Keyword: focusing
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MOPRO005 Progress on the Interaction Region Design and Detector Integration at JLab’s MEIC detector, electron, ion, collider 71
 
  • V.S. Morozov, P.D. Brindza, A. Camsonne, Y.S. Derbenev, R. Ent, D. Gaskell, F. Lin, P. Nadel-Turonski, M. Ungaro, Y. Zhang, Z.W. Zhao
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  • C. Hyde, K. Park
    Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
  • M.K. Sullivan
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  • Z.W. Zhao
    UVa, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
  
  Funding: Authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177 and DE-AC02-06CH11357.
One of the unique features of JLab's Medium-energy Electron-Ion Collider (MEIC) is a full-acceptance detector with a dedicated, small-angle, high-resolution detection system, capable of covering a wide range of momenta (and charge-to-mass ratios) with respect to the original ion beam to enable access to new physics. We present an interaction region design developed with close integration of the detection and beam dynamical aspects. The dynamical aspect of the design rests on a symmetry-based concept for compensation of non-linear effects. The optics and geometry have been optimized to accommodate the detection requirements and to ensure the interaction region's modularity for ease of integration into the collider ring lattices. As a result, the design offers an excellent detector performance combined with the necessary provisions for non-linear dynamical optimization. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPRO005  
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MOPRI050 Preliminary Study for an RF Photocathode based Electron Injector for AWAKE Project emittance, laser, electron, plasma 717
 
  • Ö. Mete, G.X. Xia
    UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
  • G. Burt
    Cockcroft Institute, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
  • S. Chattopadhyay
    Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  
  AWAKE project, a proton driven plasma wakefield acceleration (PDPWA) experiment is approved by CERN. The PDPWA scheme consists of a seeding laser, a drive beam to establish the accelerating wakefields within the plasma cell; and a witness beam to be accelerated. The drive beam protons will be provided by the CERN's SPS. The plasma ionisation will be performed by a seeding laser and the drive beam protons to produce the accelerating wakefields. After establishing the wakefields, witness beam, namely, electron beam from a dedicated source should be injected into the plasma cell. The primary goal of this experiment is to demonstrate acceleration of a 5-15 MeV single bunch electron beam up to 1 GeV in a 10 m of plasma. This paper explores the possibility of an RF photocathode as the electron source for this PDPWA scheme based on the existing PHIN photoinjector at CERN. The modifications to the existing design, preliminary beam dynamics simulations in order to provide the required electron beam are presented in this paper.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPRI050  
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MOPRI065 The Development of a Low Energy Neutron Accelerator for Rebunching Pulsed Neutrons neutron, experiment, impedance, controls 751
 
  • S. Imajo
    Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
  • Y. Arimoto
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  • Y. Iwashita
    Kyoto ICR, Uji, Kyoto, Japan
  • M. Kitaguchi
    Kyoto University, Research Reactor Institute, Osaka, Japan
  • Y. Seki
    RIKEN Nishina Center, Wako, Japan
  • H.M. Shimizu
    Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
  • S. Yamashita
    ICEPP, Tokyo, Japan
  • T. Yoshioka
    Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
  
  Low energy neutrons can be accelerated or decelerated by the technique of AFP-NMR with RF in a gradient magnetic fields. The neutrons have magnetic moments, hence their potential energy are not cancelled before and after passage of magnetic fields and their kinetic energy change finally when their spins are flipped in the fields. Nowadays most measurements of the neutron electric dipole moment (nEDM) are carried out with ultra cold neutrons (UCN), whose kinetic energies are lower than about 300 neV, and with a small storage bottle to reduce the systematic errors. In such experiments highly dense UCNs are desired. The spallation neutron sources generate high-density neutrons at the target, however, the pulsed neutrons with spread velocities are diffused in guide tubes during long beam transport. It is necessary to concentrate UCN temporally upon the bottle by controlling their velocities for nEDM experiments at those facilities. We demonstrated such rebuncher and have been developed the advanced apparatus which makes it possible to handle broader energy range UCN. The design, measured specification of the new rebuncher is described in detail.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPRI065  
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MOPRI076 Simulation of Dynamics in Ultra-compact Isochronous Medium Energy Racetrack FFAGs cyclotron, dynamic-aperture, acceleration, lattice 780
 
  • R. Appleby, J.M. Garland, H.L. Owen, S.C. Tygier
    UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
  • K.M. Hock
    Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  • C. Johnstone
    PAC, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  
  Funding: Research supported by STFC grant number ST/K002503/1 "Racetrack FFAGs for medical, PRISM and energy applications".
The FFAG (Fixed-Field Alternating-gradient) accelerator is a class of accelerators that comprises the best features of the cyclotron and the synchrotron, combining fixed magnetic fields with strong focusing gradients for optimal stable, low-loss operation. Here, a new type of medium-energy 1-GeV isochronous (CW) FFAG has been developed in a racetrack layout that supports two opposing synchrotron-like straights, permitting both high-gradient RF modules and efficient injection and extraction in a highly compact footprint. In this paper we present beam dynamic simulations for this compact racetrack FFAG, and compare the differences between an equivalent circular and a racetrack configuration. A comparison of the FFAG dynamics with the 800-MeV (Daeδalus) cyclotron is briefly presented. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPRI076  
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MOPRI088 Beam Transport Experiments Using Gabor Lenses electron, beam-transport, experiment, space-charge 818
 
  • K. Schulte, M. Droba, S. Klaproth, O. Meusel, D. Noll, U. Ratzinger
    IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
  
  A prototype Gabor lens has successfully been tested at the GSI High Current Test Injector (HOSTI)*. The experiments comprised the investigation of an emittance dominated and a space-charge dominated beam transport. In particular, the high-current measurements represent a necessary step towards evaluating the focusing performance of the lens and to gain experience in a real accelerator environment. Besides the evaluation of the technical feasibility, the behavior of the electron cloud was characterized by the parameter analysis of the confined non-neutral plasma during beam transport measurements as well as subsequently performed diagnostic experiments. This contribution will present experimental results as well as numerical studies on an improved Gabor lens design for the possible application at the GSI High Current Injector (HSI) in the context of an upgrade program for FAIR**.
*K. Schulte et al., Proc. of IPAC'13, Shanghai, China, 2013, THPWO021
**L. Dahl, Proc. of HIAT’09, Venice, Italy, 2009, FR-01
 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPRI088  
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MOPRI099 Feasibility Studies for 100 GeV Beam Transfer Lines for a CERN Neutrino Facility target, dipole, quadrupole, optics 849
 
