RuPAC2014 - List of Keywords (proton)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
TUX02	Accelerator Complex U70 of IHEP: Status and Upgrades	extraction, ion, target, power-supply	1
	S.V. Ivanov IHEP, Moscow Region, Russia
	Funding: National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute" The report overviews present status of the Accelerator Complex U70 of IHEP-Protvino. It is a sequel to prior status reports delivered to RuPAC-2008, -2010 and -2012, and outlines the recent machine-related activity and upgrades in a run-by-run chronological ordering. * Оn behalf of the U70 staff
	Slides TUX02 [3.512 MB]

TUCA01	Commissioning 2 MeV Cooler in COSY and Novosibirsk	electron, ion, experiment, vacuum	14
	V.B. Reva, M.I. Bryzgunov, A.V. Bubley, A.D. Goncharov, V.M. Panasyuk, V.V. Parkhomchuk BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia J. Dietrich HIM, Mainz, Germany V. Kamerdzhiev FZJ, Jülich, Germany V.B. Reva NSU, Novosibirsk, Russia
	The 2 MeV electron cooling system for COSY-Julich was proposed to further boost the luminosity in presence of strong heating effects of high-density internal targets. The 2 MeV cooler is also well suited in the start up phase of the High Energy Storage Ring (HESR) at FAIR in Darmstadt. It can be used for beam cooling at injection energy and for testing new features of the high energy electron cooler for HESR. The COSY cooler is designed on the classic scheme of low energy coolers like cooler CSRm, CSRe, LEIR that was produced in BINP before. The electron beam is transported inside the longitudinal magnetic field along whole trajectory from an electron gun to a collector. The 2 MeV electron cooler was installed in the COSY ring in the spring 2013. Electron beam commissioning and first studies using proton and deuteron beams were carried out. Electron cooling of proton beam up to 1662 MeV kinetic energy was demonstrated. Maximum electron beam energy achieved so far amounted to 1.25 MeV. Voltage up to 1.4 MV was demonstrated. The cooler was operated with electron current up to 0.5 A.
	Slides TUCA01 [2.066 MB]

TUZ02	Accelerator Technologies Development at ITEP	ion, synchrotron, rfq, heavy-ion	34
	N.N. Alexeev, V. Andreev, A. Golubev, A. Kolomiets, A.M. Kozodaev, T. Kulevoy, V.I. Nikolaev, Yu.A. Satov, V.A. Schegolev, A. Shumshurov, A. Zarubin ITEP, Moscow, Russia
	Restart of scientific activity at ITEP associated with join it to the pilot project of NRC "Kurchatov Institute" is the occasion for summing up of intermediate results and existing capability of accelerator physics and technologies development in the institute. School of accelerators construction at ITEP has old traditions and refers on studying, invention, mastering and implementation to operation of technological features of proton and ion beams generation, transportation, acceleration, accumulation, extraction and space-time formation for usage of accelerated beams in physical experiments and applied research works. Historical survey and current state of accelerator science activity at ITEP are presented.
	Slides TUZ02 [2.051 MB]

TUPSA07	Transit Code for Beam Dynamic Simulation	linac, simulation, rfq, ion	51
	A.S. Plastun, A. Kolomiets, T. Tretyakova ITEP, Moscow, Russia
	Multiparticle computer code TRANSIT for simulation of intense ion beams in linacs and transport systems is presented. The code is based on experience in design of ion linacs in ITEP. TRANSIT summarizes the most actual and modern methods and algorithms for integration of motion equations including space charge forces. It is being used in ITEP for design and simulation of conventional RFQs, spatially periodic RF focusing linacs, beam transport systems, RF deflectors, etc. The paper presents general description of TRANSIT code and some achieved results.

TUPSA20	Output Energy Variation in the SC Linac for the Proton Radiotherapy	simulation, linac, cavity, focusing	80
	I.A. Ashanin, S.M. Polozov, A.V. Samoshin MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
	Current success of the superconducting linear accelerators based on independently phased SC cavities gives a seriously reason to consider such structure in proton radiotherapy. Superconductivity allow to solve at once some problems concerned with a low rate of energy gain, high length, higher capacity losses and higher cost of the proton linear accelerator subsequently. One of the traditional aims of such facilities is receiving of the beam energy about 240 MeV with possibility of fluently regulation in range from 150 to 240 MeV that responds to irradiate the tumors located at different depth. The possibility of beam energy variation by means of RF field phase in last resonators and number of the resonator turn-off becomes the major advantage of the proton SC linac. The optimal choice of accelerator parameters and the beam dynamics simulation results with using BEAMDULAC-SCL code will presented. Methods of the output energy variation with beam quality preservation in the proton SC linac will discussed. A.V. Samoshin. Proc. of LINAC2012, Tel-Aviv, Israel, TUPB069, p. 630 - 632

TUPSA31	Magnetic System of Isochronous Cyclotron F250 for Proton Therapy Applications	cyclotron, synchro-cyclotron, vacuum, focusing	103
	Yu.G. Alenitsky, E. Samsonov JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia N.L. Zaplatin JINR/DLNP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
	In the Laboratory of Nuclear Problems of the JINR the possibility of designing of the isochronous cyclotron F250 with the energy of protons 250 MeV on the basis of magnet with the diameter of pole 6 m, which is used for the synchro-cyclotron is examined. Synchro-cyclotron many years works for obtaining the protons with the energy 680 MeV and with the intensity of extracted beam 2.5 mkA. For the solution of medical problems the required energy of protons comprises not more than 250 MeV and depends on the depth of the tumor arrangement inside a patient. For determining the required energy of protons the information about the mean free path of protons in the correspondence for the position of Bragg's peak in each case is used. Necessary energy of protons is obtained by means of degrader system providing a retarding the extracted beam of protons with 680 MeV to 250 MeV and less. In this case the utilized for medical purposes intensity of beam does not exceed 50 nA. The proposed cyclotron F250 will make it possible to strongly decrease the electric power of magnet and to avoid the need of beam degradation from 680 MeV to 250 MeV. For creating the required magnetic field of the cyclotron F250 it is necessary to change the form of steel spiral shims and disks, located inside a vacuum chamber of synchro-cyclotron. The basic parameters of the magnetic system of the cyclotron F250 with the condition of retaining the vacuum chamber and the magnet yoke of synchro-cyclotron are given.

TUPSA36	Measurement of the Dose Rate and the Radiation Spectrum of the Interaction of 2 MeV Proton Beam with a Variety of Structural Materials	neutron, target, radiation, vacuum	113
	D.A. Kasatov, A.N. Makarov, I.M. Shchudlo, S.Yu. Taskaev BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
	The paper presents the results of measurements of the spectrum and the radiation dose during irradiation of different construction materials with 2 MeV proton beam. There are shown the spectra of the induced activity of a number of materials and signals from the neutron detector. Based on the obtained results it is made the optimal choice of the target material, on which it is deposited a thin layer of lithium to generate epithermal neutrons used for boron neutron capture therapy of malignant tumors. Recommendations are given for materials desirable to use inside the high-energy beam transporting channel to reduce the dose of concomitant radiation.

TUPSA37	Measurement of the Spatial Distribution of Gamma Radiation at Tandem Accelerator with Vacuum Insulation	electron, radiation, vacuum, detector	116
	I.M. Shchudlo, D.A. Kasatov, A.N. Makarov, S.Yu. Taskaev BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
	In BINP the source of epithermal neutrons for BNCT based on the tandem accelerator with vacuum insulation and a lithium target was created and operates. The paper presents the study of the spatial distribution of the X-ray emission produced by the interaction of accelerated electrons with the materials of construction of the accelerator.

