Keyword: optics
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MOA2CO04 MICE Operation and Demonstration of Muon Ionization Cooling ion, emittance, simulation, cavity 10
 
  • A. Liu
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
 
  Funding: DOE, NSF, STFC, INFN, CHEPP and more
The international Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE) will demonstrate ionization cooling, the only technique that, given the short muon lifetime, can reduce the phase-space volume occupied by a muon beam quickly enough. MICE will demonstrate cooling in two steps. In the first one, Step IV, MICE will study the multiple Coulomb scattering in liquid hydrogen (LH2) and lithium hydride (LiH). A focus coil module will provide focusing on the absorber. The transverse emittance will be measured upstream and downstream of the absorber in two spectrometer solenoids (SS). Magnetic fields generated by two match coils in the SSs allow the beam to be matched into flat-field regions in which the tracking detectors are installed. This paper will present preliminary results and present plans for data taking of MICE Step IV, together with the design of the MICE Cooling Demonstration Step (Step DEMO), which requires addition of RF systems in the current setup.
 
slides icon Slides MOA2CO04 [10.025 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-MOA2CO04  
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MOPOB08 Streak Camera Measurements of the APS PC Gun Drive Laser ion, laser, factory, gun 85
 
  • J.C. Dooling
    ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA
  • A.H. Lumpkin
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
 
  Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, under contract number DE-AC02-06CH11357.
We report recent pulse-duration measurements of the APS PC Gun drive laser at both second harmonic (SH, 527 nm) and fourth harmonic (FH. 263 nm) wavelengths. The drive laser is a Nd:Glass-based CPA with the IR wavelength (1053 nm) twice doubled to obtain UV output for the gun. A Hamamatsu C5680 streak camera and an M5675 synchroscan unit are used for these measurements; the synchroscan unit is tuned to 119 MHz, the 24th subharmonic of the linac operating frequency. Calibration is accomplished both electronically and optically. Electronic calibration utilizes a programmable delay line in the 119 MHz rf path. The optical delay employs an etalon with known spacing between reflecting surfaces; this etalon is coated for the visible, SH wavelength. IR pulse duration is monitored with an autocorrelator. Fitting the streak camera image projected profiles with Gaussians, UV rms pulse durations are found to vary from 2.1 ps to 3.5 ps as the IR varies from 2.2 ps to 5.2 ps.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-MOPOB08  
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TUPOA25 Initial Demonstration of 9-MHz Framing Camera Rates on the FAST Drive Laser Pulse Trains* ion, laser, electron, radiation 333
 
  • A.H. Lumpkin, D.R. Edstrom, J. Ruan
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
 
  Funding: * Work at Fermilab supported by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02- 07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy.
Although beam centroid information at the MHz-micropulse-repetition rate has routinely been achieved at various facilities with rf BPMS, the challenge of recording beam size information at that rate is more daunting. The Integrable Optics Test Accelerator (IOTA) ring being planned at Fermilab has ~8 MHz revolution rates. To simulate the IOTA synchrotron radiation source temporal structure, we have used the UV component of the drive laser of the Fermilab Accelerator Science and Technology (FAST) Facility. This laser is normally set at 3 MHz, but has also been run at 9 MHz. We have configured our Hamamatsu C5680 streak camera in a framing camera mode using a slow vertical sweep plugin unit with the dual axis horizontal sweep unit**. A two-dimensional array of images sampled at the MHz rate can then be displayed on the streak tube phosphor and recorded by the CCD readout camera at up to 10 Hz. As an example, by using the 10 microsecond vertical sweep with the 100 microsecond horizontal sweep ranges, 49 of the 300 micropulses at 3 MHz are displayed for a given trigger delay in each of six images. Example 2D image arrays with profiling examples will be presented.
**Hamamatsu C5680 product web page.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-TUPOA25  
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TUPOA36 Computed Tomography of Transverse Phase Space ion, simulation, quadrupole, instrumentation 358
 
  • A.C. Watts, C. Johnstone, J.A. Johnstone
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
 
  Funding: Work supported by Fermi Reserach Alliance, LLC under Contract no. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy.
Two computed tomography techniques are explored to reconstruct beam transverse phase space using both simulated beam and multi-wire profile data in the Fermilab Muon Test Area ("MTA") beamline. Both Filtered Back-Projection ("FBP") and Simultaneous Algebraic Reconstruction Technique ("SART") algorithms are considered and compared. Errors and artifacts are compared as a function of each algorithm's free parameters, and it is shown through simulation and MTA beamline profiles that SART is advantageous for reconstructions with limited profile data.
awatts@fnal.gov, cjj@fnal.gov, jjohnstone@fnal.gov
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-TUPOA36  
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TUPOB17 Simulations in Support of Wire Beam-Beam Compensation Experiment at the LHC ion, simulation, experiment, emittance 525
 