  • M. Kowalska, W. Bartmann, C. Bracco, B. Goddard, M. Nessi, R. Steerenberg, F.M. Velotti
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  For a potential future CERN neutrino facility it is considered to extract a 100 GeV proton beam from the second long straight section in the SPS into the existing TT20 transfer line leading to the North Area. Two transfer line design options were developed simultaneously: early-branching from TT20 using existing, recuperated ‘experimental area’ DC dipoles and alternatively late-branching close to the target area, which requires superconducting magnets. This paper describes the feasibility of the two concepts in addition to the detailed study of the early-branching option. Optics and line geometry optimization are discussed and orbit correction is presented.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPRI099  
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MOPRI103 Longitudinal Bunch Shortening for the Laser Stripping Project laser, cavity, linac, acceleration 861
 
  • T.V. Gorlov, A.V. Aleksandrov, S.M. Cousineau, V.V. Danilov, Y. Liu, M.A. Plum
    ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  
  Funding: This work is funded by the U.S. DOE under grant number DE-FG02-13ER41967, and by the U.S. DOE under contract number DE-AC05-00OR22725 with UT-Battelle Corporation.
Realization of high efficiency laser stripping at the SNS accelerator needs good longitudinal overlap between H− bunch and laser pulse. The default H− bunch length at the interaction point is 5 times bigger than needed in order to achieve 90% stripping efficiency. Theoretical and experimental studies of longitudinal H− bunch shortening are presented in this paper. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPRI103  
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TUOAB03 Nonlinear Optics for Suppression of Halo Formation in Space Charge Dominated Beams quadrupole, space-charge, emittance, simulation 953
 
  • Y.K. Batygin, A. Scheinker
    LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
  • C. Li
    IMP, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
  
  Traditional accelerator designs utilize linear focusing elements (quadrupoles, solenoids) to provide stable particle motion. High – intensity rms - matched non - uniform beams are intrinsically mismatched with linear focusing structure. It results in space charge induced beam emittance growth and halo formation, which can be suppressed in a quadrupole channel with higher-order multipole field components. In this paper, overview of FODO quadrupole channels with arbitrary multipoles is given. Effective averaged potential is presented for the structure with periodic combination of multipole lenses and quadrupoles. Density of matched beam avoiding emittance growth and halo formation is derived. Performed analysis allows matching of realistic beam with the internal structure of the focusing field. Beam dynamics studies with suppressed halo are presented and discussed.  
slides icon Slides TUOAB03 [3.404 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUOAB03  
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TUZB02 Prospects for the use of HTS in High-field Magnets for Future Accelerator Facilities solenoid, dipole, operation, quadrupole 974
 
  • A. Ballarino
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  The enthusiasm that followed the discovery of High Temperature Superconductors (HTS) and the hope that they could replace Low Temperature Superconductors (LTS) was damped by low current-carrying capacity, short piece lengths, and fragility of the brittle oxide materials. Development of applications was mainly on devices less demanding of conductor performance. However, with continuing development, progress was made with the cuprate superconductors, and long lengths of BSCCO 2223 and REBCO tape conductors are now commercially available. Progress has also been made in the development of BSSCO 2212 round wire, where implementation of a new production process has led to a breakthrough in performance. Though still at the research level, attainments in material synthesis and theoretical understanding of iron-based materials may lead to their development into practical superconductors, featuring high upper critical field and low anisotropy. A review of the potential of HTS as applied to accelerators is presented, with a focus on using the presently available materials and on the perceived needs for further development.  
slides icon Slides TUZB02 [2.331 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUZB02  
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TUOCB02 High-field Magnet Development toward the High Luminosity LHC dipole, quadrupole, luminosity, interaction-region 983
 
  • G. Apollinari
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  
  The upcoming Luminosity upgrade of the LHC (HL-LHC) will rely on the use of Accelerator Quality Nb3Sn Magnets which have been the focus of an intense R&D effort in the last decade. This contribution will describe the R&D and results of Nb3Sn Accelerator Quality High Field Magnets development efforts, with emphasis on the activities considered for the HL-LHC upgrades.  
slides icon Slides TUOCB02 [5.103 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUOCB02  
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TUPRO047 Betatron Oscillations in Planar Dipole Field undulator, betatron, dipole, longitudinal-dynamics 1132
 
  • V. Balandin, W. Decking, N. Golubeva
    DESY, Hamburg, Germany
  
  In this paper, in preparation to the European XFEL commissioning, we consider the procedure of calculation of focusing properties of chicane-type bunch compressors and planar undulators using 2D magnetic field model (approximation of infinitely wide poles).  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRO047  
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TUPRO051 Emittance Increase and Matching along the Tomography Module at PITZ emittance, quadrupole, electron, lattice 1144
 
  • G. Kourkafas, P. Boonpornprasert, J.D. Good, M. Groß, I.I. Isaev, D.K. Kalantaryan, M. Khojoyan, M. Krasilnikov, D. Malyutin, B. Marchetti, D. Melkumyan, M. Otevřel, T. Rublack, F. Stephan, G. Vashchenko
    DESY Zeuthen, Zeuthen, Germany
  • G. Asova
    INRNE, Sofia, Bulgaria
  • G. Pathak
    Uni HH, Hamburg, Germany
  
  The Photo Injector Test facility at DESY, Zeuthen site (PITZ), focuses on testing, characterizing and optimizing high brightness electron sources for free electron lasers. PITZ is equipped with a number of transverse emittance measurement stations, among which is the Phase Space Tomography (PST) module. A PST measurement requires a specific transport along the tomography lattice, which ideally rotates the beam in the normalized transverse phase space by 180 degrees in equidistant steps. A preceding matching section is used to provide an injection scheme that delivers the necessary beam parameters for the design transport along the tomography lattice. The high charge density and moderate energy of the electron bunch at PITZ contribute to significant space-charge forces which lead to emittance growth and consequent mismatches of the design parameters. This article presents and evaluates measurements of the emittance increase along the matching section of a 1 nC beam at 22 MeV/c under different focusing schemes.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRO051  
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TUPRO056 Merit Functions for the Linac Optics Design for Colliders and Light Sources optics, emittance, linac, quadrupole 1159
 
