Cyclotrons2016 - List of Keywords (injection)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOP03	Developed Numerical Code Based on the Effects of Space Charge in Central Region of 10 MeV Cyclotron	space-charge, cyclotron, ion, ion-source	49
	M. Afkhami Karaei, H. Afarideh, S. Azizpourian, M. Mousavinia, R. Solhju, F. Taft AUT, Tehran, Iran J.-S. Chai, M. Ghergherehchi SKKU, Suwon, Republic of Korea
	To study of space charge effects in 10 MeV cyclotron of Amirkabir University of Technology the C++ code is developed. This cyclotron is designed to accelerate H⁻ up to 10MeV energy. The important components of cyclotron that effect on calculations of space charge include four sector magnets, 2 RF cavities with 71MHz frequency and internal PIG ion source. Equations of motion and effects of charged particles in electromagnetic field of accelerator are integrated in C++ code. The conventional method, 4-order Runge-Kutta, is used to solve the equations. The results of calculations show space charge effects of beam particles on each other in accelerating process.
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MOP10	Numerical Orbit Tracking in 3D Through the Injector Cyclotron for Heavy Ions at iThemba LABS	cyclotron, acceleration, extraction, emittance	71
	J.G. De Villiers, J.I. Broodryk, J.L. Conradie, F. Nemulodi, R.W. Thomae iThemba LABS, Somerset West, South Africa J.J. Yang, T.J. Zhang CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	Funding: Jointly supported by the National Research Foundation of South Africa (No. 92793) and National Science Foundation of China (No. 11461141003). The RF and magnetic fields of the injector cyclotron (SPC2) were modelled in 3D with finite element methods, using OPERA-3d, in an effort to determine the cause of the relative poor beam transmission through the machine in the 8-turn mode. Simulation of the particle motion in SPC2 was done using machine operational parameters for acceleration of 20Ne³⁺. The isochronous magnetic field is calculated from a complete cyclotron magnet model and the electrostatic field distribution from a dee electrode model, using TOSCA. The modelling of the high frequency resonance conditions of the resonators with SOPRANO-EV provided the relative variation of the electric field profiles in the acceleration gaps. A command line program was developed to combine the information of the three models and implement time-dependent control of the electrostatic fields during the particle tracking. In addition, based on calculated data from OPERA-3D, the parallel particle-in-cell code OPAL-CYCL was used to calculate a particle orbit for comparison with OPERA-3d. The models, methods and calculated results will be presented.
	Poster MOP10 [2.178 MB]
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TUA04	Recent Improvements in Beam Delivery with the TRIUMF's 500 MeV Cyclotron	target, cyclotron, TRIUMF, extraction	133
	I.V. Bylinskii, R.A. Baartman, K. Jayamanna, T. Planche, Y.-N. Rao TRIUMF, Canada's National Laboratory for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Vancouver, Canada
	TRIUMF's 500 MeV H⁻ Cyclotron, despite its 44 years age is under continuous development. Many aspects of beam delivery have been improved over the last few years. Regular 3-week cusp source filament exchange cycle has advanced to multi-months due to greatly improved filament life time. Fine source tuning allowed beam intensity rise in support of routine extraction of 300 uA of protons. The injection line model has been fully correlated with online measurements that enabled its tuning and matching to the emittance defining slits and the cyclotron entrance. Cyclotron routinely produces 3 simultaneous high intensity beams (~100 uA each). Multiple techniques have been developed to maintain extracted beams intensity stability within ± 1%. Record extraction foil life times in excess of 500 mA-hours have been demonstrated with highly-oriented pyrolytic graphite foil material and improvements in foil holder. Beam rastering on ISOL target allowed higher yields. A single user extraction at 100 MeV was achieved by applying phase slip and deceleration inside the cyclotron.
	Slides TUA04 [2.911 MB]
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TUB02	Updated Physics Design of the DAEδALUS and IsoDAR Coupled Cyclotrons for High Intensity H²⁺ Beam Production	cyclotron, ion, simulation, ion-source	137
