Cyclotrons2016 - List of Keywords (extraction)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOA02	Upgrade of the LNS Superconducting Cyclotron for Beam Power Higher than 2-5 kW	cyclotron, ion, vacuum, acceleration	7
	L. Calabretta, A. Calanna, G. Cuttone, G. D'Agostino, D. Rifuggiato, A.D. Russo INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
	The LNS Superconducting Cyclotron has been in operation for more than 20 years, delivering to users a considerable variety of ion species from H to Pb, with energy in the range 10 to 80 A MeV. Up to now the maximum beam power has been limited to 100 W due to the beam dissipation in the electrostatic deflectors. To fulfill the users request, aiming to study rare processes in Nuclear Physics, the beam power has been planned to be increased up to 2-10 kW for ions with mass lower than 40 a.m.u., to be extracted by stripping. This development will maintain the present performance of the machine, i.e. the existing extraction mode will be maintained for all the ion species allowed by the operating diagram. To achieve this goal, a significant refurbishing operation of the cyclotron is needed, including a new cryostat with new superconducting coils, a new extraction channel with a large vertical gap, additional penetrations to host new magnetic channels and new compensation bars. Moreover the vacuum in the acceleration chamber is planned to be improved by replacing the liners and the trim coils. A general description of the refurbishing project will be presented.
	Slides MOA02 [11.857 MB]
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MODM01	Design Study of the 250 MeV Isochronous Superconducting Cyclotron Magnet	proton, cyclotron, magnet-design, acceleration	33
	W. Chen, Z.K. Liang, X. Liu Huazhong University of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology,, Hubei, People's Republic of China K. Fan, K.F. Liu, B. Qin HUST, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
	Superconducting cyclotron is an optimum choice to deliver high quality continuous wave (CW) proton beams for proton therapy with its compactness and power saving. Field isochronism and tune optimization are the two crucial factors of cyclotrons during the magnet design. This paper is concentrated on the superconducting magnet design, mainly including the spiral magnet, isochronous field and the tune optimization. The main parameters and some features of the machine will be presented.
	Slides MODM01 [0.623 MB]
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MOP06	Physical Design of the Extraction Trim-Rods in a 230 MeV Superconducting Cyclotron	cyclotron, acceleration, proton, feedback	61
	D.S. Zhang, M. Li, C. Wang, J.J. Yang, T.J. Zhang CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	Two electrostatic deflectors are used for beam extraction of the 230 MeV superconducting cyclotron CYCIAE-230, which is under development at CIAE. Resonance crossing and processional motion are introduced by a first harmonic bump of main field during the beam dynamics design to increase the turn separation and accordingly the extraction efficiency. Four trim-rods of variable depth are employed to generate the desirable field bump for their stability, the amplitude and azimuth of first harmonic bump can be adjusted with different size and depth of trim-rods. However, effect on isochronous field in acceleration region is followed by trim-rods in practice, therefore the base depth of trim-rods need to be designed and re-shimming procedure of main magnet model need to be implemented interactively. The effect of trim-rods and isochronous field production by a new model will be presented in this paper.
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MOP10	Numerical Orbit Tracking in 3D Through the Injector Cyclotron for Heavy Ions at iThemba LABS	cyclotron, acceleration, injection, emittance	71
	J.G. De Villiers, J.I. Broodryk, J.L. Conradie, F. Nemulodi, R.W. Thomae iThemba LABS, Somerset West, South Africa J.J. Yang, T.J. Zhang CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	Funding: Jointly supported by the National Research Foundation of South Africa (No. 92793) and National Science Foundation of China (No. 11461141003). The RF and magnetic fields of the injector cyclotron (SPC2) were modelled in 3D with finite element methods, using OPERA-3d, in an effort to determine the cause of the relative poor beam transmission through the machine in the 8-turn mode. Simulation of the particle motion in SPC2 was done using machine operational parameters for acceleration of 20Ne³⁺. The isochronous magnetic field is calculated from a complete cyclotron magnet model and the electrostatic field distribution from a dee electrode model, using TOSCA. The modelling of the high frequency resonance conditions of the resonators with SOPRANO-EV provided the relative variation of the electric field profiles in the acceleration gaps. A command line program was developed to combine the information of the three models and implement time-dependent control of the electrostatic fields during the particle tracking. In addition, based on calculated data from OPERA-3D, the parallel particle-in-cell code OPAL-CYCL was used to calculate a particle orbit for comparison with OPERA-3d. The models, methods and calculated results will be presented.
	Poster MOP10 [2.178 MB]
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MOP14	Study of the Beam Extraction from Superconducting Cyclotron SC200	cyclotron, septum, proton, resonance	87
	K.Z. Ding, Y.F. Bi, G. Chen, Y. Chen, Sh. Du, H. Feng, J. Ge, J. Li, Y. Song, Y.H. Xie, J. Zheng ASIPP, Hefei, People's Republic of China O. Karamyshev, G.A. Karamysheva, N.A. Morozov, E.V. Samsonov, G. Shirkov JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
	According to the agreement between the Institute of Plasma Physics (ASIPP) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Hefei, China, and Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), Dubna, Russia, the project of superconducting isochronous cyclotron for proton therapy SC200 is under development at JINR. The cyclotron will provide acceleration of protons up to 200 MeV with maximum beam current ~1 μA. Extraction system of the beam consists of electrostatic deflector and two passive magnetic channels. Electric field strength in deflector does not exceed 170 kV/cm, gradients of magnetic field in channels are in range 2-4 kG/cm.The first of the channels focusing the beam in horizontal plane is subdivided into four parts. Geometry and magnetic field of two and three bars sub channelsare described. Results of the beam tracking inside extraction system are presented. Efficiency of the beam extraction was estimated for different amplitudes of the betatron oscillations in accelerated beam.
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MOP19	A Diamond Detector Test Bench to Assess the S2C2 Beam Characteristics	detector, proton, emittance, timing	102
	J. van de Walle, S. Henrotin, Y. Paradis, I.C. Tkint IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
	The fast timing capabilities, compactness, high sensitivity and radiation hardness of diamond detectors make them ideally suited for measurements in the pulsed beam from the S2C2. In this communicaiton, we will present first results obtained on the S2C2 with such a diamond probe and the mechanical design of a dedicated test bench to be used for factory tests. The test bench is able to measure the beam direction, the intensity distribution in the beam, the emittance (with an emittance slit) and the exact moment when the beam is extracted from the S2C2. We are able to measure the frequency at which the protons are extracted from the S2C2 and to observe small (<100 keV) mean energy fluctuations in the extracted beam. All these measurements can be done with extreme low beam intensities so that activation of the S2C2 is highly reduced.
	Poster MOP19 [1.320 MB]
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TUA01	Offline Tests with the NSCL Cyclotron Gas Stopper	ion, cyclotron, cryogenics, vacuum	121
	S. Schwarz, K.R. Lund, D.J. Morrissey, J. Ottarson, C. Sumithrarachchi NSCL, East Lansing, Michigan, USA G. Bollen, S. Chouhan, J. DeKamp, M.A. Green, C. Magsig, A.C.C. Villari, A.F. Zeller FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA G. Bollen MSU, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
