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| MPPE044 | Damping Wiggler Study at KEK-ATF | wiggler, emittance, damping, injection | 2809 | ||
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The effects by damping wiggler magnets have been studied at KEK-ATF. The damping ring of the KEK-ATF is a 1.3 GeV storage ring capable of producing ultra-low emittance electron beams. It is significant issue to realize fast damping in the damping ring. The tuning method with 4 sets of wiggler was investigated for the ultra-low emittance beam. The performance on the beam quality, which is related to the transverse (x and y) and the longitudinal (z and dp/p), has been measured by the SR monitor, the laser wire, the streak camera and the energy spread monitor at the extraction line. We report on the operation condition and the measurement results.
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| MPPE051 | Phase Trombone Program Migration for the Recycler at Fermilab | quadrupole, simulation | 3135 | ||
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In the Recycler Ring, a phase trombone is used to control tunes. 9 pairs of independently power supplied adjustable quadruples are located in RR-60 straight section. They are segmented into 5 families currently to maintain a symmetrical structure. By adjusting these circuits, a tune variation of up to ±0.5 units is attainable. These adjustments are coordinated in such a way that the Twiss parameters at the ends of the straight section keep unchanged. A new phase trombone program is written in C and is integrated into the data acquisition program in CNS. This program now gets rid of network communication, and does not need to run code MAD. In this report, a test program written in Mathematic is described, and several matching conditions for the Twiss parameters are compared. Test results for the setting and measured tune values using running program on console are presented.
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| MPPP006 | Performance Calculation on Orbit Feedback for NSLSII | feedback, closed-orbit, ground-motion, dipole | 1036 | ||
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We discuss the preliminary calculation on the performance of closed orbit feedback system for NSLSII, its relation to the requirement on BPM, floor and girder stability, power supply stability, etc.
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| MPPT007 | Design of the Pulse Bending Magnets for the Injection System of the 3-GeV RCS in J-PARC | injection, linac, extraction, beam-losses | 1048 | ||
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The pulse bending magnets for the injection system of the 3-GeV RCS in J-PARC has been designed using a 3D magnetic analysis code. The injection system consists of the pulse bending magnets for the injection bump orbit, which are four horizontal bending magnets (shift bump), four horizontal painting magnets (h-paint bump), and two vertical painting magnets (v-paint bump). The injection beam energy and the extraction beam power are 400 MeV and 1 MW at 25-Hz repetition rate, respectively. The beam orbit area with a full acceptance beam of the injection beam, painting beam and the circulating beam at the shift bump points is a 400 mm width and a 250 mm height.The shift bump has accomplished 1.0% good field region at 0.22 T.
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| MPPT009 | HTS Power Leads for the BTeV Interaction Region | quadrupole, interaction-region, magnet-design, accumulation | 1147 | ||
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Funding: DOE |
A new Interaction Region for the BTEV experiment is planned to be built soon at Fermilab. This IR will require new superconducting quadrupole magnets and many additional power circuits for their operation. The new "low beta" quadupole magnet design is based upon the Fermilab LHC quadrupole design, and will operate at 9.56 kA in 4.5 K liquid helium. The use of conventional power leads for these circuits would require substantially more helium for cooling than is available from the cryogenic plant, which is already operating close to its limit. To decrease the heat load and helium cooling demands, the use of HTS power leads is necessary. Fermilab is in the process of procuring HTS leads for this new interaction region. Several 6 kA HTS leads produced by American Superconductor Corporation have been tested at over-current conditions. Based on the test results, design requirements are being developed for procuring the HTS current leads. This paper summarizes the test results and describes the design requirements for the 9.65 kA HTS power leads. |
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| MPPT055 | The LANSCE Switchyard Kicker Project | kicker, diagnostics, vacuum, injection | 3310 | ||
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Until 2003, the existing configuration of the LANSCE switchyard did not allow simultaneous delivery of the H- beam to Lines D and X. In the late 1990’s, with increased activities in Areas B and C, which serve the ultracold neutron experiments (UCN) and proton radiography (PRad), respectively, planning began to increase beam availability to all areas by installing a kicker system, dubbed the "Switchyard Kicker." The Switchyard Kicker is a system of two pulsed and two direct current magnets that enables simultaneous, uninterrupted beam delivery to Line D for the Lujan Center and the Weapons Neutron Research (WNR) Facility and, on request, a tailored H- beam pulse to Line X for the pRad and UCN research areas. The project received funding in July 2001 for design and implementation. During the 2003 Extended Maintenance Period this upgrade was installed in the Switchyard and commissioned during the Accelerator Turn-On period in the summer of 2003. With the commissioning successful, LANSCE now routinely operates in "Kick" mode, delivering simultaneous beam to Line X and Line D, increasing beam availability to all areas and simplifying production scheduling.
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| MPPT058 | Progress on the Focus Coils for the MICE Channel | focusing, vacuum, emittance, coupling | 3417 | ||
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Funding: This work was supported by the Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy under DOE contract number DE-AC03-76SF00098. |
This report describes the progress on the magnet part of the absorber focus coil module for the international Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE). MICE consists of two cells of a SFOFO cooling channel that is similar to that studied in the level 2 study of a neutrino factory. The MICE absorber focus coil module consists of a pair of superconducting solenoids, mounted on an aluminum mandrel. The coil package that is in its own vacuum vessel surrounds an absorber, which does the ionization cooling of the muons. Either a liquid or solid absorber is within a separate vacuum vessel that is within the warm bore of the superconducting magnet. The superconducting focus coils may either be run in the solenoid mode (with the two coils at the same polarity) or in the flip mode (with the coil at opposite polarity causing the field direction to flip within the magnet bore). The superconducting coils will be cooled using a pair of small 4 K coolers. This report discusses the progress on the MICE focusing magnets, the magnet cooling system and the magnet current supply system. |
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| MPPT059 | Progress on the Coupling Coil for the MICE Channel | coupling, focusing, vacuum, superconductivity | 3468 | ||
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Funding: This work was supported by the Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy under DOE contract number DE-AC03-76SF00098. |
This report describes the progress on the coupling coil module for the international Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE). MICE consists of two cells of a SFOFO cooling channel that is similar to that studied in the level 2 study of a neutrino factory. The MICE RF coupling coil module consists of a superconducting solenoid, mounted around four cells of conventional 201.25 MHz closed RF cavities. This report discusses the progress that has been made on the superconducting coupling coil that is around the center of the RF coupling module. This report also describes the process one would use to cool the coupling coil using a single small 4 K cooler. The coupling magnet power system and quench protections system is also described. |
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| MPPT066 | Pulsed Undulator for Polarized Positron Production | undulator, positron, alignment, photon | 3676 | ||
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We represent here elements of design and results of testing for helical undulator with ~2.5-mm period, manufactured in Cornell LEPP for polarized positron production at SLAC. At 2.3 kA undulator reaches K~0.2 and operated up 30 Hz.
