IPAC2014 - List of Keywords (network)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOPME070	Investigation of a High Power, Low Impedance Pulse Forming Network based on Ceramic Capacitors	impedance, simulation, experiment, laser	529
	J. Gao, X.J. Ge, J. He, J. Liu NUDT, Changsha, People's Republic of China
	Solid state is one of the most important development directions for pulsed power technologies. For GW level pulse generators, switches and pulse forming units are difficult to implement with solid state components restricted by high power tolerance and high voltage insulation. Under certain pulse power, operation voltage is decided by impedance of the pulse forming unit, which means that pulse modulation with low impedance method should help improve insulation strength of a pulsed power system. Therefore, a high power, low impedance pulse forming network is developed based on solid components of ceramic capacitors in this research. It is designed that the impedance is 1.6 Ω, the pulse width is about 150 ns, and the output power is above 1 GW. Low impedance is accomplished via several pulse forming units connected in parallel with a circumferential structure, which could reduce the stray inductance due to good symmetrical characteristics. Key factors influencing pulse modulation process are investigated, stray parameters are examined by electromagnetic calculations and preliminary experiments are carried out, with results giving reasonable agreement with the theoretical cases.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPME070
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MOPME080	Affordable Short Pulse Marx Modulator	high-voltage, controls, flattop, linear-collider	557
	R.A. Phillips, G. DelPriore, M.P.J. Gaudreau, M.K. Kempkes Diversified Technologies, Inc., Bedford, Massachusetts, USA J.A. Casey Rockfield Research Inc., Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
	Funding: US Department of Energy, Award DE-SC00004251 High energy, short-pulse modulators are being re-examined for the Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) and numerous X-Band accelerator designs. At the very high voltages required for these systems, all of the existing designs are based on pulse transformers, which significantly limit their performance and efficiency. There is not a fully optimized, transformerless modulator design capable of meeting the demanding requirements of very high voltage pulses at short pulse widths. Under a U.S. Department of Energy grant, Diversified Technologies, Inc. (DTI) is developing a short pulse, solid-state Marx modulator. The modulator is designed for high efficiency in the 100 kV to 500 kV range, for currents up to 250 A, pulse lengths of 0.2 to 5.0 μs, and risetimes <300 ns. Key objectives of the development effort are modularity and scalability, combined with low cost and ease of manufacture. For short-pulse modulators, this Marx topology provides a means to achieve fast risetimes and flattop control that are not available with hard switch or transformer-coupled topologies. The system is in the final stages of testing prior to installation at Yale University.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPME080
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TUPRO076	Initial Experimental Analysis into the eRHIC Polarized Electron Beam Transport System	dipole, cathode, electron, operation	1217
	C. Yeckel, E. Dobrin, P. Holen, R.C. Miller, M. Stangenes, K.A. Thompson, L.W. Thompson Stangenes Industries, Palo Alto, California, USA I. Ben-Zvi, R.F. Lambiase, J. Skaritka, E. Wang BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	Stangenes Industries is working closely with Brookhaven National Lab in the United States to develop the eRHIC future ion collider. The collider requires a polarized electron source with high average current, short bunch length and small emittance. An array of photocathodes with their beams funneled into a common trajectory is utilized to achieve the required beam current and cathode lifetime. Stangenes Industries is charged with delivering the prototype injector for preliminary beam studies that will lead to full implementation by 2020. This study focuses on the development of the of beam transport system extending from cathode to beam dump. A majority of the complexity involves the so called "combiner magnet" that acts as a high frequency-rotating dipole to bend each beam into the final common trajectory. Preliminary experiments into the feasibility of such a system are analyzed.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRO076
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TUPME057	Optimization of Accelerators and Light Sources within oPAC	cavity, simulation, controls, booster	1499
	C.P. Welsch Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom C.P. Welsch The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
	Funding: This project has received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement no 289485. The optimization of particle accelerators and light sources by combining studies into beam physics, instrumentation, numerical simulations and accelerator control systems is the aim of the EU-funded oPAC project. With a budget of more than 6 M€, oPAC is one of the largest training networks ever funded by the EU and currently trains more than 20 Marie Curie Fellows. This paper presents selected research highlights, including optimization studies into the CERN Proton Synchrotron (PS), measurement and correction of linear and nonlinear optics distortions in the ALBA synchrotron (Spain), perturbation measurements of a cavity Schottky noise detector at GSI (Germany) and R&D into device control data base tool at COSYLAB (Slovenia). Moreover, a summary of past and future oPAC events is also given.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPME057
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TUPRI114	Performance of the TPS RF Reference Distribution Links	timing, booster, distributed, synchrotron	1836
	K.T. Hsu, Y.-S. Cheng, K.H. Hu, C.Y. Liao, C.Y. Wu NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	A fibre based 500 MHz RF reference distribution system with femtosecond jitter and temperature drift compensation will deploy for the Taiwan Photon Source (TPS) project. The system consists of several pair’s commercial available continue wave RF fibre links. Installation is performed in the 1st quarter of 2014. Characterize the performance of the install system are in proceeding. Jitter of the transfer RF reference and drift due to ambient temperature effects are investigated systematically. Instrumentation to support the measurement are also addressed. Follow up plans to revise the system configuration and work out to transfer low jitter RF reference to time-resolved experimental stations are in considered. Measurement results will be summarized in this report.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRI114
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WEPME006	DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A 4 KW, 500 MHZ SOLID STATE RF AMPLIFIER AT IRANIAN LIGHT SOURCE FACILITY (ILSF)	power-supply, insertion, storage-ring, booster	2264