  • A.S. Patapenka
    Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, USA
  • R. De Maria, Y. Papaphilippou
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • A. Valishev
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
 
  The compensation of long-range beam-beam interaction with current wires is considered as a possible technology for the HL-LHC upgrade project. A demonstration experiment is planned in the present LHC machine starting in 2018. This paper summarizes the tracking studies of long range beam-beam effect compensation in the LHC aimed to aid in planning the demonstration experiment. The impact of wire compensators is demonstrated on the tune footprints, dynamic aperture, beam emittance and beam intensity degradation. The simulations are performed with SIXTRACK code. The symplectic transport map for the wire element, its verification and implementation into the code are also discussed.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-TUPOB17  
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TUPOB35 Progress on Skew Parametric Resonance Ionization Cooling Channel Design and Simulation ion, coupling, multipole, resonance 565
 
  • A.V. Sy, Y.S. Derbenev, V.S. Morozov
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  • A. Afanasev
    GWU, Washington, USA
  • Y. Bao
    UCR, Riverside, California, USA
  • R.P. Johnson
    Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA
 
  Funding: This work was supported in part by U.S. DOE STTR Grant DE-SC0005589. Authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177.
Skew Parametric-resonance Ionization Cooling (Skew PIC) is an extension of the Parametric-resonance Ionization Cooling (PIC) framework that has previously been explored as the final 6D cooling stage of a high-luminosity muon collider. The addition of skew quadrupoles to the PIC magnetic focusing channel induces coupled dynamic behavior of the beam that is radially periodic. The periodicity of the radial motion allows for the avoidance of unwanted resonances in the horizontal and vertical transverse planes, while still providing periodic locations at which ionization cooling components can be implemented. Properties of the linear beam dynamics have been previously reported and good agreement exists between theory, analytic solutions, and simulations. Progress on aberration compensation in the coupled correlated optics channel is presented and discussed.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-TUPOB35  
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TUPOB39 Mechanical Design and Manufacturing of a Two Meter Precision Non-Linear Magnet System ion, vacuum, alignment, simulation 578
 
  • J.D. McNevin
    RadiaBeam Systems, Santa Monica, California, USA
  • R.B. Agustsson, F.H. O'Shea
    RadiaBeam, Santa Monica, California, USA
 
  Funding: Department of Energy Office of Science DE-SC0009531
RadiaBeam Technologies is currently developing a non-linear magnet insert for Fermilab's Integrable Optics Test Accelerator (IOTA), a 150 MeV circulating electron beam storage ring designed for investigating advanced beam physics concepts. The physics requirements of the insert demand a high level of precision in magnet geometry, magnet axis alignment, and corresponding alignment of the vacuum chamber geometry within the magnet modules to maximize chamber aperture size. Here we report on the design and manufacturing of the vacuum chamber, magnet manufacturing, and kinematic systems.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-TUPOB39  
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WEPOA17 On the Possibility of Using Nonlinear Elements for Landau Damping in High-Intensity Beams ion, octupole, insertion, electron 729
 
  • E. Gianfelice-Wendt, Y.I. Alexahin, V.A. Lebedev, A. Valishev
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
 
  Funding: Work supported by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. DOE
Direct space-charge force shifts the incoherent tunes down from the coherent ones switching off Landau damping of coherent oscillations at high beam intensity. To restore it the nonlinear elements can be employed which move back tunes of large amplitude particles. In the present report we consider the possibility of creating a "nonlinear integrable optics" insertion in the Fermilab Recycler to host either octupoles or hollow electron lens for this purpose. For comparison we also consider the classic scheme with distributed octupole families. It is shown that for the Proton Improvement Plan II parameters the required nonlinear tuneshift can be created without destroying the dynamic aperture.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-WEPOA17  
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WEPOA22 nuPIL - Neutrinos from a PIon Beam Line ion, lattice, proton, detector 739
 
  • A. Liu, A.D. Bross
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  • J.-B. Lagrange
    Imperial College of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
 
  The Fermilab Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) was proposed to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy and demonstrate leptonic CP violation. The current design of the facility that produces the neutrino beam (LBNF) uses magnetic horns to collect pions and a decay pipe to allow them to decay. In this paper, a design of a possible alternative for the conventional neutrino beam in LBNF is presented. In this design, an FFAG magnet beam line is used to collect the pions from the downstream face of a horn, bend them by  ∼ 5.8 degrees and then transport them in either a LBNF-like decay pipe, or a straight FODO beam line where they decay to produce neutrinos. Using neutrinos from this PIon beam Line (nuPIL) provides flavor-pure neutrino beams that can be well understood by implementing standard beam measurement technology. The neutrino flux and the resulting δCP sensitivity from the current version of nuPIL design are also presented in the paper.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-WEPOA22  
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WEB4CO03 RF Calibration of CEBAF Linac Cavities Through Phase Shifts ion, cavity, linac, simulation 870
 
