Cyclotrons2016 - List of Keywords (emittance)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOD01	Design of the Energy Selection System for Proton Therapy Based on GEANT4	proton, simulation, cyclotron, scattering	30
	Z.K. Liang, W. Chen, X. Liu, J. Zha Huazhong University of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology,, Hubei, People's Republic of China K.F. Liu, B. Qin HUST, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
	Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) has planned to build a proton therapy facility based on an isochronous superconducting cyclotron. The 250 MeV/500 nA proton beam is extracted from a super-conducting cyclotron. To modulate beam energy, an en-ergy selection system is essential in the beam-line. The simulation based on Geant4 has been performed for the energy selection system and its result will be discussed in this paper. This paper introduces the variation rules of the beam parameters including the beam energy, beam emit-tance, energy spread and transmission. The degrader's gap and the twiss parameter are proven to be effective ways to reduce the emittance after degrader.
	Slides MOD01 [2.331 MB]
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MOP02	Physical Design of External Two-Stage Beam Chopping System on the TR 24 Cyclotron	cyclotron, neutron, simulation, ion	45
	J. Stursa, M. Cihak, M. Gotz, V. Zach NPI, Řež near Prague, Czech Republic
	We briefly introduce a new Cyclotron Laboratory of the Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences with the new cyclotron TR 24 which was commissioned in October 2015. One of the planned utilization of TR 24 beams is a generation of high-intense fast neutrons fluxes with potential implementation of a chopping system for spectrometric measurements of neutron energy by the Time-of-Flight method. For this purpose, physical design of a new ion-optical beam line was completed as well as comprehensive study of an external fast chopping system on this beam line. A set of home-made programs DtofDeflect have been developed for this system consisting of the first chopper powered by sinusoidal voltage and the second chopper powered by pulse voltage. The programs allow to find the optimum geometric and voltage parameters of the system by the means of mathematical simulations. The chopping system can provide the external 24 MeV proton beam with 2.3 ns pulse length at a repetition period of 236 ns in order to comply with the required pulse length to the repetition period ratio of 1:100.
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MOP10	Numerical Orbit Tracking in 3D Through the Injector Cyclotron for Heavy Ions at iThemba LABS	cyclotron, acceleration, extraction, injection	71
	J.G. De Villiers, J.I. Broodryk, J.L. Conradie, F. Nemulodi, R.W. Thomae iThemba LABS, Somerset West, South Africa J.J. Yang, T.J. Zhang CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	Funding: Jointly supported by the National Research Foundation of South Africa (No. 92793) and National Science Foundation of China (No. 11461141003). The RF and magnetic fields of the injector cyclotron (SPC2) were modelled in 3D with finite element methods, using OPERA-3d, in an effort to determine the cause of the relative poor beam transmission through the machine in the 8-turn mode. Simulation of the particle motion in SPC2 was done using machine operational parameters for acceleration of 20Ne³⁺. The isochronous magnetic field is calculated from a complete cyclotron magnet model and the electrostatic field distribution from a dee electrode model, using TOSCA. The modelling of the high frequency resonance conditions of the resonators with SOPRANO-EV provided the relative variation of the electric field profiles in the acceleration gaps. A command line program was developed to combine the information of the three models and implement time-dependent control of the electrostatic fields during the particle tracking. In addition, based on calculated data from OPERA-3D, the parallel particle-in-cell code OPAL-CYCL was used to calculate a particle orbit for comparison with OPERA-3d. The models, methods and calculated results will be presented.
	Poster MOP10 [2.178 MB]
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MOP12	Fast Scanning Beamline Design Applied to Proton Therapy System Based on Superconducting Cyclotrons	proton, cyclotron, dipole, radiation	79
	B. Qin, Q.S. Chen, K. Fan, M. Fan, K.F. Liu, P. Tan HUST, Wuhan, People's Republic of China W. Chen, Z.K. Liang, X. Liu, T. Yu Huazhong University of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology,, Hubei, People's Republic of China
	Funding: Work supported by The National Key Research and Development Pro-gram of China, with grant No. 2016YFC0105305 Proton therapy is recognized as one of the most effec-tive radiation therapy method for cancers. The super-conducting cyclotron becomes an optimum choice for delivering high quality CW proton beam with features including compactness, low power consuming and higher extraction efficiency. This paper introduces de-sign considerations of the beamline with fast scanning features for proton therapy system based on supercon-ducting cyclotrons. The beam optics, the energy selec-tion system (ESS) and the gantry beamline will be de-scribed.
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MOP19	A Diamond Detector Test Bench to Assess the S2C2 Beam Characteristics	detector, proton, extraction, timing	102
	J. van de Walle, S. Henrotin, Y. Paradis, I.C. Tkint IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
