Keyword: target
Paper Title Other Keywords Page
MOOBN3 Comparison of Accelerator Technologies for use in ADSS proton, linac, cyclotron, SRF 4
 
  • W.-T. Weng, H. Ludewig, D. Raparia, M. Todosow, D. Trbojevic
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
  • P.M. McIntyre, A. Sattarov
    Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
 
  Funding: Work performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy
Accelerator Driven Subcritical (ADS) fission is an interesting candidate basis for nuclear waste transmutation and for nuclear power generation. ADS can use either thorium or depleted uranium as fuel, operate below criticality, and consume rather than produce long-lived actinides. A case study with a hypothetical, but realistic nuclear core configuration is used to evaluate the performance requirements of the driver proton accelerator in terms of beam energy, beam current, duty factor, beam distribution delivered to the fission core, reliability, and capital and operating cost. Comparison between a CW IC and that of an SRF proton linac is evaluated. Future accelerator R&D required to improve each candidate accelerator design is discussed.
 
slides icon Slides MOOBN3 [1.540 MB]  
 
MOOCS4 Time-Dependent Phase-Space Measurements of the Longitudinally Compressing Beam in NDCX-I plasma, ion, electron, emittance 61
 
  • S.M. Lidia, G. Bazouin, P.A. Seidl
    LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
 
  Funding: This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Fusion Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
The Neutralized Drift Compression Experiment (NDCX-I) generates high intensity ion beams to explore Warm Dense Matter physics. A ~150 kV, ~500 ns ramped voltage pulse is applied to a ~300 keV, 5-10 μs, 25 mA K+ ion beam across a single induction gap. The velocity modulated beam compresses longitudinally during ballistic transport along a space-charge-neutralizing plasma transport line, resulting in ~3A peak current with ~2-3 ns pulse durations (FWHM) at the target plane. Transverse final focusing is accomplished with a ~8 T, 10 cm long pulsed solenoid magnet. Time-dependent focusing in the induction gap, and chromatic aberrations in the final focus optics limit the peak fluence at the target plane for the compressed beam pulse. We report on time-dependent phase space measurements of the compressed pulse in the ballistic transport beamline, and measurement of the time-dependent radial impulses derived from the interaction of the beam and the induction gap voltage. We present results of start-to-end simulations to benchmark the experiments. Fast correction strategies are discussed with application to both NDCX-I and to the new NDCX-II accelerator.
 
slides icon Slides MOOCS4 [7.432 MB]  
 
MOODS5 3D Electromagnetic Design and Beam Dynamics Simulations of a Radio-Frequency Quadrupole rfq, simulation, cavity, linac 97
 
  • B. Mustapha, A. Kolomiets, P.N. Ostroumov
    ANL, Argonne, USA
 
  Funding: This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
During the design of the 60.635 MHz RFQ for the ATLAS efficiency and intensity upgrade*, we have established a new full 3D approach for the electromagnetic and beam dynamics simulations of a RFQ. A Detailed full 3D model (four meter long) including vane modulation was built and simulated using CST Microwave Studio, which is made possible by the ever advancing computing capabilities. The approach was validated using experimental measurements on a prototype 57.5 MHz RFQ**. The effects of the radial matchers, vane modulation and tuners on the resonant frequency and field flatness have been carefully studied. The full 3D field distribution was used for beam dynamics simulations using both CST Particle Studio and the beam dynamics code TRACK***. In the final design we have used trapezoidal modulation instead of the standard sinusoidal in the accelerating section of the RFQ to achieve more energy gain for the same length, following the leading work of the Protvino group****. In our case, the output energy increased from 260 keV/u to 295 keV/u with minimal change in the beam dynamics.
* P.N. Ostroumov et al, Proceedings of LINAC-2010
** P.N. Ostroumov et al, Proceedings of LINAC-2006
*** TRACK @ http://www.phy.anl.gov/atlas/TRACK
**** O.K. Belyaev et al, Proceedings of LINAC-2000
 
slides icon Slides MOODS5 [2.531 MB]  
 
MOP021 The MICE Muon Beamline and Induced Host Accelerator Beam Loss factory, synchrotron, injection, emittance 148
 
  • A.J. Dobbs, A. Alekou, K.R. Long
    Imperial College of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
 
  Funding: Science and Technology Facilities Council
The international Muon Ionisation Cooling Experiment (MICE) is designed to provide a proof of principle of ionisation cooling to reduce the muon beam phase space at a future Neutrino Factory and Muon Collider. The MICE Muon Beam is generated by the decay of pions produced by dipping a cylindrical titanium target into the proton beam of the 800 MeV ISIS synchrotron at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, U.K. Studies of the particle rate in the MICE Muon Beamline and its relationship to induced beam loss in ISIS are presented, using data taken in Summer 2010. Using time-of-flight to perform particle identification estimates of muon rates are presented and related to induced beam loss.
 
 
MOP023 Particle Tracking and Beam Matching Through the New Variable Thickness MICE Diffuser solenoid, emittance, factory, collider 154
 
  • V. Blackmore, J.H. Cobb, M. Dawson, J. Tacon, M. Tacon
    Oxford University, Physics Department, Oxford, Oxon, United Kingdom
 
  The Muon Ionisation Cooling Experiment (MICE) aims to demonstrate the transverse cooling of muons for a possible future Neutrino Factory or Muon Collider. The diffuser is an integral part of the MICE cooling channel. It aims to inflate the emittance of the incoming beam such that cooling can later be measured in the MICE channel. A novel new diffuser design is currently in development at Oxford, consisting of a high density scatterer of variable radiation lengths. Simulations have been carried out in order to fully understand the physics processes involved with the new diffuser design and to enable a proper matching of the beam to the MICE channel.  
 
MOP030 Muon Capture for the Front End of a μ+μ- Collider collider, factory, proton, focusing 157
 
  • D.V. Neuffer
    Fermilab, Batavia, USA
  • C. Y. Yoshikawa
    Muons, Inc, Batavia, USA
 
  We discuss the design of the muon capture front end for a μ±μ- Collider. In the front end, a proton bunch on a target creates secondary pions that drift into a capture transport channel, decaying into muons. A sequence of rf cavities forms the resulting muon beams into strings of bunches of differing energies, aligns the bunches to (nearly) equal central energies, and initiates ionization cooling. The muons are then cooled and accelerated to high energy into a storage ring for high-energy high luminosity collisions. Our initial design is based on the somewhat similar front end of the International Design Study (IDS) neutrino factory.  
 
MOP037 Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment: Controls and Monitoring controls, monitoring, EPICS, emittance 166
 
  • P.M. Hanlet
    IIT, Chicago, Illinois, USA
 
  Funding: NSF
The Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE) is a demonstration experiment to prove the viability of cooling a beam of muons for use in a Neutrino Factory and Muon Collider. The MICE cooling channel is a section of a modified Study II cooling channel which will provide a 10% reduction in beam emittance. In order to ensure a reliable measurement, we intend to measure the beam emittance before and after the cooling channel at the level of 1%, or an absolute measurement of 0.001. This renders MICE as a precision experiment which requires strict controls and monitoring of all experimental parameters in order to control systematic errors. The MICE Controls and Monitoring system is based on EPICS and integrates with the DAQ, detector, environment, and data monitoring systems. A description of this system, its implementation, and performance during recent muon beam data collection will be discussed.
 
 
MOP047 Helical Channels with Variable Slip Factor for Neutrino Factories and Muon Colliders simulation, solenoid, collider, longitudinal-dynamics 187
 
  • C. Y. Yoshikawa, C.M. Ankenbrandt
    Muons, Inc, Batavia, USA
  • D.V. Neuffer, K. Yonehara
    Fermilab, Batavia, USA
 
  Funding: Supported in part by DOE SBIR grant DE-SC0002739.
In order to realize a muon collider or a neutrino factory based on a muon storage ring, the muons must be captured and cooled efficiently. For a muon collider, the resulting train of bunches should be coalesced into a single bunch. Design concepts for a system to capture, cool, and coalesce a muon beam are described here. In particular, variants of a helical channel are used, taking advantage of the ability to vary the slip factor and other parameters of such a channel. The cooling application has been described before; this paper reports recent studies of a system that includes two novel concepts to accomplish capture and coalescing via a slip-controlled helical channel.
 
 
MOP053 Measurement of Neutral Particle Contamination in the MICE Muon Beam proton, collider, luminosity, background 199
 
  • L. Coney, R.R.M. Fletcher, G.G. Hanson
    UCR, Riverside, California, USA
 
  Funding: NSF
The Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE) is being built at the ISIS proton synchrotron at Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL) to test ionization cooling of a muon beam. Production of particles in the MICE beamline begins with a titanium target dipping into the ISIS proton beam. The resulting pions are captured, momentum-selected, and fed into a 5T superconducting solenoid. This magnet contains the pions and their decay muons which are then sent through the rest of the MICE beamline toward the cooling channel. During recent data-taking, it was determined that there is a significant background contamination of neutral particles populating the MICE muon beam. This contamination creates unwanted triggers in MICE, thus reducing the percentage of useful data taken during running. This paper describes the analysis done with time-of-flight detectors, used to identify particle type, in order to understand the level of contamination in both positive and negative polarity muon beams.
 
 
MOP058 Particle Production in the MICE Beamline emittance, collider, electron, quadrupole 214
 
  • L. Coney
    UCR, Riverside, California, USA
  • A.J. Dobbs
    Imperial College of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
 
  Funding: NSF
The Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE) will test transverse cooling of a muon beam, satisfying a crucial demonstration step along the path toward creating high intensity muon beams in a Neutrino Factory or Muon Collider. In the last year, MICE has taken a record amount of data to commission the beamline and calibrate the particle identification (PID) detectors. Studies of the MICE beamline and target timing will be discussed, including the use of Time-of-Flight (TOF) detectors to understand the MICE beam content.
 
 
MOP061 Stability of the MICE Muon Beam Line proton, emittance, radio-frequency, quadrupole 223
 
  • S.D. Blot
    University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
 
  Funding: University of Chicago
The international Muon Ionization and Cooling Exper- iment (MICE) aims to demonstrate transverse beam emit- tance reduction for a muon beam. During the summer of 2010, data was taken using different configurations of the upstream beam line magnets to measure the optical pa- rameters of the muon beam and study the functionality of the beam line itself. Throughout this period of data taking, reference runs were taken with a fixed target configuration, and magnet settings which provide a muon beam with 200 MeV/c momentum and 6π 4D transverse emittance. Time of flight (TOF) detectors were used to measure many of the beam properties including emittance, particle identifi- cation, and profile. Analysis of these reference runs was carried out in order to determine the stability and repro- ducibility of the beam line data. This overall data quality check is essential to ensure the validity of measurements made so that further analysis can be carried out and that the muon beam is suitable for the MICE cooling channel.
 
