IPAC2017 - List of Keywords (extraction)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOPAB031	Orbit Measurements in the BESSY II Booster in Preparation for Quasi-Low-Alpha Operation	booster, injection, data-acquisition, lattice	146
	T. Atkinson, E. Motuk, M. Ries, M. Ulrich HZB, Berlin, Germany
	Diagnostic refurbishments are ongoing in the booster synchrotron in preparation for the near future Variable pulse Storage Ring (VSR) project at BESSY II. Essential orbit measurements have been re-installed after almost two decades of latency. This diagnostic will help assess the effectiveness of the possible upgrade scenarios such as quasi-low-alpha operation and extraction optimization. The contribution presents the preliminary results of the continual global upgrade of the injector systems.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2017-MOPAB031
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MOPIK031	COSY Extraction Line Characterization and Modeling	quadrupole, optics, proton, storage-ring	567
	B. Lorentz, M. Bai, Y. Dutheil, R. Tölle, C. Weidemann FZJ, Jülich, Germany
	COSY is a versatile racetrack-type synchrotron accelerating protons and deuterons in a range of rigidity between 1 T m and 11 T m. Circulating beam can be slowly extracted on a third order resonance and channeled towards different users. New users of the COSY beam have presented new challenges with specific requests, most notably in term of beam shape. This in turn drove a strong interest to develop and improve characterization and modeling methods in the COSY extraction beam line. In this contribution we will present the different beam characterization methods used and their limitations. We will then discuss the modeling of the line and the importance of an accurate and reliable model of the extraction line. Some of the latest beam measurements are presented and compared to modeled results.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2017-MOPIK031
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MOPIK033	The Development of a New Low Field Septum Magnet System for Fast Extraction in Main Ring of J-PARC	septum, feedback, operation, power-supply	573
	T. Shibata, K. Ishii, H. Matsumoto, N. Matsumoto, T. Sugimoto KEK, Ibaraki, Japan K.J. Kuanjun HUST, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
	The J-PARC Main Ring (MR) is being upgraded to improve its beam power to the design goal of 750 kW. One important way is to reduce the repetition period from 2.48 s to 1.3 s so that the beam power can be nearly doubled. We need to improve the septum magnets for fast extraction. We are improving the magnets and their power supplies. The present magnets which is conventional type have problem in durability of septum coil by its vibration, and large leakage field. The new magnets are eddy current type. The eddy current type does not have septum coil, but has a thin plate. We expect that there is no problem in durability, we can construct the thin septum plate, the leakage field can be reduced. The output of the present power supply are pattern current which of flat top is 10 ms width, the new one is short pulse which of one is 10 us. The short pulse consists of 1st and 3rd higher harmonic. We can expect that the flatness and reproducibility of flat top current can be improved. The calorific power can be also reduced. This paper will report the field measurement results with the eddy septum magnet systems.
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MOPIK036	Study of the Magnetizing Relationship of the Kickers for CSNS	kicker, neutron, software, target	582
	M.Y. Huang, Y.W. An, S. Fu, N. Huang, W. Kang, Y.Q. Liu, L. Shen, L. Wang, S. Wang, Y.W. Wu, S.Y. Xu, J. Zhai, J. Zhang IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	Funding: Work supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (11205185) The extraction system of CSNS mainly consists of two kinds of magnets: eight kickers and one lambertson magnet. In this paper, firstly, the magnetic test results of the eight kickers were introduced and then the filed uniformity and magnetizing relationship of the kickers were given. Secondly, during the beam commissioning in the future, in order to obtain more accurate magnetizing relationship, a new method to measure the magnetizing coefficients of the kickers by the real extraction beam was given and the data analysis would also be processed.
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MOPIK044	The Use of a Passive Scatterer for SPS Slow Extraction Beam Loss Reduction	scattering, septum, proton, simulation	607
	B. Goddard, B. Balhan, J.C.C.M. Borburgh, M.A. Fraser, L.S. Stoel, F.M. Velotti CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	A significant reduction in the fraction of protons lost on the SPS electrostatic septum ES during resonant slow extraction is highly desirable for present Fixed-Target beam operation, and will become mandatory for the proposed SHiP experiment, which is now being studied in the framework of CERN's Physics Beyond Colliders program. In this paper the possible use of a passive scattering device (diffuser) is investigated. The physics processes underlying the use of a diffuser are described, and the dependence on the diffuser geometry, material and location of the potential loss reduction on the electrostatic septum (ES) wires is investigated with a semi-analytical approach. Numerical simulations to quantify the expected performance gain for the optimum configuration are presented, and the results discussed in view of the feasibility of a potential realisation in the SPS.
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MOPIK045	SPS Slow Extraction Losses and Activation: Challenges and Possibilities for Improvement	proton, radioactivity, target, simulation	611
	M.A. Fraser, B. Balhan, H. Bartosik, C. Bertone, D. Björkman, J.C.C.M. Borburgh, N. Conan, K. Cornelis, R. Garcia Alia, L. Gatignon, B. Goddard, Y. Kadi, V. Kain, A. Mereghetti, F. Roncarolo, P.M. Schicho, J. Spanggaard, O. Stein, L.S. Stoel, F.M. Velotti, H. Vincke CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	In 2015 the highest integrated number of protons in the history of the North Area was slow extracted from the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) for the Fixed Target physics programme. At well over 1.10¹⁹ protons on target (POT), this represented the highest annual figure at SPS for almost two decades, since the West Area Neutrino Facility was operational some 20 years ago. The high intensity POT requests have continued into 2016-17 and look set to do so for the foreseeable future, especially in view of the proposed SPS Beam Dump Facility and experiments, e.g. SHiP, which are requesting up to 4·10¹⁹ POT per year. Without significant improvements, the attainable annual POT will be limited to well below the total the SPS machine could deliver, due to activation of accelerator equipment and associated personnel dose limitations. In this contribution, the issues arising from the recent high activation levels are discussed along with the steps taken to understand, manage and mitigate these issues. The research avenues being actively pursued to improve the slow extraction related beam loss for present operation and future requests are outlined, and their relative merits discussed. A. Golutvin et al., ‘‘A Facility to Search for Hidden Particles (SHiP) at the CERN SPS'', CERN, Geneva, Switzerland, Rep. CERN-SPSC-2015-016 (SPSC-P-350), Apr. 2015.
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MOPIK046	Phase Space Folding Studies for Beam Loss Reduction During Resonant Slow Extraction at the CERN SPS	multipole, sextupole, simulation, proton	615
	L.S. Stoel, M. Benedikt, K. Cornelis, M.A. Fraser, B. Goddard, V. Kain, F.M. Velotti CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The requested number of protons slow-extracted from the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) for Fixed Target (FT) physics is expected to continue increasing in the coming years, especially if the proposed SPS Beam Dump Facility is realised. Limits on the extracted intensity are already being considered to mitigate the dose to personnel during interventions required to maintain the extraction equipment, especially the electrostatic extraction septum. In addition to other on-going studies and technical developments, a reduction of the beam loss per extracted proton will play a crucial role in the future performance reach of the FT experimental programme at the SPS. In this paper a concept is investigated to reduce the fraction of beam impacting the extraction septum by folding the arm of the phase space separatrix. Beam dynamics simulations for the concept are presented and compared to the phase space acceptance of the extraction channel. The performance potential of the concept at SPS is evaluated and discussed alongside the necessary changes to the non-linear optical elements in the machine.
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MOPIK048	Experimental Results of Crystal-Assisted Slow Extraction at the SPS	proton, detector, experiment, collimation	623
	M.A. Fraser, S.S. Gilardoni, B. Goddard, V. Kain, D. Mirarchi, S. Montesano, S. Petrucci, S. Redaelli, R. Rossi, W. Scandale, L.S. Stoel, F.M. Velotti CERN, Geneva, Switzerland F.M. Addesa, G. Cavoto, F. Iacoangeli INFN-Roma, Roma, Italy F. Galluccio INFN-Napoli, Napoli, Italy F. Murtas INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy
	The possibility of extracting highly energetic particles from the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) by means of silicon bent crystals has been explored since the 1990's. The channelling effect of a bent crystal can be used to strongly deflect primary protons and eject them from the synchrotron. Many studies and experiments have been carried out to investigate crystal channelling effects. The extraction of 120 and 270 GeV proton beams has already been demonstrated in the SPS with dedicated experiments located in the ring. Presently in the SPS, the UA9 experiment is performing studies to evaluate the possibility to use bent silicon crystals to steer particle beams in high energy accelerators. Recent studies on the feasibility of extraction from the SPS have been made using the UA9 infrastructure with a longer-term view of using crystals to help mitigate slow extraction induced activation of the SPS. In this paper, the possibility to eject particles into the extraction channel in LSS2 using the bent crystals already installed in the SPS is presented. Details of the concept, simulations and measurements carried out with beam are presented, before the outlook for the future is discussed.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2017-MOPIK048
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MOPIK049	SPS Slow Extracted Spill Quality During the 2016 Run	target, quadrupole, power-supply, experiment	627
	V. Kain, J. Bauche, P. Catherine, K. Cornelis, M.A. Fraser, L. Gatignon, C.M. Genton, B. Goddard, K. Kahle, M. Magrans de Abril, O. Michels, L.S. Stoel, F.M. Velotti CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The flux of particles slow extracted with the 1/3 integer resonance from the Super Proton Synchrotron at CERN should ideally be constant over the length of the extraction plateau, for optimum use of the beam by the fixed target experiments. The extracted intensity is controlled in feed-forward correction of the horizontal tune via the main SPS quadrupoles. The Mains power supply noise at 50 Hz and harmonics is also corrected in feed-forward by small amplitude tune modulation at the respective frequencies with a dedicated additional quadrupole circuit. In 2016 the spill quality could be much improved with respect to the situation of the previous year with more performant algorithms. In this paper the improved tools are described and the characteristics of the SPS slow extracted spill in terms of macro structure and typical frequency content are shown. Other sources of perturbation were, however, also present in 2016 which frequently caused the spill quality to be much reduced. The different effects are discussed and possible or actual solutions detailed. Finally, the evolution of the spill quality during characteristic periods in the 2016 run is presented.
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MOPIK050	Reduction of Resonant Slow Extraction Losses with Shadowing of Septum Wires by a Bent Crystal	proton, simulation, collimation, septum	631
	F.M. Velotti, M.A. Fraser, B. Goddard, V. Kain, W. Scandale, L.S. Stoel CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	A new experiment, SHiP, is being studied at CERN to investigate the existence of three Heavy Neutral Leptons in order to give experimental proof to the proposed neutrino minimal Standard Model. High-intensity slow-extraction of protons from the SPS is a pre-requisite for SHiP. The experiment requires a resonant extraction with in a 7.2 s cycle, and about 4·10¹³ protons extracted at 400 GeV in a 1 s flat-top, to achieve the needed 2·10²⁰ protons on target in five years. Although the SPS has delivered this in the past to the CNGS experiment with fast extraction, for SHiP beam losses and activation of the SPS electrostatic extraction septum (ZS) could be a serious performance limitation, since the target number of protons to resonantly extract per year is a factor of two higher than ever achieved before and a factor of four than ever reached with the third-integer slow extraction. In this paper, a novel extraction technique to significantly reduce the losses at the ZS is proposed, based on the use of a bent crystal to shadow the septum wires. Theoretical concepts are developed, the performance gain quantified and a possible layout proposed.
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MOPIK092	Computer Modelling of the SC202 Superconducting Cyclotron for Hadron Therapy	simulation, cyclotron, resonance, proton	742
	O. Karamyshev, V. Malinin, D.V. Popov JINR/DLNP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia Y.F. Bi, G. Chen, K.Z. Ding, Y. Song ASIPP, Hefei, People's Republic of China G.A. Karamysheva, N.A. Morozov, E.V. Samsonov, G. Shirkov, S.G. Shirkov JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
	The SC202 superconducting cyclotron for hadron therapy is under development by collaboration of ASIPP (Hefei, China) and JINR (Dubna, Russia). The accelerator will provide about 200 MeV proton beam with maximum current of 1μA in 2017-2018. We have performed simulations of all systems of the SC202 cyclotron and specified the main parameters of magnet, acceleration system and extraction elements.
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MOPVA027	Measurement of High Power Terahertz with Dielectric Loaded Waveguide at Tsinghua University	radiation, electron, wakefield, experiment	914
	D. Wang, Y.-C. Du, W. Gai, W.-H. Huang, X.L. Su, C.-X. Tang, Q.L. Tian, L.X. Yan TUB, Beijing, People's Republic of China S.P. Antipov Euclid Beamlabs LLC, Bolingbrook, USA Y.F. Liang Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	Funding: Work supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (NSFC Grants No.11475097) and the National Key Scientific Instrument and Equipment Development Project of China (Grants No. 2013YQ12034504) We have measured an intense THz radiation produced by a sub-picosecond, relativistic electron bunch passing through a dielectric loaded waveguide (DLW) at Tsinghua University accelerator beamline. The DLW was 3 cm long quartz tube with 900 'm inner diameter and 100 'm wall thickness metallized on the outside. Radiated energy of the THz pulse was measured to be proportional to the square of the effective charge. The end of the DLW was cut at an angle for efficient THz pulse extraction. Tens of 'J THz energy per pulse were measured outside the vacuum chamber with a calibrated Golay cell in the experiment. wangdan16@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn yanlx@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn
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MOPVA029	Conceptual Design of a Pre-Booster Ring for the FCC e⁺e⁻ Injector	emittance, booster, damping, injection	917
	O. Etisken, A.K. Çiftçi Ankara University, Faculty of Sciences, Ankara, Turkey Y. Papaphilippou CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The FCC-ee injector complex needs to produce and to transport a high-intensity e⁺/e⁻ beam at a fast repetition rate of about 0.1 Hz for topping up the collider at its collision energy. A basic parameter set exists for all the collider energies, assuming a 10 GeV linac operating with a large number of bunches being accumulated in the existing SPS, which serves as pre-accelerator and damping ring before the bunches are transferred to the high-energy booster. The purpose of this study is to provide the conceptual design of an alternative accelerator ring, replacing the SPS in the present scheme. This ring will have injection energy of around 5 GeV and extraction energy of around 20 GeV. Apart from establishing the basic parameters of the ring, the study work will include the optics design and layout, single particle linear and non-linear dynamics optimization, including magnetic and alignment error tolerances. The study will also contain some basic estimation of collective effects and address the issue of synchrotron radiation handling.
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MOPVA145	Improvements on CNAO Accelerator for Ocular Treatments	proton, acceleration, injection, synchrotron	1194
	L. Falbo, E. Bressi, C. Priano CNAO Foundation, Milan, Italy
	Ocular melanoma has been successfully treated worldwide since many years using proton beams. CNAO is the only Italian hadrontherapy facility able to treat tumours with both proton and carbon ion high-energy scanning beams accelerated by a synchrotron; the machine was commissioned in 2011 and more than 1000 patients have been treated so far. With respect to the othercases, , ocular melanoma treatment needed important changes both under the medical physics and machine physics points of view. The main goal of this work is to describe the changes in the machine set up to increase the proton current by a factor of 5, this task representing a sort of recommissioning of the synchrotron.
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MOPVA146	Optimization of Carbon Treatments at CNAO	dipole, feedback, acceleration, ion	1197
	L. Falbo, E. Bressi, C. Priano CNAO Foundation, Milan, Italy
	CNAO facility is treating patients with carbon ion beams since 2012. Often carbon ions are used to treat tumors with great volumes that causes long time irradiations: this represents a complaint for the patient, a limit in the number of treatable patients per day and an increase in the cost of the treatment itself. An effort has been done in the last year to increase the particle intensity in order to reduce the irradiation time for the carbon treatments: this article illustrates the changes in the machine done to achieve this goal.
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TUOAB3	Development of Wide Dynamic Range Beam Loss Monitor System for the J-PARC Main Ring	detector, operation, beam-losses, injection	1248
	K. Satou, N. Kamikubota, T. Toyama, S. Yamada J-PARC, KEK & JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan S.Y. Yoshida Kanto Information Service (KIS), Accelerator Group, Ibaraki, Japan
	The new beam loss monitor (BLM) system now in operation at the main ring of J-PARC consists of an isolated front-end current to voltage converter, a VME-based 24 bit ADC system. A dual detector system employs a proportional-type gas chamber (PBLM) and an air-filled ionization chamber (AIC). The system shows a wide dynamic range of 160 dB. It can detect the low level signal that would arise in the case of the detection of residual dose in the ring itself after the beam has been turned off as well as an event such as high level beam loss at the collimators. The signal rise time of the waveform obtained is 17 us which fast enough to meet the speed requirement of the Machine Protection System (MPS); which is that the MPS should dump the beam within 100 us when the beam loss signal exceeds the reference levels set in the ADC system.
	Slides TUOAB3 [2.692 MB]
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TUPAB063	High Energy Transport Line Design for the HEPS Project	injection, booster, storage-ring, quadrupole	1466
	Y.Y. Guo, Z. Duan, Y. Jiao, Y.M. Peng, G. Xu IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	The High Energy Photon Source (HEPS), a kilometer-scale storage ring light source with the energy of 6GeV is to be built in China. For the injection scheme of the stor-age ring, on-axis injection is the baseline scheme. To simultaneously accommodate on-axis accumulation and swap-out injection schemes, we designed two high energy transport lines. In this paper we will report the detailed design of these two transport lines, including the layout and lattice design.
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TUPAB093	Race-Track Microtron with Pulse-to-Pulse Beam Energy Switch	electron, linac, microtron, focusing	1530
	Yu.A. Kubyshin UPC, Barcelona, Spain V.I. Shvedunov, I.Yu. Vladimirov LEA MSU, Moscow, Russia V.I. Shvedunov SINP MSU, Moscow, Russia
	A race-track microtron with a few beam orbits can be an alternative to a standard electron linear accelerator in a number of applications in which high beam power is not needed, like radiation therapy, industrial radiography or cargo inspection. In these cases the advantages of race-track microtrons are low RF power consumption, and consequently low cost of the RF system, and a possibility of beam energy switch in a wide range by extracting the beam from different orbits. In the present work we describe the concept of a race-track microtron with pulse-to-pulse beam energy switch in the range from 3 MeV to 9 MeV. Special attention is given to the optimization of the end magnets of a new type which provide both the accelerating structure bypass and vertical beam focusing.