	The fast timing capabilities, compactness, high sensitivity and radiation hardness of diamond detectors make them ideally suited for measurements in the pulsed beam from the S2C2. In this communicaiton, we will present first results obtained on the S2C2 with such a diamond probe and the mechanical design of a dedicated test bench to be used for factory tests. The test bench is able to measure the beam direction, the intensity distribution in the beam, the emittance (with an emittance slit) and the exact moment when the beam is extracted from the S2C2. We are able to measure the frequency at which the protons are extracted from the S2C2 and to observe small (<100 keV) mean energy fluctuations in the extracted beam. All these measurements can be done with extreme low beam intensities so that activation of the S2C2 is highly reduced.
	Poster MOP19 [1.320 MB]
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TUP07	Commissioning and Testing of the First IBA S2C2	acceleration, timing, proton, cyclotron	178
	S. Henrotin, M. Abs, E. Forton, Y. Jongen, W.J.G.M. Kleeven, P. Verbruggen, J. van de Walle IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
	The first unit of the IBA superconducting synchrocyclotron (S2C2) has been installed in Nice, France, and is currently being commissioned. In this communication, we will present some issues encountered during the commissioning of our first synchrocyclotron for protontherapy. We will mainly focus on beam aspects, showing the influence of several machine parameters on beam properties like stability, energy and intensity.
	Poster TUP07 [1.403 MB]
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TUP11	Developments of Ion Sources, LEBT and Injection Systems for Cyclotrons at RCNP	injection, cyclotron, ion, ion-source	190
	T. Yorita, M. Fukuda, S. Hara, K. Hatanaka, K. Kamakura, H.W. Koay, T. Kume, S. Morinobu, T. Saito, R. Yamanoshita, Y. Yasuda RCNP, Osaka, Japan
	Developments of injection systems for cyclotrons at Research Center for Nuclear Physics (RCNP) Osaka University have been carried recently in order to improve the high intense ions in MeV region. The additional glazer lens on axial injection of AVF cyclotron has been installed to expand the beam accectance of cyclotron. Additional buncher for the heavy ion injection like Xe beam which requires high voltage in comparison with proton case also has been installed. Extension of baffle slits on injection line of Ring Cyclotron also has been done to extend the flexibility of injection orbit. Modification of low energy beam transport (LEBT) from ion sources to AVF injection axis including the development of fast emittance monitors also has been carried. Each component works well.
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TUD02	Studies and Upgrades on the C70 Cyclotron Arronax	cyclotron, operation, controls, injection	235
	F. Poirier, F. Bulteau-harel, J.B. Etienne, S. Girault, X. Goiziou, F. Gomez, A. Herbert, C. Huet, L. Lamouric, E. Mace, D. Poyac, H. Trichet Cyclotron ARRONAX, Saint-Herblain, France S. Girault, F. Poirier CNRS - DR17, RENNES, France C. Huet EMN, Nantes, France E. Mace INSERM, Nantes, France
	Funding: This work has been supported in part by a grant from the French National Agency for Research called "Investissements d'Avenir", Equipex ArronaxPlus n°ANR-11-EQPX-0004. The multi-particle cyclotron C70 Arronax is fully running since 2010 and its RF run time has increased up to 4400 hours in 2015. The accelerator is used for a wide variety of experiments (physics cross-sections, radiolysis, radiobiology) and radio-isotope productions. This requires runs with 7 orders of intensity range from a few pA up to 350 μA and a large range of particles energy. Machine and beamline studies are continuously needed. For example magnet intensity scan inside the cyclotron and in the beamlines, respectively with compensation coils and the quadrupoles have been done. These scans caracterise performances of the machine and help both operations and mitigation of particle losses. Additionally beam loss monitors and control systems are being devised to support further the high intensity and precision requirements on the runs. Also a pulsed train alpha beam system located in the injection has been designed. The proof of principle with a dedicated run has been performed. The results of the machine studies and status of these developments are presented in this paper.
	Slides TUD02 [2.746 MB]
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THP24	Design of a Beamline from CYRCé for Radiobiological Experiments	proton, cyclotron, quadrupole, dipole	359
	E. Bouquerel, T. Adams, G. Heitz, C. Maazouzi, C. Matthieu, F.R. Osswald, M. Pellicioli, M. Rousseau, C. Ruescas, J. Schuler, E.K. Traykov IPHC, Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
	Funding: The project is supported by the Contrat de Projet Etat-Région (CPER) Alsace Champagne-Ardenne Lorraine 2015-2020. The PRECy project (Platform for Radiobiological Experiments from CYRCé) foresees the use of a 16-25 MeV energy proton beam produced by the recently installed TR24 cyclotron at the Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC) of Strasbourg for biological tissues irradiation. The second exit port of the cyclotron will be used for this application along with a combination magnet. The platform will consist of up to 3 or 5 experimental stations linked to beamlines in a dedicated 15x13m area next to the cyclotron vault. One of the beamlines will receive proton beams of a few cm diameter at intensities up to 100 nA. The status of the design of the first beam line is presented. The characterization of the proton beam parameters has been performed using the quad scan method. TraceWin and COSY Infinity codes allowed simulating the beam envelopes and defining the electromagnetic equipment that will compose the beamline.
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Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