 
MOP093 Precision Monitoring of Relative Beam Intensity proton, monitoring, background, dipole 271
 
  • N.J. Evans, S.E. Kopp
    The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
  • E. Prebys
    Fermilab, Batavia, USA
 
  Funding: U.S. Department of Energy.
For future experiments at the intensity frontier, precise and accurate knowledge of beam time structure will be critical to understanding backgrounds. The proposed Mu2e experiment will utilize ~150nsec (FWHM) bunches of 107 protons at 8 GeV with a bunch-to-bunch period of 1.7 microseconds. The out-of-bunch beam must be suppressed by a factor of 10-9 relative to in-bunch beam and continuously monitored. I propose a Cerenkov based particle telescope to measure secondary production from beam interactions in a several tens of microns thick foil. Correlating timing information with beam passage allows the determination of relative beam intensity to arbitrary precision given a sufficiently long integration time. The goal is to verify out-of-bunch extinction to the level 10-6 in the span of several seconds. This allows near real-time monitoring of the initial extinction of the beam slow extracted from Fermilab's Debuncher before a system of AC dipoles and collimators, which will provide the final extinction. The effect on beam emittance is minimal, allowing the necessary continuous measurement. I will present the detector design and results of a test in Fermilab's MI-12 beamline.
 
 
MOP143 Enhanced Laser-Driven Ion Acceleration via Forward Raman Scattering in a Ramped Gas Target laser, plasma, electron, proton 358
 
  • S. Tochitsky, D.J. Haberberger, C. Joshi, W.B. Mori, F.S. Tsung
    UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
 
  Funding: This work is supported by DOE grant DE-FG02-92ER40727.
CO2 laser-plasma interactions provide a unique parameter space for using a gas jet for Target Normal Sheath Acceleration (TNSA) of ions instead of a thin foil target. The generation of 1-5 MeV protons from the interaction of a 3 ps TW CO2 laser pulse with a gas target with a peak density around the critical plasma density (1019 cm-3) has been studied by 2D particle-in-cell simulations. The proton acceleration in the preformed plasma, having similar to the gas jet symmetric, linearly ramped density distribution, occurs via formation of a sheath of hot electrons on the back surface of the target. The maximum energy of the hot electrons and, hence net acceleration of protons is mainly defined by Forward Raman scattering instability in the underdense part of the plasma. This mechanism of an additional heating of electrons is strongly affected by nonlinear laser-plasma interactions and results in the proton energy enhancement by more than an order of magnitude in comparison with the regular ponderomotive force scaling of TNSA. Forward directed ion beams from a gaseous target can find an application as a high-brightness ion source-injector.
 
 
MOP154 Prospects for Proton Accelerators Driven by the Radiation Pressure from a Sub-PW CO2 Laser laser, proton, plasma, ion 379
 
  • M.N. Polyanskiy, I. Ben-Zvi, I. Pogorelsky, V. Yakimenko
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
  • Z. Najmudin
    Imperial College of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
 
  Funding: DOE
Laser acceleration of ion beams is normally realized via irradiating thin-foil targets with near-IR solid-state lasers with up to petawatt (PW) peak power. Despite demonstration of significant achievements, further progress towards practical application of such beam sources is hindered by the challenges inherent in constructing still more intense and higher-contrast lasers. Our recent studies of the radiation pressure acceleration indicate that the combination of a 10-μm CO2 laser with a gas jet target offers a unique opportunity for a breakthrough in the field. Strong power scaling of this regime holds the promise of achieving the hundreds of MeV proton beams with just sub-PW CO2 laser pulses. Generation of such pulses is a challenging task. We discuss a strategy of the CO2 laser upgrade aimed to providing a more compact and economical hadron source for cancer therapy. This include optimization of the method of the 10μm short-pulse generation, higher amplification in the CO2 gas under combined isotopic and power broadening effects, and the pulse shortening to a few laser cycles (150-200 fs) via self-chirping in the laser-produced plasma and the consecutive dispersive compression.
 
 
MOP184 Beam Instrumentation for the European Spallation Source linac, diagnostics, cryomodule, rfq 432
 
  • A. Jansson, H. Danared, M. Eshraqi, L. Tchelidze
    ESS, Lund, Sweden
 
  The European Spallation Source, which will be built in the south of Sweden, is a neutron source based on a 5MW, 2.5GeV proton linac. The project is currently in the design update phase, and will deliver a Technical Design Report at the end of 2012. Construction is expected to begin in 2013. This paper discusses the initial beam diagnostics specifications, along with some possible instrument design options.  
 
MOP185 Development of Longitudinal Beam Profile Diagnostics within DITANET electron, radiation, diagnostics, ion 435
 
  • C.P. Welsch
    Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  • C.P. Welsch
    The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
 
  Funding: Work supported by the EU under contract PITN-GA-2008-215080.
The exact determination of the time structure of ever shorter bunches in accelerators and light sources such as for example the X-FEL, the ILC or CLIC is of high importance for the successful operation of these next-generation machines. It is also a key to the optimization of existing scientific infrastructures. The exact measurement of the time structure poses a number of challenges to the beam diagnostics system: The monitors should be non-destructive, easy to maintain and provide time resolutions down to the femtosecond regime. Several DITANET partners are active in this field. This contribution gives examples of the network’s research activities in this area with a focus on the LHC longitudinal density monitor, beam profile monitoring using electro-optics techniques and the exploitation of diffraction radiation for non-invasive diagnostics.
 
 
MOP186 Low Energy Beam Diagnostics Developments within DITANET storage-ring, ion, diagnostics, instrumentation 438
 
  • C.P. Welsch
    Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  • C.P. Welsch
    The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
 
  Funding: Work supported by the EU under contract PITN-GA-2008-215080.
Low energetic ion beam are very attractive for a large number of fundamental physics experiments. The development of beam instrumentation for such beams poses many challenges due to the very low currents down to only a few thousands of particles per second and the resulting very low signal levels. Within DITANET, several institutions aim at pushing low energy, low intensity diagnostics beyond the present state-of-the-art. This contribution gives examples from the progress across the DITANET network in this research area.
On behalf of the DITANET consortium.
 
 
MOP190 Precision, Absolute Proton Beam Polarization Measurements at 200 MeV Beam proton, scattering, polarization, monitoring 444
 
  • G. Atoian, A. Zelenski
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
  • A. Bogdanov, M.F. Runtso
    MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
  • E.J. Stephenson
    IUCF, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
 
  Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
A new polarimeter for absolute proton beam polarization measurements at 200 MeV to accuracy better than ±0.5% has been developed as a part of the RHIC polarized source upgrade. The polarimeter is based on the elastic proton-carbon scattering at 16.2 degree angle, where the analyzing power is close to 100% and was measured with high accuracy. The elastically and in-elastically scattered protons are clearly identified by the difference in the propagation through variable copper absorber and energy deposition of the protons in the detectors. The 16.2 degree elastic scattering polarimeter was used for calibration of a high rate inclusive 12 degree polarimeter for the on-line polarization tuning and monitoring. This technique can be used for accurate polarization measurements in energy range of at least 160-250 MeV.
 
 
MOP196 A Modular Architecture for Accelerator Instrumentation controls, feedback, instrumentation, low-level-rf 459
 
  • J.H. DeLong
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
 
  Funding: US Department of Energy
With accelerated schedules and finite resources the development of a common open source platform for accelerator instrumentation is required. This effort has led to the development of a flexible architecture with clearly defined interfaces. The resulting platform is currently used to implement fast orbit feedback as well as the Beam Position monitors for NSLS-II. The design includes an embedded processor, digital signal processing resources and communications interfaces to controls, the timing system and other devices distributed throughout the accelerator complex. This new architecture promotes customization and design re-use and is presented as an Open Source Hardware development project.
 
 
MOP219 Initial Beam-Profiling Tests with the NML Prototype Station at the Fermilab A0 Photoinjector radiation, emittance, optics, diagnostics 510
 
  • A.H. Lumpkin, M.D. Church, R.H. Flora, A.S. Johnson, J. Ruan, J.K. Santucci, V.E. Scarpine, Y.-E. Sun, R.M. Thurman-Keup, M. Wendt
    Fermilab, Batavia, USA
 
  Funding: Operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy.
Beam-profile diagnostics are being developed for a superconducting (SC) radiofrequency (RF) Test Accelerator that is currently under construction at the New Muon Lab (NML) at Fermilab. The facility’s design goals include the replication of the pulse train proscribed for the International Linear Collider (ILC). An RF photoelectric gun based on the DESY design will generate the beam. In test-beam mode a low-power beam will be characterized with intercepting radiation converter screens: either a 100-micron thick YAG:Ce single crystal scintillator or a 1-micron thin Al optical transition radiation (OTR) foil. This prototype station was constructed by RadiaBeam Technologies under a contract with Fermilab. In both cases the screen surface was normal to the beam direction followed by a downstream 45-degree mirror that directed the radiation into the optical system. The optical system has better than 20 (10) micron rms spatial resolution when covering a vertical field of view of 18(5) mm. These initial tests were performed at the A0 Photoinjector at a beam energy of ~15 MeV and with micropulse charges from 25 to 500 pC for beam sizes of 45 to 250 microns. Example results will be presented.

 
 
MOP230 Precise Charge Measurement for Laser Plasma Accelerators electron, laser, plasma, diagnostics 537
 
  • K. Nakamura, W.E. Byrne, R.J. Donahue, A.J. Gonsalves, C. Lin, J. Osterhoff, D.E. Rodgers, A.R. Smith, T. Sokollik, J. van Tilborg
    LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
  • W. Leemans
    UCB, Berkeley, California, USA
  • S. Shiraishi
    Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
 
  Funding: Work supported by the Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
Cross-calibrations of charge diagnostics are conducted to verify their validity for measuring electron beams produced by laser plasma accelerators (LPAs). Employed diagnostics are a scintillating screen, activation based mea- surement, and integrating current transformer. The diagnostics agreed within ±8 %, showing that they can provide accurate charge measurements for LPAs provided they are used properly.
 
 
MOP236 First Test Results of the New LANSCE Wire Scanner controls, diagnostics, background, coupling 554
 
  • J.D. Sedillo, J.D. Gilpatrick, F. Gonzales, V. Kutac, D. Martinez
    LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
  • M.E. Gruchalla
    URS, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
 
  Funding: United States Department of Energy.
The Beam Diagnostics and Instrumentation Team at Los Alamos National Laboratory’s LANSCE facility is presently developing a new and improved wire scanner diagnostics system controlled by National Instrument’s cRIO platform. This report describes the current state of development of the control system along with the results gathered from the latest actuator motion performance and accelerator beam data acquisition tests.
 
 
MOP239 Commercially Available Transverse Profile Monitors, the IBIS vacuum, optics, diagnostics, impedance 562
 
  • M. Ruelas, R.B. Agustsson, I. Bacchus, A.Y. Murokh, R. Tikhoplav
    RadiaBeam, Santa Monica, USA
 
  With ever decreasing budgets, shorter delivery schedules and increased performance requirements for pending and future facilities, the need for cost effective yet high quality profile monitors is paramount to future advancement in the accelerator field. While individual facilities are capable of designing and fabricating these often custom devices, this is not always the most efficient or economical route. In response to the lack of commercially available profile monitors, RadiaBeam Technologies has been developing its line of Integrated Beam Imaging System (IBIS) over the past several years. Here, we report on these commercially available profile monitors.  
 
