MC6: Beam Instrumentation, Controls, Feedback and Operational Aspects
T03 Beam Diagnostics and Instrumentation
Paper Title Page
MOPAB021 A Dispersive Quadrupole Scan Technique for Transverse Beam Characterization 107
 
  • J. Kallestrup, M. Aiba
    PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
  • N. Carmignani, T.P. Perron
    ESRF, Grenoble, France
 
  Quadrupole scans are one of the standard techniques to characterize the transverse beam properties in transfer lines or linacs. However, in the presence of dispersion the usage of regular quadrupole scans will lead to erroneous estimates of the beam parameters. The standard solution to this problem is to measure the dispersion and then subtract it in the post-analysis of the quadrupole scan measurements assuming the design energy spread. Here we show that the dispersive contribution to the beam size can be included in the quadrupole scan procedure, forming a linear system of equations that can be solved to obtain both the betatronic and dispersive beam parameters. The method is tested at both the SLS and ESRF booster-to-ring transfer lines leading to reasonable estimates of the beam parameters.  
poster icon Poster MOPAB021 [0.447 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB021  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 June 2021       issue date ※ 19 August 2021  
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MOPAB140 Gas Sheet Ionization Diagnostic for High Intensity Electron Beams 489
 
  • N.P. Norvell, G. Andonian, T.J. Campese, A.-L.M.S. Lamure, M. Ruelas, A.Yu. Smirnov
    RadiaBeam, Santa Monica, California, USA
  • N.M. Cook
    RadiaSoft LLC, Boulder, Colorado, USA
  • J.K. Penney
    UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
  • C.P. Welsch
    The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
 
  Funding: Work supported by DOE grant DE-SC0019717
The characterization of high intensity charged particle beams in a minimally interceptive, and non-destructive manner is performed using an ionization diagnostic. In this application, a neutral gas is tailored into a thin sheet, or curtain-like, distribution at the interaction point with an electron beam. The electron beam ionizes the neutral gas in localized space, leaving a footprint of the beam transverse distribution. The ion cloud is subseqeuntly imaged with a series of electrostatic lenses to a detector plane. The resultant image is used in a reconstruction algorithm to reconstruct the beam profile at the interaction point. In this paper, we present progress on the development of this diagnostic for the characterization of high charge, 10GeV electron beams with small transverse distributions.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB140  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 10 June 2021       issue date ※ 01 September 2021  
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MOPAB150 Optimization of the Gain Medium Delivery System for an X-Ray Laser Oscillator 524
 
  • M. Yadav, N. Majernik, P. Manwani, B. Naranjo, C. Pellegrini, J.B. Rosenzweig
    UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
  • E.C. Galtier, A. Halavanau, C. Pellegrini
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  • A. Malinouski
    ASC HMTI, Minsk, Belarus
 
  Funding: This work was supported by DE-SC0009914.
X-ray laser oscillator, dubbed XLO, is a recently proposed project at SLAC to build the first population inversion X-ray laser. XLO utilizes a train of XFEL SASE pulses to pump atomic core-states. The resulting amplified spontaneous emission radiation is recirculated in a backscattering Bragg cavity and subsequently amplified. XLO could provide fully coherent, transform-limited X-ray pulses with 50 meV bandwidth and 1e10 photons. Currently, XLO is being considered for operation at the copper K-alpha line at 8048 eV. In this work, we focus on the optimization of gain medium delivery in the XLO cavity. We consider a fast, subsonic jet of copper nitrate solution, moving through a cylindrical nozzle. We focus on the nozzle geometry optimization and possible diagnostics of the jet-XFEL interaction point.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB150  
About • paper received ※ 24 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 18 June 2021       issue date ※ 27 August 2021  
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MOPAB163 First Synchronous Measurement of Single-Bunched Electron and Positron Beams with a Wideband Feedthrough-BPM at the Positron Capture Section of the SuperKEKB Injector Linac 557
 
  • M.A. Rehman, F. Miyahara, T. Suwada
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
 
  The SuperKEKB is an asymmetric e/e+ collider with 40 times higher luminosity than the KEKB project, to explore the new physics beyond the standard model. For the SuperKEKB, the positrons are created by striking the accelerated electrons at a tungsten target. The secondary electrons are also produced during the positron creation process and accelerated in the capture section. Because of phase slipping in the capture section, the secondary electron bunch is only  ∼ 180 ps away from the positron. Conventional stripline-type BPM cannot detect such closely spaced and opposite polarity signals due to slow frequency response and high cable losses. Therefore, a new wideband feedthrough-type beam position monitor was developed. It was successfully employed at the positron capture section of the SuperKEKB injector linac for the first synchronous measurement of the electron and positron beams. The cable losses effect also has been de-embedded to reveal correct signal properties. This paper describes the initial results of synchronous measurement of e/e+ transverse position.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB163  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 27 May 2021       issue date ※ 16 August 2021  
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MOPAB228 Introducing two Energy-Correction Schemes at DELTA 740
 
  • S. Kötter
    DELTA, Dortmund, Germany
 
  At DELTA, a 1.5 GeV synchrotron light source operated by the TU Dortmund University, two methods to correct the beam energy of the storage ring have been tested. The first one is capable of maintaining the current beam energy. The second method is used to find the optimal orbit length. Here, the ideas behind both methods are explained and first test results are presented. Numerical studies are shown together with measurement results.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB228  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 June 2021       issue date ※ 29 August 2021  
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MOPAB275 Study on Supports of BPM Displacement Measurement System for HLS 870
 
  • C.H. Wang, P. Lu, B.G. Sun, T.Y. Zhou
    USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
 
  Funding: National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory
HLS is the second-generation light source with energy of 800 MeV and emittance of less than 40 nm-rad. In order to improve the beam orbit stability and correct the errors introduced in the orbital feedback system due to movement of the vacuum chamber and BPM, a system for measuring BPM displacement will be built. It requires a high degree of mechanical and thermal stability for its supports. The support should have a higher eigen-frequency to minimize the amplification of ground vibration. In this paper, a series of simulation, including finite element analysis (FEA), measurement and analysis have been done upon the support to make sure it can meet the requirements of the stability of the BPM displacement measurement system.
 
poster icon Poster MOPAB275 [1.025 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB275  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 21 May 2021       issue date ※ 26 August 2021  
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MOPAB276 Investigation on the injection of the Arronax Cyclotron 70XP 873
 
  • F. Poirier, F. Bulteau-Harel, T. Durand, X. Goiziou, C. Koumeir, C. Lassalle, H. Trichet
    Cyclotron ARRONAX, Saint-Herblain, France
  • F. Haddad
    SUBATECH, Nantes, France
 
  Funding: This work is supported by grants from the ANR program "Investissements d’Avenir", n°ANR-11-EQPX-0004, n°ANR-11-LABX-18-01 and n°ANR-16-IDE-0007 and by a PhD scholarship from CNRS/IN2P3.
A 70 MeV cyclotron is being used at the Arronax GIP (Interest Public Group), France, for various types of R&D on nuclear, biological and chemical reactions with beams and radioisotopes production. In order to adapt its usage for experiments and users demands of high peak intensity, above an equivalent average of a few µA, the injection is being adapted. Several studies are thus being performed in this section. These include the newly installed chopper-based system and the injection collimator. This paper details the various studies, specifically the signal purity obtained in the pulsed mode. A mode particularly adapted for flash irradiation.
 
poster icon Poster MOPAB276 [2.522 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB276  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 23 June 2021       issue date ※ 15 August 2021  
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MOPAB277 Installation, Use and Follow-Up of an Emittance-Meter at the Arronax Cyclotron 70XP 877
 
  • F. Poirier, R. Bellamy, F. Bulteau-Harel, C. Castel, T. Durand, X. Goiziou, F. Haddad, C. Koumeir, R. Lelièvre, G. Mechin, L. Perrigaud, J. Poudevigne, H. Trichet
    Cyclotron ARRONAX, Saint-Herblain, France
  • T. Adam, P.G. Graehling, M. Heine, C. Maazouzi, F.R. Osswald, E.K. Traykov
    IPHC, Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
  • A. Dinkov, S. Wurth
    IJCLab, ORSAY, France
  • F. Haddad
    SUBATECH, Nantes, France
 
  Funding: This work is supported by grants from the ANR program "Investissements d’Avenir", n°ANR-11-EQPX-0004, n°ANR-11-LABX-18-01 and n°ANR-16-IDE-0007 and by a PhD scholarship from CNRS/IN2P3.
The 70 MeV cyclotron group of the Arronax GIP (Interest Public Group), France, foresees to increase its beam intensity on target. For this, several beam studies are being performed in the various sections of the accelerator including the injection. Thus, an Allison-type emittance-meter has been installed in this section above the cyclotron and downstream a quadrupole triplet. Installation and the first results of a campaign of measurements are presented including high intensity runs, up to 1 mA for 40 keV H ions. The emittance-meter is expected to be used with several accelerators throughout the world. Therefore, a strategy on the follow-up of the activation of sample materials used in the equipment is being established and is described in the paper.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB277  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 27 May 2021       issue date ※ 12 August 2021  
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MOPAB278 Prototype of the Bunch Arrival Time Monitor for SHINE 881
 
  • X.Q. Liu, L.W. Lai
    SARI-CAS, Pudong, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
  • Y.B. Leng, R.X. Yuan, N. Zhang, Y.M. Zhou
    SSRF, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
 
  Funding: Youth Innovation Promotion Association, CAS (Grant No. 2019290)
Bunch arrival time monitor (BAM) is an important tool to investigate the temporal characteristic of electron bunch in free electron lasers (FEL). Since the timing jitter of electron bunch will affect the FEL’s stability and the resolution of time-resolved experiment at FELs, it is nec-essary to precisely measure the electron bunch’s arrival time information to stabilize the electron bunch’s timing jitter using beam-based feedback. The BAM based on electro-optic modulator (EOM) is currently being devel-oping for Shanghai high-repetition-rate XFEL and Ex-treme light facility (SHINE). And the first BAM prototype has been installed on SXFEL for beam test. The beam test result shows that the estimated resolution of the pro-totype is about 27.5 fs rms.
 
poster icon Poster MOPAB278 [1.166 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB278  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 23 June 2021       issue date ※ 30 August 2021  
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MOPAB279 Non-Invasive Beam Profile Monitoring for the HL-LHC Hollow Electron Lens 884
 
  • A. Salehilashkajani, N. Kumar, O. Sedláček, C.P. Welsch, H.D. Zhang
    The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
  • M. Ady, N.S. Chritin, N. Jens, O.R. Jones, R. Kersevan, T. Lefèvre, S. Mazzoni, G. Papazoglou, A. Rossi, G. Schneider, R. Veness
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • P. Forck, S. Udrea
    GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
  • N. Kumar, O. Sedláček, C.P. Welsch, H.D. Zhang
    Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
 
  Funding: This work was supported by the HL-LHC-UK phase II project funded by STFC under Grant Ref: ST/T001925/1 and the STFC Cockcroft core grant No. ST/G008248/1.
A Hollow Electron Lens (HEL) is currently under development for the High-Luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC). In this device, a hollow electron beam co-propagates with a central proton beam and provides active halo control in the LHC. To ensure the concentricity of the two beams, a non-invasive diagnostic instrument is currently being commissioned. This instrument is a compact version of an existing prototype that leverages beam induced fluorescence with supersonic gas curtain technology. This contribution includes the design features of this version of the monitor, recent progress, and future plans for tests at the Cockcroft Institute and the electron lens test stand at CERN.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB279  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 15 June 2021       issue date ※ 02 September 2021  
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MOPAB280 Split Ring Resonator Experiment - Simulation Results 888
 
  • J. Schäfer, B. Härer, A. Malygin, A.-S. Müller, M. Nabinger, M.J. Nasse, T. Schmelzer, M. Schuh, T. Windbichler
    KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
 
  Funding: Supported by "Karlsruhe School of Elementary and Astroparticle Physics: Science and Technology (KSETA)" and European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme.
FLUTE (Ferninfrarot Linac- Und Test-Experiment) is a compact linac-based test facility for accelerator and diagnostics R&D. An example for a new accelerator diagnostics tool currently studied at FLUTE is the split-ring-resonator (SRR) experiment, which aims to measure the longitudinal bunch profile of fs-scale electron bunches. Laser-generated THz radiation is used to excite a high frequency oscillating electromagnetic field in the SRR. Particles passing through the SRR gap are time-dependently deflected in the vertical plane, which allows a vertical streaking of an electron bunch. This principle allows a diagnosis of the longitudinal bunch profile in the femtosecond time domain and will be tested at FLUTE. This contribution presents an overview of the SRR experiment and the results of various tracking simulations for different scenarios as a function of laser pulse length and bunch charge. Based on these results possible working points for the experiments at FLUTE will be proposed.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB280  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 21 June 2021       issue date ※ 01 September 2021  
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MOPAB281 Research on Resolution Evaluation of Stripline BPM at SXFEL-UF 892
 
  • B. Gao, J. Chen, Y.B. Leng
    SSRF, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
 
  48 stripline BPMs are installed in the injection section and linear acceleration section of Shanghai X-ray Free Electron Laser (SXFEL) for electron beam position measurement. These two sections require resolution of 20 µm@100pC. Resolution evaluation is an important step in BPM installation and commissioning. This paper presents BPM resolution evaluation methods based on correlation analysis. Experimental methods, data processing and result analysis will be discussed  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB281  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 27 May 2021       issue date ※ 02 September 2021  
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MOPAB282 Development of a Multi-Camera System for Non-Invasive Intense Ion Beam Investigations 895
 
