Keyword: extraction
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MOPOST032 A New Approach to Cyclotron Design cyclotron, proton, cavity, ion-source 133
 
  • O. Karamyshev
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
 
  Cyclotrons are the oldest type of circular accelerators, with many applications, design of the majority of cyclotrons nowadays follow has become a standard for most of developers, and there is a clear trend for switching towards superconducting magnets to increase the magnet field level and descrease the size and weight. A new approach, described in this paper allowed the author to design a lineup of cyclotrons from 15 to 230 MeV as compact and power efficient as superconducting cyclotrons, but using copper coil.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOST032  
About • Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 10 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 13 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 04 July 2022
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MOPOPT011 Transverse Excitation and Applications for Beam Control resonance, betatron, controls, simulation 251
 
  • P.J. Niedermayer, R. Singh
    GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
 
  Transverse excitation of stored particle beams is required for a number of applications in accelerators. Using a time-varying, transverse electric field with a dedicated frequency spectrum, the amplitude and coherence of betatron oscillations can be increased in a controlled manner. This allows for determination of the betatron tune from turn-by-turn position measurements, control of transverse beam shapes, as well as extraction of stored beams. For studies of beam excitation, a custom signal generator is being developed. It is based on software-defined radio (SDR) which allows for configurable signal characteristics and tuneable spectra. This approach enables usage for multiple applications in beam diagnostics and control. To determine appropriate excitation spectra, studies of particle dynamics in presence of excitation are being carried out. Nonlinear fields are also incorporated to account for beam extraction conditions, which affects frequency spectra of beam motion due to detuning effects.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOPT011  
About • Received ※ 30 May 2022 — Accepted ※ 10 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 16 June 2022  
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MOPOPT031 Renovation of the SR Beam Profile Monitors with Novel Polycrystalline Diamond Mirrors at the SuperKEKB Accelerator optics, laser, radiation, synchrotron 313
 
  • G. Mitsuka, H. Ikeda, T.M. Mitsuhashi
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
 
  SR beam profile monitors are fundamental to perform the stable beam operation of SuperKEKB. To suppress thermal deformation of SR extraction mirrors–a long-standing issue in SR monitors–, we developed platinum coated diamond mirrors in 2019. The diamond mirrors are made with optical-quality polycrystal-diamond-substrate with extremely large thermal conductivity, and have a size of 20 mm (W) x 30 mm (H) x 2 mm (D). Surface flatness better than λ/5 was observed in an optical testing with a laser interferometer. The diamond mirrors have been installed in HER and LER in 2020 summer and 2021 summer, respectively. Through irradiation for an year at the beam current greater than 800 mA, no significant deformation of the diamond mirrors has been observed. In this talk, we will discuss the design, construction, and optical testing of the polycrystal diamond mirrors. Also beam measurements performed using an interferometer, a coronagraph, a streak camera, and a fast gate camera will be presented.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOPT031  
About • Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 15 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 02 July 2022
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MOPOPT037 Beam Measurement and Application of the Metal Vapor Vacuum Arc Ion Source at KOMAC radiation, ion-source, vacuum, experiment 328
 
  • S.H. Lee, H.S. Kim, H.-J. Kwon
    KOMAC, KAERI, Gyeongju, Republic of Korea
 
  Funding: This work has been supported through KOMAC operation fund of KAERI by MSIT (Ministry of Science and ICT) and the NRF (National Research Foundation) of Korea grant fund the Korea government (MSIT).
The metal ion beam facility is developed based on the MEVVA* ion source at the KOMAC**. The MEVVA ion source has advantage that it can be extract almost metal ion species as well as high current ion beam. After the installation, we measured beam properties such as peak beam current, beam profile depending on the operation condition. The average charge state is measured in order to estimate the total dose. We evaluate the beam stability through the long-term beam extraction, and the measured the cathode erosion rate too. In addition, as one of the application fields, we irradiate the metal beam on the cathode of the fuel cell and measured the performance. In this paper, the beam measurement results, are summarized and fuel cell performances after metal beam irradiation are discussed.
*Korea Multi-purpose of Accelerator Complex
**Metal Vapor Vacuum Arc
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOPT037  
About • Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 21 June 2022
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MOPOPT043 Recent Developments in Longitudinal Phase Space Tomography synchrotron, beam-diagnostic, booster, quadrupole 347
 
  • S.C.P. Albright, A. Lasheen
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  • C.H. Grindheim
    NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
  • A.H.C. Lu
    KTH/NADA, Stockholm, Sweden
 
  Longitudinal phase space tomography has been a mainstay of longitudinal beam diagnostics in most of the CERN synchrotrons for over two decades. Originally, the reconstructions were performed by a highly optimised Fortran implementation. To facilitate increased flexibility, and leveraging the significant increase in computing power since the original development, a new version of the reconstruction code has been developed. This implements an object-oriented Python API, with the computationally heavy calculations in C++ for improved performance. The Python/C++ implementation is designed to be highly modular, enabling new and diverse use cases. For example, the macro-particle tracking for the tomography can now be performed externally, or a single set of tracked particles can be reused for multiple reconstructions. This paper summarises the features of the new implementation, and some of the key applications that have been enabled as a result.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOPT043  
About • Received ※ 30 May 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 12 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 13 June 2022
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MOPOTK008 Options for a Light Upgrade of the ESRF Booster Synchrotron Lattice lattice, booster, quadrupole, SRF 445
 
  • T.P. Perron, N. Carmignani, L.R. Carver, L. Hoummi, S.M. Liuzzo, S.M. White
    ESRF, Grenoble, France
  • P. Raimondi
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
 
  The EBS 6 GeV electron storage ring recently commissioned at ESRF, in Grenoble, France, is still operated using the old injector hardware. It is now one of the limiting factor of the facility. The large horizontal emittance of the booster beam affects injection efficiency, preventing from reaching 100% transfer efficiency between the 299.8 m long booster and the storage ring. Different lattice modifications going from minor optics changes to full machine renewal are considered . In this paper we will discuss different options of a "light" upgrade of the FODO lattice, keeping the RF system, vacuum chamber, power supplies, and most of the magnets. The upgrade then consists in creating a few new quadrupole families in the straight section vicinity and remove them from the main QF/QD families.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK008  
About • Received ※ 05 June 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 29 June 2022
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MOPOTK015 ENUBET’s Multi Momentum Secondary Beam Line target, kaon, proton, secondary-beams 469
 
