Positioning Sensor for Laser-Based Alignment

laser, experiment, alignment, vacuum

2700

G. Stern, H. Mainaud Durand, D. Piedigrossi, M. Sosin
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
A. Geiger, S. Guillaume
ETH, Zurich, Switzerland

The Compact Linear Collider requires 10 μm accuracy over 200m for the alignment of its components. Since current techniques based on stretched wire or water level are difficult to implement, other options are under study. We propose a laser alignment system using positioning sensors made of camera/shutter assemblies. The goal is to implement such a positioning sensor. The corresponding studies comprise design and calibration as well as investigations of measurement accuracy and precision. On the one hand, we describe mathematically the laser beam propagation, its interaction with the shutter and image processing. On the other hand, we present experiments done with the prototype of a positioning sensor. As a result, we give practical suggestions to build the positioning sensors and we describe a calibration protocol to be applied to all sensors before measuring. In addition, we deliver estimates for measurement accuracy and precision. Our work provides the first steps towards a full alignment system.

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WEPOR019

Development of CVD Diamond Detector for Beam Conditioning Monitor at the SuperKEKB Linac

detector, radiation, electron, linac

2707

S. Kazama, T. Kamitani
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
P. Bambade, V. Kubytskyi
LAL, Orsay, France

Positron beams in SuperKEKB will be produced from electromagnetic showers originating from the interaction between primary electron beams and a tungsten target. Since the emittance of primary beams is very small, the target is easy to be destroyed if focused beams are irradiated. In the SuperKEKB LINAC, a plate called spoiler is placed in the upstream of the target to enlarge the beam spot size. If the beam control is in a correct way, radioactive rays will be observed near both the spoiler and the target. However, if the beam control is not successful and primary beams are irradiated directly on the target, significant radiations are observed only near the target. If such a behavior is observed, primary beams must be stopped to protect the target. Since the number of electrons in a bunch is quite large(~10nC), the radiation dose is expected to be very high. Therefore, the radiation detector is required to have a high radiation-tolerance over a long period of time. Diamond has a high radiation tolerance due to its strong covalent bond, and we are now developing radiation detectors using diamond crystals. In this talk, current status including beam test measurements will be shown.

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WEPOR050

How to Build and Maintain a Development Environment for the Development of Controls Software Applications: An Example of "Infrastructure as Code" within the Physics Accelerator Community.

software, controls, EPICS, software-component

2781

L. Fernández, R. Andersson, H. Hagenrud, T. Korhonen, R. Mudingay
ESS, Lund, Sweden
B. Zupanc
Cosylab, Ljubljana, Slovenia

The Integrated Control System Division (ICS) at the European Spallation Source (ESS) has the mandate to provide all the needed tools to ESS staff, in-kind contributors and consultants spread all over Europe, in order for them to build software for the commissioning and operation of the ESS. This includes EPICS applications, scripting environments, physics simulators and commissioning tools among others. ICS needs to provide support for new releases of the different software components, guaranteeing that the development environment of all the users can be properly updated. ICS needs to guarantee as well that environments can be reproducible and at the same time give the flexibility to users to own and customize their environments. ICS used a new virtualization technology (Vagrant) and a new configuration management system (Ansible) to provide a cutting edge development environment where all the software infrastructure can be described as code and properly stored in a version control system, tagged, tested, versioned and rollbacked if needed.

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WEPOW060

Top Off Algorithm Development and Commissioning at NSLS-II

injection, operation, storage-ring, feedback

2988

R.P. Fliller, A.A. Derbenev, T.V. Shaftan, G.M. Wang
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA

Funding: This manuscript has been authored by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
Recently, NSLS-II introduced top off as the standard mode of beam delivery for the users. During top off, we are required to maintain the beam current within ±0.5% of nominal, and the bunch to bunch variation over the train less than 20% for all operating conditions. In this paper, we discuss the algorithm used for top off, simulations of various operating conditions and performance of the algorithm during operations.

