NAPAC2016 - List of Keywords (storage-ring)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOA2IO02	The BNL EBPM Electronics, High Performance for Next Generation Storage Rings	ion, feedback, operation, experiment	1
	K. Vetter ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA W.X. Cheng, J. Mead, B. Podobedov, Y. Tian BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	Funding: DOE contract DE-AC02-98CH10886 A custom state-of-the-art RF BPM (EBPM) has been developed and commissioned at the Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II). A collaboration between Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) Advanced Light Source (ALS) and BNL has proven to be a key element in the success of the NSLS-II EBPM. High stability coherent signal processing has allowed for demonstrated 200nm RMS spatial resolution and true turn-by-turn position measurement capability. Sub-micron 24 hr. stability has been demonstrated at NSLS-II by use of 0.01C RMS thermal regulation of the electronics racks without the need of active pilot tone correction.
	Slides MOA2IO02 [4.334 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-MOA2IO02
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MOPOB06	MAX IV and Solaris Linac Magnets Production Series Measurement Results	ion, linac, gun, septum	79
	M.A.G. Johansson MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Lund, Sweden R. Nietubyć NCBJ, Świerk/Otwock, Poland
	The linacs of the MAX IV and Solaris synchrotron radiation light sources, currently in operation in Lund, Sweden, and Kraków, Poland, use various conventional magnet designs. The production series of totally more than 100 magnets of more than 10 types or variants, which were all outsourced to industry, with combined orders for the types that are common to both MAX IV and Solaris, were completed in 2013 with mechanical and magnetic QA conforming to specifications. This article presents an overview of the different magnet types installed in these machines, and mechanical and magnetic measurement results of the full production series.
	Poster MOPOB06 [2.535 MB]
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MOPOB07	Off-Orbit Ray Tracing Analysis for the APS-Upgrade Storage Ring Vacuum System	ion, vacuum, photon, site	82
	J.A. Carter, K.C. Harkay, B.K. Stillwell ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA
	Funding: Argonne National Laboratory's work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. A MatLab program has been created to investigate off-orbit ray tracing possibilities for the APS-Upgrade stor-age ring vacuum system design. The goals for the pro-gram include calculating worst case thermal loading conditions and finding minimum shielding heights for photon absorbers. The program computes the deviation possibilities of synchrotron radiation rays emitted along bending magnet paths using discretized local phase space ellipses. The sizes of the ellipses are computed based on multi-bend achromat (MBA) lattice parameters and the limiting aperture size within the future storage ring vacuum system. For absorber height calculations, rays are projected from each point in the discretized ellipse to the locations of downstream absorbers. The absorber heights are mini-mized while protecting downstream components from all possible rays. For heat loads, rays are projected until they hit a vacuum chamber wall. The area and linear power densities are calculated based on a ray's distance trav-elled and striking incidence angle. A set of worse case local heat loads is collected revealing a maximum condi-tion that each vacuum component must be designed to withstand.
	Poster MOPOB07 [12.749 MB]
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MOPOB11	Research and Development on the Storage Ring Vacuum System for the APS Upgrade Project	ion, photon, vacuum, impedance	92
	B.K. Stillwell, B. Brajuskovic, J.A. Carter, H. Cease, R.M. Lill, G. Navrotski, J. R. Noonan, K.J. Suthar, D.R. Walters, G.E. Wiemerslage, J. Zientek ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA M.P. Sangroula IIT, Chicago, Illinois, USA
	Funding: UChicago Argonne, LLC, operator of Argonne National Laboratory, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. A number of research and development activities are underway at Argonne National Laboratory to build confidence in the designs for the storage ring vacuum system required for the Advanced Photon Source Upgrade project (APS-U) [1]. The predominant technical risks are: excessive residual gas pressures during operation, insufficient beam position monitor stability, excessive beam impedance, excessive heating by induced electrical surface currents, and insufficient operational reliability. Present efforts to mitigate these risks include: building and evaluating mock-up assemblies, performing mechanical testing of chamber weld joints, developing computational tools, investigating design alternatives, and performing electrical bench measurements. Status of these activities and some of what has been learned to date will be shared. *B. Stillwell et al., Conceptual Design of a Storage Ring Vacuum System Compatible with Implementation of a Seven Bend Achromat Lattice at the APS, in Proc. IPAC'14, Dresden, Germany, 2409-2411.
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TUB2IO01	Accelerator Physics Challenges in the Design of Multi Bend Achromat Based Storage Rings	ion, lattice, emittance, injection	278
	M. Borland ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA R.O. Hettel SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA S.C. Leemann MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Lund, Sweden D. Robin LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
	Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. With the recent success in commissioning of MAX IV, the multi-bend achromat (MBA) lattice has begun to deliver on its promise to usher in a new generation of higher-brightness synchrotron light sources. In this paper, we begin by reviewing the challenges, recent success, and lessons learned of the MAX-IV project. Drawing on these lessons, we then describe the physics challenges in even more ambitious rings and how these can be met. In addition, we touch on engineering issues and choices that are tightly linked with the physics design.
	Slides TUB2IO01 [3.723 MB]
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TUPOA58	Minimization of Emittance at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring With Sloppy Models	ion, emittance, simulation, lattice	402
	W.F. Bergan, A.C. Bartnik, I.V. Bazarov, H. He, D. L. Rubin Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA J.P. Sethna Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
	Funding: DOE DE-SC0013571 NSF DGE-1144153 Our current method to minimize the vertical emittance of the beam at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring (CESR) involves measurement and correction of the dispersion, coupling, and orbit of the beam and lets us reach emittances of 10 pm, but is limited by finite dispersion measurement resolution.* For further improvement in the vertical emittance, we propose using a method based on the theory of sloppy models.** The storage ring lattice permits us to identify the dependence of the dispersion and emittance on our corrector magnets, and taking the singular value decomposition of the dispersion/corrector Jacobian gives us the combinations of these magnets which will be effective knobs for emittance tuning, ordered by singular value. These knobs will permit us to empirically tune the emittance based on direct measurements of the vertical beam size. Simulations show that when starting from a lattice with realistic alignment errors which has been corrected by our existing method to have an emittance of a few pm, this new method will enable us to reduce the emittance to nearly the quantum limit, assuming that vertical dispersion is the primary source of our residual emittance. * J. Shanks, D.L. Rubin, and D. Sagan, Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 17, 044003 (2014). ** K.S. Brown and J.P. Sethna, Phys. Rev. E 68, 021904 (2003).
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TUPOA71	Beam Stability During Top Off Operation at NSLS-II Storage Ring	ion, feedback, injection, operation	425
	W.X. Cheng, B. Bacha, Y. Li, O. Singh, Y. Tian BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	NSLS-II storage ring started top off operation since Oct 2015. User operation current has been gradually increased to 250mA. Observations of beam stabilities during top-off operations will be presented. Total beam current was typically maintained within ±0.5% and bunch to bunch current variation was less than 20%. Injection transition during top-off was measured bunch by bunch digitizer, and BPM to analyze the orbit motion at various bandwidths (turn by turn, 10kHz and 10Hz rate). Coupled bunch unstable motions were monitored. As the vacuum pressure improves, fast-ion instability is not as severe compared to early stage of commissioning/operation, but still observed as the dominant instability. Resistive wall instability is noticed as more in-vacuum-undulator (IVU) gaps closed. xBPM measured photon stability and electron beam stability at top off injection have been evaluated. Short term and long term orbit stabilities will be reported.
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TUB3IO01	Commissioning of the Max IV Light Source	ion, MMI, cavity, vacuum	439
	P.F. Tavares, E. Al-Dmour, Å. Andersson, M. Eriksson, M.J. Grabski, M.A.G. Johansson, S.C. Leemann, L. Malmgren, M. Sjöström, S. Thorin MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
	The MAX IV facility, currently under commissioning in Lund, Sweden, features two electron storage rings operated at 3 GeV and 1.5 GeV and optimized for the hard X-ray and soft X-ray/VUV spectral ranges, respectively. A 3 GeV linear accelerator serves as a full-energy injector into both rings as well as a driver for a short-pulse facility, in which undulators produce X-ray pulses as short as 100 fs. In this paper, we briefly review the overall facility layout and design concepts and focus on recent results obtained in commissioning of the accelerators with an emphasis on the ultralow emittance 3 GeV ring, the first light source using a multibend achromat.
	Slides TUB3IO01 [6.269 MB]
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TUPOB19	FEL Wiggler Bussbar Field Compensation	ion, wiggler, FEL, electron	532
	B. Li, H. Hao, Y.K. Wu FEL/Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA J.Y. Li USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
	Abstract The Duke storage ring is a dedicated driver for the storage ring based free-electron laser (FEL) and the High Intensity Gamma-ray Source (HIGS). The high intensity gamma-ray beam is produced using Compton scattering between the electron and FEL photon beams. The beam displacement and angle at the collision point need to be maintained constant during the gamma-ray beam production. The magnetic field of the copper bussbars carrying the current to the FEL wigglers can impact the beam orbit. The compensation scheme in-general is complicated. In this work, we report preliminary results of a bussbar compensation scheme for one of the wiggler and power supply configurations. Significant reductions of the orbit distortions have been realized using this compensation.
	Poster TUPOB19 [3.693 MB]
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TUPOB51	A NUMERICAL STUDY OF THE MICROWAVE INSTABILITY AT APS	ion, simulation, vacuum, experiment	602
	A. Blednykh, G. Bassi, V.V. Smaluk BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA R.R. Lindberg ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA
	Funding: This work was supported by Department of Energy contract DE-AC02-98CH10886. Two particle tracking codes, ELEGANT and SPACE, have been used to simulate the microwave instability in the APS storage ring. The total longitudinal wakepotential for the APS vacuum components, computed by GdfidL, has been used as the input file for the simulations. The numerical results have been compared with bunch length and the energy spread measurements for different single-bunch intensities.
	Poster TUPOB51 [1.032 MB]
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TUPOB61	Recent Improvements to TAPAs, the Android Application for Accelerator Physics and Engineering Calculations	ion, lattice, cavity, emittance	625
	M. Borland Private Address, Westmont, USA
	The Android application TAPAs, the Toolkit for Accelerator Physics on Androids, was released in 2012 and at present has over 300 users. TAPAs provides over 50 calculations, many of which are coupled together. Updates are released about once a month and have provided many new capabilities. Calculations for electron storage rings are a particular emphasis, and have expanded to include CSR threshold, ion trapping, Laslett tune shift, and emittance dilution. Other additions include helical superconducting undulators, rf cavity properties, Compton backscattering, and temperature calculations for mixing water.
	Poster TUPOB61 [2.925 MB]
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WEPOA46	The Muon Injection Simulation Study for the Muon g-2 Experiment at Fermilab	ion, kicker, simulation, injection	803
	S-C. Kim Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA N.S. Froemming University of Washington, CENPA, Seattle, USA D. L. Rubin Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA D. Stratakis Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	Funding: Operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. De-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy. The new experiment, under construction at Fermilab, to measure the muon magnetic moment anomaly, aims to reduce measurement uncertainty by a factor of four to 140 ppb. The required statistics depend on efficient production and delivery of the highly polarized muon beams from production target into the g-2 storage ring at the design "magic"-momentum of 3.094 GeV/c, with minimal pion and proton contamination. We have developed the simulation tools for the muon transport based on G4Beamline and BMAD, from the target station, through the pion decay line and delivery ring and into the storage ring, ending with detection of decay positrons. These simulation tools are being used for the optimization of the various beam line guide field parameters related to the muon capture efficiency, and the evaluation of systematic measurement uncertainties. We describe the details of the model and some key findings of the study.
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WEPOB12	Multi-Objective Online Optimization of Beam Lifetime at APS	ion, sextupole, lattice, simulation	913
	Y.P. Sun ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA
	In this paper, online optimization of beam lifetime at the APS (Advanced Photon Source) storage ring is presented. A general genetic algorithm (GA) is developed and employed for some online optimizations in the APS storage ring. Sextupole magnets in 40 sectors of the APS storage ring are employed as variables for the online nonlinear beam dynamics optimization. The algorithm employs several optimization objectives and is designed to run with topup mode or beam current decay mode. Up to 50\% improvement of beam lifetime is demonstrated, without affecting the transverse beam sizes and other relevant parameters. In some cases, the top-up injection efficiency is also improved.
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WEPOB13	Online Minimization of Vertical Beam Sizes at APS	ion, operation, lattice, photon	916
	Y.P. Sun ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA
	In this paper, online minimization of vertical beam sizes along the APS (Advanced Photon Source) storage ring is presented. A genetic algorithm (GA) was developed and employed for the online optimization in the APS storage ring. A total of 59 families of skew quadrupole magnets were employed as knobs to adjust the coupling and the vertical dispersion in the APS storage ring. Starting from initially zero current skew quadrupoles, small vertical beam sizes along the APS storage ring were achieved in a short optimization time of one hour. The optimization results from this method are briefly compared with the one from LOCO (Linear Optics from Closed Orbits) response matrix correction.
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WEPOB21	Benchmarking of Touschek Beam Lifetime Calculations for the Advanced Photon Source	ion, synchrotron, scattering, coupling	940
	A. Xiao, B.X. Yang ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA
	Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Particle loss from Touschek scattering is one of the most significant issues faced by present and future synchrotron light source storage rings. For example, the predicted, Touschek-dominated beam lifetime for the Advanced Photon Source (APS) Upgrade lattice in 48-bunch, 200-mA timing mode is only ~2 h. In order to understand the reliability of the predicted lifetime, a series of measurements with various beam parameters was performed on the present APS storage ring. This paper first describes the entire process of beam lifetime measurement, then compares measured lifetime with the calculated one by applying the measured beam parameters. The results show very good agreement.
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THA1CO03	MAX IV and Solaris 1.5 GeV Storage Rings Magnet Block Production Series Measurement Results	ion, synchrotron, lattice, magnet-design	1058
	M.A.G. Johansson MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Lund, Sweden K. Karaś Solaris National Synchrotron Radiation Centre, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland R. Nietubyć NCBJ, Świerk/Otwock, Poland
