IPAC2022 - List of Keywords (lattice)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOPLXGD3	The Accelerator and Beam Physics of the Muon g-2 Experiment at Fermilab	storage-ring, experiment, positron, betatron	10
	D.A. Tarazona Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
	The physics case of the Muon g-2 Experiment at Fermilab is outstanding and has recently attracted significant attention from its first official results. Although its measurements involve high energy physics methods, such as counting positron production rates with the use of calorimeters and beam diagnostics with tracking detectors, this experiment is strongly bound to accelerator and beam physics. This paper reviews the principles of the experiment and the details necessary to provide a solid ground for the beam-dynamics uncertainties and the corrections of the systematic effects influencing the output of the experiment: a single numerical value, which may unveil new physics.
	Slides MOPLXGD3 [29.311 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPLXGD3
About •	Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 09 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 13 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 09 July 2022
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MOIYSP2	Touschek and Intrabeam Scattering in Ultralow Emittance Storage Rings	emittance, damping, scattering, wiggler	25
	R. Bartolini DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	In next-generation synchrotron radiation sources targeting extremely low emittance around the so-called diffraction limit, the Touschek and intrabeam scattering (IBS) effects are important factors determining the performance of the facility. As the emittance decreases, the bunch volume decreases and the Touschek beam lifetime also decreases. However, this downward trend in beam lifetime is expected to turn to increase in the emittance region below a certain threshold. Since this threshold is determined by the emittance at equilibrium including the IBS effect, a self-consistent treatment is necessary for a correct and unified understanding of the beam characteristics. In currently operating facilities, such as MAX-IV, or in next-generation light sources under construction or in the planning stages, it is expected that such effects may be observed depending on the operating conditions. This talk will be reviewing Touschek and IBS Effects in terms of how these effects limit the ring performance.
	Slides MOIYSP2 [5.466 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOIYSP2
About •	Received ※ 12 June 2022 — Revised ※ 21 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 23 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 27 June 2022
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MOPOST001	Performance of Automated Synchrotron Lattice Optimisation Using Genetic Algorithm	dipole, network, synchrotron, focusing	38
	X. Zhang, S.L. Sheehy The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia S.L. Sheehy ANSTO, Kirrawee DC New South Wales, Australia
	Funding: Work supported by Australian Government Research Training Program Scholarship Rapid advances in superconducting magnets and related accelerator technology opens many unexplored possibilities for future synchrotron designs. We present an efficient method to probe the feasible parameter space of synchrotron lattice configurations. Using this method, we can converge on a suite of optimal solutions with multiple optimisation objectives. It is a general method that can be adapted to other lattice design problems with different constraints or optimisation objectives. In this method, we tackle the lattice design problem using a multi-objective genetic algorithm. The problem is encoded by representing the components of each lattice as columns of a matrix. This new method is an improvement over the neural network based approach* in terms of computational resources. We evaluate the performance and limitations of this new method with benchmark results. *Conference Proceedings IPAC’21, 2021. DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB182
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOST001
About •	Received ※ 19 May 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 14 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 17 June 2022
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MOPOST017	Design and Beam Dynamics Study of Disk-Loaded Structure for Muon Linac	acceleration, emittance, linac, accelerating-gradient	94
	K. Sumi, T. Iijima, K. Inami, Y. Sue, M. Yotsuzuka Nagoya University, Graduate School of Science, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan H. Ego, T. Mibe, N. Saito, M. Yoshida KEK, Ibaraki, Japan T. Iijima KMI, Nagoya, AIchi Prefecture, Japan Y. Kondo, K. Moriya JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan Y. Nakazawa Ibaraki University, Hitachi, Ibaraki, Japan M. Otani J-PARC, KEK & JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan Y. Takeuchi Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan H.Y. Yasuda University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
	The disk-loaded structures (DLS) in the muon LINAC are under development for the J-PARC muon g-2/EDM experiment. Four DLSs with an accelerating gradient of 20 MV/m take charge of muon acceleration from 40 MeV to 212 MeV, which corresponds to 70% to 94% of the speed of light. The quasi-constant gradient type TM01-2pi/3 mode DLSs with gradually varying disk spacing was designed and confirmed that the cumulative phase slip due to the mismatch between muon and phase velocity can be suppressed to less than 2 degrees at the frequency of 2592 MHz. In addition, the optimum synchronous phase and the lattice were investigated to satisfy the requirements of the total emittance less than 1.5 pi mm mrad and the momentum spread less than 0.1% in RMS.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOST017
About •	Received ※ 19 May 2022 — Revised ※ 09 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 20 June 2022
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MOPOST027	The Zgoubidoo Python Framework for Ray-Tracing Simulations with Zgoubi: Applications to Fixed-Field Accelerators	closed-orbit, simulation, FFAG, focusing	118
	M. Vanwelde, E. Gnacadja, C. Hernalsteens, N. Pauly, E. Ramoisiaux, R. Tesse ULB, Bruxelles, Belgium C. Hernalsteens CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
	The study of beam dynamics in accelerators featuring main magnets with complex geometries such as Fixed Field Accelerators (FFAs) requires simulation codes allowing step-by-step particle tracking in complex magnetic fields, such as the Zgoubi ray-tracing code. To facilitate the use of Zgoubi and to allow readily processing the resulting tracking data, we developed a modern Python 3 interface, Zgoubidoo, using Zgoubi in the backend. In this work, the key features of Zgoubidoo are illustrated by detailing the main steps to obtain a non-scaling FFA accelerator from a scaling design. The results obtained are in excellent agreement with prior results, including the tune computation and orbit shifts. These results are enhanced by Zgoubidoo beam dynamics analysis and visualization tools, including the placement of lattice elements in a global coordinate system and the computation of linear step-by-step optics. The validation of Zgoubidoo on conventional scaling and non-scaling FFA designs paves the way for future uses in innovative FFA design studies.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOST027
About •	Received ※ 16 May 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 24 June 2022
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MOPOST028	Tune Control in Fixed Field Accelerators	focusing, multipole, controls, closed-orbit	122
	A.F. Steinberg, R.B. Appleby UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom S.L. Sheehy The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
	Fixed Field Alternating Gradient Accelerators have been proposed for a wide range of challenges, including rapid acceleration in a muon collider, and large energy acceptance beam transport for medical applications. A disadvantage of these proposals is the highly nonlinear field profile required to keep the tune energy-independent, known as the scaling condition. It has been shown computationally that approximately constant tunes can be achieved with the addition of nonlinear fields which do not follow this scaling law. However the impacts of these nonlinearities are not well understood. We present a new framework for adding nonlinearities to Fixed Field Accelerators, seeking a constant normalised focusing strength over the full energy range, and verify the results by simulation using Zgoubi. As a model use case, we investigate the degree of tune compensation that can be achieved in a Fixed Field Accelerator for ion cancer therapy.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOST028
About •	Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 09 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 02 July 2022
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MOPOST040	On a Framework to Analyze Single-Particle Non-Linear Beam Dynamics: Normal Form on a Critical Point	operation, framework, status, resonance	160
	M. Titze HZB, Berlin, Germany
	Funding: Work supported by German Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, Land Berlin, and grants of Helmholtz Association. Normal form analysis around a stable fixed point is a well-established tool in accelerator physics and has proven to be invaluable for an understanding of non-linear beam dynamics. In this work we present progress in developing a modular Python framework to analyze some of the non-linear aspects of a storage ring, by directly operating with the given Hamiltonians. Hereby we have implemented Birkhoff’s normal form and Magnus expansion. This leads to a flexible framework to perform calculations to high order and, moreover, to relax the constraint of stability to also include certain unstable fixed points in the analysis.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOST040
About •	Received ※ 31 May 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 14 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 25 June 2022
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MOPOST042	Using Dynamic Indicators for Probing Single-Particle Stability in Circular Accelerators	alignment, dynamic-aperture, software, simulation	168
	C.E. Montanari, A. Bazzani, G. Turchetti Bologna University, Bologna, Italy M. Giovannozzi, C.E. Montanari CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
	Computing the long-term behaviour of single-particle motion is a numerically intensive process, as it requires a large number of initial conditions to be tracked for a large number of turns to probe their stability. A possibility to reduce the computational resources required is to provide indicators that can efficiently detect chaotic motion, which are considered precursors to unbounded motion. These indicators could allow skilful selection of a set of initial conditions that could then be considered for long-term tracking. The chaotic nature of each orbit can be assessed by using fast-converging dynamic indicators, such as the Fast Lyapunov Indicator (FLI), the Reversibility Error Method (REM), and the Smallest and Global Alignment Index (SALI and GALI). These indicators are widely used in the field of Celestial Mechanics, but not so widespread in Accelerator Physics. They have been applied both to a modulated Hénon map, as a toy model, as well as to realistic lattices of the High-Luminosity LHC. In this paper, we discuss the results of detailed numerical studies, focusing on their performance in detecting chaotic motions.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOST042
About •	Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 02 July 2022
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MOPOST048	Efficient Representation of Realistic 3D Static Magnetic Fields for Symplectic Tracking and First Applications for Frequency Analysis and Dynamic Aperture Studies in ELENA	resonance, dynamic-aperture, electron, emittance	187
	L. Bojtár CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
	The algorithm called SIMPA has a new and unique approach to long-term 4D tracking of charged particles in arbitrary static electromagnetic fields. Field values given on the boundary of the region of interest are reproduced by an arrangement of hypothetical magnetic or electric point sources surrounding the boundary surface. The vector and scalar potentials are obtained by summing the contributions of each source. The second step of the method improves the evaluation speed of the potentials and their derivatives by orders of magnitude. This comprises covering the region of interest by overlapping spheres, then calculating the spherical harmonic expansion of the potentials on each sphere. During tracking, field values are evaluated by calculating the solid harmonics and their derivatives inside a sphere containing the particle. Frequency analysis and dynamic aperture studies in ELENA is presented. The effect of the end fields and the perturbation introduced by the magnetic system of the electron cooler on dynamic aperture is shown. The dynamic aperture calculated is the direct consequence of the geometry of the magnetic elements, no multipole errors have been added to the model.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOST048
About •	Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 15 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 01 July 2022
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MOPOST051	Study of Transverse Resonance Island Buckets at CESR	resonance, sextupole, simulation, damping	199
	S. Wang, V. Khachatryan Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
	Funding: Work supported by NSF PHYS-1416318 and DMR-1829070. A 6-GeV lattice with the horizontal tune near a 3rd-order resonance line at 3ν_x=2 is designed for studying the transverse resonance island buckets (TRIBs) at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring (CESR). The distribution of 76 sextupoles powered individually is optimized to maximize the dynamic aperture and achieve the desired amplitude-dependent tune shift α_xx and the resonant driving term h₃₀₀₀₀, which are necessary conditions to form stable island buckets. The particle tracking simulations are developed to check and confirm the formation of TRIBs at different tunes with clearing kicks in this TRIBs lattice. Finally, the lattice is loaded in CESR and the TRIBs are successfully observed when the horizontal fractional tune is adjusted to 0.665, close to the 3rd-order resonance line. Bunch-by-bunch feedback is also explored to clear the particles in the main bucket and the island buckets, respectively.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOST051
About •	Received ※ 20 May 2022 — Revised ※ 09 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 25 June 2022
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MOPOST053	Transverse Resonance Islands Buckets at SPEAR3	kicker, resonance, experiment, feedback	203
	J. Kim, J.A. Safranek, K. Tian SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
	We present populating bunches into the transverse resonance islands buckets (TRIBs) on SPEAR3. As one of operation modes for the timing-mode or providing separated bunches in transverse direction, we are exploring TRIBs on SPEAR3. Experience and analysis on applying kicks multiple times using the bunch-by-bunch feedback kicker to move bunches into the TRIBs is described.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOST053
About •	Received ※ 06 June 2022 — Revised ※ 09 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 03 July 2022
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MOPOST054	A Hybrid Multi-Bend Achromat Lattice Design for SSRL-X	emittance, storage-ring, wiggler, injection	207
	J. Kim, X. Huang, P. Raimondi, J.A. Safranek, M. Song, K. Tian SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
	We present a lattice design for SSRL-X which is a green-field low-emittance storage ring proposal. The lattice is based on the hybrid multi-bend achromat and has natural emittance of 63 pm with 24-cells periodicity and ~570 m circumference under 3.5 GeV energy. Modification on dedicated cells which lengthens straight sections but keeps the phase advance is explored to further reduce the natural emittance by inserting damping wigglers.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOST054
About •	Received ※ 06 June 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 09 July 2022
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MOPOST055	The EIC Rapid Cycling Synchrotron Dynamic Aperture Optimization	dynamic-aperture, electron, sextupole, resonance	210
	H. Lovelace III, C. Montag, V.H. Ranjbar BNL, Upton, New York, USA F. Lin ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
	With the design of the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC), a new Rapid Cycling Synchrotron (RCS) must be designed to accelerate the electron bunches from 400 MeV up to 18 GeV. An optimized dynamic aperture with preservation of polarization through the energy ramp was found. The codes DEPOL, MAD-X, and BMAD are used in modeling the dynamics and spin preservation. The results will be discussed in this paper.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOST055
About •	Received ※ 27 May 2022 — Revised ※ 10 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 08 July 2022
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MOPOPT023	Improved Emittance and Brightness for the MAX IV 3 GeV Storage Ring	emittance, injection, storage-ring, brightness	288
	M. Apollonio, Å. Andersson, M. Brosi, R. Lindvall, D.K. Olsson, M. Sjöström, R. Svärd, P.F. Tavares MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
	At MAX IV Laboratory, the Swedish Synchrotron Radiation (SR) facility, the largest of two rings operates at 3 GeV with a bare lattice emittance of 330 pm rad. Upgrade plans are under consideration aiming at a gradual reduction of the emittance, in three stages: a short-term with an emittance reduction of 20% to 40%, a mid-term with an emittance reduction of more than 50% and a long-term with an emittance in the range of the diffraction limit for hard X-rays (10 keV). In this paper we focus on the short-term case, resuming previous work on a proposed lattice that can reach 270 pm rad emittance, with only minor modifications to the gradients of the magnets of the present ring, i.e. without any hardware changes and all within the present power supply limits. Linear lattice characterisation and calculations of key performance parameters, such as dynamic aperture and momentum aperture with errors, are described and compared to the present operating lattice. Experimental tests of injection into this lattice are also shown.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOPT023
About •	Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 17 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 27 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 29 June 2022
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MOPOPT052	Beam-Based Alignment for LCLS-II CuS Linac-to-Undulator Quadrupoles	quadrupole, alignment, target, linac	377
	X. Huang, D.K. Bohler SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
	An advanced method for beam-based alignment that can simultaneously determine the quadrupole centers of multiple magnets has been applied to the LCLS-II CuS linac-to-undulator (LTU) section. The new method modulates the strengths of multiple quadrupoles and monitor the induced trajectory shift. Measurements are repeated with the beam trajectory through the quadrupoles steered with upstream correctors, from which the quadrupole centers can be obtained. Steering of the trajectory to minimize the induced trajectory shift is also done for finding the quadrupole centers.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOPT052
About •	Received ※ 27 May 2022 — Revised ※ 10 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 25 June 2022
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MOPOPT069	A Data-Driven Beam Trajectory Monitoring at the European XFEL	FEL, undulator, experiment, operation	418
	A. Sulc, R. Kammering, T. Wilksen DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	Funding: This work was supported by HamburgX grant LFF-HHX-03 to the Center for Data and Computing in Natural Sciences (CDCS) from the Hamburg Ministry of Science, Research, Equalities and Districts. Interpretation of data from beam position monitors is a crucial part of the reliable operation of European XFEL. The interpretation of beam positions is often handled by a physical model, which can be prone to modeling errors or can lead to the high complexity of the computational model. In this paper, we show two data-driven approaches that provide insights into the operation of the SASE beamlines at European XFEL. We handle the analysis as a data-driven problem, separate it from physical peculiarities and experiment with available data based only on our empirical evidence and the data.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOPT069
About •	Received ※ 06 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 20 June 2022
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MOPOTK002	Fast Orbit Response Matrix Measurement via Sine-Wave Excitation of Correctors at Sirius	optics, storage-ring, synchrotron, quadrupole	425
	M.M.S. Velloso, M.B. Alves, F.H. de Sá LNLS, Campinas, Brazil
	Sirius is the new 4th generation storage ring based synchrotron light source built and operated by the Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS). In this work, we report on the implementation at Sirius of a fast method for orbit response matrix (ORM) measurement which is based on sine-wave parallel excitation of orbit corrector magnets’ strength. This ‘‘AC method" has reduced the ORM measurement time from ∼ 25 minutes to 2.5-3 minutes and displayed increased precision if compared to the standard serial measurement procedure. When used as input to the Linear Optics from Closed Orbits (LOCO) correction algorithm, the AC ORM yielded similar optics corrections with less aggressive quadrupoles strength changes.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK002
About •	Received ※ 20 May 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 22 June 2022
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MOPOTK004	Status of the Soleil Upgrade Lattice Robustness Studies	injection, MMI, simulation, optics	433
	O.R. Blanco-García INFN/LNF, Frascati, Italy D. Amorim, A. Loulergue, L.S. Nadolski, R. Nagaoka SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette, France M.A. Deniaud JAI, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom
	The SOLEIL synchrotron has entered its Technical Design Report (TDR) phase for the upgrade of its storage ring to a fourth generation synchrotron light source. Verification of the equipment specifications (alignment, magnets, power supplies, BPMs), and the methodology for optics corrections are critical in order to ensure the feasibility of rapid commissioning restoring full performance for daily operations. The end-to-end simulation, from beam threading in the first turns to beam storage and stacking, should be handled with a comprehensive model close to the actual commissioning procedure, taking into account all practical steps. During 2021 and 2022, the CDR lattice has undergone significant modifications in response to additional constraints. In this paper, we present an update of the robustness studies for the TDR baseline lattice.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK004
About •	Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 05 July 2022
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MOPOTK006	Off-Energy Operation for the ESRF-EBS Storage Ring	optics, SRF, injection, sextupole	437
	L. Hoummi, T. Brochard, N. Carmignani, L.R. Carver, J. Chavanne, S.M. Liuzzo, T.P. Perron, R. Versteegen, S.M. White ESRF, Grenoble, France P. Raimondi SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
	The ESRF-EBS is the first 4th generation source making use of the Hybrid Multi-Bend Achromat (HMBA) lattice cell, reaching an equilibrium horizontal emittance of 140 pm.rad in user mode (insertion devices (ID) gaps open). The injection in the storage ring (SR) is conducted with a short booster, operated off-energy. The RF frequency is increased compared to the nominal one to put the beam on a dispersive orbit, thus going off-axis in quadrupoles. The induced dipolar feed down effects reduce the booster horizontal emittance. The same strategy is extended to the ESRF-EBS SR, for an expected emittance reduction of about 20 pm.rad. A first approach shifts the RF frequency by +300 Hz to operate at -1% energy offset. Optimal quadrupole and sextupole settings are defined for this off-energy operation based on simulations. The settings are then tested in the SR in terms of dynamic aperture and injection efficiency.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK006
About •	Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 10 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 05 July 2022
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MOPOTK007	Reverse Bend Option for a 6 GeV Storage Ring Lattice	emittance, injection, SRF, dynamic-aperture	441
	L. Hoummi, N. Carmignani, L.R. Carver, F. Cianciosi, S.M. Liuzzo, T.P. Perron, S.M. White ESRF, Grenoble, France
	Several high-energy synchrotron facilities adopted the Hybrid Multi-Bend Achromat scheme (HMBA) developed at and for the ESRF-EBS [LATTICE]. The considered lattice has been developed for a generic 6 GeV storage ring (SR) of 1100m circumference. It includes a short bending (SB) magnet at the center of the cell, and achieves a ∼ §I{70}{πco\metre\radian} equilibrium horizontal emittance. The optics of such SR are modified introducing reverse bending magnets to further reduce the natural horizontal emittance to §I{53}{πco\metre\radian}. The impact of such modification on dynamic aperture and lifetime is assessed and optimized.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK007
About •	Received ※ 20 May 2022 — Revised ※ 10 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 30 June 2022
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MOPOTK008	Options for a Light Upgrade of the ESRF Booster Synchrotron Lattice	booster, quadrupole, extraction, SRF	445
	T.P. Perron, N. Carmignani, L.R. Carver, L. Hoummi, S.M. Liuzzo, S.M. White ESRF, Grenoble, France P. Raimondi SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
	The EBS 6 GeV electron storage ring recently commissioned at ESRF, in Grenoble, France, is still operated using the old injector hardware. It is now one of the limiting factor of the facility. The large horizontal emittance of the booster beam affects injection efficiency, preventing from reaching 100% transfer efficiency between the 299.8 m long booster and the storage ring. Different lattice modifications going from minor optics changes to full machine renewal are considered . In this paper we will discuss different options of a "light" upgrade of the FODO lattice, keeping the RF system, vacuum chamber, power supplies, and most of the magnets. The upgrade then consists in creating a few new quadrupole families in the straight section vicinity and remove them from the main QF/QD families.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK008
About •	Received ※ 05 June 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 29 June 2022
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MOPOTK009	Basic Design Choices for the BESSY III MBA Lattice	emittance, dipole, sextupole, ECR	449
	B.C. Kuske, M. Abo-Bakr, P. Goslawski HZB, Berlin, Germany
	Funding: Work supported by German Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, Land Berlin, and grants of Helmholtz Association. Lattice development efforts for the 2.5GeV, low emittance successor of BESSY II, are ongoing at HZB for 2 years. The basic choice of a multi-bend achromat lattice is indispensable due to the emittance goal of 100pm, required to generate diffraction limited radiation up to 1keV. Hard boundary conditions for the design are a reasonably short circumference of ~350m due to the accessible construction properties in vicinity to Bessy II and 16 super-periods to not step behind the number of existing experimental stations. Additionally, the Pysikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt, the long-term partner of HZB, requests homogeneous dipoles as a calculable and traceable source of radiation for metrology applications. The configuration of the two building blocks of MBA lattices - unit cell and dispersion suppression cell - has been thoroughly studied from basic principles. It was found that gradient free bending dipoles are the better choice for the BESSY III lattice, opposite to the concepts of comparable projects. This work summarizes and explains the findings of our investigations.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK009
About •	Received ※ 21 May 2022 — Revised ※ 11 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 11 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 13 June 2022
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MOPOTK011	Generalisation and Longitudinal Extension of the Genetic Lattice Construction (GLC) Algorithm	simulation, quadrupole, beam-transport, space-charge	453
	S. Reimann, M. Droba, O. Meusel, H. Podlech IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany H. Podlech HFHF, Frankfurt am Main, Germany S. Reimann GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
	The GLC algorithm allows the construction of efficient transfer lines with defined imaging properties using a minimum number of quadrupole elements. This work describes a generalization of this algorithm to make it applicable to the use of arbitrary beam optical elements. This includes an extension to longitudinal phase space.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK011
About •	Received ※ 18 May 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 13 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 01 July 2022
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MOPOTK017	Update of Lattice Design of the SPring-8-II Storage Ring Towards 50 pmrad	emittance, injection, storage-ring, undulator	477
	K. Soutome JASRI/SPring-8, Hyogo-ken, Japan T. Hiraiwa, H. Tanaka RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Hyogo, Japan
	The storage ring lattice of SPring-8-II has been under optimization towards a low emittance of around 50 pmrad, which was initially set at 150 pmrad. The optimization concept is based on the effective use of extra-radiation damping from damping wigglers installed in the four long straight sections each 30 m long in length. For this purpose, we have been re-optimizing the linear and nonlinear optics so as to reduce the radiation loss from the bending magnets. In parallel, since the emittance variation due to the gap change of the IDs can be an obstacle for conducting precise experiments, we are investigating a new passive method to suppress the emittance variation without any feedback system. In the paper, we report on these details. SPring-8-II Conceptual Design Report (2014), http://rsc.riken.jp/pdf/SPring-8-II.pdf
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK017
About •	Received ※ 05 June 2022 — Revised ※ 15 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 27 June 2022
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MOPOTK024	Quasi-Frozen Spin Concept of Magneto-Optical Structure of NICA Adapted to Study the Electric Dipole Moment of the Deuteron and to Search for the Axion	storage-ring, dipole, proton, insertion	492
	Y. Senichev, A.E. Aksentyev, S.D. Kolokolchikov, A.A. Melnikov RAS/INR, Moscow, Russia A.E. Aksentyev MEPhI, Moscow, Russia V. Ladygin, E. Syresin JINR/VBLHEP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia N. Nikolaev Landau ITP, Chernogolovka, Russia
