Keyword: electron
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TUY01 Status and Perspectives of the VEPP-2000 Complex luminosity, positron, collider, injection 6
 
  • Yu. A. Rogovsky, D.E. Berkaev, A.S. Kasaev, I. Koop, A.N. Kyrpotin, A.P. Lysenko, E. Perevedentsev, V.P. Prosvetov, A.L. Romanov, A.I. Senchenko, P.Yu. Shatunov, Y.M. Shatunov, D.B. Shwartz, A.N. Skrinsky, I.M. Zemlyansky, Yu.M. Zharinov
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
  • Yu. A. Rogovsky
    NSU, Novosibirsk, Russia
  
  The VEPP-2000 is a modern electron-positron collider at BINP. Last season in 2012–2013 was dedicated to the energy range of 160520 MeV per beam. The application of round colliding beams concept along with the accurate orbit and lattice correction yielded the high peak luminosity of 1.21031 cm-2s−1 at 500 MeV with average luminosity of 0.91031 cm-2s−1 per run. The peak luminosity limited only by beam-beam effects, while average luminosity – by present lack of positrons in whole energy range of 1601000 MeV. To perform high luminosity at high energies with small dead time the top-up injection is needed. At present new electron and positron injection complex at BINP is commissioned and ready to feed VEPP-2000 collider with intensive beams with energy of 450 MeV. Last calendar 2014 year was dedicated to the full/partial upgrade of complex's main parts.  
slides icon Slides TUY01 [4.152 MB]  
 
TUY02 Status of Injection Complex VEPP-5 injection, damping, positron, closed-orbit 11
 
  • A.A. Starostenko
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
  • A.A. Starostenko
    NSU, Novosibirsk, Russia
  
  The status of Injection complex VEPP-5 commissioning are presented.  
slides icon Slides TUY02 [1.386 MB]  
 
TUCA01 Commissioning 2 MeV Cooler in COSY and Novosibirsk proton, ion, experiment, vacuum 14
 
  • V.B. Reva, M.I. Bryzgunov, A.V. Bubley, A.D. Goncharov, V.M. Panasyuk, V.V. Parkhomchuk
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
  • J. Dietrich
    HIM, Mainz, Germany
  • V. Kamerdzhiev
    FZJ, Jülich, Germany
  • V.B. Reva
    NSU, Novosibirsk, Russia
  
  The 2 MeV electron cooling system for COSY-Julich was proposed to further boost the luminosity in presence of strong heating effects of high-density internal targets. The 2 MeV cooler is also well suited in the start up phase of the High Energy Storage Ring (HESR) at FAIR in Darmstadt. It can be used for beam cooling at injection energy and for testing new features of the high energy electron cooler for HESR. The COSY cooler is designed on the classic scheme of low energy coolers like cooler CSRm, CSRe, LEIR that was produced in BINP before. The electron beam is transported inside the longitudinal magnetic field along whole trajectory from an electron gun to a collector. The 2 MeV electron cooler was installed in the COSY ring in the spring 2013. Electron beam commissioning and first studies using proton and deuteron beams were carried out. Electron cooling of proton beam up to 1662 MeV kinetic energy was demonstrated. Maximum electron beam energy achieved so far amounted to 1.25 MeV. Voltage up to 1.4 MV was demonstrated. The cooler was operated with electron current up to 0.5 A.  
slides icon Slides TUCA01 [2.066 MB]  
 
TUCA02 On the Way to a Relativistic Electron Cooler solenoid, high-voltage, power-supply, collider 17
 
  • J. Dietrich
    DELTA, Dortmund, Germany
  • K. Aulenbacher, M.W. Bruker, A. Hofmann
    HIM, Mainz, Germany
  • M.I. Bryzgunov, V.V. Parkhomchuk, V.B. Reva
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
  • V. Kamerdzhiev
    FZJ, Jülich, Germany
  
  A 4-8 MeV relativistic electron cooling system for the HESR storage ring, which is part of the future GSI facility FAIR, is needed to further boost the luminosity even with strong heating effects of high-density internal targets. In addition, the upgrade to 8 MeV of the relativistic electron cooler is essential for the future Electron Nucleon Collider (ENC at FAIR) project. Using the experience of the 2 MeV electron cooler at COSY, which has the highest energy of all coolers that were made based on the idea of magnetized cooling and transport of the electron beam up to now, a new concept for powering the solenoids at high voltage is proposed.  
slides icon Slides TUCA02 [1.295 MB]  
 
TUCA04 Mechanism of Compression of Positron Clouds in the Surko Trap of the LEPTA Facility positron, plasma, accumulation, resonance 20
 
  • M.K. Eseev, E.V. Ahmanova, A.G. Kobets, I.N. Meshkov, O. Orlov, A.A. Sidorin, S. Yakovenko
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  • M.K. Eseev
    NAFU, Arkhangelsk, Russia
  • A.G. Kobets
    IERT, Kharkov, Ukraine
  
  Results from experimental studies of plasma storage in the Surko trap at the LEPTA facility are presented. The number of stored particles is found to increase substantially when using the socalled "rotating wall" method, in which a transverse rotating electric field generated by a cylindrical segmented electrode cut into four pairs is applied to the positrons storage region. The conditions of transverse compression of the plasma bunch under the action of the rotating field and buffer gas are studied. The optimal storage parameters are determined for these experimental conditions. Mechanisms of the action of the rotating field and buffer gas on the process of positron clouds storage are presented.  
 