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TUPIK002	H-, D-, C2-: A Comparison of RF andFilament Powered Volume-Cusp Ion Sources	ion, ion-source, electron, plasma	1685
	S.V. Melanson, M.P. Dehnel, D.E. Potkins D-Pace, Nelson, British Columbia, Canada H.C. McDonald, C. Philpott BSL, Auckland, New Zealand
	Today's industrial ion source applications often require high beam currents with long source lifetime and low maintenance. Filament powered ion sources produce high beam currents but are limited by the short lifetime (~5000 mA*h) of the filament, while RF ion sources with external antennas do not require such maintenance. By changing the filament back plate of our TRIUMF licensed ion source to the ceramic window, planar coil antenna and 13.56 MHz RF amplifier of our University of Jyväskylä licensed ion source, we are able to directly compare the effect of the two technologies for powering sources on negative ion production in volume-cusp ion sources for the case of H-, D- and C2- using our ion source test facility.
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TUPIK041	Cleaning of Parasitic Bunches for Time Structured Filling of the ESRF Storage Ring During Top Up Operation	booster, kicker, electron, storage-ring	1774
	E. Plouviez, L. Farvacque, J.M. Koch, T.P. Perron, B. Roche, K.B. Scheidt, R. Versteegen, S.M. White ESRF, Grenoble, France
	In order to generate time structured synchrotron radiation the 6GeV ESRF storage ring can be operated with 16 buckets filled with 15nC separated by 16 gaps of 61 nearly perfectly empty buckets. The contrast required by some users between the population of the main and empty buckets is 10¹¹. In order to obtain these empty buckets some RF knock out (cleaning) of the parasitic bunches is needed. Until now this cleaning was performed on the beam stored in the storage ring. Recently we have started to deliver this 16 bunches filling in a so called top up mode, drastically increasing the rate of the storage ring refills. In this top up mode it is very penalizing to perform the cleaning in the storage ring so we are now performing it in the booster synchrotron which accelerates the 200MeV beam coming from the linac up to 6GeV. We describe the set up used to perform the cleaning in the booster and all the measurement and experiments performed in order to correctly understand the origin of the unwanted electrons populating buckets of the gaps separating the 16 main bunches.
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TUPIK046	Beam-Based Feedbacks for FAIR - Prototyping at the SIS18	feedback, controls, proton, injection	1787
	R.J. Steinhagen, J. Fitzek, H.C. Hüther, H. Liebermann, R. Müller, D. Ondreka, H. Reeg, B.R. Schlei, P.J. Spiller GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
	The 'Facility for Anti-Proton and Ion Research' (FAIR) presently under construction, extends and supersedes GSI's existing infrastructure. Its core challenges include the precise control of highest proton and uranium ion beam intensities, the required extreme high vacuum conditions, machine protection and activation issues while providing a high degree of multi-user mode of operation with facility reconfiguration on time-scales of a few times per week. To optimise turn-around times and to establish a safe and reliable machine operation, a comprehensive suite of semi-automated measurement applications, as well as fully-automated beam-based feedbacks will be deployed, covering the control of orbit, Q/Q', spill structure, optics, and other machine parameters. These systems are based on the LSA settings management framework, code-shared with and also used at CERN. The concepts, software architecture and first prototype beam tests at the SIS18 in 2016 are presented. As an initial proof-of-concept, a cycle-to-cycle orbit* and macro-spill feedback, as well as a semi-automated magnetic quadrupole- and sextupole-centre measurement tool have been selected. *results presented in separate contribution
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TUPIK061	Data Acquisition and Controls Integration of the AWAKE Experiment at CERN	controls, experiment, proton, software	1833
	V.K.B. Olsen University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway J.J. Batkiewicz, S. Deghaye, S.J. Gessner, E. Gschwendtner CERN, Geneva, Switzerland P. Muggli MPI, Muenchen, Germany
	The AWAKE experiment has been successfully installed in the CNGS facility at CERN, and is currently in its first stage of operation. The experiment seeks to demonstrate self-modulation of an SPS proton beam in a rubidium plasma, driving a wakefield of several gigavolt per meter. We describe the data acquisition and control system of the AWAKE experiment, its integration into the CERN control system and new control developments specifically required for AWAKE.
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TUPIK086	Modelling the Radioactivity Induced by Slow-Extraction Losses in the CERN SPS	proton, operation, detector, radioactivity	1897
	M.A. Fraser, D. Björkman, K. Cornelis, B. Goddard, V. Kain, P.M. Schicho, C. Theis, H. Vincke CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Resonant slow extraction is used to provide an intense quasi-DC flux of high-energy protons for the Fixed Target (FT) physics programme at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS). The unavoidable beam loss intrinsic to the extraction process activates the extraction region and its equipment. Although the radiation dose to equipment has an impact on availability, the cool-down times required to limit dose to the personnel carrying-out maintenance of the accelerator also pose important restrictions, and ultimately limit the number of protons on target. In order to understand how the extracted proton flux affects the build-up and subsequent cool-down of the induced activation, a model based on a simple empirical relationship has been developed and shown to predict the measured radioactive decay at ionisation chambers located along the extraction region. In this contribution, the empirical model is described, its strengths and limitations discussed, and its application as a predictive tool for estimating cool-down times as a function of extracted proton flux demonstrated.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2017-TUPIK086
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TUPIK110	Optimisation of a High-Resolution, Low-Latency Stripline Beam Position Monitor System for Use in Intra-Train Feedback	feedback, electron, cavity, collider	1979
	N. Blaskovic Kraljevic, R.M. Bodenstein, T. Bromwich, P. Burrows, G.B. Christian, C. Perry, R.L. Ramjiawan JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom D.R. Bett CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	A high-resolution, low-latency beam position monitor (BPM) system has been developed for use in feedback systems at particle accelerators and beamlines that operate with trains of particle bunches with bunch separations as low as several tens of nanoseconds, such as future linear electron-positron colliders and free-electron lasers. The system was tested with electron beams in the extraction line of the Accelerator Test Facility at the High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) in Japan. The fast analogue front-end signal processor is based on a single-stage RF down-mixer, with a measured latency of 15.6 ± 0.1 ns. The processor has been optimised, doubling the maximum operating beam intensity up to 1.6 nC, and the signal processing in the custom digital acquisition board has been upgraded in order to improve the resolution beyond the 300 nm level measured previously. The latest results, demonstrating a position resolution of order 150 nm with single-pass beam, will be presented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2017-TUPIK110
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TUPIK116	Injection Bucket Jitter Compensation Using Phase Lock System at Fermilab Booster	booster, injection, controls, proton	1999
	K. Seiya, S. Chaurize, C.C. Drennan, W. Pellico Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	Phase synchronization between Booster extraction and Recycler injection has been done with the phase lock loop at Booster extraction. The phase Lock Loop control rf phase by changing radial position at extraction and it causes ± one bucket error, not phase error at Recycler injection. By switching a mode of operation for the phase lock loop by measuring the extraction gap position, the jitter was eliminated. The beam loss at the Recycler injection was reduced by 20%. Beam studies and the phase lock system will be discussed in this paper.
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TUPIK117	Optimization of the Booster Notch System at Fermilab	booster, kicker, proton, power-supply	2002
	S. Chaurize, C.C. Jensen, W. Pellico, I.L. Rakhno, K. Seiya, V.I. Sidorov, R. Tesarek, I.S. Tropin Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	The Booster Beam Notch is a beam gap needed to allow extraction kickers to reach full field strength for a single turn extraction scheme. The Notch is created at injection energy by kicking 3 out of the 84 bunches to a dedicated absorber. The kicker voltage, pulse length and geometry of the absorber must be optimized to minimize the beam loss due to the notch creation. Beam studies, simulation and implementation as well as the optimization and improvement of the notch system will be discussed in this paper.
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TUPVA020	The LHC Injectors Upgrade (LIU) Project at CERN: Ion Injector Chain	ion, injection, luminosity, kicker	2089
	H. Bartosik, S.C.P. Albright, M.E. Angoletta, G. Bellodi, N. Biancacci, T. Bohl, J. Coupard, H. Damerau, A. Funken, B. Goddard, S. Hancock, K. Hanke, A. Huschauer, J.M. Jowett, V. Kain, D. Küchler, D. Manglunki, M. Meddahi, G. Rumolo, R. Scrivens, E.N. Shaposhnikova, V. Toivanen, F.J.C. Wenander CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The LHC injector chain for Pb-ion beams at CERN consists of Linac3, the accumulator ring LEIR, the PS and the SPS. In the context of the LHC injectors upgrade (LIU) project an intense program of machine development studies has been performed in the last two years to maximise the intensity of Pb-ion beams at LHC injection. In this paper we present an analysis of the operational performance achieved so far, with the goal of 1) identifying the remaining performance bottlenecks along the chain and possible areas for improvement, and 2) to optimize the Pb-ion beam production scheme for the High Luminosity (HL-) LHC era. A consistent set of beam parameters for the HL-LHC era has been established taking into account the already achieved improvements as well as foreseen upgrades still to be implemented, such as slip stacking in the SPS.
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TUPVA087	ADIGE: The Radioactive Ion Beam Injector of the SPES Project	ion, plasma, ECR, rfq	2281
	A. Galatà, L. Bellan, G. Bisoffi, M. Comunian, L. Martin, M.F. Moisio, A. Palmieri, A. Pisent, G.P. Prete, C. R. Roncolato INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy
	The Selective Production of Exotic Species (SPES) project is presently under development at INFN-LNL: aim of this project is the production, ionization and post-acceleration of radioactive ions to perform forefront research in nuclear physics. An ECR-based charge breeder (SPES-CB) will allow post-acceleration of radioactive ions: in particular, the SPES-CB has been designed and developed by LPSC of Grenoble, based on the Phoenix booster. It will be equipped with a complete test bench totally integrated with the SPES beam line: this part of the post-accelerator, together with the newly designed RFQ, composes the so-called ADIGE injector for the superconducting linac ALPI. The injector will employ a unique Medium Resolution Mass Spectrometer (MRMS, R=1/1000), mounted downstream the SPES-CB, in order to avoid the typical drawback of the ECR-based charge breeding technique, that is the beam contamination. This contribution describes the ADIGE injector, with particular attention to the analysis of possible contaminations and the performances expected for the MRMS, showing the beam dynamics calculations for a reference radioactive beam.
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TUPVA090	Performance and Status of the J-PARC Accelerators	operation, linac, klystron, ion-source	2290
	K. Hasegawa, N. Hayashi, M. Kinsho, H. Oguri, K. Yamamoto, Y. Yamazaki JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan Y. Hori, N. Yamamoto J-PARC, KEK & JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan T. Koseki, F. Naito KEK, Tokai, Ibaraki, Japan
	The J-PARC is a high intensity proton facility and the accelerator consists of a 400 MeV linac, a 3 GeV Rapid Cycling Synchrotron (RCS) and a Main Ring Synchrotron (MR). We have taken many hardware upgrades. The beam powers for the neutrino experiment and hadron experiment from the MR have been steadily increased by tuning and reducing beam losses. The designed 1 MW equivalent beam was demonstrated and user program was performed at 500 kW from the RCS to the neutron and muon experiments. We have experienced many failures and troubles, however, to impede full potential and high availability. In this report, operational performance and status of the J-PARC accelerators are presented.
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TUPVA113	The Feature of Magnetic Field Formation of Multi-Purpose Isochronous Cyclotron DC280	cyclotron, acceleration, ion, ion-source	2352
	I.A. Ivanenko, B. Gikal, G.G. Gulbekyan JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia V.P. Kukhtin, E.A. Lamzin, S.E. Sytchevsky NIIEFA, St. Petersburg, Russia
	At the present time the activities on creation of the new heavy-ion isochronous cyclotron DC280 are carried out at Joint Institute for Nuclear Research. The isochronous cyclotron DC-280 will produce accelerated beam of ions A/Z= 4 - 7 with a smooth variation of the beam energy W= 4 ' 8 MeV/n. The variation of energy is provided by the wide range of the magnetic field levels from 0.64T till 1.32T and usage of the 11 radial and 4 pairs of harmonic correcting coils. In the work the results of calculations and final measurements of the magnetic field are presented. The magnetic field of cyclotron DC-280 is formed in a good conformity with results of computer modeling.
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TUPVA126	The SPS Beam Dump Facility	target, proton, experiment, operation	2389
	M. Lamont, G. Arduini, M. Battistin, M. Brugger, M. Calviani, F. B. Dos Santos Pedrosa, M.A. Fraser, L. Gatignon, S.S. Gilardoni, B. Goddard, J.L. Grenard, C. Heßler, R. Jacobsson, V. Kain, K. Kershaw, E. Lopez Sola, J.A. Osborne, A. Perillo-Marcone, H. Vincke CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The proposed SPS beam dump facility (BDF) is a fixed-target facility foreseen to be situated at the North Area of the SPS. Beam dump in this context implies a target aimed at absorbing the majority of incident protons and containing most of the cascade generated by the primary beam interaction. The aim is a general purpose fixed target facility, which in the initial phase is aimed at the Search for Hidden Particles (SHiP) experiment. Feasibility studies are ongoing at CERN to address the key challenges of the facility. These challenges include: slow resonant extraction from the SPS; a target that has the two-fold objective of producing charged mesons as well as stopping the primary proton beam; and radiation protection considerations related to primary proton beam with a power of around 355 kW. The aim of the project is to complete the key technical feasibility studies in time for the European Strategy for Particle Physics (ESPP) update foreseen in 2020. This is in conjunction with the recommendation by the CERN Research Board to the SHiP experiment to prepare a comprehensive design study as input to the ESPP.
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TUPVA128	Performance of the CERN Injector Complex and Transmission Studies into the LHC during the Second Proton-Lead Run	ion, injection, emittance, proton	2395
	R. Alemany-Fernández, S.C.P. Albright, M.E. Angoletta, J. Axensalva, W. Bartmann, H. Bartosik, P. Baudrenghien, G. Bellodi, A. Blas, T. Bohl, E. Carlier, S. Cettour-Cave, K. Cornelis, H. Damerau, A. Findlay, S.S. Gilardoni, S. Hancock, A. Huschauer, M.A. Jebramcik, S. Jensen, J.M. Jowett, V. Kain, D. Küchler, A.M. Lombardi, D. Manglunki, T. Mertens, M. O'Neil, S. Pasinelli, A. Saá Hernández, M. Schaumann, R. Scrivens, R. Steerenberg, H. Timko, V. Toivanen, G. Tranquille, F.M. Velotti, F.J.C. Wenander, J. Wenninger CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The LHC performance during the proton-lead run in 2016 fully relied on a permanent monitoring and systematic improvement of the beam quality in all the injectors. The beam production and characteristics are explained in this paper, together with the improvements realized during the run from the source up to the flat top of the LHC. Transmission studies from one accelerator to the next as well as beam quality evolution studies during the cycle at each accelerator, have been carried out and are summarized in this paper. In 2016, the LHC had to deliver the beams to the experiments at two different energies, 4 Z TeV and 6.5 Z TeV. The properties of the beams at these two energies are also presented
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WEOAA3	Realizing a High-Intensity Low-Emittance Beam in the J-PARC 3-GeV RCS	emittance, injection, sextupole, resonance	2470
	H. Hotchi, H. Harada, S. Kato, K. Okabe, P.K. Saha, Y. Shobuda, F. Tamura, N. Tani, Y. Watanabe, M. Yoshimoto JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan
	The J-PARC 3-GeV rapid cycling synchrotron (RCS) has two functions; one as a proton driver to produce pulsed muons and neutrons, and the other as an injector to the following 50-GeV main ring (MR). RCS is now intensively developing a high-intensity beam test to realize a high-intensity low-emittance beam with less beam halo required from MR. This paper presents the recent experimental results, together with detailed discussions for the emittance growth and its mitigation mechanisms.
	Slides WEOAA3 [1.732 MB]
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WEPIK012	Performance of SuperKEKB High Energy Ring Beam Abort System	kicker, operation, sextupole, power-supply	2939
	T. Mimashi, Y. Enomoto, N. Iida, M. Kikuchi, K. Kodama, T. Mori, Y. Suetsugu KEK, Ibaraki, Japan K. Abe Hitachi Power Semiconductor Device, Ltd., Hitachishi, Ibaraki, Japan K. Kise, A. Tokuchi Pulsed Power Japan Laboratory Ltd., Kusatsu-shi Shiga, Japan
	New Beam abort system was installed at the Super-KEKB High Energy Ring. It was designed to enlarge the horizontal beam size at the beam extraction window to protect the extraction window, and it also makes the beam abort gap shorter. It consists of four horizontal kicker magnets, one vertical kicker to sweep the beam position in vertical direction, sextupole magnet to enlarge the horizontal beam size, one lambertson magnet, Ti extraction window and beam dump. Four horizontal kicker magnets and one vertical kicker magnet connects to the one power supply. The ceramic chambers cooled by the water are inserted in each kicker coils. The Abort system had been used during SuperKEKB phase 1 operation. This paper describes the performance of the abort system.
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WEPIK026	VEPP-5 Injection Complex: Two Colliders Operation Experience	injection, collider, operation, positron	2982
	D.E. Berkaev, A.V. Andrianov, K.V. Astrelina, V.V. Balakin, A.M. Batrakov, O.V. Belikov, M.F. Blinov, D. Bolkhovityanov, A. Butakov, E.V. Bykov, N.S. Dikansky, F.A. Emanov, A.R. Frolov, V.V. Gambaryan, K. Gorchakov, Ye.A. Gusev, S.E. Karnaev, G.V. Karpov, A.S. Kasaev, E. Kenzhebulatov, V.A. Kiselev, S. Kluschev, A.A. Kondakov, I. Koop, I.E. Korenev, N.Kh. Kot, V.R. Kozak, A.A. Krasnov, S.A. Krutikhin, I.V. Kuptsov, G.Y. Kurkin, N.N. Lebedev, A.E. Levichev, P.V. Logatchov, Yu. Maltseva, A.A. Murasev, V. Muslivets, D.A. Nikiforov, An.A. Novikov, A.V. Ottmar, A.V. Pavlenko, I.L. Pivovarov, V.V. Rashchenko, Yu. A. Rogovsky, S.L. Samoylov, N. Sazonov, A.V. Semenov, S.V. Shiyankov, D.B. Shwartz, A.N. Skrinsky, A.A. Starostenko, D.A. Starostenko, A.G. Tribendis, A.S. Tsyganov, S.S. Vasichev, S.V. Vasiliev, V.D. Yudin, I.M. Zemlyansky, A.N. Zhuravlev BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia A.V. Andrianov, V.V. Balakin, F.A. Emanov, I. Koop, A.A. Krasnov, A.E. Levichev, D.A. Nikiforov, A.V. Pavlenko, Yu. A. Rogovsky, D.B. Shwartz, A.A. Starostenko NSU, Novosibirsk, Russia A.I. Mickailov Budker INP & NSU, Novosibirsk, Russia A.G. Tribendis NSTU, Novosibirsk, Russia
	Two BINP colliders VEPP-4M and VEPP-2000 e⁺e⁻ colliders are under operation with the beams feeding from VEPP-5 Injection Complex via newly constructed K-500 beam transfer line. Upgraded injection chain demonstrated ability to provide designed luminosity both to VEPP-4M and VEPP-2000 and techniques of reliable operation are under development now. The design and operation experience of Injection Complex and transfer lines are presented.
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WEPIK033	LHC Beam Dump Performance in View of the High Luminosity Upgrade	kicker, operation, proton, hardware	2999
