IPAC2014 - List of Keywords (insertion)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOOCB02	A Common Operation Metrics for Third Generation Light Sources	operation, experiment, feedback, survey	56
	A. Lüdeke PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland M. Bieler DESY, Hamburg, Germany J.-F. Lamarre SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette, France M. Pont CELLS-ALBA Synchrotron, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
	High reliability is a very important goal for third generation light sources. Very often the beam availability is used as the operation metrics to measure the reliability of the accelerator. A survey at several light sources revealed that the calculation of this statistics varies significantly between facilities. This prevents a useful comparison of their reliabilities. The authors propose a specific metrics for the reliability of third generation light sources; a metrics that will allow a detailed and meaningful comparison of these particle accelerators.
	Slides MOOCB02 [0.701 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOOCB02
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MOPRO048	Update on Sirius, the New Brazilian Synchrotron Light Source	emittance, lattice, coupling, insertion-device	191
	L. Liu, A.P.B. Lima, N. Milas, A.H.C. Mukai, X.R. Resende, A.R.D. Rodrigues, F. H. de Sá LNLS, Campinas, Brazil
	Sirius is a 3 GeV synchrotron light source that is being built by the Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS). The electron storage ring uses the multi-bend-achromat approach (5BA in this case) to achieve a very low beam emittance of 0.28 nm.rad. The 518 m circumference contains 20 straight sections of alternating 6 and 7 meters in length, to be used for insertion devices as well as injection and RF systems. The 5BA cell is modified to accommodate a thin high field dipole (for 1.4˚ deflection) in the center of the middle bend producing hard X-ray radiation (12 keV critical energy) with a modest contribution to the total energy loss. This high field dipole (2.0 T) will be made of permanent magnet material, whereas the low field (0.58 T) ones, responsible for the main beam deflection, will be electromagnetic. Many challenges are associated with this kind of lattice, including both in beam dynamics and in accelerator engineering, that require R&D on new techniques. In this paper we discuss the main issues and achievements for Sirius during the last year.
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MOPRO050	Status of the ASTRID2 Synchrotron Light Source	controls, wiggler, operation, insertion-device	197
	J.S. Nielsen, N. Hertel, S.P. Møller ISA, Aarhus, Denmark
	With regular user beam delivered to experiments, the commissioning of the ASTRID2 synchrotron light source is now mostly completed. The ring is running stable in top-up mode for beam currents up to 90 mA, with a lifetime of ~0.8 h at 90 mA. The orbit is controlled by a 10 Hz feedback loop, which includes feed forward loops when the insertion devices change gap. A similar 10 Hz loop compensates tune and beta function changes from the insertion devices. Some issues are still remaining. These include installation of a Landau cavity for lifetime improvements, a reduction in the heating of the in-vacuum ferrites of the injection bumpers, and a shielding of the stray magnetic field from the booster dipoles.
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MOPRO079	Design of Ultra-low Emittance Ring with Multi-bend Lattice on a Torus-knot	lattice, emittance, quadrupole, sextupole	271
	A. Miyamoto, S. Sasaki HSRC, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
	We proposed a torus knot type synchrotron radiation ring in that the beam orbit does not close in one turn but closes after multiple turns around the ring. Currently, we are designing a new ring based on the shape of a (11, 3) torus knot for our future plan ‘HiSOR-II.’ This ring is mid-low energy light source ring with a beam energy of 700 MeV. Recently some light source rings are achieving very low emittance that reaches a diffraction limited light by adopting a multi-bend scheme to the arc section of the ring. It is not difficult for low-mid energy VUV-SX light source ring because the electron beam less than 10 nmrad can provide the diffraction limited light in the energy less than 10eV. However the multi-bend lattice has many families of the magnets, therefore it is not easy to decide the parameters of the lattice. Especially, it is difficult for the torus knot type SR ring because there is a lot of geometric limitation around the cross points of orbits. We present the details of the designing procedure and the specifications of the ultra-low emittance light source ring having innovatively odd shape.
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MOPRO099	Long-term Stability of the Diamond Light Source Storage Ring	survey, storage-ring, alignment, emittance	319
	M. Apollonio, K.A.R. Baker, R. Bartolini, W.J. Hoffman, J. Kay, V.C. Kempson, I.P.S. Martin DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom R. Bartolini JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom
	The Diamond Storage Ring (SR) has been in operation since January 2007. This paper summarises a number of measurements that have been made over that period to monitor the SR stability in height and position including general survey, Hydrostatic Levelling System (HLS), horizontal and vertical magnet corrector strengths as well as Radio Frequency (RF) measurements that have given an indication of changing circumference.
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MOPME084	Proposal for a Soft X-ray Diffraction Limited Upgrade of the ALS	lattice, emittance, insertion-device, injection	567
	C. Steier, A. Anders, D. Arbelaez, K.M. Baptiste, W. Barry, J.M. Byrd, K. Chow, S. De Santis, R.M. Duarte, R.W. Falcone, J.-Y. Jung, S.D. Kevan, S. Kwiatkowski, T.H. Luo, A. Madur, H. Nishimura, J.R. Osborn, G.C. Pappas, L.R. Reginato, D. Robin, F. Sannibale, D. Schlueter, C. Sun, C.A. Swenson, H. Tarawneh, W.L. Waldron, W. Wan LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
	Funding: The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The Advanced Light Source (ALS) at Berkeley Lab has been updated many times and remains as one of the brightest sources for soft x-rays worldwide. However, recent developments in technology, accelerator physics and simulation techniques open the door to much larger future brightness improvements. Similar to proposals at several other 3rd generation sources, this could be achieved by reducing the horizontal emittance with a new ring based on a multi-bend achromat lattice, reusing the existing tunnel, as well as much of the infrastructure and beamlines. After studying candidate lattice designs, development efforts in the last year have concentrated on technology and physics challenges in four main areas: Injection, Vacuum Systems, Magnets and Insertion Devices, as well as main and harmonic RF systems.
