IPAC2012 - List of Keywords (synchrotron)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOOBB03	An Alternative 1D Model for CSR with Chamber Shielding	impedance, shielding, radiation, vacuum	52
	D. Zhou KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
	An alternative 1D model for modeling the longitudinal coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR) impedance is proposed. The code CSRZ* is used to calculate the CSR impedance with rectangular chamber shielding. Along the beam orbit, which may be formed by multi bends interleaved with drifts, the vacuum chamber is sliced into a series of segments. The low-frequency CSR impedance for each segment, in this case chamber shielding is significant, is obtained by numerical calculations. The high-frequency CSR impedance, in this case chamber shielding is negligible, is estimated by an analytical model*. The wake kick at each segment is computed via inverse Fourier transform of the impedance convolved the the beam spectrum. The most attractive merit of the method for CSR modeling lies in taking into account the realistic chamber shielding. D. Zhou, et al., To be published in Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. ** M. Borland, Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 4, 070701 (2001).
	Slides MOOBB03 [1.856 MB]

MOEPPB010	Measurement of Satellite Bunches at the LHC	photon, emittance, ion, coupling	97
	A. Jeff, M. Andersen, A. Boccardi, S. Bozyigit, E. Bravin, T. Lefèvre, A. Rabiller, F. Roncarolo CERN, Geneva, Switzerland A.S. Fisher SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA C.P. Welsch Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
	Funding: Adam Jeff is a DITANET fellow, supported by the EU's Marie Curie actions contract PITN-GA-2008-215080. The RF gymnastics involved in the delivery of proton and lead ion bunches to the LHC can result in satellite bunches of varying intensity occupying the nominally empty RF buckets. Quantification of these satellites is crucial for bunch-by-bunch luminosity normalization as well as for machine protection. We present an overview of the longitudinal density monitor (LDM) which is the principal instrument for the measurement of satellite bunches in the LHC. The LDM uses single photon counting of synchrotron light. The very high energies reached in the LHC, combined with a dedicated undulator for diagnostics, allow synchrotron light measurements to be made with both protons and heavy ions. The arrival times of photons are collected over a few million turns, with the resulting histogram corrected for the effects of the detector’s deadtime and afterpulsing in order to reconstruct the longitudinal profile of the entire LHC ring. The LDM has achieved a dynamic range in excess of 10⁵ and a time resolution of 90 ps. Example results are presented and the measurements are benchmarked against satellite distributions based on collision data from the LHC experiments.

MOEPPB011	The Two Methods for Beam Profile Measurement of BEPCⅡ Storage Ring	monitoring, synchrotron-radiation, coupling, emittance	100
	L. Wang, J. Cao IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	The two method as spatial interferometor and visible light imaging for real time beam profile measurment for BEPCⅡ Storage Ring will be introduced in detail, including optical Magnification measurment, point spread function measurement, image reversion and spatial coherence measurment. the transverse emittance and copouling coefficient was gotten from the result of the beam profile monitor.

MOEPPB015	Excitation of Intra-bunch Vertical Motion in the SPS - Implications for Feedback Control of Ecloud and TMCI Instabilities	resonance, pick-up, feedback, betatron	112
	J.D. Fox, J.M. Cesaratto, M.T.F. Pivi, C.H. Rivetta, O. Turgut, S. Uemura SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA W. Höfle, U. Wehrle CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-76SF00515 and the US LHC Accelerator Research Program (LARP). Electron cloud and transverse mode coupled-bunch instabilities (TMCI) limit the bunch intensity in the CERN SPS. Intra-bunch fast feedback systems are a possible method to control these effects. This paper presents experimental measurements of single-bunch motion in the SPS driven by a GHz bandwidth vertical excitation system. The primary goal is to quantify the change in internal bunch dynamics as instability thresholds are approached, and quantify the frequencies of internal modes as Ecloud effects become significant. The beam response is sampled at 20 GS/sec. in response to arbitrary excitation patterns, with data in 2011 taken at 3 bunch intensities. We show the excitation of barycentric, head-tail and higher vertical modes. The beam motion is analyzed in the time domain, via animated presentations of the sampled vertical signals, and in the frequency domain, via spectrograms showing the modal frequencies vs. time. The demonstration of the excitation of selected internal modes is a significant step in development of the feedback control techniques. "A 4 GS/Sec. Synchronized Vertical Excitation System for SPS Studies - Steps Towards Wideband Feedback," these proceedings.

MOPPC019	Secondary Electron Yield Measurements of Fermilab’s Main Injector Vacuum Vessel	electron, vacuum, gun, controls	166
	D.J. Scott, D. Capista, K.L. Duel, R.M. Zwaska Fermilab, Batavia, USA S. Greenwald, W. Hartung, Y. Li, T.P. Moore, M.A. Palmer CLASSE, Ithaca, New York, USA R.E. Kirby, M.T.F. Pivi, L. Wang SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
	We discuss the progress made on a new installation in Fermilab’s Main Injector that will help investigate the electron cloud phenomenon by making direct measurements of the secondary electron yield (SEY) of samples irradiated in the accelerator. In the Project X upgrade the Main Injector will have its beam intensity increased by a factor of three compared to current operations. This may result in the beam being subject to instabilities from the electron cloud. Measured SEY values can be used to further constrain simulations and aid our extrapolation to Project X intensities. The SEY test-stand, developed in conjunction with Cornell and SLAC, is capable of measuring the SEY from samples using an incident electron beam when the samples are biased at different voltages. We present the design and manufacture of the test-stand and the results of initial laboratory tests on samples prior to installation.

MOPPC052	Calculation of Synchrotron Radiation from High Intensity Electron Beam at eRHIC	photon, radiation, electron, vacuum	247
	Y.C. Jing, O.V. Chubar, V. Litvinenko BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	The Electron-Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (eRHIC) at Brookhaven National Lab adds an electron beam line to the existing RHIC and improves the luminosity by at least 2 orders of magnitude. It requires a high energy and high intensity electron beam. Thus the synchrotron radiation (SR) coming from the bending magnets and large quadrupoles could be penetrating the vacuum chamber and providing hazard to electronic devices and undesired background for detectors. In this paper, we calculate the SR spectral intensity and power density distributions on the chamber wall, suggest the wall thickness required to stop the SR, calculate heat load on the chamber, and estimate spectral characteristics of the residual and scattered background radiation outside the chamber.

MOPPC066	A Design of Thermionic Electron Gun for Traveling Wave Electron-linac in order to Inject Beam into Booster Synchrotron Accelerator	gun, electron, cathode, simulation	286
	S. Ahmadian, F. AbbasiDavani, F. Ghasemi, M.Sh. Shafiee sbu, Tehran, Iran
	Applying computational codes functioning on the basis of methods such as Finite Integration caused the designing of different parts of an accelerator to be done faster and with more precision. The first step in using new software is the validation of these codes by experimental results, analytic relations or validating them against other codes whose validity has already been proved. This research aims to design an appropriate structure for thermionic electron gun of traveling wave electron-linac to be used to inject beam into synchrotron accelerators. Firstly, a simple structure of an electron gun used in TWT tube was simulated, and the parameters such as current, perveance, waist beam position, waist beam radius, beam radius entering anode aperture, and also the electric potential variation in the anode-cathode distance and the electric field of anode aperture were compared by experimental results and analytic relations. After verifying the software accuracy, a design for an electron gun with energy and current respectively 200 keV, 18 A and also initial beam radius of 8mm and minimum beam radius of 2.4 mm situated at the distance of 67.44mm from the cathode, was presented.

MOPPC077	Simulation and Analysis of the Beam Signal in Taiwan Photon Source Booster	booster, lattice, betatron, multipole	313
	C.C. Chiang, H.-P. Chang, P.J. Chou NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan S.-Y. Lee IUCEEM, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
	The TPS (Taiwan Photon Source) booster is a combined function FODO lattice with six super-periods; the total circumference is 496.8 m. To prepare the analysis tools for beam commissioning, we simulate the TPS booster turn-by-turn BPM data with two programs, MAD-X PTC and Tracy-2.6, which are for both DC (constant beam energy) and AC (beam energy in regular ramping) modes. We analyze the simulation data with MIA (Model Independent Analysis) and ICA (Independent Component Analysis), in order to reconstruct beam parameters like beta function, phase advance, dispersion, etc. We include multipole errors, alignment errors, BPM noises or other noises in simulation, and try to design a good strategy for real data analysis.

MOPPC080	Modeling Space Charge in an FFAG with Zgoubi	space-charge, lattice, emittance, acceleration	322
	S.C. Tygier, R. Appleby, H.L. Owen UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom R.J. Barlow University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom
	The Zgoubi particle tracker uses a ray tracing algorithm that can accurately track particles with large offset from any reference momentum and trajectory, making it suitable for FFAGs. In high current FFAGs, for example an ADSR driver, space charge has a significant effect on the beam. A transverse space charge model was added to Zgoubi using the interface pyZgoubi. The magnets are sliced and a space charge kick is applied between each slice. Results are presented for an ADSR driver lattice.

MOPPC084	G4beamline Code Development	space-charge, electron, collider, radiation	334
	T.J. Roberts Muons, Inc, Batavia, USA
	Funding: Supported in part by DoE STTR grant DE-FG02-06ER86281. G4beamline is a single-particle-tracking simulation program based on Geant4, optimized specifically for beam lines. It is currently used by several hundred physicists and designers around the world, who apply it to a diverse set of interesting problems. As it includes particle decays and interactions, it is applicable to beams for which decays and interactions are important, such as modern muon facilities that involve ionization cooling. Its description language has been designed to be both versatile and user-friendly, and the program includes high-quality visualization and histogramming capabilities. This paper discusses recent code development and new features, and some interesting applications of the program. G4beamline is an open-source program freely available at http://g4beamline.muonsinc.com

MOPPC085	An Integrated Green Function Poisson Solver for Rectangular Waveguides	simulation, space-charge, beam-beam-effects	337
	R.D. Ryne LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
	Funding: DOE Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics and Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research A new method is presented for solving Poisson's equation inside a rectangular waveguide. The method uses Fast Fourier Transforms (FFTs) to perform mixed convolutions and correlations of the charge density with an integrated Green function. Due to its similarity to the widely used Hockney algorithm for solving Poisson's equation in free space, this capability can be easily implemented in many existing particle-in-cell beam dynamics codes.

MOPPD007	Towards Routine Operation of the Scintillation Profile Monitor at COSY	electron, vacuum, injection, proton	382
	V. Kamerdzhiev, J. Dietrich, K. Reimers FZJ, Jülich, Germany C. Böhme ESS, Lund, Sweden A. Pernizki INP, Jülich, Germany
	The optics of the Scintillation Profile Monitor (SPM) was modified to correct the large error observed in previous measurements. Beam profile measurements were carried out after reinstallation in the COSY ring, showing reasonable agreement with profiles, measured with the ionization profile monitor. Performance of the SPM is analyzed. Application of the method in a proton synchrotron is discussed.

MOPPD011	Analysis of Frequency Spectrum of Bunched Beam Related to Transverse Laser Cooling*	laser, betatron, coupling, ion	391
	K. Jimbo Kyoto University, Institute for Advanced Energy, Kyoto, Japan Z.Q. He TUB, Beijing, People's Republic of China M. Nakao, A. Noda, H. Souda, H. Tongu Kyoto ICR, Uji, Kyoto, Japan
	Using synchro-betatron coupling, transverse laser cooling is pursued at an ion storage/cooler ring, S-LSR, Kyoto University. A bunched 40 keV 24Mg+ beam was cooled by a co-propagating laser of 280 nm wavelength. Synchrotron oscillation in the longitudinal direction and betatron oscillation in the horizontal direction were intentionally coupled by an RF drift tube located at the finite dispersive section (D =1.1 m) where longitudinal cooling force was transmitted to the horizontal direction.* Analyzing bunched Schottky signals, which represents longitudinal physical quantities of the beam, we try to obtain an evidence of synchro-betatron coupling and accordingly laser cooling of the beam in the transverse direction. * H. Okamoto, Phys. Rev. E 50, 4982 (1994)

MOPPD012	Challenge for More Efficient Transverse Laser Cooling for Beam Crystallization	laser, ion, simulation, betatron	394
	A. Noda, M. Nakao, H. Souda, H. Tongu Kyoto ICR, Uji, Kyoto, Japan M. Grieser MPI-K, Heidelberg, Germany Z.Q. He TUB, Beijing, People's Republic of China K. Ito, H. Okamoto, K. Osaki HU/AdSM, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan K. Jimbo Kyoto University, Institute for Advanced Energy, Kyoto, Japan Y. Yuri JAEA/TARRI, Gunma-ken, Japan
	Funding: Work supported by Advanced Compact Accelerator Development project by MEXT. Also supported by GCOE project at Kyoto University, The next generation of Physics-Spun from Universality and Emergency. At S-LSR in ICR, Kyoto University, Mg ion beam has been successfully laser cooled both in longitudinal* and transverse** directions. The cooling rate, however, is not strong enough to realize the crystalline beam due to the heating because of intra-beam scattering (IBS) effect. So as to suppress this IBS, reduction of the beam intensity is inevitable, which however, had resulted in poor S/N ratio for observation of the transverse beam size. In the present paper, we would like to describe a new beam scraping scheme, which selects out the beams in the distribution tail of the transverse phase space keeping the beam density in the core part by simultaneous application of multi-dimensional laser cooling and beam scraping. The strategy to reduce the beam intensity and hence beam heating due to IBS by a controlled scraping of the outskirt beam keeping the beam density at core part almost the same, has been searched by combination of the beam experiments and computer simulations. * M. Tanabe et al., Applied Physics Express 1, 028001 (2008). ** M. Nakao et al., submitted to PRST-AB.

MOPPD018	A FFAG Design Study for an Accelerator-driven System	proton, resonance, acceleration, focusing	403
	T.-Y. Lee, H.-S. Kang, H.-S. Lee PAL, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea
	Design of a 1 GeV FFAG accelerator is studied for the accelerator-driven sub-critical nuclear reactor system. Scaling and non-scaling lattices are studied and compared with each other. Corresponding magnet design and RF system are considered.

MOPPD063	A 180 MeV Injection System for the ISIS Synchrotron	injection, dipole, electron, simulation	511
	B. Jones, D.J. Adams, M.C. Hughes, S.J.S. Jago, H. V. Smith, C.M. Warsop, R.E. Williamson STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
	The ISIS Facility at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in the UK produces intense neutron and muon beams for condensed matter research. It operates at 50 Hz accelerating 3x10¹³ protons per pulse via a 70 MeV H⁻ linac and an 800 MeV proton synchrotron, delivering a mean beam power of 0.2 MW. A favoured first step to upgrade ISIS towards the megawatt regime is replacement of the linac with a new 180 MeV injector. Studies of this upgrade, which aims to increase mean beam power up to 0.5 MW are continuing. This paper summarises designs for a new injection region including beam dynamics and related hardware.

MOPPP003	Comparison of Various Sources of Coherent THz Radiation at FLUTE	radiation, electron, linac, synchrotron-radiation	568
	M. Schwarz, E. Huttel, A.-S. Müller, S. Naknaimueang, M.J. Nasse, R. Rossmanith, M. Schuh, P. Wesolowski KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany M.T. Schmelling MPI-K, Heidelberg, Germany
	The "Ferninfrarot Linac- Und Test-Experiment" FLUTE, based on a 50 MeV S-band linac with bunch compressor, is currently under construction at the KIT in Karlsruhe in order to study the production of coherent radiation in the Terahertz frequency range. The three photon generating mechanisms investigated in this paper are coherent synchrotron-, edge-, and transition radiation. For each case, we present the spectra and peak electric fields calculated from longitudinal charge distributions of a short, low charge and a long, high charge bunch. The respective bunch shapes are obtained by a detailed simulation (particle tracking) of FLUTE. We also give the expected temporal evolution of the electric field pulses.

MOPPP049	Deposition and In-Situ Characterization of Alkali Antimonide Photocathodes	cathode, vacuum, scattering, diagnostics	670
	X. Liang SBU, Stony Brook, New York, USA K. Attenkofer ANL, Argonne, USA I. Ben-Zvi, M. Ruiz-Osés Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, USA H.A. Padmore, T. Vecchione LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA S.G. Schubert HZB, Berlin, Germany J. Smedley BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	Funding: This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U. S. Department of Energy, under Contract No. KC0407-ALSJNT-I0013, and DE-SC0005713. Alkali antimonide cathodes have the potential to provide high quantum efficiency for visible light, and are significantly more tolerant of vacuum contaminants than GaAs, so they are attractive for high-average-current photoinjectors to generate high quality electron beams. These cathodes are crystalline; however, standard growth recipes used today do not produce large crystals. We have grown multi-alkali cathodes on silicon and molybdenum substrates with in-situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray reflection (XRR) analysis. The correlation of the cathode structure to the growth parameters and quantum efficiency was explored. During the deposition and evaporation of Sb and K layers, the possibility of selective growth of specific crystalline orientation was observed via X-ray diffraction.

MOPPP058	Improvements to the APS Booster Injection Controllaw Process	injection, controls, booster, lattice	693
	C. Yao, F. Lenkszus, H. Shang, S. Xu ANL, Argonne, USA
	Funding: Work supported by U.S. Department of Energy, Offices of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under contract No. DE-AC02-06- CH11357. The APS booster is a 7-GeV electron synchrotron with a 0.5-second cycle time. The booster runs a set of injection control programs that corrects the injection beam trajectory based on the beam history of two BPMs. An IOC process calculates the I and Q components of beam oscillation from turn-by turn beam position samples over the first 64 turns. The booster injection control programs apply phase, energy, and transverse angle correction based on the result of the IOC processing. The initial system was installed in 2007. Since installation the system has mostly worked well for normal user operations. However, occasionally the system has yielded inconsistent results. Recently we reviewed the signal and processes involved in this system and made necessary upgrades to some components, including selection of a new set of two input BPMs, optimization of FFT parameters, and addition of an injection tune control program. These upgrades have significantly improved the effectiveness and consistency of the system. We report the findings, analysis, and results.

MOPPP064	Challenges of Quasiperiodic APPLE Undulators	undulator, lattice, polarization, synchrotron-radiation	705
	J. Bahrdt HZB, Berlin, Germany S. Sasaki HSRC, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
	APPLE undulators have become workhorses in many synchrotron radiation facilities for the production of variably polarized light. In helical mode higher harmonics are not produced. In linear mode (horizontal, vertical, inclined) higher harmonics may contaminate the first harmonic and spoil the quality of experimental data. Planar undulators employing a quasiperiodic magnetic structure have been built and they are successfully operated at several places. The implementation of a quasiperiodic lattice in an APPLE undulator is more complicated since the device is operated in various modes of operation. The proposed APS-upgrade includes a quasiperiodic APPLE undulator which is intended to be operated in the range 2.4-27 keV. A detailed analysis of the magnetic and spectral performance of this device is presented.

MOPPP067	In-vacuum, Cryogen-free Field Measurement System for Superconducting Undulator Coils	undulator, vacuum, insertion, insertion-device	714
	A.W. Grau, T. Baumbach, S. Casalbuoni, S. Gerstl, M. Hagelstein, T. Holubek, D. Saez de Jauregui Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
	The performance of superconducting insertion devices (IDs) depends strongly on the magnetic field quality. Before installing IDs in synchrotron light sources the characterization and precise measurements of their magnetic properties are of fundamental importance. Improvements in magnetic field measurement technology of conventional, i.e. permanent magnet based IDs, made significant progress during the last years and push the capabilities of synchrotron light sources. For superconducting IDs similar major developments are necessary. As a part of our R&D program for superconducting insertion devices we perform quality assessment of their magnetic field properties. This contribution describes details and challenges of the cryostat and measurement setup assembly to perform magnetic measurements of the local field and of the field integrals of superconducting undulator coils in a cold in-vacuum (cryogen free) environment. The focus will be on the outcome of the final acceptance test together with results of first tests performed with mock-up coils.

MOPPP075	The Research on Magnetic Properties of Magnet for SSRF Cryogenic Permanent Magnet Undulator	cryogenics, undulator, permanent-magnet, radiation	735
	Y.Z. He, L. Wang, Q.G. Zhou SINAP, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
	The temperature coefficient of Br and Hci of Nd2Fe14B and Pr2Fe14B permanent magnet are about -0.1 K-1 and -0.6 K-1 respectively, the higher Br and Hci can be obtained at low temperature. By this theory, a cryogenic permanent magnet undulator(CPMU) may be designed, the maximum magnetic field and the Hci of permanent magnet increased 10-50% and 300-500% respectively, compared with the conventional undulators, the higher brightness X-rays and the more resistance to radiation of undulators can be obtained. The Pr2Fe14B permanent magnet has better potential magnetic properties than the Nd2Fe14B permanent magnet at low temperature for having no spin reorientation phenomenon. The permanent magnets are key “heart” magnetic components for cryogenic permanent magnet undulator, since January 2012, the research plan on magnetic properties of domestic permanent magnet for SSRF cryogenic permanent magnet undulator at low temperature by the support of Shanghai and Nation Nature science funds be started, the paper introduced research status of the item.

MOPPP077	Heat Load Budget on TPS Undulator in Vacuum	undulator, radiation, synchrotron-radiation, vacuum	741
	J.C. Huang, J. Chen, C.-S. Hwang, F.-Y. Lin, Y.T. Yu NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	The performance of an insertion device is limited by the magnet gap because a small gap affects the dynamic aperture and results in a short life time of the beam. An in-vacuum undulator is designed to have no vacuum chamber between the magnet arrays so to allow the entire magnet gap to be fully used for the dynamic aperture. An in-vacuum undulator can optimally minimize the gap to achieve continuous energy spectra. One problem of an undulator with a small gap is resistive wall heating by the image current. The heat load depends strongly on the injected mode in the storage ring; injection of multiple bunches might deteriorate the thermal performance for the magnet array. In this paper, we present a calculation of the heat load budget for a magnet array of an in-vacuum undulator of Taiwan Photon Source (TPS).

MOPPP089	Development of a PrFeB Cryogenic Undulator at NSLS-II	undulator, cryogenics, vacuum, permanent-magnet	762
	C.A. Kitegi, P. Cappadoro, O.V. Chubar, T.M. Corwin, H.C. Fernandes, D.A. Harder, P. He, G. Rakowsky, J. Rank, C. Rhein, T. Tanabe BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	Recent cryogenic undulators use Praseodymium-Iron-Boron (PrFeB) magnets cooled down to 80K. The main drawn drawback of the PrFeB magnet grades developed so far are their relative low coercive field at ambient temperature, below 2 T which prevents PrFeB based cryogenic undulator from baking. Some precautions are required during the undulator assembling and shimming to ensure ultra high vacuum compatibility. However Hitachi Metal Industry (HMI) recently developed two different grades of PrFeB magnet with large coercive field but at the expense of the remanent field. The magnetization curves have been measured from 40 K up to 400 K to determine the field increase and to investigate the magnet withstanding to baking. An IVU prototype has also been baked. Magnetic measurements before and after baking are also presented.

MOPPR001	Resonant Spin Depolarisation Measurements at the SPEAR3 Electron Storage Ring	storage-ring, electron, lattice, polarization	771
	K.P. Wootton, R.P. Rassool The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia M.J. Boland, Y.E. Tan ASCo, Clayton, Victoria, Australia W.J. Corbett, M.H. Donald, X. Huang, R.R. Ortiz, J.A. Safranek, K. Tian SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
	Accurate electron beam energy measurements are valuable for precision lattice modelling of high-brightness light sources. At SPEAR3 the beam energy was measured using the resonant spin depolarisation method with striplines to resonantly excite the spin tune and a sensitive NaI scintillator beam loss monitor was used to detect resulting changes in Touschek lifetime. Using the combined apparatus an electron beam energy of 2.997251(7) GeV was measured, giving a relative uncertainty better than 3x10^-6. The measured momentum compaction factor was found to be in close agreement with the numerical model value using rectangular defocussing gradient dipoles with measured magnetic field map profiles. In this paper we outline the chosen experimental technique, with emphasis on its applicability to electron storage rings in general.

MOPPR002	Overview of the Beam Diagnostics in the MedAustron Accelerator: Design Choices and Test Beam Commissioning	emittance, injection, extraction, proton	774
	F. Osmic, M. Feurstein, A. Gyorgy, A. Kerschbaum, M. Repovz, S.M. Schwarz EBG MedAustron, Wr. Neustadt, Austria G. Burtin CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The MedAustron center is a synchrotron based accelerator complex for cancer treatment and for clinical and non-clinical research with protons and light ions, currently under construction in Wiener Neustadt, Austria. The accelerator complex is based on the CERN-PIMMS study and its technical implementation by the Italian CNAO foundation in Pavia. The MedAustron beam diagnostics system is based on sixteen different monitor types (153 devices in total) and will allow measuring all relevant beam parameters from the source to the irradiation rooms. The monitors will have to cope with large intensity and energy ranges. Currently, one ion source, the low energy beam transfer line and the RFQ are being commissioned in the Injector Test Stand (ITS) at CERN. This paper gives an overview of all beam monitors foreseen for the MedAustron accelerator, elaborates some of the design choices, and reports the first beam commissioning results from the ITS.

MOPPR010	Simultaneous Measurement of Emittance at the Storage Ring and the External Beamlines of ELSA	emittance, quadrupole, extraction, diagnostics	792
	S. Zander, F. Frommberger, W. Hillert, D. Proft ELSA, Bonn, Germany
	Funding: Funded by the DFG within the SFB / TR 16. The Electron Stretcher Facility (ELSA) consists of several accelerator stages, the last one being a storage ring providing a beam of polarized electrons of up to 3.5 GeV. To ensure a high duty cycle, a slow extraction via a third integer resonance is applied at ELSA. The resonance extraction cause a variation of the emittance in the external beamline. A system for simultaneous measurement of emittance in the storage ring and the external beamlines has been installed. First results including a comparison of both emittances will be shown.

MOPPR011	A New Diagnostic Beamline at ELSA	radiation, synchrotron-radiation, diagnostics, electron	795
	S. Zander, F. Frommberger, P. Hänisch, W. Hillert, B. Neff ELSA, Bonn, Germany
	Funding: Funded by the DFG within the SFB / TR 16. At the Electron Stretcher Facility (ELSA), a new synchrotron light diagnostic Beamline has been installed in order to perform high resolution, transversal and longitudinal beam profile measurements by analyzing the emitted synchrotron light. For this purpose, the main deflecting AL mirror selects a wide range of wavelengths from 200–800 nm out of the whole synchrotron spectrum. The setup of the beamline and its relevant components will be presented.

MOPPR013	Beam Loss and Transmission Control at FAIR	controls, ion, proton, extraction	801
	M. Schwickert, T. Hoffmann, F. Kurian, H. Reeg, A. Reiter GSI, Darmstadt, Germany W. Vodel HIJ, Jena, Germany
	FAIR, the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research, is presently entering the final layout phase at GSI. The injector chain consists of the existing linear accelerator UNILAC and synchrotron SIS18, plus a new dedicated 70 MeV high-intensity proton Linac. Along the injector chain to the main synchrotron SIS100 as well as in the beam transport lines, which connect synchrotrons, storage rings and experimental areas, beam transmission or vice versa beam loss have to be controlled very precisely. To supply a maximum intensity of 5·10¹¹ U²⁸⁺/spill to experiments and to prevent machine damages by intense beams, an integrated system for transmission and loss control is mandatory. While various kinds of beam current transformers control transmission online, intercepting Particle Detector Combinations (scintillators, ionization chambers, secondary electron monitors) are foreseen for optimization runs. External Beam Loss Monitors indirectly detect loss positions by measuring secondary particles. This contribution summarizes the requirements for the related detector systems and presents basic concepts for beam loss and transmission control at FAIR.