	D. Winklehner MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
	The Decay-At-rest Experiment for delta_CP violation At a Laboratory for Underground Science (DAEδALUS)* and the Isotope Decay-At-Rest experiment (IsoDAR) are proposed experiments to search for CP violation in the neutrino sector, and 'sterile' neutrinos, respectively. In order to be decisive within 5 years, the neutrino flux and, consequently, the driver beam current (produced by chained cyclotrons) must be high. H²⁺ was chosen as primary beam ion in order to reduce the electrical current and thus space charge. This has the added advantage of allowing for stripping extraction at the exit of the DAEδALUS Superconducting Ring Cyclotron (DSRC). The primary beam current is higher than current cyclotrons have demonstrated which has led to a substantial R&D effort of our collaboration in the last years. I will present the results of this research, including tests of prototypes and highly realistic beam simulations, which led to the latest physics-based design. The presented results suggest that it is feasible, albeit challenging, to accelerate 5 mA of H²⁺ to 60 MeV/amu in a compact cyclotron and boost it to 800 MeV/amu in the DSRC with clean extraction in both cases. The DAEδALUS collaboration, arXiv:1307.2949, 2013 A. Bungau, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett., Bd. 109, Nr. 14, p. 141802, 2012 *J. Yang, et al., NIM-A 704 (11), 84-91 , 2013
	Slides TUB02 [3.248 MB]
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TUP11	Developments of Ion Sources, LEBT and Injection Systems for Cyclotrons at RCNP	cyclotron, ion, emittance, ion-source	190
	T. Yorita, M. Fukuda, S. Hara, K. Hatanaka, K. Kamakura, H.W. Koay, T. Kume, S. Morinobu, T. Saito, R. Yamanoshita, Y. Yasuda RCNP, Osaka, Japan
	Developments of injection systems for cyclotrons at Research Center for Nuclear Physics (RCNP) Osaka University have been carried recently in order to improve the high intense ions in MeV region. The additional glazer lens on axial injection of AVF cyclotron has been installed to expand the beam accectance of cyclotron. Additional buncher for the heavy ion injection like Xe beam which requires high voltage in comparison with proton case also has been installed. Extension of baffle slits on injection line of Ring Cyclotron also has been done to extend the flexibility of injection orbit. Modification of low energy beam transport (LEBT) from ion sources to AVF injection axis including the development of fast emittance monitors also has been carried. Each component works well.
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TUP26	Axial Injection Channel of IPHC Cyclotron TR24 and Possibility of Ion Beam Bunching	ion, cyclotron, bunching, simulation	224
	N.Yu. Kazarinov, I.A. Ivanenko JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia F.R. Osswald IPHC, Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
	The CYRCé cyclotron (CYclotron pour la ReCherche et l'Enseignement) is used at IPHC (Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien) for the production of radio-isotopes for diagnostics and medical treatments. The TR24 cyclotron produced and commercialized by ACSI (Canada) delivers a 16-25 MeV proton beam with intensity from few nA up to 500 microA. The bunching of the H⁻ ion beam by means of multi harmonic buncher is considered in this report. The buncher may be installed in the axial injection beam line of the cyclotron. The using of the greed-less multi harmonic buncher will give opportunity to new proton beam applications and to increase the accelerated beam current. The main parameters of the sinusoidal (one-harmonic) and multi harmonic bunchers are evaluated.
	Poster TUP26 [0.210 MB]
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TUD02	Studies and Upgrades on the C70 Cyclotron Arronax	cyclotron, operation, emittance, controls	235
	F. Poirier, F. Bulteau-harel, J.B. Etienne, S. Girault, X. Goiziou, F. Gomez, A. Herbert, C. Huet, L. Lamouric, E. Mace, D. Poyac, H. Trichet Cyclotron ARRONAX, Saint-Herblain, France S. Girault, F. Poirier CNRS - DR17, RENNES, France C. Huet EMN, Nantes, France E. Mace INSERM, Nantes, France