  • E.G. Parozzi, G. Brunetti, F. Terranova
    Universita Milano Bicocca, MILANO, Italy
  • G. Brunetti, F. Terranova
    INFN MIB, MILANO, Italy
  • N. Charitonidis
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  • A. Longhin, M. Pari, F. Pupilli
    INFN- Sez. di Padova, Padova, Italy
  • A. Longhin
    Univ. degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
 
  In order to study the remaining open questions concerning CP violation and neutrino mass hierarchy, as well as to search for physics beyond the Standard Model, future experiments require precise measurements of the neutrino interaction cross-sections in the GeV/c regime. The absence of a precise knowledge of the neutrino flux currently limits this measurement to a 10-20% uncertainty level. The ENUBET project is proposing a novel facility, capable of constraining the neutrino flux normalization through the precise monitoring of kaon decay products in an instrumented decay tunnel. The collaboration has conducted numerous studies using a beam-line with a central Kaon momentum of 8.5 GeV/c and a ±10% momentum spread. We present here the design of a new beam-line, broadening the range of Kaons to include momenta of 4, 6, and 8.5 GeV/c, thus allowing ENUBET to explore cross-sections over a much larger energy range. In this contribution, we discuss the status of this design, the optimization studies performed, the early results, and the expected performance in terms of kaon and neutrino rates. We also present the first estimations of the background expected to be seen by the experiment.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK015  
About • Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 13 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 15 June 2022
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MOPOTK030 Beam Optics Modelling Through Fringe Fields During Injection and Extraction at the CERN Proton Synchrotron injection, focusing, proton, simulation 511
 
  • E.P. Johnson, M.G. Atanasov, Y. Dutheil, M.A. Fraser, E. Oponowicz
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
 
  As the beam is injected and extracted from the CERN Proton Synchrotron, it passes through the fringing magnetic fields of the main bending units (MUs). In this study, tracking simulations using field maps created from a 3D magnetic model of the MUs are compared to beam based measurements made through the fast injection and slow extraction regions. The behaviour of the fringe field is characterised and its implementation in the MAD-X model of the machine is described.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK030  
About • Received ※ 03 June 2022 — Revised ※ 11 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 11 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 12 June 2022
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MOPOTK060 An Induction-Type Septum Magnet for the EIC Complex septum, injection, induction, electron 603
 
  • N. Tsoupas, D. Holmes, C. Liu, I. Marneris, C. Montag, V. Ptitsyn, V.H. Ranjbar, J.E. Tuozzolo
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
  • B. Bhandari
    Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Electron-Ion Collider, Upton, New York, USA
 
  Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
The electron Ion Collider (eIC) project* has been approved by the Department of Energy to be built at the site of Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL). Part of the eIC accelerator complex and more specifically the Rapid Cycling Syncrotron (RCS) which accelerates the electron beam up to 18 GeV and the electron Storage Ring (eSR) which stores the electron beam bunces for collisions with the hadrons, will be built inside the tunnel of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC)**. This paper provides information on the electromagnetic design of the septa magnets which will be employed to inject and extract the beam to and from the two synchrotrons used for the acceleration and storage of the electron beam bunches. The type of the septum is of induction type made o laminated iron and it is similar to the one described in ref.[3] The electromagnetic study is performed by the use of the transient module of the OPERA computer code***.
* https://ww.bnl.gov/eic/
** A. Zhuravlev, et al. PIPAC2013, Shanghai, China
*** https://www.3ds.com/products-services/simulia/products/opera/
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK060  
About • Received ※ 05 June 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 21 June 2022
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MOPOMS043 Automated Analysis of the Prompt Radiation Levels in the CERN Accelerator Complex radiation, proton, synchrotron, operation 736
 
  • K. Biłko, R. García Alía, J.B. Potoine
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
 
  The CERN injector complex is essential in providing high-energy beams to various experiments and to the world’s largest accelerator, the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Beam losses linked to its operation result in a mixed radiation field which, through both cumulative and single-event effects poses a threat to the electronic equipment exposed in the tunnel. Therefore, detailed knowledge of the radiation distribution and evolution is necessary in order to implement adequate Radiation to Electronics mitigation and prevention measures, resulting in an improvement of the accelerator efficiency and availability. In this study, we present the automated analysis scheme put in place to efficiently process and visualise the radiation data produced by various radiation monitors, distributed at the four largest CERN accelerators, namely the Proton Synchrotron Booster, Proton Synchrotron, Super Proton Synchrotron, and the LHC, where a proton beam is accelerated gradually from 160 MeV up to 7 TeV.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOMS043  
About • Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 30 June 2022
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MOPOMS046 Reliability Analysis of the HL-LHC Energy Extraction System target, simulation, operation, monitoring 747
 
  • M.R. Blaszkiewicz, A. Apollonio, T. Cartier-Michaud, B.I. Panev, M. Pojer, D. Wollmann
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
 
  The energy extraction systems for the protection of the new HL-LHC superconducting magnet circuits are based on vacuum breakers. This technology allows to significantly reduce the switch opening time and increases the overall system reliability with reduced maintenance needs. This paper presents the results of detailed reliability studies performed on these new energy extraction systems. The study quantifies the risk of a failure which prevents correct protection of a magnet circuit and identifies the most critical components of the system. For this, the model considers factors such as block or component level failure probabilities, different maintenance strategies and repair procedures. The reliability simulations have been performed with AvailSim4, a novel Monte Carlo code for availability and reliability simulations. The results are compared with the system reliability requirements and provides insights into the most critical components.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOMS046  
About • Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 07 July 2022
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TUOZGD2 A Compact Synchrotron for Advanced Cancer Therapy with Helium and Proton Beams synchrotron, proton, injection, dipole 811
 
  • M. Vretenar, M.E. Angoletta, J.C.C.M. Borburgh, L. Bottura, K. Paļskis, R.L. Taylor, G. Tranquille
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  • E. Benedetto
    SEEIIST, Geneva, Switzerland
  • G. Bisoffi
    INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy
  • M. Sapinski
    PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
 