  • A. Carpenter, J. F. Benesch, C.J. Slominski
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
 
  Funding: Authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177.
This paper describes a new beam-based method of cavity energy gain calibration based on varying the cavity phase. This method can be fully automated and allows a larger range of momentum excursions during measurement than previous calibration approaches. Monte Carlo simulations suggest that a calibration precision of 2-3% could be realistically achieved using this method. During the commissioning of the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility's (CEBAF) energy upgrade to 12 GeV, 876 measurements were performed on 375 of the 400 linac cavities in Fall 2015 and applied December 2015. Linac optics appears to be closer to design as a result. The resulting ensemble proved to be 2% over the value needed to get the desired energy in the arcs. Continued offline analysis of the data has allowed for error analysis and better understanding of the process.
 
slides icon Slides WEB4CO03 [2.413 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-WEB4CO03  
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WEPOB15 Comparison of Nonlinear Dynamics Optimization Methods for APS-U ion, lattice, sextupole, octupole 924
 
  • Y.P. Sun, M. Borland
    ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA
 
  Many different objectives and genetic algorithms have been proposed for storage ring nonlinear dynamics performance optimization. These optimization objectives include nonlinear chromaticities and driving/detuning terms, on-momentum and off-momentum dynamic acceptance, chromatic detuning, local momentum acceptance, variation of transverse invariant, Touschek lifetime, etc. In this paper, the effectiveness of several different optimization methods and objectives are compared for the nonlinear beam dynamics optimization of the Advanced Photon Source upgrade (APS-U) lattice. The optimized solutions from these different methods are preliminarily compared in terms of the dynamic acceptance, local momentum acceptance, chromatic detuning, and other performance measures.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-WEPOB15  
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THPOA06 CSR-Immune Arc Compressors for Recirculating Accelerators Driving High Brightness Electron Beams ion, emittance, dipole, sextupole 1108
 
  • S. Di Mitri, M. Cornacchia
    Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy
 
  The advent of short electron bunches in high brightness linear accelerators has raised the awareness of the accelerator community to the degradation of the beam transverse emittance by coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR) emitted in magnetic bunch length compressors, transfer lines and turnaround arcs. We reformulate the concept of CSR-driven beam optics balance, and apply it to the general case of varying bunch length in an achromatic cell*. The dependence of the CSR-perturbed emittance to beam optics, mean energy, and bunch charge is shown. The analytical findings are compared with particle tracking results**. Practical considerations on CSR-induced energy loss and nonlinear particle dynamics are included. As a result, we identify the range of parameters that allows feasibility of an arc compressor in a recirculating accelerator driving, for example, a free electron laser or a linear collider.
*S. Di Mitri and M. Cornacchia, EPL, 109 (2015) 62002
**S. Di Mitri, NIM A 806 (2016) 184'192
 
poster icon Poster THPOA06 [0.616 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-THPOA06  
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THPOA15 Adaptive Space Charge Calculations in MADX-SC ion, emittance, simulation, resonance 1126
 
  • Y.I. Alexahin, V.V. Kapin, A. Valishev
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  • F. Schmidt, R. Wasef
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
 
  Funding: Work supported by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. DOE
Since a few years MAD-X allows to simulate beam dynamics with frozen space charge à la Basseti-Erskine. The limitation of simulation with a fixed distribution is somewhat overcome by an adaptive approach that consists of updating the emittances once per turn and by recalculating the Twiss parameters after certain intervals, typically every 1,000 turns to avoid an excessive slowdown of the simulations. The technique has been benchmarked for the PS machines over 800, 000 turns. MADX-SC code developments are being discussed that include the re-introduction of acceleration into MAD-X and more advanced beam σ calculations that will avoid code interruptions for the Twiss parameters calculation.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-THPOA15  
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THPOA17 Computing Eigen-Emittances from Tracking Data ion, emittance, simulation, controls 1132
 
  • Y.I. Alexahin
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
 
  Funding: Work supported by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. DOE
In a strongly nonlinear system the particle distribution in the phase space may develop long tails which contribution to the covariance (σ) matrix should be suppressed for a correct estimate of the beam emittance. A method is offered based on Gaussian approximation of the original particle distribution in the phase space (Klimontovich distribution) which leads to an equation for the σ matrix which provides efficient suppression of the tails and cannot be obtained by introducing weights. This equation is easily solved by iterations in the multi-dimensional case. It is also shown how the eigen-emittances and coupled optics functions can be retrieved from the σ matrix in a strongly coupled system.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-THPOA17  
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THPOA19 Design Considerations for Proposed Fermilab Integrable RCS ion, lattice, booster, proton 1138
 