	C. Wiesner, W. Bartmann, C. Bracco, E. Carlier, L. Ducimetière, M.I. Frankl, M.A. Fraser, B. Goddard, T. Kramer, A. Lechner, N. Magnin, S. Mazzoni, M. Meddahi, V. Senaj CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) project will increase the total beam intensity in the LHC by nearly a factor of two. Analysis and follow-up of recent operational issues as well as dedicated studies of the LHC Beam Dump System (LBDS) have been carried out to ensure the safe operation with HL-LHC parameters and to decide on possible hardware upgrades to meet the HL-LHC requirements. The fail-safe design must ensure the LBDS performance also for abnormal operation such as asynchronous beam dumps or failing dilution kickers. In this paper, we report on newly observed failure scenarios as the erratic firing of more than one dilution kicker, and discuss their consequences as well as possible mitigation measures in view of the high luminosity upgrade.
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WEPIK064	Eigenvalue Calculations Based on the Finite Element Method With Physically Motivated Field Smoothing Using the Kirchhoff Integral	cavity, electromagnetic-fields, simulation, radio-frequency	3074
	W. Ackermann, H. De Gersem, T. Weiland TEMF, TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
	In current linear particle accelerators, the actual acceleration of the charged particles is realized with the help of the electric field strength within driven radio frequency resonators. The characterization and optimization of the applied resonating structures can be reliably performed based on numerical simulation techniques. Efficient numerical methods have been introduced in the last decades to determine the electromagnetic fields while special care has been put in the correct description of the geometry and the material distribution of the structures. Although the resonators are operated in a driven setup, one of the advantageous numerical strategies here is given by an eigendecomposition of the fields which is realized by the application of accurate eigenmode calculations together with suitable postprocessing steps. In particular, the extraction of representative field maps used for particle tracking for example requires an accurate numerical modeling of the field at any position inside the structure. In order to avoid numerically motivated discontinuities of the fields a proper smoothing algorithm based on the vector equivalents of the Kirchhoff integral is proposed.
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WEPIK088	Analysis of Performance Fluctuations for the CERN Proton Synchrotron Multi-Turn Extraction	proton, synchrotron, beam-losses, target	3135
	M. Giovannozzi, A. Huschauer, O. Michels, A. Nicoletti, G. Sterbini CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	After the successful beam commissioning and tests in 2015, the Multi-Turn Extraction (MTE) has been put in operation in 2016. In this paper, the remaining issues related with fluctuation of the MTE performance are evaluated and correlation studies are presented in view of estimating the impact of planned improvements.
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WEPVA029	SIS100 Tunnel Design and Status	radiation, shielding, site, operation	3316
	C. Omet, J. Falenski, G. Fehrenbacher, H. Kisker, K. Konradt, A. Sokolov, P.J. Spiller GSI, Darmstadt, Germany A. Fischer FAIR, Darmstadt, Germany
	As the FAIR project is proceeding, many of the building and tunnel designs in the meanwhile are frozen and documents are prepared for tendering. For the future FAIR driver accelerator, SIS100, the accelerator tunnel T110 comprises a 1100 m long tunnel, which has a depth of 17 m under ground. In this paper, its environmental boundary conditions, design principles and the finally chosen layout are presented.
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WEPVA033	Conceptual Design Considerations for a 1.3 TeV Superconducting SPS (scSPS)	dipole, injection, target, proton	3323
	F. Burkart, W. Bartmann, M. Benedikt, B. Goddard, A. Milanese, J.S. Schmidt CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The Future Circular Collider for hadrons (FCC-hh) envisaged at CERN will require a High Energy Booster as injector. One option being studied is to reuse the 6.9 km circumference tunnel of the SPS to house a fast-ramping superconducting machine. This paper presents the conceptual design considerations for this superconducting single aperture accelerator (designated scSPS) which can be used to accelerate protons to an extraction energy of 1.3 TeV, both for FCC and for fixed target beam operation in CERN's North Area. As FCC injector this accelerator has to be used in a fast cycling mode to fulfil the FCC-hh requirements concerning filling time, which impacts directly the choice of magnet technology. The reliability and availability will also play important roles in the design, and the inclusion of a fixed target capacity also has significant implications for the lattice and layout. The cell design, magnet parameters, overall layout, design of the different insertion and performance estimates for specific applications will be presented and discussed.
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WEPVA037	Machine Development Studies in the CERN PS Booster, in 2016	injection, emittance, booster, space-charge	3339
	E. Benedetto, S.C.P. Albright, M.E. Angoletta, W. Bartmann, J.M. Belleman, A. Blas, M. Cieslak-Kowalska, G.P. Di Giovanni, A. Findlay, V. Forte, A. Garcia-Tabares, G. Guidoboni, S. Hancock, M. Jaussi, B. Mikulec, J.C. Molendijk, A. Oeftiger, T.L. Rijoff, F. Schmidt, P. Zisopoulos CERN, Geneva, Switzerland M. Cieslak-Kowalska EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland P. Zisopoulos Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
	The paper presents the outstanding studies performed in 2016 in preparation of the PS Booster upgrade, within the LHC Injector Upgrade project (LIU), to provide twice higher brightness and intensity to the High-Luminosity LHC. Major changes include the increase of injection and extraction energy, the implementation of a H⁻ charge-exchange injection system, the replacement of the present Main Power Supply and the deployment of a new RF system (and related Low-Level), based on the Finemet technology. Although the major improvements will be visible only after the upgrade, the present machine can already benefit of the work done, in terms of better brightness, transmission and improved reproducibility of the present operational beams. Studies address the space-charge limitations at low energy, for which a detailed optics model is needed and for which mitigation measurements are under study, and the blow-up reduction at injection in the downstream machine, for which the beams need careful preparation and transmission. Moreover they address the requirements and the reliability of new beam instrumentation and hardware that is being installed in view of LIU.
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WEPVA053	New Extraction Line for the Lns Cyclotron	cyclotron, ion, emittance, quadrupole	3378
	L. Calabretta, A. Calanna, G. D'Agostino, D. Rifuggiato, A.D. Russo INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy G. D'Agostino Universita Degli Studi Di Catania, Catania, Italy
	The LNS Superconducting Cyclotron will be modified to allow the extraction by stripper of ion beams with power up to 10 kW. By choosing properly the position of the stripper foils and of the corrector magnetic channels, it is possible to convoy the trajectories of the selected representative ion beams across a new extraction channel. It is mandatory to design a new extraction line to transport these beams to the existing beam transport line. The extracted beams have an energy spread of about ±0.4%, so, the new extraction line has to compensate the correlation energy-position of the beam and to produce an achromatic waist of the beam at the common starting point of the existing transport lines. The main changes of the cyclotron will be briefly described and the performance and the features of the new extraction line will be presented too.
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WEPVA054	Study of The New Return Yoke for The Upgraded Superconducting Cyclotron of INFN-LNS	ion, cyclotron, experiment, acceleration	3381
	A. Calanna, L. Allegra, L. Calabretta, G. Costa, G. D'Agostino, G. Gallo, D. Rifuggiato, A.D. Russo INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy G. D'Agostino Universita Degli Studi Di Catania, Catania, Italy
	The LNS Superconducting Cyclotron (CS) has been working for 20 years making available a wide range of ions and energies. Its operational diagram is peculiar and many experiment are performed each year. In the near future a major upgrade is planned. This will allow to overcome the major limitation of the CS, which is the beam power limited at 100 W. In the new version of the CS, the extracted beam power will be increased up to a factor 100. This improvement will be reached adding a new extraction line dedicated to a specific set of light ions and energies extracted by stripping. The new design could affect the beam dynamics strongly. Indeed, the iron yoke penetrations don't respect the three folds symmetry of our cyclotron. This inhomogeneity produces unwanted field harmonics, which have to be reduced as much as possible to avoid beam precession or second order effects. Here the study accomplished to minimize the perturbation of the non-three fold field symmetry using the current sheet approximation (CSA) is presented, along with the state-of-art configuration of the updated cyclotron
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WEPVA064	The Pulsed Power Supplies of the SESAME Booster and Storage Ring	septum, kicker, injection, booster	3415
	E. Huttel, I.A. Abid, S.Kh. Jafar SESAME, Allan, Jordan
	SESAME the Synchrotron Radiation Light Source in Allan (Jordan) consists of an 800 MeV injector (original from BESSY I, Berlin, Germany) and a 2.5 GeV Storagering. Injection into the Booster is done by an electrostatic Septum and one stripline kicker. Extraction out of the Booster is done by means of a bumper magnet, a strip-line-line kicker and a direct driven in-vacuum septum. Injection into the Storagering is done by a direct driven out-off vacuum septum and one kicker. The pulses of all septa are full sine, the ones of the kicker half sine with exception of the extraction kicker (flat-top). Extraction Kicker and Storage ring injection kicker are switched by Thyratron, all others via transistors. This report describes the injection and extraction optics and the results of the commissioning.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2017-WEPVA064
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WEPVA081	Topology Optimization for a Superconducting Cyclotron Main Magnet	cyclotron, proton, software, target	3446
	L.G. Zhang, K. Fan, S. Hu, L.X.F. Li, Z.Y. Mei, B. Qin, Z.J. Zeng HUST, Wuhan, People's Republic of China W. Chen Huazhong University of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology,, Hubei, People's Republic of China
	Main magnet is the heaviest component in a superconducting cyclotron, which occupies a large amount of cost. Topology optimization method is implanted to minimize the weight of main magnet while keep the field performance, which will make significant economic benefit. Due to the powerful superconducting coils, the main magnet is driven into saturation, and the nonlinear effect of the material must be considered. If the ordinary standard density method is used for the main magnet structure optimization, the nonlinear B-H relation have to be interpolated and the sensitivity analysis is very complicated. In this paper, a proper 2D model is established and the optimization formulation is given using standard density method. Then, the optimized topology of the main magnet for a 250MeV superconducting proton cyclotron is designed.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2017-WEPVA081
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WEPVA097	Upgrading the SPS Fast Extraction Kicker Systems for HL-LHC	kicker, impedance, electron, resonance	3483
	M.J. Barnes, M.S. Beck, H.A. Day, L. Ducimetière, E. Garcia-Tabares Valdivieso, B. Goddard, H. Neupert, A. Romano, L. Vega Cid, W.J.M. Weterings CERN, Geneva, Switzerland C. Zannini ADAM SA, Geneva, Switzerland
	The CERN SPS has two fast extraction systems, each consisting of travelling wave kicker magnets (MKEs). The beam induced heating in the ferrite yoke of these magnets was historically kept to an acceptable level by implementing water cooling of the kicker magnets: in addition serigraphy was applied on the surfaces of the ferrite yoke facing the beam. Nevertheless, high intensity beams needed in the future for HL-LHC will significantly increase the beam induced heating, potentially raising the MKE ferrite yoke temperature to its Curie point. Hence detailed studies of longitudinal beam coupling impedance were carried out to identify simple but effective methods of further reducing beam induced power deposition. Based on the results of these studies, and in the framework of the LHC Injectors Upgrade (LIU) project, an upgraded MKE kicker magnet was installed during the 2015-2016 shutdown. This paper reports and compares results of predictions, laboratory measurements, temperature measurements during SPS operation, and machine development studies. Measurements of both dynamic pressure rise in the upgraded magnet and Secondary Electron Yield, on samples, are also reported.
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WEPVA098	Measurements on a 12.5 kV Prototype Inductive Adder for the CLIC DR Extraction Kickers	flattop, kicker, damping, collider	3487
	J. Holma, M.J. Barnes CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The CLIC study is investigating the technical feasibility of an electron-positron collider with high luminosity and a nominal centre-of-mass energy of 3 TeV. The pre-damping rings and damping rings (DRs) will produce ultra-low emittance beam with high bunch charge. To avoid beam emittance increase, the DR kicker systems must provide extremely stable field pulses during injection and extraction of bunches. The DR extraction kicker system consists of a stripline kicker and two pulse modulators. The current specifications for the modulators call for pulses with 160 ns or 900 ns flattop duration of ±12.5 kV and 305 A, with ripple of not more than ±0.02 % (±2.5 V). An inductive adder is a very promising approach to meeting the specifications because analogue modulation methods can be applied to adjust the output waveform. Recently, the first full-scale, 20-layer, 12.5 kV prototype inductive adder has been assembled at CERN and testing has commenced. The goal is to tailor the output waveform of the prototype to the waveform required for the DR extraction stripline kicker. The results of the initial tests and measurements are presented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2017-WEPVA098
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WEPVA099	Influence of Conducting Serigraphy Upon Field Pulse Shape of the SPS Extraction Kicker Systems	kicker, flattop, impedance, high-voltage	3491
	A. Adraktas, M.J. Barnes, L. Ducimetière CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Fast pulsed magnets with ferrite yokes are used for beam extraction from the CERN SPS accelerator. These kickers are transmission line type magnets with a rectangular shaped aperture through which the beam circulates. Unless special precautions are taken, the beam impedance of the yoke can provoke significant induced heating, especially for high intensity beams. Previous upgrades of the SPS extraction kicker magnets have included silver fingers serigraphed on the surface of the ferrite facing the beam, to help shield the ferrite yoke from circulating beam. Beam based measurements of the extracted beam indicated that the serigraphy may influence the shape of the field pulse, causing it to increase slightly in magnitude during the flat-top. Hence theoretical studies have been carried out to determine whether the serigraphy influences the field pulse: these studies are reported in this paper.
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WEPVA101	Review of Stripline Beam Impedance: Application to the Extraction Kicker for the CLIC Damping Rings	impedance, coupling, simulation, kicker	3499
	C. Belver-Aguilar, M.J. Barnes CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The beam coupling impedance of the stripline kicker for beam extraction from the CLIC Damping Rings (DRs) has been studied analytically, numerically with CST Particle Studio (PS) and measured in the laboratory, although not all the results were understood. In order to have a better knowledge about the beam coupling impedance of a stripline kicker, a simple model has been first studied, with flat electrodes and a cylindrical beam pipe. From this preliminary study, a new approach for the dipolar component of the horizontal impedance has been derived, when considering both odd and even operating modes of the striplines. This new approach has been used to understand the differences found between the predicted transverse impedance and the two wire measurements carried out in the laboratory for the prototype CLIC DR striplines. Future tests of beam coupling impedance with beam in the ALBA Synchrotron Ligth Source will complete this study.
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THPAB025	Simulation Studies of Transverse Beam Instabilities and Measures Beyond 1 MW Beam Power in the 3-GeV RCS of J-PARC	impedance, simulation, injection, acceleration	3750
	P.K. Saha, H. Hotchi, Y. Shobuda JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan
	The transverse impedance of the extraction kicker magnets is a significant beam instability source in the 3-GeV RCS (Rapid Cycling Synchrotron) of J-PARC (Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex). The systematic simulation studies for beam instability by including the space charge effect has been done by using the ORBIT code. The simulation results are well reproduced in the corresponding measurements. The designed 1 MW beam power has recently been accomplished by keeping sextuple magnets off in order to stabilize the beam by utilizing the large lattice chromaticity throughout the entire acceleration period. The RCS simultaneously delivers extracted beam to the MLF (Material and Life Science Experimental Facility) and the MR (Main Ring). In order to ensure 1 MW beam power at the MLF even when RCS beam sharing to the MR is twice increased as well as when a second target station is constructed at the MLF, a beam power of 1.5 MW has to be realized in the RCS. However, the simulation shows that beyond 1 MW the beam is unstable even if no chromaticity is corrected. A reduction of the kicker impedance by at least a half is required in order to achieve 1.5 MW beam power in the RCS.
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THPAB090	Algorithm to Calculate Off-Plane Magnetic Field From an on-Plane Field Map	simulation, optics, dipole, proton	3928
	N. Tsoupas, J.S. Berg, F. Méot, V. Ptitsyn, D. Trbojevic BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA S.A. Kahn Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA S. Machida STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
	Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy. We present an algorithm to calculate the off-plane components of the magnetic field from the on-plane components of the magnetic field which are measured on a grid of the plane. The algorithm, which is a general one and it is not restricted on a mid-plane symmetry, is based on the Taylor series expansion of the magnetic field components in terms of the normal to the plane location. The coefficients of the Taylor series expansion are expressed in terms of the on-plane derivatives of the field components which are generated by the measured magnetic field components on the grid of the plane. The algorithm is use in the RATRACE computer code[] and has been used[] on a dipole magnet with median plane symmetry. S.B. Kowalski and H.A. Enge The Ion-Optical Program Raytrace NIM A258 (1987) 407 ** N. Tsoupas et. al. Effects of Dipole Magnet Inhomogeneity on the Beam Ellipsoid NIM A258 (1987) 421-425
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THPAB142	Initial Beam Results of CERN ELENA's Digital Low-Level RF System	LLRF, HLRF, operation, diagnostics	4054
	M.E. Angoletta, S.C.P. Albright, S. Energico, S. Hancock, M. Jaussi, A.J. Jones, J.C. Molendijk, M.M. Paoluzzi, J. Sanchez-Quesada CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The Extra Low ENergy Antiproton (ELENA) decelerator is under commissioning at CERN. This decelerator is equipped with a new digital low-level RF (LLRF) system, in-house developed and belonging to the LLRF family already deployed in CERN's PS Booster and Low Energy Ion Ring (LEIR) synchrotrons. New features to adapt it to the demanding requirements of ELENA's operation include new, low noise ADC daughtercards and a fixed-frequency clocking scheme. This paper gives an overview of the LLRF system; initial beam results are also shown together with hints on the future system upgrade.
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THPAB143	Operational Experience With the New Digital Low-Level RF System for CERN's PS Booster	LLRF, HLRF, emittance, booster	4058
	M.E. Angoletta, S.C.P. Albright, A. Findlay, S. Hancock, M. Jaussi, J.C. Molendijk, J. Sanchez-Quesada CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The four rings of CERN's PS Booster have been equipped in 2014 with a new digital low-level RF (LLRF) system based upon a new, in-house developed LLRF family. This is a second-generation LLRF family that has been since then deployed on other synchrotrons. The paper provides an overview of the system's commissioning and first years of operation. In particular, an overview is given of the main system features and capabilities, such as beam loops and longitudinal beam blowup implementation. Operational improvements with respect to the previous, analogue digital LLRF are also mentioned, together with the planned system evolution to satisfy new requirements.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2017-THPAB143