  Recent years have seen an increased interest in the use of helium for radiation therapy of cancer. Helium ions can be more precisely delivered to the tumour than protons or carbon ions, presently the only beams licensed for treatment, with a biological effectiveness between the two. The accelerator required for helium is considerably smaller than a standard carbon ion synchrotron. To exploit the potential of helium therapy and of other emerging particle therapy techniques, in the framework of the Next Ion Medical Machine Study (NIMMS) at CERN the design of a compact synchrotron optimised for acceleration of proton and helium beams has been investigated. The synchrotron is based on a new magnet design, profits from a novel injector linac, and can provide both slow and fast extraction for conventional and FLASH therapy. Production of mini-beams, and operation with multiple ions for imaging and treatment are also considered. This accelerator is intended to become the main element of a facility devoted to a programme of cancer research and treatment with proton and helium beams, to both cure patients and contribute to the assessment of helium beams as a new tool to fight cancer.  
slides icon Slides TUOZGD2 [1.940 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUOZGD2  
About • Received ※ 20 May 2022 — Revised ※ 11 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 11 July 2022
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TUPOST006 Frequency-Dependent RF Voltage Calibration Using Longitudinal Tomography in the CERN PSB cavity, synchrotron, flattop, injection 845
 
  • D. Quartullo, S.C.P. Albright, H. Damerau
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
 
  Longitudinal phase-space tomography reconstructs the phase-space distribution from a set of bunch profiles and the accelerator parameters, which includes the RF voltage. The quality of the reconstruction depends on the accuracy to which these parameters are known. Therefore, it can be used for beam-based RF voltage calibration by analysing oscillations of a mismatched bunch. The actual RF voltage may be different from the programmed one due to uncertainties of the electrical gap voltage measurements and intensity effects. Tomography-based RF voltage calibration was systematically performed with low-intensity bunches in all four rings of the PS Booster (PSB) at injection and extraction energy. For each of the three RF cavities present in a given ring, the calibration was performed separately to extract the voltage errors while avoiding any influence of phase misalignments. The number of synchrotron oscillation periods available for the voltage calibration was constrained by the short duration of the PSB flat-bottom and top. Longitudinal beam dynamics simulations using the full PSB impedance model were performed to benchmark the results provided by the calibrations.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOST006  
About • Received ※ 30 May 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 14 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 14 June 2022
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TUPOST041 Experience with Computer-Aided Optimizations in LINAC4 and PSB at CERN linac, MMI, cavity, beam-losses 945
 
  • P.K. Skowroński, M.A. Fraser, I. Vojskovic
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
 
  Accelerator optimization is routinely performed with the help of computer algorithms that fully automate these tasks. However, their efficiency, speed, and time to implement varies greatly depending on the algorithms used. In LINAC4 some of the automatic optimization routines were programmed using different algorithms to find the most suitable. We present the problems for which the computer algorithms were used and the results of our comparative study.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOST041  
About • Received ※ 09 June 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 22 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 08 July 2022
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TUPOST045 Overview of the Machine Learning and Numerical Optimiser Applications on Beam Transfer Systems for LHC and Its Injectors proton, kicker, experiment, alignment 961
 
  • F.M. Velotti, M.J. Barnes, E. Carlier, Y. Dutheil, M.A. Fraser, B. Goddard, N. Magnin, R.L. Ramjiawan, E. Renner, P. Van Trappen
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  • E. Waagaard
    Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
 
  Machine learning and numerical optimisation algorithms are getting more and more popular in the accelerator physics community and, thanks to the computing power available, their application in daily operation more likely. In the CERN accelerator complex, and specifically on the beam transfer systems, many promising exploitation of these numerical tools have been put in place in the last years. Some of the state-of-the-art machine learning models have been explored and used to solve problems that were never fully addressed in the past. In this paper, the most recent results of application of machine learning and numerical optimisation for injection, extraction and transfer of beam from machine and to experimental areas are presented. An overview of the possible next steps and shortcomings is finally discussed.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOST045  
About • Received ※ 06 June 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 10 July 2022
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WEPOST012 Feasibility of Slow-Extracted High-Energy Ions From the CERN Proton Synchrotron for CHARM proton, heavy-ion, controls, operation 1703
 
  • M.A. Fraser, P.A. Arrutia Sota, K. Biłko, N. Charitonidis, S. Danzeca, M. Delrieux, M. Duraffourg, N. Emriskova, L.S. Esposito, R. García Alía, A. Guerrero, O. Hans, G.I. Imesch, E.P. Johnson, G. Lerner, I. Ortega Ruiz, G. Pezzullo, D. Prelipcean, F. Ravotti, F. Roncarolo, A. Waets
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
 
  The CHARM High-energy Ions for Micro Electronics Reliability Assurance (CHIMERA) working group at CERN is investigating the feasibility of delivering high energy ion beams to the CHARM facility for the study of radiation effects to electronics components engineered to operate in harsh radiation environments, such as space or high-energy accelerators. The Proton Synchrotron has the potential of delivering the required high energy and high-Z (in this case, Pb) ions for radiation tests over the relevant range of Linear Energy Transfer of ~ 10 - 40 MeV cm2/mg with a > 1 mm penetration depth in silicon, specifically for single event effect tests. This contribution summarises the working group’s progress in demonstrating the feasibility of variable energy slow extraction and over a wide range of intensities. The results of a dedicated 6 GeV/u Pb ion beam test are reported to understand the performance limitations of the beam instrumentation systems needed to characterise the beam in CHARM.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOST012  
About • Received ※ 02 June 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 23 June 2022
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WEPOST013 Exploitation of Crystal Shadowing via Multi-Crystal Array, Optimisers and Reinforcement Learning operation, septum, simulation, proton 1707
 
  • F.M. Velotti, M. Di Castro, L.S. Esposito, M.A. Fraser, S.S. Gilardoni, B. Goddard, V. Kain, E. Matheson
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
 
  The CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) routinely delivers proton and heavy ion beams to the North experimental Area (NA) in the form of 4.8 s spills. To produce such a long flux of particles, resonant third integer slow extraction is used, which, by design, foresees primary beam lost on the electrostatic septum wires to separate circulating from extracted beam. Shadowing with thin bent crystal has been proposed and successfully tested in the SPS, as detailed in *. In 2021, a thin crystal was used for physics production showing results compatible with what measured during early testing. In this paper, the results from the 2021 physics run are presented also comparing particle losses at extraction with previous operational years. The setting up of the crystal using numerical optimisers is detailed, with possible implementation of reinforcement learning (RL) agents to improve the setting up time. Finally, the full exploitation of crystal shadowing via multi-array crystals is discussed, together with the performance reach in the SPS.
F.Velotti, et. al, "Septum shadowing by means of a bent crystal to reduce slow extraction beam loss", Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams 22, 093502 - Published 27 September 2019
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOST013  
About • Received ※ 06 June 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 02 July 2022
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WEPOST014 Studies on Pre-Computation of SPS-to-LHC Transfer Line Corrections injection, target, proton, closed-orbit 1711
 