MOP278 Ultra Precision Timing System for the Laser Megajoule laser, high-voltage, diagnostics, plasma 633
 
  • V. Drouet, M. Luttmann, M. Prat
    CEA, Arpajon, France
 
  This article presents a specific timing system designed for the Laser Megajoule project. This accuracy timing system has to deliver 64 electrical trigger signals with a very low jitter (< 5 ps rms) in order to synchronize the 240 laser pulses on the same target, in single shot mode and over 100 meter distances. After a dimensioning phase leading to the architecture of the system and the selection of components, a prototype was developed providing 8 electrical trigger signals. We expose the architecture and the excellent results achieved on this prototype regarding jitter, thermal drift and delay linearity.  
 
MOP282 A Deterministic, Gigabit Serial Timing, Synchronization and Data Link for the RHIC LLRF LLRF, controls, site, diagnostics 642
 
  • T. Hayes, F. Severino, K.S. Smith
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
 
  Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
A critical capability of the new RHIC low level rf system is the ability to synchronize signals across multiple locations. The Update Link provides this functionality. The Update Link is a deterministic serial data link based on the Xilinx Aurora protocol that is broadcast over fiber optic cable at 1 gigabit per second. The link provides timing events and data packets as well as time stamp information for synchronizing diagnostic data from multiple sources.
 
 
MOP287 Femtosecond RF Timing in Low Charge Photoinjectors gun, laser, electron, cathode 654
 
  • C.M. Scoby, R.K. Li, J.T. Moody, P. Musumeci
    UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
 
  Funding: Office of Naval Research Grant No. N000140711174 and US Department of Energy Grant No. DE-FG02-92ER40693.
Photoelectron gun rf parameter mapping is explored as an extension to electro-optic sampling to monitor bunch vs. laser relative time-of-arrival. The method is evaluated for timestamping sub-picocoulomb femtosecond laser-pumped dynamics in graphite via electron diffraction where the required timing resolution is < 10 fs.
*AL Cavalieri, et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 114801 (2005)
**A Azima, et al. Appl. Phys. Lett. 94, 144102 (2009)
***CM Scoby, et al. PRST-AB 13, 022801 (2010)
****KJ Kim, Rev. Nucl. Inst. Meth. A 275, 2 (1989)
 
 
MOP292 Universal FMC-Compliant Module for xTCA Systems controls, power-supply, monitoring, impedance 663
 
  • D.R. Makowski, G.W. Jabłoński, T. Kozak, A. Mielczarek, A. Napieralski
    TUL-DMCS, Łódź, Poland
 
  Funding: The research leading to these results has received funding from Polish National Science Council Grant 642/N-TESLAXFEL/09/2010/0.
The Advanced Telecommunications Computing Architecture (ATCA), MicroTCA (uTCA) and Advanced Mezzanine Card (AMC) standards, known as xTCA, provide unique features desired by various control systems of particle accelerators. The standards provide availability and operability as high as 99.999 %. A significant number of additional features must be implemented to take a full advantage of xTCA standards and gain the required availability. On the other hand, many control systems require various data acquisition and control modules with different number of input analogue and digital inputs or outputs as defined by their respective system specifications. The paper presents an universal base module, designed according to the AMC standard with an FPGA Mezzanine Card connector, that can be used for fast development of input-output subsystems. The module consists of two submodules. The digital part is designed according to the AMC standard while the main input-output functionality is realized by the FPGA Mezzanine Card part. The FMC submodule provides the functionality required by the specification of the LLRF system.
 
 
TUOBN6 Production of 25 MeV Protons in CO2 Laser-Plasma Interactions in a Gas Jet plasma, laser, proton, ion 721
 
  • D.J. Haberberger, C. Gong, C. Joshi, S. Tochitsky
    UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
 
  Funding: This work is supported by DOE grant DE-FG02-92ER40727 and NSF grant PHY-0936266
At the Neptune Laboratory at UCLA, we have developed a high-power CO2 MOPA laser system which produces world record multi-terawatt 10um pulses. The CO2 laser pulses consist of a train of 3ps pulses separated by 18ps, each with a peak power of up to 4TW and a total pulse train energy of ~100J. These relativistic laser pulses are applied for Laser Driven Ion Acceleration in an H2 gas jet operated around the critical density of 1019 cm-3 for 10um light using the Target Normal Sheath Acceleration mechanism. The laser is focused into the gas jet reaching a normalized field strength of a0~2 in vacuum. For these conditions, protons with a maximum energy of 25MeV and a narrow energy spread of ΔE/E < 1% are recorded. Initial analysis of these experimental results shows a stronger scaling of the proton energy than that predicted from the ponderomotive force, and highlights the importance of an accumulated effect of multiple CO2 laser pulses lasting over 100ps. The temporal dynamics of the overdense plasma slab are probed with a picosecond 532nm pulse and the results will be discussed.
 
 
TUODN2 Exploration of Parallel Optimization Techniques for Accelerator Design quadrupole, coupling, controls, simulation 787
 
  • Y. Wang, M. Borland, V. Sajaev
    ANL, Argonne, USA
 
  Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
Optimization through simulation is a time-consuming task in accelerator design, especially for high dimensional problems. We explored several parallel optimization techniques, including Parallel Genetic Algorithm (PGA), Hybrid Parallel Simplex (HPS), and Parallel Particle Swarm Optimization (PPSO), to solve some real world problems. The serial simplex method in elegant was used as a benchmark for newly-developed parallel optimization algorithms in Pelegant. PGA and HPS are not faster than the serial simplex method, but they more reliably find the global optimum. PPSO is well suited for parallel computing, allowing significantly faster turn-around given sufficient computing resources. Parallel optimization implementations in Pelegant thus promise to not only make optimization results more reliable, but also open the possibility of fast, "real time" optimization of complex problems for accelerator operation.
 
slides icon Slides TUODN2 [0.218 MB]  
 
TUP004 GEANT4 Modelling of Heat Deposition into the ISIS Muon Target proton, neutron, ion, simulation 814
 
  • A. Bungau, R. Cywinski
    University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom
  • R.J. Barlow
    Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  • C. Bungau
    Manchester University, Manchester, United Kingdom
  • P.J.C. King, J.S. Lord
    STFC/RAL, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
 
  The energy deposition on the ISIS muon target and the temperature profiles are analysed in this paper. The thermal modelling is performed using the GEANT4 Monte Carlo code. Heat deposition patterns are also simulated for alternative target geometries. Energy deposition in the collimators is also discussed.  
 
TUP005 Comparison of Back-scattering Properties of Electron Emission Materials electron, simulation, scattering, feedback 817
 
  • Z. Insepov, V. Ivanov, S.J. Jokela, M. Wetstein
    ANL, Argonne, USA
 
  We use “microscopic” Monte Carlo (MC) simulations, empirical theories, and comparison with experiments to identify the influence of back-scattered electrons and the saturation effect on the emissive properties of materials and to study the gain and transit times for various microchannel plates (MCPs). We have applied this method to Al2O3 and MgO emissive materials of various thickness and surface quality. The experimental secondary emission yield (SEY) data were obtained at normal electron impacts and were used as the reference data for adjusting our MC simulations. The SEY data were calculated at oblique angles of the primary electrons in the interval of 0-80 degrees. The energy dependence of backscattered electron coefficients (BSCs) for various primary electron incidence angles was calculated by MC for both materials, and the results were compared with experimental “average” values obtained in the literature. Both SEY and BSC data were used as input files to our “macroscopic” trajectory simulation, which models MCP amplifiers as whole devices and is capable of gain and transit time calculations.  
 
TUP009 A Computational Model for Muons Passing Gas and Plasma Targets: Beam Emittance. scattering, simulation, emittance, collective-effects 823
 
  • A. Samolov, A.L. Godunov
    ODU, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
 
  A good understanding of interaction of muon beams with gas targets is crucial for attaining high acceleration gradients in gas pressured RF cavities. This physics includes a number of challenging problems. Our objective has been to develop a computational model for studying the most important effects within the same level of accuracy. The computational model simulates scattering of a bunch of charged particles on multiple atomic, molecular and ionic centers. The interaction potentials have been calculated using Hartree-Fock method for atomic targets, and Molecular Orbital method for molecular targets. Target particles are populated randomly to simulate either a gas in a pressured RF cavity with a particular material density, or liquid hydrogen. In the present work the following effects on beam emittance have been studied: effect of multiple scattering (comparing to single particle tracking models), effect of various degree of target ionization (beam-plasma interaction), space charge screening in plasma, effect of strong magnetic fields. Our preliminary results demonstrate that the degree of plasma ionization has a strong effect of the beam emittance.  
 
TUP016 Beam Brightness Booster with Charge Exchange Injection and Superintense Circulating Beams Production ion, brightness, electron, proton 844
 
  • V.G. Dudnikov, C.M. Ankenbrandt
    Muons, Inc, Batavia, USA
 
  An increase of intensity and brightness of proton beam by means of charge exchange injection and devices developed for this experiment are considered. First observation of e-p instability, explanation and damping by feed back are discussed. Discovery of “cesiation effect” leading to multiple increase of negative ion emission from gas discharges and development of surface-plasma sources for intense high brightness negative ion beams production are considered. By these developments were prepared a possibility for production of stable “superintense” circulating beam with intensity and brightness fare above space charge limit. A beam brightness booster (BBB) for significant increase of accumulated beam brightness is discussed. New opportunity for simplification of the superintense beam production is promised by developing of nonlinear close to integrable focusing system with broad spread of betatron tune and the broad bend feed back system for e-p instability suppression.  
 
TUP020 A New Continuous Muon Beam Line Using a Highly Efficient Pion Capture System at RCNP solenoid, proton, simulation, dipole 856
 
  • H. Sakamoto, Y. Kuno, A. Sato
    Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
  • S. Cook, R.T.P. D'Arcy
    UCL, London, United Kingdom
  • M. Fukuda, K. Hatanaka
    RCNP, Osaka, Japan
  • T. Ogitsu, A. Yamamoto, M.Y. Yoshida
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
 
  A new muon source with continuous time structure is under construction at Research Center of Nuclear Physics (RCNP), Osaka University. The ring cyclotron of RCNP can provide 400W 400MeV proton beam. Using this proton beam, the MuSIC produces a high intense muon beam. The target muon intensity is 108 muons/second, which is achieved by a pion capture with great efficiency to collect pions and muons using a solenoidal magnetic field. A pion production target system is located in a 3.5 Tesla solenoidal magnetic field generated by a super-conducting solenoid magnet. The proton beam hits the target, and backward pions and muons are captured by the field. Then they are transported by a curved solenoid beam line to experimental apparatus. The construction has been started in 2010, and would be finished in 5 years. We plan to carry out not only an experiment to search the lepton flavor violating process but also other experiments for muon science and their applications using the intense muon beam.  
 