  • S. Di Mitri, M. Cornacchia
    Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy
  • H.-S. Kang
    PAL, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea
  
  Optics matching and transverse emittance preservation are key goals for a successful operation of modern high brightness electron linacs. The capability of controlling them in a real machine critically relies on a properly designed magnetic lattice. Conscious of this fact, we introduce an ensemble of optical functions* that permit to solve the often neglected conflict between strong focusing, typically implemented to counteract coherent synchrotron radiation and transverse wakefield instability, and distortion of the transverse phase space induced by chromatic aberrations and focusing errors. A numerical evaluation of the merit functions is applied to existing and planned linac-based free electron lasers.
*S. Di Mitri and M. Cornacchia, Nucl. Instr. Meth. Phys. Research A 735, 60–65 (2014). 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRO056  
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TUPRO057 Solenoid Siberian Snake Without Compensation of Betatron Oscillation Coupling in Nuclotron@JINR solenoid, betatron, coupling, lattice 1162
 
  • Y. Filatov, V.A. Mikhaylov
    JINR, Dubna, Russia
  • A.V. Butenko, A.D. Kovalenko
    JINR/VBLHEP, Moscow, Russia
  • Y. Filatov
    MIPT, Dolgoprudniy, Moscow Region, Russia
  • A.M. Kondratenko, M.A. Kondratenko
    Science and Technique Laboratory Zaryad, Novosibirsk, Russia
  
  The influence of solenoids on spin is very efficient, but beam focusing is determined mainly by structural quadru-poles. The condition of stable orbital motion of particles does not require compensation of the betatron oscillation coupling. To reduce the influence of the Snake on orbital motion it is desirable to exclude compensating quads completely. The design of solenoid Siberian snake for the Nuclotron lattice is presented. The orbital functions of the lattice were calculated and the results are discussed.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRO057  
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TUPRO091 Simple Characterization Method of Small High Gradient Permanent Magnet Quadrupoles quadrupole, proton, linac, permanent-magnet 1250
 
  • C. Ronsivalle, L. Picardi, M. Vadrucci
    ENEA C.R. Frascati, Frascati (Roma), Italy
  • F. Ambrosini
    URLS, Rome, Italy
  
  The application of quadrupoles with high or ultra-high gradient and small apertures requires a precise control over harmonic components of the field. A simple, fast, low cost measurement method on small size PMQs (Permanent Magnet Quadrupoles) is described. It is based on the same principle of the familiar "rotating coil technique", but in this case, profiting of the small dimensions of the PMQ, it consists in rotating the PMQ itself instead of the coil. In such way a gain on accuracy and measure time is obtained. It has been applied to characterize a set of commercial PMQs with a gradient around 200 T/m and an internal radius of 3.5 mm to be mounted in a SCDTL (Side Coupled Drift Tube Linac) structure for the acceleration of a proton beam from 7 to 12 MeV. This structure has been developed in the framework of the Italian TOP-IMPLART (Intensity Modulated Proton Linear Accelerator for Radiotherapy) Project  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRO091  
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TUPRO094 Magnetic Field Evaluation of Multipole Permanent Magnets by Harmonic Coil with Novel Calibration Technique permanent-magnet, multipole, sextupole, neutron 1259
 
  • R. Kitahara, Y. Fuwa, Y. Iwashita
    Kyoto ICR, Uji, Kyoto, Japan
  
  Quadrupole magnets for ILC final focus should be strong enough with the restriction on the external radius to let the disrupted out-going beam pass by, while vibration of the magnetic center has to be highly avoided to keep the nm sized beam focusing stable at the interaction point a few meter downstream from the lens. Gluckstern's 5-ring PMQ singlet seems a good candidate for this point of view. In order to fabricate a good 5-ring singlet, property of each ring has to be good enough. A harmonic coil system, which has 24-bit ADC’s for high resolution, was developed. Current noise level of the system is less than 10-5, which is supposed to be improved by reducing mechanical vibration of the ball bearings. We demonstrated the evaluation method of coil wire position with magnetic field from pin point magnet, so that the accuracy of the method was comparable to um scale. We measured the prototype 5-ring PMQ singlet and evaluated harmonic components. This result was compared with the data measured at KEK.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRO094  
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TUPRO102 Quadrupole Lens and Extraction Magnets of a Miniature Race-Track Microtron quadrupole, extraction, dipole, microtron 1283
 
  • I.Yu. Vladimirov, N.I. Pakhomov, V.I. Shvedunov
    MSU, Moscow, Russia
  • Yu.A. Kubyshin
    UPC, Barcelona, Spain
  • J.P. Rigla
    I3M, Valencia, Spain
  • V.V. Zakharov
    Tehnomag ltd., Kaluga, Russia
  
  A compact 12 MeV race-track microtron which is under construction at the Technical University of Catalonia includes a quadrupole magnet for horizontal beam focusing and four dipoles for beam extraction. As the source of the magnetic field in these magnets a Rare-Earth Permanent Magnet (REPM) material is used. In the article the main design characteristics of the quadrupole lens and extraction dipoles are described and a procedure of tuning of their magnetic fields is discussed. We report on the manufacturing of these magnetic systems and results of the tuning of their magnetic fields.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRO102  
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TUPME019 Design and Simulation of a High Field - low energy Muon Ionization Cooling Channel emittance, solenoid, simulation, scattering 1386
 
  • H. K. Sayed, J.S. Berg, R.B. Palmer, D. Stratakis
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
  
  Muon beams are generated with inherited large transverse and longitudinal emittances. In order to achieve low emittance within the short lifetime of the muons, the only feasible cooling scheme is the ionization cooling. In this study we present a design and simulation of a novel ionization cooling channel. The channel operates at a very strong magnetic fields of 25-30 T with low muon beam energy starting from 66 MeV and decreasing gradually. We study the beam dynamics of such low energy beam in high field region inside and between cooling stages. Key design parameters will be presented and in addition the performance and channel requirements of RF cavities and high field magnets will be presented.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPME019  
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TUPME020 Complete Six-dimensional Muon Cooling Channel for a Muon Collider emittance, collider, lattice, solenoid 1389
 