	Funding: We acknowledge a support by the joint Deutsche ForschungsGemeinschaft (DFG) and Russian Science Foundation (RSF) grant 22-42-04419 The "frozen spin" method is based on the fact that at a certain parameters of the ring, the particle spin rotates with the frequency of the momentum, creating conditions for the continuous growth of the electric dipole moment signal. Since a straightforward implementation of the frozen spin regime at NICA is not possible, we suggest an alternative quasi-frozen spin approach concept. In this new regime, the spin oscillates about particle orbit with the spin phase advance pigammaG/2, locally recovering the longitudinal orientation at the location of the electric-magnetic Wien filters in the straight sections. In the case of deuterons, thanks to the small magnetic anomaly G, the spin continuously oscillates relative to the direction of the momentum with a small amplitude of a few degrees and the expected EDM effect is reduced only by a few percent. In this paper, we study the spin-orbital motion with the aim of using the NICA collider to measure the EDM. We also comment on the potential of NICA as an axion antenna in both the quasi-frozen spin regime and beyond.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK024
About •	Received ※ 16 May 2022 — Revised ※ 11 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 12 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 01 July 2022
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MOPOTK029	Improved Low-Energy Optics Control for Transverse Emittance Preservation at the CERN Proton Synchrotron	emittance, optics, space-charge, quadrupole	507
	W. Van Goethem, F. Antoniou, F. Asvesta, H. Bartosik, A. Huschauer CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
	Preservation of the transverse emittances across the CERN accelerator chain is an important requirement for beams produced for the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). In the CERN Proton Synchrotron (PS), high brightness LHC-type beams are stored on a long flat bottom for up to 1.2 seconds. During this storage time, direct space charge effects may lead to resonance crossing and subsequent growth of the transverse emittances. Previous studies showed an important emittance increase when the PS working point is moved near integer tune values. Subsequent simulation studies confirmed that this observation is caused by an interplay of space charge effects and the optics beatings induced by the Low Energy Quadrupoles (LEQ). A new optics configuration using these quadrupoles to reduce the optics beating and the emittance growth was developed and experimentally validated. The results of simulation and experimental studies are presented in this contribution.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK029
About •	Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 17 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 25 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 10 July 2022
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MOPOTK032	An N-BPM Momentum Reconstruction for Linear Transverse Coupling Measurements in LHC and HL-LHC	coupling, optics, resonance, controls	519
	A. Wegscheider, R. Tomás García CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
	The measurement and control of linear transverse coupling is important for the operation of an accelerator. The calculation of the linear transverse coupling resonance driving terms (RDTs) ’1001 and ’1010 relies on the complex spectrum of the turn-by-turn motion. To obtain the complex signal, a reconstruction of the particle motion is needed. For this purpose, the signal of a second BPM with a suitable phase shift is usually used. In this work, we explore the possibility of including more BPMs in the reconstruction of the transverse momentum, which could reduce the effects of statistical errors and systematic uncertainties. This, in turn, could improve the precision and accuracy of the RDTs, which could be of great benefit for locations where an exact knowledge of the transverse coupling or other RDTs is important. We present the development of a new method to reconstruct the particle’s momentum that uses a statistical analysis of several nearby BPMs. The improved precision is demonstrated via simulations of LHC and HL-LHC lattices.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK032
About •	Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 23 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 23 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 27 June 2022
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MOPOTK035	Beam-Based Diagnostics of Electric Guide Fields and Lattice Parameters for Run-1 of the Muon g-2 Storage Ring at Fermilab	storage-ring, detector, experiment, dipole	531
	D.A. Tarazona, M. Berz, K. Makino MSU, East Lansing, Michigan, USA J.D. Crnkovic, M.J. Syphers Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA K.S. Khaw Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China J. Mott BUphy, Boston, Massachusetts, USA J. Price The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom M.J. Syphers Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, USA D.A. Tarazona Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA V. Tishchenko BNL, Upton, New York, USA
	Funding: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab) resources, a US DoE, Office of Science, HEP User Facility. Fermilab is managed by Fermi Research Alliance under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359. A portion of the Muon g-2 Storage Ring electric system, which provides vertical beam focusing, exhibited an unexpected time dependence that produced a characteristic evolution of the stored beam during Run-1 of the Muon g-2 Experiment at Fermilab (E989). A method to reconstruct the Run-1 electric guide fields has been developed, which is based on a numerical model of the muon storage ring and optimization algorithms supported by COSY INFINITY. This method takes beam profile measurements from the Muon g-2 straw tracking detectors as input, and it produces a full reconstruction of the time-dependent fields. The fields can then be used for the reproduction of detailed beam tracking simulations and the calculation of ring lattice parameters for acceptance studies and systematic error evaluations.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK035
About •	Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 23 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 25 June 2022
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MOPOTK036	Studies of the Vertical Excursion Fixed Field Alternating Gradient Accelerator	closed-orbit, quadrupole, optics, simulation	535
	M.E. Topp-Mugglestone, S.L. Sheehy JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom J.-B. Lagrange, S. Machida STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
	The Vertical Excursion Fixed Field Alternating Gradient Accelerator (VFFA) concept offers a number of advantages over existing accelerator archetypes, as discussed in previous works. However, the VFFA has nonplanar orbits by design and unavoidable transverse coupling. Hence, current understanding of the dynamics of this machine is limited; this paper presents some in-depth study of its behaviour using a combination of analytical and numerical techniques.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK036
About •	Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 15 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 20 June 2022
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MOPOTK037	Impact of Insertion Devices on Diamond-II Lattice	optics, insertion, insertion-device, emittance	539
	B. Singh, R.T. Fielder, H. Ghasem, J. Kallestrup, I.P.S. Martin, T. Olsson DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
	Funding: DLS ltd The DIAMOND-II lattice is based on the ESRF-EBS cell, with the centre dipole replaced by a (chromatic) mid-straight, and a -I transformer, higher order achromat (HOA) & dispersion bumps to control the nonlinear dynamics. The majority of insertion devices currently on operation in Diamond will be either retained or upgraded as part of the Diamond-II program, and the new mid straights allow the total number of ID beamlines to be increased from 28 to 36.Therefore, it is important to investigate how IDs will affect the emittance, energy spread and linear and nonlinear beam dynamics. The kickmap approach has been used to model all IDs, including APPLE-II and APPLE-II Knot with active shim wires. In this paper, the outcome of these investigations will be presented and discussed.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK037
About •	Received ※ 04 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 30 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 07 July 2022
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MOPOTK050	Linac Optics Optimization with Multi-Objective Optimization	linac, optics, quadrupole, controls	572
	I. Neththikumara, T. Satogata ODU, Norfolk, Virginia, USA R.M. Bodenstein, S.A. Bogacz, T. Satogata JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA A. Vandenhoeke ULB, Bruxelles, Belgium
	Funding: This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-06OR23177. The beamline design of recirculating linacs requires special attention to avoid beam instabilities due to RF wakefields. A proposed high-energy, multi-pass energy recovery demonstration at CEBAF uses a low beam current. Stronger focusing at lower energies is necessary to avoid beam breakup(BBU) instabilities, even with this small beam current. The CEBAF linac optics optimization balances over-focusing at higher energies and beta excursions at lower energies. Using proper mathematical expressions, linac optics optimization can be achieved with evolutionary algorithms. Here, we present the optimization process of North Linac optics using multi-objective optimization.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK050
About •	Received ※ 31 May 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 10 July 2022
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MOPOTK055	Designing Linear Lattices for Round Beam in Electron Storage Rings Using SLIM	resonance, coupling, emittance, quadrupole	592
	Y. Li, R.S. Rainer BNL, Upton, New York, USA
	Funding: This research used resources of the NSLS-II, a U.S. DOE Office of Science User Facility operated for the DOE Office ofScience by Brookhaven National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-SC0012704. For some synchrotron light source beamline applications, a round beam is preferable to a flat one. A conventional method of obtaining round beam in an electron storage ring is to shift its tune close to a linear difference resonance. The linearly coupled beam dynamics is analyzed with perturbation theories, which have certain limitations. In this paper, we adopt the Solution by LInear Matrices (SLIM) analysis to calculate exact beam sizes to design round beam lattices. The SLIM analysis can deal with a generally linearly coupled accelerator lattice. The effects of various coupling sources on beam emittances and sizes can be studied within a self-consistent frame. Both the on- and off-resonance schemes to obtain round beams are explained with examples. Commonly used radiator devices, such as planar wigglers and undulators, can be incorporated.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK055
About •	Received ※ 16 May 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 13 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 16 June 2022
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MOPOTK056	Data-Driven Chaos Indicator for Nonlinear Dynamics and Applications on Storage Ring Lattice Design	resonance, dynamic-aperture, storage-ring, linear-dynamics	596
	Y. Li, R.S. Rainer BNL, Upton, New York, USA Y. Jiao, J. Wan IHEP, People’s Republic of China A. Liu Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
	Funding: This research mainly used resources of the NSLS-II, a U.S. DOE Office of Science User Facility operated for the DOE Office of Science by Brookhaven National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-SC0012704. A data-driven chaos indicator concept is introduced to characterize the degree of chaos for nonlinear dynamical systems. The indicator is represented by the prediction accuracy of surrogate models established purely from data. It provides a metric for the predictability of nonlinear motions in a given system. When using the indicator to implement a tune-scan for a quadratic Henon map, the main resonances and their asymmetric stop-band widths can be identified. When applied to particle transportation in a storage ring, as particle motion becomes more chaotic, its surrogate model prediction accuracy decreases correspondingly. Therefore, the prediction accuracy, acting as a chaos indicator, can be used directly as the objective for nonlinear beam dynamics optimization. This method provides a different perspective on nonlinear beam dynamics and an efficient method for nonlinear lattice optimization. Applications in dynamic aperture optimization are demonstrated as real world examples.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK056
About •	Received ※ 16 May 2022 — Accepted ※ 12 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 03 July 2022
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MOPOMS034	Material Normal Energy Distribution for Field Emission Analyses From Monocrystalline Surfaces	electron, vacuum, framework, cathode	713
	J.I. Mann, Y. Li, J.B. Rosenzweig UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA T. Arias, J.K. Nangoi Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
	Funding: National Science Foundation Grant No. PHY-1549132 Electron field emission is a complicated phenomenon which is sensitive not only to the particular material under illumination but also to the specific crystalline orientation of the surface. Summarizing the ability for a crystal to emit in a particular direction would be of great use when searching for good field emitters. In this paper we propose a material normal energy distribution which describes the ability of the bound electrons to tunnel under an intense electric field. This framework breaks a computationally expensive 3-D system down to a source distribution representation applicable for more efficient 1-D models. We use the Fowler-Nordheim framework to study the yield and MTE (mean transverse energy) from sources including gold, copper, and tungsten in both monocrystalline and polycrystalline forms. We find an increase in effective work function for field emission in the (111) direction for gold and copper associated with the Bragg plane intersections of the Fermi surface.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOMS034
About •	Received ※ 20 May 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 12 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 06 July 2022
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MOOPLGD2	SPS-II: A 4th Generation Synchrotron Light Source in Southeast Asia	storage-ring, synchrotron, vacuum, photon	764
	P. Klysubun, S. Boonsuya, T. Chanwattana, S. Jummunt, N. Juntong, A. Kwankasem, T. Phimsen, P. Photongkam, S. Prawanta, T. Pulampong, K. Sittisard, S. Srichan, P. Sudmuang, P. Sunwong, O. Utke SLRI, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
	Upon its completion, Siam Photon Source II (SPS-II) will be the first 4th generation synchrotron light source in Southeast Asia. The 3.0 GeV, 327.5 m storage ring based on the Double-Triple Bend Achromat lattice will have the natural emittance of 0.97 nm·rad. The storage ring includes 14 long and 14 short straight sections for insertion devices and machine subsys-tems. The beam injection will be performed by a 150 MeV linear accelerator and a full-energy concentric booster synchrotron sharing the same tunnel with the storage ring. In the first phase, there will be 7 insertion devices and 7 associated beamlines with the end sta-tions for different techniques utilizing synchrotron radiation from 80 eV to 60 keV. High-energy and high-brightness radiation generated by the new light source will serve as one of the most powerful analytical tools in the region for advanced science and technology research.
	Slides MOOPLGD2 [4.168 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOOPLGD2
About •	Received ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 04 July 2022 — Issue date ※ 05 July 2022
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TUPOST029	Small Talk on AT	interface, factory, controls, software	918
	P. Schnizer, J. Bengtsson, W. Sulaiman Khail HZB, Berlin, Germany
	Tracy 3 ’ was implemented by the 3rd author by pursuing a first principles approach, aka Hamiltonian dynamics for an on-line modeel to guide the ALS and LBL comissioning in the early 1990s. with its origin as a Hamiltonian based pascal online model used 90 ’ is the core of today’s accelerator tool box. These Hamiltonians have not been changed. Soft- ware design has evolved since then: C++ and in particular its standardisation C++11 and C++2xa. In this paper we out- line our strategy of modernisation of tracy: reorganisation of the beam dynamics library in cleanly designed modules, using well proven open-source libraries (GSL, armadillo) and so on. Furthermore, Python and Matlab Interfaces based on modern tools are being pursued. We report on the in- terface design, the status of modernisation. This project has been renamed to thor-scsi-lib and is available at Github. Collaboration’s welcome.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOST029
About •	Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 28 June 2022
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TUPOST031	Online Optimization of the Transfer Line from UNILAC towards SIS18 at GSI Using a Genetic Autotune Algorithm	simulation, experiment, injection, controls	922
	S. Reimann GSI, Darmstadt, Germany S. Reimann IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
	Due to the complexity of GSI’s accelerator facilities and it’s upcoming expansion FAIR, various methods for optimizing accelerator settings are currently being studied to increase efficiency and to minimize the need for manual intervention. Besides a necessary improvement of the accelerator models, a better reproducibility of settings and the development of feedback systems, also heuristic methods are in the focus of the investigation. This work presents the results, recently achieved in optimizing the transfer line from UNILAC to SIS18 using the Autotune algorithm.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOST031
About •	Received ※ 18 May 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 14 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 17 June 2022
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TUPOST032	SLS 2.0, the Upgrade of the Swiss Light Source	emittance, storage-ring, injection, quadrupole	925
	A. Streun PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
	The Swiss Light Source (SLS) will be upgraded by replacing the storage ring in the existing hall in 2023–24. The SLS lattice build from 12~triple-bend arcs operating at 2.4 GeV is replaced by a 12x7-BA lattice operating at 2.7 GeV to increase hard X-ray brightness by a factor 60. The layout is constrained by the existing tunnel to 288 m circumference, nevertheless a low emittance of 158 pm is realized using longitudinal gradient and reverse bends. Dynamic aperture is sufficient to start with classical injection based on a 4-kicker bump. An upgrade path for on-axis injection with fast kickers has been implemented. Small beam pipes of 18 mm inner diameter and corresponding reduction of magnet bores, and the use of permanent magnets for all bending magnets enables a densely packed lattice and contributes most to a reduction of total power consumption of the facility by 30%. On behalf of the SLS 2.0 Team. Technical Design Report: https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/psi/islandora/object/psi%3A39635
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOST032
About •	Received ※ 16 May 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 29 June 2022
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TUPOPT039	Characterization of Diamond with Buried Boron-Doped Layer Developed for Q-Switching an X-Ray Optical Cavity	cavity, FEL, laser, ECR	1097
	R.A. Margraf, A. Halavanau, Z. Huang, J. Krzywiński, J.P. MacArthur, G. Marcus, M.L. Ng, A.R. Robert, R. Robles, T. Sato, D. Zhu SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA Z. Huang, F. Ke, R. Robles, Y. Zhong Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA S.-K. Mo, Y. Zhong LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA P. Pradhan ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA A.R. Robert MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Lund, Sweden M.D. Ynsa UAM, Madrid, Spain
	Funding: This work was supported by the Department of Energy, Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, under contract DE-AC02-76SF00515. X-ray Free-Electron Laser Oscillators (XFELOs) and X-ray Regenerative Amplifier FELs (XRAFELs) are currently in development to improve longitudinal coherence and spectral brightness of XFELs. These schemes lase an electron beam in an undulator within an optical cavity to produce X-rays. X-rays circulate in the cavity and interact with fresh electron bunches to seed the FEL process over multiple passes, producing progressively brighter and more spectrally pure X-rays. Typically, the optical cavities used are composed of Bragg-reflecting mirrors to provide high reflectivity and spectral filtering. This high reflectivity necessitates special techniques to out-couple X-rays from the cavity to deliver them to users. One method involves "Q-switching" the cavity by actively modifying the reflectivity of one Bragg-reflecting crystal. To control the crystal lattice constant and thus reflectivity, we use an infrared laser to heat a buried boron layer in a diamond crystal. Here, we build on earlier work in Krzywinski et al.* and present the current status of our Q-switching diamond, including implantation with 9 MeV boron ions, annealing, characterization and early tests. *Krzywinski et al., "Q-switching of X-Ray Optical Cavities by using Boron Doped Buried Layer under a Surface of a Diamond Crystal," Proceedings of FEL2019, Hamburg, Germany, TUP033, 2019.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOPT039
About •	Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 15 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 08 July 2022
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TUPOPT064	Online Optimization of NSLS-II Dynamic Aperture and Injection Transient	injection, kicker, timing, sextupole	1159
	X. Yang, B. Bacha, S. Buda, C. Danneil, A.A. Derbenev, D.J. Durfee, K. Ha, Y. Hidaka, Y. Hu, Y. Li, D. Padrazo Jr, F. Plassard, T.V. Shaftan, V.V. Smaluk, Y. Tian, G.M. Wang, L.H. Yu BNL, Upton, New York, USA
	The goal of the NSLS-II online optimization project is to improve the beam quality for the user experiments. To increase the beam lifetime and injection efficiency, we have developed a model-independent online optimization of nonlinear beam dynamics using advanced algorithms, such as Robust Conjugate-Gradient Algorithm (RCDS). The optimization objective is the injection efficiency and optimization variables are the sextupole magnet strengths. Using the online optimization technique, we increased the NSLS-II dynamic aperture and reduced the amplitude-dependent tune shift. Recently, the sextupole optimization was successfully applied to double the injection efficiency up to above 90% for the high-chromaticity lattice being developed to improve the beam stability and to in-crease the single-bunch beam intensity. Minimizing the beam perturbation during injection is the second objective in this project, realized by online optimization of the injection kickers. To optimize the full set of kicker parameters, including the trigger timing, amplitude, and pulse width, we upgraded all kicker power supplies with the capability of tunable waveform width. As a result, we have reduced the injection transient by a factor of 29, down to the limit of 60 um.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOPT064
About •	Received ※ 18 May 2022 — Revised ※ 11 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 12 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 16 June 2022
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TUPOMS001	Conceptual Design of a Future Australian Light Source	synchrotron, storage-ring, emittance, operation	1381
	R.T. Dowd, M.P. Atkinson, R. Auchettl, W.J. Chi, Y.E. Tan, D. Zhu, K. Zingre AS - ANSTO, Clayton, Australia
	ANSTO currently operates the Australian Synchrotron, a 3 GeV, 3rd generation light source that begun user operations in 2007. The Australian synchrotron is now halfway through its expected life span and we have begun planning the next light source facility that will eventually replace it. This paper describes the conceptual design of an entirely new light source facility for Australia, which makes use of the latest advances in compact acceleration technology and 4th generation lattices.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOMS001
About •	Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 26 June 2022
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TUPOMS004	TDR Baseline Lattice for the Upgrade of SOLEIL	emittance, injection, synchrotron, coupling	1393
	A. Loulergue, D. Amorim, O.R. Blanco-García, P. Brunelle, W. Foosang, A. Gamelin, A. Nadji, L.S. Nadolski, R. Nagaoka, R. Ollier, M.-A. Tordeux SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
	Previous CDR studies for the SOLEIL Upgrade project have converged towards a lattice alternating 7BA and 4BA HOA type cells providing a low natural horizontal emittance value in the 80 pm.rad range at an energy of 2.75 GeV. This lattice adapts to the current tunnel geometry as well as to preserve as much as possible the present beamline positions. The TDR lattice is an evolution of the CDR one including longer short straight sections, better relative magnet positioning, and the replacement quadrupole triplets by quadruplets for improving flexibility of optics matching in straight section. The SOLEIL upgrade TDR lattice is then composed of 20 HOA cells with a two-fold symmetry, and provides 20 straight sections having four different lengths of 3.0, 4.2, 8.0, and 8.2 m. This paper reports the linear and the non-linear beam dynamic optimization based on intense MOGA investigations, mainly to improve the energy acceptance required to keep a large enough Touschek beam lifetime. Some future directions for performance improvement are discussed.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOMS004
About •	Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 10 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 23 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 30 June 2022
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TUPOMS005	SOLEIL Machine Status and Upgrade	injection, photon, synchrotron, vacuum	1397
	L.S. Nadolski, G. Abeillé, Y.-M. Abiven, F. Bouvet, P. Brunelle, N. Béchu, M.-E. Couprie, X. Delétoille, S. Duigou, A. Gamelin, C. Herbeaux, N. Hubert, M. Labat, J.-F. Lamarre, V. Le Roux, A. Lestrade, A. Loulergue, O. Marcouillé, F. Marteau, A. Nadji, R. Nagaoka, M. Nouna, Y. Rahier, F. Ribeiro, G. Schaguene, K. Tavakoli, M.-A. Tordeux SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette, France S. Ducourtieux LNE, Trappes Cedex, France
	SOLEIL is both a 2.75 GeV third generation synchrotron light source and a research laboratory at the forefront of experimental techniques dedicated to matter analysis down to the atomic scale, as well as a service platform open to all scientific and industrial communities. We present the performance of the accelerators delivering extremely stable photon beams to 29 beamlines. We report on the commissioning of a superbend magnet replacing a standard 1.71T dipole with a 2.84 T narrow peak permanent magnet-based dipole. It required local modification of the lattice to compensate linear and nonlinear optics distortions introduced by the new magnet field. The latest measurements made with a Multipole Injection Kicker are also reported. Work on the NEG test bench and its dedicated front-end for a 10 mm inner diameter vacuum pipe and other major R&D areas are also addressed in the frame of the SOLEIL upgrade.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOMS005
About •	Received ※ 10 June 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 30 June 2022
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TUPOMS006	FILO: A New Application to Correct Optics in the ESRF-EBS Storage Ring	optics, SRF, quadrupole, operation	1401
	S.M. Liuzzo, N. Carmignani, L.R. Carver, L. Farvacque, L. Hoummi, T.P. Perron, B. Roche, B. Vedder, S.M. White ESRF, Grenoble, France
	A new optics correction application (Fit and Improvement of Linear Optics, FILO) was designed and set in place for the ESRF-EBS storage ring. The widely used software LOCO* is not available at ESRF and despite a few trials to set it in operation, it has been decided to write a new code. The application is flexible, may be used via the control system simulators and is adapted to a user friendly operation thanks to a wizard mode. Some features of LOCO are copied over, some others are yet to be implemented. The measurement of on and off-energy response matrices using slow or fast steerers is integrated in the same application. Results obtained with this application are presented together with an overview of the future developments. *J Safranek, Experimental determination of storage ring optics using orbit response measurements, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9002(97)00309-4
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOMS006
About •	Received ※ 19 May 2022 — Revised ※ 10 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 14 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 15 June 2022
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TUPOMS007	A Long Booster Option for the ESRF-EBS 6 GeV Storage Ring	booster, SRF, injection, storage-ring	1405
	S.M. Liuzzo, N. Carmignani, L.R. Carver, L. Hoummi, T.P. Perron, S.M. White ESRF, Grenoble, France
	Despite the several fruitful upgrades undergone, the present injector complex of the ESRF-EBS has a rather large horizontal natural emittance at extraction of >60nmrad. Several light sources (SLS, ALBA, SIRIUS) have adopted booster injectors fitting in the same tunnel as the main SR. The study of such an injector is shown in this paper for the ESRF-EBS. The proposed solution is based on a DBA lattice structure with 5 quadrupole families and 2 sextupole families. The possibility to install this long booster on the internal wall of the ESRF storage ring tunnel is assessed and the adequate distances are analyzed. The possibility to keep the existing injector is also considered in order to use this additional ring as an accumulator ring. Injection and extraction schemes are described.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOMS007
About •	Received ※ 19 May 2022 — Revised ※ 09 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 14 June 2022
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TUPOMS008	Lifetime Correction Using Fast-Off-Energy Response Matrix Measurements	sextupole, simulation, optics, operation	1409
	S.M. Liuzzo, N. Carmignani, L.R. Carver, L. Hoummi, T.P. Perron, B. Roche, S.M. White ESRF, Grenoble, France
	Following the measurements done at MAX-IV * we try to exploit for the ESRF-EBS Storage Ring (SR) off-energy response matrix measurement for the optimization of Touschek lifetime. The measurements performed with fast AC steerers on- and off-energy are analyzed and fitted producing an effective model including quadrupole and sextupole errors. Several alternatives to extrapolate sextupoles strengths for correction are compared in terms of lifetime. For the time being none of the corrections could produce better lifetime than the existing empirically optimized set of sextupoles. *D.Olsson et al., Nonlinear optics from off-energy closed orbits, 10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.23.102803
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOMS008
About •	Received ※ 19 May 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 16 June 2022
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TUPOMS010	BESSY III Status Report and Lattice Design Process	sextupole, emittance, HOM, radiation	1417
	P. Goslawski, M. Abo-Bakr, M. Arlandoo, J. Bengtsson, K. Holldack, A. Jankowiak, B.C. Kuske, A. Meseck, M.K. Sauerborn, M. Titze, J. Viefhaus, J. Völker HZB, Berlin, Germany
