NAPAC2016 - List of Keywords (vacuum)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOB3IO01	Commissioning of the Phase-I SuperKEKB B-Factory and Update on the Overall Status	ion, electron, emittance, coupling	32
	Y. Ohnishi, T. Abe, T. Adachi, K. Akai, Y. Arimoto, K. Egawa, Y. Enomoto, J.W. Flanagan, H. Fukuma, Y. Funakoshi, K. Furukawa, N. Iida, H. Iinuma, H. Ikeda, T. Ishibashi, M. Iwasaki, T. Kageyama, H. Kaji, T. Kamitani, T. Kawamoto, S. Kazama, M. Kikuchi, T. Kobayashi, K. Kodama, H. Koiso, M. Masuzawa, T. Mimashi, T. Miura, F. Miyahara, T. Mori, A. Morita, S. Nakamura, T.T. Nakamura, H. Nakayama, T. Natsui, M. Nishiwaki, K. Ohmi, T. Oki, S. Sasaki, M. Satoh, Y. Seimiya, K. Shibata, M. Suetake, Y. Suetsugu, H. Sugimoto, M. Tanaka, M. Tawada, S. Terui, M. Tobiyama, S. Uehara, S. Uno, X. Wang, K. Watanabe, Y. Yano, S.I. Yoshimoto, R. Zhang, D. Zhou, X. Zhou, Z.G. Zong KEK, Ibaraki, Japan M.E. Biagini, M. Boscolo, S. Guiducci INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy D. El Khechen LAL, Orsay, France
	The SuperKEKB B-Factory at KEK (Japan), after few years of shutdown for the construction and renovation, has finally come to the Phase-1 commissioning of the LER and HER rings, without the final focus system and the Belle II detector. Vacuum scrubbing, optics tuning and beam related background measurements were performed in this phase. Low emittance tuning techniques have also been applied in order to set up the rings for Phase-2 with colliding beams next year. An update of the final focus system construction, as well as the status of the injection system with the new positron damping ring and high current/low emittance electron gun is also presented.
	Slides MOB3IO01 [10.375 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-MOB3IO01
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MOPOB05	Tokamak Accelerator	ion, plasma, ECR, experiment	76
	G. Li ASIPP, Hefei, People's Republic of China
	Tokamak accelerator within plasma is analyzed to be implemented in existing machines for speeding the development of fusion energy with seeding fast particles from high current accelerators - the so-called two-component reactor approach [J. M. Dawson, H. P. Furth, and F. H. Tenney, Phys. Rev. Lett. 26, 1156 (1971)]. All plasma particles are heated at the same time by inductively-coupled power transfer (IPT) within an energy confinement time. This could facilitate the attainment of ignition in tokamak by forming high-gain high-field (HGHF) fusion plasma suggested in [Li. G., Sci. Rep.5, 15790 (2015)]. HGHF mechanism is validated by the flux-conserving process existed in discharges of tokamak plasma at normal operation with long pulses or at compression process within an energy confinement time. Differences between HGHF plasma and former unity-beta plasma are discussed. Tokamak as an accelerator could scale down the design capacity of fusion power plant by simply inserting in-vacuum vertical field coils (IVC) within its vacuum vessel, such as China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor (CFETR).
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MOPOB07	Off-Orbit Ray Tracing Analysis for the APS-Upgrade Storage Ring Vacuum System	ion, photon, storage-ring, site	82
	J.A. Carter, K.C. Harkay, B.K. Stillwell ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA
	Funding: Argonne National Laboratory's work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. A MatLab program has been created to investigate off-orbit ray tracing possibilities for the APS-Upgrade stor-age ring vacuum system design. The goals for the pro-gram include calculating worst case thermal loading conditions and finding minimum shielding heights for photon absorbers. The program computes the deviation possibilities of synchrotron radiation rays emitted along bending magnet paths using discretized local phase space ellipses. The sizes of the ellipses are computed based on multi-bend achromat (MBA) lattice parameters and the limiting aperture size within the future storage ring vacuum system. For absorber height calculations, rays are projected from each point in the discretized ellipse to the locations of downstream absorbers. The absorber heights are mini-mized while protecting downstream components from all possible rays. For heat loads, rays are projected until they hit a vacuum chamber wall. The area and linear power densities are calculated based on a ray's distance trav-elled and striking incidence angle. A set of worse case local heat loads is collected revealing a maximum condi-tion that each vacuum component must be designed to withstand.
	Poster MOPOB07 [12.749 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-MOPOB07
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MOPOB10	Design of the HGVPU Undulator Vacuum Chamber for LCLS-II	ion, alignment, undulator, operation	89
	J.E. Lerch, J.A. Carter, P.K. Den Hartog, G.E. Wiemerslage ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA
	A vacuum chamber has been designed and prototyped for the new Horizontal Gap Vertically Polarization Undulator (HGVPU) as part of the LCLS-II upgrade project. Numerous functional requirements for the HGVPU assembly constrained the vacuum chamber design. These constraints included spatial restrictions to achieve small magnet gaps, narrow temperature and alignment specifications, and minimization of wall erosion and pressure drop within the cooling channels. This led to the design of a 3.5-meter length, thin walled, extruded aluminium chamber with interior water cooling. FEA stress analysis was performed to ensure the chamber will not fail under vacuum and water pressure. A cooling scheme was optimized to ensure water flow is sufficient to maintain temperature without the risk of erosion and to minimize pres-sure drop across the chamber.
	Poster MOPOB10 [60.628 MB]
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MOPOB11	Research and Development on the Storage Ring Vacuum System for the APS Upgrade Project	ion, photon, storage-ring, impedance	92
	B.K. Stillwell, B. Brajuskovic, J.A. Carter, H. Cease, R.M. Lill, G. Navrotski, J. R. Noonan, K.J. Suthar, D.R. Walters, G.E. Wiemerslage, J. Zientek ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA M.P. Sangroula IIT, Chicago, Illinois, USA
	Funding: UChicago Argonne, LLC, operator of Argonne National Laboratory, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. A number of research and development activities are underway at Argonne National Laboratory to build confidence in the designs for the storage ring vacuum system required for the Advanced Photon Source Upgrade project (APS-U) [1]. The predominant technical risks are: excessive residual gas pressures during operation, insufficient beam position monitor stability, excessive beam impedance, excessive heating by induced electrical surface currents, and insufficient operational reliability. Present efforts to mitigate these risks include: building and evaluating mock-up assemblies, performing mechanical testing of chamber weld joints, developing computational tools, investigating design alternatives, and performing electrical bench measurements. Status of these activities and some of what has been learned to date will be shared. *B. Stillwell et al., Conceptual Design of a Storage Ring Vacuum System Compatible with Implementation of a Seven Bend Achromat Lattice at the APS, in Proc. IPAC'14, Dresden, Germany, 2409-2411.
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MOPOB24	Design of Main Coupler for 650 MHz SC Cavities of PIP-II Project	ion, cavity, cryomodule, proton	121
	O.V. Pronitchev, S. Kazakov Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	Proton Improvement Plan-II at Fermilab has designed an 800MeV superconducting pulsed linac which is also capable of running in CW mode. The high energy section from 185MeV to 800MeV will be using cryomodules with two types of 650MHz elliptical cavities. Both types of cryomodules will include six 5-cell elliptical cavities. Each cavity will have one coupler. Updated design of the 650 MHz main coupler is reported.
	Poster MOPOB24 [1.016 MB]
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MOPOB25	The Use of KF Style Flanges in Low Particlulate Applications	ion, diagnostics, hardware, cavity	124
