IPAC2014 - List of Keywords (electronics)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOPRO080	Fast Beam Orbit Monitoring System during Beam Abort at SPring-8 Storage Ring	operation, closed-orbit, storage-ring, betatron	274
	T. Fujita, T. Masuda, S. Sasaki JASRI/SPring-8, Hyogo-ken, Japan H. Sumitomo SES, Hyogo-pref., Japan
	SPring-8 is a 3rd generation light source which has been operated stably. During user operation, an interlock system which turns off the RF acceleration signal if the beam orbit at insertion devices exceed a window is in operation. Beam abort events due to the interlock system have occurred as a rare event at SPring-8. Though in most cases we find trouble in accelerator devices as the source of the beam orbit shift, sometimes we cannot find any evidence after the beam abort. In order to identify the sources of such aborts, we have developed a system which observe beam orbit along the storage ring during beam abort. The system was realized by modification of the digital part of the existing COD measurement system. Every 1 ms, the system measures beam position at all BPMs with the position resolution of 1 micron or less. This system enabled us to identify the source when a beam abort due to an orbit shift with a time constant of longer than a few milliseconds. Furthermore, this system is applicable to survey sources of beam orbit fluctuations during stable operation. In this proceeding, we describe the system, beam orbit data during beam abort and source analysis.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPRO080
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MOPME054	Upgrade of the Elettra Magnet Power Supply Controllers	controls, interface, power-supply, operation	495
	S. Cleva, M. Cautero, T.M. Cieśla, M. Lonza, L. Pivetta, C. Scafuri, R. Visintini Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy
	Ageing of devices and components phasing-out, as well as the increasing maintenance costs, affect particle accelerators similarly to any industrial plant. A careful maintenance plan can cope with these problems in the medium-term, but then a complete update of the oldest parts is required. The most recent technologies available on the market together with a modular and open design approach are the basis of an upgrade program aimed at replacing the existing controllers of the Elettra storage ring magnet power supplies. The design considerations, the constraints and the first results are reported.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPME054
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MOPME061	Design of a Three Legs and Phase Shift AC to DC Converter for Taiwan Photon Light Source	controls, feedback, operation, power-supply	511
	Y.S. Wong, K.-B. Liu NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan J.F. Chen, W.C. Hsu, W.C. Hung, P.H. Tseng NCKU, Tainan city, Taiwan
	A novel low voltage high current AC/DC converter will be achieved which input is utility power supplies a low voltage DC output to load. The new three legs phase shift AC / DC power supply, can divided to five parts : diode full bridge rectifier, three legs phase shift control circuits, transformers, double inductor circuit and feedback circuit. Circuit operates as a single-phase 110 Vrms AC mains power input three legs phase shift control mode from the diode bridge rectifier circuit, the output voltage through the transformer and the phase shift control method converts to low voltage DC 12V output and supplies to loading, feedback circuit are using a feedback resistor across the filter capacitor voltage to product a feedback signal. Digital signal processing (DSP) control board by a feedback voltage determines the three legs phase shift displacement in order to control the output voltage keep a constant value 12V. For this circuit have a zero voltage switching characteristics of the three legs phase shift mode power supply, the input voltage for single phase 110Vac and output load power is 12V/20A.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPME061
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TUPRO007	LS1 “First Long Shutdown of LHC and its Injector Chains”	operation, radiation, cryogenics, shielding	1010
	K. Foraz, S. Baird, M.B.M. Barberan Marin, M. Bernardini, J. Coupard, N. Gilbert, D. Hay, S. Mataguez, D.J. Mcfarlane CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The LHC and its injectors were stopped in February 2013, in order to maintain, consolidate and upgrade the different equipment of the accelerator chain, with the goal of achieving LHC operation at the design energy of 14 TeV in the centre-of-mass. Prior to the start of this Long Shutdown (LS1), a major effort of preparation was performed in order to optimize the schedule and the use of resources across the different machines, with the aim of resuming LHC physics in early 2015. The rest of the CERN complex will restart beam operation in the second half of 2014. This paper presents the schedule of LS1, describes the organizational set-up for the coordination of the works, the main activities, the different main milestones, which have been achieved so far, and the decisions taken in order to mitigate the issues encountered.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRO007
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TUPRO012	Optimisation and Implementation of the R2E Shielding and Relocation Mitigation Measures at the LHC during the LS1	cryogenics, radiation, civil-engineering, controls	1027
	A.-L. Perrot, O. Andujar, M.B.M. Barberan Marin, M. Brugger, J.-P. Corso, K. Foraz, M. Jeckel, M. Lazzaroni, B. Lefort, B. Mikulec, Y. Muttoni CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	In the framework of the Radiation to Electronics (R2E) project, important mitigation actions are being implemented in the LHC during the first Long Shutdown (LS1) to reduce the Single Event Error (SEE) occurrence in standard electronics present in much of the equipment installed in LHC underground areas. Recent simulations have motivated additional actions to be performed in Point 4, in addition to those already scheduled in Points 1, 5, 7 and 8. This paper presents the organisation process carried out during LS1 to optimise the implementation of the R2E mitigation activities. It reports the challenges linked to civil engineering and to safe room relocation in Points 5 and 7. It highlights the reactivity needed to face the new mitigation requirements to be implemented in Point 4 before the end of LS1. It presents the advancement status of the R2E mitigation activities in the different LHC points with the main concerns and impact with the overall LHC LS1 planning.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRO012
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TUPRO015	Update on Predictions for Yearly Integrated Luminosity for HL-LHC based on Expected Machine Availability	luminosity, operation, radiation, cryogenics	1036