MOPPR015	Bunch-by-bunch Feedback Systems at the DELTA Storage Ring	feedback, kicker, electron, injection	807
	M. Höner, M. Bakr, H. Huck, S. Khan, R. Molo, A. Nowaczyk, A. Schick, P. Ungelenk, M. Zeinalzadeh DELTA, Dortmund, Germany
	Funding: Work supported by BMBF (05K10PEB) At the DELTA 1.5-GeV electron storage ring operated as a synchrotron radiation source by the TU Dortmund University, bunch-by-bunch feedback systems have been recently installed and commissioned to detect and suppress longitudinal as well as transverse multibunch instabilities. Besides that, the feedback systems are used as a diagnostics tool. Growth rates of multibunch instabilities and their dependence on the beam current have been measured. Additionally, the oscillation amplitudes of electron bunches have been studied during the injection process.

MOPPR021	Commissioning of a New Beam-position Monitoring System at ANKA	booster, controls, brilliance, feedback	825
	S. Marsching, N. Hiller, E. Huttel, V. Judin, B. Kehrer, M. Klein, C.A.J. Meuter, A.-S. Müller, M.J. Nasse, M. Schuh, N.J. Smale, M. Streichert KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany G. Rehm Diamond, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
	A new beam-position monitoring and diagnostic system is being commissioned at ANKA, the synchrotron light source of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology. This system is based on 40 Libera Brilliance devices from Instrumentation Technologies. It provides turn-by-turn information about the beam position. This information can be used for beam diagnostics (e.g. finding the position where the beam is lost during injection phase) and can also form the base of a fast orbit-correction scheme. We have performed studies to assess the performance of the new BPM system in comparison to the old system being replaced. In order to optimize the commissioning process we have developed a scheme for switching to the new system gradually by integrating it with the MATLAB Middle-Layer using EPICS control software. In this contribution we present the results of our comparison of the two BPM systems and provide an insight into the experience gained during the commissioning process.

MOPPR030	Various Methods to Measure the Betatron Tune of the Synchrotoron	betatron, closed-orbit, pick-up, injection	843
	S. Hatakeyama JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan
	Generally in the synchrotron, the frequency of transverse oscillation of the bunched beam for each single turn (usually called betatron tune or just "tune") is one of fundamental controllable knobs to avoid the instability of the accelerator. In this report, it is not mentioned about the effect to the beam instability but it is focused to various methods to measure the betatron tune by using bunch-by-bunch transverse beam position. The following items will be presented, (1) least square fitting to the time-domain beam position at specific location. (2) peak finding of the frequency-domain beam position at specific location. (3) phase space analysis of the beam position at specific location.(4) frequency-domain analysis of the beam position in the normalized coordinate at many locations in the ring orbit. For the application to the real accelerator, data of the J-PARC (Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex) will be shown.

MOPPR047	Study of the Response of Low Pressure Ionisation Chambers	proton, target, electron, monitoring	888
	E. Nebot Del Busto, B. Dehning, E. Effinger, V. Grishin, J.F. Herranz Alvarez CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The Beam Loss Monitoring System (BLM) of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is based on parallel plate Ionization Chambers (IC) with active volume ~1.5l and a nitrogen filling gas at 0.1 bar overpressure. At the largest loss locations, the ICs generate signals large enough to saturate the read-out electronics. A reduction of the active volume and filling pressure in the ICs would decrease the amount of charge collected in the electrodes, and so provide a higher saturation limit using the same electroncis. This makes Little Ionization Chambers (LIC) filled with both reduced pressure and active volume a good candidate for these high radiation areas. In this contribution we present measurements performed with several LIC monitors with reduced active volume and various filling pressures. These detectors were tested under various conditions with different beam setups, with standard LHC ICs used for calibration purposes.

MOPPR050	Design and Analysis of EPU XBPM in TPS	undulator, photon, synchrotron-radiation, radiation	894
	A. Sheng, C.M. Cheng, C.K. Kuan NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan D. Shu ANL, Argonne, USA
	Several planer and elliptical polarized undulators (EPU) beam lines have been proposed and are to be built for Taiwan Photon Source (TPS) in National Synchrotron Research Center (NSRRC). Due to its complexity, with changing of vertical as well as horizontal deflection parameters (Kx and Ky), one finds that regular diamond bladed photon beam position monitor (XBPM) would not be sufficient to detect the center location of the undulator. A new conceptual design of EPU XBPM has been analyzed both in thermal as well as photon aspects. A prototype by taking advantage of fluorescent some of the diamond detectors has been designed and implemented in Taiwan Light Source (TLS) for testing. Some analysis and design scenarios are presented in this paper.

MOPPR053	Improvement of BPM System for the Siam Photon Source	storage-ring, shielding, photon, controls	903
	P. Songsiriritthigul, S. Boonsuya, S. Klinkhieo, P. Klysubun, S. Krainara, P. Sudmuang, N. Suradet SLRI, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand J.-R. Chen, H.P. Hsueh, Y.-H. Liu NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan S. Rujirawat, P. Songsiriritthigul Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
	The Siam Photon Source (SPS) is the first synchrotron light source ever built by modifying and relocating a light source from one country to another. The SPS produced its first light in Dec 2001. The machine has been used to provide regularly synchrotron light for users since 2005. Systematic studies and investigations of the machine have properly been carried out under the supervision of the International Advisory Committee of SLRI in the last two years. This report describes the improvement of the beam position monitoring (BPM) system for the 1.2 GeV storage ring of SPS. The efficiency and reliability of the original BPM system was greatly hindered by the low quality signal cables. The replacement with the higher quality (lower loss and better interference shielding) BPM cables and the implementation of a separated cable tray for the BPM cables have significantly improved the quality of the BPM signals, allowing the possibilities for machine study and thus providing further improvement of the machine. Detailed descriptions of the work on the BPM electronic boards will be described. The measurement results before and after the improvement of the BPM system will also be presented.

MOPPR054	Beam Size Measurement at Siam Photon Source Storage Ring	storage-ring, monitoring, radiation, photon	906
	P. Sudmuang, N. Deethae, P. Klysubun, S. Krainara, T. Poolampong, K. Sitisart, N. Suradet SLRI, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
	Synchrotron radiation interferometer and direct imaging setups have been installed and subsequently utilized to investigate transverse beam profile at the Siam Photon Source (SPS). Details of the optical setup as well as the beam sizes determined from the measurement will be presented. Comparison between the measured and theoretical values as established by linear optics calibration will be made and discussed. In order to demonstrate the beam profiling capability of the interferometer and direct imaging systems, measurements with different operating parameters have been carried out and the results will be presented as well.

MOPPR064	Development of a Turn-by-Turn Beam Position Monitoring System for Multiple Bunch Operation of the ATF Damping Ring	extraction, damping, feedback, monitoring	930
	P. Burrows, R. Apsimon, D.R. Bett, N. Blaskovic Kraljevic, G.B. Christian, M.R. Davis, A. Gerbershagen, C. Perry JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom B. Constance CERN, Geneva, Switzerland J. Resta-López IFIC, Valencia, Spain
	An FPGA-based monitoring system has been developed to study multi-bunch beam instabilities in the damping ring (DR) of the KEK Accelerator Test Facility (ATF). The system utilises a stripline beam position monitor (BPM) and a single-stage down-mixing BPM processor. The system is designed to record the horizontal and/or vertical positions of up to three bunches in the DR with c. 150ns bunch spacing, or the head bunch of up to three trains in a multi-bunch mode with bunch spacing of 5.6 ns. The FPGA firmware and data acquisition software allow the recording of turn-by-turn data. An overview of the system and performance results will be presented.

MOPPR079	Horizontal Beam-size Measurements at CESR-TA Using Synchrotron-light Interferometer	emittance, synchrotron-radiation, scattering, lattice	972
	S. Wang, J.V. Conway, D.L. Hartill, M.A. Palmer, D. L. Rubin CLASSE, Ithaca, New York, USA R.F. Campbell, R. Holtzapple CalPoly, San Luis Obispo, California, USA
	Funding: DOE Award DE-FC02-08ER41538 NSF Award (PHY-0734867) NSF Award (PHY-1002467) NSF Award (PHY-1068662). A horizontal beam profile monitor utilizing visible synchrotron radiation from a bending magnet has been designed and installed in CESR. The monitor employs a double-slit interferometer which has been successfully implemented to measure horizontal beam sizes over a wide range of beam currents. By varying the separation of the slits, beam sizes ranging from 50 to 500 microns can be measured with a resolution of approximately 5 microns. The method for extracting the horizontal beam size from the interference pattern is presented and its application to intrabeam scattering studies is described. A configuration for measuring the small vertical beam size is also discussed.

TUXA01	Status of the J-PARC Facility	linac, neutron, extraction, hadron	1005
	S. Nagamiya JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan
	This presentation should provide a summary of the status and eventual re-commissioning of the J-PARC facility following the 2011 earth quake and tsunami.
	Slides TUXA01 [33.003 MB]

TUOAB03	Five Years of Accelerator Operation Experience at HIT	ion, controls, ion-source, linac	1083
	A. Peters, R. Cee, E. Feldmeier, M. Galonska, Th. Haberer, K. Höppner, S. Scheloske, C. Schömers, T. Winkelmann HIT, Heidelberg, Germany
	Since spring 2007 the HIT company, a 100% daughter of the Heidelberg University Hospital, has taken over the responsibility for the operation of the first dedicated European ion beam tumour therapy facility. In 2009 the clinical operation started and since then more than 800 patients were treated in the facility. This success is based on a well-trained and highly-motivated team of physicists, engineers and technicians responsible for the 24/7 operation scheme as well as for more than 70% of the accelerator maintenance. The paper will give an overview of the operation organization reflecting the overall beam time schedule. In addition, the accelerator statistics will prove the achieved high availability of about 98% besides planned maintenance time. Furthermore, the reliability of the HIT accelerator including the gantry section will be illustrated resulting in long intervals before necessary retuning. At last, an outlook to further enhancements of the facility operation will be presented.
	Slides TUOAB03 [7.526 MB]

TUOAC02	Development of HTS Magnets	dipole, superconductivity, resonance, neutron	1095
	K. Hatanaka, M. Fukuda, N. Hamatani, N. Izumi, K. Kamakura, T. Saito, H. Ueda, Y. Yasuda, T. Yorita RCNP, Osaka, Japan T. Kawaguchi KT Science Ltd., Akashi, Japan
	A quarter of a century has passed since the discovery of high-temperature superconductor (HTS) materials in 1986. Although many prototype devices using HTS wires have been developed, these applications are presently rather limited in accelerator and beam line facilities. We have investigated the performance of HTS wires applied for magnets excited by alternating current (AC) as well as direct current (DC) for a decade. In order to check feasibilities of pulse magnets using HTS wire, we have fabricated a super-ferric dipole magnet to be operated by lumping currents. Upper and lower coil consists of 3 double pancakes of 200 turns. Critical currents were measured of wire measured at 77K. Self-field Ic of wire was higher than 160A. Ic values of double pancakes were 60-70A. After stacking, they were 47A and 51A for the upper and lower coil, respectively. Cooling tests were successfully done and the Ic values were measured to be 280A at 20K. Performance tests are ongoing in the pulse mode operation.
	Slides TUOAC02 [5.252 MB]

TUEPPB004	A Longitudinal Beam Dynamics Code for Proton Synchrotron	cavity, simulation, space-charge, bunching	1119
	Y.S. Yuan, N. Wang, S. Wang, S.Y. Xu IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	The accelerator of China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) consists of an 80 MeV linac and a 1.6 GeV Rapid Cycling Synchrotron (RCS). Longitudinal beam dynamics study is one of the most important issues for RCS beam dynamics design. However, the existing codes cannot meet the requirement of longitudinal beam dynamics for CSNS/RCS. A new code has been developed for longitudinal beam dynamics design and simulation. The code can perform the voltage and phase curves design for non-sinusoidal magnetic field of dipole in an RCS cycle, with the fundamental RF mode and dual harmonic mode. The code can also be used for the beam simulation with longitudinal space charge effect, including the effects of higher order mode of RF cavities. By using the code, the longitudinal beam dynamics of CSNS/RCS was designed and optimized, and the simulation study with dual harmonics higher order modes of RF cavity was done, and the simulation results are presented.

TUEPPB008	Status Report on the Iranian Light Source Facility Project	storage-ring, booster, cavity, dipole	1131
	J. Rahighi, H. Ajam, R. Aslani, S. Fatehi, H. Ghasem, M.R. Khabazi, R. Safian, E. Salimi, A. Shahveh IPM, Tehran, Iran E. Ahmadi, M. Jafarzadeh, H.B. Jalali, M. Moradi, S. Pirani, M. Rahimi, A. Sadeghipanah, F. Saeidi, Kh.S. Sarhadi, A. Shahverdi ILSF, Tehran, Iran D. Einfeld CELLS-ALBA Synchrotron, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
	The Iranian Light Source Facility Project (ILSF) is a 3rd generation light source with an energy of 3 GeV,a full energy injector and a 100 MeV linac as preinjector. For storage ring, booster synchrotron and linac including the transfer lines, a draft design has been completed and will be presented. The storage ring has an emittance of 3.3 nm-rad, a circumference of 297.6 meters with an overall of 32 straight sections of different lengths. The booster synchrotron has a circumference of 197 meters and emittance of 35nm-rad. For the booster synchrotron a new lattice is proposed. The linac is a conventional 150 MeV accelerator. The different accelerator components, magnets, girders, power supplies, vacuum systems etc. are in the design phase. State of the art design for different components is employed through international collaboration.

TUPPC038	Interaction Region Optics for the Non-Interacting LHC Proton Beam at the LHeC	proton, electron, optics, quadrupole	1245
	L.N.S. Thompson Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom R. Appleby UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom O.S. Brüning, B.J. Holzer CERN, Geneva, Switzerland M. Klein The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom P. Kostka DESY Zeuthen, Zeuthen, Germany
	The Large Hadron Electron Collider project is a proposal to study e-p and e-A interactions at the LHC. Two electron accelerator designs are being studied; a linac and a synchrotron. In the synchrotron option, a 60GeV electron beam is collided with one of the LHC proton beams to provide high luminosity TeV-scale interactions. The interaction region for this scheme is complex and introduces a series of challenges due to the integration of the two machines. One of these is the optics of the second non-interacting proton beam. The second proton beam must not interfere with the LHeC experiment, but simultaneous running of the remaining LHC experiments requires that this beam must still circulate relatively undisturbed. This paper discusses methods to solve these challenges for the electron synchrotron design.

TUPPC039	Synchrotron Radiation Studies for a Ring-Ring LHeC Interaction Region and Long Straight Section	dipole, electron, proton, quadrupole	1248
	L.N.S. Thompson Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom R. Appleby UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom N.R. Bernard ETH, Zurich, Switzerland O.S. Brüning, B.J. Holzer CERN, Geneva, Switzerland M. Klein The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom P. Kostka DESY Zeuthen, Zeuthen, Germany B. Nagorny DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	The Large Hadron Electron Collider project is a proposal to study e-p and e-A interactions at the LHC. In the design for an electron synchrotron (alternative designs for a linac are also under development), a 60GeV e± beam is collided with a 7TeV LHC proton beam to produce TeV-scale collisions. Despite being much lower energy than the proton beam, the electron beam is high enough energy to produce significant amounts of synchrotron radiation (SR). This places strong constraints on beam optics and bending. In particular challenges arise with the complex geometry required by the long straight section (LSS) and interaction region (IR). This includes the coupled nature of the proton and electron optics, as SR produced by the electron beam must not be allowed to quench the superconducting proton magnets or create problems with beam-gas backgrounds. Despite this, the electron beam must be deflected significantly within the IR to produce sufficient separation from the proton beam.

TUPPC043	Design of Accumulator and Compressor Rings for the Project-X Based Proton Driver	lattice, proton, linac, optics	1260
	Y. Alexahin, D.V. Neuffer Fermilab, Batavia, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC, under contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy. A Muon Collider (MC) and Neutrino Factory (NF), which may be considered as a step towards MC, both require high-power (~4 MW) proton driver providing short (<1m) bunches for muon production. However, the driver repetition rate required for these two machines is different: ~15 Hz for MC and ~60 Hz for NF. This difference necessitates employing two separate rings: one for accumulation of the proton beam from the Project-X linac in a few (e.g., 4) long bunches, the other for bunch compression - one by one for NF or all at a time for MC with simultaneous delivery to the target. The lattice requirements for these two rings are different: the momentum compaction factor in the accumulator ring should be large (and possibly negative) to avoid the microwave instability, while the compressor ring can be nearly isochronous in order to limit the required RF voltage and reduce the dispersion contribution to the beam size. In the present report we consider ring lattice designs which achieve these goals.

TUPPC067	How to Achieve Longitudinally Polarized Electrons using Integer Spin Tune Resonances	polarization, resonance, dipole, electron	1326
	O. Boldt, A. Dieckmann, F. Frommberger, W. Hillert, J.F. Schmidt ELSA, Bonn, Germany
	Funding: Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung Commonly, strong solenoids are used in circular accelerators to achieve longitudinal polarization. In practice, however, these solenoids cause a phase space coupling, which has to be compensated for by sophisticated decoupling schemes. We suggest to adiabatically ramp into an integer spin tune resonance, while preserving the degree of polarization. When appropriately adjusting the driving horizontal field contributions at the final energy, the resulting polarization is longitudinal at predefined positions in the accelerator. Here, depending on the energy spread, the degree of polarization is conserved for several seconds. The contribution shows the numerical analysis of this scenario being confirmed by first demonstration tests at the ELSA stretcher ring.

TUPPC081	First Experimental Observations from the LHC Dynamic Aperture Experiment	dynamic-aperture, kicker, beam-losses, injection	1362
	M. Giovannozzi, M. Albert, G.E. Crockford, S.D. Fartoukh, W. Höfle, E.H. Maclean, A. Macpherson, L. Ponce, S. Redaelli, H. Renshall, F. Roncarolo, R.J. Steinhagen, E. Todesco, R. Tomás, W. Venturini Delsolaro CERN, Geneva, Switzerland R. Miyamoto BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	Following intensive numerical simulations to compute the dynamic aperture for the LHC in the design phase, the successful beam commissioning and the ensuing beam operations opened the possibility of performing beam measurements of the dynamics aperture. In this paper the experimental set-up and the first observations based on the few experimental sessions performed will be presented and discussed in detail.

TUPPC082	Non-linear Beam Dynamics Tests at the CERN PS in the Framework of the Multi-turn Extraction	pick-up, extraction, coupling, betatron	1365
	M. Giovannozzi, G. Arduini, J.M. Belleman, S.S. Gilardoni, C. Hernalsteens, A. Lachaize, G. Métral, Y. Papaphilippou CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	In the framework of the CERN PS Multi-Turn Extraction several campaigns of measurements probing the non-linear beam dynamics have been carried out. These measurements range from the measurement of non-linear chromaticity to phase space portraits, de-coherence and re-coherence measurements, secondary island tune etc. In this paper these measurements will be reviewed and the results presented and discussed in details.

TUPPC100	On Quantum Integrable Systems	lattice, plasma, focusing, betatron	1392
	V.V. Danilov ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA S. Nagaitsev Fermilab, Batavia, USA
	Funding: This research is sponsored by Oak Ridge National Lab, under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725, and Fermi National Lab, under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359. Many quantum integrable systems are obtained using an accelerator physics technique known as Ermakov (or normalized variables) transformation. This technique was used to create classical nonlinear integrable lattices for accelerators and nonlinear integrable plasma traps. Now, all classical results are carried over to a nonrelativistic quantum case.

TUPPC102	Simulation Study of Beam-beam Effects in Ion Beams with Large Space Charge Tuneshift	space-charge, simulation, lattice, collider	1398
	C. Montag BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy. During low-energy operations with gold-gold collisions at 3.85 GeV beam energy, significant beam lifetime reductions have been observed due to the beam-beam interaction in the presence of large space charge tuneshifts. These beam-beam tuneshift parameters were about an order of magnitude smaller than during regular high energy operations. To get a better understanding of this effect, simulations have been performed. Recent results are presented.

TUPPP003	Status and Very First Commissioning of the ASTRID2 Synchrotron Light Source	cavity, septum, vacuum, dipole	1605
	S.P. Møller, N. Hertel, J.S. Nielsen ISA, Aarhus, Denmark
	ASTRID2 is the new 10 nm UV and soft x-ray light source currently being built at Aarhus University, to replace the ageing source ASTRID. ASTRID2 is now in the end of its installation phase, with commissioning expected to take place during the spring. The status of the installation together with the first results of the commissioning will be presented.

TUPPP008	Recent Results From the Short-Pulse Facility at the DELTA Storage Ring	laser, radiation, electron, undulator	1617
	A. Schick, M. Bakr, H. Huck, M. Höner, S. Khan, R. Molo, A. Nowaczyk, P. Ungelenk, M. Zeinalzadeh DELTA, Dortmund, Germany
	Funding: Work supported by DFG, BMBF and by the Federal State NRW. At the 1.5 GeV synchrotron light source DELTA, operated by the TU Dortmund University, a new facility for ultrashort pulses in the VUV and THz regime is currently under commissioning. Here, the interaction of an intense, ultrashort laser pulse, co-propagating with the electrons in an optical klystron, leads to coherent synchrotron radiation at harmonics of the incident laser wavelength. The aim of the present commissioning steps is to extend the emitted wavelength down to about 50 nm, enabling femtosecond-resolved pump-probe experiments in the VUV regime. Other issues include increasing the photon flux by optimizing the laser-electron interaction and improving the stability and ease of operation of the source.

TUPPP010	Spectral and Temporal Observations of CSR at ANKA	radiation, storage-ring, optics, synchrotron-radiation	1623
	V. Judin, N. Hiller, A. Hofmann, E. Huttel, B. Kehrer, M. Klein, S. Marsching, C.A.J. Meuter, A.-S. Müller, M. Schuh, M. Schwarz, N.J. Smale, M. Streichert KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany M.J. Nasse Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
	Funding: This work has been supported by the Initiative and Networking Fund of the Helmholtz Association under contract number VH-NG-320. ANKA is a synchrotron light source situated at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology. Using dedicated low-α-optics at ANKA we can reduce the bunch length and generate Coherent Synchrotron Radiation (CSR). Studies of the coherent emission in the time domain allow us to gain an insight into the longitudinal bunch dynamics. These as well as the systematic investigations of the THz spectrum range can be used for benchmarking of theoretical predictions. In this paper we report about the recent progress in CSR observation using fast THz detectors and a Martin-Puplett spectrometer at the ANKA storage ring.

TUPPP036	Large-scale Simulation of Synchrotron Radiation using a Lienard-Wiechert Approach	radiation, simulation, electron, synchrotron-radiation	1689
	R.D. Ryne, C.E. Mitchell, J. Qiang LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA B.E. Carlsten, N.A. Yampolsky LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
	Funding: DOE Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences; NNSA. Synchrotron radiation is one of the most important and difficult to model phenomena affecting lepton accelerators. Large-scale parallel modeling provides a means to explore properties of synchrotron radiation that would be impossible to study through analytical methods alone. We have performed first-principles simulations of synchrotron radiation, using a Lienard-Wiechert approach, with the same number of simulation particles as would be found in bunches with charge up to 1 nC. The results shed light on the importance of shot noise effects, the amplification of coherent synchrotron radiation due to longitudinal microbunching, the interplay of electric and magnetic forces, and the limits of the widely used one-dimensional model.

TUPPR023	Final-Focus Optics for the LHeC Electron Beam Line	radiation, quadrupole, synchrotron-radiation, electron	1861
	J.L. Abelleira EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland J.L. Abelleira, R. Tomás, F. Zimmermann CERN, Geneva, Switzerland H. Garcia UPC, Barcelona, Spain
	Funding: Work supported by the European Commission under the FP7 Research Infrastructures project Eu- CARD, grant agreement no. 227579. One of the options considered for the ECFA-CERN-NuPECC design study for a Large Hadron electron Collider (LHeC)* based on the LHC is adding a recirculating energy-recovery linac tangential to the LHC. First designs of the electron Final Focus System have shown the need to correct the chromatic aberrations. Two designs using different approaches for the chromaticity correction are compared, namely, the local chromaticity correction** and the traditional approach using dedicated sections. LHeC Study Group, “A Large Hadron Electron Collider at CERN,” LHeC-Note 2011-001 (2011). *J. Abelleria et al., "Design Status of LHeC Linac‐Ring Interaction Region," IPAC2011, p. 2796 (2011).

TUPPR078	LEP3: A High Luminosity e⁺e⁻ Collider in the LHC Tunnel to Study the Higgs Boson	collider, luminosity, positron, emittance	2005
	F. Zimmermann, M. Koratzinos CERN, Geneva, Switzerland A.P. Blondel DPNC, Genève, Switzerland M. Zanetti MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
	Recent indications from two LHC experiments suggest that the Higgs boson might be light, within the mass range 115-130 GeV. Such object could be studied at an e⁺e⁻ collider with about 240 GeV centre-of-mass energy. A corresponding Higgs factory – “LEP3” - could be installed in the LHC tunnel, reducing its cost and also allowing for a second life of the two LHC general-purpose detectors. We present preliminary accelerator and beam parameters for LEP3 tailored so as to provide a peak luminosity of 10³⁴/cm²/s at each of two experiments, while respecting a number of constraints including beamstrahlung limits. At this luminosity around 20,000 Higgs events per year per experiment could be obtained for a Standard Model Higgs boson with a mass of 115-130 GeV. For the parameters considered the estimated luminosity lifetime is about 12 minutes, and the synchrotron radiation losses are 50 MW per beam. High operational efficiency requires two rings: a low emittance collider storage ring operating at constant energy, and a separate accelerator to top up the colliding beams every few minutes. The alternative of a larger ring collider installed in a new, bigger tunnel will also be discussed.

TUPPR089	Design Study of Beam Injection for SuperKEKB Main Ring	injection, septum, optics, emittance	2035
	T. Mori, N. Iida, M. Kikuchi, T. Mimashi, Y. Sakamoto, H. Sugimoto, S. Takasaki, M. Tawada KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
	The SuperKEKB project is in progress toward the initial physics run in the year 2015. It assumes the nano-beam scheme, in which the emittance of the colliding beams is ε=4.6 nm. The emittance of the injected beam is ε=1.46 nm. To achieve such a low emittance, it is vitally important to preserve the emittance during the transport of the beam from the linac to the main ring. One of the most difficult parts is the injection system. We are considering the synchrotron injection for the electron-line to avoid a beam blowup in the ring after injection, which is caused by a beam-beam interaction with the stored beam. The optics study for electron injection and the current R&D status for the septum magnet will be reported in this paper.