	Funding: This work has been supported in part by a grant from the French National Agency for Research called "Investissements d'Avenir", Equipex ArronaxPlus n°ANR-11-EQPX-0004. The multi-particle cyclotron C70 Arronax is fully running since 2010 and its RF run time has increased up to 4400 hours in 2015. The accelerator is used for a wide variety of experiments (physics cross-sections, radiolysis, radiobiology) and radio-isotope productions. This requires runs with 7 orders of intensity range from a few pA up to 350 μA and a large range of particles energy. Machine and beamline studies are continuously needed. For example magnet intensity scan inside the cyclotron and in the beamlines, respectively with compensation coils and the quadrupoles have been done. These scans caracterise performances of the machine and help both operations and mitigation of particle losses. Additionally beam loss monitors and control systems are being devised to support further the high intensity and precision requirements on the runs. Also a pulsed train alpha beam system located in the injection has been designed. The proof of principle with a dedicated run has been performed. The results of the machine studies and status of these developments are presented in this paper.
	Slides TUD02 [2.746 MB]
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WEA01	Some Examples of Recent Progress of Beam-Dynamics Studies for Cyclotrons	cyclotron, space-charge, simulation, extraction	244
	W.J.G.M. Kleeven IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
	Two subjects are highlighted. The first is the problem of high space charge effects in cyclotrons. The second is the the progress in development of tools and simulations for industrial and medical cyclotrons at IBA.
	Slides WEA01 [2.060 MB]
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WEA02	Simulation of the Beam Dynamics in the Axial Injection Beam Line of FLNR JINR DC280 Cyclotron	ion, cyclotron, ion-source, ECR	251
	N.Yu. Kazarinov, I.A. Ivanenko JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
	DC280 is novel cyclotron which is created at the FLNR JINR. It allows to accelerate the ions of elements from Helium to Uranium with the mass to charge ratio in the range of 4 to 7.5 providing ion currents up to 10 pμA. The simulation of ion beam dynamics in the high voltage axial injection beam line of DC280 cyclotron is presented. One part of the injection system is placed at the HV platform and other part is in the grounded yoke of the DC-280 magnet. The 3D electromagnetic field maps of the focusing solenoids, analyzing magnet, accelerating tube and spherical electrostatic deflector are used during this simulation. The calculated efficiency of ion beam transportation is equal to 100%
	Slides WEA02 [0.823 MB]
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WEB04	A Coupled Cyclotron Solution for Carbon Ions Acceleration	cyclotron, ion, extraction, acceleration	270
	V.L. Smirnov, S.B. Vorozhtsov JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
	A concept of coupled cyclotrons for acceleration of carbon ions (charge 6+) to 400 MeV/nucleon by a separated sector cyclotron consisting of six sector magnets with superconducting coils is proposed. Injection to the machine will be provided by a compact 70 MeV/nucleon cyclotron. The accelerator complex is intended for setting up a radiation therapy facility employing carbon ions. The advantages of the dual cyclotron design are typical of cyclotron-based solutions. The first design studies of the sector magnet of the main cyclotron (magnetic field increases from 4.2 T to 6.5 T, RF frequency 73.56 MHz, RF mode 6) show that it is feasible with acceptable beam dynamics. The accelerator has a relatively compact size (outer diameter of 8 m) and can be an alternative to synchrotrons.
	Slides WEB04 [1.849 MB]
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THB01	The S2C2: From Source to Extraction	proton, extraction, cyclotron, resonance	285
	J. van de Walle, M. Abs, E. Forton, S. Henrotin, Y. Jongen, W.J.G.M. Kleeven, P. Verbruggen IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium M. Conjat, J. Mandrillon, P. Mandrillon AIMA, Nice, France