	A. Apollonio, M. Jonker, R. Schmidt, B. Todd, D. Wollmann, M. Zerlauth CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Machine availability is one of the key performance indicators to reach the ambitious goals for integrated luminosity in the post Long Shutdown 1 (LS1) era. Machine availability is even more important for the future High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) [1]. In this paper a Monte Carlo approach has been used to predict integrated luminosity as a function of LHC machine availability. The baseline model assumptions such as fault-time distributions and machine failure rate (number of fills with stable beams dumped after a failure / total number of fills with stable beams) were deduced from the observations during LHC operation in 2012. The predictions focus on operation after LS1 and its evolution towards HL-LHC. The extrapolation of relevant parameters impacting on machine availability is outlined and their corresponding impact on fault time distributions is discussed. Results for possible future operational scenarios are presented. Finally, a sensitivity analysis with relevant model parameters like fault time and machine failure rate is discussed.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRO015
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WEPRI115	Design and Integration of the Optical Reference Module at 1.3 GHz for FLASH and the European XFEL	laser, detector, controls, LLRF	2768
	E. Janas, K. Czuba, P. Kownacki, D. Sikora Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Electronic Systems, Warsaw, Poland M.K. Czwalinna, M. Felber, T. Lamb, H. Schlarb, S. Schulz, C. Sydlo, M. Titberidze, F. Zummack DESY, Hamburg, Germany J. Szewiński NCBJ, Świerk/Otwock, Poland
	In this paper we present recent progress on the integration and implementation of the optical reference module (REFM-OPT) for the free-electron lasers FLASH and European XFEL. In order to achieve high energy stability and low arrival time jitter of the electron beam, the accelerator requires an accurate low-level RF (LLRF) field regulation and a sophisticated synchronization scheme for various devices along the facility. The REFM-OPT is a 19” module which is responsible for resynchronizing the 1.3 GHz reference signal for the LLRF distributed by coaxial cables to a phase-stable signal of the optical synchronization system. The module provides a 1.3 GHz output signal with low phase noise and high long-term stability. Several sub-components of the REFM-OPT designed specifically for this module are described in detail. The readout electronics of the high-precision Laser-to-RF phase detector are presented as well as the integration of this key component into the 19” module. Additionally, we focus on design solutions which assure phase stability and synchronization of the 1.3 GHz signal at several high power outputs of the module.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRI115
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THXA01	BPMs From Design to Real Measurement	simulation, cavity, operation, vacuum	2774
	D. Lipka, S. Vilcins DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	Beam Position Monitors (BPM) are an essential tool for the operation of an accelerator. Therefore BPM systems have to be already included from the beginning in the design of a new machine. This contribution describes the development of a new BPM system up to the operation with a focus on the mechanical design. It includes the collection of the requirements and boundary conditions which defines the kind of BPM system. Following the mechanical designing process is described where simulations are used to predict the signals. These results are input parameters for the design and optimization of the electronics. Several contributions are considered which can modify the BPM signal like feedhroughs, heating due to wake losses, holders, cables and so on. The steps from the design, the prototypes and series production including laboratory and test accelerator measurements up to the commissioning are described as well.
	Slides THXA01 [4.844 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THXA01
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THPRO102	Generation of RF Frequency and Phase References on the FAIR Site	controls, hardware, cavity, acceleration	3131
	B. Zipfel, H. Klingbeil, U. Laier, K.-P. Ningel, S. Schäfer, C. Thielmann GSI, Darmstadt, Germany U. Hartel, H. Klingbeil TEMF, TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany D.E.M. Lens TU Darmstadt, RTR, Darmstadt, Germany
	Based on the Bunch Phase Timing System (BuTiS)* local analog radio frequency reference signals (RF references) like the particle revolution frequency and their multiple harmonics will be generated. These references are used to control the phase of the accelerator cavities to altering harmonics of the bunch revolution frequency. Delay or phase shifts from the FAIR-Center to references at the BuTiS endpoints are already compensated by the BuTiS receivers. Phase shifts from the RF reference generators to LLRF electronics can be compensated by controlling the output phases of the DDS modules of the RF references. However phase shift delays of multiple harmonics at the same interconnecting electrical path are not identical at the same time. Configurable electronics** manage phase calibration of the RF references to their endpoints. Calibration may depend on frequency and harmonic of the RF reference, aging as well as on thermal effects. The electrical length and impedance of interconnecting cables for phase control loops can be compensated. This is an important feature, in particular if control loops are switched between different harmonic frequencies. B. Zipfel, P. Moritz: Proc. IPAC 2011, San Sebastian *S. Schäfer, et al.: Proc. IPAC 2013, Shanghai
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THPME083	BPM Data Correction at SOLEIL	vacuum, synchrotron, storage-ring, experiment	3430
	N. Hubert, B. Béranger, L.S. Nadolski SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
	In a synchrotron light source like SOLEIL, Beam Position Monitors (BPM) are optimized to have the highest sensitivity for an electron beam passing nearby their mechanical center. Nevertheless, this optimization is done to the detriment of the response linearity when the beam is off-centered for dedicated machine physic studies. To correct for the geometric non-linearity of the BPM, we have applied an algorithm using boundary element method. Moreover the BPM electronics is able to provide position data at a turn-by-turn rate. Unfortunately the filtering process in this electronics mixes the information from one turn to the neighboring turns. An additional demixing algorithm has been set-up to correct for this artefact. The paper reports on performance and limitations of those two algorithms that are used at SOLEIL to correct the BPM data.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME083
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THPME096	Goubau Line Beam Instrumentation Testing, The Benefits	instrumentation, resonance, electromagnetic-fields, impedance	3462
	F. Stulle, J.F. Bergoz BERGOZ Instrumentation, Saint Genis Pouilly, France J. Musson JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