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| MPPT070 | Construction and Power Test of the Extraction Kicker Magnet for the Spallation Neutron Source Accumulator Ring | kicker, extraction, vacuum, SNS | 3831 | ||
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Funding: SNS is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 for the U.S. Department of Energy. SNS is a partnership of six national laboratories: Argonne, Brookhaven, Jefferson, Lawrence Berkeley, Los Alamos, and Oak Ridge. |
Two extraction kicker magnet assemblies that contain seven individual pulsed magnet modules each will kick the proton beam vertically out of the SNS accumulator ring into the aperture of the extraction lambertson septum magnet. The proton beam then travels to the 1.4 MW SNS target assembly. The 14 kicker magnets and major components of the kicker assembly have been fabricated in BNL. The inner surfaces of the kicker magnets were coated with TiN to reduce the secondary electron yield. All 14 PFN power supplies have been built, tested and delivered to ORNL. Before final installation, a partial assembly of the kicker system with three kicker magnets was assembled to test the functions of each critical component in the system. In this paper we report the progress of the construction of the kicker components, the TiN coating of the magnets, the installation procedure of the magnets and the full power test of the kicker with the PFN power supply. |
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| MPPT082 | The 8 cm Period Electromagnetic Wiggler Magnet with Coils Made from Sheet Copper | wiggler, electron, undulator, klystron | 4093 | ||
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Funding: Work supported by the US DOE Contract #DE-AC05-84ER40150, the Office of Naval Research, the Air Force Research Laboratory, the U.S. Army Night Vision Laboratory and the Commonwealth of Virginia. |
An electromagnetic wiggler, now lasing at the Jefferson Lab FEL, has 29 eight cm periods with K variable from 0.6 to1.1 and gap of 2.6 cm. The wiggler was made inexpensively in 11 weeks by an industrial machine shop. The conduction cooled coil design uses copper sheet material cut to forms using water jet cutting. The conductor is cut to serpentine shapes and the cooling plates are cut to ladder shape. The sheets are assembled in stacks insulated with polymer film, also cut with water jet. The coil design extends the serpentine conductor design of the Duke OK4 to more and smaller conductors. The wiggler features graded fields in the two poles at each end and trim coils on these poles to eliminate field errors caused by saturation. An added critical feature is mirror plates at the ends with integral trim coils to eliminate three dimensional end field effects and align the entrance and exit orbit with the axis of the wiggler. Details of construction, measurement methods and excellent wiggler performance are presented. |
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| TPAP055 | Fast IR orbit feedback at RHIC | feedback, coupling, luminosity, emittance | 3298 | ||
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Funding: Work performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy |
Mechanical low-beta triplet vibrations lead to horizontal jitter of RHIC beams at frequencies around 10 Hz. The resulting beam offsets at the interaction points are considered detrimental to RHIC luminosity performance. To stabilize beam orbits at the interaction points, installation of a fast orbit feedback is foreseen. A prototype of this system is being developed and tested. Recent results are presented. |
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| TOAB006 | SPEAR 3 - The First Year of Operation | feedback, injection, optics, dynamic-aperture | 505 | ||
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Funding: Work supported in part by Department of Energy Contract DE-AC03-76SF00515 and Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences. |
The first electrons were accumulated in the new 3-GeV SPEAR 3 storage ring in December, 2003, five days after the beginning of commissioning. By mid-January of 2004, the phas·10-1 current of 100 mA were stored. Ring characterization and tuning continued until early March when the first photon beam line was opened for users. By the end of the first run in July, SPEAR 3 beam properties and ring performance had been extensively measured by the accelerator and beam line groups. These included micron stability using slow orbit feedback, an emittance coupling of ~0.1% and 30-h lifetimes at 100 mA. During the present 2005 user run, turn-by-turn BPMs, fast orbit feedback, a high resolution UV synchrotron light monitor, and beam scrapers are being commissioned and 500-mA operation will be established. A modified lattice that will incorporate a double vertical waist chicane has been designed that will enable future installation of two small gap insertion devices. A study of top-off injection modes will also commence this year. The performance of SPEAR 3 during its first year of commissioning and operation, together with plans to improve performance, are described. |
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| TPPT014 | Induction System for a Proton Bunch Acceleration in Synchrotron | induction, acceleration, proton, synchrotron | 1398 | ||
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Funding: The project is officially supported by Grant-In-Aid for Creative Scientific Research (KAKENHI 15GS0217, 5 years term). |
An induction cavity capable of operating at a repetition rate of 1MHz with a 50% duty has been built and employed for the first induction acceleration of a proton bunch from 500MeV to 8GeV in the KEK-PS.* In this experiment, an acceleration voltage of 4.7kV and an repetition frequency of 667kHz-882kHz were required. The installed induction device consists of three induction cells, each of which can generate a bipolar induction voltage of a maximum output voltage of 2 kV with a flat-top of 300ns and a 25ns rising/falling time. Electrical characteristics of the cavity itself, such as inductance, capacitance, and resistance, have been evaluated in three independent ways: (1) excitation due to a small signal from a network analyzer, (2) excitation by a proton beam as a primary driver, (3) excitation with a actual pulse modulator in an entire system. This paper will compare these results as well as theoretical design values. A general design procedure for an induction acceleration cavity will be given. *K.Takayama et al., submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett. http://www.arxiv.org/pdf/physics/0412006. |
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| TPPT057 | Quality Control of the Electro Polishing Process at DESY | superconductivity, synchrotron, ion | 3369 | ||
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Funding: Supported by the European Community Research activity Care under the FP 6 program(RII3-CT-2003-506395). |
The technology of electro-polishing of super-conducting resonators made from Niobium is foreseen as basic surface preparation technology for the Xfel accelerator project at DESY. Here about 1000 resonators will be build and installed into the accelerator section. For an industrial application of this technique a quality control has to be developed and established.A method to control the acid quality and improve the life time of the acid is under development. We report on the test setup and measurements done on samples and the implementation of this quality control to the DESY electro polishing process. |
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| TPPT085 | Niobium Thin Film Coating on a 500-MHz Copper Cavity by Plasma Deposition | plasma, vacuum, superconductivity, ion | 4167 | ||
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Funding: This work was supported by DOE contract DE-AC05-84ER40150 Modification No. M175, under which the Southeastern Universities Research Association (SURA) operates the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. |
A system for the deposition, using an ECR plasma source, of a thin film of niobium inside a copper cavity for superconducting accelerator applications has been designed and is being constructed. The system uses a 500-MHz copper cavity as the substrate and the vacuum chamber. The ECR plasma will be created to produce direct niobium ion deposition. The central cylindrical grid is biased to realize the energy controlled deposition. This report describes the design of several subcomponents including the vacuum chamber, RF supply, biasing grid and magnet coils. Operational parameters are compared between a working small-sample deposition system and this system. Initial plasma simulation also suggested that plasma ignition in this cavity system is feasible. |
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| WPAE058 | High Voltage Measurements on Nine PFNs for the LHC Injection Kicker Systems | kicker, injection, simulation, collider | 3402 | ||
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Funding: National Research Council of Canada |
Each of the two LHC injection kicker magnet systems must produce a kick of 1.3 T.m with a flattop duration variable up to 7.86 microseconds, and rise and fall times of less than 900 ns and 3 microseconds, respectively. A kicker magnet system consists of four 5 Ohm transmission line magnets with matching terminating resistors, four 5 Ohm Pulse Forming Networks (PFN) and two Resonant Charging Power Supplies (RCPS). Nine PFNs, together with associated switch tanks, and dump switch terminating resistors have been built at TRIUMF and all have been tested at high voltage (54 kV) to ensure that the performance is within specification. This paper describes the HV measurements, compares these results with low voltage measurements and analyses the pulse performance of the PFNs. The measurements are compared with results from PSpice simulations and small discrepancies between the predictions and measurements are explained. |
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| WPAE060 | Programmable Power Supply for AC Switching Magnet of Proton Accelerator | proton, simulation, extraction, linac | 3508 | ||
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Funding: Ministry of Science and Technology. |
The 100-MeV PEFP proton linac has two proton beam extraction lines for user’ experiment. Each extraction line has 5 beamlines and has 5 Hz operating frequency. An AC switching magnet is used to distribute the proton beam to the 5 beamlines, An AC switching magnet is powered by PWM-controlled bipolar switching-mode converters. This converter is designed to operate at ±350A, 5 Hz programmable step output. The power supply is employed IGBT module and has controlled by a DSP (Digital Signal Process). This paper describes the design and test results of the power supply. |
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| WPAE061 | LC Filter for High Accuracy and Stability Digital MPS at PLS | simulation, feedback, damping, alignment | 3550 | ||
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Funding: Work supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology, Korea. |
High accuracy and stability digital power supply for magnet is developed at PLS. This power supply has three sections. The first section is digital controller including DSP&FPGA and precision ADC, the second consists of IGBT driver and four quad IGBT switch, and the third is LC output section. AC input voltage of power supply is 3-phase 21V, output current is 0 ~ 150 A dc. Switching frequency of IGBT is 25 kHz. The output current of power supply has very high accuracy of 100 mA step resolution at full range and the stability of ± 1.5 ppm for short term and ± 5 ppm for long term. This paper describes characteristics of filter and output current performance improvement after LC output filter at four quad digital power supplies. |
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| WPAE062 | AC Power Supply for Wobbler Magnet of the MC-50 Cyclotron | cyclotron, ion, target, radiation | 3576 | ||
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The MC-50 cyclotron (k=50) produces the ion beam for nuclear physics, chemistry, and applied researches in Korea. It has a small beam diameter with Gaussian beam shape, whereas many users want a beam irradiation on a large target. A wobbler magnet and an AC power supply were designed and constructed to meet the users’ requirement. The power supply has two independently operating channels for the vertical and horizontal coils of the wobbler magnet. The frequency of the AC power supply for both coils is programmable from 1 to 20 Hz in a step of 1 Hz, and the maximum rms output current is 12 A. Various properties of the power supply and experimental results are given in the paper.