	Funding: This work is supported by NSF under grants PHY-09-58726 and PHY-11-02511 Rare isotopes are produced at the NSCL by projectile fragmentation at energies of ~100 MeV/u. The NSCL has successfully used linear gas stopping cells for more than a decade to decelerate projectile fragments to the keV range; first for experiments at low-energy and more recently for reacceleration. A novel reverse-cyclotron has been constructed by the NSCL based on a superconducting sectored-cyclotron magnet and LN2-cooled He gas to confine and slow down the fragments. Efficient stopping is predicted even for light ions that are difficult to thermalize in linear gas cells. The thermalized ions are transported to the center by a radial RF-carpet system, extracted through the yoke with an ion conveyor and accelerated to <60 keV for delivery to users. Measured field profiles have confirmed field calculations. The cryogenic beam-stopping chamber has been installed inside the magnet. The RF ion-guiding components have been tested successfully offline and are being prepared for low-energy ion-transport tests inside the magnet. A summary of the expected performance, the status of the machine, and results from recent low-energy transport tests will be presented.
	Slides TUA01 [3.816 MB]
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TUA03	New Time Structures Available at the HZB Cyclotron	cyclotron, proton, pick-up, ion	130
	A. Denker, J. Bundesmann, T. Damerow, T. Fanselow, D. Hildebrand, U. Hiller, C. Rethfeldt, J. Röhrich HZB, Berlin, Germany
	While most of the beam time of the cyclotron is used for proton therapy of ocular melanomas, an increasing amount of beam time is used for experiments. In response to a growing demand on time structures a new pulse suppressor was developed. This was necessary as our cyclotron was originally designed for heavy ions, thus limiting us to repetition rates of 75 kHz for light ions. The pulse suppression is now accomplished completely on the low-energy side, making the pulse suppressor on the high energy side, which was needed for single pulses, superfluous. With this new pulse suppressor the repetition rate of the pulse may be varied from 2 MHz down to 1 Hz or less. The pulse length can be freely chosen from a quasi-continuous beam to single pulses with a pulse width less than 1 ns. The pulses are measured either with a specially developed Faraday cup or non-destructively with a pick-up. The extraction of single pulses surveys very precisely if single turn extraction is achieved. The set-up of the pulse suppressor, measurements on the time structures for various beams and examples of their experimental use will be presented.
	Slides TUA03 [3.956 MB]
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TUA04	Recent Improvements in Beam Delivery with the TRIUMF's 500 MeV Cyclotron	target, cyclotron, TRIUMF, injection	133
	I.V. Bylinskii, R.A. Baartman, K. Jayamanna, T. Planche, Y.-N. Rao TRIUMF, Canada's National Laboratory for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Vancouver, Canada
	TRIUMF's 500 MeV H⁻ Cyclotron, despite its 44 years age is under continuous development. Many aspects of beam delivery have been improved over the last few years. Regular 3-week cusp source filament exchange cycle has advanced to multi-months due to greatly improved filament life time. Fine source tuning allowed beam intensity rise in support of routine extraction of 300 uA of protons. The injection line model has been fully correlated with online measurements that enabled its tuning and matching to the emittance defining slits and the cyclotron entrance. Cyclotron routinely produces 3 simultaneous high intensity beams (~100 uA each). Multiple techniques have been developed to maintain extracted beams intensity stability within ± 1%. Record extraction foil life times in excess of 500 mA-hours have been demonstrated with highly-oriented pyrolytic graphite foil material and improvements in foil holder. Beam rastering on ISOL target allowed higher yields. A single user extraction at 100 MeV was achieved by applying phase slip and deceleration inside the cyclotron.
	Slides TUA04 [2.911 MB]
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TUB04	Acceleration of Polarized Deuteron Beams with RIBF Cyclotrons	cyclotron, ion, acceleration, ion-source	145
	N. Sakamoto, N. Fukunishi, M. Kase, K. Suda RIKEN Nishina Center, Wako, Japan K. Sekiguchi Tohoku University, Graduate School of Science, Sendai, Japan
	We have recently performed experiments with polarized deuteron beams at the Radioactive Isotope Beam Factory (RIBF). Tensor- and vector-polarized deuterons were produced using the RIKEN polarized ion source (PIS), which is an atomic-beam-type ion source equipped with an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ionizer, and were accelerated to 190 MeV/u, 250 MeV/u, and 300 MeV/u with a cyclotron cascade. To measure the various spin observables, the spin orientation of the deuteron beams was freely directed by using a Wien filter. The advantage of this method is that since the velocity of the deuteron is low the size of a magnet required for the spin rotation is very compact. On the other hand it is crucial to realize strict single-turn extraction for each cyclotron because the cyclotron magnetic field causes precession of the deuteron spin resulting in a deviation between its spin orientation and the beam propagation direction. This paper describes the acceleration of the polarized deuteron beams by the RIBF accelerators and the method to confirm single-turn extraction.
	Slides TUB04 [13.581 MB]
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TUC03	Extraction by Stripping in the IFNS-LNS Superconducting Cyclotron: Study of the Extraction Trajectories	ion, cyclotron, simulation, quadrupole	160
	G. D'Agostino, L. Calabretta, A. Calanna, D. Rifuggiato INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
	The INFN-LNS Superconducting Cyclotron will be upgraded to allow for the extraction by stripping for ion beams with masses below 40 amu. By choosing properly the position of the stripper, it is possible to convoy the trajectories of the selected representative ion beams across a new extraction channel (E.C.). Here we report the design study for the new E.C. and the simulations of the beam envelopes for a set of ions to find out the parameters of the magnetic channels necessary to focus and to steer the beams through the new extraction line. Two new compensation bars have been designed to compensate the first harmonic contribution of the new magnetic channels. The results of these simulations will be also presented.
	Slides TUC03 [2.909 MB]
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TUP03	Extraction System Design for the New IBA Cyclotron for PET Radioisotope Production	target, cyclotron, site, ion	167
	W.J.G.M. Kleeven, E. Forton, E.K. Kral, B. Nactergal, V. Nuttens, S. Zaremba, J. van de Walle IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
	At IBA, we have designed, constructed, tested and industrialized an innovative isochronous cyclotron for PET isotope production. The design has been optimized for costeffectiveness, compactness, ease of maintenance and high performances, with a particular emphasis on its application and market. Multiple target stations can be placed around the vacuum chamber. An innovative extraction method (patent applications pending) has been designed which allows to obtain the same extracted beam sizes and properties on the target window independent of the target number. This is achieved by proper design and shaping of the magnet poles. This magnetic design is discussed together with beam dynamics simulations and beam extraction tests on the first machine.
	Poster TUP03 [1.246 MB]
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TUP04	Magnet Design of the New IBA Cyclotron for PET Radio-isotope Production	cyclotron, ion, magnet-design, proton	170
	S. Zaremba, S. De Neuter, W.J.G.M. Kleeven, B. Nactergal, V. Nuttens, J. van de Walle IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
	An innovative isochronous cyclotron for PET radioisotope production has been designed, constructed, tested and industrialized at Ion Beam Applications (IBA) [1]. This cyclotron (patent application pending) produces 18MeV proton beam and is called the Cyclone® KIUBE. The design has been optimized for cost-effectiveness, compactness, ease of maintenance and high performance, which are key elements considering its application in the dedicated market. Compared to the previous 18 MeV protons and 9 MeV deuteron machine from IBA, Cyclone® 18/9, the gap between the poles has been reduced from 30 to 24 mm and the method of shimming to obtain isochronous magnetic field has been reviewed thoroughly. In early 2016, the prototype Cyclone® KIUBE was successfully commissioned at the IBA factory and the observed proton beam intensity outperformed Cyclone® 18/9.
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TUP13	Magnetic Field Measurement System of CS-30 Cyclotron	cyclotron, ion, resonance, data-acquisition	196
	F.M. Alrumayan, A. Algaith, A.M. Hendy, J.F. Schneider King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia SA. AL-Ghamdi, H.A. Kassim KSU, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