  • A. Ateş, H. Hähnel, U. Ratzinger, K. Volk, C. Wagner
    IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
 
  The continued popularity of miniaturized cameras integrated into smartphones is leading to further research for more advanced CMOS camera sensors. This made CMOS technology even superior to scientific CCD cameras. Due to the lower power consumption and high flexibility, a multicamera system can be developed more effectively. At the Institute of Applied Physics at Goethe University Frankfurt (IAP) a prototype of a beam induced rest gas fluorescence monitor (BIF) was developed and tested successfully. The BIF consists of x and y single board cameras integrated into the vacuum chamber. A multi-camera system was installed in the LEBT area of the FRANZ project at the IAP within the first diagnostic chamber. This system consists of six cameras. With this equipment it is possible to investigate the beam along a 484 mm path in x and y direction. The developments on the reconstruction and image processing methods are in progress.  
poster icon Poster MOPAB282 [1.139 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB282  
About • paper received ※ 12 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 08 June 2021       issue date ※ 24 August 2021  
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MOPAB283 Simulations of Space-Charge and Guiding Fields Effects on the Performance of Gas Jet Profile Monitoring 898
 
  • O. Sedláček, N. Kumar, A. Salehilashkajani, C.P. Welsch, H.D. Zhang
    The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
  • P. Forck, S. Udrea
    GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
  • N. Kumar, A. Salehilashkajani, O. Sedláček, C.P. Welsch, H.D. Zhang
    Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  • S. Mazzoni, O. Sedláček
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
 
  Gas jet based profile monitors inject a usually curtain shaped gas jet across a charged particle beam and exploit the results of the minimally invasive beam-gas interaction to provide information about the beam’s transversal profile. Such monitor will be installed as part of the High Luminosity LHC upgrade at CERN in the Hollow Electron Lens (HEL). The HEL represents a new collimation stage increasing the diffusion rate of halo particles by placing a high intensity hollow electron beam concentrically around the LHC beam. The gas jet monitor will use the fluorescence radiation resulting due to the beam-gas interaction to create an image of the profiles of both hollow electron and LHC beams However, the high beam space-charge and strong guiding magnetic field of the electron beam cause significant displacements of the excited molecules, as they are also ionized, and thus image distortions. This work presents preliminary simulation results showing expected fluorescence images of the hollow electron profile as affected by space-charge and guiding fields using simulation tools such as IPMsim. The influence of the estimated electron beam and gas jet curtain parameters are investigated.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB283  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 28 July 2021       issue date ※ 19 August 2021  
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MOPAB284 Status of the Dedicated Electron Diagnostic Beamline at AXSIS 902
 
  • H. Dinter, R.W. Aßmann, F. Burkart, M.J. Kellermeier
    DESY, Hamburg, Germany
  • C. Lechner
    EuXFEL, Schenefeld, Germany
 
  Funding: The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013) / ERC Grant Agreement n. 609920.
AXSIS (Attosecond X-ray Science: Imaging and Spectroscopy) is a compact, accelerator-driven X-ray source currently under construction at DESY Hamburg. It comprises a THz-powered electron gun and THz-driven linac for all-optical electron extraction and acceleration to several MeV with the goal of providing X-rays generated by inverse Compton scattering for photon science experiments. For the commissioning and characterisation of the THz gun and linac the facility includes a dedicated accelerator testing area, for which an electron diagnostic beamline has been designed and is currently under construction. The challenges imposed by the AXSIS project on the development of the diagnostics beamline are the wide ranges of bunch charge (15 fC to 3 pC) and energy (5 MeV to 20 MeV) expected from the THz-driven accelerator as well as the limited available space of only ca. 2.5 metres length. In this contribution we present an overview of the design and the current commissioning status of the electron diagnostic beamline as well as plans for future steps.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB284  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 18 June 2021       issue date ※ 25 August 2021  
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MOPAB286 Towards a Data Science Enabled MeV Ultrafast Electron Diffraction System 906
 
  • M.A. Fazio, S. Biedron, M. Martínez-Ramón, D.J. Monk, S.I. Sosa Guitron
    UNM-ECE, Albuquerque, USA
  • M. Babzien, K.A. Brown, M.G. Fedurin, J.J. Li, M.A. Palmer, J. Tao
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
  • S. Biedron, T. Talbott
    UNM-ME, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
  • J. Chen, A.J. Hurd, N.A. Moody, R. Prasankumar, C. Sweeney
    LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
  • D. Martin, M.E. Papka
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
 
  Funding: US DOE, SC, BES, MSE, award DE-SC0021365 and DOE NNSA award 89233218CNA000001 through DOE’s EPSCoR program in Office of BES with resources of DOE SC User Facilities BNL’s ATF and ALCF.
A MeV ultrafast electron diffraction (MUED) instrument is a unique characterization technique to study ultrafast processes in materials by a pump-probe technique. This relatively young technology can be advanced further into a turn-key instrument by using data science and artificial intelligence (AI) mechanisms in conjunctions with high-performance computing. This can facilitate automated operation, data acquisition and real time or near- real time processing. AI based system controls can provide real time feedback on the electron beam which is currently not possible due to the use of destructive diagnostics. Deep learning can be applied to the MUED diffraction patterns to recover valuable information on subtle lattice variations that can lead to a greater understanding of a wide range of material systems. A data science enabled MUED facility will also facilitate the application of this technique, expand its user base, and provide a fully automated state-of-the-art instrument. We will discuss the progress made on the MUED instrument in the Accelerator Test Facility of Brookhaven National Laboratory.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB286  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 09 June 2021       issue date ※ 25 August 2021  
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MOPAB287 The Development of Single Pulse High Dynamic Range BPM Signal Detector Design at AWA 909
 
  • E.M. Siebert, S. Baturin
    Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, USA
  • D.S. Doran, G. Ha, W. Liu, P. Piot, J.G. Power, J.H. Shao, C. Whiteford, E.E. Wisniewski
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
 
  Funding: the US Department of Energy, Office of Science
Single pulse high dynamic range BPM signal detector has been on the most wanted list of Argonne Wakefield Accelerator (AWA) Test Facility for many years. Unique capabilities of AWA beamline require BPM instrumentation with an unprecedented dynamic range, thus cost effective solution could be challenging to design and prototype. Our most recent design, and the results of our quest for a solution, are shared in this paper.
 
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DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB287  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 23 June 2021       issue date ※ 13 August 2021  
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MOPAB288 Real-Time Edge AI for Distributed Systems (READS): Progress on Beam Loss De-Blending for the Fermilab Main Injector and Recycler 912
 
  • K.J. Hazelwood, M.R. Austin, M.A. Ibrahim, V.P. Nagaslaev, A. Narayanan, D.J. Nicklaus, A.L. Saewert, B.A. Schupbach, K. Seiya, R.M. Thurman-Keup, N.V. Tran
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  • H. Liu, S. Memik, R. Shi, M. Thieme
    Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
  • A. Narayanan
    Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, USA
 
  The Fermilab Main Injector enclosure houses two accelerators, the Main Injector and Recycler. During normal operation, high intensity proton beams exist simultaneously in both. The two accelerators share the same beam loss monitors (BLM) and monitoring system. Beam losses in the Main Injector enclosure are monitored for tuning the accelerators and machine protection. Losses are currently attributed to a specific machine based on timing. However, this method alone is insufficient and often inaccurate, resulting in more difficult machine tuning and unnecessary machine downtime. Machine experts can often distinguish the correct source of beam loss. This suggests a machine learning (ML) model may be producible to help de-blend losses between machines. Work is underway as part of the Fermilab Real-time Edge AI for Distributed Systems Project (READS) to develop a ML empowered system that collects streamed BLM data and additional machine readings to infer in real-time, which machine generated beam loss.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB288  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 29 July 2021       issue date ※ 13 August 2021  
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MOPAB289 Machine Learning Training for HOM reduction and Emittance Preservation in a TESLA-type Cryomodule at FAST 916
 
  • J.A. Diaz Cruz
    UNM-ECE, Albuquerque, USA
  • J.A. Diaz Cruz, A.L. Edelen, B.T. Jacobson, J.P. Sikora
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  • D.R. Edstrom, A.H. Lumpkin, R.M. Thurman-Keup
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
 
  Low emittance electron beams are of high importance at facilities like the LCLS-II at SLAC. Emittance dilution effects due to off-axis beam transport for a TESLA-type cryomodule (CM) have been shown at the Fermilab Accelerator Science and Technology facility. The results showed the correlation between the electron beam-induced cavity high-order modes (HOMs) and submacropulse centroid slewing and oscillation downstream of the CM. Mitigation of emittance dilution can be achieved by reducing the HOM signals and the variances in the submacropulse beam positions downstream of the CM. Here we present a Machine Learning based optimization and model construction for HOM signal level reduction using Neural Networks and Gaussian Processes. To gather training data we performed experiments using single bunch and 50 bunch electron beams with charges up to 125 pC/b. We measured HOM signals of all cavities and beam position with a set of BPMs downstream of the CM. The beam trajectory was changed using V/H125 corrector set located upstream of the CM. The results presented here will inform the LCLS-II injector commissioning and will serve as a prototype for HOM reduction and emittance preservation.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB289  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 09 June 2021       issue date ※ 14 August 2021  
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MOPAB291 Design of Cavity BPM Pickup for EuPRAXIA@SPARC_LAB 924
 
  • Sh. Bilanishvili
    INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy
 
  EuPRAXIA@SPARC_LAB will make available at LNF a unique combination offering three different options. A high-brightness electron beam with 1 GeV energy generated in a novel X-band RF linac; A PW-class laser system, and a compact light-source directly driven by a plasma accelerator*. Plasma and conventional RF linac driven FEL provide beam with parameters of 30- 200pC charge range, 10-100Hz repetition rate, and 1 GeV electron energy**. The control of the charge and the trajectory monitoring at a few pC and a few um is mandatory in this machine. Particularly in the plasma interaction region, where the pickup resolution under 1 um is required. As a possible solution, a cavity beam position monitor (cBPM) is proposed. A prototype in the C-band frequency range has been designed. The pickup was optimized for low charge and single-shot bunches. The poster presents the process to achieve the required specifications. The simulations were performed to study RF properties and the electromagnetic response of the device. Finally, the overall performance of the pickup is discussed, and theoretical resolution is approximated.
* https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335459394FromSPARCLABtoEuPRAXIASPARC_LAB
**http://www.lnf.infn.it/sis/preprint/detail-new.php?id=5416
 
poster icon Poster MOPAB291 [16.718 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB291  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 09 June 2021       issue date ※ 23 August 2021  
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MOPAB293 Electro-Optical Diagnostics at KARA and FLUTE - Results and Prospects 927
 
  • G. Niehues, E. Bründermann, M. Caselle, S. Funkner, A.-S. Müller, M.J. Nasse, M.M. Patil, R. Ruprecht, M. Schuh, M. Weber, C. Widmann
    KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
 
  Funding: S.F. was funded by BMBF contract No. 05K16VKA, C. W. by BMBF contract number 05K19VKD. G.N. and E.B. acknowledge support by the Helmholtz President’s strategic fund IVF "Plasma Accelerators".
Electro-optical (EO) methods are nowadays well-proven diagnostic tools, which are utilized to detect THz fields in countless experiments. The world’s first near-field EO sampling monitor at an electron storage ring was developed and installed at the KIT storage ring KARA (Karlsruhe Research Accelerator) and optimized to detect longitudinal bunch profiles. This experiment with other diagnostic techniques builds a distributed, synchronized sensor network to gain comprehensive data about the phase-space of electron bunches as well as the produced coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR). These measurements facilitate studies of physical conditions to provide, at the end, intense and stable CSR in the THz range. At KIT, we also operate FLUTE (Ferninfrarot Linac- und Test-Experiment), a new compact versatile linear accelerator as a test facility for novel techniques and diagnostics. There, EO diagnostics will be implemented to open up possibilities to evaluate and compare new techniques for longitudinal bunch diagnostics. In this contribution, we will give an overview of results achieved, the current status of the EO diagnostic setups at KARA and FLUTE and discuss future prospects.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB293  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 07 July 2021       issue date ※ 17 August 2021  
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MOPAB294 Implementing Electro-Optical Diagnostics for Measuring the CSR Far-Field at KARA 931
 
  • C. Widmann, E. Bründermann, M. Caselle, S. Funkner, A.-S. Müller, M.J. Nasse, G. Niehues, M.M. Patil, C. Sax, J.L. Steinmann, M. Weber
    KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
  • C. Mai
    DELTA, Dortmund, Germany
 
