IPAC2016 - List of Keywords (acceleration)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOPMB015	Technical Design Considerations About the SINBAD-ARES Linac	linac, laser, gun, electron	112
	B. Marchetti, R.W. Aßmann, U. Dorda, K. Flöttmann, M. Hachmann, I. Hartl, J. Herrmann, M. Hüning, G. Kube, F. Ludwig, F. Mayet, M. Pelzer, I. Peperkorn, S. Pfeiffer, H. Schlarb, M. Titberidze, G. Vashchenko, M.K. Weikum, L. Winkelmann, K. Wittenburg, J. Zhu DESY, Hamburg, Germany R. Rossmanith KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
	The SINBAD facility (Short and INnovative Bunches and Accelerators at Desy) is foreseen to host various experiments in the field of production of ultra-short electron bunches and novel high gradient acceleration technique. The SINBAD linac, also called ARES (Accelerator Research experiment at SINBAD), will be a conventional S-band linear RF accelerator allowing the production of low charge (0.5 pC - few pC) ultra-short electron bunches (FWHM, length <= 1 fs - few fs) having 100 MeV energy. In this paper we present the current status of the technical design considerations, motivate the foreseen diagnostics for the RF gun commissioning and present examples of foreseen applications.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPMB015
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MOPMB056	Measurements of the Beam Energy and Beam Profile of 100 MeV Proton Linac at KOMAC	proton, linac, DTL, ion	217
	S.G. Lee, Y.-S. Cho, H.S. Kim, H.-J. Kwon Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
	Funding: This work has been supported through KOMAC operation fund of KAERI by Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning. The linac for generation of the 100 MeV proton beam is operating in KOMAC. The 100 MeV proton beam is used in the industrial and the scientific fields such as improvement of the material characteristics and production of the isotope. The accurate measurements of the proton beam energy and profile are necessary for increasing the efficiency of the application and minimizing the inadequate radioactivation in linac structure caused by the beam loss. The proton beam energy and beam profile are measured by using the TOF (time-of-flight) method with a BPM (beam position monitor) and the ion chamber array, respectively. The detailed measurement setup and the measured results will be given in this paper.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPMB056
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MOPMW024	Design of the New Wideband RF System for the CERN PS Booster	electronics, impedance, booster, controls	441
	M.M. Paoluzzi, S.C.P. Albright, M.E. Angoletta, L. Arnaudon, S. Energico, A. Findlay, M. Haase, M. Jaussi, A.J. Jones, D. Landré, J.C. Molendijk, D. Quartullo, E.N. Shaposhnikova CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	For the renovation and upgrade of the CERN PS Booster (PSB) RF systems a development project was launched in 2012. The design, based on a new approach, aimed at replacing the existing tuned, narrowband RF systems with wideband, modular, solid-state driven units. A wide range of issues had to be addressed spanning from RF power production, radiation hardness of solid-state devices, active cancellation of beam-induced voltages, dedicated low-level electronics allowing multi-harmonic operation and beam stability. Following a three-year prototyping and testing campaign and two international reviews, the project endorsement came at the end of year 2015. It foresees the complete removal of present h1, h2 and h10 systems and the deployment of a new one covering all the frequency ranges from 1 MHz to 18 MHz. The four PSB rings will be equipped with 144 identical acceleration cells providing 24 kV total RF voltage per ring. This paper describes the design concepts, the retained solutions, the expected performances and includes the procurement and implementation strategies. This activity is part of the LHC Injectors Upgrade project (LIU).
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPMW024
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MOPMW029	Analysis of Transverse Field Induced by Curved Beryllium Window in Muon Ionization Cooling Cavity	cavity, emittance, Windows, focusing	457
	T.H. Luo, D. Li LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
	The beryllium windows are used in muon ionization cooling cavity to increase the cavity shunt impedance. The windows are curved for predictable thermal deformation. This curvature also introduces transverse field, which will affect the transverse beam emittance. In this paper, we will analyze this transverse field and evaluate its effect on the emittance cooling.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPMW029
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MOPMY026	Development of an X-Band Linearizer System for PAL-XFEL	klystron, LLRF, electron, wakefield	554
	H. Heo, J. Hu, H.-S. Kang, K.H. Kim, S.H. Kim, H.-S. Lee, B.G. Oh, S.S. Park, Y.J. Park, Y.J. Suh PAL, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea
	We developed an X-band RF system for the linear bunch compression in the PAL-XFEL. We installed a SLAC X-band accelerating structure on a precise mover stage and applied RF power by using a SLAC XL-4 11.424 GHz klystron driven by an inverter charging type modulator. We are developing a solid state amplifier controlled by an X-band LLRF system instead of using a TWTA as a driving RF source for the klystron. We present and discuss the recent test results of the system.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPMY026
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MOPOR012	Study of the Beam-Cavity Interaction in the PS 10 MHz RF System	cavity, impedance, simulation, feedback	618
	G. Favia, H. Damerau, M. Morvillo, C. Rossi CERN, Geneva, Switzerland M. Migliorati University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
	The eleven main accelerating cavities of the Proton Synchrotron (PS) at CERN consist of two ferrite-loaded coaxial λ/4 resonators each. Both resonators oscillate in phase, as their gaps are electrically connected by short bars. They are in addition magnetically coupled via the bias loop used for cavity tuning. The cavities are equipped with a wide-band feedback system, limiting the beam loading, and a further reduction of the beam induced voltage is achieved by relays which short-circuit each half-resonator gap when the cavity is not in use. Asymmetries of the beam induced voltage observed in the two half-cavities indicate that the coupling between the two resonators is not as tight as expected. The total cavity impedance coupling to the beam may be affected differently by the contributions of both resonators. A dedicated measurement campaign with high-intensity proton beam and numerical simulation have been performed to investigate the beam-cavity interaction. This paper reports the result of the study and the work aiming at the development of a model of the system, including the wide-band feedback, which reproduces this interaction.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOR012
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MOPOY001	MedAustron Synchrotron RF Commissioning for Medical Proton Beams	injection, synchrotron, proton, cavity	844
	C. Schmitzer, F. Farinon, A. Garonna, M. Kronberger, T.K.D. Kulenkampff, C. Kurfürst, S. Myalski, S. Nowak, F. Osmić, L.C. Penescu, M.T.F. Pivi, P. Urschütz, A. Wastl EBG MedAustron, Wr. Neustadt, Austria
	MedAustron is a medical accelerator facility for hadron therapy cancer treatment using protons and carbon ions. The Synchrotron is driven by a 0.47-3.26 MHz Finemet® loaded wideband cavity powered by 12x 1kW solid state amplifiers connected to a digital Low Level RF system. It was developed in collaboration with CERN and put to operation at MedAustron in early 2014. The main Synchrotron RF (sRF )commissioning steps for proton beams involved the setup of the adiabatic capture process, the setup of the frequency and voltage ramps and feedback loops for fast acceleration and the RF jump for extraction. The adiabatic capture process was optimized in terms of energy and voltage mismatch by analyzing longitudinal empty bucket scans after beam injection into the synchrotron. The acceleration ramp optimization was based on calculations using a software tool developed in-house and adapted experimentally to minimize losses at injection and during acceleration. This paper provides an overview of the acceleration system and describes the commissioning process of the sRF system and the related beam commissioning efforts at MedAustron.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOY001
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TUPMB019	Detailed Characterization of MEBT Quadrupoles for the Linear IFMIF Prototype Accelerator (LIPAc)	quadrupole, multipole, dipole, synchrotron	1151
	J. Marcos, J. Campmany, V. Massana ALBA-CELLS Synchrotron, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain J. Castellanos UNED, Madrid, Spain J. Castellanos, C. Oliver, I. Podadera, F. Toral CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain O. Nomen IREC, Sant Adria del Besos, Spain
	Funding: This work has been funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness under the Agreement as published in BOE, 16/01/2013, page 1988 The IFMIF-EVEDA* Linear IFMIF Prototype Accelerator (LIPac) is a 9 MeV, 125 mA CW deuteron accelerator to validate the technology to be used in the future IFMIF accelerator. The acceleration of deuterons will be done through two stages. The matching between them will be done in the Medium Energy Beam Transport line (MEBT). In this section, the transverse focusing of the beam is carried out by five quadrupole magnets with integrated steerers, grouped in one triplet and one doublet*. These magnets have been designed by CIEMAT, and manufactured by the Spanish company ANTECSA. After manufacturing, they were fully characterized at ALBA-CELLS magnetic measurements facility. In this paper we describe the characterization bench used to measure the magnets, the measurement protocol and the alignment procedure, as well as the results obtained and the iteration process followed in order to shim the magnets to fulfill with beam dynamics requirements. A. Mosnier et al., proceedings of IPAC10, MOPEC056, p.588, Kyoto, Japan (2010) ** C. Oliver, et alt, proceedings of IPAC11, WEPO014, p. 2424, San Sebastián, Spain (2011)
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-TUPMB019
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TUPMR012	Investigation of Central Region Design of 10MeV AVF Cyclotron	cyclotron, ion, ion-source, injection	1253
	M. Afkhami Karaei, H. Afarideh, S. Azizpourian, R. Solhju AUT, Tehran, Iran J.-S. Chai, M. Ghergherehchi SKKU, Suwon, Republic of Korea
	Recently, studies on the central region of 10 MeV AVF Cyclotron have been done at AmirKabir University of Technology. In this study, the aim of the cyclotron design is to accelerate the ions up to 10MeV energy. The cyclotron, consist of four sector magnets and 2 RF cavities which will be operated at 71 MHz. The internal PIG ion source is used in this cyclotron. The purpose of this work is to investigate the behavior of trajectories of ions in the magnetic and electric fields at the center of the cyclotron. The electric and magnetic field distribution was designed by OPERA-3DTOSCA. In order to solve the equation of motion, numerical code was written in C++ program that used the conventional Rung-Kutta method. The obtained results of simulation were the horizontal and vertical motion of an ion in the center of cyclotron, and motion of the center of the orbits.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-TUPMR012
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TUPMR018	Beam Tracking Simulation for SC200 Superconducting Cyclotron	cyclotron, simulation, extraction, resonance	1268
	O. Karamyshev JINR/DLNP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia Y.F. Bi, G. Chen, K.Z. Ding, Y. Song ASIPP, Hefei, People's Republic of China G.A. Karamysheva, N.A. Morozov, E.V. Samsonov, G. Shirkov, S.G. Shirkov JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
	The SC200 superconducting cyclotron for hadron therapy is under development by collaboration of ASIPP (Hefei, China) and JINR (Dubna, Russia). The accelerator will provide 200 MeV proton beam with maximum current of 1μA in 2017-2018. The cyclotron is very compact and light, the estimate total weight is about 30 tons and extraction radius is 60 cm. We have performed simulations of all systems of the SC200 cyclotron and specified the main parameters of the accelerator. Average magnetic field of the cyclotron is up to 3.5 T and the particle revolution frequency is about 45 MHz, these parameters increases the requirements for accuracy of the beam dynamics studies. We have designed and performed beam tracking starting from the ion source. Codes and methods used for the beam tracking are presented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-TUPMR018
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TUPMR021	A Racetrack-shape Fixed Field Induction Accelerator for Giant Cluster Ions	ion, induction, extraction, ion-source	1278
	K. Takayama, T. Adachi, K. Okamura, M. Wake KEK, Ibaraki, Japan T. Adachi, K. Okamura Sokendai, Ibaraki, Japan Y. Iwata AIST, Tsukuba, Japan Y. Yuri JAEA/TARRI, Gunma-ken, Japan
	At KEK, circular induction accelerators employing an induction acceleration system, which is characterized by a simple fact of functional separation of acceleration and beam confinement, have been developed since 2000. The slow cycling induction synchrotron (IS) was demonstrated using the KEK 12 GeV PS in 2006, where superbunch formation and focusing-free transition energy crossing were realized. The fast cycling IS called the KEK digital accelerator is under operation since 2012, where bunch squeezing and splitting/merging never realized in RF synchrotrons have been demonstrated, as well as acceleration in a wide range of ion mass to charge ratio. Based on the experiences, a racetrack-shape fixed field induction accelerator (induction microtron)** that can accelerate giant cluster ions such as C-60 or Si-100, to high energy beyond that of electrostatic accelerators has been designed. Its full story and status of R&D work will be presented at the conference. * K.Takayama, Induction Accelerators (Springer, 2010), Chapter 11,12 K.Takayama et al., Phys. Rev. ST-AB 17, 010101(2014). * K.Takayama, T.Adachi, et al., Phys. Rev. ST-AB 18, 050101(2015).
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-TUPMR021
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TUPMR022	Present Status and Future Plan of RIKEN RI Beam Factory	ion, cyclotron, heavy-ion, ion-source	1281
	O. Kamigaito, T. Dantsuka, M. Fujimaki, N. Fukunishi, H. Hasebe, Y. Higurashi, E. Ikezawa, H. Imao, M. Kase, M. Kidera, M. Komiyama, K. Kumagai, T. Maie, T. Nagatomo, T. Nakagawa, M. Nakamura, J. Ohnishi, H. Okuno, K. Ozeki, N. Sakamoto, K. Suda, S. Watanabe, T. Watanabe, Y. Watanabe, K. Yamada, H. Yamasawa RIKEN Nishina Center, Wako, Japan
	Recent efforts concerning the accelerators of the RIKEN RI Beam Factory (RIBF) have been directed towards achieving higher heavy-ion beam intensities. As shown at the IPAC2014 conference, the intensities of these ion beams have improved significantly following the construction of the new injector, RILAC2, which is equipped with a 28-GHz superconducting ECR ion source, development of the helium gas stripper, and upgrading of the bending power of the fRC. In this respect, this paper presents the subsequent upgrade programs conducted in the past two years, such as the development of a new charge stripper for uranium beam and a new acceleration scheme of krypton beam. The current performance level of the RIBF accelerator complex, as well as a future plan to further increase the beam intensities, are also presented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-TUPMR022
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TUPMR024	Commissioning and First Accelerated Beams in the Reaccelerator (Rea3) of the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, MSU	ion, experiment, rfq, cyclotron	1287
	A.C.C. Villari, G. Bollen, M. Ikegami, S.M. Lidia, R. Shane, Q. Zhao FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA D.M. Alt, D.B. Crisp, S.W. Krause, A. Lapierre, D.J. Morrissey, S. Nash, R. Rencsok, R.J. Ringle, S. Schwarz, C. Sumithrarachchi, S.J. Williams NSCL, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
	The ReAccelerator ReA3 is a worldwide unique, state-of-the-art reaccelerator for rare isotope beams. Beams of rare isotopes are produced and separated in-flight at the NSCL Coupled Cyclotron Facility and subsequently stopped in a gas cell. The rare isotopes are then continuously extracted as 1+ (or 2+) ions and transported into a beam cooler and buncher, followed by a charge breeder based on an Electron Beam Ion Trap (EBIT). In the charge breeder, the ions are ionized to a charge state suitable for acceleration in the superconducting radiofrequency (SRF) linac, extracted in a pulsed mode and mass analyzed. The extracted beam is bunched to 80.5 MHz and then accelerated to energies ranging from 300 keV/u up to 6 MeV/u, depending on their charge-to-mass ratio. Alternatively, stable isotope ions can be accelerated injecting stable gas in the EBIT. ReA3 was commissioned recently with stable 40Ar and 39K as well as with the rare isotope beams of 46Ar and 46K. This contribution will focus on the properties and techniques used to accelerate and transport rare isotope beams and will show results obtained during the preparation of the two first experiments using the ReA facility.
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TUPMY002	APF IH-DTL Design for the Muon LINAC in the J-PARC Muon g-2/EDM Experiment	cavity, linac, emittance, DTL	1539
	M. Otani, T. Mibe, M. Yoshida KEK, Tsukuba, Japan K. Hasegawa, Y. Kondo JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan N. Hayashizaki RLNR, Tokyo, Japan Y. Iwashita Kyoto ICR, Uji, Kyoto, Japan Y. Iwata NIRS, Chiba-shi, Japan R. Kitamura University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan N. Saito J-PARC, KEK & JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan
	The muon linac for the J-PARC muon g-2/EDM experiment consists of RFQ (324 MHz), IH-DTL (324 MHz), DAW coupled cell linac (1.3 GHz), and disk loaded structure (1.3 GHz). Because muon has finite life time, the muons should be accelerated in a sufficiently short period. To realize fast acceleration, Alternative Phase Focusing (APF) scheme is adopted in IH-DTL in which the muons are accelerated from 0.34 MeV to about 4 MeV. In this poster, the design of the APF IH-DTL for muon acceleraiton with the computer calculation will be presented.
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TUPMY003	Development of Muon LINAC for the Muon g-2/EDM Experiment at J-PARC	rfq, linac, cavity, background	1543
	M. Otani, T. Mibe, F. Naito, N. Saito, M. Yoshida KEK, Tsukuba, Japan K. Hasegawa, T. Ito, Y. Kondo JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan N. Hayashizaki RLNR, Tokyo, Japan Y. Iwashita Kyoto ICR, Uji, Kyoto, Japan Y. Iwata NIRS, Chiba-shi, Japan R. Kitamura University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