	The magnet design of the MAX IV and Solaris 1.5 GeV storage rings replaces the conventional support girder + discrete magnets scheme of previous third-generation synchrotron radiation light sources with an integrated design having several consecutive magnet elements precision-machined out of a common solid iron block, with mechanical tolerances of ±0.02 mm over the 4.5 m block length. The production series of 12+12 integrated magnet block units, which was totally outsourced to industry, was completed in the spring of 2015, with mechanical and magnetic QA conforming to specifications. This article presents mechanical and magnetic field measurement results of the full production series.
	Slides THA1CO03 [7.517 MB]
	Poster THA1CO03 [1.117 MB]
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THA2IO02	High Gradient PM Technology for Ultra-High Brightness Rings	ion, quadrupole, HOM, radiation	1077
	G. Le Bec, J. Chavanne ESRF, Grenoble, France
	Permanent magnets have long been major components in accelerator-based light sources, particularly as a part of insertion devices. However, their use as main lattice magnets (dipoles, quadrupoles) has been so far somewhat limited. The present trend towards small magnet apertures, exemplified by various multibend achromat designs currently under commissioning or design/construction opens up the discussion once more on the large-scale use of permanent magnets as a means to achieve extremely high gradients in future diffraction-limited storage rings. This paper will review the current R&D programs on the use of permanent magnets in the lattice of high brightness storage rings.
	Slides THA2IO02 [5.770 MB]
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THPOA07	Probablistic Estimation of Low Energy Electron Trapping in Quadrupoles	ion, electron, quadrupole, simulation	1112
	K.G. Sonnad KEK, Ibaraki, Japan J.A. Crittenden, K.G. Sonnad Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
	Electron cloud formation in quadrupoles is important for storage rings because they have the potential of being trapped for a time period that exceeds the revolution period of the beam. This can result in a turn by turn build up of cloud, that could potentially interfere with beam motion. The mechanism of electron trapping can be understood based on dynamics associated with the motion of an isolated charged particle in a magnetic field. In such a system, energy is conserved and so is the magnetic moment of the gyrating electron which is an adiabatic invariant. This leads to determination of a so called loss cone in velocity space. Using these principles we describe a method to estimate the probability distribution of trapping across the cross-section of a quadrupole for a given field gradient and electron energy. Such an estimate can serve as a precursor to more detailed numerical studies of electron cloud build and trapping in quadrupoles.
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THPOA58	Multiple Bunch Length Operation Mode Design at HLS-II Storage Ring	ion, cavity, lattice, radiation	1220
	W.W. Gao Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China W. Li, L. Wang USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
	Funding: * Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.11305170) In this paper we design a simultaneous three bunch length operating mode at the HLS-II (Hefei Light Source II) storage ring by installing two harmonic cavities and minimizing the momentum compaction factor. The short bunches (2.6 mm) presented in this work will meet the requirement of coherent THz radiation experiments, and the long bunches (20 mm) will efficiently increase the total beam current. Therefore, this multiple-bunch-length operating mode allows present synchrotron users and THz users to carry out their experiments simultaneously. Also we analyzed the physical properties such as the CSR effect, RF jitter and Touschek lifetime of this operating mode.
	Poster THPOA58 [0.611 MB]
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THPOA62	Clearing Magnet Design for APS-U	ion, electron, permanent-magnet, vacuum	1228
	M. Abliz, J.H. Grimmer, Y. Jaski, M. Ramanathan, F. Westferro ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA
	Abstract Advanced Photon Source is in the process of developing an upgrade of the storage ring. The Upgrade will be converting the current double bend lattice to a multi-bend lattice (MBA). In addition, the storage ring will be operated at 6 GeV and 200 mA with regular swap-out injection to keep the stored beam current constant. The swap-out injection will take place with beamline shutters open. For radiation safety to ensure that no electrons can exit the storage ring, a passive method of protecting the beamline and containing the electrons inside the storage ring tunnel is proposed. A clearing magnet will be located in all beamline front ends inside the storage ring tunnel. This article will discuss the principle, design and mechanical design of the clearing magnet scheme for the APS-Upgrade.
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THPOA64	MAX IV Storage Ring Magnet Installation Procedure	ion, vacuum, MMI, operation	1234
	K. Åhnberg, M.A.G. Johansson, P.F. Tavares, L. Thånell MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
	The MAX IV facility consists of a 3 GeV storage ring, a 1.5 GeV storage ring and a full energy injector linac. The storage ring magnets are based on an integrated "magnet block" concept. Each magnet block holds several consecutive magnet elements. The 3 GeV ring consists of 140 magnet blocks and 1.5 GeV ring has 12 magnet blocks. During the installation, procedures were developed to guarantee block straightness. This article discusses the installation procedure from a mechanical point of view and presents measurement data of block straightness and ring performance.
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Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