  Funding: This work was supported by BMBF ErUM-Pro project 05K19 STARTRAC, C.W. was funded under contract No. 05K19VDK, C.M. under contract No. 05K19PEC, S.F. under contract No. 05K16VKA.
For measuring the temporal profile of the coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR) at the KIT storage ring KARA (Karlsruhe Research Accelerator) an experimental setup based on electro-optical spectral decoding (EOSD) is currently being implemented. The EOSD technique allows single-shot, phase-sensitive measurements of the far-field radiation on a turn-by-turn basis at rates in the MHz range. Therefore, the resulting THz radiation from the dynamics of the bunch evolution, e.g. the microbunching, can be observed with high temporal resolution. This far-field setup is part of the distributed sensor network at KARA. Additionally to the information acquired from the near-field EOSD spectral decoding and the horizontal bunch profile monitor, it enables to monitor the longitudinal phase-space of the bunch. In this contribution, the characterization of the far-field setup is summarized and its implementation is discussed.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB294  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 07 June 2021       issue date ※ 18 August 2021  
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MOPAB295 Simulation Study of Emittance Measurement Using a Genetic Algorithm for Space Charge Dominated Beams 935
 
  • H.D. Zhang, C.P. Welsch
    Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  • C.P. Welsch, H.D. Zhang
    The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
 
  Funding: This work was supported by the HL-LHC-UK phase II project funded by STFC under Grant Ref: ST/T001925/1 under and the STFC Cockcroft core grant No. ST/G008248/1.
The quadrupole scan method is one of the traditional ways to measure beam emittance in an accelerator. The required devices are simple: several quadrupole magnets and a beam profile monitor. Beam sizes are measured from the beam profile monitor with different quadrupole settings to bring the beam through its waist and then fitted to a quadratic equation to determine the Twiss parameters. measured data from a quadrupole scan taking the beam through its waist is fitted to a quadratic equation and this allows determining the Twiss parameters. However, with increasing beam intensity, the transfer function becomes non-linear and this causes a deviation of the fitted emittance from its real value, making it no longer useful. In this contribution, a genetic algorithm is applied to find the optimum quadrupole scan fit in space-charge dominated electron beams. Results from simulations using different space charge levels are presented and scenarios identified where this method can be applied.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB295  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 28 May 2021       issue date ※ 02 September 2021  
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MOPAB296 Statistical Analysis of 2D Single-Shot PPRE Bunch Measurements 939
 
  • M. Koopmans, J.-G. Hwang, A. Jankowiak, M. Ries, A. Schälicke, G. Schiwietz
    HZB, Berlin, Germany
 
  The pulse picking by resonant excitation (PPRE) method* is used to realize pseudo single-bunch radiation from a complex filling pattern at the BESSY II storage ring. The PPRE bunch is excited in the horizontal plane by a quasi-resonant incoherent perturbation to increase the emittance of this bunch**. Therefore, the synchrotron light of the PPRE bunch can be separated by collimation from the radiation of the main bunch train at dedicated beamlines for timing users. The properties of the PPRE bunch depend on the storage ring settings and on the excitation parameters. It is not trivial to distinguish between the wanted intrinsic bunch broadening and an additional position fluctuation of the PPRE bunch. Using the potential of the new diagnostics beamline with the possibility to observe an additional spatial dimension with a fast streak camera, we introduce a new method to study the properties of the PPRE bunch***. Applying a statistical analysis to a series of single-turn images enables distinguishing between horizontal orbit motion and the broadening of the bunch due to the excitation. Measurements are presented and the results are compared with data from the BPM system.
* K. Holldack et al., Nature Commun. 5 (2014) 4010.
** J.-G. Hwang et al., Nucl. Instrum. Methods A940 (2019) 387.
*** G. Schiwietz et al., Nucl. Instrum. Methods A990 (2021) 164992.
 
poster icon Poster MOPAB296 [2.074 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB296  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 June 2021       issue date ※ 23 August 2021  
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MOPAB300 Description of the Beam Diagnostics Systems for the SOCIT, SODIT and SODIB Applied Research Stations Based on the NICA Accelerator Complex 946
 
  • A. Slivin, A. Agapov, A.A. Baldin, A.V. Butenko, G.A. Filatov, K.N. Shipulin, E. Syresin, G.N. Timoshenko, A. Tuzikov
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  • D.V. Bobrovskiy, A.I. Chumakov, S. Soloviev
    MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
  • I.L. Glebov, V.A. Luzanov
    GIRO-PROM, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  • A.S. Kubankin
    BelSU, Belgorod, Russia
  • T. Kulevoy, Y.E. Titarenko
    ITEP, Moscow, Russia
 
  Within the framework of the NICA project an Innovation Block is being constructed. It includes an applied research station for microchips with a package for Single Event Effects (SEE) testing (energy range of 150-500 MeV/n, the SODIT station), an applied research station for testing of decapsulated microchips (ion energy up to 3,2 MeV/n, the SOCIT station), and an applied research station for space radiobiological research and modelling of influence of heavy charged particles on cognitive functions of the brain of small laboratory animals and primates (energy range 500-1000 MeV/n, the SODIB station). The systems for diagnostics and control of the beam characteristics during the certification and adjustment as well as the systems for online diagnostics and control of the beam characteristics of the SOCIT, SODIT and SODIB applied research stations are described.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB300  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 27 May 2021       issue date ※ 23 August 2021  
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MOPAB301 A Concept for Reconstruction of the Capsulated Microchip Structure Using Its Interaction with High-Energy Ion Beams of the NICA Accelerator Complex 949
 
  • A. Slivin, A.V. Butenko, G.A. Filatov, E. Syresin, A. Tuzikov, A. Zhemchugov
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
 
  Within the framework of the NICA project an applied research station for irradiation by long-range ions (SODIT) is being constructed for testing radiation hardness of semiconductor micro- and nanoelectronics products in the energy range of 150-350 MeV/n. Calculations for the interaction of high-energy gold ions with the microchip and strip detector structures are performed using the GEANT4 simulation toolkit. A concept was developed for reconstruction of the capsulated microchip structure in terms of depth and in terms of cross-section using interaction with high-energy ions at the technical station for irradiation by long-range ions. The possibility of localizing the radiation-vulnerable area of the microchip is evaluated.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB301  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 20 May 2021       issue date ※ 17 August 2021  
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MOPAB302 Characterization of the Full Transverse Phase Space of Electron Bunches at ARES 952
 
  • S. Jaster-Merz, R.W. Aßmann, R. Brinkmann, F. Burkart, H. Dinter, W. Kuropka, F. Mayet, T. Vinatier
    DESY, Hamburg, Germany
  • R.W. Aßmann
    INFN/LNF, Frascati, Italy
  • S. Jaster-Merz
    University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
 
  The ARES linear accelerator at the SINBAD facility (DESY) is dedicated to perform accelerator R&D studies with sub-fs short electron bunches to test novel acceleration techniques and diagnostics devices. Currently, the commissioning of the linac is ongoing and first experiments are being performed. For this, the knowledge of the full phase space of the particle beams is of high interest to, for example, optimize the accelerator performance and identify possible errors in the beam line. Tomographic methods can be used to gain insight into the full 4D transverse phase space and its correlations. Here, simulation results and first experimental preparations of a 4D transverse phase-space tomography of electron bunches at ARES are presented and discussed.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB302  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 16 June 2021       issue date ※ 30 August 2021  
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MOPAB303 Design of the X-Ray Beam Size Monitor for the Advanced Photon Source Upgrade 956
 
  • K.P. Wootton, F.K. Anthony, K. Belcher, J.S. Budz, J. Carwardine, W.X. Cheng, S. Chitra, G. Decker, S.J. Izzo, S.H. Lee, J. Lenner, Z. Liu, P. McNamara, H.V. Nguyen, F.S. Rafael, C. Roehrig, J. Runchey, N. Sereno, G. Shen, J.B. Stevens, B.X. Yang
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
 
  Funding: This research used resources of the Advanced Photon Source, operated for the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
A beam size monitor provides an intuitive display of the status of the beam profile and motion in an accelerator. In the present work, we outline the design of the X-ray electron beam size monitor for the Advanced Photon Source Upgrade. Components and anticipated performance characteristics of the beam size monitor are outlined.
 
poster icon Poster MOPAB303 [0.577 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB303  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 June 2021       issue date ※ 24 August 2021  
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MOPAB304 Beam Diagnostics for Multi-Objective Bayesian Optimization at the Argonne Wakefield Accelerator Facility 960
 
  • J.P. Gonzalez-Aguilera, Y.K. Kim
    University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
  • W. Liu, P. Piot, J.G. Power, E.E. Wisniewski
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
  • R.J. Roussel
    Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
 
  Particle accelerators must achieve certain beam quality objectives for use in different experiments. Usually, optimizing certain beam objectives comes at the expense of others. Additionally, there are many input parameters and a limited number of diagnostics. Therefore, accelerator tuning becomes a multi-objective optimization problem with a limited number of observations. Multi-objective Bayesian optimization was recently proposed as an efficient method to find the Pareto front for an online accelerator tuning problem with reduced number of observations. In order to experimentally test the multi-objective Bayesian optimization method, a novel accelerator diagnostic is being designed to measure multiple beam quality metrics of an electron beam at the Argonne Wakefield Accelerator Facility. Here, we present a design consisting in a pepper-pot mask, a dipole magnet and a scintillation screen, which allows a simultaneous measurement of the electron beam energy spread and vertical emittance. Additionally, a surrogate model for the vertical emittance was constructed with only 60 observations and without prior knowledge of the objective function nor diagnostics constraints.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB304  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 08 June 2021       issue date ※ 26 August 2021  
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MOPAB310 Vertical Phase Space Measurement Progress at Canadian Light Source 963
 
  • Y. Yousefi Sigari, D. Bertwistle, M.J. Boland
    CLS, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
  • M.J. Boland
    University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
 
  A key feature of third-generation light sources is their small vertical opening angle, which is difficult to measure experimentally. To reconstruct the vertical phase space, one can scan the beam’s position using X-ray synchrotron radiation (XSR) and a pinhole camera. The XSR diagnostic beamline, operational in the wavelength region of 0.05 - 0.15 nm, in Canadian Light Source (CLS) is qualified to measure the beam position with X-ray radiation. Using the corrector magnets in CLS lattice made of 12 identical double-bend achromats (DBA) cells, vertical iterations can be executed parallel to the beam’s original orbit. The outcomes of this experiment are: 1) the vertical beam positions that are monitored by BPMs, and 2) the X-ray image of the beam that is projected through the pinhole. The bumps were simulated using Matlab Middle Layer (MML) for Accelerator control systems to get an insight of the source point’s position in the XSR’s bending magnet. The simulation shows the position of the source point depends on which corrector sets are chosen.  
poster icon Poster MOPAB310 [0.328 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB310  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 28 July 2021       issue date ※ 13 August 2021  
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MOPAB313 Argonaut - A Robotic System for Cryogenic Environments 966
 
  • W. Pellico, N.M. Curfman, M. Wong-Squires
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
 
  Funding: Department of Energy
Fermilab and the HEP community invest significant resources into liquid argon detectors. The largest and most expensive of these detectors will be located in the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE). However, recent experiences have shown that there are limited avenues of monitoring, intervention, and interaction in the internal liquid environment. This proposal shows a technological path that could provide a valuable tool to ensure or at least improve the management of these HEP detectors. The development of a robotic system named Argonaut will demonstrate several technologies including 1) demonstration of suitable mobility of a small robotic device at liquid argon temperatures, 2) demonstration of wireless communication, 3) demonstration of improved diagnostics capabilities - such as tunable optics with motion control, 4) demonstration of interconnectivity of a robotic system with hardware residing within the detector. This initial research will be a seed for extended development in cold robotics and associated technologies. This work will allow FNAL to contribute a significant technology capability to recent efforts to cryogenic detector operations.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB313  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 21 May 2021       issue date ※ 25 August 2021  
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MOPAB314 Surrogate Modeling for MUED with Neural Networks 970
 
  • D.J. Monk, S. Biedron, M.A. Fazio, M. Martínez-Ramón, S.I. Sosa Guitron
    UNM-ECE, Albuquerque, USA
  • M. Babzien, K.A. Brown, M.A. Palmer, J. Tao
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
  • D. Martin, M.E. Papka
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
  • T. Talbott
    UNM-ME, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
 
  Electron diffraction is among the most complex and influential inventions of the last century and contributes to research in many areas of physics and engineering. Not only does it aid in problems like materials and plasma research, electron diffraction systems like the MeV ultra-fast electron diffraction(MUED) instrument at the Brookhaven National Lab(BNL) also present opportunities to explore/implement surrogate modeling methods using artificial intelligence/machine learning/deep learning algorithms. Running the MUED system requires extended periods of uninterrupted runtime, skilled operators, and many varying parameters that depend on the desired output. These problems lend themselves to techniques based on neural networks(NNs), which are suited to modeling, system controls, and analysis of time-varying/multi-parameter systems. NNs can be deployed in model-based control areas and can be used simulate control designs, planned experiments, and to simulate employment of new components. Surrogate models based on NNs provide fast and accurate results, ideal for real-time control systems during continuous operation and may be used to identify irregular beam behavior as they develop.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB314  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 07 June 2021       issue date ※ 15 August 2021  
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MOPAB315 Beam Diagnostics for Commissioning and Operation of the FAIR Proton Linac 972
 
  • T. Sieber, P. Forck, S. Udrea
    GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
  • J. Herranz, A. Vizcaino-de-Julian
    Proactive Research and Development, Sabadell, Spain
 