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THPAB144	The New LEIR Digital Low-Level RF System	LLRF, HLRF, operation, low-level-rf	4062
	M.E. Angoletta, S.C.P. Albright, A. Findlay, M. Haase, S. Hancock, M. Jaussi, J.C. Molendijk, M.M. Paoluzzi, J. Sanchez-Quesada CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	CERN's Low Energy Ion Ring (LEIR) low-level RF (LLRF) system has been successfully upgraded in 2016 to the new digital, LLRF family for frequency-sweeping synchrotrons developed at CERN. For LEIR it implements not only beam loops but also the voltage and phase loops required for the control of two Finemet-based High-Level RF (HLRF) systems. This paper gives an overview of the system and of new requirements implemented, such as the parallel operation of two HLRF systems. Beam results for the 2016 lead ions run are also shown.
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THPAB146	Investigation of the Remanent Field of the SPS Main Dipoles and Possible Solutions for Machine Operation	dipole, closed-orbit, operation, proton	4069
	F.M. Velotti, H. Bartosik, J. Bauche, M.C.L. Buzio, K. Cornelis, M.A. Fraser, V. Kain CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) provides different types of beams at different extraction energies. The main magnets of the SPS are regulated with a current loop, but it has turned out that hysteresis effects from the main dipoles have a significant impact on reproducibility and hence efficiency and availability. Beam and machine parameters were found to depend on the programmed sequence of magnetic cycles - the so-called super cycle - representing the production of the different beams. The scientific program of the SPS requires frequent changes of the supercycle composition and the effect of the main magnet hysteresis has to be understood, modelled and used in accelerator control system. This paper summarises the first main field measurements carried out with the currently available systems during operational conditions as well as measurements of vital machine and beam parameters as a function of the super cycle composition. Finally, ideas will be presented to provide reproducibility by automatically correcting different parameters taking the magnetic history of the main magnets into account.
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THPIK079	Developments and Measurements Done at ALBA Magnetic Measurements Laboratory Along 2016	dipole, quadrupole, alignment, storage-ring	4266
	J. Campmany, L.G.O. Garcia-Orta, J. Marcos, V. Massana ALBA-CELLS Synchrotron, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
	Along 2016, ALBA magnetic measurements laboratory has measured magnets for a number of facilities that are being built over the world. Their measurement has been a challenge in terms of improving the methodologies of fiducialization and data analysis, since we have to accommodate to the different set of magnets characteristics and specifications. Especially relevant has been the measurement of closed structures using a conventional Hall probe bench, making the measurement in two steps and relying on alignment accuracy to merge both measurements. In this paper we enumerate the different projects in which ALBA has collaborated, and we remark the method for aligning the quadrupoles to the rotating coil, as well the methodology used to measure closed magnets in two steps with the conventional Hall probe bench.
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THPIK113	Tuner of a Second Harmonic Cavity of the Fermilab Booster	cavity, injection, booster, resonance	4362
	I. Terechkine, K.L. Duel, R.L. Madrak, A.V. Makarov, G.V. Romanov, D. Sun, C.-Y. Tan Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	Introducing a second harmonic cavity in the accelerating system of the Fermilab Booster promises significant reduction of the particle beam loss during the injection, transition, and extraction stages. To follow the changing energy of the beam during acceleration cycles, the cavity is equipped with a tuner that employs perpendicularly biased AL800 garnet material as the frequency tuning media. The required tuning range of the cavity is from 75.73 MHz at injection to 10⁵.64 MHz at extraction. This large range necessitates the use of a relatively low bias magnetic field at injection, which could lead to high RF loss power density in the garnet, or a strong bias magnetic field at extraction, which could result in high power consumption in the tuner's bias magnet. The required 15 Hz repetition rate of the device and high sensitivity of the local RF power loss to the level of the magnetic field added to the challenges of the bias system design. In this report, the main features of a proposed prototype of the second harmonic cavity tuner are presented.
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THPIK116	Static Magnetization Properties of AL800 Garnet Material	cavity, booster, injection, power-supply	4370
	J. Kuharik, R.L. Madrak, A.V. Makarov, W. Pellico, D. Sun, C.-Y. Tan, I. Terechkine Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	A second harmonic tunable RF cavity is being developed for the Fermilab Booster. This device, which promises reduction of the particle beam loss at the injection, transition, and extraction stages, employs perpendicularly biased garnet material for the frequency tuning. The required range of the tuning is significantly wider than in previously built and tested tunable RF devices. As a result, the magnetic field in the garnet becomes fairly close to the gyromagnetic resonance line at the lower end of the frequency range. The chosen design concept of a tuner for the cavity cannot ensure uniform magnetic field in the garnet material; thus it is important to know the static magnetic properties of the material to avoid significant increase in the local RF loss power density. This report summarizes studies performed at Fermilab to understand variations in the magnetic properties of the AL-800 garnet material used to build the tuner of the cavity.
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THPVA031	Beam Tests of Diamond-Like Carbon Coating for Mitigation of Electron Cloud	electron, proton, operation, emittance	4497
	J.S. Eldred, M. Backfish, C.-Y. Tan, R.M. Zwaska Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA S. Kato KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
	Electron cloud beam instabilities are an important consideration in virtually all high-energy particle accelerators and could pose a formidable challenge to forthcoming high-intensity accelerator upgrades. Our results evaluate the efficacy of a diamond-like carbon (DLC) coating for the mitigation of electron in the Fermilab Main Injector. The interior surface of the beampipe conditions in response to electron bombardment from the electron cloud and we track the change in electron cloud flux over time in the DLC coated beampipe and uncoated stainless steel beampipe. The electron flux is measured by retarding field analyzers placed in a field-free region of the Main Injector. We find the DLC coating reduces the electron cloud signal to roughly 2\% of that measured in the uncoated stainless steel beampipe.
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THPVA056	Study of Influence of Dipole and Quadrupole Power Ripple on Slow Extraction for XiPAF	simulation, quadrupole, dipole, resonance	4569
	Q. Zhang, G.R. Li, Z.Y. Lin, X.W. Wang, H.J. Yao, S.X. Zheng TUB, Beijing, People's Republic of China X. Guan Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	The 3rd resonant slow extraction and RF-Knockout technology has been adopted for XiPAF, which was designed for proton therapy and single event effects. The separatrix of stable region will fluctuate in the process of slow extraction due to power ripple, hence influence the uniform of extracted beam and the extraction efficiency. The influence of dipole and quadrupole power ripple is studied in theory and simulated by a MPI parallel multi-particle program, a method of making beam less sensitive to power ripple is discussed and verified by simulation.
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THPVA074	Upgrade Study of the MedAustron Ion Beam Center	ion, quadrupole, betatron, synchrotron	4619
	A. De Franco, T.T. Böhlen, F. Farinon, G. Kowarik, M. Kronberger, C. Kurfürst, S. Nowak, F. Osmić, M.T.F. Pivi, C. Schmitzer, P. Urschütz, A. Wastl EBG MedAustron, Wr. Neustadt, Austria
	Funding: This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sk'odowska-Curie grant agreement No 675265. MedAustron is a synchrotron-based ion beam therapy center allowing the treatment of tumours with protons and other light ion species, in particular C⁶⁺. Commissioning of the first irradiation room for clinical therapy with proton beams has been completed and in parallel to the commissioning of the remaining two irradiation rooms, a facility upgrade study has started. Our analysis includes considerations for the possibility to introduce different extraction mechanisms, new diagnostic tools, optimization of the accelerator cycle time, ripples mitigation for more accurate active beam stabilization and other improvements for hardware reliability. We present the concept, the main benefits, also in terms of treatment time reduction, and the challenges for implementation. Each option will be investigated including a detailed assessment on resources demand, impact and risk analysis.
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THPVA075	Beam Measurements in the MedAustron Synchrotron With Slow Extraction and Off-Momentum Operation	emittance, synchrotron, betatron, pick-up	4623
	C. Kurfürst, A. De Franco, F. Farinon, M. Kronberger, S. Myalski, S. Nowak, F. Osmić, M.T.F. Pivi, C. Schmitzer, P. Urschütz, A. Wastl EBG MedAustron, Wr. Neustadt, Austria A. Garonna TERA, Novara, Italy T.K.D. Kulenkampff CERN, Geneva, Switzerland L.C. Penescu Abstract Landscapes, Montpellier, France
	The MedAustron Ion Therapy Center is a medical accelerator facility for hadron therapy cancer treatment using protons and carbon ions. The facility features 4 irradiation rooms, three of which are dedicated to clinical operation and a fourth one dedicated to non-clinical research. The latter was handed over to researchers in autumn 2016. A 7 MeV/n injector feeds a 77 m circumference synchrotron which provides beams for treatment and research. Routine verification measurements in the synchrotron involve beam emittance, dispersion as well as tunes and chromaticity. The horizontal and vertical emittance are measured using scraping plates and a direct current transformer. The dispersion function in the ring is determined by sweeping the synchrotron RF frequency while measuring the beam position in the shoe-box pick-ups. The horizontal and vertical betatron tune and chromaticity are measured with Direct Diode Detection electronics, developed at CERN, while changing the beam position with the RF radial loop. The beam is kept off-momentum, thus in dispersive regions the closed orbit is largely offset from the central orbit. Methods for beam measurements in the synchrotron are presented.
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THPVA076	Overview and Status of the MedAustron Ion Therapy Center Accelerator	proton, ion, synchrotron, quadrupole	4627
	M.T.F. Pivi, A. De Franco, F. Farinon, M. Kronberger, C. Kurfürst, S. Myalski, S. Nowak, F. Osmić, C. Schmitzer, P. Urschütz, A. Wastl EBG MedAustron, Wr. Neustadt, Austria T.K.D. Kulenkampff CERN, Geneva, Switzerland L.C. Penescu Abstract Landscapes, Montpellier, France
	The synchrotron-based MedAustron accelerator in Wiener Neustadt, Austria, has seen the first clinical beam and has been certified as a medical accelerator in December 2016. This represented a major milestone for the facility whose original design originated more than a decade ago and construction started four years ago. The accelerator is designed to deliver clinical proton beams 60-253 MeV and carbon ions 120-400 MeV/u to three ion therapy irradiation rooms (IRs), including a room with a proton Gantry. Beams up to 800 MeV will be provided to a fourth room dedicated to non-clinical research. Presently, proton beams are delivered to the horizontal beam lines of three irradiation rooms. In parallel, commissioning of the accelerator with Carbon ions and the installation of the Gantry beam line are ongoing. At MedAustron, a third-order resonance extraction method is used to extract particles from the synchrotron in a slow controlled process over a spill time of 0.1-10 seconds to facilitate the measurement and control of the delivered radiation dose during clinical treatments. The main characteristics of the accelerator and the results obtained during the commissioning are presented.
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THPVA082	Multi-Energy Trial Operation of the HIT Medical Synchrotron: Accelerator Model and Data Supply	ion, synchrotron, acceleration, controls	4644
	M. Galonska, E. Feldmeier, Th. Haberer, A. Peters, C. Schömers HIT, Heidelberg, Germany
	At the Heidelberg ion beam therapy center (HIT) cancer patients are treated with the raster-scanning dose delivery method of heavy ion pencil beams. The beams are provided by a synchrotron which allows for a variation of the ion penetration depth by changing the ion beam energy for each synchrotron cycle. In order to change the beam energy within one synchrotron cycle the accelerator model and data supply model within the control system have been extended extensively. In this first data supply model beam re-acceleration or deceleration between two arbitrary extraction energies is defined. The model defines an additional transition phase, i.e. current/set value patterns between extraction and the re-acceleration yet giving the possibility of setting the beam properties suitable for further acceleration/deceleration. This includes the dipoles, correctors, quadrupoles, sextupoles, KO-Exciter (spill break), and RF. This allowed for the survey and optimisation of the beam properties including possible beam losses of the re-accelerated, transversally blown up beam for arbitrary energy levels.
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THPVA083	First Tests of a Re-accelerated Beam at Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Centre (HIT)	synchrotron, ion, operation, acceleration	4647
	C. Schömers, E. Feldmeier, M. Galonska, Th. Haberer, J.T. Horn, A. Peters HIT, Heidelberg, Germany
	In the active raster scanning method performed at HIT since 2009, tumors are irradiated slice-by-slice by changing the extraction energy. The synchrotron provides a library of 255 different extraction-energy levels per ion type, according to the aimed penetration depth. So far, a new synchrotron cycle is started for each iso-energy-slice resulting in a non-optimal duty cycle. In order to reduce treatment time and to increase the number of patients treated per day, synchrotron cycles with several extraction flattops on different energy levels are planned. After completing one iso-energy-slice, remaining particles will be reaccelerated to the adjacent level. As a first test a new data supply model generating patterns for power supplies and RF devices with two different extraction flattops has been implemented recently. The properties of the reaccelerated beam are now under detailed examination. The reaccelerated beam was successfully extracted and guided to the experimental area. Ionization chambers along the beam line clearly show two spills on two different extraction flattops. The desired change of beam energy has been verified by range measurements in a water column.
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THPVA100	Future Plans of ADS Proton Drivers at Kyoto University Research Reactor Institute	proton, synchrotron, neutron, kicker	4695
	Y. Ishi, Y. Kuriyama, Y. Mori, T. Uesugi Kyoto University, Research Reactor Institute, Osaka, Japan
	The accelerator complex using FFAG synchrotrons at Kyoto University Research Reactor Institute has been operated for the ADS experiments connecting the 100 MeV proton beam line with the research reactor facility KUCA (Kyoto University Critical Assembly) since 2009. Number of neutrons produced through the nuclear spallation process strongly depends on the beam energy of the pri- mary protons. If the beam energy is increased from 100 MeV to 400 MeV, the number of neutrons corresponding to single primary proton is increased by a factor of 20. Therefore, the energy upgrade of the accelerator facility is desired by the reactor physicists. A new 400 MeV FFAG synchrotron has been designed. The results of the feasibility study of the 400 MeV ring will be presented.
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THPVA101	Scanning Irradiation System at SAGA-HIMAT	operation, synchrotron, ion, lattice	4698
	M. Kanazawa, M. Endo, T. Himukai, M. Kitamura, M. Mizota, A. Nakagawara, H. Sato, Y. Shioyama, T. Totoki, Y. Tsunashima SAGA HIMAT, Saga, Japan
	In SAGA-HIMAT, 620 patients have been treated by use of two irradiation rooms in 2015 financial year, where passive irradiation method is adopted. To increase treatment capacity of our facility, we have started the construction of the third treatment room at the beginning of 2014 with a scanning irradiation system. In the new treatment room (room C), there are horizontal and vertical irradiation courses. This construction was required to carry out without interruptions on the treatments in room A and room B. At the end of 2016 financial year, the system tests are almost scheduled to be ready for treatment. In this presentation, we will give obtained performances of our scanning system.
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THPVA109	Design and Fuild-Solid-Heat Coupling Analysis of an Electrostatic Deflector for Hust SCC250 Proton Therapy Facility	septum, proton, cyclotron, coupling	4713
	S. Hu, K. Fan, L.X.F. Li, Z.Y. Mei, Z.J. Zeng, L.G. Zhang HUST, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
	The study of proton therapy equipment has earned more and more attention in recent years in China. A superconducting cyclotron based proton therapy facility is being developed for/at Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST). The proton beam is extracted by means of electrostatic deflectors followed by a series of magnetic channels. This paper introduces the design of an electrostatic deflector, including the structure optimization and the material selections. In order to minimize the risk of destruction caused by the proton beam loss, fluid-solid-heat coupling analysis for the deflector has been conducted by applying computational fluid dynamics (CFD) on ANSYS 16.0 software. The maximum temperatures of the septum in various cases of cooling water speed, septum thickness and material have been investigated respectively. The result based on thermal analysis will give us a valuable reference to choose a suitable configuration for the deflector.
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THPVA111	Central Region Design for a Superconducting Cyclotron in the HUST Proton Therapy Facility	proton, ion, ion-source, cyclotron	4716
	Z.Y. Mei, K. Fan, S. Hu, L.X.F. Li, Z.J. Zeng, L.G. Zhang HUST, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
	A 250 MeV isochronous superconducting cyclotron was adopted in the HUST proton therapy facility. Since the proton beam quality is often limited by the parameters of the central region, special care is given to the design and optimization of the central region to obtain a qualified proton beam using for treatment. An internal proton PIG source with constant arc current is adopted to meet the stability requirements of the beam. Furthermore, a puller followed by an adjustable slit and a fixed vertical collimator are installed to maintain a good centering and vertical focusing beam with maximum intensity. In order to meet the requirement of the intensity modulated proton therapy (IMPT), a vertical kicker is used just followed the puller. The central region structure is optimized iteratively with the simulation results of the OPERA3D and the CYCLONE code. An optimum central region structure has been obtained with RF phase acceptance is around 24°. This paper presents the design parameters of the central region and the results of the proton beam simulation.
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THPVA120	Present Status of the SC202 Superconducting Cyclotron Project	cyclotron, simulation, cavity, proton	4730
	G.A. Karamysheva, S. Gurskiy, O. Karamyshev, G. Kazakova, N.A. Morozov, D.V. Popov, E.V. Samsonov, G. Shirkov, S.G. Shirkov, G.V. Trubnikov JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia Y.F. Bi, G. Chen, Y. Chen, K.Z. Ding, H. Feng, J. Li, Y. Song, Y.H. Xie, Q. Yang, J. Zheng ASIPP, Hefei, People's Republic of China V. Malinin JINR/DLNP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
	In 2015 the joint project with ASIPP (Hefei, China) on design and construction of superconducting proton cyclotron SC202 was started. Two copies of SC202 shall be produced, according to the Collaboration Agreement between JINR and ASIPP. One will be used for proton therapy in Hefei and the second one will be used to replace the Phasotron in the research and treatment program on proton therapy at JINR. Recent status of the SC202 superconducting cyclotron for hadron therapy design and manufacture is presented.
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Paper