WEX03	Production of Accelerating Equipment for Nuclear Medicine in NIIEFA. Potentialities and Prospects	cyclotron, diagnostics, target, radiation	125
	M.F. Vorogushin, Yu.N. Gavrish, A.P. Strokach NIIEFA, St. Petersburg, Russia
	The D.V.Efremov Institute (NIIEFA) is the leader in Russia in designing and manufacturing of the accelerating equipment for medicine. About one hundred of linear accelerators for the beam therapy and more than forty cyclotrons for production of radiopharmaceuticals have been designed, manufactured and delivered to clinics of Russia and some foreign countries. The equipment designed and manufactured in NIIEFA in its technical characteristics is on a par with foreign analogs and sufficiently cheaper in expenditures for personnel training, hardware and software compatibility, warranty and post-warranty service, delivery of spare parts and updating. In accordance with Federal Targeted Programs on the development of medical and pharmaceutical industries up to 2020, the production facilities, material and technical resources have been prepared for the organization of serial production of cyclotrons and gamma tomographs.
	Slides WEX03 [0.901 MB]

WECA02	Radiobiological Research with Charged Particles Beams in ITEP	ion, experiment, heavy-ion, target	128
	N.V. Markov, A. Golubev, A.V. Kantsyrev, I. Roudskoy ITEP, Moscow, Russia A. Golubev MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
	Radiobiological researches with heavy ions have been started at ITEP in 2006 on unique heavy ion accelerating facility ITEP-TWAC. The main purpose of these researches is study of the biological efficiency of carbon ions for different types of biological objects, such as tumor and normal cells, in the framework of the development of heavy ion therapy for cancer treatment in Russia. Another possible area of application of this research is the space radiobiology, studying stochastic and deterministic effects of ionizing radiation in the space environment on human. In this work the experimental setup for radiobiological research with heavy ions in ITEP, the dosimetry system for dose measurements and the results of the radiobiological researches with carbon ions are presented.
	Slides WECA02 [16.246 MB]

WECA04	Accelerator Hadron Therapy Technique Developed at JINR	cyclotron, synchrotron, extraction, synchro-cyclotron	131
	E. Syresin JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
	Accelerator hadron therapy technique is one of applied researches realized at JINR. The JINR-IBA collaboration has developed and constructed the C235-V3 cyclotron for Dimitrovgrad hospital center of the proton therapy. Proton transmission in C235-V3 from radius 0.3m to 1.03 m is 72% without beam cutting diaphragms; the extraction efficiency is 62%. The main advantage of this cyclotron in comparison with serial commercial cyclotrons of IBA is related to higher current of the extracted beam. The cancer treatment is realized in JINR on the phasotron proton beam. More than 1000 patients were treated there. A project of the demonstration center of the proton therapy is discussed on base of a superconducting 250 MeV synchrocyclotron. The superconducting synchrocyclotron is planned to install instead of phasotron in Medical Technical Complex of DLNP. The project of the medical carbon synchrotron together with superconducting gantry was developed in JINR. The basis of this medical accelerator is the superconducting JINR synchrotron – Nuclotron. One important feature of this project is related to the application of superconducting gantry.
	Slides WECA04 [1.517 MB]

WEPSB05	Optimization of Electric Field Distribution Inside Multi-gap CH-Resonator	impedance, cavity, acceleration, rfq	164
	S.E. Toporkov MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
	This paper presents the results of the electrodynamic modelling of the Crossbar H-mode (CH) resonator. The main goal was to get the uniform accelerating field distribution and to optimize effective shunt impedance. The initial model of the 324 MHz cavity consists of 7 equidistant RF gaps with the period length 46.26 mm. To optimize its electrodynamic characteristics the design contains pylons. Solution of the tuning task consists of several steps. Firstly it was chosen the optimal relation between the holding rod length and the pylon's height. Then the most significant improvement on the E-field distribution was introduced by optimizing the gap between end walls of the resonator and the pylon. The final adjustment of the field distribution and the tuning to the working frequency was performed by means of the holes in the pylon. Correct geometry increases effective shunt impedance from 55 MOhm/m to 80 MOhm/m and improves the field flatness to the 97%. The results of optimization the cavities for different particle velocities with 7,9 and 11 accelerating gaps and different aperture diameter are presented.

WEPSB08	Multi-beam Generator Cavity for the Proton Linear Accelerator Feeding System on 991 MHz Frequency Geometry Optimization	cavity, coupling, impedance, electron	171
	E.A. Savin, S.V. Matsievskiy, N.P. Sobenin MEPhI, Moscow, Russia A.A. Zavadtsev Nano, Moscow, Russia
	For the proton linear accelerator feeding system 800 kW input power value is required. The system consists from pillbox cavity with six beam tubes connected to the rectangular waveguide as a power output system is designed. In case of using high voltage gun with modulated six-bunch injection, this system allows to transform the energy of electron bunches which flies throw beam tubes to accelerating section feeding power. Different types of the structure geometry were calculated. The whole structure consists both from generator cavity and accelerating structure has been designed.

WEPSB16	Studying of the Accompanying Charged Particles in the Tandem Accelerator with Vacuum Insulation	detector, vacuum, neutron, target	189
	A.N. Makarov, D.A. Kasatov, I.M. Shchudlo, S.Yu. Taskaev BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
	On the tandem accelerator with vacuum insulation in a steady long mode it was obtained 1.6 mA current of protons with 2 MeV energy. It was studied the one of the possible reasons of current limitation – the appearance of accompanying charged particles during acceleration of the ion beam. The paper presents and discusses the results of the accompanying beam measurement using a special detector. The detector registered an opposite positive current in the range of 80-170 mkA, which is directly dependent on vacuum conditions in the accelerator. Also it was measured the dependence of the dose rate on the total current in the accelerating gap. These measurements confirmed that injected H⁻ beam ionizes residual and stripping gas mainly in the area before the first electrode and two proposals were made to minimize the accompanying current.

WEPSB18	Modification of the Argon Stripping Target of the Tandem Accelerator	target, ion, vacuum, tandem-accelerator	194
	Y.M. Ostreinov, A.N. Makarov, S.Yu. Taskaev, P. Vobly BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
	The paper presents and discusses the project of modified gas stripping target. The idea of the target modification is the following. Inside the high-voltage electrode just behind inlet aperture it is proposed to apply 1 T transverse magnetic field using a two-pole permanent magnets. Similar magnets at the exit of the stripping target return proton beam back to the axis of accelerator channel. In this geometry not only significant suppression of ion penetration of the stripping gas into the accelerating channel can be achieved, but also a significant improvement of vacuum conditions in the accelerating channel and reduction of the ultraviolet radiation from the plasma in the stripping target. It is enough to shift the stripping target to a distance greater than the aperture (20 mm) in the high-voltage electrode and to implement a differential gas pumping. The paper presents results of trajectory calculation of the injected ion beam in Comsol Multiphysics. The geometry of the magnetic system and the system of differential gas pumping using turbomolecular pump installed inside the high-voltage electrode are presented.