  • C. Bracco, F.M. Velotti
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
 
  The injection process in the LHC gives a non-negligible contribution to the turnaround time between two consecutive physics fills. Mainly due to orbit drifts in the SPS, the steering of the SPS-to-LHC transfer lines (TL) had to be regularly performed in view of minimising injection oscillations and losses, which otherwise would trigger beam dumps. Moreover, for machine protection purposes, a maximum of twelve bunches had to be injected after any TL steering to validate the actual applied corrections. This implied at several occasions the need to interrupt a fill to steer the lines and introduced a further delay between fills. Studies were performed to evaluate the option of pre-calculating the required TL corrections based on SPS orbit measurements during the LHC magnet ramp down and the reconstruction of the beam position and angle at the SPS extraction point.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOST014  
About • Received ※ 06 June 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 14 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 16 June 2022
Cite • reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)  
 
WEPOST015 Implementation of a Tune Sweep Slow Extraction with Constant Optics at MedAustron simulation, betatron, operation, optics 1715
 
  • P.A. Arrutia Sota, M.A. Fraser, B. Goddard, V. Kain, F.M. Velotti
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  • P. Burrows
    JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom
  • A. De Franco
    QST Rokkasho, Aomori, Japan
  • F. Kuehteubl, M.T.F. Pivi, D.A. Prokopovich
    EBG MedAustron, Wr. Neustadt, Austria
 
  Conventional slow extraction driven by a tune sweep perturbs the optics and changes the presentation of the beam separatrix to the extraction septum during the spill. The constant optics slow extraction (COSE) technique, recently developed and deployed operationally at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron to reduce beam loss on the extraction septum, was implemented at MedAustron to facilitate extraction with a tune sweep of operational beam quality. COSE fixes the optics of the extracted beam by scaling all machine settings with the beam rigidity following the extracted beam’s momentum. In this contribution the implementation of the COSE extraction technique is described before it is compared to the conventional tune sweep and operational betatron core driven cases using both simulations and recent measurements.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOST015  
About • Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 16 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 18 June 2022
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WEPOST026 Conceptual Design of the FCC-ee Beam Dumping System radiation, operation, dumping, simulation 1753
 
  • A.M. Krainer, P. Andreu Muñoz, W. Bartmann, M. Calviani, Y. Dutheil, A. Lechner, F.-X. Nuiry, A. Perillo-Marcone
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  • R.L. Ramjiawan
    JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom
 
  The Future Circular electron-positron Collider (FCC-ee) will have stored beam energies of up to 20 MJ. This is a factor 100 higher than any current or past lepton collider. A safe and reliable disposal of the beam onto a beam dump block is therefore critical for operation. To ensure the survival of the dump core blocks, transversal dilution of the beam is necessary. To reduce the complexity of the system and guarantee high availability, an optimized, semi-passive beam dumping system has been designed. The main dump absorber design has been optimized following recent studies for high energy dump block materials for the LHC High Luminosity upgrade. First simulations regarding the radiation environment of the dumping system have been carried out, allowing the definition of preliminary constraints for the integration with respect to radiation sensitive equipment. The performance of the system has been evaluated using Monte-Carlo simulations as well as thermomechanical Finite-Element-Analysis to investigate potential material failure and assess safety margins. An experiment at the CERN HiRadMat facility has been carried out and preliminary results show good agreement with simulations.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOST026  
About • Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 16 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 25 June 2022
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WEPOST052 Influence of Plasma Electrode Aperture Size on Beam Emittance From a Multicusp Ion Source plasma, emittance, ion-source, experiment 1813
 
  • A.M. George, M.P. Dehnel, S.V. Melanson, J.J. Munich
    D-Pace, Nelson, British Columbia, Canada
  • N. Broderick
    University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
 
  D-Pace’s TRIUMF-licensed multicusp filament ion source is capable of producing H beams up to 17.4 mA*. In most cases, the H beam is transported to the entrance of an accelerator or a magnet for further applications. The emittance of the beam extracted from the ion source should be maintained as low as possible to reduce the beam losses to the walls of the transport pipes. The beam emittance from the ion source can be controlled by changing the aperture diameter of the plasma electrode. The current study deals with the range of H beam emittance that can be achieved from D-Pace’s filament ion source, using different plasma electrode aperture sizes. The corresponding beam currents and the electron to ion ratios are also reported.
* Melanson, S., M. Dehnel, D. Potkins, H. McDonald, and C. Philpott. "H-, D-, C2-: a comparison of RF and filament powered volume-cusp ion sources." Ele 5 (2017): 10.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOST052  
About • Received ※ 06 June 2022 — Revised ※ 10 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 13 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 16 June 2022
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WEPOST053 Extraction of High-Charge State Argon and α-Particles from D-Pace Penning Ion Source Test Stand ion-source, operation, cathode, experiment 1816
 
  • N. Savard
    UBC, Vancouver, B.C., Canada
  • M.P. Dehnel, J.J. Munich
    D-Pace, Nelson, British Columbia, Canada
 
  At D-Pace’s Ion Source Test Facility (ISTF), we measure the extracted current of high-charge state ions from a hot cathode Penning ion source. Producing high-charge states of Boron, Arsenic, and Phosphorous is of interest to the ion implantation community. Higher-charge states allow these doping agents to be accelerated to higher energies within the same accelerating electric fields. When used for doping silicon semiconductors, this allows for deeper implantation of the ions. We use Argon and Helium gas as a proxy to determine whether the Penning ion source could be used for this application as it is less toxic to work with. The ability to reach charge states of greater than 4+ with Argon and 1+ with Helium leads to the possibility of producing highe-charge states of ions used in the ion implantation industry. This paper shows the extracted beam currents of Ar3+ - Ar6+ and alpha-ions for the hot cathode Penning ion source with variations in the confining magnetic field (0.4 - 0.95 T), gas flow (0.3 - 10 sccm), and arc discharge current (1 - 3 A).  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOST053  
About • Received ※ 27 May 2022 — Revised ※ 15 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 16 June 2022
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WEPOPT047 Beam Optics of the Injection/Extraction and Beam Transfer in the Electron Rings of the EIC Project injection, electron, optics, kicker 1964
 