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MOPAB031

Orbit Measurements in the BESSY II Booster in Preparation for Quasi-Low-Alpha Operation

booster, injection, data-acquisition, lattice

146

T. Atkinson, E. Motuk, M. Ries, M. Ulrich
HZB, Berlin, Germany

Diagnostic refurbishments are ongoing in the booster synchrotron in preparation for the near future Variable pulse Storage Ring (VSR) project at BESSY II. Essential orbit measurements have been re-installed after almost two decades of latency. This diagnostic will help assess the effectiveness of the possible upgrade scenarios such as quasi-low-alpha operation and extraction optimization. The contribution presents the preliminary results of the continual global upgrade of the injector systems.

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MOPIK031

COSY Extraction Line Characterization and Modeling

quadrupole, optics, proton, storage-ring

567

B. Lorentz, M. Bai, Y. Dutheil, R. Tölle, C. Weidemann
FZJ, Jülich, Germany

COSY is a versatile racetrack-type synchrotron accelerating protons and deuterons in a range of rigidity between 1 T m and 11 T m. Circulating beam can be slowly extracted on a third order resonance and channeled towards different users. New users of the COSY beam have presented new challenges with specific requests, most notably in term of beam shape. This in turn drove a strong interest to develop and improve characterization and modeling methods in the COSY extraction beam line. In this contribution we will present the different beam characterization methods used and their limitations. We will then discuss the modeling of the line and the importance of an accurate and reliable model of the extraction line. Some of the latest beam measurements are presented and compared to modeled results.

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MOPIK033

The Development of a New Low Field Septum Magnet System for Fast Extraction in Main Ring of J-PARC

septum, feedback, operation, power-supply

573

T. Shibata, K. Ishii, H. Matsumoto, N. Matsumoto, T. Sugimoto
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
K.J. Kuanjun
HUST, Wuhan, People's Republic of China

The J-PARC Main Ring (MR) is being upgraded to improve its beam power to the design goal of 750 kW. One important way is to reduce the repetition period from 2.48 s to 1.3 s so that the beam power can be nearly doubled. We need to improve the septum magnets for fast extraction. We are improving the magnets and their power supplies. The present magnets which is conventional type have problem in durability of septum coil by its vibration, and large leakage field. The new magnets are eddy current type. The eddy current type does not have septum coil, but has a thin plate. We expect that there is no problem in durability, we can construct the thin septum plate, the leakage field can be reduced. The output of the present power supply are pattern current which of flat top is 10 ms width, the new one is short pulse which of one is 10 us. The short pulse consists of 1st and 3rd higher harmonic. We can expect that the flatness and reproducibility of flat top current can be improved. The calorific power can be also reduced. This paper will report the field measurement results with the eddy septum magnet systems.

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MOPIK036

Study of the Magnetizing Relationship of the Kickers for CSNS

kicker, neutron, software, target

582

M.Y. Huang, Y.W. An, S. Fu, N. Huang, W. Kang, Y.Q. Liu, L. Shen, L. Wang, S. Wang, Y.W. Wu, S.Y. Xu, J. Zhai, J. Zhang
IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Funding: Work supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (11205185)
The extraction system of CSNS mainly consists of two kinds of magnets: eight kickers and one lambertson magnet. In this paper, firstly, the magnetic test results of the eight kickers were introduced and then the filed uniformity and magnetizing relationship of the kickers were given. Secondly, during the beam commissioning in the future, in order to obtain more accurate magnetizing relationship, a new method to measure the magnetizing coefficients of the kickers by the real extraction beam was given and the data analysis would also be processed.

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MOPIK044

The Use of a Passive Scatterer for SPS Slow Extraction Beam Loss Reduction

scattering, septum, proton, simulation

607

B. Goddard, B. Balhan, J.C.C.M. Borburgh, M.A. Fraser, L.S. Stoel, F.M. Velotti
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

A significant reduction in the fraction of protons lost on the SPS electrostatic septum ES during resonant slow extraction is highly desirable for present Fixed-Target beam operation, and will become mandatory for the proposed SHiP experiment, which is now being studied in the framework of CERN's Physics Beyond Colliders program. In this paper the possible use of a passive scattering device (diffuser) is investigated. The physics processes underlying the use of a diffuser are described, and the dependence on the diffuser geometry, material and location of the potential loss reduction on the electrostatic septum (ES) wires is investigated with a semi-analytical approach. Numerical simulations to quantify the expected performance gain for the optimum configuration are presented, and the results discussed in view of the feasibility of a potential realisation in the SPS.

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MOPIK045

SPS Slow Extraction Losses and Activation: Challenges and Possibilities for Improvement

proton, radioactivity, target, simulation

611

M.A. Fraser, B. Balhan, H. Bartosik, C. Bertone, D. Björkman, J.C.C.M. Borburgh, N. Conan, K. Cornelis, R. Garcia Alia, L. Gatignon, B. Goddard, Y. Kadi, V. Kain, A. Mereghetti, F. Roncarolo, P.M. Schicho, J. Spanggaard, O. Stein, L.S. Stoel, F.M. Velotti, H. Vincke
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

In 2015 the highest integrated number of protons in the history of the North Area was slow extracted from the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) for the Fixed Target physics programme. At well over 1.10¹⁹ protons on target (POT), this represented the highest annual figure at SPS for almost two decades, since the West Area Neutrino Facility was operational some 20 years ago. The high intensity POT requests have continued into 2016-17 and look set to do so for the foreseeable future, especially in view of the proposed SPS Beam Dump Facility and experiments, e.g. SHiP*, which are requesting up to 4·10¹⁹ POT per year. Without significant improvements, the attainable annual POT will be limited to well below the total the SPS machine could deliver, due to activation of accelerator equipment and associated personnel dose limitations. In this contribution, the issues arising from the recent high activation levels are discussed along with the steps taken to understand, manage and mitigate these issues. The research avenues being actively pursued to improve the slow extraction related beam loss for present operation and future requests are outlined, and their relative merits discussed.
*A. Golutvin et al., ‘‘A Facility to Search for Hidden Particles (SHiP) at the CERN SPS'', CERN, Geneva, Switzerland, Rep. CERN-SPSC-2015-016 (SPSC-P-350), Apr. 2015.

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MOPIK046

Phase Space Folding Studies for Beam Loss Reduction During Resonant Slow Extraction at the CERN SPS

multipole, sextupole, simulation, proton

615

L.S. Stoel, M. Benedikt, K. Cornelis, M.A. Fraser, B. Goddard, V. Kain, F.M. Velotti
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The requested number of protons slow-extracted from the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) for Fixed Target (FT) physics is expected to continue increasing in the coming years, especially if the proposed SPS Beam Dump Facility is realised. Limits on the extracted intensity are already being considered to mitigate the dose to personnel during interventions required to maintain the extraction equipment, especially the electrostatic extraction septum. In addition to other on-going studies and technical developments, a reduction of the beam loss per extracted proton will play a crucial role in the future performance reach of the FT experimental programme at the SPS. In this paper a concept is investigated to reduce the fraction of beam impacting the extraction septum by folding the arm of the phase space separatrix. Beam dynamics simulations for the concept are presented and compared to the phase space acceptance of the extraction channel. The performance potential of the concept at SPS is evaluated and discussed alongside the necessary changes to the non-linear optical elements in the machine.

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MOPIK048

Experimental Results of Crystal-Assisted Slow Extraction at the SPS

proton, detector, experiment, collimation

623

M.A. Fraser, S.S. Gilardoni, B. Goddard, V. Kain, D. Mirarchi, S. Montesano, S. Petrucci, S. Redaelli, R. Rossi, W. Scandale, L.S. Stoel, F.M. Velotti
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
F.M. Addesa, G. Cavoto, F. Iacoangeli
INFN-Roma, Roma, Italy
F. Galluccio
INFN-Napoli, Napoli, Italy
F. Murtas
INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy

The possibility of extracting highly energetic particles from the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) by means of silicon bent crystals has been explored since the 1990's. The channelling effect of a bent crystal can be used to strongly deflect primary protons and eject them from the synchrotron. Many studies and experiments have been carried out to investigate crystal channelling effects. The extraction of 120 and 270 GeV proton beams has already been demonstrated in the SPS with dedicated experiments located in the ring. Presently in the SPS, the UA9 experiment is performing studies to evaluate the possibility to use bent silicon crystals to steer particle beams in high energy accelerators. Recent studies on the feasibility of extraction from the SPS have been made using the UA9 infrastructure with a longer-term view of using crystals to help mitigate slow extraction induced activation of the SPS. In this paper, the possibility to eject particles into the extraction channel in LSS2 using the bent crystals already installed in the SPS is presented. Details of the concept, simulations and measurements carried out with beam are presented, before the outlook for the future is discussed.

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MOPIK049

SPS Slow Extracted Spill Quality During the 2016 Run

target, quadrupole, power-supply, experiment

627

V. Kain, J. Bauche, P. Catherine, K. Cornelis, M.A. Fraser, L. Gatignon, C.M. Genton, B. Goddard, K. Kahle, M. Magrans de Abril, O. Michels, L.S. Stoel, F.M. Velotti
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The flux of particles slow extracted with the 1/3 integer resonance from the Super Proton Synchrotron at CERN should ideally be constant over the length of the extraction plateau, for optimum use of the beam by the fixed target experiments. The extracted intensity is controlled in feed-forward correction of the horizontal tune via the main SPS quadrupoles. The Mains power supply noise at 50 Hz and harmonics is also corrected in feed-forward by small amplitude tune modulation at the respective frequencies with a dedicated additional quadrupole circuit. In 2016 the spill quality could be much improved with respect to the situation of the previous year with more performant algorithms. In this paper the improved tools are described and the characteristics of the SPS slow extracted spill in terms of macro structure and typical frequency content are shown. Other sources of perturbation were, however, also present in 2016 which frequently caused the spill quality to be much reduced. The different effects are discussed and possible or actual solutions detailed. Finally, the evolution of the spill quality during characteristic periods in the 2016 run is presented.

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MOPIK050

Reduction of Resonant Slow Extraction Losses with Shadowing of Septum Wires by a Bent Crystal

proton, simulation, collimation, septum

631

F.M. Velotti, M.A. Fraser, B. Goddard, V. Kain, W. Scandale, L.S. Stoel
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

A new experiment, SHiP, is being studied at CERN to investigate the existence of three Heavy Neutral Leptons in order to give experimental proof to the proposed neutrino minimal Standard Model. High-intensity slow-extraction of protons from the SPS is a pre-requisite for SHiP. The experiment requires a resonant extraction with in a 7.2 s cycle, and about 4·10¹³ protons extracted at 400 GeV in a 1 s flat-top, to achieve the needed 2·10²⁰ protons on target in five years. Although the SPS has delivered this in the past to the CNGS experiment with fast extraction, for SHiP beam losses and activation of the SPS electrostatic extraction septum (ZS) could be a serious performance limitation, since the target number of protons to resonantly extract per year is a factor of two higher than ever achieved before and a factor of four than ever reached with the third-integer slow extraction. In this paper, a novel extraction technique to significantly reduce the losses at the ZS is proposed, based on the use of a bent crystal to shadow the septum wires. Theoretical concepts are developed, the performance gain quantified and a possible layout proposed.

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MOPIK092

Computer Modelling of the SC202 Superconducting Cyclotron for Hadron Therapy

simulation, cyclotron, resonance, proton

742

O. Karamyshev, V. Malinin, D.V. Popov
JINR/DLNP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
Y.F. Bi, G. Chen, K.Z. Ding, Y. Song
ASIPP, Hefei, People's Republic of China
G.A. Karamysheva, N.A. Morozov, E.V. Samsonov, G. Shirkov, S.G. Shirkov
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia

The SC202 superconducting cyclotron for hadron therapy is under development by collaboration of ASIPP (Hefei, China) and JINR (Dubna, Russia). The accelerator will provide about 200 MeV proton beam with maximum current of 1μA in 2017-2018. We have performed simulations of all systems of the SC202 cyclotron and specified the main parameters of magnet, acceleration system and extraction elements.

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MOPVA027

Measurement of High Power Terahertz with Dielectric Loaded Waveguide at Tsinghua University

radiation, electron, wakefield, experiment

914

D. Wang, Y.-C. Du, W. Gai, W.-H. Huang, X.L. Su, C.-X. Tang, Q.L. Tian, L.X. Yan
TUB, Beijing, People's Republic of China
S.P. Antipov
Euclid Beamlabs LLC, Bolingbrook, USA
Y.F. Liang
Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Funding: Work supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (NSFC Grants No.11475097) and the National Key Scientific Instrument and Equipment Development Project of China (Grants No. 2013YQ12034504)
We have measured an intense THz radiation produced by a sub-picosecond, relativistic electron bunch passing through a dielectric loaded waveguide (DLW) at Tsinghua University accelerator beamline. The DLW was 3 cm long quartz tube with 900 'm inner diameter and 100 'm wall thickness metallized on the outside. Radiated energy of the THz pulse was measured to be proportional to the square of the effective charge. The end of the DLW was cut at an angle for efficient THz pulse extraction. Tens of 'J THz energy per pulse were measured outside the vacuum chamber with a calibrated Golay cell in the experiment.
*wangdan16@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn
*yanlx@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn

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MOPVA029

Conceptual Design of a Pre-Booster Ring for the FCC e⁺e⁻ Injector

emittance, booster, damping, injection

917

O. Etisken, A.K. Çiftçi
Ankara University, Faculty of Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
Y. Papaphilippou
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The FCC-ee injector complex needs to produce and to transport a high-intensity e⁺/e⁻ beam at a fast repetition rate of about 0.1 Hz for topping up the collider at its collision energy. A basic parameter set exists for all the collider energies, assuming a 10 GeV linac operating with a large number of bunches being accumulated in the existing SPS, which serves as pre-accelerator and damping ring before the bunches are transferred to the high-energy booster. The purpose of this study is to provide the conceptual design of an alternative accelerator ring, replacing the SPS in the present scheme. This ring will have injection energy of around 5 GeV and extraction energy of around 20 GeV. Apart from establishing the basic parameters of the ring, the study work will include the optics design and layout, single particle linear and non-linear dynamics optimization, including magnetic and alignment error tolerances. The study will also contain some basic estimation of collective effects and address the issue of synchrotron radiation handling.

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MOPVA145

Improvements on CNAO Accelerator for Ocular Treatments

proton, acceleration, injection, synchrotron

1194

L. Falbo, E. Bressi, C. Priano
CNAO Foundation, Milan, Italy

Ocular melanoma has been successfully treated worldwide since many years using proton beams. CNAO is the only Italian hadrontherapy facility able to treat tumours with both proton and carbon ion high-energy scanning beams accelerated by a synchrotron; the machine was commissioned in 2011 and more than 1000 patients have been treated so far. With respect to the othercases, , ocular melanoma treatment needed important changes both under the medical physics and machine physics points of view. The main goal of this work is to describe the changes in the machine set up to increase the proton current by a factor of 5, this task representing a sort of recommissioning of the synchrotron.

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MOPVA146

Optimization of Carbon Treatments at CNAO

dipole, feedback, acceleration, ion

1197

L. Falbo, E. Bressi, C. Priano
CNAO Foundation, Milan, Italy

CNAO facility is treating patients with carbon ion beams since 2012. Often carbon ions are used to treat tumors with great volumes that causes long time irradiations: this represents a complaint for the patient, a limit in the number of treatable patients per day and an increase in the cost of the treatment itself. An effort has been done in the last year to increase the particle intensity in order to reduce the irradiation time for the carbon treatments: this article illustrates the changes in the machine done to achieve this goal.

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TUOAB3

Development of Wide Dynamic Range Beam Loss Monitor System for the J-PARC Main Ring

detector, operation, beam-losses, injection

1248

K. Satou, N. Kamikubota, T. Toyama, S. Yamada
J-PARC, KEK & JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan
S.Y. Yoshida
Kanto Information Service (KIS), Accelerator Group, Ibaraki, Japan

The new beam loss monitor (BLM) system now in operation at the main ring of J-PARC consists of an isolated front-end current to voltage converter, a VME-based 24 bit ADC system. A dual detector system employs a proportional-type gas chamber (PBLM) and an air-filled ionization chamber (AIC). The system shows a wide dynamic range of 160 dB. It can detect the low level signal that would arise in the case of the detection of residual dose in the ring itself after the beam has been turned off as well as an event such as high level beam loss at the collimators. The signal rise time of the waveform obtained is 17 us which fast enough to meet the speed requirement of the Machine Protection System (MPS); which is that the MPS should dump the beam within 100 us when the beam loss signal exceeds the reference levels set in the ADC system.

Slides TUOAB3 [2.692 MB]

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TUPAB063

High Energy Transport Line Design for the HEPS Project

injection, booster, storage-ring, quadrupole

1466

Y.Y. Guo, Z. Duan, Y. Jiao, Y.M. Peng, G. Xu
IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China

The High Energy Photon Source (HEPS), a kilometer-scale storage ring light source with the energy of 6GeV is to be built in China. For the injection scheme of the stor-age ring, on-axis injection is the baseline scheme. To simultaneously accommodate on-axis accumulation and swap-out injection schemes, we designed two high energy transport lines. In this paper we will report the detailed design of these two transport lines, including the layout and lattice design.

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TUPAB093

Race-Track Microtron with Pulse-to-Pulse Beam Energy Switch

electron, linac, microtron, focusing

1530

Yu.A. Kubyshin
UPC, Barcelona, Spain
V.I. Shvedunov, I.Yu. Vladimirov
LEA MSU, Moscow, Russia
V.I. Shvedunov
SINP MSU, Moscow, Russia

A race-track microtron with a few beam orbits can be an alternative to a standard electron linear accelerator in a number of applications in which high beam power is not needed, like radiation therapy, industrial radiography or cargo inspection. In these cases the advantages of race-track microtrons are low RF power consumption, and consequently low cost of the RF system, and a possibility of beam energy switch in a wide range by extracting the beam from different orbits. In the present work we describe the concept of a race-track microtron with pulse-to-pulse beam energy switch in the range from 3 MeV to 9 MeV. Special attention is given to the optimization of the end magnets of a new type which provide both the accelerating structure bypass and vertical beam focusing.

