Keyword: cryomodule
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MOYBA02 New Design Approaches for High Intensity Superconducting Linacs – The New ESS Linac Design linac, cavity, klystron, emittance 23
 
  • D.P. McGinnis
    ESS, Lund, Sweden
  
  The cost of the next generation of high intensity accelerators has become so large that no single institution can solely afford to fund the construction of the project. To fund these large projects, institutions have embarked on forming ambitious collaboration structures with other laboratories. To induce other laboratories to join the collaboration, compromises must be made in the accelerator technical design to offer interesting and challenging projects to partner institutions. The cost of high intensity hadron accelerators is largely driven by RF system. A new design philosophy different from the traditional approach is emerging for the high intensity frontier machines. Emittance preservation is often less of an issue as long as beam losses are kept low. At ESS modifications were introduced to the linac design. One of the major changes is the reduction of final energy and an increase of gradient and beam current. As a result the design now meets the cost objective but for the price of a higher risk. The accelerator system designer must then try to balance the cost and technical risks while also satisfying the interests and external goals of the partner laboratories.  
slides icon Slides MOYBA02 [2.277 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOYBA02  
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TUOBA02 Design Study of an ERL Test Facility at CERN electron, cavity, linac, optics 921
 
  • E. Jensen, C. Bracco, O.S. Brüning, R. Calaga, N. Catalán Lasheras, B. Goddard, R. Torres-Sanchez, A. Valloni
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • M. Klein
    The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
  
  The modern concept of an Energy Recovery Linac allows providing large electron currents at large beam energy with low power consumption. This concept is used in FEL’s, electron-ion colliders and electron coolers. CERN has started a Design Study of an ERL Test Facility with the purpose of 1) studying the ERL principle, its specific beam dynamics and operational issues, as relevant for LHeC, 2) providing a test bed for superconducting cavity modules, cryogenics and integration, 3) studying beam induced quenches in superconducting magnets and protection methods, 4) providing test beams for detector R&D and other applications. It will be complementary to existing or planned facilities and is fostering international collaboration. The operating frequency of 802 MHz was chosen for performance and for optimum synergy with SPS and LHC; the design of the cryomodule has started. The ERL Test Facility can be constructed in stages from initially 150 MeV to ultimately 1 GeV in 3 passes, with beam currents of up to 80 mA. Parameters to serve the above-mentioned purposes are well defined and possible lattice designs have well advanced.  
slides icon Slides TUOBA02 [14.419 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUOBA02  
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TUOCA01 The Linac Coherent Light Source-II Project linac, electron, undulator, laser 935
 
  • J.N. Galayda
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by US DOE Contract DE-AC02-766SF00515
The “Linac Coherent Light Source–II” Project, initiated in September 2010, has gone through a radical transformation beginning in August 2013. In its new form, LCLS-II will construct a 4 GeV CW superconducting linac in the first kilometre of the existing linac tunnel. A new undulator, optimized as a soft x-ray (200-1,300 eV) source, will receive electrons from the new SC linac. The existing undulator system will be replaced with a new variable gap device, which will receive electrons from either the new SC linac (providing 1-5 keV photons) or the copper linac presently used by LCLS (providing 1-25 keV x-rays). First light from the new facility is expected in September 2019.
galayda@slac.stanford.edu 		 
slides icon Slides TUOCA01 [9.380 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUOCA01  
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TUPRI092 Improvement of the Position Monitor using White Light Interferometer for Measuring Precise Movement of Compact ERL Superconducting Cavities in Cryomodule target, cavity, linac, operation 1787
 
  • H. Sakai, K. Enami, T. Furuya, M. Satoh, K. Shinoe, K. Umemori
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  • T. Aoto, K. Hayashi, K. Kanzaki
    Tokyo Seimitsu Co. Ltd, Ibaraki, Japan
  • E. Cenni
    Sokendai, Ibaraki, Japan
  • M. Sawamura
    JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan
  
  Alignment of superconducting cavities is one of the important issues for linear collider and/or future light source like ERL and X-FEL. To measure the cavity displacement under cooling to liquid He temperature more precisely, we newly developed the position monitor by using white light interferometer. This monitor is based on the measurement of the interference of light between the measurement target and the reference point. It can measure the position from the outside of the cryomodule. We applied this monitor to the main linac cryomodule of Compact ERL (cERL) and successfully measured the displacement during 2K cooling with the resolution of 10um. However, some drift come from outer temperature and humidity were observed. In this paper, we describe the upgraded version of this monitor to suppress these drift for cERL beam operation.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRI092  
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WEOBA02 Superconducting Linac for Rare Isotope Science Project linac, cavity, ion, proton 1861
 
  • H.J. Kim, H.J. Cha, M.O. Hyun, H. Jang, H.C. Jung, Y. Kim, M. Lee, G.-T. Park
    IBS, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
  
  Rare Isotope Science Project (RISP) has been proposed as a multi-purpose accelerator facility for providing beams of exotic rare isotopes of various energies. The RISP driver linac which is used to accelerate the beam, for an example, Uranium ions from 0.5 MeV/u to 200 MeV/u consists of superconducting RF cavities and warm quadrupole magnets for focusing heavy ion beams. Requirement of the linac design is especially high for acceleration of multiple charge beams. In this paper, we present the status of RISP linac design and the development of superconducting cavity and cryomodule.  
slides icon Slides WEOBA02 [9.226 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEOBA02  
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WEIB04 Challenges of the XFEL Cryomodule Integration and Industry Transfer operation, cavity, alignment, target 1929
 
  • F. Chastel, P. Pluvy, H. Rocipon
    ALSYOM, Argebteuil, France
  
  The construction of the European XFEL Accelerator is based on in-kind contributions shared by several institutes throughout Europe and Russia. Within the French contribution, CEA is responsible for the assembly, in a dedicated facility located in Saclay, of the up to 100 cryomodules constituting the Linac. Since 2012, ALSYOM has been selected as the industrial partner for such assembly works. This presentation will detail the organization set up for this partnership and the related challenges of this transfer to Industry.  
slides icon Slides WEIB04 [1.962 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEIB04  
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WEPME012 Solid-State Amplifier Development at FREIA operation, impedance, network, vacuum 2282
 