	Apart from being the first constructed superconducting accelerator, the S2C2 is also the first synchro-cyclotron at IBA. To study the beam dynamics, new computational tools had to be developed dealing with much larger number of turns, the longitudinal capture in the central region and the regenerative extraction. The S2C2 is a medical accelerator requiring a precise control of the beam characteristics so a deep understanding of beam dynamics is mandatory. Our simulation strategy allows to gain important insight in the acceleration process and beam characteristics: the beam emittance and energy spread, beam losses, effects of coil misalignments, median plane errors, resonances, etc. The simulation tools are split in three parts. At first, protons are tracked from the source up to about 3 MeV with the in-house tracking code AOC. In a second part, only the energy, RF phase and orbit centers are tracked as a function of time. Finally, a detailed tracking from 225 MeV up to extraction is performed with AOC. Simulations are compared to experimental observations during in-factory testing and commissioning of the first S2C2 installed in Nice, France.
	Slides THB01 [2.574 MB]
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THP11	Improvement of the NIRS-930 Cyclotron for Targeted Radionuclide Therapy	cyclotron, operation, target, extraction	328
	S. Hojo, K. Katagiri, M. Nakao, A. Noda, K. Noda, A. Sugiura, T. Wakui NIRS, Chiba-shi, Japan
	In recent years, the production of radionuclides for Targeted Radionuclide Therapy (TRT) with the NIRS-930 cyclotron has been one of the most important activities in National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS). In the production of 211At, for example, a target material with low melting point is irradiated with a high intensity beam. A vertical beam line have the advantage in irradiation with low-melting-point target. Therefore a vertical beam line has been modified for the production of radionuclides. This line was used for neutron source with beryllium target. The beam intensity and beam energy are important parameters for the effective production of radionuclide for TRT. In order to increase beam intensity, the acceleration phase and injection energy have been optimized by measuring beam phase. The beam energy has been measured by TOF and adjusted by tuning the acceleration frequency. Those studies and improvement are reported.
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THP25	Status of the DC-280 Cyclotron Project	ion, cyclotron, vacuum, focusing	363
	I.V. Kalagin, S.L. Bogomolov, S.N. Dmitriev, B. Gikal, G.G. Gulbekyan, I.A. Ivanenko, G.N. Ivanov, N.Yu. Kazarinov, Y.T. Oganessian, N.F. Osipov JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
	The current status of the DC-280 cyclotron project is presented. The DC-280 will be the basic facility of the Super Heavy Element Factory which is being created at the FLNR JINR. The main parts of the DC-280 are already made. In according to FLNR plans the cyclotron has to be assembled and will be ready to the first run by the end of 2017.
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THD01	High Intensity and Other World Wide Developments in FFAG	proton, cyclotron, simulation, space-charge	374
	S.L. Sheehy JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom
	Here I present an overview of developments in Fixed Field Alternating Gradient accelerators, focusing on high intensity hadron accelerator designs. The talk will detail progress in studies of space charge effects and simulation, experimental characterisation of a 150 MeV proton FFAG at KURRI in Japan, experimental optimisation of FFAGs and novel FFAG developments for future applications.
	Slides THD01 [12.473 MB]
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FRA01	Single Stage Cyclotron for an ADS Demonstrator	cyclotron, extraction, acceleration, proton	387
	P. Mandrillon, M. Conjat AIMA, Nice, France
	In order to cope with the challenge of an industrial ADS driver demonstrator in the range of 3 to 4 MWatt nominal driving power, it is mandatory to propose an accelerator design able to address highly demanding criteria which are a challenge for high power accelerator designers: the number of beam trips per year and the mean down-time per beam interruption should be drastically reduced. Taking into account the outstanding performances of the PSI ring cyclotrons, it is clear that cyclotrons are competitive challengers to high power linacs. The preliminary design studies of the Single Stage Cyclotron Driver of the AIMA Company could be an attractive solution in terms of cost effectiveness, reliability and power efficiency. Some critical aspects of this design will be presented in this paper.
	Slides FRA01 [5.907 MB]
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Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