	Funding: Work supported by German Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, Land Berlin, and grants of Helmholtz Association. Since 2020 a detailed discussion about a BESSY~II successor is ongoing at HZB and its user community in order to define the science and layout of the new facility. Still free locations close to BESSY~II have triggered a discussion about a greenfield project, but in-house upgrade solutions have also been investigated. As an additional boundary condition, BESSY~III has to meet the requirement of the Physikalische Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) for radiation sources for metrology applications and bending magnet sources for tender X-rays. A Conceptional Design Report is in preparation. Here, we give a status report including a first parameter space, technical specifications and a first candidate for the linear lattice.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOMS010
About •	Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 25 June 2022
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TUPOMS014	PETRA IV Storage Ring Design	emittance, insertion, damping, insertion-device	1431
	I.V. Agapov, S.A. Antipov, R. Bartolini, R. Brinkmann, Y.-C. Chae, D. Einfeld, T. Hellert, M. Hüning, M.A. Jebramcik, J. Keil, C. Li, R. Wanzenberg DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	PETRA IV will be a diffraction-limited 6 GeV synchrotron light source with an emittance of 20 pm rad at DESY Hamburg. The TDR phase is nearing completion, and the lattice design is being finalised. The lattice will be based on the six-bend achromat cell with extensive use of damping wigglers. The key challenges of the lattice design are finding the balance between emittance minimisation and non-linear beam dynamics performance, and adapting the lattice to a collider-type tunnel geometry of the PETRA facility, with the long straight sections and low degree of superperiodicity. We present the lattice design and the beam physics aspects, focusing on the beam dynamics performance and optimisation, and the projected beam parameters taking collective effects and lattice imperfections into account.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOMS014
About •	Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 26 June 2022
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TUPOMS018	Error Analysis and Commissioning Simulation for the PETRA-IV Storage Ring	simulation, MMI, optics, storage-ring	1442
	T. Hellert, I.V. Agapov, S.A. Antipov, R. Bartolini, R. Brinkmann, Y.-C. Chae, D. Einfeld, M.A. Jebramcik, J. Keil DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	The upgrade of the PETRA-III storage ring into a diffraction limited synchrotron radiation source is nearing the end of its detailed technical design phase. We present a preliminary commissioning simulation for PETRA-IV demonstrating that the final corrected machines meet the performance design goals.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOMS018
About •	Received ※ 10 June 2022 — Revised ※ 10 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 15 June 2022
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TUPOMS027	ALBA II Acelerator Upgrade Project	emittance, storage-ring, cavity, injection	1467
	F. Pérez, I. Bellafont, G. Benedetti, J. Campmany, M. Carlà, J.J. Casas, C. Colldelram, F.F.B. Fernández, J.C. Giraldo, T.F. Günzel, U. Iriso, J. Marcos, Z. Martí, V. Massana, R. Muñoz Horta, M. Pont, L. Ribó, P. Solans, L. Torino ALBA-CELLS Synchrotron, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
	ALBA is working on the upgrade project that shall transform the actual storage ring, in operation since 2012, into a 4th generation light source, in which the soft X-rays part of the spectrum shall be diffraction limited. The project has been officially launched in 2021 and a White Paper presenting the main concepts of the upgrade has been published in Spring 2022. The storage ring upgrade is based on a 6BA lattice which has to comply with several constraints imposed by the decision of maintaining the same circumference (269 m), the same number of cells (16), the same beam energy (3 GeV), and as many of the source points as possible unperturbed. The lattice optimization has achieved an emittance of 140 pm.rad, which is a factor 30 smaller than that of the existing ring, but with an array compactness that presents technological challenges for the magnets, vacuum, diagnostics, RF systems and injection elements designs that are being investigated through an intensive R&D program.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOMS027
About •	Received ※ 06 June 2022 — Revised ※ 10 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 23 June 2022
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TUPOMS032	Performance of the Diamond-II Storage Ring Collimators	injection, scattering, storage-ring, collimation	1487
	H. Ghasem, J. Kallestrup, I.P.S. Martin DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
	Particle losses in a storage ring are unavoidable and it is very important to capture them and protect the machine from any possible damage. For this purpose, 6 collimators have been introduced in the Diamond-II storage ring lattice. This paper describes the main layout of the collimators with their corresponding impact and performance.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOMS032
About •	Received ※ 06 June 2022 — Revised ※ 10 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 19 June 2022
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TUPOMS033	Diamond-II Storage Ring Developments and Performance Studies	injection, storage-ring, MMI, impedance	1491
	I.P.S. Martin, H.C. Chao, R.T. Fielder, H. Ghasem, J. Kallestrup, T. Olsson, B. Singh, S.W. Wang DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
	The Diamond-II project includes a replacement of the existing double-bend achromat storage ring with a modified hybrid 6-bend achromat, doubling the number of straight sections and increasing the photon beam brightness by up to two orders of magnitude. The design and performance characterisation of the new storage ring has continued to progress, including a switch to an aperture-sharing injection scheme, freezing the magnet layout, studying the impact of IDs, developing a commissioning procedure and investigating collective effects. In this paper we present an overview of these studies, including final performance estimates. Diamond-II Technical Design Report, Diamond Light Source Ltd.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOMS033
About •	Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 24 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 27 June 2022
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TUPOMS034	Tunability and Alternative Optics for the Diamond-II Storage Ring	emittance, radiation, brilliance, brightness	1495
	H. Ghasem, I.P.S. Martin, B. Singh DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
	When defining the magnet specifications, a key consideration is that the hardware should be flexible enough to allow some contingency for future tuning requirements or for alternative lattice solutions to be implemented. To define the required tunability of the magnets, we have investigated two lattice solutions for the Diamond-II storage ring upgrade, one with reduced beta functions at the straight sections for improved matching to the photon beam and one with an ultra-low emittance of 87 pm with IDs. In this paper, the linear and nonlinear beam dynamic issues as well as the photon beam brightness for these two options will be presented and discussed.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOMS034
About •	Received ※ 06 June 2022 — Revised ※ 11 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 13 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 25 June 2022
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TUPOMS036	Commissioning of the Lower Emittance Lattice at SPEAR3	emittance, septum, operation, simulation	1502
	K. Tian, W.J. Corbett, S.M. Gierman, X. Huang, J. Kim, J.B. Langton, NL. Parry, J.A. Safranek, J.J. Sebek, M. Song, Z. Zhang SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
	SPEAR3, commissioned in 2004, is a third generation light source at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. The low emittance lattice with an emittance of 10 nm had been operated for over a decade until the recent commission of the new lower emittance lattice with 7 nm emittance. The new lattice, based on the same double-bend achromat lattice, has pushed toward the design limit of such type of lattice in SPEAR3. In this paper, we will elaborate our commissioning experience for the new lattice in SPEAR3.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOMS036
About •	Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 13 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 29 June 2022
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WEOXGD3	An Alternative Design for BEPCII Upgrade	cavity, survey, positron, emittance	1591
	H. Geng, J. Xing, C.H. Yu, Y. Zhang IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
	The Beijing Electron Positron Collider II (BEPCII) has achieved a series of achievements in high energy physics study. Along with the deepening of the research, more important physics is expected in higher energy region (>2.1 GeV). As the upper limit of BEPCII design energy is 2.1 GeV, an urgent upgrade is required for BEPCII. To achieve a higher luminosity at higher energy, the number of RF cavities is expected to be doubled. The baseline design which kept the survey of the North Collision Region (NCR) unchanged for the upgrade of BEPCII has been studied in previous work. In this paper, we show an alternative design that modifies the survey of NCR, but enables the online maintenance of both RF cavities in each ring of BEPCII. The dynamic aperture tracking result shows that the lattice could meet the injection requirement of BEPCII beam with reasonable margin.
	Slides WEOXGD3 [3.761 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEOXGD3
About •	Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 16 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 04 July 2022 — Issue date ※ 10 July 2022
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WEOZSP4	Full Coupling Studies at ALBA	coupling, emittance, simulation, operation	1667
	Z. Martí, G. Benedetti, M. Carlà, U. Iriso, L. Torino ALBA-CELLS Synchrotron, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
	As other low emittance machine upgrades ALBA-II proposal considers operating in full coupling. In such configuration the horizontal emittance is further reduced while the lifetime is increased at the price of working close to equal fractional tunes. This mode of operation has not been adopted by any existing light source to date, and it presents a few disadvantages, like the optics degradation, injection efficiency reduction and beam size stability. In this paper the above mentioned difficulties are studied for the present ALBA storage ring in full coupling conditions.
	Slides WEOZSP4 [1.694 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEOZSP4
About •	Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 22 June 2022
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WEPOST011	Studies on Top-Up Injection into the FCC-ee Collider Ring	injection, kicker, optics, collider	1699
	P.J. Hunchak, M.J. Boland CLS, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada M. Aiba PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland W. Bartmann, Y. Dutheil, M. Hofer, R.L. Ramjiawan, F. Zimmermann CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland M.J. Boland University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
	In order to maximize the luminosity production time in the FCC-ee, top-up injection will be employed. The positron and electron beams will be accelerated to the collision energy in the booster ring before being injected with either a small transverse or longitudinal separation to the stored beam. Using this scheme essentially keeps the beam current constant and, apart from a brief period during the injection process, collision data can be continuously acquired. Two top-up injection schemes, each with on- and off-momentum sub-schemes, viable for FCC-ee have been identified in the past and are studied in further detail to find a suitable design for each of the four operation modes of the FCC-ee. In this paper, injection straight optics, initial injection tracking studies and the effect on the stored beam are presented. Additionally, a basic proxy error lattice is introduced as a first step to studying injection into an imperfect machine.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOST011
About •	Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 19 June 2022
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WEPOPT011	Modelling FCC-ee Using MADX	solenoid, emittance, radiation, quadrupole	1854
	L. van Riesen-Haupt, H. Burkhardt, T.H.B. Persson, R. Tomás García CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
	We present the latest developments for simulating FCC-ee using CERN’s MADX software. Along with updated benchmark studies, we describe how the latest MADX updates can facilitate the simulation of FCC-ee design features, including improvements in tapering and different options for implementing a tilted solenoid.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT011
About •	Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 08 July 2022
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WEPOPT020	Modeling RHIC Spin Tilt as Lattice Imperfections	resonance, proton, injection, HOM	1884
	V.H. Ranjbar, E.C. Aschenauer, H. Huang, A. Marusic, F. Méot, V. Schoefer BNL, Upton, New York, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy. A tilt in the spin direction from the vertical has been observed for a number of years in the RHIC collider during store. This tilt has been extensively studied by scanning snake strengths, energies and orbital angles during the 2017 polarized proton run. Using a spin transport model, we attempt to model this spin tilt by fitting all the relevant data.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT020
About •	Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 18 June 2022
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WEPOPT026	Possibilities for Upgrading to Polarized a SuperKEKB	electron, polarization, experiment, cathode	1901
	Z.J. Liptak HU/AdSM, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
	The SuperKEKB accelerator is currently in operation in Tsukuba, Japan, with a planned long shutdown in 2026. Among the possible upgrades being considered during this period is the change to a polarized electron beam in the High Energy Ring. Such a change would require modifications in the source generation and transport, geometrical and lattice variations to provide spin rotation, and polarimetry. A Polarized SuperKEKB Working Group has been formed from members of the Belle II experiment and the SuperKEKB accelerator team to investigate the possibilities and challenges of these modifications. This presentation lays out the goals and motivations of polarizing the electron beam, considers the necessary changes to the existing accelerator and their feasibility and reports progress in investigations to this point.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT026
About •	Received ※ 12 June 2022 — Revised ※ 11 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 16 June 2022
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WEPOPT042	Designing the EIC Electron Storage Ring Lattice for a Wide Energy Range	solenoid, electron, dipole, quadrupole	1946
	D. Marx, J.S. Berg, J.S. Berg, J. Kewisch, Y. Li, Y. Li, C. Montag, V. Ptitsyn, V. Ptitsyn, S. Tepikian, F.J. Willeke, F.J. Willeke, D. Xu BNL, Upton, New York, USA Y. Cai, Y.M. Nosochkov SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA B.R. Gamage, V.S. Morozov, V.S. Morozov JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA G.H. Hoffstaetter, G.H. Hoffstaetter, D. Sagan, D. Sagan, J.E. Unger Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA V.S. Morozov ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA M.G. Signorelli Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC, under Contract No. DE-SC0012704, by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC, under Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177, by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725, and by SLAC under Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) will collide electrons with hadrons at center-of-mass energies up to 140 GeV (in the case of electron-proton collisions). A 3.8-kilometer electron storage ring is being designed, which will store electrons with a range of energies up to 18 GeV for collisions at one or two interaction points. At energies up to 10 GeV the arcs will be tuned to provide 60 degree phase advance per cell in both planes, whereas at top energy of 18 GeV a 90 degree phase advance per cell will be used, which largely compensates for the horizontal emittance increase with energy. The optics must be matched at three separate energies, and the different phase-advance requirements in both the arc cells and the straight sections make this challenging. Moreover, the spin rotators must fulfill requirements for polarization and spin matching at widely different energies while satisfying technical constraints. In this paper these challenges and proposed solutions are presented and discussed.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT042
About •	Received ※ 16 May 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 25 June 2022
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WEPOPT043	Dynamic Aperture of the EIC Electron Storage Ring	sextupole, optics, quadrupole, electron	1950
	Y.M. Nosochkov, Y. Cai SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA J.S. Berg, J. Kewisch, Y. Li, D. Marx, C. Montag, S. Tepikian, H. Witte BNL, Upton, New York, USA G.H. Hoffstaetter, J.E. Unger Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
	Funding: Work supported by the Department of Energy Contract DE-AC02-76SF00515, by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract DE-SC0012704, and by the Ernest Courant Traineeship in Accelerator Science and Technology Award No. DE-SC0020375. The Electron Ion Collider (EIC) is under design at Brookhaven National Laboratory. The EIC aims at providing high luminosity and high polarization collisions for a large range of beam energies. Dynamic aperture (DA) of the EIC Electron Storage Ring (ESR) must be sufficiently large in both transverse and momentum dimensions. The latter is a challenge due to low-beta optics in up to two interaction regions (IR). We have developed an advanced technique for efficient non-linear chromaticity compensation compatible with the different ESR lattice configurations at different energies. The solution for the most challenging lattice with two IRs at 18 GeV is presented. The lattice is then evaluated with magnet errors, where the error tolerances are determined for reaching the desired DA.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT043
About •	Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 01 July 2022
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WEPOTK007	Simulating Quasi-Integrable Optics with Space Charge in the IBEX Paul Trap	octupole, space-charge, experiment, resonance	2040
	J.A.D. Flowerdew University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom D.J. Kelliher, S. Machida, S.L. Sheehy STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
	Funding: Royal Society The intensity frontier has called for new initiatives in hadron accelerator design in order to accommodate space charge dominated beams. Octupoles are often used to damp beam instabilities caused by space charge, however the insertion of octupole magnets leads to a nonintegrable lattice which reduces the area of stable particle motion. One proposed solution is Quasi-Integrable optics (QIO), where the octupoles are inserted between sections of a specific lattice insertion called a T-insert. An octupole with a strength that scales as 1/beta³(s) is applied in the drift region, where the horizontal and vertical beta functions are equal, to create a time independent octupole field. This leads to a lattice with a time-independent Hamiltonian which is robust to small perturbations. IBEX is a Paul trap which allows the transverse dynamics of a collection of trapped particles to be studied, mimicking the propagation through multiple quadrupole lattice periods, whilst remaining stationary in the laboratory frame. In order to test QIO at the IBEX experiment, it has recently undergone an upgrade to allow for the creation of octupole fields. We present our design of the IBEX experiment upgrade along with simulation results of our proposed experiment to test QIO with space charge.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOTK007
About •	Received ※ 19 May 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 18 June 2022
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WEPOTK058	Experimental Study of the Transverse Mode Coupling Instability with Space-Charge at the CERN SPS	space-charge, emittance, simulation, experiment	2193
	X. Buffat, H. Bartosik CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
	Past studies on the Transverse Mode Coupling Instability (TMCI) suggested that it can be suppressed in the presence of space-charge forces. Recent developments in this field show that for higher strength, space-charge forces leads to other types of instabilities. We investigate the characteristics of these instabilities by means of stability threshold measurements at the CERN SPS for various intensities, longitudinal and transverse emittances. These observations are compared to numerical tracking simulations.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOTK058
About •	Received ※ 03 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 18 June 2022
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WEPOTK061	Lattice Design of the UVSOR_IV Storage Ring	emittance, storage-ring, electron, dynamic-aperture	2205
	E. Salehi, M. Fujimoto, M. Katoh, Y. Taira UVSOR, Okazaki, Japan L. Guo Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan M. Katoh HSRC, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
	We are designing a storage ring lattice for the future plan of UVSOR. As a candidate, we have designed a storage ring of 1 GeV electron energy, which is higher than the present value, 750 MeV. The magnetic lattice is based on a compact double bend achromat cell, which consists of two bending magnets and four focusing magnets, all of which are of combined function. The circumference is around 82.5 m. The emittance is around 4 nm in the achromatic condition, which becomes lower in the non-achromatic condition. The lattice of 6-fold symmetry has six straight sections of 4 m long and six of 1.5 m long. Undulators can radiate nearly diffraction-limited light in VUV. If we install high field multipole wiggler at the short straight sections, they can provide high flux tender X-rays. We are expecting the usage of a laser-based accelerator as the injector, which might be developed in the next decade. As an alternative plan, we have designed a traditional injector, which consists of a linear accelerator and a booster synchrotron and can be constructed inside of the storage ring.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOTK061
About •	Received ※ 20 May 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 13 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 30 June 2022
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WEPOMS011	Single Bunch Instability Studies with a New Impedance Database for Diamond-II	impedance, cavity, database, synchrotron	2257
	R.T. Fielder, H.C. Chao, S.W. Wang DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
	We present an updated impedance database for the Diamond-II storage ring, along with an analysis of single bunch instabilities and thresholds based on particle tracking simulations using Elegant. Various cases with different chromaticity, insertion device parameters and harmonic cavity settings are studied, and the effects on the microwave instability, bunch lengthening and phase shifts are simulated and compared with analytic formulae. Preliminary results show that the single-bunch instability thresholds are above requirements for a uniform fill, and with inclusion of a harmonic cavity the longitudinal and transverse instability thresholds can also satisfy requirements for a hybrid fill.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOMS011
About •	Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 22 June 2022
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WEPOMS019	Beam-Beam Resonance Widths in the HL-LHC, and Reduction by Phasing of Interaction Points	resonance, interaction-region, betatron, luminosity	2280
	Y.L. Gao, S.R. Koscielniak TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada
	Beam-beam interactions are a limiting factor in the planned high luminosity (HL) upgrade to the Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC). Over the two main interaction regions of the LHC, a particle experiences two head-on and over a hundred long-range beam-beam interactions which drive betatron resonances in the system. Each resonance line in the space of horizontal and vertical tunes has a finite (non-zero) lock-on width. If the particles tunes fall within this width, they will eventually lock on to the resonance and be driven to large amplitude. We show that it is possible to reduce the resonances widths of a given order by using specific values of the phase advance between interaction points. This paper presents the derivation of resonance width for the weak-strong beam-beam effect, as an extension of A.Chaos width formulae for magnetic sextupoles. (A Lie-algebraic approach is used to combine the effect of the individual beam-beam impulses.) The paper then studies the lock-on width arising from two interaction regions containing 140 beam-beam impulses, and shows the cancellation of specific resonances by relative phasing of interaction points in the HL-LHC lattice.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOMS019
About •	Received ※ 27 May 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 22 June 2022
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WEPOMS030	A Path-Length Stability Experiment for Optical Stochastic Cooling at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring	experiment, radiation, storage-ring, dipole	2311
	S.J. Levenson, M.B. Andorf, I.V. Bazarov, V. Khachatryan, J.M. Maxson, D.L. Rubin, S. Wang Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
	Funding: This work was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Award PHY-1549132, the Center for Bright Beams and NYSTAR award C150153. To achieve sufficient particle delay with respect to the optical path in order to enable high gain amplification, the design of the Optical Stochastic Cooling (OSC) experiment in the Cornell Electron Storage Ring (CESR) places the pickup (PU) and kicker (KU) undulators approximately 80 m apart. The arrival times at the KU of particles and the light they produce in the PU must be synchronized to an accuracy of less than an optical wavelength, which for this experiment is 780 nm. To test this synchronization, a planned demonstration of the stability of the bypass in CESR is presented where, in lieu of undulators, an interference pattern formed with radiation from two dipoles flanking the bypass is used. In addition to demonstrating stability, the fringe visibility of the pattern is related to the cooling ranges, a critical parameter needed for OSC. We present progress on this stabilization experiment including the design of a second-order isochronous bypass, as well as optimizations of the Dynamic Aperture (DA) and injection efficiency.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOMS030
About •	Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 17 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 23 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 26 June 2022
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WEPOMS043	UFO, a GPU Code Tailored Toward MBA Lattice Optimization	GPU, electron, simulation, optics	2346
	M. Carlà, M. Canals ALBA-CELLS Synchrotron, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
	The complexity of multi-bend achromatic optics is such that computational tools performance has become a dominant factor in the design process a last generation synchrotron light source. To relieve the problem a new code (UFO) tailored toward performance was developed to assist the design of the ALBA-II optics. Two main strategies contribute to the performance of UFO: the execution flow follows a data parallel paradigm, well suited for GPU execution; the use of a just-in-time compiler allows to simplify the computation whenever the lattice allows for it. At the core of UFO lies a parallel tracking routine structured for parallel simulation of optics which differs in some parameters, such as magnet strength or alignment, but retains the same element order, reflecting the scenario found in optimization processes, or when dealing with magnetic or alignment errors. Such an approach allows to take advantage of GPUs which yield the best performance when running thousands of parallel threads. Moreover UFO is not limited to tracking. A few modules that rely on the same tracking routine allow for the fast computation of dynamic and momentum aperture, closed orbit and linear optics.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOMS043
About •	Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 16 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 19 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 21 June 2022
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WEPOMS046	Machine Learning-Based Modeling of Muon Beam Ionization Cooling	emittance, simulation, target, collider	2354
	E. Fol, D. Schulte CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland C.T. Rogers STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
	Surrogate modeling can lead to significant improvements of beam dynamics simulations in terms of computational time and resources. Application of supervised machine learning, using collected simulation data allows to build surrogate models which can estimate beam parameters evolution based on the provided cooling channel design. The created models help to understand the correlations between different lattice components and the importance of specific beam properties for the cooling performance. We present the application of surrogate modeling to enhance final muon cooling design studies, demonstrating the potential of such approach to be integrated into the design and optimization of other components of future colliders.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOMS046
About •	Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 28 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 04 July 2022 — Issue date ※ 05 July 2022
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WEPOMS051	Spin Matching for the EIC’s Electrons	polarization, emittance, electron, storage-ring	2369
	M.G. Signorelli Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA J.A. Crittenden, G.H. Hoffstaetter Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA J. Kewisch BNL, Upton, New York, USA
	The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory will provide spin-polarized collisions of electron and protons or light ion beams. In order to maximize the electron polarization and require less frequent beam re-injections to restore the polarization level, the stochastic depolarizing effects of synchrotron radiation must be minimized via spin matching. In this study, Bmad was used to perform first order spin matching in the Electron Storage Ring (ESR) of the EIC. Spin matches were obtained for the rotator systems and for a vertical chicane, inserted as a vertical emittance creator. Monte Carlo spin tracking with radiation was then performed to analyze the effects of the spin matching on the polarization.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOMS051
About •	Received ※ 31 May 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 13 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 05 July 2022

Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

MOPLXGD3

The Accelerator and Beam Physics of the Muon g-2 Experiment at Fermilab

storage-ring, experiment, positron, betatron

10

D.A. Tarazona
Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA

The physics case of the Muon g-2 Experiment at Fermilab is outstanding and has recently attracted significant attention from its first official results. Although its measurements involve high energy physics methods, such as counting positron production rates with the use of calorimeters and beam diagnostics with tracking detectors, this experiment is strongly bound to accelerator and beam physics. This paper reviews the principles of the experiment and the details necessary to provide a solid ground for the beam-dynamics uncertainties and the corrections of the systematic effects influencing the output of the experiment: a single numerical value, which may unveil new physics.

Slides MOPLXGD3 [29.311 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPLXGD3

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Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 09 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 13 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 09 July 2022

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MOIYSP2

Touschek and Intrabeam Scattering in Ultralow Emittance Storage Rings

emittance, damping, scattering, wiggler

25

R. Bartolini
DESY, Hamburg, Germany

In next-generation synchrotron radiation sources targeting extremely low emittance around the so-called diffraction limit, the Touschek and intrabeam scattering (IBS) effects are important factors determining the performance of the facility. As the emittance decreases, the bunch volume decreases and the Touschek beam lifetime also decreases. However, this downward trend in beam lifetime is expected to turn to increase in the emittance region below a certain threshold. Since this threshold is determined by the emittance at equilibrium including the IBS effect, a self-consistent treatment is necessary for a correct and unified understanding of the beam characteristics. In currently operating facilities, such as MAX-IV, or in next-generation light sources under construction or in the planning stages, it is expected that such effects may be observed depending on the operating conditions. This talk will be reviewing Touschek and IBS Effects in terms of how these effects limit the ring performance.

Slides MOIYSP2 [5.466 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOIYSP2

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Received ※ 12 June 2022 — Revised ※ 21 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 23 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 27 June 2022

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MOPOST001

Performance of Automated Synchrotron Lattice Optimisation Using Genetic Algorithm

dipole, network, synchrotron, focusing

38

X. Zhang, S.L. Sheehy
The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
S.L. Sheehy
ANSTO, Kirrawee DC New South Wales, Australia

Funding: Work supported by Australian Government Research Training Program Scholarship
Rapid advances in superconducting magnets and related accelerator technology opens many unexplored possibilities for future synchrotron designs. We present an efficient method to probe the feasible parameter space of synchrotron lattice configurations. Using this method, we can converge on a suite of optimal solutions with multiple optimisation objectives. It is a general method that can be adapted to other lattice design problems with different constraints or optimisation objectives. In this method, we tackle the lattice design problem using a multi-objective genetic algorithm. The problem is encoded by representing the components of each lattice as columns of a matrix. This new method is an improvement over the neural network based approach* in terms of computational resources. We evaluate the performance and limitations of this new method with benchmark results.
*Conference Proceedings IPAC’21, 2021. DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB182

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOST001

About •

Received ※ 19 May 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 14 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 17 June 2022

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MOPOST017

Design and Beam Dynamics Study of Disk-Loaded Structure for Muon Linac

acceleration, emittance, linac, accelerating-gradient

94

K. Sumi, T. Iijima, K. Inami, Y. Sue, M. Yotsuzuka
Nagoya University, Graduate School of Science, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
H. Ego, T. Mibe, N. Saito, M. Yoshida
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
T. Iijima
KMI, Nagoya, AIchi Prefecture, Japan
Y. Kondo, K. Moriya
JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan
Y. Nakazawa
Ibaraki University, Hitachi, Ibaraki, Japan
M. Otani
J-PARC, KEK & JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan
Y. Takeuchi
Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
H.Y. Yasuda
University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

The disk-loaded structures (DLS) in the muon LINAC are under development for the J-PARC muon g-2/EDM experiment. Four DLSs with an accelerating gradient of 20 MV/m take charge of muon acceleration from 40 MeV to 212 MeV, which corresponds to 70% to 94% of the speed of light. The quasi-constant gradient type TM01-2pi/3 mode DLSs with gradually varying disk spacing was designed and confirmed that the cumulative phase slip due to the mismatch between muon and phase velocity can be suppressed to less than 2 degrees at the frequency of 2592 MHz. In addition, the optimum synchronous phase and the lattice were investigated to satisfy the requirements of the total emittance less than 1.5 pi mm mrad and the momentum spread less than 0.1% in RMS.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOST017

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Received ※ 19 May 2022 — Revised ※ 09 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 20 June 2022

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MOPOST027

The Zgoubidoo Python Framework for Ray-Tracing Simulations with Zgoubi: Applications to Fixed-Field Accelerators

closed-orbit, simulation, FFAG, focusing

118

M. Vanwelde, E. Gnacadja, C. Hernalsteens, N. Pauly, E. Ramoisiaux, R. Tesse
ULB, Bruxelles, Belgium
C. Hernalsteens
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland

The study of beam dynamics in accelerators featuring main magnets with complex geometries such as Fixed Field Accelerators (FFAs) requires simulation codes allowing step-by-step particle tracking in complex magnetic fields, such as the Zgoubi ray-tracing code. To facilitate the use of Zgoubi and to allow readily processing the resulting tracking data, we developed a modern Python 3 interface, Zgoubidoo, using Zgoubi in the backend. In this work, the key features of Zgoubidoo are illustrated by detailing the main steps to obtain a non-scaling FFA accelerator from a scaling design. The results obtained are in excellent agreement with prior results, including the tune computation and orbit shifts. These results are enhanced by Zgoubidoo beam dynamics analysis and visualization tools, including the placement of lattice elements in a global coordinate system and the computation of linear step-by-step optics. The validation of Zgoubidoo on conventional scaling and non-scaling FFA designs paves the way for future uses in innovative FFA design studies.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOST027

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Received ※ 16 May 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 24 June 2022

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MOPOST028

Tune Control in Fixed Field Accelerators

focusing, multipole, controls, closed-orbit

122

A.F. Steinberg, R.B. Appleby
UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
S.L. Sheehy
The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

Fixed Field Alternating Gradient Accelerators have been proposed for a wide range of challenges, including rapid acceleration in a muon collider, and large energy acceptance beam transport for medical applications. A disadvantage of these proposals is the highly nonlinear field profile required to keep the tune energy-independent, known as the scaling condition. It has been shown computationally that approximately constant tunes can be achieved with the addition of nonlinear fields which do not follow this scaling law. However the impacts of these nonlinearities are not well understood. We present a new framework for adding nonlinearities to Fixed Field Accelerators, seeking a constant normalised focusing strength over the full energy range, and verify the results by simulation using Zgoubi. As a model use case, we investigate the degree of tune compensation that can be achieved in a Fixed Field Accelerator for ion cancer therapy.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOST028

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Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 09 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 02 July 2022

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MOPOST040

On a Framework to Analyze Single-Particle Non-Linear Beam Dynamics: Normal Form on a Critical Point

operation, framework, status, resonance

160

M. Titze
HZB, Berlin, Germany

Funding: Work supported by German Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, Land Berlin, and grants of Helmholtz Association.
Normal form analysis around a stable fixed point is a well-established tool in accelerator physics and has proven to be invaluable for an understanding of non-linear beam dynamics. In this work we present progress in developing a modular Python framework to analyze some of the non-linear aspects of a storage ring, by directly operating with the given Hamiltonians. Hereby we have implemented Birkhoff’s normal form and Magnus expansion. This leads to a flexible framework to perform calculations to high order and, moreover, to relax the constraint of stability to also include certain unstable fixed points in the analysis.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOST040