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| WPAE065 | Jefferson Lab's Trim Card II | diagnostics, feedback, controls, impedance | 3670 | ||
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Funding: This work was supported by DOE contract DE-AC05-84ER40150 Modification No. M175, under which the Southeastern Universities Research Association (SURA) operates the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. |
Jefferson Lab’s Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) uses Trim Card I power supplies to drive approximately 1900 correction magnets. These trim cards have had a long and illustrious service record. However, some of the employed technology is now obsolete, making it difficult to maintain the system and retain adequate spares. The Trim Card II is being developed to act as a transparent replacement for its aging predecessor. A modular approach has been taken in its development to facilitate the substitution of sections for future improvements and maintenance. The resulting design has been divided into a motherboard and 7 daughter cards which has also allowed for parallel development. The Trim Card II utilizes modern technologies such as a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) and a microprocessor to embed trim card controls and diagnostics. These reprogrammable devices also provide the versatility to incorporate future requirements. |
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| WPAE066 | PEP-II Large Power Supplies Rebuild Program at SLAC | controls, feedback, collider, monitoring | 3685 | ||
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Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract number DE-AC02-76SF00515. |
At PEP-II, seven large power supplies (LGPS) are used to power quad magnets in the electron-positron collider region. The LGPS ratings range from 72kW to 270kW, and were installed in 1997. They are unipolar off-line switch mode supplies, with a 6 pulse bridge rectifying 480VAC, 3-phase input power to yield 650VDC unregulated. This unregulated 650VDC is then input into one (or two) IGBT H-bridges, which convert the DC into PWM 16 kHz square wave AC. This high frequency AC drives the primary side of a step-down transformer followed by rectifiers and low pass filters. Over the years, these LGPS have presented many problems mainly in their control circuits, making it difficult to troubleshoot and affecting the overall accelerator availability. A redesign/rebuilding program for these power supplies was established under the coordination of the Power Conversion Department at SLAC. During the 2004 accelerator summer shutdown all the control circuits in these supplies were redesigned and replaced. A new PWM control board, programmable logic controller, and touch panel were all installed to improve LGPS reliability, and to make troubleshooting easier. In this paper we present the details of this rebuilding program and results. |
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| WPAE069 | The APS Septum Magnet Power Supplies Upgrade | septum, injection, feedback, booster | 3795 | ||
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Funding: Work supported by U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. W-31-109-ENG-38. |
The higher requirements for beam injection stability at the APS storage ring demand improvement of pulsed power supplies for the septum magnets. The upgrade will be performed in two stages. In the first stage we will implement a new power supply circuit with a new regulation timing sequence that will provide better voltage regulation performance. A common design was made for all of the septum magnet power supplies at the APS. The new regulation module has already been tested on both thin and thick septum magnet power supplies. This test showed that the new target for the current regulation stability, 1/2000 with less than 10-ns jitter, is achievable with this approach. In the second stage we will implement an embedded microprocessor system that will provide digitally controlled shot-to-shot current regulation of the power supply. The system comprises modules for communication with EPICS, data acquisition, and precise timing. A prototype has already been built and will also be discussed. |
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| WPAE070 | Injector Power Supplies Reliability Improvements at the Advanced Photon Source | septum, booster, photon, beam-losses | 3804 | ||
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Funding: *Work supported by U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. W-31-109-ENG-38. |
Operational goals for the APS facility include 97% availability and a mean time between unscheduled beam losses (faults) of 70 hours, with more than 5000 user hours of scheduled beam per year. To meet this objective, our focus has changed to maximizing the mean time between faults (MTBF). We have made various hardware and software improvements to better operate and monitor the injector power supply systems. These improvements have been challenging to design and implement in light of the facility operating requirements but are critical to maintaining maximum reliability and availability of beam for user operations. This paper presents actions taken as well as future plans to continue improving injector power supply hardware and software to meet APS user operation goals. |
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| WPAE071 | Power Supply for Magnet of Compact Proton and/or Heavy Ion Synchrotron for Radiotherapy | dipole, injection, synchrotron, acceleration | 3859 | ||
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A resonant type pulse power supply, for an application to a compact proton and/or heavy ion synchrotron with a several Hz repetition rate, is attractive from the view point of attaining an average beam current that is enough for the radiation therapy. Maximum ampere-turn of the dipole magnet is as large as 200 kAT to make the bending radius as small as possible. Pulse current is generated by discharging the stored energy in a capacitor bank through a pulse transformer. Moreover, the auxiliary power supply for the dipole magnets which adds the flat magnetic field (10-20μs) for the multi-turn beam-injection is being developed. The power supply for the quadrupole magnets is the high switching frequency (20 kHz × 5) switching-mode Power Supply for the adjusting tune and the tracking between the quadrupole and the dipole fields.Detailed analyses on these pulse power supplies will be presented.
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| WPAE072 | Installation and Testing of SNS Magnet Power Supplies | SNS, linac, injection, dipole | 3889 | ||
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Funding: This work was supported by SNS through UT-Batelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 for the U.S. DOE. SNS is a partnership of six national laboratories: Argonne, Brookhaven, Jefferson, Lawrence Berkeley, Los Alamos, and Oak Ridge. |
This paper describes the types and quantities of magnet power supplies required for the SNS Linear Accelerator, High-Energy Beam Transport (HEBT), Ring and the Ring-Target Beam Transport (RTBT). There are over 600 magnets and more than 550 magnet power supplies. These magnet power supplies range in size from the bipolar-corrector supplies rated at 35 volts, 20 amps to the main-ring dipole supply that is rated at 440 volts, 6000 amps. The Linac power supplies have a ripple/stability specification of 1000 parts per million while the ring supplies have a specification of 100 parts per million. There are also pulsed power supplies for beam injection and beam extraction. The paper will show acceptance test results from the manufacturers as well as test results performed by the SNS magnet power supply group. |
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| WPAE073 | 3 kA Power Supplies for the Duke OK-5 FEL Wigglers | feedback, wiggler, storage-ring, monitoring | 3901 | ||
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Funding: U.S. AFOSR MFEL grant F49620-001-0370. |
The next generation electromagnetic OK-5/Duke storage ring FEL wigglers require three 3kA/70V power supplies with current stability about 20 ppm and current ripples less than 20ppm in their full operating range. Duke FEL Laboratory acquired three out-of-service thyristor controllable power supplies (Transrex, 5kA/100V) which was built almost 30 years ago. The existing archaic firing circuit, lack of any output voltage filtering and outdated DCCT, would not be able to meet the above requirements.To deliver the desirable high performance with very limited funds, all three T-Rex power supplies have been completely rebuilt in house at DFELL. Modern high stability electronic components and a Danfysik DCCT with a high current stability have been used. New symmetrical firing circuit, efficient passive LC filter and reliable transformer-coupled active filter are used to reduce output current ripples to an appropriate level. At the present time, the first refurbished power supply in operation since August, 2004 with good overall performance. The power supply testing results of this unit will also be presented in this paper. |
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| WPAE074 | Trim Power Supplies for the Duke Booster and Storage Ring | storage-ring, feedback, booster, synchrotron | 3919 | ||
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Funding: U.S. AFOSR MFEL grant F49620-001-0370 and HIGS Upgrade DOE grant number is DE-FG02-01ER41175. |
The on-going Duke storage ring upgrades and the development of a new booster synchrotron injection require more than 100 units of high performance unipolar and bipolar trim power supplies in the current range of -15A to +15A. However, most of the trim power supplies on the market do not deliver two critical performance features simultaneously: a high current stability and a low current noise.An in-house trim power supply development program is then put in force to design, fabricate, and test low cost linear power supplies with current stability about 100 ppm and current ripples less than 100 ppm in a broad band. A set of unipolar power supplies (0-12A) have been designed, fabricated and successfully tested. Since August, 2004 they have been used in storage ring operation with excellent performance. The prototype of bipolar power supplies (± 15 A) has been designed and tested as well. The main design principles and their performance results of both unipolar and bipolar supplies will be presented in this paper. |
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| WPAE075 | Compact Digital High Voltage Charger | impedance, feedback, controls, synchrotron | 3964 | ||
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The operation of classical resonant circuit developed for the pulse energizing is investigated. The HV pulse or generator is very compact by a soft switching circuit made up of IGBT working at over 30 kHZ. The frequencies of macro pulses andμpulses can be arbitrarily tuned below resonant frequency to digitalize the HV pulse power. Theμpulses can also be connected by filter circuit to get the HVDC power. The circuit topology is given and its novel control logic is analyzed by flowchart. The circuit is part of a system consisting of a AC or DC LV power supply, a pulse transformer, the pulse generator implemented by LV capacitor and leakage inductance of the transformer, a HV DC or pulse power supply and the charged HV capacitor of the modulators.