WEOAA01	Injected Beam Imaging at SPEAR 3 with a Digital Optic Mask	injection, storage-ring, target, quadrupole	2116
	H.D. Zhang, R.B. Fiorito, A.G. Shkvarunets UMD, College Park, Maryland, USA W.J. Corbett, A.S. Fisher, K. Tian SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
	Funding: *This work is partially funded by the Office of Naval Research and the DOD Joint Technology Office. At SPEAR3, the light source operates in top-up injection mode with 273nC charge circulating in the storage ring (350mA). Each individual injection pulse contains only 40pC, or a contrast ration of 1:6800. In order to monitor injected beam dynamics during User operations, it is desirable to optically image the injected charge distribution on a turn-by-turn basis in the presence of the bright stored beam. The measurement is made by re-imaging visible synchrotron radiation onto a 1024x768 pixel Digital-Micro-Array mirror device (DMD) which is used to 'mask' light from the central stored beam while observing the weak injected beam signal on an intensified, fast-gated CCD camera. Complex beam dynamics are observed after only a few 10's of turns around the synchrotron. In this paper we report on the DMD optical configuration, masking considerations, measurement timing and initial tests imaging the injected beam in the presence of stored beam.
	Slides WEOAA01 [1.874 MB]

WEOBB03	Computation of the Wigner Distribution for Undulator Radiation	radiation, undulator, electron, brightness	2149
	I.V. Bazarov, A.D. Gasbarro CLASSE, Ithaca, New York, USA
	In the effort to optimize brightness in synchrotron radiation sources, questions arise as to the most desirable electron beam parameters given a particular insertion device. With a detailed understanding of the distribution of emitted photons, the electron beam profile can be effectively matched. We have developed tools which, by way of the Wigner distribution, compute the phase space of photons radiated by an electron bunch. An explanation is provided of the workings of the code itself with mention of important algorithms that have been implemented. We demonstrate via numerical examples the Wigner distributions of the undulator radiation. In particular, it is shown that the phase space of light differs appreciably from the Gaussian distribution assumed in many analytical expressions and, therefore, the more thorough approaches should be used for computation of related quantities.
	Slides WEOBB03 [2.555 MB]

WEIC04	Functional Materials Development using Accelerator-based Light Sources: Current Capabilities and Future Prospects	FEL, controls, electron, radiation	2156
	W.R. Flavell UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
	Funding: UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), UK Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) The development of accelerator-based light sources has allowed access to photons of very high brightness and wide tunability. These properties of synchrotron radiation (SR) mean that it can be used to resolve questions that can be answered in no other way, enabling unique contributions to the development of functional materials. Increasingly, these benefits have become essential to material evaluation in manufacturing – ranging from intelligent catalysts for automotive emissions control* to next generation photovoltaics. Bright, tunable X-rays have been a boon to nanotechnology* in particular, with its requirement for atom-by-atom understanding – and this benefit is enhanced by the microfabrication capabilities of X-ray lithography in LIGA-based techniques. The result is unique potential for nanoscale device manufacture. The application of bright tunable X-rays to the development of nanostructures for a range of industrial applications is illustrated, and the prospects for exploitation of the ultra-high brightness and femtosecond time structure of FEL radiation are discussed. * H Tanaka et al., Ang. Chemie Int. Ed. 45, 5998 (2006) S J O Hardman et al., Phys Chem Chem Phys 13, 20275 (2011) * S Biswas et al., Small (2012) DOI: 10.10⁰²/smll201102100
	Slides WEIC04 [11.723 MB]

WEPPD002	The Purifier System for Helium Cryogenic Plant in NSRRC	cryogenics, controls, cavity, SRF	2498
	H.C. Li, S.-H. Chang, C.M. Cheng, W.-S. Chiou, F. Z. Hsiao, T.F. Lin, C.P. Liu, H.H. Tsai NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	A cryogenic adsorber is a purifier cooled with liquid nitrogen that is used to trap impurities from gaseous helium in the helium cryogenic system. The output purity can be decreased to less than 5 ppm and the dew point to -62 °C. The maximum rate of flow of each adsorber is 95 Nm3/h. We installed five cryogenic adsorbers in the cryogenic system and completed its testing in 2011; five additional cryogenic adsorbers will be installed in 2012. The configuration, installation, test results and operation of an cryogenic adsorber system are reported herein. "cryogenic adsorber","purifier"

WEPPD003	Development of a Condenser for the Helium Phase Separator at NSRRC	simulation, vacuum, cryogenics, synchrotron-radiation	2501
	C.P. Liu, C.M. Cheng, F. Z. Hsiao, T.Y. Huang, H.H. Tsai NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	A helium phase separator with a condenser is under fabrication and assembly at National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC). The objective of a helium phase separator with its condenser is to separate two-phase helium flow and to re-condense vaporized gaseous helium with a cryo-cooler of Gifford-McMahon type. This paper presents the design and fabrication of the condenser, a key component of the helium phase separator. A preliminary steady-state simulation of the efficiency of the helium condenser is also presented. "Condenser","Rate of condensation"

WEPPD010	Re-commissioning of the ESRF Storage Ring Vacuum System	vacuum, storage-ring, insertion, insertion-device	2516
	M. Hahn, I. Parat ESRF, Grenoble, France
	A long shutdown of the accelerators to allow the construction of new buildings marked the phase one of the ESRF upgrade program. A number of vacuum sectors has been modified during this time for repair and maintenance but mainly to increase the brilliance of the synchrotron radiation beams by installing longer insertion device (ID) vessels with non-evaporable getter (NEG) coating and a new In Vacuum Undulator. The paper gives an overview of the modified machine and reports experience with its re-conditioning.

WEPPD016	Development of Glassy Carbon Blade for LHC Fast Vacuum Valve	vacuum, acceleration, kicker, synchrotron-radiation	2528
	C. Garion, P. Coly CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	An unexpected gas inrush in a vacuum chamber leads to the development of a fast pressure wave. It carries small particles that can compromise the functioning of sensitive machine systems such as the RF cavities or kickers. In the LHC machine, it has been proposed to protect these equipments by the installation of fast vacuum valves. The main requirements for the fast valves and in particular for the blade are: fast closure in the 20 ms range, high transparency and melting temperature in case of closure with beam in, dust free material to not contaminate sensitive adjacent elements and last but not least vacuum compatibility and adequate leak tightness across the blade. In this paper, a design based on a vitreous carbon blade is proposed. The main reasons for this material choice are given. The mechanical study of the blade behaviour under dynamic forces is shown. Fabrication considerations are addressed as well. Tests on prototypes have been carried out on pendulum type fast valves developed for LEP. Results on glassy carbon blades are presented as well as the motion parameter measurements. Qualification of the material for UHV applications has been carried out.

WEPPD019	Manufacturing and Welding Process of Straight Section of Aluminum Alloy UHV Chambers for Taiwan Photon Source	vacuum, photon, radiation, synchrotron-radiation	2537
	C.-C. Chang, C.K. Chan, C.L. Chen, J.-R. Chen, G.-Y. Hsiung, S-N. Hsu NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	This paper describes the manufacturing process and welding sequence for the aluminum extrusion vacuum chamber for the straight sections in Taiwan Photon Source. The straight section composes of aluminum extrusion chamber of A6063 and BPM chamber of A6061 aluminum alloys. The straightness and flatness of these extrusion chambers are controlled under 0.1mm/m and 0.2mm/m, respectively. The BPM chambers are manufactured precisely in oil-free environment, which provide clean surface and a precise sealing surface after machining. All the components are assembled in pre-aligned support system through the welding process. The aluminum chamber for 24 straight sections has been welded. The results show the straightness of < 0.15mm/m, flatness of < 0.3mm/m, and leakage rates of < 2 × 10^-10 mbarl/sec. were achieved.

WEPPD021	Optimization of the Ultra-High Vacuum Systems for the 3 GeV TPS Synchrotron Light Source	vacuum, impedance, photon, electron	2543
	G.-Y. Hsiung, C.K. Chan, C.-C. Chang, C.L. Chen, J.-R. Chen, C.M. Cheng, Y.T. Cheng, S-N. Hsu, H.P. Hsueh, Huang, Y.T. Huang, I.C. Sheng, L.H. Wu, Y.C. Yang NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	The Taiwan Photon Source (TPS), a 3 GeV synchrotron light source, provides an ultra-low emittance of electron beam and the consequent extremely high brightness of photons. The vacuum pressure along the beam duct should be ultra-high vacuum (UHV) and even lower for reduction of the impact to the beam from the gas scattering or ion trapping troubles. Most of the outgas comes from the photon stimulated desorption (PSD) back streaming from downstream absorbers during beam operation and large area surface outgas inside the beam duct as well. Due to the anticipate request of the smallest vertical aperture of beam ducts from various insertion devices and the lowest broadband impedance through all the vacuum chambers of electron storage ring, the inner structure design and the surface treatment of vacuum chambers as well as the constraint of the back stream PSD outgas from distributed absorbers and the pumping locations should be optimized to obtain a high quality UHV system for the high stable synchrotron light source through the long period of operation. The optimized design of the vacuum chambers for the TPS will be described.

WEPPD022	Design of the Water-Cooling System for the Vacuum System of the TPS Storage Ring	vacuum, storage-ring, photon, controls	2546
	Y.C. Yang, C.K. Chan, J.-R. Chen, C.M. Cheng, G.-Y. Hsiung NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	Taiwan Photon Source (TPS) was under construction since 2009. TPS vacuum system was designed in 10^-10 torr level and gas load from synchrotron light was almost confined in bending chambers. A water cooling system was designed to protect vacuum equipment including vacuum chambers and absorbers to avoid melting down by synchrotron light. There are 3 cooling loops for aluminum chambers and 4 loops for cooper absorbers in one unit cell. One prototype for unit cell, including arrangement of control terminal, monitor of flow rate and temperature, and vibration from cooling system will be tested.

WEPPD023	Design and Manufacture of TPS BPM Diamond-Edge Gasket	vacuum, factory	2549
	Huang, Y.T. Huang, C.-C. Chang, C.L. Chen, J.-R. Chen, G.-Y. Hsiung, H.P. Hsueh NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	TPS vacuum chamber is oil-free machined and the material is A6061T651 which the Brinell hardness is 95 kg/mm2. Beam position monitors are installed onto the bending chambers, B1 and B2 and the straight chambers, S3 and S4. The diamond-edge gasket was chosen to seal between BPM flange (SS316L) and the vacuum chamber (A6061T651). Easily manufactured, low cost and less clamping force are three main advantages of this diamond-edge gasket. This diamond-edge gasket is made of A1050H14 which has less hardness, 32 kg/mm2 and its surface roughness is well controlled under 0.8 μm because worse surface roughness probably lead to radial leak. Considering differences of thermal expansion between stainless steel and aluminium, SS304 set screws, nuts and washers are chosen to provide axial sealing force. The sealing ability of this diamond-edge gasket is reliable through tens of bake-out experiments. It is reminded that pre-torque should be sufficient to cause plastic deformation of the diamond-edge gasket and re-torque after baking 24hr and cooling down to room temperature is also important to prevent leaks resulting from loss of torque which usually happen at 100oC.

WEPPD030	Concept for the Antiproton Production Target at FAIR	target, antiproton, proton, radiation	2570
	K. Knie, B. Franzke, V. Gostishchev, M. Steck GSI, Darmstadt, Germany P. Sievers CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	We will report on the status of the antiproton production target for the FAIR facility. A Ni target will be bombarded by a pulsed beam of 29 GeV protons with an intensity of 2.5·10¹³ ppp and a repetition rate of 0.2 Hz. Directly after the target the antiprotons will be focussed by a magnetic horn. In the proceeding magnetic separator antiprotons with an energy of 3 GeV (± 3%) will be selected and transported to the antiproton collector ring. The planned setup of the target area, including radiation protection issues, will be presented,

WEPPD040	Power Saving Schemes in the NSRRC	controls, synchrotron-radiation, status, radiation	2600
	J.-C. Chang, Y.F. Chiu, Y.-C. Chung, Y.-C. Lin, C.Y. Liu, Z.-D. Tsai, T.-S. Ueng NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	To cope with increasing power consumption and huge power bill of the Taiwan Photon Source (TPS) in the near future, we have been conducting several power saving schemes in the National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC) for years. This paper illustrates the power saving results and future schemes. The power saving schemes include optimization of chillers operation, power requirement control, air conditioning system improvement, application of heat pump, and the lighting system improvement.

WEPPD042	The Grounding System at TPS	site, emittance, insertion, controls	2606
	T.-S. Ueng, J.-C. Chang, J.-R. Chen, Y.-C. Lin NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	An elaborately designed grounding system has been installed under the TPS construction site. The ground grid was installed sector by sector to comply with the building construction schedule. The ground resistance measurement of each sector was carried out right after the grid installation. The final ground resistance measurement for the whole grounding system was performed also right after its completion. The measured ground resistances of each sector were used to estimate the final TPS ground resistance, and it was compared to the final TPS ground measurement result. Also, the analysis with computer software is used to justify it. The low impedance of TPS grounding system, < 0.15 ohm, is to insure the safety of TPS personnel and instrumentation, also, to reduce the noise of electronic devices.

WEPPD075	A Novel Planar Balun Structure for Continuous Wave 1 kW, 500 MHz Solid-state Amplifier Design	simulation, impedance, coupling, HOM	2699
	T.-C. Yu, L.-H. Chang, M.H. Chang, L.J. Chen, F.-T. Chung, M.-C. Lin, Y.-H. Lin, C.H. Lo, M.H. Tsai, Ch. Wang, T.-T. Yang, M.-S. Yeh NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	In general, the coaxial type balun plays key role in push-pull amplifier design in the increasing high power solid-state technique transmitter design for accelerator application. However, the coaxial baluns not only increase the complexity in manufacturing procedure but also introduce additional tolerance variation between modules. The variation between parallel power modules would decreases combining efficiency and thus increase the operation cost. Here, a novel planar balun has been proposed and successfully implemented on 1kW solid-state amplifier design for continuous operation with newly designed water cooling plates. The long-term CW test has demonstrated the feasibility of the newly designed planar is quite suitable for CW operation with its excellent low loss, balance property and also low tolerance between modules in mass production.

WEPPP057	Orbit Correction Studies using Neural Networks	controls, storage-ring, simulation, target	2837
	E. Meier, G. LeBlanc, Y.E. Tan ASCo, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
	This paper reports the use of Neural Networks for orbit correction at the Australian Synchrotron Storage Ring. The proposed system uses two Neural Networks in an actor-critic scheme to model a long term cost function and compute appropriate corrections. The system is entirely based on the history of the beam position and the actuators, the corrector magnets, in the storage ring. This makes the system auto-tuneable, which has the advantage of avoiding the use of a response matrix. As a generic and robust orbit correction program it can be used during commissioning and in slow orbit feedback. In this study, we present positive initial results of the simulations of the storage ring in Matlab. We will also discuss the possibility of reconstructing the response matrix from the information stored in the neural network for offline orbit response matrix analysis.

WEPPP061	A Method to Obtain the Frequency of the Longitudinal Dipole Oscillation for Modeling and Control in Synchrotrons with Single or Double Harmonic RF Systems	controls, ion, dipole, emittance	2846
	J. Grieser, J. Adamy, D.E.M. Lens TU Darmstadt, RTR, Darmstadt, Germany H. Klingbeil TEMF, TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
	Funding: This work was partly funded by GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH In a heavy-ion synchrotron the bunched beam can perform longitudinal oscillations around the synchronous particle (single bunch dipole oscillation, SBDO). If disturbances/instabilities exciting the SBDO exceed the rate of Landau damping, the beam can become unstable. Furthermore, Landau damping is accompanied by an increase of the beam emittance which may be undesired. Thus, control efforts are taken to stabilize the beam and to keep the emittance small. It is known that for a single harmonic cavity and a small bunch the SBDO oscillates with the synchrotron frequency* if the oscillation amplitudes are small. For a larger bunch or a double harmonic RF systems that introduces nonlinearities*, this is no longer valid. This work shows how the frequency of the SBDO can be determined in general. As a result, the SBDO can again be modeled as a harmonic oscillator with an additional damping term to account for Landau damping. This model can be used for feedback designs which is shown by means of a simple example. As the frequency of the SBDO and the damping rate depend on the size of the bunch in phase space, it is shown how this information can be obtained from the measured beam current. F. Pedersen and F. Sacherer, IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, 24:1296–1398, 1977 ** A. Hofmann and S. Myers, Proc. of the 11th International Conference on High Energy Acceleration, 1980

WEPPP071	Phase Noise Studies at the Advanced Photon Source	simulation, storage-ring, feedback, photon	2873
	N. Sereno, G. Decker, R.M. Lill, B.X. Yang ANL, Argonne, USA
	Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Phase noise generated primarily by power line harmonics modulating the 352-MHz rf system in the APS storage ring is a dominant source of high- frequency beam motion, both longitudinally and transversely, due to dispersion in the lattice. It also places fundamental limits on the ability to generate picosecond-scale x-ray pulses for fast pump / probe experiments. Measurements using turn-by-turn beam position monitors (BPMs) located at high-dispersion locations are compared and contrasted with results from a dedicated S-band phase detector connected to either a capacitive pickup electrode or a diamond x-ray detector. Horizontal beam position at high-dispersion locations is related directly to beam phase by a very simple relation involving the momentum compaction. Simulation results are used to validate this relationship and to quantify the relation between phase noise on the main rf vs beam arrival time jitter. A. Zholents et al., NIM A 425, 385 (1999).

WEPPP089	Study of the Combined Controller for Adjusting and Locking a Girder with Micrometer-level at NSRRC	controls, monitoring, storage-ring, feedback	2921
	H.S. Wang, M.L. Chen, W.Y. Lai, S.Y. Perng, Y.L. Tsai, T.C. Tseng NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan J.-R. Chen NTHU, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	A girder control system is proposed to quickly and precisely adjust the displacement and rotating angle of all girders in the storage ring with little manpower at the Taiwan Photon Source (TPS) project at National Synchrotron Research Center (NSRRC). In this control girder system, six motorized cam movers supporting a girder are driven on three pedestals to perform six-axis adjustments of a girder. To increase the nature frequency of a girder, the locking system is applied to promote the stiffness of a girder structure. The locking system consists of six locking mechanisms attached to three inboard pedestals and a locking controller. The study of the girder control system and the locking system control combined are achieving to the positioning with micrometre-level. This paper presents details of the study and tests of the combined controller.

WEPPR001	Experimental Observation of Space Charge Effects in Transverse Bunch Oscillations in the SIS18 Synchrotron	space-charge, simulation, ion, damping	2931
	V. Kornilov, O. Boine-Frankenheim GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
	Coherent signals from transverse bunch oscillations in the heavy-ion synchrotron SIS18 are used for direct measurements of the space charge effect. The bunch oscillations are excited by a transverse kick and the resulting decoherence is observed. The transverse coherent motion in the SIS18 experiments is strongly affected by space charge. The bunches are long, thus the nonlinear motion in the rf bucket plays an important role and must be taken into account. The signals from the measurements are analyzed and explained using analytical and numerical models.

WEPPR002	Intensity Thresholds for Transverse Coherent Instabilities During Proton and Heavy-Ion Operation in SIS100	impedance, space-charge, proton, simulation	2934
	V. Kornilov, O. Boine-Frankenheim GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
	The SIS100 synchrotron is the central accelerator of the projected FAIR complex. It should deliver high intensity proton and heavy-ion beams to the different FAIR experiments. Coherent transverse instabilities are a potential intensity-limiting factor in SIS100. In this contribution we give a summary of the different transverse coherent effects in intense bunched beams that can be expected in the SIS100. Some of the main concerns are unstable head-tail modes, the transverse mode coupling instability, and the beam break-up instability. Space charge is an important effect that leads to Landau damping of the head-tail eigenmodes and modifies the transverse mode coupling. The growth times and thresholds for instabilities will be calculated on the basis of the present SIS100 impedance model whose main components are the resistive wall, the kickers, and the broad-band contribution. The corresponding experience from the CERN injector complex will be used for comparisons.

WEPPR011	Numerical Simulation Study of the Montague Resonance at the CERN Proton Synchrotron	emittance, simulation, resonance, space-charge	2958
	J. Qiang, R.D. Ryne LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA G. Franchetti, I. Hofmann GSI, Darmstadt, Germany E. Métral CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Funding: This work partially supported by the US Department of Energy through the US LHC Accelerator Research Program (LARP) under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The Montague resonance provides a coupling between the vertical and the horizontal dynamics of beams and can cause particle losses due to unequal aperture sizes of the accelerator. In this paper, we present a new numerical simulation study of a previous Montague resonance crossing experiment at the CERN PS including detailed three-dimensional space-charge effects and machine nonlinearity. The simulation reproduces the experimental data and suggests that the longitudinal synchrotron motion played an important role in enhancing transverse resonance coupling.

WEPPR046	THz Bursting Thresholds Measured at the Metrology Light Source	storage-ring, electron, vacuum, octupole	3030
	M. Ries, J. Feikes, P.O. Schmid, G. Wüstefeld HZB, Berlin, Germany A. Hoehl PTB, Berlin, Germany
	At the Metrology Light Source (MLS) * of the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) the bunch length can be varied by more than two orders of magnitude *. The bunch length manipulation is achieved by varying different machine parameters, such as rf-voltage amplitude up to 500 kV and the momentum compaction factor over three orders of magnitude. The subject of this article is the measurement of THz bursting thresholds at the MLS for different bunch lengths. B. Beckhoff et al., Phys. Status Solidi B 246, p. 1415 (2009) ** J. Feikes et al., Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 14, 030705 (2011).

WEPPR056	Reproduction of Ceramic Chamber Impedances with Electric and Magnetic Polarities of the Ceramics	impedance, dipole, vacuum, proton	3051
	Y. Shobuda, M. Kinsho JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan
	In proton synchrotron, ceramic chambers are used as vacuum chambers to avoid the effect on magnetic fields from eddy current excited by the magnetic fields. One of the standard methods of the derivation of the impedances of the ceramic chamber is the field matching technique. In this report, we reproduce the formulae of the ceramic chamber impedance in terms of electric and magnetic polarities. When the beam passes through the chamber, the impedance is mainly excited by the electric polarity of the ceramic.

WEPPR061	Thresholds of Longitudinal Single Bunch Instability in Single and Double RF Systems in the CERN SPS	simulation, impedance, damping, emittance	3066
	T. Argyropoulos, T. Bohl, J. Esteban Muller, E.N. Shaposhnikova, H. Timko CERN, Geneva, Switzerland C.M. Bhat Fermilab, Batavia, USA
	A fourth harmonic RF system is used in the SPS as a Landau cavity, in order to stabilize the high intensity LHC proton beam against the longitudinal instabilities. Numerous studies proved that operating the two RF systems, through the whole cycle, in bunch shortening mode is necessary to provide a good quality beam at extraction to the LHC. Furthermore, it was shown that the choice of RF parameters as voltage amplitude ratio and relative phase are critical for the beam stability. This paper presents the results of single bunch measurements performed in single and double RF systems with various RF settings and compares them with the results of macroparticle simulations for the SPS impedance model.

WEPPR073	Effects of an Asymmetric Chamber on the Beam Coupling Impedance	impedance, simulation, kicker, wakefield	3099
	C. Zannini, K.S.B. Li, G. Rumolo CERN, Geneva, Switzerland C. Zannini EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
	The wake function of an accelerator device appears to have a constant term if the geometry of the device is asymmetric or when the beam passes off axis in a symmetric geometry. Its contribution can be significant and has to be taken into account. In this paper a generalized definition of the impedance/wake is presented to take into account also this constant term. An example of a device where the constant term appears is analyzed. Moreover, the impact of a constant wake on the beam dynamics is discussed and illustrated by a HEADTAIL simulation.

WEPPR079	Observations of Microbunching Instabilities from a THz Port at Diamond Light Source	radiation, storage-ring, optics, electron	3114
	W. Shields, G.E. Boorman, V. Karataev, A. Lyapin JAI, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom R. Bartolini, A.F.D. Morgan, G. Rehm Diamond, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
	Diamond Light source is a third generation synchrotron facility dedicated to producing radiation of outstanding brightness. Above a threshold current, the electron bunches are susceptible to the phenomenon known as the microbunching instability. This instability is characterised by the onset of radiation bursts, the wavelength of which is around one order of magnitude shorter than the bunch length. Near threshold, the bursting occurs quasi-‐periodically, however at higher currents, the bursting appears randomly. The high frequencies involved in these emissions make detection and analysis challenging. A port specifically for the investigation of mm wave emissions has recently been built at Diamond. Ultra fast Schottky Barrier Diode detectors have been installed to obtain data for only a small fraction of the bunch revolution time in an updated data acquisition system. The threshold current and subsequent evolution of the instability have been investigated.

WEPPR095	Radial Eigenmodes for a Toroidal Waveguide with Rectangular Cross Section	impedance, electron, resonance, wakefield	3159
	R. Li JLAB, Newport News, Virginia, USA
	Funding: Authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177. In applying mode expansion to solve the CSR impedance for a section of toroidal vacuum chamber with rectangular cross section, we identify the eigenvalue problem for the radial eigenmodes which is different from that for cylindrical structures. In this paper, we present the general expressions of the radial eigenmodes, and discuss the properties of the eigenvalues on the basis of the Sturm-Liouville theory.

WEPPR097	Comparing New Models of Transverse Instability with Simulations	space-charge, coupling, simulation, wakefield	3165
	M. Blaskiewicz BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	Recently, Balbekov* has produced an ordinary integro-differential equation that approximates the Vlasov equation for beams with wakefields and large space charge tune shift. The present work compares this model with simulations. In particular, the claim that certain types of transverse wakes cannot lead to mode coupling instabilities, which contradicts earlier work*, is explored V. Balbekov, PRSTAB, 14, 094401 (2011). ** M. Blaskiewicz, PRSTAB 1, 044201 (1998).

THXA02	Operation and Patient Treatments at CNAO Facility	proton, ion, extraction, acceleration	3180
	E. Bressi CNAO Foundation, Milan, Italy
	The CNAO (National Centre for Oncological Hadrontherapy) has been realized in Pavia. It is a clinical facility created and financed by the Italian Ministry of Health and conceived to supply hadrontherapy treatments to patients recruited all over the Country. A qualified network of clinical and research Institutes, the CNAO Collaboration, has been created to build and to run the centre. Three treatment rooms (three horizontal and one vertical) are installed. Beams of protons with kinetic energies up to 250 MeV and beams of carbon ions with maximum kinetic energy of 400 MeV/u are transported and delivered by active scanning systems. CNAO commissioning concerning the high technology started in 2009. First patient was treated with Proton beam in September 2011, the 22nd. This presentation presents the features of the system, together with the results of the first treatments.
	Slides THXA02 [14.843 MB]

THEPPB006	Improving the Synchrotron Performance of the Heidelberg Ionbeam Therapy Center	ion, controls, extraction, dipole	3243
	Th. Haberer HIT, Heidelberg, Germany
	The HIT linac-synchrotron-system routinely delivers pencil beams to the dose delivering rasterscanning devices at 3 treatment rooms, including the worldwide first scanning ion gantry, and 1 experimental cave. At HIT the quality-assured library of pencil beam parameters covers roughly 100.000 combinations of the ion, energy, intensity and beam size. Each patient-specific treatment plan defines a subset of these pencil beams being subsequently requested during the dose delivery. Aiming at shortened irradiation times an upgrade program making heavy use of feed-back mechanisms is under way. Driven by patient-specific data out of the scanning beam dose delivery process central synchrotron components are coupled to the therapy control system in order to tailor the beam characteristics in real-time to the clinical requirements. The paper will discuss the functional upgrades and report about the impact on the medical application at HIT.

THPPC002	Design and Construction of Turnkey Linacs as Injectors for Light Sources	beam-loading, electron, simulation, linac	3272
	A.S. Setty, D. Jousse THALES, Colombes, France
	Turnkey linacs were manufactured by Thales Communications & Security in order to inject electrons into boosters of SOLEIL, ALBA and BESSY II synchrotrons. This paper will describe the beam dynamics tools and methods for the design and construction of those linacs. Cavities tuning and prebunching characterization methods will be given. Beam loading compensation and simulations will be explained. Specified and measured beam parameters will be compared. A. Setty et al, "Commissioning of the 100 MeV preinjector HELIOS for the SOLEIL synchrotron", EPAC 06, Scotland, Edinburgh, June 2006.

THPPC006	Status of the J-PARC Ring RF Systems	cavity, impedance, proton, beam-loading	3281
	M. Yoshii, E. Ezura, K. Hara, K. Hasegawa, C. Ohmori, A. Takagi, K. Takata, M. Toda KEK, Tokai, Ibaraki, Japan M. Nomura, A. Schnase, T. Shimada, F. Tamura, M. Yamamoto JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan
	Due to the 11th march earthquakes, J-PARC was forced to stop operation. The restoration is following the schedule so that J-PARC is restarted in December. Before the earthquake, we had considerable success in the 400 kW equivalent proton beam in the RCS. Multi-harmonic RF feedforward was established, which contributes to the reduction of beam loss and stable acceleration in RCS. The MR synchrotron achieved stable 150 kW beam operation for the T2K experiment. This summer, we installed two new RF systems in MR. Eight RF systems in total allow a more stable beam acceleration and flexible bunch shape manipulation. Also, we prepare the RF feedforward to compensate beam loading in MR. To achieve a beam power in excess of 1 MW in MR, it is considered to double the MR repetition rate. We developed an annealing scheme for large magnetic alloy cores while inside a DC B-field that results in higher core impedance, and have succeeded in producing large FT3L cores in this summer. With such cores we can almost double the accelerating voltage without re-designing the existing RF sources. For the near future, we plan to replace the existing RF cavities with upgraded cavities using the FT3L cores.