	K.R. Kendziora, J.J. Angelo, C.M. Baffes, D. Franck, R.J. Kellett Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	Funding: Fermilab, Operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. De-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy As SCRF particle accelerator technology advances the need for 'low particulate' and 'particle free' vacuum systems becomes greater and greater. In the course of the operation of these systems, there comes a time when vari-ous instruments have to be temporarily attached for diag-nostic purposes: RGAs, leak detectors, and additional pumps. In an effort to make the additions of these instru-ments easier and more time effective, we propose to use KF style flanges for these types of temporary diagnostic connections. This document will describe the tests used to compare the particles generated using the assembly of the, widely accepted for 'particle free' use, conflat flange to the proposed KF style flange, and demonstrate that KF flanges produce less particles.
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MOPOB36	Design of the High Beta 650 MHz Cryomodule - PIP II	ion, cavity, cryomodule, cryogenics	149
	V. Roger, T.H. Nicol, Y.O. Orlov Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	Funding: US Department of Energy In this paper the design of the high beta 650 MHz cryomodule will be presented. This cryomodule is composed of six 5-cell 650 MHz elliptical cavities, designed for β=0.92. These cryomodules are the last elements of the Super Conducting (SC) linac architecture which is the main component of the Proton Improvement Plan-II (PIP-II) at Fermilab. This paper summarizes the design choices which have been done. Mechanical, thermal and cryogenic analyses have been performed to ensure the proper operation. First the concept of having a strong-back at room temperature has been validated. Then the heat loads have been estimated and all the components have been integrated inside the cryomodule by designing the supports, the beam line, the thermal shield and the cryogenic lines. All these elements and the calculations leading to the design of this cryomodule will be described in this paper.
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MOPOB81	Deposition of Non-Evaporative Getters R&D Activity for HEPS-TF	ion, cathode, site, distributed	238
	P. He, D.Z. Guo, B. Liu, Y. Ma, Y.C. Yang, L. Zhang IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	Non Evaporable Getter(NEG) coating technology was widely used around the world's ultra-low emittance storage rings. It will provide the distributed pumping which is the obvious solution to solve the conductance limitation of narrow vacuum chamber at small magnet aperture. The HEPS-TF is the R&D project of HEPS (High Energy Photon Source), it will cover all of the key technology for HEPS accelerator system and beamlines. In order to meet the small aperture vacuum chamber distributed pumping requirement, the NEG coating R&D for HEPS vacuum chamber is under the way. Getter films deposited on the inner surface of the chamber would transform the vacuum chamber from an outgassing source into a pump. The coating test bench will be shown here and coating procedure will be presented.
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TUA2CO04	Vacuum Breakdown at 110 GHz	ion, experiment, cavity, GUI	275
	S.C. Schaub MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA M.A. Shapiro, R.J. Temkin MIT/PSFC, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
	A 1.5 MW, 110 GHz gyrotron is used to produce a linearly polarized quasioptical beam in 3 μs pulses. The beam is concentrated in vacuum to produce strong electric fields on the surfaces of dielectric and metallic samples, which are being tested for breakdown threshold at high fields. Dielectrics are tested in the forms of both windows, with electric fields parallel to the surface, and sub-wavelength dielectric rod waveguides, with electric fields perpendicular to the surface. Currently, visible light emission, absorbed/scattered microwave power, and vacuum pressure diagnostics are used to detect discharges on dielectric surfaces. Future experiments will include dark current diagnostics for direct detection of electrons. Dielectrics to be tested include crystal quartz, fused quartz, sapphire, high resistivity float-zone silicon, and alumina. Metallic accelerator structures will also be tested in collaboration with SLAC. These tests will require shortening of the microwave pulse length to the nanosecond scale.
	Slides TUA2CO04 [1.826 MB]
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TUPOA49	A General Model of Vacuum Arcs in Linacs	ion, plasma, experiment, laser	387
	J. Norem Nano Synergy, Inc., Downers Grove, Illinois, USA Z. Insepov Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
	We are developing a general model of breakdown and gradient limits that applies to accelerators, along with other high field applications such as power grids and laser ablation. Our recent efforts have considered failure modes of integrated circuits, sheath properties of dense, non-Debye plasmas and applications of capillary wave theory to rf breakdown in linacs. In contrast to much of the rf breakdown effort that considers one physical mechanism or on e experimental geometry, we are finding that there is an enormous volume of relevant material in the literature that helps to constrain our model and suggest experimental tests.
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TUPOA59	Successful Laboratory-Industrial Partnerships: the Cornell-Friatec Segmented Insulator for High Voltage DC Photocathode Guns	ion, gun, electron, high-voltage	405
	K.W. Smolenski, B.M. Dunham Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA D.L. Barth, M. Muehlbauer, S. Wacker FRIATEC AG, Mannheim, Germany J.M. Maxson UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
	High voltage DC photocathode guns currently offer the most reliable path to electron beams with high current and brightness. The performance of a gun is directly dependent on its vacuum and high voltage capabilities, determined in large part by the ceramic insulators. The insulator must meet XHV standards, bear the load of pressurized SF6 on its exterior, support the massive electrode structures as well as holding off DC voltages up to 750kV. Construction of UHV and high voltage capable insulators require high purity ceramics and metal components proven to minimize thermal stress between the brazed ceramic rings and metal guard rings. The use of replaceable guard rings is a critical way of controlling manufacturing costs while extending the life cycle of the insulator. Successful fabrication requires proven manufacturing methods in flatness, parallelism, and maintaining alignment of many parts during the brazing process. Taking a scalable, modular approach, the insulator design can be applied to a variety of gun voltages and can be used by other projects. The Cornell-Friatec insulator was designed collaboratively and has now been produced in quantity for Cornell and elsewhere.
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TUB3IO01	Commissioning of the Max IV Light Source	ion, storage-ring, MMI, cavity	439
	P.F. Tavares, E. Al-Dmour, Å. Andersson, M. Eriksson, M.J. Grabski, M.A.G. Johansson, S.C. Leemann, L. Malmgren, M. Sjöström, S. Thorin MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
	The MAX IV facility, currently under commissioning in Lund, Sweden, features two electron storage rings operated at 3 GeV and 1.5 GeV and optimized for the hard X-ray and soft X-ray/VUV spectral ranges, respectively. A 3 GeV linear accelerator serves as a full-energy injector into both rings as well as a driver for a short-pulse facility, in which undulators produce X-ray pulses as short as 100 fs. In this paper, we briefly review the overall facility layout and design concepts and focus on recent results obtained in commissioning of the accelerators with an emphasis on the ultralow emittance 3 GeV ring, the first light source using a multibend achromat.
	Slides TUB3IO01 [6.269 MB]
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TUPOB39	Mechanical Design and Manufacturing of a Two Meter Precision Non-Linear Magnet System	ion, alignment, optics, simulation	578
	J.D. McNevin RadiaBeam Systems, Santa Monica, California, USA R.B. Agustsson, F.H. O'Shea RadiaBeam, Santa Monica, California, USA
	Funding: Department of Energy Office of Science DE-SC0009531 RadiaBeam Technologies is currently developing a non-linear magnet insert for Fermilab's Integrable Optics Test Accelerator (IOTA), a 150 MeV circulating electron beam storage ring designed for investigating advanced beam physics concepts. The physics requirements of the insert demand a high level of precision in magnet geometry, magnet axis alignment, and corresponding alignment of the vacuum chamber geometry within the magnet modules to maximize chamber aperture size. Here we report on the design and manufacturing of the vacuum chamber, magnet manufacturing, and kinematic systems.