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THXB01

Review of Accelerator-based Boron Neutron Capture Therapy Machines

neutron, linac, proton, cyclotron

3171

M. Yoshioka
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) is a promising method for cancer therapy. A few accelerator-based BNCT projects are in progress in Japan, and plans for such systems are discussed in Europe, China, Taiwan and Korea. To obtain sufficient epi-thermal neutron flux, 30-50 kW of proton beam power is required. This talk reviews the present situation of the BNCT projects in the world. Key issues for the stable production of epi-thermal neutrons for medical applications are discussed. This includes the type of accelerator (linac or cyclotron), the selection of proton energy (3 MeV, 8 MeV, or 30 MeV), the coice of target (Li or Be) and moderator.

Slides THXB01 [4.059 MB]

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THPMB001

Muon Production via the ESSnuSB Project

proton, linac, detector, extraction

3213

E. Bouquerel, E. Baussan, M. Dracos
IPHC, Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
N. Vassilopoulos
IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Funding: This project is now supported by the COST Action CA15139 "Combining forces for a novel European facility for neutrino-antineutrino symmetry-violation discovery" (EuroNuNet).
ESSnuSB plans to produce very intense neutrino beams using the protons from the ESS linac (5 MW, 2 GeV) and a 4-targets horn system. In the ESSnuSB proposed facility a copious number of muons will also be produced. These muons could be used by a future Neutrino Factory to study CP violation in the leptonic sector but also to study neutrino cross-sections. They could also be used to feed a future muon collider. The feasibility and the issues of extracting the intense muon beam produced together with neutrinos are discussed.

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THPMB011

Beam Based Alignment Methods for Cavities and Solenoids in Photo-Injectors

solenoid, cavity, linac, experiment

3247

M. Rossetti Conti
Universita' degli Studi di Milano & INFN, Milano, Italy
A. Bacci
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Milano, Italy

Solenoids are often used as lens-like beam focusing elements in electron linacs, especially in the low energy beam lines aside the Gun solenoid for emittance compensation, a common element of high brightness photo-injectors. There are also many electron linacs worldwide which use the Velocity Bunching beam compression technique, which needs solenoids wrapping the first acceleration cavity. A misalignment between the beam trajectory and the magnetic center of the solenoids produces a decrease in the beam quality and makes it necessary to find a complex steering setting to force the beam on a good orbit. In this proceeding we present a study of two beam based alignment techniques, which are correlated: the first shows a method to find the correct electromagnetic axis of an acceleration cavity, the second shows how to align the solenoids (wrapping the cavity) on this axis. Therefore the study permits to find the best steering setting and the solenoids positions corrections which have to be done. The work is based on real data acquired on the SPARC linac and on a virtual experiment.

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THPMB015

Muon Charge Separation by Mixed Structure of Dipoles and Solenoids

solenoid, emittance, dipole, beam-transport

3257

Y.P. Song, H.T. Jing, J.Y. Tang
IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China

A charge separation system comprised by dipoles and solenoids is described which aims to separate positive particles and negative particles apart in secondary beam with a large emittance and huge momentum spread, particularly for mixed-charge muon beams. Nonlinear effect and fringe field effect due to large aperture and large moment range are crucial under this circumstance, which make the charge separation extremely complicated. The design schemes by dipoles and bent solenoids and also simulation results are showed in the paper.

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THPMB054

FFAG Beam Line for nuPIL - Neutrinos from PIon Beam Line

lattice, proton, detector, experiment

3372

J.-B. Lagrange, J. Pasternak
Imperial College of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
R.B. Appleby, S.C. Tygier
UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
R.B. Appleby
Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
A.D. Bross, A. Liu
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
J. Pasternak
STFC/RAL, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom

The Long Baseline Neutrino Facilities (LBNF) program aims to deliver a neutrino beam for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE). The current baseline for LBNF is a conventional magnetic horn and decay pipe system. Neutrinos from PIon beam Line (nuPIL) is a part of the optimization effort to optimize the LBNF. It consists of a pion beam line after the horn to clean the beam of high energy protons and wrong-sign pions before transporting them into a decay beam line, where instrumentation could be implemented. This paper focuses on the FFAG solution for this pion beam line. The resulting neutrino flux is also presented.