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| WPAE079 | Dual Power Supplies for PEP-II Injection Kickers | kicker, injection, luminosity, background | 4045 | ||
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Funding: Work supported by Department of Energy contract DE-AC03-76SF00515. |
Originally the PEP-II injection kickers where powered by one power supply. Since the kicker magnets where not perfectly matched, the stored beam got excited by about 7% of the maximum kicker amplitude. This led to luminosity losses which were especially obvious for trickle injection when the detector is on for data taking. Therefore two independant power supplies with thyratrons in the tunnel next to the kicker magnet were installed. This also reduces the necessary power by about a factor of five since there are no long cables that have to be charged. The kickers are now independantly adjustable to eliminate any non-closure of the kicker system and therefore excitation of the stored beam. Setup, commissioning and fine tuning of this system are discussed. |
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| WPAP023 | Compact Source of Electron Beam with Energy of 200 kEv and Average Power of 2 kW | electron, ion, focusing, radiation | 1832 | ||
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The paper describes a compact electron beam source with average electron energy of 200 keV. The source operates with pulse power up to 2 MW under average power not higher than 2 kW, pulsed beam current up to 10 A, pulse duration up to 2 mks, and repetition rate up to 5 kHz. The electron beam is extracted through aluminium-beryllium alloy foil. The pulse duration and repetition rate can be changed from control desk. High-voltage generator for the source with output voltage up to 220 kV is realized using the voltage-doubling circuit which consists of 30 sections. The insulation type - gas, SF6 under pressure of 8 atm. The cooling of the foil supporting tubes is provided by a water–alcohol mixture from an independent source. The beam output window dimensions are 180?75 mm, the energy spread in the beam +10/-30%, the source weight is 80 kg.
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| WPAT002 | High Power (35 kW and 190 kW) 352 Solid State Amplifiers for the SOLEIL Synchrotron | vacuum, booster, insertion, synchrotron | 811 | ||
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In the SOLEIL Storage Ring, two cryomodules, each containing a pair of superconducting cavities will provide the maximum power of 600 kW, required at the nominal energy of 2.75 GeV with the full beam current of 500 mA and all the insertion devices. Each of the four cavities will be powered with a 190 kW solid state amplifier consisting in a combination of 315 W elementary modules (about 750 modules per amplifier). The amplifier modules, based on a technology developed in house, with MOSFET transistor, integrated circulator and individual power supply, are fabricated in the industry. In the booster, a 35 kW solid state amplifier (147 modules) will power a 5-cell copper cavity of the LEP type. The first operational results and the status of the RF power plants are reported in this paper. Although quite innovative for the required power range, the solid state technology proved to be very attractive with significant advantages as compared to vacuum tubes.
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| WPAT008 | Recent Status of RF Source in J-PARC Linac | klystron, linac, proton, site | 1123 | ||
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The construction of the J-PARC (Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex) linac is under going. RF sources for the low beta linac section use 324-MHz klystrons and after the evaluation of seven prototype tubes, mass production of 20 tubes are conducted. These will be installed in the linac building from April 2005. Performances of the 324-MHz klystrons are described in this paper. The prototype klystron of 972-MHz klystron, which is planed to be installed in high beta linac section, oscillated strongly without any drive rf power, and it had been investigated to solve it. Though it was doubted to be a diode oscillation at first, recent experiment showed the drift-tube oscillation and we succeeded in stopping oscillation by deforming the integrated cavity and detuning. After this experiment, we built a new tube and started to test it. This experiment is written in this paper. Other status of construction related to the rf sources is also shown in this paper.
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| WPAT014 | Sequence Control System of 1-MW CW Klystron for the PEFP | klystron, rfq, proton, ion | 1401 | ||
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Funding: Work support by the PEFP(Proton Engineering Frontier Project), Korea. |
Sequence control system of 1-MW CW klystron for the PEFP (Proton Engineering Frontier Project) has been developed in order to drive the 1-MW klystron amplifier. The system is able to control several power supplies and many environment conditions. The hardware of sequence control and the interlock system are based on the Allen-Bradley's SLC500 Program Logic Controller (PLC). Also the system can be controlled by a touch screen at local mode or Ethernet network with high level HMI at remote mode. |
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| WPAT025 | First Results of the IOT Based 300 kW 500 MHz Amplifier for the Diamond Light Source | factory, synchrotron, radio-frequency, background | 1883 | ||
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We present the first RF measurements of the IOT based 300 kW 500 MHz amplifier for the Diamond Light Source. Four 80 kW IOTs are combined using a waveguide combiner to achieve the RF requirement of up to 300 kW for each of three superconducting cavities for the main storage ring. The IOTs are protected by a full power circulator and a 300 kW ferrite RF load. This is the first time IOTs will be used for a synchrotron light source. This paper gives an overview of the design of the Thales amplifiers and IOTs with commissioning results including measurements of key components and overall RF performance following factory tests and the installation of the first unit
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| WPAT035 | The LANSCE 805 MHZ RF System History and Status | klystron, acceleration, focusing | 2402 | ||
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The Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE) linear accelerator runs at 201.25 MHz for acceleration to 100 MeV. The remainder of the acceleration to 800 MeV is at 805 MHz. This is done with 44 accelerator cavity stages driven by 805 MHz klystrons. Each klystron has a peak power capability of 1.25 MeV. Originally, 97 klystrons were purchased, which was 70 from Varian/CPI and 27 from Litton. The 44 RF systems are laid out in sectors with either 6 or 7 klystrons per sector. The klystrons in each sector are powered from a common HV sytem. The current arrangement uses the Varian/CPI klystrons in 6 of the 7 sectors and Litton klystrons in the remaining sector. With that arrangement there are 38 CPI klystrons installed and 1 spare klystron per sector and 6 Litton klystrons installed in the final sector with 2 spares. The current average life of all of the operating and spare klystrons (52 total) is >112,000 filament hours and >93,000 HV hours. That is three times the typical klystron lifetime today for other similar klystrons. This paper summarizes the details of the LANSCE klystron history and status and a summary of the predicted failure rate.
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| WPAT036 | A 700 MHZ, 1 MW CW RF System for a FEL 100mA RF Photoinjector | klystron, cathode, vacuum, coupling | 2413 | ||
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Funding: U.S. Department of Energy. |
This paper describes a 700 MHz, 1 Megawatt CW, high efficiency klystron RF system utilized for a Free Electron Laser (FEL) high-brightness electron photoinjector (PI). The E2V klystron is mod-anode tube that operates with a beam voltage of 95 kV. This tube, operating with a 65% efficiency, requires ~96 watts of input power to produce in excess of 1 MW of output power. This output drives the 3rd cell of a 2½-cell, p-mode PI cavity through a pair of planar waveguide windows. Coupling is via a ridge-loaded tapered waveguide section and "dog-bone" iris. This paper will present the design of the RF, RF transport, coupling, and monitoring/protection systems that are required to support CW operations of the 100 mA cesiated, semi-porous SiC photoinjector. |
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| WPAT047 | Solid-State 2MW Klystron Power Control System | klystron, cathode, controls, vacuum | 2950 | ||
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Under an SBIR effort for the DOE, Diversified Technologies, Inc. designed, built, and installed a solid state power control system for the Advanced Light Source klystrons at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL). This system consists of two major elements – a 100 kV, 20 A CW solid state series switch, and a solid state voltage regulator for the mod-anode of the klystron. The series switch replaces the existing mercury ignitron crowbar, eliminating these environmentally hazardous components while providing enhanced arc protection and faster return to transmit. The mod-anode voltage regulator uses series IGBTs, operating in the linear regime, to provide highly rapid and accurate control of the mod-anode voltage, and therefore the output power from the klystron. Results from the installation and testing of this system at ANL will be presented.