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MOPRI063	Alkali Antimonide Photocathodes in a Can	cathode, vacuum, gun, controls	745
	J. Smedley, K. Attenkofer, T. Rao, S.G. Schubert BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA I. Ben-Zvi, X. Liang, E.M. Muller, M. Ruiz-Osés Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, USA J. DeFazio PHOTONIS USA Pennsylvanis, Inc., Lancaster, Pennsylvania, USA H.A. Padmore, J.J. Wong LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA J. Xie ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA
	Funding: Work was supported by the US DOE, under Contracts DE-AC02-05CH11231, DE-AC02-98CH10886, KC0407-ALSJNT-I0013, DE-FG02-12ER41837 and DE-SC0005713. Use of CHESS is supported by NSF award DMR-0936384. The next generation of x-ray light sources will need reliable, high quantum efficiency photocathodes. These cathodes will likely be from the alkali antimonide family, which currently holds the record for highest average current achieved from a photoinjector. In this work, we explore a new option for delivering these cathodes to a machine which requires them: use of sealed commercial vacuum tubes. Several sealed tubes have been introduced into a vacuum system and separated from their housing, exposing the active photocathode on a transport arm suitable for insertion into a photoinjector. The separation has been achieved without loss of QE. These cathodes are compared to those grown via traditional methods, both in terms of QE and in terms of crystalline structure, and found to be similar.
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MOPRI107	The Mitigation System of the Large Angle Foil Scattering Beam Loss caused by the Multi-turn Charge-exchange Injection	injection, simulation, scattering, operation	873
	S. Kato Tohoku University, Graduate School of Science, Sendai, Japan H. Harada, H. Hotchi, M. Kinsho, K. Yamamoto JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan
	Funding: Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science In the J-PARC RCS, the significant losses were observed at the branch of H⁰ dump line and the Beam Position Monitor which was put at the downstream of the H⁰ dump branch duct. These losses were caused by the large angle scattering of the injection and the circulating beam at the charge exchange foil. To realize high power operation, we have to mitigate these losses. So, we developed a new collimation system in the H⁰ branch duct and installed in October 2011. In order to optimize this system efficiently, we focused on the relative angle of collimator block from scattering particles. We developed the beam based angler regulation method by the simulation and achieved the sufficient mitigation of the loss at 181 MeV injection energy. Since the injection energy will be upgraded to 400 MeV in this year, we will start to estimate again the collimator performance by the upgraded simulation set. We present this system as one of the mitigation methods of the large angle foil scattering beam loss caused by the multi-turn charge-exchange injection.
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TUXB01	Recent Progress in 3D Numerical Wakefield Calculations	impedance, electron, cavity, damping	944
	W. Bruns WBFB, Berlin, Germany
	The 3D electromagnetic Field Simulator GdfidL computes Wakepotentials on standard CPUs with a Speed comparable to GPU-Based Implementations. This is achieved via Computing only in interesting Cells, having the FD-Coefficients in compressed Form, traversing the Grid in a Cache-friendly Order and applying a blocked Update Scheme which is NuMA-aware. A Dispersion optimised Scheme is described. Fields in dispersive Materials are computed via solving the Equations of the Electron Hulls of the Material. Moving Mesh Computations have the Grid-generation on the Fly.
	Slides TUXB01 [16.169 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUXB01
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TUPRO058	Lattice Correction Modeling for Fermilab IOTA Ring	lattice, closed-orbit, optics, dipole	1165
	A.L. Romanov BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia G.T. Kafka, S. Nagaitsev, A. Valishev Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	The construction of the Integrable Optics Test Accelerator (IOTA) is underway at Fermilab. Among the main goals of the facility are the proof-of-principle experiments on nonlinear integrable optics and optical stochastic cooling. Both require outstanding quality of the linear lattice and closed orbit. Software was developed to thoroughly test the proposed lattice configurations for error correction performance. The presented analysis is based on a statistical approach on a number of error seeds, such as various alignment, calibration and field errors.
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TUPRO095	Using One-dimensional Hall Probe to Measure the Solenoid Magnet for CSNS/RCS	solenoid, linac, collimation, synchrotron	1262
	Z. Zhang, S. Li, F. Long, X.J. Sun IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	Abstract CSNS(China Spallation Neutron Source) construction is expected to start in 2010 and will last 6.5 years. A long beam transport line is followed with the DTL linac to send the beam a rapid cycling synchrotron (RCS) accelerator. The beam will be focused by the solenoid magnet. This magnet will be located in LEBT system. It has been used with one-dimensional Hall probe to measurement by Institute of High Energy Physics, China. After the measurement, the measurement results meet the design requirements.
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TUPRI055	Theoretical Analysis of Metamaterial Insertions for Resistive-wall Beam-coupling Impedance Reduction	impedance, coupling, vacuum, interface	1695
	A. Danisi, R. Losito, A. Masi, B. Salvant, C. Zannini CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Resistive-wall impedance usually constitutes a significant percentage of the total beam-coupling impedance budget of many accelerator structures (e.g. for LHC, it can be more than 50%). Reduction techniques for resistive-wall components entail high electrical-conductivity coatings. This paper proposes the use of metamaterials, having negative values of magnetic permeability or dielectric permittivity (or both), for sensibly reducing or theoretically nearly cancelling the resistive-wall component of beam-coupling impedance. The proposed approach is developed by means of an equivalent transmission-line model, whose results show the potential reduction of both longitudinal and transverse impedance when using metamaterial insertions. The effects on the real and imaginary part have been singled out. The effectiveness of such materials is discussed both for negative-permittivity and for negative-permeability cases, which actually show different impacts and can be then target of proper engineering. This first-stage study opens the possibility of considering metamaterials for impedance mitigation or for setting up proper experimental setups.