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TUPIK002

H-, D-, C2-: A Comparison of RF andFilament Powered Volume-Cusp Ion Sources

ion, ion-source, electron, plasma

1685

S.V. Melanson, M.P. Dehnel, D.E. Potkins
D-Pace, Nelson, British Columbia, Canada
H.C. McDonald, C. Philpott
BSL, Auckland, New Zealand

Today's industrial ion source applications often require high beam currents with long source lifetime and low maintenance. Filament powered ion sources produce high beam currents but are limited by the short lifetime (~5000 mA*h) of the filament, while RF ion sources with external antennas do not require such maintenance. By changing the filament back plate of our TRIUMF licensed ion source to the ceramic window, planar coil antenna and 13.56 MHz RF amplifier of our University of Jyväskylä licensed ion source, we are able to directly compare the effect of the two technologies for powering sources on negative ion production in volume-cusp ion sources for the case of H-, D- and C2- using our ion source test facility.

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TUPIK041

Cleaning of Parasitic Bunches for Time Structured Filling of the ESRF Storage Ring During Top Up Operation

booster, kicker, electron, storage-ring

1774

E. Plouviez, L. Farvacque, J.M. Koch, T.P. Perron, B. Roche, K.B. Scheidt, R. Versteegen, S.M. White
ESRF, Grenoble, France

In order to generate time structured synchrotron radiation the 6GeV ESRF storage ring can be operated with 16 buckets filled with 15nC separated by 16 gaps of 61 nearly perfectly empty buckets. The contrast required by some users between the population of the main and empty buckets is 10¹¹. In order to obtain these empty buckets some RF knock out (cleaning) of the parasitic bunches is needed. Until now this cleaning was performed on the beam stored in the storage ring. Recently we have started to deliver this 16 bunches filling in a so called top up mode, drastically increasing the rate of the storage ring refills. In this top up mode it is very penalizing to perform the cleaning in the storage ring so we are now performing it in the booster synchrotron which accelerates the 200MeV beam coming from the linac up to 6GeV. We describe the set up used to perform the cleaning in the booster and all the measurement and experiments performed in order to correctly understand the origin of the unwanted electrons populating buckets of the gaps separating the 16 main bunches.

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TUPIK046

Beam-Based Feedbacks for FAIR - Prototyping at the SIS18

feedback, controls, proton, injection

1787

R.J. Steinhagen, J. Fitzek, H.C. Hüther, H. Liebermann, R. Müller, D. Ondreka, H. Reeg, B.R. Schlei, P.J. Spiller
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany

The 'Facility for Anti-Proton and Ion Research' (FAIR) presently under construction, extends and supersedes GSI's existing infrastructure. Its core challenges include the precise control of highest proton and uranium ion beam intensities, the required extreme high vacuum conditions, machine protection and activation issues while providing a high degree of multi-user mode of operation with facility reconfiguration on time-scales of a few times per week. To optimise turn-around times and to establish a safe and reliable machine operation, a comprehensive suite of semi-automated measurement applications, as well as fully-automated beam-based feedbacks will be deployed, covering the control of orbit, Q/Q', spill structure, optics, and other machine parameters. These systems are based on the LSA settings management framework, code-shared with and also used at CERN. The concepts, software architecture and first prototype beam tests at the SIS18 in 2016 are presented. As an initial proof-of-concept, a cycle-to-cycle orbit* and macro-spill feedback, as well as a semi-automated magnetic quadrupole- and sextupole-centre measurement tool have been selected.
*results presented in separate contribution

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TUPIK061

Data Acquisition and Controls Integration of the AWAKE Experiment at CERN

controls, experiment, proton, software

1833

V.K.B. Olsen
University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
J.J. Batkiewicz, S. Deghaye, S.J. Gessner, E. Gschwendtner
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
P. Muggli
MPI, Muenchen, Germany

The AWAKE experiment has been successfully installed in the CNGS facility at CERN, and is currently in its first stage of operation. The experiment seeks to demonstrate self-modulation of an SPS proton beam in a rubidium plasma, driving a wakefield of several gigavolt per meter. We describe the data acquisition and control system of the AWAKE experiment, its integration into the CERN control system and new control developments specifically required for AWAKE.

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TUPIK086

Modelling the Radioactivity Induced by Slow-Extraction Losses in the CERN SPS

proton, operation, detector, radioactivity

1897

M.A. Fraser, D. Björkman, K. Cornelis, B. Goddard, V. Kain, P.M. Schicho, C. Theis, H. Vincke
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Resonant slow extraction is used to provide an intense quasi-DC flux of high-energy protons for the Fixed Target (FT) physics programme at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS). The unavoidable beam loss intrinsic to the extraction process activates the extraction region and its equipment. Although the radiation dose to equipment has an impact on availability, the cool-down times required to limit dose to the personnel carrying-out maintenance of the accelerator also pose important restrictions, and ultimately limit the number of protons on target. In order to understand how the extracted proton flux affects the build-up and subsequent cool-down of the induced activation, a model based on a simple empirical relationship has been developed and shown to predict the measured radioactive decay at ionisation chambers located along the extraction region. In this contribution, the empirical model is described, its strengths and limitations discussed, and its application as a predictive tool for estimating cool-down times as a function of extracted proton flux demonstrated.

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TUPIK110

Optimisation of a High-Resolution, Low-Latency Stripline Beam Position Monitor System for Use in Intra-Train Feedback

feedback, electron, cavity, collider

1979

N. Blaskovic Kraljevic, R.M. Bodenstein, T. Bromwich, P. Burrows, G.B. Christian, C. Perry, R.L. Ramjiawan
JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom
D.R. Bett
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

A high-resolution, low-latency beam position monitor (BPM) system has been developed for use in feedback systems at particle accelerators and beamlines that operate with trains of particle bunches with bunch separations as low as several tens of nanoseconds, such as future linear electron-positron colliders and free-electron lasers. The system was tested with electron beams in the extraction line of the Accelerator Test Facility at the High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) in Japan. The fast analogue front-end signal processor is based on a single-stage RF down-mixer, with a measured latency of 15.6 ± 0.1 ns. The processor has been optimised, doubling the maximum operating beam intensity up to 1.6 nC, and the signal processing in the custom digital acquisition board has been upgraded in order to improve the resolution beyond the 300 nm level measured previously. The latest results, demonstrating a position resolution of order 150 nm with single-pass beam, will be presented.

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TUPIK116

Injection Bucket Jitter Compensation Using Phase Lock System at Fermilab Booster

booster, injection, controls, proton

1999

K. Seiya, S. Chaurize, C.C. Drennan, W. Pellico
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

Phase synchronization between Booster extraction and Recycler injection has been done with the phase lock loop at Booster extraction. The phase Lock Loop control rf phase by changing radial position at extraction and it causes ± one bucket error, not phase error at Recycler injection. By switching a mode of operation for the phase lock loop by measuring the extraction gap position, the jitter was eliminated. The beam loss at the Recycler injection was reduced by 20%. Beam studies and the phase lock system will be discussed in this paper.

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TUPIK117

Optimization of the Booster Notch System at Fermilab

booster, kicker, proton, power-supply

2002

S. Chaurize, C.C. Jensen, W. Pellico, I.L. Rakhno, K. Seiya, V.I. Sidorov, R. Tesarek, I.S. Tropin
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

The Booster Beam Notch is a beam gap needed to allow extraction kickers to reach full field strength for a single turn extraction scheme. The Notch is created at injection energy by kicking 3 out of the 84 bunches to a dedicated absorber. The kicker voltage, pulse length and geometry of the absorber must be optimized to minimize the beam loss due to the notch creation. Beam studies, simulation and implementation as well as the optimization and improvement of the notch system will be discussed in this paper.

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TUPVA020

The LHC Injectors Upgrade (LIU) Project at CERN: Ion Injector Chain

ion, injection, luminosity, kicker

2089

H. Bartosik, S.C.P. Albright, M.E. Angoletta, G. Bellodi, N. Biancacci, T. Bohl, J. Coupard, H. Damerau, A. Funken, B. Goddard, S. Hancock, K. Hanke, A. Huschauer, J.M. Jowett, V. Kain, D. Küchler, D. Manglunki, M. Meddahi, G. Rumolo, R. Scrivens, E.N. Shaposhnikova, V. Toivanen, F.J.C. Wenander
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The LHC injector chain for Pb-ion beams at CERN consists of Linac3, the accumulator ring LEIR, the PS and the SPS. In the context of the LHC injectors upgrade (LIU) project an intense program of machine development studies has been performed in the last two years to maximise the intensity of Pb-ion beams at LHC injection. In this paper we present an analysis of the operational performance achieved so far, with the goal of 1) identifying the remaining performance bottlenecks along the chain and possible areas for improvement, and 2) to optimize the Pb-ion beam production scheme for the High Luminosity (HL-) LHC era. A consistent set of beam parameters for the HL-LHC era has been established taking into account the already achieved improvements as well as foreseen upgrades still to be implemented, such as slip stacking in the SPS.

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TUPVA087

ADIGE: The Radioactive Ion Beam Injector of the SPES Project

ion, plasma, ECR, rfq

2281

A. Galatà, L. Bellan, G. Bisoffi, M. Comunian, L. Martin, M.F. Moisio, A. Palmieri, A. Pisent, G.P. Prete, C. R. Roncolato
INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy

The Selective Production of Exotic Species (SPES) project is presently under development at INFN-LNL: aim of this project is the production, ionization and post-acceleration of radioactive ions to perform forefront research in nuclear physics. An ECR-based charge breeder (SPES-CB) will allow post-acceleration of radioactive ions: in particular, the SPES-CB has been designed and developed by LPSC of Grenoble, based on the Phoenix booster. It will be equipped with a complete test bench totally integrated with the SPES beam line: this part of the post-accelerator, together with the newly designed RFQ, composes the so-called ADIGE injector for the superconducting linac ALPI. The injector will employ a unique Medium Resolution Mass Spectrometer (MRMS, R=1/1000), mounted downstream the SPES-CB, in order to avoid the typical drawback of the ECR-based charge breeding technique, that is the beam contamination. This contribution describes the ADIGE injector, with particular attention to the analysis of possible contaminations and the performances expected for the MRMS, showing the beam dynamics calculations for a reference radioactive beam.

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TUPVA090

Performance and Status of the J-PARC Accelerators

operation, linac, klystron, ion-source

2290

K. Hasegawa, N. Hayashi, M. Kinsho, H. Oguri, K. Yamamoto, Y. Yamazaki
JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan
Y. Hori, N. Yamamoto
J-PARC, KEK & JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan
T. Koseki, F. Naito
KEK, Tokai, Ibaraki, Japan

The J-PARC is a high intensity proton facility and the accelerator consists of a 400 MeV linac, a 3 GeV Rapid Cycling Synchrotron (RCS) and a Main Ring Synchrotron (MR). We have taken many hardware upgrades. The beam powers for the neutrino experiment and hadron experiment from the MR have been steadily increased by tuning and reducing beam losses. The designed 1 MW equivalent beam was demonstrated and user program was performed at 500 kW from the RCS to the neutron and muon experiments. We have experienced many failures and troubles, however, to impede full potential and high availability. In this report, operational performance and status of the J-PARC accelerators are presented.

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TUPVA113

The Feature of Magnetic Field Formation of Multi-Purpose Isochronous Cyclotron DC280

cyclotron, acceleration, ion, ion-source

2352

I.A. Ivanenko, B. Gikal, G.G. Gulbekyan
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
V.P. Kukhtin, E.A. Lamzin, S.E. Sytchevsky
NIIEFA, St. Petersburg, Russia

At the present time the activities on creation of the new heavy-ion isochronous cyclotron DC280 are carried out at Joint Institute for Nuclear Research. The isochronous cyclotron DC-280 will produce accelerated beam of ions A/Z= 4 - 7 with a smooth variation of the beam energy W= 4 ' 8 MeV/n. The variation of energy is provided by the wide range of the magnetic field levels from 0.64T till 1.32T and usage of the 11 radial and 4 pairs of harmonic correcting coils. In the work the results of calculations and final measurements of the magnetic field are presented. The magnetic field of cyclotron DC-280 is formed in a good conformity with results of computer modeling.

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TUPVA126

The SPS Beam Dump Facility

target, proton, experiment, operation

2389

M. Lamont, G. Arduini, M. Battistin, M. Brugger, M. Calviani, F. B. Dos Santos Pedrosa, M.A. Fraser, L. Gatignon, S.S. Gilardoni, B. Goddard, J.L. Grenard, C. Heßler, R. Jacobsson, V. Kain, K. Kershaw, E. Lopez Sola, J.A. Osborne, A. Perillo-Marcone, H. Vincke
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The proposed SPS beam dump facility (BDF) is a fixed-target facility foreseen to be situated at the North Area of the SPS. Beam dump in this context implies a target aimed at absorbing the majority of incident protons and containing most of the cascade generated by the primary beam interaction. The aim is a general purpose fixed target facility, which in the initial phase is aimed at the Search for Hidden Particles (SHiP) experiment. Feasibility studies are ongoing at CERN to address the key challenges of the facility. These challenges include: slow resonant extraction from the SPS; a target that has the two-fold objective of producing charged mesons as well as stopping the primary proton beam; and radiation protection considerations related to primary proton beam with a power of around 355 kW. The aim of the project is to complete the key technical feasibility studies in time for the European Strategy for Particle Physics (ESPP) update foreseen in 2020. This is in conjunction with the recommendation by the CERN Research Board to the SHiP experiment to prepare a comprehensive design study as input to the ESPP.

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TUPVA128

Performance of the CERN Injector Complex and Transmission Studies into the LHC during the Second Proton-Lead Run

ion, injection, emittance, proton

2395

R. Alemany-Fernández, S.C.P. Albright, M.E. Angoletta, J. Axensalva, W. Bartmann, H. Bartosik, P. Baudrenghien, G. Bellodi, A. Blas, T. Bohl, E. Carlier, S. Cettour-Cave, K. Cornelis, H. Damerau, A. Findlay, S.S. Gilardoni, S. Hancock, A. Huschauer, M.A. Jebramcik, S. Jensen, J.M. Jowett, V. Kain, D. Küchler, A.M. Lombardi, D. Manglunki, T. Mertens, M. O'Neil, S. Pasinelli, A. Saá Hernández, M. Schaumann, R. Scrivens, R. Steerenberg, H. Timko, V. Toivanen, G. Tranquille, F.M. Velotti, F.J.C. Wenander, J. Wenninger
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The LHC performance during the proton-lead run in 2016 fully relied on a permanent monitoring and systematic improvement of the beam quality in all the injectors. The beam production and characteristics are explained in this paper, together with the improvements realized during the run from the source up to the flat top of the LHC. Transmission studies from one accelerator to the next as well as beam quality evolution studies during the cycle at each accelerator, have been carried out and are summarized in this paper. In 2016, the LHC had to deliver the beams to the experiments at two different energies, 4 Z TeV and 6.5 Z TeV. The properties of the beams at these two energies are also presented

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WEOAA3

Realizing a High-Intensity Low-Emittance Beam in the J-PARC 3-GeV RCS

emittance, injection, sextupole, resonance

2470

H. Hotchi, H. Harada, S. Kato, K. Okabe, P.K. Saha, Y. Shobuda, F. Tamura, N. Tani, Y. Watanabe, M. Yoshimoto
JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan

The J-PARC 3-GeV rapid cycling synchrotron (RCS) has two functions; one as a proton driver to produce pulsed muons and neutrons, and the other as an injector to the following 50-GeV main ring (MR). RCS is now intensively developing a high-intensity beam test to realize a high-intensity low-emittance beam with less beam halo required from MR. This paper presents the recent experimental results, together with detailed discussions for the emittance growth and its mitigation mechanisms.

Slides WEOAA3 [1.732 MB]

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WEPIK012

Performance of SuperKEKB High Energy Ring Beam Abort System

kicker, operation, sextupole, power-supply

2939

T. Mimashi, Y. Enomoto, N. Iida, M. Kikuchi, K. Kodama, T. Mori, Y. Suetsugu
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
K. Abe
Hitachi Power Semiconductor Device, Ltd., Hitachishi, Ibaraki, Japan
K. Kise, A. Tokuchi
Pulsed Power Japan Laboratory Ltd., Kusatsu-shi Shiga, Japan

New Beam abort system was installed at the Super-KEKB High Energy Ring. It was designed to enlarge the horizontal beam size at the beam extraction window to protect the extraction window, and it also makes the beam abort gap shorter. It consists of four horizontal kicker magnets, one vertical kicker to sweep the beam position in vertical direction, sextupole magnet to enlarge the horizontal beam size, one lambertson magnet, Ti extraction window and beam dump. Four horizontal kicker magnets and one vertical kicker magnet connects to the one power supply. The ceramic chambers cooled by the water are inserted in each kicker coils. The Abort system had been used during SuperKEKB phase 1 operation. This paper describes the performance of the abort system.

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WEPIK026

VEPP-5 Injection Complex: Two Colliders Operation Experience

injection, collider, operation, positron

2982

D.E. Berkaev, A.V. Andrianov, K.V. Astrelina, V.V. Balakin, A.M. Batrakov, O.V. Belikov, M.F. Blinov, D. Bolkhovityanov, A. Butakov, E.V. Bykov, N.S. Dikansky, F.A. Emanov, A.R. Frolov, V.V. Gambaryan, K. Gorchakov, Ye.A. Gusev, S.E. Karnaev, G.V. Karpov, A.S. Kasaev, E. Kenzhebulatov, V.A. Kiselev, S. Kluschev, A.A. Kondakov, I. Koop, I.E. Korenev, N.Kh. Kot, V.R. Kozak, A.A. Krasnov, S.A. Krutikhin, I.V. Kuptsov, G.Y. Kurkin, N.N. Lebedev, A.E. Levichev, P.V. Logatchov, Yu. Maltseva, A.A. Murasev, V. Muslivets, D.A. Nikiforov, An.A. Novikov, A.V. Ottmar, A.V. Pavlenko, I.L. Pivovarov, V.V. Rashchenko, Yu. A. Rogovsky, S.L. Samoylov, N. Sazonov, A.V. Semenov, S.V. Shiyankov, D.B. Shwartz, A.N. Skrinsky, A.A. Starostenko, D.A. Starostenko, A.G. Tribendis, A.S. Tsyganov, S.S. Vasichev, S.V. Vasiliev, V.D. Yudin, I.M. Zemlyansky, A.N. Zhuravlev
BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
A.V. Andrianov, V.V. Balakin, F.A. Emanov, I. Koop, A.A. Krasnov, A.E. Levichev, D.A. Nikiforov, A.V. Pavlenko, Yu. A. Rogovsky, D.B. Shwartz, A.A. Starostenko
NSU, Novosibirsk, Russia
A.I. Mickailov
Budker INP & NSU, Novosibirsk, Russia
A.G. Tribendis
NSTU, Novosibirsk, Russia

Two BINP colliders VEPP-4M and VEPP-2000 e⁺e⁻ colliders are under operation with the beams feeding from VEPP-5 Injection Complex via newly constructed K-500 beam transfer line. Upgraded injection chain demonstrated ability to provide designed luminosity both to VEPP-4M and VEPP-2000 and techniques of reliable operation are under development now. The design and operation experience of Injection Complex and transfer lines are presented.

