IPAC2021 - List of Keywords (heavy-ion)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOPAB025	First Experiments with Accelerated Ion Beams in the Booster of NICA Accelerator Complex	booster, injection, power-supply, electron	123
	A.V. Butenko, V. Andreev, A.M. Bazanov, O.I. Brovko, D.E. Donets, A.V. Eliseev, I.V. Gorelyshev, A.V. Konstantinov, S.A. Kostromin, O.S. Kozlov, K.A. Levterov, A. Nesterov, A.V. Philippov, D.O. Ponkin, G.S. Sedykh, I.V. Shirikov, A.O. Sidorin, E. Syresin, A. Tuzikov, V. Volkov JINR/VBLHEP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia N.N. Agapov, A.V. Alfeev, A.A. Baldin, A.A. Fateev, A.R. Galimov, B.V. Golovenskiy, E.V. Gorbachev, A. Govorov, E.V. Ivanov, V. Karpinsky, V.D. Kekelidze, H.G. Khodzhibagiyan, A. Kirichenko, A.G. Kobets, S.A. Korovkin, V. Kosachev, A.D. Kovalenko, G. Kunchenko, I.N. Meshkov, V.A. Mikhailov, V.A. Monchinsky, D. Nikiforov, R.V. Pivin, S. Romanov, A.A. Shurygin, A.I. Sidorov, A.N. Svidetelev, G.V. Trubnikov, B. Vasilishin JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia G.A. Fatkin Cosylab Siberia, Novosibirsk, Russia
	The NICA accelerator complex in JINR consist of two linear injector chains, a 578 MeV/u superconducting (SC) Booster synchrotron, the existing SC synchrotron Nuclotron, and a new SC collider that has two storage rings. The construction of the facility is based on the Nuclotron technology of SC magnets with an iron yoke and hollow SC cable. Assembly of the Booster synchrotron was finished in autumn of 2020 and first machine Run and experiments with ion beams were successfully done in December 2020. The results of this Run are discussed in this paper.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB025
About •	paper received ※ 16 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 07 September 2021 issue date ※ 15 August 2021
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