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TUPRI074	First Results of the New Bunch-by-bunch Feedback System at ANKA	injection, feedback, operation, insertion-device	1739
	E. Hertle, N. Hiller, E. Huttel, B. Kehrer, A.-S. Müller, A.-S. Müller, N.J. Smale KIT, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany M. Höner DELTA, Dortmund, Germany D. Teytelman Dimtel, San Jose, USA
	A new digital three dimensional fast bunch by bunch feedback system has been installed and commissioned at ANKA. Immediate improvements to stored current and lifetime were achieved for normal user operation. For this, the feedback has to be running during the injection and the energy ramp to 2.5 GeV. Additionally, the feedback system was also incorporated into the diagnostic tool-set at ANKA and opened up new possibilities of automated and continuous measurements of certain beam parameters. The system can operate in different modes such as the low alpha operation mode, which has different requirements on the feedback system compared to normal user operation. Results on the various aspects will be presented as well as future improvements.
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WEPME006	DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A 4 KW, 500 MHZ SOLID STATE RF AMPLIFIER AT IRANIAN LIGHT SOURCE FACILITY (ILSF)	network, power-supply, storage-ring, booster	2264
	A. Shahverdi, H. Ajam, H. Ghasem, Kh.S. Sarhadi ILSF, Tehran, Iran
	Solid state RF power amplifiers have been considered as an attractive candidate for providing the high power RF power required in increasing number of accelerator applications in recent years. Due to the advantages of these amplifiers and based on the successful experience done in other light sources; ILSF RF group has started R&D in design and fabrication of solid state amplifiers. Two modules based on two different LDMOS transistors have been developed successfully at 500MHz. The measured characteristics are presented and compared in this paper. Combining of 8 such modules is under test to achieve 4kW output power as the first stage of the conceptually designed combining network. This paper outlines the design concept of the different parts of the amplifiers and presents the experimental results obtained so far.
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WEPME022	The VSL3616, CPI’s 1.3 GHz, 700 Watt CW, GaN Solid State Power Amplifier	controls, operation, monitoring, network	2302
	G. Solomon, D. Riffelmacher, R. Snyder, M. Tracy, T.A. Treado CPI, Beverley, Massachusetts, USA
	The VSL3616 GaN SSPA is a 1.3 GHz, 700 watt CW, liquid-cooled solid state power amplifier (SSPA). It has exceptional amplitude and phase stability and is being used to drive the VKL9130A1 IOT in CPI’s VIL410 30 kW CW IOT transmitter. The VSL3616 SSPA is configured in a 19 inch rack mount enclosure. Higher power levels can be obtained by power combining multiple VSL3616 SSPAs. The VSL3616 SSPA has been designed for very tight amplitude and phase control. The amplitude ripple and phase ripple are specified to be better than 0.05% rms and better than 0.2 degrees rms, respectively. The stability of the output power is specified to be better than 0.1% over any 20 second period of time. This paper will describe the design and operation of the VSL3616 SSPA. Results from a 1000 hour life test will be presented.
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WEPME023	VIL410, CPI’s 1.3 GHz, 25 kW CW IOT Amplifier System	operation, controls, embedded, cathode	2305
	I. Igor, R. Army, P. Brown, S. Locke, R. Rizzo, R. Snyder, G. Solomon, M. Tracy, T.A. Treado CPI, Beverley, Massachusetts, USA
	The VIL10 Heatwave™ Inductive Output Tube (IOT) amplifier system has been developed to meet the requirements of superconducting RF accelerators. Two VIL410 systems were completed and delivered in April 2014. The VKL9130A1 IOT in the VIL410 provides up to 30 kW RF output power over a 5 MHz bandwidth centered at 1.30 GHz. It operates both CW and pulsed. The VIL410 amplifier has been designed to achieve very tight amplitude and phase control. The amplitude and phase ripple are specified to be better than 0.1% rms and better than 0.2 degrees rms, respectively. The stability of the output power is specified to be better than 0.2% over a 20 second period. In normal operation, smooth control of the output is accomplished via RF input from the low level system. The VIL410 uses CPI’s VSL3616 solid state power amplifier (SSPA) to drive the IOT. The VSL3616 is a 700 watt CW SSPA which operates at 250 watts CW in the VIL410. The VIL410 has an embedded processor that controls all internal functions of the amplifier system and interfaces directly to EPICS. The VIL410 can be operated locally using a LabView PC Host program or remotely by EPICS.
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WEPME026	Layout of the Vacuum System for a New ESRF Storage Ring	vacuum, lattice, storage-ring, radiation	2314
	M. Hahn, J.C. Biasci, H.P. Marques ESRF, Grenoble, France
	The proposed 7-bend achromat lattice for the new 6 GeV electron storage ring of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility imposes a change of the entire vacuum system. Small bore magnets will require low conductance vacuum chambers. Conventional vacuum pumps will have to be assisted by distributed pumping provided by Non-Evaporable Getter (NEG) coating. The time constraints for design, prototyping, pre-assembly, installation and commissioning of the new systems require simple solutions and the use of existing expertise where possible. In this paper the draft layout of the vacuum system will be explained, information about the expected dynamic pressure distribution and conditioning will be given. Some technical solutions to resolve specific issues arising from the small vacuum chamber dimensions and the dense arrangement of components are described.
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WEPRI094	Conceptual Design Study of the High Luminosity LHC Recombination Dipole	dipole, target, luminosity, operation	2712
	G.L. Sabbi, X. Wang LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA G. Arduini, M. Giovannozzi, E. Todesco CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Funding: Work supported by the U.S. DOE LHC Accelerator Research Program. The HiLumi LHC Design Study is partly funded by the European Commission within the Framework Programme 7. The interaction region design of the High-Luminosity LHC requires replacing the recombination dipole magnets (D2) with new ones. The preliminary specifications include an aperture of 10⁵ mm, with 186 mm separation between the twin-aperture axes, and an operating field in the range of 3.5 to 4.5 T. The main design challenge is to decouple the magnetic field in the two apertures and ensure good field quality. In this paper, we present a new approach to address these issues, and provide expected harmonics for geometric, saturation and persistent current effects. The feasibility of an operating field at the high end of the range considered is also discussed, to minimize the D2 magnet length and facilitate the space allocation for other components.
