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MO3A03 Spaceborne Electron Accelerators linac, cavity, electron, gun 32
 
  • J.W. Lewellen, C.E. Buechler, G.E. Dale, N.A. Moody, D.C. Nguyen
    LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
  
  High-power electron beam generators in space will enable the studies of solar and space physics, specifically the interrogation of magnetic connection between the magnetosphere and ionosphere. This study plans to map the magnetic connection between the magnetosphere and ionosphere, using a satellite equipped with an electron beam accelerator that can create a spot in the ionosphere, observable by optical and radar detectors on the ground. To date, a number of spacecraft carrying low-power, <50-keV DC electron beam sources have been launched to study the upper ionosphere. The overall instrument weight will likely be dominated by the weight of the energy storage, the RF power amplifiers and the accelerator structure. We present the notional concept of a quasi-CW, C-band electron accelerator with 1-MeV beam energy, 10-mA beam current, and requiring 40 kW of prime power during operation. Our novel accelerator concept includes the following features: individually powered cavities driven by 6-GHz high-electron mobility transistors (HEMT), passively cooled accelerator structures with heat pipe technology, and active frequency control for operating over a range of temperatures.  
slides icon Slides MO3A03 [3.191 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2016-MO3A03  
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MOOP07 Development of Ultracold Neutron Accelerator for Time Focusing of Pulsed Neutrons neutron, cavity, focusing, resonance 56
 
  • S. Imajo
    Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
  • T. Ino, K. Mishima
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  • Y. Iwashita
    Kyoto ICR, Uji, Kyoto, Japan
  • M. Kitaguchi, H.M. Shimizu
    Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
  • S. Yamashita
    ICEPP, Tokyo, Japan
  
  Low energy neutron accelerator can be realized by the combination of an adiabatic fast passage spin flipper and a gradient magnetic field. Neutrons have magnetic moments, so that the accumulated potential energies are not cancelled before and after passage of a magnetic field and their kinetic energies change in case their spins are flipped in the field. This accelerator handles lower kinetic energy neutrons than approximately 300 neV. Currently we have developed the advanced version which makes it possible to handle broader kinetic energy range. The design and measured characteristics are described.  
slides icon Slides MOOP07 [1.313 MB]  
poster icon Poster MOOP07 [1.389 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2016-MOOP07  
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MOOP11 Operation of the CEBAF 100 MV Cryomodules cryomodule, cavity, operation, electron 65
 
  • C. Hovater, T.L. Allison, R. Bachimanchi, G.H. Biallas, E. Daly, M.A. Drury, A. Freyberger, R.L. Geng, G.E. Lahti, R.A. Legg, C.I. Mounts, R.M. Nelson, T. E. Plawski, T. Powers
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  
  Funding: Authored by JSA, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract DE-AC05- 06OR23177.
The Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) 12 GeV upgrade reached its design energy in December of 2015. Since then CEBAF has been delivering 12 GeV beam to experimental Hall D and 11 GeV to experimental halls A and B in support of Nuclear physics. To meet this energy goal, ten new 100 MV cryomodules (80 cavities) and RF systems were installed in 2013. The superconducting RF cavities are designed to operate CW at a average accelerating gradient of 19.2 MV/m. To support the higher gradients and higher QL (3.2×107) operations, the RF system uses 13 kW klystrons and digital LLRF to power and control each cavity. This paper reports on the C100 operation and optimization improvements of the RF system and cryomodules. 		 
slides icon Slides MOOP11 [1.574 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2016-MOOP11  
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MOPLR022 Commissioning and First Results from the Fermilab Cryomodule Test Stand cavity, vacuum, cryomodule, radiation 185
 
  • E.R. Harms, M.H. Awida, C.M. Baffes, K. Carlson, S.K. Chandrasekaran, B.E. Chase, E. Cullerton, J.P. Edelen, J. Einstein, C.M. Ginsburg, A. Grassellino, B.J. Hansen, J.P. Holzbauer, S. Kazakov, T.N. Khabiboulline, M.J. Kucera, J.R. Leibfritz, A. Lunin, D. McDowell, M.W. McGee, D.J. Nicklaus, D.F. Orris, J.P. Ozelis, J.F. Patrick, T.B. Petersen, Y.M. Pischalnikov, P.S. Prieto, O.V. Prokofiev, J. Reid, W. Schappert, D.A. Sergatskov, N. Solyak, R.P. Stanek, D. Sun, M.J. White, C. Worel, G. Wu
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  
  Funding: Operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. De-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy.
A new test stand dedicated to SRF cryomodule testing, CMTS1, has been commissioned and is now in operation at Fermilab. The first device to be cooled down and powered in this facility is the prototype 1.3 GHz cryomodule assembled at Fermilab for LCLS-II. We describe the demonstrated capabilities of CMTS1, report on steps taken during commissioning, provide an overview of first test results, and survey future plans. 		 
poster icon Poster MOPLR022 [3.431 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2016-MOPLR022  
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MOPLR026 Material Qualification of LCLS-II Production Niobium Material Including RF and Flux Expulsion Measurements on Single Cell Cavities cavity, niobium, cryomodule, SRF 199
 