  For the planned antiproton experiments at FAIR a dedicated proton injector Linac is currently under construction. It will be connected via the old UNILAC transfer beamline to SIS18 and has a length of ~30 m. The Linac will accelerate protons up to a final energy of 68 MeV, at a pulse length of 35 µs and a maximum repetition rate of 4 Hz. It will operate at 325 MHz and consists of a new so called "Ladder" RFQ type, followed by a chain of CH-cavities, partially coupled by rf-coupling cells. We have worked out a diagnostics system, which allows detailed measurement and study of all beam parameters during commissioning and later during regular operation. The diagnostics devices will - in a first step - be installed on a diagnostics testbench for stepwise commissioning. We present the concepts for Linac and testbench with some special emphasis on energy measurements with spectrometer and SEM Grid profile measurements.  
poster icon Poster MOPAB315 [3.149 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB315  
About • paper received ※ 14 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 24 June 2021       issue date ※ 30 August 2021  
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MOPAB316 Commissioning the New CERN Beam Instrumentation Following the Upgrade of the LHC Injector Chain 976
 
  • F. Roncarolo, S. Bart Pedersen, J.M. Belleman, D. Belohrad, M. Bozzolan, C. Bracco, S. Di Carlo, J. Emery, A. Goldblatt, A. Guerrero, S. Levasseur, A. Navarro Fernandez, E. Renner, H.S. Sandberg, J.W. Storey, J. Tan, J. Tassan-Viol
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • A. Navarro Fernandez
    UPC, Barcelona, Spain
  • E. Renner
    TU Vienna, Wien, Austria
 
  The LHC injectors Upgrade (LIU) program has been fully implemented during the second long shutdown (LS2), which took place in 2019-20. In this context, new or upgraded beam instrumentation was developed to cope with H beam in LINAC4 and the new Proton Synchrotron Booster (PSB) injection systems which would provide high brightness proton beams in the rest of the injector complex. After a short overview of the newly installed diagnostics, the main focus of this paper will move to the instruments already commissioned with the beam. This will include LINAC4 diagnostics, the PSB H0/H monitor, the PSB Trajectory Measurement System, and the PS beam gas ionization monitor. In addition, particular emphasis will be given to the first operational experience with the new generation of fast wire scanners installed in all injector synchronous.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB316  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 17 June 2021       issue date ※ 14 August 2021  
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MOPAB318 Beam Characterization of Five Electrode ECR Ion Source 980
 
  • H.M. Kewlani, S. Gharat, S. Krishnagopal, J.V. Mathew, S.V.L.S. Rao
    BARC, Mumbai, India
  • B. Dikshit, H.M. Kewlani, S. Krishnagopal
    Homi Bhbha National Institute (HBNI), DAE, Mumbai, India
 
  A five electrode ECR Ion Source (ECRIS) was developed for the Low Energy High-Intensity Proton Accelerator (LEHIPA) at BARC. The ECRIS is operated at the energy of 50 keV with a beam current of 20 mA. The ECRIS characterization is done for the beam current, beam emittance, and proton fraction in continuous and pulse beam operation. The pulsed beam operation of the ion source starting from 500 µs to 200 ms of pulse on time with a repetition rate of 1 to 10 Hz. The transverse beam emittance measurement is done by using an Allison scanner. The beam emittance characterization experiments are conducted by varying applied microwave power to the plasma, operating gas pressure of plasma and puller voltage. The measured beam emittance is in the range of 0.3 pi.mm. mrad to 0.4 pi.mm. mrad for 50 keV beam. In this paper beam emittance experiment setup and results are discussed.  
poster icon Poster MOPAB318 [2.496 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB318  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 10 June 2021       issue date ※ 16 August 2021  
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MOPAB319 Development of a Fast Betatron Tune and Chromaticity Measurement System for COSY 983
 
  • P.J. Niedermayer, C. Böhme, B. Breitkreutz, V. Kamerdzhiev, A. Lehrach
    FZJ, Jülich, Germany
  • A. Lehrach
    RWTH, Aachen, Germany
 
  A fast tune measurement is developed for the Cooler Synchrotron COSY at the Institut für Kernphysik of Forschungszentrum Jülich. Betatron oscillations of the beam are excited with a band-limited RF signal via a stripline kicker. Resonant transverse oscillations are then observed using capacitive beam position monitors. Based on the bunch-by-bunch beam position data the betatron tune is determined. The usage of bunch-by-bunch data is characteristic of the new system. It allows for a discrete tune measurement within a few milliseconds, as well as continuous tune monitoring during beam acceleration. The high precision tune measurement also enables determination of the beam chromaticity. Therefore, the beam momentum is varied by means of the RF frequency and the subsequent tune change is determined. For routine use during beam operation and experiments, the developed method is integrated into the control system.  
poster icon Poster MOPAB319 [1.209 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB319  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 16 June 2021       issue date ※ 12 August 2021  
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MOPAB320 The CMS ECAL Enfourneur: A Gigantic Machine with a Soft Touch 986
 
  • V. Pettinacci
    INFN-Roma, Roma, Italy
 
  The electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL) of the CMS experiment at the LHC is composed of 75848 scintillating lead tungstate crystals arranged in a barrel section and two endcaps. The barrel part is made of 36 supermodules (SM), 2.7 tons each, and is installed inside the CMS magnet. There are 18 SMs on each side of CMS, with each SM containing 1700 crystals. During Long Shutdown 3, all ECAL SMs must be extracted to refurbish the electronics in preparation for HL-LHC. A dedicated machine called the "Enfourneur" is used to extract and re-insert the SMs inside CMS, with a required accuracy of about 1mm. In order to speed up the extraction and insertion process, two Enfourneurs will be employed, operating in parallel on both sides. In view of the purchase of the second Enfourneur, the design has been improved, starting from the feedback of past operations. The improvements to the new Enfourneur design include increased space for the operators, optimization of the operations and the controls with the use of electric motors, and an updated alignment system. Handling plans inside the CMS cavern have been defined in order to be compliant with the rest of CMS structures and procedures.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB320  
About • paper received ※ 11 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 17 August 2021       issue date ※ 20 August 2021  
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MOPAB321 Schlieren Imaging for Flow Visualisation of Gas Jet in Vacuum for Accelerator Applications 989
 
  • S. Rosily, B. Dikshit, S. Krishnagopal
    Homi Bhbha National Institute (HBNI), DAE, Mumbai, India
  • S. Krishnagopal, S. Rosily
    BARC, Mumbai, India
 
  Schlieren imaging was explored for flow visualising of a gas jet in vacuum for beam profile monitor application. In supersonic gas jet based beam profile monitors, the high density jet flows through various differentially pumped skimmer stages before being shaped into a sheet. Schlieren imaging is a well known technique used in aerodynamic studies to visualise gas flow. This technique is explained in the paper along with a gist of other flow visualisation techniques. An Z-type schlieren imaging setup used to view the high density flow features of a pulsed supersonic gas jet inside vacuum is described in detail. Flow around a Pitot probe in supersonic flow was simulated and the resultant density profile obtained was compared with the image obtained using schlieren imaging. The flow features including a detached shock around the tip of the probe was observable at medium and high vacuum after processing the image. Image processing algorithms and tools useful for this application are also discussed.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB321  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 26 May 2021       issue date ※ 29 August 2021  
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MOPAB323 Commissioning of the LCLS-II Prototype HOM Detectors with Tesla-Type Cavities at Fast 996
 
  • J.P. Sikora, J.A. Diaz Cruz, B.T. Jacobson
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  • J.A. Diaz Cruz
    UNM-ECE, Albuquerque, USA
  • D.R. Edstrom, A.H. Lumpkin, P.S. Prieto, J. Ruan, R.M. Thurman-Keup
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
 
  Funding: *Work supported by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy. **Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, contract DE-AC02-76SF00515.
Experiments at the Fermilab Accelerator Science and Technology* (FAST) facility detected electron beam-induced high order mode (HOM) signals from Tesla superconducting cavities. This paper describes some of the signal detection hardware used in this experiment, as well as measurements of the HOM signal magnitude versus beam trajectory. These measurements were made both with a single bunch and with a train of 50 bunches at bunch charges from 400 pC/b down to 10 pC/b. The detection hardware is designed for use with the Tesla superconducting cavities of LCLS-II at SLAC** and is based on a prototype already in use at Fermilab. The HOM signal passes through a bandpass filter that is centered on several cavity dipole modes and a zero bias Schottky diode detects its magnitude. Direct comparisons were made between the FNAL chassis and the SLAC prototype for identical beam steering conditions. To support measurements with bunch charges as low as 10 pC, the SLAC detector has RF amplification between the bandpass filter and the diode detector. With this hardware, usable HOM signal measurements are obtained with a single bunch of 10 pC in cryomodule cavities as will be needed for LCLS-II.
 
poster icon Poster MOPAB323 [2.076 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB323  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 07 June 2021       issue date ※ 14 August 2021  
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MOPAB324 High Voltage Design and Evaluation of Wien Filters for the CEBAF 200 keV Injector Upgrade 1000
 
  • G.G. Palacios Serrano, P.A. Adderley, J.F. Benesch, D.B. Bullard, J.M. Grames, C. Hernandez-Garcia, A.S. Hofler, D. Machie, M. Poelker, M.L. Stutzman, R. Suleiman
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  • H. Baumgart, G.G. Palacios Serrano
    ODU, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
 
  Funding: This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Nuclear Physics under contract DE-AC05-06OR23177.
High-energy nuclear physics experiments at the Jefferson Lab Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) require highly spin-polarization electron beams, produced from strained super-lattice GaAs photocathodes, activated to negative electron affinity in a photogun operating at 130 kV dc. A pair of Wien filter spin rotators in the injector defines the orientation of the electron beam polarization at the end station target. An upgrade of the CEBAF injector to better support the upcoming MOLLER experiment requires increasing the electron beam energy to 200 keV, to reduce unwanted helicity correlated intensity and position systematics and provide precise control of the polarization orientation. Our contribution describes design, fabrication and testing of the high voltage system to upgrade the Wien spin rotator to be compatible with the 200 keV beam. This required Solidworks modeling, CST and Opera electro- and magnetostatic simulations, upgrading HV vacuum feedthroughs, and assembly techniques for improving electrode alignment. The electric and magnetic fields required by the Wien condition and the successful HV characterization under vacuum conditions are also presented.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB324  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 24 May 2021       issue date ※ 29 August 2021  
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MOPAB325 Development of Bunch Width Monitor with High Time Resolution for Low Emittance Muon Beam in the J-PARC Muon g-2 / EDM Experiment 1004
 
  • M. Yotsuzuka, T. Iijima, K. Inami, Y. Sue, K. Sumi
    Nagoya University, Graduate School of Science, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
  • T. Iijima
    KMI, Nagoya, AIchi Prefecture, Japan
  • Y. Kondo
    JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan
  • T. Mibe
    KEK, Tsukuba, Japan
  • Y. Nakazawa
    Ibaraki University, Ibaraki, Japan
  • M. Otani, N. Saito
    J-PARC, KEK & JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan
  • Y. Takeuchi
    Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
  • H.Y. Yasuda
    University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
 
  The J-PARC muon g-2/EDM experiment plans to measure the muon anomalous magnetic moment and electric dipole moment sensitive to new physics with high precision. This experiment uses a novel method using the low-emittance muon beam achieved by cooling and re-acceleration. In the muon linac consisting of four different accelerating cavities, the main cause of the emittance growth is the beam mismatch between the different cavities. Especially for the cavity in the low-beta section (ß=0.08-0.27), the longitudinal acceptance is narrow and beam mismatch has a significant impact. In order to perform beam matching in the low-beta cavity, a new beam monitor that can measure the low-emittance muon beam with high time resolution is required. Therefore, we developed a bunch width monitor (BWM) using a microchannel plate. The time resolution of the BWM was measured to be 40 picoseconds on the test bench using a picosecond pulse laser. It means that the BWM is possible to perform diagnosis with a phase accuracy of 1% for the acceleration phase of 324 MHz. We also evaluated factors that limit the current time resolution. In this presentation, the results of an evaluation of the BWM are reported.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB325  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 08 June 2021       issue date ※ 10 August 2021  
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MOPAB326 Maximum Entropy Reconstruction of 4D Transverse Phase Space from 2D Projections: with Application to Laser Wire Measurements in the SNS HEBT 1008
 
  • C.Y. Wong, A.P. Shishlo
    ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
 
  We employ the principle of maximum entropy (MENT) to reconstruct 4D transverse phase space from its 2D projections. Emittance devices commonly measure two specific 2D projections, i.e. the horizontal and vertical phase space distributions. We show that: 1) given only these two 2D projections, their product is the analytic MENT solution to the 4D distribution; and 2) additional 2D projections provide information on inter-plane coupling in the MENT reconstruction of the 4D phase space which can be solved numerically. At the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS), laser wires in the high energy beam transport (HEBT) enable non-invasive two-slit type transverse phase space measurements. Laser wires play the role of the first slit whereas physical wires downstream of a drift act as the second slit. We reconstruct the 4D phase space in the HEBT using all four horizontal/vertical permutations of the two slits where: 1) the two configurations with parallel slits constitute ordinary 2D phase space measurements in either plane; and 2) the two configurations with perpendicular slits carry coupling information.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB326  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 19 July 2021       issue date ※ 17 August 2021  
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MOPAB327 Beam Loss Diagnostics System for SKIF Synchrotron Light Source 1012
 
  • X.C. Ma
    BINP, Novosibirsk, Russia
  • S.V. Ivanenko, E.A. Puryga
    Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk, Russia
  • A.D. Khilchenko, Yu.I. Maltseva, O.I. Meshkov
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
  • Yu.I. Maltseva, O.I. Meshkov
    NSU, Novosibirsk, Russia
 
