Keyword: linac
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MOAL02 Diagnostics at the Max IV 3 GeV Storage Ring During Commissioning emittance, diagnostics, storage-ring, dipole 1
 
  • Å. Andersson, J. Breunlin, B.N. Jensen, R. Lindvall, E. Mansten, D. Olsson, J. Sundberg, P.F. Tavares, S. Thorin
    MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
  
  The MAX IV 3 GeV storage ring based on a multibend achromat lattice allowing for horizontal emittances from 330 pm rad down to 180 pm rad, depending on the number of insertion devices. The diagnostics used during commissioning will be described, with emphasis on the emittance diagnostics This will involve two diagnostic beam lines to image the electron beam with infrared and ultraviolet synchrotron radiation from bending dipoles, in order to determine also beam energy spread. The scheme for horizontal emittance measurements looks promising also for an order of magnitude lower emittance. Bunch lengthening with harmonic cavities is essential for the low emittance machine performance. We have used a radiation based sampling technique to verify individual bunch distributions.  
slides icon Slides MOAL02 [2.820 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2016-MOAL02  
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MOPG28 The Brookhaven Linac Isotope Production (BLIP) Facility Raster Scanning System First Year Operation with Beam target, instrumentation, laser, isotope-production 105
 
  • R.J. Michnoff, Z. Altinbas, P. Cerniglia, R. Connolly, C. Cullen, C. Degen, R.L. Hulsart, R.F. Lambiase, L.F. Mausner, W.E. Pekrul, D. Raparia, P. Thieberger
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Dept. of Energy
Brookhaven National Laboratory's BLIP facility produces radioisotopes for the nuclear medicine community and industry, and performs research to develop new radioisotopes desired by nuclear medicine investigators. A raster scanning system was recently completed in December 2015 and fully commissioned in January 2016 to provide improved beam distribution on the targets, allow higher beam intensities, and ultimately increase production yield of the isotopes. The project included the installation of horizontal and vertical dipole magnets driven at 5 kHz with 90 deg phase separation to produce a circular beam raster pattern, a beam interlock system, and several instrumentation devices including multi-wire profile monitors, a laser profile monitor, beam current transformers and a beam position monitor. The first year operational experiences will be presented. 		 
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DOI • reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2016-MOPG28  
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MOPG32 Beam Diagnostics for the Multi-MW Hadron Linac IFMIF/DONES diagnostics, target, beam-diagnostic, SRF 111
 
  • I. Podadera, B. Brañas, A. Guirao, A. Ibarra, D. Jiménez-Rey, E. Molina Marinas, J. Mollá, C. Oliver, R. Varela
    CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain
  • P. Cara
    Fusion for Energy, Garching, Germany
  
  Funding: This work has been carried out within the framework of the EUROfusion Consortium and has received funding from the Euratom research and training programme 2014-2018 under grant agreement No 633053
In the frame of the material research for future fusion reactors, the construction of a simplified facility of IFMIF*, the so-called IFMIF/DONES** (Demo-Oriented Neutron Early Source), to generate sufficient material damage for the new design of DEMO . DONES will be a 40 MeV, 125 mA deuteron accelerator. The 5 MW beam will impact in a lithium flow target to yield a neutron source The detailed design of the DONES accelerator is being designed within EUROFUSION-WPENS project. One of the most critical tasks of the accelerator will be to identify the layout of beam diagnostics along the accelerator. This instrumentation must guarantee the high availability of the whole accelerator system and the beam characteristics and machine protection. This contribution will describe the beam diagnostics selected along the accelerator, focusing in the High Energy Beam Transport line, in charge of shaping the beam down to the high power target. The main open questions will be analyzed and the path to obtain the detailed design by the end of the project detailed.
*, IFMIF Intermediate Engineering Design Report
**, DONES Conceptual Design Report, April 2014
 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2016-MOPG32  
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MOPG38 Characterization and Simulations of Electron Beams Produced From Linac-Based Intense THz Radiation Source electron, gun, cathode, radiation 131
 
  • N. Chaisueb, S. Rimjaem, J. Saisut
    Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
  • N. Kangrang
    Chiang Mai University, PBP Research Facility, Chiang Mai, Thailand
  
