Keyword: radiation
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MOXAA01 Challenges for Highest Energy Circular Colliders collider, luminosity, hadron, synchrotron 1
 
  • F. Zimmermann, M. Benedikt, D. Schulte, J. Wenninger
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
 
  A new tunnel of 80-100 km circumference could host a 100 TeV centre-of-mass energy-frontier proton collider (FCC-hh/VHE-LHC), with a circular lepton collider (FCC-ee/TLEP) as potential intermediate step, and a lepton-hadron collider (FCC-he) as additional option. FCC-ee, operating at four different energies for precision physics of the Z, W, and Higgs boson and the top quark, represents a significant push in terms of technology and design parameters. Pertinent R&D efforts include the RF system, top-up injection scheme, optics design for arcs and final focus, effects of beamstrahlung, beam polarization, energy calibration, and power consumption. FCC-hh faces other challenges, such as high-field magnet design, machine protection and effective handling of large synchrotron radiation power in a superconducting machine. All these issues are being addressed by a global FCC collaboration. A parallel design study in China prepares for a similar, but smaller collider, called CepC/SppC.  
slides icon Slides MOXAA01 [27.493 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOXAA01  
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MOPRO024 The Beam Test for the Ti Extraction Window Damage extraction, experiment, electron, kicker 119
 
  • T. Mimashi, N. Iida, M. Kikuchi
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
 
  For the SuperKEKB beam abort system, the Ti extraction window will be used. The damage of the extraction window was estimated with KEKB electron beam. Thin Ti plate and Ti alloy plate were tested as candidates of extraction window material. The damages were observed as a function of beam current. From this experiment, the maximum charge density at the extraction window is determined.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPRO024  
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MOPRO054 Commissioning progress of the Femto-slicing Project at SOLEIL laser, electron, wiggler, synchrotron 206
 
  • M. Labat, H.B. Abualrob, P. Betinelli-Deck, A. Buteau, N. Béchu, L. Cassinari, M.-E. Couprie, F. Dohou, C. Herbeaux, Ph. Hollander, J.-F. Lamarre, C. Laulhé, A. Lestrade, J. Lüning, O. Marcouillé, J.L. Marlats, T. Moreno, P. Morin, A. Nadji, L.S. Nadolski, D. Pédeau, P. Prigent, S. Ravy, J.P. Ricaud, M. Ros, P. Roy, M.G. Silly, F. Sirotti, K. Tavakoli, M.-A. Tordeux, D. Zerbib
    SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
 
  The femtoslicing project at SOLEIL is currently under commissioning. It will enable to serve several beamlines with 100 fs FWHM long pulses of soft and hard X-rays with reasonable flux and with a 1 kHz repetition rate. It is based on the interaction of a femtosecond Ti:Sa laser with electrons circulating in the magnetic field of a modulator wiggler, that provides the electron beam energy modulation on the length scale of the laser pulse. The optimization of the interaction is performed using two dedicated diagnostics stations. The first one, operating in the Infra-Red (IR) is installed in the tunnel and allows the adjustment of the temporal, spectral and spatial overlap between the laser and the electron beam. The second one, located in the IR-THz AILES beamline, measures the intensity of the terahertz (THz) radiation emitted by the local dip structure produced in the core electron beam after interaction. This second setup provides refined optimization of the interaction. This paper describes the layout of these diagnostics and gives first results and characterization of the slicing experiment at SOLEIL.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPRO054  
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MOPRO058 The Low-alpha Lattice and Bunch Length Limits at BESSY-VSR storage-ring, coupling, optics, dipole 216
 
  • P. Goslawski, M. Ries, M. Ruprecht, G. Wüstefeld
    HZB, Berlin, Germany
 
  Funding: Work supported by German Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung and Land Berlin.
An upgrade of the BESSY II ring to a Variable bunch length Storage Ring BESSYVSR has been recently proposed *, by introducing strongly focusing superconducting cavities. This will allow to store simultaneously long and short bunches. In the regular user optics, bunch lengths of 15 ps (rms) and down to 1.5 ps (rms) are expected. Bunches as short as 300 fs (rms), close to the bunch length limit, and a ring current of 3.5 mA at the bunch bursting threshold can be provided by using a modified low-alpha optics. This presentation will discuss the properties of the low-alpha optics and intrinsic bunch length limits, given by coupling effects of the longitudinal and horizontal plane.
* G. Wüstefeld, A. Jankowiak, J. Knobloch, M.Ries, "Simultaneous Long and Short Electron Bunches in the BESSYII Storage Ring", Proceedings of IPAC2011, San Sebastian, Spain.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPRO058  
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MOPRO059 Fluka Calculations of Gamma Spectra at BESSY injection, operation, synchrotron, vacuum 219
 
  • K. Ott, Y. Bergmann
    HZB, Berlin, Germany
 
  Funding: Funded by the Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung and by the Land Berlin
Since 22nd October 2012 BESSY is operated in top-up mode. Losses of electrons during injection cause an electromagnetic cascade, that consists of high energetic photons of the bremsstrahlung, and secondary electrons and positrons from the pair creations. The bremsstrahlung spectrum has a maximum at 1.022 MeV owing to pair creations. The spectrum has a high energetic tail, that reaches up to the electron energy of 1.7 GeV at BESSY. The low energy part of the electromagnetic cascade is produced by compton scattering or the photo - effect. Due to the opened beamshutters during top-up injections, the low energetic part of the bremsstrahlung spectrum can reach the experimental hall. We used the particle interaction and transport code FLUKA for the calculations of both the fluence and the dose distribution. We calculated the gamma spectra of the radiation through the shielding walls and through the front-ends. We discuss the question whether additional safety measures are necessary for top-up operation due to the low energy part of the spectrum. From our calculations we determined the correction factors for our ionisation chambers of the ambient dose measurement system.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPRO059  
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MOPRO062 Investigating Polarisation and Shape of Beam Microwave Signals at the ANKA Storage Ring detector, synchrotron, synchrotron-radiation, polarization 4090
 
  • J. Schwarzkopf, M. Brosi, C. Chang, E. Hertle, V. Judin, B. Kehrer, A.-S. Müller, A.-S. Müller, A.-S. Müller, M. Schuh, M. Schwarz, P. Schönfeldt, P. Schütze, J.L. Steinmann
    KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
  • F. Caspers
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
 
  At the ANKA synchrotron radiation facility measurements in the microwave range (~10 to 12 GHz) employing a LNB (Low Noise Block), which is the receiving part of a Satellite-TV system, have been carried out. Experiments showed that the observed signal depends on the length of the electron bunches. Furthermore the temporal shape of the microwave signal depends on the detector's position along the accelerator. Due the LNB antenna's sensitivity to polarisation it was also possible to measure the polarisation along the several ns long signal, revealing polarised and non-polarised regions. This paper describes the experimental setup and summarises the observations of the systematic studies performed with the LNB system.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPRO062  
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MOPRO063 Studies of Bursting CSR in Multi-bunch Operation at the ANKA Storage Ring storage-ring, synchrotron, operation, detector 225
 
  • V. Judin, M. Brosi, C.M. Caselle, E. Hertle, N. Hiller, A. Kopmann, A.-S. Müller, M. Schuh, N.J. Smale, J.L. Steinmann, M. Weber
    KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
 
  The ANKA storage ring can generate brilliant coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR) in the THz range due to a dedi- cated low-αc -optics with reduced bunch lengths. At higher electron currents the radiation is not stable, but occurs in powerful bursts caused by micro-bunching instabilities. This intense THz radiation is very attractive for users. However, the reproducibility of the experimental conditions is very low due to those power fluctuations. Systematic studies of bursting CSR in multi-bunch operation were performed with fast THz detectors at ANKA using a dedicated, ultra-fast DAQ-FPGA board. The technique and preliminary results of these studies are presented in this paper.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPRO063  
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MOPRO067 Analytic Calculation of Electric Fields of Coherent THz Pulses electron, synchrotron, synchrotron-radiation, shielding 234
 
  • M. Schwarz, P. Basler, M. Guenther, A.-S. Müller, M. von Borstel
    KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
  • M.T. Schmelling
    MPI-K, Heidelberg, Germany
 
  The coherently emitted electric field pulse of a short electron bunch is obtained by summing the fields of the individual electrons, taking phase differences due to different longitudinal positions into account. For an electron density, this sum becomes an integral over the charge density and frequency spectrum of the emitted radiation, which, however, is difficult to evaluate numerically. In this paper, we present a fast analytic method valid for arbitrary bunch shapes. We also include shielding effects of the beam pipe and consider ultra-short bunches, where the high frequency part of the coherent synchrotron spectrum is cut-off not by the inverse bunch length but by the critical frequency of synchrotron radiation. Our technique is applied to bunches, simulated simulated for the linac-based FLUTE accelerator test facility at KIT.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPRO067  
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MOPRO072 Lattice Design History of the Iranian Light Source Facility Storage Ring lattice, storage-ring, synchrotron, dipole 249
 
  • H. Ghasem
    IPM, Tehran, Iran
  • E. Ahmadi, F. Saeidi
    ILSF, Tehran, Iran
 
  Several lattice alternatives have been designed for the 3 GeV storage ring of Iranian Light Source Facility (ILSF). Design of the ILSF storage ring emphasizes an ultra low electron beam emittance, great brightness, stability and reliability which make it competitive in the operation years. In this paper, we give a brief review of the main designed lattice candidates for the ILSF storage ring.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPRO072  
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MOPRO074 Super Bright Lattice for the Iranian Light Source Facility Storage Ring lattice, dipole, emittance, storage-ring 255
 
  • H. Ghasem
    IPM, Tehran, Iran
  • E. Ahmadi
    ILSF, Tehran, Iran
 
  To have a competitive leading position in the future and to obtain ultra low beam emittance, save energy and minimizing operation cost, we have designed lattice based on the 5 low field dipole magnets per cell for the storage ring of Iranian light Source Facility (ILSF). The designed lattice has the capability of both soft and hard x-ray radiation from central dipoles. In this paper, we give specifications of lattice linear and nonlinear optimization and review properties of the radiated x-ray.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPRO074  
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MOPRO090 Top-up Operation at ALBA Synchrotron Light Source injection, operation, storage-ring, simulation 301
 
  • M. Pont, G. Benedetti, J. Moldes, R. Muñoz Horta, A. Olmos, F. Pérez
    CELLS-ALBA Synchrotron, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
 
  The ALBA light source has been operating in decay mode since May 2012. Now it is ready for top-up operation, which should become the standard operation mode for users from mid 2014. In this paper we are going to summarise the different steps that have taken place before the start of top-up operation: radiation safety simulations and measurements, upgrade of hardware and software interlocks, control software and injection optimisation.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPRO090  
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MOPRO097 Status of the Turkish Synchrotron Radiation Source Machine Design storage-ring, synchrotron, emittance, synchrotron-radiation 313
 
  • Z. Nergiz, H. Aksakal
    Nigde University, Nigde University Science & Art Faculty, Nigde, Turkey
  • A.A. Aksoy, C. Kaya
    Ankara University, Accelerator Technologies Institute, Golbasi / Ankara, Turkey
  • Ö.K. Öztürk
    Dogus University, Istanbul, Turkey
 
  Funding: Work is supported by Ministry of Development of Turkey with Grand No: DPT2006K-120470
Turkish synchrotron radiation source named TURKAY, is a part of the TAC (Turkish Accelerator Center) Project , is at conceptual design process. The radiation properties of a SR sources are strongly depends on the magnetic lattice of the storage ring. The storage ring is designed to obtain low emittance electron beam at 3 GeV energy. Optimization of the lattice properties, including the non-linear dynamics, is described in detail. Radiation properties are calculated by the example of some existing undulators from the other SR facilities.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPRO097  
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MOPRO104 Low-Energy Intrabeam Scattering Measurements at the Spear3 Storage Ring emittance, storage-ring, damping, lattice 334
 
  • K. Tian, W.J. Corbett, X. Huang, J.A. Safranek
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
 
  Intrabeam scattering (IBS) can cause emittance growth in diffraction limited light sources. At lower beam energy, the IBS effect is expected to be more pronounced. To study these effects we have developed a series of low energy lattices in SPEAR3 with beam energy ranging from 3GeV to 700MeV. The horizontal beam size and bunch length are measured as a function of beam energy and compared with theoretic calculations.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPRO104  
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MOPRO114 Particle Tracking Simulations with FLUKA for DESY FLASH and EXFEL electron, neutron, simulation, photon 363
 
  • V.G. Khachatryan, V.H. Petrosyan, A. Sargsyan, A.V. Tsakanian
    CANDLE SRI, Yerevan, Armenia
 
  The objective of the study is the simulation of the produced secondary radiation properties when the electron beam halo particles hit collimator walls. Using particle tracking simulation code FLUKA the European XFEL electron beam interaction with the titanium collimator and copper absorber of the undulator intersections as well as FLASH beam interaction with the tapered collimator were simulated. Absorbed dose spatial distribution in the material of the collimators was simulated for the total secondary radiation and its important photon and neutron components. Residual dose rate after irritation of the collimator material by the electron beam was calculated.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPRO114  
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MOPME066 Development of 400 kA Pulsed Power Supply for Magnetic Horn at FAIR Antiproton Target antiproton, operation, power-supply, coupling 517
 
  • S.S. Mohite, R. Hettinger, K. Knie, I.J. Petzenhauser
    GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
 
  This report presents an overview of the magnetic horn and its pulsed power system at the upcoming FAIR (Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research) complex at GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany. In the planned antiproton (pbar) separator scheme a magnetic horn will be used as a device for collection and focusing of highly divergent antiprotons emerging from the target with energies around 3 GeV and within a cone of about 80 mrad .To achieve the desired focusing effect, the horn needs to be powered with a current pulse of 400 kA peak amplitude at the same repetition rate as the primary proton beam, i.e. 0.1 Hz. In future, operation up to 0.2 Hz is planned without major design alterations. Due to civil construction and radiation protection limitations, possible technical realization of this system has some key design issues. The aim is to develop a reliable and efficient magnetic horn system for effective focusing of antiprotons by producing a very strong pulsed magnetic field.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPME066  
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MOPRI036 Pulse Radiolysis Using Terahertz Probe Pulses electron, laser, gun, linac 676
 
  • K. Kan, M. Gohdo, T. Kondoh, K. Norizawa, I. Nozawa, A. Ogata, T. Toigawa, J. Yang, Y. Yoshida
    ISIR, Osaka, Japan
 
  Pulse radiolysis, which utilizes a pump electron beam and a probe pulse, is a powerful tool that can be used for the time-resolved observation of ultrafast radiation-induced phenomena. Recently, double-decker pulse radiolysis* using visible probe pulses were demonstrated based on a photocathode RF gun driven by two UV pulses, which enabled synchronized pump electron beam and visible probe pulses. In this study, pulse radiolysis using terahertz (THz) probe pulses which were realized by the “double-decker” electron beams and dynamics of transient quasi-free electrons in semiconductors are presented.
* K. Kan et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 073302 (2012).
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPRI036  
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MOPRI039 Ultra-short Electron Bunch Generation using Energy-chirping Cell Attached RF Electron Gun gun, electron, cavity, simulation 685
 
  • K. Sakaue, Y. Koshiba, M. Mizugaki, M. Washio
    Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
  • R. Kuroda
    AIST, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
  • T. Takatomi, J. Urakawa
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
 
  Funding: Work supported by JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B) 23740203 and Scientific Research (A) 10001690
We have been developing an Energy-Chirping-Cell attached RF electron gun (ECC-RF-Gun) for generating ultra-short electron bunches. ECC-RF-Gun has extra cell at the end of gun cavity in order to chirp the bunch energy. Such a bunch can be compressed by the velocity difference though the drift space. We have already installed it to our accelerator system and successfully observed a coherent synchrotron/transition radiation at 0.3THz. It is clear that the bunch length was short enough to generate 0.3THz, which corresponds to less than 500fs bunch length was achieved if we assume the gaussian shape. In this conference, the principle of ECC-RF-Gun, the recent results of bunch length measurement and future prospective will be presented.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPRI039  
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MOPRI045 Beam Diagnostics E-GUN Test Stand at TARLA gun, electron, emittance, cathode 704
 
  • Ç. Kaya, A.A. Aksoy, A. Aydin, V. Karakilic, Ö. Karslı, E. Kazancı, B. Koc, S. Kuday, E.Ç. Polat, I. Sara, M. Yildiz
    Ankara University, Accelerator Technologies Institute, Golbasi / Ankara, Turkey
  • S. Özkorucuklu
    Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
 
  Funding: Work supported by Turkish State Planning Organization (Grant No: DPT2006K-120470)
Turkish Accelerator and Radiation Laboratory in Ankara (TARLA) facility, which is essentially proposed to generate oscillator mode FEL in 3-250 microns wavelengths range, will consist of totally normal conducting injector system with 250 keV beam energy, two superconducting RF accelerating modules in order to accelerate the beam 15-40 MeV. Continuous wave (CW) electron beam will provided by TARLA thermionic electron gun (E-GUN). Various aspects of the Thermionic EGUN test stand to deliver the necessary electron beam in terms of bunch charge, current, energy, emittance and profile for the beam diagnostic will be discussed. Primarily measurements results of electron beam energy loss and transverse orbit will be shown as well as beam image and shape measurements.
On behalf of TARLA Collaboration
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPRI045  
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MOPRI066 External Neutron Source for Research Reactor Based on Linear Accelerator and Beryllium Target target, neutron, electron, experiment 754
 
  • V.P. Struev, A.A. Bogdanov, A.G. Golovkina, Yu.V. Kiselev, I.V. Kudinovich, A.I. Laikin, S.M. Rubanov
    KSRC, St. Petersburg, Russia
  • A.G. Golovkina, I.V. Kudinovich
    St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
 
  Nuclear research reactor “U-3” of Krylov State Research Center was operated as an experimental tool to study a radiation shield of small nuclear power plants, radiation resistance of its equipment including control system elements. Reactor thermal output power is 50 kW. Currently reactor modernization is being carried out, in the framework of which neutron lighting system that consists of a linear electron accelerator “UEL-10D” (10 MeV) and a beryllium target is implemented. At the present time the neutron yield from the target experiments are going on, some obtained experimental results are presented. Optimal target sizes with a view to neutron yield were defined.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPRI066  
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MOPRI069 Computing Angularly-resolved Far Field Emission Spectra in Particle-in-cell Codes using GPUs plasma, simulation, laser, GPU 761
 
  • R.G. Pausch, H. Burau, M.H. Bussmann, J.P. Couperus, A.D. Debus, A. Huebl, A. Irman, A. Köhler, U. Schramm, K. Steiniger, R. Widera
    Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Institute of Radiation Physics, Dresden, Germany
  • T.E. Cowan
    HZDR, Dresden, Germany
 
  Angularly resolved far field radiation spectra computed from the Lienard Wiechert Potentials of accelerated electrons give information on the microscopic particle dynamics. We present recent results using our many-GPU, fully relativistic 3D3V particle-in-cell code PIConGPU for which we have developed fully synthetic radiation diagnostics that is capable of computing angularly-resolved radiation spectra of more than 1010 electrons for several hundred to a thousand wavelengths and directions in a single simulation in less than a day on large-scale supercomputers. With such a technique it is possible to use precision spectroscopic methods for understanding the dynamics of electron acceleration in scenarios where other diagnostics fail. We present studies on laser-driven wakefield acceleration and astrophysical jet dynamics to underline the power of this new technique.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPRI069  
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MOPRI087 Challenges of the Technical Layout of the SIS 100 Extraction System vacuum, extraction, quadrupole, septum 815
 