TUP025 Two Wien Filter Spin Flipper electron, solenoid, polarization, laser 862
 
  • J.M. Grames, P.A. Adderley, J. F. Benesch, J. Clark, J. Hansknecht, R. Kazimi, D. Machie, M. Poelker, M.L. Stutzman, R. Suleiman, Y. Zhang
    JLAB, Newport News, Virginia, USA
 
  Funding: Authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177.
A new 4pi spin manipulator composed of two Wien filters oriented orthogonally and separated by two solenoids has been installed at the CEBAF/Jefferson Lab photoinjector. The new spin manipulator is used to precisely set the electron spin direction at an experiment in any direction (in or out of plane of the accelerator) and provides the means to reverse, or flip, the helicity of the electron beam on a daily basis. This reversal is being employed to suppress systematic false asymmetries that can jeopardize challenging parity violation experiments that strive to measure increasingly small physics asymmetries [*,**,***]. The spin manipulator is part of the ultra-high vacuum polarized electron source beam line and has been successfully operated with 100keV and 130keV electron beam at high current (>100 microAmps). A unique feature of the device is that spin-flipping requires only the polarity of one solenoid magnet be changed. Performance characteristics of the Two Wien Filter Spin Flipper will be summarized.
* http://hallaweb.jlab.org/parity/prex/
** http://www.jlab.org/qweak/
*** http://hallaweb.jlab.org/12GeV/Moller/
 
 
TUP085 Assumptions for the RF Losses in the 650 MHz Cavities of the Project X Linac cavity, linac, niobium, factory 985
 
  • A. Romanenko, L.D. Cooley, J.P. Ozelis, N. Solyak, V.P. Yakovlev
    Fermilab, Batavia, USA
 
  The requirements for the FNAL Project X cryogenic system depend on the dynamic heat loads of 650 MHz cavities. The heat load is in turn determined by quality factors of the cavities at the operating gradient. In this contribution we use the available experimental data to analyze quality factors achievable in 650 MHz linac cavities taking into account different RF losses contributions such as BCS resistance, residual resistance and a medium field Q-slope.  
 
TUP114 Rugged Solid-state RF Amplifiers for Accelerator Applications - Design and Performance from an Industry Perspective controls, rf-amplifier, monitoring, status 1053
 
  • S.C. Dillon, B.S. Nobel, J.L. Reid, C.P. Schach, W.J. Villena Gonzales
    Tomco Technologies, Stepney, South Australia, Australia
 
  Recent advances in transistor technology are making solid-state RF amplifiers an increasingly viable alternative to tube systems in accelerator applications. This paper details the development and performance of a range of new high power amplifiers, based on current MOSFET technology, and designed specifically for this application. A generic modular architecture that can be used to construct high power CW amplifier systems operating from HF up to S-band, is detailed. Key design considerations in terms of modularity, redundancy, reliability and cost are discussed.  
 
TUP133 Mechanical Design and Fabrication of a New RF Power Amplifier for LANSCE cathode, cavity, controls, rf-amplifier 1085
 
  • Z. Chen, M.J. Borden, N.K. Bultman, C.A. Chapman, J. Davis, J.L. Ferris, T.S. Gomez, J.T.M. Lyles, A.C. Naranjo
    LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
  • D. Baca, R.E. Bratton, R.D. Summers
    Compa Industries, Inc., Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
 
  Funding: Work supported by the United States Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Agency, under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396
A Full-scale prototype of a new 201 MHz RF Final Power Amplifier (FPA) for Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE) has been designed, fabricated, assembled and installed in the test facility. This prototype was successfully tested and met the physics and electronics design criteria. With a goal to produce 3.2 MW peak power at 15% duty factor, at the elevation of over 2 km in Los Alamos, The team faced design and manufacturing challenges. The mechanical design of the final power amplifier was built around a Thales TH628 Diacrode®, a state-of-art tetrode power tube*. The main structure includes Input circuit, Output circuit, Grid decoupling circuit, Output coupler, Tuning pistons, and a cooling system. Many kinds of material were utilized to make this new RF amplifier. The FPA is nearly 1000 kg and installed in a beam structural support stand. In this paper, we summarize the FPA design basis and fabrication, plating, and assembly process steps with necessary lifting and handling fixtures. In addition, to ensure the quality of the FPA support structure a finite element analysis with seismic design forces has also been carried out.
* J. Lyles, S. Archuletta, N. Bultman, Z. Chen, et al., “Design of a New VHF RF Power Amplifier System for LANSCE”, IPAC’10, Kyoto, Japan, May 24-28, 2010.
 
 
TUP146 Large Aperture Quadrupole Magnets for ISIS TS-1 and TS-2 quadrupole, dipole, proton, neutron 1103
 
  • S.M. Gurov, A.M. Batrakov, M.F. Blinov, F.A. Emanov, V.V. Kobets, V.A. Polukhin, A.S. Tsyganov, P. Vobly, T.A. Yaskina
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
  • S.J.S. Jago, J. Shih, S.F.S. Tomlinson
    STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
 
  The ISIS pulsed neutron and muon source at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory has two target stations TS-1 and TS-2. Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics developed, produced and delivered seven type Q13 quadrupole magnets with an aperture diameter of 310 mm for TS-2 beam transfer line. Later an additional three quadrupoles with integrated dipole coils were developed and delivered to ISIS TS1. To improve the field quality across the full current range a special pole profile and end chamfer were designed using the MERMAID code. The magnetic field map was measured by a set of Hall probes. Moreover, BINP produced a rotating coil with radius 120 mm for field quality measurements.  
 
TUP152 Dipole Corrector Magnets for the LBNE Beam Line dipole, simulation, quadrupole, synchrotron 1115
 
  • M. Yu, D.J. Harding, G. Velev
    Fermilab, Batavia, USA
 
  The conceptual design of a new dipole corrector magnet has been thoroughly studied. The planned Long-Baseline Neutrino Experiment (LBNE) beam line will require correctors capable of greater range and linearity than existing correctors, so a new design is proposed based on the horizontal trim dipole correctors built for the Main Injector synchrotron at Fermilab. The gap, pole shape, length, and number of conductor turns remain the same. To allow operation over a wider range of excitations without overheating, the conductor size is increased, and to maintain better linearity, the back leg thickness is increased. The magnetic simulation was done using ANSYS to optimize the shape and the size of the yoke. The thermal performance was also modeled and analyzed.  
 
TUP153 Fabrication and Test of Short Helical Solenoid Model Based on YBCO Tape solenoid, insertion, cavity, collider 1118
 
  • M. Yu, V. Lombardo, M.L. Lopes, D. Turrioni, A.V. Zlobin
    Fermilab, Batavia, USA
  • G. Flanagan, R.P. Johnson
    Muons, Inc, Batavia, USA
 
  Funding: Supported in part by USDOE STTR Grant DE-FG02-07ER84825 and by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC, under contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
A helical cooling channel (HCC) is a new technique proposed for six-dimensional (6D) cooling of muon beams. To achieve the optimal cooling rate, the high field section of HCC need to be developed, which suggests using High Temperature Superconductors (HTS). This paper updates the parameters of a YBCO based helical solenoid (HS) model, describes the fabrication of HS segments (double-pancake units) and the assembly of six-coil short HS model with two dummy cavity insertions. Three HS segments and the six-coil short model were tested. The results are presented and discussed.
 
 
TUP166 Novel Quench Detection System For HTS Coils extraction, power-supply, controls, background 1136
 
  • P.N. Joshi, S. Dimaiuta, G. Ganetis, R.C. Gupta, Y. Shiroyanagi
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
 
  As a part of HTS magnet R&D, small coils are being built and tested to study quench properties in a systematic manner. Fot this purpose, multi-channel quench detection, fast and slow data logger, current ramp controller and energy extraction system was developed. This system had to be flexible, compact, economical and easy to use. The system is based on LabView and FPGA hardware from National Instrument.  
 
TUP171 Influence of Proton Irradiation on Angular Dependence of Second Generation (2G) HTS radiation, proton, quadrupole, superconductivity 1145
 
  • Y. Shiroyanagi, G.A. Greene, R.C. Gupta, W. Sampson
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
 
  Funding: Work supported by the U.S. DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 and under Cooperative Agreement DE-SC0000661 from DOE-SC that provides financial assistance to MSU to design and establish FRIB.
In the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB), superconducting magnets will be exposed to high levels of ionizing radiation. Quadruples in the fragment separator will be exposed to radiation doses as high as ~20 MGy/yr and heat loads as high as ~10 kW/m. High temperature superconducting (HTS) tapes are good candidates for this magnet because they can be operated in the temperature range ~30-50 K to tolerate higher temperatures than low temperature superconductors. Thus, radiation damage studies of HTS tapes are crucial to ensure that they will perform satisfactorily in such a high radiation environment. Therefore, the effects of proton irradiation on second generation HTS tapes from two vendors were studied. Each sample of HTS tape from SuperPower and American Superconductor was irradiated by a 42μA, 142 MeV proton beam at the Brookhaven Linac Isotope Producer. Two of each were irradiated at 5 dose levels: 2.5, 25, 50, 75 and 100μA•hr. The angular dependence of the critical current was measured in a magnetic field at 77K. Based on these measurements, conductors from both vendors appear to satisfy the FRIB radiation-tolerance requirement of 10 years of operation.
 
 
TUP172 Studies of High-field Sections of a Muon Helical Cooling Channel with Coil Separation dipole, solenoid, cavity, superconductivity 1148
 
  • M.L. Lopes, V.S. Kashikhin, K. Yonehara, M. Yu, A.V. Zlobin
    Fermilab, Batavia, USA
 
  Funding: Work supported by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC, under contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
The Helical Cooling Channel (HCC) was proposed for 6D cooling of muon beams required for muon collider and some other applications. HCC uses a continuous absorber inside superconducting magnets which produce solenoidal field superimposed with transverse helical dipole and helical gradient fields. HCC is usually divided into several sections each with progressively stronger fields, smaller aperture and shorter helix period to achieve the optimal muon cooling rate. This paper presents the design issues of the high field section of HCC with coil separation. The effect of coil spacing on the longitudinal and transverse field components is presented and its impact on the muon cooling is evaluated and discussed. The paper also describes methods for field corrections and their practical limits.
 
 
TUP178 Current Progress of TAMU3: A Block Coil Stress-managed High Field (>12T) Nb3Sn Dipole dipole, status, collider, controls 1163
 
  • E.F. Holik, C.P. Benson, R. Blackburn, N. Diaczenko, T. Elliott, A. Jaisle, A.D. McInturff, P.M. McIntyre, A. Sattarov
    Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
 
  Funding: This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Grant DE-FG02-06ER41405
TAMU3 is a block-coil short model dipole which embodies for the first time at high field (>12T) strength the techniques of stress management within the superconducting windings. The dipole consists of two planar racetrack coil assemblies, assembled within the rectangular aperture of a flux return core. Each assembly contains an inner and outer winding, and a high-strength support structure which is integrated within the assembly to intercept the Lorentz stress produced from the inner winding so that it does not accumulate to produce high stress in the outer winding. Iso-static preload is applied by pressurizing a set of thin stainless steel bladders with molten Woods metal and then freezing the metal under pressure. Current technology, difficulties, and present status of construction of magnet assembly will be presented.
 