MOA2IO02

The BNL EBPM Electronics, High Performance for Next Generation Storage Rings

ion, feedback, operation, experiment

1

K. Vetter
ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
W.X. Cheng, J. Mead, B. Podobedov, Y. Tian
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA

Funding: DOE contract DE-AC02-98CH10886
A custom state-of-the-art RF BPM (EBPM) has been developed and commissioned at the Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II). A collaboration between Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) Advanced Light Source (ALS) and BNL has proven to be a key element in the success of the NSLS-II EBPM. High stability coherent signal processing has allowed for demonstrated 200nm RMS spatial resolution and true turn-by-turn position measurement capability. Sub-micron 24 hr. stability has been demonstrated at NSLS-II by use of 0.01C RMS thermal regulation of the electronics racks without the need of active pilot tone correction.

Slides MOA2IO02 [4.334 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-MOA2IO02

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MOPOB06

MAX IV and Solaris Linac Magnets Production Series Measurement Results

ion, linac, gun, septum

79

M.A.G. Johansson
MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
R. Nietubyć
NCBJ, Świerk/Otwock, Poland

The linacs of the MAX IV and Solaris synchrotron radiation light sources, currently in operation in Lund, Sweden, and Kraków, Poland, use various conventional magnet designs. The production series of totally more than 100 magnets of more than 10 types or variants, which were all outsourced to industry, with combined orders for the types that are common to both MAX IV and Solaris, were completed in 2013 with mechanical and magnetic QA conforming to specifications. This article presents an overview of the different magnet types installed in these machines, and mechanical and magnetic measurement results of the full production series.

Poster MOPOB06 [2.535 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-MOPOB06

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MOPOB07

Off-Orbit Ray Tracing Analysis for the APS-Upgrade Storage Ring Vacuum System

ion, vacuum, photon, site

82

J.A. Carter, K.C. Harkay, B.K. Stillwell
ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA

Funding: Argonne National Laboratory's work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357.
A MatLab program has been created to investigate off-orbit ray tracing possibilities for the APS-Upgrade stor-age ring vacuum system design. The goals for the pro-gram include calculating worst case thermal loading conditions and finding minimum shielding heights for photon absorbers. The program computes the deviation possibilities of synchrotron radiation rays emitted along bending magnet paths using discretized local phase space ellipses. The sizes of the ellipses are computed based on multi-bend achromat (MBA) lattice parameters and the limiting aperture size within the future storage ring vacuum system. For absorber height calculations, rays are projected from each point in the discretized ellipse to the locations of downstream absorbers. The absorber heights are mini-mized while protecting downstream components from all possible rays. For heat loads, rays are projected until they hit a vacuum chamber wall. The area and linear power densities are calculated based on a ray's distance trav-elled and striking incidence angle. A set of worse case local heat loads is collected revealing a maximum condi-tion that each vacuum component must be designed to withstand.

Poster MOPOB07 [12.749 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-NAPAC2016-MOPOB07

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MOPOB11

Research and Development on the Storage Ring Vacuum System for the APS Upgrade Project

ion, photon, vacuum, impedance

92

B.K. Stillwell, B. Brajuskovic, J.A. Carter, H. Cease, R.M. Lill, G. Navrotski, J. R. Noonan, K.J. Suthar, D.R. Walters, G.E. Wiemerslage, J. Zientek
ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA
M.P. Sangroula
IIT, Chicago, Illinois, USA

Funding: UChicago Argonne, LLC, operator of Argonne National Laboratory, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
A number of research and development activities are underway at Argonne National Laboratory to build confidence in the designs for the storage ring vacuum system required for the Advanced Photon Source Upgrade project (APS-U) [1]. The predominant technical risks are: excessive residual gas pressures during operation, insufficient beam position monitor stability, excessive beam impedance, excessive heating by induced electrical surface currents, and insufficient operational reliability. Present efforts to mitigate these risks include: building and evaluating mock-up assemblies, performing mechanical testing of chamber weld joints, developing computational tools, investigating design alternatives, and performing electrical bench measurements. Status of these activities and some of what has been learned to date will be shared.
*B. Stillwell et al., Conceptual Design of a Storage Ring Vacuum System Compatible with Implementation of a Seven Bend Achromat Lattice at the APS, in Proc. IPAC'14, Dresden, Germany, 2409-2411.

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TUB2IO01

Accelerator Physics Challenges in the Design of Multi Bend Achromat Based Storage Rings

ion, lattice, emittance, injection

278

M. Borland
ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA
R.O. Hettel
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
S.C. Leemann
MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
D. Robin
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA

Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
With the recent success in commissioning of MAX IV, the multi-bend achromat (MBA) lattice has begun to deliver on its promise to usher in a new generation of higher-brightness synchrotron light sources. In this paper, we begin by reviewing the challenges, recent success, and lessons learned of the MAX-IV project. Drawing on these lessons, we then describe the physics challenges in even more ambitious rings and how these can be met. In addition, we touch on engineering issues and choices that are tightly linked with the physics design.