  • D.S. Dancila, A. Rydberg
    Uppsala University, Department of Engineering Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
  • A. Eriksson, V.A. Goryashko, L.F. Haapala, R.J.M.Y. Ruber, R. Wedberg, R.A. Yogi, V.G. Ziemann
    Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
  
  The FREIA laboratory is a Facility for REsearch Instrumentation and Accelerator development at Uppsala University, Sweden, constructed recently to test and develop superconducting accelerating cavities and their high power RF sources. FREIA's activity target initially the European Spallation Source (ESS) requirements for testing spoke cavities and RF power stations, typically 400 kW per cavity. Different power stations will be installed at the FREIA laboratory. The first one is based on vacuum tubes and the second on a combination of solid state modules. In this context, we investigate different related aspects, such as power generation and power combination. For the characterization of solid-state amplifier modules in pulsed mode, at ESS specifications, we implemented a Hot S-parameters measurement set-up, allowing in addition the measurement of different parameters, such as gain and efficiency. We developed also a new solid-state amplifier module at 352 MHz, using commercially available LDMOS transistors. Preliminary results show a drain efficiency of 71% at 1300 W pulsed output power.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPME012  
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WEPME039 Leak Propagation Dynamics for the HIE-ISOLDE Superconducting Linac vacuum, linac, simulation, cathode 2351
 
  • G. Vandoni, M. Ady, M.A. Hermann, R. Kersevan, D.T. Ziemianski
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  In order to cope with space limitations of existing infrastructure, the cryomodules of the HIE-Isolde superconducting linac feature a common insulation and beam vacuum, imposing the severe cleanliness standard of RF cavities to the whole cryostat. Protection of the linac vacuum against air-inrush from the three experimental stations through the HEBT lines relies on fast valves, triggered by fast cold cathode gauges. To evaluate the leak propagation velocity as a function of leak size and geometry of the lines, a computational and experimental investigation is being carried out at CERN. A 28 m long tube is equipped with strain gauges installed on thin-walled flanges, as well as fast reacting glow discharge and cold-cathode gauges. A leak is opened by the effect of a cutting pendulum, equipped with an accelerometer for data acquisition triggering, on a thin aluminium window followed by a calibrated orifice. The air inrush dynamics is simulated by Test-Particle Monte Carlo in the molecular regime and by Finite Elements fluid dynamics in the viscous regime.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPME039  
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WEPME046 The HIE-Isolde Vacuum System vacuum, linac, controls, operation 2372
 
  • G. Vandoni, S. Blanchard, P. Chiggiato, K. Radwan
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  The High Intensity and Energy Isolde (HIE-Isolde) project aims at increasing the energy and intensity of the radioactive ion beams (RIB) delivered by the present Rex-Isolde facility. Energy up to 10MeV/amu will be reached by a new post-accelerating, superconducting (SC) linac. Beam will be delivered via a HEBT to three experimental stations for nuclear physics. To keep the SC linac compact and avoid cold-warm transitions, the cryomodules feature a common beam and insulation vacuum. Radioactive ion beams require a hermetically sealed vacuum, with transfer of the effluents to the nuclear ventilation chimney. Hermetically sealed, dry, gas transfer vacuum pumps are preferred to gas binding pumps, for an optimized management of radioactive contamination risk during maintenance and intervention. The vacuum system of the SC-linac is isolated by two fast valves, triggered by fast reacting cold cathode gauges installed on the warm linac, the HEBT and the experimental stations. Rough pumping is distributed, while the HEBT turbomolecular pumps also share a common backing line. Slow pumpdown and ventilation of the cryomodules are studied to avoid particulate movement in the viscous regime.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPME046  
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WEPME065 European XFEL RF Gun Commissioning and LLRF Linac Installation LLRF, gun, linac, klystron 2427
 
  • J. Branlard, G. Ayvazyan, V. Ayvazyan, L. Butkowski, M.K. Grecki, M. Hoffmann, F. Ludwig, U. Mavrič, S. Pfeiffer, H. Schlarb, Ch. Schmidt, H.C. Weddig, B.Y. Yang
    DESY, Hamburg, Germany
  • S. Bou Habib, K. Czuba, M. Grzegrzółka, E. Janas, J. Piekarski, I. Rutkowski, R. Rybaniec, D. Sikora, L.Z. Zembala, M. Żukociński
    Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Electronic Systems, Warsaw, Poland
  • W. Cichalewski, D.R. Makowski, A. Mielczarek, P. Perek, A. Piotrowski, T. Pożniak
    TUL-DMCS, Łódź, Poland
  • S. Korolczuk, I.M. Kudla, J. Szewiński
    NCBJ, Świerk/Otwock, Poland
  • K. Oliwa, W. Wierba
    IFJ-PAN, Kraków, Poland
  
  The European x-ray free electron laser (XFEL) is based on a 17.5 GeV super conducting pulsed linac and is scheduled to deliver its first beam in 2016. The first component of its accelerator chain, the RF gun, was installed in fall of 2013 and its commissioning is underway. This contribution gives an update on the low level radio frequency (LLRF) system development and installation for the XFEL. In particular, the installation, performance and conditioning results of the RF gun are presented. The subsequent steps toward LLRF components mass-production, testing and installation for the XFEL linac are also explained.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPME065  
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WEPRI001 Clean Room Integration of the European XFEL Cavity Strings cavity, vacuum, quadrupole, alignment 2474
 
  • S. Berry, O. Napoly, B. Visentin
    CEA/DSM/IRFU, France
  • F. Chastel, A. Clippet, M. Mbeleg, P. Pluvy
    ALSYOM, Argebteuil, France
  • C. Cloué, C. Madec, T. Trublet
    CEA/IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
  