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THPMR004

Design of a Compact ion Beam Transport System for the BELLA Ion Accelerator

ion, laser, quadrupole, proton

3391

Q. Ji, S.S. Bulanov, E. Esarey, W. Leemans, T. Schenkel, S. Steinke
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA

Funding: This work was supported by LDRD funding from Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, provided by the Director, Office of Science, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
The Berkeley Lab Laser Accelerator (BELLA) Center hosts a Ti:sapphire CPA laser providing laser pulses at petawatt-level peak power with a repetition rate of 1 Hz. High irradiances of 10²² W/cm² can be achieved with a short focal length beamline when the laser is focused to a spot of w₀ < 5 um. Under this condition, theoretical and particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations have shown that protons and helium ions at energies up to several hundred MeV/u can be expected from the interaction between BELLA laser pulses and different targets. High ion energies*, low energy spread with high controllability and stability, a new generation of ion accelerators using high performance laser-driven ion beam has numerous potential applications such as injectors for conventional accelerators, radiation therapy, as well as high energy density laboratory physics and material science studies. We will present a preliminary ion optics design to collect, transport, and focus the ions generated from the laser-driven ion accelerator, and beam dynamics results using the ion distribution from the PIC simulation.
* S.S. Bulanov et al, Physical Review Special Topics: Accelerators and Beams 18, 061302 (2015).

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THPMR006

Muon Beam Tracking and Spin-Orbit Correlations for Precision g-2 Measurements

simulation, proton, dipole, experiment

3397

D. Tarazona, M. Berz, R. Hipple, K. Makino, M.J. Syphers
MSU, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
M.J. Syphers
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

The main goal of the Muon g-2 Experiment (g-2) at Fermilab is to measure the muon anomalous magnetic moment to unprecedented precision. This new measurement will allow to test the completeness of the Standard Model (SM) and to validate other theoretical models beyond the SM. The close interplay of the understanding of particle beam dynamics and the preparation of the beam properties with the experimental measurement is tantamount to the reduction of systematic errors in the determination of the muon anomalous magnetic moment. We describe progress in developing detailed calculations and modeling of the muon beam delivery system in order to obtain a better understanding of spin-orbit correlations, nonlinearities, and more realistic aspects that contribute to the systematic errors of the g-2 measurement. Our simulation is meant to provide statistical studies of error effects and quick analyses of running conditions for when g-2 is taking beam, among others. We are using COSY, a differential algebra solver developed at Michigan State University that will also serve as an alternative to compare results obtained by other simulation teams of the g-2 Collaboration.

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THPMR018

Ion-Optics of Antiproton Separator at FAIR

antiproton, sextupole, proton, collimation

3431

S.A. Litvinov, A. Dolinskyy, K. Knie
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
I. Koop, P.Yu. Shatunov, I.M. Zemlyansky
BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia

In the framework of antiproton program at FAIR project, the large acceptance antiproton separator is dedicated for the effective separation of the secondary antiprotons from the primary protons and the secondary beams of other particle species and subsequent transportation to the Collector Ring (CR). Here we present the latest ion-optical layout of the antiproton separator and possible second-order correction scheme as well.

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THPMW024

Phase Tuning Results of the Waveguide Network System at Pal

network, resonance, klystron, linac

3597

K.H. Kim, S.H. Kim, H.-S. Lee, S.S. Park, Y.J. Park
PAL, Pohang, Republic of Korea

We report the results of the phase tuning of the waveguide network system with the C-clamp tool and the resonance frequency tuning for the SLAC energy doubler. The high power waveguide network which dividing and feeding the power to the four accelerating structures. The phase length is adjusted within ± 0.25 degrees with a transmission phase measuring method. The resonant frequency range for the SLAC energy doubler is 2856 MHz ± 5 kHz, but a target range is 2856 MHz ± 1 kHz. We measured the phase length and an amplitude with a vector network analyser. The test setup consists of a SLED, a waveguide network, directional couplers, phase stable cables. All components of the waveguide networks were manufactured at VITZRO TECH and tested at the accelerator tunnel in the Pohang Accelerator Laboratory (PAL).