 
TUP179 Energy Deposition within Superconducting Coils of a 4 MW Target Station shielding, neutron, simulation, factory 1166
 
  • X.P. Ding
    UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
  • J.J. Back
    University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
  • R.C. Fernow, H.G. Kirk, N. Souchlas
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
  • K.T. McDonald
    PU, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
  • R.J. Weggel
    Particle Beam Lasers, Inc., Northridge, California, USA
 
  Funding: Work Supported by the United States Department of Energy, Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886.
A study of energy deposition within superconducting coils of a 4 MW target station for a neutrino factory or muon collider is presented. Using the MARS code, we simulate the energy deposition within the environment surrounding the target. The radiation is produced by interactions of intense proton beams with a free liquid mercury jet. We study the influence of different shielding materials and shielding configurations on the energy deposition in the superconducting coils of the target/capture system. We also examine energy depositions for alternative configurations that allow more space for shielding, thus providing more protection for the superconducting coils.
 
 
TUP181 A Monitoring System for CSR Power Supply monitoring, power-supply, ion, heavy-ion 1169
 
  • W. Zhang, S. An, S. Gou, W.M. Qiao, Y.P. Wang, F. Yang, Y.J. Yuan
    IMP, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
 
  This article elaborated the monitoring system which has applied in the CSR power supply. This system is composed of the hardware and the software. The hardware is composed of PS6040-PXI-18 PXI engine case +PXI-3800 the master controller +PXI-6133 the ADC card. The software uses NI Corporation's LABVIEW to carry on the data demonstration and the analysis. This monitoring system in the CSR debugging, in the acceptance and the running has played the influential role. At the same time, it provided the data for the physical person. This monitoring system has run four years in the CSR.  
 
TUP265 A Solenoid Capture System for a Muon Collider proton, factory, collider, solenoid 1316
 
  • H.G. Kirk, R.C. Fernow, N. Souchlas
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
  • J.J. Back
    University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
  • C.J. Densham, P. Loveridge
    STFC/RAL, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
  • X.P. Ding
    UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
  • V.B. Graves
    ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  • T. Guo, F. Ladeinde, V. Samulyak, Y. Zhan
    SUNY SB, Stony Brok, New York, USA
  • K.T. McDonald
    PU, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
  • R.J. Weggel
    Particle Beam Lasers, Inc., Northridge, California, USA
 
  Funding: This work was supported in part by the US DOE Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886.
The concept for a muon-production system for a muon collider or neutrino factory calls for an intense 4-MW-class proton beam impinging upon a free-flowing mercury jet immersed in a 20-T solenoid field. This system is challenging in many aspects, including magnetohydrodynamics of the mercury jet subject to disruption by the proton beam, strong intermagnetic forces, and the intense thermal loads and substantial radiation damage to the magnet coils due to secondary particles from the target. Studies of these issues are ongoing, with a sketch of their present status given here.
 
 
TUP282 The MICE Target acceleration, extraction, injection, proton 1355
 
  • P.J. Smith, C.N. Booth, P. Hodgson, E. Overton, M. Robinson
    Sheffield University, Sheffield, United Kingdom
  • G.J. Barber, K.R. Long
    Imperial College of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
  • E.G. Capocci, J.S. Tarrant
    STFC/RAL, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
  • B.J.A. Shepherd
    STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
 
  The MICE experiment uses a beam of low energy muons to test the feasibility of ionization cooling. This beam is derived parasitically from the ISIS accelerator at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory. A target mechanism has been developed and deployed that rapidly inserts a small titanium target into the circulating proton beam immediately prior to extraction without undue disturbance of the primary ISIS beam. The first target drive was installed in ISIS during 2008 and operated successfully for over 100,000 pulses. A second upgraded design was installed in 2009 and after more than half a million actuations is still in operation. Further upgrades to the target design are now being tried in a separate test rig at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory. The technical specifications for these upgraded designs are given and the motivations for the improvements are discussed. Additionally, further future improvements to the current design are discussed.  
 
WEOAS1 Inertial Fusion Driven by Intense Heavy-Ion Beams ion, plasma, heavy-ion, acceleration 1386
 
  • W. M. Sharp, J.J. Barnard, R.H. Cohen, M. Dorf, A. Friedman, D.P. Grote, S.M. Lund, L.J. Perkins, M.R. Terry
    LLNL, Livermore, California, USA
  • F.M. Bieniosek, A. Faltens, E. Henestroza, J.-Y. Jung, A.E. Koniges, J.W. Kwan, E. P. Lee, S.M. Lidia, B.G. Logan, P.N. Ni, L.R. Reginato, P.K. Roy, P.A. Seidl, J.H. Takakuwa, J.-L. Vay, W.L. Waldron
    LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
  • R.C. Davidson, E.P. Gilson, I. Kaganovich, H. Qin, E. Startsev
    PPPL, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
  • I. Haber, R.A. Kishek
    UMD, College Park, Maryland, USA
 
  Funding: Work performed under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by LLNL under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344, by LBNL under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231, and by PPPL under Contract DE-AC02-76CH03073.
Intense heavy-ion beams have long been considered a promising driver option for inertial-fusion energy production. This paper briefly compares inertial confinement fusion (ICF) to the more-familiar magnetic- confinement approach and presents some advantages of using beams of heavy ions to drive ICF instead of lasers. Key design choices in heavy-ion fusion (HIF) facilities are discussed, particularly the type of accelerator. We then review experiments carried out at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) over the past thirty years to understand various aspects of HIF driver physics. A brief review follows of present HIF research in the US and abroad, focusing on a new facility, NDCX-II, being built at LBNL to study the physics of warm dense matter heated by ions, as well as aspects of HIF target physics. Future research directions are briefly summarized.
 
slides icon Slides WEOAS1 [18.657 MB]  
 
WEOBN5 Concept and Architecture of the RHIC LLRF Upgrade Platform LLRF, controls, collider, booster 1410
 
  • K.S. Smith, T. Hayes, F. Severino
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
 
  Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy
The goal of the RHIC LLRF upgrade has been the development of a stand alone, generic, high performance, modular LLRF control platform, which can be configured to replace existing systems and to serve as a common platform for all new RF systems. The platform is also designed to integrate seamlessly into a distributed network based controls infrastructure, be easy to deploy, and to be useful in a variety of digital signal processing and data acquisition roles. Reuse of hardware, software and firmware has been emphasized to minimize development effort and maximize commonality of system components. System interconnection, synchronization and scaling is facilitated by a deterministic, high speed serial timing and data link, while standard intra and inter chassis communications utilize high speed, non-deterministic protocol based serial links. System hardware configuration is modular and flexible, based on a combination of a main carrier board which can host up to six custom or commercial daughter modules as required to implement desired functionality. This paper will provide an overview of the platform concept, architecture, features and benefits.
 
slides icon Slides WEOBN5 [31.462 MB]  
 
WEOCN3 Operational Results from the LHC Luminosity Monitors luminosity, proton, ion, simulation 1443
 
  • R. Miyamoto
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
  • E. Bravin
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • H.S. Matis, A. Ratti, W.C. Turner, H. Yaver, T. stezelberger
    LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
 
  Funding: This work partially supported by the US Department of Energy through the US LHC Accelerator Research Program (LARP).
The Luminosity Monitors for the high luminosity regions in the LHC have been operating to monitor and optimize the luminosity since the beginning of the 2009 run. The device is a gas ionization chamber, which has the ability to resolve bunch-by-bunch luminosity as well as survive the extreme levels of radiation at nominal high intensity LHC operations. The chambers are installed at the zero degree collision angle inside the neutral absorbers 140 m from the interaction point and monitor showers produced by high energy neutral particles from the collisions. A second device, a photo-multiplier based system (PMT) located directly behind the gas ionization chamber, has been also used at low luminosities. We will present operational results for the ionization chambers for both pp and Pb-Pb collisions. These measurements include signal, noise and background studies, and correlation between the gas ionization detector and the PMT. Also, comparison with ongoing modeling efforts will be included.
 
slides icon Slides WEOCN3 [2.609 MB]  
 
WEODS2 High-Power Targets: Experience and R&D for 2 MW radiation, proton, neutron, simulation 1496
 
  • P. Hurh
    Fermilab, Batavia, USA
  • O. Caretta, T.R. Davenne, C.J. Densham, P. Loveridge
    STFC/RAL, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
  • N. Simos
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
 
  High-power particle production targets are crucial elements of future neutrino and other rare particle beams. Fermilab plans to produce a beam of neutrinos (LBNE) with a 2.3 MW proton beam (Project X). Any solid target is unlikely to survive for an extended period in such an environment - many materials would not survive a single beam pulse. We are using our experience with previous neutrino and antiproton production targets, along with a new series of R&D tests, to design a target that has adequate survivability for this beamline. The issues considered are thermal shock (stress waves), heat removal, radiation damage, radiation accelerated corrosion effects, physics/geometry optimization and residual radiation.  
 
WEP098 Formation of High Charge State Heavy Ion Beams with Intense Space Charge ion, space-charge, electron, heavy-ion 1657
 
  • P.A. Seidl, J.-L. Vay
    LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
 
  Funding: This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S Department of Energy by LBNL under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231.
High charge-state heavy-ion beams are of interest and used for a number of accelerator applications. Some accelerators produce the beams downstream of the ion source by stripping bound electrons from the ions as they pass through a foil or gas. In other accelerator systems, ions of charge state >1 are produced directly in the ion source. Heavy-ion inertial fusion (HIF) would benefit from low-emittance, high current ion beams with charge state >1. For these accelerators, the desired dimensionless perveance upon extraction from the emitter is ~0.001, and the electrical current of the beam pulse is ~ 1 A. For accelerator applications where high charge state and very high current are desired, space charge effects might present unique challenges. For example, in a stripper, the separation of charge states might create significant nonlinear space-charge forces which would impact the beam brightness. We will report on the particle-in-cell simulation of the formation of such beams for HIF, and review the possible technical approaches.
 
 
WEP208 Design of an Antiproton Recycler Ring antiproton, ion, acceleration, quadrupole 1879
 
  • A.I. Papash, G.A. Karamysheva, A.V. Smirnov
    MPI-K, Heidelberg, Germany
  • O. Karamyshev
    JINR/DLNP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
  • H. Knudsen
    Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
  • A.I. Papash
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  • M.R.F. Siggel-King
    The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
  • C.P. Welsch
    Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
 
  Funding: Work supported by the EU under contract PITN-GA-2008-215080, the Helmholtz Association of National Research Centers (HGF) under contract VH-NG-328, and the GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research.
At present, the only place in the world where experiments utilising low-energy antiprotons can be performed is the AD at CERN. The MUSASHI trap, as part of the ASACUSA collaboration, enables access to antiproton energies in the order of a few hundreds of eV. Whilst MUSASHI produces cutting-edge research, the available beam quality and luminosity is not sufficient for collision experiments on the level of differential cross sections. A small electrostatic ring, and associated electrostatic acceleration section, is being designed and developed by the QUASAR Group. It will serve as a prototype for the future ultra-low energy storage ring (USR), to be integrated at the facility for low-energy antiproton and ion research (FLAIR). This small AD recycler ring will be unique due to its combination of size, electrostatic nature and energy of the circulating particles. In this contribution, the design of the ring is described and details about the injection section are given.
 