  • A.D. Palczewski, F. Marhauser
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  • A. Grassellino, S. Posen
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  
  Funding: Work at JLab is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-06OR23177 and Fermilab is operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. De-AC02-07CH11359.
It has been shown that cooldown details through transition temperature can significantly affect the amount of trapped magnetic flux in SRF cavities, which can lead to performance degradation proportional to the magnitude of the ambient magnetic field.[*] It has also more recently been shown that depending on the exact material properties - even when the material used originated from the same batch from the same vendor - and subsequent heat treatment, the percent of flux trapped during a cool-down could vary widely for identical cool-down parameters.[**] For LCLS-II, two material vendors have produced half of the niobium used for the cavity cells (Tokyo Denkai Co., Ltd. (TD) and Ningxia Orient Tantalum Industry Co., Ltd. (NX)). Both vendors delivered material well within specifications set out by the project (according to ASTM B 393-05), which allows yet some variation of material characteristics such as grain size and defect density. In this contribution, we present RF and magnetic flux expulsion measurements of four single cell cavities made out of two different niobium batches from each of the two LCLS-II material suppliers and draw conclusions on potential correlations of flux expulsion capability with material parameters. We present observations of limited flux expulsion in cavities made from the production material and treated with the baseline LCLS-II recipe.
[*] A. Romanenko et al J. Appl. Phys. 115, 184903 (2014)
[**] S. Posenet et al., Journal of Applied Physics 119, 213903 (2016). 		 
poster icon Poster MOPLR026 [0.861 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2016-MOPLR026  
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MOPLR036 Study on Multilayer Thin Film Coating on Superconducting Cavity cryogenics, operation, electromagnetic-fields, radio-frequency 215
 
  • Y. Iwashita, Y. Fuwa, H. Tongu
    Kyoto ICR, Uji, Kyoto, Japan
  • H. Hayano, T. Kubo, T. Saeki
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  • M. Hino
    Kyoto University, Research Reactor Institute, Osaka, Japan
  • H. Oikawa
    Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, Japan
  
  Funding: This research is supported by following programs: Grant-in-Aid for Exploratory Research 26600142 and Photon and Quantum Basic Research Coordinated Development Program from the MEXT.
Multilayer thin film coating is a promising technology to enhance performance of superconducting cavities. Until recently, principal parameters to achieve the sufficient performance had not been known, such as the thickness of each layer. We proposed a method to deduce a set of the parameters to exhibit a good performances. In order to verify the scheme, we are trying to make some experiments on the subject at Kyoto. The sample preparation and the test setup for the measurement apparatus will be discussed. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2016-MOPLR036  
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MOPLR038 Fabrication of 9 Cell Coupon Cavity for Vertical Electropolishing Test cavity, SRF, cathode, polarization 220
 
  • S. Kato, H. Hayano, H. Inoue, H. Monjushiro, T. Saeki, M. Sawabe
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  • V. Chouhan, Y.I. Ida, K.N. Nii, T.Y. Yamaguchi
    MGH, Hyogo-ken, Japan
  
  We have been using single cell coupon cavities to establish vertical electropolishing (VEP) process for a couple of years. A series of in-situ measurements of an EP current at an individual coupon in a coupon cavity can help determination of appropriate EP conditions. VEPed coupons which are surface analysed with XPS, SEM and the other tools can also bring lot information and expertise to development of VEP cathode and optimization of VEP conditions. This time we fabricated the world first 9-cell coupon cavity where 3 sample coupons at the equators and 6 sample coupons at positions close to the irises can be installed. VEP of this coupon cavity with a newly developed Ninja cathode brought useful information for improvement of the VEP facility and optimization of the VEP conditions.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2016-MOPLR038  
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TU2A03 Resonance Control for Future Linear Accelerators cavity, resonance, SRF, electron 363
 
  • W. Schappert
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  
  Many of the next generation of particle accelerators (LCLS II, PIP II) are designed for relatively low beam loading. Low beam loading requirement means the cavities can operate with narrow bandwidths, minimizing capital and base operational costs of the RF power system. With such narrow bandwidths, however, cavity detuning from microphonics or dynamic Lorentz Force Detuning becomes a significant factor, and in some cases can significantly increase both the acquisition cost and the operational cost of the machine. In addition to the efforts to passive environmental detuning reduction (microphonics) active resonance control for the SRF cavities for next generation linear machine will be required. State of the art in the field of the SRF Cavity active resonance control and the results from the recent efforts at FNAL will be presented in this talk.  
slides icon Slides TU2A03 [0.897 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2016-TU2A03  
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TUPRC024 Design and Implementation of an Automated High-Pressure Water Rinse System for FRIB SRF Cavity Processing cavity, SRF, alignment, operation 468
 
  • I.M. Malloch, E.S. Metzgar, L. Popielarski, S. Stanley
    FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
  