	At JLab and Bergoz Instrumentation Goubau lines are used for beam instrumentation testing. A Goubau line differs fundamentally from standard bench testing techniques in the way it produces the electromagnetic fields which interact with the DUT. This allows to acquire complementary information about DUT characteristics. Consequently, we improve our knowledge about the DUT. At JLab BPM responses have been successfully mapped and at Bergoz Instrumentation high frequency behavior of current transformers is under study. We present results, highlight benefits and outline ideas for future studies of additional accelerator components.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME096
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THPME117	First Tests with the Self-triggered Mode of the New MicroTCA-based Low-charge Electronics for Button and Stripline BPMs at FLASH	timing, operation, status, interface	3509
	F. Schmidt-Föhre, N. Baboi, G. Kuehn, B. Lorbeer, D. Nölle, K. Wittenburg DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	The FLASH facility at DESY is currently enhanced by a second beamline (FLASH2) to extend the capacity for user experiments. In addition, certain support systems like the timing system and the BPM system at the existing FLASH accelerator have been partly renewed and are now under commissioning. New button BPM electronics based on the MTCA.4 for physics standard is provided for the FLASH2 beamline and is foreseen as a replacement of the old BPM electronics at FLASH. Compared to the predecessor of the FLASH button BPM electronics, the new system has been specifically designed for low charge operation exceeding a wide dynamical charge range between 100pC and 3nC. Special provisions have been made to enable single bunch measurements in a self-triggered mode, enabling timing-system-independent measurements during commissioning and at fallback during normal operation.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME117
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THPME122	A SQUID-based Beam Current Monitor for FAIR	pick-up, cryogenics, niobium, ion	3524
	R. Geithner, T. Stöhlker, W. Vodel HIJ, Jena, Germany R. Geithner, R. Neubert, P. Seidel FSU Jena, Jena, Germany F. Kurian, H. Reeg, M. Schwickert GSI, Darmstadt, Germany T. Stöhlker IOQ, Jena, Germany
	A Cryogenic Current Comparator (CCC) was developed for the upcoming FAIR-Project, providing a non-destructive online monitoring of the beam current in the nA-range. The CCC was optimized for a lowest possible noise-limited current resolution together with a high system bandwidth. Therefore, the low temperature properties of ferromagnetic core materials used in the pick-up coil were investigated and different SQUID-systems were tested. In this contribution we present results of the completed Cryogenic Current Comparator for FAIR working in a laboratory environment, regarding the improvements in resolution and bandwidth due to the use of suitable ferromagnetic core materials and optimized SQUID-system components.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME122
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THPME144	Stripline Beam Position Monitor for THz Source Based FEL	brilliance, impedance, linac, controls	3590
	J. Xu, L. Li, J. Liu, P. Lu, Y.J. Pei, B.G. Sun, K. Tang, J.G. Wang, F.F. Wu, H. Xu, Y.L. Yang, Z.R. Zhou, J.Y. Zou USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
	A 14MeV Linac with both the micro-pulse repetition rate 2856MHz and the macro-pulse width 6us for the THz Source Based FEL was proposed. In order to measure the beam position, a stripline beam position monitor (BPM) was designed, and a commercial BPM electronics Libera Brilliance Single Pass was adopted. As the input carrier frequency of the BPM electrode signal is 2856MHz, but the operating frequency of the Libera Brilliance Single Pass is 500MHz, so a front-end electronics was needed before the electrode signals feed into Libera Brilliance Single Pass. The front-end electronics was designed to make the BPM electrode signals of 2856MHz convert to 500MHz.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME144
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THPME147	The High Position Resolution Cavity BPM Developments and Measurement for ILC Final Focus System	cavity, resonance, alignment, operation	3599
	S.W. Jang, J.G. Hwang, E.-S. Kim, L. Lee KNU, Deagu, Republic of Korea P. Bambade, O.R. Blanco-García, F. Bogard, S. Wallon LAL, Orsay, France Y. Honda, T. Okugi, T. Tauchi, N. Terunuma KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
	An ultra high position resolution cavity BPM was developed for the final focus system of ATF2, which is a accelerator test facility for ILC final focus system. The main purpose of ATF2 are achievement of 37 nm beam size and nano-meter beam orbit stability at IP(Interaction Point). For these purposes, a few nano meter beam position resolution was required for this cavity BPM, which is called the IP-BPM. The IP-BPM was fabricated 2 blocks of IP-BPM, the first block consists of two cavities in one block and second block consists of single cavity. IP-BPM can measure beam position in vertical and horizontal independently by using rectangular shape single cavity. Three IP-BPMs were installed at ATF IP region inside IP-chamber, and its position resolution was measured. We will present the detailed results on the beam tests.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME147
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THPME157	Radiation of a Charged Particle Bunch Moving in the Presence of Planar Wire Structure	radiation, diagnostics, operation, vacuum	3629
	V.V. Vorobev, S.N. Galyamin, A.V. Tyukhtin Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
	Funding: Work was supported by "Dynasty" Foundation, the Grant of the President of Russian Federation (No. 273.2013.2) and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Grant No. 12-02-31258). The structure under consideration represents a set of long thin parallel wires which are placed in a plane with fixed spacing. The wires can exhibit a limited conductivity. If the period of the structure is much less than the typical wavelength, the structure’s influence can be described with help of the averaged boundary conditions. The main attention is given to the case when the bunch flies through the grid in the orthogonal direction. Radiation of charged particle bunch which have small transversal size and limited longitudinal one is studied. Analytical expressions for volume and surface waves are given for the bunches with arbitrary longitudinal profile. A separate analysis is performed for the particular case of the plane which is ideally conducting in only one direction. It is shown that the surface wave is similar, in some way, to the radiation field of the bunch moving in a wire metamaterial. It is demonstrated that the detection of surface waves can be used to estimate the longitudinal sizes of bunches. Typical numerical results for bunches of different shapes and structures with different parameters are given. M.I. Kontorovich et al, Electrodynamics of Grid Structures (Moscow, 1987). ** V.V. Vorobev, A.V. Tyukhtin, Phys. Rev. Let., 108, 184801 (2012).