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THPMY013

Laser-Beam Welding for a TPS Beam-Position Monitor

laser, interface, controls, vacuum

3679

Y.T. Huang, C.-C. Chang, J.-R. Chen, G.-Y. Hsiung, S-N. Hsu
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan

The TPS beam-position monitor has two feedthroughs in one flange structure. The hermetic seal was formed with laser-beam welding (LBW). Nd-YAG LBW was adopted to weld a button electrode with a feedthrough; CO2 LBW served for a feedthrough and a flange, Fig. 1. A robotic arm was used for Nd-YAG LBW so that it could accomplish the complicated geometry of the welded joint. Although the CO2 laser was not coordinated with a robotic arm, fixtures were made to implement a circular welded joint the same as welding the feedthrough into a flange. For not only Nd-YAG but also CO2 LBW, the cover gas is the major key that avoids oxidation from atmospheric oxygen and maintains shiny weld beads. Taguchi methods were exploited to find the appropriate parameters for the Nd-YAG pulsed laser, for instance, the laser power, pulse-filling time, frequency etc.. This paper presents the process and details of laser-beam welding of two types for a beam-position monitor.
Laser beam weld, Nd-YAG, CO2, POWER, filling time, beam position monitor

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THPMY023

The Hiradmat 27 Experiment: Exploring High-Density Materials Response at Extreme Conditions for Antiproton Production

experiment, antiproton, proton, instrumentation

3705

C. Torregrosa, M. Bergeret, E. Berthomé, M.E.J. Butcher, M. Calviani, L. Gentini, D. Horvath, J. Humbert, A. Perillo-Marcone, G. Vorraro
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
C. Torregrosa
UPV, Valencia, Spain

The HRMT27-Rodtarg- experiment used the HiRadMat facility at CERN to impact intense 440 GeV proton beams onto thin rods -8 mm diameter, 140 length- made of high-density materials such as Ir, W, Ta, Mo among others. The purpose of the experiment has been to reduce uncertainties on the CERN antiproton target material response and assess the material selection for its future redesign. The experiment was designed to recreate the extreme conditions reached in the named target, estimated on an increase of temperature above 2000 °C in less than 0.5 μs and a subsequent compressive-to-tensile pressure wave of several GPa. The goals of the experiment were to validate the hydrocode calculations used for the prediction of the antiproton target response and to identify limits and failure mechanisms of the materials of interest. In order to accomplishing these objectives, the experiment counted on extensive online optical instrumentation pointing at the rod surfaces. Online results suggest that most of the targets suffer important internal damage even from conditions seven times lower than the reached in the AD-target. Tantalum targets clearly showed the best dynamic response.

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THPMY030

How to Manage a Large Scale Beam Line Consolidation in a Highly Activated Area?

radiation, operation, controls, vacuum

3721

S. Evrard, J.L. Grenard, E. Harrouch, A. Herve, A. Pardons, Y. Pira, Y.D.R. Seraphin, C. Theis, H. Vincke
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The TDC2/TCC2 consolidation is a good example showing how the complexity of interventions in high radiation areas has increased over the last five years. Due to its duration, its dispersion, the diversity of the teams involved, the fixed deadlines, the risks and external constraints, this worksite prefigures large scale-interventions in the LHC during long shutdown 2 (LS2) and even more LS3. The paper describes the three main project phases: preparation, execution (including monitoring and control) and closure emphasizing the indispensable steps in each stage. It also explains why integrating scope, schedule and dose into a single baseline is of prime importance and shows how to manage and monitor the radiation safety performance of the various interventions throughout the execution phase. Eventually, some recommendations are formulated in order to better accommodate the design of high radiation areas to their operation and maintenance constraints.

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THPOR028

Numerical Analysis of Stresses for the Target of the ILC 300 Hz Conventional Positron Source

positron, simulation, linear-collider, collider

3838

S. Jin, J. Gao
IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
T. Omori
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
P. Sievers
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

A 300Hz conventional, e^- driven positron source for the ILC is proposed by an international team. In this paper, we focus on numerical analysis of dynamic stresses in the Tungsten target. These are driven by the pulsed e-beam, which causes rapid heating and subsequent, dynamic loads in the target which can lead to fracture and failure of it. A program of ANSYS workbench is used in the study. The dynamic stresses from both of extremely short (10 ns) and nominal (1μs) thermal pulses are systematically studied in various target related parts such as small spheres, cylinders. Particular attention has also been paid to the buckling of foils.
(*) The first proposal was published in NIMA 672 (2012) 52-56 by
T. Omori, et. al.. The authors come from seven institutes including KEK, Hiroshima U., DESY, ANL, IHEP, SOKENDAI, U. of Hamburg