  The Siberian ring photon source (SKIF) is a new generation synchrotron light source designed and built by the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics. The beam loss diagnostics system is a tool for monitoring beam loss information. It is widely used in modern large accelerators to provide a basis for diagnosing and locating machine faults, optimizing and debugging working beam parameters, and improving beam lifetime. Two types of beam loss monitor (BLM) will be applied on SKIF: fiber-based Cherenkov beam loss monitor (CBLM) and scintillator-based BLM (SBLM). Multi-mode silica fibers CBLM will be installed on linear accelerator and transfer lines. 128 SBLMs will be placed around the storage ring, dynamic ranges and sophisticated electronic equipment are employed to cover different SKIF operating modes. This article represents the details of design of beam loss diagnostics of SKIF, introduces the simulation and experimental studies of CBLM and SBLM.  
poster icon Poster MOPAB327 [4.893 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB327  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 26 May 2021       issue date ※ 30 August 2021  
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MOPAB328 Beam Instrumentation for Linear Accelerator of SKIF Synchrotron Light Source 1016
 
  • X.C. Ma
    BINP, Novosibirsk, Russia
  • M.V. Arsentyeva, E.A. Bekhtenev, V.M. Borin, G.V. Karpov, Yu.I. Maltseva, O.I. Meshkov, D.A. Nikiforov, O.A. Pavlov, V.G. Tcheskidov, V. Volkov
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
  • M.V. Arsentyeva, E.A. Bekhtenev, V.M. Borin, Yu.I. Maltseva, O.I. Meshkov, D.A. Nikiforov
    NSU, Novosibirsk, Russia
  • V.M. Borin
    NSTU, Novosibirsk, Russia
 
  A new synchrotron light source SKIF of the 4th generation is under construction at BINP SB RAS (Novosibirsk, Russia). The linear accelerator is SKIF’s injector to provide 200 MeV electron beam. The set of diagnostics will be applied for tuning of the linear accelerator and measurements of beam parameters from electron RF gun to output of the accelerator. It includes 8 fluorescent screens for the beam transverse dimensions measurement, 2 Cherenkov probes for the beam duration measurement, magnetic spectrometer with range from 0.6 to 200 MeV, and some beam charge and current measurement devices, as Faraday cup, FCT, BPM along linear accelerator. Numerical simulations of diagnostics elements and results of beam dynamics simulations are introduced in paper. Brief description of the design and parameters of each diagnostics system is presented. Possible scenarios of linear accelerator tuning are also discussed.  
poster icon Poster MOPAB328 [2.324 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB328  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 21 May 2021       issue date ※ 31 August 2021  
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TUPAB275 Enhanced Orthogonal Polarization Component Treatment in COTRI Model for Microbunched Beam Diagnostics 2113
 
  • D.W. Rule
    Private Address, Silver Spring, USA
  • A.H. Lumpkin
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
 
  Funding: Work supported by U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
We present the results of modifying our coherent optical transition radiation interferometry (COTRI) model’s treatment of the perpendicular polarization of OTR, Iperp. Our previous analytic approximation for Iperp was for beam divergences, sy << 1/g, where g is the Lorentz factor and sy is the rms y-component of the beam divergence. We have replaced our analytical form with a Gaussian quadrature for the convolution of Iperp with the divergence in theta-y. This extends the range of divergences we reliably model to sy > 1/g. Ipar, the parallel polarization in the model, is unchanged. Iperp is polarized along the y-axis and is proportional to the square of the y-component of the beam’s velocity distribution. We illustrate our results with two cases: 1) beam energy E=1 GeV, OTR wavelength 633 nm, Q=235 pC, microbunching fraction, bf=1%, divergences of 0.1-0.7 mrad, and rms beam sizes 2,10, and 30 microns; 2) E=375 MeV, wavelength 266 nm, Q=300 pC, bf=10%, divergences of 0.1-0,7 mrad, and rms beam sizes of 10,25,50, and 100 microns. We will present two cases that would be of interest for the diagnostics of laser-plasma accelerator beams* and pre-bunched FELs**, respectively.
* A. H. Lumpkin et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 125, 014801 (2020).
** A. H. Lumpkin and D. W. Rule, in Proc., 39th International FEL Conference, FEL 2019 (JACoW Pub., Hamburg, Germany, 2019), pp. 408-411.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB275  
About • paper received ※ 22 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 10 June 2021       issue date ※ 20 August 2021  
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TUPAB277 Bunch Length Characterizations for the Solaris Injector LINAC 2117
 
  • A. Curcio, M.A. Knafel, G.W. Kowalski, R. Panaś, M. Waniczek, A.I. Wawrzyniak
    NSRC SOLARIS, Kraków, Poland
 
  During 2020 the first characterization of bunch length and bunch profile in the Solaris injector LINAC has been performed since the start of its operation. In absence of more sophisticated bunch length diagnostics, we have adopted an inversion algorithm applied to beam energy spectra. In practice, the method applies a transformation matrix which maps the particle energy into the particle longitudinal coordinate along the bunch. The construction of this matrix is made analytically, based on the solution of the Liouville equation for the study of the longitudinal beam dynamics. The analytic approach has been benchmarked with experimental measurements of the beam properties along the machine and cross-checked with other tools, as particle tracking and/or beam optics codes. The final results are presented. Moreover, a new diagnostic station at the end of the LINAC has been installed which will host experiments of coherent radiation emission that will be used to confirm the validity of our observations. Preliminary simulations of the coherent spectra are finally reported.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB277  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 17 June 2021       issue date ※ 12 August 2021  
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TUPAB278 The HL-LHC Beam Gas Vertex Monitor - Simulations for Design Optimisation and Performance Study 2120
 
  • H. Guerin, O.R. Jones, R. Kieffer, B. Kolbinger, T. Lefèvre, B. Salvant, J.W. Storey, R. Veness, C. Zamantzas
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  • S.M. Gibson, H. Guerin
    Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, United Kingdom
 
  The Beam Gas Vertex (BGV) instrument is a non-invasive transverse beam profile monitor being designed as part of the High Luminosity Upgrade of the LHC (HL-LHC) at CERN. Its aim is to continuously measure bunch-by-bunch beam profiles, independent of beam intensity, throughout the LHC cycle. The primary components of the BGV monitor are a gas target and a forward tracking detector. Secondary particles emerging from inelastic beam-gas interactions are detected by the tracker. The beam profile is then inferred from the spatial distribution of reconstructed vertices of said interactions. Based on insights and conclusions acquired by a demonstrator device that was operated in the LHC during Run 2, a new design is being developed to fulfill the HL-LHC specifications. This contribution describes the status of the simulation studies being performed to evaluate the impact of design parameters on the instrument’s performance and identify gas target and tracker requirements.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB278  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 21 June 2021       issue date ※ 30 August 2021  
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TUPAB279 First Tests of Beam Position Monitor Electronics with Bunch Resolving Capabilities 2124
 
  • G. Rehm, F. Falkenstern, J. Kuszynski, A. Schälicke
    HZB, Berlin, Germany
 
  We are reporting on first tests of a beam position monitor using 1 GS/s data streams of signals from a four button pickup. The system digitizes signals of ~2 GHz bandwidth using a choice of sampling frequency that realizes equivalent time sampling. The data is subsequently processed in the Fourier domain to unfold the aliased spectral lines and apply an impulse response correction per channel. After transforming back into time domain, individual bunch signals can be clearly identified and selected for further processing and decimation. The paper will provide detail on the hardware implementation and demonstrate the bunch resolving capabilities, long term stability and beam intensity dependence using beam tests in BESSY-II and synthetic signals.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB279  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 06 July 2021       issue date ※ 27 August 2021  
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TUPAB280 Quantum Gas Jet Scanner Based Beam Profile Monitors 2128
 
  • N. Kumar, A. Salehilashkajani, C.P. Welsch, H.D. Zhang
    Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  • N. Kumar, A. Salehilashkajani, C.P. Welsch, H.D. Zhang
    The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
 
  Funding: This work is supported by the HL-LHC-UK project funded by STFC and CERN and the STFC Cockcroft core grant No. ST/G008248/1.
A quantum gas jet scanner-based beam profile monitor is under development at the Cockcroft Institute (CI), the UK for beam diagnostics based on the principle of ionization detection induced in a quantum gas jet interacting with an ionizing primary beam that shall be characterized. It promises superior position resolution and high signal intensity resulting from a strongly focused quantum gas jet. In order to achieve the gas jet with a diameter of less than 100 µm, a novel focusing method exploiting the quantum wave function of the neutral gas atoms, generate an interference pattern with a single maximum acting as an ultra-thin gas jet. An ‘atom sieve’ has been designed for generating the interference pattern, applying the principle of a photon sieve. It will be analogous to a mechanical wire scanner though with a minimal interception. The idea of moving a quantum gas jet through the beam is proposed for transverse profiling. This contribution provides a general overview of the design, working principle, the results obtained from initial measurements carried out at CI and University of Bergen (Norway), for designing the same and possible methods for optimizing the scanner’s design.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB280  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 31 May 2021       issue date ※ 25 August 2021  
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TUPAB281 Gas-Mixing to Improve the Resolution of Non-Invasive Gas Jet-Based Ionization Profile Monitors 2132
 
  • N. Kumar, A. Salehilashkajani, C.P. Welsch, H.D. Zhang
    Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  • N. Kumar, A. Salehilashkajani, C.P. Welsch, H.D. Zhang
    The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
 
  Funding: This work is supported by the HL-LHC-UK project funded by STFC and CERN and the STFC Cockcroft core grant No. ST/G008248/1.
Ionization beam profile monitor using a supersonic gas jet is an attractive option for the characterization of low and medium energy beams. In this scheme, a primary beam crosses a 45-degree tilted thin gas curtain which causes ionization of gas molecules in the jet. The generated ions are then collected using an electrostatic extraction system to determine the 2D transverse profile of the primary beam. The most commonly used gases for the jet are neon and nitrogen. The signal from the gas jet is always super-imposed with the signal resulting from residual gases in the interaction chamber. CST simulations indicate that the gas jet speed is a key factor for the separation of the jet and the residual gas signals. To obtain a good signal separation, one can increase the velocity of the gas jet. This can be accomplished by generating a gas jet that mixes heavier and lighter gases. This contribution gives a general overview of the monitor design, discusses the effects of gas mixing and CST simulation results. It also presents experimental results obtained with Helium, and Nitrogen, as well as a mixture of them using different percentages and the impact on measurement resolution.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB281  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 June 2021       issue date ※ 13 August 2021  
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TUPAB283 Feasibility Study of ChDR Diagnostic Device in the LHC 2139
 
  • K. Łasocha
    Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
  • M. Bergamaschi, M. Krupa, K. Łasocha, T. Lefèvre, S. Mazzoni, N. Mounet, E. Senes
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • D.M. Harryman
    JAI, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom
  • P. Karataev
    Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, United Kingdom
  • A. Potylitsyn
    TPU, Tomsk, Russia
  • A. Schloegelhofer
    TU Vienna, Wien, Austria
 
  In recent years Cherenkov Diffraction Radiation (ChDR) has been reported as a phenomenon suitable for various types of particle accelerator diagnostics. As it would typically work best for highly relativistic beam, past studies and experiments have been mostly focusing on the lepton machines. This contribution investigates the prospects on the utilization of ChDR as a diagnostic tool for the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Based on theoretical considerations and simulation results we estimate the properties of the expected radiation, both in the incoherent and coherent domain, and we compare them with the requirements of the existing diagnostic systems. We also address the potential problem of the use of dielectric radiators in circular machines, where secondary electrons could potentially lead to the creation of electron clouds inside the beam pipe that may affect the radiator.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB283  
About • paper received ※ 14 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 18 June 2021       issue date ※ 02 September 2021  
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TUPAB284 BPM for the High Energy Beam Transport Line of MINERVA Project at SCK•CEN 2143
 
  • H. Kraft, L. Perrot
    Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
 
  This paper presents the status of developments concerning button type BPM. Results of our analytical model BPMOK will compare the measurements done at IPHI facility at CEA-Saclay and GANIL/SPIRAL2 in Caen. The measurements aims to compare the response of the analytical model depending on beam positions, sizes, intensities and energies. BPMOK is validated to predict BPM responses in order to make parametric studies. Starting from already existing BPM built for the MINERVA LINAC, the analytical model is used to design the BPM for the HEBT.  
poster icon Poster TUPAB284 [1.475 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB284  
About • paper received ※ 10 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 June 2021       issue date ※ 28 August 2021  
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TUPAB285 Broadband Imaging of Coherent Radiation as a Single-Shot Bunch Length Monitor with Femtosecond Resolution 2147
 
  • J. Wolfenden, R.B. Fiorito, E. Kukstas, C.P. Welsch
    The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
  • M. Brandin, B.S. Kyle, E. Mansten, S. Thorin
    MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
  • R.B. Fiorito, C.P. Welsch, J. Wolfenden
    Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  • E. Mansten
    Lund University, Division of Atomic Physics, Lund, Sweden
  • T.H. Pacey
    STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
 