  Electron beams with a maximum energy of 2.5 MeV and a macropulse current of 1 A are produced from a thermionic RF-gun of the linear accelerator system at Chiang Mai University, Thailand. An RF rectangular waveguide and a side coupling cavity of the RF gun introduce asymmetric field distribution inside the gun cavities. To investigate the effect of the asymmetric field distribution on electron beam production and acceleration, measurements and simulations of the electron beam properties were performed. In this study we use well calibrated current transformers, alpha magnet energy slits, and a Michelson interferometer to measure the electron pulse current, the beam energy, and the bunch length, respectively. This paper presents the measurement data of the electron beam properties at various location along the beam transport line and compares the results with the beam dynamic simulations by using the particle tracking program ELEGANT. Moreover, the RF field feature and the cathode power were optimized in order to achieve the high qualities of the electron beam produced from the RF gun. This result implies and correlates to the electron back-bombardment effect inside the gun cavities.
* This work has been supported by the Thailand Center of Excellence in Physics, Faculty of science, Chiang Mai University, and the Science Achievement Scholarship of Thailand (SAST). 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2016-MOPG38  
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MOPG43 Beam Tuning for Longitudinal Profile at J-PARC Linac emittance, resonance, quadrupole, DTL 150
 
  • A. Miura
    JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan
  • Y. Liu, T. Maruta
    KEK/JAEA, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan
  • T. Miyao
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  
  Using bunch shape monitors (BSMs), we measured the longitudinal bunch lengths of negative hydrogen ion beams in the J-PARC linac. A BSM was installed between two linacs, separate-type drift tube linac (SDTL) and an annular-ring-coupled structure linac (ACS), having acceleration frequencies of 324 and 972 MHz, respectively. We used radio-frequency amplitude modulation of bunches in the beam transport between the SDTL and ACS to minimize emittance growth and beam loss. We conducted amplitude scanning and compared the results with the twiss-parameters obtained from the transverse profiles. In this paper, we discuss the results of amplitude tuning of the buncher cavity at the point of beam loss and emittance. We also discuss the measurement results for various equipartitioning settings of quadrupole magnets.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2016-MOPG43  
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MOPG56 Development of Accelerator System and Beam Diagnostic Instruments for Natural Rubber and Polymer Research electron, diagnostics, beam-diagnostic, accelerating-gradient 190
 
  • E. Kongmon, N. Kangrang, S. Rimjaem, J. Saisut, C. Thongbai
    Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
  • M.W. Rhodes
    ThEP Center, Commission on Higher Education, Bangkok, Thailand
  • P. Wichaisirimongkol
    Chiang Mai University, Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai, Thailand
  
  This research aims to design and develop an elec-tron linear accelerator system and beam diagnostic instruments for natural rubber and polymer research at the Plasma and Beam Physics Research Facility, Chiang Mai University, Thailand. The accelerator con-sists of a DC thermionic electron gun and an S-band standing-wave linac. The system can produce electron beams with the energy range of 0.5 to 4 MeV for the pulse repetition rate of 30 to 200 Hz and the pulse duration of 4 μs. Commissioning of the accelerator system and development of beam diagnostic instru-ments to measure electron beam energy, electron pulse current and electron dose are underway. This contribu-tion presents and discusses on the RF commissioning progress as well as status of design and construction of the beam diagnostic system.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2016-MOPG56  
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TUPG04 CERN PS Booster Transverse Damper: 10 kHz - 200 MHz Radiation Tolerant Amplifier for Capacitive PU Signal Conditioning impedance, radiation, pick-up, electronics 315
 
  • A. Meoli, A. Blas, R. Louwerse
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  After connection to the LINAC4, the beam intensity in the PSBooster is expected to double and thus, an upgrade of the head electronics of the transverse feedback BPM is necessary. In order to cover the beam spectrum for an effective transverse damping, the pickup (PU) signal should have a large bandwidth on both the low and high frequency sides. Furthermore, in order to extend the natural low frequency cut-off from 6MHz (50' load) down to the required 10kHz, with no modification of the existing PUs, a high impedance signal treatment is required. The electronic parts should withstand the radiation dose received during at least a year of service. This constraint implies the installation of the amplifier at a remote location. A solution was found inspired by the technique of oscilloscopes' high impedance probes that mitigates the effect of transmission line mismatch using a lossy coaxial cable with an appropriate passive circuitry. A new large bandwidth, radiation tolerant amplifier has been designed. The system requirements, the analysis, the measurements with the present PUs, the design of the amplifier and the experimental results are described in this contribution.  
poster icon Poster TUPG04 [1.030 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2016-TUPG04  
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TUPG05 Simulation of Bunch Length and Velocity Dependence of Button BPMs for Linacs Using CST Particle Studio® pick-up, simulation, wakefield, proton 319
 