  The 101 cryomodules of the XFEL cold linac will be integrated at Saclay under the CEA responsability by the industrial operator ALSYOM, at the production rate of cryomodule per week. Each cryomodule includes a string of 8 Niobium superconducting cavities and a BPM-quadripole unit (downstream end). To avoid particle contamination of the RF cavities, the strings are assembled in an ISO4 cleanroom by following strict cleaning and high-vacuum procedures. The major technical challenge of the string integration thus lies in the capacity to realize 25 connections in two weeks while protecting the cavity and coupler RF surfaces and to check their leak-tightness up to 10-10 hPA.l/s. The partial demonstration was made by the CEA team with the first pre-series module XM-3 which achieves a total accelerating voltage of 232 MV preserving the individual performances of cavities. In this paper the status and challenges of the production line is presented, including the quality management, equipment and operator training aspects. The optimisation process toward a faster assembly while preserving or actually decreasing the cavity exposure to contamination sources is also described.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRI001  
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WEPRI002 Status and First Results of Two High Beta Prototype Elliptical Cavities for ESS cavity, accelerating-gradient, operation, niobium 2477
 
  • F. Peauger, P. Bosland, P. Carbonnier, G. Devanz, F. Éozénou, X. Hanus, P. Hardy, V.M. Hennion, J. Plouin, D. Roudier, C. Servouin
    CEA/DSM/IRFU, France
  • C. Darve, S. Molloy
    ESS, Lund, Sweden
  • L. Maurice
    CEA/IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
  • G. Olivier
    IPN, Orsay, France
  
  Two prototypes of elliptical superconducting cavities have been designed and manufactured in the frame of the French-Swedish agreement for ESS. These 5-cell cavities have a beta value of 0.86 and their frequency is 704.42 MHz. The nominal accelerating gradient on the ESS accelerator is 19.9 MV/m at 2K. We present the manufacturing status of the cavities by two different vendors as well as the specific means which have been developed for the cavity treatments performed at CEA after delivery. We emphasis the activities performed on the first bare cavities recently received at CEA such as the RF measurement and tuning operations, the cleaning and chemical treatments and the clean room assembly including high pressure rinsing. Finally, first test results at 2K in vertical cryostat are reported.  
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WEPRI013 Investigation of Cryomodules for the Mainz Energy-recovering Superconducting Accelerator MESA linac, HOM, operation, higher-order-mode 2505
 
  • F. Schlander, K. Aulenbacher, R.G. Heine, D. Simon
    IKP, Mainz, Germany
  • A. Arnold
    HZDR, Dresden, Germany
  
  Funding: Work supported by the German Federal Ministery of Education and Research (BMBF) and German Research Foundation (DFG) under the Cluster of Excellence "PRISMA"
For the multiturn accelerator MESA it is planned to employ superconducting technology for the main linac, which is supposed to provide an energy gain of 50 MeV per turn. As continuous wave operation is mandatory for the experiments, it is important to minimise the cryogenic losses, hence to find cavities and the corresponding cryomodule meeting the framework conditions for the accelerator. The findings and the current statuts will be reported. 		 
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WEPRI026 Mechanical Vibration Search of Compact ERL Main Linac Superconducting Cavities in Cryomodule cavity, LLRF, operation, linac 2531
 
  • M. Satoh, K. Enami, T. Furuya, S. Michizono, T. Miura, F. Qiu, H. Sakai, K. Shinoe, K. Umemori
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  • E. Cenni
    Sokendai, Ibaraki, Japan
  • M. Sawamura
    JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan
  
  In 2014, we will start the beam operation in Compact ERL(cERL) by using main linac cryomodule, which contained the two 9-cell cavities. In principle, thanks to the mechanism of energy recovery, the input power of main linac of cERL is very small even if the beam current will be higher than 100mA. Therefore, the coupling is very weak. However, this coupling is perfectly not matched to the unloaded Q-value of the superconducting cavity like 1x1010. The minimum input power will be restricted by the cavity detuning due to the microphonics from the cryomodule itself. We designed the lower loaded Q-valued of (1-4)x107 to reduce the effect of the michrophonics from the expected outer disturbance At present, we successfully suppressed the michrophonics to meet our requirement. However we found the enhancement of the detuning angle when we did not optimize the feedback loop of LLRF. This enhancement will be expected coming from the mechanical resonance frequencies of cavity and/or cryomodule. In this paper, we reported the correlation between the measured microphincs spectrum with LLRF in a beam operation and the results of the measured resonance frequencies spectrum at the test bench.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRI026  
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WEPRI028 Operation Status of Compact ERL Main Linac Cryomodule operation, linac, radiation, cavity 2537
 
  • K. Umemori, K. Enami, T. Furuya, S. Michizono, T. Miura, F. Qiu, H. Sakai, M. Satoh, K. Shinoe
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  • E. Cenni
    Sokendai, Ibaraki, Japan
  • M. Sawamura
    JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan
  
  We have developed a main linac cryomodule, in which two nine-cell HOM damped SRF cavities were mounted, for the Compact ERL (cERL) project in Japan. The main linac cryomodule is operated by a 2K refrigerator system, whose cooling ability is 80W. RF power is fed to each cavity from an IOT or a solid state amplifier. Amplitude and phase of RF stabilization is done by using a digital LLRF system. Cavity resonant frequency is controlled by using mechanical and piezo tuners. Before beam operation, performance test of the cryomodule has been carried out. Generally the cryomodule works well, but heavy field emission is rather problem. After construction of cERL circulation ring, we have a plan to do first beam operation with energy recovery mode, in this winter. Electron beam are accelerated up to 20 MeV. Heavy heat load to 2K Helium, caused by field emission, restrict cavity operation voltage. We report about a series of performance tests and a first experiment from beam operation.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRI028  
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WEPRI032 First Cryomodule Test at AMTF Hall for The European X-ray Free Electron Laser (XFEL) vacuum, free-electron-laser, cavity, laser 2546
 
  • K. Kasprzak, B. Dzieza, W. Gaj, D. Karolczyk, L.M. Kolwicz-Chodak, A. Kotarba, A. Krawczyk, K. Krzysik, W. Maciocha, A. Marendziak, K. Myalski, S. Myalski, T. Ostrowicz, B. Prochal, M. Sienkiewicz, M. Skiba, J. Świerbleski, M. Wiencek, J. Zbroja, P. Ziolkowski, A. Zwozniak
    IFJ-PAN, Kraków, Poland
  