	Funding: This project was supported by the NSTIP strategic technologies program in the kingdom. – Award No. (14-MAT-1233-20). The magnetic field of the CS-30 Cyclotron at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC) has been measured using Hall probe-based mapping system. Although the CS-30 Cyclotron was under full operation for 3 decades, yet, it was crucial to evaluate the stability of beam orbits, particularly after stripping the cyclotron coils and its three sectors. The rational for stripping magnetic component was to replace the pole tip seal underneath the frame. The Hall probe was mounted on a high precision X – Y stage, which was driven by three stepping motors, two motors for X – axis and one motor for Y – axis. The 3MH5 digital Teslameter is a high performance magnetic field measuring instrument, based on the Hall Effect magnetic field – to – voltage transducer. It has digital data correction to provide 0.01% accuracy and it provides the possibility of automatic data acquisition via USB port of our computer. Results have shown an average field of 1.8 T. Further results will be presented and discussed.
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TUP14	The Assembly and Adjustment of the Second Stripping Probe System for CYCIAE-100	controls, proton, cyclotron, PLC	199
	Shizhong. An, L.C. Cao, X.L. Fu, Z.G. Li, G.S. Liu, Y.L. Lv, G.F. Pan, Y. Wang, L.P. Wen, J.S. Xing, T.J. Zhang, Y.W. Zhang CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	A 100 MeV H⁻ compact cyclotron is under construction at China Institute of Atomic Energy (CYCIAE-100). The proton beams ranging from 75 MeV - 100 MeV with 200 μA beam intensity will be extracted in dual opposite direction by charge exchange stripping devices. The stripping probe system is the key part of extraction system for CYCIAE-100. The first stripping extraction system was installed in 2014 and it has satisfied all kinds of requirements for the proton beam extraction. The first 100 MeV proton beam was got on July 4, 2014 and the beam current was stably maintained at above 25 μA for about 9 hours on July 25, 2014. The first RIB with ISOL system driven by 100 MeV proton beam was generated in 2015. The second stripping system was installed in 2015 after the assembly and adjustment. The beam commissioning based on the second stripping system will be finished and the extracted proton beam parameters will be measured in detail in this year.
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TUP27	The Design of the Medical Cyclotron RF Cavity	cavity, cyclotron, simulation, ion	227
	X.W. Wang, F. Yong, R. Zhang IMP/CAS, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
	In the cyclotron, RF system as an essential component provides energy for the ions is accelerated. However, the RF cavity is the most important equipment which produced the accelerating field. According to the physical requirements, RF cavity, the resonant frequency of that is 31.02 MHz, was designed in the paper.
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WEA01	Some Examples of Recent Progress of Beam-Dynamics Studies for Cyclotrons	cyclotron, space-charge, simulation, injection	244
	W.J.G.M. Kleeven IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
	Two subjects are highlighted. The first is the problem of high space charge effects in cyclotrons. The second is the the progress in development of tools and simulations for industrial and medical cyclotrons at IBA.
	Slides WEA01 [2.060 MB]
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WEB04	A Coupled Cyclotron Solution for Carbon Ions Acceleration	cyclotron, ion, injection, acceleration	270
	V.L. Smirnov, S.B. Vorozhtsov JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
	A concept of coupled cyclotrons for acceleration of carbon ions (charge 6+) to 400 MeV/nucleon by a separated sector cyclotron consisting of six sector magnets with superconducting coils is proposed. Injection to the machine will be provided by a compact 70 MeV/nucleon cyclotron. The accelerator complex is intended for setting up a radiation therapy facility employing carbon ions. The advantages of the dual cyclotron design are typical of cyclotron-based solutions. The first design studies of the sector magnet of the main cyclotron (magnetic field increases from 4.2 T to 6.5 T, RF frequency 73.56 MHz, RF mode 6) show that it is feasible with acceptable beam dynamics. The accelerator has a relatively compact size (outer diameter of 8 m) and can be an alternative to synchrotrons.
	Slides WEB04 [1.849 MB]
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THA03	Development of FLNR JINR Heavy Ions Accelerator Complex (DRIBs III)	ion, cyclotron, heavy-ion, ion-source	278
	B. Gikal, S.L. Bogomolov, S.N. Dmitriev, G.G. Gulbekyan, I.A. Ivanenko, I.V. Kalagin, N.Yu. Kazarinov, Y.T. Oganessian, N.F. Osipov, S.V. Pashchenko JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
	The cyclotrons of U-400, U-400M, and IC-100 are in operation in the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions for implementation of scientific program and applied research. Total operation time of these accelerators is about 15000 hours per year. One of the basic scientific programs in FLNR is the synthesis of new elements that demands intensive beams of heavy ions. Now U-400 is capable to provide long-term experiments on 48Ca beam with intensity of 1 pμA. The high-intensity DC-280 cyclotron has been developed in FLNR in order to increase the 48Ca beam intensity up to 10 pμA for this task. The cyclotron U-400 has been in operation since 1978. The U-400 modernization into U-400R is planned to start after finishing DC-280 project. At the U-400M cyclotron, we plan to increase the ion energy of the extracted beam, which now is limited by 55 MeV/nucleon. The IC-100 is used in the laboratory as a specialized machine for applied research on the heavy ion beams with energies of 1 - 1.2 MeV/nucleon.
	Slides THA03 [25.206 MB]
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THB01	The S2C2: From Source to Extraction	proton, cyclotron, injection, resonance	285
	J. van de Walle, M. Abs, E. Forton, S. Henrotin, Y. Jongen, W.J.G.M. Kleeven, P. Verbruggen IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium M. Conjat, J. Mandrillon, P. Mandrillon AIMA, Nice, France
	Apart from being the first constructed superconducting accelerator, the S2C2 is also the first synchro-cyclotron at IBA. To study the beam dynamics, new computational tools had to be developed dealing with much larger number of turns, the longitudinal capture in the central region and the regenerative extraction. The S2C2 is a medical accelerator requiring a precise control of the beam characteristics so a deep understanding of beam dynamics is mandatory. Our simulation strategy allows to gain important insight in the acceleration process and beam characteristics: the beam emittance and energy spread, beam losses, effects of coil misalignments, median plane errors, resonances, etc. The simulation tools are split in three parts. At first, protons are tracked from the source up to about 3 MeV with the in-house tracking code AOC. In a second part, only the energy, RF phase and orbit centers are tracked as a function of time. Finally, a detailed tracking from 225 MeV up to extraction is performed with AOC. Simulations are compared to experimental observations during in-factory testing and commissioning of the first S2C2 installed in Nice, France.
	Slides THB01 [2.574 MB]
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THP09	Mechanical Aspects of the LNS Superconducting Cyclotron Upgrade	ion, cyclotron, simulation, light-ion	322
	G. Gallo, L. Allegra, G. Costa, E. Messina, E. Zappalà INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
	The Superconducting Cyclotron (CS) is a three sectors compact accelerator with a wide operating diagram, capable of accelerating heavy ions with q/A from 0.1 to 0.5 up to energies from 2 to 100 MeV/u. The proposed upgrade to increase the light ion beam intensity by means of extraction by stripping implies many modifications of the median plane. The main activities of the mechanical upgrade are: the actuation of the new magnetic channels for the extraction by stripping and the realization of the two extraction modes, by stripping and by electrostatic deflection. For the magnetic channels and compensating iron bars, we are studying the problems of mechanical handling. To obtain the two extraction modes, we are trying to design a new set that allows for the exhange of two devices: electrostatic deflectors and and stripper with its magnetic channels for stripping extraction.
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THP10	Status and Upgrade of the Cryogenic Plant of the LNS Superconducting Cyclotron After 25 Years of Operation	cryogenics, cyclotron, vacuum, radiation	325
