Keyword: damping
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MOPRO016 NANOPERM® Broad Band Magnetic Alloy Cores for Synchrotron RF Systems synchrotron, target, acceleration, background 95
 
  • T. Trupp
    MAGNETEC GmbH, Langenselbold, Germany
  
  Recent developments in synchrotron acceleration systems show a demand for broadband MA (Magnetic Alloy) magnetic core loaded cavities with a high field gradient. For many facilities e.g. GSI, CoSY, J-Parc limited installation lengths requires high gradients in the region of 40kV/m. Both requirements rule out ferrite materials due to the lower maximum excitation levels and high Q-value. This request can solely be met by Finemet type cores like NANOPERM® produced by MAGNETEC. In this paper, the statistics of 22 huge cores made of NANOPERM® and measured high frequency properties are shown under free-space (FS) condition and compared with the theoretical expectation.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPRO016  
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MOPRO027 Measurements and Laboratory Tests on a Prototype Stripline Kicker for the CLIC Damping Rings impedance, simulation, coupling, kicker 125
 
  • C. Belver-Aguilar, A. Faus-Golfe
    IFIC, Valencia, Spain
  • M.J. Barnes, H.A. Day
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • F. Toral
    CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain
  
  The Pre-Damping Rings (PDRs) and Damping Rings (DRs) of CLIC are required to reduce the beam emittances to the small values required for the main linacs. The injection and extraction, from the PDRs and DRs, are performed by kicker systems. To achieve both low beam coupling impedance and reasonable broadband impedance matching to the electrical circuit, striplines have been chosen for the kicker elements. Prototype striplines have been built: tests and measurements of these striplines have started. The goal of these tests is to characterize, without beam, the electromagnetic response of the striplines. The tests have been carried out at CERN. To study the signal transmission through the striplines, the measured S-parameters have been compared with simulations. In addition, measurements of longitudinal beam coupling impedance, using the coaxial wire method, are reported and compared with simulations.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPRO027  
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MOPRO028 Measurements on Prototype Inductive Adders with Ultra-flat-top Output Pulses for CLIC DR Kickers kicker, flattop, operation, high-voltage 128
 
  • J. Holma, M.J. Barnes
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • C. Belver-Aguilar
    IFIC, Valencia, Spain
  
  The CLIC study is investigating the technical feasibility of an electron-positron collider with high luminosity and a nominal centre-of-mass energy of 3 TeV. The CLIC pre-damping rings and damping rings (DRs) will produce ultra-low emittance beam with high bunch charge. To avoid beam emittance increase, the DR kicker systems must provide extremely flat, high-voltage, pulses. The specifications for the DR extraction kickers call for a 160 ns duration flat-top pulses of ±12.5 kV, 250 A, with a combined ripple and droop of not more than ±0.02 % (±2.5 V). An inductive adder is a very promising approach to meeting the specifications because this topology allows the use of both passive and analogue modulation methods to adjust the output waveform. Recently, two five-layer, 3.5 kV, prototype inductive adders have been built at CERN. The first of these has been used to test the passive and active analogue modulation methods to compensate voltage droop and ripple of the output pulses. Pulse waveforms have been recorded with ±0.05 % relative (±1.0 V) stability for 160 ns flat-top duration at 1.823 kV.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPRO028  
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MOPRO098 Compact Electron Storage Ring Concepts for EUV and Soft X-ray Production emittance, storage-ring, wiggler, dipole 316
 
  • H.L. Owen, S.A. Geaney, M. Kenyon
    UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
  • J.K. Jones, D.J. Scott
    STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  
  Funding: Funded in part by the Science and Technology Facilities Council
We discuss the use of two novel techniques to deliver low emittance from a compact electron ring at energies around 1 GeV, suitable for EUV and soft X-ray synchrotron radiation production. The first method is the circulation of non-equilibrium electron bunches, which is made feasible using high repetition rate linacs and very fast bunch-by-bunch injection and extraction. The second method is to utilise a stacked storage ring in which two rings are coupled, and in which the strong damping wigglers in one ring depress the emittance in the other. We present example designs of each approach, noting that these methods may be used in combination with other emittance reduction techniques. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPRO098  
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MOPRO104 Low-Energy Intrabeam Scattering Measurements at the Spear3 Storage Ring emittance, storage-ring, radiation, lattice 334
 
  • K. Tian, W.J. Corbett, X. Huang, J.A. Safranek
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  
  Intrabeam scattering (IBS) can cause emittance growth in diffraction limited light sources. At lower beam energy, the IBS effect is expected to be more pronounced. To study these effects we have developed a series of low energy lattices in SPEAR3 with beam energy ranging from 3GeV to 700MeV. The horizontal beam size and bunch length are measured as a function of beam energy and compared with theoretic calculations.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPRO104  
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MOPME073 Status of Injection Complex VEPP-5: Machine Commissioning and First Experience of Positron Storage injection, electron, positron, dumping 538
 