MOP03

Developed Numerical Code Based on the Effects of Space Charge in Central Region of 10 MeV Cyclotron

space-charge, cyclotron, ion, ion-source

49

M. Afkhami Karaei, H. Afarideh, S. Azizpourian, M. Mousavinia, R. Solhju, F. Taft
AUT, Tehran, Iran
J.-S. Chai, M. Ghergherehchi
SKKU, Suwon, Republic of Korea

To study of space charge effects in 10 MeV cyclotron of Amirkabir University of Technology the C++ code is developed. This cyclotron is designed to accelerate H⁻ up to 10MeV energy. The important components of cyclotron that effect on calculations of space charge include four sector magnets, 2 RF cavities with 71MHz frequency and internal PIG ion source. Equations of motion and effects of charged particles in electromagnetic field of accelerator are integrated in C++ code. The conventional method, 4-order Runge-Kutta, is used to solve the equations. The results of calculations show space charge effects of beam particles on each other in accelerating process.

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MOP10

Numerical Orbit Tracking in 3D Through the Injector Cyclotron for Heavy Ions at iThemba LABS

cyclotron, acceleration, extraction, emittance

71

J.G. De Villiers, J.I. Broodryk, J.L. Conradie, F. Nemulodi, R.W. Thomae
iThemba LABS, Somerset West, South Africa
J.J. Yang, T.J. Zhang
CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Funding: Jointly supported by the National Research Foundation of South Africa (No. 92793) and National Science Foundation of China (No. 11461141003).
The RF and magnetic fields of the injector cyclotron (SPC2) were modelled in 3D with finite element methods, using OPERA-3d, in an effort to determine the cause of the relative poor beam transmission through the machine in the 8-turn mode. Simulation of the particle motion in SPC2 was done using machine operational parameters for acceleration of 20Ne³⁺. The isochronous magnetic field is calculated from a complete cyclotron magnet model and the electrostatic field distribution from a dee electrode model, using TOSCA. The modelling of the high frequency resonance conditions of the resonators with SOPRANO-EV provided the relative variation of the electric field profiles in the acceleration gaps. A command line program was developed to combine the information of the three models and implement time-dependent control of the electrostatic fields during the particle tracking. In addition, based on calculated data from OPERA-3D, the parallel particle-in-cell code OPAL-CYCL was used to calculate a particle orbit for comparison with OPERA-3d. The models, methods and calculated results will be presented.

Poster MOP10 [2.178 MB]

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TUA04

Recent Improvements in Beam Delivery with the TRIUMF's 500 MeV Cyclotron

target, cyclotron, TRIUMF, extraction

133

I.V. Bylinskii, R.A. Baartman, K. Jayamanna, T. Planche, Y.-N. Rao
TRIUMF, Canada's National Laboratory for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Vancouver, Canada

TRIUMF's 500 MeV H⁻ Cyclotron, despite its 44 years age is under continuous development. Many aspects of beam delivery have been improved over the last few years. Regular 3-week cusp source filament exchange cycle has advanced to multi-months due to greatly improved filament life time. Fine source tuning allowed beam intensity rise in support of routine extraction of 300 uA of protons. The injection line model has been fully correlated with online measurements that enabled its tuning and matching to the emittance defining slits and the cyclotron entrance. Cyclotron routinely produces 3 simultaneous high intensity beams (~100 uA each). Multiple techniques have been developed to maintain extracted beams intensity stability within ± 1%. Record extraction foil life times in excess of 500 mA-hours have been demonstrated with highly-oriented pyrolytic graphite foil material and improvements in foil holder. Beam rastering on ISOL target allowed higher yields. A single user extraction at 100 MeV was achieved by applying phase slip and deceleration inside the cyclotron.