  • N. Pyka, L.H.J. Bozyk, U. Kopf, C. Mühle, D. Ondreka, P. Rottländer, P.J. Spiller, St. Wilfert
    GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
  • A.G. Kalimov
    St. Petersburg State Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia
 
  The FAIR synchrotron SIS100 which is under construction will provide heavy ion and proton beams of high intensity with fast and slow extraction. All extraction devices, including an internal emergency beam dump system, are installed within one straight section. This way, expected systematic beam loss is kept in a relatively small area of the synchrotron. In this area, it is rather challenging to protect components against high radiation fields, to keep XHV conditions, and to allow for maintenance of highly activated components to assure reliable beam operation. In this contribution, the technical measures to fulfill the requirements for the extraction straight section of SIS100 will be presented. These include remote controlled devices to move apart magnet yokes for the purpose of placing beam pipe heater; dedicated star-shaped vacuum chambers with integrated collimators and NEG-panels to reduce pressure bumps due to lost particles behind the electrostatic septa; a high-power multi-stage vertical extraction septum including a variable horizontal deflection.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPRI087  
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MOPRI108 Transverse H Beam Halo Scraper System in the J-PARC L3BT injection, proton, linac, operation 876
 
  • K. Okabe, M. Kinsho, K. Yamamoto, M. Yoshimoto
    JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan
 
  In the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) 3-GeV rapid cycle synchrotron (RCS), transverse beam halo scraping for the injection beam is required to increase the output beam power. The transverse collimation system at the Linac-RCS beam transport line (L3BT) was utilized in a nominal beam operation because the area of the scraper section was contaminated when scrapers were working. In the summer-autumn period of 2013, we installed a new beam-halo scraper which had optimized scraper heads for mitigation of the radiation around the scraper system. In this poster, we report a preliminary result for a halo scraper at the L3BT.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPRI108  
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MOPRI114 Numerical Estimation of the Equivalent Dose Rate after the Irradiation of a Tungsten Collimator by a Low Energy Proton Beam proton, simulation, cyclotron, operation 890
 
  • V. Talanov, D.C. Kiselev, M. Wohlmuther
    PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
 
  The issue of activation of a Tungsten collimator by protons is considered for the incident energy of 12.2 MeV. Two different simulation approaches using the Monte Carlo programs MCNPX and FLUKA are applied to estimate the equivalent remanent dose rate after the irradiation of the collimator. The results of the numerical simulation are then compared to the measured dose levels of the collimator of the COMET cyclotron at Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI).  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPRI114  
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TUOBB02 Demonstration of Gigavolt-per-meter Accelerating Gradients using Cylindrical Dielectric-lined Waveguides experiment, wakefield, electron, laser 965
 
  • B.D. O'Shea, G. Andonian, K.L. Fitzmorris, J. Harrison, J.B. Rosenzweig, O. Williams
    UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
  • M.J. Hogan, V. Yakimenko
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
 
  We present here the results of measurements made showing ~1 GV/m accelerating fields using a hollow dielectric-lined waveguide. The results are comprised of measurement of the energy loss of a high charge (~3 nC) ultrashort (~200 fs), ultra relativistic (20 GeV) beam and concomitant auto-correlation interferometeric techniques to obtain the frequency content of simultaneously generated coherent Cherenkov radiation (CCR). Experiments were conducted at the Facility for Advanced aCcelerator Experimental Tests (FACET) at the SLAC National Laboratory using metal-coated sub-millimeter diameter, ten-centimeter long fused silica tubes. We present simulation and theoretical results in support of the conclusions reached through experiment. These results build on previous work to provide a path towards high gradient accelerating structures for use in compact accelerator schemes, future linear colliders and free-electron lasers.  
slides icon Slides TUOBB02 [2.349 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUOBB02  
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TUZB01 Prospects for the use of Permanent Magnets in Future Accelerator Facilities permanent-magnet, undulator, lattice, dipole 968
 
  • J. Chavanne, G. Le Bec
    ESRF, Grenoble, France
 
  Permanent magnet based accelerator magnets may offer a viable alternative to their conventional electromagnetic pairs for many applications, especially where strong gradients and low power consumption is needed. As an example, the development of future light sources based on ultimate storage ring needs to be done in an important energy saving context aiming at a significant reduction of operational costs. After more than two decades of continuous developments in the field of permanent insertion devices, a knowledge capital on different issues such as aging effects has been gained. This technology seems ready to jump into the design and construction of advanced accelerator magnets. This talk reviews the status of the permanent magnet technology and the perspectives for its implementations in standard lattice magnets, highlighting both the advantages and the challenges as compared to electromagnetic magnets.  
slides icon Slides TUZB01 [9.341 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUZB01  
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TUPRO007 LS1 “First Long Shutdown of LHC and its Injector Chains” operation, cryogenics, electronics, shielding 1010
 
  • K. Foraz, S. Baird, M.B.M. Barberan Marin, M. Bernardini, J. Coupard, N. Gilbert, D. Hay, S. Mataguez, D.J. Mcfarlane
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
 
  The LHC and its injectors were stopped in February 2013, in order to maintain, consolidate and upgrade the different equipment of the accelerator chain, with the goal of achieving LHC operation at the design energy of 14 TeV in the centre-of-mass. Prior to the start of this Long Shutdown (LS1), a major effort of preparation was performed in order to optimize the schedule and the use of resources across the different machines, with the aim of resuming LHC physics in early 2015. The rest of the CERN complex will restart beam operation in the second half of 2014. This paper presents the schedule of LS1, describes the organizational set-up for the coordination of the works, the main activities, the different main milestones, which have been achieved so far, and the decisions taken in order to mitigate the issues encountered.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRO007  
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TUPRO012 Optimisation and Implementation of the R2E Shielding and Relocation Mitigation Measures at the LHC during the LS1 cryogenics, civil-engineering, electronics, controls 1027
 
  • A.-L. Perrot, O. Andujar, M.B.M. Barberan Marin, M. Brugger, J.-P. Corso, K. Foraz, M. Jeckel, M. Lazzaroni, B. Lefort, B. Mikulec, Y. Muttoni
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
 
  In the framework of the Radiation to Electronics (R2E) project, important mitigation actions are being implemented in the LHC during the first Long Shutdown (LS1) to reduce the Single Event Error (SEE) occurrence in standard electronics present in much of the equipment installed in LHC underground areas. Recent simulations have motivated additional actions to be performed in Point 4, in addition to those already scheduled in Points 1, 5, 7 and 8. This paper presents the organisation process carried out during LS1 to optimise the implementation of the R2E mitigation activities. It reports the challenges linked to civil engineering and to safe room relocation in Points 5 and 7. It highlights the reactivity needed to face the new mitigation requirements to be implemented in Point 4 before the end of LS1. It presents the advancement status of the R2E mitigation activities in the different LHC points with the main concerns and impact with the overall LHC LS1 planning.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRO012  
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TUPRO015 Update on Predictions for Yearly Integrated Luminosity for HL-LHC based on Expected Machine Availability luminosity, operation, electronics, cryogenics 1036
 
  • A. Apollonio, M. Jonker, R. Schmidt, B. Todd, D. Wollmann, M. Zerlauth
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
 
  Machine availability is one of the key performance indicators to reach the ambitious goals for integrated luminosity in the post Long Shutdown 1 (LS1) era. Machine availability is even more important for the future High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) [1]. In this paper a Monte Carlo approach has been used to predict integrated luminosity as a function of LHC machine availability. The baseline model assumptions such as fault-time distributions and machine failure rate (number of fills with stable beams dumped after a failure / total number of fills with stable beams) were deduced from the observations during LHC operation in 2012. The predictions focus on operation after LS1 and its evolution towards HL-LHC. The extrapolation of relevant parameters impacting on machine availability is outlined and their corresponding impact on fault time distributions is discussed. Results for possible future operational scenarios are presented. Finally, a sensitivity analysis with relevant model parameters like fault time and machine failure rate is discussed.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRO015  
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TUPRO028 Energy Deposition Studies for the Hi-Lumi LHC Inner Triplet Magnets luminosity, quadrupole, dipole, neutron 1078
 
  • N.V. Mokhov, I.L. Rakhno, S.I. Striganov, I.S. Tropin
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  • F. Cerutti, L.S. Esposito, A. Lechner
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
 
  Funding: Work supported by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC, under contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy through the US LARP Program, and by the High Luminosity LHC project.
After operation at the nominal luminosity, the LHC is planned to be upgraded to a 5-fold increased luminosity of 5×1034 cm-2s−1. The upgrade includes replacement of the IP1/IP5 inner triplet 70-mm NbTi quadrupoles with the 150-mm coil aperture Nb3Sn quadrupoles along with the new 150-mm coil aperture NbTi dipole magnet. A detailed model of the region with these new magnets, field maps, corrector packages, segmented tungsten inner absorbers was built and implemented into the FLUKA and MARS codes. Various aspects of the new design were studied: (i) thicknesses of tungsten absorbers; (ii) beam screen interruption in interconnects; (iii) crossing angle value and orientation, etc. In the optimized configuration, the peak power density averaged over the magnet inner cable width doesn’t exceed 2 mW/cm3, safely below the quench limit. For the integrated luminosity of 3000 fb-1, the highest peak dose of 35 MGy occurs in the corrector package CP, while for other magnets, the peak dose in the innermost insulators ranges from 20 to 30 MGy. Dynamic heat loads to the triplet magnet cold mass are calculated to be on a target 10 W/m level. FLUKA and MARS results agree within 10%.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRO028  
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TUPRO030 Mitigating Radiation Impact on Superconducting Magnets of the Higgs Factory Muon Collider collider, detector, dipole, factory 1084
 
  • N.V. Mokhov, Y.I. Alexahin, V.V. Kashikhin, S.I. Striganov, I.S. Tropin, A.V. Zlobin
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
 
  Funding: Work supported by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC, under contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy through the DOE Muon Accelerator Program (MAP).
Recent discovery of a Higgs boson boosted interest in a low-energy medium-luminosity Muon Collider as a Higgs Factory (HF). A preliminary design of the HF storage ring (SR) is based on cos-theta Nb3Sn superconducting (SC) magnets with the coil inner diameter ranging from 50 cm in the interaction region to 16 cm in the arc. The coil cross-sections were chosen based on the operation margin, field quality and quench protection considerations to provide an adequate space for the beam pipe, helium channel and inner absorber (liner). With the 62.5-GeV muon energy and 2×1012 muons per bunch, the electrons from muon decays deposit about 300 kW in the SC magnets, or unprecedented 1 kW/m dynamic heat load, which corresponds to a multi-MW room temperature equivalent. Based on the detailed MARS15 model built and intense simulations, a sophisticated protection system was designed for the entire SR to bring the peak power density in the SC coils safely below the quench limit and reduce the dynamic heat load to the cold mass by a factor of 100. The system consists of tight tungsten masks in the magnet interconnect regions and elliptical tungsten liners optimized for each magnet.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRO030  
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TUPRO044 Bunch Compression of the Low-energy ELBE Electron Beam for Super-radiant THz Sources electron, linac, emittance, undulator 1123
 
  • U. Lehnert, P. Michel, R. Schurig
    HZDR, Dresden, Germany
  • A.A. Aksoy
    Ankara University, Accelerator Technologies Institute, Golbasi / Ankara, Turkey
  • P.E. Evtushenko
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  • J.M. Krämer
    Danfysik A/S, Taastrup, Denmark
 
  At the ELBE radiation source two super-radiant THz sources, a broad-band trasnsition/diffraction radiation source and a planar undulator narrow-band sourc are under commissioning. At present the facility is driven from the ELBE linac with a CW electron beam of 100kHz repetition rate and up to 100pC of bunch charge. With the upgraded SRF electron gun bunch charges up to 1nC will become available. For the beam energies in the 20-30 MeV range buch compression into the sub-200 fs range becomes a major challenge. We present beam dynamics calculation of the attempted bunch compression scheme as well as first measurements obtained during the commissioning.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRO044  
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TUPRO080 Experience with a NdFeB based 1 Tm Dipole permanent-magnet, synchrotron, injection, dipole 1226
 
  • F. Bødker, L.O. Baandrup, A. Baurichter, N. Hauge, K.F. Laurberg, B.R. Nielsen, G. Nielsen
    Danfysik A/S, Taastrup, Denmark
  • O. Balling
    Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
  • F.B. Bendixen, P. Kjeldsteen, P. Valler
    Sintex A/S, Hobro, Denmark
  • N. Hertel, S.P. Møller, J.S. Nielsen, H.D. Thomsen
    ISA, Aarhus, Denmark
 
  Funding: *Work supported by The Danish National Advanced Technology Foundation
A 30° Green Magnet based on permanent NdFeB magnets has been developed and installed in the injection line at the ASTRID2 synchrotron light source. The cost efficient design is optimized for a 1 T field at a length of 1 m using shaped iron poles to surpass the required field homogeneity. The inherent temperature dependence of NdFeB has been passively compensated to below 30 ppm/°C. A study of potential demagnetization effects has been performed by irradiation of NdFeB samples placed directly in a 100 MeV e-beam. A high permanent magnet work point was found to result in enhanced robustness, and the risk of demagnetization was found to be negligible for typical synchrotron applications. The magnet has successfully been in operation at ASTRID2 since autumn 2013.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRO080  
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TUPRO084 Magnetic Tuning of FLASH2 Undulators undulator, multipole, quadrupole, pick-up 1235
 
  • O. Bilani, P. Neumann, A. Schöps, M. Tischer, S. Tripathi, P. Vagin, T. Vielitz
    DESY, Hamburg, Germany
 
  The present fixed-gap undulator system for FLASH1 and the new FLASH2 undulators will share the same electron beam accelerator, thus 12 variable gap undulators are needed in order to provide radiation of different wavelengths to both experimental halls independently. Each of the 12 devices has a length of 2.5m. The magnet structure with a period length of 31.4mm provides a maximum field of 0.96T with an effective K-parameter of 2.81 at minimum gap. Phase, vertical and horizontal trajectories have been tuned based on Hall probe and stretched wire measurements. Remaining multipoles were optimized with moderate gap dependence by using magic fingers. At some magnet structures, shims were placed to correct gap dependent field integrals. All undulators have an rms vertical and horizontal trajectory flatness <6Tmm2 for all gaps corresponding to an rms trajectory roughness (at 1GeV) along the structure of ~2um. The rms phase error is below 2° over the entire gap range.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRO084  
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TUPRO103 Novel Magnet Production Technique used for an Elliptically Polarizing Undulator undulator, controls, multipole, permanent-magnet 1286
 
  • E.J. Wallén, K.I. Blomqvist
    MAX-lab, Lund, Sweden
  • J. Bahrdt
    HZB, Berlin, Germany
  • F.-J. Börgermann
    Vacuumschmelze GmbH & Co. KG, Hanau, Germany
 
  A common problem for elliptically polarizing undulators (EPUs) is that the magnetic forces give a mechanical deflection in the magnet holder construction when changing the undulator phase. Gluing horizontally and vertically magnetized blocks together can increase the mechanical stability of the magnet holders. The gluing process of pairs of magnetized magnet blocks is time-consuming, expensive and difficult to carry out with high positional precision. A novel magnet production technique has been developed where un-magnetized pairs of blocks are glued together before magnetization. The large number of parts, the time for assembly, and the cost of the EPU can be reduced with the novel magnet production technique. The novel magnet production method has been used for a 2.6 m long EPU of APPLE-II type, which has been built in-house at the MAX IV Laboratory. The frame for the EPU is made of cast iron in order to get a small mechanical deformation when changing phase in the inclined mode. The paper includes detailed descriptions of the novel magnet production technique, including measurements of the magnetization, and the new EPU.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRO103  
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TUPRO109 Calculation of Heat Load on Double Mini-beta Y Undulators undulator, synchrotron, synchrotron-radiation, vacuum 1304
 
  • J.C. Huang, T.Y. Chung, C.-S. Hwang, Y.T. Yu
    NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
 
  Two collinear in-vacuum undulators (IU22) are adopted for light source of X-ray coherence beamline in Taiwan photon source. Each undulator is 3 meter and the drift space between two undulator is 3.991m. The synchrotron radiation is propagating in the longitudinal direction and will result in a serious heat load problem for undualtor downstream. The magnet array of undualtor downstream will received the synchrotron radiation of 142W from upstream bending magnet and undualtor. Heat load is a critical challenge for in-vacuum undulator in double mini-beta Y lattice and therefore details analysis in this paper.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRO109  
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TUPME003 Effect of CSR Shielding in the Compact Linear Collider shielding, electron, simulation, synchrotron 1337
 
  • J. Esberg, R. Apsimon, A. Latina, D. Schulte
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
 
  The Drive Beam complex of the Compact LInear Collider must use short bunches with a large charge making beam transport susceptible to unwanted effects of Coherent Synchrotron Radiation emitted in the dipole magnets. We here present the effects of transporting the beam within a limited aperture which decreases the magnitude of the CSR wake. The effect, known as CSR shielding, eases the design of key components of the facility.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPME003  
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TUPME004 Lowering the CLIC IP Horizontal Beta Function luminosity, sextupole, photon, synchrotron 1340
 
  • H. Garcia, D. Schulte, R. Tomás
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • H. Garcia
    UPC, Barcelona, Spain
 
  In order to alleviate the beamstrahlung photon emission, the beams at the CLIC Interaction Point must be flat. We propose to explore this limit reducing the horizontal beta function for CLIC at 500 GeV c.o.m. energy to half of its nominal value. This could increase the photon emission but it also increases luminosity and might allow reducing the bunch charge keeping the same luminosity. This configuration can also be considered for lower energies where beamstrahlung is less critical.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPME004  
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TUPME036 Simulation Study on Electron Beam Acceleration using Coherent Cherenkov Radiation electron, acceleration, simulation, laser 1431
 
  • K. Kan, M. Gohdo, T. Kondoh, K. Norizawa, I. Nozawa, A. Ogata, T. Toigawa, J. Yang, Y. Yoshida
    ISIR, Osaka, Japan
  • M. Hangyo
    ILE Osaka, Suita, Japan
  • R. Kuroda, H. Toyokawa
    AIST, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
 
  Beam diagnostics for electron bunch length using spectrum analysis of multimode terahertz (THz) -wave have been studied in ISIR, Osaka University*. The multimode THz-wave was generated by coherent Cherenkov radiation (CCR)** using hollow dielectric tubes and femtosecond/picosecond electron bunches. In this study, numerical calculation of acceleration and deceleration of electron beam using multimode THz-wave was carried out.
* K. Kan et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 99, 231503 (2011).
** A. M. Cook et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 095003 (2009).
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPME036  
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TUPME037 Development on On-chip Radiation Source using Dielectric Laser Accelerator laser, electron, acceleration, simulation 1434
 
  • S. Otsuki
    The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
  • K. Koyama, M. Yoshida
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  • Y. Matsumura
    University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
  • S. Mima
    RIKEN, Japan
  • M. Uesaka
    The University of Tokyo, Nuclear Professional School, Ibaraki-ken, Japan
 