THPPC023	RF Loads for Energy Recovery	cavity, vacuum, coupling, proton	3326
	S. Federmann, M. Betz, F. Caspers CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Different conceptional designs for RF high power loads are presented. One concept implies the use of solid state rectifier modules for direct RF to DC conversion with efficiencies beyond 80%. In addition, robust metallic low-Q resonant structures, capable of operating at high temperatures (>150 ̊C) are discussed. Another design deals with a very high temperature (up to 800 ̊C) air cooled load using a ceramic foam block inside a metal enclosure. This porous ceramic block is the actual microwave absorber and is not brazed to the metallic enclosure.

THPPC025	Improvements to ISIS RF Cavity Tuning	cavity, acceleration, controls, proton	3332
	R.J. Mathieson, D. Bayley, N.E. Farthing, I.S.K. Gardner, A. Seville STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
	The ISIS facility at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in the UK routinely accelerates proton beam currents in excess of 230 uA to run two neutron spallation target stations. The accelerator consists of a 70 MeV H⁻ linac and an 800 MeV, 50 Hz, proton synchrotron. The synchrotron beam is accelerated using six fundamental (h=2), and four second harmonic (h=4) ferrite loaded RF cavities each having its own drive amplifier and bias system. Each RF cavity is driven as a high Q tuned RF circuit; the resonant frequency being controlled by biasing the ferrite using a current from the bias regulator system. The cavity is kept at the correct resonant frequency by an analogue feedback loop comparing the phase of the cavity voltage to the phase of the demand voltage at the amplifier, and a 50Hz digital correction function calculated from the estimated frequency response of the system. This paper describes work improving the performance of the tuning system by introducing better system identification of the tuning loop and a time varying transfer function.

THPPC045	Rapidly Tunable RF Cavity for Accelerators	cavity, acceleration, vacuum, simulation	3386
	D.J. Newsham, N. Barov Far-Tech, Inc., San Diego, California, USA
	Funding: Work supported by the DOE-SBIR program, High Energy Physics Department. The performance and range efficient use of rapidly cycling accelerators would be improved with the fast frequency tuning and associated variable phase change provided by a tunable rf cavity. The progress in developing a cavity that can be tuned by as much as 10 percent in frequency in less than 100 nanoseconds is presented.

THPPC052	Commissioning and One Year Operation of the 50 kW Solid State Amplifiers of the LNLS Storage Ring RF System	storage-ring, klystron, controls, booster	3404
	R.H.A. Farias, J.F.F. Ferrari, C. Pardine, F. Santiago de Oliveira LNLS, Campinas, Brazil
	In December 2010 a pair of high power solid state amplifiers was installed in the RF system of the LNLS electron storage ring. The new amplifiers replaced the UHF klystron system that had been in operation since the machine started operating in 1996. LNLS has been working on solid state amplifiers for more than 10 years since it started a close collaboration with LURE back in 1999 to build an amplifier to drive the booster RF system. From this ongoing collaboration with SOLEIL resulted the design and construction of these two new high power amplifiers, capable of delivering up to 50 kW each at the operating frequency of 476 MHz. Before installation the amplifiers were commissioned in the RF laboratory. We present an overview of the results of those tests as well as a performance evaluation after one year operation of the amplifiers in the storage ring.

THPPC063	Commission of RF Power Sources and its Auxiliary Components for TPS in NSRRC	klystron, feedback, controls, cavity	3437
	T.-C. Yu, L.-H. Chang, M.H. Chang, L.J. Chen, F.-T. Chung, M.-C. Lin, Y.-H. Lin, C.H. Lo, M.H. Tsai, Ch. Wang, T.-T. Yang, M.-S. Yeh NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	Since 2010, before the starting the construction of TPS building in NSRRC, the intensive testing activities for RF facility has begun in RF lab. The RF facility includes 300kW transmitters, 350kW ferrite loads and 350kW circulators with the corresponding LLRF prototype system. Some unexpected situation happened, such as HV weak transformers and loosen greased ferrite tiles during the commission of the 300kW transmitter. Those situation are all encountered during long-term reliability test. For a high availability of beam light in TPS, the highly reliable sub-systems are the basic requirement and hence, long-term reliability is so essential during commission period. Then, the high power circulators for safe RF operation are also tested for various phases change at cavity port. The temperature compensation unit plays key role in proper operation of circulator. Some noticeable test procedure and results would also be introduced as the present RF system progress of TPS plan in NSRRC.

THPPC076	Comparison of LLRF Control Approaches for High Intensity Hadron Synchrotrons: Design and Performance	controls, cavity, feedback, beam-loading	3464
	K. Gross, J. Adamy TU Darmstadt, RTR, Darmstadt, Germany
	Funding: Federal Ministry of Education and Research A usual and effective way to realize closed-loop controllers is to use cascaded SISO feedback and to rely on some kind of linear PID structure with parameters adjusted manually in simulations or experiments. Such a control may not reach optimal performance if the system is coupled or non-linear. Regarding intense beams, longitudinal beam loading can be compensated by detuning. But the coupling between phase and amplitude (or I and Q component) highly depends on the tuning, that is on the resonant frequency of the cavity. It is derived that cavity and beam dynamics thus show bi-linear nature, i.e. belong to a well investigated class of non-linear systems with appropriate control strategies available. Different controller designs are compared in terms of performance but also design transparency, the need of previous knowledge like the expected magnitude of beam loading and adaptability to different conditions, e.g. during acceleration or if applied to the full range of ion species as at GSI. The performance evaluation is based on macro-particle tracking simulations. In particular avail and limits of an optimal (quadratic cost) MIMO controller for bi-linear systems are shown. H.K. Khalil: Nonlinear Systems, 3rd Edition, Prentice-Hall, 2002 ** Z. Aganović, Z. Gajić: Linear Optimal Control of Bilinear Systems, Springer-Verlag, 1995.

THPPD002	The First Magnetic Field Control (B-Train) to Optimize the Duty Cycle of a Synchrotron in Clinical Operation	controls, feedback, extraction, pick-up	3503
	E. Feldmeier, R. Cee, M. Galonska, Th. Haberer, A. Peters, S. Scheloske HIT, Heidelberg, Germany
	In December 2011 the Heidelberg Ion Therapy Center started to use the magnetic field feedback control for its clinical operation. Therewith the magnetic field deviation of the ramped magnets in the synchrotron depending on eddy currents and hysteresis are no longer in effect. Waiting times on the flattop and the "chimney" in the recovery phase of the synchrotron cycle are no longer necessary. The efficiency of the accelerator is increased by more than 20\% and the treatment time shortens accordingly. The core of the magnetic feedback system is a real time measuring system of the magnetic field with extremely high precision.

THPPD020	Test of a 1.8 Tesla, 400 Hz Dipole for a Muon Synchrotron	dipole, power-supply, simulation, acceleration	3542
	D.J. Summers, L.M. Cremaldi, T.L. Hart, L.P. Perera, M. Reep UMiss, University, Mississippi, USA S.U. Hansen, M.L. Lopes Fermilab, Batavia, USA J. Reidy Oxford High School, Mississippi, USA H. Witte BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	Funding: Supported by DE-FG05-91ER40622. A 1.8 Tesla dipole magnet using 0.011" AK Steel TRAN-COR H-1 grain oriented silicon steel laminations has been constructed as a prototype for a muon synchrotron ramping at 400 Hz. Following the practice in large 3 phase transformers and our own OPERA-2D simulations, joints are mitered to take advantage of the magnetic properties of the steel which are most effective in the direction in which the steel was rolled. Measurements with a Hysteresigraph 5500 and Epstein Frame show a high magnetic permeability which minimizes stored energy in the yoke so the magnet can ramp quickly with modest voltage. A power supply with a fast IGBT switch and a polypropylene capacitor was constructed. Coils are wound with 12 gauge copper wire which will eventually be cooled with with water flowing in stainless steel tubes. The magnetic field was measured with an F. W. Bell 5180 peak sensing Hall Probe connected to a Tektronics TDS3054B oscilloscope.

THPPD059	Conductive EMI Reduction to Kicker Magnet Power Supply in NSRRC	kicker, insertion, power-supply, controls	3647
	Y.-H. Liu, J.-C. Chang, C.S. Chen, H.H. Chen, J.-R. Chen NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	The purpose of this paper is to estimate and reduce the conductive Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) from kicker magnet power supply in TLS. A LISN system was conducted to measure the EMI spectrum of kicker power supply. The EMI noise exceeded FCC standards in some frequency range especially during kicker firing. Reducing EMI level by using different EMI filters were applied. Double pi filter was more efficient than single pi filter. After using filter, the conducted EMI could diminish lower than FCC class B. The experimental results will provide useful information to future TPS pulsed magnet design.

THPPD063	Zero Voltage Switching of Two-switch Flyback-Forward Converter	synchrotron-radiation, radiation, power-supply, photon	3656
	J.C. Huang, K.-B. Liu, Y.S. Wong NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	The traditional pulse-width-modulated flyback converter power switch has serious electromagnetic interference (EMI) and lower conversion efficiencies problems due to the hard-switching operations. This paper produces a zero voltage switching of flyback-forward converter with an active-clamp circuit, the traditional pulse-width-modulated flyback converter with a active clamp circuit to achieve zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) at both main and auxiliary switches, the active-clamp circuit can reduce most of switching loss and voltage spikes across the switches and improve the overall efficiency of the converter. The theoretical analysis of soft switching flyback-forward converter with an active-clamp circuit is verified exactly by a prototype of 50W with 100V input voltage, 5V output voltage and 30kHz operated frequency.

THPPD066	High Precision Programmable of TPS Quadrupole Magnet Power Supply	controls, power-supply, quadrupole, feedback	3662
	Y.S. Wong, J.C. Huang, K.-B. Liu, W.S. Wen NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	In 1993, the first of Taiwan light source was held on October 16. First beam stored in the storage ring and facility at synchrotron radiation research centre (SRRC) was opened to users and the full energy injection to 1.5Gev after seven years. In 2007, the president of Executive Yuan Taiwan had been announcement to set up a third-generation synchrotron radiation. Taiwan Photon Source (TPS) project total budget of NT6, 885 million from 2007~ 2013. TPS project will improve technical capability to build to3.3Gev electron energy. Totally had been installed 1032sets of magnet power supplies for the storage ring and 152 sets for the injector. In the future, Taiwan photon source set up complete and operation, it will offer one of the world's brightest synchrotron x-ray sources.

THPPD071	A Compact Switching Power Supply utilizing SiC-JFET for the Digital Accelerator	power-supply, induction, simulation, acceleration	3677
	K. Okamura, T. Iwashita, K. Takayama, M. Wake KEK, Ibaraki, Japan K. Takaki, M. Toshiya Iwate university, Morioka, Iwate, Japan
	New induction synchrotron system using an induction cell has been developed and constructed at KEK. We refer to the accelerator using the induction acceleration system combined with digitally controlled PWM power supply as Digital Accelerator. In that system, the switching power supply is one of the key devices which realize digital acceleration. The requirements of the switching power supply are high voltage (2 kV) and high repetition frequency (1 MHz). In the present system, we used series connected MOSFETs as the switching device. However, series connection gives large complexity and less reliability. Among the various switching devices, a SiC-JFET is the promising candidates because it has ultrafast switching speed and voltage blocking capability. Therefore, we have developed a new device to substitute existing silicon MOSFET and succeeded to operate with 1 MHz – 1 kV – 27 A condition*. Then we designed and constructed a ultra compact full bridge switching power supply utilizing those devices as a next step. Design and test results will be presented in the conference. T. Iwashita et al., KEK Digital Accelerator, Phys. Rev. ST-AB 14, 071302 (2011) K. Takayama et al., in Proc. of IPAC’11, pp 1920-1922 * K. Okamura et al., in Proc. of IPAC’11, pp 3400-3402

THPPD075	Design and Measurements of a Fast High-voltage Pulse Generator for the MedAustron Low Energy Transfer Line Fast Deflector	high-voltage, injection, power-supply, simulation	3689
	T. Fowler, M.J. Barnes, T. Kramer, F. Müller, T. Stadlbauer CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	MedAustron, a centre for ion-therapy and research, will comprise an accelerator facility based on a synchrotron for the delivery of protons and light ions for cancer treatment. The Low Energy Beam Transfer line (LEBT) to the synchrotron contains an electrostatic fast deflector (EFE) which, when energized, deviates the continuous beam arriving from the ion source onto a Faraday Cup: the specified voltage is ±3.5 kV. De-energizing the EFE for variable pulse durations from 500 ns up to d.c. allows beam passage for multi-turn injection into the synchrotron. To maintain beam quality in the synchrotron, the EFE pulse generator requires rise and fall times of less than 300 ns between 90 % of peak voltage and a ±1 V level. To achieve this, a pulsed power supply (PKF), with high voltage MOSFET switches connected in a push-pull configuration, will be mounted in close proximity to the deflector itself. A fast, large dynamic range monitoring circuit will verify switching to the ±1 V level and subsequent flat bottom pulse quality. A prototype will be installed in the injector test stand in 2012; this paper presents the design and first measurements of the PKF and its monitoring circuit.

THPPP014	Design Parameters of a High-Power Proton Synchrotron for Neutrino Beams at Cern	proton, linac, space-charge, injection	3755
	Y. Papaphilippou, M. Benedikt, I. Efthymiopoulos, F. Gerigk, R. Steerenberg CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Design studies have been initiated at CERN for exploring the prospects of future high-power proton beams for producing neutrinos within the LAGUNA-LBNO project. These studies include a possible increase of the SPS beam power from 500kW to 700kW for a new conventional neutrino beam line based on the CNGS technology, and at a second stage a 2~MW High-Power Proton Synchrotron (HP-PS) using the Low Power Superconducting Proton Linac (LP-SPL) as injector. A low energy 5GeV-4MW neutrino super-beam alternative based on a high-power version of SPL is also considered. This paper concentrates on the HP-PS by exploring the parameter space and constraints regarding beam characteristics, machine hardware and layout, for reaching the 2~MW average beam power.

THPPP015	A Clamped Be Window for the Dump of the HiRadMat Experiment at CERN	vacuum, simulation, beam-loading, cavity	3758
	M. Delonca, T. Antonakakis, D. Grenier, C. Maglioni, A. Sarrió Martínez CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	At CERN, the High Radiation to Materials facility (HiRadMat) is designed to test accelerator components under the impact of high-intensity pulsed beams and will start operation in 2012. In this frame a LHC TED -type dump was installed at the end of the line, working in nitrogen over-pressure, and a 258μm-thick beryllium window was placed as barrier between the inside of the dump and the external atmosphere. Because of the special loading conditions, a clamped window design was especially developed, optimized and implemented, the more standard welded window not being suitable for such loads. Considering then the clamping force and the applied differential pressures, the stresses on the window components were carefully evaluated thanks to empirical as well as numerical models, to guarantee the structural integrity of the beryllium foil. This paper reports on choices and optimizations that led to the final design, presenting also comparative results from different solutions and the detailed results for the adopted one.

THPPP016	Upgrade Strategies for the Proton Synchrotron Booster Dump at CERN	proton, booster, extraction, cavity	3761
	A. Sarrió Martínez, F. Loprete, C. Maglioni CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	CERN’s LHC Injection chain Upgrade (LIU) involves a revision of the Proton Synchrotron Booster dump, which was designed in the 1960’s to cope with beam energies reaching 800 MeV and intensities of 10⁺¹³ particles per pulse. Thermo-mechanical studies highlighted the need for an upgrade of the dump, so that it is capable of withstanding energies in the order of 2 GeV and intensities up to 10⁺¹⁴ particles per pulse. This paper proposes a new design of the dump in the light of various constraints and choices such as the geometry, materials and the integration of the required cooling system. Further topics discussed include the strategy for dismantling the old device, which has been continuously irradiated for almost 40 years and presents a difficult access. Therefore, a detailed ALARA procedure is being prepared in order to carry out the upgrade works in the area.

THPPP020	Project X with Superconducting Rapid Cycling Synchrotron	extraction, proton, beam-losses, FEL	3773
	H. Piekarz Fermilab, Batavia, USA
	A synchrotron-based upgrade of Fermilab accelerator complex for high intensity physics with Project X is described. It consists of: 1 GeV pulse linac, 1-8 GeV superconducting rapid cycling synchrotron (SRCS), dual 8 GeV storage ring (SR1,2), and 60 GeV Main Injector(MI). Pulse linac and SRCS operate at 10 Hz while SR1, SR2, and MI operate at 1.33 Hz. SR1 stores 3 and SR2 4 SRCS pulses making physics cycle 0.7 s. SR1 batch is extracted in 0.5 s at 3 locations of its ring providing beams to kaon and 2 muon experiments. SR2 batch is transferred to MI, accelerated to 60 GeV, and extracted to 3 neutrino production targets for Minos, Nova, and LBNE experiments. Main synchrotron parameters are listed and magnet systems described. Projected beam power is compared to expectations with linac-only based upgrade as well as with current and planned similar accelerator facilities elsewhere.

THPPP022	Coalescing at 8 GeV in the Fermilab Main Injector	simulation, LLRF, emittance, space-charge	3779
	D.J. Scott, D. Capista, I. Kourbanis, K. Seiya, M.-J. Yang Fermilab, Batavia, USA
	For Project X, it is planned to inject a beam of 3 10¹¹ particles per bunch into the Main Injector. To prepare for this by studying the effects of higher intensity bunches in the Main Injector it is necessary to perform coalescing at 8 GeV. The results of a series of experiments and simulations of 8 GeV coalescing are presented. To increase the coalescing efficiency adiabatic reduction of the 53 MHz RF is required, resulting in ~70% coalescing efficiency of 5 initial bunches. Data using wall current monitors has been taken to compare previous work and new simulations for 53 MHz RF reduction, bunch rotations and coalescing, good agreement between experiment and simulation was found. Possible schemes to increase the coalescing efficiency and generate even higher intensity bunches are discussed. These require improving the timing resolution of the low level RF and/or tuning the adiabatic voltage reduction of the 53 MHz.

THPPP088	Beam Loss Studies of the ISIS Synchrotron Using ORBIT	simulation, acceleration, injection, emittance	3942
	D.J. Adams STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom I.S.K. Gardner, B. Jones, B.G. Pine, A. Seville, H. V. Smith, C.M. Warsop, R.E. Williamson STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
	The ISIS synchrotron forms part of the accelerator chain for the Spallation Neutron Source at RAL, UK. The synchrotron is an 800 MeV, 50Hz , RCS accelerating ~2.8·10¹³ protons per cycle. Beam loss is localized in two super periods of the ring using a system of collimators. The injection and acceleration processes, vacuum vessels and collimation systems have been modeled using the particle tracking code ORBIT. This paper presents simulation results in comparison to measurements of longitudinal profiles and beam loss.

THPPR001	Setting Generation for FAIR	controls, storage-ring, proton, optics	3963
	D. Ondreka, J. Fitzek, H. Liebermann, R. Müller GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
	The experimental program envisaged for the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) requires complex operation schemes of its accelerators and beamlines including parallel operation of several experiments. Thus, there is a strong need to develop an appropriate setting generation system, which shall supply consistent settings for all devices across the facility to support the planned parallel operation modes. This system should also provide standard tools for modifying and accessing the settings. These requirements will be met by using LSA, a generic accelerator modeling framework developed at CERN, as basis for the setting generation system. We will report on the status of the setting generation system for FAIR, covering both the implementation of the physics model as well as the extensions to the LSA framework realized within a collaboration with CERN. Results of the first test runs with the existing GSI synchrotron SIS18 will be presented.

THPPR010	Integrate EPICS System with the TLS Control System	EPICS, controls, feedback, status	3984
	Y.-S. Cheng, Y.-T. Chang, J. Chen, P.C. Chiu, K.T. Hsu, K.H. Hu, C.H. Kuo, C.Y. Liao, C.Y. Wu NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	The TLS (Taiwan Light Source) is a third generation of synchrotron light source, and it has been operated since 1993. The TLS control system was developed and implemented by ourselves. The control system of our new project (TPS, Taiwan Photon Source) is developed and based upon the EPICS framework. To earn more experiences on the EPICS usage, some of the TLS newly installed subsystem run EPICS directly. For example, BPM system, bunch-by-bunch feedback system, remote oscilloscope waveform access and so on adapt the EPICS interface to control and monitor. The EDM and Matlab (with LabCA) toolkits are used as EPICS graphical user interface, and it is also operated at the TLS control consoles environment normally. The archive system transaction between the TLS control system format and EPICS PVs (Process Variables) has been implemented for user access with the existing archive viewer. The efforts will be described at this report.

THPPR015	CESR Control System Upgrade to Linux High Availability Cluster	controls, monitoring, background, status	3999
	M.J. Forster, S.E. Ball, L.Y. Bartnik, D.A. Bougie, R.G. Helmke, M.A. Palmer, S.B. Peck, D.S. Riley, R.J. Sholtys, C.R. Strohman CLASSE, Ithaca, New York, USA
	Funding: Supported by U.S. National Science Foundation, Award PHY-0734867 and Award PHY-1002467, as well as, U.S. Department of Energy, Award DE-FC02-08ER41538. The Cornell Electron Storage Ring (CESR) accelerator complex is used to support the Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS) x-ray user facility and the CESR Test Accelerator (CESRTA) ILC development program. Several hundred electro-magnetic elements as well as several thousand sensors are controlled and monitored in real-time via a Multi-Port Memory device (MPM). MPM access and control programs have used Hewlett Packard (originally DEC) Alpha and VAX computers running OpenVMS since 1988. Due to the demanding throughput, computational and storage requirements of the CESRTA experimental program, as well as a desire to upgrade to more supportable hardware, we have implemented a new Linux control cluster based on an Infortrend 10 GbE Internet Small Computer System Interface (iSCSI) storage device and the Red Hat Cluster Suite. This paper will describe the hardware and software changes required to upgrade our VMS cluster to a high availability, high performance, Linux control cluster.

THPPR022	Radiation Dose Simulation and Measurement plan for SSRF Beam Lines by Using ATOM Phantoms	photon, neutron, radiation, simulation	4008
	Y. Sheng, L.X. Liu, X. Xia, J.Q. Xu SINAP, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
	Radiation dose assessment in advanced synchrotron radiation facility is challenging due to the complexity and uncertainties of radiation source terms induced by high energy particle accelerator. Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, SSRF, is the first third-generation synchrotron facility in China, which was completed in 2009. Radiation dose assessment for workers at SSRF Beam lines is highly concerned. This study presents the dose simulation with Monte Carlo method. The dose simulation was performed with a hybrid phantom coupled into MCNPX code. The hybrid phantom was constructed by combining the ATOM phantom and the Voxel-based Chinese Reference female Phantom, VCRP-woman, originally developed by using the high resolution color photographs. The organs absorbed dose calculated for photon and neutron were compared. An Experiment of measuring the organs dose by using the ATOM phantom will be performed in the near future.

THPPR023	Radiation Shielding Design for Dream-Line Beamline at SSRF	shielding, radiation, synchrotron-radiation, target	4011
	J.Q. Xu, L.X. Liu, J.J. Lv, Y. Sheng, X. Xia SINAP, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
	The dream-line beamline at Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, SSRF, is an under construction soft X-ray beam line with a wide energy range and super high energy resolution. It is required to allow online operation beside optical components in the experiment hutch at this beamline when synchrotron light is running. This requires more careful radiation shielding design for the beamline. The radiation shielding designs for the beamline are considered to shield gas bremsstrahlung and synchrotron. Ray tracing was carried out according to the beamline structure and optical components layout. The residual gas bremsstrahlung with optical components and the induced dose rate distribution were simulated with the Fluka code. The synchrotron radiation scattering at optical components was calculated with the STAC08 code. With the simulated results, the specifications of shielding collimators, safety shutters, and hutch wall are given for the beamline. The normalized dose rate results by gas bremsstrahlung are consisted with the measurements or calculations results in other facilities in the world very well. * Corresponding author: xiaxiaobin@sinap.ac.cn

THPPR026	Automated Phase Optimization for the HDSM at MAMI	linac, injection, microtron, acceleration	4020
	M. Dehn IKP, Mainz, Germany
	Funding: This work has been supported by CRC 443 of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. The Harmonic Double Sided Microtron (HDSM) at Mainz University is a very reliable stage of the 1.6 GeV CW microtron cascade MAMI. Nevertheless setting up and operating the machine depends largely upon an appropriate adjustment of the RF systems. To assist the MAMI operators, a new approach basing on the analysis of the synchrotron oscillation has been developed and enables the optimization of the RF phases of the linacs for the given RF amplitudes.

THPPR028	Telephone Alarm Broadcasting for TPS RF System	monitoring, SRF, status, storage-ring	4026
	Y.-H. Lin, L.-H. Chang, M.H. Chang, L.J. Chen, F.-T. Chung, M.-C. Lin, Ch. Wang, M.-S. Yeh, T.-C. Yu NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	The Taiwan Photon Source (TPS) consists of three 500-MHz RF systems: two sets RF systems with KEKB-type single-cell SRF modules are used for the 3-GeV storage ring, and one with five-cell Petra cavities at room temperature is used for booster synchrotron. To monitor the status of the RF systems and to broadcast the error/alarm messages to the RF guys, we develop a telephone alarm broadcasting system. This introduces the hardware and software structure of the alarm broadcasting system.

THPPR029	A New Control Room for SLAC Accelerators	controls, linac, electron, target	4029
	R.A. Erickson, E. Guerra, M. Stanek, Z. Van Hoover, J. Warren SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
	Funding: This work was supported by the Department of Energy contract DE-AC02-76SF00515. We propose to construct a new control room at SLAC to unify and improve the operation of the LCLS, SPEAR3, and FACET accelerator facilities, and to provide the space and flexibility needed to support the LCLS-II and proposed new test beam facilities. The existing control rooms for the linac and SPEAR3 have been upgraded in various ways over the last decade, but their basic features have remained unchanged. We propose to build a larger modern Accelerator Control Room (ACR) in the new Research Support Building (RSB), which is currently under construction at SLAC. Shifting the center of control for the accelerator facilities entails both technical and administrative challenges. In this paper, we describe the motivation and design concept for the ACR and the remaining challenges to completing this project.

THPPR046	Status of the MedAustron Ion Beam Therapy Centre	controls, ion, ion-source, diagnostics	4077
	U. Dorda CERN, Geneva, Switzerland M. Benedikt, A. Fabich, F. Osmic EBG MedAustron, Wr. Neustadt, Austria
	MedAustron is a synchrotron based light-ion beam therapy centre for cancer treatment as well as for clinical and non-clinical research currently in its construction phase. The accelerator design is based on the CERN-PIMMS study and its technical implementation by CNAO. This paper presents a status overview over the whole project detailing the achieved progress of the building construction & technical infrastructure installation in Wiener Neustadt, Austria, as well as of the accelerator development, performed at CERN and partially at PSI. The design and procurement status and future planning of the various accelerator components is elaborated.

THPPR052	The MedAustron Proton Gantry	optics, dipole, quadrupole, proton	4091
	A. Koschik PSI, Villigen, Switzerland U. Dorda, A. Koschik EBG MedAustron, Wr. Neustadt, Austria D. Meer, E.S. Pedroni Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
	The MedAustron project realizes a synchrotron based accelerator facility in Austria for cancer treatment with protons and carbon ions, currently in the construction phase. In order to allow full patient treatment flexibility, one of the four treatment rooms will be equipped with a proton gantry. While its hardware design is a copy of the PSI Gantry 2, different constraints on the beam optics must be accounted for as MedAustron uses a synchrotron as particle accelerator and a rotator to match the beam into the rotated frame, as compared to the cyclotron of the PSI PROSCAN facility. This paper presents the current status of the hardware design and procurement and a review of the design characteristics of the PSI Gantry 2 for the MedAustron case. In particular the stability of the beam parameters during beam scanning over the treatment scan area is investigated in detail. To achieve utmost parallel active scanning performance, the magnet design parameters (edge angles, corrector quadrupole, tapered dipole) have been optimized for PSI Gantry 2. Equivalent studies are undertaken for the MedAustron requirements and constraints in this paper.