MOPAB175	Advanced Concepts and Technologies for Heavy Ion Synchrotrons	laser, synchrotron, electron, space-charge	594
	P.J. Spiller, O. Boine-Frankenheim, L.H.J. Bozyk, S. Klammes, H. Kollmus, D. Ondreka, I. Pongrac, N. Pyka, C. Roux, K. Sugita, St. Wilfert, T. Winkler, D.F.A. Winters GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
	New concepts and technologies are developed to advance the performance of heavy ion synchrotrons. Besides fast ramping of superconducting magnets, extreme UHV technologies to stabilize dynamic vacuum and charge related loss, broad band MA cavities, space charge compensation by means of electron lenses and new cooling technologies, e.g. laser cooling, show great promise to advance the forefront of beam parameters. Several of these technologies and concepts are developed and tested at GSI/FAIR. Progress and plans will be reported.
	Poster MOPAB175 [1.367 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB175
About •	paper received ※ 11 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 21 May 2021 issue date ※ 20 August 2021
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUXC08	Simulation and Beam Experiments of a Multi-Harmonics Buncher in SSC-Linac	linac, simulation, experiment, rfq	1319
	Q.Y. Kong, H. Du, P. Jin, L. Jing, X.N. Li, Z.S. Li, Zh. Liu, J.W. Xia, X. Yin, Y. Zhang IMP/CAS, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
	Funding: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 11375243) and Guangdong Innovative and Entrepreneurial Research Team Program(No.2016ZT06G373). A compact dual-gap Multi-Harmonics Buncher has been successfully used at the SSC-Linac, a linear accelerator dedicates to beam injection into SSC in HIRFL. SSC-Linac operates at 53.667MHz, which is forth time of the RF frequency of the SSC. In order to increase the longitudinal capture efficiency, and enhance the current out of SSC, an independent MHB(Multi-Harmonics Buncher) had been installed into the LEBT of SSC-Linac. The fundamental frequency of the MHB is 13.417MHz. The buncher adopts the mechanical structure of dual-gap and sawtooth waveform is generated by multi-harmonics synthetic technology. Beam performance simulation with MHB have been done with code BEAMPATH. Besides, 84Kr¹⁴⁺ beam has been bunched successfully using the MHB in our experiments, the maximum bunch efficiency of 86.1% has been measured in experiments.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUXC08
About •	paper received ※ 31 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 12 July 2021 issue date ※ 11 August 2021
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPAB169	Overall Concept Design of a Heavy-Ion Injector for XiPAF-Upgrading	rfq, DTL, LEBT, ion-source	1781
	P.F. Ma, C.T. Du, X. Guan, Y. Lei, M.W. Wang, X.W. Wang, Q.Z. Xing, X.D. Yu, S.X. Zheng TUB, Beijing, People’s Republic of China W. Chen, W.L. Liu, W. Lv, M.T. Qiu, B.C. Wang, D. Wang, M.C. Wang, Z.M. Wang, Y.H. Yan, M.T. Zhao NINT, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
	A heavy-ion injector can be used for SEE study. In this paper, the primary beam dynamics design of a heavy-ion injector for the XiPAF upgrade is presented. The injector consists of an ECR heavy-ion source, a LEBT, an RFQ, and a DTL. The mass charge ratio can be up to 6.5. The RFQ can accelerate heavy ions to 500 keV/u, and the DTL can accelerate the ions to 2 MeV/u, which can meet the requirement of the synchrotron.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB169
About •	paper received ※ 16 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 16 June 2021 issue date ※ 11 August 2021
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPAB172	Quadrupole Magnet Design for a Heavy-Ion IH-DTL	quadrupole, DTL, proton, linac	1793
	P.F. Ma, C.T. Du, X. Guan, M.W. Wang, X.W. Wang, Y.L. Wang, Q.Z. Xing, X.D. Yu, S.X. Zheng TUB, Beijing, People’s Republic of China W. Chen, W.L. Liu, W. Lv, M.T. Qiu, B.C. Wang, D. Wang, M.C. Wang, Z.M. Wang, Y.H. Yan, M.T. Zhao NINT, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
	Xi’an Proton Application Facility (XiPAF) will be upgraded to provide heavy-ion beams with a heavy-ion injector. The injector consists of an ECR heavy-ion source, a Low Energy Beam Transport line (LEBT), a Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ), an Interdigital H-mode Drift Tube Linac (IH-DTL), and a Linac to Ring Beam Transport line (LRBT). The IH-DTL can accelerate the ions with mass to charge up to 6.5 from 0.4 MeV/u to 2 MeV/u. To provide transverse focusing, the electro-magnetic quadrupoles are installed inside the drift tubes of IH-DTL, thus the magnet needs to be high-gradient and compact. This paper gives the quadrupole magnet design for the heavy-ion IH-DTL. The results show that the quadrupole magnet design can meet the requirements.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB172
About •	paper received ※ 08 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 21 June 2021 issue date ※ 23 August 2021
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPAB189	Design and Simulation of Beam Transport Lines of DC140 Cyclotron	quadrupole, cyclotron, radiation, target	1845
	V.I. Lisov, N.S. Kirilkin, A.S. Zabanov JINR/FLNR, Moscow region, Russia I.V. Kalagin, N.Yu. Kazarinov, S.V. Mitrofanov, V.A. Semin JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
	Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reaction of Joint Institute for Nuclear Research carries out the works under creating of FLNR JINR Irradiation Facility based on the cyclotron DC140. The DC140 cyclotron is intended for acceleration of heavy ions with mass-to-charge ratio A/Z within interval from 5 to 5.5 up to two fixed energies 2.124 and 4.8 MeV per unit mass. The intensity of the accelerated ions will be about 1 pmcA for light ions (A<86) and about 0.1 pmcA for heavier ions (A>132). The beam transport system has three lines: for SEE testing of microchip, for production of track membranes and for solving of applied physics problems. The design and simulation of the beam transport system from cyclotron is presented in this report. The beam focusing in the beam lines is provided by set of quadrupole lenses. The beam diagnostics system consists of the Faraday caps, luminophores and the magnetic scanning system.