	F. Noto, M. Cafici, A. Carbonaro, A. Di Stefano, A. Pagano, F. Speziale INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
	The Superconducting Cyclotron (CS) is a compact ac-celerator with three sectors with a wide operating dia-gram, capable of accelerating heavy ions with values q/A from 0.1 to 0.5 up to energies from 10 to 80 MeV/u. An upgrade of the CS superconducting magnet is in progress to extend the capability of the machine to high intensity beam facilities. In this paper we describe the status of CS Cryostat and its Cryogenic Plant after 25 years of continuous opera-tions at 4.2 K with the exception of the stop of about one year for the tenth test and the stop for restoring of the liquefier and the main issues happened during that long time. We describe the last complex and demanding pro-cedure for the revamping of the He liquefier, its ancillary parts, other cryogenic parts of the CS, with special atten-tion about the Piping and Instrumentation, gas analysis, Heat Exchangers, LN2 transfer lines, Human-Machine Interface, vacuum system for thermal isolation, GHe re-covery system and the optimization for the consumption of electrical power. In conclusion we describe some hypothesis about the future upgrade of the Cryogenic system and the new Cry-ostat of the CS, in special way we analyse an approach to redefine the interconnection, piping boundary line and cryogenic diagnostic.
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THP11	Improvement of the NIRS-930 Cyclotron for Targeted Radionuclide Therapy	injection, cyclotron, operation, target	328
	S. Hojo, K. Katagiri, M. Nakao, A. Noda, K. Noda, A. Sugiura, T. Wakui NIRS, Chiba-shi, Japan
	In recent years, the production of radionuclides for Targeted Radionuclide Therapy (TRT) with the NIRS-930 cyclotron has been one of the most important activities in National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS). In the production of 211At, for example, a target material with low melting point is irradiated with a high intensity beam. A vertical beam line have the advantage in irradiation with low-melting-point target. Therefore a vertical beam line has been modified for the production of radionuclides. This line was used for neutron source with beryllium target. The beam intensity and beam energy are important parameters for the effective production of radionuclide for TRT. In order to increase beam intensity, the acceleration phase and injection energy have been optimized by measuring beam phase. The beam energy has been measured by TOF and adjusted by tuning the acceleration frequency. Those studies and improvement are reported.
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THP15	Analysis of the Plasma Characteristics for Beam Current Optimization for TR-13 Cyclotron	plasma, ion, ion-source, power-supply	339
	W.J. Jun, J.-S. Chai, M. Ghergherehchi, D.H. Ha, H.S. Kim, J.C. Lee, S.C. Mun, H. Namgoong, Y.H. Yeon SKKU, Suwon, Republic of Korea
	There is a TR-13 cyclotron that extracts energy of 13 MeV protons which is located in Sungkyunkwan University. The components of the whole cyclotron are so old that cannot reproduce the situation that had been operated generally. So the researchers in this laboratory were eager to improve the technical problems of the components and finally optimize the beam profile. The finally extracted beam current is critically depends on the initially extracted beam from the ion source injection system (ISIS). The ISIS is composed of several electrical instruments. The voltage or current which is applied to these components can affect the finally extracted beam profile. However, the original values for the input voltage or current is almost fixed to special values that had been written in the operation manual. It means that the bad condition of this cyclotron cannot be matched for these values which had been conducted in the best condition of the operation. So, by using the programmable logic controller (PLC), it is possible to use varying inputs in various conditions, and the beam current is able to be stabilized much better than applying the constant input values. Finally, this paper would show the tendency of the plasma generation in terms of modulating the applying input values which occurs inside the ion source chamber. It represents the plasma characteristics that critically influence the beam current.
	Poster THP15 [2.407 MB]
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THP16	Beam Based Calibration Measurements at the PSI Cyclotron Facility	cyclotron, survey, proton, space-charge	342
	C. Baumgarten PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
	The PSI cyclotron facility is in operation since four decades. Even though the design details of the original machine are well documented, doubts may remain, if all changes of the most relevant devices during 40 years of operation are known with certainty. Furthermore some measurements like magnetic field mappings and central region alignment measurements can be done only during the construction and assembly phase either for mechanical reasons, due to limited shutdown or maintenance periods or because of the activation of components. Therefore it is important to develop methods that allow to check important parameters during beam operation without a disassembling of components. An effective method to test the consistency of the data is based on the combination of beam tracking simulations and beam based measurements. We present some beam based alignment and calibration measurements concerning collimator positions, Dee voltage distributions, turn patterns, beam energy and trim coil field profiles using measurements of radial probes, phase pickups and profile monitors.
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THP20	Magnetic System for SC200 Superconducting Cyclotron for Proton Therapy	cyclotron, proton, simulation, plasma	353
	N.A. Morozov, O. Karamyshev, G.A. Karamysheva, E.V. Samsonov, G. Shirkov JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia Y.F. Bi, G. Chen, Y. Chen, K.Z. Ding, Sh. Du, H. Feng, J. Ge, J. Li, Y. Song, J. Zheng, J. Zhou ASIPP, Hefei, People's Republic of China
	The superconducting cyclotron SC200 for proton therapy is designing by ASIPP (Hefei, China) and JINR (Dubna, Russia) will be able to accelerate protons to the energy 200 MeV with the maximum beam current of 1 μA. A conceptual design study with 3D codes for the superconducting cyclotron magnet has been carried out during 2015-16 at ASIPP and JINR. The main design considerations are reviewed. The results obtained by numerical field computation for a suitable choice of design parameters are presented. Results of numerical calculations are the basis for technical design of SC200 cyclotron.
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THC03	Compact Superconducting Cyclotron SC200 for Proton Therapy	cyclotron, proton, simulation, acceleration	371
	G.A. Karamysheva, S. Gurskiy, O. Karamyshev, N.A. Morozov, E.V. Samsonov, G. Shirkov, S.G. Shirkov, G.V. Trubnikov JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia Y.F. Bi, G. Chen, Y. Chen, K.Z. Ding, H. Feng, J. Li, Y. Song, Y.H. Xie, Q. Yang, J. Zheng ASIPP, Hefei, People's Republic of China D.V. Popov JINR/DLNP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
	Superconducting cyclotron SC200 will provide acceleration of protons up to 200 MeV with maximum beam current of 1 μA. We plan to manufacture in China two cyclotrons: one will operate in Hefei cyclotron medical center the other will replace Phasotron in Medico-technical Center JINR Dubna and will be used for cancer therapy by protons. Now we present results of simulation of magnetic, acceleratiion and extraction systems.
	Slides THC03 [2.798 MB]
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FRA01	Single Stage Cyclotron for an ADS Demonstrator	cyclotron, acceleration, proton, injection	387
	P. Mandrillon, M. Conjat AIMA, Nice, France
	In order to cope with the challenge of an industrial ADS driver demonstrator in the range of 3 to 4 MWatt nominal driving power, it is mandatory to propose an accelerator design able to address highly demanding criteria which are a challenge for high power accelerator designers: the number of beam trips per year and the mean down-time per beam interruption should be drastically reduced. Taking into account the outstanding performances of the PSI ring cyclotrons, it is clear that cyclotrons are competitive challengers to high power linacs. The preliminary design studies of the Single Stage Cyclotron Driver of the AIMA Company could be an attractive solution in terms of cost effectiveness, reliability and power efficiency. Some critical aspects of this design will be presented in this paper.
	Slides FRA01 [5.907 MB]
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Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