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THPME160	Design, Implementation and Preliminary Test Results of the ESS Beam Current Monitor System	FPGA, interface, timing, linac	3638
	H. Hassanzadegan, A. Jansson, C.A. Thomas ESS, Lund, Sweden J.L. Crisp FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA U. Legat, K. Strniša Cosylab, Ljubljana, Slovenia M. Werner DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	The Beam Current Monitor system of the ESS linac will be mainly based on AC Current Transformers. The BCM system will be used to monitor the beam current and charge in absolute and differential modes. The differential current measurement is also intended for detecting large and sudden beam losses and acting on the Machine Interlock System (MIS), especially in areas where Beam Loss Monitors cannot be reliably used. A demo BCM based on a Bergoz ACCT and MTCA.4 electronics has been procured and integrated into EPICS. A VHDL code has been developed and successfully tested for the required FPGA signal processing including droop compensation, filtering, DC level correction and interfacing to the MIS. This paper gives an overview of the current status of the BCM system design and implementation as well as some preliminary test results in absolute and differential modes.
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THPME166	System Overview and Current Status of the ESS Beam Position Monitors	linac, simulation, detector, quadrupole	3653
	H. Hassanzadegan, A. Jansson, C.A. Thomas ESS, Lund, Sweden D. Lipka, M. Werner DESY, Hamburg, Germany A. Young SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
	It is planned to install more than 140 button BPMs along the ESS linac. The BPMs will be used to measure the beam position and phase in all foreseen beam modes and to provide input to the Machine Interlock System. The phase measurement is mainly intended for cavity tuning and Time-Of-Flight energy measurements. A customized BPM detector based on the European XFEL button style has been designed for the cold linac through a collaboration with DESY. Large buttons with diameters up to 40 mm are foreseen to provide enough S/N ratio not only with the nominal beam, but also with a low-current or a de-bunched beam. A demo MTCA.4 system has been procured and successfully integrated into EPICS. Also, a customized Rear Transition Module for down-mixing the BPM signals will be developed with SLAC. Electronics tests with a BPM test bench are currently going on at ESS. BPM installation in the linac is foreseen for 2017 and afterwards.
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THPME185	Design and First Operation of a Silicon-based Non–invasive Beam Monitor	detector, proton, experiment, operation	3712
	T. Cybulski, L.J. Devlin, C.P. Welsch Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom T. Cybulski, L.J. Devlin, K.P. Hennessy, C.P. Welsch The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom T.J. Jones STFC/DL, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom A. Kacperek, B. Marsland, I. Taylor, A. Wray The Douglas Cyclotron, The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Wirral, United Kingdom
	Funding: Work supported by the EU under contract PITN-GA-2008-215080 and the STFC Cockcroft Institute Core Grant No. ST/G008248/1. Non–invasive, highly accurate and reliable beam monitors are a desired aim of any beam diagnostics design. Knowledge of beam parameters is essential in fundamental research, industry or medical applications with varying demands. It is critical for the optimization of ion beams used for cancer treatment. Ocular tumor treatment at the Clatterbridge Cancer Center (CCC) uses a 60 MeV proton beam. Disturbances introduced to a beam by intercepting devices risk affecting its energy and energy spread, thereby limiting its effectiveness for treatment. The advantageous semi-circular structure of the LHCb Vertex Locator (VELO) detector has been investigated in the QUASAR Group. It is an interesting option for a non-invasive online beam monitor relying on beam ‘halo’ measurements without disturbing the part of the beam used for treatment. This contribution discusses the measurement method, setup design and integration within the CCC treatment beam line.
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THPME186	Development of a BPM System using a Commercial FPGA Card and Digitizer Adaptor Module for FETS	FPGA, LabView, pick-up, alignment	3716
	G.E. Boorman, S.M. Gibson Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, United Kingdom R.T.P. D'Arcy, S. Jolly UCL, London, United Kingdom S.R. Lawrie, A.P. Letchford STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
	A series of beam position monitors (BPMs) will be installed at the Front End Test Stand (FETS) at RAL as part of the 3 MeV Medium Energy Beam Transport (MEBT). The BPMs analyse 2 ms long, 60 mA beam pulses delivered to the MEBT by a 324 MHz Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ). Initial linearity and resolution measurements from the prototype button BPMs are shown. The development of the algorithm for the processing of the BPM signals using a commercial PXI-based FPGA card is discussed and initial measurements of the electronics and signal processing are presented. The test-rig used to characterise each BPM and further develop the processing algorithm is described. The position and phase are measured several times throughout the duration of each pulse, and the measurements are made available via an EPICS server.
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THPRI021	Implementation of a Direct Link between the LHC Beam Interlock System and the LHC Beam Dumping System Re-triggering Lines	dumping, operation, extraction, kicker	3810
	S. Gabourin, E. Carlier, R. Denz, N. Magnin, J.A. Uythoven, D. Wollmann, M. Zerlauth CERN, Geneva, Switzerland M. Bartholdt, B. Bertsche, V. Vatansever, P. Zeiler Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
	To avoid damage of accelerator equipment due to impacting beam, the controlled removal of the LHC beams from the collider rings towards the dump blocks must be guaranteed at all times. When a beam dump is demanded, the Beam Interlock System communicates this request to the Trigger Synchronisation and Distribution System of the LHC Beam Dumping System. Both systems were built according to high reliability standards. To further reduce the risk of incapability to dump the beams in case of correlated failures in the Trigger Synchronisation and Distribution System, a new direct link from the Beam Interlock System to the re-triggering lines of the LHC Beam Dumping System will be implemented for the start-up with beam in 2015. The link represents a diverse redundancy to the current implementation, which should neither significantly increase the risk for so-called asynchronous beam dumps nor compromise machine availability. This paper describes the implementation choices of this link. Furthermore the results of a reliability analysis to quantify its impact on LHC machine availability are presented.
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Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