	Poster TUPAB189 [0.958 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB189
About •	paper received ※ 14 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 02 June 2021 issue date ※ 17 August 2021
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPAB383	Magnetic Field Performance of the First Serial Quadrupole Units for the SIS100 Synchrotron of FAIR	quadrupole, synchrotron, multipole, cryogenics	2417
	V.V. Borisov, O. Golubitsky, H.G. Khodzhibagiyan, B.Yu. Kondratiev, M.M. Shandov JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia E.S. Fischer, M.A. Kashunin, S.A. Kostromin, I. Nikolaichuk, T. Parfylo, A.V. Shemchuk, D.A. Zolotykh JINR/VBLHEP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
	The FAIR project is a new international accelerator complex, currently under construction in Darmstadt, Germany. The heavy-ion synchrotron SIS100 is the main accelerator of the whole complex. It will provide high-intensity primary beams with a magnetic rigidity of 100 Tm and a maximum repetition rate up to 4 Hz. The series production and testing of superconducting quadrupole units began in 2020 at JINR, Dubna. The first batch of units was delivered to Germany in September 2020. Each unit is subjected to a comprehensive testing program both at ambient temperature and under cryogenic conditions. We present the performance characteristics of the first quadrupole units (consisting of a lattice quadrupole magnet and correcting magnet mechanically and hydraulically coupled to a quadrupole). The main attention is paid to the field quality of the series of 6 quadrupoles measured by the same probe.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB383
About •	paper received ※ 19 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 02 June 2021 issue date ※ 01 September 2021
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPAB391	Cryopanels in the Room Temperature Heavy Ion Synchrotron SIS18	simulation, vacuum, cryogenics, quadrupole	2435
	S. Aumüller, L.H.J. Bozyk, P.J. Spiller GSI, Darmstadt, Germany K. Blaum MPI-K, Heidelberg, Germany
	The FAIR complex at the GSI Helmholtzzentrum will generate heavy ion beams of ultimate intensities. To achieve this goal, medium charge states have to be used. However, the probability for charge exchange in collisions with residual gas particles of such ions is much higher than for higher charge states. In order to lower the residual gas density to extreme high vacuum conditions, 65% of the circumference of SIS18 are already coated with NEG, which provides high and distributed pumping speed. Nevertheless, nobel and nobel-like components, which have very high ionization cross sections, do not get pumped by this coating. A cryogenic environment at moderate temperatures, i.e. at 50-80K, provides high pumping speed for all heavy residual gas particles. The only typical residual gas species, that cannot be pumped at this temperature is hydrogen. With an additional NEG coating the pumping will be optimized for all residual gas particles. The installation of cryogenic surfaces in the existing room temperature synchrotron SIS18 at GSI has been investigated. A prototype quadrupole chamber with cryogenic surfaces, first measurements, and simulations of the adapted accelerator are presented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB391
About •	paper received ※ 19 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 31 August 2021 issue date ※ 25 August 2021
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPAB402	Review of Technologies for Ion Therapy Accelerators	synchrotron, extraction, proton, linac	2465
	H.X.Q. Norman, R.B. Appleby, A.F. Steinberg UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom E. Benedetto TERA, Novara, Italy E. Benedetto, M. Sapinski CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland H.L. Owen STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom H.L. Owen Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom M. Sapinski GSI, Darmstadt, Germany S.L. Sheehy The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
	Cancer therapy using protons and heavier ions such as carbon has demonstrated advantages over other radiotherapy treatments. To bring about the next generation of clinical facilities, the requirements are likely to reduce the footprint, obtain beam intensities above 1E10 particles per spill, and achieve faster extraction for more rapid, flexible treatment. This review follows the technical development of ion therapy, discussing how machine parameters have evolved, as well as trends emerging in technologies for novel treatments such as FLASH. To conclude, the future prospects of ion therapy accelerators are evaluated.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB402
About •	paper received ※ 19 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 28 July 2021 issue date ※ 24 August 2021
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEXA06	Study of Pb-Pb and Pb-p Collision Debris in the CERN LHC in View of HL-LHC Operation	operation, proton, luminosity, hadron	2528
	M. Sabaté-Gilarte, R. Bruce, F. Cerutti, A. Lechner CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