  Funding: This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science under Cooperative Agreement DE SC0000661, the State of Michigan and Michigan State University.
Traditionally, high-pressure water rinse (HPR) systems have consisted of relatively simple pump and rinse wand actuator systems intended to clean superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities during processing prior to test assembly. While these types of systems have proven effective at achieving satisfactory levels of cleanliness, large amounts of operator touch-labor are involved, especially in SRF cavities with complex geometries, where several fixture changes and cavity manipulations may be required. With this labor comes the risk of cavity damage or contamination, and the expense of the operator's time. To reduce this operator intervention and maximize cavity cleanliness and process throughput, a new, fully-automated, robotic HPR system has been commissioned in the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) cavity processing facility. This paper summarizes the design and commissioning process of the HPR system, and demonstrates improvements to the FRIB processing facility through the minimization of cavity contamination risk and reduction of technician labor through system automation. Comparative cavity RF test results are presented to further demonstrate system effectiveness. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2016-TUPRC024  
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TUPLR009 An Iterative Learning Feedforward Controller for the TRIUMF e-linac cavity, beam-loading, linac, TRIUMF 485
 
  • M.P. Laverty, K. Fong
    TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada
  
  In the TRIUMF e-linac design, beam stability to within 0.1% within 10 μs in pulse mode is a design requirement. Traditional feedback control systems cannot respond within this time frame, so some form of feedforward control is needed. Even conventional feedforward may not be sufficient due to differences between the required feedforward signal and the actual beam-loading current. For this reason, an adaptive feedforward system using an iterative learning controller was developed for the e-linac LLRF. It can anticipate repetitive beam disturbance patterns by learning from previous iterations. The design and implementation of such a control algorithm is outlined, some simulation results are presented, and some preliminary test results with an actual cavity are illustrated.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2016-TUPLR009  
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TUPLR027 Magnetic Field Management in LCLS-II 1.3 GHz Cryomodules cavity, cryomodule, vacuum, shielding 527
 
  • S.K. Chandrasekaran, A. Grassellino, C.J. Grimm, G. Wu
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  
  Funding: Operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. De-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy.
The ambient magnetic field at the SRF cavity surface of the LCLS-II 1.3 GHz cryomodules is specified to be less than 0.5 μT (5 mG). Multiple methods were designed to lower the magnetic fields inside the prototype cryomodule. The resulting ambient magnetic field in this cryomodule just prior to its first cool down was <0.15 μT (1.5 mG), as measured using fluxgates inside and outside the cavity helium vessels. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2016-TUPLR027  
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TUPLR029 FRIB HWR Tuner Development cryomodule, cavity, alignment, cryogenics 535
 
  • S. Stark, A. Facco, S.J. Miller, P.N. Ostroumov, J.T. Popielarski, K. Saito, B.P. Tousignant, T. Xu
    FRIB, East Lansing, USA
  • A. Facco
    INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy
  • S.M. Gerbick, M.P. Kelly
    ANL, Argonne, USA
  
  Funding: * This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science under Cooperative Agreement DE-SC0000661, the State of Michigan and Michigan State University
During the last two years the HWR pneumatic tuner development at FRIB evolved from the first prototypes to the final production design. A lot of warm testing and several cryogenic integrated tests with cavity were performed to optimize the tuner features. The main challenges included the bellow bushings binding and very tight space limitations for the assembly on the rail. The final design, based on the acquired experience, was prepared in collaboration with ANL and entered the preproduction phase. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2016-TUPLR029  
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TUPLR040 The RF System of Thomx cavity, HOM, feedback, storage-ring 551
 
  • M. El Khaldi, R. Marie, H. Monard, F. Wicek
    LAL, Orsay, France
  • M. Diop, L.R. Lopes, A. Loulergue, M. Louvet, P. Marchand, F. Ribeiro, R. Sreedharan
    SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
  
  The RF system of the ThomX electron storage ring consists in a 500 MHz single cell copper cavity of the ELETTRA type, powered with a 50 kW CW solid state power amplifier (SSPA), and the associated Low Level RF feedback and control loops. The low operating energy of 50/70 MeV makes the impedances of the cavity higher order modes (HOMs) particularly critical for the beam stability. Their parasitic effects on the beam can be cured by HOM frequency shifting techniques, based on a fine temperature tuning and a dedicated plunger. A typical cavity temperature stability of ± 0.05°C within a range from 30 up to 70 °C can be achieved by a precise control of its water cooling temperature. On the other hand, the tuning of the cavity fundamental mode is achieved by changing its axial length by means of a motor-driven mechanism. A general description of the system and the state of its progress are reported together with some considerations of the effects of beam cavity interactions.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2016-TUPLR040  
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TUPLR041 Manufacturing, Assembly and Tests of the LIPAc Medium Energy Beam Transport Line (MEBT) vacuum, SRF, linac, beam-transport 554
 
  • I. Podadera, P. Abramian, B. Brañas, J. Calero, J. Castellanos, J.M. García, D. Gavela, A. Guirao, J.L. Gutiérrez, D. Jiménez-Rey, M. Lafoz, D. López, L.M. Martínez, E. Molina Marinas, J. Mollá, C. Oliver, A. Soleto, F. Toral, R. Varela, V. Villamayor
    CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain
  • J. Castellanos
    UNED, Madrid, Spain
  • O. Nomen
    IREC, Sant Adria del Besos, Spain
  