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| WPAT048 | Solid State Modulators for the International Linear Collider (ILC) | linear-collider, collider, target, controls | 2998 | ||
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Diversified Technologies, Inc. is developing two solid state modulator designs for the ILC under SBIR funding from the DOE. The first design consists of a 150 kV hard switch. The key development in this design is the energy storage system, which must provide 25 kJ per pulse, at very tight voltage regulation over the 1.5 millisecond pulse. DTI’s design uses a quasi-resonant bouncer (with a small auxiliary power supply and switch) to maintain the voltage flattop, eliminating the need for massive capacitor banks. The second design uses a solid state Marx bank, with ~10 kV stages, to drive the ILC klystron. In this design, staggered turn-on of the Marx stages provides voltage regulation without the need for large capacitor banks. This paper will discuss design tradeoffs, power supply and control considerations, and energy storage requirements and alternatives for both designs.
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| WPAT050 | High Power Phase Shifter | resonance, linac, proton, klystron | 3123 | ||
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One of the approaches to power distribution system of a superconducting proton linac that is under discussion at Fermilab requires development of a fast-action, megawatt-range phase shifter. Using two phase shifters with a waveguide hybrid junction can allow independent control of phase and amplitude of RF power at the input of each superconducting cavity of the linac. This promises significant saving in number of klystrons and modulators required for the accelerator. A prototype of a waveguide version of a phase shifter that uses Yttrium-Iron Garnet (YIG) blocks was developed and tested. This report presents design concept of the device and main results of simulation and proof-of-principle tests.
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| WPAT078 | A High Power RF Power Supply for High Energy Physics Applications | resonance, radio-frequency | 4018 | ||
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Funding: Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council (PPARC). |
Accelerators used for experiments in high-energy physics require very high power radio frequency sources to provide the energy needed to accelerate the particles. The RF power needs to be stable and predictable such that any variation in the supplied RF power has a limited and acceptable impact on the accelerated beam quality. The output load specifications for high voltage DC power systems are becoming increasingly more demanding. In addition, the impact of such systems on the electricity source is becoming more tightly regulated through power quality directives. These regulations set limits, for example, on the allowable individual harmonic current amplitudes and on "flicker" caused by transient load demands - the latter is particularly important for "long-pulse" modulators. The requirements above have to be met while still providing higher reliability to a higher specification at lower cost. A situation has now been reached where modulators based on existing approaches cannot meet these specifications and stay within acceptable cost and size limits. This demands that new approaches be taken to provide the power supplies needed for such applications. The research proposed here addresses this need. |
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| ROAC005 | Present Status of J-PARC Ring RF Systems | synchrotron, extraction, injection, feedback | 475 | ||
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The accelerator of the J-PARC complex consists of the 400 MeV (initially 181 MeV) linac, the rapid cycling 3 GeV Synchrotron and the 50 GeV main Synchrotron. To accelerate an ultra-high intense proton beam, the synchrotrons require a high field gradient rf system (~25kV/m). Alleviating space charge effects is a key issue for minimizing beam losses during a cycle. Longitudinal bunch manipulation is also considered as well as acceleration. Magnetic alloy loaded cavities are the most practical choice for the J-PARC. Such system provides high field gradient, and broadband behavior. It is a stable passive system without tuning control. Multi-tone signals can be fed into the same cavity for acceleration and bunch manipulation. However, the harmonics of circulating beam current within the cavity bandwidth must be taken into account. A feed-forward scheme is used for compensating the beam induced voltages. The low level rf system is fully digital to provide precise control. The specification is based on high reliability and reproductivity. The design consideration of the whole rf system will be described and the current status presented.
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| ROAC010 | Development of Ultra-Fast Silicon Switches for Active X-Band High Power RF Compression Systems | simulation, insertion, extraction, vacuum | 701 | ||
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Funding: DOE |
In this paper, we present the recent results of our research on the high power ultra-fast silicon RF switches. This switch is composed of a group of PIN diodes on a high purity SOI (silicon on oxide) wafer. The wafer is inserted into a cylindrical waveguide under T·1001 mode, performing switching by injecting carriers into the bulk silicon. Our current design is using a CMOS compatible process and the fabrication is accomplished at SNF (Stanford Nanofabrication Facility). This design is able to achieve sub-100ns switching time, while the switching speed can be improved further with 3-D device structure and faster circuit. Power handling capacity of the switch is at the level of 10MW. The switch was designed for active X-band RF pulse compression systems - especially for NLC, but it is also possible to be modified for other applications and other frequencies such as L-band. |
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| RPAE009 | Design Considerations for the Stability Improvement of Klystron-Modulator for PAL XFEL | linac, undulator, feedback, emittance | 1165 | ||
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Funding: Supported by the POSCO and the MOST, Korea. |
The PAL linac is planed to be converted to a SASE-XFEL facility (PAL XFEL) that supplies coherent X-rays down to 0.3-nm wavelength. PAL XEL requires a 3-GeV driver linac and a 60-m long in-vacuum undulator to realize an X-ray SASE-FEL. The linac should supply highly bright beams with emittance of 1.2 mm-mrad, a peak current of 3.5 kA, and a low energy spread of 0.03%. The RF stability of 0.06% rms is required for both RF phase and amplitude for reasonably stable SASE output. This stability is mainly determined by a klystron-modulator. Therefore present stability level of the modulator has to be improved 10 times better to get the pulse stability of 0.05%. The regulation methods such as traditional de-Q’ing and precision inverter charging technology are reviewed. Design considerations for the stability improvement of klystron-modulator for PAL XFEL are presented. |
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| RPAE030 | Status of the SOLEIL Booster Synchrotron | booster, dipole, injection, quadrupole | 2155 | ||
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Funding: SOLEIL. |
SOLEIL is a 2.75 GeV third generation synchrotron radiation facility under construction near Paris. The injection system is composed of a 100 MeV electron Linac pre-accelerator followed by a full energy (2.75 GeV) booster synchrotron. The booster lattice is based on a FODO structure with missing magnet. With a circumference of 157 m and low field magnets (0.74 T), the emittance is of 150 nm.rad at 2.75 GeV. A flexible and economic ramping switched mode procedure for the main supply cycled up to 3 Hz and a 35 kW-352 MHz solid state amplifier powering the RF system are used. At present time, all the magnets, supports and vacuum have been received and tested. Half of the ring is already assembled and installation is the tunnel will begin in January 05. The pulsed elements and their pulser will be received and tested from January to April. The four main magnet power supplies will be received in February and tested in Marsh. We plan the booster commissioning with beam in May 2005. |
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| RPAE031 | Progress Report on the Construction of SOLEIL | vacuum, quadrupole, sextupole, dipole | 2203 | ||
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Funding: SOLEIL |
This paper reports the progress achieved in the construction of the accelerators of SOLEIL. Started in January 2002, the construction comes near to its end and the installation of the equipment on the site has begun from September 2004 and shall be completed within one year. The progress on the LINAC and Booster are reported separately, therefore this paper will focus more particularly on the Storage Ring: Dedicated measuring benches have been built to perform the magnetic measurements on all the magnets and the results of measurements have been analysed in term of particle dynamics behaviour in order to prepare the operating point for the commissioning. The status of innovative developments engaged from the beginning as super-conducting RF cavities, NEG coated vacuum chambers and BPMs digital electronics will be described. The construction of the first 6 insertion devices is also well advanced and will be reported. Finally, the machine impedance budget was further evaluated with consequently, still some modifications to the design of some components. |
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| RPAE051 | Multipole Design for CAMD Storage Ring | multipole, sextupole, quadrupole, storage-ring | 3161 | ||
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The CAMD storage ring has been in operation more than 12 years with only sextupole elements in the lattice for correction of nonlinear beam dynamics. To compensate for coupling arising from the integrated effect of skewed elements around the ring, and to improve beam lifetime, a multipole element is required which can be operated in active mode. The design of a magnetic multipole is presented as well as power and control systems designs. The strength and effect and of this element are calculated.