 
WEP224 Operational Status and Life Extension Plans for the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE) neutron, proton, linac, scattering 1906
 
  • J.L. Erickson, D. Rees
    LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
 
  Funding: Work supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration, Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396 – Publication Release LA-UR- 10-06556
The Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE) accelerator and beam delivery complex generates the proton beams that serve three neutron production sources, a proton radiography facility and a medical and research isotope production facility. The recent operating history of the facility, including both achievements and challenges, will be reviewed. Plans for performance improvement will be discussed, together with the underlying drivers for the ongoing LANSCE Linac Risk Mitigation project. The details of this latter project will be discussed. The status of accelerator-related plans for the MaRIE Project (Matter-Radiation Interactions in Extremes Experimental Project) will also be discussed. Taken together, the LANSCE Linac Risk Mitigation Project and the MaRIE initiative demonstrate a commitment to investment in the ongoing operation and improvement of the facility, and a resurgent interest in the spectrum of science accessible at LANSCE. These plans will assure continued facility operational and scientific vitality well beyond 2020.
 
 
WEP243 Status of the Neutralized Drift Compression Experiment (NDCX-II) induction, ion, solenoid, pulsed-power 1939
 
  • W.L. Waldron, J.W. Kwan
    LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
 
  Funding: This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. DOE by LLNL under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344, by LBNL under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231, and by PPPL under Contract DE-AC02-76CH03073.
The Neutralized Drift Compression Experiment (NDCX-II) is an induction accelerator project currently in construction at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory for warm dense matter (WDM) experiments investigating the interaction of ion beams with matter at high temperature and pressure. The machine consists of a lithium injector, induction accelerator cells, diagnostic cells, a neutralized drift compression line, a final focus solenoid, and a target chamber. The machine relies on a sequence of acceleration waveforms to longitudinally compress the initial ion pulse from 600 ns to less than 1 ns in ~ 12 meters. Radial confinement of the beam is achieved with 2.5 T solenoids. In the initial hardware configuration, 30-50 nC of Li+ will be accelerated to 1.2 MeV and allowed to drift-compress to a peak current of ~ 20 A. Construction of the accelerator will be completed in the summer of 2011 and will provide a worldwide unique opportunity for ion-driven warm dense matter experiments as well as research related to novel beam manipulations for heavy ion fusion drivers. The basic design of the machine and the current status of the construction project will be presented.
 
 
WEP248 Overview of the LBNE Neutrino Beam proton, simulation, remote-handling, shielding 1948
 
  • C.D. Moore, Y. He, P. Hurh, J. Hylen, B.G. Lundberg, M.W. McGee, J.R. Misek, N.V. Mokhov, V. Papadimitriou, R.K. Plunkett, R.P. Schultz, G. Velev, K.E. Williams, R.M. Zwaska
    Fermilab, Batavia, USA
 
  Funding: Work supported by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC, under contract DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
The Long Baseline Neutrino Experiment (LBNE) will utilize a neutrino beamline facility located at Fermilab. The facility will aim a beam of neutrinos toward a detector placed at the Deep Underground Science and Engineering Laboratory (DUSEL) in South Dakota. The neutrinos are produced in a three step process. First, protons from the Main Injector hit a solid target and produce mesons. Then, the charged mesons are focused by a set of focusing horns into the decay pipe, towards the far detector. Finally, the mesons that enter the decay pipe decay into neutrinos. The parameters of the facility were determined by an amalgam of the physics goals, the Monte Carlo modeling of the facility, and the experience gained by operating the NuMI facility at Fermilab. The initial beam power is expected to be ~700 kW, however some of the parameters were chosen to be able to deal with a beam power of 2.3 MW.
 
 
WEP249 Intense Muon Beams for Experiments at Project X simulation, collider, proton, linac 1951
 
  • C.M. Ankenbrandt, R.P. Johnson, C. Y. Yoshikawa
    Muons, Inc, Batavia, USA
  • V.S. Kashikhin, D.V. Neuffer
    Fermilab, Batavia, USA
  • J. Miller
    BUphy, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
  • R.A. Rimmer
    JLAB, Newport News, Virginia, USA
 
  Funding: Supported in part by DOE SBIR grant DE-SC00002739
A coherent approach for providing muon beams to several experiments for the intensity-frontier program at Project X is described. Concepts developed for the front end of a muon collider/neutrino factory facility, such as phase rotation and ionization cooling, are applied, but with significant differences. High-intensity experiments typically require high-duty-factor beams pulsed at a time interval commensurate with the muon lifetime. It is challenging to provide large RF voltages at high duty factor, especially in the presence of intense radiation and strong magnetic fields, which may preclude the use of superconducting RF cavities. As an alternative, cavities made of materials such as ultra-pure Al and Be, which become very good - but not super - conductors at cryogenic temperatures, can be used.
 
 
WEP270 A High Current Density Li+ Alumino-silicate Ion Source for Target Heating Experiments ion, extraction, ion-source, space-charge 1981
 
  • P.K. Roy, W.G. Greenway, J.W. Kwan, P.A. Seidl, W.L. Waldron
    LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
 
  Funding: This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S Department of Energy by LLNL under contract DE AC52 07NA27344, and by LBNL under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231.
The NDCX-II accelerator has been designed for target heating experiments in the warm dense matter regime. It will use a large diameter (≈ 10.9 cm) Li+ doped alumino-silicate source with a pulse duration of 0.5 μs, and beam current of ≈ 93 mA. Characterization of a prototype lithium alumino-silicate sources is presented. Using 6.35 mm diameter prototype emitters (coated and sintered on a ≈ 75% porous tungsten substrate), at a temperature of ≈1275° C, a space-charge limited Li+ beam current density of ≈ 1 mA/cm2 was measured. At higher extraction voltage, the source is emission limited at around ≈ 1.5 mA/cm2, weakly dependent on the applied voltage. The lifetime of the ion source is ≈ 50 hours while pulsing the extraction voltage at 2 to 3 times per minute. Measurements under these conditions show that the lifetime of the ion source does not depend only on beam current extraction, and lithium loss may be dominated by neutral loss or by evaporation. The thickness of the coating does not affect the emission density. It is inferred that pulsed heating, synchronized with the beam pulse rate may increase the life time of a source.
 
 
WEP296 Effects of Errors of Velocity Tilt on Maximum Longitudinal Compression During Neutralized Drift Compression of Intense Beam Pulses bunching, induction, ion, focusing 2038
 
  • I. Kaganovich, R.C. Davidson, E. Startsev
    PPPL, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
  • A. Friedman
    LLNL, Livermore, California, USA
  • S. Massidda
    Columbia University, New York, USA
 
  Funding: Research supported by the U.S. Department of Energy.
Neutralized drift compression offers an effective means for particle beam focusing and current amplification. In neutralized drift compression, a linear longitudinal velocity tilt is applied to the beam pulse, so that the beam pulse compresses as it drifts in the focusing section. The beam intensity can increase more than a factor of 100 in the longitudinal direction. We have performed an analytical study of how errors in the velocity tilt acquired by the beam in the induction bunching module limits the maximum longitudinal compression. It is found in general that the compression ratio is determined by the relative errors in the velocity tilt. That is, one-percent errors may limit the compression to a factor of one hundred. However, part of pulse where the errors are small may compress to much higher values determined by the initial thermal spread of the beam pulse. Examples of slowly varying and rapidly varying errors compared to the beam pulse duration are studied.
 
 
WEP297 A Conceptual Design of the 2+ MW LBNE Beam Absorber proton, simulation, shielding, hadron 2041
 
  • G. Velev, S.C. Childress, P. Hurh, J. Hylen, A.V. Makarov, N.V. Mokhov, C.D. Moore, I. Novitski
    Fermilab, Batavia, USA
 
  Funding: This work is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy.
The Long Baseline Neutrino Experiment (LBNE) will utilize a neutrino beamline facility located at Fermilab. The facility will aim a beam of neutrinos, produced by 60-120 GeV protons from the Fermilab Main Injector, toward a detector placed at the Deep Underground Science and Engineering Laboratory (DUSEL) in South Dakota. Secondary particles that do not decay into muons and neutrinos as well as any residual proton beam must be stopped at the end of the decay region to reduce noise/damage in the downstream muon monitors and reduce activation in the surrounding rock. This goal is achieved by placing an absorber structure at the end of the decay region. The requirements and conceptual design of such an absorber, capable of operating at 2+ MW primary proton beam power, is described.
 
 
THOBN1 R&D Toward a Neutrino Factory and Muon Collider collider, factory, cavity, simulation 2056
 
  • M.S. Zisman
    LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
 
  Funding: Work supported by U.S. Dept. of Energy, Office of High Energy Physics, under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
Significant progress has been made in recent years in R&D towards a neutrino factory and muon collider. The U.S. Muon Accelerator Program (MAP) has been formed recently to expedite the R&D efforts. This talk will review the US MAP R&D programs for a neutrino factory and muon collider. Muon ionization cooling research is the key element of the program. The first muon ionization cooling demonstration experiment, MICE (Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment) is under construction now at RAL (Rutherford Appleton Laboratory) in UK. Status of MICE as well as the U.S. contribution to MICE will be presented.
 
slides icon Slides THOBN1 [1.987 MB]  
 
THOBS6 Thin Film Coatings for Suppressing Electron Multipacting in Particle Accelerators electron, vacuum, dipole, plasma 2096
 
  • P. Costa Pinto, S. Calatroni, P. Chiggiato, H. Neupert, E.N. Shaposhnikova, M. Taborelli, W. Vollenberg, C. Yin Vallgren
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
 
  Thin film coatings are an effective way for suppressing electron multipacting in particle accelerators. For bakeable beam pipes, the TiZrV Non Evaporable Getter (NEG) developed at CERN can provide a Secondary Electron Yield (SEY) of 1.1 after activation at 180oC (24h). The coating process was implemented in large scale to coat the long straight sections and the experimental beam pipes for the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). For non bakeable beam pipes, as those of the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS), CERN started a campaign to develop a coating having a low SEY without need of in situ heating. Magnetron sputtered carbon thin films have shown SEY of 1 with marginal deterioration when exposed in air for months. This material is now being tested in both laboratory and accelerator environment. At CERN’s SPS, tests with electron cloud monitors attached to carbon coated chambers show no degradation of the coating after two years of operation interleaved with a total of 3 months of air exposure during shutdown periods. This paper presents the SEY characteristics of both TiZrV and carbon films, the coating processes and the proposed route towards large scale production for the carbon coatings.  
slides icon Slides THOBS6 [4.620 MB]  
 
THOCN2 The High-Energy Storage Ring (HESR) electron, antiproton, accumulation, ion 2104
 
  • R. Maier
    FZJ, Jülich, Germany
 
  The High-Energy Storage Ring (HESR) is part of the upcoming International Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) at GSI in Darmstadt. An important feature of this new facility is the combination of powerful phase-space cooled beams and thick internal targets (e.g., pellet targets) to reach the demanding requirements of the internal target experiment PANDA in terms of beam quality and luminosity. In this paper the status of the preparatory work for the HESR at the FZ Jülich is summarized. The main activities are beam dynamics simulations and hardware developments for HESR in combination with accelerator component tests and beam dynamics experiments at the Cooler Synchrotron COSY.  
slides icon Slides THOCN2 [4.366 MB]  
 
THP009 Collimator Design of 15 MeV Linear Accelerator Based Thermal Neutron Source for Radiography neutron, electron, simulation, linac 2154
 
  • B.J. Patil, V.N. Bhoraskar, S.D. Dhole
    University of Pune, Pune, India
  • S.T. Chavan, R. Krishnan, S.N. Pethe
    SAMEER, Mumbai, India
  • A.J. Patil
    DANA, Pune, India
 
  Neutron Radiography is a powerful non-destructive testing technique used for the analysis of objects which are widely used in security, medical, nuclear and industrial applications. Optimization of the thermal neutron radiography facility has been carried out using 15 MeV LINAC based neutron source. In this case, a neutron collimator has been designed along with g-n target, moderator, reflector and shielding. The g-n target has been optimized based on their photonuclear threshold. The moderating properties have been studied for few light elements to optimize best suitable moderator for radiography system. The major part of the design was to optimize the collimator for neutron beam which decides quality of the image given. To get best values of collimator parameters such as collimation ratio, gamma content, neuron flux, cadmium ratio, beam uniformity, etc. a FLUKA simulation was carried out. The collimator has been optimized with cadmium lining square cone to capture the scattered thermal neutrons and the collimation ratio to L/D=18. The neutron flux of the optimized facility obtained at the object plane is 1.0·10+5 n/(cm2-sec1) and neutron to gamma ratio is 1.0·10+5 n/(cm2-mR1).  
 