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WEPRI101	Iron Shims outside the Helium Vessel to Adjust Field Quality at High Fields	sextupole, dipole, operation, quadrupole	2734
	R.C. Gupta, M. Anerella, J.P. Cozzolino, A.K. Jain, J.F. Muratore, P. Wanderer BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	Funding: This work is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE¬AC02-98CH10886. This paper describes the development and demonstration of a novel technique of adjusting measured field quality at the design field in superconducting magnets. The technique is based on placing iron shims of variable stack thicknesses, variable width and/or variable length on the outer surface of the stainless steel shell at strategic locations. Since the shims are placed outside the helium vessel, adjustments can be made without involving major operations such as opening the helium vessel. It is a simple and economical technique which is suitable for long magnets with a fast turn-around. This allows one to reduce field errors well beyond the normal construction errors. The technique has recently been successfully applied in two 3.8 T, 80 mm aperture, 9.45 m long dipoles. These magnets were built at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) for the APUL project (Accelerator Project to Upgrade the LHC) as a part of US contribution to LHC. The paper will present the design, measurement and adaptation of this technique which, when used in combination with the coil shims, produced near zero sextupole harmonic at high fields and small harmonics throughout the range of operation.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRI101
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WEPRI102	Conceptual Magnetic Design of the Large Aperture D2 Dipole for LHC Upgrade	dipole, luminosity, status, interaction-region	2737
	R.C. Gupta BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	Funding: This work is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE¬AC02-98CH10886. CERN has proposed the High Luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) as an upgrade to the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). As a part of this proposal, the aperture of twin aperture D2 dipole is increased from the present 80 mm to 10⁵ mm without increasing the size of cryostat. This creates a significant challenge in managing saturation induced harmonics and the leakage field, particularly since the field in the two apertures is in the same direction. In addition, small spacing between the two apertures creates significant cross-talk harmonics as well. The expected harmonics based on an initial design were rather large and limited the beam dynamics performance of the machine. This paper will present a series of conceptual magnetic designs which reduce the values of key harmonics by a large amount with expected field errors now comparable to those in most superconducting accelerator magnets.
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WEPRI113	Operation of SLRI Cryogenic System for a 6.5 T Superconducting Wavelength Shifter	cryogenics, operation, synchrotron, controls	2765
	S. Srichan, Ch. Dhammatong, P. Klysubun, V. Sooksrimuang, K. Takkrathoke, A. Tong-on SLRI, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
	The cryogenic plant at Synchrotron Light Research Institute was designed to be used as the main liquid helium supply for a superconducting wavelength shifter, in order to generate high-energy X-rays from the relatively low-energy 1.2 GeV Siam Photon Source storage ring. The plant was installed and successfully commissioned in the year 2009. During the past three years since commissioning, the cryogenic system had been in operation to perform helium liquefaction without a superconducting magnet. Since the installation of a 6.5 T SWLS in September 2013, the cryogenic system has begun its operation with a full-time load. In this work, the first operation of the cryogenic system with a superconducting insertion device is presented.
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THPRO095	The Design, Construction and Experiments of a RFQ Cold Model at Tsinghua University	rfq, cavity, dipole, experiment	3110
	L. Du, Q.Z. Xing, Y. Yang TUB, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	Funding: Work supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Major Research Plan Grant No. 91126003 and Project 11175096). The design, construction and experiments of a cold model of one high-current CW RFQ with ramped inter-vane voltage at Tsinghua University are presented in this paper. The 1-meter-long aluminium cold model is chosen to be the same as the low-energy part of the 3-meter-long RFQ. This cold model will be used mainly for the RFQ field study and education.
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THPRI025	Accelerator Reliability Reporting at the Swiss Light Source	operation, feedback, interlocks, injection	3819
	A. Lüdeke PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
	Third generation light sources do aim for a very high reliability of the accelerator. This contribution describes the reliability reporting of the Swiss Light Source at the Paul Scherrer Institut, as it has been performed in the past decade. We will highlight the importance of a formal reporting on the accelerator reliability to support the long term optimization of the reliability of an accelerator facility.
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THPRI105	Determination of Magnetic Multipoles using a Hall Probe	multipole, quadrupole, insertion-device, synchrotron	4025
	J. Campmany, J. Marcos, V. Massana CELLS-ALBA Synchrotron, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
	In this work we present a method that allows determining the harmonic content of the magnetic field generated by an accelerator magnet using a Hall probe bench. The method is based on measuring the three components of the magnetic field on a cylindrical surface parallel to the longitudinal axis of the magnet. Such a measurement is accomplished by carrying out a series of on-the-fly scans for a series of straight lines whose transversal coordinates lay on a circle. The Fourier decomposition of the magnetic field along a circle at a given longitudinal position yields the harmonic terms of the field at a reference radius equal to the circle’s radius. As a result the method provides the longitudinal dependence of the harmonic terms, and in particular it allows analyzing their behavior in the fringe field region. We present an example of the application of this method to the measurement of a quadrupole of the Storage Ring of ALBA. A comparison with the integrated results provided by a rotating coil bench is also shown.
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Paper