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TUPOB51	A NUMERICAL STUDY OF THE MICROWAVE INSTABILITY AT APS	ion, storage-ring, simulation, experiment	602
	A. Blednykh, G. Bassi, V.V. Smaluk BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA R.R. Lindberg ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA
	Funding: This work was supported by Department of Energy contract DE-AC02-98CH10886. Two particle tracking codes, ELEGANT and SPACE, have been used to simulate the microwave instability in the APS storage ring. The total longitudinal wakepotential for the APS vacuum components, computed by GdfidL, has been used as the input file for the simulations. The numerical results have been compared with bunch length and the energy spread measurements for different single-bunch intensities.
	Poster TUPOB51 [1.032 MB]
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WEA1IO02	Computation of Electromagnetic Fields Generated by Relativistic Beams in Complicated Structures	ion, simulation, electromagnetic-fields, wakefield	642
	I. Zagorodnov DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	We discuss recent developments of numerical methods for computation of wakefields excited by short bunches in accelerators. They include a low-dispersive computational algorithm, conformal approximation of the boundaries, surface conductivity, and indirect wake potential integration. The implementation of these methods in the electromagnetic code ECHO for 2D and 3D problems are presented with a special emphasis on a new ECHO2D code for fast calculations of wakefields in rectangular geometries. Several examples of application of the code to calculation of wakefields for the European Free Electron Laser project and in the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) project are considered.
	Slides WEA1IO02 [4.461 MB]
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WEPOA05	EBIS Charge Breeder for RAON Facility	ion, electron, gun, ISOL	696
	S.A. Kondrashev, J.-W. Kim, Y.K. Kwon, Y.H. Park, H.J. Son IBS, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
	New large scale accelerator facility called RAON is under design in Institute for Basic Science (IBS, Daejeon, Korea). Both technics of rare isotope production Isotope Separation On-Line (ISOL) and In-Flight Fragmentation (IF) will be combined within one facility for the first time to provide wide variety of rare isotope ion beams for nuclear physics experiments and applied research. Electron Beam Ion Source (EBIS) charge breeder will be used to prepare rare isotope ion beams produced by ISOL method for efficient acceleration. Beams of different rare isotopes will be charge-bred by an EBIS charge breeder to a charge-to-mass ratio (q/A) ≥ 1/4 and accelerated by linac post-accelerator to energies of 18.5 MeV/u. RAON EBIS charge breeder will provide the next step in the development of breeder technology by implementation of electron beam with current up to 3 A and utilization of wide (8') warm bore of 6 T superconducting solenoid. The design of RAON EBIS charge breeder and results of dumping of high power DC and pulsed electron beam into collector will be presented and discussed.
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WEB4CO04	100 kW Very Compact Pulsed Solid-State RF Amplifier. Development and Tests	ion, controls, rf-amplifier, power-supply	873
	G.B. Sharkov, A.A. Krasnov, S.A. Polikhov NIITFA, Moscow, Russia R. Cisneros, R.J. Patrick TMD Technologies, Middlesex, United Kingdom
	A high power solid-state RF amplifier system has been developed and tested. The modular scalable architecture of the system allows to build megawatt-range compact, robust, cost effective RF amplifiers/generators with high plug efficiency. Using a special designed technology of RF power on-board combination for several LDMOS transistors and very compact high power RF combiners, the amplifier with output power of 100 kW and duty cycle of 5% has been fit into a single 19" cabinet. The system has been tested at the output power up to 104 kW with 3.5 ms pulses. The overview of the technologies, the design of the machine, and its main subsystems is given in this talk. The test results and the market perspectives are also presented.
	Slides WEB4CO04 [19.504 MB]
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WEPOB20	Multiple Scattering Effects on a Short Pulse Electron Beam Travelling Through Thin Beryllium Foils	ion, experiment, scattering, simulation	937
	E.E. Wisniewski, S.P. Antipov, M.E. Conde, D.S. Doran, W. Gai, Q. Gao, C.-J. Jing, W. Liu, J.G. Power, C. Whiteford ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA S.P. Antipov, C.-J. Jing Euclid TechLabs, LLC, Solon, Ohio, USA Q. Gao TUB, Beijing, People's Republic of China G. Ha POSTECH, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea
	Funding: Argonne, a U.S.A. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The Argonne Wakefield Accelerator beamlines have stringent vacuum requirements (100 picotorr) necessitated by the Cesium telluride photoinjector. In direct conflict with this, the structures-based wakefield accelerator research program sometimes includes worthy but complex experimental installations with components or structures unable to meet the vacuum standards. A proposed chamber to sequester such experiments safely behind a thin beryllium (Be) window is described and the results of a study of beam-quality issues due to the multiple scattering of the beam through the window are presented and compared to GEANT4 simulations via G4beamline. Three thicknesses of Be foil were used: 30, 75 and 127 micron, probed by electron beams of three different energies: 25, 45, and 65 MeV. Multiple scattering effects were evaluated by comparing the measured transverse rms beam size for the scattered vs. unscattered beam. The experimental results are presented and compared to simulations. Results are discussed along with the implications and suggestions for the future sequestered vacuum chamber design.
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WEPOB58	Cathode Puck Insertion System Design for the LEReC Photoemission DC Electron Gun	ion, cathode, gun, insertion	1021
	C.J. Liaw, V. De Monte, L. DeSanto, K. Hamdi, M. Mapes, T. Rao, A.N. Steszyn, J.E. Tuozzolo, J. Walsh BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA K.W. Smolenski Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
	Funding: This work is supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. DOE. The operation of LEReC is to provide an electron cooling to improve the luminosity of the RHIC heavy ion beam at lower energies in a range of 2.5-25 GeV/nucleon. The electron beam is generated in a DC Electron Gun (DC gun) designed and built by the Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source Group. This DC gun will operate around the clock for at least two weeks without maintenance. This paper presents the design of a reliable cathode puck insertion system, which includes a multi-pucks storage device, a transfer mechanism, a puck insertion device, a vacuum/control system, and a transport scheme.
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WEPOB67	K2CsSb Photocathode Performance in QWR SRF Gun	cathode, ion, gun, multipactoring	1042
	E. Wang, Y. Hao, Y.C. Jing, V. Litvinenko, I. Pinayev, T. Rao, J. Skaritka, G. Wang, T. Xin BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	In 2016 run of Coherent Electron Cooling, we have successfully tested the performance of a number of K2CsSb cathodes. These cathodes with QE of 6%-10% were fabricated in Instrumentation Division, a few miles away, transported to RHIC tunnel under UHV conditions, attached to the CeC gun, kept in storage, and inserted in the gun as needed. A maximum bunch charge of 4.6 nC was generated in the gun when the QE was 1.8 %. With careful conditioning at increasing accelerating fields, it was possible to maintain the QE of several cathodes for more than a week. For the cathodes that experienced degradation, the primary cause was multipacting when the power into the gun was increased. In the initial runs, the entire 20 mm substrate face was coated with the cathode material causing cathode induced multipacting. For subsequent measurements, the substrate was masked to coat only the central 9 mm of the substrate. By optimizing the procedure for boosting the power to the gun and covering all viewports to minimize dark current, we were able to minimize QE degradation. In this paper we discuss the cathode preparation, transfer to the gun and operational experience with the cathodes in 112 MHz gun.
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THA1IO02	Results of the 2015 Helium Processing of CEBAF Cryomodules	ion, cavity, cryomodule, radiation	1054