  • N. Tsoupas, D. Holmes, C. Liu, C. Montag, V. Ptitsyn, V.H. Ranjbar, J. Skaritka, J.E. Tuozzolo, E. Wang, F.J. Willeke
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
  • B. Bhandari
    Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Electron-Ion Collider, Upton, New York, USA
 
  Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) project* has been approved by the Department of Energy to be built at the site of Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL). The goal of the project is the collision of energetic (of many GeV/amu) ion species with electron bunches of energies up to 18 GeV. The EIC includes two electron rings, the Rapid Cycling Synchrotron (RCS) which accelerates the electron beam up to 18 GeV, and the Electron Storage Ring (ESR) which stores the electron beam for collisions with hadron beam, both to be installed in the same tunnel as the Hadron Storage Ring (HSR). This paper discusses the layout and the beam optics of the injection/extraction beam lines the electron rings and the beam optics of the transfer line from the RCS to the ESR ring.
* https://www.bnl.gov/eic/
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT047  
About • Received ※ 05 June 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 14 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 23 June 2022
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WEPOTK017 An Efficient H-/ D- Extraction in Neutral Beam Injection (NBI) Ion Sources simulation, plasma, electron, ion-source 2078
 
  • V. Variale
    INFN-Bari, Bari, Italy
  • M. Cavenago
    INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy
 
  Funding: INFN, DTT
The negative ion source development has reached performances very close to those required by the ITER project; see for example the test facility ELISE results*. A main residual problem seems to be the great amount of co-extracted electrons in the top part of the source. The introduction of a magnetic filter to remove the electrons from the extraction zone of the source causes ExB particle drifts (or shifts) which move both ions and electrons towards the top (or bottom depending on the B direction); in the top part the electron concentration and extracted current increase and that limits the extracted ion amount. In this contribution, as a possible solution, the application of a Planar Ion Funnel (PIF) extraction electric field configuration** on the source exit is proposed. The electric field line shape of PIF configuration, not only should break the perpendicularity between the magnetic filter B and the extraction electric field E in such a way to prevents the ExB particle drifts, but also should give a more efficient field shape for the H-/D- extraction. Preliminary simulations of D- and e- trajectories are presented to confirm the efficiency of the PIF system.
* B. Heinemann et al., Fusion Engineering and design (2021).
** A. Chaudhary et al., Rev. Sci. 85, 105101 (2014).
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOTK017  
About • Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 10 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 22 June 2022
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WEPOTK019 Status of the Laser Ion Source Upgrade (LION2) at BNL solenoid, target, laser, plasma 2087
 
  • T. Kanesue, B.D. Coe, S. Ikeda, S.A. Kondrashev, C.J. Liaw, M. Okamura, R.H. Olsen, T. Rodowicz, R. Schoepfer, L. Smart, D. Weiss, Y. Zhang
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
  • A. Cannavò
    NPI, Řež near Prague, Czech Republic
 
  Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy, and by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
A laser ion source (LION) at Brookhaven National Labor-atory (BNL) has been operational since 2014 to provide low charge state heavy ions of various species for Rela-tivistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and NASA Space Radiation Laboratory (NSRL). Pulsed ion beams (100~300 µs) with beam current ranging from 100 µA to 1 mA from any solid-state targets can be supplied without memory effect of previous beams at pulse-by-pulse basis. LION is an essential device for the operation of a galactic cosmic ray simulator at NSRL together with high-performance beams for RHIC. Because the importance of LION has been widely recognized, an upgraded version of LION, which is called LION2, is being developed for improved performance and reliability. The design and status of the LION2 will be shown.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOTK019  
About • Received ※ 15 June 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 17 June 2022
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WEPOTK020 Slanted Beam Extraction on Laser Ion Source laser, plasma, solenoid, ion-source 2090
 
  • M. Okamura, S. Ikeda, T. Kanesue, S.A. Kondrashev
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
  • A. Cannavò
    NPI, Řež near Prague, Czech Republic
 
  Funding: US DOE, Office of Science, under contract DE-SC0012704.
Laser ion sources generate plasma and supply ions by focusing energy by light onto a solid surface. The ionization is achieved during the pulsed laser irradiation period. Then the plasma expands vertically from the target surface as it moves forward. Usually, this drift distance is chosen from tens of centimeters to several meters. Once the required pulse width and plasma density are met, an extraction electric field is applied. In most cases, this electric field is set in the same direction as the direction of the plasma. In this study, we experimentally verify how performance is achieved when the direction of the extraction field is at an angle to the direction of motion of the plasma. If the extraction field can be slanted without degradation of the ion source performance, it is considered to be able to shield neutral vapors and debris generated simultaneously with the plasma, which will be advantageous for the long-term operation of the laser ion source.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOTK020  
About • Received ※ 09 June 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 14 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 26 June 2022
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WEPOTK021 Improvement of Spill Quality for Slowly Extracted Ions at GSI-SIS18 via Transverse Emittance Exchange emittance, resonance, coupling, synchrotron 2093
 
  • J. Yang, P. Forck, T. Giacomini, P.J. Niedermayer, R. Singh, S. Sorge
    GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
 
  The temporal beam stabilization of slowly extracted beams from the synchrotron within several seconds is crucial for fulfilling the demands of fix-target experiments. Results from previous investigations suggest that the transit time spread can be increased by reducing the beam emittance in the plane of extraction. Increased transit time spread is known to cut-off high frequency noise introduced by magnet power supplies. A pilot experiment was performed at SIS18 at GSI to introduce transverse emittance exchange, resulting in the circulating beam’s smaller horizontal beam size. The improvement of the spillμstructure is reported in this contribution.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOTK021  
About • Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 11 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 13 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 28 June 2022
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WEPOTK022 Horizontal Beam Response at Extraction Conditions at the Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Centre simulation, resonance, sextupole, pick-up 2096
 
  • E.C. Cortés García, E. Feldmeier, Th. Haberer
    HIT, Heidelberg, Germany
 
  The Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Centre’s synchrotron makes use of the sextupole driven RF-KO method near the third-order resonance in order to slowly extract the beam that is delivered to the patients. The horizontal beam response of a coasting beam was studied experimentally and with simulations at extraction conditions in order to deduce regions of interest for an optimal excitation signal spectrum. Two narrow frequency regions were found were the beam reacts coherently. With these information an RF signal was proposed for the resonant slow extraction.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOTK022  
About • Received ※ 17 May 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 03 July 2022
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WEPOTK023 Simulation Study of Fast Extraction in the Absence of One Septum Magnet for J-Parc Main Ring septum, operation, kicker, vacuum 2100
 