TUZ01 Particle and Accelerator Physics at the VEPP-4M Collider experiment, positron, collider, photon 29
 
  • V.A. Kiselev
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
  
  VEPP-4M electron-positron collider is now operating with KEDR detector for high-energy physics experiments in the 1.5−4.0 GeV beam energy range to study of hadrons production in continuum and for precise measurement of the R constant. Parallel with these experiments, the VEPP-4M scientific team carries out a number of accelerator physics investigations. Here are some of them: stabilization of the guide field of VEPP-4M with an accuracy of 10-6 using a special feedback system, development of the method of RF orbit separation of electron and positron beams in VEPP-4M instead of usual electrostatic orbit separation for experiment to test CPT-theorem, finding ways to increase luminosity of VEPP-4M. The paper discusses the recent results, present status and perspective plans of the facility.  
slides icon Slides TUZ01 [2.012 MB]  
 
TUPSA02 Superconducting Unclosed Shields in High Energy Physics solenoid, dipole, booster, experiment 39
 
  • E.A. Kulikov, G.L. Dorofeev, V.M. Drobin
    JINR/VBLHEP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
  • H. Malinowski, A.V. Smirnov
    JINR, Dubna, Russia
  
  This paper presents the experimental and theoretical results of studying the unclosed shields made from LTS (low temperature superconductor) and HTS (high temperature superconductor) materials to obtain a homogeneous magnetic field in solenoids. There is a comparison of LTS and HTS shields,the construction peculiarities are described. HTS shield was proposed to obtain the required magnetic field homogeneity (about 10-5) in the 6 meters length solenoid of the electron cooling section which will be installed in the heavy ion collider of the NICA project (JINR, Russia).  
 
TUPSA04 Operating Frequency and Accelerating Structure Geometry Chose for the Travelling Wave Compact Electron Linear Accelerator coupling, impedance, linac 42
 
  • E.A. Savin, I.D. Sokolov
    MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
  
  For the compact electron linear accelerating structure based on the hybrid scheme which consists from SW biperiodic structure buncher and TW DLS with magnetic couple TW accelerating part, the best option for the operating frequency and cells geometry has been chosen. Comparative calculations for the DLS cells with magnetic couple and without it, on the different operating frequencies and with the different couple coefficient were carried out. The best option will be manufactured, measured and used in the accelerator structure.  
 
TUPSA05 Three Electrode Electron Gun with the Decreased Anode Voltage Geometry Optimization cathode, gun, controls 45
 
  • E.A. Savin, S.V. Matsievskiy, N.P. Sobenin
    MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
  
  Three electrode gun, consisting of spherical cathode, control electrode and anode, has been designed. Anode potential was varying between 30 kV and 50 kV. For the each potential the control electrode potential has been chosen to achieve the smallest beam crossover in the middle of the first accelerator cell. Calculations was based on the model of the already existing gun – electron injector in the linear accelerator. Then all calculations for the different anode voltages has been repeated for the biger cathode, that means – different cathode electrode geometry. The result to use in the further accelerator calculations has been achieved.  
 
TUPSA06 Beam Dynamics Calculation in the Induction Linear Accelerator cathode, solenoid, acceleration, simulation 48
 
  • E.A. Savin
    MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
  • A.A. Zavadtsev
    Nano, Moscow, Russia
  
  The geometry of the induction electron accelerator, which will be used for high current acceleration, has been calculated. For the different currents values the optimum focusing magnetic field and has been obtained. Also a current in the compensative coil near the cathode has been calculated. The cathode electrode geometry was changing to achieve minimum beam oscillations during the acceleration.  
 
TUPSA09 Beam Dynamics Calculations in the Multi-Beam Generator Cavity cavity, controls, impedance, klystron 54
 
  • E.A. Savin, S.V. Matsievskiy, N.P. Sobenin
    MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
  • A.A. Zavadtsev
    Nano, Moscow, Russia
  
  In the previously designed, calculated and tuned structure of the compact generator-cavity the beam dynamics for the different geometry options has been calculated. The influence of injected beam parameters to the output power value has been overviewed. Also the geometry of the beam tubes and couple coefficient between cavity and the output waveguide has been optimized to reach the maximum output power value.  
 
TUPSA14 Mathematical Optimization Model of Longitudinal Beam Dynamics in Klystron-Type Buncher controls, klystron, bunching, experiment 66
 
  • I.D. Rubtsova
    St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
  
  The paper presents recurrent integral-differential beam evolution model. This model is convenient for mathematical description of specific dynamic processes with due account of particle interaction and electric fields excitation by moving beam. On the basis of this model the problem of beam dynamics optimization is formalized as trajectory ensemble control problem. Analytical expression for quality functional gradient is obtained. Theoretical results are applied for solving problem of beam dynamics optimization in klystron-type buncher.  
 
TUPSA16 Electron Gun with Adiabatic Plasma Lens plasma, gun, cathode, focusing 72
 
  • A.A. Drozdovsky, A.V. Bogdanov, S.A. Drozdovsky, R. Gavrilin, A. Golubev, I. Roudskoy, S.M. Savin, V.V. Yanenko
    ITEP, Moscow, Russia
  
  Funding: This work supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant № 12-02-00866-а)
For researches on plasma physics has been designed and constructed the electronic gun with the cold cathode on energy about 250 keV. The electron beam have the parameters: time width of pulses 100 ns, current amplitude 100 A. The adiabatic plasma lens is used to reduce the beam size to the demanded value. The results of tests are presented. 		 
 
TUPSA23 LEPTA - the Facility for Fundamental and Applied Research positron, vacuum, injection, focusing 83
 
  • E.V. Ahmanova, V.M. Drobin, P. Horodek, A.G. Kobets, I.N. Meshkov, O. Orlov, A.Yu. Rudakov, V.V. Seleznev, A.A. Sidorin, S. Yakovenko
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  • M.K. Eseev
    NAFU, Arkhangelsk, Russia
  
  Storage ring of LEPTA facility was commissioned in September 2004 and was under development up to now. The positron injector has been constructed in 2005-2010, and beam transfer channel – in 2011. By the end of August 2011 experiments on electron and positron injection into the ring have been started. The last results are presented in this report: studies of e+/e− dynamics in trap, e+ beam in the ring, LEPTA upgrade (vacuum, e+ source with cryocooler), Channel for PAS.  
 