	Precision measurements of the muon's anomalous magnetic moment (g-2) and electric dipole moment (EDM) are effective ways to cast light on beyond the standard model of elementary particle physics. The J-PARC E34 experiment aims to measure g-2 with a precision of 0.1 ppm and search for EDM with a sensitivity to 10-{-21} e· cm with high intensity proton beam at J-PARC and a novel technique of making a muon beam with small emittance (the ultra-cold muon beam). The ultra-cold muon beam is generated from a surface muon beam by the thermal muonium (30 meV) production followed by the laser ionization, and acceleration to 212 MeV or 300 MeV/c by the muon dedicated LINAC. The muon LINAC consists of RFQ, inter-digital IH, Disk And Washer (DAW) coupled cell and disk loaded structure. The ultra-cold muons will have an extremely small transverse momentum spread of less than 1 % with a normalized transverse emittance of around 1.5 pi mm-mrad. The muon acceleration to 300 MeV/c will be the first case in the world and it will be one of the base technologies of future accelerator programs. In this talk, design and status of the muon LINAC will be reported.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-TUPMY003
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TUPMY014	Muon Acceleration Concepts for Future Neutrino Factory	linac, SRF, focusing, cryomodule	1574
	S.A. Bogacz JLab, Newport News, Virgina, USA
	Funding: Work supported by the Muon Accelerator Program Here, we summarize current state of concept for muon acceleration aimed at future Neutrino Factory. The main thrust of these studies was to reduce the overall cost while maintaining performance through exploring interplay between complexity of the cooling systems and the acceptance of the accelerator complex. To ensure adequate survival of the short-lived muons, acceleration must occur at high average gradient. The need for large transverse and longitudinal acceptances drives the design of the acceleration system to initially low RF frequency, e.g. 325 MHz, and then increased to 650 MHz, as the transverse size shrinks with increasing energy. High-gradient normal conducting RF cavities at these frequencies require extremely high peak-power RF sources. Hence superconducting RF (SRF) cavities are chosen. Here, we considered two cost effective schemes for accelerating muon beams for a stagable Neutrino Factory: Exploration of the so-called 'dual-use' linac concept, where the same linac structure is used for acceleration of both H⁻ and muons and alternatively, the SRF efficient design based on multi-pass (4.5) 'dogbone' RLA, extendable to multi-pass FFAG-like arcs.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-TUPMY014
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TUPMY015	Ultrafast Electron Guns for the Efficient Acceleration using Single-Cycle THz Pulses	electron, gun, laser, injection	1578
	A. Fallahi, F.X. Kärtner, A. Yahaghi CFEL, Hamburg, Germany M. Fakhari DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	Funding: European Research Council (ERC) Over the past decades, advances in ultrafast technologies led to the production of intense ultrashort THz to optical pulses reaching single-cycle pulse duration. Using such pulses for electron acceleration offers advantages in terms of higher thresholds for materials breakdown, thus introducing a promising path towards increasing acceleration gradients. Conventional accelerator technology is based on either continuous wave or long pulse operation, where resonant or guiding structures are usually employed. We introduce novel structures for electron acceleration which operate with single-cycle pulses named as single-cycle ultrafast guns. The operating frequencies considered here are at THz wavelengths inspired by the recent progress in the optical generation of intense single-cycle THz pulses. We begin with designing guns for low energy pulses and proceed with structures designed for high energy pulses. More importantly, it is shown that the already achieved THz pulse energies of 20 uJ are enough to realize relativistic fields for electron acceleration. These structures will underpin future devices for fabricating miniaturized electron guns and linear accelerators.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-TUPMY015
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TUPMY017	Laser Driven Dielectric Accelerator in the Non-relativistic Energy Region	laser, electron, radiation, vacuum	1585
	K. Koyama, M. Uesaka The University of Tokyo, Nuclear Professional School, Ibaraki-ken, Japan S. Kurimura NIMS, Ibaraki, Japan H. Okamoto, S. Otsuki The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan M. Yoshida KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
	Laser-driven dielectric accelerator (LDA) is suitable for delivering a submicron-size ultra-short electron beam, which is useful for studying basic processes of the radiation effect in a biological cell. Both the oblique incidence and the normal incidence configurations of LDA were studied. The oblique incidence configuration of LDA relaxes the synchronization condition as v_e=¥pm c L_G/¥left(¥λ+ L_G n ¥sin ¥theta ¥right) and is somewhat suitable for accelerating the non-relativistic electrons. The required energy to accelerate electrons in the oblique incidence configuration is smaller than that in the normal incidence configuration by a factor of ¥cos ¥theta, where ¥theta is the incidence angle of the laser beam. Two gratings each were made of different material structure of silica ({¥rm SiO₂}) were fabricated by the electron beam lithography. When a crystal silica was adopted, many large humps of several hundred nm size were observed in grooves of the grating. On the other hand, a glass silica had smoother grooves.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-TUPMY017
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TUPMY025	Proton-Driven Electron Acceleration in Hollow Plasma	plasma, electron, proton, wakefield	1601
	Y. M. Li, K. Hanahoe, O. Mete Apsimon, T.H. Pacey, G.X. Xia UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
	Funding: President's Doctoral Scholar Award from The University of Manchester. Proton driven plasma wakefield acceleration has been proposed to accelerate electrons to TeV-scale in a single hundreds of meters plasma section. However, it is difficult to conserve beam quality due to the positively charged driven scheme. In this paper, we demonstrate via simulation that hollow plasma is favourable to maintain the long and stable acceleration and simultaneously be able to achieve low normalized emittance and energy spread of the witness electrons. Moreover, it has much higher beam loading tolerance compared to the uniform case. This will potentially facilitates the acceleration of a large number of particles with high beam quality. * Caldwell A et al.Nature Physics, 2009, 5(5): 363-367 K. Lotov, Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams, 2010, 13(4): 041301. * W. Kimura et al., Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams, 2011, 14(4): 041301.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-TUPMY025
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TUPMY026	Electron Beam Generation and Injection From a Pyroelectric Crystal Array	electron, laser, injection, radiation	1604
	R.B. Yoder, Z. Kabilova, B. Saeks Goucher College, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
	Novel acceleration structures (e.g. dielectric laser accelerators [DLAs]) powered by lasers have the potential to greatly reduce the footprint and cost of both industrial linacs and colliders. As these devices have dimensions comparable to optical wavelengths, they require injection of a sub-micron-scale electron bunch to generate high-quality output beams, which are well beyond the capability of conventional rf photocathodes. Photoexcitation and field emission from an array of nanotips, followed by further acceleration and focusing, is a promising approach to achieving the requisite small beam sizes for successful injection. Pyroelectric crystals can provide electrostatic fields of sufficient magnitude and uniformity to enable emission and acceleration. We present an initial design for a low-energy injection module using the accelerating electrostatic fields provided by pyroelectric crystals. The approach is modeled numerically and supported by direct benchtop measurements of pyroelectric fields from a 2-crystal array. R. J. England et al., Rev. Mod. Phys. 86, p. 1337 (2014).
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-TUPMY026
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TUPMY028	Ultra-high Gradient Acceleration in Nano-crystal Channels	electron, plasma, laser, wakefield	1607
	Y.-M. Shin Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, USA D.M. Farinella, P. Taborek, T. Tajima UCI, Irvine, California, USA A.H. Lumpkin, V.D. Shiltsev, R.M. Thurman-Keup Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA X. Zhang Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
	Funding: This work was supported by the DOE contract No.DEAC02-07CH11359 to the Fermi Research Alliance LLC. We also thank the FAST Department team for the helpful discussions and technical support. Crystals behave like a non-equilibrium medium (e.g. plasma), but at a relatively low temperature, if heated by a high-power driving source. The warm dense matter contains many more ions (n0 ~ 10¹⁹ - 10²³ cm^-3) available for plasma acceleration than gaseous plasmas, and can possibly support electric fields of up to 30 TV/m of plasma oscillation,,,. Atomic lattice spaces in solid crystals are known to consist of 10 - 100 V/Å potential barriers capable of guiding and collimating high energy particles with continuously focused acceleration. Nanostructured crystals (e.g. carbon nanotube) with dimensional flexibilities can accept a few orders of magnitude larger phase-space volume of channeled particles than natural crystals. Our PIC simulation results*, **** obtained from two plasma acceleration codes, VORPAL and EPOCH, indicate that in the linear regime the beam-driven and laser-driven electrons channeled in a 100 micro-meter long effective nanotube gain 10 MeV (G = 1 - 10 TeV/m). Experimental tests, including slit-mask beam modulation and pump-probe electron diffraction, are designed in Fermilab and NIU to identify a wakefield effect in a photo-excited crystal. * Phys. Rev.Lett. 43, 267(1979) Phys. Plasmas 15, 103105(2008) * Nature Photonics 9, 274(2015) ** Phys. J. 223, 1037(2014) * Appl. Phys. Lett. 105, 114106(2014) **** Phys. Plasmas 20, 123106(2013)
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-TUPMY028
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TUPMY031	Estimation and Suppression of Aberrations in Emittance Exchange based Current Profile Shaping	collective-effects, emittance, space-charge, FEL	1615
	G. Ha, M.-H. Cho, W. Namkung POSTECH, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea W. Gai, G. Ha, K.-J. Kim, J.G. Power ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA
	The longitudinal current profile manipulation has been explored for many applications including THz radiation, FEL and advanced acceleration schemes. Especially, collinear dielectric wakefield accelerations require a microbunch shaping for a high transformer ratio. We have studied aberrations from the emittance exchange based current profile shaping to preserve the high transformer ratio. All second order aberration terms in the double dog-leg emittance exchange beam line are discovered. Aberration patterns from each aberration sources like second order terms, space-charge, and CSR and their effect on the transformer ratio are estimated analytically. These aberration sources and corresponding patterns are confirmed using a particle tracking code GPT. Simple methods to suppress each aberration will be presented too. All calculation in this work is done with a double dog-leg emittance exchange beam line.
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TUPOR016	A Multi-GeV Recirculating Proton Linac	proton, linac, cavity, operation	1688
	J. Qiang LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
	A high power GeV proton linac has many scientific applications. Recirculating RF linac as an efficient accelerator has been used and proposed to accelerate both electron and muon beams. In this paper, we propose using a multi-pass recirculating RF linac to attain a multi-GeV high power proton beam. This linac consists of three types of superconducting RF cavities that accelerate the proton beam multiple times from 150 MeV to final multiple GeV energy. Such a recirculating linac can significantly reduce the number of RF cavities in the accelerator and lower the cost of the facility.
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TUPOW017	Twin Bunches at the FACET-II	wakefield, simulation, electron, controls	1778
	Z. Zhang TUB, Beijing, People's Republic of China M.J. Hogan, Z. Huang, A. Marinelli SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
	Twin electron bunches, generated, accelerated and compressed in the same acceleration bucket, have attracted a lot of interest in the free-electron lasers and wakefield acceleration. The recent successful experiment at the LCLS used twin bunches to generate two-color two x-ray pulses with tunable time delay and energy separation. In this note, we apply the twin bunches to the plasma wakefield acceleration. Numerical simulations show that based on the beamline of the FACET-II, we can generate high-intensity two electron bunches with time delay from ∼ 100 fs to picoseconds, which will benefit the control of high-gradient witness bunch acceleration in a plasma.
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TUPOY003	Novel Approach to Utilize Proton Beams from High Power Laser Accelerators for Therapy	laser, proton, target, radiation	1905
	U. Masood, M. Baumann, W. Enghardt, L. Karsch, J. Pawelke, S. Schürer OncoRay, Dresden, Germany M. Baumann German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany M. Baumann German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany T.E. Cowan, U. Schramm Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany T.E. Cowan, W. Enghardt, T. Herrmannsdoerfer, J. Pawelke, U. Schramm HZDR, Dresden, Germany K.M. Hofmann, J.J. Wilkens Technische Universität München, Klinikum rechts der Isar & Physics Department, Munich, Germany F. Kroll Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Institute of Radiation Physics, Dresden, Germany
	Funding: Supported by German BMBF, nos. 03Z1N511 and 03Z1O511 & DFG cluster of excellence MAP. Protons provide superior radiotherapy benefits to patients, but immense size and cost of the system limits it to only few centers worldwide. Proton acceleration on μm scale via high intensity laser is promising to reduce size and costs of proton therapy, but associated beamlines are still big and massive. Also, in contrast to conventionally accelerated quasi-continuous mono-energetic pencil beams, laser-driven beams have distinct beam properties, i.e. ultra-intense pico-sec bunches with large energy spread and large divergences, and with low repetition rate. With new lasers with petawatt power, protons with therapy related energies could be achieved, however, the beam properties make it challenging to adapt them directly for medical applications. We will present our compact beamline solution including energy selection and divergence control, and a new beam scanning and dose delivery system with specialized 3D treatment planning system for laser-driven proton beams. The beamline is based on high field iron-less pulsed magnets and about three times smaller than the conventional systems, and can provide high quality clinical treatment plans. U. Masood et al, Applied Phys B, 117(1):41-52, 2014 ** K.M. Hofmann et al, Medical Physics, 42(9):5120-5129, 2015
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TUPOY006	Improvement of Scanning Irradiation in Gunma University Heavy Ion Medical Center	extraction, ion, heavy-ion, experiment	1914
	H. Souda, T. Kanai, K. Kikuchi, Y. Kubota, A. Matsumura, H. Shimada, M. Tashiro, K. Torikai, M. Torikoshi, S. Yamada, K. Yusa Gunma University, Heavy-Ion Medical Research Center, Maebashi-Gunma, Japan T. Fujimoto AEC, Chiba, Japan E. Takeshita Kanagawa Cancer Center, Ion-beam Radiation Oncology Center in Kanagawa, Kanagawa, Japan
	Funding: Work collaborated with Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Ltd. Work supported by JSPS Kakenhi 26860395, Program for Cultivating Global Leaders in Heavy Ion Therapeutics and Engineering by MEXT of Japan. Gunma University Heavy Ion Medical Center (GHMC) is a compact heavy ion treatment facility* and have experienced 5 years of successful treatment operation. GHMC has 3 treatment room using broad beam (wobbling) irradiation system and 1 experimental irradiation room for the research and development of a spot-scanning irradiation. During the study toward the treatment, several improvements were done in both accelerator and irradiation system. For accelerators, slow extraction from a synchrotron using a transverse rf field is tested*. Compared with conventional extraction system of rf acceleration, ripples of the beam spill (peak to bottom ratio) is reduced from almost 100% to 60%; the deviation of the beam center position and the deviation of the beam size (1σ) are reduced to the order of 0.1 mm. For irradiation system, regularly operation for biological experiments has started form June 2014. In order to shorten the experiment time, 2-dimensional optimization of the irradiation planning was carried out. After the optimization, the irradiation time was reduced by 30% with keeping the dose uniformity within ±2.5%. T. Ohno et al., Cancers, 3, 4046 (2011) ** K. Noda et al., Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A492, 253 (2002)
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TUPOY022	A Fixed Field Alternating Gradient Accelerator for Helium Therapy	ion, proton, emittance, injection	1953
	J. Taylor IIAA, Huddersfield, United Kingdom T.R. Edgecock, R. Seviour University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom S. Green University Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom C. Johnstone PAC, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	A non-scaling fixed field alternating gradient (nsFFAG) accelerator is being designed for helium ion therapy. This facility will consist of 2 nested superconducting rings, treating with helium ions (He²⁺) and image with hydrogen ions (H²⁺). Compared to protons, ions deliver a more conformal dose with a significant reduction in range straggling and beam broadening. Carbon ions are currently used and there are no current facilities providing helium therapy. We are investigating the feasibility of an FFAG approach for helium therapy, which has never been previously considered. We investigate emittance and demonstrate that the machine meets isochronicity requirements for fixed frequency RF.
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TUPOY024	Wave Particle Cherenkov Interactions Mediated via Novel Materials	simulation, electron, operation, scattering	1960