	Funding: Research supported by the HL-LHC project For the first time, a full characterization of the Pb-Pb and Pb-p collision debris as well as its impact in terms of energy deposition in the long straight section (LSS) of CERN’s Large Hadron Collider has been carried out. By means of Monte Carlo simulations with FLUKA, both inelastic nuclear interaction and electromagnetic dissociation were taken into account as source term for lead ion operation, while for Pb-p operation only nuclear interaction is of importance. The radiation exposure of detectors exclusively destined for ion beam runs is assessed, allowing drawing implications of their use. This work gave the opportunity for an unprecedented validation of simulation results against measurement of beam loss monitors (BLM) in the experimental LSS during ion operation. Pb-Pb operation refers to the 2018 ion run at 6.37 TeV per charge with a +160 microrad half crossing angle in the vertical plane at the ATLAS interaction point. Instead, Pb-p operation was benchmarked for the 2016 ion run at 6.5 TeV per charge with -140 microrad half crossing angle in the vertical plane at the same location.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEXA06
About •	paper received ※ 18 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 05 July 2021 issue date ※ 22 August 2021
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPAB025	Collimation Strategies for Secondary Beams in FCC-hh Ion-Ion Operation	secondary-beams, collider, simulation, site	2652
	J.R. Hunt, R. Bruce, F. Carra, F. Cerutti, J. Guardia, J. Molson CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The target peak luminosity of the CERN FCC-hh during Pb-Pb collisions is more than a factor of 50 greater than that achieved by the LHC in 2018. As a result, the intensity of secondary beams produced in collisions at the interaction points will be significantly higher than previously experienced. With up to 72 kW deposited in a localised region by a single secondary beam type, namely the one originated by Bound Free Pair Production (BFPP), it is essential to develop strategies to safely intercept these beams, including the ones from ElectroMagnetic Dissociation (EMD), in order to ensure successful FCC-hh Pb-Pb operation. A series of beam tracking and energy deposition simulations were performed to determine the optimal solution for handling the impact of such beams. In this contribution the most advanced results are presented, with a discussion of different options.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB025
About •	paper received ※ 18 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 02 July 2021 issue date ※ 18 August 2021
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPAB176	Acceleration of He⁺ Beams for Injection Into NICA Booster During its First Run	ion-source, rfq, booster, injection	3016
	K.A. Levterov, V.P. Akimov, D.S. Letkin, D.O. Leushin, V.V. Mialkovskiy JINR/VBLHEP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia A.M. Bazanov, A.V. Butenko, D.E. Donets, D. Egorov, A.R. Galimov, B.V. Golovenskiy, A. Govorov, V.V. Kobets, A.D. Kovalenko, D.A. Lyuosev, A.A. Martynov, V.A. Monchinsky, D.O. Ponkin, I.V. Shirikov, A.O. Sidorin, E. Syresin, G.V. Trubnikov, A. Tuzikov JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia H. Höltermann, H. Podlech BEVATECH, Frankfurt, Germany U. Ratzinger, A. Schempp IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
	Heavy Ion Linear Accelerator (HILAC) is designed to accelerate the heavy ions with ratio A/Z<=6.25 produced by ESIS ion source up to the 3.2 MeV for the injection into superconducting synchrotron (SC) Booster. HILAC was commissioned in 2018 using the carbon beams from Laser Ion Source (LIS). The project output energy was verified. Transmission could be estimated only for DTL structure because of the presence at the RFQ input the mixture of ions with different charge states extracted from laser-plasma. To estimate transmission through the whole linac the ion source producing the only species He⁺ was designed. The beams of He⁺ ions were used for the first run of SC Booster. The design of the helium ion source and results of the He⁺ beam acceleration and injection are described.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB176
About •	paper received ※ 19 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 11 June 2021 issue date ※ 22 August 2021
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPAB355	Series Production of the SIS100 Cryocatchers	quadrupole, site, vacuum, cryogenics	3529
	L.H.J. Bozyk, S. Ahmed, P.J. Spiller GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
	The superconducting heavy ion synchrotron SIS100, which is the main accelerator of the FAIR-facility will be equipped with cryocatcher to suppress dynamic vacuum effects and to assure a reliable operation of high intensity heavy-ion beams. Subsequent to the successful validation of the prototype in 2011 as well as a First-of-Series cryocatcher, the series production of 60 cryocatcher modules meanwhile has been completed. It was released in 2018 after further design optimizations. Key findings from the series production and acceptance tests are presented as well. The First-of-Series cryocatcher has been integrated into the First-of-Series quadrupole module and has undergone several tests. These results are also illustrated in this report.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB355
About •	paper received ※ 19 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 06 July 2021 issue date ※ 16 August 2021
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPAB244	Design of Interdigital H-Mode Re-Buncher at KoBRA Beamline	cavity, bunching, impedance, simulation	4285
	Y. Lee, E.-S. Kim KUS, Sejong, Republic of Korea
	KOrea Broad acceptance Recoil spectrometer & Apparatus (KOBRA) is an experimental facility for low energy nuclear physics in the heavy ion accelerator complex RAON. Two re-buncher systems at KOBRA beamline are required to longitudinally focus the 40Ar⁹⁺ with 27MeV/u. The normal conducting IH resonator with seven-gap as the re-buncher structure was chosen because of the reduction in the risk of particulate contamination and total power consumption. In this paper, the detailed design results of the 162.5 MHz IH re-buncher cavity will be presented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB244
About •	paper received ※ 19 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 27 July 2021 issue date ※ 24 August 2021
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