	A. Shahverdi, H. Ajam, H. Ghasem, Kh.S. Sarhadi ILSF, Tehran, Iran
	Solid state RF power amplifiers have been considered as an attractive candidate for providing the high power RF power required in increasing number of accelerator applications in recent years. Due to the advantages of these amplifiers and based on the successful experience done in other light sources; ILSF RF group has started R&D in design and fabrication of solid state amplifiers. Two modules based on two different LDMOS transistors have been developed successfully at 500MHz. The measured characteristics are presented and compared in this paper. Combining of 8 such modules is under test to achieve 4kW output power as the first stage of the conceptually designed combining network. This paper outlines the design concept of the different parts of the amplifiers and presents the experimental results obtained so far.
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WEPME012	Solid-State Amplifier Development at FREIA	operation, impedance, cryomodule, vacuum	2282
	D.S. Dancila, A. Rydberg Uppsala University, Department of Engineering Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden A. Eriksson, V.A. Goryashko, L.F. Haapala, R.J.M.Y. Ruber, R. Wedberg, R.A. Yogi, V.G. Ziemann Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
	The FREIA laboratory is a Facility for REsearch Instrumentation and Accelerator development at Uppsala University, Sweden, constructed recently to test and develop superconducting accelerating cavities and their high power RF sources. FREIA's activity target initially the European Spallation Source (ESS) requirements for testing spoke cavities and RF power stations, typically 400 kW per cavity. Different power stations will be installed at the FREIA laboratory. The first one is based on vacuum tubes and the second on a combination of solid state modules. In this context, we investigate different related aspects, such as power generation and power combination. For the characterization of solid-state amplifier modules in pulsed mode, at ESS specifications, we implemented a Hot S-parameters measurement set-up, allowing in addition the measurement of different parameters, such as gain and efficiency. We developed also a new solid-state amplifier module at 352 MHz, using commercially available LDMOS transistors. Preliminary results show a drain efficiency of 71% at 1300 W pulsed output power.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPME012
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WEPME016	Experience Operating an X-band High-Power Test Stand at CERN	klystron, controls, vacuum, LLRF	2288
	W. Wuensch, N. Catalán Lasheras, A. Degiovanni, S. Döbert, W. Farabolini, J.W. Kovermann, G. McMonagle, S.F. Rey, I. Syratchev, L. Timeo CERN, Geneva, Switzerland J. Tagg National Instruments Switzerland, Ennetbaden, Switzerland B.J. Woolley Cockcroft Institute, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
	CERN has constructed and is operating a klystron-based X-band test stand, called Xbox-1, dedicated to the high-gradient testing of prototype accelerating structures for CLIC and other applications such as FELs. The test stand has now been in operation for a year and significant progress has been made in understanding the system, improving its reliability, upgrading hardware and implementing automatic algorithms for conditioning the accelerating structures. This experience is reviewed.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPME016
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WEPME022	The VSL3616, CPI’s 1.3 GHz, 700 Watt CW, GaN Solid State Power Amplifier	controls, operation, insertion, monitoring	2302
	G. Solomon, D. Riffelmacher, R. Snyder, M. Tracy, T.A. Treado CPI, Beverley, Massachusetts, USA
	The VSL3616 GaN SSPA is a 1.3 GHz, 700 watt CW, liquid-cooled solid state power amplifier (SSPA). It has exceptional amplitude and phase stability and is being used to drive the VKL9130A1 IOT in CPI’s VIL410 30 kW CW IOT transmitter. The VSL3616 SSPA is configured in a 19 inch rack mount enclosure. Higher power levels can be obtained by power combining multiple VSL3616 SSPAs. The VSL3616 SSPA has been designed for very tight amplitude and phase control. The amplitude ripple and phase ripple are specified to be better than 0.05% rms and better than 0.2 degrees rms, respectively. The stability of the output power is specified to be better than 0.1% over any 20 second period of time. This paper will describe the design and operation of the VSL3616 SSPA. Results from a 1000 hour life test will be presented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPME022
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WEPME050	High Frequency Electromagnetic Characterization of NEG properties for the CLIC Damping Rings	simulation, damping, experiment, impedance	2384
	E. Koukovini-Platia, G. Rumolo, C. Zannini CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Coating materials will be used in the CLIC damping rings (DR) to suppress two-stream effects. In particular, NEG coating is necessary to suppress fast beam ion instabilities in the electron damping ring (EDR). The electromagnetic (EM) characterization of the material properties up to high frequencies is required for the impedance modeling of the CLIC DR components. The EM properties for frequencies of few GHz are determined with the waveguide method, based on a combination of experimental measurements of the complex transmission coefficient S21 and CST 3D EM simulations. The results obtained from a NEG coated copper (Cu) waveguide are presented in this paper.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPME050
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WEPME064	Comparison of an Analytical Model for Lossy Transmission Lines with Measurement Data	impedance, LLRF, radio-frequency, feedback	2424
	N. Schmitt TEMF, TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany H. Klingbeil GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
	This paper deals with the analytical modeling of lossy coaxial transmission lines in the frequency range from 100 kHz to 50 MHz with focus on corrugated coaxial lines with polyethylene foam as dielectric. The considered transmission lines are used in low-level radio frequency (LLRF) systems (< 5 MHz) at GSI. These applications require a high precision in amplitude and phase for the transmitted signals where a detailed knowledge of the line properties is of significant interest. As the corresponding data sheets do not provide appropriate data, the necessary data have been computed. The obtained results from the purely analytical model were then compared with previous measurements for validation purposes.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPME064
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WEPRI070	Mechanical Properties of Ingot Nb Cavities	cavity, SRF, niobium, radio-frequency	2654