  • D. Stratakis, J.S. Berg, R.B. Palmer, H. Witte
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
We describe a complete 6D rectilinear cooling scheme for use in a Muon Collider. This scheme uses separate 6D cooling channels for the two signs of particle charge. In each, a channel first reduces the emittance of a train of 21 muon bunches until it becomes possible to merge them into a single bunch, one of each sign. The single bunches are then sent through a second rectilinear channel for further cooling towards the requirements of a Muon Collider. We adopt this approach for a new cooling lattice design for the Muon Collider, and for the first time present a end-to-end simulation. We review key parameters such as the required focusing fields, absorber lengths, cavity frequencies and rf gradients.
*D. Stratakis et al., Phys. Rev. ST AB 16, 091001 (2013). 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPME020  
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TUPME021 Theoretical Framework to Predict Efficiency of Ionization Cooling Lattices emittance, collider, lattice, betatron 1392
 
  • D. Stratakis
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
  • D.V. Neuffer
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
Reduction of the 6-dimensional phase-space of a muon beam by 6 orders of magnitude is a key requirement for a Muon Collider. Recently, a 12-stage rectilinear ionization cooling channel has been proposed to achieve that goal. In this paper, we establish the mathematical framework to predict and evaluate the cooling performance of the proposed channel. We predict the system effectiveness, by deriving key lattice parameters such as the lattice quality factor which describes the rate of cooling versus the surviving particles and the longitudinal and effective partition numbers for each stage. Main theoretical findings, such as the equilibrium emittances and effective cooling length, are compared against findings from numerical simulations. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPME021  
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TUPME030 The LIGHT Beamline at GSI: Shaping Intense MeV Proton Bunches from a Compact Laser-driven Source proton, laser, cavity, ion 1419
 
  • S. Busold, O. Deppert, M. Roth
    TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
  • V. Bagnoud, A. Blazevic, S. Busold
    HIJ, Jena, Germany
  • V. Bagnoud, A. Blazevic, S. Busold, D. Schumacher
    GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
  • C. Brabetz
    IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
  • F. Kroll
    TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
  • F. Kroll
    Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Institute of Radiation Physics, Dresden, Germany
  
  Laser-based proton acceleration as a source of high intensity multi-MeV-range proton bunches became subject of extensive research during the last 15 years and is discussed as potential candidate for various applications. However, their usage often requires special ways of beam shaping first, as the particles are emitted in a wide energy spectrum and with a large divergence angle from the laser matter interaction point. To handle these characteristics, a test stand has been build at GSI Darmstadt, using a pulsed high field solenoid and a radiofrequency cavity to produce intense collimated proton bunches with low energy spread from a TNSA source. In recent experiments, energy compression of an intense proton bunch around 10 MeV central energy to an energy spread of less than 3% could be demonstrated. The particle numbers were in access of 109 protons and the bunch duration was only a few nanoseconds. Even shorter bunches and thus higher particle intensities are possible. This compact laser-driven proton beamline, available now at GSI, will be introduced and latest experimental results presented.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPME030  
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TUPME034 Transport and Energy Selection of Laser Produced Beams for Medical Research and Multidisciplinary Applications laser, quadrupole, target, solenoid 1425
 
  • M.M. Maggiore
    INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy
  • G.A.P. Cirrone, F. Romano, F. Schillaci, A. Tramontana
    INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
  • V. Scuderi
    ELI-BEAMS, Prague, Czech Republic
  
  Ion beams produced by the interaction of high-power laser with thin targets are being characterized experimentally around the world in order to get a reasonable amount of particles with low divergence and narrow energy spread for medical and multidisciplinary applications. Several schemes about the energy selection and transport of laser accelerated beams have been considered and tested, however the energy spread of the selected particles remains rather high and the reproducibility has not been yet achieved. In the framework of the ELIMED network, we present a study of a possible layout to capture and transport in an efficient and reproducible way, the beams generated by the laser-target interaction. It consists of a combination of quadrupoles based on permanent magnets placed just downstream the target, coupled with a system composed by a series of 4 dipole magnets of inverted polarity, which provides the final energy selection of the previously focused beam. Such a system will be tested in 2014 at TARANIS facility to select proton beams in the energy range of 4-8 MeV; the main scheme can be scaled for the high energy beam that are expected at ELI-beamlines facility.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPME034  
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TUPME035 Design Study of the Laser-driven Dielectric Accelerator laser, electron, acceleration, simulation 1428
 
  • K. Koyama, M. Yoshida
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  • Y. Matsumura
    University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
  • S. Otsuki
    The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
  • M. Uesaka
    The University of Tokyo, Nuclear Professional School, Ibaraki-ken, Japan
  
  Funding: This work was partly supported by KAKENHI, Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C) 24510120.
Laser driven dielectric accelerators (LDA) are vigorously studied in order to apply to various fields in recent years. Characteristics of the LDA output such as sub-micron diameter, atto-second bunch and high acceleration field are suitable for in-situ investigating the biological effects of low doses of radiation in a living cell. The output energy of 1 MeV is sufficient for sniping a cell nucleus or DNA. Although the electronic charge in the bunch is in the order of 10 fC, the tightly focused beam enable to cause a local damage in the cell. We have reported optimum structure parameters of dielectric in the nonrelativistic regime. The low acceleration efficiency of slow electrons by short laser pulses is the serious problem. The accelerator length, laser intensity, pulse width, and optical system must be adjusted to design the practical LDA. We present the design principle of the LDA for nonrelativistic electrons and present status of the pumping laser of us. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPME035  
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TUPRI017 Artificial Collisions, Entropy and Emittance Growth in Computer Simulations of Intense Beams emittance, space-charge, simulation, scattering 1588
 
  • O. Boine-Frankenheim, I. Hofmann, J. Struckmeier
    GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
  