  • A.A. Starostenko, F.A. Emanov, E.S. Kazantseva, P.V. Logatchov
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
  
  The Injection complex VEPP-5 consist of S-band linear accelerators (270 and 420 MeV), positron convertor (at 270 MeV) and damping ring. The injection complex is in commission. Positron rate production about 6·108 positrons/pulse and conversion yield 0.14/GeV was achieved. Storage ring positron beam current is 70mA was achieved.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPME073  
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MOPME082 ILC-Class Marx Modulator at KEK controls, high-voltage, operation, flattop 562
 
  • M.P.J. Gaudreau, N. Silverman, B.E. Simpson
    Diversified Technologies, Inc., Bedford, Massachusetts, USA
  • J.A. Casey
    Rockfield Research Inc., Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
  
  Funding: US Department of Energy, Award DE-FG02-05ER84352 KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization
In October 2013, Diversified Technologies, Inc. (DTI) successfully installed and began operation of a 120 kV, 120 A, 1.7 ms Marx modulator for the High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) in Japan. Originally conceived, and built under a DOE SBIR grant to support SLAC (completed in 2010), the Marx bank modulator demonstrates a new technology for compact and economic ILC-class performance; the design meets the performance requirements for ILC, does so in a more compact form factor than other known technologies, and, we believe, will be more economic than other technologies. The basic concept of a Marx modulator is that it charges an array of capacitors in parallel (low voltage), then erects them in series to form a high-voltage discharge. Using DTI’s solid-state switches (instead of traditional spark gaps or SCRs) to construct a Marx modulator enables it to open and close; thus the capacitors serve as storage capacitors rather than fully exhausting during each pulse. The opening capability of the DTI switches also provides for arc protection of the load, exactly as they would in a hard-switch. Such a system requires no crowbar protection to protect the load against arcs. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPME082  
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TUXB01 Recent Progress in 3D Numerical Wakefield Calculations impedance, electron, cavity, insertion 944
 
  • W. Bruns
    WBFB, Berlin, Germany
  
  The 3D electromagnetic Field Simulator GdfidL computes Wakepotentials on standard CPUs with a Speed comparable to GPU-Based Implementations. This is achieved via Computing only in interesting Cells, having the FD-Coefficients in compressed Form, traversing the Grid in a Cache-friendly Order and applying a blocked Update Scheme which is NuMA-aware. A Dispersion optimised Scheme is described. Fields in dispersive Materials are computed via solving the Equations of the Electron Hulls of the Material. Moving Mesh Computations have the Grid-generation on the Fly.  
slides icon Slides TUXB01 [16.169 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUXB01  
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TUPRO019 Localisation of Beam Offset Jitter Sources at ATF2 quadrupole, experiment, simulation, EPICS 1049
 
  • J. Pfingstner, H. Garcia, A. Latina, M. Patecki, D. Schulte, R. Tomás
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  For the commissioning and operation of modern particle accelerators, automated error detection and diagnostics methods are becoming increasingly important. In this paper, we present two such methods, which are capable of localising sources of beam offset jitter with a combination of correlation studies and so called degree of freedom plots. The methods were applied to the ATF2 beam line at KEK, where one of the major goals is the reduction of the beam offset jitter. Results of this localisation are shown in this paper. A big advantage of the presented method is its high robustness especially to varying optics parameters. Therefore, we believe that the developed beam offset jitter localisation methods can be easily applied to other accelerators.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRO019  
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TUPRO064 Scaling Laws of Wake Field Effects for Gradient Changes in the CLIC Main Linac linac, wakefield, emittance, simulation 1183
 
  • J. Pfingstner, A. Latina, D. Schulte
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  The main linac of CLIC is designed to maximize the transportable bunch charge, since this parameter determines the energy efficiency of the CLIC accelerating structures. The bunch charge is limited by short-range wake field effects, which increase the projected beam emittance. For the main linac cost optimisation, it is important to understand how the charge limit scales with the change of the gradient of the accelerating structures. In this paper, we determine such a scaling law via simulations studies. It is shown that from different possible scenarios, the charge limit for a lower gradient CLIC structure scales advantageous and a relatively high charge can be used.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRO064  
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TUPRO093 Numerical Study of Intrinsic Ripples in J-PARC Main-ring Magnets simulation, operation, synchrotron, acceleration 1256
 