Slides TUB2IO01 [3.723 MB]

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TUPOA58

Minimization of Emittance at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring With Sloppy Models

ion, emittance, simulation, lattice

402

W.F. Bergan, A.C. Bartnik, I.V. Bazarov, H. He, D. L. Rubin
Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
J.P. Sethna
Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA

Funding: DOE DE-SC0013571 NSF DGE-1144153
Our current method to minimize the vertical emittance of the beam at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring (CESR) involves measurement and correction of the dispersion, coupling, and orbit of the beam and lets us reach emittances of 10 pm, but is limited by finite dispersion measurement resolution.* For further improvement in the vertical emittance, we propose using a method based on the theory of sloppy models.** The storage ring lattice permits us to identify the dependence of the dispersion and emittance on our corrector magnets, and taking the singular value decomposition of the dispersion/corrector Jacobian gives us the combinations of these magnets which will be effective knobs for emittance tuning, ordered by singular value. These knobs will permit us to empirically tune the emittance based on direct measurements of the vertical beam size. Simulations show that when starting from a lattice with realistic alignment errors which has been corrected by our existing method to have an emittance of a few pm, this new method will enable us to reduce the emittance to nearly the quantum limit, assuming that vertical dispersion is the primary source of our residual emittance.
* J. Shanks, D.L. Rubin, and D. Sagan, Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 17, 044003 (2014).
** K.S. Brown and J.P. Sethna, Phys. Rev. E 68, 021904 (2003).

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TUPOA71

Beam Stability During Top Off Operation at NSLS-II Storage Ring

ion, feedback, injection, operation

425

W.X. Cheng, B. Bacha, Y. Li, O. Singh, Y. Tian
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA

NSLS-II storage ring started top off operation since Oct 2015. User operation current has been gradually increased to 250mA. Observations of beam stabilities during top-off operations will be presented. Total beam current was typically maintained within ±0.5% and bunch to bunch current variation was less than 20%. Injection transition during top-off was measured bunch by bunch digitizer, and BPM to analyze the orbit motion at various bandwidths (turn by turn, 10kHz and 10Hz rate). Coupled bunch unstable motions were monitored. As the vacuum pressure improves, fast-ion instability is not as severe compared to early stage of commissioning/operation, but still observed as the dominant instability. Resistive wall instability is noticed as more in-vacuum-undulator (IVU) gaps closed. xBPM measured photon stability and electron beam stability at top off injection have been evaluated. Short term and long term orbit stabilities will be reported.

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TUB3IO01

Commissioning of the Max IV Light Source

ion, MMI, cavity, vacuum

439

P.F. Tavares, E. Al-Dmour, Å. Andersson, M. Eriksson, M.J. Grabski, M.A.G. Johansson, S.C. Leemann, L. Malmgren, M. Sjöström, S. Thorin
MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

The MAX IV facility, currently under commissioning in Lund, Sweden, features two electron storage rings operated at 3 GeV and 1.5 GeV and optimized for the hard X-ray and soft X-ray/VUV spectral ranges, respectively. A 3 GeV linear accelerator serves as a full-energy injector into both rings as well as a driver for a short-pulse facility, in which undulators produce X-ray pulses as short as 100 fs. In this paper, we briefly review the overall facility layout and design concepts and focus on recent results obtained in commissioning of the accelerators with an emphasis on the ultralow emittance 3 GeV ring, the first light source using a multibend achromat.

Slides TUB3IO01 [6.269 MB]

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TUPOB19

FEL Wiggler Bussbar Field Compensation

ion, wiggler, FEL, electron

532

B. Li, H. Hao, Y.K. Wu
FEL/Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
J.Y. Li
USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China

Abstract The Duke storage ring is a dedicated driver for the storage ring based free-electron laser (FEL) and the High Intensity Gamma-ray Source (HIGS). The high intensity gamma-ray beam is produced using Compton scattering between the electron and FEL photon beams. The beam displacement and angle at the collision point need to be maintained constant during the gamma-ray beam production. The magnetic field of the copper bussbars carrying the current to the FEL wigglers can impact the beam orbit. The compensation scheme in-general is complicated. In this work, we report preliminary results of a bussbar compensation scheme for one of the wiggler and power supply configurations. Significant reductions of the orbit distortions have been realized using this compensation.