  The Accelerator Module Test Facility (AMTF) at DESY in Hamburg is dedicated to the tests of RF cavities and accelerating cryomodules for the European X-ray Free Electron Laser (XFEL). The AMTF hall is equipped with two vertical cryostats, which are used for RF cavities testing and three test benches that will be used for tests of the accelerating cryomodules. Recently, the first cryomodule teststand (XATB3) was commissioned and the first XFEL cryomodule (XM-2) was tested by team of physicists, engineers and technicians from The Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences in Kraków, Poland, as a part of Polish in-kind contribution to XFEL. This paper describes the preparation for the cryomodule test, differences with the old teststands CryoModule Test Bench (CMTB), the cryomodule test and the test procedure updates done at the AMTF test bench. The first test of the accelerating cryomodule on the AMTF was successfully performed and the preliminary test results are presented.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRI032  
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WEPRI036 Fabrication Design of QWR and HWR Cryomodules vacuum, linac, cavity, cryogenics 2555
 
  • W.K. Kim, H. Kim, H.J. Kim, Y. Kim, M. Lee, G.-T. Park
    IBS, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
  
  The superconducting linac of RAON consists of five types of cryomodules. The cryomodules host QWR, HWR1, HWR2, SSR1, and SSR2 superconducting cavities. The cryomodules will be operated at 2K in order to test the performance of the superconducting cavities. The design of the cryomodule components is based on thermal shield to prevent incoming heat, two-phase pipe to supply superfluid helium, vacuum vessel for the formation of the internal vacuum, supporter parts for alignment and keeping structure, and magnetic shield to prevent external magnetic field. The detailed fabrication design of the cryomodules will be presented in this paper.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRI036  
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WEPRI042 Nb Coated HIE-ISOLDE QWR Superconducting Accelerating Cavities: From Process Development to Series Production cavity, niobium, cathode, SRF 2571
 
  • A. Sublet, I. Aviles Santillana, B. Bártová, S. Calatroni, N.M. Jecklin, I. Mondino, M. Therasse, W. Venturini Delsolaro, P. Zhang
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • M. Cantoni
    EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
  
  The new HIE-ISOLDE accelerator at CERN requires the production of 32 superconducting cavities (20 high-beta and 12 low-beta) in order to increase the energy of the rare isotope beam delivered to the experiments. The Quarter Wave Resonators (QWRs) cavities (0.3m diameter and 0.8m height) are made of OFE 3D-forged copper and are coated by DC-bias diode sputtering with a thin superconducting layer of niobium. Following a preliminary process development phase, the series production of the high-beta cavities has started. An overview of the development phase is presented, describing the key parameters varied to match the HIE-ISOLDE specifications (operation at 4.5 K with an accelerating field of 6 MV/m at 10W RF losses and Q0=4.5x108) and the resulting niobium film characteristics. The first series of cavities, produced using the baseline coating recipe, and their RF performance is reviewed.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRI042  
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WEPRI045 Key Design Features of Crab-Cavity Cryomodule for HiLumi LHC cavity, cryogenics, radiation, HOM 2580
 
  • S.M. Pattalwar, A.J. May, P.A. McIntosh, A.E. Wheelhouse
    STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  • G. Burt, B.D.S. Hall
    Cockcroft Institute, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
  • O. Capatina
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • T.J. Jones, N. Templeton
    STFC/DL, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  • T.H. Nicol
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  
  A prototype Superconducting RF (SRF) cryomodule, comprising multiple compact crab cavities is foreseen to realise a local crab crossing scheme for the “Hi-Lumi LHC”, a project launched by CERN to increase the luminosity performance of LHC. A cryomodule with two cavities will be initially installed and tested on the SPS drive accelerator at CERN to evaluate performance with high-intensity proton beams. STFC in collaboration with, University of Lancaster, CERN and FNAL has developed a concept cryomodule that has overcome most of the critical challenges imposed by a series of boundary conditions arising from; the complexity of the cavity design, the requirement for multiple RF couplers, the close proximity to the second LHC beam pipe and the tight space constraints in the SPS tunnel. This paper highlights some of the key design features of the cryomodule with the results of the associated mechanical and thermal analysis.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRI045  
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WEPRI046 Commissioning of the ERL Cryomodule on ALICE at Daresbury Laboratory linac, cryogenics, cavity, LLRF 2583
 
  • A.E. Wheelhouse, R.K. Buckley, S.R. Buckley, P.A. Corlett, L.S. Cowie, P. Goudket, A.R. Goulden, L. Ma, P.A. McIntosh, A.J. Moss, S.M. Pattalwar
    STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  
  The ERL cryomodule with two identical 7-cell, 1.3 GHz cavities developed as part of a international collaborative program has been installed in the linac stage on the ALICE (Accelerators and Lasers in Combined Experiments) facility at Daresbury Laboratory replacing the existing 9-cell cryomodule. The cavities have been cooled to 2 K and commissioning of the cryomodule is underway. This paper describes the conditioning and the characterisation tests performed on the two superconducting RF cavities.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRI046  
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WEPRI048 Testing and Dressed Cavity Design for the HL-LHC 4R Crab Cavity cavity, HOM, luminosity, dipole 2589
 
  • B.D.S. Hall, G. Burt
    Cockcroft Institute, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
  • R. Calaga, S. Calatroni, E. Jensen, A. Macpherson, M. Navarro-Tapia
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • T.J. Jones, N. Templeton
    STFC/DL, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  • A.J. May, P.A. McIntosh, S.M. Pattalwar, A.E. Wheelhouse
    STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  
  The High luminosity upgrade to the LHC (HL-LHC) calls for crab cavities to reduce the luminosity loss due to the crossing angle and help provide luminosity levelling. The 4 Rod Crab Cavity (4RCC) is one of three proposed options under consideration. A bare cavity has been prototyped and has undergone recent vertical tests and the results are presented. The dressed cavity includes a power coupler, a lower order mode coupler and two HOM couplers will be presented and discussed.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRI048  
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WEPRI051 Results from RF Tests of the First US-built High-gradient Superconducting Cryomodule cavity, SRF, cryogenics, linear-collider 2598
 