	A. Hopper IIAA, Huddersfield, United Kingdom R. Seviour University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom
	Currently there is an increasing interest in dielectric wall accelerators. These work by slowing the speed of an EM wave to match the velocity of a particle beam, allowing wave-beam interactions, accelerating the beam. However conventional dielectric materials have limited interaction regions, so wave-beam energy transfer is minimal. In this paper we consider Artificial Materials (AMs), as slow wave structures, in the presence of charged particle beams to engineer Inverse-Cherenkov acceleration. AMs are periodic constructs whose properties depend on their subwavelength geometry rather than their material composition, and can be engineered to give an arbitrary dispersion relation. We show that Metamaterials, one example of an AM, can mediate an Inverse-Cherenkov interaction, but break down in high power environments due to high absorption. We consider AMs with low constitutive parameters and show they can exhibit low absorption whilst maintaining the ability to have a user defined dispersion relation, and mediate a wavebeam interaction leading to Inverse-Cherenkov acceleration.
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WEXB01	Status, Plans and Potential Applications of the ELIMED Beam Line at ELI-Beamlines	laser, ion, proton, target	2077
	G.A.P. Cirrone, L. Allegra, A. Amato, A. Amico, G. Candiano, A.C. Caruso, L. Cosentino, M. Costa, G. Cuttone, G. De Luca, G. Gallo, S. Gammino, G. Larosa, R. Leanza, R. Manna, V. Marchese, G. Milluzzo, G. Petringa, J. Pipek, P.S. Pulvirenti, F. Romano, S. Salamone, F. Schillaci, V. Scuderi INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy G. Korn, D. Margarone, V. Scuderi ELI-BEAMS, Prague, Czech Republic
	Charged particle acceleration using ultra-intense and ultra-short laser pulses has gathered a strong interest in the scientific community and it is now one of the most attractive topics in the relativistic laser-plasma interaction research. Indeed, it could represent the future of particle acceleration and open new scenarios in multidisciplinary fields, in particular, medical applications. One of the biggest challenges consists of using, in a future perspective, high intensity laser-target interaction to generate high-energy ions for therapeutic purposes, eventually replacing the old paradigm of acceleration, characterized by huge and complex machines. In this framework, INFN-LNS (Italian Institute of Nuclear Physics, Catania (I)) in collaboration with ELI-Beamline Institute (Dolny Brezany, CZ) will realise, within 2017 the ELIMED (ELI-Beamlines MEDical and multidisciplinary applications) beamline. ELIMED will be the first Users' addressed transport beamline dedicated to the medical and multidisciplinary studies with laser-accelerated ion beams.
	Slides WEXB01 [29.683 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-WEXB01
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WEOAB01	Advanced Acceleration Mechanisms for Laser Driven Ions by PW-lasers	laser, ion, target, electron	2082
	S.S. Bulanov, E. Esarey, Q. Ji, W. Leemans, T. Schenkel, S. Steinke LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
	Funding: This work was supported by LDRD funding from Berkeley Laboratory, provided by the Director, Office of Science, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. With the fast development of laser technology the energy of laser accelerated proton beams rose up to almost 100 MeV. The PW-class laser facilities that are being built right now or are already in operation, such as the Berkeley Lab Laser Accelerator (BELLA) Center, will offer peak intensities approaching 10²² W/cm². This will allow the development of a new generation laser ion accelerators for numerous applications. The integral part of this task is the investigation of the advanced acceleration mechanisms for laser driven ion beams that would allow for a high degree of control over the angular and energy distributions of ion beams, as well as the increase of the maximum ion energy. We will present recent theoretical and simulation results on three advanced acceleration mechanisms: (i) Directed Coulomb Explosion, (ii) Radiation Pressure Acceleration, and (iii) Magnetic Vortex acceleration*. Reference: S. S. Bulanov et al, Phys. Rev. E 78, 026412 (2008). S. S. Bulanov et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 105003 (2015). * S. S. Bulanov et al, Phys. Rev. STAB 18, 061302 (2015).
	Slides WEOAB01 [39.942 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-WEOAB01
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WEPMB049	Transverse Defocusing Study in LPWA Channel for Linear and Bubble Modes	plasma, electron, laser, simulation	2224
	S.M. Polozov, V.I. Rashchikov, Ya.V. Shashkov MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
	Laser plasma wakefield acceleration (LPWA) is one of most popular novel trends of acceleration. The LPWA has two serous disadvantages as very high energy spread and low part of electrons capturing into acceleration. The waveguide and klystron type beam pre-modulation schemes was proposed , * to growth capturing and to limit the energy spectrum of 2-3 % for 200-300 MeV beam. One interesting effect was detected due to numerical simulation of beam dynamics in plasma channel. Not captured electrons are escape to the channel border fast and this effect should be explained. It was shown that such effect is caused by effective potential function which forms very high defocusing transverse field after its trailing edge. The results of such explanation verified by numerical simulations are discussed in report for linear and bubble LPWA modes. * S.M. Polozov. NIM A, 729, p.517-521, 2013 ** S.M. Polozov. Problems of Atomic Science and Technology. Series: Nuclear Physics Investigations, 6 (88), p. 29- 34, 2013
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WEPMR005	Investigation of Thermal Acoustic Effects on SRF Cavities within CM1 at Fermilab	cavity, cryomodule, operation, cryogenics	2265
	M.W. McGee, E.R. Harms, A.L. Klebaner, J.R. Leibfritz, A. Martinez, Y.M. Pischalnikov, W. Schappert Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	Funding: Operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC, under Contract No. DE-AC02- 07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy. Two TESLA-style 8-cavity cryomodules have been operated at Fermilab Accelerator Science and Technology (FAST), formerly the Superconducting Radio Frequency (SRF) Accelerator Test Facility. Operational instabilities were revealed during Radio Frequency (RF) power studies. These observations were complemented by the characterization of thermal acoustic effects on cavity microphonics manifested by apparent noisy boiling of helium involving vapor bubble and liquid vibration. The thermal acoustic measurements also consider pressure and temperature spikes which drive the phenomenon at low and high frequencies.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-WEPMR005
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WEPMR006	Transport of LCLS-II 1.3 GHz Cryomodule to SLAC	cryomodule, vacuum, alignment, cavity	2268
	M.W. McGee, T.T. Arkan, T.J. Peterson, Z. Tang Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA S.R. Boo, M. Carrasco SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA E. Daly, N.A. Huque JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
	Funding: Operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC, under Contract No. DE-AC02- 07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy. In a partnership with SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC) and Jefferson Lab, Fermilab will assemble and test 17 of the 35 total 1.3 GHz cryomodules for the Linac Coherent Light Source II (LCLS-II) Project. These include a prototype built and delivered by each Lab. Another two 3.9 GHz cryomodules will be built, tested and transported by Fermilab to SLAC. Each assembly will be transported over-the-road from Fermilab or Jefferson Lab using specific routes to SLAC. The transport system consists of a base frame, isolation fixture and upper protective truss. The strongback cryomodule lifting fixture is described along with other supporting equipment used for both over-the-road transport and local (on-site) transport at Fermilab. Initially, analysis of fragile components and stability studies will be performed in order to assess the risk associated with over-the-road transport of a fully assembled cryomodule.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-WEPMR006
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WEPMY003	Simulations of the Acceleration of Externally Injected Electrons in a Plasma Excited in the Linear Regime	electron, plasma, laser, experiment	2542
	N. Delerue, C. Bruni, S. Jenzer LAL, Orsay, France S. Kazamias, B. Lucas, G. Maynard Laboratoire de Physique des Gaz et des Plasmas, Universite Paris-Sud, Orsay, France M. Pittman CLUPS, Orsay, France
	We have investigated numerically the coupling between a 10 \si{MeV} electron bunch of high charge (§I{> 100}{pc}) with a laser generated accelerating plasma wave. Our results show that a high efficiency coupling can be achieved using a §I{50}{TW}, §I{100}{μ \meter} wide laser beam, yielding accelerating field above §I{1}{ GV/m}. We propose an experiment where these predictions could be tested.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-WEPMY003
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WEPMY004	Development of an Injector and a Magnetic Transfer Line in the Framework of Cilex	laser, electron, plasma, dipole	2545
	A. Chancé CEA/DSM/IRFU, France T. Audet, B. Cros, P. Lee, G. Maynard Laboratoire de Physique des Gaz et des Plasmas, Universite Paris-Sud, Orsay, France M. Bougeard, S. Dobosz-Dufrénoy, A. Maitrallain CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette, France N. Delerue LAL, Orsay, France O. Delferrière, A. Mosnier, J. Schwindling CEA/IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France P. Monot CEA/DSM, Gif-sur-Yvette, France A. Specka LLR, Palaiseau, France
	Funding: Investments for the Future program under reference ANR-10-EQPX-25, by the Triangle de la Physique under contract 2011-086TMULTIPLACCELE, 2012-032TELISA, and by the Labex PALM and P2IO. Laser plasma accelerators (LPAs) have proven their capability to produce accelerating gradients three orders of magnitude higher than RF cavity-based accelerators. The present challenges of LPAs are to achieve the beam quality and stability required by users and to show the feasibility of plasma staging for high-energy applications. As one of the experiments planned at the PetaWatt laser APOLLON facility, currently under construction in France, aims at testing the two-stage scheme, a dedicated plasma injector which will be used as the first stage has been developed and tested at the UHI100 facility at CEA Saclay. The electron source, as well as the beam characterization line, will be presented and the first results will be discussed.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-WEPMY004
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WEPMY005	Upgrades of the Experimental Setup for Electron Beam Self-modulation Studies at PITZ	plasma, laser, electron, experiment	2548
	M. Groß, J. Engel, G. Koss, O. Lishilin, G. Loisch, G. Pathak, S. Philipp, R. Schütze, F. Stephan DESY Zeuthen, Zeuthen, Germany R. Brinkmann, J. Osterhoff DESY, Hamburg, Germany F.J. Grüner CFEL, Hamburg, Germany F.J. Grüner University of Hamburg, Institut für Experimentalphysik, Hamburg, Germany D. Richter HZB, Berlin, Germany C.B. Schroeder LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
	The self-modulation instability is fundamental for the plasma wakefield acceleration experiment of the AWAKE collaboration at CERN where this effect is supposed to be used to generate proton bunches short enough for producing high acceleration fields. For ease of experimentation it was decided to set up a supporting experiment at the electron accelerator PITZ (Photo Injector Test facility at DESY, Zeuthen site), given that the underlying physics is the same. The goals are to demonstrate and investigate in detail the self-modulation of long electron beams. In 2015 a first set of experiments was conducted utilizing as key elements a novel cross-shaped lithium plasma cell and an ArF excimer laser for plasma generation. No self-modulation was observed yet because of various experimental shortcomings. The properties of the experimental setup were studied in detail and in this contribution we report about the upgrades which are projected to enable the observation of the self-modulation in the upcoming experimental run.
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WEPMY006	A High Transformer Ratio Scheme for PITZ PWFA Experiments	plasma, wakefield, laser, simulation	2551
	G. Loisch, M. Groß, H. Huck, A. Oppelt, Y. Renier, F. Stephan DESY Zeuthen, Zeuthen, Germany A. Aschikhin, A. Martinez de la Ossa, J. Osterhoff DESY, Hamburg, Germany M. Hochberg, M. Sack KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
	In the field of plasma wakefield acceleration (PWFA) significant progress has been made throughout the recent years. However, an important issue in building plasma based accelerators that provide particle bunches suitable for user applications will be a high transformer ratio, i.e. the ratio between maximum accelerating field in the witness and maximum decelerating fields in the driver bunch. The transformer ratio for symmetrical bunches in an overdense plasma is naturally limited to 2. Theory and simulations show that this can be exceeded using asymmetrical bunches. Experimentally this was proven in RF-structures, but not in PWFA. To study transformer ratios above this limit in the linear regime of a plasma wake, an experimental scheme tailored to the unique capabilities of the Photoinjector Test Facility Zeuthen PITZ, a 20-MeV electron accelerator at DESY, is being investigated. This includes analytical plasma wakefield calculations, numerical simulations of beam transport and plasma wakefields, as well as preparatory studies on the photocathode laser system and the plasma sources. K. L. F. Bane, P. B. Wilson and T. Weiland, AIP Conference Proceedings 127, p. 875, 1984 ** C. Jing et al., Physical Review Letters 98, 144801, 2007
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WEPMY007	Plasma Density Profile Characterization for Resonant Plasma Wakefield Acceleration Experiment at SPARC_LAB	plasma, electron, laser, experiment	2554
	F. Filippi INFN-Roma1, Rome, Italy M.P. Anania, A. Biagioni, E. Chiadroni, M. Ferrario INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy A. Cianchi INFN-Roma II, Roma, Italy F. Filippi, A. Giribono, A. Mostacci, L. Palumbo University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy F. Filippi, A. Giribono, A. Mostacci, L. Palumbo INFN-Roma, Roma, Italy A. Giribono University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy A. Zigler The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Racah Institute of Physics, Jerusalem, Israel
	New generation of particle accelerators is based on the excitation of large amplitude plasma waves driven by either electron or laser beams, named as Plasma Wakefield Accelerator (PWFA) and Laser Wakefield Accelerator (LWFA), respectively. Future experiments scheduled at the SPARC_LAB test facility aim to demonstrate the acceleration of externally injected high brightness electron beams through both schemes. In particular, in the so-called resonant PWFA a train of more than two driver electron bunches generated with the laser comb technique resonantly excites wakefields into the plasma, the last bunch (witness) is injected at the proper accelerating phase gaining energy from the wake. The quality of the accelerated beam depends strongly on plasma density and its distribution along the acceleration length. The desired density can be achieved with a correct shaping of the capillary in which plasma is formed. The measurements of plasma density, as well as other plasma characteristics, can be performed with spectroscopic measurements of the plasma self emitted light. The measurement of density distribution for hydrogen filled capillaries is here reported.
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WEPMY008	Towards Awake Applications: Electron Beam Acceleration in a Proton Driven Plasma Wake	plasma, electron, proton, wakefield	2557
	E. Adli University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
	The first phases of the AWAKE experiment will study the wake structure and the potential for electron acceleration in a self-modulated proton driver. In AWAKE Run 2, expected to start after the LHC Long Shut Down 2, electron beam acceleration will be studied. Using a single proton driver and a long acceleration stage, an electron bunch will be accelerated to high energies. Demonstrating beam quality preservation and scalable plasma sources will be a significant step towards using proton driven plasma for applications. We report on the plans and preparations for AWAKE Run 2.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-WEPMY008
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WEPMY009	Transverse Tolerances of a Multi-Stage Plasma Wakefield Accelerator	emittance, plasma, simulation, linear-collider	2561
	C.A. Lindstrøm, E. Adli, J. Pfingstner University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway E. Marín, D. Schulte CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Funding: This work is supported by the Research Council of Norway. Plasma wakefield acceleration (PWFA) provides GeV/m-scale accelerating fields, ideal for applications such as a future linear collider. However, strong focusing fields imply that a transversely offset beam with an energy spread will experience emittance growth from the energy dependent betatron oscillation. We develop an analytic model for estimating tolerances from this effect, as well as an effective simplified simulation tool in Elegant. Estimations for a proposed 1 TeV PWFA linear collider scheme indicate tight tolerances of order 40 nm and 1 μrad in position and angle respectively.
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WEPMY011	Compact Laser Plasma Accelerator at Peking University	laser, plasma, electron, target	2569
	L.R.F. Li, J.E. Chen, S.C. Gao, Y.X. Geng, Q. Liao, J B. Liu, H.Y. Lu, X.Q. Yan, Y.Y. Zhao, Y.Y. Zhu PKU, Beijing, People's Republic of China Y.R. Shou Peking University, School of Physics, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	A brand new and solely accelerator based on the interaction physics of high intensity ultrafast laser and plasmas, named Compact LAser Plasma Accelerator (CLAPA), was recently built. The laser system can deliver 5J/25fs @ 800nm pulses with contrast of 10^-10. Experiments on electron acceleration is scheduled with the regime of laser wakefield acceleration. The charge and the energy spread of the accelerated electron beams will be concerned mainly. The experiments is planned with gas targets with single and dual stages. For the single stage acceleration, we will try density ramp injection and a loose focusing for a monoenergetic electron beam with more charge for some applications. With the PIC simulations and new injection methods, it is expected to generate GeV/tens pC electron beam with an energy spread of <1%. For the two stage cascaded acceleration, we will focus on the staged acceleration and control of the injection of the second stage, as well as the acceleration length of the second stage by manipulating the parameters of the gas target as well as the laser itself. The far future goal of the second plan is to develop a designable and applicable accelerators. * W.Lu, Phys. Rev.ST Accel. Beams 10.061301 （2007） J. Faure, Nature 431, 541 (2004) *J.S. Liu, Phys. Rev. Lett 107, 035001 (2011)