MOPAB025

First Experiments with Accelerated Ion Beams in the Booster of NICA Accelerator Complex

booster, injection, power-supply, electron

123

A.V. Butenko, V. Andreev, A.M. Bazanov, O.I. Brovko, D.E. Donets, A.V. Eliseev, I.V. Gorelyshev, A.V. Konstantinov, S.A. Kostromin, O.S. Kozlov, K.A. Levterov, A. Nesterov, A.V. Philippov, D.O. Ponkin, G.S. Sedykh, I.V. Shirikov, A.O. Sidorin, E. Syresin, A. Tuzikov, V. Volkov
JINR/VBLHEP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
N.N. Agapov, A.V. Alfeev, A.A. Baldin, A.A. Fateev, A.R. Galimov, B.V. Golovenskiy, E.V. Gorbachev, A. Govorov, E.V. Ivanov, V. Karpinsky, V.D. Kekelidze, H.G. Khodzhibagiyan, A. Kirichenko, A.G. Kobets, S.A. Korovkin, V. Kosachev, A.D. Kovalenko, G. Kunchenko, I.N. Meshkov, V.A. Mikhailov, V.A. Monchinsky, D. Nikiforov, R.V. Pivin, S. Romanov, A.A. Shurygin, A.I. Sidorov, A.N. Svidetelev, G.V. Trubnikov, B. Vasilishin
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
G.A. Fatkin
Cosylab Siberia, Novosibirsk, Russia

The NICA accelerator complex in JINR consist of two linear injector chains, a 578 MeV/u superconducting (SC) Booster synchrotron, the existing SC synchrotron Nuclotron, and a new SC collider that has two storage rings. The construction of the facility is based on the Nuclotron technology of SC magnets with an iron yoke and hollow SC cable. Assembly of the Booster synchrotron was finished in autumn of 2020 and first machine Run and experiments with ion beams were successfully done in December 2020. The results of this Run are discussed in this paper.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB025

About •

paper received ※ 16 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 07 September 2021 issue date ※ 15 August 2021

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

MOPAB175

Advanced Concepts and Technologies for Heavy Ion Synchrotrons

laser, synchrotron, electron, space-charge

594

P.J. Spiller, O. Boine-Frankenheim, L.H.J. Bozyk, S. Klammes, H. Kollmus, D. Ondreka, I. Pongrac, N. Pyka, C. Roux, K. Sugita, St. Wilfert, T. Winkler, D.F.A. Winters
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany

New concepts and technologies are developed to advance the performance of heavy ion synchrotrons. Besides fast ramping of superconducting magnets, extreme UHV technologies to stabilize dynamic vacuum and charge related loss, broad band MA cavities, space charge compensation by means of electron lenses and new cooling technologies, e.g. laser cooling, show great promise to advance the forefront of beam parameters. Several of these technologies and concepts are developed and tested at GSI/FAIR. Progress and plans will be reported.

Poster MOPAB175 [1.367 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB175

About •

paper received ※ 11 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 21 May 2021 issue date ※ 20 August 2021

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUXC08

Simulation and Beam Experiments of a Multi-Harmonics Buncher in SSC-Linac

linac, simulation, experiment, rfq

1319

Q.Y. Kong, H. Du, P. Jin, L. Jing, X.N. Li, Z.S. Li, Zh. Liu, J.W. Xia, X. Yin, Y. Zhang
IMP/CAS, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China

Funding: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 11375243) and Guangdong Innovative and Entrepreneurial Research Team Program(No.2016ZT06G373).
A compact dual-gap Multi-Harmonics Buncher has been successfully used at the SSC-Linac, a linear accelerator dedicates to beam injection into SSC in HIRFL. SSC-Linac operates at 53.667MHz, which is forth time of the RF frequency of the SSC. In order to increase the longitudinal capture efficiency, and enhance the current out of SSC, an independent MHB(Multi-Harmonics Buncher) had been installed into the LEBT of SSC-Linac. The fundamental frequency of the MHB is 13.417MHz. The buncher adopts the mechanical structure of dual-gap and sawtooth waveform is generated by multi-harmonics synthetic technology. Beam performance simulation with MHB have been done with code BEAMPATH. Besides, 84Kr¹⁴⁺ beam has been bunched successfully using the MHB in our experiments, the maximum bunch efficiency of 86.1% has been measured in experiments.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUXC08

About •

paper received ※ 31 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 12 July 2021 issue date ※ 11 August 2021