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MOOBB03

An Alternative 1D Model for CSR with Chamber Shielding

impedance, shielding, radiation, vacuum

52

D. Zhou
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

An alternative 1D model for modeling the longitudinal coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR) impedance is proposed. The code CSRZ* is used to calculate the CSR impedance with rectangular chamber shielding. Along the beam orbit, which may be formed by multi bends interleaved with drifts, the vacuum chamber is sliced into a series of segments. The low-frequency CSR impedance for each segment, in this case chamber shielding is significant, is obtained by numerical calculations. The high-frequency CSR impedance, in this case chamber shielding is negligible, is estimated by an analytical model**. The wake kick at each segment is computed via inverse Fourier transform of the impedance convolved the the beam spectrum. The most attractive merit of the method for CSR modeling lies in taking into account the realistic chamber shielding.
* D. Zhou, et al., To be published in Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.
** M. Borland, Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 4, 070701 (2001).

Slides MOOBB03 [1.856 MB]

MOEPPB010

Measurement of Satellite Bunches at the LHC

photon, emittance, ion, coupling

97

A. Jeff, M. Andersen, A. Boccardi, S. Bozyigit, E. Bravin, T. Lefèvre, A. Rabiller, F. Roncarolo
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
A.S. Fisher
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
C.P. Welsch
Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom

Funding: Adam Jeff is a DITANET fellow, supported by the EU's Marie Curie actions contract PITN-GA-2008-215080.
The RF gymnastics involved in the delivery of proton and lead ion bunches to the LHC can result in satellite bunches of varying intensity occupying the nominally empty RF buckets. Quantification of these satellites is crucial for bunch-by-bunch luminosity normalization as well as for machine protection. We present an overview of the longitudinal density monitor (LDM) which is the principal instrument for the measurement of satellite bunches in the LHC. The LDM uses single photon counting of synchrotron light. The very high energies reached in the LHC, combined with a dedicated undulator for diagnostics, allow synchrotron light measurements to be made with both protons and heavy ions. The arrival times of photons are collected over a few million turns, with the resulting histogram corrected for the effects of the detector’s deadtime and afterpulsing in order to reconstruct the longitudinal profile of the entire LHC ring. The LDM has achieved a dynamic range in excess of 10⁵ and a time resolution of 90 ps. Example results are presented and the measurements are benchmarked against satellite distributions based on collision data from the LHC experiments.

MOEPPB011

The Two Methods for Beam Profile Measurement of BEPCⅡ Storage Ring

monitoring, synchrotron-radiation, coupling, emittance

100

L. Wang, J. Cao
IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China

The two method as spatial interferometor and visible light imaging for real time beam profile measurment for BEPCⅡ Storage Ring will be introduced in detail, including optical Magnification measurment, point spread function measurement, image reversion and spatial coherence measurment. the transverse emittance and copouling coefficient was gotten from the result of the beam profile monitor.

MOEPPB015

Excitation of Intra-bunch Vertical Motion in the SPS - Implications for Feedback Control of Ecloud and TMCI Instabilities

resonance, pick-up, feedback, betatron

112

J.D. Fox, J.M. Cesaratto, M.T.F. Pivi, C.H. Rivetta, O. Turgut, S. Uemura
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
W. Höfle, U. Wehrle
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-76SF00515 and the US LHC Accelerator Research Program (LARP).
Electron cloud and transverse mode coupled-bunch instabilities (TMCI) limit the bunch intensity in the CERN SPS. Intra-bunch fast feedback systems are a possible method to control these effects. This paper presents experimental measurements of single-bunch motion in the SPS driven by a GHz bandwidth vertical excitation system*. The primary goal is to quantify the change in internal bunch dynamics as instability thresholds are approached, and quantify the frequencies of internal modes as Ecloud effects become significant. The beam response is sampled at 20 GS/sec. in response to arbitrary excitation patterns, with data in 2011 taken at 3 bunch intensities. We show the excitation of barycentric, head-tail and higher vertical modes. The beam motion is analyzed in the time domain, via animated presentations of the sampled vertical signals, and in the frequency domain, via spectrograms showing the modal frequencies vs. time. The demonstration of the excitation of selected internal modes is a significant step in development of the feedback control techniques.
* "A 4 GS/Sec. Synchronized Vertical Excitation System for SPS Studies - Steps Towards Wideband Feedback," these proceedings.

MOPPC019

Secondary Electron Yield Measurements of Fermilab’s Main Injector Vacuum Vessel

electron, vacuum, gun, controls

166

D.J. Scott, D. Capista, K.L. Duel, R.M. Zwaska
Fermilab, Batavia, USA
S. Greenwald, W. Hartung, Y. Li, T.P. Moore, M.A. Palmer
CLASSE, Ithaca, New York, USA
R.E. Kirby, M.T.F. Pivi, L. Wang
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA

We discuss the progress made on a new installation in Fermilab’s Main Injector that will help investigate the electron cloud phenomenon by making direct measurements of the secondary electron yield (SEY) of samples irradiated in the accelerator. In the Project X upgrade the Main Injector will have its beam intensity increased by a factor of three compared to current operations. This may result in the beam being subject to instabilities from the electron cloud. Measured SEY values can be used to further constrain simulations and aid our extrapolation to Project X intensities. The SEY test-stand, developed in conjunction with Cornell and SLAC, is capable of measuring the SEY from samples using an incident electron beam when the samples are biased at different voltages. We present the design and manufacture of the test-stand and the results of initial laboratory tests on samples prior to installation.

MOPPC052

Calculation of Synchrotron Radiation from High Intensity Electron Beam at eRHIC

photon, radiation, electron, vacuum

247

Y.C. Jing, O.V. Chubar, V. Litvinenko
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA

The Electron-Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (eRHIC) at Brookhaven National Lab adds an electron beam line to the existing RHIC and improves the luminosity by at least 2 orders of magnitude. It requires a high energy and high intensity electron beam. Thus the synchrotron radiation (SR) coming from the bending magnets and large quadrupoles could be penetrating the vacuum chamber and providing hazard to electronic devices and undesired background for detectors. In this paper, we calculate the SR spectral intensity and power density distributions on the chamber wall, suggest the wall thickness required to stop the SR, calculate heat load on the chamber, and estimate spectral characteristics of the residual and scattered background radiation outside the chamber.

MOPPC066

A Design of Thermionic Electron Gun for Traveling Wave Electron-linac in order to Inject Beam into Booster Synchrotron Accelerator

gun, electron, cathode, simulation

286

S. Ahmadian, F. AbbasiDavani, F. Ghasemi, M.Sh. Shafiee
sbu, Tehran, Iran

Applying computational codes functioning on the basis of methods such as Finite Integration caused the designing of different parts of an accelerator to be done faster and with more precision. The first step in using new software is the validation of these codes by experimental results, analytic relations or validating them against other codes whose validity has already been proved. This research aims to design an appropriate structure for thermionic electron gun of traveling wave electron-linac to be used to inject beam into synchrotron accelerators. Firstly, a simple structure of an electron gun used in TWT tube was simulated, and the parameters such as current, perveance, waist beam position, waist beam radius, beam radius entering anode aperture, and also the electric potential variation in the anode-cathode distance and the electric field of anode aperture were compared by experimental results and analytic relations. After verifying the software accuracy, a design for an electron gun with energy and current respectively 200 keV, 18 A and also initial beam radius of 8mm and minimum beam radius of 2.4 mm situated at the distance of 67.44mm from the cathode, was presented.

MOPPC077

Simulation and Analysis of the Beam Signal in Taiwan Photon Source Booster

booster, lattice, betatron, multipole

313

C.C. Chiang, H.-P. Chang, P.J. Chou
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
S.-Y. Lee
IUCEEM, Bloomington, Indiana, USA

The TPS (Taiwan Photon Source) booster is a combined function FODO lattice with six super-periods; the total circumference is 496.8 m. To prepare the analysis tools for beam commissioning, we simulate the TPS booster turn-by-turn BPM data with two programs, MAD-X PTC and Tracy-2.6, which are for both DC (constant beam energy) and AC (beam energy in regular ramping) modes. We analyze the simulation data with MIA (Model Independent Analysis) and ICA (Independent Component Analysis), in order to reconstruct beam parameters like beta function, phase advance, dispersion, etc. We include multipole errors, alignment errors, BPM noises or other noises in simulation, and try to design a good strategy for real data analysis.

MOPPC080

Modeling Space Charge in an FFAG with Zgoubi

space-charge, lattice, emittance, acceleration

322

S.C. Tygier, R. Appleby, H.L. Owen
UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
R.J. Barlow
University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom

The Zgoubi particle tracker uses a ray tracing algorithm that can accurately track particles with large offset from any reference momentum and trajectory, making it suitable for FFAGs. In high current FFAGs, for example an ADSR driver, space charge has a significant effect on the beam. A transverse space charge model was added to Zgoubi using the interface pyZgoubi. The magnets are sliced and a space charge kick is applied between each slice. Results are presented for an ADSR driver lattice.

MOPPC084

G4beamline Code Development

space-charge, electron, collider, radiation

334

T.J. Roberts
Muons, Inc, Batavia, USA

Funding: Supported in part by DoE STTR grant DE-FG02-06ER86281.
G4beamline is a single-particle-tracking simulation program based on Geant4, optimized specifically for beam lines. It is currently used by several hundred physicists and designers around the world, who apply it to a diverse set of interesting problems. As it includes particle decays and interactions, it is applicable to beams for which decays and interactions are important, such as modern muon facilities that involve ionization cooling. Its description language has been designed to be both versatile and user-friendly, and the program includes high-quality visualization and histogramming capabilities. This paper discusses recent code development and new features, and some interesting applications of the program. G4beamline is an open-source program freely available at http://g4beamline.muonsinc.com

MOPPC085

An Integrated Green Function Poisson Solver for Rectangular Waveguides

simulation, space-charge, beam-beam-effects

337

R.D. Ryne
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA

Funding: DOE Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics and Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research
A new method is presented for solving Poisson's equation inside a rectangular waveguide. The method uses Fast Fourier Transforms (FFTs) to perform mixed convolutions and correlations of the charge density with an integrated Green function. Due to its similarity to the widely used Hockney algorithm for solving Poisson's equation in free space, this capability can be easily implemented in many existing particle-in-cell beam dynamics codes.

MOPPD007

Towards Routine Operation of the Scintillation Profile Monitor at COSY

electron, vacuum, injection, proton

382

V. Kamerdzhiev, J. Dietrich, K. Reimers
FZJ, Jülich, Germany
C. Böhme
ESS, Lund, Sweden
A. Pernizki
INP, Jülich, Germany

The optics of the Scintillation Profile Monitor (SPM) was modified to correct the large error observed in previous measurements. Beam profile measurements were carried out after reinstallation in the COSY ring, showing reasonable agreement with profiles, measured with the ionization profile monitor. Performance of the SPM is analyzed. Application of the method in a proton synchrotron is discussed.

MOPPD011

Analysis of Frequency Spectrum of Bunched Beam Related to Transverse Laser Cooling*

laser, betatron, coupling, ion

391

K. Jimbo
Kyoto University, Institute for Advanced Energy, Kyoto, Japan
Z.Q. He
TUB, Beijing, People's Republic of China
M. Nakao, A. Noda, H. Souda, H. Tongu
Kyoto ICR, Uji, Kyoto, Japan

Using synchro-betatron coupling, transverse laser cooling is pursued at an ion storage/cooler ring, S-LSR, Kyoto University. A bunched 40 keV 24Mg+ beam was cooled by a co-propagating laser of 280 nm wavelength. Synchrotron oscillation in the longitudinal direction and betatron oscillation in the horizontal direction were intentionally coupled by an RF drift tube located at the finite dispersive section (D =1.1 m) where longitudinal cooling force was transmitted to the horizontal direction.* Analyzing bunched Schottky signals, which represents longitudinal physical quantities of the beam, we try to obtain an evidence of synchro-betatron coupling and accordingly laser cooling of the beam in the transverse direction.
* H. Okamoto, Phys. Rev. E 50, 4982 (1994)

MOPPD012

Challenge for More Efficient Transverse Laser Cooling for Beam Crystallization

laser, ion, simulation, betatron

394

A. Noda, M. Nakao, H. Souda, H. Tongu
Kyoto ICR, Uji, Kyoto, Japan
M. Grieser
MPI-K, Heidelberg, Germany
Z.Q. He
TUB, Beijing, People's Republic of China
K. Ito, H. Okamoto, K. Osaki
HU/AdSM, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
K. Jimbo
Kyoto University, Institute for Advanced Energy, Kyoto, Japan
Y. Yuri
JAEA/TARRI, Gunma-ken, Japan

Funding: Work supported by Advanced Compact Accelerator Development project by MEXT. Also supported by GCOE project at Kyoto University, The next generation of Physics-Spun from Universality and Emergency.
At S-LSR in ICR, Kyoto University, Mg ion beam has been successfully laser cooled both in longitudinal* and transverse** directions. The cooling rate, however, is not strong enough to realize the crystalline beam due to the heating because of intra-beam scattering (IBS) effect. So as to suppress this IBS, reduction of the beam intensity is inevitable, which however, had resulted in poor S/N ratio for observation of the transverse beam size. In the present paper, we would like to describe a new beam scraping scheme, which selects out the beams in the distribution tail of the transverse phase space keeping the beam density in the core part by simultaneous application of multi-dimensional laser cooling and beam scraping. The strategy to reduce the beam intensity and hence beam heating due to IBS by a controlled scraping of the outskirt beam keeping the beam density at core part almost the same, has been searched by combination of the beam experiments and computer simulations.
* M. Tanabe et al., Applied Physics Express 1, 028001 (2008).
** M. Nakao et al., submitted to PRST-AB.

MOPPD018

A FFAG Design Study for an Accelerator-driven System

proton, resonance, acceleration, focusing

403

T.-Y. Lee, H.-S. Kang, H.-S. Lee
PAL, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea

Design of a 1 GeV FFAG accelerator is studied for the accelerator-driven sub-critical nuclear reactor system. Scaling and non-scaling lattices are studied and compared with each other. Corresponding magnet design and RF system are considered.

MOPPD063

A 180 MeV Injection System for the ISIS Synchrotron

injection, dipole, electron, simulation

511

B. Jones, D.J. Adams, M.C. Hughes, S.J.S. Jago, H. V. Smith, C.M. Warsop, R.E. Williamson
STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom

The ISIS Facility at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in the UK produces intense neutron and muon beams for condensed matter research. It operates at 50 Hz accelerating 3x10¹³ protons per pulse via a 70 MeV H⁻ linac and an 800 MeV proton synchrotron, delivering a mean beam power of 0.2 MW. A favoured first step to upgrade ISIS towards the megawatt regime is replacement of the linac with a new 180 MeV injector. Studies of this upgrade, which aims to increase mean beam power up to 0.5 MW are continuing. This paper summarises designs for a new injection region including beam dynamics and related hardware.

MOPPP003

Comparison of Various Sources of Coherent THz Radiation at FLUTE

radiation, electron, linac, synchrotron-radiation

568

M. Schwarz, E. Huttel, A.-S. Müller, S. Naknaimueang, M.J. Nasse, R. Rossmanith, M. Schuh, P. Wesolowski
KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
M.T. Schmelling
MPI-K, Heidelberg, Germany

The "Ferninfrarot Linac- Und Test-Experiment" FLUTE, based on a 50 MeV S-band linac with bunch compressor, is currently under construction at the KIT in Karlsruhe in order to study the production of coherent radiation in the Terahertz frequency range. The three photon generating mechanisms investigated in this paper are coherent synchrotron-, edge-, and transition radiation. For each case, we present the spectra and peak electric fields calculated from longitudinal charge distributions of a short, low charge and a long, high charge bunch. The respective bunch shapes are obtained by a detailed simulation (particle tracking) of FLUTE. We also give the expected temporal evolution of the electric field pulses.

MOPPP049

Deposition and In-Situ Characterization of Alkali Antimonide Photocathodes

cathode, vacuum, scattering, diagnostics

670

X. Liang
SBU, Stony Brook, New York, USA
K. Attenkofer
ANL, Argonne, USA
I. Ben-Zvi, M. Ruiz-Osés
Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, USA
H.A. Padmore, T. Vecchione
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
S.G. Schubert
HZB, Berlin, Germany
J. Smedley
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA

Funding: This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U. S. Department of Energy, under Contract No. KC0407-ALSJNT-I0013, and DE-SC0005713.
Alkali antimonide cathodes have the potential to provide high quantum efficiency for visible light, and are significantly more tolerant of vacuum contaminants than GaAs, so they are attractive for high-average-current photoinjectors to generate high quality electron beams. These cathodes are crystalline; however, standard growth recipes used today do not produce large crystals. We have grown multi-alkali cathodes on silicon and molybdenum substrates with in-situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray reflection (XRR) analysis. The correlation of the cathode structure to the growth parameters and quantum efficiency was explored. During the deposition and evaporation of Sb and K layers, the possibility of selective growth of specific crystalline orientation was observed via X-ray diffraction.

MOPPP058

Improvements to the APS Booster Injection Controllaw Process

injection, controls, booster, lattice

693

C. Yao, F. Lenkszus, H. Shang, S. Xu
ANL, Argonne, USA

Funding: Work supported by U.S. Department of Energy, Offices of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under contract No. DE-AC02-06- CH11357.
The APS booster is a 7-GeV electron synchrotron with a 0.5-second cycle time. The booster runs a set of injection control programs that corrects the injection beam trajectory based on the beam history of two BPMs. An IOC process calculates the I and Q components of beam oscillation from turn-by turn beam position samples over the first 64 turns. The booster injection control programs apply phase, energy, and transverse angle correction based on the result of the IOC processing. The initial system was installed in 2007. Since installation the system has mostly worked well for normal user operations. However, occasionally the system has yielded inconsistent results. Recently we reviewed the signal and processes involved in this system and made necessary upgrades to some components, including selection of a new set of two input BPMs, optimization of FFT parameters, and addition of an injection tune control program. These upgrades have significantly improved the effectiveness and consistency of the system. We report the findings, analysis, and results.

MOPPP064

Challenges of Quasiperiodic APPLE Undulators

undulator, lattice, polarization, synchrotron-radiation

705

J. Bahrdt
HZB, Berlin, Germany
S. Sasaki
HSRC, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan

APPLE undulators have become workhorses in many synchrotron radiation facilities for the production of variably polarized light. In helical mode higher harmonics are not produced. In linear mode (horizontal, vertical, inclined) higher harmonics may contaminate the first harmonic and spoil the quality of experimental data. Planar undulators employing a quasiperiodic magnetic structure have been built and they are successfully operated at several places. The implementation of a quasiperiodic lattice in an APPLE undulator is more complicated since the device is operated in various modes of operation. The proposed APS-upgrade includes a quasiperiodic APPLE undulator which is intended to be operated in the range 2.4-27 keV. A detailed analysis of the magnetic and spectral performance of this device is presented.

MOPPP067

In-vacuum, Cryogen-free Field Measurement System for Superconducting Undulator Coils

undulator, vacuum, insertion, insertion-device

714

A.W. Grau, T. Baumbach, S. Casalbuoni, S. Gerstl, M. Hagelstein, T. Holubek, D. Saez de Jauregui
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany

The performance of superconducting insertion devices (IDs) depends strongly on the magnetic field quality. Before installing IDs in synchrotron light sources the characterization and precise measurements of their magnetic properties are of fundamental importance. Improvements in magnetic field measurement technology of conventional, i.e. permanent magnet based IDs, made significant progress during the last years and push the capabilities of synchrotron light sources. For superconducting IDs similar major developments are necessary. As a part of our R&D program for superconducting insertion devices we perform quality assessment of their magnetic field properties. This contribution describes details and challenges of the cryostat and measurement setup assembly to perform magnetic measurements of the local field and of the field integrals of superconducting undulator coils in a cold in-vacuum (cryogen free) environment. The focus will be on the outcome of the final acceptance test together with results of first tests performed with mock-up coils.

MOPPP075

The Research on Magnetic Properties of Magnet for SSRF Cryogenic Permanent Magnet Undulator

cryogenics, undulator, permanent-magnet, radiation

735

Y.Z. He, L. Wang, Q.G. Zhou
SINAP, Shanghai, People's Republic of China

The temperature coefficient of Br and Hci of Nd2Fe14B and Pr2Fe14B permanent magnet are about -0.1 K-1 and -0.6 K-1 respectively, the higher Br and Hci can be obtained at low temperature. By this theory, a cryogenic permanent magnet undulator(CPMU) may be designed, the maximum magnetic field and the Hci of permanent magnet increased 10-50% and 300-500% respectively, compared with the conventional undulators, the higher brightness X-rays and the more resistance to radiation of undulators can be obtained. The Pr2Fe14B permanent magnet has better potential magnetic properties than the Nd2Fe14B permanent magnet at low temperature for having no spin reorientation phenomenon. The permanent magnets are key “heart” magnetic components for cryogenic permanent magnet undulator, since January 2012, the research plan on magnetic properties of domestic permanent magnet for SSRF cryogenic permanent magnet undulator at low temperature by the support of Shanghai and Nation Nature science funds be started, the paper introduced research status of the item.

MOPPP077

Heat Load Budget on TPS Undulator in Vacuum

undulator, radiation, synchrotron-radiation, vacuum

741

J.C. Huang, J. Chen, C.-S. Hwang, F.-Y. Lin, Y.T. Yu
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan

The performance of an insertion device is limited by the magnet gap because a small gap affects the dynamic aperture and results in a short life time of the beam. An in-vacuum undulator is designed to have no vacuum chamber between the magnet arrays so to allow the entire magnet gap to be fully used for the dynamic aperture. An in-vacuum undulator can optimally minimize the gap to achieve continuous energy spectra. One problem of an undulator with a small gap is resistive wall heating by the image current. The heat load depends strongly on the injected mode in the storage ring; injection of multiple bunches might deteriorate the thermal performance for the magnet array. In this paper, we present a calculation of the heat load budget for a magnet array of an in-vacuum undulator of Taiwan Photon Source (TPS).

MOPPP089

Development of a PrFeB Cryogenic Undulator at NSLS-II

undulator, cryogenics, vacuum, permanent-magnet

762

C.A. Kitegi, P. Cappadoro, O.V. Chubar, T.M. Corwin, H.C. Fernandes, D.A. Harder, P. He, G. Rakowsky, J. Rank, C. Rhein, T. Tanabe
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA

Recent cryogenic undulators use Praseodymium-Iron-Boron (PrFeB) magnets cooled down to 80K. The main drawn drawback of the PrFeB magnet grades developed so far are their relative low coercive field at ambient temperature, below 2 T which prevents PrFeB based cryogenic undulator from baking. Some precautions are required during the undulator assembling and shimming to ensure ultra high vacuum compatibility. However Hitachi Metal Industry (HMI) recently developed two different grades of PrFeB magnet with large coercive field but at the expense of the remanent field. The magnetization curves have been measured from 40 K up to 400 K to determine the field increase and to investigate the magnet withstanding to baking. An IVU prototype has also been baked. Magnetic measurements before and after baking are also presented.

MOPPR001

Resonant Spin Depolarisation Measurements at the SPEAR3 Electron Storage Ring

storage-ring, electron, lattice, polarization

771

K.P. Wootton, R.P. Rassool
The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
M.J. Boland, Y.E. Tan
ASCo, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
W.J. Corbett, M.H. Donald, X. Huang, R.R. Ortiz, J.A. Safranek, K. Tian
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA

Accurate electron beam energy measurements are valuable for precision lattice modelling of high-brightness light sources. At SPEAR3 the beam energy was measured using the resonant spin depolarisation method with striplines to resonantly excite the spin tune and a sensitive NaI scintillator beam loss monitor was used to detect resulting changes in Touschek lifetime. Using the combined apparatus an electron beam energy of 2.997251(7) GeV was measured, giving a relative uncertainty better than 3x10^-6. The measured momentum compaction factor was found to be in close agreement with the numerical model value using rectangular defocussing gradient dipoles with measured magnetic field map profiles. In this paper we outline the chosen experimental technique, with emphasis on its applicability to electron storage rings in general.

MOPPR002

Overview of the Beam Diagnostics in the MedAustron Accelerator: Design Choices and Test Beam Commissioning

emittance, injection, extraction, proton

774

F. Osmic, M. Feurstein, A. Gyorgy, A. Kerschbaum, M. Repovz, S.M. Schwarz
EBG MedAustron, Wr. Neustadt, Austria
G. Burtin
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The MedAustron center is a synchrotron based accelerator complex for cancer treatment and for clinical and non-clinical research with protons and light ions, currently under construction in Wiener Neustadt, Austria. The accelerator complex is based on the CERN-PIMMS study and its technical implementation by the Italian CNAO foundation in Pavia. The MedAustron beam diagnostics system is based on sixteen different monitor types (153 devices in total) and will allow measuring all relevant beam parameters from the source to the irradiation rooms. The monitors will have to cope with large intensity and energy ranges. Currently, one ion source, the low energy beam transfer line and the RFQ are being commissioned in the Injector Test Stand (ITS) at CERN. This paper gives an overview of all beam monitors foreseen for the MedAustron accelerator, elaborates some of the design choices, and reports the first beam commissioning results from the ITS.

MOPPR010

Simultaneous Measurement of Emittance at the Storage Ring and the External Beamlines of ELSA

emittance, quadrupole, extraction, diagnostics

792

S. Zander, F. Frommberger, W. Hillert, D. Proft
ELSA, Bonn, Germany

Funding: Funded by the DFG within the SFB / TR 16.
The Electron Stretcher Facility (ELSA) consists of several accelerator stages, the last one being a storage ring providing a beam of polarized electrons of up to 3.5 GeV. To ensure a high duty cycle, a slow extraction via a third integer resonance is applied at ELSA. The resonance extraction cause a variation of the emittance in the external beamline. A system for simultaneous measurement of emittance in the storage ring and the external beamlines has been installed. First results including a comparison of both emittances will be shown.

MOPPR011

A New Diagnostic Beamline at ELSA

radiation, synchrotron-radiation, diagnostics, electron

795

S. Zander, F. Frommberger, P. Hänisch, W. Hillert, B. Neff
ELSA, Bonn, Germany

Funding: Funded by the DFG within the SFB / TR 16.
At the Electron Stretcher Facility (ELSA), a new synchrotron light diagnostic Beamline has been installed in order to perform high resolution, transversal and longitudinal beam profile measurements by analyzing the emitted synchrotron light. For this purpose, the main deflecting AL mirror selects a wide range of wavelengths from 200–800 nm out of the whole synchrotron spectrum. The setup of the beamline and its relevant components will be presented.

MOPPR013

Beam Loss and Transmission Control at FAIR

controls, ion, proton, extraction

801

M. Schwickert, T. Hoffmann, F. Kurian, H. Reeg, A. Reiter
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
W. Vodel
HIJ, Jena, Germany

FAIR, the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research, is presently entering the final layout phase at GSI. The injector chain consists of the existing linear accelerator UNILAC and synchrotron SIS18, plus a new dedicated 70 MeV high-intensity proton Linac. Along the injector chain to the main synchrotron SIS100 as well as in the beam transport lines, which connect synchrotrons, storage rings and experimental areas, beam transmission or vice versa beam loss have to be controlled very precisely. To supply a maximum intensity of 5·10¹¹ U²⁸⁺/spill to experiments and to prevent machine damages by intense beams, an integrated system for transmission and loss control is mandatory. While various kinds of beam current transformers control transmission online, intercepting Particle Detector Combinations (scintillators, ionization chambers, secondary electron monitors) are foreseen for optimization runs. External Beam Loss Monitors indirectly detect loss positions by measuring secondary particles. This contribution summarizes the requirements for the related detector systems and presents basic concepts for beam loss and transmission control at FAIR.