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-WEPMY011
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WEPMY014	Feasibility Study of a Laser-Driven High Energy Electron Acceleration in a Long Up-Ramp Density	electron, plasma, laser, simulation	2576
	M. Kim, J. Kim, S.W. Lee, I.H. Nam, H. Suk GIST, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
	Laser-driven wakefield acceleration (LWFA) has received much attention as it can produce GeV-level high-energy electrons in cm-scale distance. However, the accelerated electron energies are still limited by several factors, especially by the dephasing problem that is caused by different velocities between the plasma wake wave and the accelerated electron beam. In order to increase the acceleration length restricted by the dephasing problem, we developed a gas-cell with density-tapering, which is realized by applying different gas pressures into two gas inlets in the gas cell. In this way, the gas density and gradient can be easily controlled in the gas cell. We used the density-tapered gas-cell for laser wakefield acceleration experiments in our laboratory with a 20 TW/40 fs Ti:sapphire laser system*. The results show that the electron energy can be significantly enhanced (about twice) with the tapered density gas-cell, compared with a uniform density conventional gas-cell. In this presentation, we show the experimental results and comparison with two-dimensional (2-D) particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation results. W. P. Leemans et al. Phy. Rev. Lett. 113, 245002 (2014). M. S. Kim et al. Appl. Phy. Lett. 102, 204103 (2013). * I. H. Nam et al. Curr. Appl. Phy. 15, 468 (2015).
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WEPMY015	Numerical Studies on Tunable Coherent Radiations with a Laser-Plasma Accelerator	electron, plasma, laser, radiation	2579
	J. Kim, M. Kim, I.H. Nam, H. Suk GIST, Gwangju, Republic of Korea M.S. Hur UNIST, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
	Generation of tunable coherent radiation is numerically investigated via the two-dimensional particle-in-cell (2D-PIC) code developed by UNIST* and SIMPLEX developed by Spring-8. The electron beams can be produced by the laser-driven wakefield acceleration technique. The electron beam energy can be easily adjusted between 450 MeV and 800 MeV with a tapered density plasma on the order of 1×10¹⁸ cm^-3 while the driving laser power is fixed, and the high-energy electron beams can be sent through the undulator arrays for the coherent light emission. The energy-controllable electron bunches can provide an opportunity to control the radiation wave-length with the fixed gap undulators. For the tapered density profile, a capillary cell with two gas inlets can be used. In this paper, we show some simulation and numerical research results regarding these issues, which reveal the possibility for a tunable light source in the soft X-ray regime. * M. S. Hur, H. Suk, Phys. Plasmas 18 033102 (2011).
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WEPOY010	Bunch Compression at the Recirculation Loop of the Compact ERL	simulation, linac, optics, electron	3008
	M. Shimada, K. Harada, Y. Honda, T. Miyajima, N. Nakamura, T. Obina, R. Takai, A. Ueda KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
	The compact Energy Recovery Linac (cERL) has been operated as a test facility for the future light-source since 2013. One of the targets of the beam commissioning of this winter is demonstration of bunch compression. The bunch has energy chirp in longitudinal direction by off crest acceleration and the bunch length is compressed in non-isochronous arc section. The short electron bunch is spread in the return arc to suppress the energy spread at the main beam dump. Four sextupole magnets were installed in two arcs in November 2015 to correct the squared term induced by RF curvature. The best position was determined by the beam tracking by elegant including Coherent Synchrotron Radiation (CSR) wake. The bunch length is measured by OTR in the south straight section just after the first arc. We present the demonstration of the bunch compression in this report.
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WEPOY025	High Power RF Generation From a W-Band Corrugated Structure Excited by a Train of Electron Bunches	wakefield, electron, experiment, simulation	3040
	D. Wang, C.-X. Tang TUB, Beijing, People's Republic of China S.P. Antipov, C.-J. Jing, J.Q. Qiu Euclid TechLabs, LLC, Solon, Ohio, USA M.E. Conde, D.S. Doran, W. Gai, G. Ha, G. Ha, W. Liu, J.G. Power, E.E. Wisniewski ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA V.A. Dolgashev SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
	We report on the generation of multi-megawatt peak RF power at 91textGHz, using an ultrarelativistic electron bunch train to excite electromagnetic fields in a high-impedance metallic corrugated structure. This device can be used as a power source for high gradient acceleration of electrons. To achieve precise control of the wakefield phase, a long range wakefield interferometry method was developed in which the RF energy due to the interference of the wakefields from two bunches was measured as a function of the bunch separation.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-WEPOY025
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THPPA01	Demonstration of the Hollow Channel Plasma Wakefield Accelerator	plasma, positron, laser, wakefield	3202
	S.J. Gessner, J.M. Allen, C.I. Clarke, J.-P. Delahaye, J.T. Frederico, S.Z. Green, C. Hast, M.J. Hogan, N. Lipkowitz, M.D. Litos, B.D. O'Shea, D.R. Walz, V. Yakimenko, G. Yocky SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA E. Adli, C.A. Lindstrøm University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway W. An, C.E. Clayton, C. Joshi, K.A. Marsh, W.B. Mori, N. Vafaei-Najafabadi UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA S. Corde, A. Doche LOA, Palaiseau, France W. Lu TUB, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	Funding: Work supported by DOE contract DE-AC02-76SF00515. Over the past decade, there has been enormous progress in the field of beam and laser-driven plasma acceleration of electron beams. However, in order for plasma wakefield acceleration to be useful for a high-energy e⁺e^- collider, we need a technique for accelerating positrons in plasma as well. This is a unique challenge, because the plasma responds differently to electron and positron beams, with plasma electrons being pulled through the positron beam and creating a non-linear focusing force. Here, we demonstrate a technique called hollow channel acceleration that symmetrizes the wakefield response to beams of either charge. Using a transversely shaped laser pulse, we create an annular plasma with a fixed radius of 200 μm. We observe the acceleration of a positron bunch with energies up to 33.4 MeV in a 25 cm long channel, indicating an effective gradient greater than 100 MeV/m. This is the first demonstration of a technique that way be used for staged acceleration of positron beams in plasma.
	Slides THPPA01 [5.647 MB]
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THPMB010	Dogleg Design for the SINBAD Linac	electron, dipole, linac, emittance	3244
	J. Zhu, R.W. Aßmann, U. Dorda, B. Marchetti DESY, Hamburg, Germany R. Rossmanith KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
	The SINBAD facility (Short and INnovative Bunches and Accelerators at DESY) is foreseen to provide sub-fs to tens of fs electron bunches for the R&D of novel acceleration concepts and applications, e.g. Laser Wake-Field Acceleration (LWFA), Dielectric Laser Acceleration (DLA) and medical imaging. We present the design study of the dogleg at the SINBAD linac, which is capable of delivering ultra-short bunches to the second beamline. The longitudinal dispersion of the dogleg can be finely tuned so that it can either transport the ultra-short bunch produced upstream by velocity bunching, or compress the incoming long bunch. The achievable beam parameters are investigated by start-to-end simulations.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-THPMB010
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THPMB028	Beam Optics of 180-degree Bending Section including a Charge Stripper	simulation, linac, optics, sextupole	3291
	J.-H. Jang, H. Jin, J. Song IBS, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
	Funding: This work was supported by the Rare Isotope Science Project of Institute for Basic Science funded by Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning and National Research Foundation of Korea. The linac of RISP (Rare Isotope Science Project) includes a charge stripper to obtain better acceleration efficiency. It is located after the lower energy part of the superconducting linac which accelerates 2 charge states, 33 and 34 of uranium beams to about 18 MeV/u. After the charge stripper, 5 charge states around 79 are selected and transported into the higher energy part of the linac through a 180-degree bending section. This work focused on the charge stripper effects on the beam optics in the bending section.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-THPMB028
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THPMB029	Simultaneous Two Beam Acceleration Lattice Design Study for the Post Linear Accelerator of RISP	lattice, ion, emittance, simulation	3294
	S.W. Jang KNU, Deagu, Republic of Korea E.-S. Kim Korea University Sejong Campus, Sejong, Republic of Korea
	The Rare Isotope Science Project, RISP, is the research complex by using heavy ion accelerator, which RISP research complex consists of front-end system, super conducting linear accelerator(SCL), ISOL system, In-fight system. The original purpose of post linear accelerator was for the alternative acceleration of stable driver beam from ECR ion source and unstable rare isotope beam from ISOL system. The new concept of acceleration method by using post accelerator lattice was studied to get more benefits. The idea was the simultaneous acceleration of stable driver beam and RI beam by using the average A/q value of post accelerator lattice. For the simultaneous two beam acceleration study, we used two ion beams the first one was 58Ni+8 and the other one was 132Sn+20. The beam dynamics simulation was performed by TRACK and TraceWin codes. In this poster, we will describe the results of beam dynamics study for the simultaneous two beam acceleration of the post linear accelerator of RISP.
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THPMB032	Design Study and Multi-particle Tracking Simulation of the IH-DTL with KONUS Beam Dynamics for KHIMA Project	DTL, simulation, quadrupole, emittance	3299
	Y. Lee, E.-S. Kim Korea University Sejong Campus, Sejong, Republic of Korea G. Hahn KIRAMS, Seoul, Republic of Korea Z. Li SCU, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
	The Korea Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator (KHIMA) project of the Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (KIRAMS) has developed heavy ion medical accelerator. The injector system of the accelerator for the KHIMA project is composed of a low energy beam transport line (LEBT), radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ), interdigit H-mode drift tube linac (IH-DTL), and medium energy beam transport line (MEBT). The IH-DTL is designed with KONUS beam dynamics, and KONUS indicates a combined 0˚ structure. Optimization aims are to increase the quality of the beam and to reduce the beam loss. KONUS beam dynamics design and multi-particle tracking simulations of the IH-DTL with LORASR and TraceWIN code are performed.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-THPMB032
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THPMB046	Status and Plans for Completion of the Experimental Programme of the Clic Test Facility Ctf3	controls, linac, emittance, operation	3347
	P.K. Skowroński, R. Corsini, S. Döbert, W. Farabolini, D. Gamba, L. Malina, T. Persson, F. Tecker CERN, Geneva, Switzerland W. Farabolini CEA/DSM/IRFU, France D. Gamba JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom
	The CLIC Test Facility CTF3 was build, commissioned and operated at CERN by an international collaboration, with the aim of validating the CLIC two beam acceleration scheme, in which the RF power used to accelerate e⁺/e⁻ beams is extracted from a high intensity electron beam. In the past years the main issues of such a scheme were assessed, demonstrating its feasibility. The CTF3 experimental programme is complementing these results by addressing cost and performance subjects, mainly using the CALIFES test beam injector and a full scale two-beam module. In this paper we document the present status and give an outlook to next year run, when the experimental programme should be completed.
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THPMR025	Simulation of Beam Behavior Caused by Odd Harmonics of Beam Loading in J-PARC RCS	beam-loading, simulation, cavity, resonance	3443
	M. Yamamoto, M. Nomura, T. Shimada, F. Tamura JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan K. Hara, K. Hasegawa, C. Ohmori, M. Toda, M. Yoshii KEK, Tokai, Ibaraki, Japan
	The J-PARC RCS accelerates 2 bunches at the harmonic number 2. The major Fourier component of the beam current is even harmonics. However, the odd harmonics grow under some conditions even though they are very small amplitude at the beginning. We describe the the particle tracking simulation results for the odd harmonic beam loading effect in the RCS.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-THPMR025
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THPMW002	Power Supplies for Main Magnet of J-PARC Main Ring	power-supply, controls, experiment, extraction	3534
	S. Nakamura, Y. Kurimoto, Y. Morita, T. Shimogawa KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
	A large magnetic field ripple of the order of 10^-2 were observed at the first beam commissioning of J-PARC main ring in 2008, To eliminate the ripple, we had improved the magnet power supplies by reconstructing a trap-filter of 600 Hz and adopting an additional DCCT. We made differencial circuit and symmetrical wiring for all magnets. On the other hand, acceleration period was reduced from 2.5 s to 1.4 s for increasing the beam power with feedforward control. We summarize the improvements of the magnet power supplies in this paper.
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THPOR040	Emittance Growth by Misalignments and Jitters in SuperKEKB Injector Linac	emittance, linac, quadrupole, simulation	3871
	Y. Seimiya, Y. Enomoto, K. Furukawa, T. Higo, T. Kamitani, F. Miyahara, Y. Ohnishi, M. Satoh, T. Suwada, M. Tanaka KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
	Funding: This work was partly supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 16K17545. SuperKEKB injector linac have to transport high-charged beam with low emittance to SuperKEKB ring for high luminosity, 8¥times10³⁵. For the low emittance, photocathode RF gun was adopted as electron source. One of the main reason of the beam emittance blow-up electron linac is generally induced by wakefield in acceleration cavities. A charged beam with a offset from a center of a cavity is affected by the wakefield depending on the offset size in the acceleration cavity and the beam emittance is increased. This emittance blow-up can be eliminated by appropriate steering magnet control so as to cancel the wake effect in the acceleration cavity. We perform particle tracking simulation with some misalignments and beam jitter. Emittance growth by the misalignments and the beam jitter is evaluated in this report.
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THPOW056	Fiber Laser Development for Dielectric Laser-driven Accelerator and Electron Beam Source	laser, electron, target, radiation	4070
	H. Okamoto, S. Otsuki The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan K. Koyama, M. Uesaka The University of Tokyo, Nuclear Professional School, Ibaraki-ken, Japan D. Satoh, T. Shibuya TIT, Tokyo, Japan M. Yoshida KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
	Our group is aiming for developing a table-top electronμbeam source, whose beam size is micro-meter order so that we can irradiate just the nuclei of cells (1μm) and observe the behavior in real time. This beam source will be realized by dielectric laser-driven accelerators(DLAs), which is expected to produce acceleration gradients of ~GV/m. To drive these accelerators, ultra-short pulse laser has to be incident to the structure. We chose Ytterbium (Yb) fiber laser for generating and amplifying ultra-short laser pulse, which has high quantum efficiency and can easily pumped by LD, and is proper to produce ultra-short pulses because of its wide-band oscillation. We succeeded in getting ultra-short pulse (central wavelength: {1030} nm, average output: 10 W, pulse duration: ~10 ps, reputation rate: 84 MHz) from Yb fiber laser system. Also in order to make electron bunch by photo cathode, we then converted the obtained IR laser to UV of 258 nm (4ω) using BBO and LBO crystals. We are planning to amplify the pulses by Yb:YAG in future, which has its amplification band in {1030} nm. K. Koyama el al., "Design Of Photonic Crystal Accelerator For Radiation Biology," IPAC'12 Proceedings (2014)
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FRXCB01	Two Beam Wakefield Acceleration at Argonne Wakefield Accelerator Facility	wakefield, experiment, electron, laser	4258
	W. Gai ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA
	Structure based wakefield acceleration provides a viable approach capable of accelerating a sufficient electrons and positrons in a substantially high graident needed to meet the luminosity, efficiency, and cost requirements of a future linear collider. The short pulse Two Beam wakefield Acceleration (TBA) studied at the Argonne Wakefield Accelerator Facility is aimed to pave the way toward the next linear collider. Here we present the latest results including the 100MeV/m of the single stage TBA and the staged TBA in which a 0.5nC bunch gained equal amount of energy in two stages (~2.4 MeV per stage, corresponding to an average acceleration gradient ~70 MeV/m). The technique is scalable to a staged-acceleration at 200-300MeV/m by using a GeV-scale drive beam. Such a development will considerably reduce both cost and footprint of a future high-energy physics collider as well as future X-Ray light source.
	Slides FRXCB01 [11.937 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-FRXCB01
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MOPMB015