Poster TUPOB19 [3.693 MB]

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TUPOB51

A NUMERICAL STUDY OF THE MICROWAVE INSTABILITY AT APS

ion, simulation, vacuum, experiment

602

A. Blednykh, G. Bassi, V.V. Smaluk
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
R.R. Lindberg
ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA

Funding: This work was supported by Department of Energy contract DE-AC02-98CH10886.
Two particle tracking codes, ELEGANT and SPACE, have been used to simulate the microwave instability in the APS storage ring. The total longitudinal wakepotential for the APS vacuum components, computed by GdfidL, has been used as the input file for the simulations. The numerical results have been compared with bunch length and the energy spread measurements for different single-bunch intensities.

Poster TUPOB51 [1.032 MB]

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TUPOB61

Recent Improvements to TAPAs, the Android Application for Accelerator Physics and Engineering Calculations

ion, lattice, cavity, emittance

625

M. Borland
Private Address, Westmont, USA

The Android application TAPAs, the Toolkit for Accelerator Physics on Androids, was released in 2012 and at present has over 300 users. TAPAs provides over 50 calculations, many of which are coupled together. Updates are released about once a month and have provided many new capabilities. Calculations for electron storage rings are a particular emphasis, and have expanded to include CSR threshold, ion trapping, Laslett tune shift, and emittance dilution. Other additions include helical superconducting undulators, rf cavity properties, Compton backscattering, and temperature calculations for mixing water.

Poster TUPOB61 [2.925 MB]

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WEPOA46

The Muon Injection Simulation Study for the Muon g-2 Experiment at Fermilab

ion, kicker, simulation, injection

803

S-C. Kim
Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
N.S. Froemming
University of Washington, CENPA, Seattle, USA
D. L. Rubin
Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
D. Stratakis
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

Funding: Operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. De-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy.
The new experiment, under construction at Fermilab, to measure the muon magnetic moment anomaly, aims to reduce measurement uncertainty by a factor of four to 140 ppb. The required statistics depend on efficient production and delivery of the highly polarized muon beams from production target into the g-2 storage ring at the design "magic"-momentum of 3.094 GeV/c, with minimal pion and proton contamination. We have developed the simulation tools for the muon transport based on G4Beamline and BMAD, from the target station, through the pion decay line and delivery ring and into the storage ring, ending with detection of decay positrons. These simulation tools are being used for the optimization of the various beam line guide field parameters related to the muon capture efficiency, and the evaluation of systematic measurement uncertainties. We describe the details of the model and some key findings of the study.

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WEPOB12

Multi-Objective Online Optimization of Beam Lifetime at APS

ion, sextupole, lattice, simulation

913

Y.P. Sun
ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA

In this paper, online optimization of beam lifetime at the APS (Advanced Photon Source) storage ring is presented. A general genetic algorithm (GA) is developed and employed for some online optimizations in the APS storage ring. Sextupole magnets in 40 sectors of the APS storage ring are employed as variables for the online nonlinear beam dynamics optimization. The algorithm employs several optimization objectives and is designed to run with topup mode or beam current decay mode. Up to 50\% improvement of beam lifetime is demonstrated, without affecting the transverse beam sizes and other relevant parameters. In some cases, the top-up injection efficiency is also improved.

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WEPOB13

Online Minimization of Vertical Beam Sizes at APS

ion, operation, lattice, photon

916

Y.P. Sun
ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA

In this paper, online minimization of vertical beam sizes along the APS (Advanced Photon Source) storage ring is presented. A genetic algorithm (GA) was developed and employed for the online optimization in the APS storage ring. A total of 59 families of skew quadrupole magnets were employed as knobs to adjust the coupling and the vertical dispersion in the APS storage ring. Starting from initially zero current skew quadrupoles, small vertical beam sizes along the APS storage ring were achieved in a short optimization time of one hour. The optimization results from this method are briefly compared with the one from LOCO (Linear Optics from Closed Orbits) response matrix correction.

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WEPOB21

Benchmarking of Touschek Beam Lifetime Calculations for the Advanced Photon Source

ion, synchrotron, scattering, coupling

940

A. Xiao, B.X. Yang
ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA

Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
Particle loss from Touschek scattering is one of the most significant issues faced by present and future synchrotron light source storage rings. For example, the predicted, Touschek-dominated beam lifetime for the Advanced Photon Source (APS) Upgrade lattice in 48-bunch, 200-mA timing mode is only ~2 h. In order to understand the reliability of the predicted lifetime, a series of measurements with various beam parameters was performed on the present APS storage ring. This paper first describes the entire process of beam lifetime measurement, then compares measured lifetime with the calculated one by applying the measured beam parameters. The results show very good agreement.