MOPPR015

Bunch-by-bunch Feedback Systems at the DELTA Storage Ring

feedback, kicker, electron, injection

807

M. Höner, M. Bakr, H. Huck, S. Khan, R. Molo, A. Nowaczyk, A. Schick, P. Ungelenk, M. Zeinalzadeh
DELTA, Dortmund, Germany

Funding: Work supported by BMBF (05K10PEB)
At the DELTA 1.5-GeV electron storage ring operated as a synchrotron radiation source by the TU Dortmund University, bunch-by-bunch feedback systems have been recently installed and commissioned to detect and suppress longitudinal as well as transverse multibunch instabilities. Besides that, the feedback systems are used as a diagnostics tool. Growth rates of multibunch instabilities and their dependence on the beam current have been measured. Additionally, the oscillation amplitudes of electron bunches have been studied during the injection process.

MOPPR021

Commissioning of a New Beam-position Monitoring System at ANKA

booster, controls, brilliance, feedback

825

S. Marsching, N. Hiller, E. Huttel, V. Judin, B. Kehrer, M. Klein, C.A.J. Meuter, A.-S. Müller, M.J. Nasse, M. Schuh, N.J. Smale, M. Streichert
KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
G. Rehm
Diamond, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom

A new beam-position monitoring and diagnostic system is being commissioned at ANKA, the synchrotron light source of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology. This system is based on 40 Libera Brilliance devices from Instrumentation Technologies. It provides turn-by-turn information about the beam position. This information can be used for beam diagnostics (e.g. finding the position where the beam is lost during injection phase) and can also form the base of a fast orbit-correction scheme. We have performed studies to assess the performance of the new BPM system in comparison to the old system being replaced. In order to optimize the commissioning process we have developed a scheme for switching to the new system gradually by integrating it with the MATLAB Middle-Layer using EPICS control software. In this contribution we present the results of our comparison of the two BPM systems and provide an insight into the experience gained during the commissioning process.

MOPPR030

Various Methods to Measure the Betatron Tune of the Synchrotoron

betatron, closed-orbit, pick-up, injection

843

S. Hatakeyama
JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan

Generally in the synchrotron, the frequency of transverse oscillation of the bunched beam for each single turn (usually called betatron tune or just "tune") is one of fundamental controllable knobs to avoid the instability of the accelerator. In this report, it is not mentioned about the effect to the beam instability but it is focused to various methods to measure the betatron tune by using bunch-by-bunch transverse beam position. The following items will be presented, (1) least square fitting to the time-domain beam position at specific location. (2) peak finding of the frequency-domain beam position at specific location. (3) phase space analysis of the beam position at specific location.(4) frequency-domain analysis of the beam position in the normalized coordinate at many locations in the ring orbit. For the application to the real accelerator, data of the J-PARC (Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex) will be shown.

MOPPR047

Study of the Response of Low Pressure Ionisation Chambers

proton, target, electron, monitoring

888

E. Nebot Del Busto, B. Dehning, E. Effinger, V. Grishin, J.F. Herranz Alvarez
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The Beam Loss Monitoring System (BLM) of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is based on parallel plate Ionization Chambers (IC) with active volume ~1.5l and a nitrogen filling gas at 0.1 bar overpressure. At the largest loss locations, the ICs generate signals large enough to saturate the read-out electronics. A reduction of the active volume and filling pressure in the ICs would decrease the amount of charge collected in the electrodes, and so provide a higher saturation limit using the same electroncis. This makes Little Ionization Chambers (LIC) filled with both reduced pressure and active volume a good candidate for these high radiation areas. In this contribution we present measurements performed with several LIC monitors with reduced active volume and various filling pressures. These detectors were tested under various conditions with different beam setups, with standard LHC ICs used for calibration purposes.

MOPPR050

Design and Analysis of EPU XBPM in TPS

undulator, photon, synchrotron-radiation, radiation

894

A. Sheng, C.M. Cheng, C.K. Kuan
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
D. Shu
ANL, Argonne, USA

Several planer and elliptical polarized undulators (EPU) beam lines have been proposed and are to be built for Taiwan Photon Source (TPS) in National Synchrotron Research Center (NSRRC). Due to its complexity, with changing of vertical as well as horizontal deflection parameters (Kx and Ky), one finds that regular diamond bladed photon beam position monitor (XBPM) would not be sufficient to detect the center location of the undulator. A new conceptual design of EPU XBPM has been analyzed both in thermal as well as photon aspects. A prototype by taking advantage of fluorescent some of the diamond detectors has been designed and implemented in Taiwan Light Source (TLS) for testing. Some analysis and design scenarios are presented in this paper.

MOPPR053

Improvement of BPM System for the Siam Photon Source

storage-ring, shielding, photon, controls

903

P. Songsiriritthigul, S. Boonsuya, S. Klinkhieo, P. Klysubun, S. Krainara, P. Sudmuang, N. Suradet
SLRI, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
J.-R. Chen, H.P. Hsueh, Y.-H. Liu
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
S. Rujirawat, P. Songsiriritthigul
Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand

The Siam Photon Source (SPS) is the first synchrotron light source ever built by modifying and relocating a light source from one country to another. The SPS produced its first light in Dec 2001. The machine has been used to provide regularly synchrotron light for users since 2005. Systematic studies and investigations of the machine have properly been carried out under the supervision of the International Advisory Committee of SLRI in the last two years. This report describes the improvement of the beam position monitoring (BPM) system for the 1.2 GeV storage ring of SPS. The efficiency and reliability of the original BPM system was greatly hindered by the low quality signal cables. The replacement with the higher quality (lower loss and better interference shielding) BPM cables and the implementation of a separated cable tray for the BPM cables have significantly improved the quality of the BPM signals, allowing the possibilities for machine study and thus providing further improvement of the machine. Detailed descriptions of the work on the BPM electronic boards will be described. The measurement results before and after the improvement of the BPM system will also be presented.

MOPPR054

Beam Size Measurement at Siam Photon Source Storage Ring

storage-ring, monitoring, radiation, photon

906

P. Sudmuang, N. Deethae, P. Klysubun, S. Krainara, T. Poolampong, K. Sitisart, N. Suradet
SLRI, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand

Synchrotron radiation interferometer and direct imaging setups have been installed and subsequently utilized to investigate transverse beam profile at the Siam Photon Source (SPS). Details of the optical setup as well as the beam sizes determined from the measurement will be presented. Comparison between the measured and theoretical values as established by linear optics calibration will be made and discussed. In order to demonstrate the beam profiling capability of the interferometer and direct imaging systems, measurements with different operating parameters have been carried out and the results will be presented as well.

MOPPR064

Development of a Turn-by-Turn Beam Position Monitoring System for Multiple Bunch Operation of the ATF Damping Ring

extraction, damping, feedback, monitoring

930

P. Burrows, R. Apsimon, D.R. Bett, N. Blaskovic Kraljevic, G.B. Christian, M.R. Davis, A. Gerbershagen, C. Perry
JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom
B. Constance
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
J. Resta-López
IFIC, Valencia, Spain

An FPGA-based monitoring system has been developed to study multi-bunch beam instabilities in the damping ring (DR) of the KEK Accelerator Test Facility (ATF). The system utilises a stripline beam position monitor (BPM) and a single-stage down-mixing BPM processor. The system is designed to record the horizontal and/or vertical positions of up to three bunches in the DR with c. 150ns bunch spacing, or the head bunch of up to three trains in a multi-bunch mode with bunch spacing of 5.6 ns. The FPGA firmware and data acquisition software allow the recording of turn-by-turn data. An overview of the system and performance results will be presented.

MOPPR079

Horizontal Beam-size Measurements at CESR-TA Using Synchrotron-light Interferometer

emittance, synchrotron-radiation, scattering, lattice

972

S. Wang, J.V. Conway, D.L. Hartill, M.A. Palmer, D. L. Rubin
CLASSE, Ithaca, New York, USA
R.F. Campbell, R. Holtzapple
CalPoly, San Luis Obispo, California, USA

Funding: DOE Award DE-FC02-08ER41538 NSF Award (PHY-0734867) NSF Award (PHY-1002467) NSF Award (PHY-1068662).
A horizontal beam profile monitor utilizing visible synchrotron radiation from a bending magnet has been designed and installed in CESR. The monitor employs a double-slit interferometer which has been successfully implemented to measure horizontal beam sizes over a wide range of beam currents. By varying the separation of the slits, beam sizes ranging from 50 to 500 microns can be measured with a resolution of approximately 5 microns. The method for extracting the horizontal beam size from the interference pattern is presented and its application to intrabeam scattering studies is described. A configuration for measuring the small vertical beam size is also discussed.

TUXA01

Status of the J-PARC Facility

linac, neutron, extraction, hadron

1005

S. Nagamiya
JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan

This presentation should provide a summary of the status and eventual re-commissioning of the J-PARC facility following the 2011 earth quake and tsunami.

Slides TUXA01 [33.003 MB]

TUOAB03

Five Years of Accelerator Operation Experience at HIT

ion, controls, ion-source, linac

1083

A. Peters, R. Cee, E. Feldmeier, M. Galonska, Th. Haberer, K. Höppner, S. Scheloske, C. Schömers, T. Winkelmann
HIT, Heidelberg, Germany

Since spring 2007 the HIT company, a 100% daughter of the Heidelberg University Hospital, has taken over the responsibility for the operation of the first dedicated European ion beam tumour therapy facility. In 2009 the clinical operation started and since then more than 800 patients were treated in the facility. This success is based on a well-trained and highly-motivated team of physicists, engineers and technicians responsible for the 24/7 operation scheme as well as for more than 70% of the accelerator maintenance. The paper will give an overview of the operation organization reflecting the overall beam time schedule. In addition, the accelerator statistics will prove the achieved high availability of about 98% besides planned maintenance time. Furthermore, the reliability of the HIT accelerator including the gantry section will be illustrated resulting in long intervals before necessary retuning. At last, an outlook to further enhancements of the facility operation will be presented.

Slides TUOAB03 [7.526 MB]

TUOAC02

Development of HTS Magnets

dipole, superconductivity, resonance, neutron

1095

K. Hatanaka, M. Fukuda, N. Hamatani, N. Izumi, K. Kamakura, T. Saito, H. Ueda, Y. Yasuda, T. Yorita
RCNP, Osaka, Japan
T. Kawaguchi
KT Science Ltd., Akashi, Japan

A quarter of a century has passed since the discovery of high-temperature superconductor (HTS) materials in 1986. Although many prototype devices using HTS wires have been developed, these applications are presently rather limited in accelerator and beam line facilities. We have investigated the performance of HTS wires applied for magnets excited by alternating current (AC) as well as direct current (DC) for a decade. In order to check feasibilities of pulse magnets using HTS wire, we have fabricated a super-ferric dipole magnet to be operated by lumping currents. Upper and lower coil consists of 3 double pancakes of 200 turns. Critical currents were measured of wire measured at 77K. Self-field Ic of wire was higher than 160A. Ic values of double pancakes were 60-70A. After stacking, they were 47A and 51A for the upper and lower coil, respectively. Cooling tests were successfully done and the Ic values were measured to be 280A at 20K. Performance tests are ongoing in the pulse mode operation.

Slides TUOAC02 [5.252 MB]

TUEPPB004

A Longitudinal Beam Dynamics Code for Proton Synchrotron

cavity, simulation, space-charge, bunching

1119

Y.S. Yuan, N. Wang, S. Wang, S.Y. Xu
IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China

The accelerator of China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) consists of an 80 MeV linac and a 1.6 GeV Rapid Cycling Synchrotron (RCS). Longitudinal beam dynamics study is one of the most important issues for RCS beam dynamics design. However, the existing codes cannot meet the requirement of longitudinal beam dynamics for CSNS/RCS. A new code has been developed for longitudinal beam dynamics design and simulation. The code can perform the voltage and phase curves design for non-sinusoidal magnetic field of dipole in an RCS cycle, with the fundamental RF mode and dual harmonic mode. The code can also be used for the beam simulation with longitudinal space charge effect, including the effects of higher order mode of RF cavities. By using the code, the longitudinal beam dynamics of CSNS/RCS was designed and optimized, and the simulation study with dual harmonics higher order modes of RF cavity was done, and the simulation results are presented.

TUEPPB008

Status Report on the Iranian Light Source Facility Project

storage-ring, booster, cavity, dipole

1131

J. Rahighi, H. Ajam, R. Aslani, S. Fatehi, H. Ghasem, M.R. Khabazi, R. Safian, E. Salimi, A. Shahveh
IPM, Tehran, Iran
E. Ahmadi, M. Jafarzadeh, H.B. Jalali, M. Moradi, S. Pirani, M. Rahimi, A. Sadeghipanah, F. Saeidi, Kh.S. Sarhadi, A. Shahverdi
ILSF, Tehran, Iran
D. Einfeld
CELLS-ALBA Synchrotron, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain

The Iranian Light Source Facility Project (ILSF) is a 3rd generation light source with an energy of 3 GeV,a full energy injector and a 100 MeV linac as preinjector. For storage ring, booster synchrotron and linac including the transfer lines, a draft design has been completed and will be presented. The storage ring has an emittance of 3.3 nm-rad, a circumference of 297.6 meters with an overall of 32 straight sections of different lengths. The booster synchrotron has a circumference of 197 meters and emittance of 35nm-rad. For the booster synchrotron a new lattice is proposed. The linac is a conventional 150 MeV accelerator. The different accelerator components, magnets, girders, power supplies, vacuum systems etc. are in the design phase. State of the art design for different components is employed through international collaboration.

TUPPC038

Interaction Region Optics for the Non-Interacting LHC Proton Beam at the LHeC

proton, electron, optics, quadrupole

1245

L.N.S. Thompson
Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
R. Appleby
UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
O.S. Brüning, B.J. Holzer
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
M. Klein
The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
P. Kostka
DESY Zeuthen, Zeuthen, Germany

The Large Hadron Electron Collider project is a proposal to study e-p and e-A interactions at the LHC. Two electron accelerator designs are being studied; a linac and a synchrotron. In the synchrotron option, a 60GeV electron beam is collided with one of the LHC proton beams to provide high luminosity TeV-scale interactions. The interaction region for this scheme is complex and introduces a series of challenges due to the integration of the two machines. One of these is the optics of the second non-interacting proton beam. The second proton beam must not interfere with the LHeC experiment, but simultaneous running of the remaining LHC experiments requires that this beam must still circulate relatively undisturbed. This paper discusses methods to solve these challenges for the electron synchrotron design.

TUPPC039

Synchrotron Radiation Studies for a Ring-Ring LHeC Interaction Region and Long Straight Section

dipole, electron, proton, quadrupole

1248

L.N.S. Thompson
Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
R. Appleby
UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
N.R. Bernard
ETH, Zurich, Switzerland
O.S. Brüning, B.J. Holzer
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
M. Klein
The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
P. Kostka
DESY Zeuthen, Zeuthen, Germany
B. Nagorny
DESY, Hamburg, Germany

The Large Hadron Electron Collider project is a proposal to study e-p and e-A interactions at the LHC. In the design for an electron synchrotron (alternative designs for a linac are also under development), a 60GeV e± beam is collided with a 7TeV LHC proton beam to produce TeV-scale collisions. Despite being much lower energy than the proton beam, the electron beam is high enough energy to produce significant amounts of synchrotron radiation (SR). This places strong constraints on beam optics and bending. In particular challenges arise with the complex geometry required by the long straight section (LSS) and interaction region (IR). This includes the coupled nature of the proton and electron optics, as SR produced by the electron beam must not be allowed to quench the superconducting proton magnets or create problems with beam-gas backgrounds. Despite this, the electron beam must be deflected significantly within the IR to produce sufficient separation from the proton beam.

TUPPC043

Design of Accumulator and Compressor Rings for the Project-X Based Proton Driver

lattice, proton, linac, optics

1260

Y. Alexahin, D.V. Neuffer
Fermilab, Batavia, USA

Funding: Work supported by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC, under contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
A Muon Collider (MC) and Neutrino Factory (NF), which may be considered as a step towards MC, both require high-power (~4 MW) proton driver providing short (<1m) bunches for muon production. However, the driver repetition rate required for these two machines is different: ~15 Hz for MC and ~60 Hz for NF. This difference necessitates employing two separate rings: one for accumulation of the proton beam from the Project-X linac in a few (e.g., 4) long bunches, the other for bunch compression - one by one for NF or all at a time for MC with simultaneous delivery to the target. The lattice requirements for these two rings are different: the momentum compaction factor in the accumulator ring should be large (and possibly negative) to avoid the microwave instability, while the compressor ring can be nearly isochronous in order to limit the required RF voltage and reduce the dispersion contribution to the beam size. In the present report we consider ring lattice designs which achieve these goals.

TUPPC067

How to Achieve Longitudinally Polarized Electrons using Integer Spin Tune Resonances

polarization, resonance, dipole, electron

1326

O. Boldt, A. Dieckmann, F. Frommberger, W. Hillert, J.F. Schmidt
ELSA, Bonn, Germany

Funding: Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
Commonly, strong solenoids are used in circular accelerators to achieve longitudinal polarization. In practice, however, these solenoids cause a phase space coupling, which has to be compensated for by sophisticated decoupling schemes. We suggest to adiabatically ramp into an integer spin tune resonance, while preserving the degree of polarization. When appropriately adjusting the driving horizontal field contributions at the final energy, the resulting polarization is longitudinal at predefined positions in the accelerator. Here, depending on the energy spread, the degree of polarization is conserved for several seconds. The contribution shows the numerical analysis of this scenario being confirmed by first demonstration tests at the ELSA stretcher ring.

TUPPC081

First Experimental Observations from the LHC Dynamic Aperture Experiment

dynamic-aperture, kicker, beam-losses, injection

1362

M. Giovannozzi, M. Albert, G.E. Crockford, S.D. Fartoukh, W. Höfle, E.H. Maclean, A. Macpherson, L. Ponce, S. Redaelli, H. Renshall, F. Roncarolo, R.J. Steinhagen, E. Todesco, R. Tomás, W. Venturini Delsolaro
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
R. Miyamoto
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA

Following intensive numerical simulations to compute the dynamic aperture for the LHC in the design phase, the successful beam commissioning and the ensuing beam operations opened the possibility of performing beam measurements of the dynamics aperture. In this paper the experimental set-up and the first observations based on the few experimental sessions performed will be presented and discussed in detail.

TUPPC082

Non-linear Beam Dynamics Tests at the CERN PS in the Framework of the Multi-turn Extraction

pick-up, extraction, coupling, betatron

1365

M. Giovannozzi, G. Arduini, J.M. Belleman, S.S. Gilardoni, C. Hernalsteens, A. Lachaize, G. Métral, Y. Papaphilippou
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

In the framework of the CERN PS Multi-Turn Extraction several campaigns of measurements probing the non-linear beam dynamics have been carried out. These measurements range from the measurement of non-linear chromaticity to phase space portraits, de-coherence and re-coherence measurements, secondary island tune etc. In this paper these measurements will be reviewed and the results presented and discussed in details.

TUPPC100

On Quantum Integrable Systems

lattice, plasma, focusing, betatron

1392

V.V. Danilov
ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
S. Nagaitsev
Fermilab, Batavia, USA

Funding: This research is sponsored by Oak Ridge National Lab, under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725, and Fermi National Lab, under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359.
Many quantum integrable systems are obtained using an accelerator physics technique known as Ermakov (or normalized variables) transformation. This technique was used to create classical nonlinear integrable lattices for accelerators and nonlinear integrable plasma traps. Now, all classical results are carried over to a nonrelativistic quantum case.

TUPPC102

Simulation Study of Beam-beam Effects in Ion Beams with Large Space Charge Tuneshift

space-charge, simulation, lattice, collider

1398

C. Montag
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
During low-energy operations with gold-gold collisions at 3.85 GeV beam energy, significant beam lifetime reductions have been observed due to the beam-beam interaction in the presence of large space charge tuneshifts. These beam-beam tuneshift parameters were about an order of magnitude smaller than during regular high energy operations. To get a better understanding of this effect, simulations have been performed. Recent results are presented.

TUPPP003

Status and Very First Commissioning of the ASTRID2 Synchrotron Light Source

cavity, septum, vacuum, dipole

1605

S.P. Møller, N. Hertel, J.S. Nielsen
ISA, Aarhus, Denmark

ASTRID2 is the new 10 nm UV and soft x-ray light source currently being built at Aarhus University, to replace the ageing source ASTRID. ASTRID2 is now in the end of its installation phase, with commissioning expected to take place during the spring. The status of the installation together with the first results of the commissioning will be presented.

TUPPP008

Recent Results From the Short-Pulse Facility at the DELTA Storage Ring

laser, radiation, electron, undulator

1617

A. Schick, M. Bakr, H. Huck, M. Höner, S. Khan, R. Molo, A. Nowaczyk, P. Ungelenk, M. Zeinalzadeh
DELTA, Dortmund, Germany

Funding: Work supported by DFG, BMBF and by the Federal State NRW.
At the 1.5 GeV synchrotron light source DELTA, operated by the TU Dortmund University, a new facility for ultrashort pulses in the VUV and THz regime is currently under commissioning. Here, the interaction of an intense, ultrashort laser pulse, co-propagating with the electrons in an optical klystron, leads to coherent synchrotron radiation at harmonics of the incident laser wavelength. The aim of the present commissioning steps is to extend the emitted wavelength down to about 50 nm, enabling femtosecond-resolved pump-probe experiments in the VUV regime. Other issues include increasing the photon flux by optimizing the laser-electron interaction and improving the stability and ease of operation of the source.

TUPPP010

Spectral and Temporal Observations of CSR at ANKA

radiation, storage-ring, optics, synchrotron-radiation

1623

V. Judin, N. Hiller, A. Hofmann, E. Huttel, B. Kehrer, M. Klein, S. Marsching, C.A.J. Meuter, A.-S. Müller, M. Schuh, M. Schwarz, N.J. Smale, M. Streichert
KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
M.J. Nasse
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany

Funding: This work has been supported by the Initiative and Networking Fund of the Helmholtz Association under contract number VH-NG-320.
ANKA is a synchrotron light source situated at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology. Using dedicated low-α-optics at ANKA we can reduce the bunch length and generate Coherent Synchrotron Radiation (CSR). Studies of the coherent emission in the time domain allow us to gain an insight into the longitudinal bunch dynamics. These as well as the systematic investigations of the THz spectrum range can be used for benchmarking of theoretical predictions. In this paper we report about the recent progress in CSR observation using fast THz detectors and a Martin-Puplett spectrometer at the ANKA storage ring.

TUPPP036

Large-scale Simulation of Synchrotron Radiation using a Lienard-Wiechert Approach

radiation, simulation, electron, synchrotron-radiation

1689

R.D. Ryne, C.E. Mitchell, J. Qiang
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
B.E. Carlsten, N.A. Yampolsky
LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA

Funding: DOE Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences; NNSA.
Synchrotron radiation is one of the most important and difficult to model phenomena affecting lepton accelerators. Large-scale parallel modeling provides a means to explore properties of synchrotron radiation that would be impossible to study through analytical methods alone. We have performed first-principles simulations of synchrotron radiation, using a Lienard-Wiechert approach, with the same number of simulation particles as would be found in bunches with charge up to 1 nC. The results shed light on the importance of shot noise effects, the amplification of coherent synchrotron radiation due to longitudinal microbunching, the interplay of electric and magnetic forces, and the limits of the widely used one-dimensional model.

TUPPR023

Final-Focus Optics for the LHeC Electron Beam Line

radiation, quadrupole, synchrotron-radiation, electron

1861

J.L. Abelleira
EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
J.L. Abelleira, R. Tomás, F. Zimmermann
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
H. Garcia
UPC, Barcelona, Spain

Funding: Work supported by the European Commission under the FP7 Research Infrastructures project Eu- CARD, grant agreement no. 227579.
One of the options considered for the ECFA-CERN-NuPECC design study for a Large Hadron electron Collider (LHeC)* based on the LHC is adding a recirculating energy-recovery linac tangential to the LHC. First designs of the electron Final Focus System have shown the need to correct the chromatic aberrations. Two designs using different approaches for the chromaticity correction are compared, namely, the local chromaticity correction** and the traditional approach using dedicated sections.
*LHeC Study Group, “A Large Hadron Electron Collider at CERN,” LHeC-Note 2011-001 (2011).
**J. Abelleria et al., "Design Status of LHeC Linac‐Ring Interaction Region," IPAC2011, p. 2796 (2011).

TUPPR078

LEP3: A High Luminosity e⁺e⁻ Collider in the LHC Tunnel to Study the Higgs Boson

collider, luminosity, positron, emittance

2005

F. Zimmermann, M. Koratzinos
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
A.P. Blondel
DPNC, Genève, Switzerland
M. Zanetti
MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA

Recent indications from two LHC experiments suggest that the Higgs boson might be light, within the mass range 115-130 GeV. Such object could be studied at an e⁺e⁻ collider with about 240 GeV centre-of-mass energy. A corresponding Higgs factory – “LEP3” - could be installed in the LHC tunnel, reducing its cost and also allowing for a second life of the two LHC general-purpose detectors. We present preliminary accelerator and beam parameters for LEP3 tailored so as to provide a peak luminosity of 10³⁴/cm²/s at each of two experiments, while respecting a number of constraints including beamstrahlung limits. At this luminosity around 20,000 Higgs events per year per experiment could be obtained for a Standard Model Higgs boson with a mass of 115-130 GeV. For the parameters considered the estimated luminosity lifetime is about 12 minutes, and the synchrotron radiation losses are 50 MW per beam. High operational efficiency requires two rings: a low emittance collider storage ring operating at constant energy, and a separate accelerator to top up the colliding beams every few minutes. The alternative of a larger ring collider installed in a new, bigger tunnel will also be discussed.

TUPPR089

Design Study of Beam Injection for SuperKEKB Main Ring

injection, septum, optics, emittance

2035

T. Mori, N. Iida, M. Kikuchi, T. Mimashi, Y. Sakamoto, H. Sugimoto, S. Takasaki, M. Tawada
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

The SuperKEKB project is in progress toward the initial physics run in the year 2015. It assumes the nano-beam scheme, in which the emittance of the colliding beams is ε=4.6 nm. The emittance of the injected beam is ε=1.46 nm. To achieve such a low emittance, it is vitally important to preserve the emittance during the transport of the beam from the linac to the main ring. One of the most difficult parts is the injection system. We are considering the synchrotron injection for the electron-line to avoid a beam blowup in the ring after injection, which is caused by a beam-beam interaction with the stored beam. The optics study for electron injection and the current R&D status for the septum magnet will be reported in this paper.

WEOAA01

Injected Beam Imaging at SPEAR 3 with a Digital Optic Mask

injection, storage-ring, target, quadrupole

2116

H.D. Zhang, R.B. Fiorito, A.G. Shkvarunets
UMD, College Park, Maryland, USA
W.J. Corbett, A.S. Fisher, K. Tian
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA

Funding: *This work is partially funded by the Office of Naval Research and the DOD Joint Technology Office.
At SPEAR3, the light source operates in top-up injection mode with 273nC charge circulating in the storage ring (350mA). Each individual injection pulse contains only 40pC, or a contrast ration of 1:6800. In order to monitor injected beam dynamics during User operations, it is desirable to optically image the injected charge distribution on a turn-by-turn basis in the presence of the bright stored beam. The measurement is made by re-imaging visible synchrotron radiation onto a 1024x768 pixel Digital-Micro-Array mirror device (DMD) which is used to 'mask' light from the central stored beam while observing the weak injected beam signal on an intensified, fast-gated CCD camera. Complex beam dynamics are observed after only a few 10's of turns around the synchrotron. In this paper we report on the DMD optical configuration, masking considerations, measurement timing and initial tests imaging the injected beam in the presence of stored beam.

Slides WEOAA01 [1.874 MB]

WEOBB03

Computation of the Wigner Distribution for Undulator Radiation

radiation, undulator, electron, brightness

2149

I.V. Bazarov, A.D. Gasbarro
CLASSE, Ithaca, New York, USA

In the effort to optimize brightness in synchrotron radiation sources, questions arise as to the most desirable electron beam parameters given a particular insertion device. With a detailed understanding of the distribution of emitted photons, the electron beam profile can be effectively matched. We have developed tools which, by way of the Wigner distribution, compute the phase space of photons radiated by an electron bunch. An explanation is provided of the workings of the code itself with mention of important algorithms that have been implemented. We demonstrate via numerical examples the Wigner distributions of the undulator radiation. In particular, it is shown that the phase space of light differs appreciably from the Gaussian distribution assumed in many analytical expressions and, therefore, the more thorough approaches should be used for computation of related quantities.