	G. Ciovati, P. Dhakal, P. Kneisel, J.D. Mammosser, J. Matalevich, G.R. Myneni JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
	Funding: This manuscript has been authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177. This contribution presents the results of measurements of the resonant frequency and of strain along the contour of a single-cell cavity made of ingot Nb subjected to increasing uniform differential pressure, up to 6 atm. The data were used to infer mechanical properties of this material after cavity fabrication, by comparison with the results from simulation calculations done with ANSYS. The objective is to provide useful information about the mechanical properties of ingot Nb cavities which can be used in the design phase of SRF cavities intended to be built with this material.
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WEPRI072	High Power Co-axial Couplers for SRF Cavities	Windows, klystron, SRF, simulation	2657
	J. Guo, J. Henry, R.A. Rimmer, H. Wang, R.S. Williams JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA A. Dudas, M.L. Neubauer Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Dept. of Energy grant no. DE-SC0002769 High Power RF couplers are required in a wide range of accelerator projects using superconducting RF cavities. We have proposed a novel robust coax SRF coupler design using two pre-stressed disc windows without the need of additional matching elements. The matching frequency and the power handling capacity can be easily scaled by changing the diameter and the spacing of the windows. In this paper, we will present our latest progress in the fabrication and the testing of the windows.
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THPRO049	Magnet AC Analysis of a Taiwan Light Source Booster	quadrupole, electron, booster, factory	2977
	H.C. Chen, H.H. Chen, S. Fann, S.J. Huang, A.P. Lee, J.A. Li, C.C. Liang, Y.K. Lin NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	The Response Surface Methodology (RSM), is used to study the optimization process of magnet AC in the booster for Taiwan Light Source (TLS) in National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC). A study model was constructed based on the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) theory. The theoretical model and optimization procedure were both implemented to evaluate the model. The details of the study will be reported in this paper.
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THPRO103	A Control System for the FRANZ Accelerator	controls, ion-source, ion, neutron	3134
	S.M. Alzubaidi, O. Meusel, U. Ratzinger, K. Volk, C. Wagner IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany H. Dinter DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	The Frankfurt Neutron Source at the Stern- Gerlach Zentrum (FRANZ) is a multi-purpose facility for experiments related to accelerator development and nuclear astrophysics. A 200 mA proton beam will produce a neutron flux by use of the reaction 7Li(p, n)7Be. To study the reliability and performance of the accelerator an effective and powerful control system will be needed. A small ion source was used for the first performance test of the control system. The design of the control loop algorithm for the High Current proton source will be discussed. Physical data routinely taken by the control system are compared with manual measurements.
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THPRO109	Design and Status of the SuperKEKB Accelerator Control Network System	controls, EPICS, linac, Ethernet	3150
	M. Iwasaki, K. Furukawa, T.T. Nakamura, T. Obina, S. Sasaki, M. Satoh KEK, Ibaraki, Japan T. Aoyama, T. Nakamura Mitsubishi Electric System & Service Co., Ltd, Tsukuba, Japan
	We have upgraded the accelerator control network system for SuperKEKB, the upgrade of the KEKB asymmetric energy e⁺e⁻ collider for the next generation B-factory experiment in Japan. For SuperKEKB, the accelerator control network system with the higher performance of the wider bandwidth data transfer, and more reliable and redundant configuration, is required, to ensure the robust operations under the 40 times higher luminosity. We install the 10 gigabit Ethernet (10GbE) network switches for the wider network bandwidth and optical cables to construct the redundant network. We reconfigure the network design to connect the accelerator control network and the KEK laboratory network to enhance the security. For the beamline construction and the accelerator components maintenance, we install the new wireless network system consists with the Leaky Coaxial (LCX) cable antennas and collinear antennas, which have good radiation hardness of >1MGy, into the 3 km circumference accelerator tunnel. In this paper, we describe the design and current status of the SuperKEKB accelerator control network system.
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THPRO115	Control System Design Considerations for MYRRHA ADS	controls, EPICS, PLC, software	3162
	R. Modic, G. Pajor, K. Žagar Cosylab, Ljubljana, Slovenia L. Medeiros Romão, R. Salemme, D. Vandeplassche SCK•CEN, Mol, Belgium
	The accelerator (ACC) is the first step of the accelerator driven system (ADS). A high power continuous wave ACC is required for ADS applications. An essential aspect of ACC is beam availability. It must be an order of magnitude better than current best systems. High availability is achieved by fault tolerance and redundancy of the ACC. Three factors play a key role here: use of components in a high MTBF regime, parallel and serial redundancy of components, ability to repair failing elements. In terms of ACC controls system (CS) EPICS and Linux is chosen as proven technology. High availability will be achieved through making parts of the CS redundant. Subsystems shall be redundant by design. If failure of a subsystem is detected, pre-defined scenarios should kick-in. System model or "virtual accelerator" can be implemented to predict effects of parameter change, determine required configuration of set points for optimal performance or re-configuration in case of sub-system failure. Implementation of predictive diagnostics can harvest large amount of data created by archiving service. Prediction of failure allows for controlled shutdown as opposed to abrupt stop.
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THPME201	Survey Network of NESTOR Facility	target, survey, alignment, storage-ring	3754
	O. Bezditko, V.E. Ivashchenko, I.M. Karnaukhov, A. Mytsykov, O.V. Ryezayev, A.Y. Zelinsky NSC/KIPT, Kharkov, Ukraine
	For successful operation of X-ray source NESTOR it is necessary that all the focusing elements should be installed in design position according to the designed lattice, which should provide a low emittance value and small beam size at the interaction point . Accuracies of NESTOR electromagnetic elements installation are 100 mkm in the transverse coordinate, 200 mkm in the longitudinal coordinate and 200 mrad for all three rotation freedom. To achieve these objectives coordinate net, which allows us to align the elements, was designed and developed in the hall of the NESTOR storage ring. The whole process is controlled by means of optical instruments and theodolite 3T2KP with angular accuracy of 2" and laser meter system LMS - 100, which measure the distance with micron accuracy. The final errors budget consists of the accuracy of the measuring instruments, the quality of elements manufacture and assembling. A well-planned methodology allows to realize the design parameters of the X-ray generator "NESTOR " and was proved by experiments of the facility.