  Funding: This work has been funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness under the Agreement as published in BOE, 16/01/2013, page 1988 and the project FIS2013-40860-R.
LIPAc* will be a 9 MeV, 125 mA CW deuteron accelerator which aims to validate the technology that will be used in the future IFMIF-DONES accelerator**. The acceleration of the beam will be carried out in two stages. An RFQ will increase the energy up to 5 MeV before a Superconducting RF (SRF) linac made of a chain of eight Half Wave Resonators bring the particles to the final energy. Between both stages, a Medium Energy Beam Transport line (MEBT)*** is in charge of transporting and matching the beam between the RFQ and the SRF. The transverse focusing of the beam is controlled by five quadrupole magnets with integrated steerers, grouped in one triplet and one doublet. Two buncher cavities surrounding the doublet handle the longitudinal dynamics. Two movable collimators are also included to purify the beam optics coming out the RFQ and avoid losses in the SRF. In this contribution, the final integrated design of the beamline will be shown, together with the auxiliaries. The manufacturing of all the components and the integration in the beamline will be depicted. The final tests carried out to the beamline prior to the installation in the accelerator will be also reported.
* P. Cara et al., IPAC16, to be published, Busan, Korea (2016).
** A. Ibarra et al., Fus. Sci. Tech., 66, 1, p. 252-259 (2014).
*** I. Podadera et al., IPAC11, San Sebastian, Spain (2011). 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2016-TUPLR041  
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TUPLR046 Design, Fabrication, Installation and Operation of New 201 MHz RF Systems at LANSCE DTL, linac, cavity, feedback 564
 
  • J.T.M. Lyles, W.C. Barkley, R.E. Bratton, M.S. Prokop, D. Rees
    LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by the United States Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Agency, under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396.
The LANSCE RM project has restored the proton linac to high power capability after the RF power tube manufacturer could no longer provide devices that consistently met the high average power requirement. Diacrodes® now supply RF power to three of the four DTL tanks. These tetrodes reuse the existing infrastructure including water-cooling systems, coaxial transmission lines, high voltage power supplies and capacitor banks. Each final power amplifier system uses a combined pair of LANL-designed cavity amplifiers using the TH628L Diacrode® to produce up to 3.5 MW peak and 420 kW of mean power. A new intermediate power amplifier was developed using a TH781 tetrode. These amplifiers are the first production of new high power 200 MHz RF sources at accelerators in three decades. Design and prototype testing of the high power stages was completed in 2012, with commercialization following in 2013. Each installation was accomplished during a 4 to 5 month beam outage each year staring in 2014. Simultaneously, a new digital low-level RF control system was designed and tested, and placed into operation this year, meeting the stringent field control requirements for the linac. The rapid-paced installation project changed over from old to new RF systems while minimizing beam downtime to the user facility schedule. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2016-TUPLR046  
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TUPLR047 Commissioning of XBox-3: A Very High Capacity X-band Test Stand klystron, LLRF, detector, FPGA 568
 
  • N. Catalán Lasheras, C.F. Eymin, J. Giner Navarro, G. McMonagle, S.F. Rey, A. Solodko, I. Syratchev, B.J. Woolley, W. Wuensch
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  • T. Argyropoulos, D. Esperante Pereira
    IFIC, Valencia, Spain
  • M. Volpi
    The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
  
  The Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) beam-based acceleration baseline uses high-gradient travelling wave accelerating structures at a frequency of 12 GHz. In order to prove the performance of these structures at high peak power and short pulse width RF, two klystron-based test facilities have been put in operation in the last years. The third X-band testing facility at CERN (Xbox3) has recently been commissioned and has tripled the number of testing slots available. Xbox3 uses a novel way of combining relatively low peak power (6 MW) but high average power klystron units whose power is steered to feed four testing slots with RF to the required power with a repetition rate of up to 400 Hz. Besides the repetition rate, peak power, pulse length and pulse shape can be customized to fit the test requirements. This novel way of combining pulsed RF high power can eventually be used for many other applications where multiple test slots are required.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2016-TUPLR047  
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TUPLR073 Development of RAON QWR Cryomodule for Linac Demonstration cryomodule, linac, cavity, PLC 622
 
  • H. Kim, J.W. Choi, Y.W. Jo, Y. Jung, W.K. Kim, Y. Kim, M. Lee
    IBS, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
  
  Quarter-wave resonator (QWR) cryomodule is developed for linac demonstraction. The plan and layout of the linac demonstration are shown. 3D drawing and P&ID are shown for the quarter-wave resonator (QWR) cryomodule. The QWR cryomodule consists of cavity, coupler, tuner, liquid helium reservoir, thermal shield and magnetic shield. PLC rack is fabricated to control the QWR cryomodules. The PLC controls and monitors pumps, heaters, cryogenic valves, solenoid valves, gate valves and temperature sensors.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2016-TUPLR073  
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WE1A02 Assembly of XFEL Cryomodules: Lessons and Results cavity, cryomodule, vacuum, HOM 646
 