  Funding: This work was partly supported by KAKENHI, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C) 24510120.
One of the state-of-the-art acceleration schemes, where high intensity laser pulses are modulated by dielectric grating structure such as quartz to accelerate charged particles, is dielectric laser acceleration (DLA)*. The difference of our DLA concept from other schemes is installation of a prism: the tilted wave-front in a prism shape refractive medium leads the suitable delay to match the phase advance of the electron beam. We plan to apply this method to build an on-chip radiation source which can hit and damage target elements of the cells. Such an application is useful in radiation biology, i.e., for investigation on bystander effects. The x-rays with small radius and adequate intensity required for this goal can be obtained using sub-micron beams from the small accelerating structure at high repetition rate (such as 50 kHz). In addition, the mass productivity of the DLA based on the consumer-grade laser and the photolithography has advantage compared to the conventional RF accelerator using high power klystrons. We will present field simulation and preliminary experimental results for demonstration on our concept of DLA.
* Demonstration of electron acceleration in a laser-driven dielectric microstructure, Nature 2013
** Laser-Based Acceleration of Nonrelativistic Electrons at a Dielectric Structure, Phys. Rev. 2013
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPME037  
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TUPME038 Wakefield excitation via a metasurface-loaded waveguide impedance, wakefield, coupling, simulation 1437
 
  • E. Sharples
    Cockcroft Institute, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
  • R. Letizia
    Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
 
  Funding: Work supported by STFC Quota Studentship grant ST/K520133/1
A metallic waveguide loaded with layers of complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) based metasurface is presented for accelerator and coherent source applications. This structure presents left handed behaviour arising from the strong electrical response of CSRRs which form the metasurface and the transverse field confined between the closely positioned metasurface layers. The loaded waveguide structure is known to have a TM-like mode at 5.47GHz suitable for acceleration. In this paper, the results of wakefield simulations are presented and a narrow band excitation identified around the frequency of the TM-like mode, indicating strong coupling between the beam and the field of this mode.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPME038  
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TUPME044 Planned High-brightness Channeling Radiation Experiment at Fermilab's Advanced Superconducting Test Accelerator electron, experiment, detector, photon 1457
 
  • B.R. Blomberg, D. Mihalcea, H. Panuganti, P. Piot
    Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, USA
  • C.A. Brau, B.K. Choi, W.E. Gabella, B.L. Ivanov, M.H. Mendenhall
    Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
  • C.W. Lynn
    Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania, USA
  • P. Piot, T. Sen
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  • W.S. Wagner
    Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Institute of Radiation Physics, Dresden, Germany
 
  Funding: Work supported by the DARPA Axis program under contract AXIS N66001-11-1-4196
In this contribution we describe the technical details and experimental setup of our study aimed at producing high-brightness channeling radiation (CR) at Fermilab’s new user facility the Advanced Superconducting Test Accelerator (ASTA). In the ASTA photoinjector area electrons are accelerated up to 40-MeV and focused to a sub-micron spot on a ~40 micron thick carbon diamond, the electrons channel through the crystal and emit CR up to 80-KeV. Our study utilizes ASTA’s long pulse train capabilities and ability to preserve ultra-low emittance, to produce the desired high average brightness.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPME044  
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TUPME050 Electron Bunch Self-modulation in Long Plasmas at SLAC FACET plasma, wakefield, experiment, electron 1476
 
  • P. Muggli
    MPI, Muenchen, Germany
  • E. Adli, V.K.B. Olsen
    University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
  • L.D. Amorim
    IST, Lisboa, Portugal
  • S.J. Gessner, M.J. Hogan, S.Z. Li, M.D. Litos
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  • C. Joshi, K.A. Marsh, W.B. Mori, N. Vafaei-Najafabadi
    UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
  • N.C. Lopes, J. Vieira
    Instituto Superior Tecnico, Lisbon, Portugal
  • O. Reimann
    MPI-P, München, Germany
 
  Funding: This work performed in part under DOE Contract DE-AC02-76SF00515.
We study the physics of self-modulation instability (SMI) of long, when compared to the wake wavelength, electron and positron bunches in pre-formed plasmas at SLAC-FACET. Self-modulation is the result of the action of focusing/defocusing transverse wakefields on the bunch radius. Self-modulation leads to observables such as overall defocusing of the bunch, periodic modulation of the bunch radius at the wake period and multi-GeV energy gain/loss by drive bunch particles. Defocusing is observed from OTR images, radial self-modulation from CTR spectra and interferometric traces and energy gain/loss from energy spectra with sub-GeV resolution. The plasma density is varied by changing the vapor density ionized by a laser/axicon system. The bunch length, radius and charge can also be varied. The SMI can be seeded using a notch collimator system. Numerical simulations indicate that seeding the SMI mitigates the hose instability. Hose instability can also be seeded, for example by using the RF deflecting cavity to impart a tilt to the incoming bunch axis. The overall experimental plan as well as the latest experimental results obtained with electron bunches will be presented.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPME050  
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TUPME054 Influence of a Vacuum Gap on a Bunch Wakefield in a Circular Waveguide Filled up with Dielectric vacuum, wakefield, cavity, electromagnetic-fields 1489
 
  • T.Yu. Alekhina, A.V. Tyukhtin, V.V. Vorobev
    Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
 
  Analysis of electromagnetic field of a particle bunch intersecting several boundaries in a dielectric waveguide is important for the wakefield acceleration technique and other problems of accelerator physics. In previous works we investigated the case of a single boundary in a waveguide*. Now we study the electromagnetic field of the bunch moving in a dielectric circular waveguide and crossing a vacuum cavity. The main attention is given to the case when wakefield (Cherenkov radiation) is generated in dielectric. The behavior of the total field depending on distance and time is explored numerically. Analytical estimations are made as well. Influence of the vacuum gap on the wakefield is considered for different lengths of the gap. It is clarified conditions when the vacuum gap does not practically influence on the wakefield. It is noted that the quasi monochromatic wave (the Cherenkov transition radiation) generated in the vacuum region can be used for restoration of the field in the area after the gap. This effect can be achieved for some optimal parameters of the problem.
* T.Yu. Alekhina, A.V. Tyukhtin, Phys. Rev. ST-AB, v.15, 091302 (2012);
T.Yu. Alekhina, A.V. Tyukhtin, Phys. Rev. ST-AB, v.16, 081301 (2013).
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPME054  
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TUPRI004 The Design and Implementation of The Radiation Monitors for the Protection of the MICE Tracker Detectors detector, experiment, emittance, electron 1559
 
  • M.A. Uchida, C. Hunt, J. Pasternak
    Imperial College of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
 
  A radiation monitor will be required for the Muon Ionisation Cooling experiment (MICE) beyond Step IV, when the RF cavities are installed. The role of the radiation monitors will be to protect the particle tracking detectors (Trackers) from dangerous levels of RF dark currents and the as- sociated photon fluxes that could potentially be produced in the RF cavities. If such levels of radiation should occur the radiation monitor will ensure that the radiation shields (shutters) are closed thereby protecting the Tracker modules. The radiation monitor will be positioned on these radiation shields and will monitor x-rays, gamma-rays and electrons up to a few MeV. It is expected that the spectrum will peak at very low energies, since the peak voltage across the cavities is 8 MV/m and so the maximum energy that an electron could gain is 12 MeV (maximally accelerated from all four RF cavities). The design, positioning and expected sensitivity of the radiation monitors will be described here along with their readout and inclusion into the MICE interlocking systems. The schedule for the work and progress so far will also be presented.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRI004  
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TUPRI020 Study of Electron Cloud Effects in SuperKEKB electron, emittance, damping, simulation 1597
 
  • K. Ohmi, D. Zhou
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
 
  In SuperKEKB, high beta section exists in the interaction region. Fast head-tail instability and incoherent emittance growth due to electron cloud are enhanced in the high beta section. Especially high beta sections are located every betatron phase advance pi. Nonlinear force due to electron cloud is coherently accumulated. Incoherent eminence growth dominates.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRI020  
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TUPRI037 Some Features of Wave Distribution in the Thin-Wall Waveguide vacuum, impedance, undulator, shielding 1641
 
  • M. Ivanyan, L.V. Hovakimyan, A. Sargsyan
    CANDLE SRI, Yerevan, Armenia
 
  In this report we derive rigorous and approximate dispersion relations for the round resistive thin-wall waveguide. The features of the distributions of dispersion curves of the waveguide axisymmetric TM modes are obtained. Cases of splitting and degeneracy of modes under consideration are detected and regularities of their behaviours are established.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRI037  
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TUPRI038 The Low Energy Particle Wakefield Radiation From the Open End of Internally Coated Metallic Tube wakefield, experiment, vacuum, resonance 1644
 
  • M. Ivanyan, A. Grigoryan, A. Sargsyan, A.V. Tsakanian
    CANDLE SRI, Yerevan, Armenia
 
  The radiation of the non-relativistic electron beam from the open end of the resistive circular waveguide is presented. The angular and spectral characteristics of the radiation are determined. The possibility of producing the focused guasi-monochromatic radiation is discussed. The principal scheme of the experiments for 5 and 20 MeV AREAL RF photogun linac is presented.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRI038  
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TUPRI039 Radiation Safety Considerations for Areal Electron Linac With Beam Diagnostic System electron, shielding, target, diagnostics 1647
 
  • V.G. Khachatryan, V.H. Petrosyan, A. Sargsyan
    CANDLE SRI, Yerevan, Armenia
 
  The AREAL linear accelerator will produce electron beam with 5 MeV energy and further upgrade up to 20 MeV. At the first stage of the operation the construction of the beam diagnostic section of complex shape and layout is planned thus making the radiation source definition difficult. FLUKA particle tracking simulation code was used to calculate produced radiation dose rates and define an appropriate radiation shielding.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRI039  
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TUPRI047 Electromagnetic Modeling of Open Cell Conductive Foams for High Synchrotron Radiation Rings impedance, synchrotron, coupling, synchrotron-radiation 1671
 
  • S. Petracca, A. Stabile
    U. Sannio, Benevento, Italy
  • A. Stabile
    INFN-Salerno, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
 
  Open cell conductive foams (OCMF) have been recently suggested as an alternative to perforated metal patches for efficiently handling gas desorption from the beam pipe wall due to intense synchrotron radiation, yielding superior performance in terms of residual gas concentration and beam shielding. Experimental work is ongoing to assess their properties, including secondary emission yields and beam coupling impedances. In this communication we attempt a review of the Literature about electromagnetic modeling of OCMF, and outline a general framework for computing the surface impedance of OCMF walls and deriving the longitudinal and transverse beam coupling impedances thereof, based on effective medium theory and electromagnetic reciprocity. A critical analysis of the relevant modeling approximations is included.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRI047  
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TUPRI097 Radiation Protection Concepts for the Beamline for Detector Tests at ELSA electron, simulation, neutron, detector 1799
 
  • N. Heurich, F. Frommberger, P. Hänisch, W. Hillert
    ELSA, Bonn, Germany
 
  At the electron accelerator ELSA, a new external beamline is under construction, whose task is to provide a primary electron beam for detector tests. In the future the accelerator facility will not only be offering an electron beam to the currently implemented photoproduction experiments for hadron physics, but to the new "‘research and technology center detector physics"',whose task is to develop detectors for particle and astroparticle physics. To dump and simultaneously measure the current of the electron beam behind the detector components a Faraday cup consisting of depleted uranium is used. The residual radiation leaving the cup is absorbed in a concrete casing. The radiation protection concept for the entire area of the new beamline was designed with the help of the Monte Carlo simulation program Fluka. In addition the concrete casing, radiation protection walls were taken into account to allow a safe working environment in the room created by the shielding walls. The presentation gives an overview of the different radiation protection concepts for the new beamline for detector tests at ELSA. Furthermore, progresses at the beamline will be reported.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRI097  
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TUPRI098 The New PLC based Radiation Safety Interlock System at S-DALINAC electron, operation, linac, status 1802
 
  • M. Arnold, J. Birkhan, M. Brunken, J. Conrad, M. Hess, F. Hug, N. Pietralla, S.T. Sievers, P. von Neumann-Cosel
    TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
 
  Funding: Supported by a HGS-HIRe travel grant
The Superconducting Darmstadt Linear Electron Accelerator S-DALINAC has been running since 1991. It consists of an injector linac, a main linac with two recirculations and is mainly used for in-house nuclear physics experiments as well as accelerator physics and technology. Radiation safety regulations demand an interlock system during operation of the accelerator. Amongst other major projects increasing the versatility and operation stability of the S-DALINAC, the existing, hardware based, interlock system is going to be replaced in the next shutdown period. The new interlock system is based on a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) and will provide two subsystems, a personnel interlock system as well as a machine safety interlock system. Whereas the first subsystem is to protect staff and visitors from being harmed by ionizing radiation, the latter subsystem prohibits the S-DALINAC beam transport and vacuum elements from being damaged due to malfunctioning of any components during accelerator operation. This contribution will give an overview on this new system and will show the latest status.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRI098  
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TUPRI099 A Proton Therapy Test Facility: the Radiation Protection Design proton, neutron, shielding, target 1805
 
  • S. Sandri, L. Picardi, C. Poggi, C. Ronsivalle
    ENEA C.R. Frascati, Frascati (Roma), Italy
  • G. Ottaviano
    ENEA-Bologna, Bologna, Italy
 
  A proton therapy test facility with a beam current lower than 10 nA in average, and an energy up to 85 MeV, has to be sited at the Frascati ENEA Research Center, in Italy. The accelerator is composed by a sequence of linear sections. From the radiation protection point of view the source of radiation for this facility is almost completely located at the final target. Physical and geometrical models of the device have been developed and implemented into a radiation transport computer code based on Monte Carlo method. The main scope is the assessment of the dose rates around the radiation source for supporting the safety analysis. For the assessment was used the FLUKA (FLUktuierende KAskade) computer code. A general purpose tool for the calculation of particle transport and interaction with matter, covering an extended range of applications including proton beam analysis. The models implemented into the code are described and the results are presented. The calculated dose rates are reported at different distances from the target. Considerations about personnel safety are issued and the shielding requirements are anticipated.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRI099  
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TUPRI102 Intervention Modelling at High-energy Particle Accelerators software, simulation, target, software-tool 1814
 
  • T. Fabry, M. Baudin, B. Feral, L. Vanherpe
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • L. Tabourot
    SYMME, Annecy-le-Vieux, France
 
  Funding: This research project has been supported by a Marie Curie Fellowship of the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme under contract number (PITN-GA-2010-264336-PURESAFE).
An important aspect in the design and operation of high-energy particle accelerators is the planning of maintenance interventions. In the planning of these interventions, optimizing the exposure of the maintenance workers to ionizing radiation is a core issue. In this context, we have addressed the need for an interactive visual software tool. The intervention planning has been modelled mathematically. A proof-of-concept software tool has been implemented using this model, providing interactive visualization of facilities and radiation levels, tools for trajectory planning and automatic calculation of the expected integrated equivalent radiation dose. We explore the use of the software using a large experimental hall at CERN as a case study. Interactive visualization of the facilities and radiation levels, tools for interactive trajectory planning as well as automatic calculation of the expected integrated equivalent dose contracted during an intervention are explored. The obtained results prove the relevance of the developed methodology and software tool and demonstrate, among others, a better exploitation of the simulation data, leading to a potential accuracy gain.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRI102  
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TUPRI103 Neutronics Analyses to Support Waste Management for SNS target, proton, neutron, operation 1817
 
  • I.I. Popova, F.X. Gallmeier
    ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  • M.J. Dayton, S.M. Trotter
    ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
 
  Funding: Work supported by the Division of Materials Science, U.S. Department of Energy, under contract number DE-AC05-96OR22464 with UT-Battelle Corporation for ORNL
According to the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) operations plan the facility components are replaced, when they reach their end-of-life due to radiation induced material damage or burn-up or because of mechanical failure or design improvements. During operation these components are exposed to a severe radiation environment and builds up significant activity during its service lifetime. These components must be safely removed, placed in a container for storage, and transported from the site. In order to classify components and suggest appropriate shipping container an accurate estimate of the radionuclide inventory is performed. On the base of calculated radionuclide inventory the spent component is classified and appropriate container for transport and storage is suggested. Container it is being modelled with the facility component, placed inside, in order to perform transport calculations to ensure that the container is compliant with the waste management regulations. Dose rate analyses are performed as well for the exposure prediction of personnel during components change out.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRI103  
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WEOAA01 Longitudinal Top-up Injection for Small Aperture Storage Rings injection, kicker, storage-ring, electron 1842
 
  • M. Aiba, M. Böge, F. Marcellini, A. Saá Hernández, A. Streun
    PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
 
  Future light sources aim at achieving a diffraction limited photon beam both in the horizontal and vertical planes. Small magnet apertures and high magnet gradients of a corresponding ultra-low emittance lattice may restrict physical and dynamic acceptance of the storage ring such that off-axis injection and accumulation may become impossible. We investigate a longitudinal injection, i.e. injecting an electron bunch onto the closed orbit with a time-offset with respect to the circulating bunches. The injected bunch will be merged to a circulating bunch thanks to longitudinal damping.  
slides icon Slides WEOAA01 [0.953 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEOAA01  
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WEOAA02 Development of the Very Short Period Undulators undulator, electron, photon, vacuum 1845
 
  • S. Yamamoto
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
 
  We have been exploring a method to fabricate very short period undulators, a period length of which is one order-of-magnitude shorter than the ordinary period of several cm. We are developing a plate-type magnet some 100mm long with a period length of 4mm. We selected this period length since we can generate 12-keV radiation with the first harmonic of this undulator in the 2.5-GeV storage ring. A multi-pole magnetizing method was applied to magnetizing this plate: a periodic undulator field (of 4-mm period in this case) was generated by pulsed electro-magnets, and was transcribed into the plate. The magnetization procedure allows the undulator field to be obtained in a very short gap between the pair of opposing plates, which is also one order-of-magnitude shorter than a gap in the ordinary undulators. We report the magnetization method to obtain a very short period and present the test results. The calculated spectrum of the radiation from the measured field compares well with that from an ideal magnetic field in the region of the fundamental radiation in case of 2.5-GeV energy of the electron beam.  
slides icon Slides WEOAA02 [5.189 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEOAA02  
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WEOAA03 Ultrashort and Coherent Radiation for Pump-probe Experiments at the DELTA Storage Ring laser, experiment, electron, undulator 1848
 
  • M. Huck, S. Hilbrich, H. Huck, M. Höner, S. Khan, C. Mai, A. Meyer auf der Heide, R. Molo, H. Rast, A. Schick, P. Ungelenk
    DELTA, Dortmund, Germany
 
  Funding: Work supported by DFG, BMBF, and by the Federal State NRW.
A light source facility employing the coherent harmonic generation (CHG) principle is being commissioned and operated since 2011 at DELTA, a 1.5-GeV electron storage ring at the TU Dortmund University, with the purpose of providing ultrashort coherent VUV radiation for time-resolved experiments. CHG is based on the interaction of ultrashort laser pulses with electrons in an undulator to generate coherent harmonics of the laser wavelength. Different methods have been used to optimize, detect and characterize the CHG radiation. One example is the study of transverse and longitudinal coherence properties in double-slit and Michelson experiments. Moreover, final steps towards performing pump-probe experiments to study ultrafast magnetic phenomena have been taken.
 
slides icon Slides WEOAA03 [4.139 MB]  
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WEPRO002 Studies of Ultrashort THz Pulses at DELTA electron, laser, detector, simulation 1936
 
  • P. Ungelenk, L.-G. Böttger, S. Hilbrich, H. Huck, M. Huck, M. Höner, S. Khan, C. Mai, A. Meyer auf der Heide, R. Molo, H. Rast, A. Schick
    DELTA, Dortmund, Germany
  • S. Bielawski, C. Evain, M. Le Parquier, E. Roussel, C. Szwaj
    PhLAM/CERCLA, Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France
  • N. Hiller, V. Judin, J. Raasch, P. Thoma
    KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
 
  Funding: Work supported by the DFG, the BMBF, and the state of NRW.
At DELTA, a 1.5-GeV electron storage ring operated as a light source by the Center for Synchrotron Radiation at the TU Dortmund University, coherent ultrashort THz pulses are routinely generated by density-modulated electron bunches. Tracking simulations as well as experimental studies using ultrafast THz detectors and an FT-IR spectrometer aim at understanding the turn-by-turn evolution of the density modulation after an initial laser-electron interaction. Furthermore, intensity-modulated laser pulses are applied to create narrow-band THz radiation. This setup is part of the new short-pulse facility based on coherent harmonic generation.
 