  • M.H. Almalki
    KACST, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
  • P. Forck, T. Sieber, R. Singh
    GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
  
  At non-relativistic velocities at a proton LINAC, the electromagnetic field generated by the beam has a significant longitudinal component, and thus the time evolution of the signal coupled to the BPM electrodes depends on bunch length and beam velocity. Extensive simulations with the electromagnetic simulation tool CST Studio® were executed to investigate the dependence of the induced BPM signal on different bunch lengths and velocities. Related to the application, the simulations are executed for the button BPM arrangement as foreseen for the FAIR Proton LINAC. These investigations provide the required inputs for the BPM system and its related technical layout such as analogue bandwidth and signal processing electronics. For the BPM electronics, it is important to estimate the contribution of the harmonic used for the data processing. Additionally, the analogue bandwidth of the BPM system is determined from studying the output signal of the button BPM as a function of bunch length at different beam velocities. This contribution presents the results of the simulations and comments on general findings relevant for a BPM layout and the operation of a hadron LINAC.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2016-TUPG05  
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TUPG09 Novel Electrostatic Beam Position Monitors With Enhanced Sensitivity simulation, instrumentation, quadrupole, monitoring 333
 
  • M. Ben Abdillah
    IPN, Orsay, France
  
  Beam Position Monitors (BPM) measure the beam transverse position, the beam phase with respect to the radiofrequency voltage, and give an indication on beam transverse shape. Electrostatic BPMs are composed of four electrodes that transduce the associated electromagnetic field to the beam into electrical signal allowing the calculation of the beam parameters mentioned above. During commissioning and/or experiences phases that needs very low beam current; the precision of the BPM measurements is reduced due to the low sensitivity of electrostatic BPM to beam current. This paper addresses the design, the realization and the testing of a new set of electrostatic BPMs with large electrodes. It emphasizes the strong points of these BPMs in comparison with BPMs present in SPIRAL2 facility  
poster icon Poster TUPG09 [0.770 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2016-TUPG09  
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TUPG17 Design and Beam Test Results of the Reentrant Cavity BPM for the European XFEL electronics, cavity, controls, cryomodule 356
 
  • C. Simon, M. Luong, O. Napoly
    CEA/DSM/IRFU, France
  • N. Baboi, D. Lipka, D. Nölle, G. Petrosyan
    DESY, Hamburg, Germany
  • R. Baldinger, B. Keil, G. Marinkovic, M. Roggli
    PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
  • M. Baudrier
    CEA/DRF/IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
  • L. Maurice
    CEA/IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
  
  The European X-ray Free Electron Laser (E-XFEL) will use reentrant beam position monitors (BPMs) in about one quarter of the superconducting cryomodules. This BPM is composed of a radiofrequency (RF) reentrant cavity with 4 antennas and an RF signal processing electronics. Hybrid couplers, near the cryomodules, generate the analog sum and difference of the raw pickup signals coming from two pairs of opposite RF feedthroughs. The resulting sum (proportional to bunch charge) and difference signals (proportional to the product of position and charge) are then filtered, down-converted by an RF front-end (RFFE), digitized, and digitally processed on an FPGA board. The task of CEA/Saclay was to cover the design, fabrication and beam tests and deliver these reentrant cavity BPMs for the E-XFEL linac in collaboration with DESY and PSI. This paper gives an overview of the reentrant BPM sys-tem with focus on the last version of the RF front end electronics, signal processing, and overall system performance. Measurement results achieved with prototypes installed at the DESY FLASH2 linac and in the E-XFEL injector are presented.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2016-TUPG17  
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TUPG21 Beam-Loss Monitoring Signals of Interlocked Events at the J-PARC Linac cavity, operation, proton, EPICS 368
 
  • N. Hayashi, Y. Kato, A. Miura
    JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan
  • K. Futatsukawa, T. Miyao
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  
  It is important to understand why the beam gets lost during normal operation. If RF cavity gets interlocked due to its failure, it is understandable. But it is still useful to study its detail mechanism and which beam loss monitor (BLM) receives higher loss or it is more sensitive in order to reduce a numbers of interlocked events and stabilize the accelerator operation in future. The J-PARC Linac BLM has a simple data recorder system consists of multi-oscilloscopes. Although its functionality is limited, it can record events when an interlock is triggered. Particular interest is the events associate with only BLM MPS (Machine-Protection-System). They may reveal hidden problems in the accelerator.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2016-TUPG21  
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TUPG23 Use CR-39 Plastic Dosimeters for Beam Ion Halo Measurements detector, proton, diagnostics, software 376
 