  • Y. Shirakabe, A.Y. Molodozhentsev, M. Muto
    KEK, Tsukuba, Japan
  
  Beam ripples are one of the critical problems in high power proton synchrotrons. Magnet field ripples are considered as a main origin of the beam ripples among various possible sources. Although magnet power supply ripples are generally treated as the dominating ripple source, the load circuit parameters of the magnets and their interconnections are also playing critical roles in defining the ripple amplitudes and frequencies. In this viewpoint, the magnet power supplies are treated as simplified current sources, and the ripples generated in the circuit systems are investigated both in analytical and numerical ways. One of the findings in this direction of investigation is the existence of intrinsic ripples. The intrinsic ripples occur inevitably in the synchrotron magnets, no matter how the power supplies are producing idealistic current ramp patterns. Their amplitudes are defined by the circuit parameters such as inductance and capacitance, and the ramp parameters such as ramp rates. Some of the analytical mechanisms in generating the magnet field ripples are presented as well as the studied examples.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRO093  
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TUPME029 Identification of High-frequency Resonant Impedance in the CERN SPS impedance, simulation, vacuum, resonance 1416
 
  • E.N. Shaposhnikova, T. Argyropoulos, T. Bohl, J.V. Campelo, F. Caspers, J. F. Esteban Müller, A. Lasheen, B. Salvant, H. Timko
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  The spectrum of long bunches injected into the ring with RF switched off has been used in the SPS in the past to probe the longitudinal coupling impedance. After a large campaign of shielding of 800 inter-magnet vacuum ports in 1999 - 2001, the microwave instability threshold was significantly increased and the high-frequency spectrum of the beam became practically flat, apart from a prominent peak at around 1.4 GHz. As corresponding high-frequency impedance could potentially lead to microwave instability of high intensity bunches observed now at high energies in the SPS, a search of the source of this impedance was launched. Using a combination of impedance simulations and measurements, vacuum flanges that are present in a large quantity in the machine have been identified as a main source of impedance at this frequency. Particle simulations based on the SPS impedance model, which includes this previously unknown impedance, are able to reproduce the characteristics of the bunch spectrum and amplitude growth rates and hence, confirm that the impedance of the vacuum flanges is responsible for the observed spectral peak.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPME029  
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TUPRI020 Study of Electron Cloud Effects in SuperKEKB electron, emittance, simulation, radiation 1597
 
  • K. Ohmi, D. Zhou
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  
  In SuperKEKB, high beta section exists in the interaction region. Fast head-tail instability and incoherent emittance growth due to electron cloud are enhanced in the high beta section. Especially high beta sections are located every betatron phase advance pi. Nonlinear force due to electron cloud is coherently accumulated. Incoherent eminence growth dominates.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRI020  
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TUPRI043 Analysis of Coupled Bunch Instabilities in BESSY-VSR HOM, cavity, feedback, impedance 1659
 
  • M. Ruprecht, P. Goslawski, A. Jankowiak, M. Ries, A. Schälicke, G. Wüstefeld
    HZB, Berlin, Germany
  • T. Weis
    DELTA, Dortmund, Germany
  
  BESSY-VSR, a scheme where 1.5 ps and 15 ps long bunches (rms) can be stored simultaneously in the BESSY II storage ring has recently been proposed*. The strong longitudinal bunch focusing is achieved by superconducting high gradient RF cavities. This paper presents investigations of coupled bunch instabilities driven by HOMs of superconducting multi cell cavities in BESSY-VSR. Analytical calculations and tracking simulations in time domain are performed in the longitudinal and the transverse planes and factors that influence the threshold currents are being discussed. Suitable candidates of cavities which are presently available or in the phase of design are compared with respect to their instability thresholds.
* G. Wüstefeld, A. Jankowiak, J. Knobloch, M. Ries, Simultaneous Long and Short Electron Bunches in the BESSY II Storage Ring, Proceedings of IPAC2011, San Sebastián, Spain 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRI043  
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TUPRI053 Transverse Beam Instabilities in the MAX IV 3 GeV ring impedance, emittance, operation, storage-ring 1689
 
  • G. Skripka, P.F. Tavares
    MAX-lab, Lund, Sweden
  • M. Klein, R. Nagaoka
    SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
  
  Collective effects in MAX IV 3 GeV storage ring are strongly enhanced by the combination of low emittance, high current and small effective aperture. Three passive harmonic cavities (HC) are introduced to lengthen the bunches, by which beam stabilization is anticipated via decoupling to high frequency wakes, along with Landau damping. The role of the ransverse impedance budget of the MAX IV 3 GeV storage ring as a source of collective beam instabilities was determined. With the help of the macroparticle multi-bunch tracking code mbtrack that directly uses the former as input, we studied the influence of geometric and resistive wall impedance in both transverse planes, as well as that of chromaticity shifting. A fully dynamic treatment of the passive harmonic cavities developed for this study allowed us to evaluate their effectiveness under varying beam conditions.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRI053  
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TUPRI056 Beam Measurements of the LHC Impedance and Validation of the Impedance Model impedance, emittance, synchrotron, simulation 1698
 