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WEPRO004 Status of Laser Compton Scattered Gamma-ray Source at JAEA 150-MeV Microtron laser, microtron, detector, electron 1943
 
  • R. Hajima
    JAEA/ERL, Ibaraki, Japan
  • I. Daito, H. Negm, H. Ohgaki
    Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
  • M. Ferdows, T. Hayakawa, M. Kando, T. Shizuma
    JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan
 
  Funding: This work is supported by Funds for Integrated Promotion of Social System Reform and Research and Development.
We have developed a laser Compton scattered gamma-ray source based on a 150-MeV racetrack microtron at Japan Atomic Energy Agency. The microtron equipped with a photocathode RF gun accelerates a single bunch of electrons to collide with a laser pulse from a Nd:YAG laser. Such gamma-ray source realizes industrial application of nuclear material detection in a ship cargo, which is one of the urgent requests of international nuclear security. Recent status of gamma-ray generation experiments and design study of a practical machine is presented.
 
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WEPRO006 Beam-driven Terahertz Source based on Open Ended Waveguide with a Dielectric Layer vacuum, wakefield, optics, experiment 1949
 
  • A.V. Tyukhtin, S.N. Galyamin, V.V. Vorobev
    Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
  • S.P. Antipov
    Euclid TechLabs, LLC, Solon, Ohio, USA
  • S. Baturin
    LETI, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
 
  Funding: Work is supported by the Grant of the President of Russian Federation (MK-273.2013.2) and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Grant No. 12-02-31258).
Electromagnetic waves with frequencies from 0.1 THz to 10 THz (usually called the Terahertz gap) are of great importance for a number of scientific and practical applications. Different techniques are known allowing generating these frequencies. However, a current trend of physics and industry is to fill this gap with more powerful and efficient sources. For example, recent experiments have shown promising THz generation in dielectric loaded structures*. Developing this area, we consider the THz emitting scheme where an ultrarelativistic charge exits the open end of a cylindrical waveguide with a dielectric layer and produces THz waves in a form of Cherenkov radiation. The end of the waveguide is supposed to be either orthogonal to the structure axis or skewed. To obtain THz frequencies from waveguides with centimeter or millimeter radii, we consider high order modes. We present typical field patterns (in the Fraunhofer zone) and show that the aperture of the vacuum channel gives, as a rule, the main contribution. We also give simple expressions for the angle of the main pattern lobe.
* S. Antipov et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 132910 (2012).
 
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WEPRO022 Modal Analysis of Helical Undulator Radiation In Cylindrical Waveguide undulator, vacuum, FEL, linac 1989
 
  • T.L. Vardanyan, M. Ivanyan, V. Sahakyan, A.V. Tsakanian, G.S. Zanyan
    CANDLE SRI, Yerevan, Armenia
 
  The coherent radiation of the relativistic electron beam with helical orbit in circular waveguide is studied. The radiation field configuration is obtained using modal expansion technique. For short electron bunches the coherent part of radiation is evaluated. The coherent radiation effects on the bunch performance are analyzed.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRO022  
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WEPRO023 Preventing Superconducting Wiggler Quench during Beam Loss at the Canadian Light Source wiggler, electron, simulation, storage-ring 1992
 
  • W.A. Wurtz, L.O. Dallin, M.J. Sigrist, J.M. Vogt, M.S. de Jong
    CLS, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
 
  The Canadian Light Source utilizes two superconducting wigglers for the production of hard x-rays. These superconducting wigglers often quench during beam loss, even though tracking calculations predict that the beam is lost on an aperture far from the wigglers. We present measurements that suggest the tracking simulations are correct and the electron beam indeed strikes the predicted limiting inboard aperture. By simulating the interaction of the beam with the aperture, we find that some scattered electrons can retain sufficient energy to remain inside the storage ring. The simulations show that some of these scattered electrons strike the wiggler vacuum chamber and deposit energy in the superconducting coils, causing the quench.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRO023  
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WEPRO028 A Robinson Wiggler Proposal for the Metrology Light Source emittance, wiggler, damping, synchrotron 2001
 
  • T. Goetsch, J. Feikes, M. Ries, G. Wüstefeld
    HZB, Berlin, Germany
 
  Funding: Work supported by German Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung and Land Berlin.
The Metrology Light Source (MLS), situated in Berlin (Germany) is owned by the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt and was built / is operated by the Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin. It is an electron storage ring operating from 105 MeV to 630 MeV. The MLS serves as the national primary source standard from the near infrared to the extreme ultraviolet spectral region *. Users of synchrotron radiation demand an improved lifetime which is Touschek dominated at the MLS. A possible solution to meet this demand is to lengthen the electron bunches. By installing a Robinson Wiggler (RW), damping effects can be transferred from the longitudinal to the horizontal plane **,***, thereby increasing the energy spread and reducing the horizontal emittance. By varying the energy spread, the bunch length can be increased and thus the scattering rate decreased, resulting in an improved lifetime. According to preliminary estimations a considerable increase in lifetime seems achievable, while preserving the source size.
* R. Klein et al., Phys. Rev. ST-AB 11, 110701, 2008
** K. W. Robinson, Radiation effects in circular electron accelerators, 1958.
*** H. Abualrob et al., MOPPP062, IPAC2012, New Orleans, 2012
 
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WEPRO035 Radiation Damage of Undulators at PETRA III undulator, wiggler, damping, vacuum 2019
 
  • P. Vagin, O. Bilani, A. Schöps, M. Tischer, S. Tripathi, T. Vielitz
    DESY, Hamburg, Germany
 
  In the new octant of PETRA~III, there are 14 undulator beamlines covering photon energy range from 0.3keV to 150keV. There are also 80m of damping wigglers in order to achieve a low emittance of 1nmrad. Some of these devices, operating at PETRAIII since 2008, accumulated total radiation doses of about 100kGy. Visible corrosion at the magnet structures of some permanent magnet undulators setting in after a few years and a high dose rate measured regularly by thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) gave reason to inspect the magnetic field of all insertion devices in the PETRA tunnel. This paper presents details of the magnetic field degradation caused by radiation damage to the undulator magnets. For some undulators changes in the spectral properties of the generated light were observed. It was measured with different taper settings in order to partly compensate the nonuniform demagnetization along the structure. The results are compared with the data from the sFLASH undulators and measurements of special 3 pole "sacrificial" undulator, installed in FLASH. Its magnetic field is periodically remeasured and shows field amplitude decrease of 1% per 16kGy accumulated dose.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRO035  
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WEPRO036 Construction and First Magnetic Field Test of a Superconducting Transversal Gradient Undulator for the Laser Wakefield Accelerator in Jena. undulator, electron, laser, wakefield 2022
 
  • V. Afonso Rodríguez, A. Bernhard, A.W. Grau, P. Peiffer, R. Rossmanith, M. Weber, C. Widmann, A. Will
    KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
  • M. Kaluza, M. Nicolai, A. Sävert
    IOQ, Jena, Germany
  • M. Reuter
    HIJ, Jena, Germany
 
  Funding: This work is funded by the German Federal Ministry for Education and Research under contract no. 05K10VK2 and 05K10SJ2.
A superconducting transversal gradient undulator (TGU), tailored to the particular beam properties of the laser wakefield accelerator (LWFA) at the University of Jena, has been designed and constructed at KIT. This undulator in combination with a specialized beam transport line will be employed to produce undulator radiation with natural bandwidth despite the relatively large energy spread of the electrons produced by the LWFA. The fabrication of this undulator and first results of the magnetic field measurement are discussed in this paper.
 
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WEPRO038 Possibility for Quasi-periodic Knot-APPLE Undulator undulator, polarization, synchrotron, synchrotron-radiation 2026
 
  • S. Sasaki, A. Miyamoto
    HSRC, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
  • N. Kawata, T. Mitsuyasu
    Hiroshima University, Graduate School of Science, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
  • S. Qiao
    SIMIT, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
 
  An intense on-axis radiation power from an undulator is a serious problem especially for a low-photon-energy beamline in a facility with high or medium energy storage ring. This problem may be solved by using a Figure-8, a Pera, or a Knot undulator configuration*,**. However, these schemes are useless for variably polarizing undulators such as an APPLE undulator and other similar variations since such devices are not capable for reducing on-axis power density in the linear mode. In these circumstances, we have completed a conceptual magnet design of Knot-APPLE udulator which is capable to generate elliptically polarized radiation as well as linearly polarized radiation. This pure permanent magnet device is equipped with a motion mechanism of APPLE undulator. In this paper, we present detailed magnet design feature, magnetic field distributions, and radiation properties including variations of polarization in comparisons with other exotic devices. In addition, a possibility to introduce a quasi-periodicity in this type of undulator is considered in order to achieve further reduction of second and third harmonic radiation intensities.
*S. Sasaki, "Undulators, wigglers and their applications," p.237-243 (Ed. by H. Onuki and P. Elleaume, Taylor & Francis Inc, New York, 2003).
**S. Qiao, et. al, Rev. Sci. Instrum., 80, 085108 (2009).
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRO038  
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WEPRO039 Status of PAL-XFEL Undulator Program undulator, FEL, controls, electron 2029
 
  • D.E. Kim, H.-S. Kang, W.W. Lee, K.-H. Park
    PAL, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea
  • M.-H. Cho, I.S. Ko
    POSTECH, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea
  • S. Karabekyan, J. Pflüger
    XFEL. EU, Hamburg, Germany
 
  Pohang Accelerator Laboratory (PAL) is developing 10 GeV, 0.1 nm SASE based FEL for high power, short pulse X-ray coherent photon sources named PAL-XFEL. At the first stage PAL-XFEL needs two undulator lines for photon source. PAL is developing undulator magnetic structure based on EU-XFEL design. Recently, the hard X-ray undulator changed its minimum magnetic gap to 8.3 mm from the previous 7.2 mm to alleviate the wake field impact, and to increase the allowances for the re alignment. Accordingly, the period is also changed from 24.4 mm to 26.0 mm to generate 0.1 nm at 10 GeV electron energy. In this report, the modification efforts and the progress on the prototyping of hard x-ray undulator system will be presented.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRO039  
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WEPRO041 Undulator Radiation Spectral Broadening Due To Radiation Energy Loss undulator, electron, simulation, photon 2035
 
  • N.V. Smolyakov
    NRC, Moscow, Russia
 
  A relativistic electron passing through an undulator generates electromagnetic radiation at the expenses of its own kinetic energy. This effect is usually not taken into account if the number of periods of the undulator is relatively small (100 - 200). However, at FEL facilities, long installations have been built, planned or are under construction, where many undulators are installed one after another for a total of several thousand undulator periods. For instance, the SASE1 and SASE2 lines at the European XFEL will consist of 35 undulators with 124 periods each. In this case, because of the electron energy decrease along its trajectory, the radiation from different undulators will drop out of synchronism. As a result, the radiation spectral line will be much wider. In the presented report, this effect was analyzed analytically and numerically. An expression for the critical number of undulator periods, when the effect of electron energy loss should be properly taken into account, is derived. It is found that, for the case of the European XFEL, this number is about 1200 periods.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRO041  
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WEPRO042 Damping Wiggler with Tapered Period wiggler, emittance, lattice, damping 2038
 
  • K. Karyukina
    BINP, Novosibirsk, Russia
  • A.V. Bogomyagkov, E.B. Levichev
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
 
  Strong-field short-period wigglers installed in electron storage ring increase the radiation damping integral I2 and either increase or decrease the I5 integral responsible for quantum excitation. In case of the I5 integral decreasing, the beam emittance can be substantially reduced. In the paper we discuss additional reduction of I5 by applying of the longitudinal modulation of the wiggler period (tapering).  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRO042  
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WEPRO082 A Multi-leaf Faraday Cup Especially for the Therapy of Ocular Tumors with Protons proton, cyclotron, ion, extraction 2149
 
  • C.S.G. Kunert, J. Bundesmann, T. Damerow, A. Denker
    HZB, Berlin, Germany
  • A. Weber
    Charite, Berlin, Germany
 
  Funding: Work supported by German Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung and Land Berlin
The Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin (HZB) and the University Hospital Charité in Berlin provide a treatment of ocular tumors with a proton beam. The 68 MeV proton beam is delivered by the isochronous HZB-cyclotron as main accelerator. Very important in tumor irradiation treatments is the positioning of the radiation field. For the treatment of eye tumors it is even more important, due to the small and sensitive structures in the eye. Therefore, because of the well-defined Bragg peak, a proton beam is a good choice to achieve very constrained fields of dose delivery. Especially the knowledge of the proton beam energy and the proton beam range with a high accuracy is crucial, due to the small critical structures in the eye. A possible solution for a quick and precise measurement of the range of such proton beams is a Multi-Leaf Faraday Cup (MLFC). This work has the task to develop such a MLFC adapted to the special requirements of the eye tumor therapy. An overview of the progress of this work regarding the MLFC principles and issues such as the first technical realization and results will be given.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRO082  
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WEPRO090 Status of KAERI 6 MeV 9.3 GHz X-Band Electron Linac for Cancer Treatment System linac, electron, cavity, gun 2168
 
  • B.N. Lee, B.C. Lee, S.H. Lee, S. Lee, H.D. Park, K.B. Song
    KAERI, Dae-jeon, Republic of Korea
  • P. Buaphad, Y. Kim
    ISU, Pocatello, Idaho, USA
  • S.S. Cha
    UST, Daejeon City, Republic of Korea
 
  Funding: This work was supported by a grant from the (NRF funded by the MSIFP, Korea (No.2013M2A2A4023350) and the Industrial Strategic technology development program, 10043897, funded By the MOTIE, Korea.
The X-band RF linear accelerators (LINAC’s) are popular for medical application due to its compactness. To increase the precision of treatment accuracy under circumstance in which the LINAC is mounted on an apparatus such as gantry frame or robot-arm; this is an advantage as the weight and size are more reduced. It is a 9.3 GHz magnetron with the most readily available RF generator in the X-band frequencies from 8 GHz to 12 GHz and the magnetron is mainly used for the source of the RF power in a compact LINAC. The average power of the magnetron at 9.3~GHz is generally a few MW and this amount could provide a sufficient radiation dose-rate for tumour therapy. KAERI has been developing a new compact 9.3 GHz X-band electron LINAC for a cancer treatment system. The maximum energy of the electron beam is 6 MeV and the average beam power at the tungsten target is about 1 kW. In this paper, we describe the status of development of the 6 MeV X-band LINAC at KAERI.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRO090  
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WEPRO093 Possibility of Application of THz Wiggler in Low Energy FEL for Measurements of Electron Bunch Longitudinal Structure electron, wiggler, laser, undulator 2177
 
  • E. Syresin, S.A. Kostromin, R.S. Makarov, N.A. Morozov, D. Petrov
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  • M. Krasilnikov
    DESY Zeuthen, Zeuthen, Germany
 
  Funding: The work is funded by HGDF-RFBR Grant HRJRG-400
The infrared undulator constructed at JINR and installed at FLASH in 2007 is used for longitudinal bunch shape measurements in the range of several tenths of μm. The presented below electromagnetic wiggler is applied for a narrow-band THz radiation for measurements of electron bunch longitudinal structure in FEL with electron energy of several tenths of MeV. This is a planar electromagnetic device with 6 regular periods, each of 30 cm long. The K parameter is varied in the range 0.5- 7.12 corresponding to a range B=0.025- 0.356 T of the peak field on axis. The wiggler is simulated for 19.8 MeV/c FEL. The bunch compression scheme allows the whole wavelength range to be covered by super-radiant emission with a sufficient form factor. The wavelength range corresponds to 126 μm - 5.3 mm for the electron beam momentum of 19.8 MeV/c. The 3D Opera simulations of THz wiggler will be discussed.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRO093  
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WEPRO094 Synchrotron Radiation Test Validations of European XFEL MCP-based Detectors at DORIS Beamline BW1 detector, photon, FEL, ion 2180
 
  • E. Syresin, A.Yu. Grebentsov, A.V. Shabunov, N.I. Zamiatin
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  • R. Basta, T. Fiala, P. Hedbavny
    Vakuum Praha, Prague, Czech Republic
  • O.I. Brovko
    JINR/VBLHEP, Moscow, Russia
  • W. Freund, J. Grünert, H. Sinn
    XFEL. EU, Hamburg, Germany
  • D. Novikov, M.V. Yurkov
    DESY, Hamburg, Germany
 
  Radiation detectors based onμchannel plates (MCP) are planned for installation at the European XFEL. Main purpose of these detectors is searching a signature of lasing and further fine tuning of the FEL process. Detectors operate in a wide dynamic range from the level of spontaneous emission to the saturation level (between a few nJ and 25 mJ), and in a wide wavelength range from 0.05 nm to 0.4 nm for SASE1 and SASE2, and from 0.4 nm to 4.43 nm for SASE3. The SR tests validation of the MCP-based detector applied for XFEL lines SASE1 and SASE2 were performed at the DORIS beamline BW1 at SR with photon energy of 8.5-12.4 keV. The absolute measurements of a photon pulse energy for hard X-ray radiation were performed with application of MCP and photodiode detectors. Pulse-to-pulse photon energy measurements with MCPs and silicon photo detector were done with 192 ns and 96 ns repetition intervals. The SR beam imaging measurement at X-ray irradiation was performed at test validation experiments.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRO094  
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WEPRO096 X-ray Radiation Source for Low Dose Angiography based on Channeling Radiation electron, optics, photon, cavity 2186
 
  • S.M. Polozov, T.V. Bondarenko
    MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
 
  Angiography is one of the most reliable and contemporary procedure of the vascular system imaging. X-ray spectrums provided by all modern medical angiographs are too broad to acquire high contrast images and provide low radiation dose at the same time. The new method of narrow X-ray spectrum achieving is based on the idea of channelling radiation application. The X-ray filters used in this method allows eliminating the high energy part of the spectrum and providing dramatic dose reduction. The scheme of the facility including the X-ray filter is discussed. The results of the spectrum analysis for the channelling radiation source and typical angiography X-ray tube are discussed. Doses obtained by the water phantom and contrast of the iodine agent image are also provided for both cases.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRO096  
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WEPRO098 Producing Two-photon Planar Sources at an Electron Accelerator target, electron, photon, simulation 2192
 
  • V.L. Uvarov, N.P. Dikiy, A.N. Dovbnya, Yu.V. Lyashko, Yu.V. Rogov, V.A. Shevchenko, A.Eh. Tenishev
    NSC/KIPT, Kharkov, Ukraine
 