THP010 Optimization of Dual Scattering Foil for 6 to 20 MeV Electron Beam Radiotherapy electron, scattering, simulation, radiation 2157
 
  • B.J. Patil, V.N. Bhoraskar, S.D. Dhole
    University of Pune, Pune, India
  • S.T. Chavan, R. Krishnan, S.N. Pethe
    SAMEER, Mumbai, India
 
  From last 50 years, electron beam therapy has an important radiation therapy modality. The electron beam from the LINAC is of size ~ 2 mm, whereas the size required for actual treatment is usually larger than 2 X 2 cm2 up to 30 X 30 cm2 at the isocenter. In the present work, it is proposed to use dual scattering foil system for production of clinical electron beam. The foils for 6 to 20 MeV electrons were optimized using the Monte Carlo based FLUKA code. The material composition, thickness of primary foil, Gaussian width and thickness of secondary foil were optimized such that it should meet the design parameters such as Dose at iso-center, beam uniformity, admixture of bremsstrahlung, etc. A pencil beam of electrons passing through primary foil converted into Gaussian shape and falling at the centroid of secondary foil which experienced maximum scattering, whereas falling at the edge experienced the minimum scattering. This results into flat profile of electron at isocenter. In conclusion, the primary scattering foil has been optimized with high Z element (Ta) having uniform thickness, whereas the secondary foil has been optimized with low Z element (Al) having Gaussian shape.  
 
THP012 Development of Imaging Techniques for Medical Accelerators in the QUASAR Group antiproton, monitoring, ion, electron 2160
 
  • C.P. Welsch, T. Cybulski
    Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  • R. Boll, S. Sellner, S. Tegami
    MPI-K, Heidelberg, Germany
  • M. Holzscheiter
    UNM, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
  • C.P. Welsch
    The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
 
  Funding: Work supported by the EU under contract PIIF-GA-2009-234814, PITN-GA-2008-215080 and DFG under WE3565/5.
Ions offer an increased precision in radiotherapy due to their specific depth-dose properties. This precision can only be fully exploited if exact knowledge of the particle beam properties, as well as the exact range of the particles in the inhomogeneous target, is available. The QUASAR Group has addressed the key issues in a number of different ways: Using a monolithic active pixel sensor, designed for dead time-free operation, we have developed a beam monitoring system capable of monitoring pulsed and continuous beams at typical therapeutic energies and intensities in real time during patient treatment; using a non-intrusive detector system based on the VELO detector, we will measure variations in beam properties without intersecting the beam core altogether; using liquid ionization chambers, we aim at obtaining information on the biological quality of the beam; using a simple set-up based on a silicon pixel detector, developed for the ALICE experiment, we have demonstrated the feasibility of detecting the distal edge of the Bragg peak in antiproton beams by detecting the pions resulting from pbar-nucleon annihilations. This paper gives an overview of these studies.
 
 
THP025 A Cooled Generalized Multiple Target System to Create Positrons for a Compact Tunable Intense Gamma Ray Source positron, electron, dipole, background 2169
 
  • C. Y. Yoshikawa, C.M. Ankenbrandt
    Muons, Inc, Batavia, USA
  • A. Afanasev
    Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia, USA
  • D.V. Neuffer
    Fermilab, Batavia, USA
 
  Funding: This work was funded by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory which is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Battelle Memorial Institute under Contract DE-AC06-76RLO 1830.
A compact tunable gamma ray source has many potential uses in medical and industrial applications. One novel scheme to produce an intense beam of gammas relies on the ability to create a high flux of positrons, which are produced by an electron beam on a high Z target. We present an innovative system which allows for a nearly arbitrary targeting geometry that supports multiple targets, whose optimal design is allowed to be driven by the physics of the positron production processes, while naturally supporting cooling of the targets.
 
 
THP029 Temperature and Optimize Design of Beam Window in the Accelerator proton, neutron, vacuum, radiation 2175
 
  • J.J. Tian, H. Hao, G. Liu, H.L. Luo, X.Q. Wang, H.L. Wu
    USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
 
  Careful evaluation of the heat-transfer and corresponding problems is important in the beam window in the design and operation of Accelerator Driven sub-critical System (ADS). Using the Monte-Carlo code Fluka, we studied the energy deposition of the beam window in high power proton accelerator. The temperature distribution of the beam window is calculated in presence of the coolant. The process of computation for various materials will be introduced, and an optimized design scheme is given. The results suggest that some measures could be used to reduce the damage to the beam window, such as dividing current into branch currents, expanding the bunch or using beryllium as the material of the beam window, et al.  
 
THP030 GEANT4 Studies of the Thorium Fuel Cycle proton, simulation, neutron, scattering 2178
 
  • C. Bungau
    Manchester University, Manchester, United Kingdom
  • R.J. Barlow
    UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
  • A. Bungau, R. Cywinski
    University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom
 
  Thorium “fuel” has been proposed as an alternative to uranium fuel in nuclear reactors. New GEANT4 developments allow the Monte Carlo code to be used for the first time in order to simulate the time evolution of the concentration of isotopes present in the Thorium fuel cycle. A full study is performed in order to optimise the production of Uranium-233 starting with "pure" Thorium fuels, leading to levels of Uranium-233 which ensure the operation of the nuclear reactor in a regime close to criticality.  
 
THP034 Accelerators for Subcritical Molten Salt Reactors neutron, linac, proton, SRF 2181
 
  • R.P. Johnson
    Muons, Inc, Batavia, USA
  • C. Bowman
    ADNA, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
 
  Funding: Supported in part by Accelerator Technologies Inc.
Accelerator parameters for subcritical reactors that have been considered in recent studies * are based on using solid nuclear fuel much like that used in all operating critical reactors as well as the thorium-burning accelerator-driven energy amplifier ** proposed by Rubbia et al. An attractive alternative reactor design that used molten salts was experimentally studied at ORNL in the 1960s, where a critical molten salt reactor was successfully operated using enriched U235 or U233 tetrafluoride fuels ***. These experiments give confidence that an accelerator-driven subcritical molten salt reactor will work as well or better than conventional reactors, having better efficiency due to their higher operating temperature and having the inherent safety of subcritical operation. Moreover, the requirements to drive a molten salt reactor are considerably relaxed compared to a solid fuel reactor, especially regarding accelerator reliability and spallation neutron targetry, to the point that the required technology exists today.
* http://www.er.doe.gov/hep/files/pdfs/ADSWhitePaperFinal.pdf
** http://wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_amplifier
*** Paul N. Haubenreich and J. R. Engel, Nuc. Apps & Tech, 8, Feb. 1970
 
 
THP037 Design of an e-γ Converter for a 10 MeV Electron Beam electron, neutron, photon, linac 2184
 
  • L. Auditore, D. Loria, E. Morgana
    INFN - Gruppo Messina, S. Agata, Messina, Italy
  • L. Auditore, R.C. Barnà, A. Trifirò, M. Trimarchi
    Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
  • G. Di Bella
    Università di Messina, Facoltà di Ingegneria, Messina, Italy
 
  In the last years, the INFN-Gruppo Collegato di Messina has designed and setup an x-ray source based on the 5 MeV electron linac hosted at the Dipartimento di Fisica - Università di Messina. In the meanwhile, and in the framework of an European funding, the group has setup the Centro Ricerche at Villafranca Tirrena (Messina, Italy) which holds a 10 MeV electron linac and which is, at the moment, mainly devoted to industrial Radiation Processing applications. Nevertheless, to the aim to provide also x-ray beams, an e-g converter has been designed by means of the MCNP4C2 simulation code and optimized for a 10 MeV electron beam. A wide investigation has been performed to choose material and thickness for the e-g converter in order to provide the highest x-ray yield. Then, angular distribution and energy spectrum have been simulated to characterize the produced bremsstrahlung beam. Also the target activation has been investigated. Finally, thermal analysis has been performed using a finite element model code, Deform 2D, to choose the definitive mechanical settings of the e-g converter.  
 
THP041 Particle Dynamics Simulation in Wobbler System for Hollow High Energy Heavy Ion Beam Formation simulation, focusing, ion, heavy-ion 2193
 
  • S. Minaev, N.N. Alexeev, A. Golubev, G. Kropachev, T. Kulevoy, B.Y. Sharkov, A. Sitnikov, T. Tretyakova
    ITEP, Moscow, Russia
 
  Funding: Work supported by Rosatom contract #N.4е.45.90.10.1065
Intense heavy ion beam is an efficient tool to generate high energy density states in macroscopic amounts of matter. As result it enables to study astrophysical processes in the laboratory under controlled and reproducible conditions. For advanced experiments in high energy density physics the cylindrical target irradiated by hollow cylindrical beam is required. A new method for RF rotation of the ion beam is applied for the formation of the required hollow beam. The RF system consisting of two four-cell H-mode cavities with a resonant frequency of 297 MHz was chosen. The layout of the suggested rotating system for hollow beam formation including focusing elements is presented. The particle dynamics simulation was carried out for expecting beam parameters at ITEP Terawatt Accumulator project (ITEP TWAC). The results of simulation is considered in this paper.
 
 
THP044 Linear Accelerator Design Study with Direct Plasma Injection Scheme for Warm Dense Matter ion, plasma, heavy-ion, laser 2199
 
  • K. Kondo, M. Okamura
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
  • T. Kanesue
    Kyushu University, Department of Applied Quantum Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Fukuoka, Japan
 
  Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
Warm Dense Matter (WDM) is a growing rapidly science field, which is related to planetary science and inertial fusion. It is difficult to expect the behavior because the state with high density and low temperature is completely different from ideal condition. The well-defined WDM generation is required to understand it. Moderate energy ion beam (~ 0.3 MeV/u) slightly above Bragg peak is an advantageous method for WDM because of the uniform energy deposition. Direct Plasma Injection Scheme (DPIS) with a linear accelerator has a potential for the beam parameter. The design of linear accelerator for WDM is presented.
 