  • A. Hocker, C.M. Baffes, K. Carlson, B. Chase, D.J. Crawford, E. Cullerton, D.R. Edstrom, E.R. Harms, T. Kubicki, M.J. Kucera, J.R. Leibfritz, J.N. Makara, D. McDowell, O.A. Nezhevenko, D.J. Nicklaus, H. Pfeffer, Y.M. Pischalnikov, P.S. Prieto, J. Reid, W. Schappert, P. Stabile, P. Varghese
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  
  Funding: United States Department of Energy, Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359
Fermilab has built a cryomodule comprised of eight 1.3 GHz superconducting RF cavities for use in its Advanced Superconducting Test Accelerator (ASTA) facility. This cryomodule (RFCA002) was intended to achieve the International Linear Collider (ILC) “S1” goal of demonstrating an average accelerating gradient of 31.5 MV/m, and is the first of its kind built in the United States. The module has been cooled down and operated without beam at ASTA in order to assess its performance. The results from these tests are presented here. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRI051  
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WEPRI052 SRF Systems for ASTA at Fermilab cavity, operation, SRF, electron 2601
 
  • E.R. Harms, C.M. Baffes, K. Carlson, B. Chase, D.J. Crawford, E. Cullerton, D.R. Edstrom, M. Geynisman, A. Hocker, A.L. Klebaner, M.J. Kucera, J.R. Leibfritz, J.N. Makara, D. McDowell, S. Nagaitsev, O.A. Nezhevenko, D.J. Nicklaus, H. Pfeffer, Y.M. Pischalnikov, P.S. Prieto, J. Reid, W. Schappert, P. Stabile, P. Varghese
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  
  Funding: Operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy.
The Advanced Superconducting Test Accelerator (ASTA) at Fermilab now being commissioned is comprised of a number of superconducting RF systems including single-cavity cryomodules and a TESLA/ILC style 8-cavity cryomodule. Two of them, 'Capture Cavity 2' and 'Cryomodule 2', have been cooled to 2 Kelvin and brought into operation. We provide an overview of the unique characteristics of each of the systems, commissioning experience, and latest results including their respective operating characteristics. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRI052  
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WEPRI058 Commissioning Status of the Advanced Superconducting Test Accelerator at Fermilab gun, laser, cavity, cathode 2615
 
  • J. Ruan, R. Andrews, C.M. Baffes, D.R. Broemmelsiek, K. Carlson, B. Chase, M.D. Church, D.J. Crawford, E. Cullerton, J.S. Diamond, N. Eddy, D.R. Edstrom, E.R. Harms, A. Hocker, A.S. Johnson, A.L. Klebaner, M.J. Kucera, J.R. Leibfritz, A.H. Lumpkin, J.N. Makara, S. Nagaitsev, O.A. Nezhevenko, D.J. Nicklaus, L.E. Nobrega, P.S. Prieto, J. Reid, J.K. Santucci, G. Stancari, D. Sun, M. Wendt, S.J. Wesseln
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  • P. Piot
    Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, USA
  
  Funding: *Operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy.
The Advanced Superconducting Test Accelerator (ASTA) is under construction at Fermilab. This accelerator will consist of a photo-electron gun, injector, ILC-type cryomodules, and multiple downstream beam-lines. Its purpose is to be a user-based facility for Advanced Accelerator R&D. . Following the successful commissioning of the photoinjector gun, a Tesla style 8-cavity cryomodule and a high gradient capture cavity have been cooled down to 2 K and powered commissioning and performance characterization has begun. We will report on the commissioning status and near-term future plans for the facility. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRI058  
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WEPRI061 Cornell's Main Linac Cryomodule for the Energy Recovery Linac Project linac, cavity, vacuum, alignment 2624
 
  • R.G. Eichhorn, B. Bullock, J.V. Conway, B. Elmore, F. Furuta, Y. He, G.H. Hoffstaetter, J.J. Kaufman, M. Liepe, T.I. O'Connel, P. Quigley, D.M. Sabol, J. Sears, E.N. Smith, V. Veshcherevich
    Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
  
  Cornell University has been designing and building superconducting accelerators for various applications for more than 50 years. Currently, an energy-recovery linac (ERL) based synchrotron-light facility is proposed making use of the existing CESR facility. As part of the phase 1 R&D program funded by the NSF, critical challenges in the design were addressed, one of them being a full linac cryo-module. It houses 6 superconducting cavities- operated at 1.8 K in continuous wave (CW) mode - with individual HOM absorbers and one magnet/ BPM section. Pushing the limits, a high quality factor of the cavities (2•1010) and high beam currents (100 mA accelerated plus 100 mA decelerated) are targeted. We will present the status of the main linac cryomodule (MLC) fabrication and the findings on the cavity performance and component testing.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRI061  
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WEPRI062 The Joint High Q0 R&D Program for LCLS-II cavity, linac, SRF, factory 2627
 
  • M. Liepe, R.G. Eichhorn, F. Furuta, G.M. Ge, D. Gonnella, G.H. Hoffstaetter
    Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
  • A.C. Crawford, A. Grassellino, A. Hocker, O.S. Melnychuk, A. Romanenko, A.M. Rowe, D.A. Sergatskov
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  • R.L. Geng, A.D. Palczewski, C.E. Reece
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  • M.C. Ross
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  
  The superconducting RF linac for LCLS-II calls for 1.3 GHz 9-cell cavities with an average intrinsic quality factor Q0 of 2.7·1010 at 2K and 16 MV/m accelerating gradient. A collaborative effort between Cornell University, FNAL, and JLab has been set up with the goal of developing and demonstrating a cavity treatment protocol for the LCLS-II cavities meeting these specifications. The high Q0 treatment protocol is based on nitrogen doping of the RF surface layer during a high temperature heat treatment. This novel SRF cavity preparation was recently developed at FNAL and shown to result in SRF cavities of very high Q0 at 2K with an increase in Q0 from low to medium fields. N-doped single cell cavities at Cornell, FNAL, and JLab routinely exceed LCLS-II specification. 9-cell N-doped cavities at FNAL achieve an average Q0(T=2K, 16 MV/m) of ≈ 3.4·1010 with an average quench field of ≈ 19 MV/m, meeting therefore overall with good margin the LCLS-II specification.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRI062  
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WEPRI073 High Order Modes Survey and Mitigation of the CEBAF C100 Cryomodules HOM, cavity, impedance, survey 2660
 