Technical Design Considerations About the SINBAD-ARES Linac

linac, laser, gun, electron

112

B. Marchetti, R.W. Aßmann, U. Dorda, K. Flöttmann, M. Hachmann, I. Hartl, J. Herrmann, M. Hüning, G. Kube, F. Ludwig, F. Mayet, M. Pelzer, I. Peperkorn, S. Pfeiffer, H. Schlarb, M. Titberidze, G. Vashchenko, M.K. Weikum, L. Winkelmann, K. Wittenburg, J. Zhu
DESY, Hamburg, Germany
R. Rossmanith
KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany

The SINBAD facility (Short and INnovative Bunches and Accelerators at Desy) is foreseen to host various experiments in the field of production of ultra-short electron bunches and novel high gradient acceleration technique. The SINBAD linac, also called ARES (Accelerator Research experiment at SINBAD), will be a conventional S-band linear RF accelerator allowing the production of low charge (0.5 pC - few pC) ultra-short electron bunches (FWHM, length <= 1 fs - few fs) having 100 MeV energy. In this paper we present the current status of the technical design considerations, motivate the foreseen diagnostics for the RF gun commissioning and present examples of foreseen applications.

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MOPMB056

Measurements of the Beam Energy and Beam Profile of 100 MeV Proton Linac at KOMAC

proton, linac, DTL, ion

217

S.G. Lee, Y.-S. Cho, H.S. Kim, H.-J. Kwon
Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea

Funding: This work has been supported through KOMAC operation fund of KAERI by Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning.
The linac for generation of the 100 MeV proton beam is operating in KOMAC. The 100 MeV proton beam is used in the industrial and the scientific fields such as improvement of the material characteristics and production of the isotope. The accurate measurements of the proton beam energy and profile are necessary for increasing the efficiency of the application and minimizing the inadequate radioactivation in linac structure caused by the beam loss. The proton beam energy and beam profile are measured by using the TOF (time-of-flight) method with a BPM (beam position monitor) and the ion chamber array, respectively. The detailed measurement setup and the measured results will be given in this paper.

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MOPMW024

Design of the New Wideband RF System for the CERN PS Booster

electronics, impedance, booster, controls

441

M.M. Paoluzzi, S.C.P. Albright, M.E. Angoletta, L. Arnaudon, S. Energico, A. Findlay, M. Haase, M. Jaussi, A.J. Jones, D. Landré, J.C. Molendijk, D. Quartullo, E.N. Shaposhnikova
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

For the renovation and upgrade of the CERN PS Booster (PSB) RF systems a development project was launched in 2012. The design, based on a new approach, aimed at replacing the existing tuned, narrowband RF systems with wideband, modular, solid-state driven units. A wide range of issues had to be addressed spanning from RF power production, radiation hardness of solid-state devices, active cancellation of beam-induced voltages, dedicated low-level electronics allowing multi-harmonic operation and beam stability. Following a three-year prototyping and testing campaign and two international reviews, the project endorsement came at the end of year 2015. It foresees the complete removal of present h1, h2 and h10 systems and the deployment of a new one covering all the frequency ranges from 1 MHz to 18 MHz. The four PSB rings will be equipped with 144 identical acceleration cells providing 24 kV total RF voltage per ring. This paper describes the design concepts, the retained solutions, the expected performances and includes the procurement and implementation strategies. This activity is part of the LHC Injectors Upgrade project (LIU).

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MOPMW029

Analysis of Transverse Field Induced by Curved Beryllium Window in Muon Ionization Cooling Cavity

cavity, emittance, Windows, focusing

457

T.H. Luo, D. Li
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA

The beryllium windows are used in muon ionization cooling cavity to increase the cavity shunt impedance. The windows are curved for predictable thermal deformation. This curvature also introduces transverse field, which will affect the transverse beam emittance. In this paper, we will analyze this transverse field and evaluate its effect on the emittance cooling.

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MOPMY026

Development of an X-Band Linearizer System for PAL-XFEL

klystron, LLRF, electron, wakefield

554

H. Heo, J. Hu, H.-S. Kang, K.H. Kim, S.H. Kim, H.-S. Lee, B.G. Oh, S.S. Park, Y.J. Park, Y.J. Suh
PAL, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea

We developed an X-band RF system for the linear bunch compression in the PAL-XFEL. We installed a SLAC X-band accelerating structure on a precise mover stage and applied RF power by using a SLAC XL-4 11.424 GHz klystron driven by an inverter charging type modulator. We are developing a solid state amplifier controlled by an X-band LLRF system instead of using a TWTA as a driving RF source for the klystron. We present and discuss the recent test results of the system.

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MOPOR012

Study of the Beam-Cavity Interaction in the PS 10 MHz RF System

cavity, impedance, simulation, feedback

618

G. Favia, H. Damerau, M. Morvillo, C. Rossi
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
M. Migliorati
University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy

The eleven main accelerating cavities of the Proton Synchrotron (PS) at CERN consist of two ferrite-loaded coaxial λ/4 resonators each. Both resonators oscillate in phase, as their gaps are electrically connected by short bars. They are in addition magnetically coupled via the bias loop used for cavity tuning. The cavities are equipped with a wide-band feedback system, limiting the beam loading, and a further reduction of the beam induced voltage is achieved by relays which short-circuit each half-resonator gap when the cavity is not in use. Asymmetries of the beam induced voltage observed in the two half-cavities indicate that the coupling between the two resonators is not as tight as expected. The total cavity impedance coupling to the beam may be affected differently by the contributions of both resonators. A dedicated measurement campaign with high-intensity proton beam and numerical simulation have been performed to investigate the beam-cavity interaction. This paper reports the result of the study and the work aiming at the development of a model of the system, including the wide-band feedback, which reproduces this interaction.

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MOPOY001

MedAustron Synchrotron RF Commissioning for Medical Proton Beams

injection, synchrotron, proton, cavity

844

C. Schmitzer, F. Farinon, A. Garonna, M. Kronberger, T.K.D. Kulenkampff, C. Kurfürst, S. Myalski, S. Nowak, F. Osmić, L.C. Penescu, M.T.F. Pivi, P. Urschütz, A. Wastl
EBG MedAustron, Wr. Neustadt, Austria

MedAustron is a medical accelerator facility for hadron therapy cancer treatment using protons and carbon ions. The Synchrotron is driven by a 0.47-3.26 MHz Finemet® loaded wideband cavity powered by 12x 1kW solid state amplifiers connected to a digital Low Level RF system. It was developed in collaboration with CERN and put to operation at MedAustron in early 2014. The main Synchrotron RF (sRF )commissioning steps for proton beams involved the setup of the adiabatic capture process, the setup of the frequency and voltage ramps and feedback loops for fast acceleration and the RF jump for extraction. The adiabatic capture process was optimized in terms of energy and voltage mismatch by analyzing longitudinal empty bucket scans after beam injection into the synchrotron. The acceleration ramp optimization was based on calculations using a software tool developed in-house and adapted experimentally to minimize losses at injection and during acceleration. This paper provides an overview of the acceleration system and describes the commissioning process of the sRF system and the related beam commissioning efforts at MedAustron.

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TUPMB019

Detailed Characterization of MEBT Quadrupoles for the Linear IFMIF Prototype Accelerator (LIPAc)

quadrupole, multipole, dipole, synchrotron

1151

J. Marcos, J. Campmany, V. Massana
ALBA-CELLS Synchrotron, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
J. Castellanos
UNED, Madrid, Spain
J. Castellanos, C. Oliver, I. Podadera, F. Toral
CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain
O. Nomen
IREC, Sant Adria del Besos, Spain

Funding: This work has been funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness under the Agreement as published in BOE, 16/01/2013, page 1988
The IFMIF-EVEDA* Linear IFMIF Prototype Accelerator (LIPac) is a 9 MeV, 125 mA CW deuteron accelerator to validate the technology to be used in the future IFMIF accelerator. The acceleration of deuterons will be done through two stages. The matching between them will be done in the Medium Energy Beam Transport line (MEBT). In this section, the transverse focusing of the beam is carried out by five quadrupole magnets with integrated steerers, grouped in one triplet and one doublet**. These magnets have been designed by CIEMAT, and manufactured by the Spanish company ANTECSA. After manufacturing, they were fully characterized at ALBA-CELLS magnetic measurements facility. In this paper we describe the characterization bench used to measure the magnets, the measurement protocol and the alignment procedure, as well as the results obtained and the iteration process followed in order to shim the magnets to fulfill with beam dynamics requirements.
* A. Mosnier et al., proceedings of IPAC10, MOPEC056, p.588, Kyoto, Japan (2010)
** C. Oliver, et alt, proceedings of IPAC11, WEPO014, p. 2424, San Sebastián, Spain (2011)

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TUPMR012

Investigation of Central Region Design of 10MeV AVF Cyclotron

cyclotron, ion, ion-source, injection

1253

M. Afkhami Karaei, H. Afarideh, S. Azizpourian, R. Solhju
AUT, Tehran, Iran
J.-S. Chai, M. Ghergherehchi
SKKU, Suwon, Republic of Korea

Recently, studies on the central region of 10 MeV AVF Cyclotron have been done at AmirKabir University of Technology. In this study, the aim of the cyclotron design is to accelerate the ions up to 10MeV energy. The cyclotron, consist of four sector magnets and 2 RF cavities which will be operated at 71 MHz. The internal PIG ion source is used in this cyclotron. The purpose of this work is to investigate the behavior of trajectories of ions in the magnetic and electric fields at the center of the cyclotron. The electric and magnetic field distribution was designed by OPERA-3DTOSCA. In order to solve the equation of motion, numerical code was written in C++ program that used the conventional Rung-Kutta method. The obtained results of simulation were the horizontal and vertical motion of an ion in the center of cyclotron, and motion of the center of the orbits.

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TUPMR018

Beam Tracking Simulation for SC200 Superconducting Cyclotron

cyclotron, simulation, extraction, resonance

1268

O. Karamyshev
JINR/DLNP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
Y.F. Bi, G. Chen, K.Z. Ding, Y. Song
ASIPP, Hefei, People's Republic of China
G.A. Karamysheva, N.A. Morozov, E.V. Samsonov, G. Shirkov, S.G. Shirkov
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia

The SC200 superconducting cyclotron for hadron therapy is under development by collaboration of ASIPP (Hefei, China) and JINR (Dubna, Russia). The accelerator will provide 200 MeV proton beam with maximum current of 1μA in 2017-2018. The cyclotron is very compact and light, the estimate total weight is about 30 tons and extraction radius is 60 cm. We have performed simulations of all systems of the SC200 cyclotron and specified the main parameters of the accelerator. Average magnetic field of the cyclotron is up to 3.5 T and the particle revolution frequency is about 45 MHz, these parameters increases the requirements for accuracy of the beam dynamics studies. We have designed and performed beam tracking starting from the ion source. Codes and methods used for the beam tracking are presented.

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TUPMR021

A Racetrack-shape Fixed Field Induction Accelerator for Giant Cluster Ions

ion, induction, extraction, ion-source

1278

K. Takayama, T. Adachi, K. Okamura, M. Wake
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
T. Adachi, K. Okamura
Sokendai, Ibaraki, Japan
Y. Iwata
AIST, Tsukuba, Japan
Y. Yuri
JAEA/TARRI, Gunma-ken, Japan

At KEK, circular induction accelerators employing an induction acceleration system, which is characterized by a simple fact of functional separation of acceleration and beam confinement, have been developed since 2000. The slow cycling induction synchrotron (IS) was demonstrated using the KEK 12 GeV PS in 2006, where superbunch formation and focusing-free transition energy crossing were realized*. The fast cycling IS called the KEK digital accelerator is under operation since 2012**, where bunch squeezing and splitting/merging never realized in RF synchrotrons have been demonstrated, as well as acceleration in a wide range of ion mass to charge ratio. Based on the experiences, a racetrack-shape fixed field induction accelerator (induction microtron)*** that can accelerate giant cluster ions such as C-60 or Si-100, to high energy beyond that of electrostatic accelerators has been designed. Its full story and status of R&D work will be presented at the conference.
* K.Takayama, Induction Accelerators (Springer, 2010), Chapter 11,12
** K.Takayama et al., Phys. Rev. ST-AB 17, 010101(2014).
*** K.Takayama, T.Adachi, et al., Phys. Rev. ST-AB 18, 050101(2015).

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TUPMR022

Present Status and Future Plan of RIKEN RI Beam Factory

ion, cyclotron, heavy-ion, ion-source

1281

O. Kamigaito, T. Dantsuka, M. Fujimaki, N. Fukunishi, H. Hasebe, Y. Higurashi, E. Ikezawa, H. Imao, M. Kase, M. Kidera, M. Komiyama, K. Kumagai, T. Maie, T. Nagatomo, T. Nakagawa, M. Nakamura, J. Ohnishi, H. Okuno, K. Ozeki, N. Sakamoto, K. Suda, S. Watanabe, T. Watanabe, Y. Watanabe, K. Yamada, H. Yamasawa
RIKEN Nishina Center, Wako, Japan

Recent efforts concerning the accelerators of the RIKEN RI Beam Factory (RIBF) have been directed towards achieving higher heavy-ion beam intensities. As shown at the IPAC2014 conference, the intensities of these ion beams have improved significantly following the construction of the new injector, RILAC2, which is equipped with a 28-GHz superconducting ECR ion source, development of the helium gas stripper, and upgrading of the bending power of the fRC. In this respect, this paper presents the subsequent upgrade programs conducted in the past two years, such as the development of a new charge stripper for uranium beam and a new acceleration scheme of krypton beam. The current performance level of the RIBF accelerator complex, as well as a future plan to further increase the beam intensities, are also presented.

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TUPMR024

Commissioning and First Accelerated Beams in the Reaccelerator (Rea3) of the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, MSU

ion, experiment, rfq, cyclotron

1287

A.C.C. Villari, G. Bollen, M. Ikegami, S.M. Lidia, R. Shane, Q. Zhao
FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
D.M. Alt, D.B. Crisp, S.W. Krause, A. Lapierre, D.J. Morrissey, S. Nash, R. Rencsok, R.J. Ringle, S. Schwarz, C. Sumithrarachchi, S.J. Williams
NSCL, East Lansing, Michigan, USA

The ReAccelerator ReA3 is a worldwide unique, state-of-the-art reaccelerator for rare isotope beams. Beams of rare isotopes are produced and separated in-flight at the NSCL Coupled Cyclotron Facility and subsequently stopped in a gas cell. The rare isotopes are then continuously extracted as 1+ (or 2+) ions and transported into a beam cooler and buncher, followed by a charge breeder based on an Electron Beam Ion Trap (EBIT). In the charge breeder, the ions are ionized to a charge state suitable for acceleration in the superconducting radiofrequency (SRF) linac, extracted in a pulsed mode and mass analyzed. The extracted beam is bunched to 80.5 MHz and then accelerated to energies ranging from 300 keV/u up to 6 MeV/u, depending on their charge-to-mass ratio. Alternatively, stable isotope ions can be accelerated injecting stable gas in the EBIT. ReA3 was commissioned recently with stable 40Ar and 39K as well as with the rare isotope beams of 46Ar and 46K. This contribution will focus on the properties and techniques used to accelerate and transport rare isotope beams and will show results obtained during the preparation of the two first experiments using the ReA facility.

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TUPMY002

APF IH-DTL Design for the Muon LINAC in the J-PARC Muon g-2/EDM Experiment

cavity, linac, emittance, DTL

1539

M. Otani, T. Mibe, M. Yoshida
KEK, Tsukuba, Japan
K. Hasegawa, Y. Kondo
JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan
N. Hayashizaki
RLNR, Tokyo, Japan
Y. Iwashita
Kyoto ICR, Uji, Kyoto, Japan
Y. Iwata
NIRS, Chiba-shi, Japan
R. Kitamura
University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
N. Saito
J-PARC, KEK & JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan

The muon linac for the J-PARC muon g-2/EDM experiment consists of RFQ (324 MHz), IH-DTL (324 MHz), DAW coupled cell linac (1.3 GHz), and disk loaded structure (1.3 GHz). Because muon has finite life time, the muons should be accelerated in a sufficiently short period. To realize fast acceleration, Alternative Phase Focusing (APF) scheme is adopted in IH-DTL in which the muons are accelerated from 0.34 MeV to about 4 MeV. In this poster, the design of the APF IH-DTL for muon acceleraiton with the computer calculation will be presented.