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THA1CO03

MAX IV and Solaris 1.5 GeV Storage Rings Magnet Block Production Series Measurement Results

ion, synchrotron, lattice, magnet-design

1058

M.A.G. Johansson
MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
K. Karaś
Solaris National Synchrotron Radiation Centre, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
R. Nietubyć
NCBJ, Świerk/Otwock, Poland

The magnet design of the MAX IV and Solaris 1.5 GeV storage rings replaces the conventional support girder + discrete magnets scheme of previous third-generation synchrotron radiation light sources with an integrated design having several consecutive magnet elements precision-machined out of a common solid iron block, with mechanical tolerances of ±0.02 mm over the 4.5 m block length. The production series of 12+12 integrated magnet block units, which was totally outsourced to industry, was completed in the spring of 2015, with mechanical and magnetic QA conforming to specifications. This article presents mechanical and magnetic field measurement results of the full production series.

Slides THA1CO03 [7.517 MB]

Poster THA1CO03 [1.117 MB]

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THA2IO02

High Gradient PM Technology for Ultra-High Brightness Rings

ion, quadrupole, HOM, radiation

1077

G. Le Bec, J. Chavanne
ESRF, Grenoble, France

Permanent magnets have long been major components in accelerator-based light sources, particularly as a part of insertion devices. However, their use as main lattice magnets (dipoles, quadrupoles) has been so far somewhat limited. The present trend towards small magnet apertures, exemplified by various multibend achromat designs currently under commissioning or design/construction opens up the discussion once more on the large-scale use of permanent magnets as a means to achieve extremely high gradients in future diffraction-limited storage rings. This paper will review the current R&D programs on the use of permanent magnets in the lattice of high brightness storage rings.

Slides THA2IO02 [5.770 MB]

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THPOA07

Probablistic Estimation of Low Energy Electron Trapping in Quadrupoles

ion, electron, quadrupole, simulation

1112

K.G. Sonnad
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
J.A. Crittenden, K.G. Sonnad
Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA

Electron cloud formation in quadrupoles is important for storage rings because they have the potential of being trapped for a time period that exceeds the revolution period of the beam. This can result in a turn by turn build up of cloud, that could potentially interfere with beam motion. The mechanism of electron trapping can be understood based on dynamics associated with the motion of an isolated charged particle in a magnetic field. In such a system, energy is conserved and so is the magnetic moment of the gyrating electron which is an adiabatic invariant. This leads to determination of a so called loss cone in velocity space. Using these principles we describe a method to estimate the probability distribution of trapping across the cross-section of a quadrupole for a given field gradient and electron energy. Such an estimate can serve as a precursor to more detailed numerical studies of electron cloud build and trapping in quadrupoles.

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THPOA58

Multiple Bunch Length Operation Mode Design at HLS-II Storage Ring

ion, cavity, lattice, radiation

1220

W.W. Gao
Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
W. Li, L. Wang
USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China

Funding: * Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.11305170)
In this paper we design a simultaneous three bunch length operating mode at the HLS-II (Hefei Light Source II) storage ring by installing two harmonic cavities and minimizing the momentum compaction factor. The short bunches (2.6 mm) presented in this work will meet the requirement of coherent THz radiation experiments, and the long bunches (20 mm) will efficiently increase the total beam current. Therefore, this multiple-bunch-length operating mode allows present synchrotron users and THz users to carry out their experiments simultaneously. Also we analyzed the physical properties such as the CSR effect, RF jitter and Touschek lifetime of this operating mode.

Poster THPOA58 [0.611 MB]

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THPOA62

Clearing Magnet Design for APS-U

ion, electron, permanent-magnet, vacuum

1228

M. Abliz, J.H. Grimmer, Y. Jaski, M. Ramanathan, F. Westferro
ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA

Abstract Advanced Photon Source is in the process of developing an upgrade of the storage ring. The Upgrade will be converting the current double bend lattice to a multi-bend lattice (MBA). In addition, the storage ring will be operated at 6 GeV and 200 mA with regular swap-out injection to keep the stored beam current constant. The swap-out injection will take place with beamline shutters open. For radiation safety to ensure that no electrons can exit the storage ring, a passive method of protecting the beamline and containing the electrons inside the storage ring tunnel is proposed. A clearing magnet will be located in all beamline front ends inside the storage ring tunnel. This article will discuss the principle, design and mechanical design of the clearing magnet scheme for the APS-Upgrade.

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THPOA64

MAX IV Storage Ring Magnet Installation Procedure

ion, vacuum, MMI, operation

1234

K. Åhnberg, M.A.G. Johansson, P.F. Tavares, L. Thånell
MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

The MAX IV facility consists of a 3 GeV storage ring, a 1.5 GeV storage ring and a full energy injector linac. The storage ring magnets are based on an integrated "magnet block" concept. Each magnet block holds several consecutive magnet elements. The 3 GeV ring consists of 140 magnet blocks and 1.5 GeV ring has 12 magnet blocks. During the installation, procedures were developed to guarantee block straightness. This article discusses the installation procedure from a mechanical point of view and presents measurement data of block straightness and ring performance.

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