WEPSB20	Experimental Study of the Time Dependence of the Activity of Delayed Neutrons in the Fission of 235U by Neutrons from the Reaction 7Li(p, n) on the Electrostatic Accelerator EG-1	neutron, experiment, detector, target	200
	K.V. Mitrofanov, A.S. Egorov, D.E. Gremyachkin, V.F. Mitrofanov, V.M. Piksaikin, B.F. Samylin IPPE, Obninsk, Russia
	In the present work the installation created on the basis of the accelerator EG-1 (IPPE) for the experimental studies of the time dependence of delayed neutron activity from neutron induced fission of 235U is described. Measurements were carried out with neutron beam generated with the help of the 7Li(p, n) reaction. The lower limit of the investigated time range was governed by the proton beam switching system that was 20 ms. It was shown that the temporary characteristics of delayed neutrons from the fission of 235U by epithermal neutrons is consistent with the time dependence which at present is recommended as a standard. In case of the fast neutron induced fission of 235U the measured decay curve of delayed neutrons shows excess of counting rate in the time interval 0.01-0.2 s as compared with the decay curve corresponding to the recommended data.

WEPSB23	Set-up for Measurements of Delayed Neutron Characteristics in Interaction of Heavy Nuclei with Relativistic Protons of the Synchrocyclotron PINP Gatchina	neutron, detector, synchro-cyclotron, experiment	209
	A.S. Egorov, V.F. Mitrofanov, V.M. Piksaikin, B.F. Samylin IPPE, Obninsk, Russia
	In the present paper the method and set-up for measurements of delayed neutron characteristics in interaction of heavy nuclei with relativistic protons are described. On the basis of this method the time dependence of delayed neutron activity has been measured from interaction of 238U sample with 1 GeV pulsed proton beam of the synchrocyclotron of the Petersburg Institute of Nuclear Physics, Gatchina. The measured data was analyzed in frame of 8-group precursor's model with a unified set of half-lives. Obtained results on the fractional yields of delayed neutrons are compared with the appropriate data from the fast neutron induced fission of 238U.

WEPSB24	Comparison of Biological Impact of Proton and Ion Beams in Radiation Treatment	target, ion, scattering, heavy-ion	211
	M.M. Kats ITEP, Moscow, Russia
	The work contains the comparison of biological doses' distribution calculated for treatment of the same targets by proton and ion beams. Advantages of the ion beam are shown for targets with different sizes and with different depths.

WEPSB25	PRIOR Proton Microscope	target, experiment, vacuum, quadrupole	214
	D. Varentsov, P.M. Lang, M.E. Rodionova, L. Shestov, K. Weyrich GSI, Darmstadt, Germany A.V. Bakhmutova, A.V. Bogdanov, A. Golubev, A.V. Kantsyrev, N.V. Markov, V.A. Panyushkin, A.I. Semennikov, V. Skachkov ITEP, Moscow, Russia C.W. Barnes, F.G. Mariam, F.E. Merrill, C. Wilde LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA S.V. Efimov, Y. Krasik, O. Oleg Technion, Haifa, Israel A. Golubev MEPhI, Moscow, Russia S. Udrea TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany A.N. Zubareva IPCP, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, Russia
	Funding: Joint Helmholtz-ROSATOM FAIR-Russia Research Centre (HGF-IVF-IK-Ru-002) The new proton radiography facility PRIOR* (Proton microscope for FAIR) was developed at SIS-18 accelerator at GSI (Darmstadt, Germany). PRIOR setup is designed for measurement, with high spatial resolution up to 10 mkm, of density distribution of static and dynamic objects by using a proton beam with energy up to 4.5 GeV. The magnetic system of the PRIOR beam-line consists of two sections. The first, matching section, contains electromagnetic-quadruple lenses and provides formation of a proton beam for the objects imaging task (beam size, angular distribution). The second section is a magnification (K ~4) section that consists of four Permanent Magnet Quadruples (PMQ) lenses. Tungsten collimators, installed at central plane of magnification section, provides regulation of contrast of the proton-radiographic images. Investigated object installed between first and second section. The registration system for static experiments consists of CsI scintillator and plastic scintillator (Bicron BC-412) for dynamic one with two types of intensified CCD cameras: PCO DiMAX and PCO DicamPro. In the first experiments with static objects with 3.6 Gev proton, was demonstrated a spatial resolution of 30 mkm. Dynamic commissioning was performed with target based on underwater electrical wires explosion with electrical pulse with current amplitude of ~200 kA and time duration of few microseconds. * Merrill F.E. et al., Proton microscopy at FAIR, AIP Conf. Proc. 1195, 2009, p.667

WEPSB31	Project of Demonstration Center of the Proton Therapy at DLNP JINR	synchro-cyclotron, extraction, cyclotron, emittance	228
	E. Syresin, G.A. Karamysheva, M.Y. Kazarinov, N.A. Morozov, G.V. Mytzin, N.G. Shakun JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia J. Bokor STU, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
	JINR is one of the leading proton therapy research centers of the in Russia. The modern technique of 3D conformal proton radiotherapy was first effectuated in Russia in this center, and now it is effectively used in regular treatment sessions. A special Medico-Technical Complex was created at JINR on the basis of the phasotron used for proton treatment. About 100 patients undergo a course of fractionated treatment here every year. During last 14 years were treated by proton beams about more than 1000 patients . A project of the demonstration center of the proton therapy is discussed on base of a superconducting 250 MeV synchrocyclotron. The superconducting synchrocyclotron is planned to install instead of phasotron in Medical Technical Complex of DLNP. The new transport channel is designed for beam delivery to the JINR medical cabin.

WEPSB37	Interdisciplinary Glossary – Particle Accelerators and Medicine	radiation, interface, diagnostics, electron	243
	V.S. Dyubkov, V.V. Dmitriyeva, V.G. Nikitaev MEPhI, Moscow, Russia S.E. Ulin MEPHI, Moscow, Russia
	A general concept of a new interdisciplinary glossary, which includes particle accelerator terminology used in medicine, as well as relevant medical concepts, is presented. Its structure and usage rules are described. An example, illustrating the quickly searching technique of relevant information in this Glossary, is considered. A website address, where one can get an access to the Glossary, is specified. Glossary can be refined and supplemented.

WEPSB44	Neutron Radiation Monitoring of the Therapeutic Proton Beam Transportation	neutron, radiation, monitoring, beam-transport	262
	V.M. Skorkin RAS/INR, Moscow, Russia
	A monitoring system online controls a therapeutic proton beam by measuring a secondary neutron radiation from the beam losses. The system consists of neutron detectors in the transport path passage from Linac to the facility of proton therapy and terminal controller connected to the computer. The neutron detectors measure a level of the secondary neutron radiation in real time along of the transport channel, near the formative elements. The system of the neutron detectors registers temporal variations of the beam intensity in local areas transport medical channel. These changes arise are due to changes in operating mode of the channels or instability of the elements forming the beam. The monitoring system allows to determine a intensity and temporal structure of the therapeutic beam and to detect mode and instability of the formative elements.