  • S. Berry, O. Napoly
    CEA/DSM/IRFU, France
  
  The industrialized string and module assembly of 103 European XFEL cryomodules has been performed at CEA-Saclay between September 2012 and the spring of 2016. The general features and achievements of this construction project will be reviewed, including lessons learned regarding organization, industrial transfer, quality control and assembly procedures. An overview of the cryomodule performance and RF test results will be presented.  
slides icon Slides WE1A02 [7.300 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2016-WE1A02  
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WE1A04 Performance Analysis of the European XFEL SRF Cavities, From Vertical Test to Operation in Modules cryomodule, cavity, linac, SRF 657
 
  • N. Walker, D. Reschke, J. Schaffran, L. Steder, M. Wenskat
    DESY, Hamburg, Germany
  • L. Monaco
    INFN/LASA, Segrate (MI), Italy
  
  More than 800 resonators have been fabricated, vertically qualified and operated in module tests before the accelerating module installation in the linac, which will be completed before the conference. An analysis of this experience, with correlation of the final cavity performances with production, preparation and assembly stages, is underway and at the time of the conference a summary of the activities will be available.  
slides icon Slides WE1A04 [3.436 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2016-WE1A04  
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TH1A05 Towards Commissioning of the IFMIF RFQ rfq, linac, vacuum, impedance 698
 
  • A. Pisent
    INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy
  
  All 18 sections of the IFMIF RFQ were completed in summer 2015. A 2 m section (the last three modules and one prototype used as RF termination) were RF tested at LNL at the design value of 90 kW/m in cw conditions. The three 3.3 m long supermodules were sent to Japan in January 2016. The RFQ was installed and tuned with fixed tuners to the nominal field frequency and field distribution. The very high design shunt impedance was achieved.  
slides icon Slides TH1A05 [23.395 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2016-TH1A05  
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THOP06 Novel Scheme to Tune RF Cavities Using Reflected Power cavity, resonance, DTL, TRIUMF 757
 
  • R. Leewe, K. Fong, Z. Shahriari
    TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada
  • M. Moallem
    SFU, Surrey, Canada
  
  Tuning of the natural resonance frequency of an RF cavity is essential for accelerator structures to achieve efficient beam acceleration and to reduce power requirements. Typically operational cavities are tuned using phase comparison techniques. The phase measurement is subject to temperature drifts and renders this technique labor and time intensive. To eliminate the phase measurement, reduce human oversight and speed up the start-up time for each cavity, this paper presents a control scheme that relies solely on the reflected power measurements. A sliding mode extremum seeking algorithm is used to minimize the reflected power. To avoid tuning motor abrasion, a variable gain minimizes motor movement around the optimum operating point. The system has been tested and is fully commissioned on two drift tube linear accelerator tanks in TRIUMF's ISAC I linear accelerator. Experimental results show that the resonance frequency can be tuned to its optimum operating point while the start-up time of a single cavity and the accompanied human oversight are significantly decreased.  
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DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2016-THOP06  
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THOP10 Design and Commissioning of FRIB Multipacting-Free Fundamental Power Coupler electron, cavity, cryomodule, impedance 767
 
  • Z. Zheng, J.T. Popielarski, K. Saito, S. Stark, T. Xu, Y. Yamazaki
    FRIB, East Lansing, USA
  
  Funding: *Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science under Cooperative Agreement DE-SC0000661
The original Fundamental Power Coupler (FPC) of Half-Wave Resonator (HWR) for the Facility of Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) requires multipacting conditioning at operating RF power which is up to 5 kW Continue Wave (CW). Conditioning takes a lot of time and RF power, and its elimination is highly desirable. To significantly shorten the RF conditioning, we developed a multipacting-free coupler design. This paper reports the latest progress in the optimization and prototype tests of multipacting-free coupler. The choke structure is removed and coupler geometry is further modified to protect the coupler RF window from the electron bombardment. The comparison result of multipacting-free coupler with original coupler was performed on automatic conditioning system, which showed significantly time reducing for RF conditioning. 		 
slides icon Slides THOP10 [2.442 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2016-THOP10  
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THPRC009 IF-Mixture Performance During Cavity Conditioning at STF-KEK cavity, LLRF, feedback, flattop 785
 
  • S.B. Wibowo
    Sokendai, Ibaraki, Japan
  • T. Matsumoto, S. Michizono, T. Miura, F. Qiu
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  
  The Superconducting rf Test Facility (STF) at High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) was built for research and development of the International Linear Collider (ILC). In order to satisfy the stability requirement of the accelerating field, a digital low-level RF (LLRF) control system is employed. In this control system, signal from a cavity is down-converted into intermediate frequency (IF) signal before being digitized by analog-to-digital converter (ADC). In order to reduce the required number of ADCs, we proposed a technique that combines several IFs and to be read by a single ADC. Signal reconstruction of each IF is performed by digital signal processing. The performance of this technique, which is named IF-mixture, is reported in this paper.  
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DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2016-THPRC009  
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THPRC011 Single LLRF for Multi-Harmonic Buncher LLRF, pick-up, experiment, radio-frequency 789
 