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| RPAP025 | A 7MeV S-Band 2998MHz Variable Pulse Length Linear Accelerator System | gun, electron, linac, vacuum | 1895 | ||
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American Science and Engineering High Energy Systems Division (AS&E HESD) has designed and commissioned a variable pulse length 7 MeV electron accelerator system. The system is capable of delivering a 7 MeV electron beam with a pulse length of 10 nS FWHM and a peak current of 1 ampere. The system can also produce electron pulses with lengths of 20, 50, 100, 200, 400 nS and 3 uS FWHM with corresponding lower peak currents. The accelerator system consists of a gridded electron gun, focusing coil, an electrostatic deflector system, Helmholtz coils, a standing wave side coupled S-band linac, a 2.6 MW peak power magnetron, an RF circulator, a fast toroid, vacuum system and a PLC/PC control system. The system has been operated at repetition rates up to 250pps. The design, simulations and experimental results from the accelerator system are presented in this paper.
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| ROAB008 | Solid-State Modulators for RF and Fast Kickers | kicker, impedance, induction, vacuum | 637 | ||
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Funding: This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by University of California Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract No. W-7405-Eng-48. |
As the capabilities of solid-state devices increase, these devices are being incorporated into modulator designs for high voltage accelerator applications. Solid-state modulators based on inductive adder circuit topology have demonstrated great versatility with regard to pulse width and pulse repetition rate while maintaining fast pulse rise and fall times. Additionally, these modulators are capable of being scaled to higher output voltage and power levels. An explanation of the basic circuit operation will be presented as well as test data of several different hardware systems. |
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| RPPE003 | Operational Experience of Cooling Water Systems for Accelerator Components at PLS | linac, storage-ring, higher-order-mode, klystron | 850 | ||
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Funding: Work supported by MOST and POSCO in Republic of Korea. |
The cooling water system has been utilized for absorbing heat generated by a multitude of electromagnetic power delivering networks at PLS. The separate cooling water distribution systems for the storage ring, beam transport line and linear accelerator have been operated with a different operating temperature of supplying water. All water used for heat removal from the accelerator components are deionised and filtered to provide with over 2 MO-cm specific resistance. The operating pressures and flows of input water are also controlled with flow balancing scheme at a specified range. The operating temperature of components in the accelerator is sustained as tight as below ±0.1 deg C to minimize the influence of temperature fluctuation on the beam energy and stability. Although the PLS cooling systems were initially installed with a high degree of flexibility to allow for easy maintenance, a number of system improvements have been employed to enhance operational reliability and to incorporate the newly developed operating interfaces such as EPICS accelerator control systems. The important design and operational features of PLS cooling water systems are presented as well as lessons learned from around 10-years normal operation. |
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| RPPE011 | SNS AC Power Distribution and Reliability of AC Power Supply | SNS, site | 1231 | ||
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Funding: SNS is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 for the U.S. Department of Energy. |
The SNS Project has 45MW of installed power. A design description under the Construction Design and Maintenance (CDM) with regard to regulations (OSHA, NFPA, NEC), reliability issues and maintenance of the AC power distribution system are herewith presented. The SNS Project has 45MW of installed power. The Accelerator Systems are Front End (FE)and LINAC KLYSTRON Building (LK), Central Helium Liquefier (CHL), High Energy Beam Transport (HEBT), Accumulator Ring and Ring to Target Beam Transport (RTBT) Support Buildings have 30MW installed power. FELK has 16MW installed, majority of which is klystron and magnet power supply system. CHL, supporting the super conducting portion of the accelerator has 7MW installed power and the RING Systems (HEBT, RING and RTBT) have also 7MW installed power.* *SNS SRD. KJ Basis of Design. IEEE Red Book. IEEE Gold Book. IEEE Green Book. NEC NFPA. |
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| RPPE021 | The SNS Machine Protection System: Early Commissioning Results and Future Plans | SNS, diagnostics, injection, beam-losses | 1727 | ||
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The Spallation Neutron Source under construction in Oak Ridge TN has commissioned low power beam up to 187 Mev. The number of MPS inputs is about 20% of the final number envisioned. Start-up problems, including noise and false trips, have largely been overcome by replacing copper with fiber and adding filters as required. Initial recovery time from Machine Protection System (MPS) trips was slow due to a hierarchy of latched inputs in the system: at the device level, at the MPS input layer, and at the operator interface level. By reprogramming the MPS FPGA such that all resets were at the input devices, MPS availability improved to acceptable levels. For early commissioning MPS inputs will be limited to beam line devices that will prohibit beam operation. For later operation, the number of MPS inputs will increase both software alarms and less intrusive MPS inputs such as steering magnets are implemented. Two upgrades to SNS are on the horizon: a 3 MW upgrade and a second target station. Although these are years away the MPS system as designed should easily accommodate the increase in power and pulse-to-pulse target switching at 120 Hz.
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Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. |
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| RPPE051 | NEG Pumping Strip Inside Tevatron B2 Magnets | vacuum, ion, storage-ring | 3144 | ||
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Funding: DOE |
NEG pumping strips were installed inside four Tevatron B2 Magnets in order to improve the vacuum environment in B2 magnets that have embedded unbakable vacuum chamber. The prelimary results shown the total presure in that region was significant reduced. Complelte testing and opertation results will be available soon. |
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| RPPE074 | The Multichannel Deflection Plates Control System for the ALF Facility at the APS | ion, octupole, controls, free-electron-laser | 3937 | ||
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Funding: Work supported by U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. W-31-109-ENG-38. |
A deflection plate control system was developed as part of SPIRIT (Single Photon Ionization / Resonant Ionization to Threshold), a new secondary neutral mass spectrometry (SNMS) instrument that uses tunable vacuum ultraviolet light from the ALF (Argonne Linear Free-electron laser) facility at the APS for postionization. The system comprises a crate controller with PC104 embedded computer, 32 amplifiers, and two 1-kV power supplies. Thirty-two D/A converters are used to control voltages at the deflection plates within ± 400 V with 100-mV resolution. An algorithm of simultaneous sweeping of up to 16 XY areas with 10-μs time resolution also has been implemented in the embedded computer. The purpose of the system is to supply potentials to various ion optical elements for electrostatic control of keV primary and secondary ion beams in this SNMS instrument. The control system is of particular value in supplying (1) bipolar potentials for steering ions, (2) multiple potentials for octupole lenses that shape the ion beams, and (3) ramped deflection potentials for rastering the primary ion beam. The system has been in use as part of the SPIRIT instrument at the ALF facility since 2002. |
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| RPPE077 | A Complete System for Operation of a Superconducting Magnet | wiggler, superconducting-magnet, controls, monitoring | 4003 | ||
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Funding: National Science Foundation. |
A complete system for operating, protecting and monitoring a superconducting magnet is described. This system is used in CESR (Cornell Electron Storage Ring) at Cornell University's Laboratory for Elementary Particle Physics (LEPP) for the CESR superconducting wigglers, part of the accelerator upgrade in pursuit of the CESR charm physics program known as CESR-c. |
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| RPPT043 | Commissioning of the Main Magnet of Kolkata K-500 Superconducting Cyclotron | cyclotron, vacuum, superconducting-magnet, radio-frequency | 2765 | ||
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Main magnet of the K-500 superconducting cyclotron at Kolkata has been fully assembled in the cyclotron vault. The assembly includes alpha and beta superconducting coils inside the liquid helium chamber, coil tank for the outer vacuum, liquid nitrogen shield, support links, cryogenic instrumentation and 80 ton magnet frame forming the pill box structure. Cooling of the coils was started in mid-December. It took about three weeks to fill the liquid helium chamber - fully immersing the coils. All the four temperature sensors embedded in the coil are steady at about 4.4K. At this time the liquid nitrogen line for cooling the shield seems to show a leak. So, we are not cooling the shield. The helium liquefier/regrigerator of 200W capacity has been functioning well and so is the network of vacuum jacketted and liquid nitrogen cooled cryogenic transfer lines. Energization of the main magnet will begin soon. Magnetic field measurement set up is in place to start the mapping. In this presentation, our experiences with commissioning of the largest superconducting magnet in India, with stored energy 22 MJ at peak field of 6T, will be described. Some results of the magnetic field measurements will also be presented.