MOA02

Upgrade of the LNS Superconducting Cyclotron for Beam Power Higher than 2-5 kW

cyclotron, ion, vacuum, acceleration

7

L. Calabretta, A. Calanna, G. Cuttone, G. D'Agostino, D. Rifuggiato, A.D. Russo
INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy

The LNS Superconducting Cyclotron has been in operation for more than 20 years, delivering to users a considerable variety of ion species from H to Pb, with energy in the range 10 to 80 A MeV. Up to now the maximum beam power has been limited to 100 W due to the beam dissipation in the electrostatic deflectors. To fulfill the users request, aiming to study rare processes in Nuclear Physics, the beam power has been planned to be increased up to 2-10 kW for ions with mass lower than 40 a.m.u., to be extracted by stripping. This development will maintain the present performance of the machine, i.e. the existing extraction mode will be maintained for all the ion species allowed by the operating diagram. To achieve this goal, a significant refurbishing operation of the cyclotron is needed, including a new cryostat with new superconducting coils, a new extraction channel with a large vertical gap, additional penetrations to host new magnetic channels and new compensation bars. Moreover the vacuum in the acceleration chamber is planned to be improved by replacing the liners and the trim coils. A general description of the refurbishing project will be presented.

Slides MOA02 [11.857 MB]

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MODM01

Design Study of the 250 MeV Isochronous Superconducting Cyclotron Magnet

proton, cyclotron, magnet-design, acceleration

33

W. Chen, Z.K. Liang, X. Liu
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology,, Hubei, People's Republic of China
K. Fan, K.F. Liu, B. Qin
HUST, Wuhan, People's Republic of China

Superconducting cyclotron is an optimum choice to deliver high quality continuous wave (CW) proton beams for proton therapy with its compactness and power saving. Field isochronism and tune optimization are the two crucial factors of cyclotrons during the magnet design. This paper is concentrated on the superconducting magnet design, mainly including the spiral magnet, isochronous field and the tune optimization. The main parameters and some features of the machine will be presented.

Slides MODM01 [0.623 MB]

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MOP06

Physical Design of the Extraction Trim-Rods in a 230 MeV Superconducting Cyclotron

cyclotron, acceleration, proton, feedback

61

D.S. Zhang, M. Li, C. Wang, J.J. Yang, T.J. Zhang
CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Two electrostatic deflectors are used for beam extraction of the 230 MeV superconducting cyclotron CYCIAE-230, which is under development at CIAE. Resonance crossing and processional motion are introduced by a first harmonic bump of main field during the beam dynamics design to increase the turn separation and accordingly the extraction efficiency. Four trim-rods of variable depth are employed to generate the desirable field bump for their stability, the amplitude and azimuth of first harmonic bump can be adjusted with different size and depth of trim-rods. However, effect on isochronous field in acceleration region is followed by trim-rods in practice, therefore the base depth of trim-rods need to be designed and re-shimming procedure of main magnet model need to be implemented interactively. The effect of trim-rods and isochronous field production by a new model will be presented in this paper.

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MOP10

Numerical Orbit Tracking in 3D Through the Injector Cyclotron for Heavy Ions at iThemba LABS

cyclotron, acceleration, injection, emittance

71

J.G. De Villiers, J.I. Broodryk, J.L. Conradie, F. Nemulodi, R.W. Thomae
iThemba LABS, Somerset West, South Africa
J.J. Yang, T.J. Zhang
CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Funding: Jointly supported by the National Research Foundation of South Africa (No. 92793) and National Science Foundation of China (No. 11461141003).
The RF and magnetic fields of the injector cyclotron (SPC2) were modelled in 3D with finite element methods, using OPERA-3d, in an effort to determine the cause of the relative poor beam transmission through the machine in the 8-turn mode. Simulation of the particle motion in SPC2 was done using machine operational parameters for acceleration of 20Ne³⁺. The isochronous magnetic field is calculated from a complete cyclotron magnet model and the electrostatic field distribution from a dee electrode model, using TOSCA. The modelling of the high frequency resonance conditions of the resonators with SOPRANO-EV provided the relative variation of the electric field profiles in the acceleration gaps. A command line program was developed to combine the information of the three models and implement time-dependent control of the electrostatic fields during the particle tracking. In addition, based on calculated data from OPERA-3D, the parallel particle-in-cell code OPAL-CYCL was used to calculate a particle orbit for comparison with OPERA-3d. The models, methods and calculated results will be presented.

Poster MOP10 [2.178 MB]

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MOP14

Study of the Beam Extraction from Superconducting Cyclotron SC200

cyclotron, septum, proton, resonance

87

K.Z. Ding, Y.F. Bi, G. Chen, Y. Chen, Sh. Du, H. Feng, J. Ge, J. Li, Y. Song, Y.H. Xie, J. Zheng
ASIPP, Hefei, People's Republic of China
O. Karamyshev, G.A. Karamysheva, N.A. Morozov, E.V. Samsonov, G. Shirkov
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia

According to the agreement between the Institute of Plasma Physics (ASIPP) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Hefei, China, and Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), Dubna, Russia, the project of superconducting isochronous cyclotron for proton therapy SC200 is under development at JINR. The cyclotron will provide acceleration of protons up to 200 MeV with maximum beam current ~1 μA. Extraction system of the beam consists of electrostatic deflector and two passive magnetic channels. Electric field strength in deflector does not exceed 170 kV/cm, gradients of magnetic field in channels are in range 2-4 kG/cm.The first of the channels focusing the beam in horizontal plane is subdivided into four parts. Geometry and magnetic field of two and three bars sub channelsare described. Results of the beam tracking inside extraction system are presented. Efficiency of the beam extraction was estimated for different amplitudes of the betatron oscillations in accelerated beam.

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MOP19

A Diamond Detector Test Bench to Assess the S2C2 Beam Characteristics

detector, proton, emittance, timing

102

J. van de Walle, S. Henrotin, Y. Paradis, I.C. Tkint
IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium

The fast timing capabilities, compactness, high sensitivity and radiation hardness of diamond detectors make them ideally suited for measurements in the pulsed beam from the S2C2. In this communicaiton, we will present first results obtained on the S2C2 with such a diamond probe and the mechanical design of a dedicated test bench to be used for factory tests. The test bench is able to measure the beam direction, the intensity distribution in the beam, the emittance (with an emittance slit) and the exact moment when the beam is extracted from the S2C2. We are able to measure the frequency at which the protons are extracted from the S2C2 and to observe small (<100 keV) mean energy fluctuations in the extracted beam. All these measurements can be done with extreme low beam intensities so that activation of the S2C2 is highly reduced.

Poster MOP19 [1.320 MB]

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TUA01

Offline Tests with the NSCL Cyclotron Gas Stopper

ion, cyclotron, cryogenics, vacuum

121

S. Schwarz, K.R. Lund, D.J. Morrissey, J. Ottarson, C. Sumithrarachchi
NSCL, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
G. Bollen, S. Chouhan, J. DeKamp, M.A. Green, C. Magsig, A.C.C. Villari, A.F. Zeller
FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
G. Bollen
MSU, East Lansing, Michigan, USA

Funding: This work is supported by NSF under grants PHY-09-58726 and PHY-11-02511
Rare isotopes are produced at the NSCL by projectile fragmentation at energies of ~100 MeV/u. The NSCL has successfully used linear gas stopping cells for more than a decade to decelerate projectile fragments to the keV range; first for experiments at low-energy and more recently for reacceleration. A novel reverse-cyclotron has been constructed by the NSCL based on a superconducting sectored-cyclotron magnet and LN2-cooled He gas to confine and slow down the fragments. Efficient stopping is predicted even for light ions that are difficult to thermalize in linear gas cells. The thermalized ions are transported to the center by a radial RF-carpet system, extracted through the yoke with an ion conveyor and accelerated to <60 keV for delivery to users. Measured field profiles have confirmed field calculations. The cryogenic beam-stopping chamber has been installed inside the magnet. The RF ion-guiding components have been tested successfully offline and are being prepared for low-energy ion-transport tests inside the magnet. A summary of the expected performance, the status of the machine, and results from recent low-energy transport tests will be presented.