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Received ※ 31 May 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 14 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 25 June 2022

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MOPOST042

Using Dynamic Indicators for Probing Single-Particle Stability in Circular Accelerators

alignment, dynamic-aperture, software, simulation

168

C.E. Montanari, A. Bazzani, G. Turchetti
Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
M. Giovannozzi, C.E. Montanari
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland

Computing the long-term behaviour of single-particle motion is a numerically intensive process, as it requires a large number of initial conditions to be tracked for a large number of turns to probe their stability. A possibility to reduce the computational resources required is to provide indicators that can efficiently detect chaotic motion, which are considered precursors to unbounded motion. These indicators could allow skilful selection of a set of initial conditions that could then be considered for long-term tracking. The chaotic nature of each orbit can be assessed by using fast-converging dynamic indicators, such as the Fast Lyapunov Indicator (FLI), the Reversibility Error Method (REM), and the Smallest and Global Alignment Index (SALI and GALI). These indicators are widely used in the field of Celestial Mechanics, but not so widespread in Accelerator Physics. They have been applied both to a modulated Hénon map, as a toy model, as well as to realistic lattices of the High-Luminosity LHC. In this paper, we discuss the results of detailed numerical studies, focusing on their performance in detecting chaotic motions.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOST042

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Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 02 July 2022

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MOPOST048

Efficient Representation of Realistic 3D Static Magnetic Fields for Symplectic Tracking and First Applications for Frequency Analysis and Dynamic Aperture Studies in ELENA

resonance, dynamic-aperture, electron, emittance

187

L. Bojtár
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland

The algorithm called SIMPA has a new and unique approach to long-term 4D tracking of charged particles in arbitrary static electromagnetic fields. Field values given on the boundary of the region of interest are reproduced by an arrangement of hypothetical magnetic or electric point sources surrounding the boundary surface. The vector and scalar potentials are obtained by summing the contributions of each source. The second step of the method improves the evaluation speed of the potentials and their derivatives by orders of magnitude. This comprises covering the region of interest by overlapping spheres, then calculating the spherical harmonic expansion of the potentials on each sphere. During tracking, field values are evaluated by calculating the solid harmonics and their derivatives inside a sphere containing the particle. Frequency analysis and dynamic aperture studies in ELENA is presented. The effect of the end fields and the perturbation introduced by the magnetic system of the electron cooler on dynamic aperture is shown. The dynamic aperture calculated is the direct consequence of the geometry of the magnetic elements, no multipole errors have been added to the model.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOST048

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Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 15 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 01 July 2022

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MOPOST051

Study of Transverse Resonance Island Buckets at CESR

resonance, sextupole, simulation, damping

199

S. Wang, V. Khachatryan
Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA

Funding: Work supported by NSF PHYS-1416318 and DMR-1829070.
A 6-GeV lattice with the horizontal tune near a 3rd-order resonance line at 3ν_x=2 is designed for studying the transverse resonance island buckets (TRIBs) at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring (CESR). The distribution of 76 sextupoles powered individually is optimized to maximize the dynamic aperture and achieve the desired amplitude-dependent tune shift α_xx and the resonant driving term h₃₀₀₀₀, which are necessary conditions to form stable island buckets. The particle tracking simulations are developed to check and confirm the formation of TRIBs at different tunes with clearing kicks in this TRIBs lattice. Finally, the lattice is loaded in CESR and the TRIBs are successfully observed when the horizontal fractional tune is adjusted to 0.665, close to the 3rd-order resonance line. Bunch-by-bunch feedback is also explored to clear the particles in the main bucket and the island buckets, respectively.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOST051

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Received ※ 20 May 2022 — Revised ※ 09 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 25 June 2022

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MOPOST053

Transverse Resonance Islands Buckets at SPEAR3

kicker, resonance, experiment, feedback

203

J. Kim, J.A. Safranek, K. Tian
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA

We present populating bunches into the transverse resonance islands buckets (TRIBs) on SPEAR3. As one of operation modes for the timing-mode or providing separated bunches in transverse direction, we are exploring TRIBs on SPEAR3. Experience and analysis on applying kicks multiple times using the bunch-by-bunch feedback kicker to move bunches into the TRIBs is described.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOST053

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Received ※ 06 June 2022 — Revised ※ 09 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 03 July 2022

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MOPOST054

A Hybrid Multi-Bend Achromat Lattice Design for SSRL-X

emittance, storage-ring, wiggler, injection

207

J. Kim, X. Huang, P. Raimondi, J.A. Safranek, M. Song, K. Tian
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA

We present a lattice design for SSRL-X which is a green-field low-emittance storage ring proposal. The lattice is based on the hybrid multi-bend achromat and has natural emittance of 63 pm with 24-cells periodicity and ~570 m circumference under 3.5 GeV energy. Modification on dedicated cells which lengthens straight sections but keeps the phase advance is explored to further reduce the natural emittance by inserting damping wigglers.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOST054

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Received ※ 06 June 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 09 July 2022

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MOPOST055

The EIC Rapid Cycling Synchrotron Dynamic Aperture Optimization

dynamic-aperture, electron, sextupole, resonance

210

H. Lovelace III, C. Montag, V.H. Ranjbar
BNL, Upton, New York, USA
F. Lin
ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA

With the design of the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC), a new Rapid Cycling Synchrotron (RCS) must be designed to accelerate the electron bunches from 400 MeV up to 18 GeV. An optimized dynamic aperture with preservation of polarization through the energy ramp was found. The codes DEPOL, MAD-X, and BMAD are used in modeling the dynamics and spin preservation. The results will be discussed in this paper.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOST055

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Received ※ 27 May 2022 — Revised ※ 10 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 08 July 2022

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MOPOPT023

Improved Emittance and Brightness for the MAX IV 3 GeV Storage Ring

emittance, injection, storage-ring, brightness

288

M. Apollonio, Å. Andersson, M. Brosi, R. Lindvall, D.K. Olsson, M. Sjöström, R. Svärd, P.F. Tavares
MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

At MAX IV Laboratory, the Swedish Synchrotron Radiation (SR) facility, the largest of two rings operates at 3 GeV with a bare lattice emittance of 330 pm rad. Upgrade plans are under consideration aiming at a gradual reduction of the emittance, in three stages: a short-term with an emittance reduction of 20% to 40%, a mid-term with an emittance reduction of more than 50% and a long-term with an emittance in the range of the diffraction limit for hard X-rays (10 keV). In this paper we focus on the short-term case, resuming previous work on a proposed lattice that can reach 270 pm rad emittance, with only minor modifications to the gradients of the magnets of the present ring, i.e. without any hardware changes and all within the present power supply limits. Linear lattice characterisation and calculations of key performance parameters, such as dynamic aperture and momentum aperture with errors, are described and compared to the present operating lattice. Experimental tests of injection into this lattice are also shown.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOPT023

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Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 17 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 27 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 29 June 2022

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MOPOPT052

Beam-Based Alignment for LCLS-II CuS Linac-to-Undulator Quadrupoles

quadrupole, alignment, target, linac

377

X. Huang, D.K. Bohler
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA

An advanced method for beam-based alignment that can simultaneously determine the quadrupole centers of multiple magnets has been applied to the LCLS-II CuS linac-to-undulator (LTU) section. The new method modulates the strengths of multiple quadrupoles and monitor the induced trajectory shift. Measurements are repeated with the beam trajectory through the quadrupoles steered with upstream correctors, from which the quadrupole centers can be obtained. Steering of the trajectory to minimize the induced trajectory shift is also done for finding the quadrupole centers.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOPT052

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Received ※ 27 May 2022 — Revised ※ 10 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 25 June 2022

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MOPOPT069

A Data-Driven Beam Trajectory Monitoring at the European XFEL

FEL, undulator, experiment, operation

418

A. Sulc, R. Kammering, T. Wilksen
DESY, Hamburg, Germany

Funding: This work was supported by HamburgX grant LFF-HHX-03 to the Center for Data and Computing in Natural Sciences (CDCS) from the Hamburg Ministry of Science, Research, Equalities and Districts.
Interpretation of data from beam position monitors is a crucial part of the reliable operation of European XFEL. The interpretation of beam positions is often handled by a physical model, which can be prone to modeling errors or can lead to the high complexity of the computational model. In this paper, we show two data-driven approaches that provide insights into the operation of the SASE beamlines at European XFEL. We handle the analysis as a data-driven problem, separate it from physical peculiarities and experiment with available data based only on our empirical evidence and the data.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOPT069

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Received ※ 06 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 20 June 2022

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MOPOTK002

Fast Orbit Response Matrix Measurement via Sine-Wave Excitation of Correctors at Sirius

optics, storage-ring, synchrotron, quadrupole

425

M.M.S. Velloso, M.B. Alves, F.H. de Sá
LNLS, Campinas, Brazil

Sirius is the new 4th generation storage ring based synchrotron light source built and operated by the Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS). In this work, we report on the implementation at Sirius of a fast method for orbit response matrix (ORM) measurement which is based on sine-wave parallel excitation of orbit corrector magnets’ strength. This ‘‘AC method" has reduced the ORM measurement time from ∼ 25 minutes to 2.5-3 minutes and displayed increased precision if compared to the standard serial measurement procedure. When used as input to the Linear Optics from Closed Orbits (LOCO) correction algorithm, the AC ORM yielded similar optics corrections with less aggressive quadrupoles strength changes.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK002

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Received ※ 20 May 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 22 June 2022

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MOPOTK004

Status of the Soleil Upgrade Lattice Robustness Studies

injection, MMI, simulation, optics

433

O.R. Blanco-García
INFN/LNF, Frascati, Italy
D. Amorim, A. Loulergue, L.S. Nadolski, R. Nagaoka
SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
M.A. Deniaud
JAI, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom

The SOLEIL synchrotron has entered its Technical Design Report (TDR) phase for the upgrade of its storage ring to a fourth generation synchrotron light source. Verification of the equipment specifications (alignment, magnets, power supplies, BPMs), and the methodology for optics corrections are critical in order to ensure the feasibility of rapid commissioning restoring full performance for daily operations. The end-to-end simulation, from beam threading in the first turns to beam storage and stacking, should be handled with a comprehensive model close to the actual commissioning procedure, taking into account all practical steps. During 2021 and 2022, the CDR lattice has undergone significant modifications in response to additional constraints. In this paper, we present an update of the robustness studies for the TDR baseline lattice.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK004

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Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 05 July 2022

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MOPOTK006

Off-Energy Operation for the ESRF-EBS Storage Ring

optics, SRF, injection, sextupole

437

L. Hoummi, T. Brochard, N. Carmignani, L.R. Carver, J. Chavanne, S.M. Liuzzo, T.P. Perron, R. Versteegen, S.M. White
ESRF, Grenoble, France
P. Raimondi
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA

The ESRF-EBS is the first 4th generation source making use of the Hybrid Multi-Bend Achromat (HMBA) lattice cell, reaching an equilibrium horizontal emittance of 140 pm.rad in user mode (insertion devices (ID) gaps open). The injection in the storage ring (SR) is conducted with a short booster, operated off-energy. The RF frequency is increased compared to the nominal one to put the beam on a dispersive orbit, thus going off-axis in quadrupoles. The induced dipolar feed down effects reduce the booster horizontal emittance. The same strategy is extended to the ESRF-EBS SR, for an expected emittance reduction of about 20 pm.rad. A first approach shifts the RF frequency by +300 Hz to operate at -1% energy offset. Optimal quadrupole and sextupole settings are defined for this off-energy operation based on simulations. The settings are then tested in the SR in terms of dynamic aperture and injection efficiency.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK006

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Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 10 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 05 July 2022

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MOPOTK007

Reverse Bend Option for a 6 GeV Storage Ring Lattice

emittance, injection, SRF, dynamic-aperture

441

L. Hoummi, N. Carmignani, L.R. Carver, F. Cianciosi, S.M. Liuzzo, T.P. Perron, S.M. White
ESRF, Grenoble, France

Several high-energy synchrotron facilities adopted the Hybrid Multi-Bend Achromat scheme (HMBA) developed at and for the ESRF-EBS [LATTICE]. The considered lattice has been developed for a generic 6 GeV storage ring (SR) of 1100m circumference. It includes a short bending (SB) magnet at the center of the cell, and achieves a ∼ §I{70}{πco\metre\radian} equilibrium horizontal emittance. The optics of such SR are modified introducing reverse bending magnets to further reduce the natural horizontal emittance to §I{53}{πco\metre\radian}. The impact of such modification on dynamic aperture and lifetime is assessed and optimized.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK007

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Received ※ 20 May 2022 — Revised ※ 10 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 30 June 2022

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MOPOTK008

Options for a Light Upgrade of the ESRF Booster Synchrotron Lattice

booster, quadrupole, extraction, SRF

445

T.P. Perron, N. Carmignani, L.R. Carver, L. Hoummi, S.M. Liuzzo, S.M. White
ESRF, Grenoble, France
P. Raimondi
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA

The EBS 6 GeV electron storage ring recently commissioned at ESRF, in Grenoble, France, is still operated using the old injector hardware. It is now one of the limiting factor of the facility. The large horizontal emittance of the booster beam affects injection efficiency, preventing from reaching 100% transfer efficiency between the 299.8 m long booster and the storage ring. Different lattice modifications going from minor optics changes to full machine renewal are considered . In this paper we will discuss different options of a "light" upgrade of the FODO lattice, keeping the RF system, vacuum chamber, power supplies, and most of the magnets. The upgrade then consists in creating a few new quadrupole families in the straight section vicinity and remove them from the main QF/QD families.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK008

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Received ※ 05 June 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 29 June 2022

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MOPOTK009

Basic Design Choices for the BESSY III MBA Lattice

emittance, dipole, sextupole, ECR

449

B.C. Kuske, M. Abo-Bakr, P. Goslawski
HZB, Berlin, Germany

Funding: Work supported by German Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, Land Berlin, and grants of Helmholtz Association.
Lattice development efforts for the 2.5GeV, low emittance successor of BESSY II, are ongoing at HZB for 2 years. The basic choice of a multi-bend achromat lattice is indispensable due to the emittance goal of 100pm, required to generate diffraction limited radiation up to 1keV. Hard boundary conditions for the design are a reasonably short circumference of ~350m due to the accessible construction properties in vicinity to Bessy II and 16 super-periods to not step behind the number of existing experimental stations. Additionally, the Pysikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt, the long-term partner of HZB, requests homogeneous dipoles as a calculable and traceable source of radiation for metrology applications. The configuration of the two building blocks of MBA lattices - unit cell and dispersion suppression cell - has been thoroughly studied from basic principles. It was found that gradient free bending dipoles are the better choice for the BESSY III lattice, opposite to the concepts of comparable projects. This work summarizes and explains the findings of our investigations.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK009

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Received ※ 21 May 2022 — Revised ※ 11 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 11 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 13 June 2022

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MOPOTK011

Generalisation and Longitudinal Extension of the Genetic Lattice Construction (GLC) Algorithm

simulation, quadrupole, beam-transport, space-charge

453

S. Reimann, M. Droba, O. Meusel, H. Podlech
IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
H. Podlech
HFHF, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
S. Reimann
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany

The GLC algorithm allows the construction of efficient transfer lines with defined imaging properties using a minimum number of quadrupole elements. This work describes a generalization of this algorithm to make it applicable to the use of arbitrary beam optical elements. This includes an extension to longitudinal phase space.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK011

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Received ※ 18 May 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 13 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 01 July 2022

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MOPOTK017

Update of Lattice Design of the SPring-8-II Storage Ring Towards 50 pmrad

emittance, injection, storage-ring, undulator

477

K. Soutome
JASRI/SPring-8, Hyogo-ken, Japan
T. Hiraiwa, H. Tanaka
RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Hyogo, Japan

The storage ring lattice of SPring-8-II has been under optimization towards a low emittance of around 50 pmrad, which was initially set at 150 pmrad*. The optimization concept is based on the effective use of extra-radiation damping from damping wigglers installed in the four long straight sections each 30 m long in length. For this purpose, we have been re-optimizing the linear and nonlinear optics so as to reduce the radiation loss from the bending magnets. In parallel, since the emittance variation due to the gap change of the IDs can be an obstacle for conducting precise experiments, we are investigating a new passive method to suppress the emittance variation without any feedback system. In the paper, we report on these details.
*SPring-8-II Conceptual Design Report (2014), http://rsc.riken.jp/pdf/SPring-8-II.pdf

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK017

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Received ※ 05 June 2022 — Revised ※ 15 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 27 June 2022

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MOPOTK024

Quasi-Frozen Spin Concept of Magneto-Optical Structure of NICA Adapted to Study the Electric Dipole Moment of the Deuteron and to Search for the Axion

storage-ring, dipole, proton, insertion

492

Y. Senichev, A.E. Aksentyev, S.D. Kolokolchikov, A.A. Melnikov
RAS/INR, Moscow, Russia
A.E. Aksentyev
MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
V. Ladygin, E. Syresin
JINR/VBLHEP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
N. Nikolaev
Landau ITP, Chernogolovka, Russia

Funding: We acknowledge a support by the joint Deutsche ForschungsGemeinschaft (DFG) and Russian Science Foundation (RSF) grant 22-42-04419
The "frozen spin" method is based on the fact that at a certain parameters of the ring, the particle spin rotates with the frequency of the momentum, creating conditions for the continuous growth of the electric dipole moment signal. Since a straightforward implementation of the frozen spin regime at NICA is not possible, we suggest an alternative quasi-frozen spin approach concept. In this new regime, the spin oscillates about particle orbit with the spin phase advance pi*gamma*G/2, locally recovering the longitudinal orientation at the location of the electric-magnetic Wien filters in the straight sections. In the case of deuterons, thanks to the small magnetic anomaly G, the spin continuously oscillates relative to the direction of the momentum with a small amplitude of a few degrees and the expected EDM effect is reduced only by a few percent. In this paper, we study the spin-orbital motion with the aim of using the NICA collider to measure the EDM. We also comment on the potential of NICA as an axion antenna in both the quasi-frozen spin regime and beyond.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK024

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Received ※ 16 May 2022 — Revised ※ 11 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 12 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 01 July 2022

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MOPOTK029

Improved Low-Energy Optics Control for Transverse Emittance Preservation at the CERN Proton Synchrotron

emittance, optics, space-charge, quadrupole

507

W. Van Goethem, F. Antoniou, F. Asvesta, H. Bartosik, A. Huschauer
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland

Preservation of the transverse emittances across the CERN accelerator chain is an important requirement for beams produced for the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). In the CERN Proton Synchrotron (PS), high brightness LHC-type beams are stored on a long flat bottom for up to 1.2 seconds. During this storage time, direct space charge effects may lead to resonance crossing and subsequent growth of the transverse emittances. Previous studies showed an important emittance increase when the PS working point is moved near integer tune values. Subsequent simulation studies confirmed that this observation is caused by an interplay of space charge effects and the optics beatings induced by the Low Energy Quadrupoles (LEQ). A new optics configuration using these quadrupoles to reduce the optics beating and the emittance growth was developed and experimentally validated. The results of simulation and experimental studies are presented in this contribution.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK029

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Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 17 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 25 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 10 July 2022

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MOPOTK032

An N-BPM Momentum Reconstruction for Linear Transverse Coupling Measurements in LHC and HL-LHC

coupling, optics, resonance, controls

519

A. Wegscheider, R. Tomás García
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland

The measurement and control of linear transverse coupling is important for the operation of an accelerator. The calculation of the linear transverse coupling resonance driving terms (RDTs) ’1001 and ’1010 relies on the complex spectrum of the turn-by-turn motion. To obtain the complex signal, a reconstruction of the particle motion is needed. For this purpose, the signal of a second BPM with a suitable phase shift is usually used. In this work, we explore the possibility of including more BPMs in the reconstruction of the transverse momentum, which could reduce the effects of statistical errors and systematic uncertainties. This, in turn, could improve the precision and accuracy of the RDTs, which could be of great benefit for locations where an exact knowledge of the transverse coupling or other RDTs is important. We present the development of a new method to reconstruct the particle’s momentum that uses a statistical analysis of several nearby BPMs. The improved precision is demonstrated via simulations of LHC and HL-LHC lattices.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK032