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| RPPT069 | The Installation Status of the SNS Accumulator Ring | SNS, target, lattice, vacuum | 3789 | ||
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The Spallation Neutron Source (SNS*) SNS accumulator Ring, when completed in 2006, will be capable of delivering a 1.0 GeV, 1.4 MW proton beam to a liquid mercury target for neutron production. This paper presents an overview of the issues and logistics associated with the preparation and installation of the accumulator Ring. The preparatory activities which occurred at the Brookhaven National Laboratory, vendors and at the SNS will be discussed as well as the installation sequence and procedures.
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SNS is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 for the U.S. Department of Energy. SNS is a partnership of six national laboratories: Argonne, Brookhaven, Jefferson, Lawrence Berkeley, Los Alamos and Oak Ridge. |
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| ROPA002 | CLS: A Fully Open-Source Control System | controls, storage-ring, linac, synchrotron | 136 | ||
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The Canadian Light Source is one of the first major accelerator facility to adopt a fully open source control system. The control system is based on Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS) in use at may other facilities. From the outset CLS utilised RTEMS and Linux as the underlying operating systems for real-time control computers, operator interface computers and servers. When communicating with PLC and other intelligent devices CLS has also adopted a policy of using open communications protocols where possible. Combined these strategies have lead to a system that can easily evolve over the life of the facility without being tied to specific hardware or software suppliers. The operational experience over the past few years has indicates the selected architecture is sufficiently robust and reliable.
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| ROPA003 | Present Status of the J-PARC Control System | linac, proton, rfq, synchrotron | 302 | ||
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Construction of the J-PARC control system is in progress and the present status is reported. The control system is based on EPICS tool-kit used in KEKB and other accelerator control systems at KEK. The control hardware and network system for Linac and RCS(Rapid Cycling Synchrotron) have been installed and software is under development now. The operation of Linac is expected in next year. The test of the first part of the accelerator complex; e.g. ion source, RFQ and the first DTL(20 MeV) were done at KEK site. Development of various software such as device drivers for the new equipment, device support routines, and some application programs for operators were also developed.
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| ROPA005 | High Level Control Applications for SOLEIL Commissioning and Operation | booster, storage-ring, synchrotron, linac | 481 | ||
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Funding: Synchrotron SOLEIL |
The SOLEIL control system, namely TANGO developed in collaboration with ESRF, is now mature and stable. TANGO has also been chosen now by several other laboratories. High-level control applications implemented in the control room for the storage ring, the two transfer lines, and the booster will be described in this paper. Three kinds of tools for commissioning are used. First the generic TANGO tools (alarms, simple graphical control applications), which allow us to control in a simple way any TANGO Device Server. Secondly a Matlab Middle Layer (adapted from ALS and SPEAR3): Matlab is fully interconnected with TANGO; it is used primarily for writing Physics control applications. Finally Globalscreen, a commercial SCADA software devoted for building operation applications has been selected (panels for controlling or displaying setpoint, readback values, status of equipments). In addition an overview of the historical and short-term databases for the accelerators will be given. They have been developed in house and tested during the first commissioning. |
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| ROPA010 | Component/Connection/Signal Modeling of Accelerator Systems | vacuum, controls, photon | 707 | ||
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Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. W-31-109-ENG-38. |
This paper presents a pragmatic global approach to data modeling a complex facility such as a particle accelerator. By successively partitioning the facility into collaborating subsystems, one eventually arrives at the component level–the point at which the subsystem is replaceable as a single unit. The fundamental goal of the model is to capture the dynamical relationships (i.e., the connections) that exist among the accelerator components. Components participate in one or more of three connection types: control, housing, and power. These connections are captured in a multi-hierarchical model capable of handling any component of the accelerator, from the macro scale (magnets, power supplies, racks, etc.) to the embedded scale (circuit board components), if desired. The connection approach has been used to model the signal flows between the component via their port connections. The result is a schema for a cable database that provides end-to-end signal tracing throughout the facility. The paper will discuss the multi-hierarchy nature of the model and its success in replacing the "Revision Controlled Drawing" approach to system documentation. |
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| FOAC005 | Reliability and Availability Studies in the RIA Linac Driver | linac, simulation, controls, site | 443 | ||
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Funding: Work supported by the U. S. Department of Energy under contract W-31-109-ENG-38. |
The RIA facility will include various complex systems and must provide radioactive beams to many users simultaneously. The availability of radioactive beams for most experiments at the fully-commissioned facility should be as high as possible within design cost limitations. To make a realistic estimate of the achievable reliability a detailed analysis is required. The RIA driver linac is a complex machine containing a large number of SC resonators and capable of accelerating multiple-charge-state beams. At the pre-CDR stage of the design it is essential to identify critical facility subsystem failures that can prevent the driver linac from operating. The reliability and availability of the driver linac are studied using expert information and data from operating machines such as ATLAS, APS, JLab, and LANL. Availability studies are performed with a Monte-Carlo simulation code previously applied to availability assessments of the NLC facility [http://www.slac.stanford.edu/xorg/accelops/Full/LCoptsfull] and the results used to identify subsystem failures that affect most the availability and reliability of the RIA driver, and guide design iterations and component specifications to address identified problems. *J.A. Nolen, Nucl. Phys. A. 734 (2004) 661. |
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| FPAE016 | Spallation Neutron Source Ring - Design and Construction Summary | collimation, injection, SNS, extraction | 1499 | ||
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Funding: * SNS is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 for the U.S. Department of Energy. SNS is a partnership of six national laboratories: Argonne, Brookhaven, Jefferson, Lawrence Berkeley, Los Alamos, and Oak Ridge. |
(J. Wei for the Spallation Neutron Source Collaboration) After six years, the construction of the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) accumulator ring [1] and the transport lines is completed in March 2005. Designed to deliver 1.5 MW beam power (1.5 x 1014 protons of 1 GeV kinetic energy at a repetition rate of 60 Hz), stringent measures have been implemented in the fabrication, test, and assembly to ensure the quality of the accelerator systems. This paper summarizes the construction of the ring and transport systems with emphasis on the challenging technical issues and their solutions [2]. [1] J. Wei, et al, Phys. Rev. ST-AB, Vol. 3, 080101 (2000). [2] J. Wei, "Synchrotrons and Accumulators for High-Intensity Proton Beams", Rev. Mod. Phys., Vol. 75, 1383 – 1432 (2003). |
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| FPAE046 | Initial Test of the PEFP 20MeV DTL | vacuum, proton, alignment, klystron | 2917 | ||
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Funding: This work is supported by the 21C Frontier R&D program in the Ministry of Science and Technology of the Korean government. |
A conventional 20MeV drift tube linac (DTL) for the Proton Engineering Frontier Project (PEFP) has been developed as a low energy section of 100MeV accelerator. The machine consists of four tanks with 152 cells supplied with 900kW RF power from 350MHz klystron through the ridge-loaded waveguide coupler. We assembled the fabricated accelerator components and aligned each part with care. We have also prepared the subsystems for the test of the DTL such as RF power delivery system, high voltage DC power supply, vacuum system, cooling system, measurements and control system and so on. The detailed description of the initial test setup and preliminary test results will be given in this paper. |
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| FPAT031 | High Energy Pulsed Power System for AGS Super Neutrino Focusing Horn | target, proton, pulsed-power, simulation | 2191 | ||
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Funding: Work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy. |
This paper present a preliminary design of a 300 kA, 2.5 Hz pulsed power system. This system will drive the focusing horn of proposed Brookhaven AGS Neutrino Super Beam Facility for Very Long Baseline Neutrino Oscillation Experiment. The peak output power of the horn pulsed power system will reach giga-watts, and the upgraded AGS will be capable of delivering 1 MW in beam power. |
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| FPAT041 | Design and Simulation of an Anode Stalk Support Insulator | simulation, vacuum, alignment, radiation | 2663 | ||
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Funding: This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by University of California Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract No. W-7405-Eng-48. |
An anode stalk support insulator in a magnetically insulated transmission line was designed and modeled. One of the important design criteria is that within space constraints, the electric field along the insulator surface has to be minimized in order to prevent a surface flashover. In order to further reduce the field on the insulator surface, metal rings between insulator layers were also specially shaped. To facilitate the design process, electric field simulations were performed to determine the maximum field stress on the insulator surfaces and the transmission line chamber. |