TUPSA24 Project of Electron Cooler for NICA Collider high-voltage, collider, solenoid, acceleration 85
 
  • A.A. Sidorin, E.V. Ahmanova, A.G. Kobets, I.N. Meshkov, O. Orlov, A.Yu. Rudakov, V.I. Shokin
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  • A.G. Kobets
    IERT, Kharkov, Ukraine
  • I.N. Meshkov
    JINR/DLNP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
  
  Electron cooling system (ECS) of the NICA collider is designed to form the required parameters of the ion beam at energy of the experiment in the range of 1 - 4.5 GeV/amu that requires energy cooling electrons from 0.5 to 2.5 MeV. To achieve the required energy of the electrons all elements of ECS are placed in tanks filled with sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) under pressure of 6 atm. For testing items ECS elements the test bench "Recuperator" is used. This paper presents the results of testing the prototype elements of the ECS and the first results of technical design of ECS.  
 
TUPSA25 Acceleration of the Oppositely Charged Particles in the Single Stream ion, acceleration, heavy-ion, plasma 88
 
  • A.S. Chikhachev
    Allrussian Electrotechnical Institute, Moskow, Russia
  
  One of the problems arising at extraction of heavy ions from plasma is removal of electrons from a stream of particles. Therefore possibility of simultaneous acceleration in one direction as ions (electric field), and electrons (pressure gradient) is represented rather interesting. In work when using the hydrodynamic description in the accelerating interval conditions of cold ions and hot electrons are studied. Possibility of excess by ions of speed of an ionic sound is shown, and the ratio of sizes of streams of be any.  
 
TUPSA37 Measurement of the Spatial Distribution of Gamma Radiation at Tandem Accelerator with Vacuum Insulation radiation, vacuum, detector, proton 116
 
  • I.M. Shchudlo, D.A. Kasatov, A.N. Makarov, S.Yu. Taskaev
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
  
  In BINP the source of epithermal neutrons for BNCT based on the tandem accelerator with vacuum insulation and a lithium target was created and operates. The paper presents the study of the spatial distribution of the X-ray emission produced by the interaction of accelerated electrons with the materials of construction of the accelerator.  
 
WECA06 Extended Scope of Application of Industrial ELV Accelerator high-voltage, radiation, controls, vacuum 137
 
  • D.A. Kogut, S. Fadeev, N.K. Kuksanov, P.I. Nemytov, R.A. Salimov
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
  
  ELV accelerators is a D.C. machines. They were designed and manufactured by Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Science. These machines are well known in the world. They are operating from Germany in West to Indonesia and Malaysia in East. Main application of these accelerators is the treatment of polymers. Accelerators for the polymer treatment are equipped with the foil window extraction device. Some kinds of ELV accelerators were equipped with the device for focused beam extraction into atmosphere. It allows the treatment of material with a high beam power density under atmosphere pressure. New development of ELV accelerators is concerning the low energy range and design of self-shielded accelerators. There are the set of self-shielded accelerators. The lowest energy is 150 - 200 kV. These machines are unified with usual ELV accelerators and extend their application area.  
slides icon Slides WECA06 [0.690 MB]  
 
WECA07 LIA-2 and BIM Accelerators as Part of Radiographic Complex at RFNC-VNIITF betatron, radiation, operation, target 140
 
  • A.R. Akhmetov, S.D. Hrenkov, P.A. Kolesnikov, E.O. Kovalev, O.A. Nikitin, D.S. Smirnov
    RFNC-VNIITF, Snezhinsk, Chelyabinsk region, Russia
  
  The regime of joint operation of LIA-2 and two betatrons in radiographic experiments is described. The brief review of main characteristics for all three used accelerators are presented.  
 
WECA08 Main Parameters and Operational Experience with New Generation of Electron Accelerators for Radiography and Cargo Inspection controls, target, operation, klystron 143
 
  • A.N. Ermakov, B.S. Ishkanov
    MSU, Moscow, Russia
  • A.S. Alimov, A.N. Kamanin, V.V. Khankin, N.I. Pakhomov, V.G. Sayapin, N.V. Shvedunov, V.I. Shvedunov, D.S. Yurov
    M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow, Russia
  • I.A. Frejdovich, V.V. Klementiev, S.V. Lamonov, Yu.N. Pavshenko, I.V. Shvedunov, A.S. Simonov
    Federal State Unitary Enterprise, Laboratory of Electron Accelerators MSU, Ltd, Moscow, Russia
  • L.Yu. Ovchinnikova, I.Yu. Vladimirov
    Laboratory of Electron Accelerators MSU, Ltd, Physics Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
  
  We describe main parameters and operational experience with new generation of electron accelerators for radiography and cargo inspection developed with participation of scientists, engineers and technologists from Lomonosov Moscow State University and "Research and Production Enterprise "Toriy". Two accelerators are described: accelerator for radiography UELR-8-2D with beam energy regulated in the range 3-8 MeV and dose rate from 0.5 to 15 Gy/min and accelerator for cargo inspection UELR-6-1-D-4-01 with pulse to pulse energy switching between 3.5 and 6 MeV, with repetition rate 400 Hz and dose rate 4 Gy/min. Both accelerators use klystron as an RF source, which is fed by solid state modulator.  
slides icon Slides WECA08 [0.331 MB]  
 
WEPSB02 Modernization the Modulators Klystrons Accelerating Stand of the Electron Linear Accelerator LINAC-800 controls, klystron, undulator, interface 157
 
  • V. Kobets
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  
  The report discusses the modernization of the modulators klystrons of the first and second accelerating stations of the acceleration stand on the basis of an electron linear accelerator LINAC-800. Results of the analysis of the modulators to determine the conditions of modernization and upgrading. The presented results of work new modulators.  
 
WEPSB06 The Optimization of the Buncher at 145.2 MHz to Reduce Multipactor Effect cavity, simulation, injection, beam-transport 166
 
  • M. Gusarova, T. Kulevoy, I.I. Petrushina, A.S. Plastun, S.M. Polozov
    MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
  • T. Kulevoy, A.S. Plastun
    ITEP, Moscow, Russia
  
  The results of the optimization of the cavity of the single gap buncher at 145.2 MHz to reduce multipacting effect are presented. Resonant voltages, impact energies and corresponding particle trajectories are obtained. The variants of design to reduce multipacting effect are considered.  
 