  • J. Guo, M. Stirbet, H. Wang, S. Wang
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  
  Funding: Funding Agency: Authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177
Ten new C100 cryomodules have been installed for the CEBAF 12GeV upgrade in the last few years. The high order modes (HOM) of these cryomodules need to be controlled to avoid beam breakup (BBU) instability. We surveyed the HOM for all the 80 cavities of the C100 modules in both the JLab cryomodule test facility (CMTF) and the CEBAF tunnel. Additional measures such as waveguide filters were applied to bring down out of spec modes. In this paper, we will present the HOM survey setup and results. The mitigation measures and their effects will also be discussed. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRI073  
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WEPRI074 Status of SRF Facilities at SNS cavity, SRF, operation, controls 2663
 
  • J. Saunders, R. Afanador, B. DeGraff, C.J. McMahan
    ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  • M.T. Crofford, M. Doleans, M.P. Howell, S.-H. Kim, S.W. Lee, T.S. Neustadt, S.E. Stewart, W.H. Strong
    ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  
  Funding: This work was supported by SNS through UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 for the U.S. DOE.
As a part or an ongoing process to maintain and improve the performance of its Superconducting Linac (SCL) the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) is building facilities for processing and testing Superconducting Radio Frequency (SRF) cavities. Recently both a High Pressure Rinse (HPR) tool and a Vertical Test Apparatus (VTA) have been built and commissioned. The HPR is a commercially fabricated piece of equipment which is customized for the SNS application. The VTA was specified, designed and developed by the SNS. This paper will outline the design features as well as the commissioning results for both systems. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRI074  
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WEPRI081 Mechanical Design of the 704 MHz 5-cell SRF Cavity Cold Mass for CeC PoP Experiment cavity, SRF, experiment, electron 2678
 
  • J.C. Brutus, S.A. Belomestnykh, I. Ben-Zvi, Y. Huang, V. Litvinenko, I. Pinayev, J. Skaritka, L. Snydstrup, R. Than, J.E. Tuozzolo, W. Xu
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
  • T.L. Grimm, R. Jecks, J.A. Yancey
    Niowave, Inc., Lansing, Michigan, USA
  
  Funding: * Work is supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the US DOE.
A 5-cell SRF cavity operating at 704 MHz will be used for the Coherent Electron Cooling Proof of Principle (CeC PoP) system under development for the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory. The CeC PoP experiment will demonstrate the new technique of cooling proton and ion beams that may increase the beam luminosity in certain cases, by as much as tenfold. The 704 MHz cavity will accelerate 2 MeV electrons from a 112 MHz SRF gun up 22 MeV. Novel mechanical designs, including a super fluid heat exchanger, helium vessel, vacuum vessel and tuner mechanism are presented. Structural and thermal analysis, using ANSYS were performed to confirm the mechanical tuning system structural stability. This paper provides an overview of the design, the project status and schedule of the 704 MHz 5-cell SRF for CeC PoP experiment. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRI081  
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WEPRI106 Design of Cryomoudles for RAON cavity, vacuum, linac, ion 2746
 
  • Y. Kim, C. Choi, H.M. Jang, Y.W. Jo, H.J. Kim, W.K. Kim, M. Lee
    IBS, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
  
  The accelerator will be built in Korea called RAON has four kinds of superconducting cavities such as QWR, HWR1, SSR1 and SSR2, and those cavities are operating in 2 K. The fabrication design for the SSR1 and SSR2 cryomodules are reported in this paper. The issues included in the paper are thermal and structural analysis results for the components such thermal shield, support post, two phase pipe, and so on.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRI106  
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WEPRI107 Fundamental Thermal Analysis for Cryogenic System Design radiation, cavity, cryogenics, electron 2749
 
  • H. Kim, D. Jeon, W.K. Kim, G.-T. Park, I. Shin, J.H. Shin, S.W. Yoon
    IBS, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
  
  Non-uniform temperature distribution, surface roughness, and superfluid helium level change between 2K dewar and cryomodule are most important thermal analyses in designing cryogenic system. Effective temperature for non-uniform temperature distribution is defined. Thermal radiation property from surface roughness which is related to fractional dimension is investigated. Superfluid helium level change between 2K dewar and cryomodule is shown as a function of temperature difference. Our research can be useful thermal analyses for cryogenic system design.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRI107  
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WEPRI109 The ESS Cryogenic System cryogenics, linac, target, neutron 2756
 
  • P. Arnold, J. Fydrych, W. Hees, J.M. Jurns, X. Wang, J.G. Weisend
    ESS, Lund, Sweden
  
  Cryogenic cooling is vital for large sections at ESS. The ESS cryogenic system comprises three separate helium refrigeration/liquefaction plants and an extensive cryodistribution system. Mainly there is a 2.0 GeV proton linac using superconducting RF cavities operating at 2 K. In addition to cooling the SRF cavities, cryogenics is also used for the cold hydrogen moderator surrounding the target. There is also a cryogenic installation associated with the site acceptance testing of the ESS cryomodules. ESS furthermore uses both liquid helium and liquid nitrogen in a number of the neutron instruments. The test stand cryoplant will as well provide liquid helium for neutron instrument sample environments and comprise a helium purification unit. Together with the gas management, helium recovery and a considerable cold and warm storage system, cryogenics form a substantial part of ESS. This paper describes the current conceptual design of the ESS cryogenic system including the expected heat loads and operating modes for the linac cryoplant. Challenges associated with the required high efficiency, reliability and turn-down capability will be discussed.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRI109  
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THOBB01 Pursuing the Origin and Remediation of Low Q0 observed in the Original CEBAF Cryomodules shielding, cavity, SRF, linac 2828
 
  • R.L. Geng, J.F. Fischer, C.E. Reece, A.V. Reilly
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  • F.S. He, Y.M. Li
    PKU, Beijing, People's Republic of China
  