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPAB169

Overall Concept Design of a Heavy-Ion Injector for XiPAF-Upgrading

rfq, DTL, LEBT, ion-source

1781

P.F. Ma, C.T. Du, X. Guan, Y. Lei, M.W. Wang, X.W. Wang, Q.Z. Xing, X.D. Yu, S.X. Zheng
TUB, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
W. Chen, W.L. Liu, W. Lv, M.T. Qiu, B.C. Wang, D. Wang, M.C. Wang, Z.M. Wang, Y.H. Yan, M.T. Zhao
NINT, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China

A heavy-ion injector can be used for SEE study. In this paper, the primary beam dynamics design of a heavy-ion injector for the XiPAF upgrade is presented. The injector consists of an ECR heavy-ion source, a LEBT, an RFQ, and a DTL. The mass charge ratio can be up to 6.5. The RFQ can accelerate heavy ions to 500 keV/u, and the DTL can accelerate the ions to 2 MeV/u, which can meet the requirement of the synchrotron.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB169

About •

paper received ※ 16 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 16 June 2021 issue date ※ 11 August 2021

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPAB172

Quadrupole Magnet Design for a Heavy-Ion IH-DTL

quadrupole, DTL, proton, linac

1793

P.F. Ma, C.T. Du, X. Guan, M.W. Wang, X.W. Wang, Y.L. Wang, Q.Z. Xing, X.D. Yu, S.X. Zheng
TUB, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
W. Chen, W.L. Liu, W. Lv, M.T. Qiu, B.C. Wang, D. Wang, M.C. Wang, Z.M. Wang, Y.H. Yan, M.T. Zhao
NINT, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China

Xi’an Proton Application Facility (XiPAF) will be upgraded to provide heavy-ion beams with a heavy-ion injector. The injector consists of an ECR heavy-ion source, a Low Energy Beam Transport line (LEBT), a Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ), an Interdigital H-mode Drift Tube Linac (IH-DTL), and a Linac to Ring Beam Transport line (LRBT). The IH-DTL can accelerate the ions with mass to charge up to 6.5 from 0.4 MeV/u to 2 MeV/u. To provide transverse focusing, the electro-magnetic quadrupoles are installed inside the drift tubes of IH-DTL, thus the magnet needs to be high-gradient and compact. This paper gives the quadrupole magnet design for the heavy-ion IH-DTL. The results show that the quadrupole magnet design can meet the requirements.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB172

About •

paper received ※ 08 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 21 June 2021 issue date ※ 23 August 2021

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPAB189

Design and Simulation of Beam Transport Lines of DC140 Cyclotron

quadrupole, cyclotron, radiation, target

1845

V.I. Lisov, N.S. Kirilkin, A.S. Zabanov
JINR/FLNR, Moscow region, Russia
I.V. Kalagin, N.Yu. Kazarinov, S.V. Mitrofanov, V.A. Semin
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia

Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reaction of Joint Institute for Nuclear Research carries out the works under creating of FLNR JINR Irradiation Facility based on the cyclotron DC140. The DC140 cyclotron is intended for acceleration of heavy ions with mass-to-charge ratio A/Z within interval from 5 to 5.5 up to two fixed energies 2.124 and 4.8 MeV per unit mass. The intensity of the accelerated ions will be about 1 pmcA for light ions (A<86) and about 0.1 pmcA for heavier ions (A>132). The beam transport system has three lines: for SEE testing of microchip, for production of track membranes and for solving of applied physics problems. The design and simulation of the beam transport system from cyclotron is presented in this report. The beam focusing in the beam lines is provided by set of quadrupole lenses. The beam diagnostics system consists of the Faraday caps, luminophores and the magnetic scanning system.

Poster TUPAB189 [0.958 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB189

About •

paper received ※ 14 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 02 June 2021 issue date ※ 17 August 2021

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPAB383

Magnetic Field Performance of the First Serial Quadrupole Units for the SIS100 Synchrotron of FAIR

quadrupole, synchrotron, multipole, cryogenics

2417

V.V. Borisov, O. Golubitsky, H.G. Khodzhibagiyan, B.Yu. Kondratiev, M.M. Shandov
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
E.S. Fischer, M.A. Kashunin, S.A. Kostromin, I. Nikolaichuk, T. Parfylo, A.V. Shemchuk, D.A. Zolotykh
JINR/VBLHEP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia

The FAIR project is a new international accelerator complex, currently under construction in Darmstadt, Germany. The heavy-ion synchrotron SIS100 is the main accelerator of the whole complex. It will provide high-intensity primary beams with a magnetic rigidity of 100 Tm and a maximum repetition rate up to 4 Hz. The series production and testing of superconducting quadrupole units began in 2020 at JINR, Dubna. The first batch of units was delivered to Germany in September 2020. Each unit is subjected to a comprehensive testing program both at ambient temperature and under cryogenic conditions. We present the performance characteristics of the first quadrupole units (consisting of a lattice quadrupole magnet and correcting magnet mechanically and hydraulically coupled to a quadrupole). The main attention is paid to the field quality of the series of 6 quadrupoles measured by the same probe.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB383

About •

paper received ※ 19 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 02 June 2021 issue date ※ 01 September 2021

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPAB391

Cryopanels in the Room Temperature Heavy Ion Synchrotron SIS18

simulation, vacuum, cryogenics, quadrupole

2435

S. Aumüller, L.H.J. Bozyk, P.J. Spiller
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
K. Blaum
MPI-K, Heidelberg, Germany

The FAIR complex at the GSI Helmholtzzentrum will generate heavy ion beams of ultimate intensities. To achieve this goal, medium charge states have to be used. However, the probability for charge exchange in collisions with residual gas particles of such ions is much higher than for higher charge states. In order to lower the residual gas density to extreme high vacuum conditions, 65% of the circumference of SIS18 are already coated with NEG, which provides high and distributed pumping speed. Nevertheless, nobel and nobel-like components, which have very high ionization cross sections, do not get pumped by this coating. A cryogenic environment at moderate temperatures, i.e. at 50-80K, provides high pumping speed for all heavy residual gas particles. The only typical residual gas species, that cannot be pumped at this temperature is hydrogen. With an additional NEG coating the pumping will be optimized for all residual gas particles. The installation of cryogenic surfaces in the existing room temperature synchrotron SIS18 at GSI has been investigated. A prototype quadrupole chamber with cryogenic surfaces, first measurements, and simulations of the adapted accelerator are presented.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB391

About •

paper received ※ 19 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 31 August 2021 issue date ※ 25 August 2021

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPAB402

Review of Technologies for Ion Therapy Accelerators

synchrotron, extraction, proton, linac

2465

H.X.Q. Norman, R.B. Appleby, A.F. Steinberg
UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
E. Benedetto
TERA, Novara, Italy
E. Benedetto, M. Sapinski
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
H.L. Owen
STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
H.L. Owen
Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
M. Sapinski
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
S.L. Sheehy
The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

Cancer therapy using protons and heavier ions such as carbon has demonstrated advantages over other radiotherapy treatments. To bring about the next generation of clinical facilities, the requirements are likely to reduce the footprint, obtain beam intensities above 1E10 particles per spill, and achieve faster extraction for more rapid, flexible treatment. This review follows the technical development of ion therapy, discussing how machine parameters have evolved, as well as trends emerging in technologies for novel treatments such as FLASH. To conclude, the future prospects of ion therapy accelerators are evaluated.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB402

About •

paper received ※ 19 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 28 July 2021 issue date ※ 24 August 2021

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEXA06

Study of Pb-Pb and Pb-p Collision Debris in the CERN LHC in View of HL-LHC Operation

operation, proton, luminosity, hadron

2528

M. Sabaté-Gilarte, R. Bruce, F. Cerutti, A. Lechner
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland

Funding: Research supported by the HL-LHC project
For the first time, a full characterization of the Pb-Pb and Pb-p collision debris as well as its impact in terms of energy deposition in the long straight section (LSS) of CERN’s Large Hadron Collider has been carried out. By means of Monte Carlo simulations with FLUKA, both inelastic nuclear interaction and electromagnetic dissociation were taken into account as source term for lead ion operation, while for Pb-p operation only nuclear interaction is of importance. The radiation exposure of detectors exclusively destined for ion beam runs is assessed, allowing drawing implications of their use. This work gave the opportunity for an unprecedented validation of simulation results against measurement of beam loss monitors (BLM) in the experimental LSS during ion operation. Pb-Pb operation refers to the 2018 ion run at 6.37 TeV per charge with a +160 microrad half crossing angle in the vertical plane at the ATLAS interaction point. Instead, Pb-p operation was benchmarked for the 2016 ion run at 6.5 TeV per charge with -140 microrad half crossing angle in the vertical plane at the same location.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEXA06

About •

paper received ※ 18 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 05 July 2021 issue date ※ 22 August 2021