THCE01	INR RAS Linac Proton Injector 100 Hz PRR Operation Mode	operation, high-voltage, simulation, linac	306
	A. Belov, O.T. Frolov, L.P. Nechaeva, E.S. Nikulin, A.V. Turbabin, V. Zubets RAS/INR, Moscow, Russia
	The injector provides INR RAS linac by proton beam with energy 400 keV, 200 mks pulse duration at pulse repetition rate 50 Hz. PRR of the proton injector has been increased to 100 Hz with goal of rising the accelerator average beam current. Main stages and results of the injector modernization are presented.
	Slides THCE01 [3.518 MB]

THPSC01	Status of Linacs with High-frequency Quadrupole Focusing LU-30 and LU-30M in IHEP	rfq, operation, linac, DTL	312
	S.A. Strekalovskikh IHEP, Moscow Region, Russia
	There are two RFQ DT proton linacs, named the LU-30 and LU-30M, in the SRC IHEP of NRC "Kurchatov Institute" that are presently in operation. Both are the unique machines employing radio-frequency quadrupole focusing up to 30 MeV at exit. The LU-30 machine now runs as a proton injector to the booster RC PS U-1.5 that feeds the main PS U-70 ultimately. The LU-30M is now run in a stand-alone test operation mode. Such a parallel functioning of these two accelerators allows to use the LU-30M as an experimental facility enabling R&D on new technical decisions and upgrades for the ageing LU-30. On the other hand, the routine operation of the workhorse LU-30 allows for testing of the technical decisions proposed under a heavy non-stop operation during the U-70 runs for fixed-target physics.

THPSC02	Geometry of Quadrupole Magnet for the U-3.5 Accelerator in the OMEGA Project	multipole, quadrupole, hadron, synchrotron	315
	L. Tkachenko, S. Kozub, P.A. Shcherbakov IHEP, Moscow Region, Russia
	Accelerating complex of intensive beams of charged particles (project Omega) is being developed at IHEP. The main part of this complex is 3.5 GeV ring accelerator. The basic parameters of the quadrupole magnet for this ring are: 5.564 T/m central gradient in the 10².9 mm radius of the "good field"; the injection gradient is 1.222 T/m; the gradient ramp rate is 334 T/m/s. Different profiles of the poles were considered for the purpose of selecting the most optimal 2D and 3D geometries of the magnet. The basic parameters of the optimal geometries are presented.

THPSC03	Study of Superconducting Accelerating Structures for Megawatt Proton Driver Linac	cavity, linac, simulation, accelerating-gradient	318
	S.M. Polozov, K.A. Aliev, A.M. Fadeev, M. Gusarova, T. Kulevoy, M.V. Lalayan, N.P. Sobenin, O. Verjbitskiy MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
	Funding: This project was supported by the Ministry of Science and Education of Russia under contract No. 14.516.11.0084 The preliminary design of megawatt level proton accelerator-driver is carrying out by collaboration between Russian scientific centers MEPhI, ITEP, Kurchatov Institute. This project was supported in 2013 by the Ministry of Science and Education of Russia. The linac general layout includes SC Spoke-cavities at middle energy range and elliptical cavity at high energy one. The usage of QWR and/or HWR at 10-30 MeV was also discussed. Due to electrodynamics models of all structures types were designed and the electrodynamics characteristics were studied. QWR, HWQ and Spoke-cavities were proposed to operate on 324 MHz and elliptical cavities on 972 MHz. The main electrodynamics simulation results will present in report. The multipactor study results will also discussed.

THPSC05	Study of Possibility of 600-1000 MeV and 1 MW Proton Driver Linac Development in Russia	linac, focusing, rfq, simulation	324
	S.M. Polozov, A.E. Aksentyev, K.A. Aliev, I.A. Ashanin, Y.A. Bashmakov, A.A. Blinnikov, T.V. Bondarenko, A.N. Didenko, M.S. Dmitriyev, V.V. Dmitriyeva, V.S. Dyubkov, A.M. Fadeev, A. Fertman, M. Gusarova, A.A. Kalashnikova, V.I. Kaminsky, E. Khabibullina, Yu.D. Kliuchevskaia, A.D. Kolyaskin, T. Kulevoy, M.V. Lalayan, S.V. Matsievskiy, V.I. Rashchikov, A.V. Samoshin, E.A. Savin, Ya.V. Shashkov, A.Yu. Smirnov, N.P. Sobenin, S.E. Toporkov, O. Verjbitskiy, A.V. Ziiatdinova, V. Zvyagintsev MEPhI, Moscow, Russia P.N. Alekseev, V.A. Nevinnitsa NRC, Moscow, Russia V.F. Batyaev, G. Kropachev, D.A. Liakin, S.V. Rogozhkin, Y.E. Titarenko ITEP, Moscow, Russia S. Stark INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy
	Funding: This project was supported by the Ministry of Science and Education of Russia under contract No. 14.516.11.0084 Alternative nuclear energetic's technologies as fast reactors and accelerating driven systems (ADS) are necessary to solve a number of problems as U-238 or thorium fuel reactor and nuclear wastes transmutation. ADS subcritical system should consist of megawatt-power proton accelerator, neutron producing target and breeder. A number of ADS projects are under development in EU, Japan, USA, China, S.Korea at present. Superconducting linacs or their complexes with high energy storage synchrotron are under design in main projects as a megawatt power proton beam driver. In Russian Federation the complex design for accelerator-driver was carried down more than ten years ago. The new approach to the ADS complex is now under development in framework of the project carried out by collaboration between Russian scientific centers MEPhI, ITEP, Kurchatov Institute. This project was supported in 2013 by the Ministry of Science and Education of Russia. A brief results observation for accelerator part of the project is presented in report. It includes accelerator-driver general layout, beam dynamics simulation, electrodynamics simulations of accelerating cavities and analysis of technological background in Russia.

THPSC45	Use of Fast Magnetic Beam Raster System for INR Isotope Production Facility	target, isotope-production, controls, vacuum	426
	O. Volodkevich, S. Bragin, A. Feschenko, O.V. Grekhov, Yu.V. Kiselev, V.M. Kokhanyuk, V.N. Mikhailov, A.N. Mirzojan, V.L. Serov RAS/INR, Moscow, Russia
	Fast magnetic beam raster system for INR isotope production facility is developed and implemented. The system enables to increase the isotope production efficiency by providing a possibility of using a higher intensity proton beam on the target of the isotope production facility. First experimental results of system application for irradiation of the targets are presented.

FRCA02	Time Dependence of Ion Beam Transverse Phase-Space Portrait Orientation During Linac Proton Injector Pulse	ion, high-voltage, ion-source, focusing	459
	O.T. Frolov, A. Belov, S.E. Golubovskiy, E.S. Nikulin, V. Zubets RAS/INR, Moscow, Russia
	As a result of analysis conducted a transients of the 400 kV column intermediate electrode potential have been determined as one of the main processes responsible for change of beam phase-space portrait orientation during 200 mks, 50 Hz proton injector high voltage accelerating pulse. Beam transport simulation shows high sensitivity of the beam phase-space portrait orientation to variation of the intermediate electrode potential. It has been found that significant variation of this potential takes place due to transition process during a pulse in the capacitor-resistor voltage water divider of the accelerating tube. The divider capacities matching procedure has been performed. The beam emittance measurements results have shown that within the accuracy of observation the beam transverse phase-space portrait orientation remains constant during injector pulse with the accelerating tube voltage divider being compensated.
	Slides FRCA02 [0.824 MB]

FRCB02	Dynamics of Processes in Subcritical Reactor Driven by Linear Accelerator	neutron, controls, feedback, linac	467
	A.G. Golovkina, I.V. Kudinovich, D.A. Ovsyannikov St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia Y.A. Svistunov Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
	Funding: St. Petersburg State University, grant No. 9.38.673.2013 In this paper dynamics of processes in accelerator driven system (ADS) is considered. ADS reactor operates at subcritical level and the necessary neutron supply comes from the interaction of a charged particles beam with a heavy atom nucleus (spallation reaction). Mathematical model of dynamics of subcritical reactor controlled by linear accelerator is presented. Calculation results of transient processes in the reactor core taking into account fuel feedback. The reactor power level control is carried out through the regulation of linac current impulses frequency.