Slides TUA04 [2.911 MB]

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TUB02

Updated Physics Design of the DAEδALUS and IsoDAR Coupled Cyclotrons for High Intensity H²⁺ Beam Production

cyclotron, ion, simulation, ion-source

137

D. Winklehner
MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA

The Decay-At-rest Experiment for delta_CP violation At a Laboratory for Underground Science (DAEδALUS)* and the Isotope Decay-At-Rest experiment (IsoDAR)** are proposed experiments to search for CP violation in the neutrino sector, and 'sterile' neutrinos, respectively. In order to be decisive within 5 years, the neutrino flux and, consequently, the driver beam current (produced by chained cyclotrons) must be high. H²⁺ was chosen as primary beam ion in order to reduce the electrical current and thus space charge. This has the added advantage of allowing for stripping extraction at the exit of the DAEδALUS Superconducting Ring Cyclotron (DSRC). The primary beam current is higher than current cyclotrons have demonstrated which has led to a substantial R&D effort of our collaboration in the last years. I will present the results of this research, including tests of prototypes and highly realistic beam simulations***, which led to the latest physics-based design. The presented results suggest that it is feasible, albeit challenging, to accelerate 5 mA of H²⁺ to 60 MeV/amu in a compact cyclotron and boost it to 800 MeV/amu in the DSRC with clean extraction in both cases.
*The DAEδALUS collaboration, arXiv:1307.2949, 2013
**A. Bungau, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett., Bd. 109, Nr. 14, p. 141802, 2012
***J. Yang, et al., NIM-A 704 (11), 84-91 , 2013

Slides TUB02 [3.248 MB]

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TUP11

Developments of Ion Sources, LEBT and Injection Systems for Cyclotrons at RCNP

cyclotron, ion, emittance, ion-source

190

T. Yorita, M. Fukuda, S. Hara, K. Hatanaka, K. Kamakura, H.W. Koay, T. Kume, S. Morinobu, T. Saito, R. Yamanoshita, Y. Yasuda
RCNP, Osaka, Japan

Developments of injection systems for cyclotrons at Research Center for Nuclear Physics (RCNP) Osaka University have been carried recently in order to improve the high intense ions in MeV region. The additional glazer lens on axial injection of AVF cyclotron has been installed to expand the beam accectance of cyclotron. Additional buncher for the heavy ion injection like Xe beam which requires high voltage in comparison with proton case also has been installed. Extension of baffle slits on injection line of Ring Cyclotron also has been done to extend the flexibility of injection orbit. Modification of low energy beam transport (LEBT) from ion sources to AVF injection axis including the development of fast emittance monitors also has been carried. Each component works well.

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TUP26

Axial Injection Channel of IPHC Cyclotron TR24 and Possibility of Ion Beam Bunching

ion, cyclotron, bunching, simulation

224

N.Yu. Kazarinov, I.A. Ivanenko
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
F.R. Osswald
IPHC, Strasbourg Cedex 2, France

The CYRCé cyclotron (CYclotron pour la ReCherche et l'Enseignement) is used at IPHC (Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien) for the production of radio-isotopes for diagnostics and medical treatments. The TR24 cyclotron produced and commercialized by ACSI (Canada) delivers a 16-25 MeV proton beam with intensity from few nA up to 500 microA. The bunching of the H⁻ ion beam by means of multi harmonic buncher is considered in this report. The buncher may be installed in the axial injection beam line of the cyclotron. The using of the greed-less multi harmonic buncher will give opportunity to new proton beam applications and to increase the accelerated beam current. The main parameters of the sinusoidal (one-harmonic) and multi harmonic bunchers are evaluated.