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THPRI093	CSCM: EXPERIMENTAL AND SIMULATION RESULTS	simulation, dipole, operation, extraction	3988
	S. Rowan, B. Auchmann, K. Brodzinski, Z. Charifoulline, R. Denz, V. Roger, I. Romera, R. Schmidt, A.P. Siemko, J. Steckert, H. Thiesen, A.P. Verweij, G.P. Willering, D. Wollmann, M. Zerlauth CERN, Geneva, Switzerland H. Pfeffer Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	The copper-stabilizer continuity measurement - or CSCM - was devised to obtain a direct and complete qualification of the continuity in the 13 kA bypass circuits of the LHC, especially in the copper-stabilizer of the busbar joints and the bolted connections in the diode-leads. The circuit under test is brought to ~20 K, a voltage is applied to open the diodes, and the low-inductance circuit is powered with a pre-defined series of current profiles. The profiles are designed to successively increase the thermal load on the busbar joints up to a level that corresponds to worst-case operating conditions at nominal energy. In this way, the circuit is tested for thermal runaways in the joints - the very process that could prove catastrophic if it occurred under nominal conditions with the full circuit energy. Surveillance software and a numerical model were devised to carry out the analysis and ensure complete protection of the circuit from over-heating. A type test of the CSCM was successfully carried out in April 2013 on one main dipole and one main quadrupole circuit of the LHC. This paper describes the analysis procedure, the numerical model, and results of this first type test.
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THPRI102	Energy Effciency of Particle Accelerators - A Networking Effort within the EUCARD² Program	operation, quadrupole, focusing, luminosity	4016
	J. Stadlmann, P.J. Spiller GSI, Darmstadt, Germany R. Gehring KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany E. Jensen CERN, Geneva, Switzerland T.I. Parker ESS, Lund, Sweden M. Seidel PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
	Funding: EuCARD² is co-funded by the partners and the European Commission under Capacities 7th Framework Programme, Grant Agreement 312453 EuCARD² is an Integrating Activity Project for coordinated Research and Development on Particle Accelerators, co-funded by the European Commission under the FP7 Capacities Programme. Within the network EnEfficient we address topics around energy efficiency of research accelerators. The ambitious scientific research goals of modern accelerator facilities lead to high requirements in beam power and beam quality for those research accelerators. In conjunction with the user’s needs the power consumption and environmental impact of the research facilities becomes a major factor in the perception of both funding agencies and the general public. In this Network we combine and focus the R&D done individually at different research centers into a series of workshops. We cover the topics “Energy recovery from cooling circuits “, “Higher electronic efficiency RF power generation“, “Short term energy storage systems”, “Virtual power plants” and “Beam transfer channels with low power consumption”. Our network activities are naturally open to external participants. With this work we will introduce our energy efficiency topics to interested participants and contributors from the whole community.
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THPRI114	Apparatus and Technique for Measuring Low RF Resistivity of Tube Coatings at Cryogenic Temperatures	vacuum, cryogenics, electron, cavity	4046
	A. Hershcovitch, M. Blaskiewicz, J.M. Brennan, J. Brodowski, W. Fischer, R. Than, J.E. Tuozzolo BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA A.X. Custer, A.A. Dingus, M.Y. Erickson, N.Z. Jamshidi, H.J. Poole PVI, Oxnard, California, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy. An in-situ technique for coating stainless steel vacuum tubes with Cu was developed to mitigate the problems of wall resistivity that leads to unacceptable ohmic heating of superconducting magnets cold bore and electron cloud generation in RHIC that can limit future machine luminosity enhancement. Room temperature RF resistivity of 10 μm Cu coated stainless steel RHIC beam tube has conductivity close to copper tubing. Before coating the RHIC beam pipe with copper, it is imperative to test the Cu coating’s conductivity at cryogenic. A folded quarter wave resonator structure has been designed and built for insertion in a cryogenic system to measure RF resistivity of copper coated RHIC tubing at liquid helium temperatures. The design is based on making the resonator structure out of a superconducting material such that the copper coating is the most lossy material. RHIC tubing samples prepared with different magnetron sputtering deposition modes are to be optimized by iterative processes. Additionally, this device can also be used for the development of better, cheaper SRF cavities and electron guns. The apparatus and its design details will be presented.
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THPRI115	Measuring and Aligning Accelerator Components to the Nanometre Scale	alignment, quadrupole, collider, target	4049
	N. Catalán Lasheras, H. Mainaud Durand, M. Modena CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	First tests have shown that the precision and accuracy required for linear colliders and other future accelerators of 10 micrometers cannot be reached with a process based on independent fiducializations of single components. Indeed, the systematic and random errors at each step add up during the process with the final accuracy of each component center well above the target. A new EC-funded training network named PACMAN (a study on Particle Accelerator Components Metrology and Alignment to the Nanometer scale) will propose and develop an alternative solution integrating all the alignment steps and a large number of technologies at the same time and location, in order to gain the required precision and accuracy. The network composed of seven industrial partners and nine universities and research centers will be based at CERN where ten doctoral students will explore the technology limitations of metrology. They will develop new techniques to measure magnetic and microwave fields, optical and non-contact sensors and survey methods as well as high accuracy mechanics, nano-positioning and vibration sensors.
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Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