Slides TUA01 [3.816 MB]

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TUA03

New Time Structures Available at the HZB Cyclotron

cyclotron, proton, pick-up, ion

130

A. Denker, J. Bundesmann, T. Damerow, T. Fanselow, D. Hildebrand, U. Hiller, C. Rethfeldt, J. Röhrich
HZB, Berlin, Germany

While most of the beam time of the cyclotron is used for proton therapy of ocular melanomas, an increasing amount of beam time is used for experiments. In response to a growing demand on time structures a new pulse suppressor was developed. This was necessary as our cyclotron was originally designed for heavy ions, thus limiting us to repetition rates of 75 kHz for light ions. The pulse suppression is now accomplished completely on the low-energy side, making the pulse suppressor on the high energy side, which was needed for single pulses, superfluous. With this new pulse suppressor the repetition rate of the pulse may be varied from 2 MHz down to 1 Hz or less. The pulse length can be freely chosen from a quasi-continuous beam to single pulses with a pulse width less than 1 ns. The pulses are measured either with a specially developed Faraday cup or non-destructively with a pick-up. The extraction of single pulses surveys very precisely if single turn extraction is achieved. The set-up of the pulse suppressor, measurements on the time structures for various beams and examples of their experimental use will be presented.

Slides TUA03 [3.956 MB]

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TUA04

Recent Improvements in Beam Delivery with the TRIUMF's 500 MeV Cyclotron

target, cyclotron, TRIUMF, injection

133

I.V. Bylinskii, R.A. Baartman, K. Jayamanna, T. Planche, Y.-N. Rao
TRIUMF, Canada's National Laboratory for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Vancouver, Canada

TRIUMF's 500 MeV H⁻ Cyclotron, despite its 44 years age is under continuous development. Many aspects of beam delivery have been improved over the last few years. Regular 3-week cusp source filament exchange cycle has advanced to multi-months due to greatly improved filament life time. Fine source tuning allowed beam intensity rise in support of routine extraction of 300 uA of protons. The injection line model has been fully correlated with online measurements that enabled its tuning and matching to the emittance defining slits and the cyclotron entrance. Cyclotron routinely produces 3 simultaneous high intensity beams (~100 uA each). Multiple techniques have been developed to maintain extracted beams intensity stability within ± 1%. Record extraction foil life times in excess of 500 mA-hours have been demonstrated with highly-oriented pyrolytic graphite foil material and improvements in foil holder. Beam rastering on ISOL target allowed higher yields. A single user extraction at 100 MeV was achieved by applying phase slip and deceleration inside the cyclotron.

Slides TUA04 [2.911 MB]

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TUB04

Acceleration of Polarized Deuteron Beams with RIBF Cyclotrons

cyclotron, ion, acceleration, ion-source

145

N. Sakamoto, N. Fukunishi, M. Kase, K. Suda
RIKEN Nishina Center, Wako, Japan
K. Sekiguchi
Tohoku University, Graduate School of Science, Sendai, Japan

We have recently performed experiments with polarized deuteron beams at the Radioactive Isotope Beam Factory (RIBF). Tensor- and vector-polarized deuterons were produced using the RIKEN polarized ion source (PIS), which is an atomic-beam-type ion source equipped with an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ionizer, and were accelerated to 190 MeV/u, 250 MeV/u, and 300 MeV/u with a cyclotron cascade. To measure the various spin observables, the spin orientation of the deuteron beams was freely directed by using a Wien filter. The advantage of this method is that since the velocity of the deuteron is low the size of a magnet required for the spin rotation is very compact. On the other hand it is crucial to realize strict single-turn extraction for each cyclotron because the cyclotron magnetic field causes precession of the deuteron spin resulting in a deviation between its spin orientation and the beam propagation direction. This paper describes the acceleration of the polarized deuteron beams by the RIBF accelerators and the method to confirm single-turn extraction.

Slides TUB04 [13.581 MB]

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TUC03

Extraction by Stripping in the IFNS-LNS Superconducting Cyclotron: Study of the Extraction Trajectories

ion, cyclotron, simulation, quadrupole

160

G. D'Agostino, L. Calabretta, A. Calanna, D. Rifuggiato
INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy

The INFN-LNS Superconducting Cyclotron will be upgraded to allow for the extraction by stripping for ion beams with masses below 40 amu. By choosing properly the position of the stripper, it is possible to convoy the trajectories of the selected representative ion beams across a new extraction channel (E.C.). Here we report the design study for the new E.C. and the simulations of the beam envelopes for a set of ions to find out the parameters of the magnetic channels necessary to focus and to steer the beams through the new extraction line. Two new compensation bars have been designed to compensate the first harmonic contribution of the new magnetic channels. The results of these simulations will be also presented.

Slides TUC03 [2.909 MB]

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TUP03

Extraction System Design for the New IBA Cyclotron for PET Radioisotope Production

target, cyclotron, site, ion

167

W.J.G.M. Kleeven, E. Forton, E.K. Kral, B. Nactergal, V. Nuttens, S. Zaremba, J. van de Walle
IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium

At IBA, we have designed, constructed, tested and industrialized an innovative isochronous cyclotron for PET isotope production. The design has been optimized for costeffectiveness, compactness, ease of maintenance and high performances, with a particular emphasis on its application and market. Multiple target stations can be placed around the vacuum chamber. An innovative extraction method (patent applications pending) has been designed which allows to obtain the same extracted beam sizes and properties on the target window independent of the target number. This is achieved by proper design and shaping of the magnet poles. This magnetic design is discussed together with beam dynamics simulations and beam extraction tests on the first machine.

Poster TUP03 [1.246 MB]

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TUP04

Magnet Design of the New IBA Cyclotron for PET Radio-isotope Production

cyclotron, ion, magnet-design, proton

170

S. Zaremba, S. De Neuter, W.J.G.M. Kleeven, B. Nactergal, V. Nuttens, J. van de Walle
IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium

An innovative isochronous cyclotron for PET radioisotope production has been designed, constructed, tested and industrialized at Ion Beam Applications (IBA) [1]. This cyclotron (patent application pending) produces 18MeV proton beam and is called the Cyclone® KIUBE. The design has been optimized for cost-effectiveness, compactness, ease of maintenance and high performance, which are key elements considering its application in the dedicated market. Compared to the previous 18 MeV protons and 9 MeV deuteron machine from IBA, Cyclone® 18/9, the gap between the poles has been reduced from 30 to 24 mm and the method of shimming to obtain isochronous magnetic field has been reviewed thoroughly. In early 2016, the prototype Cyclone® KIUBE was successfully commissioned at the IBA factory and the observed proton beam intensity outperformed Cyclone® 18/9.