Poster TUP26 [0.210 MB]

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TUD02

Studies and Upgrades on the C70 Cyclotron Arronax

cyclotron, operation, emittance, controls

235

F. Poirier, F. Bulteau-harel, J.B. Etienne, S. Girault, X. Goiziou, F. Gomez, A. Herbert, C. Huet, L. Lamouric, E. Mace, D. Poyac, H. Trichet
Cyclotron ARRONAX, Saint-Herblain, France
S. Girault, F. Poirier
CNRS - DR17, RENNES, France
C. Huet
EMN, Nantes, France
E. Mace
INSERM, Nantes, France

Funding: This work has been supported in part by a grant from the French National Agency for Research called "Investissements d'Avenir", Equipex ArronaxPlus n°ANR-11-EQPX-0004.
The multi-particle cyclotron C70 Arronax is fully running since 2010 and its RF run time has increased up to 4400 hours in 2015. The accelerator is used for a wide variety of experiments (physics cross-sections, radiolysis, radiobiology) and radio-isotope productions. This requires runs with 7 orders of intensity range from a few pA up to 350 μA and a large range of particles energy. Machine and beamline studies are continuously needed. For example magnet intensity scan inside the cyclotron and in the beamlines, respectively with compensation coils and the quadrupoles have been done. These scans caracterise performances of the machine and help both operations and mitigation of particle losses. Additionally beam loss monitors and control systems are being devised to support further the high intensity and precision requirements on the runs. Also a pulsed train alpha beam system located in the injection has been designed. The proof of principle with a dedicated run has been performed. The results of the machine studies and status of these developments are presented in this paper.

Slides TUD02 [2.746 MB]

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WEA01

Some Examples of Recent Progress of Beam-Dynamics Studies for Cyclotrons

cyclotron, space-charge, simulation, extraction

244

W.J.G.M. Kleeven
IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium

Two subjects are highlighted. The first is the problem of high space charge effects in cyclotrons. The second is the the progress in development of tools and simulations for industrial and medical cyclotrons at IBA.

Slides WEA01 [2.060 MB]

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WEA02

Simulation of the Beam Dynamics in the Axial Injection Beam Line of FLNR JINR DC280 Cyclotron

ion, cyclotron, ion-source, ECR

251

N.Yu. Kazarinov, I.A. Ivanenko
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia

DC280 is novel cyclotron which is created at the FLNR JINR. It allows to accelerate the ions of elements from Helium to Uranium with the mass to charge ratio in the range of 4 to 7.5 providing ion currents up to 10 pμA. The simulation of ion beam dynamics in the high voltage axial injection beam line of DC280 cyclotron is presented. One part of the injection system is placed at the HV platform and other part is in the grounded yoke of the DC-280 magnet. The 3D electromagnetic field maps of the focusing solenoids, analyzing magnet, accelerating tube and spherical electrostatic deflector are used during this simulation. The calculated efficiency of ion beam transportation is equal to 100%

Slides WEA02 [0.823 MB]

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WEB04

A Coupled Cyclotron Solution for Carbon Ions Acceleration

cyclotron, ion, extraction, acceleration

270

V.L. Smirnov, S.B. Vorozhtsov
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia

A concept of coupled cyclotrons for acceleration of carbon ions (charge 6+) to 400 MeV/nucleon by a separated sector cyclotron consisting of six sector magnets with superconducting coils is proposed. Injection to the machine will be provided by a compact 70 MeV/nucleon cyclotron. The accelerator complex is intended for setting up a radiation therapy facility employing carbon ions. The advantages of the dual cyclotron design are typical of cyclotron-based solutions. The first design studies of the sector magnet of the main cyclotron (magnetic field increases from 4.2 T to 6.5 T, RF frequency 73.56 MHz, RF mode 6) show that it is feasible with acceptable beam dynamics. The accelerator has a relatively compact size (outer diameter of 8 m) and can be an alternative to synchrotrons.