WEPSB07 MultP-M Code Geometry Import Module Performance Optimization simulation, multipactoring, interface, operation 169
 
  • M. Gusarova, S. Khudyakov, M.V. Lalayan
    MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
  
  The new possibilities of three-dimensional modeling program multipactor MultP-M are presented. On an example, consider an increase in the speed and accuracy of the calculation using a new algorithm for calculating the use of loading geometry format STL.  
 
WEPSB08 Multi-beam Generator Cavity for the Proton Linear Accelerator Feeding System on 991 MHz Frequency Geometry Optimization cavity, coupling, impedance, proton 171
 
  • E.A. Savin, S.V. Matsievskiy, N.P. Sobenin
    MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
  • A.A. Zavadtsev
    Nano, Moscow, Russia
  
  For the proton linear accelerator feeding system 800 kW input power value is required. The system consists from pillbox cavity with six beam tubes connected to the rectangular waveguide as a power output system is designed. In case of using high voltage gun with modulated six-bunch injection, this system allows to transform the energy of electron bunches which flies throw beam tubes to accelerating section feeding power. Different types of the structure geometry were calculated. The whole structure consists both from generator cavity and accelerating structure has been designed.  
 
WEPSB15 The Utilization of Standard DC Accelerator ELV for The Tomography radiation, cathode, high-voltage, controls 186
 
  • E.V. Domarov, K.A. Bryazgin, S. Fadeev, D.A. Kogut, N.K. Kuksanov, P.I. Nemytov, R.A. Salimov
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
  
  ELV accelerators have been developed at the Institute of Nuclear Physics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences and occupy a special place in the spectrum of the equipment produced by the Institute. These machines are widely used for radiation modification of polymers and worked well in a variety of processes in many countries of the Eurasian continent. Using serial ELV accelerators for industrial tomography opens up new possibilities for industrial technologies. This increases the requirements on the stability parameters of the injected electron beam. The article formulates the requirements for electron accelerator ELV for tomographic studies, pulsation energy and beam current. Described Schottky effect affects to the shape and size of the ripple current, and the method for increasing the stability of the beam parameters. These machines are unified with conventional accelerators ELV and expand the scope of their utilization.  
 
WEPSB30 The Compact Induction Accelerator of Electrons for Radiation Technologies induction, dipole, focusing, acceleration 226
 
  • G. Dolbilov
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  
  The electron accelerator with energy <10 MEV uses a rectangular pulse of the accelerating induction voltage and a trapezoidal pulse of a leading magnetic field. For preservation of radius of an equilibrium orbit to constants special ratios between amplitude-time characteristics of a magnetic induction and the accelerating voltage of inductors are carried out. The accelerator contains alternating-sign focusing in dipole magnets and rectilinear accelerator parts. Total cross-section of inductors of accelerating section is equal to S=WL/Bc, (W-energy of electrons, L-perimeter of an orbit, B<2Bs, Bs-индукция of saturation of inductors, c - velocity of light)  
 
WEPSB32 Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy at LEPTA Facility positron, vacuum, background, scattering 231
 
  • P. Horodek, I.N. Meshkov
    JINR/DLNP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
  • A.G. Kobets, O. Orlov, A.A. Sidorin
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  
  Since 2009 year the LEPTA facility at Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna is operated with positron beam. Today it is developed into two directions. The first one is getting orthopositronium flux in flight. Slow positrons from 22Na source are accumulated in Surko trap and then are injected into the ring where they should overlap with electrons from the sigle-pass electron beam. In this way the flux of orthopositronium atoms will appear and will be observed in the process of registration of gamma quanta from annihilation process. The second group of works focuses on using the positron injector for Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy (PAS) applications. This method is dedicated to detection of structural defects as vacancies in the solid body lattice. The latest progress of this technique is strictly connected with measurements of PAS characteristics using positron beams. The progress in the LEPTA development, the first results obtained in the PAS, idea and actual state of works concerning the construction of the pulsed positron beam will be presented. The creation of pulsed positron beams is the modern tendency in the PAS domain. It allows to measure the lifetimes of annihilating positron in the depth ca. 1 mkm under the surface. It makes possible the identification of kind of defect.  
 
WEPSB35 Thermal Simulations of the Biperiodical Accelerating Structure with the Operating Frequency 27 GHz simulation, coupling, linac, medical-accelerators 237
 
  • Yu.D. Kliuchevskaia, S.M. Polozov
    MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
  
  Biperiodical accelerating structure (BAS) represents an accelerating structure based on disk loaded waveguide (DLW) with π/2 operation mode. The 1 cm band structure will have very compact transverse size. Such characteristics give it perspective to use in medical accelerators. The results of beam dynamics simulation and electrodynamics study was discussed early. It will important to study the BAS electrodynamics taking into account thermal processes in structure and to design the cooling system. It is important because of the high pulse RF power (about 1.5 MW) necessary for the beam acceleration. The simulation results which are defined using CST code will presented in report. Calculation and determination of the thermolysis coefficient depending on speed, temperature and the water flow direction will make.  
 
WEPSB37 Interdisciplinary Glossary – Particle Accelerators and Medicine radiation, interface, diagnostics, proton 243
 
  • V.S. Dyubkov, V.V. Dmitriyeva, V.G. Nikitaev
    MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
  • S.E. Ulin
    MEPHI, Moscow, Russia
  
  A general concept of a new interdisciplinary glossary, which includes particle accelerator terminology used in medicine, as well as relevant medical concepts, is presented. Its structure and usage rules are described. An example, illustrating the quickly searching technique of relevant information in this Glossary, is considered. A website address, where one can get an access to the Glossary, is specified. Glossary can be refined and supplemented.  
 
WEPSB39 Industrial Prototype of Compact CW Linac klystron, gun, focusing, feedback 248
 
  • D.S. Yurov, A.S. Alimov, B.S. Ishkanov, V.P. Sakharov
    MSU, Moscow, Russia
  • N.I. Pakhomov, V.I. Shvedunov
    M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow, Russia
  
  A compact continuous-wave linear accelerator for industrial applications with an output electron energy of 1 MeV and design average beam current of 25 mA is described. The results of beam dynamics, accelerating structure, and RF system simulation are presented, accelerator construction and first results of its commissioning are described.  
 