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| FPAT044 | Low Cost Magnetic Field Controller | permanent-magnet, controls, dipole, microtron | 2833 | ||
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Funding: Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo-FAPESP, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico-CNPq. |
The Physics Institute of the University of São Paulo (IFUSP) is building a continuous wave (cw) racetrack microtron. This machine has several dipole magnets, like the first and second stage recirculators, and a number of smaller ones in the transport line. These magnets must produce very stable magnetic fields to allow the beam to recirculate along very precise orbits and paths. Furthermore, the fields must be reproducible with great accuracy to allow an easier setup of the machine, though the effects of hysteresis tend to jeopardize the reproducibility. If the magnetic field is chosen by setting the current in the coils, temperature effects over the magnet and power supply tend to change the field. This work describes an inexpensive magnetic field controller that allows a direct measure of the magnetic field through an Hall probe. It includes a microcontroller running a feedback algorithm to control the power supply, in order to keep the field stable and reproducible. The controller can also execute algorithms to ramp up and down the power supply in a specific mode, in order to reduce hysteresis. |
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| FPAT047 | Control System of 3 GeV Rapid Cycling Synchrotron at J-PARC | simulation, linac, beam-losses, monitoring | 2968 | ||
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Funding: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS). |
Since the 3GeV RCS produces huge beam power of 1 MW, extreme cares must be taken to design the control system in order to minimize radiation due to beam loss. Another complexity appears in the control system, because each beam bunch of 25 Hz is required to be injected either into the MLF* or into the 50GeV MR.** Therefore, each bunch of 25 Hz must be operated separately, and the data acquisition system must collect synchronized data within each pulse. To achieve these goals, a control system via reflective memory and wave endless recorders has been developed. EPICS is adopted in the control system. Since the number of devices is huge, the management of EPICS records and their configurations require huge amount of time and man power. To reduce this work significantly, a RDB*** for static machine information has been developed. This RDB stores (1) EPICS related information of devices, interfaces, and IOC's**** with a capability to generate EPICS records automatically, and (2) machine geometrical information with a capability to generate lattice files for various simulation applications. The status of the control system focusing on the data acquisition system and the RDB will be presented. *Material and Life Science Facility. **Main Ring. ***Relational Database. ****Input Output Controller. |
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| FPAT060 | An FPGA-Based Quench Detection and Protection System for Superconducting Accelerator Magnets | superconducting-magnet, extraction, quadrupole, interaction-region | 3502 | ||
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A new quench detection and protection system for superconducting accelerator magnets was developed at the Fermilab's Magnet Test Facility (MTF). This system is based on a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) module, and it is made of mostly commerically available, integrated hardware and software components. It provides most of the functionality of our existing VME-based quench detection and protection system, but in addition the new system is easily scalable to protect multiple magnets powered independently and has a more powerful user interface and analysis tools. First applications of the new system will be for testing corrector coil packages. In this paper we describe the new system and present results of testing LHC Interaction Region Quadrupole (IRQ) correctors.
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| FPAT063 | Control System for the ORNL Multicharged Ion Research Facility High-Voltage Platform | ion, ion-source, vacuum, controls | 3591 | ||
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Funding: Work supported by U. S. DOE Office of Fusion Energy Sciences and Office of Basic Energy Sciences under contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle, LLC. |
A control system for the 250-kV platform and beamlines for accelerating and transporting multiply-charged ion beams produced by an all-permanent-magnet ECR ion source has been developed at the ORNL Multicharged Ion Research Facility. The system employs Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS) software controlling an Allen-Bradley ControlLogix Programmable Logic Controller (PLC). In addition to the I/O control points of the PLC, other devices are controlled directly by the EPICS computer through RS-232 and GPIB interfaces. PLC chassis are located at each major electrical potential of the facility, that is, at the ECR source potential, at the platform potential, and at ground potential used in the beamlines transporting ions to the various experimental end-stations. Connection of the control system components to the EPICS host is accomplished via EtherNet, including fiber optic links to the HV platform. The user interface is designed with the Extensible Display Manager (EDM) software and custom applets perform such tasks as mass-to-charge ratio scans of the platform analyzing magnet and archival of source and beamline operating parameters. |
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| FPAT069 | A Control System for the Duke Booster Synchrotron | booster, storage-ring, extraction, injection | 3792 | ||
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Funding: This work is supported by U.S. Department of Energy grant DE-FG02-01ER41175 and by U.S. AFOSR MFEL grant F49620-001-0370. |
The Duke FEL is developing a booster synchrotron to provide full energy injection into the Duke electron storage ring. In this paper, we describe the development of the control system for the booster. Requirements include the competing needs of simple and reliable turn-key operation for the machine as a booster; and the sophistication and flexibility of operation of the machine as a storage ring for commissioning, machine studies and as a light source. To simplify operations and machine studies, the high level controls will present the system in terms of the physics quantities of the accelerator, allowing a tight integration between the physics model and the low level hardware control, as we have previously implemented for Duke storage ring. |
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| FPAT070 | Performance of COTS I/O Modules in an Accelerator Control System | monitoring, wiggler, impedance, storage-ring | 3822 | ||
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Funding: This work is supported by U.S. AFOSR MFEL grant F49620-001-0370 and by U.S. Department of Energy grant DE-FG02-01ER41175. |
We analyze some recent experiences with commercial off the shelf (COTS) I/O hardware modules, comparing manufacturer specifications with our in-house measurements. Discrepancies between quoted specifications and measured performance under accelerator laboratory conditions have been observed. In some cases, design or manufacturing faults have been found which could have impact on the overall performance of the accelerator. |
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| FPAT071 | Timing System for J-PARC | linac, synchrotron, proton, target | 3853 | ||
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J-PARC has three accelerators running at the different repetition rates; a 400-MeV linac (50Hz), a 3-GeV rapid cycling synchrotron (RCS, 25Hz), and a 50-GeV synchrotron (MR). The linac and the RCS deliver the beam pluses to the different destinations in each cycle. The destinations are scheduled according to the machine operations. We define two kinds of timing, "scheduled timing" and "synchronization timing" so that the accelerators are operated with proper timing and the beam pulses are transported to the experimental facilities or the next accelerators. The J-PARC complex requires a stable and precise timing system. The system is based on a master clock generated by a synthesizer and the triggers are operated independently of the AC-line frequency. We describe the design of the J-PARC timing system and their configuration, and also present the hardware details.
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| FPAT072 | The Status of HLS Control System | photon, storage-ring, linac, feedback | 3862 | ||
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HLS (Hefei Light Source) at NSRL (National Synchrotron Radiation Lab) consists of three parts: 200Mev Linac, transport line and 800Mev storage ring. The control system was upgraded based on EPICS (Experimental Physics and Industrial Control system) from 1999 to 2004. This paper will cover the experience of using PC-based hardware under EPICS, data archiving, and some high level tools for physics and operation use.
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| FPAT076 | PC-LabView Based Control System in SAGA-LS | linac, vacuum, storage-ring, synchrotron | 3976 | ||
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A control system for SAGA Synchrotron Light Source (SAGA-LS) has been constructed. SAGA-LS is a small-medium size light source and is run by local government, which means there are a few number of staff in the laboratory. Thus the control system must be simple and robust, while inexpensive, easy to develop and maintain. The basic ideas of the system are 1) using PCs to build a low cost control system, 2) using off-shelf devices, FieldPoint (National Instrument) and PLCs, (FA-M3, Yokogawa), for robust and replaceable system, 3) using LabView for a quick in-house system development, 4) using channel access protocol between server and client to transparent from regular EPICS utilities, 5) using ActiveX CA to emulate the CA protocol. About 1,000 PVs are employed to control the magnet power supplies, the RF control sub-system, vacuum monitors, BPM data and several LCW data. The system has been operated and tuned at the beginning of the commissioning, spring 2004. MySQL database system also archives data to assist daily operation and to display the trend chart of the machine. The database applications developed by LabView, too.
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