MOPME070

Investigation of a High Power, Low Impedance Pulse Forming Network based on Ceramic Capacitors

impedance, simulation, experiment, laser

529

J. Gao, X.J. Ge, J. He, J. Liu
NUDT, Changsha, People's Republic of China

Solid state is one of the most important development directions for pulsed power technologies. For GW level pulse generators, switches and pulse forming units are difficult to implement with solid state components restricted by high power tolerance and high voltage insulation. Under certain pulse power, operation voltage is decided by impedance of the pulse forming unit, which means that pulse modulation with low impedance method should help improve insulation strength of a pulsed power system. Therefore, a high power, low impedance pulse forming network is developed based on solid components of ceramic capacitors in this research. It is designed that the impedance is 1.6 Ω, the pulse width is about 150 ns, and the output power is above 1 GW. Low impedance is accomplished via several pulse forming units connected in parallel with a circumferential structure, which could reduce the stray inductance due to good symmetrical characteristics. Key factors influencing pulse modulation process are investigated, stray parameters are examined by electromagnetic calculations and preliminary experiments are carried out, with results giving reasonable agreement with the theoretical cases.

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MOPME080

Affordable Short Pulse Marx Modulator

high-voltage, controls, flattop, linear-collider

557

R.A. Phillips, G. DelPriore, M.P.J. Gaudreau, M.K. Kempkes
Diversified Technologies, Inc., Bedford, Massachusetts, USA
J.A. Casey
Rockfield Research Inc., Las Vegas, Nevada, USA

Funding: US Department of Energy, Award DE-SC00004251
High energy, short-pulse modulators are being re-examined for the Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) and numerous X-Band accelerator designs. At the very high voltages required for these systems, all of the existing designs are based on pulse transformers, which significantly limit their performance and efficiency. There is not a fully optimized, transformerless modulator design capable of meeting the demanding requirements of very high voltage pulses at short pulse widths. Under a U.S. Department of Energy grant, Diversified Technologies, Inc. (DTI) is developing a short pulse, solid-state Marx modulator. The modulator is designed for high efficiency in the 100 kV to 500 kV range, for currents up to 250 A, pulse lengths of 0.2 to 5.0 μs, and risetimes <300 ns. Key objectives of the development effort are modularity and scalability, combined with low cost and ease of manufacture. For short-pulse modulators, this Marx topology provides a means to achieve fast risetimes and flattop control that are not available with hard switch or transformer-coupled topologies. The system is in the final stages of testing prior to installation at Yale University.

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TUPRO076

Initial Experimental Analysis into the eRHIC Polarized Electron Beam Transport System

dipole, cathode, electron, operation

1217

C. Yeckel, E. Dobrin, P. Holen, R.C. Miller, M. Stangenes, K.A. Thompson, L.W. Thompson
Stangenes Industries, Palo Alto, California, USA
I. Ben-Zvi, R.F. Lambiase, J. Skaritka, E. Wang
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA

Stangenes Industries is working closely with Brookhaven National Lab in the United States to develop the eRHIC future ion collider. The collider requires a polarized electron source with high average current, short bunch length and small emittance. An array of photocathodes with their beams funneled into a common trajectory is utilized to achieve the required beam current and cathode lifetime. Stangenes Industries is charged with delivering the prototype injector for preliminary beam studies that will lead to full implementation by 2020. This study focuses on the development of the of beam transport system extending from cathode to beam dump. A majority of the complexity involves the so called "combiner magnet" that acts as a high frequency-rotating dipole to bend each beam into the final common trajectory. Preliminary experiments into the feasibility of such a system are analyzed.

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TUPME057

Optimization of Accelerators and Light Sources within oPAC

cavity, simulation, controls, booster

1499

C.P. Welsch
Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
C.P. Welsch
The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom

Funding: This project has received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement no 289485.
The optimization of particle accelerators and light sources by combining studies into beam physics, instrumentation, numerical simulations and accelerator control systems is the aim of the EU-funded oPAC project. With a budget of more than 6 M€, oPAC is one of the largest training networks ever funded by the EU and currently trains more than 20 Marie Curie Fellows. This paper presents selected research highlights, including optimization studies into the CERN Proton Synchrotron (PS), measurement and correction of linear and nonlinear optics distortions in the ALBA synchrotron (Spain), perturbation measurements of a cavity Schottky noise detector at GSI (Germany) and R&D into device control data base tool at COSYLAB (Slovenia). Moreover, a summary of past and future oPAC events is also given.

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TUPRI114

Performance of the TPS RF Reference Distribution Links

timing, booster, distributed, synchrotron

1836

K.T. Hsu, Y.-S. Cheng, K.H. Hu, C.Y. Liao, C.Y. Wu
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan

A fibre based 500 MHz RF reference distribution system with femtosecond jitter and temperature drift compensation will deploy for the Taiwan Photon Source (TPS) project. The system consists of several pair’s commercial available continue wave RF fibre links. Installation is performed in the 1st quarter of 2014. Characterize the performance of the install system are in proceeding. Jitter of the transfer RF reference and drift due to ambient temperature effects are investigated systematically. Instrumentation to support the measurement are also addressed. Follow up plans to revise the system configuration and work out to transfer low jitter RF reference to time-resolved experimental stations are in considered. Measurement results will be summarized in this report.