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Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 23 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 23 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 27 June 2022

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MOPOTK035

Beam-Based Diagnostics of Electric Guide Fields and Lattice Parameters for Run-1 of the Muon g-2 Storage Ring at Fermilab

storage-ring, detector, experiment, dipole

531

D.A. Tarazona, M. Berz, K. Makino
MSU, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
J.D. Crnkovic, M.J. Syphers
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
K.S. Khaw
Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
J. Mott
BUphy, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
J. Price
The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
M.J. Syphers
Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, USA
D.A. Tarazona
Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
V. Tishchenko
BNL, Upton, New York, USA

Funding: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab) resources, a US DoE, Office of Science, HEP User Facility. Fermilab is managed by Fermi Research Alliance under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359.
A portion of the Muon g-2 Storage Ring electric system, which provides vertical beam focusing, exhibited an unexpected time dependence that produced a characteristic evolution of the stored beam during Run-1 of the Muon g-2 Experiment at Fermilab (E989). A method to reconstruct the Run-1 electric guide fields has been developed, which is based on a numerical model of the muon storage ring and optimization algorithms supported by COSY INFINITY. This method takes beam profile measurements from the Muon g-2 straw tracking detectors as input, and it produces a full reconstruction of the time-dependent fields. The fields can then be used for the reproduction of detailed beam tracking simulations and the calculation of ring lattice parameters for acceptance studies and systematic error evaluations.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK035

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Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 23 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 25 June 2022

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MOPOTK036

Studies of the Vertical Excursion Fixed Field Alternating Gradient Accelerator

closed-orbit, quadrupole, optics, simulation

535

M.E. Topp-Mugglestone, S.L. Sheehy
JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom
J.-B. Lagrange, S. Machida
STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom

The Vertical Excursion Fixed Field Alternating Gradient Accelerator (VFFA) concept offers a number of advantages over existing accelerator archetypes, as discussed in previous works. However, the VFFA has nonplanar orbits by design and unavoidable transverse coupling. Hence, current understanding of the dynamics of this machine is limited; this paper presents some in-depth study of its behaviour using a combination of analytical and numerical techniques.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK036

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Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 15 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 20 June 2022

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MOPOTK037

Impact of Insertion Devices on Diamond-II Lattice

optics, insertion, insertion-device, emittance

539

B. Singh, R.T. Fielder, H. Ghasem, J. Kallestrup, I.P.S. Martin, T. Olsson
DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom

Funding: DLS ltd
The DIAMOND-II lattice is based on the ESRF-EBS cell, with the centre dipole replaced by a (chromatic) mid-straight, and a -I transformer, higher order achromat (HOA) & dispersion bumps to control the nonlinear dynamics. The majority of insertion devices currently on operation in Diamond will be either retained or upgraded as part of the Diamond-II program, and the new mid straights allow the total number of ID beamlines to be increased from 28 to 36.Therefore, it is important to investigate how IDs will affect the emittance, energy spread and linear and nonlinear beam dynamics. The kickmap approach has been used to model all IDs, including APPLE-II and APPLE-II Knot with active shim wires. In this paper, the outcome of these investigations will be presented and discussed.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK037

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Received ※ 04 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 30 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 07 July 2022

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MOPOTK050

Linac Optics Optimization with Multi-Objective Optimization

linac, optics, quadrupole, controls

572

I. Neththikumara, T. Satogata
ODU, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
R.M. Bodenstein, S.A. Bogacz, T. Satogata
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
A. Vandenhoeke
ULB, Bruxelles, Belgium

Funding: This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-06OR23177.
The beamline design of recirculating linacs requires special attention to avoid beam instabilities due to RF wakefields. A proposed high-energy, multi-pass energy recovery demonstration at CEBAF uses a low beam current. Stronger focusing at lower energies is necessary to avoid beam breakup(BBU) instabilities, even with this small beam current. The CEBAF linac optics optimization balances over-focusing at higher energies and beta excursions at lower energies. Using proper mathematical expressions, linac optics optimization can be achieved with evolutionary algorithms. Here, we present the optimization process of North Linac optics using multi-objective optimization.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK050

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Received ※ 31 May 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 10 July 2022

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MOPOTK055

Designing Linear Lattices for Round Beam in Electron Storage Rings Using SLIM

resonance, coupling, emittance, quadrupole

592

Y. Li, R.S. Rainer
BNL, Upton, New York, USA

Funding: This research used resources of the NSLS-II, a U.S. DOE Office of Science User Facility operated for the DOE Office ofScience by Brookhaven National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-SC0012704.
For some synchrotron light source beamline applications, a round beam is preferable to a flat one. A conventional method of obtaining round beam in an electron storage ring is to shift its tune close to a linear difference resonance. The linearly coupled beam dynamics is analyzed with perturbation theories, which have certain limitations. In this paper, we adopt the Solution by LInear Matrices (SLIM) analysis to calculate exact beam sizes to design round beam lattices. The SLIM analysis can deal with a generally linearly coupled accelerator lattice. The effects of various coupling sources on beam emittances and sizes can be studied within a self-consistent frame. Both the on- and off-resonance schemes to obtain round beams are explained with examples. Commonly used radiator devices, such as planar wigglers and undulators, can be incorporated.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK055

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Received ※ 16 May 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 13 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 16 June 2022

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MOPOTK056

Data-Driven Chaos Indicator for Nonlinear Dynamics and Applications on Storage Ring Lattice Design

resonance, dynamic-aperture, storage-ring, linear-dynamics

596

Y. Li, R.S. Rainer
BNL, Upton, New York, USA
Y. Jiao, J. Wan
IHEP, People’s Republic of China
A. Liu
Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA

Funding: This research mainly used resources of the NSLS-II, a U.S. DOE Office of Science User Facility operated for the DOE Office of Science by Brookhaven National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-SC0012704.
A data-driven chaos indicator concept is introduced to characterize the degree of chaos for nonlinear dynamical systems. The indicator is represented by the prediction accuracy of surrogate models established purely from data. It provides a metric for the predictability of nonlinear motions in a given system. When using the indicator to implement a tune-scan for a quadratic Henon map, the main resonances and their asymmetric stop-band widths can be identified. When applied to particle transportation in a storage ring, as particle motion becomes more chaotic, its surrogate model prediction accuracy decreases correspondingly. Therefore, the prediction accuracy, acting as a chaos indicator, can be used directly as the objective for nonlinear beam dynamics optimization. This method provides a different perspective on nonlinear beam dynamics and an efficient method for nonlinear lattice optimization. Applications in dynamic aperture optimization are demonstrated as real world examples.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK056

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Received ※ 16 May 2022 — Accepted ※ 12 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 03 July 2022

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MOPOMS034

Material Normal Energy Distribution for Field Emission Analyses From Monocrystalline Surfaces

electron, vacuum, framework, cathode

713

J.I. Mann, Y. Li, J.B. Rosenzweig
UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
T. Arias, J.K. Nangoi
Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA

Funding: National Science Foundation Grant No. PHY-1549132
Electron field emission is a complicated phenomenon which is sensitive not only to the particular material under illumination but also to the specific crystalline orientation of the surface. Summarizing the ability for a crystal to emit in a particular direction would be of great use when searching for good field emitters. In this paper we propose a material normal energy distribution which describes the ability of the bound electrons to tunnel under an intense electric field. This framework breaks a computationally expensive 3-D system down to a source distribution representation applicable for more efficient 1-D models. We use the Fowler-Nordheim framework to study the yield and MTE (mean transverse energy) from sources including gold, copper, and tungsten in both monocrystalline and polycrystalline forms. We find an increase in effective work function for field emission in the (111) direction for gold and copper associated with the Bragg plane intersections of the Fermi surface.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOMS034

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Received ※ 20 May 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 12 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 06 July 2022

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MOOPLGD2

SPS-II: A 4th Generation Synchrotron Light Source in Southeast Asia

storage-ring, synchrotron, vacuum, photon

764

P. Klysubun, S. Boonsuya, T. Chanwattana, S. Jummunt, N. Juntong, A. Kwankasem, T. Phimsen, P. Photongkam, S. Prawanta, T. Pulampong, K. Sittisard, S. Srichan, P. Sudmuang, P. Sunwong, O. Utke
SLRI, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand

Upon its completion, Siam Photon Source II (SPS-II) will be the first 4th generation synchrotron light source in Southeast Asia. The 3.0 GeV, 327.5 m storage ring based on the Double-Triple Bend Achromat lattice will have the natural emittance of 0.97 nm·rad. The storage ring includes 14 long and 14 short straight sections for insertion devices and machine subsys-tems. The beam injection will be performed by a 150 MeV linear accelerator and a full-energy concentric booster synchrotron sharing the same tunnel with the storage ring. In the first phase, there will be 7 insertion devices and 7 associated beamlines with the end sta-tions for different techniques utilizing synchrotron radiation from 80 eV to 60 keV. High-energy and high-brightness radiation generated by the new light source will serve as one of the most powerful analytical tools in the region for advanced science and technology research.

Slides MOOPLGD2 [4.168 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOOPLGD2

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Received ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 04 July 2022 — Issue date ※ 05 July 2022

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TUPOST029

Small Talk on AT

interface, factory, controls, software

918

P. Schnizer, J. Bengtsson, W. Sulaiman Khail
HZB, Berlin, Germany

Tracy 3 ’ was implemented by the 3rd author by pursuing a first principles approach, aka Hamiltonian dynamics for an on-line modeel to guide the ALS and LBL comissioning in the early 1990s. with its origin as a Hamiltonian based pascal online model used 90 ’ is the core of today’s accelerator tool box. These Hamiltonians have not been changed. Soft- ware design has evolved since then: C++ and in particular its standardisation C++11 and C++2xa. In this paper we out- line our strategy of modernisation of tracy: reorganisation of the beam dynamics library in cleanly designed modules, using well proven open-source libraries (GSL, armadillo) and so on. Furthermore, Python and Matlab Interfaces based on modern tools are being pursued. We report on the in- terface design, the status of modernisation. This project has been renamed to thor-scsi-lib and is available at Github. Collaboration’s welcome.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOST029

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Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 28 June 2022

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TUPOST031

Online Optimization of the Transfer Line from UNILAC towards SIS18 at GSI Using a Genetic Autotune Algorithm

simulation, experiment, injection, controls

922

S. Reimann
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
S. Reimann
IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany

Due to the complexity of GSI’s accelerator facilities and it’s upcoming expansion FAIR, various methods for optimizing accelerator settings are currently being studied to increase efficiency and to minimize the need for manual intervention. Besides a necessary improvement of the accelerator models, a better reproducibility of settings and the development of feedback systems, also heuristic methods are in the focus of the investigation. This work presents the results, recently achieved in optimizing the transfer line from UNILAC to SIS18 using the Autotune algorithm.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOST031

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Received ※ 18 May 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 14 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 17 June 2022

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TUPOST032

SLS 2.0, the Upgrade of the Swiss Light Source

emittance, storage-ring, injection, quadrupole

925

A. Streun
PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland

The Swiss Light Source (SLS) will be upgraded by replacing the storage ring in the existing hall in 2023–24. The SLS lattice build from 12~triple-bend arcs operating at 2.4 GeV is replaced by a 12x7-BA lattice operating at 2.7 GeV to increase hard X-ray brightness by a factor 60. The layout is constrained by the existing tunnel to 288 m circumference, nevertheless a low emittance of 158 pm is realized using longitudinal gradient and reverse bends. Dynamic aperture is sufficient to start with classical injection based on a 4-kicker bump. An upgrade path for on-axis injection with fast kickers has been implemented. Small beam pipes of 18 mm inner diameter and corresponding reduction of magnet bores, and the use of permanent magnets for all bending magnets enables a densely packed lattice and contributes most to a reduction of total power consumption of the facility by 30%.
On behalf of the SLS 2.0 Team. Technical Design Report: https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/psi/islandora/object/psi%3A39635

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOST032

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Received ※ 16 May 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 29 June 2022

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TUPOPT039

Characterization of Diamond with Buried Boron-Doped Layer Developed for Q-Switching an X-Ray Optical Cavity

cavity, FEL, laser, ECR

1097

R.A. Margraf, A. Halavanau, Z. Huang, J. Krzywiński, J.P. MacArthur, G. Marcus, M.L. Ng, A.R. Robert, R. Robles, T. Sato, D. Zhu
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
Z. Huang, F. Ke, R. Robles, Y. Zhong
Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
S.-K. Mo, Y. Zhong
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
P. Pradhan
ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
A.R. Robert
MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
M.D. Ynsa
UAM, Madrid, Spain

Funding: This work was supported by the Department of Energy, Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, under contract DE-AC02-76SF00515.
X-ray Free-Electron Laser Oscillators (XFELOs) and X-ray Regenerative Amplifier FELs (XRAFELs) are currently in development to improve longitudinal coherence and spectral brightness of XFELs. These schemes lase an electron beam in an undulator within an optical cavity to produce X-rays. X-rays circulate in the cavity and interact with fresh electron bunches to seed the FEL process over multiple passes, producing progressively brighter and more spectrally pure X-rays. Typically, the optical cavities used are composed of Bragg-reflecting mirrors to provide high reflectivity and spectral filtering. This high reflectivity necessitates special techniques to out-couple X-rays from the cavity to deliver them to users. One method involves "Q-switching" the cavity by actively modifying the reflectivity of one Bragg-reflecting crystal. To control the crystal lattice constant and thus reflectivity, we use an infrared laser to heat a buried boron layer in a diamond crystal. Here, we build on earlier work in Krzywinski et al.* and present the current status of our Q-switching diamond, including implantation with 9 MeV boron ions, annealing, characterization and early tests.
*Krzywinski et al., "Q-switching of X-Ray Optical Cavities by using Boron Doped Buried Layer under a Surface of a Diamond Crystal," Proceedings of FEL2019, Hamburg, Germany, TUP033, 2019.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOPT039

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Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 15 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 08 July 2022

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TUPOPT064

Online Optimization of NSLS-II Dynamic Aperture and Injection Transient

injection, kicker, timing, sextupole

1159

X. Yang, B. Bacha, S. Buda, C. Danneil, A.A. Derbenev, D.J. Durfee, K. Ha, Y. Hidaka, Y. Hu, Y. Li, D. Padrazo Jr, F. Plassard, T.V. Shaftan, V.V. Smaluk, Y. Tian, G.M. Wang, L.H. Yu
BNL, Upton, New York, USA

The goal of the NSLS-II online optimization project is to improve the beam quality for the user experiments. To increase the beam lifetime and injection efficiency, we have developed a model-independent online optimization of nonlinear beam dynamics using advanced algorithms, such as Robust Conjugate-Gradient Algorithm (RCDS). The optimization objective is the injection efficiency and optimization variables are the sextupole magnet strengths. Using the online optimization technique, we increased the NSLS-II dynamic aperture and reduced the amplitude-dependent tune shift. Recently, the sextupole optimization was successfully applied to double the injection efficiency up to above 90% for the high-chromaticity lattice being developed to improve the beam stability and to in-crease the single-bunch beam intensity. Minimizing the beam perturbation during injection is the second objective in this project, realized by online optimization of the injection kickers. To optimize the full set of kicker parameters, including the trigger timing, amplitude, and pulse width, we upgraded all kicker power supplies with the capability of tunable waveform width. As a result, we have reduced the injection transient by a factor of 29, down to the limit of 60 um.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOPT064

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Received ※ 18 May 2022 — Revised ※ 11 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 12 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 16 June 2022

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TUPOMS001

Conceptual Design of a Future Australian Light Source

synchrotron, storage-ring, emittance, operation

1381

R.T. Dowd, M.P. Atkinson, R. Auchettl, W.J. Chi, Y.E. Tan, D. Zhu, K. Zingre
AS - ANSTO, Clayton, Australia

ANSTO currently operates the Australian Synchrotron, a 3 GeV, 3rd generation light source that begun user operations in 2007. The Australian synchrotron is now halfway through its expected life span and we have begun planning the next light source facility that will eventually replace it. This paper describes the conceptual design of an entirely new light source facility for Australia, which makes use of the latest advances in compact acceleration technology and 4th generation lattices.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOMS001

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Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 26 June 2022

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TUPOMS004

TDR Baseline Lattice for the Upgrade of SOLEIL

emittance, injection, synchrotron, coupling

1393

A. Loulergue, D. Amorim, O.R. Blanco-García, P. Brunelle, W. Foosang, A. Gamelin, A. Nadji, L.S. Nadolski, R. Nagaoka, R. Ollier, M.-A. Tordeux
SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette, France

Previous CDR studies for the SOLEIL Upgrade project have converged towards a lattice alternating 7BA and 4BA HOA type cells providing a low natural horizontal emittance value in the 80 pm.rad range at an energy of 2.75 GeV. This lattice adapts to the current tunnel geometry as well as to preserve as much as possible the present beamline positions. The TDR lattice is an evolution of the CDR one including longer short straight sections, better relative magnet positioning, and the replacement quadrupole triplets by quadruplets for improving flexibility of optics matching in straight section. The SOLEIL upgrade TDR lattice is then composed of 20 HOA cells with a two-fold symmetry, and provides 20 straight sections having four different lengths of 3.0, 4.2, 8.0, and 8.2 m. This paper reports the linear and the non-linear beam dynamic optimization based on intense MOGA investigations, mainly to improve the energy acceptance required to keep a large enough Touschek beam lifetime. Some future directions for performance improvement are discussed.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOMS004

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Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 10 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 23 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 30 June 2022

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TUPOMS005

SOLEIL Machine Status and Upgrade

injection, photon, synchrotron, vacuum

1397

L.S. Nadolski, G. Abeillé, Y.-M. Abiven, F. Bouvet, P. Brunelle, N. Béchu, M.-E. Couprie, X. Delétoille, S. Duigou, A. Gamelin, C. Herbeaux, N. Hubert, M. Labat, J.-F. Lamarre, V. Le Roux, A. Lestrade, A. Loulergue, O. Marcouillé, F. Marteau, A. Nadji, R. Nagaoka, M. Nouna, Y. Rahier, F. Ribeiro, G. Schaguene, K. Tavakoli, M.-A. Tordeux
SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
S. Ducourtieux
LNE, Trappes Cedex, France

SOLEIL is both a 2.75 GeV third generation synchrotron light source and a research laboratory at the forefront of experimental techniques dedicated to matter analysis down to the atomic scale, as well as a service platform open to all scientific and industrial communities. We present the performance of the accelerators delivering extremely stable photon beams to 29 beamlines. We report on the commissioning of a superbend magnet replacing a standard 1.71T dipole with a 2.84 T narrow peak permanent magnet-based dipole. It required local modification of the lattice to compensate linear and nonlinear optics distortions introduced by the new magnet field. The latest measurements made with a Multipole Injection Kicker are also reported. Work on the NEG test bench and its dedicated front-end for a 10 mm inner diameter vacuum pipe and other major R&D areas are also addressed in the frame of the SOLEIL upgrade.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOMS005

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Received ※ 10 June 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 30 June 2022

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TUPOMS006

FILO: A New Application to Correct Optics in the ESRF-EBS Storage Ring

optics, SRF, quadrupole, operation

1401

S.M. Liuzzo, N. Carmignani, L.R. Carver, L. Farvacque, L. Hoummi, T.P. Perron, B. Roche, B. Vedder, S.M. White
ESRF, Grenoble, France

A new optics correction application (Fit and Improvement of Linear Optics, FILO) was designed and set in place for the ESRF-EBS storage ring. The widely used software LOCO* is not available at ESRF and despite a few trials to set it in operation, it has been decided to write a new code. The application is flexible, may be used via the control system simulators and is adapted to a user friendly operation thanks to a wizard mode. Some features of LOCO are copied over, some others are yet to be implemented. The measurement of on and off-energy response matrices using slow or fast steerers is integrated in the same application. Results obtained with this application are presented together with an overview of the future developments.
*J Safranek, Experimental determination of storage ring optics using orbit response measurements, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9002(97)00309-4

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOMS006

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Received ※ 19 May 2022 — Revised ※ 10 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 14 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 15 June 2022