MOPRO080

Fast Beam Orbit Monitoring System during Beam Abort at SPring-8 Storage Ring

operation, closed-orbit, storage-ring, betatron

274

T. Fujita, T. Masuda, S. Sasaki
JASRI/SPring-8, Hyogo-ken, Japan
H. Sumitomo
SES, Hyogo-pref., Japan

SPring-8 is a 3rd generation light source which has been operated stably. During user operation, an interlock system which turns off the RF acceleration signal if the beam orbit at insertion devices exceed a window is in operation. Beam abort events due to the interlock system have occurred as a rare event at SPring-8. Though in most cases we find trouble in accelerator devices as the source of the beam orbit shift, sometimes we cannot find any evidence after the beam abort. In order to identify the sources of such aborts, we have developed a system which observe beam orbit along the storage ring during beam abort. The system was realized by modification of the digital part of the existing COD measurement system. Every 1 ms, the system measures beam position at all BPMs with the position resolution of 1 micron or less. This system enabled us to identify the source when a beam abort due to an orbit shift with a time constant of longer than a few milliseconds. Furthermore, this system is applicable to survey sources of beam orbit fluctuations during stable operation. In this proceeding, we describe the system, beam orbit data during beam abort and source analysis.

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MOPME054

Upgrade of the Elettra Magnet Power Supply Controllers

controls, interface, power-supply, operation

495

S. Cleva, M. Cautero, T.M. Cieśla, M. Lonza, L. Pivetta, C. Scafuri, R. Visintini
Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy

Ageing of devices and components phasing-out, as well as the increasing maintenance costs, affect particle accelerators similarly to any industrial plant. A careful maintenance plan can cope with these problems in the medium-term, but then a complete update of the oldest parts is required. The most recent technologies available on the market together with a modular and open design approach are the basis of an upgrade program aimed at replacing the existing controllers of the Elettra storage ring magnet power supplies. The design considerations, the constraints and the first results are reported.

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MOPME061

Design of a Three Legs and Phase Shift AC to DC Converter for Taiwan Photon Light Source

controls, feedback, operation, power-supply

511

Y.S. Wong, K.-B. Liu
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
J.F. Chen, W.C. Hsu, W.C. Hung, P.H. Tseng
NCKU, Tainan city, Taiwan

A novel low voltage high current AC/DC converter will be achieved which input is utility power supplies a low voltage DC output to load. The new three legs phase shift AC / DC power supply, can divided to five parts : diode full bridge rectifier, three legs phase shift control circuits, transformers, double inductor circuit and feedback circuit. Circuit operates as a single-phase 110 Vrms AC mains power input three legs phase shift control mode from the diode bridge rectifier circuit, the output voltage through the transformer and the phase shift control method converts to low voltage DC 12V output and supplies to loading, feedback circuit are using a feedback resistor across the filter capacitor voltage to product a feedback signal. Digital signal processing (DSP) control board by a feedback voltage determines the three legs phase shift displacement in order to control the output voltage keep a constant value 12V. For this circuit have a zero voltage switching characteristics of the three legs phase shift mode power supply, the input voltage for single phase 110Vac and output load power is 12V/20A.

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TUPRO007

LS1 “First Long Shutdown of LHC and its Injector Chains”

operation, radiation, cryogenics, shielding

1010

K. Foraz, S. Baird, M.B.M. Barberan Marin, M. Bernardini, J. Coupard, N. Gilbert, D. Hay, S. Mataguez, D.J. Mcfarlane
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The LHC and its injectors were stopped in February 2013, in order to maintain, consolidate and upgrade the different equipment of the accelerator chain, with the goal of achieving LHC operation at the design energy of 14 TeV in the centre-of-mass. Prior to the start of this Long Shutdown (LS1), a major effort of preparation was performed in order to optimize the schedule and the use of resources across the different machines, with the aim of resuming LHC physics in early 2015. The rest of the CERN complex will restart beam operation in the second half of 2014. This paper presents the schedule of LS1, describes the organizational set-up for the coordination of the works, the main activities, the different main milestones, which have been achieved so far, and the decisions taken in order to mitigate the issues encountered.

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TUPRO012

Optimisation and Implementation of the R2E Shielding and Relocation Mitigation Measures at the LHC during the LS1

cryogenics, radiation, civil-engineering, controls

1027

A.-L. Perrot, O. Andujar, M.B.M. Barberan Marin, M. Brugger, J.-P. Corso, K. Foraz, M. Jeckel, M. Lazzaroni, B. Lefort, B. Mikulec, Y. Muttoni
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

In the framework of the Radiation to Electronics (R2E) project, important mitigation actions are being implemented in the LHC during the first Long Shutdown (LS1) to reduce the Single Event Error (SEE) occurrence in standard electronics present in much of the equipment installed in LHC underground areas. Recent simulations have motivated additional actions to be performed in Point 4, in addition to those already scheduled in Points 1, 5, 7 and 8. This paper presents the organisation process carried out during LS1 to optimise the implementation of the R2E mitigation activities. It reports the challenges linked to civil engineering and to safe room relocation in Points 5 and 7. It highlights the reactivity needed to face the new mitigation requirements to be implemented in Point 4 before the end of LS1. It presents the advancement status of the R2E mitigation activities in the different LHC points with the main concerns and impact with the overall LHC LS1 planning.