  • S. Iwata, S. Igarashi, K. Ishii, H. Matsumoto, N. Matsumoto, Y. Sato, T. Shibata, T. Sugimoto, T.Y. Yasui
    KEK, Tokai, Ibaraki, Japan
 
  At J-PARC main ring (MR), the two fast extracting beamlines to the neutrino facility and to the abort dump have a symmetrical layout of 6 septum magnets each, a total of 12. Since there are many magnets, it is necessary to be careful about failure. It is important to consider how to continue beam supply even if one of the septum mag-nets is missing. From July 2021, upgrade works of the FX septum magnets commenced with an aim of increasing the beam power of MR to 1.3 MW from 500 kW. We simulated the beam extraction without one of the septum magnets under the conditions of the new geometry of septum magnets and the new aperture. We found that the beam can be extracted by increasing the current of the surrounding septum magnets and compensating for the output.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOTK023  
About • Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 10 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 25 June 2022
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WEPOTK024 Upgrade of Septum Magnets for Fast Extraction in J-Parc Main Ring septum, operation, vacuum, power-supply 2103
 
  • S. Iwata, K. Ishii, H. Matsumoto, N. Matsumoto, Y. Sato, T. Shibata, T. Sugimoto, M. Uota
    KEK, Tokai, Ibaraki, Japan
 
  We aim to supply a high-power proton beam of 1.3 MW to the neutrino facility from J-PARC Main Ring (MR) by shortening the repetition cycle to 1.16 s from 2.48 s and increasing the number of particles by 30%. The six sep-tum magnets for fast extraction (FX) need to be replaced to reduce the heat that is generated as a result of shorten-ing the repetition cycle. The replacement of the septum magnets began in July 2021 and was completed at the end of May 2022. The beam commissioning starts in June 2022. We report the details of the replacement work and operation test of the new septum magnets. We found a defect in the magnetic coil of the septum (SM32) in August 2021. We decided to postpone its installation to around August 2022 and produce new magnet coils for the SM32. The beam extraction in June 2022 will be per-formed using a temporary vacuum duct instead of the SM32 magnet, and the extraction beam orbit will be maintained by increasing the magnetic field of the other five septum magnets.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOTK024  
About • Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 10 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 10 July 2022
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WEPOTK026 Commissioning of the ELENA Electrostatic Transfer Lines for the Antimatter Facility at CERN experiment, quadrupole, proton, antiproton 2110
 
  • Y. Dutheil, W. Bartmann, C. Carli, M.A. Fraser, D. Gamba, L. Ponce
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
 
  ELENA is a small synchrotron ring that decelerates antiprotons down to a kinetic energy of 100 keV. With an experimental complex capable of housing up to 9 different experiments operating simultaneously, the transfer line design needed to be highly flexible. The low energy of the beam transported allowed the exploitation of electrostatic devices instead of magnets, to simplify design, production and operation. This contribution presents the systematic characterisation of the beam optics at the different experimental handover locations during beam commissioning using H ions from an external source, as well as the performance of the lines in operation with antiprotons. Finally, the effect of stray fields created by the experimental setup will be presented and compared with the first measurements.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOTK026  
About • Received ※ 10 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 28 June 2022  
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WEPOTK028 Implementation of RF Channeling at the CERN PS for Spill Quality Improvements flattop, cavity, resonance, simulation 2114
 
  • P.A. Arrutia Sota, H. Damerau, M.A. Fraser, M. Vadai, F.M. Velotti
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  • P. Burrows
    JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom
 
  Resonant slow extraction from synchrotrons aims at providing constant intensity spills over timescales much longer than the revolution period of the machine. However, the extracted intensity is undesirably modulated by noise on the machine’s power converters with a frequency range of between 50 Hz and a few kHz. The impact of power converter noise can be suppressed by exploiting a Radio Frequency (RF) technique known as empty bucket channelling, which increases the speed at which particles cross the tune resonance boundary. In this contribution the implementation of empty bucket channelling in the CERN Proton Synchrotron (PS) is described via simulation and measurement. The technique was tested with both a resonant RF cavity and an inductive Finemet cavity, which can produce non-sinusoidal waveforms, to significantly reduce the low frequency noise observed on the extracted spill.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOTK028  
About • Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 15 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 22 June 2022
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WEPOTK046 Improved Longitudinal Performance of the LHC Beam in the CERN PS feedback, emittance, cavity, flattop 2165
 
  • H. Damerau, V.D. Desquiens, A. Huschauer, A. Jibar, A. Lasheen, B. Mikulec, M. Morvillo, C. Rossi, B.J. Woolley
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
 
  At the end of the 2018 run the intensity target for the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) had just been reached at extraction from the Proton Synchrotron (PS). In the framework of the LHC Injectors Upgrade (LIU) project additional RF improvements have been implemented during the 2019/2020 long shutdown (LS2), mainly impacting the impedance of the 10 MHz, 40 MHz, and 80 MHz RF systems. With the upgraded injection energy of 2 GeV (kinetic), also the intermediate plateau energy for RF manipulations has been increased. Following a campaign of beam studies throughout the 2021 run, a bunch intensity of up to 2.9·1011 p/b in trains of 72 bunches is achieved with the required longitudinal beam quality, surpassing the LIU target of 2.6·1011 p/b. The threshold of longitudinal quadrupolar coupled-bunch instabilities is increased during acceleration, but they are again observed at the flat-top. While dipolar coupled-bunch oscillations are well damped by a dedicated feedback system, the quadrupolar modes are suppressed by operating a 40 MHz system as an active higher-harmonic Landau cavity. The main commissioning steps are outlined, together with the key contributions to the improved beam performance.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOTK046  
About • Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 16 June 2022  
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WEPOTK051 Beam Induced Power Loss Estimation of a Movable Synchrotron Light Extraction Mirror for the LHC impedance, synchrotron, resonance, coupling 2173
 
  • M. Wendt, W. Andreazza, E. Bravin, F. Guillot-Vignot
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
 