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MOOCB02

A Common Operation Metrics for Third Generation Light Sources

operation, experiment, feedback, survey

56

A. Lüdeke
PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
M. Bieler
DESY, Hamburg, Germany
J.-F. Lamarre
SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
M. Pont
CELLS-ALBA Synchrotron, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain

High reliability is a very important goal for third generation light sources. Very often the beam availability is used as the operation metrics to measure the reliability of the accelerator. A survey at several light sources revealed that the calculation of this statistics varies significantly between facilities. This prevents a useful comparison of their reliabilities. The authors propose a specific metrics for the reliability of third generation light sources; a metrics that will allow a detailed and meaningful comparison of these particle accelerators.

Slides MOOCB02 [0.701 MB]

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MOPRO048

Update on Sirius, the New Brazilian Synchrotron Light Source

emittance, lattice, coupling, insertion-device

191

L. Liu, A.P.B. Lima, N. Milas, A.H.C. Mukai, X.R. Resende, A.R.D. Rodrigues, F. H. de Sá
LNLS, Campinas, Brazil

Sirius is a 3 GeV synchrotron light source that is being built by the Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS). The electron storage ring uses the multi-bend-achromat approach (5BA in this case) to achieve a very low beam emittance of 0.28 nm.rad. The 518 m circumference contains 20 straight sections of alternating 6 and 7 meters in length, to be used for insertion devices as well as injection and RF systems. The 5BA cell is modified to accommodate a thin high field dipole (for 1.4˚ deflection) in the center of the middle bend producing hard X-ray radiation (12 keV critical energy) with a modest contribution to the total energy loss. This high field dipole (2.0 T) will be made of permanent magnet material, whereas the low field (0.58 T) ones, responsible for the main beam deflection, will be electromagnetic. Many challenges are associated with this kind of lattice, including both in beam dynamics and in accelerator engineering, that require R&D on new techniques. In this paper we discuss the main issues and achievements for Sirius during the last year.

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MOPRO050

Status of the ASTRID2 Synchrotron Light Source

controls, wiggler, operation, insertion-device

197

J.S. Nielsen, N. Hertel, S.P. Møller
ISA, Aarhus, Denmark

With regular user beam delivered to experiments, the commissioning of the ASTRID2 synchrotron light source is now mostly completed. The ring is running stable in top-up mode for beam currents up to 90 mA, with a lifetime of ~0.8 h at 90 mA. The orbit is controlled by a 10 Hz feedback loop, which includes feed forward loops when the insertion devices change gap. A similar 10 Hz loop compensates tune and beta function changes from the insertion devices. Some issues are still remaining. These include installation of a Landau cavity for lifetime improvements, a reduction in the heating of the in-vacuum ferrites of the injection bumpers, and a shielding of the stray magnetic field from the booster dipoles.

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MOPRO079

Design of Ultra-low Emittance Ring with Multi-bend Lattice on a Torus-knot

lattice, emittance, quadrupole, sextupole

271

A. Miyamoto, S. Sasaki
HSRC, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan

We proposed a torus knot type synchrotron radiation ring in that the beam orbit does not close in one turn but closes after multiple turns around the ring. Currently, we are designing a new ring based on the shape of a (11, 3) torus knot for our future plan ‘HiSOR-II.’ This ring is mid-low energy light source ring with a beam energy of 700 MeV. Recently some light source rings are achieving very low emittance that reaches a diffraction limited light by adopting a multi-bend scheme to the arc section of the ring. It is not difficult for low-mid energy VUV-SX light source ring because the electron beam less than 10 nmrad can provide the diffraction limited light in the energy less than 10eV. However the multi-bend lattice has many families of the magnets, therefore it is not easy to decide the parameters of the lattice. Especially, it is difficult for the torus knot type SR ring because there is a lot of geometric limitation around the cross points of orbits. We present the details of the designing procedure and the specifications of the ultra-low emittance light source ring having innovatively odd shape.

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MOPRO099

Long-term Stability of the Diamond Light Source Storage Ring

survey, storage-ring, alignment, emittance

319

M. Apollonio, K.A.R. Baker, R. Bartolini, W.J. Hoffman, J. Kay, V.C. Kempson, I.P.S. Martin
DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
R. Bartolini
JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom

The Diamond Storage Ring (SR) has been in operation since January 2007. This paper summarises a number of measurements that have been made over that period to monitor the SR stability in height and position including general survey, Hydrostatic Levelling System (HLS), horizontal and vertical magnet corrector strengths as well as Radio Frequency (RF) measurements that have given an indication of changing circumference.

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MOPME084

Proposal for a Soft X-ray Diffraction Limited Upgrade of the ALS

lattice, emittance, insertion-device, injection

567

C. Steier, A. Anders, D. Arbelaez, K.M. Baptiste, W. Barry, J.M. Byrd, K. Chow, S. De Santis, R.M. Duarte, R.W. Falcone, J.-Y. Jung, S.D. Kevan, S. Kwiatkowski, T.H. Luo, A. Madur, H. Nishimura, J.R. Osborn, G.C. Pappas, L.R. Reginato, D. Robin, F. Sannibale, D. Schlueter, C. Sun, C.A. Swenson, H. Tarawneh, W.L. Waldron, W. Wan
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA

Funding: The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
The Advanced Light Source (ALS) at Berkeley Lab has been updated many times and remains as one of the brightest sources for soft x-rays worldwide. However, recent developments in technology, accelerator physics and simulation techniques open the door to much larger future brightness improvements. Similar to proposals at several other 3rd generation sources, this could be achieved by reducing the horizontal emittance with a new ring based on a multi-bend achromat lattice, reusing the existing tunnel, as well as much of the infrastructure and beamlines. After studying candidate lattice designs, development efforts in the last year have concentrated on technology and physics challenges in four main areas: Injection, Vacuum Systems, Magnets and Insertion Devices, as well as main and harmonic RF systems.