  Gamma-sources with two-energy spectrum are used in industrial and medical diagnostics for quantitative introscopy (tomography). Commonly, such sources are obtained by a reactor technology (153Gd) or using an ultrastable X-ray tube with properly shaped spectrum of radiation. We suggested utilize the 179Ta isotope (Ex~ 55 keV, T1/2= 665 day) in combination with 57Co (Eγ=122 keV, T1/2=273 day). A soft technology for producing planar sealed 179Ta/57Co sources at an electron accelerator by X-ray irradiation of a target from natural tantalum and nickel was developed. The isotope yield and absorbed power of radiation in the target device vs electron beam energy were calculated using a modified transport code PENELOPE-2008. The results of experiment conducted to determine the yields of the target isotopes and by-products are in good agreement with the simulation data.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRO098  
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WEPRO113 Status of the Radiation Source ELBE Upgrade laser, electron, operation, klystron 2233
 
  • P. Michel, T.E. Cowan, U. Lehnert, U. Schramm
    HZDR, Dresden, Germany
 
  ELBE is based on a 40 MeV superconducting Electron Linac able to operate in CW mode and provides manifold secondary user beams. The suite of secondary beams include: two free electron lasers operating in the IR/THz regime; a fast neutron beam; a Bremsstrahlung gamma-ray beam; a low-energy positron beam; and patented single-electron test beams. The primary electron beam is also used for radiobiology research, or in interaction with ultra-intense PW-class lasers. Through 2014 ELBE will be upgraded to a Centre for High Power Radiation Sources. The ELBE beam current was increased to 1.6 mA by using novel solid state RF amplifiers. The concept also contains additional broad and narrow band coherent THz sources and the development of a 500 TW TiSa Laser and even a 1.5 PW diode pumped laser system. Laser plasma electron acceleration and proton acceleration experiments for medical applications are planned. Additionally, coupled electron laser beam experiments like Thomson scattering or injection of ELBE electron into the laser plasma will be done.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRO113  
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WEPRO118 THz Radiation Generation in Multimode Wakefield Structures wakefield, experiment, electron, linac 2248
 
  • S.P. Antipov, S.V. Baryshev, C.-J. Jing, A. Kanareykin, P. Schoessow
    Euclid TechLabs, LLC, Solon, Ohio, USA
  • M.G. Fedurin
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
  • W. Gai, A. Zholents
    ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA
  • D. Wang
    TUB, Beijing, People's Republic of China
 
  Funding: DOE SBIR
A number of methods for producing sub-picosecond electron bunches have been demonstrated in recent years. A train of these bunches is capable of generating THz radiation via multiple mechanisms like transition, Cherenkov and undulator radiation. We propose to use a bunch train like this to selectively excite a high order mode in a dielectric wakefield structure. This allows us to use wakefield structures that are geometrically larger and easier to fabricate for beam-based THz generation. In this paper we present a THz source design based on this concept and experimental progress to date.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRO118  
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WEPME026 Layout of the Vacuum System for a New ESRF Storage Ring vacuum, lattice, storage-ring, insertion 2314
 
  • M. Hahn, J.C. Biasci, H.P. Marques
    ESRF, Grenoble, France
 
  The proposed 7-bend achromat lattice for the new 6 GeV electron storage ring of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility imposes a change of the entire vacuum system. Small bore magnets will require low conductance vacuum chambers. Conventional vacuum pumps will have to be assisted by distributed pumping provided by Non-Evaporable Getter (NEG) coating. The time constraints for design, prototyping, pre-assembly, installation and commissioning of the new systems require simple solutions and the use of existing expertise where possible. In this paper the draft layout of the vacuum system will be explained, information about the expected dynamic pressure distribution and conditioning will be given. Some technical solutions to resolve specific issues arising from the small vacuum chamber dimensions and the dense arrangement of components are described.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPME026  
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WEPME028 Systematic Measurement of the Pumping Capabilities of Cryogenic Surfaces cryogenics, vacuum, simulation, operation 2317
 
  • F. Chill, O.K. Kester
    IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
  • L.H.J. Bozyk, O.K. Kester, P.J. Spiller
    GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
 
  The quality of the beam vacuum is crucial for the stable operation of synchrotrons with high intensity heavy ions. Cryogenic surfaces are capable of pumping residual gases by cryocondensation until the saturated vapor pressure (SVP) is reached. Even at LHe temperatures the SVP of hydrogen is too high. If the surface coverage is sufficiently low, residual gas can also be bound by cryosorption, yielding in acceptable low pressures. These pumping capabilities can be described by two parameters, both dependent on surface temperature and coverage: The sticking probability (SP), that is the chance of an impinging gas particle to be bound, and the mean sojourn time (MST) of a particle on the surface. To acquire these parameters, an experimental setup is currently built at GSI. It consists of a cryogenic chamber, cooled by a cold head and a warm part with vacuum diagnostics and gas inlet. It allows monitoring the pumping speed and also the equilibrium pressure of the cryogenic part from which the SP and the MST can be deducted. The results will be used to further improve the accuracy of the dynamic vacuum simulations in cryogenic areas of particle accelerators.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPME028  
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WEPME031 Magnetic Design of the First Prototype Pure Permanent Magnet Undulator for the ILSF undulator, brilliance, permanent-magnet, electron 2326
 
  • A. Ramezani Moghaddam, J. Rahighi
    ILSF, Tehran, Iran
  • H. Ghasem
    IPM, Tehran, Iran
  • M. Lamehi Rashti
    Nuclear Science & Technology Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
  • A. Ramezani Moghaddam
    NSTRI, Tehran, Iran
 
  Iranian light source facility (ILSF) is a 3GeV, 400 mA, 3rd generation light source under design and construction. This paper describes the details of the preliminary magnetic design of the first prototype PPM undulator for the ILSF. In the preliminary design, the undulator period and some other parameters have been determined to reach desired x-ray spectrum to be used for soft x-ray application. A PPM layout and a model undulator with 16 poles is used to calculate the properties of the designs.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPME031  
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WEPME034 Soft X-ray Reflectivity and Photoelectron Yield of Technical Materials: Experimental Input for Instability Simulations in High Intensity Accelerators photon, electron, optics, synchrotron 2335
 
  • R. Cimino
    INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy
  • R. Cimino
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • F. Schäfers
    HZB, Berlin, Germany
 
  High luminosity particle accelerators can suffer from serious performance drop or limitations due to interaction of the synchrotron radiation produced by the accelerator itself with the accelerator walls. Such interaction may produce a number of photoelectrons, that can either seed electron cloud related instabilities and/or interact anyway with the beam itself, potentially causing its deterioration. To correctly take these effects into account simulation codes depends on the realistic knowledge of Reflectivity and Photoelectron Yield of technical material. In this work we present relevant experimental data for some of the mostly used technical surfaces in accelerators.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPME034  
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WEPME037 Monte Carlo Simulations of Synchrotron Radiation and Vacuum Performance of the Max IV Light Source photon, vacuum, simulation, synchrotron 2344
 
  • M. Ady, R. Kersevan
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • M.J. Grabski
    MAX-lab, Lund, Sweden
 
  In the MAX IV light-source in Lund, Sweden, the intense synchrotron radiation (SR) distributed along the ring generates important thermal and vacuum effects. By means of a Monte Carlo simulation package, which is currently developed at CERN, both thermal and vacuum effects are quantitatively analysed, in particular near the crotch absorbers and the surrounding NEG-coated vacuum chambers. Using SynRad+, the beam trajectory of the upstream bending magnet is calculated; SR photons are generated and traced through the geometry until their absorption. This allows an analysis of the incident power density on the absorber, and to calculate the photon induced outgassing. The results are imported to Molflow+, a Monte Carlo vacuum simulator that works in the molecular flow regime, and the pressure in the vacuum system and the saturation length of the NEG coating are determined using iterations.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPME037  
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WEPME042 The LHC Vacuum Pilot Sectors Project vacuum, electron, controls, detector 2360
 
  • B. Henrist, V. Baglin, G. Bregliozzi, P. Chiggiato
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
 
  The operation of the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at nominal beam parameters is expected for the next years (2015). Increased synchrotron-radiation stimulated-desorption and electron-cloud build-up are expected. A deep understanding of the interactions between the proton beams and the beampipe wall is mandatory to control the anticipated beam-induced pressure rise. A Vacuum Pilot Sector (VPS) has been designed to monitor the performance of the vacuum system with time. The VPS is installed along a double LHC room temperature vacuum sector (18 m long, 80 mm inner diameter beam pipes) and includes 8 standard modules, 1.4 m long each. Such modules are equipped with residual gas analysers, Bayard-Alpert gauges, photon and electron flux monitors, etc. The chosen modular approach opens the possibility of studying different configurations and implementing future modifications. This contribution will describe the apparatus, the control system designed to drive measurements and possible applications during the next LHC operational phase.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPME042  
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WEPME059 Conceptual Design of a Storage Ring Vacuum System Compatible with Implementation of a Seven Bend Achromat Lattice at the APS vacuum, storage-ring, photon, synchrotron 2409
 
  • B.K. Stillwell, B. Brajuskovic, H. Cease, D.L. Fallin, J. R. Noonan, M.M. O'Neill
    ANL, Argonne, Ilinois, USA
 
  A conceptual design is presented for a storage ring vacuum system at the Advanced Photon Source (APS) which is compatible with a multi-bend achromat (MBA) lattice under development for the APS Upgrade (APS-U) project [1]. Together, the interface with the magnets, required quantity and stability of beam position monitors, synchrotron radiation loading, and beam physics requirements place a demanding set of constraints on the vacuum system design. However, the requirements can be satisfied with a hybrid system which combines conventional extruded aluminum chambers incorporating “antechambers” with a variety of simpler tubular chambers made variously of copper-plated stainless steel, NEG-coated copper, and bare aluminum. This hybrid system has advantages over an all NEG-coated copper system with regard to overall project risk, required installation time, and maintainability.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPME059  
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WEPRI028 Operation Status of Compact ERL Main Linac Cryomodule operation, linac, cavity, cryomodule 2537
 
  • K. Umemori, K. Enami, T. Furuya, S. Michizono, T. Miura, F. Qiu, H. Sakai, M. Satoh, K. Shinoe
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  • E. Cenni
    Sokendai, Ibaraki, Japan
  • M. Sawamura
    JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan
 
  We have developed a main linac cryomodule, in which two nine-cell HOM damped SRF cavities were mounted, for the Compact ERL (cERL) project in Japan. The main linac cryomodule is operated by a 2K refrigerator system, whose cooling ability is 80W. RF power is fed to each cavity from an IOT or a solid state amplifier. Amplitude and phase of RF stabilization is done by using a digital LLRF system. Cavity resonant frequency is controlled by using mechanical and piezo tuners. Before beam operation, performance test of the cryomodule has been carried out. Generally the cryomodule works well, but heavy field emission is rather problem. After construction of cERL circulation ring, we have a plan to do first beam operation with energy recovery mode, in this winter. Electron beam are accelerated up to 20 MeV. Heavy heat load to 2K Helium, caused by field emission, restrict cavity operation voltage. We report about a series of performance tests and a first experiment from beam operation.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRI028  
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WEPRI045 Key Design Features of Crab-Cavity Cryomodule for HiLumi LHC cavity, cryomodule, cryogenics, HOM 2580
 
  • S.M. Pattalwar, A.J. May, P.A. McIntosh, A.E. Wheelhouse
    STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  • G. Burt, B.D.S. Hall
    Cockcroft Institute, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
  • O. Capatina
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • T.J. Jones, N. Templeton
    STFC/DL, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  • T.H. Nicol
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
 
  A prototype Superconducting RF (SRF) cryomodule, comprising multiple compact crab cavities is foreseen to realise a local crab crossing scheme for the “Hi-Lumi LHC”, a project launched by CERN to increase the luminosity performance of LHC. A cryomodule with two cavities will be initially installed and tested on the SPS drive accelerator at CERN to evaluate performance with high-intensity proton beams. STFC in collaboration with, University of Lancaster, CERN and FNAL has developed a concept cryomodule that has overcome most of the critical challenges imposed by a series of boundary conditions arising from; the complexity of the cavity design, the requirement for multiple RF couplers, the close proximity to the second LHC beam pipe and the tight space constraints in the SPS tunnel. This paper highlights some of the key design features of the cryomodule with the results of the associated mechanical and thermal analysis.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRI045  
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WEPRI054 Medium Field Q-Slope Studies in Low Beta Resonators cavity, niobium, controls, operation 2608
 
  • O.S. Melnychuk, A. Grassellino, A.I. Sukhanov
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
 
  Studies of the phenomenon of Medium field Q-slope (MFQS, 30-80 mT) have been focused predominantly on high beta superconducting cavities. Complementing research on cavity losses with the analysis of low beta cavity data can provide additional insights into the nature of MFQS. We present MFQS measurements of 325MHz β=0.2 single spoke resonators and 650MHz β=0.9 elliptical single cell resonators at vertical test facility at FNAL. We compare our findings with those obtained for high frequency 1.3GHz cavities tested both at the same facility and other laboratories.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRI054  
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WEPRI077 Cryogenic Test of a 750 MHz Superconducting RF Dipole Crabbing Cavity* cavity, simulation, cryogenics, electron 2672
 
  • A. Castilla, J.R. Delayen
    ODU, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
  • A. Castilla, J.R. Delayen, H. Park
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  • A. Castilla
    DCI-UG, León, Mexico
 
  Funding: *Authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177. With resources of NERSC, under U.S. DOE contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
A superconducting rf dipole cavity has been designed to address the challenges of a high repetition rate (750 MHz), high current for both electron/ion species (0.5/3 A per bunch), and large crossing angle (50 mrad) at the interaction points (IPs) crabbing system for the Medium Energy Electron-Ion Collider (MEIC) proposed by Jefferson Lab. The cavity prototype built at Niowave, Inc. has been tested at the Jefferson Lab facilities. In this work we present a detailed analysis of the prototype cavity performance at 4 K and 2 K, corroborating the absence of hard multipacting barriers that could limit the desired transverse fields, along with the surface resistance (Rs) temperature dependency.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRI077  
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WEPRI091 Superconducting Multipole Wigglers: State of the Art wiggler, synchrotron, synchrotron-radiation, vacuum 4103
 
  • N.A. Mezentsev, S.V. Khrushchev, V.K. Lev, V.A. Shkaruba, V.M. Syrovatin, V.M. Tsukanov
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
 
  Superconducting multipole wigglers installed on synchrotron radiation sources are the powerful tools for researches in various areas of science and technics. SuperConducting Multipole Wigglers (SCMWs) represent sign-alternating sequence of magnets with lateral magnetic field. Relativistic electrons, passing through such set of magnetic elements, create radiation with properties of synchrotron radiations depending on maximum field its period and poles number. The first superconducting wiggler has been made and installed on the VEPP-3 electron storage ring as generator of synchrotron radiation in 1979. Nowadays tens of wigglers are successfully working in the various synchrotron radiation centers and more than 10 of them were developed and made in Budker INP. These wigglers may be divided into 3 groups: 1- Short period 3-3.5 cm with field ~2-2.5 Tesla 2- Medium period 4.8-6 cm with field ~ 3.5-4.5 Tesla 3- Long period 14.5-20 cm with field 7-7.5Tesla. The description of magnetic properties of the wigglers, parameters of both cryogenic and vacuum systems and their technical decisions are presenteded in the report.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRI091  
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WEPRI095 Modelling of a Short-period Superconducting Undulator undulator, simulation, alignment, software 2716
 
  • B.J.A. Shepherd, J.A. Clarke
    STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  • V. Bayliss, T.W. Bradshaw
    STFC/RAL, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
  • E.C. Longhi
    DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
 
  STFC, in collaboration with Diamond Light Source, are designing and building a 15.5 mm period, 1.26 T superconducting undulator. This paper describes the modelling of the undulator, using Radia and Opera. Extensive numerical modelling has been carried out to simulate the effect of manufacturing tolerances on the quality of the magnetic field, in order to meet the demanding 3° rms phase error specification.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRI095  
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WEPRI107 Fundamental Thermal Analysis for Cryogenic System Design cavity, cryogenics, cryomodule, electron 2749
 
  • H. Kim, D. Jeon, W.K. Kim, G.-T. Park, I. Shin, J.H. Shin, S.W. Yoon
    IBS, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
 
  Non-uniform temperature distribution, surface roughness, and superfluid helium level change between 2K dewar and cryomodule are most important thermal analyses in designing cryogenic system. Effective temperature for non-uniform temperature distribution is defined. Thermal radiation property from surface roughness which is related to fractional dimension is investigated. Superfluid helium level change between 2K dewar and cryomodule is shown as a function of temperature difference. Our research can be useful thermal analyses for cryogenic system design.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRI107  
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THYA01 Control and Application of Beam Microbunching in High Brightness Linac-driven Free Electron Lasers laser, FEL, impedance, electron 2789
 
  • G.V. Stupakov
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
 
  The remarkable properties of coherent radiation from free-electron lasers (FELs) are due to the current modulation in the beam with the modulation period equal to the radiation wavelength. This modulation is developed as a result of a beam instability when the beam propagates in a long FEL undulator, and requires a beam with a high-peak current, small emittance and a small energy spread. Unfortunately the same beam qualities make it a subject to a so-called microbunching instability at a much longer scale than the radiation wavelength. It is driven by the space charge and CSR impedances in the machine and develops during the beam acceleration in the linac, compression, and transport to the undulator. If not controlled, the microbunching instability influences dramatically the FEL performance and in the worst case can even ruin the lasing. In the presentation we will review the mechanism behind the microbunching instability, the suppression methods used in existing facilities as well as possible future developments and concepts.  
slides icon Slides THYA01 [5.631 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THYA01  
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THOBA03 Beam Transport System from a Laser Wakefield Accelerator to a Transverse Gradient Undulator undulator, electron, laser, beam-transport 2803
 
  • C. Widmann, V. Afonso Rodríguez, A. Bernhard, N. Braun, A.-S. Müller, A.I. Papash, R. Rossmanith, W. Werner
    KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
  • M. Kaluza, M. Reuter
    HIJ, Jena, Germany
  • M. Kaluza, M. Nicolai, A. Sävert
    IOQ, Jena, Germany
 
  Funding: This work is funded by the German Federal Ministry for Education and Research under contract no. 05K10VK2.
The transport and matching of electron beams generated by a laser wakefield accelerator (LWFA) is a major challenge due to their large energy spread and divergence. Strong focussing magnets and a chromatic correction are required. This contribution discusses the layout of the beam transport optics for a diagnostic beamline at the LWFA in Jena, Germany. The aim of this optics is to match the betatron functions and the dispersion to the field of a transverse gradient undulator (TGU) such that monochromatic undulator radiation is generated despite the large energy spread.
 
slides icon Slides THOBA03 [2.891 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THOBA03  
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THPRO007 Beam-based Alignment in the European XFEL SASE1 undulator, quadrupole, simulation, FEL 2867
 
  • H. Jin, W. Decking, T. Limberg
    DESY, Hamburg, Germany
 
  The European X-ray Free Electron Laser (E-XFEL) provides an ultra-short and high-brilliant photon pulses of spatially coherent X-rays with wavelengths down to 0.05 nm by using three undulator systems. Within these undulator systems, the orbit trajectory is required to be straight to a few micron over each gain length, so that the photon beam is capable of overlapping efficiently with the electron beam. However, this requirement is not obtainable with ordinary mechanical alignment methods. For this reason, a beam-based alignment (BBA) method using BPM readings of different beam energies is applied to the E-XFEL SASE1 undulators. In this report, we describe the BBA simulation for SASE1 including alignment errors of quadrupoles and BPMs. After correction, the desired range of the orbit trajectory is attained with high confidence. In addition, to identify the reliability of an aligned orbit trajectory acquired from the BBA simulation, we present here the SASE FEL radiation simulation, in which we observe a slight decrease of radiation energy and power.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRO007  
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THPRO008 Obtaining High Degree of Circular Polarization at X-ray FELs via a Reverse Undulator Taper undulator, FEL, bunching, polarization 2870
 