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TUPMY003

Development of Muon LINAC for the Muon g-2/EDM Experiment at J-PARC

rfq, linac, cavity, background

1543

M. Otani, T. Mibe, F. Naito, N. Saito, M. Yoshida
KEK, Tsukuba, Japan
K. Hasegawa, T. Ito, Y. Kondo
JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan
N. Hayashizaki
RLNR, Tokyo, Japan
Y. Iwashita
Kyoto ICR, Uji, Kyoto, Japan
Y. Iwata
NIRS, Chiba-shi, Japan
R. Kitamura
University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

Precision measurements of the muon's anomalous magnetic moment (g-2) and electric dipole moment (EDM) are effective ways to cast light on beyond the standard model of elementary particle physics. The J-PARC E34 experiment aims to measure g-2 with a precision of 0.1 ppm and search for EDM with a sensitivity to 10-{-21} e· cm with high intensity proton beam at J-PARC and a novel technique of making a muon beam with small emittance (the ultra-cold muon beam). The ultra-cold muon beam is generated from a surface muon beam by the thermal muonium (30 meV) production followed by the laser ionization, and acceleration to 212 MeV or 300 MeV/c by the muon dedicated LINAC. The muon LINAC consists of RFQ, inter-digital IH, Disk And Washer (DAW) coupled cell and disk loaded structure. The ultra-cold muons will have an extremely small transverse momentum spread of less than 1 % with a normalized transverse emittance of around 1.5 pi mm-mrad. The muon acceleration to 300 MeV/c will be the first case in the world and it will be one of the base technologies of future accelerator programs. In this talk, design and status of the muon LINAC will be reported.

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TUPMY014

Muon Acceleration Concepts for Future Neutrino Factory

linac, SRF, focusing, cryomodule

1574

S.A. Bogacz
JLab, Newport News, Virgina, USA

Funding: Work supported by the Muon Accelerator Program
Here, we summarize current state of concept for muon acceleration aimed at future Neutrino Factory. The main thrust of these studies was to reduce the overall cost while maintaining performance through exploring interplay between complexity of the cooling systems and the acceptance of the accelerator complex. To ensure adequate survival of the short-lived muons, acceleration must occur at high average gradient. The need for large transverse and longitudinal acceptances drives the design of the acceleration system to initially low RF frequency, e.g. 325 MHz, and then increased to 650 MHz, as the transverse size shrinks with increasing energy. High-gradient normal conducting RF cavities at these frequencies require extremely high peak-power RF sources. Hence superconducting RF (SRF) cavities are chosen. Here, we considered two cost effective schemes for accelerating muon beams for a stagable Neutrino Factory: Exploration of the so-called 'dual-use' linac concept, where the same linac structure is used for acceleration of both H⁻ and muons and alternatively, the SRF efficient design based on multi-pass (4.5) 'dogbone' RLA, extendable to multi-pass FFAG-like arcs.

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TUPMY015

Ultrafast Electron Guns for the Efficient Acceleration using Single-Cycle THz Pulses

electron, gun, laser, injection

1578

A. Fallahi, F.X. Kärtner, A. Yahaghi
CFEL, Hamburg, Germany
M. Fakhari
DESY, Hamburg, Germany

Funding: European Research Council (ERC)
Over the past decades, advances in ultrafast technologies led to the production of intense ultrashort THz to optical pulses reaching single-cycle pulse duration. Using such pulses for electron acceleration offers advantages in terms of higher thresholds for materials breakdown, thus introducing a promising path towards increasing acceleration gradients. Conventional accelerator technology is based on either continuous wave or long pulse operation, where resonant or guiding structures are usually employed. We introduce novel structures for electron acceleration which operate with single-cycle pulses named as single-cycle ultrafast guns. The operating frequencies considered here are at THz wavelengths inspired by the recent progress in the optical generation of intense single-cycle THz pulses. We begin with designing guns for low energy pulses and proceed with structures designed for high energy pulses. More importantly, it is shown that the already achieved THz pulse energies of 20 uJ are enough to realize relativistic fields for electron acceleration. These structures will underpin future devices for fabricating miniaturized electron guns and linear accelerators.

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TUPMY017

Laser Driven Dielectric Accelerator in the Non-relativistic Energy Region

laser, electron, radiation, vacuum

1585

K. Koyama, M. Uesaka
The University of Tokyo, Nuclear Professional School, Ibaraki-ken, Japan
S. Kurimura
NIMS, Ibaraki, Japan
H. Okamoto, S. Otsuki
The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
M. Yoshida
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

Laser-driven dielectric accelerator (LDA) is suitable for delivering a submicron-size ultra-short electron beam, which is useful for studying basic processes of the radiation effect in a biological cell. Both the oblique incidence and the normal incidence configurations of LDA were studied. The oblique incidence configuration of LDA relaxes the synchronization condition as v_e=¥pm c L_G/¥left(¥λ+ L_G n ¥sin ¥theta ¥right) and is somewhat suitable for accelerating the non-relativistic electrons. The required energy to accelerate electrons in the oblique incidence configuration is smaller than that in the normal incidence configuration by a factor of ¥cos ¥theta, where ¥theta is the incidence angle of the laser beam. Two gratings each were made of different material structure of silica ({¥rm SiO₂}) were fabricated by the electron beam lithography. When a crystal silica was adopted, many large humps of several hundred nm size were observed in grooves of the grating. On the other hand, a glass silica had smoother grooves.

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TUPMY025

Proton-Driven Electron Acceleration in Hollow Plasma

plasma, electron, proton, wakefield

1601

Y. M. Li, K. Hanahoe, O. Mete Apsimon, T.H. Pacey, G.X. Xia
UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom

Funding: President's Doctoral Scholar Award from The University of Manchester.
Proton driven plasma wakefield acceleration has been proposed to accelerate electrons to TeV-scale in a single hundreds of meters plasma section. However, it is difficult to conserve beam quality due to the positively charged driven scheme. In this paper, we demonstrate via simulation that hollow plasma is favourable to maintain the long and stable acceleration and simultaneously be able to achieve low normalized emittance and energy spread of the witness electrons. Moreover, it has much higher beam loading tolerance compared to the uniform case. This will potentially facilitates the acceleration of a large number of particles with high beam quality.
* Caldwell A et al.Nature Physics, 2009, 5(5): 363-367
** K. Lotov, Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams, 2010, 13(4): 041301.
*** W. Kimura et al., Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams, 2011, 14(4): 041301.

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TUPMY026

Electron Beam Generation and Injection From a Pyroelectric Crystal Array

electron, laser, injection, radiation

1604

R.B. Yoder, Z. Kabilova, B. Saeks
Goucher College, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

Novel acceleration structures (e.g. dielectric laser accelerators [DLAs]*) powered by lasers have the potential to greatly reduce the footprint and cost of both industrial linacs and colliders. As these devices have dimensions comparable to optical wavelengths, they require injection of a sub-micron-scale electron bunch to generate high-quality output beams, which are well beyond the capability of conventional rf photocathodes. Photoexcitation and field emission from an array of nanotips, followed by further acceleration and focusing, is a promising approach to achieving the requisite small beam sizes for successful injection. Pyroelectric crystals can provide electrostatic fields of sufficient magnitude and uniformity to enable emission and acceleration. We present an initial design for a low-energy injection module using the accelerating electrostatic fields provided by pyroelectric crystals. The approach is modeled numerically and supported by direct benchtop measurements of pyroelectric fields from a 2-crystal array.
*R. J. England et al., Rev. Mod. Phys. 86, p. 1337 (2014).

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TUPMY028

Ultra-high Gradient Acceleration in Nano-crystal Channels

electron, plasma, laser, wakefield

1607

Y.-M. Shin
Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, USA
D.M. Farinella, P. Taborek, T. Tajima
UCI, Irvine, California, USA
A.H. Lumpkin, V.D. Shiltsev, R.M. Thurman-Keup
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
X. Zhang
Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Shanghai, People's Republic of China

Funding: This work was supported by the DOE contract No.DEAC02-07CH11359 to the Fermi Research Alliance LLC. We also thank the FAST Department team for the helpful discussions and technical support.
Crystals behave like a non-equilibrium medium (e.g. plasma), but at a relatively low temperature, if heated by a high-power driving source. The warm dense matter contains many more ions (n0 ~ 10¹⁹ - 10²³ cm^-3) available for plasma acceleration than gaseous plasmas, and can possibly support electric fields of up to 30 TV/m of plasma oscillation*,**,***,****. Atomic lattice spaces in solid crystals are known to consist of 10 - 100 V/Å potential barriers capable of guiding and collimating high energy particles with continuously focused acceleration. Nanostructured crystals (e.g. carbon nanotube) with dimensional flexibilities can accept a few orders of magnitude larger phase-space volume of channeled particles than natural crystals. Our PIC simulation results*****, ****** obtained from two plasma acceleration codes, VORPAL and EPOCH, indicate that in the linear regime the beam-driven and laser-driven electrons channeled in a 100 micro-meter long effective nanotube gain 10 MeV (G = 1 - 10 TeV/m). Experimental tests, including slit-mask beam modulation and pump-probe electron diffraction, are designed in Fermilab and NIU to identify a wakefield effect in a photo-excited crystal.
* Phys. Rev.Lett. 43, 267(1979)
** Phys. Plasmas 15, 103105(2008)
*** Nature Photonics 9, 274(2015)
**** Phys. J. 223, 1037(2014)
***** Appl. Phys. Lett. 105, 114106(2014)
****** Phys. Plasmas 20, 123106(2013)

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TUPMY031

Estimation and Suppression of Aberrations in Emittance Exchange based Current Profile Shaping

collective-effects, emittance, space-charge, FEL

1615

G. Ha, M.-H. Cho, W. Namkung
POSTECH, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea
W. Gai, G. Ha, K.-J. Kim, J.G. Power
ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA

The longitudinal current profile manipulation has been explored for many applications including THz radiation, FEL and advanced acceleration schemes. Especially, collinear dielectric wakefield accelerations require a microbunch shaping for a high transformer ratio. We have studied aberrations from the emittance exchange based current profile shaping to preserve the high transformer ratio. All second order aberration terms in the double dog-leg emittance exchange beam line are discovered. Aberration patterns from each aberration sources like second order terms, space-charge, and CSR and their effect on the transformer ratio are estimated analytically. These aberration sources and corresponding patterns are confirmed using a particle tracking code GPT. Simple methods to suppress each aberration will be presented too. All calculation in this work is done with a double dog-leg emittance exchange beam line.

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TUPOR016

A Multi-GeV Recirculating Proton Linac

proton, linac, cavity, operation

1688

J. Qiang
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA

A high power GeV proton linac has many scientific applications. Recirculating RF linac as an efficient accelerator has been used and proposed to accelerate both electron and muon beams. In this paper, we propose using a multi-pass recirculating RF linac to attain a multi-GeV high power proton beam. This linac consists of three types of superconducting RF cavities that accelerate the proton beam multiple times from 150 MeV to final multiple GeV energy. Such a recirculating linac can significantly reduce the number of RF cavities in the accelerator and lower the cost of the facility.

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TUPOW017

Twin Bunches at the FACET-II

wakefield, simulation, electron, controls

1778

Z. Zhang
TUB, Beijing, People's Republic of China
M.J. Hogan, Z. Huang, A. Marinelli
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA

Twin electron bunches, generated, accelerated and compressed in the same acceleration bucket, have attracted a lot of interest in the free-electron lasers and wakefield acceleration. The recent successful experiment at the LCLS used twin bunches to generate two-color two x-ray pulses with tunable time delay and energy separation. In this note, we apply the twin bunches to the plasma wakefield acceleration. Numerical simulations show that based on the beamline of the FACET-II, we can generate high-intensity two electron bunches with time delay from ∼ 100 fs to picoseconds, which will benefit the control of high-gradient witness bunch acceleration in a plasma.

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TUPOY003

Novel Approach to Utilize Proton Beams from High Power Laser Accelerators for Therapy

laser, proton, target, radiation

1905

U. Masood, M. Baumann, W. Enghardt, L. Karsch, J. Pawelke, S. Schürer
OncoRay, Dresden, Germany
M. Baumann
German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
M. Baumann
German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany
T.E. Cowan, U. Schramm
Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
T.E. Cowan, W. Enghardt, T. Herrmannsdoerfer, J. Pawelke, U. Schramm
HZDR, Dresden, Germany
K.M. Hofmann, J.J. Wilkens
Technische Universität München, Klinikum rechts der Isar & Physics Department, Munich, Germany
F. Kroll
Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Institute of Radiation Physics, Dresden, Germany

Funding: Supported by German BMBF, nos. 03Z1N511 and 03Z1O511 & DFG cluster of excellence MAP.
Protons provide superior radiotherapy benefits to patients, but immense size and cost of the system limits it to only few centers worldwide. Proton acceleration on μm scale via high intensity laser is promising to reduce size and costs of proton therapy, but associated beamlines are still big and massive. Also, in contrast to conventionally accelerated quasi-continuous mono-energetic pencil beams, laser-driven beams have distinct beam properties, i.e. ultra-intense pico-sec bunches with large energy spread and large divergences, and with low repetition rate. With new lasers with petawatt power, protons with therapy related energies could be achieved, however, the beam properties make it challenging to adapt them directly for medical applications. We will present our compact beamline solution including energy selection and divergence control, and a new beam scanning and dose delivery system with specialized 3D treatment planning system for laser-driven proton beams. The beamline is based on high field iron-less pulsed magnets and about three times smaller than the conventional systems*, and can provide high quality clinical treatment plans**.
* U. Masood et al, Applied Phys B, 117(1):41-52, 2014
** K.M. Hofmann et al, Medical Physics, 42(9):5120-5129, 2015

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TUPOY006

Improvement of Scanning Irradiation in Gunma University Heavy Ion Medical Center

extraction, ion, heavy-ion, experiment

1914

H. Souda, T. Kanai, K. Kikuchi, Y. Kubota, A. Matsumura, H. Shimada, M. Tashiro, K. Torikai, M. Torikoshi, S. Yamada, K. Yusa
Gunma University, Heavy-Ion Medical Research Center, Maebashi-Gunma, Japan
T. Fujimoto
AEC, Chiba, Japan
E. Takeshita
Kanagawa Cancer Center, Ion-beam Radiation Oncology Center in Kanagawa, Kanagawa, Japan

Funding: Work collaborated with Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Ltd. Work supported by JSPS Kakenhi 26860395, Program for Cultivating Global Leaders in Heavy Ion Therapeutics and Engineering by MEXT of Japan.
Gunma University Heavy Ion Medical Center (GHMC) is a compact heavy ion treatment facility* and have experienced 5 years of successful treatment operation. GHMC has 3 treatment room using broad beam (wobbling) irradiation system and 1 experimental irradiation room for the research and development of a spot-scanning irradiation. During the study toward the treatment, several improvements were done in both accelerator and irradiation system. For accelerators, slow extraction from a synchrotron using a transverse rf field is tested**. Compared with conventional extraction system of rf acceleration, ripples of the beam spill (peak to bottom ratio) is reduced from almost 100% to 60%; the deviation of the beam center position and the deviation of the beam size (1σ) are reduced to the order of 0.1 mm. For irradiation system, regularly operation for biological experiments has started form June 2014. In order to shorten the experiment time, 2-dimensional optimization of the irradiation planning was carried out. After the optimization, the irradiation time was reduced by 30% with keeping the dose uniformity within ±2.5%.
* T. Ohno et al., Cancers, 3, 4046 (2011)
** K. Noda et al., Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A492, 253 (2002)

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TUPOY022

A Fixed Field Alternating Gradient Accelerator for Helium Therapy

ion, proton, emittance, injection

1953

J. Taylor
IIAA, Huddersfield, United Kingdom
T.R. Edgecock, R. Seviour
University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom
S. Green
University Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
C. Johnstone
PAC, Batavia, Illinois, USA

A non-scaling fixed field alternating gradient (nsFFAG) accelerator is being designed for helium ion therapy. This facility will consist of 2 nested superconducting rings, treating with helium ions (He²⁺) and image with hydrogen ions (H²⁺). Compared to protons, ions deliver a more conformal dose with a significant reduction in range straggling and beam broadening. Carbon ions are currently used and there are no current facilities providing helium therapy. We are investigating the feasibility of an FFAG approach for helium therapy, which has never been previously considered. We investigate emittance and demonstrate that the machine meets isochronicity requirements for fixed frequency RF.