MOD01

Design of the Energy Selection System for Proton Therapy Based on GEANT4

proton, simulation, cyclotron, scattering

30

Z.K. Liang, W. Chen, X. Liu, J. Zha
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology,, Hubei, People's Republic of China
K.F. Liu, B. Qin
HUST, Wuhan, People's Republic of China

Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) has planned to build a proton therapy facility based on an isochronous superconducting cyclotron. The 250 MeV/500 nA proton beam is extracted from a super-conducting cyclotron. To modulate beam energy, an en-ergy selection system is essential in the beam-line. The simulation based on Geant4 has been performed for the energy selection system and its result will be discussed in this paper. This paper introduces the variation rules of the beam parameters including the beam energy, beam emit-tance, energy spread and transmission. The degrader's gap and the twiss parameter are proven to be effective ways to reduce the emittance after degrader.

Slides MOD01 [2.331 MB]

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MOP02

Physical Design of External Two-Stage Beam Chopping System on the TR 24 Cyclotron

cyclotron, neutron, simulation, ion

45

J. Stursa, M. Cihak, M. Gotz, V. Zach
NPI, Řež near Prague, Czech Republic

We briefly introduce a new Cyclotron Laboratory of the Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences with the new cyclotron TR 24 which was commissioned in October 2015. One of the planned utilization of TR 24 beams is a generation of high-intense fast neutrons fluxes with potential implementation of a chopping system for spectrometric measurements of neutron energy by the Time-of-Flight method. For this purpose, physical design of a new ion-optical beam line was completed as well as comprehensive study of an external fast chopping system on this beam line. A set of home-made programs DtofDeflect have been developed for this system consisting of the first chopper powered by sinusoidal voltage and the second chopper powered by pulse voltage. The programs allow to find the optimum geometric and voltage parameters of the system by the means of mathematical simulations. The chopping system can provide the external 24 MeV proton beam with 2.3 ns pulse length at a repetition period of 236 ns in order to comply with the required pulse length to the repetition period ratio of 1:100.