  • N.R. Usher, D.M. Alt, J.F. Brandon, D.G. Morris, S. Zhao
    FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
  • D.M. Alt
    NSCL, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by Michigan State University, National Science Foundation: NSF Award Number PHY-1102511.
In this paper, a unique low level radio frequency (LLRF) controller designed for a multi-harmonic buncher (MHB) is presented. Different than conventional designs, the single LLRF output contains three RF frequencies (f1, f2 = 2*f1, f3 = 3*f1) and is fed to a wide band amplifier driving the MHB. The challenge is while driving f1, due to the non-linearity of the amplifier, the f2 and f3 terms will also be generated and will couple into the control of these two modes. Hence an active cancellation algorithm is used to suppress the nonlinear effect of the amplifier. It is demonstrated in a test that the designed LLRF is able to control the amplitude and phase of the three modes in-dependently. 		 
poster icon Poster THPRC011 [1.944 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2016-THPRC011  
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THPRC012 Resonance Control System for the CEBAF Separator Upgrade cavity, resonance, LLRF, extraction 792
 
  • T. E. Plawski, R. Bachimanchi, B. Bevins, L. Farrish, C. Hovater, G.E. Lahti, M.J. Wissmann
    JLab, Newport News, Virgina, USA
  
  Funding: Authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177.
The Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) energy upgrade from 6 GeV to 12 GeV includes the installation of four new 748.5 MHz normal conducting deflecting cavities in the 5th pass extraction region. The RF system employs two digital LLRF systems controlling four normal conducting cavities in a vector sum setting. Cavity tune information of the individual cavities is obtained using a multiplexing scheme of the forward and reflected RF signals. Water skids equipped with heaters and valves are used to control resonance. A new FPGA-based hardware and EPICS-based predictive control algorithm has been developed to support reliable operation of the beam extraction process. This paper presents the architecture design of the existing hardware and software as well as a plan to develop a model predictive control system. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2016-THPRC012  
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THPLR020 Status and Progress of FRIB High Level Controls database, linac, ion, status 885
 
  • G. Shen, E.T. Berryman, D. Chabot, M.A. Davidsaver, K. Fukushima, Z.Q. He, M. Ikegami, M.G. Konrad, D. Liu, D.G. Maxwell, V. Vuppala
    FRIB, East Lansing, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science under Cooperative Agreement DE-SC0000661
FRIB, which is a new heavy ion accelerator facility to provide intense beams of rare isotopes, is currently under construction at Michigan State University. Its driver linac accelerates all stable ions up to uranium, and targets to provides a CW beam with the energy of 200 MeV/u and the beam power of 400 kW. The beam commissioning of the its Front-End has been planned to start from Middle of 2016. The high level controls for incoming commissioning is under active development and deployment. The latest status progress will be presented in this paper. 		 
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DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2016-THPLR020  
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THPLR024 SPIRAL2 Project: Integration of the Accelerator Processes, Construction of the Buildings and Process Connections linac, ion, rfq, neutron 894
 
  • P. Anger, P. Bisson, O. Danna, X. Hulin, J.-M. Lagniel, S. Montaigne, F. Perocheau, E. Petit, L. Roupsard
    GANIL, Caen, France
  
  The GANIL SPIRAL 2 Project is based on the construction of a superconducting ion CW LINAC (up to 5 mA - 40 MeV deuteron and 33 MeV proton beams, up to 1 mA - 14.5 MeV/u heavy ion beams) with two experimental areas named S3 ('Super Separator Spectrometer' for very heavy and super heavy element production) and NFS ('Neutron For Science'), The building studies as well as the accelerator and experimental equipment integration started in 2009. The ground breaking started at the end of 2010. The integration task of the different equipments into the buildings is managed by a trade-oriented integration unit gathering the accelerator integration team, the building prime contractor and a dedicated contracting assistant. All work packages are synthesized at the same time using 3D models. 3D tools are used to carry out integration, synthesis, process connections and the preparation of the future assembly. Since 2014, the buildings and process connections are received and the accelerator installation is well advanced. This contribution will describe these 3D tools, the building construction, the process connection status and our experience feedback.  
poster icon Poster THPLR024 [3.620 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2016-THPLR024  
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THPLR025 Modernisation of the 108 MHz RF Systems at the GSI UNILAC cavity, operation, PLC, LLRF 898
 
  • B. Schlitt, G. Eichler, S. Hermann, M. Hoerr, M. Mueh, S. Petit, A. Schnase, G. Schreiber, W. Vinzenz, J. Zappai
    GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
  