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WEPIK033

LHC Beam Dump Performance in View of the High Luminosity Upgrade

kicker, operation, proton, hardware

2999

C. Wiesner, W. Bartmann, C. Bracco, E. Carlier, L. Ducimetière, M.I. Frankl, M.A. Fraser, B. Goddard, T. Kramer, A. Lechner, N. Magnin, S. Mazzoni, M. Meddahi, V. Senaj
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) project will increase the total beam intensity in the LHC by nearly a factor of two. Analysis and follow-up of recent operational issues as well as dedicated studies of the LHC Beam Dump System (LBDS) have been carried out to ensure the safe operation with HL-LHC parameters and to decide on possible hardware upgrades to meet the HL-LHC requirements. The fail-safe design must ensure the LBDS performance also for abnormal operation such as asynchronous beam dumps or failing dilution kickers. In this paper, we report on newly observed failure scenarios as the erratic firing of more than one dilution kicker, and discuss their consequences as well as possible mitigation measures in view of the high luminosity upgrade.

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WEPIK064

Eigenvalue Calculations Based on the Finite Element Method With Physically Motivated Field Smoothing Using the Kirchhoff Integral

cavity, electromagnetic-fields, simulation, radio-frequency

3074

W. Ackermann, H. De Gersem, T. Weiland
TEMF, TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany

In current linear particle accelerators, the actual acceleration of the charged particles is realized with the help of the electric field strength within driven radio frequency resonators. The characterization and optimization of the applied resonating structures can be reliably performed based on numerical simulation techniques. Efficient numerical methods have been introduced in the last decades to determine the electromagnetic fields while special care has been put in the correct description of the geometry and the material distribution of the structures. Although the resonators are operated in a driven setup, one of the advantageous numerical strategies here is given by an eigendecomposition of the fields which is realized by the application of accurate eigenmode calculations together with suitable postprocessing steps. In particular, the extraction of representative field maps used for particle tracking for example requires an accurate numerical modeling of the field at any position inside the structure. In order to avoid numerically motivated discontinuities of the fields a proper smoothing algorithm based on the vector equivalents of the Kirchhoff integral is proposed.

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WEPIK088

Analysis of Performance Fluctuations for the CERN Proton Synchrotron Multi-Turn Extraction

proton, synchrotron, beam-losses, target

3135

M. Giovannozzi, A. Huschauer, O. Michels, A. Nicoletti, G. Sterbini
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

After the successful beam commissioning and tests in 2015, the Multi-Turn Extraction (MTE) has been put in operation in 2016. In this paper, the remaining issues related with fluctuation of the MTE performance are evaluated and correlation studies are presented in view of estimating the impact of planned improvements.

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WEPVA029

SIS100 Tunnel Design and Status

radiation, shielding, site, operation

3316

C. Omet, J. Falenski, G. Fehrenbacher, H. Kisker, K. Konradt, A. Sokolov, P.J. Spiller
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
A. Fischer
FAIR, Darmstadt, Germany

As the FAIR project is proceeding, many of the building and tunnel designs in the meanwhile are frozen and documents are prepared for tendering. For the future FAIR driver accelerator, SIS100, the accelerator tunnel T110 comprises a 1100 m long tunnel, which has a depth of 17 m under ground. In this paper, its environmental boundary conditions, design principles and the finally chosen layout are presented.

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WEPVA033

Conceptual Design Considerations for a 1.3 TeV Superconducting SPS (scSPS)

dipole, injection, target, proton

3323

F. Burkart, W. Bartmann, M. Benedikt, B. Goddard, A. Milanese, J.S. Schmidt
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The Future Circular Collider for hadrons (FCC-hh) envisaged at CERN will require a High Energy Booster as injector. One option being studied is to reuse the 6.9 km circumference tunnel of the SPS to house a fast-ramping superconducting machine. This paper presents the conceptual design considerations for this superconducting single aperture accelerator (designated scSPS) which can be used to accelerate protons to an extraction energy of 1.3 TeV, both for FCC and for fixed target beam operation in CERN's North Area. As FCC injector this accelerator has to be used in a fast cycling mode to fulfil the FCC-hh requirements concerning filling time, which impacts directly the choice of magnet technology. The reliability and availability will also play important roles in the design, and the inclusion of a fixed target capacity also has significant implications for the lattice and layout. The cell design, magnet parameters, overall layout, design of the different insertion and performance estimates for specific applications will be presented and discussed.

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WEPVA037

Machine Development Studies in the CERN PS Booster, in 2016

injection, emittance, booster, space-charge

3339

E. Benedetto, S.C.P. Albright, M.E. Angoletta, W. Bartmann, J.M. Belleman, A. Blas, M. Cieslak-Kowalska, G.P. Di Giovanni, A. Findlay, V. Forte, A. Garcia-Tabares, G. Guidoboni, S. Hancock, M. Jaussi, B. Mikulec, J.C. Molendijk, A. Oeftiger, T.L. Rijoff, F. Schmidt, P. Zisopoulos
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
M. Cieslak-Kowalska
EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
P. Zisopoulos
Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

The paper presents the outstanding studies performed in 2016 in preparation of the PS Booster upgrade, within the LHC Injector Upgrade project (LIU), to provide twice higher brightness and intensity to the High-Luminosity LHC. Major changes include the increase of injection and extraction energy, the implementation of a H⁻ charge-exchange injection system, the replacement of the present Main Power Supply and the deployment of a new RF system (and related Low-Level), based on the Finemet technology. Although the major improvements will be visible only after the upgrade, the present machine can already benefit of the work done, in terms of better brightness, transmission and improved reproducibility of the present operational beams. Studies address the space-charge limitations at low energy, for which a detailed optics model is needed and for which mitigation measurements are under study, and the blow-up reduction at injection in the downstream machine, for which the beams need careful preparation and transmission. Moreover they address the requirements and the reliability of new beam instrumentation and hardware that is being installed in view of LIU.

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WEPVA053

New Extraction Line for the Lns Cyclotron

cyclotron, ion, emittance, quadrupole

3378

L. Calabretta, A. Calanna, G. D'Agostino, D. Rifuggiato, A.D. Russo
INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
G. D'Agostino
Universita Degli Studi Di Catania, Catania, Italy

The LNS Superconducting Cyclotron will be modified to allow the extraction by stripper of ion beams with power up to 10 kW. By choosing properly the position of the stripper foils and of the corrector magnetic channels, it is possible to convoy the trajectories of the selected representative ion beams across a new extraction channel. It is mandatory to design a new extraction line to transport these beams to the existing beam transport line. The extracted beams have an energy spread of about ±0.4%, so, the new extraction line has to compensate the correlation energy-position of the beam and to produce an achromatic waist of the beam at the common starting point of the existing transport lines. The main changes of the cyclotron will be briefly described and the performance and the features of the new extraction line will be presented too.

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WEPVA054

Study of The New Return Yoke for The Upgraded Superconducting Cyclotron of INFN-LNS

ion, cyclotron, experiment, acceleration

3381

A. Calanna, L. Allegra, L. Calabretta, G. Costa, G. D'Agostino, G. Gallo, D. Rifuggiato, A.D. Russo
INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
G. D'Agostino
Universita Degli Studi Di Catania, Catania, Italy

The LNS Superconducting Cyclotron (CS) has been working for 20 years making available a wide range of ions and energies. Its operational diagram is peculiar and many experiment are performed each year. In the near future a major upgrade is planned. This will allow to overcome the major limitation of the CS, which is the beam power limited at 100 W. In the new version of the CS, the extracted beam power will be increased up to a factor 100. This improvement will be reached adding a new extraction line dedicated to a specific set of light ions and energies extracted by stripping. The new design could affect the beam dynamics strongly. Indeed, the iron yoke penetrations don't respect the three folds symmetry of our cyclotron. This inhomogeneity produces unwanted field harmonics, which have to be reduced as much as possible to avoid beam precession or second order effects. Here the study accomplished to minimize the perturbation of the non-three fold field symmetry using the current sheet approximation (CSA) is presented, along with the state-of-art configuration of the updated cyclotron

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WEPVA064

The Pulsed Power Supplies of the SESAME Booster and Storage Ring

septum, kicker, injection, booster

3415

E. Huttel, I.A. Abid, S.Kh. Jafar
SESAME, Allan, Jordan

SESAME the Synchrotron Radiation Light Source in Allan (Jordan) consists of an 800 MeV injector (original from BESSY I, Berlin, Germany) and a 2.5 GeV Storagering. Injection into the Booster is done by an electrostatic Septum and one stripline kicker. Extraction out of the Booster is done by means of a bumper magnet, a strip-line-line kicker and a direct driven in-vacuum septum. Injection into the Storagering is done by a direct driven out-off vacuum septum and one kicker. The pulses of all septa are full sine, the ones of the kicker half sine with exception of the extraction kicker (flat-top). Extraction Kicker and Storage ring injection kicker are switched by Thyratron, all others via transistors. This report describes the injection and extraction optics and the results of the commissioning.

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WEPVA081

Topology Optimization for a Superconducting Cyclotron Main Magnet

cyclotron, proton, software, target

3446

L.G. Zhang, K. Fan, S. Hu, L.X.F. Li, Z.Y. Mei, B. Qin, Z.J. Zeng
HUST, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
W. Chen
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology,, Hubei, People's Republic of China

Main magnet is the heaviest component in a superconducting cyclotron, which occupies a large amount of cost. Topology optimization method is implanted to minimize the weight of main magnet while keep the field performance, which will make significant economic benefit. Due to the powerful superconducting coils, the main magnet is driven into saturation, and the nonlinear effect of the material must be considered. If the ordinary standard density method is used for the main magnet structure optimization, the nonlinear B-H relation have to be interpolated and the sensitivity analysis is very complicated. In this paper, a proper 2D model is established and the optimization formulation is given using standard density method. Then, the optimized topology of the main magnet for a 250MeV superconducting proton cyclotron is designed.

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WEPVA097

Upgrading the SPS Fast Extraction Kicker Systems for HL-LHC

kicker, impedance, electron, resonance

3483

M.J. Barnes, M.S. Beck, H.A. Day, L. Ducimetière, E. Garcia-Tabares Valdivieso, B. Goddard, H. Neupert, A. Romano, L. Vega Cid, W.J.M. Weterings
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
C. Zannini
ADAM SA, Geneva, Switzerland

The CERN SPS has two fast extraction systems, each consisting of travelling wave kicker magnets (MKEs). The beam induced heating in the ferrite yoke of these magnets was historically kept to an acceptable level by implementing water cooling of the kicker magnets: in addition serigraphy was applied on the surfaces of the ferrite yoke facing the beam. Nevertheless, high intensity beams needed in the future for HL-LHC will significantly increase the beam induced heating, potentially raising the MKE ferrite yoke temperature to its Curie point. Hence detailed studies of longitudinal beam coupling impedance were carried out to identify simple but effective methods of further reducing beam induced power deposition. Based on the results of these studies, and in the framework of the LHC Injectors Upgrade (LIU) project, an upgraded MKE kicker magnet was installed during the 2015-2016 shutdown. This paper reports and compares results of predictions, laboratory measurements, temperature measurements during SPS operation, and machine development studies. Measurements of both dynamic pressure rise in the upgraded magnet and Secondary Electron Yield, on samples, are also reported.

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WEPVA098

Measurements on a 12.5 kV Prototype Inductive Adder for the CLIC DR Extraction Kickers

flattop, kicker, damping, collider

3487

J. Holma, M.J. Barnes
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The CLIC study is investigating the technical feasibility of an electron-positron collider with high luminosity and a nominal centre-of-mass energy of 3 TeV. The pre-damping rings and damping rings (DRs) will produce ultra-low emittance beam with high bunch charge. To avoid beam emittance increase, the DR kicker systems must provide extremely stable field pulses during injection and extraction of bunches. The DR extraction kicker system consists of a stripline kicker and two pulse modulators. The current specifications for the modulators call for pulses with 160 ns or 900 ns flattop duration of ±12.5 kV and 305 A, with ripple of not more than ±0.02 % (±2.5 V). An inductive adder is a very promising approach to meeting the specifications because analogue modulation methods can be applied to adjust the output waveform. Recently, the first full-scale, 20-layer, 12.5 kV prototype inductive adder has been assembled at CERN and testing has commenced. The goal is to tailor the output waveform of the prototype to the waveform required for the DR extraction stripline kicker. The results of the initial tests and measurements are presented.

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WEPVA099

Influence of Conducting Serigraphy Upon Field Pulse Shape of the SPS Extraction Kicker Systems

kicker, flattop, impedance, high-voltage

3491

A. Adraktas, M.J. Barnes, L. Ducimetière
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Fast pulsed magnets with ferrite yokes are used for beam extraction from the CERN SPS accelerator. These kickers are transmission line type magnets with a rectangular shaped aperture through which the beam circulates. Unless special precautions are taken, the beam impedance of the yoke can provoke significant induced heating, especially for high intensity beams. Previous upgrades of the SPS extraction kicker magnets have included silver fingers serigraphed on the surface of the ferrite facing the beam, to help shield the ferrite yoke from circulating beam. Beam based measurements of the extracted beam indicated that the serigraphy may influence the shape of the field pulse, causing it to increase slightly in magnitude during the flat-top. Hence theoretical studies have been carried out to determine whether the serigraphy influences the field pulse: these studies are reported in this paper.

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WEPVA101

Review of Stripline Beam Impedance: Application to the Extraction Kicker for the CLIC Damping Rings

impedance, coupling, simulation, kicker

3499

C. Belver-Aguilar, M.J. Barnes
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The beam coupling impedance of the stripline kicker for beam extraction from the CLIC Damping Rings (DRs) has been studied analytically, numerically with CST Particle Studio (PS) and measured in the laboratory, although not all the results were understood. In order to have a better knowledge about the beam coupling impedance of a stripline kicker, a simple model has been first studied, with flat electrodes and a cylindrical beam pipe. From this preliminary study, a new approach for the dipolar component of the horizontal impedance has been derived, when considering both odd and even operating modes of the striplines. This new approach has been used to understand the differences found between the predicted transverse impedance and the two wire measurements carried out in the laboratory for the prototype CLIC DR striplines. Future tests of beam coupling impedance with beam in the ALBA Synchrotron Ligth Source will complete this study.

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THPAB025

Simulation Studies of Transverse Beam Instabilities and Measures Beyond 1 MW Beam Power in the 3-GeV RCS of J-PARC

impedance, simulation, injection, acceleration

3750

P.K. Saha, H. Hotchi, Y. Shobuda
JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan

The transverse impedance of the extraction kicker magnets is a significant beam instability source in the 3-GeV RCS (Rapid Cycling Synchrotron) of J-PARC (Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex). The systematic simulation studies for beam instability by including the space charge effect has been done by using the ORBIT code. The simulation results are well reproduced in the corresponding measurements. The designed 1 MW beam power has recently been accomplished by keeping sextuple magnets off in order to stabilize the beam by utilizing the large lattice chromaticity throughout the entire acceleration period. The RCS simultaneously delivers extracted beam to the MLF (Material and Life Science Experimental Facility) and the MR (Main Ring). In order to ensure 1 MW beam power at the MLF even when RCS beam sharing to the MR is twice increased as well as when a second target station is constructed at the MLF, a beam power of 1.5 MW has to be realized in the RCS. However, the simulation shows that beyond 1 MW the beam is unstable even if no chromaticity is corrected. A reduction of the kicker impedance by at least a half is required in order to achieve 1.5 MW beam power in the RCS.

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THPAB090

Algorithm to Calculate Off-Plane Magnetic Field From an on-Plane Field Map

simulation, optics, dipole, proton

3928

N. Tsoupas, J.S. Berg, F. Méot, V. Ptitsyn, D. Trbojevic
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
S.A. Kahn
Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA
S. Machida
STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
We present an algorithm to calculate the off-plane components of the magnetic field from the on-plane components of the magnetic field which are measured on a grid of the plane. The algorithm, which is a general one and it is not restricted on a mid-plane symmetry, is based on the Taylor series expansion of the magnetic field components in terms of the normal to the plane location. The coefficients of the Taylor series expansion are expressed in terms of the on-plane derivatives of the field components which are generated by the measured magnetic field components on the grid of the plane. The algorithm is use in the RATRACE computer code[*] and has been used[**] on a dipole magnet with median plane symmetry.
* S.B. Kowalski and H.A. Enge The Ion-Optical Program Raytrace NIM A258 (1987) 407
** N. Tsoupas et. al. Effects of Dipole Magnet Inhomogeneity on the Beam Ellipsoid NIM A258 (1987) 421-425

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THPAB142

Initial Beam Results of CERN ELENA's Digital Low-Level RF System

LLRF, HLRF, operation, diagnostics

4054

M.E. Angoletta, S.C.P. Albright, S. Energico, S. Hancock, M. Jaussi, A.J. Jones, J.C. Molendijk, M.M. Paoluzzi, J. Sanchez-Quesada
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The Extra Low ENergy Antiproton (ELENA) decelerator is under commissioning at CERN. This decelerator is equipped with a new digital low-level RF (LLRF) system, in-house developed and belonging to the LLRF family already deployed in CERN's PS Booster and Low Energy Ion Ring (LEIR) synchrotrons. New features to adapt it to the demanding requirements of ELENA's operation include new, low noise ADC daughtercards and a fixed-frequency clocking scheme. This paper gives an overview of the LLRF system; initial beam results are also shown together with hints on the future system upgrade.