  • J.F. Esteban Müller, T. Argyropoulos, T. Bohl, N. Mounet, E.N. Shaposhnikova, H. Timko
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  Different measurements of the longitudinal impedance of the LHC done with single bunches with various intensities and longitudinal emittances during measurement sessions in 2011-2012 are compared with particle simulations based on the existing LHC impedance model. The very low reactive impedance of the LHC, with Im(Z/n) around 0.1 Ohm, is not easy to measure. The most sensitive observation is the loss of Landau damping during acceleration, which shows at which energy bunches become unstable depending on their parameters. In addition, the synchrotron frequency shift due to the reactive impedance was estimated following two methods. Firstly, it was obtained from the peak-detected Schottky spectrum. Secondly, a sine modulation in the RF phase was applied to the bunches with different intensities and the modulation frequency was scanned. In both cases, the synchrotron frequency shift was of the order of the measurement precision.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRI056  
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TUPRI057 Review of the Transverse Impedance Budget for the CLIC Damping Rings impedance, wiggler, simulation, operation 1701
 
  • E. Koukovini-Platia, G. Rumolo
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  Single bunch instability thresholds and the associated coherent tune shifts have been evaluated in the transverse plane for the damping rings (DR) of the Compact Linear Collider (CLIC). A multi-kick version of the HEADTAIL code was used to study the instability thresholds in the case where different impedance contributions are taken into account such as the broad-band resonator model in combination with the resistive wall contribution from the arcs and the wigglers of the DR. Simulations performed for positive values of chromaticity showed that higher order bunch modes can be potentially dangerous for the beam stability.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRI057  
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TUPRI067 Recent Results for the Dependence of Beam Instabilities caused by Electron Clouds at CesrTA due to Variations in Bunch Spacing and Chromaticity electron, positron, feedback, controls 1721
 
  • M.G. Billing, K.R. Butler, G. Dugan, M.J. Forster, G. Ramirez, N.T. Rider, K.G. Sonnad, H.A. Williams
    Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
  • J.W. Flanagan
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  • R. Holtzapple, K.E. McArdle, M.I. Miller, M.M. Totten
    CalPoly, San Luis Obispo, California, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by DOE Award DE-FC02-08ER41538, NSF Award PHY-0734867, PHY-1068662 and the Lepton Collider R&D, Coop Agreement: NSF Award PHY-1002467
At the Cornell Electron-Positron Storage Ring Test Accelerator (CesrTA) experiments have been studying the interaction of the electron cloud (EC) with 2.1 GeV stored electron and positron beams. These experiments are intended to characterize the dependence of beam–EC interactions on various beam parameters, such as bunch spacing and vertical chromaticity. Most experiments were performed with 30 or 45-bunch trains, at a fixed current of 0.75 mA/bunch. Earlier experiments with positrons had varied the bunch spacing between 4 and 56 ns at three different vertical chromaticity settings. More recent measurements have included electron-bunch trains to contrast the build up of EC between electron and positron beams. The dynamics of the stored beam was quantified using: a gated Beam Position Monitor (BPM) and spectrum analyzer to measure the frequency spectrum of bunches in the trains; an x-ray beam size monitor to record the bunch-by-bunch, turn-by-turn vertical size of each bunch within the trains. We report on recent ob-servations from these experiments and additional studies, using witness bunches trailing 30 or 45-bunch positron trains, which were used for the generation of the ECs. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRI067  
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TUPRI070 Analysis of Coupled-bunch Instabilities in the NSLS-II Storage Ring HOM, cavity, impedance, storage-ring 1727
 
  • G. Bassi, A. Blednykh, F. Gao, J. Rose
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
  
  We discuss coupled-bunch instabilities thresholds for the NSLS-II Storage Ring. In particular, we analyze thresholds from the High Order Modes (HOMs) of the PETRA-III 7-cell cavity. Beam dynamics simulations with the code OASIS, using the measured HOMs, will be compared with machine studies.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRI070  
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TUPRI086 Feedback System Design Techniques for Control of Intra-bunch Instabilities at the SPS feedback, electron, controls, optics 1769
 
  • C.H. Rivetta, J.M. Cesaratto, J.E. Dusatko, J.D. Fox, O. Turgut
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  • W. Höfle, G. Kotzian, K.S.B. Li
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract # DE-AC02-76SF00515 and the US LHC Accelerator Research Program (LARP).
The feedback control of intra-bunch instabilities driven by electron-clouds or strong head-tail coupling requires bandwidth sufficient to sense the vertical position and apply multiple corrections within a nanosecond-scale bunch. These requirements impose challenges and limits in the design and implementation of the feedback system. This paper presents model-based design techniques for feedback systems to address the stabilization of the transverse bunch dynamics. These techniques include in the design the effect of noise and signals perturbing the bunch motion. Different controllers are compared based on stability margins and equivalent noise gain between input-output of the processing channel. The controller design uses as example the bunch dynamics defined by the SPS ring including the Q20 optics. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRI086  
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TUPRI089 Numerical Technique for Nonlinear Beam-based Alignment quadrupole, alignment, positron, simulation 1778
 