	M.A. Drury, F. Humphry, L.K. King, M.D. McCaughan, A.D. Solopova JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
	The CEBAF accelerator at Jefferson Lab consists of an injector and two linacs connected by arcs. Each linac contains 25 cryomodules that are designed to deliver an integrated energy of 2.2 GeV per pass to an electron beam in order to meet 12 GeV energy requirements. Helium processing is a processing technique that is used to reduce field emission (FE) in SRF cavities. Helium processing of the 50 installed linac cryomodules was seen as necessary to support 12 GeV energy requirements. This paper will describe the processing procedure and summarize the results of this effort. Notice: Authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177. The U.S. Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce this manuscript for U.S. Government purposes.
	Slides THA1IO02 [3.803 MB]
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THA1CO06	Status of the Development of Superconducting Undulators for Storage Rings and Free Electron Lasers at the Advanced Photon Source	undulator, ion, photon, operation	1068
	Y. Ivanyushenkov, C.L. Doose, J.F. Fuerst, E. Gluskin, K.C. Harkay, Q.B. Hasse, M. Kasa, Y. Shiroyanagi, D. Skiadopoulos, E. Trakhtenberg ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA P. Emma SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
	Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Development of superconducting undulator (SCU) technology continues at the Advanced Photon Source (APS). Experience of building and successful operation of the first short-length, 16-mm period length superconducting undulator SCU0 paved a way for the second 1-m long, 18-mm period device, SCU1, which is in operation since May 2015. The APS SCU team has also built and tested a 1.5-m long, 21-mm period undulator as a part of LCLS SCU R&D program aiming at demonstration of SCU technology availability for free electron lasers. This undulator successfully achieved all the requirements including a phase error of 5 degree rms. Our team is currently completing one more 1-m, 18-mm period undulator that will replace the SCU0. We are also working on a helical SCU for the APS. The status of these projects will be presented.
	Slides THA1CO06 [3.545 MB]
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THPOA14	Ion Effects in the APS Particle Accumulator Ring	ion, simulation, emittance, coherent-effects	1123
	J.R. Calvey, K.C. Harkay, C. Yao ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA
	Trapped ions in the APS Particle Accumulator Ring (PAR) lead to a positive coherent tune shift in both planes, which increases along the PAR cycle as more ions accumulate. This effect has been studied using an ion simulation code developed at SLAC. After modifying the code to include a realistic vacuum profile, multiple ionization, and the effect of shaking the beam to measure the tune, the simulation agrees well with our measurements. This code has also been used to evaluate the possibility of ion instabilities at the high bunch charge needed for the APS-Upgrade.
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THPOA33	A Preliminary Beam Impedance Model of the Advanced Light Source Upgrade at LBL	ion, impedance, cavity, simulation	1174
	S. Persichelli, J.M. Byrd, S. De Santis, D. Li, T.H. Luo, J.R. Osborn, C.A. Swenson, M. Venturini, Y. Yang LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
	The proposed upgrade of the Advanced Light Source (ALS-U) consists of a multi-bend achromat ultralow emittance lattice optimized for the production of diffraction-limited soft x-rays. A narrow-aperture vacuum chamber is a key feature of the new generation of light sources, and can result in a significant increase in the beam impedance, potentially limiting the maximum achievable beam current. While the conceptual design of the vacuum system is still in a very early development stage, this paper presents a preliminary estimate of the beam impedance using a combination of electromagnetic simulations and analytical calculations. We include the impedance of cavities, select vacuum-chamber components and resistive wall in a multi-layered beam chamber with NEG coating.
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THPOA45	Update of the SEY Measurement at Fermilab Main Injector	ion, electron, proton, operation	1190
	Y. Ji IIT, Chicago, Illinois, USA L.K. Spentzouris Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois, USA R.M. Zwaska Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	Studies of in-situ Secondary electron yield (SEY) mea- surements of material samples at the Main Injector (MI) beam pipe wall location started in 2013. [2, 3] These studies aimed at understanding how the beam conditioning of differ- ent materials evolve if they function as MI vacuum chamber walls. The engineering run of the SEY measurement test stand was finished in 2014. From 2014 to 2016 the Fermilab accelerator intensity has increased from 24 × 10¹² protons to 42 × 1012 protons. The beam conditioning effect on SS316L and TiN coated SS316L has been observed throughout this period. [1] Improvement of the data acquisition procedure and hardware has been performed. A deconditioning pro- cess was observed during the accelerator annual shut down in 2016.
	Poster THPOA45 [3.113 MB]
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THPOA49	Electron Cloud Trapping in Recycler Combined Function Dipole Magnets	ion, electron, dipole, proton	1200
	S. A. Antipov University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA S. Nagaitsev Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	Electron cloud can lead to a fast instability in intense proton and positron beams in circular accelerators. In the Fermilab Recycler the electron cloud is confined within its combined function magnets. We show that combined function magnets trap the electron cloud with their magnetic field, present the results of analytical estimates of trapping, and compare them to numerical simulations of electron cloud formation. The electron cloud in a combined function magnet is located at the beam center and up to 1% of the particles can be trapped by its magnetic field. Since the process of electron cloud build-up is exponential, once trapped this amount of electrons significantly increases the density of the cloud on the next revolution. In a Recycler combined function dipole this multi-turn accumulations allows the electron cloud reaching final intensities orders of magnitude greater than in a pure dipole. The multi-turn build-up can be stopped by injection of a single clearing bunch of 1*10¹⁰ p at any position in the ring.
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THPOA62	Clearing Magnet Design for APS-U	ion, storage-ring, electron, permanent-magnet	1228
	M. Abliz, J.H. Grimmer, Y. Jaski, M. Ramanathan, F. Westferro ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA
	Abstract Advanced Photon Source is in the process of developing an upgrade of the storage ring. The Upgrade will be converting the current double bend lattice to a multi-bend lattice (MBA). In addition, the storage ring will be operated at 6 GeV and 200 mA with regular swap-out injection to keep the stored beam current constant. The swap-out injection will take place with beamline shutters open. For radiation safety to ensure that no electrons can exit the storage ring, a passive method of protecting the beamline and containing the electrons inside the storage ring tunnel is proposed. A clearing magnet will be located in all beamline front ends inside the storage ring tunnel. This article will discuss the principle, design and mechanical design of the clearing magnet scheme for the APS-Upgrade.
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THPOA64	MAX IV Storage Ring Magnet Installation Procedure	ion, storage-ring, MMI, operation	1234
	K. Åhnberg, M.A.G. Johansson, P.F. Tavares, L. Thånell MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
	The MAX IV facility consists of a 3 GeV storage ring, a 1.5 GeV storage ring and a full energy injector linac. The storage ring magnets are based on an integrated "magnet block" concept. Each magnet block holds several consecutive magnet elements. The 3 GeV ring consists of 140 magnet blocks and 1.5 GeV ring has 12 magnet blocks. During the installation, procedures were developed to guarantee block straightness. This article discusses the installation procedure from a mechanical point of view and presents measurement data of block straightness and ring performance.
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Paper