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TUPOY024

Wave Particle Cherenkov Interactions Mediated via Novel Materials

simulation, electron, operation, scattering

1960

A. Hopper
IIAA, Huddersfield, United Kingdom
R. Seviour
University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom

Currently there is an increasing interest in dielectric wall accelerators. These work by slowing the speed of an EM wave to match the velocity of a particle beam, allowing wave-beam interactions, accelerating the beam. However conventional dielectric materials have limited interaction regions, so wave-beam energy transfer is minimal. In this paper we consider Artificial Materials (AMs), as slow wave structures, in the presence of charged particle beams to engineer Inverse-Cherenkov acceleration. AMs are periodic constructs whose properties depend on their subwavelength geometry rather than their material composition, and can be engineered to give an arbitrary dispersion relation. We show that Metamaterials, one example of an AM, can mediate an Inverse-Cherenkov interaction, but break down in high power environments due to high absorption. We consider AMs with low constitutive parameters and show they can exhibit low absorption whilst maintaining the ability to have a user defined dispersion relation, and mediate a wavebeam interaction leading to Inverse-Cherenkov acceleration.

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WEXB01

Status, Plans and Potential Applications of the ELIMED Beam Line at ELI-Beamlines

laser, ion, proton, target

2077

G.A.P. Cirrone, L. Allegra, A. Amato, A. Amico, G. Candiano, A.C. Caruso, L. Cosentino, M. Costa, G. Cuttone, G. De Luca, G. Gallo, S. Gammino, G. Larosa, R. Leanza, R. Manna, V. Marchese, G. Milluzzo, G. Petringa, J. Pipek, P.S. Pulvirenti, F. Romano, S. Salamone, F. Schillaci, V. Scuderi
INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
G. Korn, D. Margarone, V. Scuderi
ELI-BEAMS, Prague, Czech Republic

Charged particle acceleration using ultra-intense and ultra-short laser pulses has gathered a strong interest in the scientific community and it is now one of the most attractive topics in the relativistic laser-plasma interaction research. Indeed, it could represent the future of particle acceleration and open new scenarios in multidisciplinary fields, in particular, medical applications. One of the biggest challenges consists of using, in a future perspective, high intensity laser-target interaction to generate high-energy ions for therapeutic purposes, eventually replacing the old paradigm of acceleration, characterized by huge and complex machines. In this framework, INFN-LNS (Italian Institute of Nuclear Physics, Catania (I)) in collaboration with ELI-Beamline Institute (Dolny Brezany, CZ) will realise, within 2017 the ELIMED (ELI-Beamlines MEDical and multidisciplinary applications) beamline. ELIMED will be the first Users' addressed transport beamline dedicated to the medical and multidisciplinary studies with laser-accelerated ion beams.

Slides WEXB01 [29.683 MB]

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WEOAB01

Advanced Acceleration Mechanisms for Laser Driven Ions by PW-lasers

laser, ion, target, electron

2082

S.S. Bulanov, E. Esarey, Q. Ji, W. Leemans, T. Schenkel, S. Steinke
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA

Funding: This work was supported by LDRD funding from Berkeley Laboratory, provided by the Director, Office of Science, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
With the fast development of laser technology the energy of laser accelerated proton beams rose up to almost 100 MeV. The PW-class laser facilities that are being built right now or are already in operation, such as the Berkeley Lab Laser Accelerator (BELLA) Center, will offer peak intensities approaching 10²² W/cm². This will allow the development of a new generation laser ion accelerators for numerous applications. The integral part of this task is the investigation of the advanced acceleration mechanisms for laser driven ion beams that would allow for a high degree of control over the angular and energy distributions of ion beams, as well as the increase of the maximum ion energy. We will present recent theoretical and simulation results on three advanced acceleration mechanisms: (i) Directed Coulomb Explosion*, (ii) Radiation Pressure Acceleration**, and (iii) Magnetic Vortex acceleration***.
Reference:
* S. S. Bulanov et al, Phys. Rev. E 78, 026412 (2008).
** S. S. Bulanov et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 105003 (2015).
*** S. S. Bulanov et al, Phys. Rev. STAB 18, 061302 (2015).

Slides WEOAB01 [39.942 MB]

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WEPMB049

Transverse Defocusing Study in LPWA Channel for Linear and Bubble Modes

plasma, electron, laser, simulation

2224

S.M. Polozov, V.I. Rashchikov, Ya.V. Shashkov
MEPhI, Moscow, Russia

Laser plasma wakefield acceleration (LPWA) is one of most popular novel trends of acceleration. The LPWA has two serous disadvantages as very high energy spread and low part of electrons capturing into acceleration. The waveguide and klystron type beam pre-modulation schemes was proposed *, ** to growth capturing and to limit the energy spectrum of 2-3 % for 200-300 MeV beam. One interesting effect was detected due to numerical simulation of beam dynamics in plasma channel. Not captured electrons are escape to the channel border fast and this effect should be explained. It was shown that such effect is caused by effective potential function which forms very high defocusing transverse field after its trailing edge. The results of such explanation verified by numerical simulations are discussed in report for linear and bubble LPWA modes.
* S.M. Polozov. NIM A, 729, p.517-521, 2013
** S.M. Polozov. Problems of Atomic Science and Technology. Series: Nuclear Physics Investigations, 6 (88), p. 29- 34, 2013

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WEPMR005

Investigation of Thermal Acoustic Effects on SRF Cavities within CM1 at Fermilab

cavity, cryomodule, operation, cryogenics

2265

M.W. McGee, E.R. Harms, A.L. Klebaner, J.R. Leibfritz, A. Martinez, Y.M. Pischalnikov, W. Schappert
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

Funding: Operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC, under Contract No. DE-AC02- 07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
Two TESLA-style 8-cavity cryomodules have been operated at Fermilab Accelerator Science and Technology (FAST), formerly the Superconducting Radio Frequency (SRF) Accelerator Test Facility. Operational instabilities were revealed during Radio Frequency (RF) power studies. These observations were complemented by the characterization of thermal acoustic effects on cavity microphonics manifested by apparent noisy boiling of helium involving vapor bubble and liquid vibration. The thermal acoustic measurements also consider pressure and temperature spikes which drive the phenomenon at low and high frequencies.

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WEPMR006

Transport of LCLS-II 1.3 GHz Cryomodule to SLAC

cryomodule, vacuum, alignment, cavity

2268

M.W. McGee, T.T. Arkan, T.J. Peterson, Z. Tang
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
S.R. Boo, M. Carrasco
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
E. Daly, N.A. Huque
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA

Funding: Operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC, under Contract No. DE-AC02- 07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
In a partnership with SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC) and Jefferson Lab, Fermilab will assemble and test 17 of the 35 total 1.3 GHz cryomodules for the Linac Coherent Light Source II (LCLS-II) Project. These include a prototype built and delivered by each Lab. Another two 3.9 GHz cryomodules will be built, tested and transported by Fermilab to SLAC. Each assembly will be transported over-the-road from Fermilab or Jefferson Lab using specific routes to SLAC. The transport system consists of a base frame, isolation fixture and upper protective truss. The strongback cryomodule lifting fixture is described along with other supporting equipment used for both over-the-road transport and local (on-site) transport at Fermilab. Initially, analysis of fragile components and stability studies will be performed in order to assess the risk associated with over-the-road transport of a fully assembled cryomodule.

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WEPMY003

Simulations of the Acceleration of Externally Injected Electrons in a Plasma Excited in the Linear Regime

electron, plasma, laser, experiment

2542

N. Delerue, C. Bruni, S. Jenzer
LAL, Orsay, France
S. Kazamias, B. Lucas, G. Maynard
Laboratoire de Physique des Gaz et des Plasmas, Universite Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
M. Pittman
CLUPS, Orsay, France

We have investigated numerically the coupling between a 10 \si{MeV} electron bunch of high charge (§I{> 100}{pc}) with a laser generated accelerating plasma wave. Our results show that a high efficiency coupling can be achieved using a §I{50}{TW}, §I{100}{μ \meter} wide laser beam, yielding accelerating field above §I{1}{ GV/m}. We propose an experiment where these predictions could be tested.

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WEPMY004

Development of an Injector and a Magnetic Transfer Line in the Framework of Cilex

laser, electron, plasma, dipole

2545

A. Chancé
CEA/DSM/IRFU, France
T. Audet, B. Cros, P. Lee, G. Maynard
Laboratoire de Physique des Gaz et des Plasmas, Universite Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
M. Bougeard, S. Dobosz-Dufrénoy, A. Maitrallain
CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
N. Delerue
LAL, Orsay, France
O. Delferrière, A. Mosnier, J. Schwindling
CEA/IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
P. Monot
CEA/DSM, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
A. Specka
LLR, Palaiseau, France

Funding: Investments for the Future program under reference ANR-10-EQPX-25, by the Triangle de la Physique under contract 2011-086TMULTIPLACCELE, 2012-032TELISA, and by the Labex PALM and P2IO.
Laser plasma accelerators (LPAs) have proven their capability to produce accelerating gradients three orders of magnitude higher than RF cavity-based accelerators. The present challenges of LPAs are to achieve the beam quality and stability required by users and to show the feasibility of plasma staging for high-energy applications. As one of the experiments planned at the PetaWatt laser APOLLON facility, currently under construction in France, aims at testing the two-stage scheme, a dedicated plasma injector which will be used as the first stage has been developed and tested at the UHI100 facility at CEA Saclay. The electron source, as well as the beam characterization line, will be presented and the first results will be discussed.

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WEPMY005

Upgrades of the Experimental Setup for Electron Beam Self-modulation Studies at PITZ

plasma, laser, electron, experiment

2548

M. Groß, J. Engel, G. Koss, O. Lishilin, G. Loisch, G. Pathak, S. Philipp, R. Schütze, F. Stephan
DESY Zeuthen, Zeuthen, Germany
R. Brinkmann, J. Osterhoff
DESY, Hamburg, Germany
F.J. Grüner
CFEL, Hamburg, Germany
F.J. Grüner
University of Hamburg, Institut für Experimentalphysik, Hamburg, Germany
D. Richter
HZB, Berlin, Germany
C.B. Schroeder
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA

The self-modulation instability is fundamental for the plasma wakefield acceleration experiment of the AWAKE collaboration at CERN where this effect is supposed to be used to generate proton bunches short enough for producing high acceleration fields. For ease of experimentation it was decided to set up a supporting experiment at the electron accelerator PITZ (Photo Injector Test facility at DESY, Zeuthen site), given that the underlying physics is the same. The goals are to demonstrate and investigate in detail the self-modulation of long electron beams. In 2015 a first set of experiments was conducted utilizing as key elements a novel cross-shaped lithium plasma cell and an ArF excimer laser for plasma generation. No self-modulation was observed yet because of various experimental shortcomings. The properties of the experimental setup were studied in detail and in this contribution we report about the upgrades which are projected to enable the observation of the self-modulation in the upcoming experimental run.

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WEPMY006

A High Transformer Ratio Scheme for PITZ PWFA Experiments

plasma, wakefield, laser, simulation

2551

G. Loisch, M. Groß, H. Huck, A. Oppelt, Y. Renier, F. Stephan
DESY Zeuthen, Zeuthen, Germany
A. Aschikhin, A. Martinez de la Ossa, J. Osterhoff
DESY, Hamburg, Germany
M. Hochberg, M. Sack
KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany

In the field of plasma wakefield acceleration (PWFA) significant progress has been made throughout the recent years. However, an important issue in building plasma based accelerators that provide particle bunches suitable for user applications will be a high transformer ratio, i.e. the ratio between maximum accelerating field in the witness and maximum decelerating fields in the driver bunch. The transformer ratio for symmetrical bunches in an overdense plasma is naturally limited to 2*. Theory and simulations show that this can be exceeded using asymmetrical bunches. Experimentally this was proven in RF-structures**, but not in PWFA. To study transformer ratios above this limit in the linear regime of a plasma wake, an experimental scheme tailored to the unique capabilities of the Photoinjector Test Facility Zeuthen PITZ, a 20-MeV electron accelerator at DESY, is being investigated. This includes analytical plasma wakefield calculations, numerical simulations of beam transport and plasma wakefields, as well as preparatory studies on the photocathode laser system and the plasma sources.
* K. L. F. Bane, P. B. Wilson and T. Weiland, AIP Conference Proceedings 127, p. 875, 1984
** C. Jing et al., Physical Review Letters 98, 144801, 2007

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WEPMY007

Plasma Density Profile Characterization for Resonant Plasma Wakefield Acceleration Experiment at SPARC_LAB

plasma, electron, laser, experiment

2554

F. Filippi
INFN-Roma1, Rome, Italy
M.P. Anania, A. Biagioni, E. Chiadroni, M. Ferrario
INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy
A. Cianchi
INFN-Roma II, Roma, Italy
F. Filippi, A. Giribono, A. Mostacci, L. Palumbo
University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
F. Filippi, A. Giribono, A. Mostacci, L. Palumbo
INFN-Roma, Roma, Italy
A. Giribono
University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
A. Zigler
The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Racah Institute of Physics, Jerusalem, Israel

New generation of particle accelerators is based on the excitation of large amplitude plasma waves driven by either electron or laser beams, named as Plasma Wakefield Accelerator (PWFA) and Laser Wakefield Accelerator (LWFA), respectively. Future experiments scheduled at the SPARC_LAB test facility aim to demonstrate the acceleration of externally injected high brightness electron beams through both schemes. In particular, in the so-called resonant PWFA a train of more than two driver electron bunches generated with the laser comb technique resonantly excites wakefields into the plasma, the last bunch (witness) is injected at the proper accelerating phase gaining energy from the wake. The quality of the accelerated beam depends strongly on plasma density and its distribution along the acceleration length. The desired density can be achieved with a correct shaping of the capillary in which plasma is formed. The measurements of plasma density, as well as other plasma characteristics, can be performed with spectroscopic measurements of the plasma self emitted light. The measurement of density distribution for hydrogen filled capillaries is here reported.

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WEPMY008

Towards Awake Applications: Electron Beam Acceleration in a Proton Driven Plasma Wake

plasma, electron, proton, wakefield

2557

E. Adli
University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway

The first phases of the AWAKE experiment will study the wake structure and the potential for electron acceleration in a self-modulated proton driver. In AWAKE Run 2, expected to start after the LHC Long Shut Down 2, electron beam acceleration will be studied. Using a single proton driver and a long acceleration stage, an electron bunch will be accelerated to high energies. Demonstrating beam quality preservation and scalable plasma sources will be a significant step towards using proton driven plasma for applications. We report on the plans and preparations for AWAKE Run 2.

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WEPMY009

Transverse Tolerances of a Multi-Stage Plasma Wakefield Accelerator

emittance, plasma, simulation, linear-collider

2561

C.A. Lindstrøm, E. Adli, J. Pfingstner
University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
E. Marín, D. Schulte
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Funding: This work is supported by the Research Council of Norway.
Plasma wakefield acceleration (PWFA) provides GeV/m-scale accelerating fields, ideal for applications such as a future linear collider. However, strong focusing fields imply that a transversely offset beam with an energy spread will experience emittance growth from the energy dependent betatron oscillation. We develop an analytic model for estimating tolerances from this effect, as well as an effective simplified simulation tool in Elegant. Estimations for a proposed 1 TeV PWFA linear collider scheme indicate tight tolerances of order 40 nm and 1 μrad in position and angle respectively.