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TUPRO015

Update on Predictions for Yearly Integrated Luminosity for HL-LHC based on Expected Machine Availability

luminosity, operation, radiation, cryogenics

1036

A. Apollonio, M. Jonker, R. Schmidt, B. Todd, D. Wollmann, M. Zerlauth
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Machine availability is one of the key performance indicators to reach the ambitious goals for integrated luminosity in the post Long Shutdown 1 (LS1) era. Machine availability is even more important for the future High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) [1]. In this paper a Monte Carlo approach has been used to predict integrated luminosity as a function of LHC machine availability. The baseline model assumptions such as fault-time distributions and machine failure rate (number of fills with stable beams dumped after a failure / total number of fills with stable beams) were deduced from the observations during LHC operation in 2012. The predictions focus on operation after LS1 and its evolution towards HL-LHC. The extrapolation of relevant parameters impacting on machine availability is outlined and their corresponding impact on fault time distributions is discussed. Results for possible future operational scenarios are presented. Finally, a sensitivity analysis with relevant model parameters like fault time and machine failure rate is discussed.

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WEPRI115

Design and Integration of the Optical Reference Module at 1.3 GHz for FLASH and the European XFEL

laser, detector, controls, LLRF

2768

E. Janas, K. Czuba, P. Kownacki, D. Sikora
Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Electronic Systems, Warsaw, Poland
M.K. Czwalinna, M. Felber, T. Lamb, H. Schlarb, S. Schulz, C. Sydlo, M. Titberidze, F. Zummack
DESY, Hamburg, Germany
J. Szewiński
NCBJ, Świerk/Otwock, Poland

In this paper we present recent progress on the integration and implementation of the optical reference module (REFM-OPT) for the free-electron lasers FLASH and European XFEL. In order to achieve high energy stability and low arrival time jitter of the electron beam, the accelerator requires an accurate low-level RF (LLRF) field regulation and a sophisticated synchronization scheme for various devices along the facility. The REFM-OPT is a 19” module which is responsible for resynchronizing the 1.3 GHz reference signal for the LLRF distributed by coaxial cables to a phase-stable signal of the optical synchronization system. The module provides a 1.3 GHz output signal with low phase noise and high long-term stability. Several sub-components of the REFM-OPT designed specifically for this module are described in detail. The readout electronics of the high-precision Laser-to-RF phase detector are presented as well as the integration of this key component into the 19” module. Additionally, we focus on design solutions which assure phase stability and synchronization of the 1.3 GHz signal at several high power outputs of the module.

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THXA01

BPMs From Design to Real Measurement

simulation, cavity, operation, vacuum

2774

D. Lipka, S. Vilcins
DESY, Hamburg, Germany

Beam Position Monitors (BPM) are an essential tool for the operation of an accelerator. Therefore BPM systems have to be already included from the beginning in the design of a new machine. This contribution describes the development of a new BPM system up to the operation with a focus on the mechanical design. It includes the collection of the requirements and boundary conditions which defines the kind of BPM system. Following the mechanical designing process is described where simulations are used to predict the signals. These results are input parameters for the design and optimization of the electronics. Several contributions are considered which can modify the BPM signal like feedhroughs, heating due to wake losses, holders, cables and so on. The steps from the design, the prototypes and series production including laboratory and test accelerator measurements up to the commissioning are described as well.

Slides THXA01 [4.844 MB]

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THPRO102

Generation of RF Frequency and Phase References on the FAIR Site

controls, hardware, cavity, acceleration

3131

B. Zipfel, H. Klingbeil, U. Laier, K.-P. Ningel, S. Schäfer, C. Thielmann
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
U. Hartel, H. Klingbeil
TEMF, TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
D.E.M. Lens
TU Darmstadt, RTR, Darmstadt, Germany

Based on the Bunch Phase Timing System (BuTiS)* local analog radio frequency reference signals (RF references) like the particle revolution frequency and their multiple harmonics will be generated. These references are used to control the phase of the accelerator cavities to altering harmonics of the bunch revolution frequency. Delay or phase shifts from the FAIR-Center to references at the BuTiS endpoints are already compensated by the BuTiS receivers. Phase shifts from the RF reference generators to LLRF electronics can be compensated by controlling the output phases of the DDS modules of the RF references. However phase shift delays of multiple harmonics at the same interconnecting electrical path are not identical at the same time. Configurable electronics** manage phase calibration of the RF references to their endpoints. Calibration may depend on frequency and harmonic of the RF reference, aging as well as on thermal effects. The electrical length and impedance of interconnecting cables for phase control loops can be compensated. This is an important feature, in particular if control loops are switched between different harmonic frequencies.
*B. Zipfel, P. Moritz: Proc. IPAC 2011, San Sebastian
**S. Schäfer, et al.: Proc. IPAC 2013, Shanghai

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THPME083

BPM Data Correction at SOLEIL

vacuum, synchrotron, storage-ring, experiment

3430

N. Hubert, B. Béranger, L.S. Nadolski
SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette, France

In a synchrotron light source like SOLEIL, Beam Position Monitors (BPM) are optimized to have the highest sensitivity for an electron beam passing nearby their mechanical center. Nevertheless, this optimization is done to the detriment of the response linearity when the beam is off-centered for dedicated machine physic studies. To correct for the geometric non-linearity of the BPM, we have applied an algorithm using boundary element method. Moreover the BPM electronics is able to provide position data at a turn-by-turn rate. Unfortunately the filtering process in this electronics mixes the information from one turn to the neighboring turns. An additional demixing algorithm has been set-up to correct for this artefact. The paper reports on performance and limitations of those two algorithms that are used at SOLEIL to correct the BPM data.

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THPME096

Goubau Line Beam Instrumentation Testing, The Benefits

instrumentation, resonance, electromagnetic-fields, impedance

3462

F. Stulle, J.F. Bergoz
BERGOZ Instrumentation, Saint Genis Pouilly, France
J. Musson
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA

At JLab and Bergoz Instrumentation Goubau lines are used for beam instrumentation testing. A Goubau line differs fundamentally from standard bench testing techniques in the way it produces the electromagnetic fields which interact with the DUT. This allows to acquire complementary information about DUT characteristics. Consequently, we improve our knowledge about the DUT. At JLab BPM responses have been successfully mapped and at Bergoz Instrumentation high frequency behavior of current transformers is under study. We present results, highlight benefits and outline ideas for future studies of additional accelerator components.