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MOB3IO01

Commissioning of the Phase-I SuperKEKB B-Factory and Update on the Overall Status

ion, electron, emittance, coupling

32

Y. Ohnishi, T. Abe, T. Adachi, K. Akai, Y. Arimoto, K. Egawa, Y. Enomoto, J.W. Flanagan, H. Fukuma, Y. Funakoshi, K. Furukawa, N. Iida, H. Iinuma, H. Ikeda, T. Ishibashi, M. Iwasaki, T. Kageyama, H. Kaji, T. Kamitani, T. Kawamoto, S. Kazama, M. Kikuchi, T. Kobayashi, K. Kodama, H. Koiso, M. Masuzawa, T. Mimashi, T. Miura, F. Miyahara, T. Mori, A. Morita, S. Nakamura, T.T. Nakamura, H. Nakayama, T. Natsui, M. Nishiwaki, K. Ohmi, T. Oki, S. Sasaki, M. Satoh, Y. Seimiya, K. Shibata, M. Suetake, Y. Suetsugu, H. Sugimoto, M. Tanaka, M. Tawada, S. Terui, M. Tobiyama, S. Uehara, S. Uno, X. Wang, K. Watanabe, Y. Yano, S.I. Yoshimoto, R. Zhang, D. Zhou, X. Zhou, Z.G. Zong
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
M.E. Biagini, M. Boscolo, S. Guiducci
INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy
D. El Khechen
LAL, Orsay, France

The SuperKEKB B-Factory at KEK (Japan), after few years of shutdown for the construction and renovation, has finally come to the Phase-1 commissioning of the LER and HER rings, without the final focus system and the Belle II detector. Vacuum scrubbing, optics tuning and beam related background measurements were performed in this phase. Low emittance tuning techniques have also been applied in order to set up the rings for Phase-2 with colliding beams next year. An update of the final focus system construction, as well as the status of the injection system with the new positron damping ring and high current/low emittance electron gun is also presented.

Slides MOB3IO01 [10.375 MB]

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MOPOB05

Tokamak Accelerator

ion, plasma, ECR, experiment

76

G. Li
ASIPP, Hefei, People's Republic of China

Tokamak accelerator within plasma is analyzed to be implemented in existing machines for speeding the development of fusion energy with seeding fast particles from high current accelerators - the so-called two-component reactor approach [J. M. Dawson, H. P. Furth, and F. H. Tenney, Phys. Rev. Lett. 26, 1156 (1971)]. All plasma particles are heated at the same time by inductively-coupled power transfer (IPT) within an energy confinement time. This could facilitate the attainment of ignition in tokamak by forming high-gain high-field (HGHF) fusion plasma suggested in [Li. G., Sci. Rep.5, 15790 (2015)]. HGHF mechanism is validated by the flux-conserving process existed in discharges of tokamak plasma at normal operation with long pulses or at compression process within an energy confinement time. Differences between HGHF plasma and former unity-beta plasma are discussed. Tokamak as an accelerator could scale down the design capacity of fusion power plant by simply inserting in-vacuum vertical field coils (IVC) within its vacuum vessel, such as China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor (CFETR).

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MOPOB07

Off-Orbit Ray Tracing Analysis for the APS-Upgrade Storage Ring Vacuum System

ion, photon, storage-ring, site

82

J.A. Carter, K.C. Harkay, B.K. Stillwell
ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA

Funding: Argonne National Laboratory's work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357.
A MatLab program has been created to investigate off-orbit ray tracing possibilities for the APS-Upgrade stor-age ring vacuum system design. The goals for the pro-gram include calculating worst case thermal loading conditions and finding minimum shielding heights for photon absorbers. The program computes the deviation possibilities of synchrotron radiation rays emitted along bending magnet paths using discretized local phase space ellipses. The sizes of the ellipses are computed based on multi-bend achromat (MBA) lattice parameters and the limiting aperture size within the future storage ring vacuum system. For absorber height calculations, rays are projected from each point in the discretized ellipse to the locations of downstream absorbers. The absorber heights are mini-mized while protecting downstream components from all possible rays. For heat loads, rays are projected until they hit a vacuum chamber wall. The area and linear power densities are calculated based on a ray's distance trav-elled and striking incidence angle. A set of worse case local heat loads is collected revealing a maximum condi-tion that each vacuum component must be designed to withstand.

Poster MOPOB07 [12.749 MB]

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MOPOB10

Design of the HGVPU Undulator Vacuum Chamber for LCLS-II

ion, alignment, undulator, operation

89

J.E. Lerch, J.A. Carter, P.K. Den Hartog, G.E. Wiemerslage
ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA

A vacuum chamber has been designed and prototyped for the new Horizontal Gap Vertically Polarization Undulator (HGVPU) as part of the LCLS-II upgrade project. Numerous functional requirements for the HGVPU assembly constrained the vacuum chamber design. These constraints included spatial restrictions to achieve small magnet gaps, narrow temperature and alignment specifications, and minimization of wall erosion and pressure drop within the cooling channels. This led to the design of a 3.5-meter length, thin walled, extruded aluminium chamber with interior water cooling. FEA stress analysis was performed to ensure the chamber will not fail under vacuum and water pressure. A cooling scheme was optimized to ensure water flow is sufficient to maintain temperature without the risk of erosion and to minimize pres-sure drop across the chamber.

Poster MOPOB10 [60.628 MB]

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MOPOB11

Research and Development on the Storage Ring Vacuum System for the APS Upgrade Project

ion, photon, storage-ring, impedance

92

B.K. Stillwell, B. Brajuskovic, J.A. Carter, H. Cease, R.M. Lill, G. Navrotski, J. R. Noonan, K.J. Suthar, D.R. Walters, G.E. Wiemerslage, J. Zientek
ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA
M.P. Sangroula
IIT, Chicago, Illinois, USA

Funding: UChicago Argonne, LLC, operator of Argonne National Laboratory, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
A number of research and development activities are underway at Argonne National Laboratory to build confidence in the designs for the storage ring vacuum system required for the Advanced Photon Source Upgrade project (APS-U) [1]. The predominant technical risks are: excessive residual gas pressures during operation, insufficient beam position monitor stability, excessive beam impedance, excessive heating by induced electrical surface currents, and insufficient operational reliability. Present efforts to mitigate these risks include: building and evaluating mock-up assemblies, performing mechanical testing of chamber weld joints, developing computational tools, investigating design alternatives, and performing electrical bench measurements. Status of these activities and some of what has been learned to date will be shared.
*B. Stillwell et al., Conceptual Design of a Storage Ring Vacuum System Compatible with Implementation of a Seven Bend Achromat Lattice at the APS, in Proc. IPAC'14, Dresden, Germany, 2409-2411.

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MOPOB24

Design of Main Coupler for 650 MHz SC Cavities of PIP-II Project

ion, cavity, cryomodule, proton

121

O.V. Pronitchev, S. Kazakov
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

Proton Improvement Plan-II at Fermilab has designed an 800MeV superconducting pulsed linac which is also capable of running in CW mode. The high energy section from 185MeV to 800MeV will be using cryomodules with two types of 650MHz elliptical cavities. Both types of cryomodules will include six 5-cell elliptical cavities. Each cavity will have one coupler. Updated design of the 650 MHz main coupler is reported.