WEPSB40 Design of a Linear Accelerator with a Magnetic Mirror on the Beam Energy of 45 MeV klystron, acceleration, gun, linac 251
 
  • V.I. Shvedunov, A.N. Ermakov, B.S. Ishkanov, A.N. Kamanin, V.V. Khankin, L.Yu. Ovchinnikova, N.I. Pakhomov, I.Yu. Vladimirov
    MSU, Moscow, Russia
  • A.I. Karev, V.G. Raevsky
    LPI, Moscow, Russia
  • I.V. Shvedunov, N.V. Shvedunov, D.S. Yurov
    MSU SINP, Moscow, Russia
  
  The results of calculation and optimization of pulsed linear accelerator with magnetic mirror on the beam energy, adjustable in the range of 20 - 45 MeV, designed for explosives detection and other applications are presented. The accelerator consists of an electron gun with an off-axis placed cathode with a beam hole on axis; of about 1.6 m long section of standing wave bi-periodic accelerating structure, operating at 2856 MHz, which is optimized to achieve the capture coefficient of more than 50% and of the energy spectrum width of about 2%; of a movable dispersion free magnetic mirror made with rare earth permanent magnet material. Accelerator provides acceleration of the beam with a pulse current of 100 mA to an energy of 45 MeV with RF power consumption less than 10 MW.  
 
WEPSB41 The X-ray System with Sub-system of Shaping of Fun-Shaped Beam and its Application in the Custom Inspection Systems controls, software, detector, target 254
 
  • Yu.N. Gavrish, A.M. Fialkovskiy, P.O. Klinovskiy, K.V. Kotenko, V.P. Malyshev
    NIIEFA, St. Petersburg, Russia
  
  The analytical survey of X-ray sources based on linear electron accelerators applied in the customs inspection systems (IDK) was carried out on the grounds of requirements to customs inspection systems. The test results of the linear electron accelerator IDK-6/9 MeV which allows to generate the X-ray mode with energies of 6 and 9 MeV are given in this article. The questions of unification of linear electron accelerators for different IDK are also studied. It is proved that the JSC "D.V. Efremov Scientific Research Institute of Electrophysical Apparatus" has the necessary scientific and technical potential and is ready to work out and to produce the X-ray sources for Automobile, Sea and Railway Inspection Systems (IDK). In addition to that the JSC "D.V. Efremov Scientific Research Institute of Electrophysical Apparatus" is ready to organize the serial production of X-ray sources for inspection systems.  
 
WEPSB42 Histogram Based Bremsstrahlung Radiation Source Model for the CyberKnife Medical Linear Accelerator radiation, simulation, photon, factory 256
 
  • A.V. Dalechina, A.I. Ksenofontov
    NRNU, Moscow, Russia
  • G.E. Gorlachev
    N.N. Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute, Moscow, Russia
  
  The accuracy of dose calculations is of fundamental importance in treatment planning of radiation therapy. The dose distributions must be calculated and verified by an accurate algorithm. The Monte Carlo simulation (statistical method, based on random sampling) of radiation transport is the only method that makes it possible to perform high-precision dose calculations in the case of a complex geometry. The main bottleneck for the application of this method in practical planning of radiation therapy is the lack of a general virtual source model of the accelerator radiation source. There are several approaches that have been described in the literature*. The goal of this work is to build a source model, based on histogram distributions, to represent the 6 MV photon beams from the Cyberknife stereotactic radiosurgery system** for Monte Carlo treatment planning dose calculations. The transport of particles in treatment head of Cyberknife was simulated. Energy, radial and angular distributions were calculated. Source model was created on the base of the cumulative histograms. This approach provides producing an unlimited number of particles for the next dosimetric planning. Results of source modelling were verified in comparison with full-scale simulation without model. Good agreement was shown with calculations using the source model of the linear accelerator treatment head.
*Chetty I.J. et al. Report of the AAPM Task Group No. 105// Med. Phys. 2007.
**Francescon P., Cora S., Cavedon C. Total scatter factors of small beams // Med. Phys. 2008.
 		 
 
WEPSB43 Magnetic Buncher Accelerator UELV-10-10-T-1 for Studying Fluorescence and Radiation-Physical Researches radiation, bunching, injection, background 259
 
  • Y.S. Pavlov, V.A. Danilichev, V.V. Dobrohotov, O.N. Nepomnyaschy, V.A. Pavlov
    IPCE RAS, Moscow, Russia
  
  Accelerator UELV-10-10-T-1 is equipped with special system of injection and magnetic buncher with the purpose of generation picoseconds the beam duration 50 ps with the current 150 A at energy 10 MeV for studying fluorescence and radiation-physical researches. For maintenance of the magnetic bunching the accelerator works in the mode of the reserved energy when duration of the pulse of injection (2,5 nanoseconds) is much less than time of filling of a wave guide energy (100 nanoseconds). At a pulse microwave of capacity 10 MW the energy which has been saved up in the wave guide, makes about 2 J. It provides an opportunity of a cutting collimator separately chosen bunch after scan of "package" by a rotary magnet. After an output from the accelerator the package electrons from 3-5 bunches acts in magnetic buncher consisting of two electromagnets. In buncher the beam is scanning as "fan", and then focused. At a current of the beam 30 A in the pulse duration 2,5 nanoseconds distinction on energy between the adjacent bunches makes of 300 keV, that provides an opportunity of the cutting collimator the separate chosen bunch after space scanning with a rotary magnet. At a magnetic bunching electrons in "head" of a bunch have the big energy and are transported on trajectories with the big radius than "tail" electrons. Thus "compression" of the bunch on time is attain and accordingly the charge of a bunch increases.  
 