  • I. Eliyahu, A. Cohen, E. Daniely, B. Kaizer, A. Kreisler, A. Perry, A. Shor, L. Weissman
    Soreq NRC, Yavne, Israel
  
  Beam halo and growth of beam emittance are important issues for high-intensity linear accelerators. Beam-dynamic predictions of weak beam tails are usually not reliable due to complexity of the non-linear effects leading to halo formation. Therefore, development of a simple method for beam halo diagnostics is highly desirable. The first testing of CR-39 solid-state nuclear track dosimeters for beam halo measurement were performed at the SARAF phase I accelerator with a few MeV proton beams. Beam pulses of 90 nA peak intensity of shortest possible duration (15 ns) were used for direct irradiation of standard CR-39 personal dosimetry tags. Other irradiations were done with beam pulses of 200 ns duration and of 1 mA peak intensity. Specially prepared large area CR-39 plates with central hole for the beam core transport were used in these tests. Weak beam structures were clearly observed in the both types of irradiation. The tests showed feasibility of beam halo measurements down to resolution level of a single proton. The optimum CR-39 etching conditions were established. The advantages and drawback of the method are discussed.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2016-TUPG23  
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TUPG29 The Frascati LINAC Beam-Test Facility (BTF) Performance and Upgrades target, positron, electron, dipole 395
 
  • B. Buonomo, D.G.C. Di Giulio, L.G. Foggetta
    INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy
  • P. Valente
    INFN-Roma, Roma, Italy
  
  Funding: Supported by the H2020 project AIDA-2020, GA no. 654168
In the last 11 years, the Beam-Test Facility (BTF) of the Frascati DAΦNE accelerator, gained an important role in the development of particle detectors. e- or e+ beams can be extracted to a dedicated transfer line, where a target plus a dipole and collimator, can attenuate and select secondary particles in a narrow p (<1%) band. BTF can provide tuneable beams in a wide range of: energy (to 750 MeV/540 MeV for e−/e+), charge (up to 1010 e/bunch) and pulse length (1.4-40 ns) up to 49 Hz rep. rate. Beam spot and divergence can be adjusted, down to sub-mm sizes and 2 mrad. Photons can be produced on a target, and energy-tagged inside the dipole by Si micro-strip detectors. A shielded W target is used for neutron production: about 8 10-7/pr, 1 MeV n are produced. 200 beam days are delivered to about 20 groups/year. A dedicated experiment PADME for the search of light dark matter, like dark photons, ALPs, etc., was approved aiming at a sensitivity up to m=26 MeV/c2. An upgrade program of the facility is proposed, along 3 lines: consolidation of the LINAC, in order to guarantee a stable operation in the longer term; upgrade of the energy up to 1 GeV; doubling of the BTF beam-lines. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2016-TUPG29  
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TUPG37 A PPS Compliant Injected Charge Monitor at NSLS-II timing, PLC, operation, monitoring 422
 
  • A. Caracappa, C. Danneil, R.P. Fliller, D. Padrazo, O. Singh
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
  
  Part of the NSLS-II Personnel Protection System (PPS), the Accumulated Charge Monitor Interlock (ACMI) was developed to ensure the Accelerator Safety Envelope (ASE) limits for charge generation in the NSLS-II Injector are never violated. The ACMI measures the amount of charge in each injection shot using an Integrating Current Transformer (ICT). For logistical reasons, adding a redundant ICT was impractical so in order to achieve the high reliability required for PPS this system is designed to perform self-tests by injecting calibrated charge pulses into a test coil on the ICT and analyzing the returning charge signal. The injector trigger rate is 1.97Hz and self-tests are performed 250 mSec after every trigger pulse. Despite the lack of a redundant charge measurement the ACMI achieved the high reliability rating required for PPS with a mean time between failure (MTBF) rate greater than 106 hours. The ACMI was commissioned in 2014 and has operated to date without any major problems. In 2015 a second ACMI system was commissioned at another location in the injection system.  
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DOI • reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2016-TUPG37  
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TUPG51 Micro Pattern Ionization Chamber with Adaptive Amplifiers as Dose Delivery Monitor for Therapeutic Proton LINAC proton, electronics, cathode, factory 464
 