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MOP10

Numerical Orbit Tracking in 3D Through the Injector Cyclotron for Heavy Ions at iThemba LABS

cyclotron, acceleration, extraction, injection

71

J.G. De Villiers, J.I. Broodryk, J.L. Conradie, F. Nemulodi, R.W. Thomae
iThemba LABS, Somerset West, South Africa
J.J. Yang, T.J. Zhang
CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Funding: Jointly supported by the National Research Foundation of South Africa (No. 92793) and National Science Foundation of China (No. 11461141003).
The RF and magnetic fields of the injector cyclotron (SPC2) were modelled in 3D with finite element methods, using OPERA-3d, in an effort to determine the cause of the relative poor beam transmission through the machine in the 8-turn mode. Simulation of the particle motion in SPC2 was done using machine operational parameters for acceleration of 20Ne³⁺. The isochronous magnetic field is calculated from a complete cyclotron magnet model and the electrostatic field distribution from a dee electrode model, using TOSCA. The modelling of the high frequency resonance conditions of the resonators with SOPRANO-EV provided the relative variation of the electric field profiles in the acceleration gaps. A command line program was developed to combine the information of the three models and implement time-dependent control of the electrostatic fields during the particle tracking. In addition, based on calculated data from OPERA-3D, the parallel particle-in-cell code OPAL-CYCL was used to calculate a particle orbit for comparison with OPERA-3d. The models, methods and calculated results will be presented.

Poster MOP10 [2.178 MB]

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MOP12

Fast Scanning Beamline Design Applied to Proton Therapy System Based on Superconducting Cyclotrons

proton, cyclotron, dipole, radiation

79

B. Qin, Q.S. Chen, K. Fan, M. Fan, K.F. Liu, P. Tan
HUST, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
W. Chen, Z.K. Liang, X. Liu, T. Yu
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology,, Hubei, People's Republic of China

Funding: Work supported by The National Key Research and Development Pro-gram of China, with grant No. 2016YFC0105305
Proton therapy is recognized as one of the most effec-tive radiation therapy method for cancers. The super-conducting cyclotron becomes an optimum choice for delivering high quality CW proton beam with features including compactness, low power consuming and higher extraction efficiency. This paper introduces de-sign considerations of the beamline with fast scanning features for proton therapy system based on supercon-ducting cyclotrons. The beam optics, the energy selec-tion system (ESS) and the gantry beamline will be de-scribed.

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MOP19

A Diamond Detector Test Bench to Assess the S2C2 Beam Characteristics

detector, proton, extraction, timing

102

J. van de Walle, S. Henrotin, Y. Paradis, I.C. Tkint
IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium

The fast timing capabilities, compactness, high sensitivity and radiation hardness of diamond detectors make them ideally suited for measurements in the pulsed beam from the S2C2. In this communicaiton, we will present first results obtained on the S2C2 with such a diamond probe and the mechanical design of a dedicated test bench to be used for factory tests. The test bench is able to measure the beam direction, the intensity distribution in the beam, the emittance (with an emittance slit) and the exact moment when the beam is extracted from the S2C2. We are able to measure the frequency at which the protons are extracted from the S2C2 and to observe small (<100 keV) mean energy fluctuations in the extracted beam. All these measurements can be done with extreme low beam intensities so that activation of the S2C2 is highly reduced.

Poster MOP19 [1.320 MB]

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TUP07

Commissioning and Testing of the First IBA S2C2

acceleration, timing, proton, cyclotron

178

S. Henrotin, M. Abs, E. Forton, Y. Jongen, W.J.G.M. Kleeven, P. Verbruggen, J. van de Walle
IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium

The first unit of the IBA superconducting synchrocyclotron (S2C2) has been installed in Nice, France, and is currently being commissioned. In this communication, we will present some issues encountered during the commissioning of our first synchrocyclotron for protontherapy. We will mainly focus on beam aspects, showing the influence of several machine parameters on beam properties like stability, energy and intensity.