WEPSB45 Small-Size High-Performance ARSA Accelerators for On-Line Testing for ECB for Radiation Hardness radiation, detector, controls, operation 264
 
  • S.L. Elyash
    VNIIEF, Sarov, Russia
  • S.P. Pukhov, A.V. Rodigin, A.L. Yur’yev
    RFNC – VNIIEF, Sarov, Russia
  
  A small-size high-performance pulsed accelerator ARSA with the voltage up to 1.3MeV is developed. The accelerator is distinguished for stability of characteristics (spread no more than ±10%), high dose rate of bremsstrahlung (up to 1.5*1010 R/s in a spot 1 cm in diameter), potentiality of intense operation (hundreds of shots a day), electro-magnetic compatibility with radio electronics. There is developed a fiber-optic monitor-dosimeter functionally connected with ARSA control panel ensuring pulse measurement of bremsstrahlung, accumulation of the prescribed dose, reading of data to the computer. To monitor the shape of bremsstrahlung pulses a separate channel is provided.  
 
WEPSB47 Depth Dose Distribution of the Bremsstrahlung Generated by the Betatron OB-4 in Different Environments betatron, radiation, DTL, detector 266
 
  • I. Miloichikova, V. Ruchyeva, E. Shuvalov, S. Stuchebrov
    TPU, Tomsk, Russia
  
  Within a research framework of the development of the new methods to reduce radiation doses for the objects under radiographic analysis, it was proposed to use the pulsed irradiation source synchronized with the detecting device. The previous tests showed a significant radiation dose decline to the objects in comparison with conventional techniques. For estimation of the suitability of using the compact betatron OB-4 as a source of bremsstrahlung for visualization purposes it is necessary to investigate the dosymetric parameters of the device. In the paper the dosimetric parameters measurement technique of the bremsstrahlung generated by betatron OB-4 is described. The radiation dose measurement results from the bremsstrahlung generated by betatron are shown. The depth dose distributions of the bremsstrahlung generated by betatron obtained with the help of the solid thermoluminescent detectors DTL-02 and the dosimeter UNIDOS E equipped with a PTW Farmer cylindrical ionization chamber type 30013 in the different environments (in the air, in the water andin the lead) are illustrated.  
 
THX01 Results of LIA-2 Operation target, operation, cathode, induction 275
 
  • P.V. Logachev, A. Akimov, P.A. Bak, M.A. Batazova, A.M. Batrakov, D. Bolkhovityanov, A.A. Eliseev, G.A. Fatkin, A.A. Korepanov, Ya.V. Kulenko, G.I. Kuznetsov, A.A. Pachkov, A. Panov, A.A. Starostenko, D.A. Starostenko
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
  • A.R. Akhmetov, S.D. Hrenkov, P.A. Kolesnikov, E.O. Kovalev, O.A. Nikitin, D.S. Smirnov
    RFNC-VNIITF, Snezhinsk, Chelyabinsk region, Russia
  
  Funding: Supported in part by Russian ministry of science and education.
Recent results of LIA-2 operation are presented. High quality of intense electron beam has been achieved in designed intervals of energy and current. All key elements of accelerator based on domestic technology successfully passed though long term operational tests. 		 
slides icon Slides THX01 [1.271 MB]  
 
THY02 The Status of the Facilities of Kurchatov's Synchrotron Radiation Source injection, kicker, controls, synchrotron 290
 
  • V. Korchuganov
    RRC, Moscow, Russia
  • A. Belkov, Y.A. Fomin, E.V. Kaportsev, M.V. Kovalchuk, Y.V. Krylov, V.I. Moiseev, N.I. Moseiko, D.G. Odintsov, S.G. Pesterev, A.S. Smygacheva, S.I. Tomin, V. Ushakov, V.L. Ushkov, A.G. Valentinov, A. Vernov
    NRC, Moscow, Russia
  
  The first electron beam had been received 20 years ago in a storage ring SIBERIA-2 - dedicated synchrotron radiation source in the Kurchatov's Institute and, also, the official opening of the Kurchatov's SR source for the experiments marks 15th anniversary in 2014 . The report focuses on the accelerator complex of the SR source, the development of actual SR source systems, SR beam lines and experimental stations by 2014.  
slides icon Slides THY02 [3.125 MB]  
 
THZ01 Superconducting Multipole Wigglers for Generation of Synchrotron Radiation wiggler, radiation, synchrotron, synchrotron-radiation 296
 
  • N.A. Mezentsev
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
  
  Superconducting multipole wigglers are very powerful instruments for generation of synchrotron radiation of high intensity. Use of a superconducting wire for creation of a sign alternating lateral magnetic field has the big advantages in comparison of permanent magnets and conventional electromagnets. Superconductivity use allows to create much higher magnetic field at the same field period and the vertical aperture for a beam. The high magnetic field allows not only to increase intensity, but also to expand spectrum of synchrotron radiations. The first superconducting wiggler has been made and installed on the VEPP-3 electron storage ring as a generator of synchrotron radiation in 1979. Nowadays tens of the wigglers are successfully working in the various synchrotron radiation centers and more than 10 of them were developed and made in Budker INP. The description of magnetic properties of the wigglers, parameters of both cryogenic and vacuum systems and their technical decisions are resulted in the report.  
slides icon Slides THZ01 [2.096 MB]  
 
THCE02 CW 100 keV Electron RF Injector for 40 mA Average Beam Current cathode, gun, cavity, vacuum 309
 
  • V. Volkov, V.S. Arbuzov, K.N. Chernov, E.I. Kolobanov, S.A. Krutikhin, E.A. Kuper, I.V. Kuptsov, G.Y. Kurkin, S.V. Motygin, V.N. Osipov, V.K. Ovchar, V.M. Petrov, V.V. Repkov, M.A. Scheglov, I.K. Sedlyarov, G.V. Serdobintsev, S.S. Serednyakov, S.V. Tararyshkin, A.G. Tribendis
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
  • I.V. Shorikov
    RFNC – VNIIEF, Sarov, Russia
  • A.V. Telnov, N.V. Zavyalov
    VNIIEF, Sarov, Russia
  
  CW 100 keV electron RF gun for 40 mA average beam current was developed, built and commissioned at BINP SB RAS. The RF gun consists of normal conducting 100 MHz RF cavity with a gridded thermo cathode unit, CW 16 kW generator with GU-92A tetrode in the output stage and a set of LLRF electronics. The gun was tested up to the design specifications at a test bench that includes a diagnostics beam line. The design features of different components of the gun are presented. Preparation and commissioning experience is discussed. The beam test results are summarized.  
 