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THPOR036

Updates on the Sliding Contact Cooling ILC Positron Source Target Development

vacuum, positron, undulator, radiation

3865

W. Liu, D.S. Doran, R.A. Erck, G.R. Fenske, W. Gai, V.J. Guarino
ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA

The R&D of the baseline positron source target for ILC is still ongoing after TDR due to the uncertainty of rotating vacuum seal and water cooling system of the fast spinning target wheel. Different institutes around the globe have proposed different approaches to tackle this issue. A spinning target wheel system with sliding contact cooling has been proposed by ANL. The proposed system eliminated the needs of rotating vacuum seal by using magnetic torque coupler to drive the solid spinning wheel target. The energy deposited from positron production process is taken away via cooling pads sliding against the spinning wheel. A full size test wheel has been built and some initial tests have been done with promising outcomes. Results of these tests are presented in this paper along with a plan for developing a prototype.

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THPOR055

Characterisation of the SPS Slow-extraction Parameters

extraction, simulation, proton, controls

3918

F.M. Velotti, W. Bartmann, T. Bohl, C. Bracco, K. Cornelis, M.A. Fraser, B. Goddard, V. Kain, L.S. Stoel
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) is the last accelerator in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) injector chain but its main users are the fixed-target experiments located in the North Area (NA). The beams, which are among the most intense circulating in the SPS, are extracted to the NA over several thousands of turns by exploiting a third-integer resonant extraction. The unavoidable losses intrinsic to such an extraction makes its optimisation one of the main priorities for operation, to reduce beam induced activation of the machine. The settings of the extraction systems, together with the tune sweep speed and the beam characteristics (momentum spread, emittance, etc.) are the parameters that can be controlled for spill and loss optimisation. In this paper, the contribution of these parameters to the slow-extraction spill quality are investigated through tracking simulations. The simulation model is compared with beam measurements and optimisations suggested.

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THPOW035

Statistical Analysis Package for the Opearion Monitoring at the TLS

operation, database, photon, Windows

4019

Y.K. Lin, H.H. Chen, H.C. Chen, S.J. Huang, C.H. Kuo, A.P. Lee, J.A. Li
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan

Machine operation parameters and interruptions to user beam at Taiwan Light Source (TLS) and Taiwan Photon Source (TPS) are recorded in databases. The data retrieve to TLS uses the File Transfer Protocol (FTP) with two separated databases 10 Hz and 0.1 Hz for quick or detail data analysis options. TPS data storage uses the open source database PostgreSQL. A statistical analysis package HISTORY has been writ-ten in Microsoft Visual C to perform operation monitor-ing and data mining. Operation and failure statistics func-tions are produced for performance evaluation and User Administration & Promotion Office user time statistics.

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THPOW056

Fiber Laser Development for Dielectric Laser-driven Accelerator and Electron Beam Source

laser, electron, radiation, acceleration

4070

H. Okamoto, S. Otsuki
The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
K. Koyama, M. Uesaka
The University of Tokyo, Nuclear Professional School, Ibaraki-ken, Japan
D. Satoh, T. Shibuya
TIT, Tokyo, Japan
M. Yoshida
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

Our group is aiming for developing a table-top electronμbeam source, whose beam size is micro-meter order so that we can irradiate just the nuclei of cells (1μm) and observe the behavior in real time. This beam source will be realized by dielectric laser-driven accelerators(DLAs), which is expected to produce acceleration gradients of ~GV/m. To drive these accelerators, ultra-short pulse laser has to be incident to the structure*. We chose Ytterbium (Yb) fiber laser for generating and amplifying ultra-short laser pulse, which has high quantum efficiency and can easily pumped by LD, and is proper to produce ultra-short pulses because of its wide-band oscillation. We succeeded in getting ultra-short pulse (central wavelength: {1030} nm, average output: 10 W, pulse duration: ~10 ps, reputation rate: 84 MHz) from Yb fiber laser system. Also in order to make electron bunch by photo cathode, we then converted the obtained IR laser to UV of 258 nm (4ω) using BBO and LBO crystals. We are planning to amplify the pulses by Yb:YAG in future, which has its amplification band in {1030} nm.
* K. Koyama el al., "Design Of Photonic Crystal Accelerator For Radiation Biology," IPAC'12 Proceedings (2014)