  • F. Guatieri, C. Milardi
    INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy
  • D. Orsucci
    UNIPI, Pisa, Italy
  
  Two techniques to perform Beam-Based Alignment are presented. These techniques are intended for the difficult case arising in circular accelerators characterized by a nonlinear dependence of the Response Matrix on misalignments of the magnetic sources, where the standard approach fails. The developed algorithms have been successfully used to reconstruct misalignments in the transverse position of the quadrupoles installed in the main rings of the DAΦNE collider.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRI089  
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WEOCA01 Construction Status of SuperKEKB dynamic-aperture, controls, detector, cavity 1877
 
  • N. Ohuchi, K. Akai, H. Koiso
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  
  SuperKEKB consists of 7 GeV electron and 4 GeV positron rings (HER and LER), a newly built positron damping ring and an injector linac. The target luminosity is 8x1035 cm-2s-1, which is 40 times higher than that achieved at KEKB. Construction of SuperKEKB is progressing on schedule, and beam commissioning is scheduled in 2015. Fabrication, treatment and installation of vacuum components, magnets and power supplies, and beam diagnostic and feedback systems are ongoing. Improvement of RF system and strengthening of cooling system for magnets and beam pipes are also underway. Detailed design of the interaction region has been finalized, and final focus superconducting magnets are under production. The damping ring tunnel and buildings has been completed, and installation of the accelerator components started. The upgrade of the injector linac is also progressing. This paper describes construction status of SuperKEKB main rings and the damping ring as well as recent design progress.  
slides icon Slides WEOCA01 [6.360 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEOCA01  
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WEPRO028 A Robinson Wiggler Proposal for the Metrology Light Source emittance, wiggler, radiation, synchrotron 2001
 
  • T. Goetsch, J. Feikes, M. Ries, G. Wüstefeld
    HZB, Berlin, Germany
  
  Funding: Work supported by German Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung and Land Berlin.
The Metrology Light Source (MLS), situated in Berlin (Germany) is owned by the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt and was built / is operated by the Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin. It is an electron storage ring operating from 105 MeV to 630 MeV. The MLS serves as the national primary source standard from the near infrared to the extreme ultraviolet spectral region *. Users of synchrotron radiation demand an improved lifetime which is Touschek dominated at the MLS. A possible solution to meet this demand is to lengthen the electron bunches. By installing a Robinson Wiggler (RW), damping effects can be transferred from the longitudinal to the horizontal plane **,***, thereby increasing the energy spread and reducing the horizontal emittance. By varying the energy spread, the bunch length can be increased and thus the scattering rate decreased, resulting in an improved lifetime. According to preliminary estimations a considerable increase in lifetime seems achievable, while preserving the source size.
* R. Klein et al., Phys. Rev. ST-AB 11, 110701, 2008
** K. W. Robinson, Radiation effects in circular electron accelerators, 1958.
*** H. Abualrob et al., MOPPP062, IPAC2012, New Orleans, 2012 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRO028  
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WEPRO035 Radiation Damage of Undulators at PETRA III undulator, radiation, wiggler, vacuum 2019
 
  • P. Vagin, O. Bilani, A. Schöps, M. Tischer, S. Tripathi, T. Vielitz
    DESY, Hamburg, Germany
  
  In the new octant of PETRA~III, there are 14 undulator beamlines covering photon energy range from 0.3keV to 150keV. There are also 80m of damping wigglers in order to achieve a low emittance of 1nmrad. Some of these devices, operating at PETRAIII since 2008, accumulated total radiation doses of about 100kGy. Visible corrosion at the magnet structures of some permanent magnet undulators setting in after a few years and a high dose rate measured regularly by thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) gave reason to inspect the magnetic field of all insertion devices in the PETRA tunnel. This paper presents details of the magnetic field degradation caused by radiation damage to the undulator magnets. For some undulators changes in the spectral properties of the generated light were observed. It was measured with different taper settings in order to partly compensate the nonuniform demagnetization along the structure. The results are compared with the data from the sFLASH undulators and measurements of special 3 pole "sacrificial" undulator, installed in FLASH. Its magnetic field is periodically remeasured and shows field amplitude decrease of 1% per 16kGy accumulated dose.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRO035  
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WEPRO042 Damping Wiggler with Tapered Period wiggler, emittance, lattice, radiation 2038
 
  • K. Karyukina
    BINP, Novosibirsk, Russia
  • A.V. Bogomyagkov, E.B. Levichev
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
  
  Strong-field short-period wigglers installed in electron storage ring increase the radiation damping integral I2 and either increase or decrease the I5 integral responsible for quantum excitation. In case of the I5 integral decreasing, the beam emittance can be substantially reduced. In the paper we discuss additional reduction of I5 by applying of the longitudinal modulation of the wiggler period (tapering).  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRO042  
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WEPRO046 Beam Dynamic Effect of Multi-period Robinson Wiggler in Taiwan Photon Source wiggler, emittance, dipole, storage-ring 2044
 