THPSC06 Development and Testing of Powerful High-voltage Electron Accelerator for Energy-intensive Industries extraction, Windows, operation, high-voltage 327
 
  • N.G. Tolstun, A.V. Efremov, A.N. Kuzhlev, A.I. Machecha, V.P. Maznev, V.P. Ovchinnikov, D.E. Pavluhov, M.P. Svinin
    NIIEFA, St. Petersburg, Russia
  
  The report describes the results of the development and testing of the Electron-23high-voltage high-power electron accelerator rated for an accelerating voltage of 1 MV and beam power up to 500 kW at the "NIIEFA" testing facilities. The accelerator is intended for industrial processing of flue gases from coal burning thermal power stations with the aim to reduce concentrations of nitrogen and sulfur oxides. The accelerator may also be used for other energy-consuming processes, such as radiation treatment of wastewater for the purpose of their decontamination or processing of natural gases for their conversion into engine fuel. The report describes the main components and systems of the accelerator, such as the high-voltage generator, the accelerating voltage regulation device, the electron-optical system, the electron source and the accelerating tube, the irradiation field forming system, the beam output device and vacuum system.  
 
THPSC11 NSLS-II Booster Vacuum System vacuum, booster, radiation, storage-ring 342
 
  • A.M. Semenov, V.V. Anashin, S.M. Gurov, V.A. Kiselev, A.A. Krasnov
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
  • H.-C. Hseuh, T.V. Shaftan
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
  
  One of the last SR source third generation (NSLS-II) is constructed in Brookhaven National Laboratory in present time. To raise the operation effectiveness in continued mode with irradiation of maximum brightness injectors of these SR sources is operated continually on the energy up to energy of the main ring (linac or synchrotron booster). The injection on the full energy allows add electrons to early moved electrons in a storage ring rather than to regulate a magnet system. This operating mode is often named "Top-Up". NSLS-II consists of a linear accelerator on the electron energy up to 200 MeV, a synchrotron booster on the energy 3 GeV, a main storage ring. The status and review of vacuum system are written in this report.  
 
THPSC12 Effect of the Vertical Velocity Component on Properties of Synchrotron Radiation radiation, synchrotron, synchrotron-radiation, betatron 345
 
  • O.E. Shishanin
    MSIU, Moscow, Russia
  
  This subject determines more precisely characteristics of synchrotron radiation when charge particle moves on the spiral in physical devices and a space. For this purpose first the Bessel functions of a high order are approximated to within the second approach. It is discussed that the vertical component of velocity in alternating magnetic fields of accelerators significantly changes spectral and angular distributions of radiation intensity.  
 
THPSC14 Electron Emission and Trapping in Non-Uniform Fields of Magnet Structure and Insertion Devices at SR Source Siberia-2 quadrupole, storage-ring, vacuum, wiggler 350
 
  • V.I. Moiseev, V. Korchuganov, N.V. Smolyakov
    NRC, Moscow, Russia
  
  In vacuum chamber of SR source, scattered photons provide high intensity flows of photo emitted electrons along the magnetic fields lines. The unperturbed electrons reach the opposite walls. The relativistic bunches influence the trajectories of low energy electrons. These electrons can be trapped by non-uniform magnetic field. The low energy electron distributions change the operating settings of the storage ring. For Siberia-2 case, the low energy electron densities are evaluated both in quadrupole lenses and in superconducting wiggler on 7.5 T field. The qualitative description of the trapped electrons behavior was developed. In calculations, the analitical solution was obtained and used for estimations of the single impact of relativistic bunch.  
 
THPSC19 Influence of the Different Geometric Parameters of Superconducting Elliptical Cavities on the Multipactor accelerating-gradient, simulation, cavity, multipactoring 362
 
  • M. Gusarova, I.I. Petrushina
    MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
  
  The results of numerical simulations of multipacting in the different superconducting elliptical cavities are presented. Question of influence of the aperture radius, equator shape, iris shape and frequency and electron trajectories for different geometrical parameters of elliptic structures are considered.  
 
THPSC20 Multipactor in Elliptical Cavities 800 MHz cavity, damping, HOM, resonance 365
 
  • M. Gusarova, I.I. Petrushina
    MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
  
  The studies of the multipacting discharge possibility in elliptic single-cell cavities at 800 MHz with three types of hifger order modes couplers were done. The ranges of the field gradients where the conditions for the occurrence of first order multipacting discharge in the equatorial region, as well as the HOM field levels were determined.  
 
THPSC23 Upgrade of BPM System at VEPP-4M Collider electronics, positron, controls, operation 368
 
  • E.A. Bekhtenev
    NSU, Novosibirsk, Russia
  • E.A. Bekhtenev, G.V. Karpov
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
  
  Funding: Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation
Developed in BINP wideband beam position monitor (BPM) electronics has been installed at the VEPP-4M electron-positron collider. The VEPP-4M operates with two electron and two positron bunches. Wide bandwidth of new electronics (200 MHz) allows the separate measurements of electron and positron bunches with time interval between bunches up to 18 ns. 18 BPMs located near four meeting points are supplied with new electronics. The electronics can measure the position of each of four bunches. BPM system works at two modes: slow closed orbit measurements and turn-by-turn measurements. We present details of system design and operation. 		 
 