  During particle tracking with self-consistent space charge artificial collision between the macro-particles lead to diffusion-like, numerical effects. The artificial collisions generate a stochastic noise spectrum. As a consequence the entropy and the emittance of the particle beam can growth along periodic focusing structures. The growth rates depend on the number of simulation macro-particles and on the space charge tune shifts. For long-term tracking studies the numerical diffusion can lead to incorrect beam loss predictions. In our study we present analytical prediction for the numerical friction and diffusion in 2D and 3D simulations. For simple focusing structures with derive a relation between the friction coefficient and the entropy growth. The scaling of the friction coefficient with the macro-particle number and the space charge tune shift is obtained from 2D and 3D simulations and compared to the analytic predictions.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRI017  
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WEPRO058 Photoemission Electron Microscopy Branch of Spectromicroscopy Beamline of the Iranian Light Source Facility undulator, electron, photon, brilliance 2078
 
  • S. Amiri, H. Ghasem, A. Gholampour, H. Khosroabadi, J. Rahighi
    ILSF, Tehran, Iran
  • H. Ghasem, M. Lamehi Rashti
    IPM, Tehran, Iran
  
  The Spectromicroscopy beamline is one of the day one beamlines of the Iranian Light Source Facility project in the field of soft x-ray spectroscopy. This beamline is designed to cover the 90-2500eV energy range with about 8000 resolving power, and the minimum spot size of about 10×4 micrometer 2 at sample position. Brilliance, flux and photon size and divergence in the whole range of energy has been calculated for a 4.3m linear undulator using SPECTRA code. This undulator has 1015 ph/s(0.1% B.W.) photon flux at 96 eV energy & 400 mA electron current. A circular pinhole with maximum diameter size of 2.52mm has been inserted in a distance of 10m from the source to pass 95% radiated. Primary layout of this branch includes a collimating mirror, a varied included-angle plane grating monochromator, and a KB bendable elliptical cylinder mirror. The ray tracing calculation by using computational software SHADOW has been done to determine and optimize of the important optical parameters. Three plane gratings with different uniform line density (700, 900, 1200 lines/mm) have been used to cover the whole energy range with the resolving power of 0.75-0.8×104 depending on the photon energy.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRO058  
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WEPRO059 Analysis and Design of a New Kirkpatrick-Baez Mirror System for Microbeams operation, experiment 2081
 
  • K.H. Gil, H. J. Choi, J.Y. Huang, M.H. Jung, J.H. Lim
    PAL, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea
  
  Funding: This research is part of the results of the Basic Science Research Program performed by the support of the NRF of Korea funded by the Korean Ministry of Education (2013R1A1A2012390).
In this research, a new K-B mirror system was developed for focusing a microbeam to 1 μm x 1 μm at the 4B beamline of the Pohang Light Source-II. The new K-B mirror system consists of a pair of assemblage having three mechanisms that adjust the position, pitch, and curvature of each vertically and horizontally focusing mirrors and stages that support both the assemblages to enable translations along two orthogonal axes and rotation on the horizontal plane. Both the pitch- and curvature-adjusting mechanisms were designed as flexural mechanisms driven by their respective single actuators to minimize the movement of the mirror center even when the pitch or the curvature of each mirror was adjusted. The K-B mirror system with these features will be robust against possible disturbances and will help promote easy and simple mirror adjustment. This paper describes the whole design of the new K-B mirror system in detail and the structural analysis results of the pitch- and the curvature-adjusting mechanisms, and reports the operation principle of the curvature-adjusting mechanism. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRO059  
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WEPME080 Optimization of Quadripolar Field Production for Electrostatic Ion Beam Focusing quadrupole, beam-losses, emittance, radioactivity 2468
 
  • F.R. Osswald, E. Bouquerel, D. Boutin
    IPHC, Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
  • W. Beeckman, J.L. Lancelot
    Sigmaphi, Vannes, France
  
  Recent calculations concerning the shape of the quadrupole used as a focusing lens revealed a potential progress margin especially for short devices*. The main issues of the paper are related with the improvement of the performances of some standard quadrupolar focusing equipments considered here with an electrostatic technology i.e. the influence on the beam transmission, aberrations limitation, and reduction of beam losses. The joint research and development programme between a laboratory and the industry are expected to enable technology transfer, design optimization and cost reduction.
* Quadrupole shapes, R. Baartman, PRST-AB 15, 074002 (2012) 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPME080  
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WEPRI090 Cyclotron C235-V3 for Dimitrovgrad Hospital Center of the Proton Therapy cyclotron, proton, extraction, acceleration 2703
 
  • S.A. Kostromin, S. Gurskiy, G.A. Karamysheva, M.Y. Kazarinov, S.A. Korovkin, S.P. Mokrenko, N.A. Morozov, A.G. Olshevsky, V.M. Romanov, E. Samsonov, N.G. Shakun, G. Shirkov, S.G. Shirkov, E. Syresin
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  • P. Cahay, Y. Jongen, Y. Paradis
    IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
  
  JINR-IBA C235-V3 isochronous cyclotron for 1st Russian hospital center of the proton therapy has been assembled and tested. Shimming of the magnetic field, optimization of the acceleration modes and testing with the extracted proton beam were done in frame of this work. The paper presents experimental results of the beam dynamics in the accelerator. Proton transmission from radius 30cm to 103cm is 72% without beam cutting diaphragms. The extraction efficiency is 62%. This cyclotron is a substantially modified version C235-V3 of the IBA C235 serial cyclotron. C235-V3 has the improved extraction system which was constructed and tested. This system allows raise the extraction efficiency up to 77% from 50% in comparison with serial C235. Special mapping system (for Br-component) of the magnetic field was developed and constructed by JINR for the shimming of the Br-field in the middle plane of the cyclotron. Total efficiency of the machine is 45%. Further improvement of the parameters expected after final tuning of the cyclotron in Dimitrovgrad.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRI090  
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THPRO055 Electron Beam Final Focus System for Thomson Scattering at ELBE quadrupole, permanent-magnet, electron, laser 2995
 
  • J.M. Krämer, F. Bødker, A. Baurichter, M. Budde
    Danfysik A/S, Taastrup, Denmark
  • A. Irman, U. Schramm
    Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Institute of Radiation Physics, Dresden, Germany
  • U. Lehnert, P. Michel
    HZDR, Dresden, Germany
  
