Keyword: septum
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MOPAB057 Evaluation of Pulsed Septum Leakage Fields and Compensation for the Advanced Photon Source Upgrade emittance, simulation, power-supply, injection 245
 
  • M. Borland, M.S. Jaski, J. Wang
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
 
  Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
The Advanced Photon Source upgrade is considering two options for injection: vertical-plane injection with a DC Lambertson septum and horizontal-plane injection with a pulsed septum. In the latter case, pulsed leakage fields are a concern as they will cause transient beam motion and emittance dilution. In this paper, we describe results of modeling the effect of such leakage fields on the beam. We also evaluate methods of compensating for the leakage fields, including the limited time response of correction elements. Several septum drive-pulse shapes are considered and compared.
 
poster icon Poster MOPAB057 [2.066 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB057  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 26 May 2021       issue date ※ 02 September 2021  
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MOPAB059 Tools for Use of Generalized Gradient Expansions in Accelerator Simulations lattice, dipole, simulation, quadrupole 253
 
  • M. Borland, R.R. Lindberg, R. Soliday, A. Xiao
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
 
  Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
A common assumption in simulation of accelerators is that the magnets can be approximated using a hard-edge model, perhaps with some edge effects implemented in an impulse approximation. This is usually a good assumption but ignores details of the longitudinal variation of the magnetic fields, which makes it straightforward to implement symplectic tracking. Use of generalized gradient expansions* provides an alternative approach that can suppress numerical deficiencies that may be present in computed or measured 3D field maps. However, the computation of the expansions is not particularly straightforward. In this note, we describe several recently-developed tools that make this process fairly painless and allow tracking with such expansions in the program ELEGANT**. We show several examples of using the tools for simulations related to the Advanced Photon Source Upgrade.
* M. Venturini et al., NIM A 427, 387 (1999).
** M. Borland, Advanced Photon Source LS-287, September 2000
 
poster icon Poster MOPAB059 [4.311 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB059  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 26 May 2021       issue date ※ 18 August 2021  
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MOPAB091 Injection Section Upgrading with the Septum-Magnet Replacement in KEK-PF Ring injection, vacuum, storage-ring, operation 342
 
  • C. Mitsuda, K. Harada, N. Higashi, T. Honda, Y. Kobayashi, H. Miyauchi, S. Nagahashi, N. Nakamura, T. Nogami, T. Obina, M. Tadano, R. Takai, H. Takaki, Y. Tanimoto, T. Uchiyama, A. Ueda
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
 
  In 2015, the water leakage happened at the cooling pipe of the in-vacuum septum magnet installed into the injection point. Because the maintenance of the leakage needed the total replacement of the magnet, the water circulation was stopped permanently, and accordingly, the light absorber was installed upstream in the storage ring to prevent the synchrotron light of the bending magnet from coming to the septum wall. This treatment temporally worked well, but the beam injection efficiency was decreased to about 30% due to the physical aperture narrowed by the absorber. With the desired replacement of septum magnet to maintainable out-vacuum type, the injection section upgrading was simultaneously planned to recover and improve the injection efficiency. In this upgrade, the injection beam is closed to the stored beam more than before by adapting the thinner septum structure as a way to improve the injection efficiency. And some new ideas are introduced in the part of monitor and beam duct, for example, realtime beam monitor, thinner Inconel duct. The detailed design of the upgraded injection section and technical points will be reviewed in this conference.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB091  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 26 May 2021       issue date ※ 02 September 2021  
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MOPAB116 A Flexible Injection Scheme for the ESRF-EBS injection, kicker, SRF, storage-ring 421
 
  • S.M. White, N. Carmignani, L.R. Carver, M. Dubrulle, L. Hoummi, S.M. Liuzzo, M. Morati, T.P. Perron
    ESRF, Grenoble, France
 
  The ESRF-EBS storage ring light source started commissioning in 2019 and successfully resumed users operation in 2020. Due to the smaller emittance and consequently reduced lifetime frequent injections are required that can potentially disturb beam lines experiments. In addition, operating the machine with low beta straight section and reduced insertion devices (ID) gaps are considered, therefore reducing the vertical aperture of the machine. Alternatives to the standard off-axis injection scheme allowing for efficient injection in reduced apertures with minimized perturbations are explored. A flexible layout for potential integration in the ESRF-EBS lattice is proposed.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB116  
About • paper received ※ 11 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 27 May 2021       issue date ※ 24 August 2021  
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TUPAB044 Preliminary Study of the on-Axis Swap-Out Injection Scheme for the Southern Advanced Photon Source injection, storage-ring, kicker, electron 1447
 