  • C.W. Huang
    NTHU, Hsinchu, Taiwan
  • C.-S. Hwang
    NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
  • S.-Y. Lee
    IUCEEM, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
  
  Robinson wiggler is a special insertion device that can be used to decrease natural emittance of the Taiwan Photon Source (TPS) storage ring. There are four poles in one set of Robinson Wiggler and each pole has combined with dipole and quadrupole field strength. The dipole field strength multiply quardupole field strength in each pole should be negative. This Robinson wiggler can change damping partition number and then affect the emittance. This study will evaluate practicability of reducing the emittance of TPS storage ring by muti-period Robinson wiggler and will be installed in the 7 m long-straight section. One period of the traditional Robinson Wiggler include four poles with different field polarity. In the same length, the mult-period Robinson Wiggler have many period in one set of Robinson Wiggler that is different from the traditional Robinson wiggler. Due to the traditional Robinson wiggler can not be effective to improve emittance in TPS storage ring (the efficiency is only 7%). So we adopt to use muti-period Robinson wiggler, the efficiency can be up to 37%, and the linear matching result is better than one period Robinson Wiggler.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRO046  
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WEPME015 High-gradient Test Results from a CLIC Prototype Accelerating Structure: TD26CC linac, accelerating-gradient, target, vacuum 2285
 
  • W. Wuensch, A. Degiovanni, S. Döbert, W. Farabolini, A. Grudiev, J.W. Kovermann, E. Montesinos, G. Riddone, I. Syratchev, R. Wegner
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • A. Solodko
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  • B.J. Woolley
    Cockcroft Institute, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
  
  The CLIC study has progressively tested prototype accelerating structures which incorporate an ever increasing number of features which are needed for a final version installed in a linear collider. The most recent high power test made in the CERN X-band test stand, Xbox-1, is a of a CERN-built prototype which includes damping features but also compact input and output power couplers, which maximize the overall length to active gradient ratio of the structure. The structure’s high-gradient performance, 100 MV/m and low breakdown rate, matches previously tested structures validating both CERN fabrication and the compact coupler design.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPME015  
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WEPME050 High Frequency Electromagnetic Characterization of NEG properties for the CLIC Damping Rings simulation, network, experiment, impedance 2384
 
  • E. Koukovini-Platia, G. Rumolo, C. Zannini
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  Coating materials will be used in the CLIC damping rings (DR) to suppress two-stream effects. In particular, NEG coating is necessary to suppress fast beam ion instabilities in the electron damping ring (EDR). The electromagnetic (EM) characterization of the material properties up to high frequencies is required for the impedance modeling of the CLIC DR components. The EM properties for frequencies of few GHz are determined with the waveguide method, based on a combination of experimental measurements of the complex transmission coefficient S21 and CST 3D EM simulations. The results obtained from a NEG coated copper (Cu) waveguide are presented in this paper.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPME050  
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WEPRI008 First Cavity Design Studies for the BESSY-VSR Upgrade Proposal cavity, HOM, coupling, impedance 2493
 
  • A. Neumann, A. Burrill, P. Goslawski, A. Jankowiak, J. Knobloch, M. Ries, M. Ruprecht, A.V. Vélez, G. Wüstefeld
    HZB, Berlin, Germany
  
  Funding: Work supported by German Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung and Land Berlin
Recently HZB proposed an upgrade of the 3rd generation synchrotron light source BESSY II allowing simultanous long and short pulse operation*. For this scheme to work superconducting higher harmonic cavities of the fundamental 500 MHz at two frequencies need to be installed in the BESSY II storage ring. Given an appropiate choice of the higher harmonics the resulting gradient leads to a beating effect of the effective longitudinal focussing voltage at the stable fix points resulting in different bunch lengths in subsequent buckets. This project places stringent requirements on the cavity performance, as high accelerating fields, excellent HOM damping capabilities and high reliability as they will operate in a 300 mA 24/7 user facility. In this paper we describe the requirements for the cavity design and first designs steps.
* G. Wüstefeldt et al., Simultaneous Long and Short Electron Bunches in the BESSY II Storage Ring, Proc. of IPAC'11, San Sebástian, Spain 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRI008  
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WEPRI037 Comparison of High Order Modes Damping Techniques for 800 MHz Single Cell Superconducting Cavities HOM, cavity, luminosity, dipole 2558
 
  • Ya.V. Shashkov, N.P. Sobenin
    MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
  • M. Zobov
    INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy
  