  Funding: This work is part of LA3NET and funded by European Commission under Grant Agreement Number 289191.
The design of an electron beam Final Focus System (FFS) aiming for high-flux laser-Thomson backscattering x-ray sources at ELBE* is presented. A telescope system consisting of four permanent magnet based quadrupoles was found to have significantly less chromatic aberrations than a quadrupole triplet. This allows sub-ps electron beam focusing to match the laser spot size at the interaction point. Focusing properties like the position of the focal plane and the spot size are retained for electron beam energies between 20 and 30 MeV by adjusting the position of the quadrupoles individually on a motorized stage. Since the electron beam is chirped for bunch compression upstream, the rms energy spread is increased to one or two percent and second order chromatic effects must be taken into account. For an emittance of 13 pi mm mrad, we predict rms spot sizes of about 40 um and divergences of about 15 mrad. We also present the design of the permanent magnet quadrupoles to be used for the FFS. Ferromagnetic poles ensure a high field quality and adjustable shunts allow for fine adjustment of the field strength and compensation of deviations in the permanent magnet material.
*A. Jochmann et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 111 (2013) 114803 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRO055  
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THPRO064 Effect of Laser-plasma Channeling on Third-harmonic Radiation Generation laser, plasma, electron, radiation 3023
 
  • M. Singh, D.N. Gupta
    University of Delhi, Delhi, India
  
  An intense Gaussian laser beam, propagating through a magnetized plasma, becomes self-focused due to the ponderomotive force on the electrons. The magnetic field reduces the radius of the laser beam and enhances the self focusing of the laser beam. The self-sustained plasma channel can affect the efficiency of harmonic generation of the interacting laser beam. The radial density gradient of the channel beats with the oscillatory electron velocity to produce density perturbation at laser frequency. The ponderomotive force at second-harmonic frequency produces electrons density oscillations that beat with the oscillatory velocity to create a non-linear current, driving the third harmonic radiation. The velocity and density perturbation associated with the self-focused laser beam generates a nonlinear current at triple fold frequency of the fundamental laser. Our results show that the efficiency of third-harmonic generation of the laser beam is affected significantly due to the self-sustained plasma channel. The strength of magnetic field play a crucial role in efficiency enhancement of third-harmonic generation.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRO064  
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THPRO070 Beam Dynamics Simulations in Cyclotron C230 Considering Imperfections of Magnetic Field Radial Component cyclotron, proton, acceleration, simulation 3038
 
  • E. Samsonov, S.A. Kostromin, N.A. Morozov, E. Syresin
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  
  Simulations concern to a beam axial motion in the IBA cyclotron C230 that is a base facility in several medical centers worldwide. Because of small axial focusing of the beam in a center of the cyclotron the radial component of magnetic field imperfections leads to additional proton losses. Measured maps of the axial and radial components of magnetic field were used in the simulations. It was found that the radial component with value 5-10 G in the center and approximately 2 G in the main region of acceleration leads to decrease of the resulting beam intensity by about two times and to increase the beam axial width by 25% as well. Simulations define the requirements to the experimental radial component shaping for the next cyclotrons of this series. Providing these requirements will ensure an absence of the additional proton losses due to the axial motion perturbations.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRO070  
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THPRO081 Simulation and Observation of Driven Beam Oscillations with Space Charge in the CERN PS Booster space-charge, simulation, dipole, quadrupole 3073
 
  • M. McAteer, J.M. Belleman, E. Benedetto, C. Carli, A. Findlay, B. Mikulec, R. Tomás
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  Funding: This project has been supported by a Marie Curie Early Initial Training Network Fellowship of the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme, contract number (PITN-GA-2011-289485-OPAC).
As part of the LHC Injector Upgrade project, the CERN PS Booster will operate at higher injection and extraction energies and with nearly a factor of two increase in beam brightness. In order to better understand the machine’s limitations, a campaign of nonlinear optics measurements from turn-by-turn trajectory measurements is planned for after Long Shutdown 1. The goal of this work is to establish an efficient procedure for implementing a resonance compensation scheme after the machine’s injection energy is increased. The trajectory measurement system is expected initially to require high intensity beam in order to have good position measurement resolution, so understanding space charge effects will be important for optics analysis. We present the results of simulations of driven beam oscillations with space charge effects, and comparison with trial beam trajectory measurements. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRO081  
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THPRO093 Low Emittance Electron Beam Transportation in Compact ERL Injector gun, cathode, laser, solenoid 3104
 
  • T. Miyajima, K. Harada, Y. Honda, T. Kume, S. Nagahashi, N. Nakamura, T. Obina, S. Sakanaka, M. Shimada, R. Takai, T. Uchiyama, A. Ueda, M. Yamamoto
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  • R. Hajima, R. Nagai, N. Nishimori
    JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan
  • J.G. Hwang
    Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
  
  For future light source based on Energy Recovery Linac (ERL), an injector, which consists of a photocathode DC gun and superconducting RF cavities, is a key part to generate a low emittance, short pulse and high bunch charge electron beam. In compact ERL (cERL) which is a test accelerator to develop key technologies for ERL, the generation of low emittance electron beam with 0.1 mm mrad normalized emittance and 390 keV beam energy from the photocathode DC gun, and the acceleration to 5.6 MeV by superconducting cavity, were demonstrated in the first beam commissioning. To keep the high quality in the beam transportation, understanding the beam optics, which is affected by not only the focusing effects due to the gun, solenoid magnets and RF cavities but also space charge effect, is required. In this presentation, we will show that how to measure and correct the focusing effect by experimental method. Using this method, we succeeded in correcting the analytical model to give the good agreement with the measured gun focusing for low charge beam. And, we will show the space charge effect for high bunch charge beam.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRO093  
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THPRO112 Beam Dynamics Analysis in the Beam Halo Experiments at IHEP simulation, experiment, quadrupole, proton 3159
 
  • H. Jiang, S. Fu, C. Meng, J. Peng, Y. Zou
    IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
  