Poster TUP07 [1.403 MB]

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TUP11

Developments of Ion Sources, LEBT and Injection Systems for Cyclotrons at RCNP

injection, cyclotron, ion, ion-source

190

T. Yorita, M. Fukuda, S. Hara, K. Hatanaka, K. Kamakura, H.W. Koay, T. Kume, S. Morinobu, T. Saito, R. Yamanoshita, Y. Yasuda
RCNP, Osaka, Japan

Developments of injection systems for cyclotrons at Research Center for Nuclear Physics (RCNP) Osaka University have been carried recently in order to improve the high intense ions in MeV region. The additional glazer lens on axial injection of AVF cyclotron has been installed to expand the beam accectance of cyclotron. Additional buncher for the heavy ion injection like Xe beam which requires high voltage in comparison with proton case also has been installed. Extension of baffle slits on injection line of Ring Cyclotron also has been done to extend the flexibility of injection orbit. Modification of low energy beam transport (LEBT) from ion sources to AVF injection axis including the development of fast emittance monitors also has been carried. Each component works well.

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TUD02

Studies and Upgrades on the C70 Cyclotron Arronax

cyclotron, operation, controls, injection

235

F. Poirier, F. Bulteau-harel, J.B. Etienne, S. Girault, X. Goiziou, F. Gomez, A. Herbert, C. Huet, L. Lamouric, E. Mace, D. Poyac, H. Trichet
Cyclotron ARRONAX, Saint-Herblain, France
S. Girault, F. Poirier
CNRS - DR17, RENNES, France
C. Huet
EMN, Nantes, France
E. Mace
INSERM, Nantes, France

Funding: This work has been supported in part by a grant from the French National Agency for Research called "Investissements d'Avenir", Equipex ArronaxPlus n°ANR-11-EQPX-0004.
The multi-particle cyclotron C70 Arronax is fully running since 2010 and its RF run time has increased up to 4400 hours in 2015. The accelerator is used for a wide variety of experiments (physics cross-sections, radiolysis, radiobiology) and radio-isotope productions. This requires runs with 7 orders of intensity range from a few pA up to 350 μA and a large range of particles energy. Machine and beamline studies are continuously needed. For example magnet intensity scan inside the cyclotron and in the beamlines, respectively with compensation coils and the quadrupoles have been done. These scans caracterise performances of the machine and help both operations and mitigation of particle losses. Additionally beam loss monitors and control systems are being devised to support further the high intensity and precision requirements on the runs. Also a pulsed train alpha beam system located in the injection has been designed. The proof of principle with a dedicated run has been performed. The results of the machine studies and status of these developments are presented in this paper.

Slides TUD02 [2.746 MB]

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THP24

Design of a Beamline from CYRCé for Radiobiological Experiments

proton, cyclotron, quadrupole, dipole

359

E. Bouquerel, T. Adams, G. Heitz, C. Maazouzi, C. Matthieu, F.R. Osswald, M. Pellicioli, M. Rousseau, C. Ruescas, J. Schuler, E.K. Traykov
IPHC, Strasbourg Cedex 2, France

Funding: The project is supported by the Contrat de Projet Etat-Région (CPER) Alsace Champagne-Ardenne Lorraine 2015-2020.
The PRECy project (Platform for Radiobiological Experiments from CYRCé) foresees the use of a 16-25 MeV energy proton beam produced by the recently installed TR24 cyclotron at the Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC) of Strasbourg for biological tissues irradiation. The second exit port of the cyclotron will be used for this application along with a combination magnet. The platform will consist of up to 3 or 5 experimental stations linked to beamlines in a dedicated 15x13m area next to the cyclotron vault. One of the beamlines will receive proton beams of a few cm diameter at intensities up to 100 nA. The status of the design of the first beam line is presented. The characterization of the proton beam parameters has been performed using the quad scan method. TraceWin and COSY Infinity codes allowed simulating the beam envelopes and defining the electromagnetic equipment that will compose the beamline.

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