  Currently, applications of 800 MHz harmonic cavities in both bunch lengthening and shortening regimes are under consideration and discussion in the framework of the High Luminosity LHC project. In this paper we study electromagnetic characteristics of high order modes (HOM) for a single cell 800 MHz superconducting cavity and arrays of such cavities connected by drifts tubes. Different techniques for the HOM damping such as beam pipe grooves, coaxial-notch loads, fluted beam pipes etc. are investigated and compared. The influence of the sizes and geometry of the drift tubes on the HOM damping is analyzed.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRI037  
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WEPRI076 Higher Order Mode Damping in Superconducting Spoke Cavities HOM, cavity, higher-order-mode, superconductivity 2669
 
  • C.S. Hopper, J.R. Delayen
    ODU, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
  
  Parasitic higher order modes (HOMs) can be severely detrimental to the performance of superconducting cavities. For this reason, the mode spectrum and beam coupling strength must be examined in detail to determine which modes must be damped. One advantage of the spoke cavity geometry is that couplers can be placed on the outer body of the cavity rather than in the beam line space. We present an overview of the HOM properties of spoke cavities and methods for suppressing the most harmful ones.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRI076  
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THPRO017 Comparison of the Detection Performance of Three Nonlinear Crystals for the Electro-optic Sampling of a FEL-THz Source FEL, laser, detector, lattice 2891
 
  • B. Wu, L. Cao, Q. Fu, P. Tan, Y.Q. Xiong
    HUST, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
  
  The detector of a FEL-THz source at HUST is now in the physical design stage. The electro-optic (EO) sampling method will be employed for the coherent detection. The performances of three widely used EO crystals will be evaluated and compared numerically in the time domain detection: zinc telluride (ZnTe), gallium arsenide (GaAs) and gallium phosphide (GaP). The phase matching properties are analyzed to find the appropriate probe wavelength. The EO detection response is calculated to select the suitable crystal thickness and to discuss the detection ability of each crystal.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRO017  
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THPRO060 Beam-beam Effect on the BTF in Bunched Beams electron, simulation, beam-beam-effects, operation 3011
 
  • P.A. Görgen, O. Boine-Frankenheim
    TEMF, TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
  • W. Fischer
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
  
  We present studies on the transverse baseband Beam Transfer Functions (BTFs) in bunched beams at high energies. The goal of the work is to evaluate whether transverse BTFs can be used to diagnose the tune spread arising from transverse nonlinearities such as the beam-beam effect and space charge. We employ an analytic expression to the BTFs of beams under a transverse nonlinear lens arising from a bi-Gaussian charge distribution. We obtain agreement between a simulation model of an electron-lens like configuration and the analytic results. The tune spread for this scenario can be recovered by means of a fit against the analytic expectation. The results are compared with measurements where the beam-beam effect acts as a substitute for the electron lens. A similar behaviour of the BTF is observed. This allows the conclusion that the transverse BTF can be used to diagnose tune spread from an electron-lens. Finally we discuss the problems that arise when trying to recover the tune spread from BTFs of arbitrary non-Gaussian beams and in the presence of coherent beam-beam modes.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRO060  
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THPRO076 Frequency Maps Analysis of Tracking and Experimental Data for the SLS Storage Ring synchrotron, resonance, dynamic-aperture, optics 3056
 
  • P. Zisopoulos, F. Antoniou, Y. Papaphilippou
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • A. Streun
    PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
  • V.G. Ziemann
    Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
  
  Frequency Maps Analysis (FMA) has been widely used in beam dynamics in order to study dynamical aspects of the particles linear and non-linear motion, such as optics functions distortion, coupling, tune-shift and resonances. In this paper, FMA is employed to explore the dynamics of models of the Swiss Light Source (SLS) storage ring and compare them with measured turn by turn (TxT) position data. In particular, a method is proposed for estimating the momentum spread using synchrotron sidebands of the Fourier spectrum of the TxT data.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRO076  
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THPRO078 Time-dependent Behaviour of Gas Ejected from an Accelerating Structure after a Discharge vacuum, distributed, injection, HOM 3062
 
  • V.G. Ziemann
    Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
  
  Funding: This work is supported by the 7th European Framework program EuCARD under grant number 227579.
A discharge or RF-breakdown event in a CLIC acceleration structure causes the localized release of gas molecules inside a thin conduction limited system with distributed pumping. We discuss the transient behavior of such a system in the molecular flow regime that allows an analytical solution with the help of Greens functions. They describe the temporal evolution of the gas density and the gas flow ejected from the ends of thin pipes of finite length. Distributed pumping, for example through the HOM damping slits is taken into account. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRO078  
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THPME104 Investigation of Beam Instabilities at DELTA using Bunch-by-bunch Feedback Systems feedback, synchrotron, storage-ring, booster 3486
 
  • M. Höner, S. Hilbrich, H. Huck, M. Huck, S. Khan, C. Mai, A. Meyer auf der Heide, R. Molo, H. Rast, M. Sommer, P. Ungelenk
    DELTA, Dortmund, Germany
  