  • E. Schneidmiller, M.V. Yurkov
    DESY, Hamburg, Germany
 
  Baseline design of a typical X-ray FEL undulator assumes a planar configuration which results in a linear polarization of the FEL radiation. However, many experiments at X-ray FEL user facilities would profit from using a circularly polarized radiation. As a cheap upgrade one can consider an installation of a short helical (or cross-planar) afterburner, but then one should have an efficient method to suppress powerful linearly polarized background from the main undulator. In this paper we propose a new method for such a suppression: an application of the reverse taper in the main undulator. We discover that in a certain range of the taper strength, the density modulation (bunching) at saturation is practically the same as in the case of non-tapered undulator while the power of linearly polarized radiation is suppressed by orders of magnitude. Then strongly modulated electron beam radiates at full power in the afterburner. Considering SASE3 undulator of the European XFEL as a practical example, we demonstrate that soft X-ray radiation pulses with peak power in excess of 100 GW and an ultimately high degree of circular polarization can be produced.
Phys. Rev. ST-AB 16(2013)110702
 
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THPRO010 Analysis of Operation of Harmonic Lasing Self-seeded FEL undulator, FEL, simulation, electron 2876
 
  • E. Schneidmiller, M.V. Yurkov
    DESY, Hamburg, Germany
 
  Harmonic lasing self-seeded FEL holds great potential for significant improvement of the the longitudinal coherence of the radiation. A gap-tunable undulator is divided into two parts by setting two different undulator parameters such that the first part is tuned to a sub-harmonic of the second part. Harmonic lasing occurs in the exponential gain regime in the first part of the undulator, also the fundamental stays well below saturation. In the second part of the undulator the fundamental mode is resonant to the wavelength, previously amplified as the harmonic. The amplification process proceeds in the fundamental mode up to saturation. In this case the bandwidth is defined by the harmonic lasing (i.e. it is reduced by a significant factor depending on harmonic number) but the saturation power is still as high as in the reference case of lasing at the fundamental in the whole undulator, i.e. the spectral brightness increases. Application of the undulator tapering in the deep nonlinear regime would allow to generate higher peak powers approaching TW level. The scheme is illustrated with the parameters of the European XFEL.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRO010  
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THPRO011 Investigation of the Coherence Properties of the Radiation at FLASH emittance, electron, FEL, undulator 2879
 
  • E. Schneidmiller, M.V. Yurkov
    DESY, Hamburg, Germany
 
  We present the results of the studies of coherence properties of the radiation from FLASH for fundamental harmonic and higher odd harmonics. General overview of the parameter space is performed including peak current, emittance, and external focusing. The results of our studies show that present configuration of FLASH free electron laser is not optimal for providing ultimate quality of the output radiation. We find that the physical origin of the problem is mode degeneration. The way for improving quality of the radiation is proposed.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRO011  
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THPRO012 Wakefield-based Dechirper Structures for ELBE wakefield, vacuum, electron, controls 2882
 
  • F. Reimann, U. van Rienen
    Rostock University, Faculty of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, Rostock, Germany
  • U. Lehnert, P. Michel
    HZDR, Dresden, Germany
 
  Funding: Federal Ministry of Education and Research
The efficient reduction of the pulse length and the energy width of electron beams plays a crucial role in the generation of short pulses in the range of sub-picoseconds at future light sources. At the radiation source ELBE in Dresden Rossendorf short pulses are required for coherent THz generation and laser-electron beam interaction experiments such as X-ray Thomson scattering. Energy dechirping can be carried out passively by wakefields generated when the electron beam passes through suitable structures, namely corrugated and dielectrically lined cylindrical pipes or dielectrically lined rectangular waveguides (*,**,***). All structures offer the possibility to tune the resulting wakefield and therefore the resulting energy chirp through a variation of purely geometrical or material parameters. In this paper we present a semi-analytical approach to determine the wakefield in dielectrically lined rectangular waveguide, starting with the expression of the electric field in terms of the structure's eigenmodes.
* Bane, Stupakov, SLAC-PUB-14925 (2012)
** Mosnier, Novokhatski, in: Proceedings of PAC97, Vancouver, Canada, 1997
*** Antipov et al., in: Proceedings of IPAC2012, New Orleans, USA, 2012
 
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THPRO016 Stable Generation of High Power Self-seeded XFEL at SACLA electron, undulator, photon, FEL 2888
 
  • T. Inagaki, N. Adumi, T. Fukui, T. Hara, Y. Inubushi, T. Ishikawa, H. Kimura, R. Kinjo, H. Maesaka, Y. Otake, H. Tanaka, T. Tanaka, K. Togawa, M. Yabashi
    RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, Japan
  • S. Goto, T.K. Kameshima, T. Ohata, K. Tono
    JASRI/SPring-8, Hyogo, Japan
  • T. Hasegawa, S. Tanaka
    SES, Hyogo-pref., Japan
  • A. Miura, H. Ohashi, H. Yamazaki
    Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI/SPring-8), Hyogo, Japan
 
  A self-seeded XFEL system using a transmitted beam under Bragg diffraction has been developed at the first compact XFEL facility SACLA in order to generate a brilliant single-mode XFEL with high temporal coherence. High stability and unique beam characteristics of SACLA should significantly contribute to achieve reliable, high-quality seeded XFEL operation. In particular, the short-pulse property that has been achieved in routine operation enables us to switch SASE and seeded mode quickly, without changing the electron beam parameters. This is also useful for delivering different modes to multiple beamlines simultaneously. In the test experiments carried out in autumn 2013, spectral narrowing was observed at 10 keV using diamond 400 reflection. Systematic optimization on beam properties is now in progress towards experimental use of seeded XFELs in summer 2014. This talk gives the overview of the plan, achieved results and ongoing R&D.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRO016  
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THPRO018 Electron-Magnetic-Phase Mixing in a Linac-driven FEL to Suppress Microbunching in the Optical Regime and Below linac, electron, FEL, laser 2894
 
  • S. Di Mitri, S. Spampinati
    Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy
  • H.-S. Kang
    PAL, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea
  • S. Spampinati
    Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
 
  Control of microbunching instability is a fundamental requirement in modern high brightness electron linacs, in order to prevent malfunction of beam optical diagnostics and contamination in the generation of coherent radiation, such as free electron lasers. We present experimental control and suppression of microbunching instability-induced optical transition radiation by means of particles’ longitudinal phase mixing in a magnetic chicane*. In presence of phase mixing, the intensity of the beam-emitted coherent optical transition radiation is reduced by one order of magnitude and brought to the same level provided, alternatively, by beam heating. The experimental results are in agreement with particle tracking and analytical evaluations of the instability gain. A discussion of applications of magnetic phase mixing to the generation of quasi-cold high-brightness ultra-relativistic electron beams is finally given.
* S. Di Mitri and S. Spampinati, Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 134802 (2014)
 
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THPRO022 JINR Powerful Laser Driver Applied for FEL Photoinjector laser, FEL, electron, ion 2906
 
  • E. Syresin, N. Balalykin, M.A. Nozdrin, G. Shirkov, G.V. Trubnikov
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  • E. Gacheva, E. Khazanov, G. Luchinin, S. Mironov, A. Poteomkin, V. Zelenogorsky
    IAP/RAS, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
 
  Funding: The work is funded by the German Federal Ministry of education and Research, project 05K10CHE.
The JINR develops a project of superconducting linear accelerator complex, based on a superconducting linear accelerator, for applications in nanoindustry, mainly for extreme ultraviolet lithography at a wavelength of 13.5 nm using kW-scale Free Electron Laser (FEL) light source. The application of kW-scale FEL source permits realizing EUV lithography with 22 nm, 16 nm resolutions and beyond. JINR-IAP collaboration constructed powerful laser driver applied for photoinjector of FEL linear accelerator which can be used for EUV lithography. To provide FEL kW-scale EUV radiation the photoinjector laser driver should provide a high macropulse repetition rate of 10 Hz, a long macropulse time duration of 0.8 ms and 8000 pulses per macropulse. The laser driver operates at wavelength of 260-266 nm on forth harmonic in the mode locking on base of Nd ions or Yb ions The laser driver micropulse energy of 1.6 uJ should provide formation of electron beam in FEL photoinjector with the bunch charge about 1 nC.
 
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THPRO023 Methods for the Optimization of a Tapered Free-Electron Laser wiggler, FEL, electron, simulation 2909
 
  • A.W.L. Mak, F. Curbis, S. Werin
    MAX-lab, Lund, Sweden
 
  In a free-electron laser (FEL), the technique of wiggler tapering enables the sustained growth of radiation power beyond the initial saturation. With the goal to develop an X-ray FEL in the terawatt power regime, it is important to utilize this technique and optimize the taper profile, giving the wiggler parameter as a function of the distance along the wiggler line. This work examines two methods of optimization, which are based on the theoretical analysis by Kroll, Morton and Rosenbluth (KMR). Using the numerical simulation code GENESIS, the methods are applied to a case for the possible future FEL at the MAX IV Laboratory in Lund, Sweden, as well as a case for the LCLS-II.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRO023  
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THPRO026 Design Parameters and Current Status of the TARLA Project FEL, electron, undulator, linac 2918
 
  • A.A. Aksoy, Ö. Karslı, C. Kaya, E. Kazancı, O. Yavaş
    Ankara University, Accelerator Technologies Institute, Golbasi / Ankara, Turkey
  • P. Arıkan
    Gazi University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Teknikokullar, Ankara, Turkey
  • S. Özkorucuklu
    Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
 
  Funding: Work is supported by Ministry of Development of Turkey with Grand No: DPT2006K-120470
The Turkish Accelerator and Radiation Laboratory in Ankara (TARLA) will operate two InfraRed Free Electron Lasers (IR-FEL) covering the range of 3-250 microns. The facility will consist of an injector fed by a thermionic triode gun with two-stage RF bunch compression, two superconducting accelerating ELBE modules operating at continuous wave (CW) mode and two independent optical resonator systems with different undulator period lengths. The electron beam will also be used to generate Bremsstrahlung radiation. In this paper, we discuss design goals of the project and present status and road map of the project.
On behalf of TARLA Team
 
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THPRO031 Short Pulses THz FEL for the Oxford Accelerator Science Laboratory FEL, cavity, gun, undulator 2934
 
  • T. Chanwattana, R. Bartolini, A. Seryi
    JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom
  • R. Bartolini
    DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
  • E. Tsesmelis
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
 
  The Accelerator Science Laboratory (ASL) is under development at the John Adams Institute in Oxford with the aim of fostering advanced accelerator concepts and applications. The option to install a short pulse THz FEL based on a conventional RF accelerator driven by a RF photocathode gun is being investigated. This report presents the concept of the facility, the accelerator physics and FEL studies and engineering integration in the University physics department.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRO031  
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THPRO033 Electron-bunch Shaping for Coherent Compton Scattering electron, laser, simulation, scattering 4107
 
  • J.E. Thorne, P. Piot, I. Viti
    Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, USA
  • P. Piot
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
 
  Producing high-quality x rays could have important applications to high-precision medical imaging and national security. Inverse Compton scattering involving the head-on collision of a relativistic electron bunch with a high-power laser offers a viable path toward the realization of a compact x-ray source. A method consisting in reflecting a short-pulse laser onto a “relativistic mirror” (a moving thin sheet of electrons) has been proposed and recently demonstrated as a way to enhance the back-scattered photon flux by operating in the coherent regime. In this contribution we present particle-in-cell numerical simulations of the inverse Compton scattering process and especially investigate the impact of the laser-pulse and electron-beam distributions that could substantially improve the x-ray production via coherent emission.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRO033  
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THPRO041 Position of Maximum in Quantum Spectrum of Synchrotron Radiation electron, polarization, synchrotron, synchrotron-radiation 2952
 
  • A.N. Burimova, D.M. Gitman
    IFUSP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
  • V.G. Bagrov
    Institute of High Current Electronics, Tomsk, Russia
 
  Funding: FAPESP
In the framework of quantum theory, we consider the condition for radiation maximum shift between harmonics of SR spectrum for scalar and spinor particles. Since quantum spectrum is discrete and finite, one can find values of radiation parameters such that the maximum in radiation spectrum stays at highest harmonic. It turns out that there exists a "quantization" of magnetic field associated with shift of maximum from one harmonic to another.
 
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THPRO050 Study of a THz/VUV Free Electron Laser Facility in Taiwan FEL, laser, undulator, linac 2980
 
  • N.Y. Huang, M.C. Chou, C.-S. Hwang, W.K. Lau, A.P. Lee
    NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
  • A. Chao, J. Wu
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  • C.H. Chen, Y.-C. Huang
    NTHU, Hsinchu, Taiwan
  • X.M. Yang
    DICP, Dalian, People's Republic of China
 
  A free electron laser (FEL) facility aimed for VUV and THz radiation is being studied at National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC) in Taiwan. Strong consideration has been given to minimize the cost by making maximum use of existing hardware at NSRRC. One unique consideration is to use an existing undulator for the dual functions of the THz radiator and the modulator of a HGHG section. Design emphasizes versatility of operation and beam quality control and compensation of nonlinearities, with a vision that it will allow as much as possible future upgrades as well as later R&D of FEL physics. The polarization control of the THz radiation provides novel application for the users. The facility is to be housed in the existing 38-m by 5-m tunnel of the TPS Linac Test Laboratory.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRO050  
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THPRO053 Ion Effects in the Cornell ERL High Intensity Photoinjector ion, resonance, simulation, electron 2989
 
  • S.J. Full, A.C. Bartnik, I.V. Bazarov, J. Dobbins, B.M. Dunham, G.H. Hoffstaetter
    Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
 
  We present our first measurements of trapped ions in the Cornell energy recovery linac (ERL) photoinjector. During high intensity operation, ions become trapped inside of the electric potential generated by the electron beam and oscillate transversely with a characteristic frequency. At high beam currents, electron beam-ion interactions result in excessive radiation, primarily due to beam losses and bremsstrahlung. However, by shaking the beam at the trapped ion's oscillation frequency, we are able to drive a resonance that severely reduces or eliminates this radiation. This both confirms the viability of beam shaking as an ion mitigation strategy inside high intensity injectors, and allows us to measure the trapped ion oscillation frequencies indirectly. Experimental data for a beam energy of 5 MeV, a bunch repetition rate of 1.3 GHz, and beam currents up to 20 mA, as well as simulations to describe our data and the beam shaking principle are presented.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRO053  
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THPRO064 Effect of Laser-plasma Channeling on Third-harmonic Radiation Generation laser, plasma, electron, focusing 3023
 
  • M. Singh, D.N. Gupta
    University of Delhi, Delhi, India
 
  An intense Gaussian laser beam, propagating through a magnetized plasma, becomes self-focused due to the ponderomotive force on the electrons. The magnetic field reduces the radius of the laser beam and enhances the self focusing of the laser beam. The self-sustained plasma channel can affect the efficiency of harmonic generation of the interacting laser beam. The radial density gradient of the channel beats with the oscillatory electron velocity to produce density perturbation at laser frequency. The ponderomotive force at second-harmonic frequency produces electrons density oscillations that beat with the oscillatory velocity to create a non-linear current, driving the third harmonic radiation. The velocity and density perturbation associated with the self-focused laser beam generates a nonlinear current at triple fold frequency of the fundamental laser. Our results show that the efficiency of third-harmonic generation of the laser beam is affected significantly due to the self-sustained plasma channel. The strength of magnetic field play a crucial role in efficiency enhancement of third-harmonic generation.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRO064  
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THPRO065 De-coherence Study of Betatron Oscillation for the Beam Shape Manipulation synchrotron, betatron, lattice, target 3026
 
  • Y. Shoji
    LASTI, Hyogo, Japan
 
  In electron storage ring a temporal perturbation to the beam makes spatial structure in a bunch, which emit short X-ray or coherent THz radiation. For this technique of bunch shape manipulation, it is important to reduce unwanted de-coherence of betatron motion, which would break the intended spatial structure. At NewSUBARU, 1.5 GeV storage ring, we kicked the beam using a vertical fast kicker and investigated the de-coherence of betetron oscillation using mainly a dual-sweep streak camera. The largest is the Landau damping by a well-known chromatic tune spread, although the phase spread comes back to zero at after a synchrotron oscillation period. On the other hand, there exists several non-linear effects, which makes accumulation of the oscillation phase spread. These are, horizontal betatron amplitude dependent vertical tune shift, synchrotron oscillation amplitude dependent synchrotron tune shift, non-linear chromaticity, synchrotron oscillation chromaticity (non-symmetry of rf bucket), longitudinal radiation excitation process, and others. The tuning knobs we had was some sets of non-linear magnets up to octupole and the rf voltage.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRO065  
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THPME035 High-performance Accelerating Cryomodule for the LINCE Project cryomodule, solenoid, vacuum, shielding 3298
 
  • D. Gordo-Yáñez, R. Carrasco Dominguez, I. Martel, A.R. Pinto Gómez
    University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
  • C. Gómez
    IDOM, Bilbao, Spain
 
  Funding: Work partially supported by the Spanish Government (MINECO-CDTI) under program FEDER INTERCONNECTA.
The linear accelerator of LINCE consists on 26 superconducting quarter-wave resonators with three different geometric betas working at 72.75 and 109.125 MHz and three types of SC solenoids. In this paper we discuss the first cryomodule design based on thermal and mechanical studies carried out in COMSOL Multiphysics. This includes the design of cavity and solenoid cryostats, liquid-helium reservoir and layout of the cryogenic tank.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME035  
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THPME082 Sirius Diagnostic Beamlines dipole, emittance, diagnostics, synchrotron 3427
 
  • N. Milas, L. Liu, A.R.D. Rodrigues
    LNLS, Campinas, Brazil
 
  Sirius is a 3 GeV synchrotron light source that is being built by the Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS). It will be part of a novel class of light sources with emittances in the sub-nm level. Both horizontal and vertical beam sizes at the dipoles will be of the order of or below 10μm, creating difficulties for measuring them using conventional techniques. This paper proposes a series of beamlines using different techniques that, combined, will be able not only to resolve beam sizes, but also measure energy spread and local transverse coupling in the storage ring.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME082  
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THPME086 Optical Fiber Beam Loss Monitor for the PHIL and ThomX Facilities beam-losses, vacuum, photon, operation 3433
 
  • I. Chaikovska, L. Burmistrov, N. Delerue, A. Variola
    LAL, Orsay, France
 
  Fiber beam loss monitor (FBLM) is an attractive solution to measure intensity and position of the beam losses in the real time. It is a very useful tool, especially, for the commissioning and beam alignment. In this article we report on the development of the FBLM at PHIL (PHotoinjector at LAL, Orsay, France) as a prototype of the beam loss monitor for the ThomX machine, the compact Compton based X-ray source being in the construction phase in Orsay.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME086  
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THPME088 Study of Phase Reconstruction Techniques applied to Smith-Purcell Radiation Measurements simulation, electron, diagnostics, monitoring 3436
 
  • N. Delerue, J. Barros, M. Vieille Grosjean
    LAL, Orsay, France
  • O.A. Bezshyyko, V. Khodnevych
    National Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, The Faculty of Physics, Kyiv, Ukraine
 