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TUP13

Magnetic Field Measurement System of CS-30 Cyclotron

cyclotron, ion, resonance, data-acquisition

196

F.M. Alrumayan, A. Algaith, A.M. Hendy, J.F. Schneider
King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
SA. AL-Ghamdi, H.A. Kassim
KSU, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Funding: This project was supported by the NSTIP strategic technologies program in the kingdom. – Award No. (14-MAT-1233-20).
The magnetic field of the CS-30 Cyclotron at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC) has been measured using Hall probe-based mapping system. Although the CS-30 Cyclotron was under full operation for 3 decades, yet, it was crucial to evaluate the stability of beam orbits, particularly after stripping the cyclotron coils and its three sectors. The rational for stripping magnetic component was to replace the pole tip seal underneath the frame. The Hall probe was mounted on a high precision X – Y stage, which was driven by three stepping motors, two motors for X – axis and one motor for Y – axis. The 3MH5 digital Teslameter is a high performance magnetic field measuring instrument, based on the Hall Effect magnetic field – to – voltage transducer. It has digital data correction to provide 0.01% accuracy and it provides the possibility of automatic data acquisition via USB port of our computer. Results have shown an average field of 1.8 T. Further results will be presented and discussed.

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TUP14

The Assembly and Adjustment of the Second Stripping Probe System for CYCIAE-100

controls, proton, cyclotron, PLC

199

Shizhong. An, L.C. Cao, X.L. Fu, Z.G. Li, G.S. Liu, Y.L. Lv, G.F. Pan, Y. Wang, L.P. Wen, J.S. Xing, T.J. Zhang, Y.W. Zhang
CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China

A 100 MeV H⁻ compact cyclotron is under construction at China Institute of Atomic Energy (CYCIAE-100). The proton beams ranging from 75 MeV - 100 MeV with 200 μA beam intensity will be extracted in dual opposite direction by charge exchange stripping devices. The stripping probe system is the key part of extraction system for CYCIAE-100. The first stripping extraction system was installed in 2014 and it has satisfied all kinds of requirements for the proton beam extraction. The first 100 MeV proton beam was got on July 4, 2014 and the beam current was stably maintained at above 25 μA for about 9 hours on July 25, 2014. The first RIB with ISOL system driven by 100 MeV proton beam was generated in 2015. The second stripping system was installed in 2015 after the assembly and adjustment. The beam commissioning based on the second stripping system will be finished and the extracted proton beam parameters will be measured in detail in this year.

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TUP27

The Design of the Medical Cyclotron RF Cavity

cavity, cyclotron, simulation, ion

227

X.W. Wang, F. Yong, R. Zhang
IMP/CAS, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China

In the cyclotron, RF system as an essential component provides energy for the ions is accelerated. However, the RF cavity is the most important equipment which produced the accelerating field. According to the physical requirements, RF cavity, the resonant frequency of that is 31.02 MHz, was designed in the paper.

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WEA01

Some Examples of Recent Progress of Beam-Dynamics Studies for Cyclotrons

cyclotron, space-charge, simulation, injection

244

W.J.G.M. Kleeven
IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium

Two subjects are highlighted. The first is the problem of high space charge effects in cyclotrons. The second is the the progress in development of tools and simulations for industrial and medical cyclotrons at IBA.

Slides WEA01 [2.060 MB]

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WEB04

A Coupled Cyclotron Solution for Carbon Ions Acceleration

cyclotron, ion, injection, acceleration

270

V.L. Smirnov, S.B. Vorozhtsov
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia

A concept of coupled cyclotrons for acceleration of carbon ions (charge 6+) to 400 MeV/nucleon by a separated sector cyclotron consisting of six sector magnets with superconducting coils is proposed. Injection to the machine will be provided by a compact 70 MeV/nucleon cyclotron. The accelerator complex is intended for setting up a radiation therapy facility employing carbon ions. The advantages of the dual cyclotron design are typical of cyclotron-based solutions. The first design studies of the sector magnet of the main cyclotron (magnetic field increases from 4.2 T to 6.5 T, RF frequency 73.56 MHz, RF mode 6) show that it is feasible with acceptable beam dynamics. The accelerator has a relatively compact size (outer diameter of 8 m) and can be an alternative to synchrotrons.

Slides WEB04 [1.849 MB]

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THA03

Development of FLNR JINR Heavy Ions Accelerator Complex (DRIBs III)

ion, cyclotron, heavy-ion, ion-source

278

B. Gikal, S.L. Bogomolov, S.N. Dmitriev, G.G. Gulbekyan, I.A. Ivanenko, I.V. Kalagin, N.Yu. Kazarinov, Y.T. Oganessian, N.F. Osipov, S.V. Pashchenko
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia

The cyclotrons of U-400, U-400M, and IC-100 are in operation in the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions for implementation of scientific program and applied research. Total operation time of these accelerators is about 15000 hours per year. One of the basic scientific programs in FLNR is the synthesis of new elements that demands intensive beams of heavy ions. Now U-400 is capable to provide long-term experiments on 48Ca beam with intensity of 1 pμA. The high-intensity DC-280 cyclotron has been developed in FLNR in order to increase the 48Ca beam intensity up to 10 pμA for this task. The cyclotron U-400 has been in operation since 1978. The U-400 modernization into U-400R is planned to start after finishing DC-280 project. At the U-400M cyclotron, we plan to increase the ion energy of the extracted beam, which now is limited by 55 MeV/nucleon. The IC-100 is used in the laboratory as a specialized machine for applied research on the heavy ion beams with energies of 1 - 1.2 MeV/nucleon.

Slides THA03 [25.206 MB]

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THB01

The S2C2: From Source to Extraction

proton, cyclotron, injection, resonance

285

J. van de Walle, M. Abs, E. Forton, S. Henrotin, Y. Jongen, W.J.G.M. Kleeven, P. Verbruggen
IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
M. Conjat, J. Mandrillon, P. Mandrillon
AIMA, Nice, France

Apart from being the first constructed superconducting accelerator, the S2C2 is also the first synchro-cyclotron at IBA. To study the beam dynamics, new computational tools had to be developed dealing with much larger number of turns, the longitudinal capture in the central region and the regenerative extraction. The S2C2 is a medical accelerator requiring a precise control of the beam characteristics so a deep understanding of beam dynamics is mandatory. Our simulation strategy allows to gain important insight in the acceleration process and beam characteristics: the beam emittance and energy spread, beam losses, effects of coil misalignments, median plane errors, resonances, etc. The simulation tools are split in three parts. At first, protons are tracked from the source up to about 3 MeV with the in-house tracking code AOC. In a second part, only the energy, RF phase and orbit centers are tracked as a function of time. Finally, a detailed tracking from 225 MeV up to extraction is performed with AOC. Simulations are compared to experimental observations during in-factory testing and commissioning of the first S2C2 installed in Nice, France.

Slides THB01 [2.574 MB]

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THP09

Mechanical Aspects of the LNS Superconducting Cyclotron Upgrade

ion, cyclotron, simulation, light-ion

322

G. Gallo, L. Allegra, G. Costa, E. Messina, E. Zappalà
INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy

The Superconducting Cyclotron (CS) is a three sectors compact accelerator with a wide operating diagram, capable of accelerating heavy ions with q/A from 0.1 to 0.5 up to energies from 2 to 100 MeV/u. The proposed upgrade to increase the light ion beam intensity by means of extraction by stripping implies many modifications of the median plane. The main activities of the mechanical upgrade are: the actuation of the new magnetic channels for the extraction by stripping and the realization of the two extraction modes, by stripping and by electrostatic deflection. For the magnetic channels and compensating iron bars, we are studying the problems of mechanical handling. To obtain the two extraction modes, we are trying to design a new set that allows for the exhange of two devices: electrostatic deflectors and and stripper with its magnetic channels for stripping extraction.