Slides WEB04 [1.849 MB]

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THB01

The S2C2: From Source to Extraction

proton, extraction, cyclotron, resonance

285

J. van de Walle, M. Abs, E. Forton, S. Henrotin, Y. Jongen, W.J.G.M. Kleeven, P. Verbruggen
IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
M. Conjat, J. Mandrillon, P. Mandrillon
AIMA, Nice, France

Apart from being the first constructed superconducting accelerator, the S2C2 is also the first synchro-cyclotron at IBA. To study the beam dynamics, new computational tools had to be developed dealing with much larger number of turns, the longitudinal capture in the central region and the regenerative extraction. The S2C2 is a medical accelerator requiring a precise control of the beam characteristics so a deep understanding of beam dynamics is mandatory. Our simulation strategy allows to gain important insight in the acceleration process and beam characteristics: the beam emittance and energy spread, beam losses, effects of coil misalignments, median plane errors, resonances, etc. The simulation tools are split in three parts. At first, protons are tracked from the source up to about 3 MeV with the in-house tracking code AOC. In a second part, only the energy, RF phase and orbit centers are tracked as a function of time. Finally, a detailed tracking from 225 MeV up to extraction is performed with AOC. Simulations are compared to experimental observations during in-factory testing and commissioning of the first S2C2 installed in Nice, France.

Slides THB01 [2.574 MB]

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THP11

Improvement of the NIRS-930 Cyclotron for Targeted Radionuclide Therapy

cyclotron, operation, target, extraction

328

S. Hojo, K. Katagiri, M. Nakao, A. Noda, K. Noda, A. Sugiura, T. Wakui
NIRS, Chiba-shi, Japan

In recent years, the production of radionuclides for Targeted Radionuclide Therapy (TRT) with the NIRS-930 cyclotron has been one of the most important activities in National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS). In the production of 211At, for example, a target material with low melting point is irradiated with a high intensity beam. A vertical beam line have the advantage in irradiation with low-melting-point target. Therefore a vertical beam line has been modified for the production of radionuclides. This line was used for neutron source with beryllium target. The beam intensity and beam energy are important parameters for the effective production of radionuclide for TRT. In order to increase beam intensity, the acceleration phase and injection energy have been optimized by measuring beam phase. The beam energy has been measured by TOF and adjusted by tuning the acceleration frequency. Those studies and improvement are reported.

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THP25

Status of the DC-280 Cyclotron Project

ion, cyclotron, vacuum, focusing

363

I.V. Kalagin, S.L. Bogomolov, S.N. Dmitriev, B. Gikal, G.G. Gulbekyan, I.A. Ivanenko, G.N. Ivanov, N.Yu. Kazarinov, Y.T. Oganessian, N.F. Osipov
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia

The current status of the DC-280 cyclotron project is presented. The DC-280 will be the basic facility of the Super Heavy Element Factory which is being created at the FLNR JINR. The main parts of the DC-280 are already made. In according to FLNR plans the cyclotron has to be assembled and will be ready to the first run by the end of 2017.

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THD01

High Intensity and Other World Wide Developments in FFAG

proton, cyclotron, simulation, space-charge

374

S.L. Sheehy
JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom

Here I present an overview of developments in Fixed Field Alternating Gradient accelerators, focusing on high intensity hadron accelerator designs. The talk will detail progress in studies of space charge effects and simulation, experimental characterisation of a 150 MeV proton FFAG at KURRI in Japan, experimental optimisation of FFAGs and novel FFAG developments for future applications.

Slides THD01 [12.473 MB]

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FRA01

Single Stage Cyclotron for an ADS Demonstrator

cyclotron, extraction, acceleration, proton

387

P. Mandrillon, M. Conjat
AIMA, Nice, France

In order to cope with the challenge of an industrial ADS driver demonstrator in the range of 3 to 4 MWatt nominal driving power, it is mandatory to propose an accelerator design able to address highly demanding criteria which are a challenge for high power accelerator designers: the number of beam trips per year and the mean down-time per beam interruption should be drastically reduced. Taking into account the outstanding performances of the PSI ring cyclotrons, it is clear that cyclotrons are competitive challengers to high power linacs. The preliminary design studies of the Single Stage Cyclotron Driver of the AIMA Company could be an attractive solution in terms of cost effectiveness, reliability and power efficiency. Some critical aspects of this design will be presented in this paper.

Slides FRA01 [5.907 MB]

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