Slides WEOBB03 [2.555 MB]

WEIC04

Functional Materials Development using Accelerator-based Light Sources: Current Capabilities and Future Prospects

FEL, controls, electron, radiation

2156

W.R. Flavell
UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom

Funding: UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), UK Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)
The development of accelerator-based light sources has allowed access to photons of very high brightness and wide tunability. These properties of synchrotron radiation (SR) mean that it can be used to resolve questions that can be answered in no other way, enabling unique contributions to the development of functional materials. Increasingly, these benefits have become essential to material evaluation in manufacturing – ranging from intelligent catalysts for automotive emissions control* to next generation photovoltaics**. Bright, tunable X-rays have been a boon to nanotechnology*** in particular, with its requirement for atom-by-atom understanding – and this benefit is enhanced by the microfabrication capabilities of X-ray lithography in LIGA-based techniques. The result is unique potential for nanoscale device manufacture. The application of bright tunable X-rays to the development of nanostructures for a range of industrial applications is illustrated, and the prospects for exploitation of the ultra-high brightness and femtosecond time structure of FEL radiation are discussed.
* H Tanaka et al., Ang. Chemie Int. Ed. 45, 5998 (2006)
** S J O Hardman et al., Phys Chem Chem Phys 13, 20275 (2011)
*** S Biswas et al., Small (2012) DOI: 10.10⁰²/smll201102100

Slides WEIC04 [11.723 MB]

WEPPD002

The Purifier System for Helium Cryogenic Plant in NSRRC

cryogenics, controls, cavity, SRF

2498

H.C. Li, S.-H. Chang, C.M. Cheng, W.-S. Chiou, F. Z. Hsiao, T.F. Lin, C.P. Liu, H.H. Tsai
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan

A cryogenic adsorber is a purifier cooled with liquid nitrogen that is used to trap impurities from gaseous helium in the helium cryogenic system. The output purity can be decreased to less than 5 ppm and the dew point to -62 °C. The maximum rate of flow of each adsorber is 95 Nm3/h. We installed five cryogenic adsorbers in the cryogenic system and completed its testing in 2011; five additional cryogenic adsorbers will be installed in 2012. The configuration, installation, test results and operation of an cryogenic adsorber system are reported herein.
"cryogenic adsorber","purifier"

WEPPD003

Development of a Condenser for the Helium Phase Separator at NSRRC

simulation, vacuum, cryogenics, synchrotron-radiation

2501

C.P. Liu, C.M. Cheng, F. Z. Hsiao, T.Y. Huang, H.H. Tsai
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan

A helium phase separator with a condenser is under fabrication and assembly at National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC). The objective of a helium phase separator with its condenser is to separate two-phase helium flow and to re-condense vaporized gaseous helium with a cryo-cooler of Gifford-McMahon type. This paper presents the design and fabrication of the condenser, a key component of the helium phase separator. A preliminary steady-state simulation of the efficiency of the helium condenser is also presented.
"Condenser","Rate of condensation"

WEPPD010

Re-commissioning of the ESRF Storage Ring Vacuum System

vacuum, storage-ring, insertion, insertion-device

2516

M. Hahn, I. Parat
ESRF, Grenoble, France

A long shutdown of the accelerators to allow the construction of new buildings marked the phase one of the ESRF upgrade program. A number of vacuum sectors has been modified during this time for repair and maintenance but mainly to increase the brilliance of the synchrotron radiation beams by installing longer insertion device (ID) vessels with non-evaporable getter (NEG) coating and a new In Vacuum Undulator. The paper gives an overview of the modified machine and reports experience with its re-conditioning.

WEPPD016

Development of Glassy Carbon Blade for LHC Fast Vacuum Valve

vacuum, acceleration, kicker, synchrotron-radiation

2528

C. Garion, P. Coly
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

An unexpected gas inrush in a vacuum chamber leads to the development of a fast pressure wave. It carries small particles that can compromise the functioning of sensitive machine systems such as the RF cavities or kickers. In the LHC machine, it has been proposed to protect these equipments by the installation of fast vacuum valves. The main requirements for the fast valves and in particular for the blade are: fast closure in the 20 ms range, high transparency and melting temperature in case of closure with beam in, dust free material to not contaminate sensitive adjacent elements and last but not least vacuum compatibility and adequate leak tightness across the blade. In this paper, a design based on a vitreous carbon blade is proposed. The main reasons for this material choice are given. The mechanical study of the blade behaviour under dynamic forces is shown. Fabrication considerations are addressed as well. Tests on prototypes have been carried out on pendulum type fast valves developed for LEP. Results on glassy carbon blades are presented as well as the motion parameter measurements. Qualification of the material for UHV applications has been carried out.

WEPPD019

Manufacturing and Welding Process of Straight Section of Aluminum Alloy UHV Chambers for Taiwan Photon Source

vacuum, photon, radiation, synchrotron-radiation

2537

C.-C. Chang, C.K. Chan, C.L. Chen, J.-R. Chen, G.-Y. Hsiung, S-N. Hsu
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan

This paper describes the manufacturing process and welding sequence for the aluminum extrusion vacuum chamber for the straight sections in Taiwan Photon Source. The straight section composes of aluminum extrusion chamber of A6063 and BPM chamber of A6061 aluminum alloys. The straightness and flatness of these extrusion chambers are controlled under 0.1mm/m and 0.2mm/m, respectively. The BPM chambers are manufactured precisely in oil-free environment, which provide clean surface and a precise sealing surface after machining. All the components are assembled in pre-aligned support system through the welding process. The aluminum chamber for 24 straight sections has been welded. The results show the straightness of < 0.15mm/m, flatness of < 0.3mm/m, and leakage rates of < 2 × 10^-10 mbarl/sec. were achieved.

WEPPD021

Optimization of the Ultra-High Vacuum Systems for the 3 GeV TPS Synchrotron Light Source

vacuum, impedance, photon, electron

2543

G.-Y. Hsiung, C.K. Chan, C.-C. Chang, C.L. Chen, J.-R. Chen, C.M. Cheng, Y.T. Cheng, S-N. Hsu, H.P. Hsueh, Huang, Y.T. Huang, I.C. Sheng, L.H. Wu, Y.C. Yang
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan

The Taiwan Photon Source (TPS), a 3 GeV synchrotron light source, provides an ultra-low emittance of electron beam and the consequent extremely high brightness of photons. The vacuum pressure along the beam duct should be ultra-high vacuum (UHV) and even lower for reduction of the impact to the beam from the gas scattering or ion trapping troubles. Most of the outgas comes from the photon stimulated desorption (PSD) back streaming from downstream absorbers during beam operation and large area surface outgas inside the beam duct as well. Due to the anticipate request of the smallest vertical aperture of beam ducts from various insertion devices and the lowest broadband impedance through all the vacuum chambers of electron storage ring, the inner structure design and the surface treatment of vacuum chambers as well as the constraint of the back stream PSD outgas from distributed absorbers and the pumping locations should be optimized to obtain a high quality UHV system for the high stable synchrotron light source through the long period of operation. The optimized design of the vacuum chambers for the TPS will be described.

WEPPD022

Design of the Water-Cooling System for the Vacuum System of the TPS Storage Ring

vacuum, storage-ring, photon, controls

2546

Y.C. Yang, C.K. Chan, J.-R. Chen, C.M. Cheng, G.-Y. Hsiung
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan

Taiwan Photon Source (TPS) was under construction since 2009. TPS vacuum system was designed in 10^-10 torr level and gas load from synchrotron light was almost confined in bending chambers. A water cooling system was designed to protect vacuum equipment including vacuum chambers and absorbers to avoid melting down by synchrotron light. There are 3 cooling loops for aluminum chambers and 4 loops for cooper absorbers in one unit cell. One prototype for unit cell, including arrangement of control terminal, monitor of flow rate and temperature, and vibration from cooling system will be tested.

WEPPD023

Design and Manufacture of TPS BPM Diamond-Edge Gasket

vacuum, factory

2549

Huang, Y.T. Huang, C.-C. Chang, C.L. Chen, J.-R. Chen, G.-Y. Hsiung, H.P. Hsueh
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan

TPS vacuum chamber is oil-free machined and the material is A6061T651 which the Brinell hardness is 95 kg/mm2. Beam position monitors are installed onto the bending chambers, B1 and B2 and the straight chambers, S3 and S4. The diamond-edge gasket was chosen to seal between BPM flange (SS316L) and the vacuum chamber (A6061T651). Easily manufactured, low cost and less clamping force are three main advantages of this diamond-edge gasket. This diamond-edge gasket is made of A1050H14 which has less hardness, 32 kg/mm2 and its surface roughness is well controlled under 0.8 μm because worse surface roughness probably lead to radial leak. Considering differences of thermal expansion between stainless steel and aluminium, SS304 set screws, nuts and washers are chosen to provide axial sealing force. The sealing ability of this diamond-edge gasket is reliable through tens of bake-out experiments. It is reminded that pre-torque should be sufficient to cause plastic deformation of the diamond-edge gasket and re-torque after baking 24hr and cooling down to room temperature is also important to prevent leaks resulting from loss of torque which usually happen at 100oC.

WEPPD030

Concept for the Antiproton Production Target at FAIR

target, antiproton, proton, radiation

2570

K. Knie, B. Franzke, V. Gostishchev, M. Steck
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
P. Sievers
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

We will report on the status of the antiproton production target for the FAIR facility. A Ni target will be bombarded by a pulsed beam of 29 GeV protons with an intensity of 2.5·10¹³ ppp and a repetition rate of 0.2 Hz. Directly after the target the antiprotons will be focussed by a magnetic horn. In the proceeding magnetic separator antiprotons with an energy of 3 GeV (± 3%) will be selected and transported to the antiproton collector ring. The planned setup of the target area, including radiation protection issues, will be presented,

WEPPD040

Power Saving Schemes in the NSRRC

controls, synchrotron-radiation, status, radiation

2600

J.-C. Chang, Y.F. Chiu, Y.-C. Chung, Y.-C. Lin, C.Y. Liu, Z.-D. Tsai, T.-S. Ueng
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan

To cope with increasing power consumption and huge power bill of the Taiwan Photon Source (TPS) in the near future, we have been conducting several power saving schemes in the National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC) for years. This paper illustrates the power saving results and future schemes. The power saving schemes include optimization of chillers operation, power requirement control, air conditioning system improvement, application of heat pump, and the lighting system improvement.

WEPPD042

The Grounding System at TPS

site, emittance, insertion, controls

2606

T.-S. Ueng, J.-C. Chang, J.-R. Chen, Y.-C. Lin
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan

An elaborately designed grounding system has been installed under the TPS construction site. The ground grid was installed sector by sector to comply with the building construction schedule. The ground resistance measurement of each sector was carried out right after the grid installation. The final ground resistance measurement for the whole grounding system was performed also right after its completion. The measured ground resistances of each sector were used to estimate the final TPS ground resistance, and it was compared to the final TPS ground measurement result. Also, the analysis with computer software is used to justify it. The low impedance of TPS grounding system, < 0.15 ohm, is to insure the safety of TPS personnel and instrumentation, also, to reduce the noise of electronic devices.

WEPPD075

A Novel Planar Balun Structure for Continuous Wave 1 kW, 500 MHz Solid-state Amplifier Design

simulation, impedance, coupling, HOM

2699

T.-C. Yu, L.-H. Chang, M.H. Chang, L.J. Chen, F.-T. Chung, M.-C. Lin, Y.-H. Lin, C.H. Lo, M.H. Tsai, Ch. Wang, T.-T. Yang, M.-S. Yeh
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan

In general, the coaxial type balun plays key role in push-pull amplifier design in the increasing high power solid-state technique transmitter design for accelerator application. However, the coaxial baluns not only increase the complexity in manufacturing procedure but also introduce additional tolerance variation between modules. The variation between parallel power modules would decreases combining efficiency and thus increase the operation cost. Here, a novel planar balun has been proposed and successfully implemented on 1kW solid-state amplifier design for continuous operation with newly designed water cooling plates. The long-term CW test has demonstrated the feasibility of the newly designed planar is quite suitable for CW operation with its excellent low loss, balance property and also low tolerance between modules in mass production.

WEPPP057

Orbit Correction Studies using Neural Networks

controls, storage-ring, simulation, target

2837

E. Meier, G. LeBlanc, Y.E. Tan
ASCo, Clayton, Victoria, Australia

This paper reports the use of Neural Networks for orbit correction at the Australian Synchrotron Storage Ring. The proposed system uses two Neural Networks in an actor-critic scheme to model a long term cost function and compute appropriate corrections. The system is entirely based on the history of the beam position and the actuators, the corrector magnets, in the storage ring. This makes the system auto-tuneable, which has the advantage of avoiding the use of a response matrix. As a generic and robust orbit correction program it can be used during commissioning and in slow orbit feedback. In this study, we present positive initial results of the simulations of the storage ring in Matlab. We will also discuss the possibility of reconstructing the response matrix from the information stored in the neural network for offline orbit response matrix analysis.

WEPPP061

A Method to Obtain the Frequency of the Longitudinal Dipole Oscillation for Modeling and Control in Synchrotrons with Single or Double Harmonic RF Systems

controls, ion, dipole, emittance

2846

J. Grieser, J. Adamy, D.E.M. Lens
TU Darmstadt, RTR, Darmstadt, Germany
H. Klingbeil
TEMF, TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany

Funding: This work was partly funded by GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH
In a heavy-ion synchrotron the bunched beam can perform longitudinal oscillations around the synchronous particle (single bunch dipole oscillation, SBDO). If disturbances/instabilities exciting the SBDO exceed the rate of Landau damping, the beam can become unstable. Furthermore, Landau damping is accompanied by an increase of the beam emittance which may be undesired. Thus, control efforts are taken to stabilize the beam and to keep the emittance small. It is known that for a single harmonic cavity and a small bunch the SBDO oscillates with the synchrotron frequency* if the oscillation amplitudes are small. For a larger bunch or a double harmonic RF systems that introduces nonlinearities**, this is no longer valid. This work shows how the frequency of the SBDO can be determined in general. As a result, the SBDO can again be modeled as a harmonic oscillator with an additional damping term to account for Landau damping. This model can be used for feedback designs which is shown by means of a simple example. As the frequency of the SBDO and the damping rate depend on the size of the bunch in phase space, it is shown how this information can be obtained from the measured beam current.
* F. Pedersen and F. Sacherer, IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, 24:1296–1398, 1977
** A. Hofmann and S. Myers, Proc. of the 11th International Conference on High Energy Acceleration, 1980

WEPPP071

Phase Noise Studies at the Advanced Photon Source

simulation, storage-ring, feedback, photon

2873

N. Sereno, G. Decker, R.M. Lill, B.X. Yang
ANL, Argonne, USA

Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
Phase noise generated primarily by power line harmonics modulating the 352-MHz rf system in the APS storage ring is a dominant source of high- frequency beam motion, both longitudinally and transversely, due to dispersion in the lattice. It also places fundamental limits on the ability to generate picosecond-scale x-ray pulses for fast pump / probe experiments*. Measurements using turn-by-turn beam position monitors (BPMs) located at high-dispersion locations are compared and contrasted with results from a dedicated S-band phase detector connected to either a capacitive pickup electrode or a diamond x-ray detector. Horizontal beam position at high-dispersion locations is related directly to beam phase by a very simple relation involving the momentum compaction. Simulation results are used to validate this relationship and to quantify the relation between phase noise on the main rf vs beam arrival time jitter.
* A. Zholents et al., NIM A 425, 385 (1999).

WEPPP089

Study of the Combined Controller for Adjusting and Locking a Girder with Micrometer-level at NSRRC

controls, monitoring, storage-ring, feedback

2921

H.S. Wang, M.L. Chen, W.Y. Lai, S.Y. Perng, Y.L. Tsai, T.C. Tseng
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
J.-R. Chen
NTHU, Hsinchu, Taiwan

A girder control system is proposed to quickly and precisely adjust the displacement and rotating angle of all girders in the storage ring with little manpower at the Taiwan Photon Source (TPS) project at National Synchrotron Research Center (NSRRC). In this control girder system, six motorized cam movers supporting a girder are driven on three pedestals to perform six-axis adjustments of a girder. To increase the nature frequency of a girder, the locking system is applied to promote the stiffness of a girder structure. The locking system consists of six locking mechanisms attached to three inboard pedestals and a locking controller. The study of the girder control system and the locking system control combined are achieving to the positioning with micrometre-level. This paper presents details of the study and tests of the combined controller.

WEPPR001

Experimental Observation of Space Charge Effects in Transverse Bunch Oscillations in the SIS18 Synchrotron

space-charge, simulation, ion, damping

2931

V. Kornilov, O. Boine-Frankenheim
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany

Coherent signals from transverse bunch oscillations in the heavy-ion synchrotron SIS18 are used for direct measurements of the space charge effect. The bunch oscillations are excited by a transverse kick and the resulting decoherence is observed. The transverse coherent motion in the SIS18 experiments is strongly affected by space charge. The bunches are long, thus the nonlinear motion in the rf bucket plays an important role and must be taken into account. The signals from the measurements are analyzed and explained using analytical and numerical models.

WEPPR002

Intensity Thresholds for Transverse Coherent Instabilities During Proton and Heavy-Ion Operation in SIS100

impedance, space-charge, proton, simulation

2934

V. Kornilov, O. Boine-Frankenheim
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany

The SIS100 synchrotron is the central accelerator of the projected FAIR complex. It should deliver high intensity proton and heavy-ion beams to the different FAIR experiments. Coherent transverse instabilities are a potential intensity-limiting factor in SIS100. In this contribution we give a summary of the different transverse coherent effects in intense bunched beams that can be expected in the SIS100. Some of the main concerns are unstable head-tail modes, the transverse mode coupling instability, and the beam break-up instability. Space charge is an important effect that leads to Landau damping of the head-tail eigenmodes and modifies the transverse mode coupling. The growth times and thresholds for instabilities will be calculated on the basis of the present SIS100 impedance model whose main components are the resistive wall, the kickers, and the broad-band contribution. The corresponding experience from the CERN injector complex will be used for comparisons.

WEPPR011

Numerical Simulation Study of the Montague Resonance at the CERN Proton Synchrotron

emittance, simulation, resonance, space-charge

2958

J. Qiang, R.D. Ryne
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
G. Franchetti, I. Hofmann
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
E. Métral
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Funding: This work partially supported by the US Department of Energy through the US LHC Accelerator Research Program (LARP) under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
The Montague resonance provides a coupling between the vertical and the horizontal dynamics of beams and can cause particle losses due to unequal aperture sizes of the accelerator. In this paper, we present a new numerical simulation study of a previous Montague resonance crossing experiment at the CERN PS including detailed three-dimensional space-charge effects and machine nonlinearity. The simulation reproduces the experimental data and suggests that the longitudinal synchrotron motion played an important role in enhancing transverse resonance coupling.

WEPPR046

THz Bursting Thresholds Measured at the Metrology Light Source

storage-ring, electron, vacuum, octupole

3030

M. Ries, J. Feikes, P.O. Schmid, G. Wüstefeld
HZB, Berlin, Germany
A. Hoehl
PTB, Berlin, Germany

At the Metrology Light Source (MLS) * of the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) the bunch length can be varied by more than two orders of magnitude **. The bunch length manipulation is achieved by varying different machine parameters, such as rf-voltage amplitude up to 500 kV and the momentum compaction factor over three orders of magnitude. The subject of this article is the measurement of THz bursting thresholds at the MLS for different bunch lengths.
* B. Beckhoff et al., Phys. Status Solidi B 246, p. 1415 (2009)
** J. Feikes et al., Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 14, 030705 (2011).

WEPPR056

Reproduction of Ceramic Chamber Impedances with Electric and Magnetic Polarities of the Ceramics

impedance, dipole, vacuum, proton

3051

Y. Shobuda, M. Kinsho
JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan

In proton synchrotron, ceramic chambers are used as vacuum chambers to avoid the effect on magnetic fields from eddy current excited by the magnetic fields. One of the standard methods of the derivation of the impedances of the ceramic chamber is the field matching technique. In this report, we reproduce the formulae of the ceramic chamber impedance in terms of electric and magnetic polarities. When the beam passes through the chamber, the impedance is mainly excited by the electric polarity of the ceramic.

WEPPR061

Thresholds of Longitudinal Single Bunch Instability in Single and Double RF Systems in the CERN SPS

simulation, impedance, damping, emittance

3066

T. Argyropoulos, T. Bohl, J. Esteban Muller, E.N. Shaposhnikova, H. Timko
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
C.M. Bhat
Fermilab, Batavia, USA

A fourth harmonic RF system is used in the SPS as a Landau cavity, in order to stabilize the high intensity LHC proton beam against the longitudinal instabilities. Numerous studies proved that operating the two RF systems, through the whole cycle, in bunch shortening mode is necessary to provide a good quality beam at extraction to the LHC. Furthermore, it was shown that the choice of RF parameters as voltage amplitude ratio and relative phase are critical for the beam stability. This paper presents the results of single bunch measurements performed in single and double RF systems with various RF settings and compares them with the results of macroparticle simulations for the SPS impedance model.

WEPPR073

Effects of an Asymmetric Chamber on the Beam Coupling Impedance

impedance, simulation, kicker, wakefield

3099

C. Zannini, K.S.B. Li, G. Rumolo
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
C. Zannini
EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland

The wake function of an accelerator device appears to have a constant term if the geometry of the device is asymmetric or when the beam passes off axis in a symmetric geometry. Its contribution can be significant and has to be taken into account. In this paper a generalized definition of the impedance/wake is presented to take into account also this constant term. An example of a device where the constant term appears is analyzed. Moreover, the impact of a constant wake on the beam dynamics is discussed and illustrated by a HEADTAIL simulation.

WEPPR079

Observations of Microbunching Instabilities from a THz Port at Diamond Light Source

radiation, storage-ring, optics, electron

3114

W. Shields, G.E. Boorman, V. Karataev, A. Lyapin
JAI, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom
R. Bartolini, A.F.D. Morgan, G. Rehm
Diamond, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom

Diamond Light source is a third generation synchrotron facility dedicated to producing radiation of outstanding brightness. Above a threshold current, the electron bunches are susceptible to the phenomenon known as the microbunching instability. This instability is characterised by the onset of radiation bursts, the wavelength of which is around one order of magnitude shorter than the bunch length. Near threshold, the bursting occurs quasi-‐periodically, however at higher currents, the bursting appears randomly. The high frequencies involved in these emissions make detection and analysis challenging. A port specifically for the investigation of mm wave emissions has recently been built at Diamond. Ultra fast Schottky Barrier Diode detectors have been installed to obtain data for only a small fraction of the bunch revolution time in an updated data acquisition system. The threshold current and subsequent evolution of the instability have been investigated.

WEPPR095

Radial Eigenmodes for a Toroidal Waveguide with Rectangular Cross Section

impedance, electron, resonance, wakefield

3159

R. Li
JLAB, Newport News, Virginia, USA

Funding: Authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177.
In applying mode expansion to solve the CSR impedance for a section of toroidal vacuum chamber with rectangular cross section, we identify the eigenvalue problem for the radial eigenmodes which is different from that for cylindrical structures. In this paper, we present the general expressions of the radial eigenmodes, and discuss the properties of the eigenvalues on the basis of the Sturm-Liouville theory.

WEPPR097

Comparing New Models of Transverse Instability with Simulations

space-charge, coupling, simulation, wakefield

3165

M. Blaskiewicz
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA

Recently, Balbekov* has produced an ordinary integro-differential equation that approximates the Vlasov equation for beams with wakefields and large space charge tune shift. The present work compares this model with simulations. In particular, the claim that certain types of transverse wakes cannot lead to mode coupling instabilities, which contradicts earlier work**, is explored
* V. Balbekov, PRSTAB, 14, 094401 (2011).
** M. Blaskiewicz, PRSTAB 1, 044201 (1998).

THXA02

Operation and Patient Treatments at CNAO Facility

proton, ion, extraction, acceleration

3180

E. Bressi
CNAO Foundation, Milan, Italy

The CNAO (National Centre for Oncological Hadrontherapy) has been realized in Pavia. It is a clinical facility created and financed by the Italian Ministry of Health and conceived to supply hadrontherapy treatments to patients recruited all over the Country. A qualified network of clinical and research Institutes, the CNAO Collaboration, has been created to build and to run the centre. Three treatment rooms (three horizontal and one vertical) are installed. Beams of protons with kinetic energies up to 250 MeV and beams of carbon ions with maximum kinetic energy of 400 MeV/u are transported and delivered by active scanning systems. CNAO commissioning concerning the high technology started in 2009. First patient was treated with Proton beam in September 2011, the 22nd. This presentation presents the features of the system, together with the results of the first treatments.

Slides THXA02 [14.843 MB]

THEPPB006

Improving the Synchrotron Performance of the Heidelberg Ionbeam Therapy Center

ion, controls, extraction, dipole

3243

Th. Haberer
HIT, Heidelberg, Germany

The HIT linac-synchrotron-system routinely delivers pencil beams to the dose delivering rasterscanning devices at 3 treatment rooms, including the worldwide first scanning ion gantry, and 1 experimental cave. At HIT the quality-assured library of pencil beam parameters covers roughly 100.000 combinations of the ion, energy, intensity and beam size. Each patient-specific treatment plan defines a subset of these pencil beams being subsequently requested during the dose delivery. Aiming at shortened irradiation times an upgrade program making heavy use of feed-back mechanisms is under way. Driven by patient-specific data out of the scanning beam dose delivery process central synchrotron components are coupled to the therapy control system in order to tailor the beam characteristics in real-time to the clinical requirements. The paper will discuss the functional upgrades and report about the impact on the medical application at HIT.

THPPC002

Design and Construction of Turnkey Linacs as Injectors for Light Sources

beam-loading, electron, simulation, linac

3272

A.S. Setty, D. Jousse
THALES, Colombes, France

Turnkey linacs were manufactured by Thales Communications & Security in order to inject electrons into boosters of SOLEIL*, ALBA and BESSY II synchrotrons. This paper will describe the beam dynamics tools and methods for the design and construction of those linacs. Cavities tuning and prebunching characterization methods will be given. Beam loading compensation and simulations will be explained. Specified and measured beam parameters will be compared.
* A. Setty et al, "Commissioning of the 100 MeV preinjector HELIOS for the SOLEIL synchrotron", EPAC 06, Scotland, Edinburgh, June 2006.

THPPC006

Status of the J-PARC Ring RF Systems

cavity, impedance, proton, beam-loading

3281

M. Yoshii, E. Ezura, K. Hara, K. Hasegawa, C. Ohmori, A. Takagi, K. Takata, M. Toda
KEK, Tokai, Ibaraki, Japan
M. Nomura, A. Schnase, T. Shimada, F. Tamura, M. Yamamoto
JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan

Due to the 11th march earthquakes, J-PARC was forced to stop operation. The restoration is following the schedule so that J-PARC is restarted in December. Before the earthquake, we had considerable success in the 400 kW equivalent proton beam in the RCS. Multi-harmonic RF feedforward was established, which contributes to the reduction of beam loss and stable acceleration in RCS. The MR synchrotron achieved stable 150 kW beam operation for the T2K experiment. This summer, we installed two new RF systems in MR. Eight RF systems in total allow a more stable beam acceleration and flexible bunch shape manipulation. Also, we prepare the RF feedforward to compensate beam loading in MR. To achieve a beam power in excess of 1 MW in MR, it is considered to double the MR repetition rate. We developed an annealing scheme for large magnetic alloy cores while inside a DC B-field that results in higher core impedance, and have succeeded in producing large FT3L cores in this summer. With such cores we can almost double the accelerating voltage without re-designing the existing RF sources. For the near future, we plan to replace the existing RF cavities with upgraded cavities using the FT3L cores.