  • Y. Han, X.H. Lu, Y. Zhao
    IHEP CSNS, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
  • L. Huang, Y. Jiao, X. Liu, S. Wang
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
 
  The Southern Advanced Photon Source (SAPS) is a project under design, which aims at constructing a 4th generation storage ring with emittance below 100 pm.rad at the electron beam energy of around 3.5 GeV. The extremely low emittance will result in a very small dynamic aperture for the storage ring which makes it difficult to use the conventional off-axis accumulation injection. In this case, it is probably necessary to consider the transverse on-axis injection or the longitudinal injection. In this paper, the transverse on-axis swap-out injection scheme for the SAPS storage ring is presented. The preliminary parameters of the septum magnets and fast kickers are carefully evaluated.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB044  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 10 June 2021       issue date ※ 27 August 2021  
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TUPAB081 Design of the Beam Distribution System of SHINE undulator, linac, electron, kicker 1562
 
  • S. Chen, M. Gu, R. Wang
    SSRF, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
  • H.X. Deng, X. Fu
    SARI-CAS, Pudong, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
 
  In shanghai, a hard X-ray free electron laser project named SHINE is under design. It will be based on a superconducting linac running in CW mode. On the first stage, there will be three parallel undulator lines downstream the linac. For simultaneous operation of the three undulator lines, a beam distribution system based on fast kickers will be installed between linac and undulator lines. The physics design of this beam distribution system is described in this paper.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB081  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 14 June 2021       issue date ※ 22 August 2021  
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TUPAB190 Design and Simulation of the Extraction System of DC140 Cyclotron extraction, cyclotron, focusing, quadrupole 1849
 
  • V.I. Lisov, A.A. Protasov, A.S. Zabanov
    JINR/FLNR, Moscow region, Russia
  • K. Gikal, G.G. Gulbekyan, I.A. Ivanenko, G.N. Ivanov, I.V. Kalagin, N.Yu. Kazarinov, S.V. Mitrofanov, N.F. Osipov, V.A. Semin
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
 
  Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reaction of Joint Institute for Nuclear Research carries out the works under creating of FLNR JINR Irradiation Facility based on the cyclotron DC140. The facility is intended for SEE testing of microchip, for production of track membranes and for solving of applied physics problems. The DC140 cyclotron is intended for acceleration of heavy ions with mass-to-charge ratio A/Z within interval from 5 to 5.5 up to two fixed energies 2.124 and 4.8 MeV per unit mass. The intensity of the accelerated ions will be about 1 pmcA for light ions (A<86) and about 0.1 pmcA for heavier ions (A>132). The system based on four main elements - electrostatic deflector, focusing magnetic channel, Permanent Magnet Quadrupole lens and steering magnet is used in the DC140 cyclotron for extraction of the accelerated beam. The design and simulation of the beam extraction system from the DC140 cyclotron are presented in this report.  
poster icon Poster TUPAB190 [1.102 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB190  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 June 2021       issue date ※ 25 August 2021  
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TUPAB363 Feasibility Study for the Novel CERN PS Fast Extraction Septum extraction, simulation, HOM, emittance 2363
 
  • T. Helseth, M.G. Atanasov, B. Balhan, J.C.C.M. Borburgh, L. Ducimetière, M.A. Fraser, T. Kramer
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
 
  In the framework of accelerator consolidation, a feasibility study for a novel CERN PS extraction septum has been conducted. Functional requirements have been established and, accordingly, a system of two septa magnets and their associated pulse generator is proposed. The magnetic septum design is based on eddy current topology. Magnetic simulations in Flux 2D and Opera 3D of a conceptual design have been carried out. The short length and high amplitude of the current pulse required to drive the eddy current septa imply that none of the power converters currently used for septa magnets at CERN will be suitable. Pulse generator topologies derived from kicker generators have therefore been explored and simulated in Spice. The conceptual magnet and generator design along with simulation results are presented in this paper.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB363  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 17 June 2021       issue date ※ 10 August 2021  
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WEXB07 Transverse Beam Profile Measurements from Extraction Losses in the PS extraction, kicker, emittance, proton 2548
 
  • J.R. Hunt, F. Cerutti, L.S. Esposito, M. Giovannozzi, A. Huschauer, G. Russo
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • G. Russo
    Goethe Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
 
  During Multi-Turn Extraction (MTE) of continuous beams in the Proton Synchrotron (PS) at CERN, losses are generated on the blade of both the active and non-active septum during the rise time of the extraction kickers. Utilising pCVD Diamond detectors, secondary signal generated from these losses is measured. The high time resolution of these devices allows for insight into the detail of the horizontal beam distribution during extraction, and hence useful information such as the horizontal beam emittance may be computed. In this contribution, FLUKA simulations to relate the detector response to the beam impact conditions on the blades of the two septa are presented. The dependence on the beam angle, magnetic fringe field, and positioning of the detector is explored. Finally, realistic beam distributions are used to determine expected signal profiles at each septum.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEXB07  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 20 July 2021       issue date ※ 27 August 2021  
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WEPAB120 Upgrades to the Booster to Storage Ring Transfer Line at the Canadian Light Source booster, storage-ring, injection, extraction 2881
 