  Funding: Work supported by the France-Ukraine high energy physics laboratory and by the Université Paris-Sud (programme “attractivité") and the French ANR (contract ANR-12-JS05-0003-01).
Measurements of coherent radiation at accelerators typically give the absolute value of the beam profile Fourier transform but not its phase. Phase reconstruction techniques such as Hilbert transform or Kramers Kronig reconstruction are used to recover such phase. We report a study of the performances of these methods and how to optimize the reconstructed profiles.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME088  
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THPME089 On the Suitability of Longitudinal Profile Measurements using Smith-Purcell Radiation for Short High Current Proton Beams proton, simulation, detector, optics 3439
 
  • J. Barros, N. Delerue, M. Vieille Grosjean
    LAL, Orsay, France
  • I. Dolenc Kittelmann
    ESS, Lund, Sweden
  • C.A. Thomas
    Lund University, Lund, Sweden
 
  Funding: Financially supported by the Université Paris-Sud (programme "attractivité") and the French ANR (contract ANR-12-JS05-0003-01).
The use of Smith-Purcell radiation to measure electrons longitudinal profiles has been demonstrated at several facilities in the picosecond and sub-picosecond range. There is a strong interest for the development of non intercepting longitudinal profile diagnostics for high current proton beams. We present here results of simulations on the expected yield of longitudinal profile monitors using Smith-Purcell radiation for such proton beams.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME089  
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THPME093 Reconstruction of Longitudinal Electrons Bunch Profiles at FACET, SLAC background, electron, detector, wakefield 3453
 
  • M. Vieille Grosjean, J. Barros, N. Delerue, S. Jenzer
    LAL, Orsay, France
  • F. Bakkali Taheri, G. Doucas, I.V. Konoplev, A. Reichold
    JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom
  • C.I. Clarke
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
 
  The E-203 collaboration is testing a device on FACET at SLAC to measure the longitudinal profile of electron bunches using Smith-Purcell radiation. At FACET the electron bunches have an energy of 20GeV and a duration of a few hundred femtoseconds. Smith-Purcell radiation is emitted when a charged particle passes close to the surface of a metallic grating. The set-up installed in FACET consists in four targets (three gratings and a blank) on a carrousel on one side and eleven pyroelectric detectors on the opposite side, the beam passing between. At the moment, the measurement is averaged over a hundred pulses or more. We have studied the stability of the measurement from pulse to pulse and the resolution of the measure depending on the number of grating used.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME093  
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THPME097 Schottky Diode Detectors for Monitoring Coherent THz Synchrotron Radiation Pulses detector, synchrotron, electron, synchrotron-radiation 3465
 
  • A. Semenov, H.-W. Hübers, A. Pohl
    DLR, Berlin, Germany
  • O. Cojocari, M. Sobornytskyy
    ACST GmbH, Hanau, Germany
  • A. Hoehl, R. Müller
    PTB, Berlin, Germany
  • M. Ries, G. Wüstefeld
    HZB, Berlin, Germany
 
  Coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR) in the terahertz frequency range is a powerful tool for the diagnostics of the electron-beam relying on the fact that the emission spectrum of THz CSR depends on the shape of the electron bunch from which the radiation is emitted. Among available direct THz detectors only superconducting microbolometers and Schottky diodes are capable to resolve single CSR pulses. Here we present recent photoresponse measurements of CSR with a quasioptical zero-bias Schottky diode detector which was produced at ACST GmbH. The rise-time of the recorded real-time transient was limited to approximately 20 ps by the 18-GHz bandwidth of interconnecting cables. Non-saturated responsivity of the detector, that is the amplitude of the voltage transient referred to the total CSR pulse energy in the detector quasioptical mode, was approximately 1.5 mV/fJ. The dynamic range of the detector spans almost three orders of magnitude from 3 fJ to 1 pJ. The intrinsic jitter of the detector was less than 2 ps thus not affecting the effective time resolution and allowing us to measure the arrival-time jitter of CSR pulses for different settings of the storage ring parameters.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME097  
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THPME098 Set up of a Synchrotron Light Monitor at the 2.5 GeV Booster Synchrotron at ELSA synchrotron, vacuum, diagnostics, injection 3468
 
  • T. Schiffer
    Uni Bonn, Bonn, Germany
  • P. Hänisch, W. Hillert, M.T. Switka
    ELSA, Bonn, Germany
 
  For the upgrade of the accelerator facility ELSA towards higher stored beam currents, a non-destructive beam analysis is being implemented at the 2.5 GeV booster synchrotron. It is a fast ramping combined function synchrotron with an extraction repetition rate of 50 Hz. Typically, beam currents of 10 mA are accelerated from 20 MeV to the extraction energy of 1.2 GeV within 8.6 ms, hence the magnetic field is increased by up to 85 T/s. A synchrotron light monitor as the primary diagnostic tool will be utilized for measuring the transversal position and intensity distribution of the beam. Its dynamics on the fast energy ramp is of distinct interest. The proposed set-up of the synchrotron light monitor and the current development are presented.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME098  
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THPME099 Synchrotron Radiation Diagnostics Performance at ELSA diagnostics, synchrotron, feedback, synchrotron-radiation 3471
 
  • M.T. Switka, F. Frommberger, P. Hänisch, W. Hillert, D. Proft, M. Schedler, S. Zander
    ELSA, Bonn, Germany
 
  Funding: Work funded by the DFG within SFB/TRR16.
The pulse stretcher ring ELSA delivers polarized and non-polarized electrons with an adjustable beam energy of 0.5 - 3.5 GeV to external experimental stations. To meet the growing demands of the user community regarding beam intensity and quality, the upgrade of vital accelerator components is an ongoing process. This includes the improvement of the beam diagnostics in order to resolve and monitor intensity and quality limiting effects. ELSA has recently been equipped with a diagnostic synchrotron radiation beamline housing a streak camera as main beam imaging device. It extends the diagnostics capabilities into the picosecond temporal resolution regime and captures fast longitudinal and transverse beam dynamics. The obtained measurements provide crucial feedback for further machine optimization. The overall performance of the streak camera system and machine relevant measurements are presented.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME099  
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THPME106 Compact Integrated THz Spectrometer in GaAs Technology for Electron Bunch Compression Monitor Applications detector, electron, synchrotron, diagnostics 3489
 
  • N. Neumann, M. Laabs, D. Plettemeier, M. Schiselski
    TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
  • M. Gensch, B.W. Green, S. Kovalev
    HZDR, Dresden, Germany
 
  Funding: BMBF 05K13ODB
Bunch compression monitors are essential for the efficient operation of linear accelerators. The spectral distribution of coherently generated THz radiation is a favorable measure for the shape of the electron bunches. Today, THz spectrometers are bulky and costly. Here, the concept of an integrated on-chip semiconductor spectrometer being developed in a joint effort by HZDR and TU Dresden within the scope of the BMBF project InSEl is presented. This potentially low-cost and compact solution based on Schottky diode detectors, integrated on-chip THz antennas and filters fabricated in a commercial GaAs process will not exceed 5 mm in size replacing current single element THz detectors in the bunch compression monitors in the ELBE accelerator at HZDR. Covering the frequency range from 0.1 to 1.5 THz (and more in the future) with a resolution of 5 to 20 points, it could also be of interest for the longitudinal electron bunch diagnostic at other electron linacs such as FLUTE, BERLinPro, FLASH or the European X-FEL. Furthermore, the detector bandwidth in the GHz range supports the high repetition rates of superconducting radio frequency accelerators.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME106  
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THPME113 Commissioning of an Ultra-fast Data Acquisition System for Coherent Synchrotron Radiation Detection detector, synchrotron, real-time, synchrotron-radiation 3497
 
  • C.M. Caselle, M. Brosi, S.A. Chilingaryan, T. Dritschler, E. Hertle, V. Judin, A. Kopmann, A.-S. Müller, J. Raasch, M. Schleicher, M. Siegel, N.J. Smale, J.L. Steinmann, M. Vogelgesang, M. Weber, S. Wuensch
    KIT, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
 
  The commissioning of a new real-time and high-accuracy data acquisition system suitable for recording individual ultra-short coherent pulses detected by fast terahertz detectors will be presented. The system is able to monitor turn-by-turn all buckets in streaming mode. The main board consists of a direct sampling board operating with a minimum sampling time of 3 psec and a time jitter less than 1.7 psec. The very low noise layout design combined with a wide dynamic range and bandwidth of the analog front-end allows to sample pulse signals generated by various GHz/THz detectors, like NbN and YBCO superconductor film detectors or zero biased Schottky Diode detectors. The digitized data is transmitted to the DAQ system by an FPGA readout board with a data transfer rate of 4 GByte/s. The setup is accomplished by a real-time data processing unit based on high-end graphics processors (GPUs) for on-line analysis of the frequency behaviour of the coherent synchrotron emissions. The system has been successfully used to study the beam properties of the ANKA synchrotron radiation source located at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology and operating in the energy range between 0.5-2.5 GeV  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME113  
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THPME115 EUV Radiation Generated by a 5.7 MeV Electron Beam in Multilayer Periodical Structure target, electron, experiment, photon 3503
 
  • S.R. Uglov, A. Potylitsyn, L.G. Sukhikh, A.V. Vukolov
    TPU, Tomsk, Russia
  • G. Kube
    DESY, Hamburg, Germany
 
  Funding: This work was partly supported by the by the Ministry of Education Science of the Russian Federation, contract 2.1799.2011.
Recent experience from linac based FELs like LCLS or FLASH shows that transverse beam imaging based on optical transition radiation (OTR) might fail due to coherence effects in the OTR emission process. In order to overcome the problem it was proposed to use transition radiation (TR) in the EUV region*. For a reliable beam diagnostics however, an increase of the light output in the EUV region is required. One possibility to increase the radiation yield in the geometry of interest (target tilt angles 22.5 or 45 degrees) is to exchange the conventional monolayer target by a multilayer structure which acts as a multilayer X-ray mirror for EUV radiation. In this case, two radiation components are expected to contribute to the measured signal, diffracted transition radiation (DTR) and parametric radiation (PR)**. In this report we present results of an experimental investigation of EUV TR generated by a 5.7 MeV electron beam at monolayer and multilayer targets. The angular characteristics of the radiation was investigated and compared with theoretical models.
* L.G. Sukhikh, S. Bajt, G. Kube et al., in Proc. IPAC'12, MOPPR019, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA, p.819 (2012)
** N.Nasonov, V.Kaplin, S.Uglov, e al., Phys. Rev. E 68 (2003) 036504
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME115  
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THPME124 Spectral Analysis of Micro-Bunching Instabilities using Fast THz Detectors detector, synchrotron, bunching, operation 3530
 
  • J.L. Steinmann, E. Hertle, N. Hiller, V. Judin, A.-S. Müller, M. Schuh, P. Schönfeldt, P. Schütze
    KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
  • E. Bründermann
    Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
 
  Micro-bunching instabilities occur at synchrotron light sources when the particle density rises due to compression of the electron bunches. They lead to powerful bursts of coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR) in the THz range at the cost of very unstable intensity and spectral properties, highly fluctuating on a millisecond time scale. For interferometry this changing source demands a long averaging time to achieve a reasonably high signal-to-noise ratio or balancing by the use of an additional reference detector. In this study we present measurements taken by a Martin-Puplett-interferometer in the bursting regime with ultra-fast THz-detectors.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME124  
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THPME128 Fast Beam Diagnostics for Third-Generation Synchrotrons by Means of Novel Diamond-based Photon BPMs electron, photon, diagnostics, detector 3541
 
  • M. Antonelli, G. Cautero, I. Cudin, D.M. Eichert, D. Giuressi, W.H. Jark, E. Karantzoulis, S. Lizzit, R.H. Menk
    Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy
  • A. De Sio, E. Pace
    Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
  • M. Di Fraia
    Università degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
 
  In the past years electron beam stability has been intensively addressed In new-generation Synchrotron Radiation (SR) sources. Many SR machines have been equipped with a Fast Orbit Feedback (FOFB) based on electron Beam-Position Monitors (eBPMs). Also photon Beam-Position Monitors (pBPMs) are a useful tool for keeping the electron beam under control by simultaneously monitoring position and intensity of the delivered radiation; the machine control system can take advantage of this information in order to improving the electron beam stability. At Elettra, a diagnostic beamline, which utilizes a couple of single-crystal CVD diamond detectors as fast pBPMs, has been built and inserted into a bending-magnet front end. Preliminary tests carried out during normal machine operations show that this system allows to monitor the beam position with sub-micrometric precision at the demanding readout rates required by the FOFB. Therefore, this diagnostic line represents a demonstrator for future implementation of pBPMs at several bending-magnet front ends of Elettra.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME128  
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THPME152 Application of the Optical Diagnostics during the Commissioning of the Booster of NSLS-II booster, diagnostics, vacuum, synchrotron 3614
 
  • O.I. Meshkov, S.M. Gurov
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
  • V.V. Smaluk
    DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
  • X. Yang
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
 
  We describe the experience obtained with several types of diagnostics during commissioning of the booster of NSLS-II. The set includes fluorescent screens, synchrotron light monitors and beam loss monitors. The information that was useful for commissioning as well as advantages and disadvantages of each diagnostics are discussed.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME152  
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THPME156 Convergent Cherenkov Radiation from Dielectric Targets target, optics, vacuum, FEL 3626
 
  • S.N. Galyamin, E.S. Belonogaya, A.V. Tyukhtin, V.V. Vorobev
    Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
  • E.S. Belonogaya
    LETI, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
 
  Funding: Work was supported by the Grant of the President of Russian Federation (No. 273.2013.2).
Cherenkov radiation is a convenient tool for charged particle detection and bunch diagnostics. However, due to the complexity of real radiator geometry, different approximate techniques are elaborated for investigation of excited radiation*. Here we develop recently reported** approximate method for calculating Cherenkov radiation of a charge flying near a dielectric target having two main boundaries (the first interacts with a charge field and the second mainly refracts a generated radiation). We focus on cases where the radiation outside the target is convergent and use two methods for field investigation: ray optical technique and aperture integration technique. First, we deal with the case of a conical target with a vacuum channel. Under certain conditions, this radiation is concentrated near the line being the symmetry axis of the target. Second, we find the specific shape of the target that concentrates radiation in a small vicinity of given point (focus). Such targets can be used for improvement of detectors and bunch diagnostics systems based on Cherenkov effect.
*A.P. Potylitsyn et al., Diffraction Radiation from Relativistic Particles, STMP 239 (Springer, 2010).
**E.S. Belonogaya, A.V. Tyukhtin, S.N. Galyamin, Phys. Rev. E, 87, 043201 (2013).
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME156  
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THPME157 Radiation of a Charged Particle Bunch Moving in the Presence of Planar Wire Structure diagnostics, electronics, operation, vacuum 3629
 
  • V.V. Vorobev, S.N. Galyamin, A.V. Tyukhtin
    Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
 
  Funding: Work was supported by "Dynasty" Foundation, the Grant of the President of Russian Federation (No. 273.2013.2) and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Grant No. 12-02-31258).
The structure under consideration represents a set of long thin parallel wires which are placed in a plane with fixed spacing. The wires can exhibit a limited conductivity. If the period of the structure is much less than the typical wavelength, the structure’s influence can be described with help of the averaged boundary conditions*. The main attention is given to the case when the bunch flies through the grid in the orthogonal direction. Radiation of charged particle bunch which have small transversal size and limited longitudinal one is studied. Analytical expressions for volume and surface waves are given for the bunches with arbitrary longitudinal profile. A separate analysis is performed for the particular case of the plane which is ideally conducting in only one direction. It is shown that the surface wave is similar, in some way, to the radiation field of the bunch moving in a wire metamaterial**. It is demonstrated that the detection of surface waves can be used to estimate the longitudinal sizes of bunches. Typical numerical results for bunches of different shapes and structures with different parameters are given.
* M.I. Kontorovich et al, Electrodynamics of Grid Structures (Moscow, 1987).
** V.V. Vorobev, A.V. Tyukhtin, Phys. Rev. Let., 108, 184801 (2012).
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME157  
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THPME158 Coherent Diffraction and Cherenkov Radiation from Short Electron Bunches in Fibers electron, experiment, polarization, target 3632
 
  • G.A. Naumenko, V.V. Bleko, A. Potylitsyn, V.V. Soboleva
    TPU, Tomsk, Russia
 
  Funding: This work is particularly supported by grant of Russian MES Program "Nauka" number 2456
The ability to use a radiation of relativistic electrons in optical fibers for beam diagnostics was proposed by X. Artu recently *. In the cited work the properties of different types of radiation, such as diffraction and Cherenkov radiation in the visible region, induced in fibers by relativistic electron were considered. In our report we present the results of experimental investigation of such a phenomenon for millimeter wavelength radiation. The origin and properties of radiation in fibers were investigated for different geometries of fiber position in respect to the electron beam. The spectral characteristics and dependence on the orientation angle of fibers relative to the electron beam were investigated. One of the useful properties of fibers is the fiber flexibility. The characteristics of radiation accepted by flexible fiber with diameter D=11 mm and length L=600 mm were investigated as a function of curvature radius of the fiber R. The experimental results show the allowable transport factor of radiation for the condition L>R>>D. We believe that fibers for mm and submm range can be used for beam diagnostics also.
* X Artru and C. Ray, Nucl. Inst. Meth. B 309 (2013)
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME158  
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THPME159 Double Diffraction Radiation Target Interferometry for Micro-train Beam Diagnostics target, electron, diagnostics, detector 3635
 
  • D.A. Shkitov, A. Potylitsyn
    TPU, Tomsk, Russia
  • A.S. Aryshev, J. Urakawa
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
 
  Funding: This work was supported by grant of Russian Ministry of Education and Science program “Nauka” number 2.1799.2011.
Recently our group starts to investigate a feasibility of double diffraction radiation (DR) target interferometry for non-invasive micro-train beam diagnostics at KEK: LUCX facility. Double DR target consists of two metal plates and one of them can be moved relative to another along the beam trajectory. Micro-train beam is a sequence of short electron bunches with sub-ps spacing. As it was shown* double DR target can be used for such a beam diagnostics measuring DR yield versus plates displacement. The obtained tuning curve (interferogram) allows to determine a number of bunches within the micro-train and spacing between them. In order to design a reliable device for this aim we have to take into account different double DR target interferometer plate’s adjustment inaccuracies. These inaccuracies can be as follows: inaccuracies in the mutual adjustment of plates tilt angles to the beam trajectory, outer plate edge shift along the beam trajectory and other. The influence of the bunch form-factor shape is also considered. We investigated double DR target preparation accuracy requirements in order to minimize measurements uncertainties and increase interferometer resolution.
* Skitov D.A. et. al., J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 517, 012024 (2014).
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME159  
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THPME162 Filling Pattern Measurements at ALBA using Time Correlated Single Photon Counting photon, synchrotron, synchrotron-radiation, detector 3644
 
  • L. Torino, U. Iriso
    CELLS-ALBA Synchrotron, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
 
  At the ALBA synchrotron light source, the filling pattern is measured using a Fast Current Transformer (FCT). Applying a data analysis the filling pattern is measured with a dynamic range in the order of 102, limited by the electronic noise in the device. A new experimental set-up for filling pattern measurements was implemented using the Time Correlated Single Photon Counting. The technique consists in the measurements of the temporal distribution of the produced synchrotron radiation using Electro-Optical devices, from where the filling pattern is inferred. Two different photomultipliers are used to perform the measurement and results are compared. A further comparison between results from the photomultipliers and the FCT is performed to verify the accuracy of the results.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME162  
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THPME165 Studies into Beam Loss Patterns at European Spallation Source simulation, linac, quadrupole, detector 3650
 