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THPME117

First Tests with the Self-triggered Mode of the New MicroTCA-based Low-charge Electronics for Button and Stripline BPMs at FLASH

timing, operation, status, interface

3509

F. Schmidt-Föhre, N. Baboi, G. Kuehn, B. Lorbeer, D. Nölle, K. Wittenburg
DESY, Hamburg, Germany

The FLASH facility at DESY is currently enhanced by a second beamline (FLASH2) to extend the capacity for user experiments. In addition, certain support systems like the timing system and the BPM system at the existing FLASH accelerator have been partly renewed and are now under commissioning. New button BPM electronics based on the MTCA.4 for physics standard is provided for the FLASH2 beamline and is foreseen as a replacement of the old BPM electronics at FLASH. Compared to the predecessor of the FLASH button BPM electronics, the new system has been specifically designed for low charge operation exceeding a wide dynamical charge range between 100pC and 3nC. Special provisions have been made to enable single bunch measurements in a self-triggered mode, enabling timing-system-independent measurements during commissioning and at fallback during normal operation.

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THPME122

A SQUID-based Beam Current Monitor for FAIR

pick-up, cryogenics, niobium, ion

3524

R. Geithner, T. Stöhlker, W. Vodel
HIJ, Jena, Germany
R. Geithner, R. Neubert, P. Seidel
FSU Jena, Jena, Germany
F. Kurian, H. Reeg, M. Schwickert
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
T. Stöhlker
IOQ, Jena, Germany

A Cryogenic Current Comparator (CCC) was developed for the upcoming FAIR-Project, providing a non-destructive online monitoring of the beam current in the nA-range. The CCC was optimized for a lowest possible noise-limited current resolution together with a high system bandwidth. Therefore, the low temperature properties of ferromagnetic core materials used in the pick-up coil were investigated and different SQUID-systems were tested. In this contribution we present results of the completed Cryogenic Current Comparator for FAIR working in a laboratory environment, regarding the improvements in resolution and bandwidth due to the use of suitable ferromagnetic core materials and optimized SQUID-system components.

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THPME144

Stripline Beam Position Monitor for THz Source Based FEL

brilliance, impedance, linac, controls

3590

J. Xu, L. Li, J. Liu, P. Lu, Y.J. Pei, B.G. Sun, K. Tang, J.G. Wang, F.F. Wu, H. Xu, Y.L. Yang, Z.R. Zhou, J.Y. Zou
USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China

A 14MeV Linac with both the micro-pulse repetition rate 2856MHz and the macro-pulse width 6us for the THz Source Based FEL was proposed. In order to measure the beam position, a stripline beam position monitor (BPM) was designed, and a commercial BPM electronics Libera Brilliance Single Pass was adopted. As the input carrier frequency of the BPM electrode signal is 2856MHz, but the operating frequency of the Libera Brilliance Single Pass is 500MHz, so a front-end electronics was needed before the electrode signals feed into Libera Brilliance Single Pass. The front-end electronics was designed to make the BPM electrode signals of 2856MHz convert to 500MHz.

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THPME147

The High Position Resolution Cavity BPM Developments and Measurement for ILC Final Focus System

cavity, resonance, alignment, operation

3599

S.W. Jang, J.G. Hwang, E.-S. Kim, L. Lee
KNU, Deagu, Republic of Korea
P. Bambade, O.R. Blanco-García, F. Bogard, S. Wallon
LAL, Orsay, France
Y. Honda, T. Okugi, T. Tauchi, N. Terunuma
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

An ultra high position resolution cavity BPM was developed for the final focus system of ATF2, which is a accelerator test facility for ILC final focus system. The main purpose of ATF2 are achievement of 37 nm beam size and nano-meter beam orbit stability at IP(Interaction Point). For these purposes, a few nano meter beam position resolution was required for this cavity BPM, which is called the IP-BPM. The IP-BPM was fabricated 2 blocks of IP-BPM, the first block consists of two cavities in one block and second block consists of single cavity. IP-BPM can measure beam position in vertical and horizontal independently by using rectangular shape single cavity. Three IP-BPMs were installed at ATF IP region inside IP-chamber, and its position resolution was measured. We will present the detailed results on the beam tests.

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THPME157

Radiation of a Charged Particle Bunch Moving in the Presence of Planar Wire Structure

radiation, diagnostics, operation, vacuum

3629

V.V. Vorobev, S.N. Galyamin, A.V. Tyukhtin
Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia

Funding: Work was supported by "Dynasty" Foundation, the Grant of the President of Russian Federation (No. 273.2013.2) and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Grant No. 12-02-31258).
The structure under consideration represents a set of long thin parallel wires which are placed in a plane with fixed spacing. The wires can exhibit a limited conductivity. If the period of the structure is much less than the typical wavelength, the structure’s influence can be described with help of the averaged boundary conditions*. The main attention is given to the case when the bunch flies through the grid in the orthogonal direction. Radiation of charged particle bunch which have small transversal size and limited longitudinal one is studied. Analytical expressions for volume and surface waves are given for the bunches with arbitrary longitudinal profile. A separate analysis is performed for the particular case of the plane which is ideally conducting in only one direction. It is shown that the surface wave is similar, in some way, to the radiation field of the bunch moving in a wire metamaterial**. It is demonstrated that the detection of surface waves can be used to estimate the longitudinal sizes of bunches. Typical numerical results for bunches of different shapes and structures with different parameters are given.
* M.I. Kontorovich et al, Electrodynamics of Grid Structures (Moscow, 1987).
** V.V. Vorobev, A.V. Tyukhtin, Phys. Rev. Let., 108, 184801 (2012).