  Funding: Authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177.
We report on results of a new investigation into the Q0 degradation phenomenon observed in original CEBAF cavities when assembled into cryomodules. As a result, the RF dissipation losses increased by roughly a factor of two. The origin of the degradation, first observed in 1994, has remained unresolved up to current period, despite much effort. Recently, a new investigation has been launched, taking advantage of the latest cryomodule to undergo refurbishment. Systematic measurements are conducted with respect to the magnetic shielding effects of the double-layer shields and the magnetic properties of various components within the inner shield. This resulted in the new discovery of strongly magnetized strut springs as a major source of remnant magnetic flux near a cavity inside of all magnetic shielding. New springs with superior magnetic properties have been found, evaluated and implemented into the current cryomodule. In this contribution, we will review the data accumulated so far. Options for complete Q0 preservation of assembled cavities and possible Q0 remediation for those 330 cavities already installed in CEBAF will be presented. 		 
slides icon Slides THOBB01 [16.521 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THOBB01  
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THOBB02 Superconducting Cavity Cryomodule Designs for the Next Generation of CW Linacs: Challenges and Options cavity, vacuum, cryogenics, operation 2831
 
  • T.H. Nicol, Y.O. Orlov, T.J. Peterson, V.P. Yakovlev
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  
  Funding: Supported by FRA under DOE Contract DE-AC02-07CH11359
The designs of nearly all superconducting RF (SRF) linacs over the last several years, with one notable exception being CEBAF at Jefferson Lab, have assumed pulsed beam operation with relatively low duty factors. These include the XFEL at DESY, the ILC, the original configuration for Project X at Fermilab, as well as several others. Recently proposed projects, on the other hand, including the LCLS-II at SLAC, the newly configured low and medium energy sections for Project X, and FRIB at Michigan State, to name a few, assume continuous wave or CW operation on quite a large scale with ambitious gradients and cavity performance requirements. This has implications in the cavity design as well as in many parts of the overall cryomodule due to higher dynamic heat loads in the cavities themselves and higher heat loads in the input and high-order-mode (HOM) couplers. Piping internal to the cryomodule, the effectiveness of thermal intercepts, the size of integrated heat exchangers, and many other aspects of the overall design are also affected. This paper will describe some of these design considerations as we move toward the next generation of accelerator projects. 		 
slides icon Slides THOBB02 [8.388 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THOBB02  
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THPRO006 Configuration Management in the Series Production of the XFEL Accelerator Modules controls, status, cavity, target 2863
 
  • L. Hagge, S. Barbanotti, S. Eucker, A. Frank, K. Jensch, J. Kreutzkamp, D. Käfer, A. Matheisen
    DESY, Hamburg, Germany
  • S. Berry, O. Napoly
    CEA/DSM/IRFU, France
  • C. Cloué, C. Madec, T. Trublet
    CEA/IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
  
  The series production of the superconducting accelerator modules for the European XFEL requires a production rate of one module per week. For this, assembly procedures have to be well-defined and repeatable, and the punctual supply of parts from the contributing institutes has to be assured. Configuration management (CM) has been introduced for clarification of responsibilities and establishing procedures. CM provides unique identification of parts, part status and location tracking, versioning of documentation, and procedures for change control, auditing and handling non-conformities. The configuration database, which is based on DESY’s Engineering Data Management System, contains the entire information which is necessary for assembling the accelerator modules. The content ranges from work instructions how to build a cryomodule up to individual records of all produced parts. Workflow and reports help tracking production progress and establishing production quality. The presentation gives an overview of the CM solution which is in place for the assembly of the XFEL accelerator modules, and reports experience and lessons learned from series production of the first modules.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRO006  
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THPRO077 The New FREIA Laboratory for Accelerator Development controls, FEL, linac, cryogenics 3059
 
  • R.J.M.Y. Ruber, A.K. Bhattacharyya, T.J.C. Ekelöf, K. Fransson, K.J. Gajewski, V.A. Goryashko, L. Hermansson, M. Jacewicz, T. Lofnes, M. Olvegård, R. Santiago Kern, R. Wedberg, R.A. Yogi, V.G. Ziemann
    Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
  • D.S. Dancila, A. Rydberg
    Uppsala University, Department of Engineering Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
  
  The FREIA laboratory is a Facility for REsearch Instrumentation and Accelerator Development at Uppsala University, Sweden constructed recently to develop and test accelerator components. Initially it will develop the RF system for the spoke cavities of the ESS linac and test prototype spoke cavities at nominal RF power. For this purpose we installed a helium liquefaction plant, a versatile horizontal test cryostat and two 352 MHz RF power stations, one based on two tetrodes and the other on solid state technology. Beyond these developments FREIA will house a neutron generator and plans for a THz FEL are under discussion. FREIA is embedded in the Ångström physics, chemistry and engineering campus at Uppsala in close proximity to mechanical workshops, clean room with electron microscopes, tandem accelerator and the biomedical center.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRO077  
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THPRO099 Toward a Virtual Accelerator Control System for the MYRRHA Linac linac, controls, operation, lattice 3122
 
  • J.-P. Carneiro
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  • J.-L. Biarrotte
    IPN, Orsay, France
  • F. Bouly
    LPSC, Grenoble Cedex, France
  • L. Medeiros Romão, R. Salemme, D. Vandeplassche
    SCK•CEN, Mol, Belgium
  • D. Uriot
    CEA/DSM/IRFU, France
  
  The MYRRHA project currently under development at Mol, Belgium, is an Accelerator Driven System expected to be operational in 2023 with the primary purpose to study the feasibility of efficiently transmuting nuclear waste products into isotopes with much shorter lifetimes. The reactor, which is expected to have a thermal power of ~70 MW, may be operated in subcritical mode when fed by spallation neutrons obtained from a 600 MeV superconducting proton linac hitting a Liquid Pb-Bi eutectic (LBE) target with an average current of 4 mA. The challenging aspect of the MYRRHA linac resides in its very high availability (close to 100%) with a Mean Time Between Failure expected to be higher than 250 hours. This paper presents the strategic approach taken during the design of the linac and its foreseen operation to fulfill this stringent requirement. In particular we will describe the concept of a beam dynamics based control system also called Virtual Accelerator which will be mandatory for the operation of such linac.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRO099  
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THPME033 Particle Tracking Studies for the LINCE SC Linac solenoid, linac, ion, lattice 3295
 
  • C. Bonțoiu, I. Martel
    University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
  • A. Falone
    TTI, Santander, Spain
  • C. Gómez
    IDOM, Bilbao, Spain
  