  Funding: This work is supported by the AWAKE-UK project funded by STFC and the STFC Cockcroft core grant No. ST/G008248/1
Bunch length measurements with femtosecond resolution are a key component in the optimisation of beam quality in FELs, storage rings, and plasma-based accelerators. This contribution presents the development of a novel single-shot bunch length monitor with femtosecond resolution, based on broadband imaging of the spatial distribution of emitted coherent radiation. The technique can be applied to many radiation sources; in this study the focus is coherent transition radiation (CTR) at the MAX IV Short Pulse Facility. Bunch lengths of interest at this facility are <100 fs FWHM; therefore the CTR is in the THz to Far-IR range. To this end, a THz imaging system has been developed, utilising high resistivity float zone silicon lenses and a pyroelectric camera; building upon previous results where single-shot compression monitoring was achieved. This contribution presents simulations of this new CTR imaging system to demonstrate the synchrotron radiation mitigation and imaging capability provided, alongside initial measurements and a bunch length fitting algorithm, capable of shot-to-shot operation. A new machine learning analysis method is also discussed.
 
poster icon Poster TUPAB285 [2.008 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-TUPAB285  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 24 June 2021       issue date ※ 23 August 2021  
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WEPAB018 Space-Charge Effects in Ionization Beam Profile Monitors 2628
 
  • V.D. Shiltsev
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
 
  Ionization profile monitors (IPMs) are widely used in accelerators for non-destructive and fast diagnostics of high energy particle beams. At high beam intensities, the space-charge forces make the measured IPM profiles significantly different from those of the beams. We analyze dynamics of the secondaries in IPMs and develop an effective algorithm to reconstruct the beam sizes from the measured IPM profiles. Efficiency of the developed theory is illustrated in application to the Fermilab 8 GeV proton Booster IPMs.  
poster icon Poster WEPAB018 [0.731 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB018  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 24 June 2021       issue date ※ 20 August 2021  
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WEPAB021 Development and Testing of a Cherenkov Beam Loss Monitor in CLEAR Facility 2640
 
  • S. Benitez Berrocal, E. Effinger, W. Farabolini, A. Gilardi, P. Korysko, E. Lima, B. Salvachua, W. Viganò
    CERN, Geneva 23, Switzerland
  • P. Lane
    University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom
 
  Beam Loss Monitors are fundamental diagnostic systems in particle accelerators. Beam losses are measured by a wide range of detectors with excellent results; most of these devices are used to measure local beam losses. However, in some accelerators there is the need to measure beam losses continuously localized over longer distances i.e., several tens of meters. For this reason, a beam loss detector based on long optical fibres is now under study. As part of the design, several simulations, comparing different possible detection scenarios, have been performed in FLUKA and bench-marked with experimental data. An experimental campaign was performed with an electron beam in the CERN Linear Electron Accelerator for Research (CLEAR) in November 2020. The light emitted from the optical fibre was captured using Silicon Photo-Multipliers (SiPM) coupled at each fibre’s end. In this poster, the first results of a beam loss detector based on the capture of Cherenkov photons generated by charged particles inside multimode silica fibres are presented.  
poster icon Poster WEPAB021 [0.724 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB021  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 21 June 2021       issue date ※ 31 August 2021  
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WEPAB088 Transverse Beam Emittance Measurement by Undulator Radiation Power Noise 2794
 
  • I. Lobach
    University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
  • A. Halavanau, Z. Huang
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  • K. Kim
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
  • V.A. Lebedev, S. Nagaitsev, A.L. Romanov, G. Stancari, A. Valishev
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
 
  Generally, turn-to-turn power fluctuations of incoherent spontaneous synchrotron radiation in a storage ring depend on the 6D phase-space distribution of the electron bunch. In some cases, if only one parameter of the distribution is unknown, this parameter can be determined from the measured magnitude of these power fluctuations. In this contribution, we report the results of our experiment at the Integrable Optics Test Accelerator (IOTA) storage ring, where we carried out an absolute measurement (no free parameters or calibration) of a small vertical emittance (5–15 nm rms) of a flat beam by this new method, under conditions, when the small vertical emittance is unresolvable by a conventional synchrotron light beam size monitor.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB088  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 24 June 2021       issue date ※ 12 August 2021  
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WEPAB134 Experimental Studies of the In-Vacuum-Cryogenic Undulator Effect on Beam Instabilities at BESSY II 2929
 
  • M. Huck, J. Bahrdt, A. Meseck, G. Rehm, M. Ries, A. Schälicke
    HZB, Berlin, Germany
 
  A new in-vacuum cryogenic permanent magnet undulator (CPMU17) has been installed in summer 2018 in the BESSY II storage ring at HZB. Such a small gap in-vacuum undulator device increases the impedance of the storage ring and can contribute to the instabilities that adversely affect the beam quality and the device itself. To identify and explore the effects of CPMU17 on the instabilities at BESSY II, grow-damp and drive-damp experiments have been conducted using the installed bunch-by-bunch feedback system. In this paper, the first results of the mode and gap analysis of these studies with a brief overview of other impedance studies will be presented.  
poster icon Poster WEPAB134 [1.079 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB134  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 July 2021       issue date ※ 23 August 2021  
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WEPAB164 Electrodeless Diamond Beam Halo Monitor 2990
 
  • S.V. Kuzikov, S.P. Antipov, P.V. Avrakhov, E. Dosov, E.W. Knight, Y. Zhao
    Euclid TechLabs, Solon, Ohio, USA
  • J.G. Power, J. Shao
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
 
  Funding: This work was supported by DoE SBIR grant # DE-SC0019642.
Beam halo measurement is important for novel x-ray free-electron lasers which have remarkably high repetition rate and average power. We propose diamond as a radiation hard material that can be used to measure the flux of passing particles based on a particle-induced conductivity effect. Our diamond electrodeless monitor is based on a microwave measurement of the change in the resonator coupling and eigenfrequency. For measurements, we put a sensitive diamond sample in a resonator that intercepts the halo. By measuring the change in RF properties of the resonator, one can infer the beam halo parameters scanning across the beam to map its transverse distribution. In recent experiments we used a Vertical Beam Test Stand (VBS), delivered DC electron beam of the 20-200 keV energy with the current up to 50 µA, to characterize several diamond samples. We have designed and fabricated a scanning diamond monitor, based on an X-band resonator, which was tested at Argonne Wakefield Accelerator (AWA) with a multi-MeV electron beam.
 
poster icon Poster WEPAB164 [5.138 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB164  
About • paper received ※ 14 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 07 June 2021       issue date ※ 31 August 2021  
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WEPAB172 Recent Developments of the IDEAS-Halo Detector 3005
 
  • A. Liu, J.R. Callahan, B.T. Freemire
    Euclid TechLabs, Solon, Ohio, USA
  • J.F. Power, J.H. Shao
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
 
  Funding: This work was performed at Euclid and Argonne National Laboratory, and was supported by the US DOE Office of Science under contract number DE-SC0019538.
Euclid Techlabs has been designing and testing a cost-effective iris diaphragm beam halo/profile detector, which can be easily configured to work with various primary beam energies and sites. Besides working as a measurement device, it can also work as a controllable beam scraper/collimator. This novel iris diaphragm detector utilizes the current signal produced by the beam charge deposition on the moveable conductive iris blades, to accurately measure the beam distribution from the outlier to the beam core. In this paper, we discuss the recent developments of our iris diaphragm e-beam apparatus series (IDEAS)-halo detector, including its geometry upgrades and newest beam experiments done at the AWA cathode testbed (ACT) of Argonne National Laboratory.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB172  
About • paper received ※ 03 June 2021       paper accepted ※ 22 July 2021       issue date ※ 27 August 2021  
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WEPAB194 Feasibility of Using the Existing RHIC Stripline BPMs for the EIC 3077
 
  • M.P. Sangroula, C. Liu, M.G. Minty, P. Thieberger
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
 
  Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
The design of the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) will utilize portions of the existing Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) for the EIC hadron ring. The EIC design calls for up to 10-times shorter ion bunches compared to the present RHIC operation. Higher single bunch peak currents will result in higher voltages to the output ports of the BPMs consequently producing more heating of the cryogenic signal cables connected to these output ports. Therefore, the existing stripline BPMs should be either upgraded or replaced with new ones. In this paper, we explore the potentially cost-effective approach by incorporating an RF-shielding piece into the existing BPMs as opposed to replacing them completely. Starting with the power delivered to the output ports, we present the proposed BPM modification with the RF-shielding piece. Then we discuss in detail the RF-shielding piece geometry including the dimension of RF slot and RF-fingers configuration. Finally, we present the optimization of the shielding piece and the mechanical tolerances required for its fabrication.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB194  
About • paper received ※ 21 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 28 June 2021       issue date ※ 15 August 2021  
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WEPAB321 ALS-U Instrumentation Overview 3427
 
  • J.M. Weber, J.C. Bell, M.J. Chin, S. De Santis, R.F. Gunion, S. Murthy, W.E. Norum, G.J. Portmann, C. Serrano
    LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
  • W.K. Lewis
    Osprey DCS LLC, Ocean City, USA
 
  Funding: Work supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231
The Advanced Light Source Upgrade (ALS-U) to a diffraction-limited storage ring with a small vacuum chamber diameter requires excellent orbit stability and a fast response orbit interlock for machine protection. The on-axis swap-out injection scheme and dual RF frequencies demand fast monitoring of pulsed injection magnets and a novel approach to timing. Recent development efforts at ALS and advances in PLLs, FPGAs, and RFSoCs that provide higher performance and mixed-signal integration can be leveraged for instrumentation solutions to these accelerator challenges. An overview of preliminary ALS-U instrumentation system designs and status will be presented.
 
poster icon Poster WEPAB321 [23.306 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB321  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 27 July 2021       issue date ※ 22 August 2021  
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WEPAB322 Status of Digital BPM Signal Processor for SHINE 3430
 
  • L.W. Lai, F.Z. Chen, Y.B. Leng, T. Wu, Y.M. Zhou
    SSRF, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
  • J. Wan
    SINAP, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
 
  Funding: Youth Innovation Promotion Association, CAS (Grant No. 2019290); The National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2016YFA0401903).
Digital signal processors that can handle 1MHz bunch rate BPM signal processing are under development for SHINE. Two different processors have been developed at the same time, including an intermediate frequency signal processor with a sampling rate higher than 500MHz, which can be used in general BPM applications; and a direct RF sampling processor, which can directly sample the C band cavity BPM signal without analog down-conversion modules and greatly simplifies the cavity BPM system. This paper will introduce the design, development status, and performance evaluations of the processors.
 
poster icon Poster WEPAB322 [1.919 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB322  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 10 June 2021       issue date ※ 24 August 2021  
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WEPAB327 Sheet Electron Probe for Beam Tomography 3437
 
  • V.G. Dudnikov, M.A. Cummings, G. Dudnikova
    Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA
 
  Funding: Work is funded by DOE SBIR grant DE-SC0021581
An electron beam probe has been successfully used for the determination of accelerated particle density distributions. However, the apparatus used for this diagnostic had a large size and complex design which limit the broad use of this diagnostic for tomography of accelerated bunches. We propose a new approach to electron beam tomography: we will generate a continuous sheet of electrons. As the ion beam bunches pass through the sheet, they cause distortions in the distribution of sheet electrons arriving at CCD device on the other side of the beam that is interpreted to give a continuous measurement of the beam profile. The apparatus to generate the sheet beam is a strip cathode, which, compared to the scanning electron beam probe, is smaller, has a simpler design and less expensive manufacturing, has better magnetic shielding, has higher sensitivity, higher resolution, has better accuracy of measurement and better time resolution. With this device, it is possible to develop almost ideal tomography diagnostics of bunches in linear accelerators and in circular accelerators and storage rings.
 
poster icon Poster WEPAB327 [0.640 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB327  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 15 July 2021       issue date ※ 20 August 2021  
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WEPAB329 LCLS-II Average Current Monitor 3443
 
  • P. Borchard, J.S. Hoh
    Dymenso LLC, San Francisco, USA
 
  The LCLS-II project at SLAC is a high power upgrade to the existing free-electron laser facility. The LCLS-II Accelerator System will include a new 4 GeV continuous-wave superconducting linear accelerator in the first kilometer of the SLAC linear accelerator tunnel and supplements the existing low power pulsed linac. Average Current Monitors (ACMs) are needed to protect against excessive beam power which might otherwise cause damage to the beam dumps. The ACM cavities are pillbox-shaped stainless steel RF cavity with two radial probe ports with couplers, one radial test port with a coupler, and a mechanism for mechanically fine-tuning the cavity resonant frequency. The ACM RF cavities will be located at points of known or constrained beam energy and will monitor the beam current, a safety system will trip off the beam if the beam power exceeds the allowed value.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB329  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 16 June 2021       issue date ※ 22 August 2021  
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WEPAB330 A Multirange Low Noise Transimpedance Amplifier for Sirius Beamlines 3447
 