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THP10

Status and Upgrade of the Cryogenic Plant of the LNS Superconducting Cyclotron After 25 Years of Operation

cryogenics, cyclotron, vacuum, radiation

325

F. Noto, M. Cafici, A. Carbonaro, A. Di Stefano, A. Pagano, F. Speziale
INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy

The Superconducting Cyclotron (CS) is a compact ac-celerator with three sectors with a wide operating dia-gram, capable of accelerating heavy ions with values q/A from 0.1 to 0.5 up to energies from 10 to 80 MeV/u. An upgrade of the CS superconducting magnet is in progress to extend the capability of the machine to high intensity beam facilities. In this paper we describe the status of CS Cryostat and its Cryogenic Plant after 25 years of continuous opera-tions at 4.2 K with the exception of the stop of about one year for the tenth test and the stop for restoring of the liquefier and the main issues happened during that long time. We describe the last complex and demanding pro-cedure for the revamping of the He liquefier, its ancillary parts, other cryogenic parts of the CS, with special atten-tion about the Piping and Instrumentation, gas analysis, Heat Exchangers, LN2 transfer lines, Human-Machine Interface, vacuum system for thermal isolation, GHe re-covery system and the optimization for the consumption of electrical power. In conclusion we describe some hypothesis about the future upgrade of the Cryogenic system and the new Cry-ostat of the CS, in special way we analyse an approach to redefine the interconnection, piping boundary line and cryogenic diagnostic.

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THP11

Improvement of the NIRS-930 Cyclotron for Targeted Radionuclide Therapy

injection, cyclotron, operation, target

328

S. Hojo, K. Katagiri, M. Nakao, A. Noda, K. Noda, A. Sugiura, T. Wakui
NIRS, Chiba-shi, Japan

In recent years, the production of radionuclides for Targeted Radionuclide Therapy (TRT) with the NIRS-930 cyclotron has been one of the most important activities in National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS). In the production of 211At, for example, a target material with low melting point is irradiated with a high intensity beam. A vertical beam line have the advantage in irradiation with low-melting-point target. Therefore a vertical beam line has been modified for the production of radionuclides. This line was used for neutron source with beryllium target. The beam intensity and beam energy are important parameters for the effective production of radionuclide for TRT. In order to increase beam intensity, the acceleration phase and injection energy have been optimized by measuring beam phase. The beam energy has been measured by TOF and adjusted by tuning the acceleration frequency. Those studies and improvement are reported.

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THP15

Analysis of the Plasma Characteristics for Beam Current Optimization for TR-13 Cyclotron

plasma, ion, ion-source, power-supply

339

W.J. Jun, J.-S. Chai, M. Ghergherehchi, D.H. Ha, H.S. Kim, J.C. Lee, S.C. Mun, H. Namgoong, Y.H. Yeon
SKKU, Suwon, Republic of Korea

There is a TR-13 cyclotron that extracts energy of 13 MeV protons which is located in Sungkyunkwan University. The components of the whole cyclotron are so old that cannot reproduce the situation that had been operated generally. So the researchers in this laboratory were eager to improve the technical problems of the components and finally optimize the beam profile. The finally extracted beam current is critically depends on the initially extracted beam from the ion source injection system (ISIS). The ISIS is composed of several electrical instruments. The voltage or current which is applied to these components can affect the finally extracted beam profile. However, the original values for the input voltage or current is almost fixed to special values that had been written in the operation manual. It means that the bad condition of this cyclotron cannot be matched for these values which had been conducted in the best condition of the operation. So, by using the programmable logic controller (PLC), it is possible to use varying inputs in various conditions, and the beam current is able to be stabilized much better than applying the constant input values. Finally, this paper would show the tendency of the plasma generation in terms of modulating the applying input values which occurs inside the ion source chamber. It represents the plasma characteristics that critically influence the beam current.

Poster THP15 [2.407 MB]

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THP16

Beam Based Calibration Measurements at the PSI Cyclotron Facility

cyclotron, survey, proton, space-charge

342

C. Baumgarten
PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland

The PSI cyclotron facility is in operation since four decades. Even though the design details of the original machine are well documented, doubts may remain, if all changes of the most relevant devices during 40 years of operation are known with certainty. Furthermore some measurements like magnetic field mappings and central region alignment measurements can be done only during the construction and assembly phase either for mechanical reasons, due to limited shutdown or maintenance periods or because of the activation of components. Therefore it is important to develop methods that allow to check important parameters during beam operation without a disassembling of components. An effective method to test the consistency of the data is based on the combination of beam tracking simulations and beam based measurements. We present some beam based alignment and calibration measurements concerning collimator positions, Dee voltage distributions, turn patterns, beam energy and trim coil field profiles using measurements of radial probes, phase pickups and profile monitors.

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THP20

Magnetic System for SC200 Superconducting Cyclotron for Proton Therapy

cyclotron, proton, simulation, plasma

353

N.A. Morozov, O. Karamyshev, G.A. Karamysheva, E.V. Samsonov, G. Shirkov
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
Y.F. Bi, G. Chen, Y. Chen, K.Z. Ding, Sh. Du, H. Feng, J. Ge, J. Li, Y. Song, J. Zheng, J. Zhou
ASIPP, Hefei, People's Republic of China

The superconducting cyclotron SC200 for proton therapy is designing by ASIPP (Hefei, China) and JINR (Dubna, Russia) will be able to accelerate protons to the energy 200 MeV with the maximum beam current of 1 μA. A conceptual design study with 3D codes for the superconducting cyclotron magnet has been carried out during 2015-16 at ASIPP and JINR. The main design considerations are reviewed. The results obtained by numerical field computation for a suitable choice of design parameters are presented. Results of numerical calculations are the basis for technical design of SC200 cyclotron.

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THC03

Compact Superconducting Cyclotron SC200 for Proton Therapy

cyclotron, proton, simulation, acceleration

371

G.A. Karamysheva, S. Gurskiy, O. Karamyshev, N.A. Morozov, E.V. Samsonov, G. Shirkov, S.G. Shirkov, G.V. Trubnikov
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
Y.F. Bi, G. Chen, Y. Chen, K.Z. Ding, H. Feng, J. Li, Y. Song, Y.H. Xie, Q. Yang, J. Zheng
ASIPP, Hefei, People's Republic of China
D.V. Popov
JINR/DLNP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia

Superconducting cyclotron SC200 will provide acceleration of protons up to 200 MeV with maximum beam current of 1 μA. We plan to manufacture in China two cyclotrons: one will operate in Hefei cyclotron medical center the other will replace Phasotron in Medico-technical Center JINR Dubna and will be used for cancer therapy by protons. Now we present results of simulation of magnetic, acceleratiion and extraction systems.

Slides THC03 [2.798 MB]

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FRA01

Single Stage Cyclotron for an ADS Demonstrator

cyclotron, acceleration, proton, injection

387

P. Mandrillon, M. Conjat
AIMA, Nice, France

In order to cope with the challenge of an industrial ADS driver demonstrator in the range of 3 to 4 MWatt nominal driving power, it is mandatory to propose an accelerator design able to address highly demanding criteria which are a challenge for high power accelerator designers: the number of beam trips per year and the mean down-time per beam interruption should be drastically reduced. Taking into account the outstanding performances of the PSI ring cyclotrons, it is clear that cyclotrons are competitive challengers to high power linacs. The preliminary design studies of the Single Stage Cyclotron Driver of the AIMA Company could be an attractive solution in terms of cost effectiveness, reliability and power efficiency. Some critical aspects of this design will be presented in this paper.

Slides FRA01 [5.907 MB]

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