  Funding: Work supported by the BMBF (05K13PEC).
At the 1.5-GeV electron storage ring DELTA operated by the TU Dortmund University as a synchrotron radiation user facility, bunch-by-bunch feedback systems are in use for electron beam diagnostics and for the suppression of multibunch instabilities. An automatic readout of bunch position data allows a real-time modal analysis during machine operation. An excitation of particular multibunch modes enables the determination of growth and damping times for all modes independently. Further investigations of beam stability and natural damping times of all modes even below the instability threshold have been performed. In addition, first bunch-by-bunch data taken from the booster synchrotron are shown. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME104  
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THPME189 Simulation Studies of Diffraction Radiation radiation, electron, target, simulation 3722
 
  • T. Aumeyr, R. Ainsworth, P. Karataev
    Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, United Kingdom
  • M.G. Billing
    Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
  • L.M. Bobb, B. Bolzon, T. Lefèvre, S. Mazzoni
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  Transition Radiation (TR) and Diffraction Radiation (DR) are produced when a relativistic charged particle moves through a medium or in the vicinity of a medium respectively. The target atoms are polarised by the electric field of the charged particle, which then oscillate thus emitting radiation with a very broad spectrum. The spatial-spectral properties of TR/DR are sensitive to various electron beam parameters. Several projects aim to measure the transverse (vertical) beam size using TR or DR. This paper reports on recent studies using Zemax, presenting studies on finite beam sizes and the orientation of the beam ellipse.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME189  
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THPRI003 Beam-beam Simulation Study for CEPC simulation, luminosity, collider, dynamic-aperture 3763
 
  • Y. Zhang
    IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
  • K. Ohmi, D. Zhou
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  • D.N. Shatilov
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
  
  CEPC is an Circular Electron Positron Collider proposed to carry out high precision study on Higgs bosons. It is similar to TLEP project , the luminosity and beam lifetime may be determined by the beamstrahlung effect. We try to check the resonability of the machine parameters with weak-strong and strong-strong simulation. At the same time we also do some cross-check between different codes. We wish the work could help determine the beam parameters which could achieve design luminosity.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI003  
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THPRI042 Design and RF Test of Damped C-Band Accelerating Structures for the ELI-NP Linac HOM, operation, linac, vacuum 3856
 
  • D. Alesini, S. Bini, R. D. Di Raddo, V.L. Lollo, L. Pellegrino
    INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy
  • L. Ficcadenti, V. Pettinacci
    INFN-Roma, Roma, Italy
  • L. Palumbo
    URLS, Rome, Italy
  • L. Serafini
    Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Milano, Italy
  
  The linac energy booster of the European ELI-NP proposal foresees the use of 12 traveling wave C-Band structures, 1.8 m long with a field phase advance per cell of 2pi/3 and a repetition rate of 100 Hz. Because of the multi-bunch operation, the structures have been designed with a damping of the HOM dipoles modes in order to avoid beam break-up (BBU). They are quasi-constant gradient structures with symmetric inputs couplers and a strong damping of the HOM in each cell. An optimization of the electromagnetic and mechanical design has been done to simplify the fabrication and to reduce their cost. In the paper we shortly review the whole design criteria and we illustrate the low and high power RF test results on prototypes that shown the feasibility of the structure realization and the effectiveness of the HOM damping.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI042  
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THPRI111 Higher Order Mode Absorbers for High Current ERL Applications HOM, cavity, linac, cryomodule 4037
 
  • R.G. Eichhorn, J.V. Conway, Y. He, Y. Li, T.I. O'Connel, P. Quigley, J. Sears, V.D. Shemelin
    Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
  
  Efficient damping of the higher-order modes (HOMs) of the superconducting cavities is essential for any high current linac, especially for the proposed energy recovery linac at Cornell that aims for high beam currents and short bunches. This contribution will present the design and first result on the HOM absorbers built for the Main Linac Cryomodule (MLC).  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI111  
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THPRI112 Basic Research on RF Absorbing Ceramics for Beam Line HOM Absorbers HOM, vacuum, higher-order-mode, linac 4040
 
  • R.G. Eichhorn, P. Quigley, V.D. Shemelin
    Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
  • M. Carty
    Alfred University, Alfred, New York, USA
  • J. Matteson, A. Rae
    NanoMaterials Innovation Center LLC, Painted Post, USA
  
  Higher Order Mode (HOM) absorbers for future high current machines have been a challenging component for many years. Even though many different materials are commercially, none of them seems to fully qualify for accelerator applications. Some of them are brittle or chippy, others porous, have small bandwidth of absorption, a high dc resistivity leading to charge-up or are unreliable in terms of batch to batch variations. Alfred University and Cornell University have recently partnered in developing a dedicated absorber ceramic material that tries to overcome these limitations. We will report on results from small samples of different compositions we produced based on SiC, graphene and graphite.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI112  
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