  • L.Y. Tanio, F.H. Cardoso, M.M. Donatti
    LNLS, Campinas, Brazil
 
  In a typical synchrotron beamline, the interaction of photon beams with different materials generates free electric charges in devices such as ionization chambers, photodiodes, or even isolated metallic structures (e.g., blades, blocks, foils, wires). These free charges can be measured as electric current to diagnose the photon beam intensity, profile, position, or stability. Sirius, the new 3GeV fourth-generation Brazilian light source, may accommodate up to 38 beamlines, which combined will make use of hundreds of instruments to measure such low-intensity signals. This work reports on the design and test results of a transimpedance amplifier developed for low current measurements at Sirius’ beamlines. The device presents low noise, high accuracy, and good temperature stability providing 5 selectable ranges (from 500pA to 7.3mA) to measure bipolar currents achieving femtoampere resolution under certain conditions. Considering low bandwidth applications, the results suggest noise performance comparable to commercial bench instruments. Additionally, the project definitions and plans for the development of a family of low current ammeters will be discussed.  
poster icon Poster WEPAB330 [2.642 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB330  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 16 June 2021       issue date ※ 21 August 2021  
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WEPAB331 Application of KALYPSO as a Diagnostic Tool for Beam and Spectral Analysis 3451
 
  • M.M. Patil, E. Bründermann, M. Caselle, A. Ebersoldt, S. Funkner, B. Kehrer, A.-S. Müller, M.J. Nasse, G. Niehues, J.L. Steinmann, M. Weber, C. Widmann
    KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
 
  Funding: This work is supported by the BMBF project 05K19VKD STARTRAC and DFG-funded Doctoral School ’Karlsruhe School of Elementary and Astroparticle Physics: Science and Technology’
KALYPSO is a novel detector capable of operating at frame rates up to 12 MHz developed and tested at the institute of data processing and electronics (IPE) and employed at Karlsruhe Research Accelerator (KARA) which is part of the Test Facility and Synchrotron Radiation Source KIT. This detector consists of silicon, InGaAs, PbS, or PbSe line array sensor with spectral sensitivity from 350 nm to 5000 nm. The unprecedented frame rate of this detector is achieved by a custom-designed ASIC readout chip. The FPGA-readout architecture enables continuous data acquisition and real-time data processing. Such a detector has various applications in the fields of beam diagnostics and spectral analysis. KALYPSO is currently employed at various synchrotron facilities for electro-optical spectral decoding (EOSD) to study the longitudinal profile of the electron beam, to study the energy spread of the electron beam, tuning of free-electron lasers (FELs), and also in characterizing laser spectra. This contribution will present an overview of the results from the mentioned applications.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB331  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 22 July 2021       issue date ※ 13 August 2021  
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WEPAB399 Applications of the Local Observable in Future Optics Measurements in HL-LHC and PETRA III 3642
 
  • A. Wegscheider, R. Tomás García
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
 
  Phase advances among four nearby beam position monitors in a circular accelerator can be used to calculate a local observable of quadrupolar lattice imperfections. This work explores the applicability of this local observable to two different circular accelerators: PETRA III, a synchrotron light source, and the LHC, a hadron collider as well as its upgrade project HL-LHC. MADX simulations for important optics settings are performed, showing that the local observable can detect strong error sources. This is of particular interest in important regions of the accelerators like the LHC’s interaction regions and PETRA III’s experimental hall.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB399  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 23 July 2021       issue date ※ 12 August 2021  
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THXB01 3D Tracking of a Single Electron in IOTA 3708
 
  • A.L. Romanov, S. Nagaitsev, J.K. Santucci, G. Stancari, A. Valishev
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  • N. Kuklev, I. Lobach
    University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
 
  High-resolution observations of single-particle dynamics have potential as a powerful tool in the diagnostics, tuning and design of storage rings. We are presenting the results of experiments with single electrons that were conducted at Fermilab’s IOTA ring to explore the feasibility of this approach. A set of sensitive, high-resolution digital cameras was used to detect the synchrotron radiation emitted by an electron, and the resulting images were used to reconstruct the time evolution of oscillation amplitudes in all three degrees of freedom. From the evolution of the oscillation amplitudes, we deduce transverse emittances, momentum spread, damping times, beam energy and estimated residual-gas density and composition. To our knowledge, this is the first time that the dynamics of a single particle in a storage ring has been tracked in all three dimensions. We discuss farther development of a single particle diagnostics that may allow reconstruction of its turn-by-turn coordinates over macroscopic periods of time facilitating ultra-precise lattice diagnostics and direct benchmarking of tracking codes.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THXB01  
About • paper received ※ 24 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 29 July 2021       issue date ※ 11 August 2021  
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THXB03
High Precision RF Control: from Particle Accelerators to Quantum bits  
 
  • G. Huang
    LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
 
  Funding: This work was supported by the Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research, Office of High Energy Physics, Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
Superconducting circuit quantum bit (qubits) is one of the leading implementation of a quantum computer. The qubits are controlled and read by 4-8 GHz RF pulses. High precision FPGA based RF control technique has been widely used in the various particle accelerator subsystems, including the cavity field control (LLRF) system and timing/synchronization system. Based on the technique developed from the accelerator control, we are developing an open source qubit control system. The prototype module is tested with the superconducting qubits and demonstrated the single and two qubits gate operation with good fidelity and multi-module synchronization is under development.
 
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THXB04 Non-Invasive Dispersion Function Measurement during Light Source Operations 3720
 
  • B. Podobedov, Y. Hidaka
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
 
  Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
We implemented a completely parasitic measurement of lattice dispersion functions in both horizontal and vertical planes, which is fully compatible with light source user operations. The measurement is performed by applying principal component analysis and adaptive filtering to very small residual orbit noise components introduced by the RF system and detected in the beam orbit data, sampled at 10 kHz. No changes in RF frequency are required. The measurement, performed once a minute, was shown to be robust and immune to changes in the beam current, residual orbit noise amplitude and frequency content as well as other factors. At low current it was shown to provide similar accuracy to the traditional method (which shifts the 500 MHz RF frequency by ±500 Hz). In this paper we will explain our measurement technique and present typical dispersion function stability achieved during NSLS-II operations.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THXB04  
About • paper received ※ 26 June 2021       paper accepted ※ 13 July 2021       issue date ※ 23 August 2021  
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THPAB003 Application of Generalized Gaussian Distribution in the Processing the Wire Scanner Data 3759
 
  • H. Geng, C. Meng, F. Yan, Y. Zhang, Y.L. Zhao
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
 
  Wire scanners are widely used for measuring beam emittance in both electron and hadron accelerators. Gaussian fitting is the most commonly used method in processing the wire scanner data. But in hadron machines, beams are normally not gaussian distribution due to the action of nonlinear forces such as space charge effect. Under these circumstances, there would be big deviations if the wire scanner data was still fitted with gaussian distributions. This paper introduces generalized Gaussian distribution in the processing the wire scanner data measured in the ADS injector-I. The results using different fitting method will be compared.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB003  
About • paper received ※ 14 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 18 June 2021       issue date ※ 30 August 2021  
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THPAB068 Denoising of Optics Measurements Using Autoencoder Neural Networks 3915
 
  • E. Fol, R. Tomás García
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
 
  Noise artefacts can appear in optics measurements data due to instrumentation imperfections or uncertainties in the applied analysis methods. A special type of semi-supervised neural networks, autoencoders, are widely applied to denoising tasks in image and signal processing as well as to generative modeling. Recently, an autoencoder-based approach for denoising and reconstruction of missing data has been developed to improve the quality of phase measurements obtained from harmonic analysis of LHC turn-by-turn data. We present the results achieved on simulations demonstrating the potential of the new method and discuss the effect of the noise in light of optics corrections computed from the cleaned data.  
poster icon Poster THPAB068 [0.881 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB068  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 13 July 2021       issue date ※ 02 September 2021  
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THPAB079 Design Study on Beam Size Measurement System Using SR Interferometry for Low Beam Current 3949
 
  • W. Li, P. Liu, Y.K. Wu, J. Yan
    FEL/Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
 
  Funding: This work is supported in part by the US DOE grant no. DE-FG02-97ER41033.
To enable reliable measurements of the small vertical size of the electron beam in the Duke storage ring, a measurement system is being developed using synchrotron radiation interferometry (SRI). By relating the transverse beam size to the transverse spatial coherence of synchrotron radiation from a dipole magnet according to the Van Cittert-Zernike theorem, the transverse beam size can be inferred by recording and fitting the interference fringe as a function of the characteristic features of the interference filter used. In this paper, we describe the preliminary design of such a measurement system and present design considerations to make it possible to measure the electron beam vertical size for a wide range of electron beam energies and currents. Especially this system will be optimized to measure the electron beam size for low current operation down to 50 to 100~μA. This beam size measurement system will be used as an important beam diagnostic for the intrabeam scattering research at the Duke storage ring.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB079  
About • paper received ※ 27 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 12 July 2021       issue date ※ 28 August 2021  
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THPAB083 Measurement of the Longitudinal Phase-Space of the APS Photo-Injector Beam 3963
 
  • Y. Sun
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
 
  Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
An S-band photo-cathode RF gun (PCG) exists at the front of the linac. The high-brightness photoinjector beam is accelerated by the linac and and can be used for accelerator technology and beam physics R&D experiments in the Linac Extension Area (LEA). For some applications, the beam needs to be compressed by a magnetic bunch compressor in the middle of the linac. An S-band transverse-mode cavity (Tcav) is available at the end of the linac for beam longitudinal phase-space diagnostics. Beam commissioning experience of the Tcav is reported in this paper. The cavity rf conditioning and calibration was performed. There is a horizontally bending dipole magnet downstream of the Tcav, which kicks beam in the vertical plane. Beam image on a YAG screen downstream of the Tcav and dipole magnet contains the single-shot information of the longitudinal phase-space of the photo-injector beam. The first measurements of the longitudinal phase-space of the compressed and non-compressed photoinjector beam are discussed. Improvements of the measurement resolution are planned.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB083  
About • paper received ※ 25 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 12 July 2021       issue date ※ 21 August 2021  
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THPAB198 Commissioning of Current Strips for Elliptically Polarizing Undulators at NSLS-II 4160
 
  • Y. Hidaka, O.V. Chubar, T. Tanabe
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
  • C.A. Kitégi
    SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
 
  Funding: This work is supported by U.S. DOE under Contract No. DE-SC0012704.
Most of the Elliptically Polarizing Undulators (EPUs) at NSLS-II are equipped with current strips (or flat wires), attached to their vacuum chambers. These strips compensate the dynamic field integrals of the EPU to minimize undesirable nonlinear beam dynamics effect that can lead to reduction in injection efficiency and beam lifetime. For each EPU, we measured the field integrals of the insertion device alone, the current strips alone, and both, while creating horizontal bumps of different amplitudes at the straight section to assess the effectiveness of the compensation provided by the design current values for the strips. The commissioning results of these current strips are reported in this article.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB198  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 23 June 2021       issue date ※ 28 August 2021  
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THPAB249 X-Ray Beam Position Monitor (XBPM) Calibration at NSRC Solaris 4292
 
  • M. Waniczek, A. Curcio, G.W. Kowalski, R. Panaś, A.I. Wawrzyniak
    NSRC SOLARIS, Kraków, Poland
 
  During the installation of Front-ends in sections 4th (XMCD beamline frontend) and 6th (PHELIX beamline frontend) at National Synchrotron Radiation Centre Solaris (NSRC Solaris), two units (one for each front end) of X-ray Beam Position Monitors (XBPM) have been installed as a diagnostic tool enabling for measurement of photon beam position. Hardware units of XBPM were manufactured, delivered, and eventually installed in Solaris by FMB Berlin. In order to get readouts of beam position from XBPM units, Libera Photon 2016 controller has been used as a complementary electronic device. Since XBPM units are supposed to be used along with the insertion device, an on-site Libera calibration was necessary. Libera’s calibration required few iterations of scans involving gap and phase movement of insertion devices at the 4th and 6th sections of the Solaris ring. The main focus was put on the derivation of Kx, and Ky coefficients. The content of this document describes step by step the procedure of Libera’s Kx, Ky coefficients value derivation at NSRC Solaris.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB249  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 17 July 2021       issue date ※ 13 August 2021  
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THPAB265 New RF BPM Electronics for the 560 Beam Position Monitors of the APS-U Storage Ring 4325
 
  • P. Leban, L. Bogataj, M. Cargnelutti, U. Dragonja, P. Paglovec
    I-Tech, Solkan, Slovenia
  • A.R. Brill, J. Carwardine, W.X. Cheng, N. Sereno
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
 
  Within the upgrade of the APS storage ring to a multi-bend achromat lattice, 560 RF Beam Position Monitors will be required. The projected beam sizes are below 10 microns in both horizontal and vertical planes, putting stringent requirements on the BPM electronics resolution, long-term stability, beam current dependency, and instrument reproducibility. For the APS-U project, the Libera Brilliance+ instrument has been upgraded in technology and capabilities, including the independent multi-bunch turn-by-turn processing and an improved algorithm to further reduce the crossbar-switch artifacts. More than 140 instruments, equipped with 4 BPM electronics each, are being delivered to Argonne National Laboratory, consisting of the largest scale production for Instrumentation Technologies. In this contribution, the extensive test conditions to which the instruments were exposed and their results will be presented, as well as the beam-based long-term drift measurements with different fill patterns.  
poster icon Poster THPAB265 [9.272 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB265  
About • paper received ※ 16 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 22 June 2021       issue date ※ 21 August 2021  
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THPAB276 X-Ray Double Slit Interferometer Progress at CLS 4349
 
  • N.A. Simonson, Y. Yousefi Sigari
    University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
  • M.J. Boland
    CLS, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
 