  • M. Jarosz, A. Jansson, L. Tchelidze
    ESS, Lund, Sweden
 
  Funding: This project is funded by the European Union under contract PITN-GA-2011-289485.
The linear accelerator of European Spallation Source will produce 5 MW proton beam. Beam of this power will likely generate significant losses along the beamline. To study these losses, a coherent model of the whole machine is being made using custom generator. This model is used to perform Monte Carlo simulations of the propagation of the accelerated beam and the losses in the MARS code system. Preliminary simulations utilizing the uniform beam loss distribution were done. More detailed simulations based on the various different loss patterns focused around hot spots in magnets were also performed and their results compared. This confirmed the limit of 0.5 W/m average heat load on accelerating cavities foreseen by the cooling requirements. Additional studies investigated the dose absorbed by fragile cooling system’s elements during the normal operation of the facility defining their radiation resistance to the levels of few kGy/y. Further simulations will also give the information about the expected beam loss detectors signal at possible locations. These data will be further analysed using custom algorithms.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME165  
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THPME167 Development of Non-invasive Transverse Profile Monitors for the ESS Linac linac, proton, photon, detector 3656
 
  • C. Roose, C. Böhme, I. Dolenc Kittelmann, A. Jansson, C.A. Thomas
    ESS, Lund, Sweden
  • A. Källberg
    Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
 
  The European Spallation Source (ESS) consists of a partly superconducting linac which will deliver a 2 GeV proton beam to a rotating tungsten target. In this way, the ESS will be the world's most powerful neutron source. To measure the proton beams transverse profile at high intensity, the ESS develops two types of non-invasive profile devices. The first monitor is based on luminescence of the residual gas, the second one on ionization of the same gas. The latest developments of these profile monitors will be presented.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME167  
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THPME168 Proton Beam Imaging Options for the ESS Target target, proton, optics, neutron 3659
 
  • C.A. Thomas, T.J. Grandsaert, M. Göhran, R. Linander, T.J. Shea
    ESS, Lund, Sweden
 
  Conceptual design of an imaging system for the ESS proton beam current density on target is presented. The window separating the linac HV from the 1bar He-filled target station will be used as a source for imaging by means of either OTR or luminescence. The system presents many challenges to be addressed. The window and the primary optics will be exposed to extremely high radiation doses, providing heat cycles and mechanical stresses near the engineering limits, but also may change the surface properties of the window and the optics. The window lifetime expected to be less than 1 year will have to be replace bi-annually, imposing remote handling design for the window but also for part of the optics. In addition, the imaging system should be able to form an image from low to high current beam operations, in order to retrieve beam profile distribution and power density distribution of both static and raster beam, imposing a large numerical aperture (NA), but also to transport the image at more than 15m distance where radiation level is compatible with camera and pc stable operation and human access during commissioning and neutron production.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME168  
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THPME169 Status of the New Beam Size Monitor at SLS alignment, emittance, optics, laser 3662
 
  • J. Breunlin, Å. Andersson
    MAX-lab, Lund, Sweden
  • N. Milas
    LNLS, Campinas, Brazil
  • M. Rohrer, A. Saá Hernández, V. Schlott, A. Streun
    PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
 
  The Swiss Light Source (SLS) campaign on vertical emittance minimization and measurement required a beam size monitor with the ability to verify a sub-pmrad vertical emittance. This corresponds to a beam height of less than 4 μm. Within the TIARA Work Package ‘SLS Vertical Emittance Tuning’ a new beam size monitor was designed and built. The monitor is based on the imaging of the pi-polarized synchrotron radiation (SR) in the visible and UV spectral ranges. Besides imaging the monitor provides interferometric methods using vertically or horizontally polarized SR. With these complementary methods the consistency of beam size measurements is verified. An intermediate configuration of the monitor beamline using a lens as the focusing element has been commissioned in 2013. With this setup a vertical beam size of 4.8±0.5 μm, corresponding to a vertical emittance of 1.7±0.4 pmrad has been measured. During 2014 the monitor was commissioned in its final configuration with a toroidal mirror. The use of reflective optics allows wider bandwidth imaging and thus higher intensity. We report on challenges during commissioning and present first images of SR taken with the toroidal mirror.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME169  
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THPME172 Experimental Results from the Characterization of Diamond Particle Detectors with a High Intensity Electron Beam detector, electron, experiment, impedance 3671
 
  • F. Burkart, R. Schmidt, O. Stein, D. Wollmann
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • E. Griesmayer
    CIVIDEC Instrumentation, Wien, Austria
 
  Understanding the sources of ultra-fast failures, with durations of less than 3 LHC turns, is important for a safe operation of the LHC, as only passive protection is possible in these time scales. Diamond particle detectors with bunch-by-bunch resolution and high dynamic range have been successfully used to improve the understanding of some new ultra-fast loss mechanisms discovered in the LHC. To fully exploit their potential, diamond detectors were characterized with a high-intensity electron beam (105 to 1010 electrons per shot). For the first time their efficiency and linearity has been measured in such a wide range of intensities. In this paper the experimental setup will be described and the signals of the different detectors will be discussed. Finally, future applications of these detectors in high-radiation applications will be discussed.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME172  
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THPME177 A Novel Approach to Synchrotron Radiation Simulation simulation, injection, detector, synchrotron 3687
 
  • G. Trad, E. Bravin, A. Goldblatt, S. Mazzoni, F. Roncarolo
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • G. Trad
    LPSC, Grenoble Cedex, France
 
  At the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, synchrotron radiation (SR) is used to continuously monitor the transverse properties of the beams. Unfortunately the machine and beam parameters are such that the useful radiation emitted inside a separation dipole, chosen as source, is diffraction limited affecting heavily the accuracy of the measurement. In order to deconvolve the diffraction effects from the acquired beam images and in order to design an alternative monitor based on a double slit interferometer an extensive study of the synchrotron light source and of the optical propagation has been made. This study is based on simulations combining together several existing tools: SRW for the source, ZEMAX for the transport and MATLAB for the "glue" and analysis of the results. The resulting tool is very powerful and can be easily adapted to other synchrotron radiation problems. In this paper the simulation package and the way it is used will be described as well as the results obtained for the LHC and SPS cases.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME177  
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THPME178 Status of the CLIC/CTF Beam Instrumentation R&D diagnostics, beam-diagnostic, target, controls 3690
 
  • M. Wendt, A. Benot-Morell, B.P. Bielawski, L.M. Bobb, E. Bravin, T. Lefèvre, F. Locci, S. Magnoni, S. Mazzoni, R. Pan, J.R. Towler, E.N. del Busto
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • T. Aumeyr, S.T. Boogert, P. Karataev
    Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, United Kingdom
  • W.A. Gillespie, D.A. Walsh
    University of Dundee, Nethergate, Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom
  • S.P. Jamison
    STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  • A. Lyapin, J. Snuverink
    JAI, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom
  • J.M. Nappa, S. Vilalte
    IN2P3-LAPP, Annecy-le-Vieux, France
 
  The Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) is an e+/e collider based on the two-beam acceleration principle, proposed to support precision high-energy physics experiments in the energy range 0.5-3 TeV. To achieve a high luminosity of up to 6e34cm-2s−1, the transport and preservation of a low emittance beam is mandatory. A large number and great variety of beam diagnostics instruments is foreseen to verify and guarantee the required beam quality. We present the status of the beam diagnostics developments and experimental results accomplished at the CLIC Test Facility (CTF), including new ideas for simplification and cost reduction of the CLIC beam instrumentation.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME178  
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THPME183 Longitudinal Beam Profile Measurements of the Microbunching Instability detector, experiment, lattice, synchrotron 3706
 
  • W. Shields, A. Finn, P. Karataev
    JAI, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom
  • R. Bartolini, I.P.S. Martin, G. Rehm
    DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
 
  The microbunching instability is a phenomenon characterized by the onset of radiation bursts above a threshold bunch current. These bursts consist of coherent emissions with wavelengths comparable to the bunch length and shorter. The instability has recently been observed at Diamond Light Source, a 3rd generation synchrotron. The operating conditions for triggering the instability at Diamond Light Source are well known, however measuring the spectral content of the resulting emissions is a more challenging investigation. A Michelson interferometer has been installed with the aim of recording the coherent spectrum from the bunches, using ultra-fast response Schottky Barrier Diode detectors. The longitudinal profile of the bunches can be estimated with subsequent analysis.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME183  
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THPME184 Improvement of Beam Imaging Systems through Optics Propagation Simulations simulation, optics, photon, FEL 3709
 
  • B. Bolzon, T. Lefèvre, S. Mazzoni
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • A.S. Aryshev
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  • B. Bolzon, C.P. Welsch
    The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
  • B. Bolzon, C.P. Welsch
    Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  • P. Karataev, K.O. Kruchinin
    Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, United Kingdom
  • P. Karataev, K.O. Kruchinin
    JAI, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom
 
  Optical Transition Radiation (OTR) is emitted when a charged particle crosses the interface between two media with different dielectric properties. It has become a wide-spread method for beam profile measurements. However, there are no tools to simulate the propagation of the OTR electric field through an optical system. Simulations using ZEMAX have been performed in order to quantify optical errors, such as aberrations, diffraction, depth of field and misalignment. This paper focuses on simulations of vertically polarized OTR photons with the aim of understanding what limits the resolution of realistic beam imaging systems.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME184  
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THPME189 Simulation Studies of Diffraction Radiation electron, target, simulation, damping 3722
 
  • T. Aumeyr, R. Ainsworth, P. Karataev
    Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, United Kingdom
  • M.G. Billing
    Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
  • L.M. Bobb, B. Bolzon, T. Lefèvre, S. Mazzoni
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
 
  Transition Radiation (TR) and Diffraction Radiation (DR) are produced when a relativistic charged particle moves through a medium or in the vicinity of a medium respectively. The target atoms are polarised by the electric field of the charged particle, which then oscillate thus emitting radiation with a very broad spectrum. The spatial-spectral properties of TR/DR are sensitive to various electron beam parameters. Several projects aim to measure the transverse (vertical) beam size using TR or DR. This paper reports on recent studies using Zemax, presenting studies on finite beam sizes and the orientation of the beam ellipse.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME189  
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THPRI004 FCC-ee/CepC Beam-beam Simulations with Beamstrahlung simulation, luminosity, photon, collider 3766
 
  • K. Ohmi
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  • F. Zimmermann
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
 
  Beamstrahlung, namely synchrotron radiation emitted during the beam-beam collision, can be an important effect for circular high-energy lepton colliders such as FCC-ee (TLEP). In this paper we study beam-beam effects in the presence of energy spreading and bunch lengthening due to beamstrahlung.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI004  
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THPRI011 Beam-machine Interaction at TLEP: First Evaluation and Mitigation of the Synchrotron Radiation Impact dipole, synchrotron, synchrotron-radiation, collider 3785
 
  • L. Lari, F. Cerutti, A. Ferrari, A. Mereghetti
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • L. Lari
    IFIC, Valencia, Spain
  • A. Mereghetti
    UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
 
  In the framework of post-LHC accelerator studies, TLEP is a proposed high-luminosity circular e+e collider, aimed at measuring the properties of the Higgs-boson H(126) with unprecedented accuracy, as well as those of the W boson, the Z boson and the top quark. In order to calculate the impact of synchrotron radiation, the latter has been implemented in the FLUKA code as new source term. A first account of escaping power as a function of the vacuum chamber shielding thickness, photoneutron production, and activation has been obtained for the 80km circumference 175 GeV (beam energy) TLEP option. Starting from a preliminary layout of the FODO cell and a possible dipole design, energy deposition simulations have been carried out, investigating the effectiveness of absorbers in the interconnections. The results provide inputs to improve the cell design and to support mechanical integration studies.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI011  
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THPRI048 Design of an Accelerating Tube for a Standing-wave Accelerator based on Genetic Algorithm’s Optimal Calculation impedance, electron, coupling, simulation 3875
 
  • Z.X. Tang
    USTC, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
  • Y.J. Pei
    USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
 
  A compact medical standing-wave (SW) electron accelerating tube has been designed that operating frequency is 2998MHz, operating mode is π/2, final energy is 6MeV and beam current is 100mA based on genetic algorithm (GA)’s optimal calculation. It employed a bi-periodic structure with nose cone shape. We performed the simulation experiment which proved that GA was feasible and gave a set of geometric parameter with higher shunt impedance. We performed tuning of the whole tube by CST MICROWAVE STUDIO and SUPERFISH and calculation of beam dynamics by ASTRA and Parmela in this paper. The total length of the tube is less than 300mm.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI048  
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THPRI084 Testing Results of the Prototype Beam Absorber for the PXIE MEBT focusing, simulation, electron, experiment 3967
 
  • C.M. Baffes, A.V. Shemyakin
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
 
  Funding: Fermilab is operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC, under Contract DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy
One of the goals of the PXIE program at Fermilab is to demonstrate the capability to form an arbitrary bunch pattern from an initially CW 162.5 MHz H bunch train coming out of an RFQ. The bunch-by-bunch selection will take place in the 2.1 MeV Medium Energy Beam Transport (MEBT) by directing the undesired bunches onto an absorber that needs to withstand a beam power of up to 21 kW, focused onto a spot with a ~2 mm rms radius. A prototype of the absorber was manufactured from molybdenum alloy TZM, and tested with an electron beam up to the peak surface power density required for PXIE, 17W/mm2. Temperatures and flow parameters were measured and compared to analysis. This paper describes the absorber prototype and key testing results.
 
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THPRI085 Target Station Design for the Mu2e Experiment target, solenoid, proton, remote-handling 3970
 
  • V.S. Pronskikh, G. Ambrosio, M.R. Campbell, R.N. Coleman, G. Ginther, V.V. Kashikhin, K.J. Krempetz, M.J. Lamm, A. Lee, A.F. Leveling, N.V. Mokhov, V.P. Nagaslaev, A.M. Stefanik, S.I. Striganov, S.J. Werkema
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  • L.M. Bartoszek
    Bartoszek Engineering, Aurora, Illinois, USA
  • C.J. Densham, P. Loveridge
    STFC/RAL, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
  • K.R. Lynch, J.L. Popp
    CUNY, Bayside, New York, USA
 
  Funding: Work supported by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC, under contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
The Mu2e experiment at Fermilab is devoted to search for the conversion of a negative muon into an electron in the field of a nucleus without emission of neutrinos. One of the main parts of the Mu2e experimental setup is its Target Station in which negative pions are generated in interactions of the 8-GeV primary proton beam with a tungsten target. A large-aperture 5-T superconducting production solenoid (PS) enhances pion collection, and an S-shaped transport solenoid (TS) delivers muons and pions to the Mu2e detector. The heat and radiation shield (HRS) protects the PS and the first TS coils. A beam dump absorbs the spent beam. In order for the PS superconducting magnet to operate reliably the sophisticated HRS was designed and optimized for performance and cost. The beam dump was designed to absorb the spent beam and maintaining its temperature and air activation in the hall at the allowable level. Comprehensive MARS15 simulations have been carried out to optimize all the parts while maximizing muon yield. Results of simulations of critical radiation quantities and their implications on the overall Target Station design and integration will be reported.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI085  
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THPRI086 Beam Dumps of the New LCLS-II shielding, electron, neutron, operation 3973
 
  • M. Santana-Leitner, A. Ibrahimov, L.Y. Nicolas, S.H. Rokni, D.R. Walz, J.J. Welch
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
 
  Funding: Work supported by U.S. Department of Energy contract DE-AC02-76SF00515.
In 2013 the design of the new LCLS-II new hard X-FEL facility at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory was rescoped to operate two parallel variable gap undulator lines at repetition rates up to 1MHz and above. A new superconducting RF structure will be installed in the first third of the SLAC two-mile Linac to provide a few hundred kWof beam power at energies of up to 4 GeV. This paper describes the radiological aspects of the dumps that are being designed for the end of the electron beam lines. A layered arrangement of shielding materials is being optimized to reduce instantaneous dose leakage to occupied areas, minimum cool-down time to access the tunnel, and impact to equipment and to the environment. Calculations deal with numerous constraints, as legacy beam components will be used, and the existing tunnel structure was designed for beam powers fifty times below those envisaged for LCLS-II.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI086  
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THPRI096 Use of Silicon Carbide as Beam Intercepting Device Material: Tests, Issues and Numerical Simulations vacuum, interface, injection, booster 3998
 
  • C. Maglioni, M. Delonca, M. Gil Costa, A. Vacca
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
 
  Silicon Carbide (SiC) stands as one of the most promising ceramic material with respect to its thermal shock resistance and mechanical strengths. It has hence been considered as candidate material for the development of higher performance beam intercepting devices at CERN. Its brazing with a metal counterpart has been tested and characterized by means of microstructural and ultrasound techniques. Despite the very positive results, its use has to be evaluated with care, due to the strong evidence in literature of large and permanent volumetric expansion, called swelling, under the effect of neutron and ion irradiation. This may cause premature and sudden failure of components, and can be mitigated to some extent by operating at high temperature. For this reason limited information is available for irradiation below 100°C, which is the typical temperature reached in intercepting devices like dumps or collimators. This paper describes the brazing campaign carried out at CERN, the results, and the theoretical and numerical approach used to characterize the extent of the swelling phenomenon with radiation, as well as the p+ irradiation test program to be conducted in the next future.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI096  
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THPRI098 Brazing and Helium Leaking Test for High Heat Load Components in the Taiwan Photon Source vacuum, photon, synchrotron, synchrotron-radiation 4004
 
  • P.A. Lin, C.K. Kuan, T.Y. Lee, H.Y. Lin, I.C. Sheng
    NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
 
  Taiwan Photon Source is the second accelerator constructed by National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC). With 3GeV, 500mA, this facility will generate extremely high synchrotron radiation and most of the power load will be shadowed at front end in order to shape final confining beam size for beam lines users. The high heat load components are known to be the critical parts to absorb the unwanted energy. In order to practically distribute high density power along each high heat load components, several absorbers are introduced. Namely, primary mask, main mask, photon absorber and slits. The manufacturing process such as UHV chemical cleaning, brazing and helium leaking test will be described in this report.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI098  
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THPRI099 Constructing and Installation of TPS Front End synchrotron, photon, controls, synchrotron-radiation 4007
 
  • Y.T. Cheng, Y.T. Cheng, J. -Y. Chuang, C.K. Kuan, T.Y. Lee, H.Y. Lin, P.A. Lin, Y.K. Liu
    NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
 
  National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC) in Taiwan is completing the construction of Taiwan Photon Source (TPS) synchrotron accelerator project. This 3GeV, 500mA beam current 3rd generation synchrotron accelerator will have total of 7 insertion device beam lines at day one. Corresponding front ends have been design and fabricated. Installation and craning is underway. Current status of frond end are reported and presented in this paper.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI099  
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THPRI108 Manufacturing and Inspecting Supporting Tables for Front End in Taiwan Photon Source synchrotron, synchrotron-radiation, alignment, simulation 4031
 
  • P.A. Lin, K.H. Hsu, C.K. Kuan, C.-S. Lin, H.Y. Lin, I.C. Sheng
    NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
 
  Taiwan Photon Source is the second accelerator constructed by National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center with energy 3 GeV and 500 mA beam current. In order to install and support front end components those table are designed and constructed. The results of manufacturing and inspecting tables are one of the primary factors that will directly affect the final confining aperture to the end usres. Those supporting table has six types and are all designed and simulated by Solidworks. Different alignment and measurement tools are utilized to inspect these tables. In addition, some results of final post-installation measurement and vibration test are also reported.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI108  
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