  • J.S. Eldred, A. Valishev
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
 
  Integrable optics is an innovation in particle accelerator design that provides strong nonlinear focusing while avoiding parametric resonances. One promising application of integrable optics is to overcome the traditional limits on accelerator intensity imposed by betatron tune-spread and collective instabilities. The efficacy of high-intensity integrable accelerators will be undergo comprehensive testing over the next several years at the Fermilab Integrable Optics Test Accelerator (IOTA) and the University of Maryland Electron Ring (UMER). We propose an integrable RCS (iRCS) as a replacement for the Fermilab Booster to achieve multi-MW beam power for the Fermilab high-energy neutrino program. We provide a overview of the machine parameters and discuss an approach to lattice optimization. Integrable optics requires arcs with integer-pi phase advance followed by drifts with matched beta functions. We provide an example integrable lattice with features of a modern RCS - long dispersion-free drifts, low momentum compaction, superperiodicity, chromaticity correction, separate-function magnets, and bounded beta functions.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-THPOA19  
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THPOA29 PIP-II Transfer Lines Design ion, booster, linac, dipole 1161
 
  • A. Vivoli
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
 
  The U.S. Particle Physics Project Prioritization Panel (P5) report encouraged the realization of Fermilab's Proton Improvement Plan II (PIP-II) to support future neutrino programs in the United States. PIP-II aims at enhancing the capabilities of the Fermilab existing accelerator complex while simultaneously providing a flexible platform for its future upgrades. The central part of PIP-II project is the construction of a new 800 MeV H Superconducting (SC) Linac together with upgrades of the Booster and Main Injector synchrotrons. New transfer lines will also be needed to deliver beam to the downstream accelerators and facilities. In this paper we present the recent development of the design of the transfer lines discussing the principles that guided their design, the constraints and requirements imposed by the existing accelerator complex and the following modifications implemented to comply with a better understanding of the limitations and further requirements that emerged during the development of the project.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-THPOA29  
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THPOA65 Double Triple Bend Achromat for Next Generation 3 GeV Light Sources ion, injection, lattice, SRF 1237
 
  • A. Alekou, R. Bartolini
    Oxford University, Physics Department, Oxford, Oxon, United Kingdom
  • A. Alekou, R. Bartolini
    JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom
  • A. Alekou, R. Bartolini, T. Pulampong, R.P. Walker
    DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
  • N. Carmignani, S.M. Liuzzo, P. Raimondi
    ESRF, Grenoble, France
 
  The Double Triple Bend Achromat (DTBA) is a newly designed cell for a next generation 3 GeV synchrotron light source. DTBA is inspired by the Double-Double Bend Achromat (DDBA) cell designed for Diamond and originates from a modification of the ESRF HMBA 6 GeV cell, combining in this way the best characteristics of each lattice. The lattice achieves a natural emittance as low as 131 pm, together with a sufficient Dynamic Aperture (DA) for injection and lifetime. Two cells are designed with different end-drift lengths providing two different Long Straight Sections (LSS) for insertion devices, 5 and 7.5 m long, in addition to a new middle-straight section of 3 m. The characteristics of the lattice together with the results on emittance, DA and Touschek lifetime are presented after extensive linear and non-linear optimisations, with and without the presence of errors and corrections.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-THPOA65  
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THB3IO01 Development of a High Brightness Source for Fast Neutron Imaging* ion, neutron, target, linac 1260
 
  • B. Rusnak, S.G. Anderson, D.L. Bleuel, M.L. Crank, P. Fitsos, D.J. Gibson, M. Hall, M.S. Johnson, R.A. Marsh, J.D. Sain, R. Souza, A. Wiedrick
    LLNL, Livermore, California, USA
 
  Funding: *This work performed under the auspices of the U. S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344.
Lawrence Livermore National Lab is developing an intense, high-brightness fast neutron source to create high resolution neutron radiographs and images. An intense source (1011 n/s/sr at 0 degrees) of fast neutrons (10 MeV) allows: penetrating very thick, dense objects; maintaining high scintillator response efficiency; and remaining below the air activation threshold for (n,p) reactions. Fast neutrons will be produced using a pulsed 7 MeV, 300 microamp average-current commercial ion accelerator that will deliver deuterons to a 3 atmosphere deuterium gas cell. To achieve high resolution, a small (1.5 mm diameter) beam spot size will be used, and to reduce scattering from lower energy neutrons, a transmission gas cell will be used to produce a quasi-monoenergetic neutron beam. Because of the high power density of such a tightly focused, modest-energy ion beam, the gas target is a major engineering challenge that combines a 'windowless' rotating aperture, a rotary valve to meter cross-flowing high pressure gases, a novel gas beam stop, and recirculating gas compressor systems. A summary of the progress of the system design and building effort shall be presented.
 
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DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-THB3IO01  
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