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TUX02

Accelerator Complex U70 of IHEP: Status and Upgrades

extraction, ion, target, power-supply

1

S.V. Ivanov
IHEP, Moscow Region, Russia

Funding: National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute"
The report overviews present status of the Accelerator Complex U70 of IHEP-Protvino. It is a sequel to prior status reports delivered to RuPAC-2008, -2010 and -2012, and outlines the recent machine-related activity and upgrades in a run-by-run chronological ordering.
* Оn behalf of the U70 staff

Slides TUX02 [3.512 MB]

TUCA01

Commissioning 2 MeV Cooler in COSY and Novosibirsk

electron, ion, experiment, vacuum

14

V.B. Reva, M.I. Bryzgunov, A.V. Bubley, A.D. Goncharov, V.M. Panasyuk, V.V. Parkhomchuk
BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
J. Dietrich
HIM, Mainz, Germany
V. Kamerdzhiev
FZJ, Jülich, Germany
V.B. Reva
NSU, Novosibirsk, Russia

The 2 MeV electron cooling system for COSY-Julich was proposed to further boost the luminosity in presence of strong heating effects of high-density internal targets. The 2 MeV cooler is also well suited in the start up phase of the High Energy Storage Ring (HESR) at FAIR in Darmstadt. It can be used for beam cooling at injection energy and for testing new features of the high energy electron cooler for HESR. The COSY cooler is designed on the classic scheme of low energy coolers like cooler CSRm, CSRe, LEIR that was produced in BINP before. The electron beam is transported inside the longitudinal magnetic field along whole trajectory from an electron gun to a collector. The 2 MeV electron cooler was installed in the COSY ring in the spring 2013. Electron beam commissioning and first studies using proton and deuteron beams were carried out. Electron cooling of proton beam up to 1662 MeV kinetic energy was demonstrated. Maximum electron beam energy achieved so far amounted to 1.25 MeV. Voltage up to 1.4 MV was demonstrated. The cooler was operated with electron current up to 0.5 A.

Slides TUCA01 [2.066 MB]

TUZ02

Accelerator Technologies Development at ITEP

ion, synchrotron, rfq, heavy-ion

34

N.N. Alexeev, V. Andreev, A. Golubev, A. Kolomiets, A.M. Kozodaev, T. Kulevoy, V.I. Nikolaev, Yu.A. Satov, V.A. Schegolev, A. Shumshurov, A. Zarubin
ITEP, Moscow, Russia

Restart of scientific activity at ITEP associated with join it to the pilot project of NRC "Kurchatov Institute" is the occasion for summing up of intermediate results and existing capability of accelerator physics and technologies development in the institute. School of accelerators construction at ITEP has old traditions and refers on studying, invention, mastering and implementation to operation of technological features of proton and ion beams generation, transportation, acceleration, accumulation, extraction and space-time formation for usage of accelerated beams in physical experiments and applied research works. Historical survey and current state of accelerator science activity at ITEP are presented.

Slides TUZ02 [2.051 MB]

TUPSA07

Transit Code for Beam Dynamic Simulation

linac, simulation, rfq, ion

51

A.S. Plastun, A. Kolomiets, T. Tretyakova
ITEP, Moscow, Russia

Multiparticle computer code TRANSIT for simulation of intense ion beams in linacs and transport systems is presented. The code is based on experience in design of ion linacs in ITEP. TRANSIT summarizes the most actual and modern methods and algorithms for integration of motion equations including space charge forces. It is being used in ITEP for design and simulation of conventional RFQs, spatially periodic RF focusing linacs, beam transport systems, RF deflectors, etc. The paper presents general description of TRANSIT code and some achieved results.

TUPSA20

Output Energy Variation in the SC Linac for the Proton Radiotherapy

simulation, linac, cavity, focusing

80

I.A. Ashanin, S.M. Polozov, A.V. Samoshin
MEPhI, Moscow, Russia

Current success of the superconducting linear accelerators based on independently phased SC cavities gives a seriously reason to consider such structure in proton radiotherapy. Superconductivity allow to solve at once some problems concerned with a low rate of energy gain, high length, higher capacity losses and higher cost of the proton linear accelerator subsequently. One of the traditional aims of such facilities is receiving of the beam energy about 240 MeV with possibility of fluently regulation in range from 150 to 240 MeV that responds to irradiate the tumors located at different depth. The possibility of beam energy variation by means of RF field phase in last resonators and number of the resonator turn-off becomes the major advantage of the proton SC linac. The optimal choice of accelerator parameters and the beam dynamics simulation results with using BEAMDULAC-SCL code will presented*. Methods of the output energy variation with beam quality preservation in the proton SC linac will discussed.
* A.V. Samoshin. Proc. of LINAC2012, Tel-Aviv, Israel, TUPB069, p. 630 - 632

TUPSA31

Magnetic System of Isochronous Cyclotron F250 for Proton Therapy Applications

cyclotron, synchro-cyclotron, vacuum, focusing

103

Yu.G. Alenitsky, E. Samsonov
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
N.L. Zaplatin
JINR/DLNP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia

In the Laboratory of Nuclear Problems of the JINR the possibility of designing of the isochronous cyclotron F250 with the energy of protons 250 MeV on the basis of magnet with the diameter of pole 6 m, which is used for the synchro-cyclotron is examined. Synchro-cyclotron many years works for obtaining the protons with the energy 680 MeV and with the intensity of extracted beam 2.5 mkA. For the solution of medical problems the required energy of protons comprises not more than 250 MeV and depends on the depth of the tumor arrangement inside a patient. For determining the required energy of protons the information about the mean free path of protons in the correspondence for the position of Bragg's peak in each case is used. Necessary energy of protons is obtained by means of degrader system providing a retarding the extracted beam of protons with 680 MeV to 250 MeV and less. In this case the utilized for medical purposes intensity of beam does not exceed 50 nA. The proposed cyclotron F250 will make it possible to strongly decrease the electric power of magnet and to avoid the need of beam degradation from 680 MeV to 250 MeV. For creating the required magnetic field of the cyclotron F250 it is necessary to change the form of steel spiral shims and disks, located inside a vacuum chamber of synchro-cyclotron. The basic parameters of the magnetic system of the cyclotron F250 with the condition of retaining the vacuum chamber and the magnet yoke of synchro-cyclotron are given.

TUPSA36

Measurement of the Dose Rate and the Radiation Spectrum of the Interaction of 2 MeV Proton Beam with a Variety of Structural Materials

neutron, target, radiation, vacuum

113

D.A. Kasatov, A.N. Makarov, I.M. Shchudlo, S.Yu. Taskaev
BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia

The paper presents the results of measurements of the spectrum and the radiation dose during irradiation of different construction materials with 2 MeV proton beam. There are shown the spectra of the induced activity of a number of materials and signals from the neutron detector. Based on the obtained results it is made the optimal choice of the target material, on which it is deposited a thin layer of lithium to generate epithermal neutrons used for boron neutron capture therapy of malignant tumors. Recommendations are given for materials desirable to use inside the high-energy beam transporting channel to reduce the dose of concomitant radiation.

TUPSA37

Measurement of the Spatial Distribution of Gamma Radiation at Tandem Accelerator with Vacuum Insulation

electron, radiation, vacuum, detector

116

I.M. Shchudlo, D.A. Kasatov, A.N. Makarov, S.Yu. Taskaev
BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia

In BINP the source of epithermal neutrons for BNCT based on the tandem accelerator with vacuum insulation and a lithium target was created and operates. The paper presents the study of the spatial distribution of the X-ray emission produced by the interaction of accelerated electrons with the materials of construction of the accelerator.