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WEPME006

DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A 4 KW, 500 MHZ SOLID STATE RF AMPLIFIER AT IRANIAN LIGHT SOURCE FACILITY (ILSF)

power-supply, insertion, storage-ring, booster

2264

A. Shahverdi, H. Ajam, H. Ghasem, Kh.S. Sarhadi
ILSF, Tehran, Iran

Solid state RF power amplifiers have been considered as an attractive candidate for providing the high power RF power required in increasing number of accelerator applications in recent years. Due to the advantages of these amplifiers and based on the successful experience done in other light sources; ILSF RF group has started R&D in design and fabrication of solid state amplifiers. Two modules based on two different LDMOS transistors have been developed successfully at 500MHz. The measured characteristics are presented and compared in this paper. Combining of 8 such modules is under test to achieve 4kW output power as the first stage of the conceptually designed combining network. This paper outlines the design concept of the different parts of the amplifiers and presents the experimental results obtained so far.

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WEPME012

Solid-State Amplifier Development at FREIA

operation, impedance, cryomodule, vacuum

2282

D.S. Dancila, A. Rydberg
Uppsala University, Department of Engineering Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
A. Eriksson, V.A. Goryashko, L.F. Haapala, R.J.M.Y. Ruber, R. Wedberg, R.A. Yogi, V.G. Ziemann
Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

The FREIA laboratory is a Facility for REsearch Instrumentation and Accelerator development at Uppsala University, Sweden, constructed recently to test and develop superconducting accelerating cavities and their high power RF sources. FREIA's activity target initially the European Spallation Source (ESS) requirements for testing spoke cavities and RF power stations, typically 400 kW per cavity. Different power stations will be installed at the FREIA laboratory. The first one is based on vacuum tubes and the second on a combination of solid state modules. In this context, we investigate different related aspects, such as power generation and power combination. For the characterization of solid-state amplifier modules in pulsed mode, at ESS specifications, we implemented a Hot S-parameters measurement set-up, allowing in addition the measurement of different parameters, such as gain and efficiency. We developed also a new solid-state amplifier module at 352 MHz, using commercially available LDMOS transistors. Preliminary results show a drain efficiency of 71% at 1300 W pulsed output power.

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WEPME016

Experience Operating an X-band High-Power Test Stand at CERN

klystron, controls, vacuum, LLRF

2288

W. Wuensch, N. Catalán Lasheras, A. Degiovanni, S. Döbert, W. Farabolini, J.W. Kovermann, G. McMonagle, S.F. Rey, I. Syratchev, L. Timeo
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
J. Tagg
National Instruments Switzerland, Ennetbaden, Switzerland
B.J. Woolley
Cockcroft Institute, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom

CERN has constructed and is operating a klystron-based X-band test stand, called Xbox-1, dedicated to the high-gradient testing of prototype accelerating structures for CLIC and other applications such as FELs. The test stand has now been in operation for a year and significant progress has been made in understanding the system, improving its reliability, upgrading hardware and implementing automatic algorithms for conditioning the accelerating structures. This experience is reviewed.

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WEPME022

The VSL3616, CPI’s 1.3 GHz, 700 Watt CW, GaN Solid State Power Amplifier

controls, operation, insertion, monitoring

2302

G. Solomon, D. Riffelmacher, R. Snyder, M. Tracy, T.A. Treado
CPI, Beverley, Massachusetts, USA

The VSL3616 GaN SSPA is a 1.3 GHz, 700 watt CW, liquid-cooled solid state power amplifier (SSPA). It has exceptional amplitude and phase stability and is being used to drive the VKL9130A1 IOT in CPI’s VIL410 30 kW CW IOT transmitter. The VSL3616 SSPA is configured in a 19 inch rack mount enclosure. Higher power levels can be obtained by power combining multiple VSL3616 SSPAs. The VSL3616 SSPA has been designed for very tight amplitude and phase control. The amplitude ripple and phase ripple are specified to be better than 0.05% rms and better than 0.2 degrees rms, respectively. The stability of the output power is specified to be better than 0.1% over any 20 second period of time. This paper will describe the design and operation of the VSL3616 SSPA. Results from a 1000 hour life test will be presented.

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WEPME050

High Frequency Electromagnetic Characterization of NEG properties for the CLIC Damping Rings

simulation, damping, experiment, impedance

2384

E. Koukovini-Platia, G. Rumolo, C. Zannini
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Coating materials will be used in the CLIC damping rings (DR) to suppress two-stream effects. In particular, NEG coating is necessary to suppress fast beam ion instabilities in the electron damping ring (EDR). The electromagnetic (EM) characterization of the material properties up to high frequencies is required for the impedance modeling of the CLIC DR components. The EM properties for frequencies of few GHz are determined with the waveguide method, based on a combination of experimental measurements of the complex transmission coefficient S21 and CST 3D EM simulations. The results obtained from a NEG coated copper (Cu) waveguide are presented in this paper.

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WEPME064

Comparison of an Analytical Model for Lossy Transmission Lines with Measurement Data

impedance, LLRF, radio-frequency, feedback

2424

N. Schmitt
TEMF, TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
H. Klingbeil
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany

This paper deals with the analytical modeling of lossy coaxial transmission lines in the frequency range from 100 kHz to 50 MHz with focus on corrugated coaxial lines with polyethylene foam as dielectric. The considered transmission lines are used in low-level radio frequency (LLRF) systems (< 5 MHz) at GSI. These applications require a high precision in amplitude and phase for the transmitted signals where a detailed knowledge of the line properties is of significant interest. As the corresponding data sheets do not provide appropriate data, the necessary data have been computed. The obtained results from the purely analytical model were then compared with previous measurements for validation purposes.