  • W.A. Wurtz, T. Batten, B.E. Bewer, M. Bree, S.R. Carriere, A.M. Duffy, B. Fogal, L.X. Lin, C.M. Randall, B.A. Schneider, J.M. Vogt, J. Willard, T. Wilson
    CLS, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
  • P. Kuske
    HZB, Berlin, Germany
 
  Investigations into the booster to storage ring transfer process identified non-linear fields in the booster extraction septum as the cause for the poor transfer efficiency. We found that by correcting the trajectory through the septum, the transfer efficiency improved substantially. This motivated an upgrade project to reliably control the trajectory through the septum and transfer line, to provide improved diagnostics and to implement a set of four horizontal scrapers to reduce the horizontal emittance of the beam before it reaches the storage ring.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB120  
About • paper received ※ 10 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 24 June 2021       issue date ※ 23 August 2021  
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WEPAB124 The Three Dipole Kicker Injection Scheme for the ALS-U Accumulator Ring injection, kicker, storage-ring, booster 2896
 
  • M.P. Ehrlichman, T. Hellert, S.C. Leemann, G. Penn, C. Steier, C. Sun, M. Venturini, D. Wang
    LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
 
  The ALS-U light source will implement on-axis swap-out injection of individual trains employing an accumulator between the booster and storage rings. The accumulator ring design is a twelve period triple-bend achromat that will be installed along the inner circumference of the storage-ring tunnel. A non-conventional injection scheme will be utilized for top-off off-axis injection from the booster into the accumulator ring meant to accommodate a relatively narrow vacuum-chamber aperture while maximizing injection efficiency. The scheme incorporates three dipole kickers distributed over three sectors, with two kickers perturbing the stored beam and the third affecting both the stored and the injected beam trajectories. This paper describes this ‘‘3DK’’ injection scheme, how it was chosen, designed and optimized, and how we evaluated its fitness as a solution for booster-to-accumulator ring injection against alternate injection schemes.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB124  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 01 July 2021       issue date ※ 13 August 2021  
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WEPAB204 Layout of the New Septum Magnets for Fast Extraction in J-PARC Main Ring extraction, operation, simulation, emittance 3103
 
  • S. Iwata, K. Ishii, H. Matsumoto, N. Matsumoto, Y. Sato, T. Shibata, T. Sugimoto
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
 
  At J-PARC Main Ring (MR), we are pursuing to improve the beam power from 500 kW to 1.3 MW by reducing the repetition cycle from 2.48 to 1.16 seconds (1 Hz operation). Additionally, we are considering the beam particles increasing by selecting a more optimal tune. The fast extraction (FX) equipment to the neutrino facility (NU) is needed to upgrade for the 1 Hz operation. We plan to replace most FX septum magnets with new ones in 2021. We report a layout of the FX line in confirmation of new beam optics and mention the beam loss during the fast extraction.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB204  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 09 June 2021       issue date ※ 27 August 2021  
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WEPAB208 Energy Sweeping Beam Extraction by the Septum Magnet Assisted with Charge Exchange for a Hadron Therapy extraction, kicker, power-supply, acceleration 3109
 
  • T.S. Dixit, A. Shaikh
    SAMEER, Mumbai, India
  • T. Adachi, T. Kawakubo, K. Takayama
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
 
  An energy sweeping compact rapid cycling hadron therapy based on a fast cycling induction synchrotron has been proposed by KEK and SAMEER as the next generation of hadron therapy machine *. For energy sweep extraction, a C+5 beam is injected, captured and trapped in the barrier bucket. A fraction of the beam is continuously released from the barrier bucket by controlling the timing of barrier pulse generation. Released C+5 ions merge into the coasting beam and moves inwards with ramping of the guiding main magnets. Ions in the coasting beam eventually hit the carbon foil placed inside the beam chamber wall. As a result, C+5 is converted to C+6 and beam orbit is largely changed as it traverses through the downstream bending magnet. This notably facilitates C+6 beam extraction, resulting in a relatively small kick angle of the septum magnet. When the septum is excited in the same way as that of the main magnets, the extracted C+6 beam always places on the center of the irradiation beam line. LISE++ simulations demonstrated the charge exchange efficiency of almost 100 % for expected beam energy. The feasibility of the switching power supply for the septum magnet has been studied.
* PRAB 24, 011601 (2021)
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB208  
About • paper received ※ 14 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 22 June 2021       issue date ※ 16 August 2021  
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WEPAB211 Lattice Design of the Beam Transfer Line (BTL) from PIP-II LINAC to the Booster at Fermilab booster, dipole, lattice, power-supply 3120
 