  A substantial modernisation of the RF systems at the 108 MHz Alvarez type post-stripper section of the GSI heavy ion linac UNILAC was launched in 2014 to prepare the existing facility for the future FAIR operation. A new 1.8 MW RF cavity amplifier prototype for low duty-cycle operation (2 ms pulse length at 10 Hz repetition rate) based on the widely-used tetrode TH558SC was designed and built by THALES and is under commissioning. A call for tenders was started for a 150 kW solid state driver amplifier. An RF test bench for the amplifier prototypes is in preparation at GSI including new control racks, commercial grid power supplies, and a modern PLC system for amplifier control. The existing powerful 1 MVA anode power supplies will be reused and are also being equipped with new PLC systems. The development of a digital low-level RF system based on the MTCA.4 standard and commercial vector modulator and FPGA boards was started. Status and details of the modernisation as well as first commissioning results of the new high power amplifier prototype will be reported.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2016-THPLR025  
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THPLR041 650 MHz Elliptical Superconducting RF Cavities for PIP-II Project cavity, linac, cryomodule, beam-transport 943
 
  • I.V. Gonin, E. Borissov, A. Grassellino, C.J. Grimm, V. Jain, S. Kazakov, V.A. Lebedev, A. Lunin, C.S. Mishra, D.V. Mitchell, T.H. Nicol, Y.M. Pischalnikov, G.V. Romanov, A.M. Rowe, N.K. Sharma, N. Solyak, V.P. Yakovlev
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  
  The PIP-II 800 MeV linac employs 650 MHz elliptical 5-cell CW-capable cavities to accelerate up to 2 mA peak beam current of H− in the energy range 185 - 800 MeV. The low beta (LB) βG = 0.61 portion should accelerate from 185 MeV-500 MeV using 33 LB dressed cavities in 11 cryomodules. The high beta (HB) βG = 0.92 portion of the linac should accelerate from 500 to 800 MeV using 24 HB dressed cavities in 4 cryomodules. The development of both LB and HB cavities is going on under IIFC collaboration. The development of LB cavity initiated at VECC Kolkatta and HB cavity is going at RRCAT, Indore. This paper present design methodology adopted starting from RF design to get mechanical dimensions of the RF cells and then explains dressing of the cavity for both low beta and high beta cavities. Further the tuner design and its integration to the dressed cavity is discussed. Paper also explains the salient design features of these dressed cavities.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2016-THPLR041  
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THPLR043 EPICS IOC Prototype of FRIB Machine Protection System status, interface, FPGA, hardware 949
 
  • L. Wang, M. Ikegami, Z. Li, G. Shen, S. Zhao
    FRIB, East Lansing, USA
  • M.A. Davis
    NSCL, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science under Cooperative Agreement DE-SC0000661
The FRIB Machine Protection System (MPS) is designed to protect accelerator components from damage by the beam in case of operating failure. MPS includes master and slave nodes, which are controlled by MPS IOC. In this paper, we present design of MPS IOC and status of its prototyping. 		 
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DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2016-THPLR043  
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THPLR044 First Performance Test on the Superconducting 217 MHz CH Cavity at 4.2 K cavity, linac, operation, low-level-rf 953
 
  • F.D. Dziuba, M. Amberg, M. Basten, M. Busch, H. Podlech
    IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
  • W.A. Barth, M. Miski-Oglu
    GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
  • W.A. Barth, M. Miski-Oglu
    HIM, Mainz, Germany
  
  Funding: HIM, GSI, BMBF Contr. No. 05P15RFRBA, EU Project MYRTE
At the Institute for Applied Physics (IAP) of Frankfurt University a superconducting (sc) 217 MHz Crossbar-H-mode (CH) cavity with 15 accelerating cells and a gradient of 5.5 MV/m has been designed. The cavity is the key component of the demonstrator project at GSI which is the first stage to a new sc continuous wave (cw) linac for the production of Super Heavy Element (SHE) in the future. A successful and reliable beam operation of this first prototype will be a milestone on the way to the proposed linac. After fabrication at Research Instruments (RI) GmbH, Germany, the cavity without helium vessel has been commissioned at the new cryogenic test facility of the IAP with low level rf power at 4 K. The results of this first cold test will be presented in this contribution. 		 
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THPLR045 Operation Mode and Machine State Control for FRIB Driver Linac Operation operation, linac, ion, heavy-ion 956
 
  • M. Ikegami, D. Dudley, M.G. Konrad, Z. Li, G. Shen, V. Vuppala
    FRIB, East Lansing, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science under Cooperative Agreement DE-SC0000661
FRIB is a heavy ion linac facility to accelerate all stable ions up to 200 MeV/u with the beam power of 400 kW under construction at Michigan State University. It is required for FRIB driver linac to support various modes of operation with different ion species, charge states, beam energy and so on to meet requirements from experiments. In this paper, we describe overall design of operation modes, machine states, and software to manage transitions of those mitigating the risk of machine damage in FRIB. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2016-THPLR045  
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THPLR047 The Beam Energy Feedback System in Beijing Electron Positron Collider II Linear Accelerator injection, feedback, electron, positron 962
 
  • S.Z. Wang, Y.L. Chi, X. Huang
    IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
  
  The beam energy feedback system in Beijing electron positron collider II (BEPCII) linear accelerator consists of three parts. They are the beam energy measurement In-put/Output Controller (BEM IOC), the Graphical User Interface (GUI) based on Qt platform and the phasing system. This article describes the implementation of this system and the online testing which has been passed on March 16th, 2016. By using this feedback system, the injection rate and the energy fluctuation of the injection beam has been improved a lot. Now this system is steady running in the control room of BEPCII linear accelerator.  
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DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2016-THPLR047  
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THPLR048 Development of a Digital LLRF Control System at LNL FPGA, cavity, LLRF, radio-frequency 966
 