THPPC023

RF Loads for Energy Recovery

cavity, vacuum, coupling, proton

3326

S. Federmann, M. Betz, F. Caspers
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Different conceptional designs for RF high power loads are presented. One concept implies the use of solid state rectifier modules for direct RF to DC conversion with efficiencies beyond 80%. In addition, robust metallic low-Q resonant structures, capable of operating at high temperatures (>150 ̊C) are discussed. Another design deals with a very high temperature (up to 800 ̊C) air cooled load using a ceramic foam block inside a metal enclosure. This porous ceramic block is the actual microwave absorber and is not brazed to the metallic enclosure.

THPPC025

Improvements to ISIS RF Cavity Tuning

cavity, acceleration, controls, proton

3332

R.J. Mathieson, D. Bayley, N.E. Farthing, I.S.K. Gardner, A. Seville
STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom

The ISIS facility at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in the UK routinely accelerates proton beam currents in excess of 230 uA to run two neutron spallation target stations. The accelerator consists of a 70 MeV H⁻ linac and an 800 MeV, 50 Hz, proton synchrotron. The synchrotron beam is accelerated using six fundamental (h=2), and four second harmonic (h=4) ferrite loaded RF cavities each having its own drive amplifier and bias system. Each RF cavity is driven as a high Q tuned RF circuit; the resonant frequency being controlled by biasing the ferrite using a current from the bias regulator system. The cavity is kept at the correct resonant frequency by an analogue feedback loop comparing the phase of the cavity voltage to the phase of the demand voltage at the amplifier, and a 50Hz digital correction function calculated from the estimated frequency response of the system. This paper describes work improving the performance of the tuning system by introducing better system identification of the tuning loop and a time varying transfer function.

THPPC045

Rapidly Tunable RF Cavity for Accelerators

cavity, acceleration, vacuum, simulation

3386

D.J. Newsham, N. Barov
Far-Tech, Inc., San Diego, California, USA

Funding: Work supported by the DOE-SBIR program, High Energy Physics Department.
The performance and range efficient use of rapidly cycling accelerators would be improved with the fast frequency tuning and associated variable phase change provided by a tunable rf cavity. The progress in developing a cavity that can be tuned by as much as 10 percent in frequency in less than 100 nanoseconds is presented.

THPPC052

Commissioning and One Year Operation of the 50 kW Solid State Amplifiers of the LNLS Storage Ring RF System

storage-ring, klystron, controls, booster

3404

R.H.A. Farias, J.F.F. Ferrari, C. Pardine, F. Santiago de Oliveira
LNLS, Campinas, Brazil

In December 2010 a pair of high power solid state amplifiers was installed in the RF system of the LNLS electron storage ring. The new amplifiers replaced the UHF klystron system that had been in operation since the machine started operating in 1996. LNLS has been working on solid state amplifiers for more than 10 years since it started a close collaboration with LURE back in 1999 to build an amplifier to drive the booster RF system. From this ongoing collaboration with SOLEIL resulted the design and construction of these two new high power amplifiers, capable of delivering up to 50 kW each at the operating frequency of 476 MHz. Before installation the amplifiers were commissioned in the RF laboratory. We present an overview of the results of those tests as well as a performance evaluation after one year operation of the amplifiers in the storage ring.

THPPC063

Commission of RF Power Sources and its Auxiliary Components for TPS in NSRRC

klystron, feedback, controls, cavity

3437

T.-C. Yu, L.-H. Chang, M.H. Chang, L.J. Chen, F.-T. Chung, M.-C. Lin, Y.-H. Lin, C.H. Lo, M.H. Tsai, Ch. Wang, T.-T. Yang, M.-S. Yeh
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan

Since 2010, before the starting the construction of TPS building in NSRRC, the intensive testing activities for RF facility has begun in RF lab. The RF facility includes 300kW transmitters, 350kW ferrite loads and 350kW circulators with the corresponding LLRF prototype system. Some unexpected situation happened, such as HV weak transformers and loosen greased ferrite tiles during the commission of the 300kW transmitter. Those situation are all encountered during long-term reliability test. For a high availability of beam light in TPS, the highly reliable sub-systems are the basic requirement and hence, long-term reliability is so essential during commission period. Then, the high power circulators for safe RF operation are also tested for various phases change at cavity port. The temperature compensation unit plays key role in proper operation of circulator. Some noticeable test procedure and results would also be introduced as the present RF system progress of TPS plan in NSRRC.

THPPC076

Comparison of LLRF Control Approaches for High Intensity Hadron Synchrotrons: Design and Performance

controls, cavity, feedback, beam-loading

3464

K. Gross, J. Adamy
TU Darmstadt, RTR, Darmstadt, Germany

Funding: Federal Ministry of Education and Research
A usual and effective way to realize closed-loop controllers is to use cascaded SISO feedback and to rely on some kind of linear PID structure with parameters adjusted manually in simulations or experiments. Such a control may not reach optimal performance if the system is coupled or non-linear. Regarding intense beams, longitudinal beam loading can be compensated by detuning. But the coupling between phase and amplitude (or I and Q component) highly depends on the tuning, that is on the resonant frequency of the cavity. It is derived that cavity and beam dynamics thus show bi-linear nature, i.e. belong to a well investigated class of non-linear systems with appropriate control strategies available*. Different controller designs are compared in terms of performance but also design transparency, the need of previous knowledge like the expected magnitude of beam loading and adaptability to different conditions, e.g. during acceleration or if applied to the full range of ion species as at GSI. The performance evaluation is based on macro-particle tracking simulations. In particular avail and limits of an optimal (quadratic cost) MIMO controller for bi-linear systems are shown**.
* H.K. Khalil: Nonlinear Systems, 3rd Edition, Prentice-Hall, 2002
** Z. Aganović, Z. Gajić: Linear Optimal Control of Bilinear Systems, Springer-Verlag, 1995.

THPPD002

The First Magnetic Field Control (B-Train) to Optimize the Duty Cycle of a Synchrotron in Clinical Operation

controls, feedback, extraction, pick-up

3503

E. Feldmeier, R. Cee, M. Galonska, Th. Haberer, A. Peters, S. Scheloske
HIT, Heidelberg, Germany

In December 2011 the Heidelberg Ion Therapy Center started to use the magnetic field feedback control for its clinical operation. Therewith the magnetic field deviation of the ramped magnets in the synchrotron depending on eddy currents and hysteresis are no longer in effect. Waiting times on the flattop and the "chimney" in the recovery phase of the synchrotron cycle are no longer necessary. The efficiency of the accelerator is increased by more than 20\% and the treatment time shortens accordingly. The core of the magnetic feedback system is a real time measuring system of the magnetic field with extremely high precision.

THPPD020

Test of a 1.8 Tesla, 400 Hz Dipole for a Muon Synchrotron

dipole, power-supply, simulation, acceleration

3542

D.J. Summers, L.M. Cremaldi, T.L. Hart, L.P. Perera, M. Reep
UMiss, University, Mississippi, USA
S.U. Hansen, M.L. Lopes
Fermilab, Batavia, USA
J. Reidy
Oxford High School, Mississippi, USA
H. Witte
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA

Funding: Supported by DE-FG05-91ER40622.
A 1.8 Tesla dipole magnet using 0.011" AK Steel TRAN-COR H-1 grain oriented silicon steel laminations has been constructed as a prototype for a muon synchrotron ramping at 400 Hz. Following the practice in large 3 phase transformers and our own OPERA-2D simulations, joints are mitered to take advantage of the magnetic properties of the steel which are most effective in the direction in which the steel was rolled. Measurements with a Hysteresigraph 5500 and Epstein Frame show a high magnetic permeability which minimizes stored energy in the yoke so the magnet can ramp quickly with modest voltage. A power supply with a fast IGBT switch and a polypropylene capacitor was constructed. Coils are wound with 12 gauge copper wire which will eventually be cooled with with water flowing in stainless steel tubes. The magnetic field was measured with an F. W. Bell 5180 peak sensing Hall Probe connected to a Tektronics TDS3054B oscilloscope.

THPPD059

Conductive EMI Reduction to Kicker Magnet Power Supply in NSRRC

kicker, insertion, power-supply, controls

3647

Y.-H. Liu, J.-C. Chang, C.S. Chen, H.H. Chen, J.-R. Chen
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan

The purpose of this paper is to estimate and reduce the conductive Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) from kicker magnet power supply in TLS. A LISN system was conducted to measure the EMI spectrum of kicker power supply. The EMI noise exceeded FCC standards in some frequency range especially during kicker firing. Reducing EMI level by using different EMI filters were applied. Double pi filter was more efficient than single pi filter. After using filter, the conducted EMI could diminish lower than FCC class B. The experimental results will provide useful information to future TPS pulsed magnet design.

THPPD063

Zero Voltage Switching of Two-switch Flyback-Forward Converter

synchrotron-radiation, radiation, power-supply, photon

3656

J.C. Huang, K.-B. Liu, Y.S. Wong
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan

The traditional pulse-width-modulated flyback converter power switch has serious electromagnetic interference (EMI) and lower conversion efficiencies problems due to the hard-switching operations. This paper produces a zero voltage switching of flyback-forward converter with an active-clamp circuit, the traditional pulse-width-modulated flyback converter with a active clamp circuit to achieve zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) at both main and auxiliary switches, the active-clamp circuit can reduce most of switching loss and voltage spikes across the switches and improve the overall efficiency of the converter. The theoretical analysis of soft switching flyback-forward converter with an active-clamp circuit is verified exactly by a prototype of 50W with 100V input voltage, 5V output voltage and 30kHz operated frequency.

THPPD066

High Precision Programmable of TPS Quadrupole Magnet Power Supply

controls, power-supply, quadrupole, feedback

3662

Y.S. Wong, J.C. Huang, K.-B. Liu, W.S. Wen
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan

In 1993, the first of Taiwan light source was held on October 16. First beam stored in the storage ring and facility at synchrotron radiation research centre (SRRC) was opened to users and the full energy injection to 1.5Gev after seven years. In 2007, the president of Executive Yuan Taiwan had been announcement to set up a third-generation synchrotron radiation. Taiwan Photon Source (TPS) project total budget of NT6, 885 million from 2007~ 2013. TPS project will improve technical capability to build to3.3Gev electron energy. Totally had been installed 1032sets of magnet power supplies for the storage ring and 152 sets for the injector. In the future, Taiwan photon source set up complete and operation, it will offer one of the world's brightest synchrotron x-ray sources.

THPPD071

A Compact Switching Power Supply utilizing SiC-JFET for the Digital Accelerator

power-supply, induction, simulation, acceleration

3677

K. Okamura, T. Iwashita, K. Takayama, M. Wake
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
K. Takaki, M. Toshiya
Iwate university, Morioka, Iwate, Japan

New induction synchrotron system using an induction cell has been developed and constructed at KEK*. We refer to the accelerator using the induction acceleration system combined with digitally controlled PWM power supply as Digital Accelerator**. In that system, the switching power supply is one of the key devices which realize digital acceleration. The requirements of the switching power supply are high voltage (2 kV) and high repetition frequency (1 MHz). In the present system, we used series connected MOSFETs as the switching device. However, series connection gives large complexity and less reliability. Among the various switching devices, a SiC-JFET is the promising candidates because it has ultrafast switching speed and voltage blocking capability. Therefore, we have developed a new device to substitute existing silicon MOSFET and succeeded to operate with 1 MHz – 1 kV – 27 A condition***. Then we designed and constructed a ultra compact full bridge switching power supply utilizing those devices as a next step. Design and test results will be presented in the conference.
* T. Iwashita et al., KEK Digital Accelerator, Phys. Rev. ST-AB 14, 071302 (2011)
** K. Takayama et al., in Proc. of IPAC’11, pp 1920-1922
*** K. Okamura et al., in Proc. of IPAC’11, pp 3400-3402

THPPD075

Design and Measurements of a Fast High-voltage Pulse Generator for the MedAustron Low Energy Transfer Line Fast Deflector

high-voltage, injection, power-supply, simulation

3689

T. Fowler, M.J. Barnes, T. Kramer, F. Müller, T. Stadlbauer
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

MedAustron, a centre for ion-therapy and research, will comprise an accelerator facility based on a synchrotron for the delivery of protons and light ions for cancer treatment. The Low Energy Beam Transfer line (LEBT) to the synchrotron contains an electrostatic fast deflector (EFE) which, when energized, deviates the continuous beam arriving from the ion source onto a Faraday Cup: the specified voltage is ±3.5 kV. De-energizing the EFE for variable pulse durations from 500 ns up to d.c. allows beam passage for multi-turn injection into the synchrotron. To maintain beam quality in the synchrotron, the EFE pulse generator requires rise and fall times of less than 300 ns between 90 % of peak voltage and a ±1 V level. To achieve this, a pulsed power supply (PKF), with high voltage MOSFET switches connected in a push-pull configuration, will be mounted in close proximity to the deflector itself. A fast, large dynamic range monitoring circuit will verify switching to the ±1 V level and subsequent flat bottom pulse quality. A prototype will be installed in the injector test stand in 2012; this paper presents the design and first measurements of the PKF and its monitoring circuit.

THPPP014

Design Parameters of a High-Power Proton Synchrotron for Neutrino Beams at Cern

proton, linac, space-charge, injection

3755

Y. Papaphilippou, M. Benedikt, I. Efthymiopoulos, F. Gerigk, R. Steerenberg
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Design studies have been initiated at CERN for exploring the prospects of future high-power proton beams for producing neutrinos within the LAGUNA-LBNO project. These studies include a possible increase of the SPS beam power from 500kW to 700kW for a new conventional neutrino beam line based on the CNGS technology, and at a second stage a 2~MW High-Power Proton Synchrotron (HP-PS) using the Low Power Superconducting Proton Linac (LP-SPL) as injector. A low energy 5GeV-4MW neutrino super-beam alternative based on a high-power version of SPL is also considered. This paper concentrates on the HP-PS by exploring the parameter space and constraints regarding beam characteristics, machine hardware and layout, for reaching the 2~MW average beam power.

THPPP015

A Clamped Be Window for the Dump of the HiRadMat Experiment at CERN

vacuum, simulation, beam-loading, cavity

3758

M. Delonca, T. Antonakakis, D. Grenier, C. Maglioni, A. Sarrió Martínez
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

At CERN, the High Radiation to Materials facility (HiRadMat) is designed to test accelerator components under the impact of high-intensity pulsed beams and will start operation in 2012. In this frame a LHC TED -type dump was installed at the end of the line, working in nitrogen over-pressure, and a 258μm-thick beryllium window was placed as barrier between the inside of the dump and the external atmosphere. Because of the special loading conditions, a clamped window design was especially developed, optimized and implemented, the more standard welded window not being suitable for such loads. Considering then the clamping force and the applied differential pressures, the stresses on the window components were carefully evaluated thanks to empirical as well as numerical models, to guarantee the structural integrity of the beryllium foil. This paper reports on choices and optimizations that led to the final design, presenting also comparative results from different solutions and the detailed results for the adopted one.

THPPP016

Upgrade Strategies for the Proton Synchrotron Booster Dump at CERN

proton, booster, extraction, cavity

3761

A. Sarrió Martínez, F. Loprete, C. Maglioni
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

CERN’s LHC Injection chain Upgrade (LIU) involves a revision of the Proton Synchrotron Booster dump, which was designed in the 1960’s to cope with beam energies reaching 800 MeV and intensities of 10⁺¹³ particles per pulse. Thermo-mechanical studies highlighted the need for an upgrade of the dump, so that it is capable of withstanding energies in the order of 2 GeV and intensities up to 10⁺¹⁴ particles per pulse. This paper proposes a new design of the dump in the light of various constraints and choices such as the geometry, materials and the integration of the required cooling system. Further topics discussed include the strategy for dismantling the old device, which has been continuously irradiated for almost 40 years and presents a difficult access. Therefore, a detailed ALARA procedure is being prepared in order to carry out the upgrade works in the area.

THPPP020

Project X with Superconducting Rapid Cycling Synchrotron

extraction, proton, beam-losses, FEL

3773

H. Piekarz
Fermilab, Batavia, USA

A synchrotron-based upgrade of Fermilab accelerator complex for high intensity physics with Project X is described. It consists of: 1 GeV pulse linac, 1-8 GeV superconducting rapid cycling synchrotron (SRCS), dual 8 GeV storage ring (SR1,2), and 60 GeV Main Injector(MI). Pulse linac and SRCS operate at 10 Hz while SR1, SR2, and MI operate at 1.33 Hz. SR1 stores 3 and SR2 4 SRCS pulses making physics cycle 0.7 s. SR1 batch is extracted in 0.5 s at 3 locations of its ring providing beams to kaon and 2 muon experiments. SR2 batch is transferred to MI, accelerated to 60 GeV, and extracted to 3 neutrino production targets for Minos, Nova, and LBNE experiments. Main synchrotron parameters are listed and magnet systems described. Projected beam power is compared to expectations with linac-only based upgrade as well as with current and planned similar accelerator facilities elsewhere.

THPPP022

Coalescing at 8 GeV in the Fermilab Main Injector

simulation, LLRF, emittance, space-charge

3779

D.J. Scott, D. Capista, I. Kourbanis, K. Seiya, M.-J. Yang
Fermilab, Batavia, USA

For Project X, it is planned to inject a beam of 3 10¹¹ particles per bunch into the Main Injector. To prepare for this by studying the effects of higher intensity bunches in the Main Injector it is necessary to perform coalescing at 8 GeV. The results of a series of experiments and simulations of 8 GeV coalescing are presented. To increase the coalescing efficiency adiabatic reduction of the 53 MHz RF is required, resulting in ~70% coalescing efficiency of 5 initial bunches. Data using wall current monitors has been taken to compare previous work and new simulations for 53 MHz RF reduction, bunch rotations and coalescing, good agreement between experiment and simulation was found. Possible schemes to increase the coalescing efficiency and generate even higher intensity bunches are discussed. These require improving the timing resolution of the low level RF and/or tuning the adiabatic voltage reduction of the 53 MHz.

THPPP088

Beam Loss Studies of the ISIS Synchrotron Using ORBIT

simulation, acceleration, injection, emittance

3942

D.J. Adams
STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
I.S.K. Gardner, B. Jones, B.G. Pine, A. Seville, H. V. Smith, C.M. Warsop, R.E. Williamson
STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom

The ISIS synchrotron forms part of the accelerator chain for the Spallation Neutron Source at RAL, UK. The synchrotron is an 800 MeV, 50Hz , RCS accelerating ~2.8·10¹³ protons per cycle. Beam loss is localized in two super periods of the ring using a system of collimators. The injection and acceleration processes, vacuum vessels and collimation systems have been modeled using the particle tracking code ORBIT. This paper presents simulation results in comparison to measurements of longitudinal profiles and beam loss.

THPPR001

Setting Generation for FAIR

controls, storage-ring, proton, optics

3963

D. Ondreka, J. Fitzek, H. Liebermann, R. Müller
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany

The experimental program envisaged for the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) requires complex operation schemes of its accelerators and beamlines including parallel operation of several experiments. Thus, there is a strong need to develop an appropriate setting generation system, which shall supply consistent settings for all devices across the facility to support the planned parallel operation modes. This system should also provide standard tools for modifying and accessing the settings. These requirements will be met by using LSA, a generic accelerator modeling framework developed at CERN, as basis for the setting generation system. We will report on the status of the setting generation system for FAIR, covering both the implementation of the physics model as well as the extensions to the LSA framework realized within a collaboration with CERN. Results of the first test runs with the existing GSI synchrotron SIS18 will be presented.

THPPR010

Integrate EPICS System with the TLS Control System

EPICS, controls, feedback, status

3984

Y.-S. Cheng, Y.-T. Chang, J. Chen, P.C. Chiu, K.T. Hsu, K.H. Hu, C.H. Kuo, C.Y. Liao, C.Y. Wu
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan

The TLS (Taiwan Light Source) is a third generation of synchrotron light source, and it has been operated since 1993. The TLS control system was developed and implemented by ourselves. The control system of our new project (TPS, Taiwan Photon Source) is developed and based upon the EPICS framework. To earn more experiences on the EPICS usage, some of the TLS newly installed subsystem run EPICS directly. For example, BPM system, bunch-by-bunch feedback system, remote oscilloscope waveform access and so on adapt the EPICS interface to control and monitor. The EDM and Matlab (with LabCA) toolkits are used as EPICS graphical user interface, and it is also operated at the TLS control consoles environment normally. The archive system transaction between the TLS control system format and EPICS PVs (Process Variables) has been implemented for user access with the existing archive viewer. The efforts will be described at this report.

THPPR015

CESR Control System Upgrade to Linux High Availability Cluster

controls, monitoring, background, status

3999

M.J. Forster, S.E. Ball, L.Y. Bartnik, D.A. Bougie, R.G. Helmke, M.A. Palmer, S.B. Peck, D.S. Riley, R.J. Sholtys, C.R. Strohman
CLASSE, Ithaca, New York, USA

Funding: Supported by U.S. National Science Foundation, Award PHY-0734867 and Award PHY-1002467, as well as, U.S. Department of Energy, Award DE-FC02-08ER41538.
The Cornell Electron Storage Ring (CESR) accelerator complex is used to support the Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS) x-ray user facility and the CESR Test Accelerator (CESRTA) ILC development program. Several hundred electro-magnetic elements as well as several thousand sensors are controlled and monitored in real-time via a Multi-Port Memory device (MPM). MPM access and control programs have used Hewlett Packard (originally DEC) Alpha and VAX computers running OpenVMS since 1988. Due to the demanding throughput, computational and storage requirements of the CESRTA experimental program, as well as a desire to upgrade to more supportable hardware, we have implemented a new Linux control cluster based on an Infortrend 10 GbE Internet Small Computer System Interface (iSCSI) storage device and the Red Hat Cluster Suite. This paper will describe the hardware and software changes required to upgrade our VMS cluster to a high availability, high performance, Linux control cluster.

THPPR022

Radiation Dose Simulation and Measurement plan for SSRF Beam Lines by Using ATOM Phantoms

photon, neutron, radiation, simulation

4008

Y. Sheng, L.X. Liu, X. Xia, J.Q. Xu
SINAP, Shanghai, People's Republic of China

Radiation dose assessment in advanced synchrotron radiation facility is challenging due to the complexity and uncertainties of radiation source terms induced by high energy particle accelerator. Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, SSRF, is the first third-generation synchrotron facility in China, which was completed in 2009. Radiation dose assessment for workers at SSRF Beam lines is highly concerned. This study presents the dose simulation with Monte Carlo method. The dose simulation was performed with a hybrid phantom coupled into MCNPX code. The hybrid phantom was constructed by combining the ATOM phantom and the Voxel-based Chinese Reference female Phantom, VCRP-woman, originally developed by using the high resolution color photographs. The organs absorbed dose calculated for photon and neutron were compared. An Experiment of measuring the organs dose by using the ATOM phantom will be performed in the near future.

THPPR023

Radiation Shielding Design for Dream-Line Beamline at SSRF

shielding, radiation, synchrotron-radiation, target

4011

J.Q. Xu, L.X. Liu, J.J. Lv, Y. Sheng, X. Xia
SINAP, Shanghai, People's Republic of China

The dream-line beamline at Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, SSRF, is an under construction soft X-ray beam line with a wide energy range and super high energy resolution. It is required to allow online operation beside optical components in the experiment hutch at this beamline when synchrotron light is running. This requires more careful radiation shielding design for the beamline. The radiation shielding designs for the beamline are considered to shield gas bremsstrahlung and synchrotron. Ray tracing was carried out according to the beamline structure and optical components layout. The residual gas bremsstrahlung with optical components and the induced dose rate distribution were simulated with the Fluka code. The synchrotron radiation scattering at optical components was calculated with the STAC08 code. With the simulated results, the specifications of shielding collimators, safety shutters, and hutch wall are given for the beamline. The normalized dose rate results by gas bremsstrahlung are consisted with the measurements or calculations results in other facilities in the world very well.
* Corresponding author: xiaxiaobin@sinap.ac.cn

THPPR026

Automated Phase Optimization for the HDSM at MAMI

linac, injection, microtron, acceleration

4020

M. Dehn
IKP, Mainz, Germany

Funding: This work has been supported by CRC 443 of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.
The Harmonic Double Sided Microtron (HDSM) at Mainz University is a very reliable stage of the 1.6 GeV CW microtron cascade MAMI. Nevertheless setting up and operating the machine depends largely upon an appropriate adjustment of the RF systems. To assist the MAMI operators, a new approach basing on the analysis of the synchrotron oscillation has been developed and enables the optimization of the RF phases of the linacs for the given RF amplitudes.

THPPR028

Telephone Alarm Broadcasting for TPS RF System

monitoring, SRF, status, storage-ring

4026

Y.-H. Lin, L.-H. Chang, M.H. Chang, L.J. Chen, F.-T. Chung, M.-C. Lin, Ch. Wang, M.-S. Yeh, T.-C. Yu
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan

The Taiwan Photon Source (TPS) consists of three 500-MHz RF systems: two sets RF systems with KEKB-type single-cell SRF modules are used for the 3-GeV storage ring, and one with five-cell Petra cavities at room temperature is used for booster synchrotron. To monitor the status of the RF systems and to broadcast the error/alarm messages to the RF guys, we develop a telephone alarm broadcasting system. This introduces the hardware and software structure of the alarm broadcasting system.

THPPR029

A New Control Room for SLAC Accelerators

controls, linac, electron, target

4029

R.A. Erickson, E. Guerra, M. Stanek, Z. Van Hoover, J. Warren
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA

Funding: This work was supported by the Department of Energy contract DE-AC02-76SF00515.
We propose to construct a new control room at SLAC to unify and improve the operation of the LCLS, SPEAR3, and FACET accelerator facilities, and to provide the space and flexibility needed to support the LCLS-II and proposed new test beam facilities. The existing control rooms for the linac and SPEAR3 have been upgraded in various ways over the last decade, but their basic features have remained unchanged. We propose to build a larger modern Accelerator Control Room (ACR) in the new Research Support Building (RSB), which is currently under construction at SLAC. Shifting the center of control for the accelerator facilities entails both technical and administrative challenges. In this paper, we describe the motivation and design concept for the ACR and the remaining challenges to completing this project.

THPPR046

Status of the MedAustron Ion Beam Therapy Centre

controls, ion, ion-source, diagnostics

4077

U. Dorda
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
M. Benedikt, A. Fabich, F. Osmic
EBG MedAustron, Wr. Neustadt, Austria

MedAustron is a synchrotron based light-ion beam therapy centre for cancer treatment as well as for clinical and non-clinical research currently in its construction phase. The accelerator design is based on the CERN-PIMMS study and its technical implementation by CNAO. This paper presents a status overview over the whole project detailing the achieved progress of the building construction & technical infrastructure installation in Wiener Neustadt, Austria, as well as of the accelerator development, performed at CERN and partially at PSI. The design and procurement status and future planning of the various accelerator components is elaborated.

THPPR052

The MedAustron Proton Gantry

optics, dipole, quadrupole, proton

4091

A. Koschik
PSI, Villigen, Switzerland
U. Dorda, A. Koschik
EBG MedAustron, Wr. Neustadt, Austria
D. Meer, E.S. Pedroni
Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland

The MedAustron project realizes a synchrotron based accelerator facility in Austria for cancer treatment with protons and carbon ions, currently in the construction phase. In order to allow full patient treatment flexibility, one of the four treatment rooms will be equipped with a proton gantry. While its hardware design is a copy of the PSI Gantry 2, different constraints on the beam optics must be accounted for as MedAustron uses a synchrotron as particle accelerator and a rotator to match the beam into the rotated frame, as compared to the cyclotron of the PSI PROSCAN facility. This paper presents the current status of the hardware design and procurement and a review of the design characteristics of the PSI Gantry 2 for the MedAustron case. In particular the stability of the beam parameters during beam scanning over the treatment scan area is investigated in detail. To achieve utmost parallel active scanning performance, the magnet design parameters (edge angles, corrector quadrupole, tapered dipole) have been optimized for PSI Gantry 2. Equivalent studies are undertaken for the MedAustron requirements and constraints in this paper.