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THPME160

Design, Implementation and Preliminary Test Results of the ESS Beam Current Monitor System

FPGA, interface, timing, linac

3638

H. Hassanzadegan, A. Jansson, C.A. Thomas
ESS, Lund, Sweden
J.L. Crisp
FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
U. Legat, K. Strniša
Cosylab, Ljubljana, Slovenia
M. Werner
DESY, Hamburg, Germany

The Beam Current Monitor system of the ESS linac will be mainly based on AC Current Transformers. The BCM system will be used to monitor the beam current and charge in absolute and differential modes. The differential current measurement is also intended for detecting large and sudden beam losses and acting on the Machine Interlock System (MIS), especially in areas where Beam Loss Monitors cannot be reliably used. A demo BCM based on a Bergoz ACCT and MTCA.4 electronics has been procured and integrated into EPICS. A VHDL code has been developed and successfully tested for the required FPGA signal processing including droop compensation, filtering, DC level correction and interfacing to the MIS. This paper gives an overview of the current status of the BCM system design and implementation as well as some preliminary test results in absolute and differential modes.

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THPME166

System Overview and Current Status of the ESS Beam Position Monitors

linac, simulation, detector, quadrupole

3653

H. Hassanzadegan, A. Jansson, C.A. Thomas
ESS, Lund, Sweden
D. Lipka, M. Werner
DESY, Hamburg, Germany
A. Young
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA

It is planned to install more than 140 button BPMs along the ESS linac. The BPMs will be used to measure the beam position and phase in all foreseen beam modes and to provide input to the Machine Interlock System. The phase measurement is mainly intended for cavity tuning and Time-Of-Flight energy measurements. A customized BPM detector based on the European XFEL button style has been designed for the cold linac through a collaboration with DESY. Large buttons with diameters up to 40 mm are foreseen to provide enough S/N ratio not only with the nominal beam, but also with a low-current or a de-bunched beam. A demo MTCA.4 system has been procured and successfully integrated into EPICS. Also, a customized Rear Transition Module for down-mixing the BPM signals will be developed with SLAC. Electronics tests with a BPM test bench are currently going on at ESS. BPM installation in the linac is foreseen for 2017 and afterwards.

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THPME185

Design and First Operation of a Silicon-based Non–invasive Beam Monitor

detector, proton, experiment, operation

3712

T. Cybulski, L.J. Devlin, C.P. Welsch
Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
T. Cybulski, L.J. Devlin, K.P. Hennessy, C.P. Welsch
The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
T.J. Jones
STFC/DL, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
A. Kacperek, B. Marsland, I. Taylor, A. Wray
The Douglas Cyclotron, The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Wirral, United Kingdom

Funding: Work supported by the EU under contract PITN-GA-2008-215080 and the STFC Cockcroft Institute Core Grant No. ST/G008248/1.
Non–invasive, highly accurate and reliable beam monitors are a desired aim of any beam diagnostics design. Knowledge of beam parameters is essential in fundamental research, industry or medical applications with varying demands. It is critical for the optimization of ion beams used for cancer treatment. Ocular tumor treatment at the Clatterbridge Cancer Center (CCC) uses a 60 MeV proton beam. Disturbances introduced to a beam by intercepting devices risk affecting its energy and energy spread, thereby limiting its effectiveness for treatment. The advantageous semi-circular structure of the LHCb Vertex Locator (VELO) detector has been investigated in the QUASAR Group. It is an interesting option for a non-invasive online beam monitor relying on beam ‘halo’ measurements without disturbing the part of the beam used for treatment. This contribution discusses the measurement method, setup design and integration within the CCC treatment beam line.

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THPME186

Development of a BPM System using a Commercial FPGA Card and Digitizer Adaptor Module for FETS

FPGA, LabView, pick-up, alignment

3716

G.E. Boorman, S.M. Gibson
Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, United Kingdom
R.T.P. D'Arcy, S. Jolly
UCL, London, United Kingdom
S.R. Lawrie, A.P. Letchford
STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom

A series of beam position monitors (BPMs) will be installed at the Front End Test Stand (FETS) at RAL as part of the 3 MeV Medium Energy Beam Transport (MEBT). The BPMs analyse 2 ms long, 60 mA beam pulses delivered to the MEBT by a 324 MHz Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ). Initial linearity and resolution measurements from the prototype button BPMs are shown. The development of the algorithm for the processing of the BPM signals using a commercial PXI-based FPGA card is discussed and initial measurements of the electronics and signal processing are presented. The test-rig used to characterise each BPM and further develop the processing algorithm is described. The position and phase are measured several times throughout the duration of each pulse, and the measurements are made available via an EPICS server.

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THPRI021

Implementation of a Direct Link between the LHC Beam Interlock System and the LHC Beam Dumping System Re-triggering Lines

dumping, operation, extraction, kicker

3810

S. Gabourin, E. Carlier, R. Denz, N. Magnin, J.A. Uythoven, D. Wollmann, M. Zerlauth
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
M. Bartholdt, B. Bertsche, V. Vatansever, P. Zeiler
Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany

To avoid damage of accelerator equipment due to impacting beam, the controlled removal of the LHC beams from the collider rings towards the dump blocks must be guaranteed at all times. When a beam dump is demanded, the Beam Interlock System communicates this request to the Trigger Synchronisation and Distribution System of the LHC Beam Dumping System. Both systems were built according to high reliability standards. To further reduce the risk of incapability to dump the beams in case of correlated failures in the Trigger Synchronisation and Distribution System, a new direct link from the Beam Interlock System to the re-triggering lines of the LHC Beam Dumping System will be implemented for the start-up with beam in 2015. The link represents a diverse redundancy to the current implementation, which should neither significantly increase the risk for so-called asynchronous beam dumps nor compromise machine availability. This paper describes the implementation choices of this link. Furthermore the results of a reliability analysis to quantify its impact on LHC machine availability are presented.

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