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPAB025

Collimation Strategies for Secondary Beams in FCC-hh Ion-Ion Operation

secondary-beams, collider, simulation, site

2652

J.R. Hunt, R. Bruce, F. Carra, F. Cerutti, J. Guardia, J. Molson
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The target peak luminosity of the CERN FCC-hh during Pb-Pb collisions is more than a factor of 50 greater than that achieved by the LHC in 2018. As a result, the intensity of secondary beams produced in collisions at the interaction points will be significantly higher than previously experienced. With up to 72 kW deposited in a localised region by a single secondary beam type, namely the one originated by Bound Free Pair Production (BFPP), it is essential to develop strategies to safely intercept these beams, including the ones from ElectroMagnetic Dissociation (EMD), in order to ensure successful FCC-hh Pb-Pb operation. A series of beam tracking and energy deposition simulations were performed to determine the optimal solution for handling the impact of such beams. In this contribution the most advanced results are presented, with a discussion of different options.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB025

About •

paper received ※ 18 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 02 July 2021 issue date ※ 18 August 2021

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPAB176

Acceleration of He⁺ Beams for Injection Into NICA Booster During its First Run

ion-source, rfq, booster, injection

3016

K.A. Levterov, V.P. Akimov, D.S. Letkin, D.O. Leushin, V.V. Mialkovskiy
JINR/VBLHEP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
A.M. Bazanov, A.V. Butenko, D.E. Donets, D. Egorov, A.R. Galimov, B.V. Golovenskiy, A. Govorov, V.V. Kobets, A.D. Kovalenko, D.A. Lyuosev, A.A. Martynov, V.A. Monchinsky, D.O. Ponkin, I.V. Shirikov, A.O. Sidorin, E. Syresin, G.V. Trubnikov, A. Tuzikov
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
H. Höltermann, H. Podlech
BEVATECH, Frankfurt, Germany
U. Ratzinger, A. Schempp
IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany

Heavy Ion Linear Accelerator (HILAC) is designed to accelerate the heavy ions with ratio A/Z<=6.25 produced by ESIS ion source up to the 3.2 MeV for the injection into superconducting synchrotron (SC) Booster. HILAC was commissioned in 2018 using the carbon beams from Laser Ion Source (LIS). The project output energy was verified. Transmission could be estimated only for DTL structure because of the presence at the RFQ input the mixture of ions with different charge states extracted from laser-plasma. To estimate transmission through the whole linac the ion source producing the only species He⁺ was designed. The beams of He⁺ ions were used for the first run of SC Booster. The design of the helium ion source and results of the He⁺ beam acceleration and injection are described.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB176

About •

paper received ※ 19 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 11 June 2021 issue date ※ 22 August 2021

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPAB355

Series Production of the SIS100 Cryocatchers

quadrupole, site, vacuum, cryogenics

3529

L.H.J. Bozyk, S. Ahmed, P.J. Spiller
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany

The superconducting heavy ion synchrotron SIS100, which is the main accelerator of the FAIR-facility will be equipped with cryocatcher to suppress dynamic vacuum effects and to assure a reliable operation of high intensity heavy-ion beams. Subsequent to the successful validation of the prototype in 2011 as well as a First-of-Series cryocatcher, the series production of 60 cryocatcher modules meanwhile has been completed. It was released in 2018 after further design optimizations. Key findings from the series production and acceptance tests are presented as well. The First-of-Series cryocatcher has been integrated into the First-of-Series quadrupole module and has undergone several tests. These results are also illustrated in this report.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB355

About •

paper received ※ 19 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 06 July 2021 issue date ※ 16 August 2021

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPAB244

Design of Interdigital H-Mode Re-Buncher at KoBRA Beamline

cavity, bunching, impedance, simulation

4285

Y. Lee, E.-S. Kim
KUS, Sejong, Republic of Korea

KOrea Broad acceptance Recoil spectrometer & Apparatus (KOBRA) is an experimental facility for low energy nuclear physics in the heavy ion accelerator complex RAON. Two re-buncher systems at KOBRA beamline are required to longitudinally focus the 40Ar⁹⁺ with 27MeV/u. The normal conducting IH resonator with seven-gap as the re-buncher structure was chosen because of the reduction in the risk of particulate contamination and total power consumption. In this paper, the detailed design results of the 162.5 MHz IH re-buncher cavity will be presented.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB244

About •

paper received ※ 19 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 27 July 2021 issue date ※ 24 August 2021

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)