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WEPMY011

Compact Laser Plasma Accelerator at Peking University

laser, plasma, electron, target

2569

L.R.F. Li, J.E. Chen, S.C. Gao, Y.X. Geng, Q. Liao, J B. Liu, H.Y. Lu, X.Q. Yan, Y.Y. Zhao, Y.Y. Zhu
PKU, Beijing, People's Republic of China
Y.R. Shou
Peking University, School of Physics, Beijing, People's Republic of China

A brand new and solely accelerator based on the interaction physics of high intensity ultrafast laser and plasmas, named Compact LAser Plasma Accelerator (CLAPA), was recently built. The laser system can deliver 5J/25fs @ 800nm pulses with contrast of 10^-10. Experiments on electron acceleration is scheduled with the regime of laser wakefield acceleration. The charge and the energy spread of the accelerated electron beams will be concerned mainly. The experiments is planned with gas targets with single and dual stages. For the single stage acceleration, we will try density ramp injection and a loose focusing for a monoenergetic electron beam with more charge for some applications. With the PIC simulations and new injection methods, it is expected to generate GeV/tens pC electron beam with an energy spread of <1%. For the two stage cascaded acceleration, we will focus on the staged acceleration and control of the injection of the second stage, as well as the acceleration length of the second stage by manipulating the parameters of the gas target as well as the laser itself. The far future goal of the second plan is to develop a designable and applicable accelerators.
* W.Lu, Phys. Rev.ST Accel. Beams 10.061301 （2007）
** J. Faure, Nature 431, 541 (2004)
***J.S. Liu, Phys. Rev. Lett 107, 035001 (2011)

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WEPMY014

Feasibility Study of a Laser-Driven High Energy Electron Acceleration in a Long Up-Ramp Density

electron, plasma, laser, simulation

2576

M. Kim, J. Kim, S.W. Lee, I.H. Nam, H. Suk
GIST, Gwangju, Republic of Korea

Laser-driven wakefield acceleration (LWFA) has received much attention as it can produce GeV-level high-energy electrons in cm-scale distance*. However, the accelerated electron energies are still limited by several factors, especially by the dephasing problem that is caused by different velocities between the plasma wake wave and the accelerated electron beam. In order to increase the acceleration length restricted by the dephasing problem**, we developed a gas-cell with density-tapering, which is realized by applying different gas pressures into two gas inlets in the gas cell. In this way, the gas density and gradient can be easily controlled in the gas cell. We used the density-tapered gas-cell for laser wakefield acceleration experiments in our laboratory with a 20 TW/40 fs Ti:sapphire laser system***. The results show that the electron energy can be significantly enhanced (about twice) with the tapered density gas-cell, compared with a uniform density conventional gas-cell. In this presentation, we show the experimental results and comparison with two-dimensional (2-D) particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation results.
* W. P. Leemans et al. Phy. Rev. Lett. 113, 245002 (2014).
** M. S. Kim et al. Appl. Phy. Lett. 102, 204103 (2013).
*** I. H. Nam et al. Curr. Appl. Phy. 15, 468 (2015).

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WEPMY015

Numerical Studies on Tunable Coherent Radiations with a Laser-Plasma Accelerator

electron, plasma, laser, radiation

2579

J. Kim, M. Kim, I.H. Nam, H. Suk
GIST, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
M.S. Hur
UNIST, Ulsan, Republic of Korea

Generation of tunable coherent radiation is numerically investigated via the two-dimensional particle-in-cell (2D-PIC) code developed by UNIST* and SIMPLEX developed by Spring-8. The electron beams can be produced by the laser-driven wakefield acceleration technique. The electron beam energy can be easily adjusted between 450 MeV and 800 MeV with a tapered density plasma on the order of 1×10¹⁸ cm^-3 while the driving laser power is fixed, and the high-energy electron beams can be sent through the undulator arrays for the coherent light emission. The energy-controllable electron bunches can provide an opportunity to control the radiation wave-length with the fixed gap undulators. For the tapered density profile, a capillary cell with two gas inlets can be used. In this paper, we show some simulation and numerical research results regarding these issues, which reveal the possibility for a tunable light source in the soft X-ray regime.
* M. S. Hur, H. Suk, Phys. Plasmas 18 033102 (2011).

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WEPOY010

Bunch Compression at the Recirculation Loop of the Compact ERL

simulation, linac, optics, electron

3008

M. Shimada, K. Harada, Y. Honda, T. Miyajima, N. Nakamura, T. Obina, R. Takai, A. Ueda
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

The compact Energy Recovery Linac (cERL) has been operated as a test facility for the future light-source since 2013. One of the targets of the beam commissioning of this winter is demonstration of bunch compression. The bunch has energy chirp in longitudinal direction by off crest acceleration and the bunch length is compressed in non-isochronous arc section. The short electron bunch is spread in the return arc to suppress the energy spread at the main beam dump. Four sextupole magnets were installed in two arcs in November 2015 to correct the squared term induced by RF curvature. The best position was determined by the beam tracking by elegant including Coherent Synchrotron Radiation (CSR) wake. The bunch length is measured by OTR in the south straight section just after the first arc. We present the demonstration of the bunch compression in this report.

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WEPOY025

High Power RF Generation From a W-Band Corrugated Structure Excited by a Train of Electron Bunches

wakefield, electron, experiment, simulation

3040

D. Wang, C.-X. Tang
TUB, Beijing, People's Republic of China
S.P. Antipov, C.-J. Jing, J.Q. Qiu
Euclid TechLabs, LLC, Solon, Ohio, USA
M.E. Conde, D.S. Doran, W. Gai, G. Ha, G. Ha, W. Liu, J.G. Power, E.E. Wisniewski
ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA
V.A. Dolgashev
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA

We report on the generation of multi-megawatt peak RF power at 91textGHz, using an ultrarelativistic electron bunch train to excite electromagnetic fields in a high-impedance metallic corrugated structure. This device can be used as a power source for high gradient acceleration of electrons. To achieve precise control of the wakefield phase, a long range wakefield interferometry method was developed in which the RF energy due to the interference of the wakefields from two bunches was measured as a function of the bunch separation.

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reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-WEPOY025

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THPPA01

Demonstration of the Hollow Channel Plasma Wakefield Accelerator

plasma, positron, laser, wakefield

3202

S.J. Gessner, J.M. Allen, C.I. Clarke, J.-P. Delahaye, J.T. Frederico, S.Z. Green, C. Hast, M.J. Hogan, N. Lipkowitz, M.D. Litos, B.D. O'Shea, D.R. Walz, V. Yakimenko, G. Yocky
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
E. Adli, C.A. Lindstrøm
University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
W. An, C.E. Clayton, C. Joshi, K.A. Marsh, W.B. Mori, N. Vafaei-Najafabadi
UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
S. Corde, A. Doche
LOA, Palaiseau, France
W. Lu
TUB, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Funding: Work supported by DOE contract DE-AC02-76SF00515.
Over the past decade, there has been enormous progress in the field of beam and laser-driven plasma acceleration of electron beams. However, in order for plasma wakefield acceleration to be useful for a high-energy e⁺e^- collider, we need a technique for accelerating positrons in plasma as well. This is a unique challenge, because the plasma responds differently to electron and positron beams, with plasma electrons being pulled through the positron beam and creating a non-linear focusing force. Here, we demonstrate a technique called hollow channel acceleration that symmetrizes the wakefield response to beams of either charge. Using a transversely shaped laser pulse, we create an annular plasma with a fixed radius of 200 μm. We observe the acceleration of a positron bunch with energies up to 33.4 MeV in a 25 cm long channel, indicating an effective gradient greater than 100 MeV/m. This is the first demonstration of a technique that way be used for staged acceleration of positron beams in plasma.

Slides THPPA01 [5.647 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-THPPA01

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THPMB010

Dogleg Design for the SINBAD Linac

electron, dipole, linac, emittance

3244

J. Zhu, R.W. Aßmann, U. Dorda, B. Marchetti
DESY, Hamburg, Germany
R. Rossmanith
KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany

The SINBAD facility (Short and INnovative Bunches and Accelerators at DESY) is foreseen to provide sub-fs to tens of fs electron bunches for the R&D of novel acceleration concepts and applications, e.g. Laser Wake-Field Acceleration (LWFA), Dielectric Laser Acceleration (DLA) and medical imaging. We present the design study of the dogleg at the SINBAD linac, which is capable of delivering ultra-short bunches to the second beamline. The longitudinal dispersion of the dogleg can be finely tuned so that it can either transport the ultra-short bunch produced upstream by velocity bunching, or compress the incoming long bunch. The achievable beam parameters are investigated by start-to-end simulations.

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reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-THPMB010

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THPMB028

Beam Optics of 180-degree Bending Section including a Charge Stripper

simulation, linac, optics, sextupole

3291

J.-H. Jang, H. Jin, J. Song
IBS, Daejeon, Republic of Korea

Funding: This work was supported by the Rare Isotope Science Project of Institute for Basic Science funded by Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning and National Research Foundation of Korea.
The linac of RISP (Rare Isotope Science Project) includes a charge stripper to obtain better acceleration efficiency. It is located after the lower energy part of the superconducting linac which accelerates 2 charge states, 33 and 34 of uranium beams to about 18 MeV/u. After the charge stripper, 5 charge states around 79 are selected and transported into the higher energy part of the linac through a 180-degree bending section. This work focused on the charge stripper effects on the beam optics in the bending section.

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reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-THPMB028

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THPMB029

Simultaneous Two Beam Acceleration Lattice Design Study for the Post Linear Accelerator of RISP

lattice, ion, emittance, simulation

3294

S.W. Jang
KNU, Deagu, Republic of Korea
E.-S. Kim
Korea University Sejong Campus, Sejong, Republic of Korea

The Rare Isotope Science Project, RISP, is the research complex by using heavy ion accelerator, which RISP research complex consists of front-end system, super conducting linear accelerator(SCL), ISOL system, In-fight system. The original purpose of post linear accelerator was for the alternative acceleration of stable driver beam from ECR ion source and unstable rare isotope beam from ISOL system. The new concept of acceleration method by using post accelerator lattice was studied to get more benefits. The idea was the simultaneous acceleration of stable driver beam and RI beam by using the average A/q value of post accelerator lattice. For the simultaneous two beam acceleration study, we used two ion beams the first one was 58Ni+8 and the other one was 132Sn+20. The beam dynamics simulation was performed by TRACK and TraceWin codes. In this poster, we will describe the results of beam dynamics study for the simultaneous two beam acceleration of the post linear accelerator of RISP.

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THPMB032

Design Study and Multi-particle Tracking Simulation of the IH-DTL with KONUS Beam Dynamics for KHIMA Project

DTL, simulation, quadrupole, emittance

3299

Y. Lee, E.-S. Kim
Korea University Sejong Campus, Sejong, Republic of Korea
G. Hahn
KIRAMS, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Z. Li
SCU, Chengdu, People's Republic of China

The Korea Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator (KHIMA) project of the Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (KIRAMS) has developed heavy ion medical accelerator. The injector system of the accelerator for the KHIMA project is composed of a low energy beam transport line (LEBT), radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ), interdigit H-mode drift tube linac (IH-DTL), and medium energy beam transport line (MEBT). The IH-DTL is designed with KONUS beam dynamics, and KONUS indicates a combined 0˚ structure. Optimization aims are to increase the quality of the beam and to reduce the beam loss. KONUS beam dynamics design and multi-particle tracking simulations of the IH-DTL with LORASR and TraceWIN code are performed.

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THPMB046

Status and Plans for Completion of the Experimental Programme of the Clic Test Facility Ctf3

controls, linac, emittance, operation

3347

P.K. Skowroński, R. Corsini, S. Döbert, W. Farabolini, D. Gamba, L. Malina, T. Persson, F. Tecker
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
W. Farabolini
CEA/DSM/IRFU, France
D. Gamba
JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom

The CLIC Test Facility CTF3 was build, commissioned and operated at CERN by an international collaboration, with the aim of validating the CLIC two beam acceleration scheme, in which the RF power used to accelerate e⁺/e⁻ beams is extracted from a high intensity electron beam. In the past years the main issues of such a scheme were assessed, demonstrating its feasibility. The CTF3 experimental programme is complementing these results by addressing cost and performance subjects, mainly using the CALIFES test beam injector and a full scale two-beam module. In this paper we document the present status and give an outlook to next year run, when the experimental programme should be completed.

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THPMR025

Simulation of Beam Behavior Caused by Odd Harmonics of Beam Loading in J-PARC RCS

beam-loading, simulation, cavity, resonance

3443

M. Yamamoto, M. Nomura, T. Shimada, F. Tamura
JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan
K. Hara, K. Hasegawa, C. Ohmori, M. Toda, M. Yoshii
KEK, Tokai, Ibaraki, Japan

The J-PARC RCS accelerates 2 bunches at the harmonic number 2. The major Fourier component of the beam current is even harmonics. However, the odd harmonics grow under some conditions even though they are very small amplitude at the beginning. We describe the the particle tracking simulation results for the odd harmonic beam loading effect in the RCS.

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THPMW002

Power Supplies for Main Magnet of J-PARC Main Ring

power-supply, controls, experiment, extraction

3534

S. Nakamura, Y. Kurimoto, Y. Morita, T. Shimogawa
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

A large magnetic field ripple of the order of 10^-2 were observed at the first beam commissioning of J-PARC main ring in 2008, To eliminate the ripple, we had improved the magnet power supplies by reconstructing a trap-filter of 600 Hz and adopting an additional DCCT. We made differencial circuit and symmetrical wiring for all magnets. On the other hand, acceleration period was reduced from 2.5 s to 1.4 s for increasing the beam power with feedforward control. We summarize the improvements of the magnet power supplies in this paper.

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reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-THPMW002

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THPOR040

Emittance Growth by Misalignments and Jitters in SuperKEKB Injector Linac

emittance, linac, quadrupole, simulation

3871

Y. Seimiya, Y. Enomoto, K. Furukawa, T. Higo, T. Kamitani, F. Miyahara, Y. Ohnishi, M. Satoh, T. Suwada, M. Tanaka
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

Funding: This work was partly supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 16K17545.
SuperKEKB injector linac have to transport high-charged beam with low emittance to SuperKEKB ring for high luminosity, 8¥times10³⁵. For the low emittance, photocathode RF gun was adopted as electron source. One of the main reason of the beam emittance blow-up electron linac is generally induced by wakefield in acceleration cavities. A charged beam with a offset from a center of a cavity is affected by the wakefield depending on the offset size in the acceleration cavity and the beam emittance is increased. This emittance blow-up can be eliminated by appropriate steering magnet control so as to cancel the wake effect in the acceleration cavity. We perform particle tracking simulation with some misalignments and beam jitter. Emittance growth by the misalignments and the beam jitter is evaluated in this report.

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reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-THPOR040

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THPOW056

Fiber Laser Development for Dielectric Laser-driven Accelerator and Electron Beam Source

laser, electron, target, radiation

4070

H. Okamoto, S. Otsuki
The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
K. Koyama, M. Uesaka
The University of Tokyo, Nuclear Professional School, Ibaraki-ken, Japan
D. Satoh, T. Shibuya
TIT, Tokyo, Japan
M. Yoshida
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

Our group is aiming for developing a table-top electronμbeam source, whose beam size is micro-meter order so that we can irradiate just the nuclei of cells (1μm) and observe the behavior in real time. This beam source will be realized by dielectric laser-driven accelerators(DLAs), which is expected to produce acceleration gradients of ~GV/m. To drive these accelerators, ultra-short pulse laser has to be incident to the structure*. We chose Ytterbium (Yb) fiber laser for generating and amplifying ultra-short laser pulse, which has high quantum efficiency and can easily pumped by LD, and is proper to produce ultra-short pulses because of its wide-band oscillation. We succeeded in getting ultra-short pulse (central wavelength: {1030} nm, average output: 10 W, pulse duration: ~10 ps, reputation rate: 84 MHz) from Yb fiber laser system. Also in order to make electron bunch by photo cathode, we then converted the obtained IR laser to UV of 258 nm (4ω) using BBO and LBO crystals. We are planning to amplify the pulses by Yb:YAG in future, which has its amplification band in {1030} nm.
* K. Koyama el al., "Design Of Photonic Crystal Accelerator For Radiation Biology," IPAC'12 Proceedings (2014)

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FRXCB01

Two Beam Wakefield Acceleration at Argonne Wakefield Accelerator Facility

wakefield, experiment, electron, laser

4258

W. Gai
ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA

Structure based wakefield acceleration provides a viable approach capable of accelerating a sufficient electrons and positrons in a substantially high graident needed to meet the luminosity, efficiency, and cost requirements of a future linear collider. The short pulse Two Beam wakefield Acceleration (TBA) studied at the Argonne Wakefield Accelerator Facility is aimed to pave the way toward the next linear collider. Here we present the latest results including the 100MeV/m of the single stage TBA and the staged TBA in which a 0.5nC bunch gained equal amount of energy in two stages (~2.4 MeV per stage, corresponding to an average acceleration gradient ~70 MeV/m). The technique is scalable to a staged-acceleration at 200-300MeV/m by using a GeV-scale drive beam. Such a development will considerably reduce both cost and footprint of a future high-energy physics collider as well as future X-Ray light source.

Slides FRXCB01 [11.937 MB]

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