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THPOY044

Experimental Setup to Measure the Damage Limits of Superconducting Magnets due to Beam Impact at CERN's HiRadMat Facility

experiment, beam-losses, dipole, proton

4200

D. Kleiven
Kleiven, David, Geneva, Switzerland
B. Auchmann, V. Raginel, R. Schmidt, A.P. Verweij, D. Wollmann
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Funding: Research supported by the High Luminosity LHC project
The future upgrade of CERN's injector chain for the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) will lead to an increase of the beam brightness in the LHC. Beam absorbers are capturing missteered beams, but some limited beam impact on superconducting magnets can hardly be avoided. Therefore, it is planned to measure the damage limits of superconducting magnet components due to beam impact at CERN's HiRad- Mat facility using the 440 GeV proton beam from the Super Proton Synchrotron. Two experiments are proposed. One at ambient and one at cryogenic temperatures, where several pre-stressed stacks of LHC main dipole Nb-Ti cables and some single strands will be irradiated with varying beam intensities. The electrical integrity and the degradation of critical current will be measured after the removal from the HiRadMat facility. In the cold experiment some sample magnets will be added and the degradation of performance will be monitored online. In this contribution the experimental setup of the first experiment, including the sample container and cable stacks, is presented.

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FRYAA01

Progress of the RAON Heavy Ion Accelerator Project in Korea

ion, ISOL, heavy-ion, rfq

4261

S.C. Jeong
IBS, Daejeon, Republic of Korea

The RAON heavy ion accelerator facility is under construction in Korea. With a 400-kW superconducting linac as the workhorse, the facility is to establish the In-flight Fragment (IF) and Isotope Separation On-Line (ISOL) facilities to support advanced science researches. Beam dynamics studies have progressed to cover start-to-end simulations including machine errors. There has been significant progress in sub-system prototype studies including 28-GHz ECR ion source, superconducting cavities and magnets, and IF target. This talk presents recent progress and status of the project.

Slides FRYAA01 [14.434 MB]

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FRYAA02

ESS Progressing into Construction

linac, neutron, beam-transport, cryomodule

4266

M. Lindroos, H. Danared, M. Eshraqi, R. Garoby, A. Jansson, Y.I. Levinsen, C.A. Martins, A. Ponton
ESS, Lund, Sweden

The construction of the European Spallation Source, ESS, started in summer 2014. At the site in Lund, the accelerator tunnel will be completed at the time of IPAC16, while prototyping and manufacturing or prepara-tions for manpower contributions are going on in more 23 laboratories distributed over the 12 European countries collaborating on the accelerator project. Major technical milestones have been reached include the testing of su-perconducting cavity prototypes of two families to values above design gradients, the first ESS modulator has been tested to 90 kV and the first klystron prototype has been received in April 2016. Equally important developments are taking place at many partner laboratories. The presen-tation will summarize the status of the ESS accelerator project by the time of IPAC16..

Slides FRYAA02 [66.734 MB]

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FRYAA03

Accelerator Driven Sustainable Fission Energy

operation, neutron, rfq, proton

4271

W.-L. Zhan
CAS, Beijing, People's Republic of China

It is the new approaches of sustainable fission energy that high power accelerator produces intensive external neutron to close fuel cycle and utilize fissile fuel ?95%. The system includes the fissile fuel burner and used fuel recycle. The burner is optimized as the nuclear waste transmutation, fissile material breeding and energy production in situ by the accelerator driven system. There are 4 phases in the Chinese development road map and the new research sites are introduced in this talk as well. The 2nd phase will be finished around 2022, with its high power LINAC (proton beam ~250MeV&10mA) providing the best opportunity to make DAR source for neutrino research. The burner, optimizing from ADS, consists of the high power LINAC, the spallation target and the subcritical core. The 25MeV LINAC prototype will be commissioned by the end of this year. The 10 MeV LINAC has produced a CW proton beam in 10's kW and has been operated with the ion source being operated more than 2000 hrs. The new concept of spallation target is granular fluid target, in which the solid grain fluid and beam implant from top to down. All these sub-systems will be described in this talk.

Slides FRYAA03 [8.741 MB]

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