WEX03

Production of Accelerating Equipment for Nuclear Medicine in NIIEFA. Potentialities and Prospects

cyclotron, diagnostics, target, radiation

125

M.F. Vorogushin, Yu.N. Gavrish, A.P. Strokach
NIIEFA, St. Petersburg, Russia

The D.V.Efremov Institute (NIIEFA) is the leader in Russia in designing and manufacturing of the accelerating equipment for medicine. About one hundred of linear accelerators for the beam therapy and more than forty cyclotrons for production of radiopharmaceuticals have been designed, manufactured and delivered to clinics of Russia and some foreign countries. The equipment designed and manufactured in NIIEFA in its technical characteristics is on a par with foreign analogs and sufficiently cheaper in expenditures for personnel training, hardware and software compatibility, warranty and post-warranty service, delivery of spare parts and updating. In accordance with Federal Targeted Programs on the development of medical and pharmaceutical industries up to 2020, the production facilities, material and technical resources have been prepared for the organization of serial production of cyclotrons and gamma tomographs.

Slides WEX03 [0.901 MB]

WECA02

Radiobiological Research with Charged Particles Beams in ITEP

ion, experiment, heavy-ion, target

128

N.V. Markov, A. Golubev, A.V. Kantsyrev, I. Roudskoy
ITEP, Moscow, Russia
A. Golubev
MEPhI, Moscow, Russia

Radiobiological researches with heavy ions have been started at ITEP in 2006 on unique heavy ion accelerating facility ITEP-TWAC. The main purpose of these researches is study of the biological efficiency of carbon ions for different types of biological objects, such as tumor and normal cells, in the framework of the development of heavy ion therapy for cancer treatment in Russia. Another possible area of application of this research is the space radiobiology, studying stochastic and deterministic effects of ionizing radiation in the space environment on human. In this work the experimental setup for radiobiological research with heavy ions in ITEP, the dosimetry system for dose measurements and the results of the radiobiological researches with carbon ions are presented.

Slides WECA02 [16.246 MB]

WECA04

Accelerator Hadron Therapy Technique Developed at JINR

cyclotron, synchrotron, extraction, synchro-cyclotron

131

E. Syresin
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia

Accelerator hadron therapy technique is one of applied researches realized at JINR. The JINR-IBA collaboration has developed and constructed the C235-V3 cyclotron for Dimitrovgrad hospital center of the proton therapy. Proton transmission in C235-V3 from radius 0.3m to 1.03 m is 72% without beam cutting diaphragms; the extraction efficiency is 62%. The main advantage of this cyclotron in comparison with serial commercial cyclotrons of IBA is related to higher current of the extracted beam. The cancer treatment is realized in JINR on the phasotron proton beam. More than 1000 patients were treated there. A project of the demonstration center of the proton therapy is discussed on base of a superconducting 250 MeV synchrocyclotron. The superconducting synchrocyclotron is planned to install instead of phasotron in Medical Technical Complex of DLNP. The project of the medical carbon synchrotron together with superconducting gantry was developed in JINR. The basis of this medical accelerator is the superconducting JINR synchrotron – Nuclotron. One important feature of this project is related to the application of superconducting gantry.

Slides WECA04 [1.517 MB]

WEPSB05

Optimization of Electric Field Distribution Inside Multi-gap CH-Resonator

impedance, cavity, acceleration, rfq

164

S.E. Toporkov
MEPhI, Moscow, Russia

This paper presents the results of the electrodynamic modelling of the Crossbar H-mode (CH) resonator. The main goal was to get the uniform accelerating field distribution and to optimize effective shunt impedance. The initial model of the 324 MHz cavity consists of 7 equidistant RF gaps with the period length 46.26 mm. To optimize its electrodynamic characteristics the design contains pylons. Solution of the tuning task consists of several steps. Firstly it was chosen the optimal relation between the holding rod length and the pylon's height. Then the most significant improvement on the E-field distribution was introduced by optimizing the gap between end walls of the resonator and the pylon. The final adjustment of the field distribution and the tuning to the working frequency was performed by means of the holes in the pylon. Correct geometry increases effective shunt impedance from 55 MOhm/m to 80 MOhm/m and improves the field flatness to the 97%. The results of optimization the cavities for different particle velocities with 7,9 and 11 accelerating gaps and different aperture diameter are presented.

WEPSB08

Multi-beam Generator Cavity for the Proton Linear Accelerator Feeding System on 991 MHz Frequency Geometry Optimization

cavity, coupling, impedance, electron

171

E.A. Savin, S.V. Matsievskiy, N.P. Sobenin
MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
A.A. Zavadtsev
Nano, Moscow, Russia

For the proton linear accelerator feeding system 800 kW input power value is required. The system consists from pillbox cavity with six beam tubes connected to the rectangular waveguide as a power output system is designed. In case of using high voltage gun with modulated six-bunch injection, this system allows to transform the energy of electron bunches which flies throw beam tubes to accelerating section feeding power. Different types of the structure geometry were calculated. The whole structure consists both from generator cavity and accelerating structure has been designed.

WEPSB16

Studying of the Accompanying Charged Particles in the Tandem Accelerator with Vacuum Insulation

detector, vacuum, neutron, target

189

A.N. Makarov, D.A. Kasatov, I.M. Shchudlo, S.Yu. Taskaev
BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia

On the tandem accelerator with vacuum insulation in a steady long mode it was obtained 1.6 mA current of protons with 2 MeV energy. It was studied the one of the possible reasons of current limitation – the appearance of accompanying charged particles during acceleration of the ion beam. The paper presents and discusses the results of the accompanying beam measurement using a special detector. The detector registered an opposite positive current in the range of 80-170 mkA, which is directly dependent on vacuum conditions in the accelerator. Also it was measured the dependence of the dose rate on the total current in the accelerating gap. These measurements confirmed that injected H⁻ beam ionizes residual and stripping gas mainly in the area before the first electrode and two proposals were made to minimize the accompanying current.

WEPSB18

Modification of the Argon Stripping Target of the Tandem Accelerator

target, ion, vacuum, tandem-accelerator

194

Y.M. Ostreinov, A.N. Makarov, S.Yu. Taskaev, P. Vobly
BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia

The paper presents and discusses the project of modified gas stripping target. The idea of the target modification is the following. Inside the high-voltage electrode just behind inlet aperture it is proposed to apply 1 T transverse magnetic field using a two-pole permanent magnets. Similar magnets at the exit of the stripping target return proton beam back to the axis of accelerator channel. In this geometry not only significant suppression of ion penetration of the stripping gas into the accelerating channel can be achieved, but also a significant improvement of vacuum conditions in the accelerating channel and reduction of the ultraviolet radiation from the plasma in the stripping target. It is enough to shift the stripping target to a distance greater than the aperture (20 mm) in the high-voltage electrode and to implement a differential gas pumping. The paper presents results of trajectory calculation of the injected ion beam in Comsol Multiphysics. The geometry of the magnetic system and the system of differential gas pumping using turbomolecular pump installed inside the high-voltage electrode are presented.