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WEPRI070

Mechanical Properties of Ingot Nb Cavities

cavity, SRF, niobium, radio-frequency

2654

G. Ciovati, P. Dhakal, P. Kneisel, J.D. Mammosser, J. Matalevich, G.R. Myneni
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA

Funding: This manuscript has been authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177.
This contribution presents the results of measurements of the resonant frequency and of strain along the contour of a single-cell cavity made of ingot Nb subjected to increasing uniform differential pressure, up to 6 atm. The data were used to infer mechanical properties of this material after cavity fabrication, by comparison with the results from simulation calculations done with ANSYS. The objective is to provide useful information about the mechanical properties of ingot Nb cavities which can be used in the design phase of SRF cavities intended to be built with this material.

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WEPRI072

High Power Co-axial Couplers for SRF Cavities

Windows, klystron, SRF, simulation

2657

J. Guo, J. Henry, R.A. Rimmer, H. Wang, R.S. Williams
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
A. Dudas, M.L. Neubauer
Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA

Funding: Work supported by Dept. of Energy grant no. DE-SC0002769
High Power RF couplers are required in a wide range of accelerator projects using superconducting RF cavities. We have proposed a novel robust coax SRF coupler design using two pre-stressed disc windows without the need of additional matching elements. The matching frequency and the power handling capacity can be easily scaled by changing the diameter and the spacing of the windows. In this paper, we will present our latest progress in the fabrication and the testing of the windows.

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THPRO049

Magnet AC Analysis of a Taiwan Light Source Booster

quadrupole, electron, booster, factory

2977

H.C. Chen, H.H. Chen, S. Fann, S.J. Huang, A.P. Lee, J.A. Li, C.C. Liang, Y.K. Lin
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan

The Response Surface Methodology (RSM), is used to study the optimization process of magnet AC in the booster for Taiwan Light Source (TLS) in National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC). A study model was constructed based on the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) theory. The theoretical model and optimization procedure were both implemented to evaluate the model. The details of the study will be reported in this paper.

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THPRO103

A Control System for the FRANZ Accelerator

controls, ion-source, ion, neutron

3134

S.M. Alzubaidi, O. Meusel, U. Ratzinger, K. Volk, C. Wagner
IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
H. Dinter
DESY, Hamburg, Germany

The Frankfurt Neutron Source at the Stern- Gerlach Zentrum (FRANZ) is a multi-purpose facility for experiments related to accelerator development and nuclear astrophysics. A 200 mA proton beam will produce a neutron flux by use of the reaction 7Li(p, n)7Be. To study the reliability and performance of the accelerator an effective and powerful control system will be needed. A small ion source was used for the first performance test of the control system. The design of the control loop algorithm for the High Current proton source will be discussed. Physical data routinely taken by the control system are compared with manual measurements.

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THPRO109

Design and Status of the SuperKEKB Accelerator Control Network System

controls, EPICS, linac, Ethernet

3150

M. Iwasaki, K. Furukawa, T.T. Nakamura, T. Obina, S. Sasaki, M. Satoh
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
T. Aoyama, T. Nakamura
Mitsubishi Electric System & Service Co., Ltd, Tsukuba, Japan

We have upgraded the accelerator control network system for SuperKEKB, the upgrade of the KEKB asymmetric energy e⁺e⁻ collider for the next generation B-factory experiment in Japan. For SuperKEKB, the accelerator control network system with the higher performance of the wider bandwidth data transfer, and more reliable and redundant configuration, is required, to ensure the robust operations under the 40 times higher luminosity. We install the 10 gigabit Ethernet (10GbE) network switches for the wider network bandwidth and optical cables to construct the redundant network. We reconfigure the network design to connect the accelerator control network and the KEK laboratory network to enhance the security. For the beamline construction and the accelerator components maintenance, we install the new wireless network system consists with the Leaky Coaxial (LCX) cable antennas and collinear antennas, which have good radiation hardness of >1MGy, into the 3 km circumference accelerator tunnel. In this paper, we describe the design and current status of the SuperKEKB accelerator control network system.

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THPRO115

Control System Design Considerations for MYRRHA ADS

controls, EPICS, PLC, software

3162

R. Modic, G. Pajor, K. Žagar
Cosylab, Ljubljana, Slovenia
L. Medeiros Romão, R. Salemme, D. Vandeplassche
SCK•CEN, Mol, Belgium

The accelerator (ACC) is the first step of the accelerator driven system (ADS). A high power continuous wave ACC is required for ADS applications. An essential aspect of ACC is beam availability. It must be an order of magnitude better than current best systems. High availability is achieved by fault tolerance and redundancy of the ACC. Three factors play a key role here: use of components in a high MTBF regime, parallel and serial redundancy of components, ability to repair failing elements. In terms of ACC controls system (CS) EPICS and Linux is chosen as proven technology. High availability will be achieved through making parts of the CS redundant. Subsystems shall be redundant by design. If failure of a subsystem is detected, pre-defined scenarios should kick-in. System model or "virtual accelerator" can be implemented to predict effects of parameter change, determine required configuration of set points for optimal performance or re-configuration in case of sub-system failure. Implementation of predictive diagnostics can harvest large amount of data created by archiving service. Prediction of failure allows for controlled shutdown as opposed to abrupt stop.

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THPME201

Survey Network of NESTOR Facility

target, survey, alignment, storage-ring

3754

O. Bezditko, V.E. Ivashchenko, I.M. Karnaukhov, A. Mytsykov, O.V. Ryezayev, A.Y. Zelinsky
NSC/KIPT, Kharkov, Ukraine

For successful operation of X-ray source NESTOR it is necessary that all the focusing elements should be installed in design position according to the designed lattice, which should provide a low emittance value and small beam size at the interaction point . Accuracies of NESTOR electromagnetic elements installation are 100 mkm in the transverse coordinate, 200 mkm in the longitudinal coordinate and 200 mrad for all three rotation freedom. To achieve these objectives coordinate net, which allows us to align the elements, was designed and developed in the hall of the NESTOR storage ring. The whole process is controlled by means of optical instruments and theodolite 3T2KP with angular accuracy of 2" and laser meter system LMS - 100, which measure the distance with micron accuracy. The final errors budget consists of the accuracy of the measuring instruments, the quality of elements manufacture and assembling. A well-planned methodology allows to realize the design parameters of the X-ray generator "NESTOR " and was proved by experiments of the facility.