Poster MOPOB24 [1.016 MB]

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MOPOB25

The Use of KF Style Flanges in Low Particlulate Applications

ion, diagnostics, hardware, cavity

124

K.R. Kendziora, J.J. Angelo, C.M. Baffes, D. Franck, R.J. Kellett
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

Funding: Fermilab, Operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. De-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy
As SCRF particle accelerator technology advances the need for 'low particulate' and 'particle free' vacuum systems becomes greater and greater. In the course of the operation of these systems, there comes a time when vari-ous instruments have to be temporarily attached for diag-nostic purposes: RGAs, leak detectors, and additional pumps. In an effort to make the additions of these instru-ments easier and more time effective, we propose to use KF style flanges for these types of temporary diagnostic connections. This document will describe the tests used to compare the particles generated using the assembly of the, widely accepted for 'particle free' use, conflat flange to the proposed KF style flange, and demonstrate that KF flanges produce less particles.

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MOPOB36

Design of the High Beta 650 MHz Cryomodule - PIP II

ion, cavity, cryomodule, cryogenics

149

V. Roger, T.H. Nicol, Y.O. Orlov
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

Funding: US Department of Energy
In this paper the design of the high beta 650 MHz cryomodule will be presented. This cryomodule is composed of six 5-cell 650 MHz elliptical cavities, designed for β=0.92. These cryomodules are the last elements of the Super Conducting (SC) linac architecture which is the main component of the Proton Improvement Plan-II (PIP-II) at Fermilab. This paper summarizes the design choices which have been done. Mechanical, thermal and cryogenic analyses have been performed to ensure the proper operation. First the concept of having a strong-back at room temperature has been validated. Then the heat loads have been estimated and all the components have been integrated inside the cryomodule by designing the supports, the beam line, the thermal shield and the cryogenic lines. All these elements and the calculations leading to the design of this cryomodule will be described in this paper.

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MOPOB81

Deposition of Non-Evaporative Getters R&D Activity for HEPS-TF

ion, cathode, site, distributed

238

P. He, D.Z. Guo, B. Liu, Y. Ma, Y.C. Yang, L. Zhang
IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Non Evaporable Getter(NEG) coating technology was widely used around the world's ultra-low emittance storage rings. It will provide the distributed pumping which is the obvious solution to solve the conductance limitation of narrow vacuum chamber at small magnet aperture. The HEPS-TF is the R&D project of HEPS (High Energy Photon Source), it will cover all of the key technology for HEPS accelerator system and beamlines. In order to meet the small aperture vacuum chamber distributed pumping requirement, the NEG coating R&D for HEPS vacuum chamber is under the way. Getter films deposited on the inner surface of the chamber would transform the vacuum chamber from an outgassing source into a pump. The coating test bench will be shown here and coating procedure will be presented.

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TUA2CO04

Vacuum Breakdown at 110 GHz

ion, experiment, cavity, GUI

275

S.C. Schaub
MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
M.A. Shapiro, R.J. Temkin
MIT/PSFC, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA

A 1.5 MW, 110 GHz gyrotron is used to produce a linearly polarized quasioptical beam in 3 μs pulses. The beam is concentrated in vacuum to produce strong electric fields on the surfaces of dielectric and metallic samples, which are being tested for breakdown threshold at high fields. Dielectrics are tested in the forms of both windows, with electric fields parallel to the surface, and sub-wavelength dielectric rod waveguides, with electric fields perpendicular to the surface. Currently, visible light emission, absorbed/scattered microwave power, and vacuum pressure diagnostics are used to detect discharges on dielectric surfaces. Future experiments will include dark current diagnostics for direct detection of electrons. Dielectrics to be tested include crystal quartz, fused quartz, sapphire, high resistivity float-zone silicon, and alumina. Metallic accelerator structures will also be tested in collaboration with SLAC. These tests will require shortening of the microwave pulse length to the nanosecond scale.

Slides TUA2CO04 [1.826 MB]

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TUPOA49

A General Model of Vacuum Arcs in Linacs

ion, plasma, experiment, laser

387

J. Norem
Nano Synergy, Inc., Downers Grove, Illinois, USA
Z. Insepov
Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA

We are developing a general model of breakdown and gradient limits that applies to accelerators, along with other high field applications such as power grids and laser ablation. Our recent efforts have considered failure modes of integrated circuits, sheath properties of dense, non-Debye plasmas and applications of capillary wave theory to rf breakdown in linacs. In contrast to much of the rf breakdown effort that considers one physical mechanism or on e experimental geometry, we are finding that there is an enormous volume of relevant material in the literature that helps to constrain our model and suggest experimental tests.

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TUPOA59

Successful Laboratory-Industrial Partnerships: the Cornell-Friatec Segmented Insulator for High Voltage DC Photocathode Guns

ion, gun, electron, high-voltage

405

K.W. Smolenski, B.M. Dunham
Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
D.L. Barth, M. Muehlbauer, S. Wacker
FRIATEC AG, Mannheim, Germany
J.M. Maxson
UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA

High voltage DC photocathode guns currently offer the most reliable path to electron beams with high current and brightness. The performance of a gun is directly dependent on its vacuum and high voltage capabilities, determined in large part by the ceramic insulators. The insulator must meet XHV standards, bear the load of pressurized SF6 on its exterior, support the massive electrode structures as well as holding off DC voltages up to 750kV. Construction of UHV and high voltage capable insulators require high purity ceramics and metal components proven to minimize thermal stress between the brazed ceramic rings and metal guard rings. The use of replaceable guard rings is a critical way of controlling manufacturing costs while extending the life cycle of the insulator. Successful fabrication requires proven manufacturing methods in flatness, parallelism, and maintaining alignment of many parts during the brazing process. Taking a scalable, modular approach, the insulator design can be applied to a variety of gun voltages and can be used by other projects. The Cornell-Friatec insulator was designed collaboratively and has now been produced in quantity for Cornell and elsewhere.

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TUB3IO01

Commissioning of the Max IV Light Source

ion, storage-ring, MMI, cavity

439

P.F. Tavares, E. Al-Dmour, Å. Andersson, M. Eriksson, M.J. Grabski, M.A.G. Johansson, S.C. Leemann, L. Malmgren, M. Sjöström, S. Thorin
MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

The MAX IV facility, currently under commissioning in Lund, Sweden, features two electron storage rings operated at 3 GeV and 1.5 GeV and optimized for the hard X-ray and soft X-ray/VUV spectral ranges, respectively. A 3 GeV linear accelerator serves as a full-energy injector into both rings as well as a driver for a short-pulse facility, in which undulators produce X-ray pulses as short as 100 fs. In this paper, we briefly review the overall facility layout and design concepts and focus on recent results obtained in commissioning of the accelerators with an emphasis on the ultralow emittance 3 GeV ring, the first light source using a multibend achromat.

Slides TUB3IO01 [6.269 MB]

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TUPOB39

Mechanical Design and Manufacturing of a Two Meter Precision Non-Linear Magnet System

ion, alignment, optics, simulation

578

J.D. McNevin
RadiaBeam Systems, Santa Monica, California, USA
R.B. Agustsson, F.H. O'Shea
RadiaBeam, Santa Monica, California, USA

Funding: Department of Energy Office of Science DE-SC0009531
RadiaBeam Technologies is currently developing a non-linear magnet insert for Fermilab's Integrable Optics Test Accelerator (IOTA), a 150 MeV circulating electron beam storage ring designed for investigating advanced beam physics concepts. The physics requirements of the insert demand a high level of precision in magnet geometry, magnet axis alignment, and corresponding alignment of the vacuum chamber geometry within the magnet modules to maximize chamber aperture size. Here we report on the design and manufacturing of the vacuum chamber, magnet manufacturing, and kinematic systems.