WEPSB20

Experimental Study of the Time Dependence of the Activity of Delayed Neutrons in the Fission of 235U by Neutrons from the Reaction 7Li(p, n) on the Electrostatic Accelerator EG-1

neutron, experiment, detector, target

200

K.V. Mitrofanov, A.S. Egorov, D.E. Gremyachkin, V.F. Mitrofanov, V.M. Piksaikin, B.F. Samylin
IPPE, Obninsk, Russia

In the present work the installation created on the basis of the accelerator EG-1 (IPPE) for the experimental studies of the time dependence of delayed neutron activity from neutron induced fission of 235U is described. Measurements were carried out with neutron beam generated with the help of the 7Li(p, n) reaction. The lower limit of the investigated time range was governed by the proton beam switching system that was 20 ms. It was shown that the temporary characteristics of delayed neutrons from the fission of 235U by epithermal neutrons is consistent with the time dependence which at present is recommended as a standard. In case of the fast neutron induced fission of 235U the measured decay curve of delayed neutrons shows excess of counting rate in the time interval 0.01-0.2 s as compared with the decay curve corresponding to the recommended data.

WEPSB23

Set-up for Measurements of Delayed Neutron Characteristics in Interaction of Heavy Nuclei with Relativistic Protons of the Synchrocyclotron PINP Gatchina

neutron, detector, synchro-cyclotron, experiment

209

A.S. Egorov, V.F. Mitrofanov, V.M. Piksaikin, B.F. Samylin
IPPE, Obninsk, Russia

In the present paper the method and set-up for measurements of delayed neutron characteristics in interaction of heavy nuclei with relativistic protons are described. On the basis of this method the time dependence of delayed neutron activity has been measured from interaction of 238U sample with 1 GeV pulsed proton beam of the synchrocyclotron of the Petersburg Institute of Nuclear Physics, Gatchina. The measured data was analyzed in frame of 8-group precursor's model with a unified set of half-lives. Obtained results on the fractional yields of delayed neutrons are compared with the appropriate data from the fast neutron induced fission of 238U.

WEPSB24

Comparison of Biological Impact of Proton and Ion Beams in Radiation Treatment

target, ion, scattering, heavy-ion

211

M.M. Kats
ITEP, Moscow, Russia

The work contains the comparison of biological doses' distribution calculated for treatment of the same targets by proton and ion beams. Advantages of the ion beam are shown for targets with different sizes and with different depths.

WEPSB25

PRIOR Proton Microscope

target, experiment, vacuum, quadrupole

214

D. Varentsov, P.M. Lang, M.E. Rodionova, L. Shestov, K. Weyrich
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
A.V. Bakhmutova, A.V. Bogdanov, A. Golubev, A.V. Kantsyrev, N.V. Markov, V.A. Panyushkin, A.I. Semennikov, V. Skachkov
ITEP, Moscow, Russia
C.W. Barnes, F.G. Mariam, F.E. Merrill, C. Wilde
LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
S.V. Efimov, Y. Krasik, O. Oleg
Technion, Haifa, Israel
A. Golubev
MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
S. Udrea
TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
A.N. Zubareva
IPCP, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, Russia

Funding: Joint Helmholtz-ROSATOM FAIR-Russia Research Centre (HGF-IVF-IK-Ru-002)
The new proton radiography facility PRIOR* (Proton microscope for FAIR) was developed at SIS-18 accelerator at GSI (Darmstadt, Germany). PRIOR setup is designed for measurement, with high spatial resolution up to 10 mkm, of density distribution of static and dynamic objects by using a proton beam with energy up to 4.5 GeV. The magnetic system of the PRIOR beam-line consists of two sections. The first, matching section, contains electromagnetic-quadruple lenses and provides formation of a proton beam for the objects imaging task (beam size, angular distribution). The second section is a magnification (K ~4) section that consists of four Permanent Magnet Quadruples (PMQ) lenses. Tungsten collimators, installed at central plane of magnification section, provides regulation of contrast of the proton-radiographic images. Investigated object installed between first and second section. The registration system for static experiments consists of CsI scintillator and plastic scintillator (Bicron BC-412) for dynamic one with two types of intensified CCD cameras: PCO DiMAX and PCO DicamPro. In the first experiments with static objects with 3.6 Gev proton, was demonstrated a spatial resolution of 30 mkm. Dynamic commissioning was performed with target based on underwater electrical wires explosion with electrical pulse with current amplitude of ~200 kA and time duration of few microseconds.
* Merrill F.E. et al., Proton microscopy at FAIR, AIP Conf. Proc. 1195, 2009, p.667

WEPSB31

Project of Demonstration Center of the Proton Therapy at DLNP JINR

synchro-cyclotron, extraction, cyclotron, emittance

228

E. Syresin, G.A. Karamysheva, M.Y. Kazarinov, N.A. Morozov, G.V. Mytzin, N.G. Shakun
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
J. Bokor
STU, Bratislava, Slovak Republic

JINR is one of the leading proton therapy research centers of the in Russia. The modern technique of 3D conformal proton radiotherapy was first effectuated in Russia in this center, and now it is effectively used in regular treatment sessions. A special Medico-Technical Complex was created at JINR on the basis of the phasotron used for proton treatment. About 100 patients undergo a course of fractionated treatment here every year. During last 14 years were treated by proton beams about more than 1000 patients . A project of the demonstration center of the proton therapy is discussed on base of a superconducting 250 MeV synchrocyclotron. The superconducting synchrocyclotron is planned to install instead of phasotron in Medical Technical Complex of DLNP. The new transport channel is designed for beam delivery to the JINR medical cabin.

WEPSB37

Interdisciplinary Glossary – Particle Accelerators and Medicine

radiation, interface, diagnostics, electron

243

V.S. Dyubkov, V.V. Dmitriyeva, V.G. Nikitaev
MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
S.E. Ulin
MEPHI, Moscow, Russia

A general concept of a new interdisciplinary glossary, which includes particle accelerator terminology used in medicine, as well as relevant medical concepts, is presented. Its structure and usage rules are described. An example, illustrating the quickly searching technique of relevant information in this Glossary, is considered. A website address, where one can get an access to the Glossary, is specified. Glossary can be refined and supplemented.

WEPSB44

Neutron Radiation Monitoring of the Therapeutic Proton Beam Transportation

neutron, radiation, monitoring, beam-transport

262

V.M. Skorkin
RAS/INR, Moscow, Russia

A monitoring system online controls a therapeutic proton beam by measuring a secondary neutron radiation from the beam losses. The system consists of neutron detectors in the transport path passage from Linac to the facility of proton therapy and terminal controller connected to the computer. The neutron detectors measure a level of the secondary neutron radiation in real time along of the transport channel, near the formative elements. The system of the neutron detectors registers temporal variations of the beam intensity in local areas transport medical channel. These changes arise are due to changes in operating mode of the channels or instability of the elements forming the beam. The monitoring system allows to determine a intensity and temporal structure of the therapeutic beam and to detect mode and instability of the formative elements.

THCE01

INR RAS Linac Proton Injector 100 Hz PRR Operation Mode

operation, high-voltage, simulation, linac

306

A. Belov, O.T. Frolov, L.P. Nechaeva, E.S. Nikulin, A.V. Turbabin, V. Zubets
RAS/INR, Moscow, Russia

The injector provides INR RAS linac by proton beam with energy 400 keV, 200 mks pulse duration at pulse repetition rate 50 Hz. PRR of the proton injector has been increased to 100 Hz with goal of rising the accelerator average beam current. Main stages and results of the injector modernization are presented.