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MOPRI063

Alkali Antimonide Photocathodes in a Can

cathode, vacuum, gun, controls

745

J. Smedley, K. Attenkofer, T. Rao, S.G. Schubert
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
I. Ben-Zvi, X. Liang, E.M. Muller, M. Ruiz-Osés
Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, USA
J. DeFazio
PHOTONIS USA Pennsylvanis, Inc., Lancaster, Pennsylvania, USA
H.A. Padmore, J.J. Wong
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
J. Xie
ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA

Funding: Work was supported by the US DOE, under Contracts DE-AC02-05CH11231, DE-AC02-98CH10886, KC0407-ALSJNT-I0013, DE-FG02-12ER41837 and DE-SC0005713. Use of CHESS is supported by NSF award DMR-0936384.
The next generation of x-ray light sources will need reliable, high quantum efficiency photocathodes. These cathodes will likely be from the alkali antimonide family, which currently holds the record for highest average current achieved from a photoinjector. In this work, we explore a new option for delivering these cathodes to a machine which requires them: use of sealed commercial vacuum tubes. Several sealed tubes have been introduced into a vacuum system and separated from their housing, exposing the active photocathode on a transport arm suitable for insertion into a photoinjector. The separation has been achieved without loss of QE. These cathodes are compared to those grown via traditional methods, both in terms of QE and in terms of crystalline structure, and found to be similar.

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MOPRI107

The Mitigation System of the Large Angle Foil Scattering Beam Loss caused by the Multi-turn Charge-exchange Injection

injection, simulation, scattering, operation

873

S. Kato
Tohoku University, Graduate School of Science, Sendai, Japan
H. Harada, H. Hotchi, M. Kinsho, K. Yamamoto
JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan

Funding: Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
In the J-PARC RCS, the significant losses were observed at the branch of H⁰ dump line and the Beam Position Monitor which was put at the downstream of the H⁰ dump branch duct. These losses were caused by the large angle scattering of the injection and the circulating beam at the charge exchange foil. To realize high power operation, we have to mitigate these losses. So, we developed a new collimation system in the H⁰ branch duct and installed in October 2011. In order to optimize this system efficiently, we focused on the relative angle of collimator block from scattering particles. We developed the beam based angler regulation method by the simulation and achieved the sufficient mitigation of the loss at 181 MeV injection energy. Since the injection energy will be upgraded to 400 MeV in this year, we will start to estimate again the collimator performance by the upgraded simulation set. We present this system as one of the mitigation methods of the large angle foil scattering beam loss caused by the multi-turn charge-exchange injection.

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TUXB01

Recent Progress in 3D Numerical Wakefield Calculations

impedance, electron, cavity, damping

944

W. Bruns
WBFB, Berlin, Germany

The 3D electromagnetic Field Simulator GdfidL computes Wakepotentials on standard CPUs with a Speed comparable to GPU-Based Implementations. This is achieved via Computing only in interesting Cells, having the FD-Coefficients in compressed Form, traversing the Grid in a Cache-friendly Order and applying a blocked Update Scheme which is NuMA-aware. A Dispersion optimised Scheme is described. Fields in dispersive Materials are computed via solving the Equations of the Electron Hulls of the Material. Moving Mesh Computations have the Grid-generation on the Fly.

Slides TUXB01 [16.169 MB]

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TUPRO058

Lattice Correction Modeling for Fermilab IOTA Ring

lattice, closed-orbit, optics, dipole

1165

A.L. Romanov
BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
G.T. Kafka, S. Nagaitsev, A. Valishev
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

The construction of the Integrable Optics Test Accelerator (IOTA) is underway at Fermilab. Among the main goals of the facility are the proof-of-principle experiments on nonlinear integrable optics and optical stochastic cooling. Both require outstanding quality of the linear lattice and closed orbit. Software was developed to thoroughly test the proposed lattice configurations for error correction performance. The presented analysis is based on a statistical approach on a number of error seeds, such as various alignment, calibration and field errors.

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TUPRO095

Using One-dimensional Hall Probe to Measure the Solenoid Magnet for CSNS/RCS

solenoid, linac, collimation, synchrotron

1262

Z. Zhang, S. Li, F. Long, X.J. Sun
IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Abstract CSNS(China Spallation Neutron Source) construction is expected to start in 2010 and will last 6.5 years. A long beam transport line is followed with the DTL linac to send the beam a rapid cycling synchrotron (RCS) accelerator. The beam will be focused by the solenoid magnet. This magnet will be located in LEBT system. It has been used with one-dimensional Hall probe to measurement by Institute of High Energy Physics, China. After the measurement, the measurement results meet the design requirements.

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TUPRI055

Theoretical Analysis of Metamaterial Insertions for Resistive-wall Beam-coupling Impedance Reduction

impedance, coupling, vacuum, interface

1695

A. Danisi, R. Losito, A. Masi, B. Salvant, C. Zannini
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Resistive-wall impedance usually constitutes a significant percentage of the total beam-coupling impedance budget of many accelerator structures (e.g. for LHC, it can be more than 50%). Reduction techniques for resistive-wall components entail high electrical-conductivity coatings. This paper proposes the use of metamaterials, having negative values of magnetic permeability or dielectric permittivity (or both), for sensibly reducing or theoretically nearly cancelling the resistive-wall component of beam-coupling impedance. The proposed approach is developed by means of an equivalent transmission-line model, whose results show the potential reduction of both longitudinal and transverse impedance when using metamaterial insertions. The effects on the real and imaginary part have been singled out. The effectiveness of such materials is discussed both for negative-permittivity and for negative-permeability cases, which actually show different impacts and can be then target of proper engineering. This first-stage study opens the possibility of considering metamaterials for impedance mitigation or for setting up proper experimental setups.