  Funding: Work partially supported by the Spanish Government (MINECO-CDTI) under program FEDER INTERCONNECTA.
LINCE facility makes use of a low-energy ion linac consisting of quarter-wave resonators designed for β = 0.045, 0.077 and 0.15 (72.75 and 109.125 MHz), and shielded solenoid magnets distributed along four different cryomodules. Particle tracking studies have been performed along the linac using realistic electric and magnetic field maps with and without space charge effects to prove a final energy of 8.5 and 45 MeV/u respectively for uranium ions and protons. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME033  
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THPME035 High-performance Accelerating Cryomodule for the LINCE Project solenoid, radiation, vacuum, shielding 3298
 
  • D. Gordo-Yáñez, R. Carrasco Dominguez, I. Martel, A.R. Pinto Gómez
    University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
  • C. Gómez
    IDOM, Bilbao, Spain
  
  Funding: Work partially supported by the Spanish Government (MINECO-CDTI) under program FEDER INTERCONNECTA.
The linear accelerator of LINCE consists on 26 superconducting quarter-wave resonators with three different geometric betas working at 72.75 and 109.125 MHz and three types of SC solenoids. In this paper we discuss the first cryomodule design based on thermal and mechanical studies carried out in COMSOL Multiphysics. This includes the design of cavity and solenoid cryostats, liquid-helium reservoir and layout of the cryogenic tank. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME035  
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THPME039 Requirements for ESS Superconducting Radio Frequency Linac linac, SRF, cavity, cryogenics 3311
 
  • C. Darve, M. Eshraqi, D.P. McGinnis, S. Molloy, E. Tanke
    ESS, Lund, Sweden
  
  The European Spallation Source (ESS) is a pan-European project. It will be built by at least 17 European countries, with Sweden and Denmark as host nations. The Superconducting Radio-Frequency (SRF) linac is composed of one section of spoke cavity cryomodules (352.21 MHz) and two sections of elliptical cavity cryomodules (704.42 MHz). These cryomodules contain niobium SRF cavities operating at 2 K. Following a redesign of its accelerator, SRF linac design shall comply with a new set of requirement, like an increase of the beam current from 50 mA to 62.5 mA and an increase of the peak electrical surface field from 40 MV/m to 45 MV/m. Requirements and the main disciplines needed to construct this portion of the linac are presented.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME039  
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THPME042 Preliminary Functional Analysis and Operating Modes of ESS 704 MHz Superconducting Radio-Frequency Linac controls, linac, EPICS, SRF 3317
 
  • N. Elias, C. Darve, J. Fydrych, A. Nordt, D.P. Piso
    ESS, Lund, Sweden
  
  The European Spallation Source (ESS) is one of Europe’s largest planned research infrastructures. The project is funded by a collaboration of 17 European countries and is under design and construction in Lund, Sweden. Three families of Superconducting Radio-Frequency (SRF) cavities are being prototyped, counting the spoke resonators with a geometric beta of 0.5, medium-beta elliptical cavities (β=0.67) and high beta elliptical cavities (β=0.86). The ESS linac will produce 2.86 ms long proton pulses with a repetition rate of 14 Hz (4 % duty cycle), a beam current of 62.5 mA and an average beam power of 5 MW. A control system is being developed to operate the different accelerator systems. All operating modes of the superconducting linac shall ensure a safe operation of the accelerator. This paper presents the preliminary functional analysis and the operating modes of the 704 MHz SRF linac.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME042  
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THPME138 Dynamic Comparison With XAL and Tracewin Based on the Injector-I of China ADS Test Stand lattice, cavity, linac, solenoid 3572
 
  • Y.L. Zhao, P. Cheng, H. Geng, C. Meng, S. Pei, B. Sun, H.J. Wang, B. Xu, F. Yan
    IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
  
  The injector scheme I (injector-I) of China ADS test stand is a superconducting Linac which accelerates 10mA beam to 3.2MeV, 5MeV, 10MeV, and then transports it to the dump. The dump line is designed to meet the requirement of beam expansion at the three different energies. The XAL from SNS was selected for the commissioning of China ADS. Because the beam current is so high, the nonlinear space charge force cannot be omitted. As we know, XAL calculates the space charge force with linear resolver. So, whether it could display the beam exactly enough is an important issue to consider. As a preparation for beam commissioning, the virtual accelerator in XAL frame was built and tested. Here in this paper, the envelopes of the 5MeV and 10MeV lattices from general XAL mpx application are shown and compared with the multiparticle tracking code TraceWin.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME138  
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THPRI106 Specialized Technical Services at ESS cryogenics, vacuum, target, neutron 4028
 
  • J.G. Weisend, P. Arnold, J. Fydrych, W. Hees, G. Hulla, F. Jensen, J.M. Jurns, P. Ladd, G. Lanfranco, H. Spoelstra, X. Wang
    ESS, Lund, Sweden
  
  The European Spallation Source (ESS), a world class lab for neutron science currently under construction in Lund, Sweden requires a number of technical services that extend across the various project areas (accelerator, target and neutron science). These services include: cryogenics, vacuum and technical electrical and cooling systems. This effort constitutes more than 70 million Euros of construction cost. Rather than have separate support groups in each of the project areas, ESS has created a Specialized Technical Services group within the Accelerator Division to provide these services. This approach permits standardization, development of synergies and improved communication. The STS group also provides cryomodule testing and accelerator infrastructure and installation to the accelerator project. This paper describes the scope of work, current design status and future plans for Specialized Technical services at ESS.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI106  
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THPRI111 Higher Order Mode Absorbers for High Current ERL Applications HOM, cavity, linac, damping 4037
 
  • R.G. Eichhorn, J.V. Conway, Y. He, Y. Li, T.I. O'Connel, P. Quigley, J. Sears, V.D. Shemelin
    Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
  
  Efficient damping of the higher-order modes (HOMs) of the superconducting cavities is essential for any high current linac, especially for the proposed energy recovery linac at Cornell that aims for high beam currents and short bunches. This contribution will present the design and first result on the HOM absorbers built for the Main Linac Cryomodule (MLC).  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI111  
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