  • S. Pavinato, M. Betti, D. Bortolato, F. Gelain, D. Marcato, D. Pedretti
    INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy
  • M.A. Bellato, R. Isocrate
    INFN- Sez. di Padova, Padova, Italy
  • M. Bertocco
    UNIPD, Padova (PD), Italy
  
  The new Low-Level Radio Frequency (LLRF) control system for linear accelerator at Legnaro National Laboratories (LNL) of INFN is presently being commissioned. A digital Radio Frequency (RF) controller was implemented. Its goal is to stabilize the amplitude, the phase and the frequency of the superconducting cavities of the Linac. The resonance frequency of the low beta cavities is 80 MHz, while medium and high beta cavities resonate at 160 MHz. Each RF controller controls at the same time eight different cavities. The hardware complexity of the RF controller (RF IOC) is reduced by adopting direct RF sampling and the RF to baseband conversion method. The main hardware components are RF ADCs for the direct undersampling of the signals picked up from cavities, a Xilinx Kintek 7 FPGA for the signal processing and DACs for driving the power amplifiers and hence the cavities. In the RF IOC the serial communication between FPGA and ADCs and between FPGA and DACs is based on JESD204b standard. An RF front-end board (RFFE) is placed between cavities and the RF IOC. This is used to adapt the power level of the RF signal from the cavities to the ADCs and from the DACs to the power amplifiers. This paper addresses the LLRF control system focusing on the hardware design of the RF IOC and RFFE boards and on the first test results carried out with the new controller.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2016-THPLR048  
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THPLR050 IFMIF RFQ Module Characterization via Mechanical and RF Measurements rfq, cavity, alignment, linac 972
 
  • L. Ferrari, A. Palmieri, A. Pisent
    INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy
  • R. Dima, A. Pepato, A. Prevedello, E. Udup
    INFN- Sez. di Padova, Padova, Italy
  
  The RFQ of the IFMIF/EVEDA project is a 9.9 m long cavity able to accelerate a 130 mA deuteron beam from the input energy of 100 keV to the output energy of 5 MeV. Such RFQ operates at the frequency of 175 MHz and is composed of 18 mechanical modules approximately 0.55 m long each. The RFQ realization involves the I.N.F.N. Sections of Padova, Torino and Bologna, as well as the Legnaro National Laboratories (L.N.L.). The metrological measurements via CMM (Coordinate Measuring Machine) provided to be a very effective tool both for quality controls along the RFQ production phases and in the reconstruction of the cavity geometric profile for each RFQ module. The scans in the most sensitive regions with respect to RF frequency, such as modulation, tips, base-vane width and vessel height provided the values of the cavity deviations from nominal geometry to be compared with design physic-driven tolerances and with RF measurements. Moreover, the comparison between mechanical and RF measurements suggests a methodology for the geometric reconstruction of the cavity axis and determines the final machining of the end surfaces of each module in view of the coupling with the adjacent ones. In this paper a description of the meteorological procedures and tests and of the RFQ along its production and assembly phases will be described.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2016-THPLR050  
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THPLR051 High-Power RF Test of IFMIF-EVEDA RFQ at INFN-LNL rfq, cavity, operation, vacuum 975
 
  • E. Fagotti, L. Antoniazzi, M.G. Giacchini, F. Grespan, M. Montis, A. Palmieri
    INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy
  
  A partial test at full power and CW duty cycle will be performed at INFN-LNL on the last elements of the IFMIF RFQ, approximately two meters of structure, using a specific electromagnetic boundary element on the low energy end. The aim is to reach, in the RFQ coupled with its power coupler system, after an adequate period of conditioning, cw operation at nominal field level (132 kV between electrodes) for at least two hours without breakdown. The description of the experimental setup and procedure, as well as the main results of the conditioning procedure will be reported in this paper.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2016-THPLR051  
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THPLR065 Beam Commissioning Status and Results of the FNAL PIP2IT Linear Accelerator RFQ rfq, experiment, proton, operation 1002
 
  • J. Steimel, C.M. Baffes, P. Berrutti, J.-P. Carneiro, J.P. Edelen, T.N. Khabiboulline, L.R. Prost, V.E. Scarpine, A.V. Shemyakin
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  • A.L. Edelen
    CSU, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
  • M.D. Hoff, A.R. Lambert, D. Li, T.H. Luo, J.W. Staples, S.P. Virostek
    LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
  • V.L. Sista
    BARC, Mumbai, India
  
  Funding: Operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. De-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy.
An H− beam was accelerated through a continuous wave (CW) capable, 4-vane, radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ) at Fermilab that was designed and constructed at Berkeley Lab. This RFQ is designed to accelerate up to 10 mA H− beam from 30 keV to 2.1 MeV in a test accelerator (PIP2IT). This paper presents results of specification verification and commissioning. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2016-THPLR065  
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