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TUPRI074

First Results of the New Bunch-by-bunch Feedback System at ANKA

injection, feedback, operation, insertion-device

1739

E. Hertle, N. Hiller, E. Huttel, B. Kehrer, A.-S. Müller, A.-S. Müller, N.J. Smale
KIT, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
M. Höner
DELTA, Dortmund, Germany
D. Teytelman
Dimtel, San Jose, USA

A new digital three dimensional fast bunch by bunch feedback system has been installed and commissioned at ANKA. Immediate improvements to stored current and lifetime were achieved for normal user operation. For this, the feedback has to be running during the injection and the energy ramp to 2.5 GeV. Additionally, the feedback system was also incorporated into the diagnostic tool-set at ANKA and opened up new possibilities of automated and continuous measurements of certain beam parameters. The system can operate in different modes such as the low alpha operation mode, which has different requirements on the feedback system compared to normal user operation. Results on the various aspects will be presented as well as future improvements.

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WEPME006

DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A 4 KW, 500 MHZ SOLID STATE RF AMPLIFIER AT IRANIAN LIGHT SOURCE FACILITY (ILSF)

network, power-supply, storage-ring, booster

2264

A. Shahverdi, H. Ajam, H. Ghasem, Kh.S. Sarhadi
ILSF, Tehran, Iran

Solid state RF power amplifiers have been considered as an attractive candidate for providing the high power RF power required in increasing number of accelerator applications in recent years. Due to the advantages of these amplifiers and based on the successful experience done in other light sources; ILSF RF group has started R&D in design and fabrication of solid state amplifiers. Two modules based on two different LDMOS transistors have been developed successfully at 500MHz. The measured characteristics are presented and compared in this paper. Combining of 8 such modules is under test to achieve 4kW output power as the first stage of the conceptually designed combining network. This paper outlines the design concept of the different parts of the amplifiers and presents the experimental results obtained so far.

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WEPME022

The VSL3616, CPI’s 1.3 GHz, 700 Watt CW, GaN Solid State Power Amplifier

controls, operation, monitoring, network

2302

G. Solomon, D. Riffelmacher, R. Snyder, M. Tracy, T.A. Treado
CPI, Beverley, Massachusetts, USA

The VSL3616 GaN SSPA is a 1.3 GHz, 700 watt CW, liquid-cooled solid state power amplifier (SSPA). It has exceptional amplitude and phase stability and is being used to drive the VKL9130A1 IOT in CPI’s VIL410 30 kW CW IOT transmitter. The VSL3616 SSPA is configured in a 19 inch rack mount enclosure. Higher power levels can be obtained by power combining multiple VSL3616 SSPAs. The VSL3616 SSPA has been designed for very tight amplitude and phase control. The amplitude ripple and phase ripple are specified to be better than 0.05% rms and better than 0.2 degrees rms, respectively. The stability of the output power is specified to be better than 0.1% over any 20 second period of time. This paper will describe the design and operation of the VSL3616 SSPA. Results from a 1000 hour life test will be presented.

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WEPME023

VIL410, CPI’s 1.3 GHz, 25 kW CW IOT Amplifier System

operation, controls, embedded, cathode

2305

I. Igor, R. Army, P. Brown, S. Locke, R. Rizzo, R. Snyder, G. Solomon, M. Tracy, T.A. Treado
CPI, Beverley, Massachusetts, USA

The VIL10 Heatwave™ Inductive Output Tube (IOT) amplifier system has been developed to meet the requirements of superconducting RF accelerators. Two VIL410 systems were completed and delivered in April 2014. The VKL9130A1 IOT in the VIL410 provides up to 30 kW RF output power over a 5 MHz bandwidth centered at 1.30 GHz. It operates both CW and pulsed. The VIL410 amplifier has been designed to achieve very tight amplitude and phase control. The amplitude and phase ripple are specified to be better than 0.1% rms and better than 0.2 degrees rms, respectively. The stability of the output power is specified to be better than 0.2% over a 20 second period. In normal operation, smooth control of the output is accomplished via RF input from the low level system. The VIL410 uses CPI’s VSL3616 solid state power amplifier (SSPA) to drive the IOT. The VSL3616 is a 700 watt CW SSPA which operates at 250 watts CW in the VIL410. The VIL410 has an embedded processor that controls all internal functions of the amplifier system and interfaces directly to EPICS. The VIL410 can be operated locally using a LabView PC Host program or remotely by EPICS.

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WEPME026

Layout of the Vacuum System for a New ESRF Storage Ring

vacuum, lattice, storage-ring, radiation

2314

M. Hahn, J.C. Biasci, H.P. Marques
ESRF, Grenoble, France

The proposed 7-bend achromat lattice for the new 6 GeV electron storage ring of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility imposes a change of the entire vacuum system. Small bore magnets will require low conductance vacuum chambers. Conventional vacuum pumps will have to be assisted by distributed pumping provided by Non-Evaporable Getter (NEG) coating. The time constraints for design, prototyping, pre-assembly, installation and commissioning of the new systems require simple solutions and the use of existing expertise where possible. In this paper the draft layout of the vacuum system will be explained, information about the expected dynamic pressure distribution and conditioning will be given. Some technical solutions to resolve specific issues arising from the small vacuum chamber dimensions and the dense arrangement of components are described.