  The Canadian Light Source (CLS) is a 3rd generation synchrotron that is used to produce extremely bright synchrotron light that can be used for research. The light at the CLS is produced by an electron storage ring that has an emittance of 20 nm. A 4th generation synchrotron (CLS2) is planned which will reduce the emittance to less than 1 nm and thus reduce the transverse beam size significantly, making it very challenging to measure. A double slit interferometer can be used to measure small transverse beam sizes, as first described by Mitsuhashi. An x-ray double slit interferometer will be designed and tested at the current CLS with the goal of using this setup at CLS2.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB276  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 23 July 2021       issue date ※ 01 September 2021  
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THPAB284 Analytical and Numerical Characterization of Cherenkov Diffraction Radiation as a Longitudinal Electron Bunch Profile Monitor for AWAKE Run 2 4355
 
  • C. Davut, G.X. Xia
    UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
  • O. Apsimon
    The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
  • O. Apsimon
    Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  • P. Karataev
    Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, United Kingdom
  • P. Karataev
    JAI, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom
  • T. Lefèvre, S. Mazzoni
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
 
  In this paper, CST simulations of the coherent Cherenkov Diffraction Radiation with a range of parameters for different dielectric target materials and geometries are discussed and compared with the theoretical investigation of the Polarization Current Approach to design a prototype of a radiator for the bunch length/profile monitor for AWAKE Run 2. It was found that the result of PCA theory and CST simulation are consistent with each other regarding the shape of the emitted ChDR cone.
* Karlovets, D. V. (2011). JETP, 113(1), 27-45.
** Shevelev, M. V., & Konkov, A. S. (2014). JETP, 118(4), 501-511.
*** Curcio, A., et al.(2020). PRAB, 23(2), 022802.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB284  
About • paper received ※ 16 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 14 July 2021       issue date ※ 10 August 2021  
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THPAB307 Behaviour of Ironless Inductive Position Sensors in Close Proximity to Each Other 4390
 
  • N.J. Sammut, A. Grima
    University of Malta, Information and Communication Technology, Msida, Malta
  • M. Di Castro, A. Masi
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
 
  Funding: CERN - The European Organisation for Nuclear Research UM - The University of Malta
Safety critical systems like the collimators of the Large Hadron Collider require transducers which are immune to interference from their surroundings. The ironless inductive position sensor is used to measure the position of collimator jaws with respect to the beam and is designed to be immune to external DC or slowly changing magnetic fields. In this paper we investigate whether frequency separation is required when multiple ironless inductive position sensors are used and whether two or more sensors at the same frequency results in cross-talk. Numerical simulations and experiments are conducted to study the magnetic field behaviour of the sensors, their interference with each other and the impact of this interference on the position reading. Finally, this paper defines guidelines on safe operation of the ironless inductive position sensor in the aforementioned conditions.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB307  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 02 July 2021       issue date ※ 22 August 2021  
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THPAB335 Optical Phase Space Mapping Using a Digital Micro-Mirror Device 4439
 
  • M. Vujanovic, R.B. Fiorito, C.P. Welsch, J. Wolfenden
    The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
  • A.L. Kippax
    Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
 
  Funding: This project has received funding from European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No 721559.
Optical transition radiation (OTR) is routinely used to measure transverse beam size, divergence , and emittance of charged particle beams. Presented here is an experimental method, which uses micro-mirror device (DMD) to conduct optical phase space mapping (OPSM). OPSM will be a next step and significant enhancement of the measurements capabilities of an adaptive optics-based beam characterization system. For this measurements, a DMD will be used to generate a reflective mask that replicates the double slit. Since the DMD makes it possible to easily change the size, shape and position of the mask, the use of the DMD will greatly simplify OPSM and make it more flexible, faster and more useful for diagnostics applications. The process can be automated and integrated into a control system that can be used to optimize the beam transport.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB335  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 27 July 2021       issue date ※ 28 August 2021  
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FRXC01 Superconducting Radio-Frequency Cavity Fault Classification Using Machine Learning at Jefferson Laboratory 4535
 
  • C. Tennant, A. Carpenter, T. Powers, L.S. Vidyaratne
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  • K.M. Iftekharuddin, M. Rahman
    ODU, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
  • A.D. Shabalina
    STFC/DL, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
 
  Funding: This work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Nuclear Physics under Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177.
We report on the development of machine learning models for classifying C100 superconducting radiofrequency (SRF) cavity faults in the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) at Jefferson Lab. Of the 418 SRF cavities in CEBAF, 96 are designed with a digital low-level RF system configured such that a cavity fault triggers recordings of RF signals for each of eight cavities in the cryomodule. Subject matter experts analyze the collected time-series data and identify which of the eight cavities faulted first and classify the type of fault. This information is used to find trends and strategically deploy mitigations to problematic cryomodules. However, manually labeling the data is laborious and time-consuming. By leveraging machine learning, near real-time - rather than postmortem - identification of the offending cavity and classification of the fault type has been implemented. We discuss the performance of the machine learning models during a recent physics run. We also discuss efforts for further insights into fault types through unsupervised learning techniques and present preliminary work on cavity and fault prediction using data collected prior to a failure event.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-FRXC01  
About • paper received ※ 16 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 01 July 2021       issue date ※ 13 August 2021  
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FRXC02
Non Invasive Bunch Length Measurements Exploiting Cherenkov Diffraction Radiation  
 
  • S. Mazzoni, M. Bergamaschi, R. Corsini, A. Curcio, W. Farabolini, D. Gamba, L. Garolfi, A. Gilardi, R. Kieffer, M. Krupa, T. Lefèvre, E. Senes, M. Wendt
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • A. Curcio
    NSRC SOLARIS, Kraków, Poland
  • C. Davut, G.X. Xia
    UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
  • W. Farabolini
    CEA-DRF-IRFU, France
  • K.V. Fedorov, P. Karataev, K. Lekomtsev, C. Pakuza
    JAI, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom
  • K.V. Fedorov, A. Potylitsyn
    TPU, Tomsk, Russia
  • J. Gardelle
    CEA, LE BARP cedex, France
  • P. Karataev
    Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, United Kingdom
  • T.H. Pacey, Y.M. Saveliev
    STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  • A. Schloegelhofer
    TU Vienna, Wien, Austria
  • E. Senes
    Oxford University, Physics Department, Oxford, Oxon, United Kingdom
 
  Cherenkov Diffraction Radiation (ChDR) refers to the emission of broadband electromagnetic radiation which occurs when a charged particle propagates at relativistic speed in the vicinity of a dielectric material. At variance with the better-known Cherenkov radiation, ChDR is a non-invasive technique, that is the particle beam does not impinge on the dielectric radiator. ChDR also possesses other interesting features like a relatively high light yield, a broadband spectrum of emission and the emission at a relatively large angle with respect to the beam trajectory. Due to its potential, CERN initiated over the last few years several studies on ChDR-based diagnostics techniques. In this contribution I will focus on the exploitation of ChDR for non-invasive bunch length measurement, from proof of principle tests performed at the CLEAR facility at CERN and CLARA at Daresbury laboratory to current developments for experiments and facilities such as AWAKE and FCC  
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FRXC03 Modern Ultra-Fast Detectors for Online Beam Diagnostics 4540
 
  • M.M. Patil, E. Bründermann, M. Caselle, A. Ebersoldt, S. Funkner, B. Kehrer, A.-S. Müller, M.J. Nasse, G. Niehues, J.L. Steinmann, W. Wang, M. Weber, C. Widmann
    KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
 
  Funding: This work is supported by the BMBF project 05K19VKD STARTRAC and DFG-funded Doctoral School ’Karlsruhe School of Elementary and Astroparticle Physics: Science and Technology’
Synchrotron light sources operate with bunch repetition rates in the MHz regime. The longitudinal and transverse beam dynamics of these electron bunches can be investigated and characterized by experiments employing linear array detectors. To improve the performance of modern beam diagnostics and overcome the limitations of commercially available detectors, we have at KIT developed KALYPSO, a detector system operating with an unprecedented frame rate of up to 12 MHz. To facilitate the integration in different experiments, a modular architecture has been utilized. Different semiconductor microstrip sensors based on Si, InGaAs, PbS, and PbSe can be connected to the custom-designed low noise front-end ASIC to optimize the quantum efficiency at different photon energies, ranging from near-UV, visible, and up to near-IR. The front-end electronics are integrated within a heterogeneous DAQ consisting of FPGAs and GPUs, which allows the implementation of real-time data processing. This detector is currently installed at KARA, European XFEL, FLASH, Soleil, DELTA. In this contribution, we present the detector architecture, the performance results, and the ongoing technical developments.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-FRXC03  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 22 July 2021       issue date ※ 01 September 2021  
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FRXC04 Time-Resolved H Beam Emittance Measurement at the SNS Linac Using a Laser Comb 4545
 
  • Y. Liu, A.V. Aleksandrov, C.D. Long
    ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
 
  Funding: This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the US Department of Energy (DOE).
We proposed and demonstrated a novel technique to measure time-resolved transverse emittances of the hydrogen ion (H) beam in a 1-GeV high-power accelerator. The measurement is performed in a non-intrusive manner by using laser comb - laser pulses with controllable multi-layer temporal structure generated from a fiber-based master laser oscillator and diode-pumped solid-state laser amplifiers. The technique has been applied to the transverse emittance measurement of 1-GeV H beam at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) high energy beam transport (HEBT). More than 20 time-resolved emittances have been simultaneously measured within a macro-pulse, a single mini-pulse, or a single bunch of the 1.4-MW neutron production H beam from one measurement.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-FRXC04  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 08 July 2021       issue date ※ 20 August 2021  
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FRXC05 Gas Jet In-Vivo Dosimetry for Particle Beam Therapy 4548
 
  • J. Wolfenden, N. Kumar, A. Salehilashkajani, C.P. Welsch, H.D. Zhang
    The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
  • N. Kumar, A. Salehilashkajani, C.P. Welsch, J. Wolfenden, H.D. Zhang
    Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
 
  Funding: This work is supported by the HL-LHC-UK project funded by STFC and CERN and the STFC Cockcroft core grant No. ST/G008248/1.
Medical applications of charged particle beams require a full online characterisation of the beam to ensure patient safety, treatment efficacy, and facility efficiency. In-vivo dosimetry, measurement of delivered dose during treatment, is a significant part of this characterisation. Current methods offer limited information or are invasive to the beam, meaning measurements must be done offline. This contribution presents the development of a non-invasive gas jet in-vivo dosimeter for treatment facilities. The technique is based on the interaction between a particle beam and a supersonic gas jet curtain, which was originally developed for the high luminosity upgrade of the large hadron collider (HL-LHC). To demonstrate the medical application of this technique, an existing HL-LHC test system with minor modifications will be installed at the University of Birmingham’s 35 MeV proton cyclotron, which has properties comparable to that of a treatment beam. This contribution presents the design and development of this test setup, plans for initial benchmarking measurements, and plans for a future optimised medical accelerator gas jet in-vivo dosimeter.
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-FRXC05  
About • paper received ※ 18 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 23 July 2021       issue date ※ 11 August 2021  
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FRXC06 Development of the Prototype of the Cavity BPM System for SHINE 4552
 
  • J. Chen, Y.B. Leng, R.X. Yuan
    SSRF, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
  • S.S. Cao
    SINAP, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
  • L.W. Lai
    SARI-CAS, Pudong, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
 
  The Shanghai high repetition rate XFEL and extreme light facility (SHINE) under construction is designed as one of the most advanced FEL facilities in the world, which will produce coherent x-rays with wavelengths from 0.05 to 3 nm and maximum repetition rate of 1MHz. In order to achieve precise, stable alignment of the electron and photo beams in the undulator, the prototype of the cavity beam position monitors (CBPM) including C-band and X-band have been designed and fabricated for the SHINE. And the requirement of the transverse position resolution is better than 200 nm for a single bunch of 100 pC at the dynamic range of ±100 µm. In this paper, we present the design of the cavity with high loaded Q and the RF front-end with low noise-figure, adjustable gain, single-stage down-conversion and phase-locked with reference clock, and also described the structure and specifications of the home-made data acquisition (DAQ) system. The construction of the experiment platform and preliminary measurement result with beam at Shanghai Soft X-ray FEL facility (SXFEL) will be addressed as well.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-FRXC06  
About • paper received ※ 20 May 2021       paper accepted ※ 06 July 2021       issue date ※ 17 August 2021  
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FRXC07
Uncertainty Quantification for Virtual Diagnostic of Particle Accelerators  
 
  • A. Hanuka, O.R. Convery
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  • Y. Gal
    Oxford University Press (Oxford Electronic Publishing), Oxford, United Kingdom
  • L. Smith
    University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
 
  Current diagnostic tools for characterizing a system are often costly, limited and invasive, i.e. interrupt the system’s normal operation. A Virtual Diagnostic (VD) is a computational tool based on deep learning that can be used to predict the diagnostic output. For practical usage of VDs, it is necessary to quantify the prediction’s reliability, namely the uncertainty in that prediction. In this paper, we applied an ensemble of neural networks to create uncertainty and explore various ways of analyzing prediction’s uncertainty using experimental data from the Linac Coherent Light Source particle accelerator at SLAC National Laboratory. We aim to accurately and confidently predict the longitudinal properties of the electron beam as given by their phase-space images. The ability to make informed decisions under uncertainty is crucial for reliable deployment of deep learning tools on safety-critical systems as particle accelerators.  
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