  Beam instruments based on synchrotron light are an important part of the beam monitoring diagnostics suite in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. In frame of the high luminosity upgrade (HL-LHC) additional synchrotron light diagnostics are demanded, too many to be covered by the present Beam Synchrotron-light Radiation Telescope (BSRT), which utilizes a fixed light extraction mirror. Therefore, an additional synchrotron light diagnostics setup is under development, now with a movable mirror to extract the synchrotron light emitted solely by a superconducting LHC dipole magnet. With higher bunch intensities anticipated in the HL-LHC, the beam induced power losses, and therefore local heat dissipation, play a critical role in the design of the extraction mirror. This paper summarizes the estimation of the bunched-beam induced power losses based on numerical simulations and RF measurements on a prototype light extraction mirror.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOTK051  
About • Received ※ 06 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 14 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 15 June 2022  
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THOYSP2 The New Eddy Current Type Septum Magnet for Upgrading of Fast Extraction in Main Ring of J-PARC septum, operation, power-supply, injection 2428
 
  • T. Shibata, K. Ishii, S. Iwata, H. Matsumoto, T. Sugimoto
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  • K. Fan
    HUST, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
 
  For our first goal of the beam power of Main Ring for Fast eXtraction (FX), 750 kW, we have been evaluating a new Low-Field FX Septum magnets which are induced eddy current type (Eddy-Septum) since 2014. The pending technical issues are disagreement in two current monitor systems and the long switching time of the Main-charger to Sub-charger at low charging voltage. We measured a gap field during measurement of current, and found no drift in time variation of gap field. Our conclusion was that the cause of the disagreement is electric and radiative noise which make the drift in the time variation. The long-term stability of the output pulsed current depends on the switching time and charging voltage. We investigated the correlation between the keeping time of flat-top charging voltage and long-time stability with various charging voltages. In June 2021, we have first conducted the 1 Hz operation and high-voltage test of the Eddy-Septum which is mounted in a vacuum chamber, and we found no problem. A new pure iron duct type magnetic shield for reducing the leakage field were produced in July 2021. The new LF FX-Septum will be installed in MR in early of 2022.  
slides icon Slides THOYSP2 [5.375 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THOYSP2  
About • Received ※ 20 May 2022 — Revised ※ 11 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 14 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 21 June 2022
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THPOST023 Current Status of the FFA@CEBAF Energy Upgrade Study dipole, linac, experiment, permanent-magnet 2494
 
  • R.M. Bodenstein, J.F. Benesch, S.A. Bogacz, A. Coxe, K.E. Deitrick, B.R. Gamage, G.A. Krafft, K.E.Price. Price, Y. Roblin, A. Seryi
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  • J.S. Berg, S.J. Brooks, D. Trbojevic
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
  • D. Douglas
    Douglas Consulting, York, Virginia, USA
  • G.H. Hoffstaetter
    Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
  • V.S. Morozov
    ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
 
  Funding: This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Nuclear Physics under contract DE-AC05-06OR23177.
This work will describe the current status of the FFA@CEBAF energy upgrade feasibility studies. Technical updates are given, but more specific details are left to separate contributions. Specifically, this work will discuss improvements to the FFA arcs, a new recirculating injector proposal, and numerous modifications to the current 12 GeV CEBAF which will be required, such as the spreaders and recombiners architecture, splitters (time-of-flight chicanes), the extraction system, and the hall lines.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOST023  
About • Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 15 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 06 July 2022
Cite • reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)  
 
THPOST029 Upgrade of the Slow Extraction System of the Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Centre’s Synchrotron synchrotron, experiment, feedback, FEL 2509
 
  • E. Feldmeier, R. Cee, E.C. Cortés García, M. Galonska, Th. Haberer, M. Hun, A. Peters, S. Scheloske, C. Schömers
    HIT, Heidelberg, Germany
 
  The Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Centre HIT consists of a linear accelerator and a synchrotron to provide carbon ions, helium ions and protons for the clinical use as well as oxygen ions for experiments. The RF-KO slow extraction method is used to extract the particles from the synchrotron. To improve the spill quality of the extracted beam a new RF-signal was investigated which increases the R-value from 92.5% to 97,5%. The signal is a multiband RF signal broadened with a random BPSK at 3 frequency bands.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOST029  
About • Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 24 June 2022
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THPOPT049 Beam Dynamics Studies for the Diamond-II Injector booster, storage-ring, injection, emittance 2708
 
  • I.P.S. Martin, R.T. Fielder, J. Kallestrup, T. Olsson, B. Singh
    DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
  • J.K. Jones, B.D. Muratori
    STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
 
  The replacement, low-emittance booster for the Diamond-II project will have a racetrack structure of 36 units cells constructed from alternating focussing and defocussing combined-function dipoles*. In this paper we report on how the design and performance characterisation of the booster has recently developed; this includes an increase in the injection energy from 100 to 150 MeV, a modified circumference to match to the storage ring RF frequency, and a new nominal tune-point to improve the performance and enable emittance exchange. The influence of the vacuum chamber impedance and intra-beam scattering on the electron bunch parameters during the ramp are presented, along with the necessary changes to the transfer line layouts.
*I.P.S. Martin, et al. "Progress with the Booster Design for the Diamond-II Upgrade", in Proc. IPAC’21, paper ID MOPAB071, Campinas, Brazil, May 2021
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOPT049  
About • Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 15 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 29 June 2022
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THPOTK005 The New High Field Septum Magnet for Upgrading of Fast Extraction in Main Ring of J-PARC operation, flattop, septum, proton 2778
 
  • T. Shibata, K. Ishii, S. Iwata, H. Matsumoto, N. Matsumoto, T. Sugimoto
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  • K. Fan
    HUST, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
 
  Upgrading the beam-power of the J-PARC Main Ring to 750 kW is underway by reducing the cycle from 2.48 s to 1.3 s. Required upgrade of the four High Field (HF) Septa will be completed in 2022. The operation test of a new HF SM31 was conducted in 2020. First was 1 Hz operation test. The power supply had no problem in the operation, and the joule heating at the magnet coil was lower than limit. We found a good linearity between the current and the gap field which has no saturation. The field integral in the magnet gap was measured to calculate the appropriate current for beam operation, and we found it was 3,400 A. We compared the gap field of the neutrino side with that of the beam abort side. The magnitude of gap field had no significant discrepancy larger than its measurement accuracy. The end-fringe field was measured and the we found large leakage field still existed around the end-fringes. We are producing an additional magnetic shield which will be mounted in the circulating beam duct, and it will finished in Feb. 2022. In next March we will install the inner shield and measured the leakage field. After that we will install the new SM31 in MR.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOTK005  
About • Received ※ 20 May 2022 — Revised ※ 10 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 14 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 28 June 2022
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THPOMS015 New Design of Cyclotron for Proton Therapy cyclotron, cavity, proton, acceleration 2973
 