Slides THCE01 [3.518 MB]

THPSC01

Status of Linacs with High-frequency Quadrupole Focusing LU-30 and LU-30M in IHEP

rfq, operation, linac, DTL

312

S.A. Strekalovskikh
IHEP, Moscow Region, Russia

There are two RFQ DT proton linacs, named the LU-30 and LU-30M, in the SRC IHEP of NRC "Kurchatov Institute" that are presently in operation. Both are the unique machines employing radio-frequency quadrupole focusing up to 30 MeV at exit. The LU-30 machine now runs as a proton injector to the booster RC PS U-1.5 that feeds the main PS U-70 ultimately. The LU-30M is now run in a stand-alone test operation mode. Such a parallel functioning of these two accelerators allows to use the LU-30M as an experimental facility enabling R&D on new technical decisions and upgrades for the ageing LU-30. On the other hand, the routine operation of the workhorse LU-30 allows for testing of the technical decisions proposed under a heavy non-stop operation during the U-70 runs for fixed-target physics.

THPSC02

Geometry of Quadrupole Magnet for the U-3.5 Accelerator in the OMEGA Project

multipole, quadrupole, hadron, synchrotron

315

L. Tkachenko, S. Kozub, P.A. Shcherbakov
IHEP, Moscow Region, Russia

Accelerating complex of intensive beams of charged particles (project Omega) is being developed at IHEP. The main part of this complex is 3.5 GeV ring accelerator. The basic parameters of the quadrupole magnet for this ring are: 5.564 T/m central gradient in the 10².9 mm radius of the "good field"; the injection gradient is 1.222 T/m; the gradient ramp rate is 334 T/m/s. Different profiles of the poles were considered for the purpose of selecting the most optimal 2D and 3D geometries of the magnet. The basic parameters of the optimal geometries are presented.

THPSC03

Study of Superconducting Accelerating Structures for Megawatt Proton Driver Linac

cavity, linac, simulation, accelerating-gradient

318

S.M. Polozov, K.A. Aliev, A.M. Fadeev, M. Gusarova, T. Kulevoy, M.V. Lalayan, N.P. Sobenin, O. Verjbitskiy
MEPhI, Moscow, Russia

Funding: This project was supported by the Ministry of Science and Education of Russia under contract No. 14.516.11.0084
The preliminary design of megawatt level proton accelerator-driver is carrying out by collaboration between Russian scientific centers MEPhI, ITEP, Kurchatov Institute. This project was supported in 2013 by the Ministry of Science and Education of Russia. The linac general layout includes SC Spoke-cavities at middle energy range and elliptical cavity at high energy one. The usage of QWR and/or HWR at 10-30 MeV was also discussed. Due to electrodynamics models of all structures types were designed and the electrodynamics characteristics were studied. QWR, HWQ and Spoke-cavities were proposed to operate on 324 MHz and elliptical cavities on 972 MHz. The main electrodynamics simulation results will present in report. The multipactor study results will also discussed.

THPSC05

Study of Possibility of 600-1000 MeV and 1 MW Proton Driver Linac Development in Russia

linac, focusing, rfq, simulation

324

S.M. Polozov, A.E. Aksentyev, K.A. Aliev, I.A. Ashanin, Y.A. Bashmakov, A.A. Blinnikov, T.V. Bondarenko, A.N. Didenko, M.S. Dmitriyev, V.V. Dmitriyeva, V.S. Dyubkov, A.M. Fadeev, A. Fertman, M. Gusarova, A.A. Kalashnikova, V.I. Kaminsky, E. Khabibullina, Yu.D. Kliuchevskaia, A.D. Kolyaskin, T. Kulevoy, M.V. Lalayan, S.V. Matsievskiy, V.I. Rashchikov, A.V. Samoshin, E.A. Savin, Ya.V. Shashkov, A.Yu. Smirnov, N.P. Sobenin, S.E. Toporkov, O. Verjbitskiy, A.V. Ziiatdinova, V. Zvyagintsev
MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
P.N. Alekseev, V.A. Nevinnitsa
NRC, Moscow, Russia
V.F. Batyaev, G. Kropachev, D.A. Liakin, S.V. Rogozhkin, Y.E. Titarenko
ITEP, Moscow, Russia
S. Stark
INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy

Funding: This project was supported by the Ministry of Science and Education of Russia under contract No. 14.516.11.0084
Alternative nuclear energetic's technologies as fast reactors and accelerating driven systems (ADS) are necessary to solve a number of problems as U-238 or thorium fuel reactor and nuclear wastes transmutation. ADS subcritical system should consist of megawatt-power proton accelerator, neutron producing target and breeder. A number of ADS projects are under development in EU, Japan, USA, China, S.Korea at present. Superconducting linacs or their complexes with high energy storage synchrotron are under design in main projects as a megawatt power proton beam driver. In Russian Federation the complex design for accelerator-driver was carried down more than ten years ago. The new approach to the ADS complex is now under development in framework of the project carried out by collaboration between Russian scientific centers MEPhI, ITEP, Kurchatov Institute. This project was supported in 2013 by the Ministry of Science and Education of Russia. A brief results observation for accelerator part of the project is presented in report. It includes accelerator-driver general layout, beam dynamics simulation, electrodynamics simulations of accelerating cavities and analysis of technological background in Russia.

THPSC45

Use of Fast Magnetic Beam Raster System for INR Isotope Production Facility

target, isotope-production, controls, vacuum

426

O. Volodkevich, S. Bragin, A. Feschenko, O.V. Grekhov, Yu.V. Kiselev, V.M. Kokhanyuk, V.N. Mikhailov, A.N. Mirzojan, V.L. Serov
RAS/INR, Moscow, Russia

Fast magnetic beam raster system for INR isotope production facility is developed and implemented. The system enables to increase the isotope production efficiency by providing a possibility of using a higher intensity proton beam on the target of the isotope production facility. First experimental results of system application for irradiation of the targets are presented.

FRCA02

Time Dependence of Ion Beam Transverse Phase-Space Portrait Orientation During Linac Proton Injector Pulse

ion, high-voltage, ion-source, focusing

459

O.T. Frolov, A. Belov, S.E. Golubovskiy, E.S. Nikulin, V. Zubets
RAS/INR, Moscow, Russia

As a result of analysis conducted a transients of the 400 kV column intermediate electrode potential have been determined as one of the main processes responsible for change of beam phase-space portrait orientation during 200 mks, 50 Hz proton injector high voltage accelerating pulse. Beam transport simulation shows high sensitivity of the beam phase-space portrait orientation to variation of the intermediate electrode potential. It has been found that significant variation of this potential takes place due to transition process during a pulse in the capacitor-resistor voltage water divider of the accelerating tube. The divider capacities matching procedure has been performed. The beam emittance measurements results have shown that within the accuracy of observation the beam transverse phase-space portrait orientation remains constant during injector pulse with the accelerating tube voltage divider being compensated.

Slides FRCA02 [0.824 MB]

FRCB02

Dynamics of Processes in Subcritical Reactor Driven by Linear Accelerator

neutron, controls, feedback, linac

467

A.G. Golovkina, I.V. Kudinovich, D.A. Ovsyannikov
St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
Y.A. Svistunov
Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia

Funding: St. Petersburg State University, grant No. 9.38.673.2013
In this paper dynamics of processes in accelerator driven system (ADS) is considered. ADS reactor operates at subcritical level and the necessary neutron supply comes from the interaction of a charged particles beam with a heavy atom nucleus (spallation reaction). Mathematical model of dynamics of subcritical reactor controlled by linear accelerator is presented. Calculation results of transient processes in the reactor core taking into account fuel feedback. The reactor power level control is carried out through the regulation of linac current impulses frequency.