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THPRI093

CSCM: EXPERIMENTAL AND SIMULATION RESULTS

simulation, dipole, operation, extraction

3988

S. Rowan, B. Auchmann, K. Brodzinski, Z. Charifoulline, R. Denz, V. Roger, I. Romera, R. Schmidt, A.P. Siemko, J. Steckert, H. Thiesen, A.P. Verweij, G.P. Willering, D. Wollmann, M. Zerlauth
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
H. Pfeffer
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

The copper-stabilizer continuity measurement - or CSCM - was devised to obtain a direct and complete qualification of the continuity in the 13 kA bypass circuits of the LHC, especially in the copper-stabilizer of the busbar joints and the bolted connections in the diode-leads. The circuit under test is brought to ~20 K, a voltage is applied to open the diodes, and the low-inductance circuit is powered with a pre-defined series of current profiles. The profiles are designed to successively increase the thermal load on the busbar joints up to a level that corresponds to worst-case operating conditions at nominal energy. In this way, the circuit is tested for thermal runaways in the joints - the very process that could prove catastrophic if it occurred under nominal conditions with the full circuit energy. Surveillance software and a numerical model were devised to carry out the analysis and ensure complete protection of the circuit from over-heating. A type test of the CSCM was successfully carried out in April 2013 on one main dipole and one main quadrupole circuit of the LHC. This paper describes the analysis procedure, the numerical model, and results of this first type test.

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THPRI102

Energy Effciency of Particle Accelerators - A Networking Effort within the EUCARD² Program

operation, quadrupole, focusing, luminosity

4016

J. Stadlmann, P.J. Spiller
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
R. Gehring
KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
E. Jensen
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
T.I. Parker
ESS, Lund, Sweden
M. Seidel
PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland

Funding: EuCARD² is co-funded by the partners and the European Commission under Capacities 7th Framework Programme, Grant Agreement 312453
EuCARD² is an Integrating Activity Project for coordinated Research and Development on Particle Accelerators, co-funded by the European Commission under the FP7 Capacities Programme. Within the network EnEfficient we address topics around energy efficiency of research accelerators. The ambitious scientific research goals of modern accelerator facilities lead to high requirements in beam power and beam quality for those research accelerators. In conjunction with the user’s needs the power consumption and environmental impact of the research facilities becomes a major factor in the perception of both funding agencies and the general public. In this Network we combine and focus the R&D done individually at different research centers into a series of workshops. We cover the topics “Energy recovery from cooling circuits “, “Higher electronic efficiency RF power generation“, “Short term energy storage systems”, “Virtual power plants” and “Beam transfer channels with low power consumption”. Our network activities are naturally open to external participants. With this work we will introduce our energy efficiency topics to interested participants and contributors from the whole community.

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THPRI114

Apparatus and Technique for Measuring Low RF Resistivity of Tube Coatings at Cryogenic Temperatures

vacuum, cryogenics, electron, cavity

4046

A. Hershcovitch, M. Blaskiewicz, J.M. Brennan, J. Brodowski, W. Fischer, R. Than, J.E. Tuozzolo
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
A.X. Custer, A.A. Dingus, M.Y. Erickson, N.Z. Jamshidi, H.J. Poole
PVI, Oxnard, California, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
An in-situ technique for coating stainless steel vacuum tubes with Cu was developed to mitigate the problems of wall resistivity that leads to unacceptable ohmic heating of superconducting magnets cold bore and electron cloud generation in RHIC that can limit future machine luminosity enhancement. Room temperature RF resistivity of 10 μm Cu coated stainless steel RHIC beam tube has conductivity close to copper tubing. Before coating the RHIC beam pipe with copper, it is imperative to test the Cu coating’s conductivity at cryogenic. A folded quarter wave resonator structure has been designed and built for insertion in a cryogenic system to measure RF resistivity of copper coated RHIC tubing at liquid helium temperatures. The design is based on making the resonator structure out of a superconducting material such that the copper coating is the most lossy material. RHIC tubing samples prepared with different magnetron sputtering deposition modes are to be optimized by iterative processes. Additionally, this device can also be used for the development of better, cheaper SRF cavities and electron guns. The apparatus and its design details will be presented.

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THPRI115

Measuring and Aligning Accelerator Components to the Nanometre Scale

alignment, quadrupole, collider, target

4049

N. Catalán Lasheras, H. Mainaud Durand, M. Modena
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

First tests have shown that the precision and accuracy required for linear colliders and other future accelerators of 10 micrometers cannot be reached with a process based on independent fiducializations of single components. Indeed, the systematic and random errors at each step add up during the process with the final accuracy of each component center well above the target. A new EC-funded training network named PACMAN (a study on Particle Accelerator Components Metrology and Alignment to the Nanometer scale) will propose and develop an alternative solution integrating all the alignment steps and a large number of technologies at the same time and location, in order to gain the required precision and accuracy. The network composed of seven industrial partners and nine universities and research centers will be based at CERN where ten doctoral students will explore the technology limitations of metrology. They will develop new techniques to measure magnetic and microwave fields, optical and non-contact sensors and survey methods as well as high accuracy mechanics, nano-positioning and vibration sensors.

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