  • O. Karamyshev
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
 
  An innovative approach to a design of cyclotron allows to produce cheaper and more power efficient cyclotrons for medical and industrial application. A design of 230 MeV proton cyclotron for proton therapy, using this approach is presented. The cyclotron is one of the line of cyclotrons from 15 to 230 MeV, that uses same magnet field level and RF frequency and utilises many identical solutions within the lineup to make it cheaper to produce and run.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOMS015  
About • Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 14 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 15 June 2022
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THPOMS017 MSC230 Superconducting Cyclotron for Proton Therapy cyclotron, proton, cavity, acceleration 2981
 
  • O. Karamyshev, K. Bunyatov, S. Gurskiy, G.G. Hodshibagijan, G.A. Karamysheva, D. Nikiforov, M.S. Novikov, D. Popov, V.M. Romanov, G. Shirkov, S.G. Shirkov, A.A. Sinitsa, G.V. Trubnikov, S. Yakovenko
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  • V.A. Gerasimov, I.D. Lyapin, V. Malinin
    JINR/DLNP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
 
  Superconducting cyclotron MSC230 is dedicated for acceleration the proton beam to 230 MeV for medico-biological research. MSC230 is an isochronous four-sector compact cyclotron with a magnetic field in the center of 1.7 T. Acceleration is performed at the fourth harmonic mode of the accelerating radio-frequency (RF) system consisting of four cavities located in the cyclotron valleys. The accelerator will use an internal Penning type source with a hot cathode. Extraction is carried out by an electrostatic deflector located in the gap between sectors and two passive magnetic channels. The current status of the project is discussed.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOMS017  
About • Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 14 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 04 July 2022
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THPOMS019 Slow Extraction Modelling for NIMMS Hadron Therapy Synchrotrons emittance, synchrotron, betatron, resonance 2988
 
  • R.L. Taylor
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  • E. Benedetto, M. Sapinski
    SEEIIST, Geneva, Switzerland
  • J. Pasternak
    Imperial College of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
 
  Funding: This study was (partially) supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no. 101008548 (HITRIplus).
The Next Ion Medical Machine Study (NIMMS) is an umbrella R&D programme for CERN accelerator technologies targeting advanced accelerator options for proton and light ion therapy. In collaboration with the European program HITRIplus, one area of study is slow extraction which is required to deliver a uniform beam spill for radiotherapy treatment. Several techniques use the third-order resonance to extract hadrons; these include betatron core driven extraction and radiofrequency knock-out. Flexible simulations tools using these techniques were prepared and initially benchmarked with results from the literature that used the Proton-Ion Medical Machine Study (PIMMS) design. The limits of the current PIMMS design were then pushed to evaluate its compatibility to deliver >10x higher intensity ion beams, and using increased extraction rates.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOMS019  
About • Received ※ 19 May 2022 — Revised ※ 15 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 21 June 2022
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THPOMS043 Mu*STAR: Superconducting Accelerator Driven Subcritical Molten Salt Nuclear Power Plants neutron, target, site, operation 3067
 
  • R.P. Johnson, R.J. Abrams, M.A. Cummings, J.D. Lobo, T.J. Roberts
    Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA
 
  The Mu*STAR Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) is a transformational and disruptive concept using advances in superconducting accelerator technology to burn spent nuclear fuel (SNF) to close the fuel cycle and to eliminate need for uranium enrichment. One linac drives multiple Mu*STAR Small Modular Reactors (SMR) using subcritical molten salt fueled reactors with an internal spallation neutron target. Neutrons initiate fission chains that die out in the subcritical core. That means intrinsic immunity to criticality accidents. This new way to make nuclear energy employs continuous online removal of all fission products from molten salt fuel volatiles removed by helium purge gas. This reduces chance of accidental release. Non-volatiles removed by vortex separators, allowing complete burning of SNF.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOMS043  
About • Received ※ 09 June 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 14 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 16 June 2022
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THPOMS049 Energy Comparison of Room Temperature and Superconducting Synchrotrons for Hadron Therapy synchrotron, dipole, operation, proton 3080
 
  • G. Bisoffi
    INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy
  • E. Benedetto, M. Karppinen, M.R. Khalvati, M. Vretenar, R. van Weelderen
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  • M.G. Pullia, G. Venchi
    CNAO Foundation, Pavia, Italy
  • L. Rossi
    INFN/LASA, Segrate (MI), Italy
  • M. Sapinski
    PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
  • M. Sorbi
    Universita’ degli Studi di Milano & INFN, Segrate, Italy
  • R.U. Valente
    La Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
 
  The yearly energy requirements of normal conducting (NC) and superconducting (SC) magnet options of a new hadron therapy (HT) facility are compared. Special reference is made to the layouts considered for the proposed SEEIIST facility. Benchmarking with the NC CNAO HT centre in Pavia (Italy) was carried out. The energy comparison is centred on the different synchrotron solutions, assuming the same injector and lines in the designs. The beam current is more than a factor 10 higher with respect to present generation facilities. This allows efficient ’multi-energy extraction’ (MEE), which shortens the therapy treatment and is needed especially in the SC option, because of the slow magnet ramping time. Hence, power values of the facility in the traditional mode were converted into MEE ones, for the sake of a fair stepwise comparison between NC and SC magnets. The use of cryocoolers and a liquefier are also compared, for synchrotron refrigeration. This study shows that a NC facility operated in MEE mode requires the least average energy, followed by the SC synchrotron solution with a liquefier, while the most energy intensive solution is the SC one with cryocoolers.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOMS049  
About • Received ※ 20 May 2022 — Revised ※ 17 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 28 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 10 July 2022
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FROXGD3 Injection Beam Measurement Using Synchrotron Radiation Monitor at the SuperKEKB Electron Ring injection, electron, synchrotron, operation 3121
 
  • H. Ikeda, T.M. Mitsuhashi, G. Mitsuka
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
 
  We upgraded the diamond mirror of the SuperKEKB electron ring to extract the good quality synchrotron light in 2020 summer. As a result, the accuracy of profile measurement for each bunch using a gate camera has improved dramatically, and it has become possible to measure the incident beam for each turn. The electron beam was injected with single turn injection mode to measure the properties of the beam and measured turn by turn after injection. In order to convert the measurement results into beam size, convolution by diffraction effect and absolute value calibration using real images were performed. We report the behavior of the injection beam during normal operation of SuperKEKB.  
slides icon Slides FROXGD3 [5.560 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-FROXGD3  
About • Received ※ 09 June 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 14 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 07 July 2022
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