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TUPOB51

A NUMERICAL STUDY OF THE MICROWAVE INSTABILITY AT APS

ion, storage-ring, simulation, experiment

602

A. Blednykh, G. Bassi, V.V. Smaluk
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
R.R. Lindberg
ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA

Funding: This work was supported by Department of Energy contract DE-AC02-98CH10886.
Two particle tracking codes, ELEGANT and SPACE, have been used to simulate the microwave instability in the APS storage ring. The total longitudinal wakepotential for the APS vacuum components, computed by GdfidL, has been used as the input file for the simulations. The numerical results have been compared with bunch length and the energy spread measurements for different single-bunch intensities.

Poster TUPOB51 [1.032 MB]

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WEA1IO02

Computation of Electromagnetic Fields Generated by Relativistic Beams in Complicated Structures

ion, simulation, electromagnetic-fields, wakefield

642

I. Zagorodnov
DESY, Hamburg, Germany

We discuss recent developments of numerical methods for computation of wakefields excited by short bunches in accelerators. They include a low-dispersive computational algorithm, conformal approximation of the boundaries, surface conductivity, and indirect wake potential integration. The implementation of these methods in the electromagnetic code ECHO for 2D and 3D problems are presented with a special emphasis on a new ECHO2D code for fast calculations of wakefields in rectangular geometries. Several examples of application of the code to calculation of wakefields for the European Free Electron Laser project and in the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) project are considered.

Slides WEA1IO02 [4.461 MB]

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WEPOA05

EBIS Charge Breeder for RAON Facility

ion, electron, gun, ISOL

696

S.A. Kondrashev, J.-W. Kim, Y.K. Kwon, Y.H. Park, H.J. Son
IBS, Daejeon, Republic of Korea

New large scale accelerator facility called RAON is under design in Institute for Basic Science (IBS, Daejeon, Korea). Both technics of rare isotope production Isotope Separation On-Line (ISOL) and In-Flight Fragmentation (IF) will be combined within one facility for the first time to provide wide variety of rare isotope ion beams for nuclear physics experiments and applied research. Electron Beam Ion Source (EBIS) charge breeder will be used to prepare rare isotope ion beams produced by ISOL method for efficient acceleration. Beams of different rare isotopes will be charge-bred by an EBIS charge breeder to a charge-to-mass ratio (q/A) ≥ 1/4 and accelerated by linac post-accelerator to energies of 18.5 MeV/u. RAON EBIS charge breeder will provide the next step in the development of breeder technology by implementation of electron beam with current up to 3 A and utilization of wide (8') warm bore of 6 T superconducting solenoid. The design of RAON EBIS charge breeder and results of dumping of high power DC and pulsed electron beam into collector will be presented and discussed.

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WEB4CO04

100 kW Very Compact Pulsed Solid-State RF Amplifier. Development and Tests

ion, controls, rf-amplifier, power-supply

873

G.B. Sharkov, A.A. Krasnov, S.A. Polikhov
NIITFA, Moscow, Russia
R. Cisneros, R.J. Patrick
TMD Technologies, Middlesex, United Kingdom

A high power solid-state RF amplifier system has been developed and tested. The modular scalable architecture of the system allows to build megawatt-range compact, robust, cost effective RF amplifiers/generators with high plug efficiency. Using a special designed technology of RF power on-board combination for several LDMOS transistors and very compact high power RF combiners, the amplifier with output power of 100 kW and duty cycle of 5% has been fit into a single 19" cabinet. The system has been tested at the output power up to 104 kW with 3.5 ms pulses. The overview of the technologies, the design of the machine, and its main subsystems is given in this talk. The test results and the market perspectives are also presented.

Slides WEB4CO04 [19.504 MB]

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WEPOB20

Multiple Scattering Effects on a Short Pulse Electron Beam Travelling Through Thin Beryllium Foils

ion, experiment, scattering, simulation

937

E.E. Wisniewski, S.P. Antipov, M.E. Conde, D.S. Doran, W. Gai, Q. Gao, C.-J. Jing, W. Liu, J.G. Power, C. Whiteford
ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA
S.P. Antipov, C.-J. Jing
Euclid TechLabs, LLC, Solon, Ohio, USA
Q. Gao
TUB, Beijing, People's Republic of China
G. Ha
POSTECH, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea

Funding: Argonne, a U.S.A. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
The Argonne Wakefield Accelerator beamlines have stringent vacuum requirements (100 picotorr) necessitated by the Cesium telluride photoinjector. In direct conflict with this, the structures-based wakefield accelerator research program sometimes includes worthy but complex experimental installations with components or structures unable to meet the vacuum standards. A proposed chamber to sequester such experiments safely behind a thin beryllium (Be) window is described and the results of a study of beam-quality issues due to the multiple scattering of the beam through the window are presented and compared to GEANT4 simulations via G4beamline. Three thicknesses of Be foil were used: 30, 75 and 127 micron, probed by electron beams of three different energies: 25, 45, and 65 MeV. Multiple scattering effects were evaluated by comparing the measured transverse rms beam size for the scattered vs. unscattered beam. The experimental results are presented and compared to simulations. Results are discussed along with the implications and suggestions for the future sequestered vacuum chamber design.

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WEPOB58

Cathode Puck Insertion System Design for the LEReC Photoemission DC Electron Gun

ion, cathode, gun, insertion

1021

C.J. Liaw, V. De Monte, L. DeSanto, K. Hamdi, M. Mapes, T. Rao, A.N. Steszyn, J.E. Tuozzolo, J. Walsh
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
K.W. Smolenski
Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA

Funding: This work is supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. DOE.
The operation of LEReC is to provide an electron cooling to improve the luminosity of the RHIC heavy ion beam at lower energies in a range of 2.5-25 GeV/nucleon. The electron beam is generated in a DC Electron Gun (DC gun) designed and built by the Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source Group. This DC gun will operate around the clock for at least two weeks without maintenance. This paper presents the design of a reliable cathode puck insertion system, which includes a multi-pucks storage device, a transfer mechanism, a puck insertion device, a vacuum/control system, and a transport scheme.

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WEPOB67

K2CsSb Photocathode Performance in QWR SRF Gun

cathode, ion, gun, multipactoring

1042

E. Wang, Y. Hao, Y.C. Jing, V. Litvinenko, I. Pinayev, T. Rao, J. Skaritka, G. Wang, T. Xin
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA

In 2016 run of Coherent Electron Cooling, we have successfully tested the performance of a number of K2CsSb cathodes. These cathodes with QE of 6%-10% were fabricated in Instrumentation Division, a few miles away, transported to RHIC tunnel under UHV conditions, attached to the CeC gun, kept in storage, and inserted in the gun as needed. A maximum bunch charge of 4.6 nC was generated in the gun when the QE was 1.8 %. With careful conditioning at increasing accelerating fields, it was possible to maintain the QE of several cathodes for more than a week. For the cathodes that experienced degradation, the primary cause was multipacting when the power into the gun was increased. In the initial runs, the entire 20 mm substrate face was coated with the cathode material causing cathode induced multipacting. For subsequent measurements, the substrate was masked to coat only the central 9 mm of the substrate. By optimizing the procedure for boosting the power to the gun and covering all viewports to minimize dark current, we were able to minimize QE degradation. In this paper we discuss the cathode preparation, transfer to the gun and operational experience with the cathodes in 112 MHz gun.