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TUPOMS007

A Long Booster Option for the ESRF-EBS 6 GeV Storage Ring

booster, SRF, injection, storage-ring

1405

S.M. Liuzzo, N. Carmignani, L.R. Carver, L. Hoummi, T.P. Perron, S.M. White
ESRF, Grenoble, France

Despite the several fruitful upgrades undergone, the present injector complex of the ESRF-EBS has a rather large horizontal natural emittance at extraction of >60nmrad. Several light sources (SLS, ALBA, SIRIUS) have adopted booster injectors fitting in the same tunnel as the main SR. The study of such an injector is shown in this paper for the ESRF-EBS. The proposed solution is based on a DBA lattice structure with 5 quadrupole families and 2 sextupole families. The possibility to install this long booster on the internal wall of the ESRF storage ring tunnel is assessed and the adequate distances are analyzed. The possibility to keep the existing injector is also considered in order to use this additional ring as an accumulator ring. Injection and extraction schemes are described.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOMS007

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Received ※ 19 May 2022 — Revised ※ 09 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 14 June 2022

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TUPOMS008

Lifetime Correction Using Fast-Off-Energy Response Matrix Measurements

sextupole, simulation, optics, operation

1409

S.M. Liuzzo, N. Carmignani, L.R. Carver, L. Hoummi, T.P. Perron, B. Roche, S.M. White
ESRF, Grenoble, France

Following the measurements done at MAX-IV * we try to exploit for the ESRF-EBS Storage Ring (SR) off-energy response matrix measurement for the optimization of Touschek lifetime. The measurements performed with fast AC steerers on- and off-energy are analyzed and fitted producing an effective model including quadrupole and sextupole errors. Several alternatives to extrapolate sextupoles strengths for correction are compared in terms of lifetime. For the time being none of the corrections could produce better lifetime than the existing empirically optimized set of sextupoles.
*D.Olsson et al., Nonlinear optics from off-energy closed orbits, 10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.23.102803

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOMS008

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Received ※ 19 May 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 16 June 2022

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TUPOMS010

BESSY III Status Report and Lattice Design Process

sextupole, emittance, HOM, radiation

1417

P. Goslawski, M. Abo-Bakr, M. Arlandoo, J. Bengtsson, K. Holldack, A. Jankowiak, B.C. Kuske, A. Meseck, M.K. Sauerborn, M. Titze, J. Viefhaus, J. Völker
HZB, Berlin, Germany

Funding: Work supported by German Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, Land Berlin, and grants of Helmholtz Association.
Since 2020 a detailed discussion about a BESSY~II successor is ongoing at HZB and its user community in order to define the science and layout of the new facility. Still free locations close to BESSY~II have triggered a discussion about a greenfield project, but in-house upgrade solutions have also been investigated. As an additional boundary condition, BESSY~III has to meet the requirement of the Physikalische Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) for radiation sources for metrology applications and bending magnet sources for tender X-rays. A Conceptional Design Report is in preparation. Here, we give a status report including a first parameter space, technical specifications and a first candidate for the linear lattice.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOMS010

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Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 25 June 2022

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TUPOMS014

PETRA IV Storage Ring Design

emittance, insertion, damping, insertion-device

1431

I.V. Agapov, S.A. Antipov, R. Bartolini, R. Brinkmann, Y.-C. Chae, D. Einfeld, T. Hellert, M. Hüning, M.A. Jebramcik, J. Keil, C. Li, R. Wanzenberg
DESY, Hamburg, Germany

PETRA IV will be a diffraction-limited 6 GeV synchrotron light source with an emittance of 20 pm rad at DESY Hamburg. The TDR phase is nearing completion, and the lattice design is being finalised. The lattice will be based on the six-bend achromat cell with extensive use of damping wigglers. The key challenges of the lattice design are finding the balance between emittance minimisation and non-linear beam dynamics performance, and adapting the lattice to a collider-type tunnel geometry of the PETRA facility, with the long straight sections and low degree of superperiodicity. We present the lattice design and the beam physics aspects, focusing on the beam dynamics performance and optimisation, and the projected beam parameters taking collective effects and lattice imperfections into account.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOMS014

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Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 26 June 2022

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TUPOMS018

Error Analysis and Commissioning Simulation for the PETRA-IV Storage Ring

simulation, MMI, optics, storage-ring

1442

T. Hellert, I.V. Agapov, S.A. Antipov, R. Bartolini, R. Brinkmann, Y.-C. Chae, D. Einfeld, M.A. Jebramcik, J. Keil
DESY, Hamburg, Germany

The upgrade of the PETRA-III storage ring into a diffraction limited synchrotron radiation source is nearing the end of its detailed technical design phase. We present a preliminary commissioning simulation for PETRA-IV demonstrating that the final corrected machines meet the performance design goals.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOMS018

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Received ※ 10 June 2022 — Revised ※ 10 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 15 June 2022

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TUPOMS027

ALBA II Acelerator Upgrade Project

emittance, storage-ring, cavity, injection

1467

F. Pérez, I. Bellafont, G. Benedetti, J. Campmany, M. Carlà, J.J. Casas, C. Colldelram, F.F.B. Fernández, J.C. Giraldo, T.F. Günzel, U. Iriso, J. Marcos, Z. Martí, V. Massana, R. Muñoz Horta, M. Pont, L. Ribó, P. Solans, L. Torino
ALBA-CELLS Synchrotron, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain

ALBA is working on the upgrade project that shall transform the actual storage ring, in operation since 2012, into a 4th generation light source, in which the soft X-rays part of the spectrum shall be diffraction limited. The project has been officially launched in 2021 and a White Paper presenting the main concepts of the upgrade has been published in Spring 2022. The storage ring upgrade is based on a 6BA lattice which has to comply with several constraints imposed by the decision of maintaining the same circumference (269 m), the same number of cells (16), the same beam energy (3 GeV), and as many of the source points as possible unperturbed. The lattice optimization has achieved an emittance of 140 pm.rad, which is a factor 30 smaller than that of the existing ring, but with an array compactness that presents technological challenges for the magnets, vacuum, diagnostics, RF systems and injection elements designs that are being investigated through an intensive R&D program.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOMS027

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Received ※ 06 June 2022 — Revised ※ 10 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 23 June 2022

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TUPOMS032

Performance of the Diamond-II Storage Ring Collimators

injection, scattering, storage-ring, collimation

1487

H. Ghasem, J. Kallestrup, I.P.S. Martin
DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom

Particle losses in a storage ring are unavoidable and it is very important to capture them and protect the machine from any possible damage. For this purpose, 6 collimators have been introduced in the Diamond-II storage ring lattice. This paper describes the main layout of the collimators with their corresponding impact and performance.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOMS032

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Received ※ 06 June 2022 — Revised ※ 10 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 19 June 2022

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TUPOMS033

Diamond-II Storage Ring Developments and Performance Studies

injection, storage-ring, MMI, impedance

1491

I.P.S. Martin, H.C. Chao, R.T. Fielder, H. Ghasem, J. Kallestrup, T. Olsson, B. Singh, S.W. Wang
DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom

The Diamond-II project includes a replacement of the existing double-bend achromat storage ring with a modified hybrid 6-bend achromat, doubling the number of straight sections and increasing the photon beam brightness by up to two orders of magnitude*. The design and performance characterisation of the new storage ring has continued to progress, including a switch to an aperture-sharing injection scheme, freezing the magnet layout, studying the impact of IDs, developing a commissioning procedure and investigating collective effects. In this paper we present an overview of these studies, including final performance estimates.
*Diamond-II Technical Design Report, Diamond Light Source Ltd.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOMS033

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Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 24 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 27 June 2022

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TUPOMS034

Tunability and Alternative Optics for the Diamond-II Storage Ring

emittance, radiation, brilliance, brightness

1495

H. Ghasem, I.P.S. Martin, B. Singh
DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom

When defining the magnet specifications, a key consideration is that the hardware should be flexible enough to allow some contingency for future tuning requirements or for alternative lattice solutions to be implemented. To define the required tunability of the magnets, we have investigated two lattice solutions for the Diamond-II storage ring upgrade, one with reduced beta functions at the straight sections for improved matching to the photon beam and one with an ultra-low emittance of 87 pm with IDs. In this paper, the linear and nonlinear beam dynamic issues as well as the photon beam brightness for these two options will be presented and discussed.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOMS034

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Received ※ 06 June 2022 — Revised ※ 11 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 13 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 25 June 2022

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TUPOMS036

Commissioning of the Lower Emittance Lattice at SPEAR3

emittance, septum, operation, simulation

1502

K. Tian, W.J. Corbett, S.M. Gierman, X. Huang, J. Kim, J.B. Langton, NL. Parry, J.A. Safranek, J.J. Sebek, M. Song, Z. Zhang
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA

SPEAR3, commissioned in 2004, is a third generation light source at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. The low emittance lattice with an emittance of 10 nm had been operated for over a decade until the recent commission of the new lower emittance lattice with 7 nm emittance. The new lattice, based on the same double-bend achromat lattice, has pushed toward the design limit of such type of lattice in SPEAR3. In this paper, we will elaborate our commissioning experience for the new lattice in SPEAR3.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOMS036

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Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 13 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 29 June 2022

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WEOXGD3

An Alternative Design for BEPCII Upgrade

cavity, survey, positron, emittance

1591

H. Geng, J. Xing, C.H. Yu, Y. Zhang
IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China

The Beijing Electron Positron Collider II (BEPCII) has achieved a series of achievements in high energy physics study. Along with the deepening of the research, more important physics is expected in higher energy region (>2.1 GeV). As the upper limit of BEPCII design energy is 2.1 GeV, an urgent upgrade is required for BEPCII. To achieve a higher luminosity at higher energy, the number of RF cavities is expected to be doubled. The baseline design which kept the survey of the North Collision Region (NCR) unchanged for the upgrade of BEPCII has been studied in previous work. In this paper, we show an alternative design that modifies the survey of NCR, but enables the online maintenance of both RF cavities in each ring of BEPCII. The dynamic aperture tracking result shows that the lattice could meet the injection requirement of BEPCII beam with reasonable margin.

Slides WEOXGD3 [3.761 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEOXGD3

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Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 16 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 04 July 2022 — Issue date ※ 10 July 2022

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WEOZSP4

Full Coupling Studies at ALBA

coupling, emittance, simulation, operation

1667

Z. Martí, G. Benedetti, M. Carlà, U. Iriso, L. Torino
ALBA-CELLS Synchrotron, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain

As other low emittance machine upgrades ALBA-II proposal considers operating in full coupling. In such configuration the horizontal emittance is further reduced while the lifetime is increased at the price of working close to equal fractional tunes. This mode of operation has not been adopted by any existing light source to date, and it presents a few disadvantages, like the optics degradation, injection efficiency reduction and beam size stability. In this paper the above mentioned difficulties are studied for the present ALBA storage ring in full coupling conditions.

Slides WEOZSP4 [1.694 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEOZSP4

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Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 22 June 2022

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WEPOST011

Studies on Top-Up Injection into the FCC-ee Collider Ring

injection, kicker, optics, collider

1699

P.J. Hunchak, M.J. Boland
CLS, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
M. Aiba
PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
W. Bartmann, Y. Dutheil, M. Hofer, R.L. Ramjiawan, F. Zimmermann
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
M.J. Boland
University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada

In order to maximize the luminosity production time in the FCC-ee, top-up injection will be employed. The positron and electron beams will be accelerated to the collision energy in the booster ring before being injected with either a small transverse or longitudinal separation to the stored beam. Using this scheme essentially keeps the beam current constant and, apart from a brief period during the injection process, collision data can be continuously acquired. Two top-up injection schemes, each with on- and off-momentum sub-schemes, viable for FCC-ee have been identified in the past and are studied in further detail to find a suitable design for each of the four operation modes of the FCC-ee. In this paper, injection straight optics, initial injection tracking studies and the effect on the stored beam are presented. Additionally, a basic proxy error lattice is introduced as a first step to studying injection into an imperfect machine.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOST011

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Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 19 June 2022

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WEPOPT011

Modelling FCC-ee Using MADX

solenoid, emittance, radiation, quadrupole

1854

L. van Riesen-Haupt, H. Burkhardt, T.H.B. Persson, R. Tomás García
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland

We present the latest developments for simulating FCC-ee using CERN’s MADX software. Along with updated benchmark studies, we describe how the latest MADX updates can facilitate the simulation of FCC-ee design features, including improvements in tapering and different options for implementing a tilted solenoid.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT011

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Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 08 July 2022

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WEPOPT020

Modeling RHIC Spin Tilt as Lattice Imperfections

resonance, proton, injection, HOM

1884

V.H. Ranjbar, E.C. Aschenauer, H. Huang, A. Marusic, F. Méot, V. Schoefer
BNL, Upton, New York, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
A tilt in the spin direction from the vertical has been observed for a number of years in the RHIC collider during store. This tilt has been extensively studied by scanning snake strengths, energies and orbital angles during the 2017 polarized proton run. Using a spin transport model, we attempt to model this spin tilt by fitting all the relevant data.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT020

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Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 18 June 2022

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WEPOPT026

Possibilities for Upgrading to Polarized a SuperKEKB

electron, polarization, experiment, cathode

1901

Z.J. Liptak
HU/AdSM, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan

The SuperKEKB accelerator is currently in operation in Tsukuba, Japan, with a planned long shutdown in 2026. Among the possible upgrades being considered during this period is the change to a polarized electron beam in the High Energy Ring. Such a change would require modifications in the source generation and transport, geometrical and lattice variations to provide spin rotation, and polarimetry. A Polarized SuperKEKB Working Group has been formed from members of the Belle II experiment and the SuperKEKB accelerator team to investigate the possibilities and challenges of these modifications. This presentation lays out the goals and motivations of polarizing the electron beam, considers the necessary changes to the existing accelerator and their feasibility and reports progress in investigations to this point.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT026

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Received ※ 12 June 2022 — Revised ※ 11 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 16 June 2022

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WEPOPT042

Designing the EIC Electron Storage Ring Lattice for a Wide Energy Range

solenoid, electron, dipole, quadrupole

1946

D. Marx, J.S. Berg, J.S. Berg, J. Kewisch, Y. Li, Y. Li, C. Montag, V. Ptitsyn, V. Ptitsyn, S. Tepikian, F.J. Willeke, F.J. Willeke, D. Xu
BNL, Upton, New York, USA
Y. Cai, Y.M. Nosochkov
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
B.R. Gamage, V.S. Morozov, V.S. Morozov
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
G.H. Hoffstaetter, G.H. Hoffstaetter, D. Sagan, D. Sagan, J.E. Unger
Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
V.S. Morozov
ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
M.G. Signorelli
Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC, under Contract No. DE-SC0012704, by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC, under Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177, by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725, and by SLAC under Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) will collide electrons with hadrons at center-of-mass energies up to 140 GeV (in the case of electron-proton collisions). A 3.8-kilometer electron storage ring is being designed, which will store electrons with a range of energies up to 18 GeV for collisions at one or two interaction points. At energies up to 10 GeV the arcs will be tuned to provide 60 degree phase advance per cell in both planes, whereas at top energy of 18 GeV a 90 degree phase advance per cell will be used, which largely compensates for the horizontal emittance increase with energy. The optics must be matched at three separate energies, and the different phase-advance requirements in both the arc cells and the straight sections make this challenging. Moreover, the spin rotators must fulfill requirements for polarization and spin matching at widely different energies while satisfying technical constraints. In this paper these challenges and proposed solutions are presented and discussed.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT042

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Received ※ 16 May 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 25 June 2022

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WEPOPT043

Dynamic Aperture of the EIC Electron Storage Ring

sextupole, optics, quadrupole, electron

1950

Y.M. Nosochkov, Y. Cai
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
J.S. Berg, J. Kewisch, Y. Li, D. Marx, C. Montag, S. Tepikian, H. Witte
BNL, Upton, New York, USA
G.H. Hoffstaetter, J.E. Unger
Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA

Funding: Work supported by the Department of Energy Contract DE-AC02-76SF00515, by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract DE-SC0012704, and by the Ernest Courant Traineeship in Accelerator Science and Technology Award No. DE-SC0020375.
The Electron Ion Collider (EIC) is under design at Brookhaven National Laboratory. The EIC aims at providing high luminosity and high polarization collisions for a large range of beam energies. Dynamic aperture (DA) of the EIC Electron Storage Ring (ESR) must be sufficiently large in both transverse and momentum dimensions. The latter is a challenge due to low-beta optics in up to two interaction regions (IR). We have developed an advanced technique for efficient non-linear chromaticity compensation compatible with the different ESR lattice configurations at different energies. The solution for the most challenging lattice with two IRs at 18 GeV is presented. The lattice is then evaluated with magnet errors, where the error tolerances are determined for reaching the desired DA.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT043

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Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 01 July 2022

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WEPOTK007

Simulating Quasi-Integrable Optics with Space Charge in the IBEX Paul Trap

octupole, space-charge, experiment, resonance

2040

J.A.D. Flowerdew
University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
D.J. Kelliher, S. Machida, S.L. Sheehy
STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom

Funding: Royal Society
The intensity frontier has called for new initiatives in hadron accelerator design in order to accommodate space charge dominated beams. Octupoles are often used to damp beam instabilities caused by space charge, however the insertion of octupole magnets leads to a nonintegrable lattice which reduces the area of stable particle motion. One proposed solution is Quasi-Integrable optics (QIO), where the octupoles are inserted between sections of a specific lattice insertion called a T-insert. An octupole with a strength that scales as 1/beta³(s) is applied in the drift region, where the horizontal and vertical beta functions are equal, to create a time independent octupole field. This leads to a lattice with a time-independent Hamiltonian which is robust to small perturbations. IBEX is a Paul trap which allows the transverse dynamics of a collection of trapped particles to be studied, mimicking the propagation through multiple quadrupole lattice periods, whilst remaining stationary in the laboratory frame. In order to test QIO at the IBEX experiment, it has recently undergone an upgrade to allow for the creation of octupole fields. We present our design of the IBEX experiment upgrade along with simulation results of our proposed experiment to test QIO with space charge.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOTK007

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Received ※ 19 May 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 18 June 2022

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WEPOTK058

Experimental Study of the Transverse Mode Coupling Instability with Space-Charge at the CERN SPS

space-charge, emittance, simulation, experiment

2193

X. Buffat, H. Bartosik
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland

Past studies on the Transverse Mode Coupling Instability (TMCI) suggested that it can be suppressed in the presence of space-charge forces. Recent developments in this field show that for higher strength, space-charge forces leads to other types of instabilities. We investigate the characteristics of these instabilities by means of stability threshold measurements at the CERN SPS for various intensities, longitudinal and transverse emittances. These observations are compared to numerical tracking simulations.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOTK058

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Received ※ 03 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 18 June 2022

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WEPOTK061

Lattice Design of the UVSOR_IV Storage Ring

emittance, storage-ring, electron, dynamic-aperture

2205

E. Salehi, M. Fujimoto, M. Katoh, Y. Taira
UVSOR, Okazaki, Japan
L. Guo
Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
M. Katoh
HSRC, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan

We are designing a storage ring lattice for the future plan of UVSOR. As a candidate, we have designed a storage ring of 1 GeV electron energy, which is higher than the present value, 750 MeV. The magnetic lattice is based on a compact double bend achromat cell, which consists of two bending magnets and four focusing magnets, all of which are of combined function. The circumference is around 82.5 m. The emittance is around 4 nm in the achromatic condition, which becomes lower in the non-achromatic condition. The lattice of 6-fold symmetry has six straight sections of 4 m long and six of 1.5 m long. Undulators can radiate nearly diffraction-limited light in VUV. If we install high field multipole wiggler at the short straight sections, they can provide high flux tender X-rays. We are expecting the usage of a laser-based accelerator as the injector, which might be developed in the next decade. As an alternative plan, we have designed a traditional injector, which consists of a linear accelerator and a booster synchrotron and can be constructed inside of the storage ring.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOTK061

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Received ※ 20 May 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 13 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 30 June 2022

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WEPOMS011

Single Bunch Instability Studies with a New Impedance Database for Diamond-II

impedance, cavity, database, synchrotron

2257

R.T. Fielder, H.C. Chao, S.W. Wang
DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom

We present an updated impedance database for the Diamond-II storage ring, along with an analysis of single bunch instabilities and thresholds based on particle tracking simulations using Elegant. Various cases with different chromaticity, insertion device parameters and harmonic cavity settings are studied, and the effects on the microwave instability, bunch lengthening and phase shifts are simulated and compared with analytic formulae. Preliminary results show that the single-bunch instability thresholds are above requirements for a uniform fill, and with inclusion of a harmonic cavity the longitudinal and transverse instability thresholds can also satisfy requirements for a hybrid fill.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOMS011

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Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 22 June 2022

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WEPOMS019

Beam-Beam Resonance Widths in the HL-LHC, and Reduction by Phasing of Interaction Points

resonance, interaction-region, betatron, luminosity

2280

Y.L. Gao, S.R. Koscielniak
TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada

Beam-beam interactions are a limiting factor in the planned high luminosity (HL) upgrade to the Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC). Over the two main interaction regions of the LHC, a particle experiences two head-on and over a hundred long-range beam-beam interactions which drive betatron resonances in the system. Each resonance line in the space of horizontal and vertical tunes has a finite (non-zero) lock-on width. If the particles tunes fall within this width, they will eventually lock on to the resonance and be driven to large amplitude. We show that it is possible to reduce the resonances widths of a given order by using specific values of the phase advance between interaction points. This paper presents the derivation of resonance width for the weak-strong beam-beam effect, as an extension of A.Chaos width formulae for magnetic sextupoles. (A Lie-algebraic approach is used to combine the effect of the individual beam-beam impulses.) The paper then studies the lock-on width arising from two interaction regions containing 140 beam-beam impulses, and shows the cancellation of specific resonances by relative phasing of interaction points in the HL-LHC lattice.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOMS019

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Received ※ 27 May 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 22 June 2022

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WEPOMS030

A Path-Length Stability Experiment for Optical Stochastic Cooling at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring

experiment, radiation, storage-ring, dipole

2311

S.J. Levenson, M.B. Andorf, I.V. Bazarov, V. Khachatryan, J.M. Maxson, D.L. Rubin, S. Wang
Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA

Funding: This work was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Award PHY-1549132, the Center for Bright Beams and NYSTAR award C150153.
To achieve sufficient particle delay with respect to the optical path in order to enable high gain amplification, the design of the Optical Stochastic Cooling (OSC) experiment in the Cornell Electron Storage Ring (CESR) places the pickup (PU) and kicker (KU) undulators approximately 80 m apart. The arrival times at the KU of particles and the light they produce in the PU must be synchronized to an accuracy of less than an optical wavelength, which for this experiment is 780 nm. To test this synchronization, a planned demonstration of the stability of the bypass in CESR is presented where, in lieu of undulators, an interference pattern formed with radiation from two dipoles flanking the bypass is used. In addition to demonstrating stability, the fringe visibility of the pattern is related to the cooling ranges, a critical parameter needed for OSC. We present progress on this stabilization experiment including the design of a second-order isochronous bypass, as well as optimizations of the Dynamic Aperture (DA) and injection efficiency.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOMS030

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Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 17 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 23 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 26 June 2022

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WEPOMS043

UFO, a GPU Code Tailored Toward MBA Lattice Optimization

GPU, electron, simulation, optics

2346

M. Carlà, M. Canals
ALBA-CELLS Synchrotron, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain

The complexity of multi-bend achromatic optics is such that computational tools performance has become a dominant factor in the design process a last generation synchrotron light source. To relieve the problem a new code (UFO) tailored toward performance was developed to assist the design of the ALBA-II optics. Two main strategies contribute to the performance of UFO: the execution flow follows a data parallel paradigm, well suited for GPU execution; the use of a just-in-time compiler allows to simplify the computation whenever the lattice allows for it. At the core of UFO lies a parallel tracking routine structured for parallel simulation of optics which differs in some parameters, such as magnet strength or alignment, but retains the same element order, reflecting the scenario found in optimization processes, or when dealing with magnetic or alignment errors. Such an approach allows to take advantage of GPUs which yield the best performance when running thousands of parallel threads. Moreover UFO is not limited to tracking. A few modules that rely on the same tracking routine allow for the fast computation of dynamic and momentum aperture, closed orbit and linear optics.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOMS043

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Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 16 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 19 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 21 June 2022

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WEPOMS046

Machine Learning-Based Modeling of Muon Beam Ionization Cooling

emittance, simulation, target, collider

2354

E. Fol, D. Schulte
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
C.T. Rogers
STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom

Surrogate modeling can lead to significant improvements of beam dynamics simulations in terms of computational time and resources. Application of supervised machine learning, using collected simulation data allows to build surrogate models which can estimate beam parameters evolution based on the provided cooling channel design. The created models help to understand the correlations between different lattice components and the importance of specific beam properties for the cooling performance. We present the application of surrogate modeling to enhance final muon cooling design studies, demonstrating the potential of such approach to be integrated into the design and optimization of other components of future colliders.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOMS046

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Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 28 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 04 July 2022 — Issue date ※ 05 July 2022

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WEPOMS051

Spin Matching for the EIC’s Electrons

polarization, emittance, electron, storage-ring

2369

M.G. Signorelli
Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
J.A. Crittenden, G.H. Hoffstaetter
Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
J. Kewisch
BNL, Upton, New York, USA

The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory will provide spin-polarized collisions of electron and protons or light ion beams. In order to maximize the electron polarization and require less frequent beam re-injections to restore the polarization level, the stochastic depolarizing effects of synchrotron radiation must be minimized via spin matching. In this study, Bmad was used to perform first order spin matching in the Electron Storage Ring (ESR) of the EIC. Spin matches were obtained for the rotator systems and for a vertical chicane, inserted as a vertical emittance creator. Monte Carlo spin tracking with radiation was then performed to analyze the effects of the spin matching on the polarization.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOMS051

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Received ※ 31 May 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 13 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 05 July 2022

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WEPOMS052

Impacts of an ATS Lattice on EIC Dynamic Aperture

sextupole, electron, optics, collider

2373

J.E. Unger, J.A. Crittenden, G.H. Hoffstaetter
Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
D. Marx
BNL, Upton, New York, USA

The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) project at Brookhaven National Laboratory has explored strategies for increasing the energy aperture of the Electron Storage Ring (ESR) to meet the goal of 1\% for the 90 degree lattice at 18 GeV. Current strategies use a four sextupole family per arc correction scheme to increase the energy aperture and to keep the transverse aperture sufficiently large as well. A scheme called Achromatic Telescopic Squeezing (ATS), first introduced for the Large Hadron Collider, introduces a beta-beat into select arcs, allowing dynamic aperture optimizations with different sextupole strengths. The ATS scheme’s mix of some higher beta-function and some lower sextupole strengths in the arcs has the potential to increase the energy aperture. Basic chromatic corrections and numeric optimizations were used to compare the ATS optics to a non-ATS scheme. In all cases, the ATS scheme performed similarly or better than the more common schemes. However, this increase in energy aperture from the ATS optics also has negative effects, such as an increase in emittance which poses complications for the current ESR design.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOMS052

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Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 05 July 2022

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WEPOMS056

Spin Matching and Monte-Carlo Simulation of Radiative Spin Depolarization in e⁺e⁻ Storage Rings with Bmad

polarization, resonance, storage-ring, electron

2383

O. Beznosov, J.A. Ellison, K.A. Heinemann
UNM-MATH, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
D.P. Barber
DESY, Hamburg, Germany
J.A. Crittenden, G.H. Hoffstaetter, D. Sagan
Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA

Funding: This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, under Award Numbers DE-SC0018008 and DE-SC0018370.
The Bmad/Tao software toolkit has been extended to estimate the rate of radiative spin depolarization in e⁺/e⁻ storage rings. First estimates are made using the SLIM algorithm of linearized spin-orbit motion. The extension implements the effects on s-o motion of stochastic photon emission using a Monte-Carlo tracking algorithm. Spins are tracked in 3-D along particle trajectories with the aid of Taylor expansions of quaternions provided by PTC*. The efficiency of long-term tracking is guarantied by the use of a sectioning technique that was exploited in previous-generation software**. Sectioning is the construction of the deterministic s-o maps for sections between the dipoles during the initialization phase. Maps can be reused during the tracking. In a simulation for a realistic storage ring, the computational cost of initial map construction is amortized by the multi-turn tracking computational cost. The use of 1st-order terms in the quaternion expansions to construct the s-o coupling matrices in the matrices of the SLIM algorithm. These matrices are then available for an extension of the optimization facilities in Bmad to minimize depolarizing effects by spin matching.
*SLICKTRACK and SITROS
** Polymorphic Tracking Code by Etienne Forest

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOMS056

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Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 16 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 08 July 2022

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THPOST004

EIC’s Rapid Cycling Synchrotron Spin Tracking Update

polarization, emittance, resonance, electron

2439

V.H. Ranjbar, H. Lovelace III, F. Méot
BNL, Upton, New York, USA
F. Lin
ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
The Electron Ion Collider (EIC) to be built will collide polarized electrons and ions up to 140 GeV center of mass with a time averaged polarization of 70% and luminosity up to 10³⁴ cm^-2 s^-1. The EIC’s Rapid Cycling Synchrotron (RCS) will accelerate 2 polarized electrons bunches from 400 MeV to energies of 5, 10 and 18 GeV and inject them into the EIC’s Electron Storage Ring. The design of the RCS has progressed to accommodate a larger magnet free section for the detectors and to meet the space requirements of the RHIC tunnel. We present progress on full 6D spin tracking studies of the RCS with the updated lattice using the Zgoubi code to include magnet misalignments, field errors and corrections as well as radiative effects.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOST004

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Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 22 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 24 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 29 June 2022

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THPOPT001

Online Optimization of the ESRF-EBS Storage Ring Lifetime

sextupole, octupole, SRF, simulation

2552

N. Carmignani, L.R. Carver, L. Hoummi, S.M. Liuzzo, T.P. Perron, P. Raimondi, S.M. White
ESRF, Grenoble, France

In the first year of operation of the EBS storage ring, online nonlinear dynamics optimisations were performed to increase the Touschek lifetime. Several sextupole, octupole and skew quadrupole knobs have been studied in simulations and tested in the machine. A fast optimisation procedure has been defined and it is followed at each machine restart. The knobs and the optimisation procedure are described in the paper. As a result, up to 41 h Touschek lifetime in nominal multi-bunch mode have been achieved.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOPT001

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Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 21 June 2022

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THPOPT003

A First attempt at implementing TRIBs in BESSY III’s Design Lattice

resonance, sextupole, quadrupole, photon

2560

M. Arlandoo, P. Goslawski, M. Titze
HZB, Berlin, Germany

At HZB’s BESSY II and PTB’s Metrology Light Source (MLS), resonances and islands in transverse phase space are exploited in a special operation mode usually referred to as Transverse Resonance Island Buckets (TRIBs). This mode provides a second stable orbit well separated from the main orbit and one of its applications in photon science is the ultra-fast switching of the helicity of circularly polarized light pulses. In the context of the conceptual design study of BESSY III, it is under investigation how this special optics mode can be implemented in an MBA structure and how it will impact the photon source parameters. In this paper we present a preliminary attempt at implementing TRIBs in BESSY III’s design lattice, a multi-bend achromat, by breaking the symmetry of the lattice.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOPT003

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Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 15 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 20 June 2022

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THPOPT013

Emittance Reduction with the Variable Dipole for the ELETTRA 2.0 Ring

dipole, emittance, optics, damping

2586

A. Poyet, Y. Papaphilippou
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
M.A. Domínguez, F. Toral
CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain
R. Geometrante, E. Karantzoulis
Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy
R. Geometrante
KYMA, Trieste, Italy

ELETTRA is a 2/2.4 GeV third-generation electron storage ring, located near Trieste, Italy. In view of a substantial increase of the machine performance in terms of brilliance, the so-called ELETTRA 2.0 upgrade is currently on-going. This upgrade is based on a 6-bends achromat, four dipoles of which having a longitudinally variable field. So far, those dipoles are foreseen to provide a field with a two step profile. The VAriable Dipole for the ELETTRA Ring (VADER) task, driven by the I.FAST European project, aims at developing a new dipole design based on a trapezoidal shape of the bending radius, which would allow for a further reduction of the horizontal emittance. A prototype of this magnet should be designed by the CIEMAT laboratory and built by KYMA company. This paper discusses the new dipole field specification and describes the corresponding optics optimization that was performed in order to reduce at best the emittance of the ELETTRA ring.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOPT013

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Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 09 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 03 July 2022

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THPOPT018

Aperture Sharing Injection for Diamond-II

injection, storage-ring, kicker, septum

2606

J. Kallestrup, H. Ghasem, I.P.S. Martin
DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom

The planned Diamond-II storage ring will provide users with an increase in brightness of up to two orders of magnitude compared with the existing Diamond facility. The aim is to maintain excellent photon beam stability in top-up mode, which requires frequent injections. This paper introduces the aperture sharing injection scheme designed for Diamond-II. The scheme promises, through the use of short striplines equipped with high-voltage nano-second pulsers, a quasi-transparent injection while maintaining an approximately 100% injection efficiency.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOPT018

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Received ※ 31 May 2022 — Accepted ※ 30 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 01 July 2022

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THPOPT023

Flexible Features of the Compact Storage Ring in the cSTART Project at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology

electron, storage-ring, sextupole, scattering

2620

A.I. Papash, A. Bernhard, E. Bründermann, D. El Khechen, B. Härer, A.-S. Müller, R. Ruprecht, J. Schäfer, M. Schwarz
KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany

Within the cSTART project (compact storage ring for accelerator research and technology), a Very Large Acceptance compact Storage Ring (VLA-cSR) will be realized at the Institute for Beam Physics and Technology (IBPT) of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology. (KIT). A modified geometry of a compact storage ring operating at 50 MeV energy range has been studied and main features of the new model are described here. The new design, based on 45° bending magnets, is suitable to store a wide momentum spread beam as well as ultra-short electron bunches in the sub-ps range injected from the plasma cell as well as from the Ferninfrarot Linac- Und Test Experiment (FLUTE). The DBA lattice of the VLA-cSR with different settings and relaxed parameters, split elements and higher order optics of tolerable strength allows to improve the dynamic aperture and momentum acceptance to an acceptable level. This contribution discusses the lattice features in detail, expected lifetime, injection, tolerances and different possible operation schemes of the ring.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOPT023

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Received ※ 20 May 2022 — Revised ※ 11 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 02 July 2022

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THPOPT043

Injection Design Options for the Low-Emittance PETRA IV Storage Ring

septum, injection, kicker, emittance

2689

M.A. Jebramcik, I.V. Agapov, S.A. Antipov, R. Bartolini, R. Brinkmann, D. Einfeld, T. Hellert, J. Keil, G. Loisch, F. Obier
DESY, Hamburg, Germany

The proposed PETRA IV electron storage ring that will replace DESY’s flagship synchrotron light source PETRA III will feature a horizontal emittance as low as 20 pm based on a hybrid six-bend achromat lattice. Such a lattice design leads to the difficulty of injecting the incoming beam into an acceptance that is as small as 2.6 um. In contrast to earlier lattice iterations based on a seven-bend achromat lattice, the latest version allows accumulation, i.e., the off-axis injection of the incoming beam. In this contribution, the effects of deploying different septum types, namely a pulsed or a Lambertson septum, on the injection process as well as the injection efficiency are presented. This analysis includes the effects of common manipulations to the injected beam, e.g., beam rotation and aperture sharing, on the injection efficiency. Furthermore, the option of a nonlinear kicker and its optimization (wire positions, wire current, optics functions) are presented since a nonlinear kicker could provide an alternative to the rather large number of strip-line kickers that are necessary to generate the orbit bump at the septum.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOPT043

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Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 15 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 07 July 2022

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THPOTK001

Variable Permanent Hybrid Magnets for the Bessy III Storage Ring

dipole, quadrupole, HOM, storage-ring

2763

J. Völker, V. Dürr, P. Goslawski, A. Jankowiak, M. Titze
HZB, Berlin, Germany

The Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin (HZB) is working on the conceptual design of a successor source to BESSY II, an new BESSY III facility, designed for a beam energy of 2.5GeV and based on a multi-bend achromat (MBA) lattice for a low emittances of 100pm-rad. Bending and focusing magnets in the MBA cells should consist of permanent magnets (PM), to allow for a competitive and compact lattice, to increase the magnetic stability and to decrease the electric power consumption of the machine. However, using pure permanent magnet systems would result in a completely fixed lattice. Therefore, we are developing Variable Permanent Hybrid Magnets (VPHM), combining PM materials like NdFeB with a surrounding soft iron yoke and additional electric coils. This design can achieve the same field strength and field quality as conservative magnets, with only a small fraction of the electric power consumption, and a ca. 10% variability in the field amplitudes. In this paper, design and first optimization results of the magnets will be presented, which are a promising option for the new BESSY III facility, and an estimated reduction in total power consumption for the magnet lattice of up to 80%.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOTK001

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Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 01 July 2022

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THPOTK011

Permanent Magnets for the CEBAF 24GeV Upgrade

permanent-magnet, linac, radiation, synchrotron

2792

S.J. Brooks
BNL, Upton, New York, USA
S.A. Bogacz
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
An upgrade of the CEBAF facility to double its present energy of 12GeV has been proposed. To provide double the number of linac passes using the existing five stacked arc beamlines, some beamlines are replaced by fixed-field accelerator (FFA) arcs, allowing multiple energies to pass through the same magnets. A solution is presented in which two of the existing electromagnetic beamlines are replaced with permanent magnet non-scaling FFA arcs, as demonstrated at CBETA. The two-stage design reduces peak magnetic field and synchrotron radiation loss compared to using a single stage. FFAs do not pulse their magnets, making permanent magnets a promising and power-efficient technology option. However, the magnetic field requirements are still at the high end of accelerator permanent magnets produced thus far (1.6T peak on beam), while the magnets must also be combined-function, having a gradient with a dipole offset. Designs using a novel oval aperture and open midplane within an adapted Halbach magnet are presented.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOTK011

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Received ※ 31 May 2022 — Revised ※ 11 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 04 July 2022

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THPOMS004

Achromatic Gantry Design Using Fixed-Field Spiral Combined-Function Magnets

proton, FFAG, simulation, emittance

2941

R. Tesse, E. Gnacadja, C. Hernalsteens, N. Pauly, E. Ramoisiaux, M. Vanwelde
ULB, Bruxelles, Belgium
C. Hernalsteens
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland

Arc-therapy and flash therapy are promising proton therapy treatment modalities as they enable further sparing of the healthy tissues surrounding the tumor site. They impose strong constraints on the beam delivery system and rotating gantry structure, in particular in providing high dose rate and fast energy scanning. Fixed-field achromatic transport lattices potentially satisfy both constraints in allowing instant energy modulation and sufficient transmission efficiency while providing a compact footprint. The presented design study uses fixed-field magnets with spiral edges respecting the FFA scaling law. The cell structure and the layout are studied in simulation and integrated in a compact gantry. Results and further optimizations are discussed.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOMS004

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Received ※ 20 May 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 26 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 11 July 2022

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THPOMS028

Performance Study of the NIMMS Superconducting Compact Synchrotron for Ion Therapy with Strongly Curved Magnets

multipole, synchrotron, quadrupole, simulation

3014

H.X.Q. Norman, R.B. Appleby
UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
E. Benedetto
SEEIIST, Geneva, Switzerland
M. Karppinen
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
H.L. Owen
STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
H.L. Owen
Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
S.L. Sheehy
The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

Delivery of heavy ion therapy currently utilises normal conducting synchrotrons. For the future generation of clini- cal facilities, the accelerator footprint must be reduced while adopting beam intensities above 1 × 10¹⁰ particles per spill for more efficient, effective treatment. The Next Ion Medical Machine Study (NIMMS) is investigating the feasibility of a compact (27 m circumference) superconducting synchrotron, based on 90° alternating-gradient, canted-cosine-theta mag- nets to meet these criteria. The understanding of the impact of the higher order multipole fields of these magnets on the beam dynamics of the ring is crucial for optimisation of the design and to assess its performance for treatment. We analyse the electromagnetic model of a curved superconducting magnet to extract its non-linear components. Preliminary as- sessment is performed using MADX/PTC. Further scope, involving cross-referencing with other particle tracking codes, is discussed.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOMS028

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Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 10 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 13 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 16 June 2022

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