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WEPRI094

Conceptual Design Study of the High Luminosity LHC Recombination Dipole

dipole, target, luminosity, operation

2712

G.L. Sabbi, X. Wang
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
G. Arduini, M. Giovannozzi, E. Todesco
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Funding: Work supported by the U.S. DOE LHC Accelerator Research Program. The HiLumi LHC Design Study is partly funded by the European Commission within the Framework Programme 7.
The interaction region design of the High-Luminosity LHC requires replacing the recombination dipole magnets (D2) with new ones. The preliminary specifications include an aperture of 10⁵ mm, with 186 mm separation between the twin-aperture axes, and an operating field in the range of 3.5 to 4.5 T. The main design challenge is to decouple the magnetic field in the two apertures and ensure good field quality. In this paper, we present a new approach to address these issues, and provide expected harmonics for geometric, saturation and persistent current effects. The feasibility of an operating field at the high end of the range considered is also discussed, to minimize the D2 magnet length and facilitate the space allocation for other components.

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WEPRI101

Iron Shims outside the Helium Vessel to Adjust Field Quality at High Fields

sextupole, dipole, operation, quadrupole

2734

R.C. Gupta, M. Anerella, J.P. Cozzolino, A.K. Jain, J.F. Muratore, P. Wanderer
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA

Funding: This work is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE¬AC02-98CH10886.
This paper describes the development and demonstration of a novel technique of adjusting measured field quality at the design field in superconducting magnets. The technique is based on placing iron shims of variable stack thicknesses, variable width and/or variable length on the outer surface of the stainless steel shell at strategic locations. Since the shims are placed outside the helium vessel, adjustments can be made without involving major operations such as opening the helium vessel. It is a simple and economical technique which is suitable for long magnets with a fast turn-around. This allows one to reduce field errors well beyond the normal construction errors. The technique has recently been successfully applied in two 3.8 T, 80 mm aperture, 9.45 m long dipoles. These magnets were built at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) for the APUL project (Accelerator Project to Upgrade the LHC) as a part of US contribution to LHC. The paper will present the design, measurement and adaptation of this technique which, when used in combination with the coil shims, produced near zero sextupole harmonic at high fields and small harmonics throughout the range of operation.

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WEPRI102

Conceptual Magnetic Design of the Large Aperture D2 Dipole for LHC Upgrade

dipole, luminosity, status, interaction-region

2737

R.C. Gupta
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA

Funding: This work is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE¬AC02-98CH10886.
CERN has proposed the High Luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) as an upgrade to the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). As a part of this proposal, the aperture of twin aperture D2 dipole is increased from the present 80 mm to 10⁵ mm without increasing the size of cryostat. This creates a significant challenge in managing saturation induced harmonics and the leakage field, particularly since the field in the two apertures is in the same direction. In addition, small spacing between the two apertures creates significant cross-talk harmonics as well. The expected harmonics based on an initial design were rather large and limited the beam dynamics performance of the machine. This paper will present a series of conceptual magnetic designs which reduce the values of key harmonics by a large amount with expected field errors now comparable to those in most superconducting accelerator magnets.

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WEPRI113

Operation of SLRI Cryogenic System for a 6.5 T Superconducting Wavelength Shifter

cryogenics, operation, synchrotron, controls

2765

S. Srichan, Ch. Dhammatong, P. Klysubun, V. Sooksrimuang, K. Takkrathoke, A. Tong-on
SLRI, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand

The cryogenic plant at Synchrotron Light Research Institute was designed to be used as the main liquid helium supply for a superconducting wavelength shifter, in order to generate high-energy X-rays from the relatively low-energy 1.2 GeV Siam Photon Source storage ring. The plant was installed and successfully commissioned in the year 2009. During the past three years since commissioning, the cryogenic system had been in operation to perform helium liquefaction without a superconducting magnet. Since the installation of a 6.5 T SWLS in September 2013, the cryogenic system has begun its operation with a full-time load. In this work, the first operation of the cryogenic system with a superconducting insertion device is presented.

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THPRO095

The Design, Construction and Experiments of a RFQ Cold Model at Tsinghua University

rfq, cavity, dipole, experiment

3110

L. Du, Q.Z. Xing, Y. Yang
TUB, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Funding: Work supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Major Research Plan Grant No. 91126003 and Project 11175096).
The design, construction and experiments of a cold model of one high-current CW RFQ with ramped inter-vane voltage at Tsinghua University are presented in this paper. The 1-meter-long aluminium cold model is chosen to be the same as the low-energy part of the 3-meter-long RFQ. This cold model will be used mainly for the RFQ field study and education.

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THPRI025

Accelerator Reliability Reporting at the Swiss Light Source

operation, feedback, interlocks, injection

3819

A. Lüdeke
PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland

Third generation light sources do aim for a very high reliability of the accelerator. This contribution describes the reliability reporting of the Swiss Light Source at the Paul Scherrer Institut, as it has been performed in the past decade. We will highlight the importance of a formal reporting on the accelerator reliability to support the long term optimization of the reliability of an accelerator facility.

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THPRI105

Determination of Magnetic Multipoles using a Hall Probe

multipole, quadrupole, insertion-device, synchrotron

4025

J. Campmany, J. Marcos, V. Massana
CELLS-ALBA Synchrotron, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain

In this work we present a method that allows determining the harmonic content of the magnetic field generated by an accelerator magnet using a Hall probe bench. The method is based on measuring the three components of the magnetic field on a cylindrical surface parallel to the longitudinal axis of the magnet. Such a measurement is accomplished by carrying out a series of on-the-fly scans for a series of straight lines whose transversal coordinates lay on a circle. The Fourier decomposition of the magnetic field along a circle at a given longitudinal position yields the harmonic terms of the field at a reference radius equal to the circle’s radius. As a result the method provides the longitudinal dependence of the harmonic terms, and in particular it allows analyzing their behavior in the fringe field region. We present an example of the application of this method to the measurement of a quadrupole of the Storage Ring of ALBA. A comparison with the integrated results provided by a rotating coil bench is also shown.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI105

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