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THA1IO02

Results of the 2015 Helium Processing of CEBAF Cryomodules

ion, cavity, cryomodule, radiation

1054

M.A. Drury, F. Humphry, L.K. King, M.D. McCaughan, A.D. Solopova
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA

The CEBAF accelerator at Jefferson Lab consists of an injector and two linacs connected by arcs. Each linac contains 25 cryomodules that are designed to deliver an integrated energy of 2.2 GeV per pass to an electron beam in order to meet 12 GeV energy requirements. Helium processing is a processing technique that is used to reduce field emission (FE) in SRF cavities. Helium processing of the 50 installed linac cryomodules was seen as necessary to support 12 GeV energy requirements. This paper will describe the processing procedure and summarize the results of this effort. Notice: Authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177. The U.S. Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce this manuscript for U.S. Government purposes.

Slides THA1IO02 [3.803 MB]

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THA1CO06

Status of the Development of Superconducting Undulators for Storage Rings and Free Electron Lasers at the Advanced Photon Source

undulator, ion, photon, operation

1068

Y. Ivanyushenkov, C.L. Doose, J.F. Fuerst, E. Gluskin, K.C. Harkay, Q.B. Hasse, M. Kasa, Y. Shiroyanagi, D. Skiadopoulos, E. Trakhtenberg
ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA
P. Emma
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA

Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
Development of superconducting undulator (SCU) technology continues at the Advanced Photon Source (APS). Experience of building and successful operation of the first short-length, 16-mm period length superconducting undulator SCU0 paved a way for the second 1-m long, 18-mm period device, SCU1, which is in operation since May 2015. The APS SCU team has also built and tested a 1.5-m long, 21-mm period undulator as a part of LCLS SCU R&D program aiming at demonstration of SCU technology availability for free electron lasers. This undulator successfully achieved all the requirements including a phase error of 5 degree rms. Our team is currently completing one more 1-m, 18-mm period undulator that will replace the SCU0. We are also working on a helical SCU for the APS. The status of these projects will be presented.

Slides THA1CO06 [3.545 MB]

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THPOA14

Ion Effects in the APS Particle Accumulator Ring

ion, simulation, emittance, coherent-effects

1123

J.R. Calvey, K.C. Harkay, C. Yao
ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA

Trapped ions in the APS Particle Accumulator Ring (PAR) lead to a positive coherent tune shift in both planes, which increases along the PAR cycle as more ions accumulate. This effect has been studied using an ion simulation code developed at SLAC. After modifying the code to include a realistic vacuum profile, multiple ionization, and the effect of shaking the beam to measure the tune, the simulation agrees well with our measurements. This code has also been used to evaluate the possibility of ion instabilities at the high bunch charge needed for the APS-Upgrade.

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THPOA33

A Preliminary Beam Impedance Model of the Advanced Light Source Upgrade at LBL

ion, impedance, cavity, simulation

1174

S. Persichelli, J.M. Byrd, S. De Santis, D. Li, T.H. Luo, J.R. Osborn, C.A. Swenson, M. Venturini, Y. Yang
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA

The proposed upgrade of the Advanced Light Source (ALS-U) consists of a multi-bend achromat ultralow emittance lattice optimized for the production of diffraction-limited soft x-rays. A narrow-aperture vacuum chamber is a key feature of the new generation of light sources, and can result in a significant increase in the beam impedance, potentially limiting the maximum achievable beam current. While the conceptual design of the vacuum system is still in a very early development stage, this paper presents a preliminary estimate of the beam impedance using a combination of electromagnetic simulations and analytical calculations. We include the impedance of cavities, select vacuum-chamber components and resistive wall in a multi-layered beam chamber with NEG coating.

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THPOA45

Update of the SEY Measurement at Fermilab Main Injector

ion, electron, proton, operation

1190

Y. Ji
IIT, Chicago, Illinois, USA
L.K. Spentzouris
Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois, USA
R.M. Zwaska
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

Studies of in-situ Secondary electron yield (SEY) mea- surements of material samples at the Main Injector (MI) beam pipe wall location started in 2013. [2, 3] These studies aimed at understanding how the beam conditioning of differ- ent materials evolve if they function as MI vacuum chamber walls. The engineering run of the SEY measurement test stand was finished in 2014. From 2014 to 2016 the Fermilab accelerator intensity has increased from 24 × 10¹² protons to 42 × 1012 protons. The beam conditioning effect on SS316L and TiN coated SS316L has been observed throughout this period. [1] Improvement of the data acquisition procedure and hardware has been performed. A deconditioning pro- cess was observed during the accelerator annual shut down in 2016.

Poster THPOA45 [3.113 MB]

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THPOA49

Electron Cloud Trapping in Recycler Combined Function Dipole Magnets

ion, electron, dipole, proton

1200

S. A. Antipov
University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
S. Nagaitsev
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

Electron cloud can lead to a fast instability in intense proton and positron beams in circular accelerators. In the Fermilab Recycler the electron cloud is confined within its combined function magnets. We show that combined function magnets trap the electron cloud with their magnetic field, present the results of analytical estimates of trapping, and compare them to numerical simulations of electron cloud formation. The electron cloud in a combined function magnet is located at the beam center and up to 1% of the particles can be trapped by its magnetic field. Since the process of electron cloud build-up is exponential, once trapped this amount of electrons significantly increases the density of the cloud on the next revolution. In a Recycler combined function dipole this multi-turn accumulations allows the electron cloud reaching final intensities orders of magnitude greater than in a pure dipole. The multi-turn build-up can be stopped by injection of a single clearing bunch of 1*10¹⁰ p at any position in the ring.

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THPOA62

Clearing Magnet Design for APS-U

ion, storage-ring, electron, permanent-magnet

1228

M. Abliz, J.H. Grimmer, Y. Jaski, M. Ramanathan, F. Westferro
ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA

Abstract Advanced Photon Source is in the process of developing an upgrade of the storage ring. The Upgrade will be converting the current double bend lattice to a multi-bend lattice (MBA). In addition, the storage ring will be operated at 6 GeV and 200 mA with regular swap-out injection to keep the stored beam current constant. The swap-out injection will take place with beamline shutters open. For radiation safety to ensure that no electrons can exit the storage ring, a passive method of protecting the beamline and containing the electrons inside the storage ring tunnel is proposed. A clearing magnet will be located in all beamline front ends inside the storage ring tunnel. This article will discuss the principle, design and mechanical design of the clearing magnet scheme for the APS-Upgrade.

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THPOA64

MAX IV Storage Ring Magnet Installation Procedure

ion, storage-ring, MMI, operation

1234

K. Åhnberg, M.A.G. Johansson, P.F. Tavares, L. Thånell
MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

The MAX IV facility consists of a 3 GeV storage ring, a 1.5 GeV storage ring and a full energy injector linac. The storage ring magnets are based on an integrated "magnet block" concept. Each magnet block holds several consecutive magnet elements. The 3 GeV ring consists of 140 magnet blocks and 1.5 GeV ring has 12 magnet blocks. During the installation, procedures were developed to guarantee block straightness. This article discusses the installation procedure from a mechanical point of view and presents measurement data of block straightness and ring performance.

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