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THPAB143

Operational Experience With the New Digital Low-Level RF System for CERN's PS Booster

LLRF, HLRF, emittance, booster

4058

M.E. Angoletta, S.C.P. Albright, A. Findlay, S. Hancock, M. Jaussi, J.C. Molendijk, J. Sanchez-Quesada
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The four rings of CERN's PS Booster have been equipped in 2014 with a new digital low-level RF (LLRF) system based upon a new, in-house developed LLRF family. This is a second-generation LLRF family that has been since then deployed on other synchrotrons. The paper provides an overview of the system's commissioning and first years of operation. In particular, an overview is given of the main system features and capabilities, such as beam loops and longitudinal beam blowup implementation. Operational improvements with respect to the previous, analogue digital LLRF are also mentioned, together with the planned system evolution to satisfy new requirements.

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THPAB144

The New LEIR Digital Low-Level RF System

LLRF, HLRF, operation, low-level-rf

4062

M.E. Angoletta, S.C.P. Albright, A. Findlay, M. Haase, S. Hancock, M. Jaussi, J.C. Molendijk, M.M. Paoluzzi, J. Sanchez-Quesada
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

CERN's Low Energy Ion Ring (LEIR) low-level RF (LLRF) system has been successfully upgraded in 2016 to the new digital, LLRF family for frequency-sweeping synchrotrons developed at CERN. For LEIR it implements not only beam loops but also the voltage and phase loops required for the control of two Finemet-based High-Level RF (HLRF) systems. This paper gives an overview of the system and of new requirements implemented, such as the parallel operation of two HLRF systems. Beam results for the 2016 lead ions run are also shown.

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THPAB146

Investigation of the Remanent Field of the SPS Main Dipoles and Possible Solutions for Machine Operation

dipole, closed-orbit, operation, proton

4069

F.M. Velotti, H. Bartosik, J. Bauche, M.C.L. Buzio, K. Cornelis, M.A. Fraser, V. Kain
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) provides different types of beams at different extraction energies. The main magnets of the SPS are regulated with a current loop, but it has turned out that hysteresis effects from the main dipoles have a significant impact on reproducibility and hence efficiency and availability. Beam and machine parameters were found to depend on the programmed sequence of magnetic cycles - the so-called super cycle - representing the production of the different beams. The scientific program of the SPS requires frequent changes of the supercycle composition and the effect of the main magnet hysteresis has to be understood, modelled and used in accelerator control system. This paper summarises the first main field measurements carried out with the currently available systems during operational conditions as well as measurements of vital machine and beam parameters as a function of the super cycle composition. Finally, ideas will be presented to provide reproducibility by automatically correcting different parameters taking the magnetic history of the main magnets into account.

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THPIK079

Developments and Measurements Done at ALBA Magnetic Measurements Laboratory Along 2016

dipole, quadrupole, alignment, storage-ring

4266

J. Campmany, L.G.O. Garcia-Orta, J. Marcos, V. Massana
ALBA-CELLS Synchrotron, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain

Along 2016, ALBA magnetic measurements laboratory has measured magnets for a number of facilities that are being built over the world. Their measurement has been a challenge in terms of improving the methodologies of fiducialization and data analysis, since we have to accommodate to the different set of magnets characteristics and specifications. Especially relevant has been the measurement of closed structures using a conventional Hall probe bench, making the measurement in two steps and relying on alignment accuracy to merge both measurements. In this paper we enumerate the different projects in which ALBA has collaborated, and we remark the method for aligning the quadrupoles to the rotating coil, as well the methodology used to measure closed magnets in two steps with the conventional Hall probe bench.

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THPIK113

Tuner of a Second Harmonic Cavity of the Fermilab Booster

cavity, injection, booster, resonance

4362

I. Terechkine, K.L. Duel, R.L. Madrak, A.V. Makarov, G.V. Romanov, D. Sun, C.-Y. Tan
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

Introducing a second harmonic cavity in the accelerating system of the Fermilab Booster promises significant reduction of the particle beam loss during the injection, transition, and extraction stages. To follow the changing energy of the beam during acceleration cycles, the cavity is equipped with a tuner that employs perpendicularly biased AL800 garnet material as the frequency tuning media. The required tuning range of the cavity is from 75.73 MHz at injection to 10⁵.64 MHz at extraction. This large range necessitates the use of a relatively low bias magnetic field at injection, which could lead to high RF loss power density in the garnet, or a strong bias magnetic field at extraction, which could result in high power consumption in the tuner's bias magnet. The required 15 Hz repetition rate of the device and high sensitivity of the local RF power loss to the level of the magnetic field added to the challenges of the bias system design. In this report, the main features of a proposed prototype of the second harmonic cavity tuner are presented.

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THPIK116

Static Magnetization Properties of AL800 Garnet Material

cavity, booster, injection, power-supply

4370

J. Kuharik, R.L. Madrak, A.V. Makarov, W. Pellico, D. Sun, C.-Y. Tan, I. Terechkine
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

A second harmonic tunable RF cavity is being developed for the Fermilab Booster. This device, which promises reduction of the particle beam loss at the injection, transition, and extraction stages, employs perpendicularly biased garnet material for the frequency tuning. The required range of the tuning is significantly wider than in previously built and tested tunable RF devices. As a result, the magnetic field in the garnet becomes fairly close to the gyromagnetic resonance line at the lower end of the frequency range. The chosen design concept of a tuner for the cavity cannot ensure uniform magnetic field in the garnet material; thus it is important to know the static magnetic properties of the material to avoid significant increase in the local RF loss power density. This report summarizes studies performed at Fermilab to understand variations in the magnetic properties of the AL-800 garnet material used to build the tuner of the cavity.

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THPVA031

Beam Tests of Diamond-Like Carbon Coating for Mitigation of Electron Cloud

electron, proton, operation, emittance

4497

J.S. Eldred, M. Backfish, C.-Y. Tan, R.M. Zwaska
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
S. Kato
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

Electron cloud beam instabilities are an important consideration in virtually all high-energy particle accelerators and could pose a formidable challenge to forthcoming high-intensity accelerator upgrades. Our results evaluate the efficacy of a diamond-like carbon (DLC) coating for the mitigation of electron in the Fermilab Main Injector. The interior surface of the beampipe conditions in response to electron bombardment from the electron cloud and we track the change in electron cloud flux over time in the DLC coated beampipe and uncoated stainless steel beampipe. The electron flux is measured by retarding field analyzers placed in a field-free region of the Main Injector. We find the DLC coating reduces the electron cloud signal to roughly 2\% of that measured in the uncoated stainless steel beampipe.

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THPVA056

Study of Influence of Dipole and Quadrupole Power Ripple on Slow Extraction for XiPAF

simulation, quadrupole, dipole, resonance

4569

Q. Zhang, G.R. Li, Z.Y. Lin, X.W. Wang, H.J. Yao, S.X. Zheng
TUB, Beijing, People's Republic of China
X. Guan
Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China

The 3rd resonant slow extraction and RF-Knockout technology has been adopted for XiPAF, which was designed for proton therapy and single event effects. The separatrix of stable region will fluctuate in the process of slow extraction due to power ripple, hence influence the uniform of extracted beam and the extraction efficiency. The influence of dipole and quadrupole power ripple is studied in theory and simulated by a MPI parallel multi-particle program, a method of making beam less sensitive to power ripple is discussed and verified by simulation.

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THPVA074

Upgrade Study of the MedAustron Ion Beam Center

ion, quadrupole, betatron, synchrotron

4619

A. De Franco, T.T. Böhlen, F. Farinon, G. Kowarik, M. Kronberger, C. Kurfürst, S. Nowak, F. Osmić, M.T.F. Pivi, C. Schmitzer, P. Urschütz, A. Wastl
EBG MedAustron, Wr. Neustadt, Austria

Funding: This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sk'odowska-Curie grant agreement No 675265.
MedAustron is a synchrotron-based ion beam therapy center allowing the treatment of tumours with protons and other light ion species, in particular C⁶⁺. Commissioning of the first irradiation room for clinical therapy with proton beams has been completed and in parallel to the commissioning of the remaining two irradiation rooms, a facility upgrade study has started. Our analysis includes considerations for the possibility to introduce different extraction mechanisms, new diagnostic tools, optimization of the accelerator cycle time, ripples mitigation for more accurate active beam stabilization and other improvements for hardware reliability. We present the concept, the main benefits, also in terms of treatment time reduction, and the challenges for implementation. Each option will be investigated including a detailed assessment on resources demand, impact and risk analysis.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2017-THPVA074

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THPVA075

Beam Measurements in the MedAustron Synchrotron With Slow Extraction and Off-Momentum Operation

emittance, synchrotron, betatron, pick-up

4623

C. Kurfürst, A. De Franco, F. Farinon, M. Kronberger, S. Myalski, S. Nowak, F. Osmić, M.T.F. Pivi, C. Schmitzer, P. Urschütz, A. Wastl
EBG MedAustron, Wr. Neustadt, Austria
A. Garonna
TERA, Novara, Italy
T.K.D. Kulenkampff
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
L.C. Penescu
Abstract Landscapes, Montpellier, France

The MedAustron Ion Therapy Center is a medical accelerator facility for hadron therapy cancer treatment using protons and carbon ions. The facility features 4 irradiation rooms, three of which are dedicated to clinical operation and a fourth one dedicated to non-clinical research. The latter was handed over to researchers in autumn 2016. A 7 MeV/n injector feeds a 77 m circumference synchrotron which provides beams for treatment and research. Routine verification measurements in the synchrotron involve beam emittance, dispersion as well as tunes and chromaticity. The horizontal and vertical emittance are measured using scraping plates and a direct current transformer. The dispersion function in the ring is determined by sweeping the synchrotron RF frequency while measuring the beam position in the shoe-box pick-ups. The horizontal and vertical betatron tune and chromaticity are measured with Direct Diode Detection electronics, developed at CERN, while changing the beam position with the RF radial loop. The beam is kept off-momentum, thus in dispersive regions the closed orbit is largely offset from the central orbit. Methods for beam measurements in the synchrotron are presented.

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THPVA076

Overview and Status of the MedAustron Ion Therapy Center Accelerator

proton, ion, synchrotron, quadrupole

4627

M.T.F. Pivi, A. De Franco, F. Farinon, M. Kronberger, C. Kurfürst, S. Myalski, S. Nowak, F. Osmić, C. Schmitzer, P. Urschütz, A. Wastl
EBG MedAustron, Wr. Neustadt, Austria
T.K.D. Kulenkampff
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
L.C. Penescu
Abstract Landscapes, Montpellier, France

The synchrotron-based MedAustron accelerator in Wiener Neustadt, Austria, has seen the first clinical beam and has been certified as a medical accelerator in December 2016. This represented a major milestone for the facility whose original design originated more than a decade ago and construction started four years ago. The accelerator is designed to deliver clinical proton beams 60-253 MeV and carbon ions 120-400 MeV/u to three ion therapy irradiation rooms (IRs), including a room with a proton Gantry. Beams up to 800 MeV will be provided to a fourth room dedicated to non-clinical research. Presently, proton beams are delivered to the horizontal beam lines of three irradiation rooms. In parallel, commissioning of the accelerator with Carbon ions and the installation of the Gantry beam line are ongoing. At MedAustron, a third-order resonance extraction method is used to extract particles from the synchrotron in a slow controlled process over a spill time of 0.1-10 seconds to facilitate the measurement and control of the delivered radiation dose during clinical treatments. The main characteristics of the accelerator and the results obtained during the commissioning are presented.

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THPVA082

Multi-Energy Trial Operation of the HIT Medical Synchrotron: Accelerator Model and Data Supply

ion, synchrotron, acceleration, controls

4644

M. Galonska, E. Feldmeier, Th. Haberer, A. Peters, C. Schömers
HIT, Heidelberg, Germany

At the Heidelberg ion beam therapy center (HIT) cancer patients are treated with the raster-scanning dose delivery method of heavy ion pencil beams. The beams are provided by a synchrotron which allows for a variation of the ion penetration depth by changing the ion beam energy for each synchrotron cycle. In order to change the beam energy within one synchrotron cycle the accelerator model and data supply model within the control system have been extended extensively. In this first data supply model beam re-acceleration or deceleration between two arbitrary extraction energies is defined. The model defines an additional transition phase, i.e. current/set value patterns between extraction and the re-acceleration yet giving the possibility of setting the beam properties suitable for further acceleration/deceleration. This includes the dipoles, correctors, quadrupoles, sextupoles, KO-Exciter (spill break), and RF. This allowed for the survey and optimisation of the beam properties including possible beam losses of the re-accelerated, transversally blown up beam for arbitrary energy levels.

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THPVA083

First Tests of a Re-accelerated Beam at Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Centre (HIT)

synchrotron, ion, operation, acceleration

4647

C. Schömers, E. Feldmeier, M. Galonska, Th. Haberer, J.T. Horn, A. Peters
HIT, Heidelberg, Germany

In the active raster scanning method performed at HIT since 2009, tumors are irradiated slice-by-slice by changing the extraction energy. The synchrotron provides a library of 255 different extraction-energy levels per ion type, according to the aimed penetration depth. So far, a new synchrotron cycle is started for each iso-energy-slice resulting in a non-optimal duty cycle. In order to reduce treatment time and to increase the number of patients treated per day, synchrotron cycles with several extraction flattops on different energy levels are planned. After completing one iso-energy-slice, remaining particles will be reaccelerated to the adjacent level. As a first test a new data supply model generating patterns for power supplies and RF devices with two different extraction flattops has been implemented recently. The properties of the reaccelerated beam are now under detailed examination. The reaccelerated beam was successfully extracted and guided to the experimental area. Ionization chambers along the beam line clearly show two spills on two different extraction flattops. The desired change of beam energy has been verified by range measurements in a water column.

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THPVA100

Future Plans of ADS Proton Drivers at Kyoto University Research Reactor Institute

proton, synchrotron, neutron, kicker

4695

Y. Ishi, Y. Kuriyama, Y. Mori, T. Uesugi
Kyoto University, Research Reactor Institute, Osaka, Japan

The accelerator complex using FFAG synchrotrons at Kyoto University Research Reactor Institute has been operated for the ADS experiments connecting the 100 MeV proton beam line with the research reactor facility KUCA (Kyoto University Critical Assembly) since 2009. Number of neutrons produced through the nuclear spallation process strongly depends on the beam energy of the pri- mary protons. If the beam energy is increased from 100 MeV to 400 MeV, the number of neutrons corresponding to single primary proton is increased by a factor of 20. Therefore, the energy upgrade of the accelerator facility is desired by the reactor physicists. A new 400 MeV FFAG synchrotron has been designed. The results of the feasibility study of the 400 MeV ring will be presented.

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THPVA101

Scanning Irradiation System at SAGA-HIMAT

operation, synchrotron, ion, lattice

4698

M. Kanazawa, M. Endo, T. Himukai, M. Kitamura, M. Mizota, A. Nakagawara, H. Sato, Y. Shioyama, T. Totoki, Y. Tsunashima
SAGA HIMAT, Saga, Japan

In SAGA-HIMAT, 620 patients have been treated by use of two irradiation rooms in 2015 financial year, where passive irradiation method is adopted. To increase treatment capacity of our facility, we have started the construction of the third treatment room at the beginning of 2014 with a scanning irradiation system. In the new treatment room (room C), there are horizontal and vertical irradiation courses. This construction was required to carry out without interruptions on the treatments in room A and room B. At the end of 2016 financial year, the system tests are almost scheduled to be ready for treatment. In this presentation, we will give obtained performances of our scanning system.

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THPVA109

Design and Fuild-Solid-Heat Coupling Analysis of an Electrostatic Deflector for Hust SCC250 Proton Therapy Facility

septum, proton, cyclotron, coupling

4713

S. Hu, K. Fan, L.X.F. Li, Z.Y. Mei, Z.J. Zeng, L.G. Zhang
HUST, Wuhan, People's Republic of China

The study of proton therapy equipment has earned more and more attention in recent years in China. A superconducting cyclotron based proton therapy facility is being developed for/at Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST). The proton beam is extracted by means of electrostatic deflectors followed by a series of magnetic channels. This paper introduces the design of an electrostatic deflector, including the structure optimization and the material selections. In order to minimize the risk of destruction caused by the proton beam loss, fluid-solid-heat coupling analysis for the deflector has been conducted by applying computational fluid dynamics (CFD) on ANSYS 16.0 software. The maximum temperatures of the septum in various cases of cooling water speed, septum thickness and material have been investigated respectively. The result based on thermal analysis will give us a valuable reference to choose a suitable configuration for the deflector.

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THPVA111

Central Region Design for a Superconducting Cyclotron in the HUST Proton Therapy Facility

proton, ion, ion-source, cyclotron

4716

Z.Y. Mei, K. Fan, S. Hu, L.X.F. Li, Z.J. Zeng, L.G. Zhang
HUST, Wuhan, People's Republic of China

A 250 MeV isochronous superconducting cyclotron was adopted in the HUST proton therapy facility. Since the proton beam quality is often limited by the parameters of the central region, special care is given to the design and optimization of the central region to obtain a qualified proton beam using for treatment. An internal proton PIG source with constant arc current is adopted to meet the stability requirements of the beam. Furthermore, a puller followed by an adjustable slit and a fixed vertical collimator are installed to maintain a good centering and vertical focusing beam with maximum intensity. In order to meet the requirement of the intensity modulated proton therapy (IMPT), a vertical kicker is used just followed the puller. The central region structure is optimized iteratively with the simulation results of the OPERA3D and the CYCLONE code. An optimum central region structure has been obtained with RF phase acceptance is around 24°. This paper presents the design parameters of the central region and the results of the proton beam simulation.

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THPVA120

Present Status of the SC202 Superconducting Cyclotron Project

cyclotron, simulation, cavity, proton

4730

G.A. Karamysheva, S. Gurskiy, O. Karamyshev, G. Kazakova, N.A. Morozov, D.V. Popov, E.V. Samsonov, G. Shirkov, S.G. Shirkov, G.V. Trubnikov
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
Y.F. Bi, G. Chen, Y. Chen, K.Z. Ding, H. Feng, J. Li, Y. Song, Y.H. Xie, Q. Yang, J. Zheng
ASIPP, Hefei, People's Republic of China
V. Malinin
JINR/DLNP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia

In 2015 the joint project with ASIPP (Hefei, China) on design and construction of superconducting proton cyclotron SC202 was started. Two copies of SC202 shall be produced, according to the Collaboration Agreement between JINR and ASIPP. One will be used for proton therapy in Hefei and the second one will be used to replace the Phasotron in the research and treatment program on proton therapy at JINR. Recent status of the SC202 superconducting cyclotron for hadron therapy design and manufacture is presented.

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