THPSC26 Distributed Beam Loss Monitor Based on the Cherenkov Effect in Optical Fiber radiation, positron, storage-ring, linac 374
 
  • Yu. Maltseva, F.E. Emanov, A.V. Petrenko, V.G. Prisekin
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
  • F.E. Emanov
    NSU, Novosibirsk, Russia
  • A.V. Petrenko
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  A distributed beam loss monitor based on the Cherenkov effect in optical fiber has been implemented for the VEPP-5 electron and positron linacs and the 510 MeV damping ring at the Budker INP. The monitor operation is based on detection of the Cherenkov radiation generated in optical fiber by means of relativistic particles created in electromagnetic shower after highly relativistic beam particles (electrons or positrons) hit the vacuum pipe. The main advantage of the distributed monitor compared to local ones is that a long optical fiber section can be used instead of a large number of local beam loss monitors. In our experiments the Cherenkov light was detected by photomultiplier tube (PMT). Timing of PMT signal gives the location of the beam loss. In the experiment with 20 m long optical fiber we achieved 3 m spatial resolution. To improve spatial resolution optimization and selection process of optical fiber and PMT are needed and according to our theoretical estimations 0.5 m spatial resolution can be achieved. We also suggest similar techniques for detection of electron (or positron) losses due to Touschek effect in storage rings.  
 
THPSC36 Experimental Study of the Scattering of 7.4 Mev Electrons Intersecting a Foil at an angle of 5–60 degree to its Surface target, injection, experiment, microtron 401
 
  • A.V. Serov, A.V. Koltsov
    LPI, Moscow, Russia
  • I.A. Mamonov
    NRNU, Moscow, Russia
  
  Angular distributions of electrons incident of a planar target at a small angle to its surface have been measured. Electrons have been injected from a microtron with a particle energy of 7.4 MeV. The dependence of the characteristics of beams on the initial energy and direction of injection of particles, as well as on the material and thickness of the target, has been considered. The intersection and reflection of electrons in the target have been investigated. The angle between the trajectory of the particles and the surface of the target was varied in the range of 5-60 degree. Aluminum, lead, and copper foils have been tested. The thickness of the foils was varied from 50 mkm to 600 mkm.  
 
THPSC37 A Pulse Generator of X-Ray Quants for Remote Radiation Monitoring cathode, high-voltage, acceleration, radiation 404
 
  • A.V. Il'inskiy, B.Y. Bogdanovich, D.R. Khasaya, A. Nesterovich, A.E. Shikanov
    MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
  
  For effective implementation of modern methods of X-raying required equipment complexes with increased requirements to the generator X-rays compared to conventional devices used in radiography. These requirements basically boil down to the fact that the radiation source along with small dimensions should provide at least 0.5 m from the target minimum exposure dose of about 10 mR for 1 with the appliance with a minimum area of the radiating surface of the target. These parameters are obtained by using X-rays generator based on high-current diode accelerating tube (AT) operating in the pulse-periodic regime at current amplitude of the accelerated electrons in the tube Im ~ 1 kA, pulse duration 1-10 ns and a maximum energy of electrons reaching several hundred keV The report presents the development of compact AT, which improved definition x-ray image is ensured by using a diode system with a coaxial geometry acceleration of electrons to the anode electrode internal target and explosive emission cathode. AT used to run a specially designed high-voltage pulse transformer-based "Tesla" with surge sharpener. Describes the design and block diagram interface generator X-ray quanta. Feature is the high stability of the generator is not dependent on the voltage, battery charge. Presented the results of experimental testing of the generator X-ray quanta. Also shows the waveform duration x-ray pulses in the presence of the lead filter and without it.  
 
THPSC48 Hydrogen Nuclides Acceleration from Laser Plasma in the Diode with Magnetic Insulation of Electrons laser, plasma, ion, cathode 435
 
  • A.E. Shikanov, K.I. Kozlovskiy, V.L. Shatokhin, E.D. Vovchenko
    MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
  
  New experimental results of obtaining accelerated deuterons in the small-sized diode with magnetic insulation are reported. The effective mode of ion acceleration to energies at 300 keV in the diode with a high voltage anode in order to initiate nuclear reactions D(d, n)3He is obtained with diode current ~0,5 kA and impulse duration ~1 mks in vacuum ~5*10-2 Pa. Containing deuterons laser plasma was generated at the anode during TiD target laser irradiation with a wavelength of 1.06 microns and a power density of ~5*1014 W/m2. Accelerating voltage impulse was formed using Arkadyev–Marx 20 cascade impulse voltage generator with air insulation. Diode cathode covers the anode symmetrically. It is a hollow cylinder permanent magnet with induction on the axis ~0,4 T. Magnetic insulation in accelerating gap leads to suppression of the accelerated electrons current at level of 0.5 in relation to the total diode current. Used methods of accelerating diode ion current, accelerating impulse voltage and penetrating radiations characteristics measurements are described.  
 
THPSC51 Ion Source Deuteron Beam Acceleration in Gas-filled Ion-optic System target, ion, neutron, space-charge 444
 
  • V.I. Rashchikov
    MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
  
  Deuteron beam acceleration in ion-optic system of gas-filled neutron tubes was investigated. PIC code SUMA* used for computer simulation of ionization and knock on processes and there influence on deuteron beam parameters. When deuteron and ionized particles space charge self-field forces become the same order of magnitude as external one, virtual cathode may occurs. It is happens because of injected from ion source deuterons cannot overcome their own space charge potential wall and move in transverse direction. However, electrons, produced by ionization, are trapped within the deuteron beam space charge potential wall and decrease it significantly. Thus, space charge neutralization of deuteron beams by electrons, may considerably increase target current and, as a result, output neutron flow. Moreover, own longitudinal electric field rise near the target leads to reduction of accelerating electrode – target potential wall, which was made to prevent knock on emission from the target. As a result, additional knocked on electrons may appear in the region and should be taken into account. The data obtained were compared with experimental results.
* A.N. Didenko, V.I. Rashchikov, V.E. Fortov, Technical Physics, Vol. 56, No. 10,pp. 1535–1538, 2011 		 
 
FRCB03 Accelerators Application for Radiation Processing of Foodstuffs radiation, controls, framework, monitoring 470
 
  • M.A. Zavialov
    RRICT, Vidnoye, Russia
  
  During last couple decades in Russia an interest in the electron-beam sterilization technology has been significantly renewed. The electron beam irradiation occurs at electron energies in the range from 3 up to 10 MeV with dose of 30 kGy. A special research interest is an exploring the possibility to reduce electron energy and dose characteristics upon foods irradiation.