 
THP048 Radiation and Thermal Analysis of Production Solenoid for Mu2e Experimental Setup solenoid, neutron, proton, radiation 2208
 
  • V.S. Pronskikh, V. Kashikhin, N.V. Mokhov
    Fermilab, Batavia, USA
 
  The Muon-to-Electron (Mu2e) experiment at Fermilab, will seek the evidence of direct muon to electron conversion that cannot be explained by the Standard Model. An 8 GeV 25 kW proton beam will be directed onto a gold target inside a large-bore superconducting Production Solenoid (PS) with the peak field on the axis of ~5T. The negative muons resulting from the pion decay will be captured in the PS aperture and directed by an S-shaped Transport Solenoid towards the stopping target inside the Detector Solenoid. In order for the superconducting magnets to operate reliably and with a sufficient safety margin, the peak neutron flux entering the coils must be reduced by 3 orders of magnitude that is achieved by means of a sophisticated absorber placed in the magnet aperture. The proposed absorber, consisting of W and Cu parts, is optimized for the performance and cost. Results of MARS15 of energy deposition and radiation analysis are reported. The results of the PS magnet thermal analysis, coordinated with the coil cooling scheme, are reported as well for the selected absorber design.  
 
THP053 The New Approximation of Dose Attenuation Curve in Concrete shielding, neutron, ion, heavy-ion 2217
 
  • M. Petrichenkov, V.Ya. Chudaev
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
 
  The analytical approach in shielding calculations is simple and fast method for quick estimations. But it provides less accuracy than Monte-Carlo one. Often the exponential attenuation of dose in shielding is considered. But also it is necessary to take into account the dose increase in the first layers of shielding due to initial accumulation of neutrons. The new approximation of dose attenuation curve in concrete is offered for quick analytical estimations of shielding of hadron accelerators. It allows to make fast estimation of shielding thickness enough correctly.  
 
THP057 Optimal Focusing for a Linac-Based Hard X-ray Source undulator, electron, focusing, linac 2229
 
  • C. Liu
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
  • G.A. Krafft
    JLAB, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  • R.M. Talman
    CLASSE, Ithaca, New York, USA
 
  Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
In spite of having a small average beam current limit, a linac can have features that make it attractive as an x-ray source: high energy, ultralow emittance and energy spread, and flexible beamline optics. Unlike a storage ring, in which an (undulator) radiation source is necessarily short and positioned at a electron beam waist, in a linac the undulator can be long and the electron beam can be adjusted to have a (virtual) waist far downstream toward the x-ray target. Using a planned CEBAF beamline as an example, this paper shows that a factor of 2000 in beam current can be overcome to produce a monochromatic hard x-ray source comparable with, or even exceeding, the performance of an x-ray line at a third generation storage ring. The optimal electron beam focusing conditions for x-ray flux density and brilliance are derived, and are verified by simulations using the SRW code.
 
 
THP060 RHIC 12x150A Current Lead Temperature Controller: Design and Implementation controls, monitoring, power-supply, cryogenics 2238
 
  • C. Mi, D. Bruno, N.M. Day, A. Di Lieto, G. Ganetis, K. Hamdi, G. Heppner, J.P. Jamilkowski, W. Louie, J. Sandberg, S.K. Seberg, C. Sirio, J.E. Tuozzolo, K.L. Unger
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
 
  Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy
There are 60 12×150A current leads distributed in 6 RHIC service buildings; each current lead delivers power supply current from room temperature to cryogenic temperature in RHIC. Due to the humid environment, condensation frequently occurs and ice was quickly formed during operation, especially during an extensive storage period. This condition generated warnings and alarms that personal had to respond to, in order to provide temporary solutions, to keep the machine operational. A temperature control system was designed to avoid such occasions. We will discuss design, implementation and some results of this design in this paper.
 
 
THP076 Combined Target-collection System for Positron Production in ILC positron, polarization, undulator, electron 2273
 
  • A.A. Mikhailichenko
    CLASSE, Ithaca, New York, USA
 
  Funding: NSF
We describe the positron collection system with Lithium lens, while one of the flanges of this lens made on Tungsten, which serves as a target for the photons radiated in a helical undulator by high-energy ILC beam.
 
 
THP101 The MERLIN Simulation Program: New Features used in Studies of the LHC Collimation System using MERLIN scattering, simulation, proton, collimation 2312
 
  • R.J. Barlow, R. Appleby, J. Molson, H.L. Owen, A.M. Toader
    UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
 
  We present recent developments in the MERLIN particle tracking simulation code, originally developed at DESY. Their use is illustrated by studies of the LHC collimation system. We make detailed comparisons of our results with those of other codes, and also, where possible, with the data. Different beam optics designs are studied, and the effect of new collimator materials for different upgrade scenarios is predicted.  
 
THP110 Front End Energy Deposition and Collimation Studies for IDS-NF proton, shielding, factory, beam-losses 2333
 
  • C.T. Rogers
    STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
  • D.V. Neuffer
    Fermilab, Batavia, USA
  • P. Snopok
    IIT, Chicago, Illinois, USA
 
  Funding: Work supported by DOE, STFC.
The function of the Neutrino Factory front end is to reduce the energy spread and size of the muon beam to a manageable level that will allow reasonable throughput to subsequent system components. Since the Neutrino Factory is a tertiary machine (protons to pions to muons), there is an issue of large background from the pion-producing target. The implications of energy deposition in the front end lattice for the Neutrino Factory are addressed. Several approaches to mitigating the effect are proposed and discussed, including proton absorbers, chicanes, beam collimation, and shielding.
 
 
THP204 Corrections to Quantum Efficiency Predictions for Low Work Function Electron Sources electron, scattering, simulation, vacuum 2504
 
  • K. L. Jensen
    NRL, Washington, DC, USA
  • D.W. Feldman, E.J. Montgomery, P.G. O'Shea
    UMD, College Park, Maryland, USA
  • J.J. Petillo
    SAIC, Billerica, Massachusetts, USA
 
  Funding: Funding by the Joint Technology Office and the Office of Naval Research.
The Three-Step Model of Spicer, or the analogous Moments-based models, can be used to predict photoemission from metals and cesiated metals. In either, it is a convenient approximation to neglect electrons that have undergone scattering. Using Monte Carlo to follow scattered electrons, we assess the utility of the approximation particularly for low work function (cesiated) surfaces.
 
 
FROAN1 The European Spallation Source linac, neutron, proton, cryomodule 2549
 
  • S. Peggs, H. Danared, M. Eshraqi, H. Hahn, A. Jansson, M. Lindroos, A. Ponton, K. Rathsman, G. Trahern
    ESS, Lund, Sweden
  • S. Bousson
    IPN, Orsay, France
  • R. Calaga
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
  • G. Devanz, R.D. Duperrier
    CEA/DSM/IRFU, France
  • J. Eguia
    Fundación TEKNIKER, Eibar (Gipuzkoa), Spain
  • S. Gammino
    INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
  • S.P. Møller
    ISA, Aarhus, Denmark
  • C. Oyon
    SPRI, Bilbao, Spain
  • R.J.M.Y. Ruber
    Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
  • T. Satogata
    JLAB, Newport News, Virginia, USA
 
  The European Spallation Source (ESS) is a 5 MW, 2.5 GeV long pulse proton linac, to be built and commissioned in Lund, Sweden. The Accelerator Design Update (ADU) project phase is under way, to be completed at the end of 2012 by the delivery of a Technical Design Report. Improvements to the 2003 ESS design will be summarised, and the latest design activities will be presented.  
slides icon Slides FROAN1 [1.650 MB]  
 
FROAN2 DIANA, a Next Generation Deep Underground Accelerator Facility ion, background, optics, solenoid 2552
 
  • D. Leitner
    NSCL, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
  • M. Couder, M. Wiescher
    Notre Dame University, Notre Dame, Iowa, USA
  • A. Hodgkinson, A. Lemut, J.S. Saba
    LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
  • M. Leitner
    FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
 
  Funding: This work was supported by the National Science Foundation NSF-09-500 grant (DUSEL S4), Proposal ID 091728
DIANA (Dakota Ion Accelerators for Nuclear Astrophysics) is a next generation nuclear astrophysics accelerator facility proposed to be built as part of the US DUSEL (Deep Underground Science and Engineering Laboratory) project. The scientific goals of DIANA are focused on experiments related to nucleosynthesis processes. Reaction cross-sections at stellar temperature are extremely low, which makes these experiments challenging. Small signal rates are overwhelmed by large background rates associated with cosmic ray-induced reactions, background from natural radioactivity in the laboratory environment, and the beam-induced background on target impurities. By placing the DIANA facility deep underground (1.4 km) the cosmic ray induced background can be eliminated. In addition, the DIANA accelerator is being designed to achieve large laboratory reaction rates by delivering high ion beam currents (up to 100 mA) to a high density super-sonic jet-gas target (up to 1018 atoms/cm2). Two accelerators are coupled to enable measurements over a wide energy range from 30 keV to 3 MeVin a consistent manner. The accelerators design and its technical challenges are presented.
 
slides icon Slides FROAN2 [4.231 MB]  
 
FROBN2 Technical Challenges in Design and Construction of FRIB linac, ion, cryomodule, acceleration 2561
 
  • R.C. York, G. Machicoane
    NSCL, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
  • S. Assadi, G. Bollen, T . Glasmacher, W. Hartung, M.J. Johnson, F. Marti, E. Pozdeyev, M.J. Syphers, E. Tanke, J. Wei, X. Wu, Q. Zhao
    FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
 
  Funding: Work supported by DOE CA DE-SC0000661 and Michigan State University.
The Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) will be a world-leading, DOE national users facility for the study of nuclear structure, reactions and astrophysics on the campus of Michigan State University. A superconducting, heavy-ion, driver linac will be used to provide stable beams of >200 MeV/u at beam powers up to 400 kW (~650 electrical micro-amps for uranium) that will be used to produce rare isotopes by in flight fragment separation. The selected rare isotopes will be used at velocity (~0.5 c), stopped, or reaccelerated. FRIB is a challenging technical project. An overview of the project, project challenges, and mitigating strategies will be presented.
 
slides icon Slides FROBN2 [14.690 MB]  
 
FROBN4 Commissioning of the 20MV Superconducting Linac Upgrade at TRIUMF ISAC, linac, TRIUMF, ion 2570
 
  • M. Marchetto
    TRIUMF, Canada's National Laboratory for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Vancouver, Canada
 
  The Phase II upgrade of the ISAC-II Superconducting Heavy Ion Linac involves the addition of twenty quarter-wave bulk niobium resonators housed in three cryomodules. This addition brings the total installed accelerating voltage from 20MV to 40MV. The cavities are produced in Canadian industry with cavity testing and cryomodule assembly at TRIUMF. The speaker will discuss commissioning of, and operations with, this major upgrade, which commenced in April 2010.  
slides icon Slides FROBN4 [3.990 MB]