  We have measured the beam parameters properly, and also found the RMS matched beam. Now we simulate the matched beam and the mismatched beam using the IMPACT and TraceWin code. We find the simulations can succeed to reproduce the beam profiles without halo for both matched and mismatched beam, but there are some differences for the beam with halo.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRO112  
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THPME002 Delta-Phi Method for the IFMIF-LIPAc SRF-Linac Cavity Tuning cavity, linac, simulation, SRF 3205
 
  • M. Valette, N. Chauvin
    CEA/IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
  • P.A.P. Nghiem, D. Uriot
    CEA/DSM/IRFU, France
  
  In order to achieve the upcoming commissioning of the IFMIF-LIPAc prototype accelerator in Rokkasho, the precision and resolution required for all diagnostics must be determined. These specifications will depend on the precision at which the tuning parameters must be set and finally by the tuning errors that can be tolerated on the beam itself. We will here discuss the use of the ∆φ method to tune the SRF-Linac and the resolution requirements it implies for the BPMs. This method, using a relative time of flight measurement to assess the energy of the beam, has the advantages of allowing setting the beam energy and beam longitudinal focusing at once.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME002  
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THPME009 Beam Dynamics for the FAIR Proton-Linac RFQ rfq, linac, bunching, simulation 3226
 
  • C. Zhang
    GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
  
  The FAIR (Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research) Proton-Linac (P-LINAC) will be started with a 325.224 MHz, 3 MeV Radio-Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) accelerator. To ensure that a ≥35 mA beam can be injected into the downstream synchrotrons, the design beam intensity of this Proton-RFQ (P-RFQ) has been chosen as 70 mA. Based on the so-called NFSP (New Four-Section Procedure) method, two new beam dynamics designs with varying and constant transverse focusing strength, respectively, have been worked out to meet the latest design requirements using a compact structure. This paper presents the main design concepts and simulation results.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME009  
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THPME010 A 325 MHz High Gradient CH – Test Cavity for β=0.16 cavity, linac, operation, DTL 3229
 
  • A. Almomani, U. Ratzinger
    IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
  
  Funding: BMBF, contract no. 05P12RFRB9
This pulsed linac activity aims on compact designs, which means a considerable increase in voltage gain per meter. At IAP – Frankfurt, a CH – cavity was developed for these studies, where mean effective accelerating fields well above 10 MV/m are expected at 325 MHz, β=0.164. This cavity is developed within a funded project. Currently, the cavity is under construction and expected to be ready for copper plating in autumn 2014. The results might influence the rebuilt of the UNILAC – Alvarez section, which aims on achieving the beam intensities specified for the GSI – FAIR project. The new GSI 3 MW Thales klystron test stand will be very important for these investigations. Detailed investigations for two different types of copper plating can be performed on this cavity. In this work, the status of the cavity fabrication will be presented. Moreover, low temperature operation of copper cavities is discussed for the case of very short RF pulses. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME010  
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THPME020 Local Compensation-rematch for the C-ADS Accelerator Element Failures with Space Charge solenoid, emittance, cavity, linac 3259
 
  • B. Sun, C. Meng, J.Y. Tang, F. Yan
    IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
  
  In order to achieve the required reliability and availability for the C-ADS accelerator, a fault tolerance design is pursued. The effects of cavity and solenoid failure in different locations have been studied and the schemes of compensation by means of local compensation have been investigated. After one cavity failure, by adjusting the settings of the neighbouring cavities and the focusing elements we can make sure that the Twiss parameters and energy are approximately recovered to that of the nominal ones at the matching point. However, the compensation work above is based on the TraceWin code, which has not considered the phase compensation, a code based on MATLAB is under developing to compensate the arrival time at the matching point that the linear space charge effect has also considered.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME020  
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THPME029 Upgrade of Heavy Ion Injector for ITEP-TWAC Facility ion, acceleration, simulation, heavy-ion 3283
 
  • V. Andreev, N.N. Alexeev, A.I. Balabin, M.M. Kats
    ITEP, Moscow, Russia
  • A.A. Metreveli
    MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
  
  A new scheme of heavy ion injector I-3 designed for improvement of accelerated beam parameters has been proposed for ITEP-TWAC Facility. It is based on the usage of two quarter-wave double gap resonators operated on 5 MHz with accelerating voltage of 3 MV per gap. Existing 2.5 MHz double gap resonator will be retuned for operational frequency of 5 MHz and new additional one will be built. The new injector optimized for acceleration of heavy ions with A/Z in the range of 3-10 will allow accelerating any ions from C to U with beam current up to10 mA. Results of both electrodynamics and beam dynamics simulations of the accelerating structures are presented.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME029  
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THPME031 Beam Dynamics Simulation in SC Linac for the Proton Radiotherapy linac, simulation, proton, cavity 3289
 
  • S.M. Polozov, I.A. Ashanin, A.V. Samoshin
    MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
  
  Superconducting linear accelerators based on short independently phased SC cavities are widely used today in ADS and FRIB. Such accelerator can be useful as proton therapy beam source*. The accelerator general layout to accelerate proton beam at the energy range 2-240 MeV will detail in this report. Obviously, in this linac will always violate the principle of synchronicity when the synchronous particle velocity is equal to the phase velocity of the accelerating wave and a slipping of particles relative to the accelerating wave. The beam dynamics simulation shows that linac should consist of four groups of identical cavities. Cavities should have phase velocities as βg=0.1, 0.18, 0.3 and 0.49 respectively. The choice of optimum parameters of accelerating cavities and focusing magnets will discussed and the beam dynamics simulation results will presented.
*S.M. Polozov, A.V. Samoshin. Proc. of LINAC’12, pp. 633-635 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME031  
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THPME041 ESS DTL Status: Redesign and Optimizations DTL, emittance, linac, quadrupole 3314
 
  • R. De Prisco, M. Eshraqi
    ESS, Lund, Sweden
  • M. Comunian, F. Grespan, A. Pisent
    INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy
  • A.R. Karlsson
    Lund University, Lund, Sweden
  