  • M. Xiao
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
 
  PIP-II beam transfer line (BTL) to transport the beam from PIP-II Linac to the Booster ring at Fermilab. The latest design eliminates rolling the dipoles in the beam line to cross over the Tevatron tunnel. Also re-designed is the lattice in the region of the Booster Injection to meet the request of the civil construction needs and accommodate the constrains of the Booster injection request. A beam line to the beam absorber (BAL) is designed based on the request from the results of Mars simulations and ANASYS calculation of the absorber. Simulations with dipole and quadrupole field errors for the Beam Transport Line (BTL) to the Booster, which provides the specifications for all the magnets and Power supplies, will be presented too.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB211  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 08 July 2021       issue date ※ 31 August 2021  
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WEPAB348 Injection and Extraction Systems of the SIS100 Heavy Ion Synchrotron at FAIR kicker, extraction, injection, vacuum 3514
 
  • I.J. Petzenhauser, U. Blell, S. Heberer
    GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
 
  The "Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research" (FAIR) is a new international accelerator complex, which is currently built in Darmstadt, Germany. Part of this complex is the SIS100 heavy ion synchrotron with a circumference of ~1086 m. To inject ions into the SIS100, an injection kicker system will we required. For fast extraction of the particle beam from the SIS100, an extraction kicker is used. This extraction kicker will be a bipolar system, this way it works as an emergency kicker at the same time. The fast kicker systems have to produce a current pulse >6 kA. To achieve this, energy storages are charged up to voltages >70 kV and are quickly discharged. The pulse durations vary from 0.5 us to 7 us, depending on the kicker type and the operation mode. Slow extraction of the ion beam will include an electrostatic septum, operating with voltages up to 160 kV. The requirements of these injection/extraction devices will be described in detail and the status of the projects will be presented.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB348  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 11 June 2021       issue date ※ 20 August 2021  
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THPAB051 Vertical Septum Magnet Design for the APS Upgrade simulation, electron, magnet-design, photon 3862
 
  • M. Abliz, M. Borland, H. Cease, G. Decker, A.K. Jain, M.S. Jaski, M. Kasa, J.S. Kerby, U. Wienands, A. Xiao
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
  • J.W. Amann
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  • D.J. Harding
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
 
  The vertical injection scheme proposed for the APS Upgrade (APS-U) Project requires a challenging septum magnet that must meet stringent beam physics, magnetic field leakage, and vacuum requirements. The current iteration of this magnet design includes an enlarged stored-beam chamber aperture of 9 mm x 12 mm and a reduction of the septum thickness to 1.5 mm. The enlarged aperture accommodates a non-evaporable getter (NEG)-coated stored beam chamber to better achieve the required vacuum. A prototype septum magnet has been built and measurements confirm the cancellation of a peak leakage field even though the value is six times larger than the design. The leakage field measured at the upstream (US) end cancels the downstream (DS) end as was expected by design. The measured and simulated leakage field and the stored beam trajectories are reported.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB051  
About • paper received ※ 14 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 01 September 2021       issue date ※ 27 August 2021  
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THPAB157 Studying X-Ray Spectra of the SIS18 Electrostatic Septa to Measure Their Electric Field extraction, injection, detector, electron 4065
 
  • B. Gålander, E. Kozlova, D. Ondreka, A. Sokolov, P.J. Spiller, J. Stadlmann
    GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
 
  The synchrotron SIS18 at GSI uses resonant extraction for slow beam extraction on the order of seconds. For some time, there has been an unexplained discrepancy of the slow extraction with a lower extraction efficiency than expected at the highest beam energies. Recent machine studies have indicated that the deflection by the electrostatic septum might be less than the nominal 2.5 mrad, leading to increased losses at the magnetic septum. In this paper, we pursue an idea to directly measure the voltage of the electrode gap by utilizing the fact that dark current electrons accelerated in the gap of the electrostatic extraction septum generate Bremsstrahlung X-rays when hitting the anode. The high-energy cut-off of the X-ray spectra then corresponds to the voltage of the electrode gap. Measurements of the X-ray spectra at the extraction septum of SIS18 have been performed using a solid-state CdTe detector. This technique provides an in-situ measurement of the voltage applied to the electrostatic extraction channel and has proven to be a useful diagnostics tool.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB157  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 September 2021       issue date ※ 19 August 2021  
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