  The European Spallation Source (ESS) uses a linear accelerator to deliver the high intensity proton beam to the target station. The average beam power is 5 MW with a peak beam power at target of 125 MW. In 2013 the ESS linac was costed and to meet the budget some modifications were introduced: the final energy was decreased from 2.5 GeV to 2.0 GeV and the beam current was increased from 50 mA to 62.5 mA to keep the same beam power. As a consequence the ESS Drift Tube Linac, DTL, has been re-designed to match the new requirements. This paper presents the main Radio Frequency (RF) and beam dynamics choices for the ESS DTL.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME041  
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THPME056 A Space-charge Compatible "Tomography" of Beam Phase-space Distributions experiment, simulation, space-charge, beam-transport 3358
 
  • N. Pichoff
    CEA/DSM/IRFU, France
  • A. Lasheen
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  The well-known 3-gradient method allows accessing to a beam RMS emittance and Twiss parameters at a position A by measuring its rms size at a downstream position B with at least 3 different transport conditions from A to B. We suggest extending this method to access to a beam phase-space distribution model at A from beam profiles measured at B. We propose to use an iterative method which consists in: - defining a parametric model describing the beam distribution in 4D transverse phase-space at a position A, - adjusting iteratively the model parameters by minimizing the difference between beam profiles measured at B and these obtained by transporting the beam generated according to the model with TraceWIN code from A to B. This method allows taking into account space-charge and other transport non-linearities.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME056  
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THPRI038 Simulation Study of Electron Gun for Six MeV Linac for X-Ray Cargo Inspection electron, gun, simulation, cathode 3847
 
  • S. Ahmadiannamin, F. AbbasiDavani, R. Ghaderi, F. Ghasemi
    sbu, Tehran, Iran
  • M. Lamehi Rashti
    IPM, Tehran, Iran
  • S. Zarei
    Nuclear Science and Technology Research, InstituteRadiation Application School, Tehran, Iran
  
  Electron guns are designed in different models. Output beam quality and efficiency of the linear accelerator for each application depends on choosing the suitable model of electron gun. The most common types are diode and triode electron guns. Simulation Study of diode electron gun of Six MeV Linac for X-Ray Cargo Inspection represented in this article. Vaughan analytical method was used to obtain the initial dimensions. In final stage, CST Particle Studio software used to obtain the dimensional details.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI038  
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THPRI084 Testing Results of the Prototype Beam Absorber for the PXIE MEBT radiation, simulation, electron, experiment 3967
 
  • C.M. Baffes, A.V. Shemyakin
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  
  Funding: Fermilab is operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC, under Contract DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy
One of the goals of the PXIE program at Fermilab is to demonstrate the capability to form an arbitrary bunch pattern from an initially CW 162.5 MHz H− bunch train coming out of an RFQ. The bunch-by-bunch selection will take place in the 2.1 MeV Medium Energy Beam Transport (MEBT) by directing the undesired bunches onto an absorber that needs to withstand a beam power of up to 21 kW, focused onto a spot with a ~2 mm rms radius. A prototype of the absorber was manufactured from molybdenum alloy TZM, and tested with an electron beam up to the peak surface power density required for PXIE, 17W/mm2. Temperatures and flow parameters were measured and compared to analysis. This paper describes the absorber prototype and key testing results. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI084  
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THPRI094 MadX Tracking Simulations to Determine the Beam loss Distributions for the LHC Quench Tests with ADT Excitation simulation, quadrupole, beam-losses, experiment 3991
 
  • V. Chetvertkova, B. Auchmann, T. Bär, W. Höfle, A. Priebe, M. Sapinski, R. Schmidt, A.P. Verweij, D. Wollmann
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  Quench tests with stored beam were performed in 2013 with one of the LHC main focusing quadrupoles to experimentally verify the quench levels for beam losses in the time scales from a few milliseconds to several seconds. A novel technique combining a 3-corrector orbital bump and transverse-damper kicks was used for inducing the beam losses. MadX tracking simulations were an essential step for determining the spatial and angular beam loss distributions during the experiment. These were then used as input for further energy-deposition and quench-level calculations. In this paper the simulated beam-loss distributions for the respective time scales and experimental parameters are presented. Furthermore the sensitivity of the obtained loss-distributions to the variation of key input parameters, which were measured during the experiment, is discussed.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI094  
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THPRI102 Energy Effciency of Particle Accelerators - A Networking Effort within the EUCARD² Program operation, network, quadrupole, luminosity 4016
 
  • J. Stadlmann, P.J. Spiller
    GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
  • R. Gehring
    KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
  • E. Jensen
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • T.I. Parker
    ESS, Lund, Sweden
  • M. Seidel
    PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
  
  Funding: EuCARD² is co-funded by the partners and the European Commission under Capacities 7th Framework Programme, Grant Agreement 312453
EuCARD² is an Integrating Activity Project for coordinated Research and Development on Particle Accelerators, co-funded by the European Commission under the FP7 Capacities Programme. Within the network EnEfficient we address topics around energy efficiency of research accelerators. The ambitious scientific research goals of modern accelerator facilities lead to high requirements in beam power and beam quality for those research accelerators. In conjunction with the user’s needs the power consumption and environmental impact of the research facilities becomes a major factor in the perception of both funding agencies and the general public. In this Network we combine and focus the R&D done individually at different research centers into a series of workshops. We cover the topics “Energy recovery from cooling circuits “, “Higher electronic efficiency RF power generation“, “Short term energy storage systems”, “Virtual power plants” and “Beam transfer channels with low power consumption”. Our network activities are naturally open to external participants. With this work we will introduce our energy efficiency topics to interested participants and contributors from the whole community. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI102  
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FRXAA01 Beam Dynamics Studies with Non-neutral Plasma Traps plasma, ion, experiment, resonance 4052
 
  • H. Okamoto, K. Fukushima, H. Higaki, K. Ito, K. Moriya, T. Okano, K. Osaki
    HU/AdSM, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
  
  Both Paul ion traps and Penning traps have been employed at Hiroshima University to explore fundamental aspects of space-charge dominated beam dynamics. These compact accelerator-free experiments are based on an isomorphism between non-neutral plasmas in a trap and charged-particle beams traveling in a periodic focusing channel. This talk highlights the recent experimental results on coherent betatron resonances in various strong-focusing lattices, resonance crossing in non-scaling FFAG accelerators, ultra-low emittance beam stability, and halo formation.  
slides icon Slides FRXAA01 [5.557 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-FRXAA01  
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