  • E. Cisbani, A. Carloni, S. Colilli, G. De Angelis, S. Frullani, F. Ghio, F. Giuliani, M. Gricia, M. Lucentini, C. Notaro, F. Santavenere, A. Spurio, G. Vacca
    ISS, Rome, Italy
  • A. Ampollini, P. Nenzi, L. Picardi, C. Ronsivalle, M. Vadrucci
    ENEA C.R. Frascati, Frascati (Roma), Italy
  • E. Basile
    Azienda Ospedaliera Papardo, Messina, Italy
  • D.M. Castelluccio
    ENEA-Bologna, Bologna, Italy
  • C. Placido
    University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
  
  Funding: Regione Lazio: TOP-IMPLART project
A dedicated dose delivery monitor is under development for the TOP-IMPLART proton accelerator, the first LINAC for cancer therapy. It is expected to measure the intensity profile to precisely monitor the fully active 3+1D (x/y/z and intensity) dose delivery of each short pulses (few micro-s, 0.1-10 micro-A pulse current at ~100 Hz) of the therapeutic proton beam (up to 230 MeV). The monitor system consists of planar gas chambers operating in ionization regime with cathode plane made ofμpattern pads alternately connected by orthogonal strips*. The dedicated readout electronics features trans-impedance amplifier that dynamically adapts its integrating feedback capacitance to the incoming amount of charge, then opportunistically changing its gain. The measured absolute sensitivity is about 100 fC (better than 0.03 relative sensitivity), the dynamic range up to 10000 (2 gain settings) with time response at the level of few ns, and virtually no dead time. Small scale chamber prototype (0.875 mm pitch pads) and readout electronics have been tested and characterized under both electron (5 MeV) and proton (up to 27 MeV) beams.
* The pad-like design has been adopted to maximize the field uniformity, to reduce the chamber thickness and to obtain both x/y coordinates on a single chamber. 		 
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DOI • reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2016-TUPG51  
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TUPG58 Measurement of Femtosecond Electron Beam Based on Frequency and Time Domain Schemes electron, laser, gun, radiation 483
 
  • K. Kan, M. Gohdo, T. Kondoh, I. Nozawa, J. Yang, Y. Yoshida
    ISIR, Osaka, Japan
  
  Ultrashort electron beams are essential for light sources and time-resolved measurements. Electron beams can emit terahertz (THz) pulses using coherent transition radiation (CTR). Michelson interferometer* is one of candidates for analyzing the pulse width of an electron beam based on frequency-domain analysis. Recently, electron beam measurement using a photoconductive antenna (PCA)** based on time-domain analysis has been investigated. The PCA with enhanced radial polarization characteristics enabled time-domain analysis for electron beam because of radially polarized THz pulse of CTR. In this presentation, measurement of femtosecond electron beam with 35 MeV energy and < 1 nC from a photocathode based linac will be reported. Frequency- and time- domain analysis of THz pulse of CTR by combining the interferometer and PCA will be carried out.
* I. Nozawa, K. Kan et al., Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 17, 072803 (2014).
** K. Kan et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 102, 221118 (2013).
 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2016-TUPG58  
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TUPG59 Bunch Extension Monitor for LINAC of SPIRAL2 Project ion, detector, positron, diagnostics 486
 
  • R.V. Revenko, J.L. Vignet
    GANIL, Caen, France
  
  A semi-interceptive monitor for bunch shape measure-ment has been developed for the LINAC of SPIRAL2. A Bunch Extension Monitor (BEM) is based on the registra-tion of X-rays emitted by the interaction of the beam ions with a thin tungsten wire. The time difference between detected X-rays and accelerating RF gives information about distribution of beam particles along the time axis. These monitors will be installed inside diagnostic boxes on the first five warm sections of the LINAC. The monitor consists of two parts: X-ray detector and mechanical system for positioning the tungsten wire into the beam. Emitted X-rays are registered by microchannel plates with fast readout. Signal processing is performed with constant fraction discriminators and TAC coupled with MCA. Results of bunch shape measurements obtained during commissioning of RFQ for SPIRAL2 are presented.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2016-TUPG59  
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TUPG64 Bunch Length Measurement Based on Interferometric Technique by Observing Coherent Transition Radiation electron, radiation, gun, detector 498
 
  • I. Nozawa, M. Gohdo, K. Kan, T. Kondoh, J. Yang, Y. Yoshida
    ISIR, Osaka, Japan
  
  Generation and diagnosis of ultrashort electron bunches are one of the main topics of accelerator physics and applications in related scientific fields. In this study, ultrashort electron bunches with bunch lengths of femtoseconds and bunch charges of picocoulombs were generated from a laser photocathode RF gun linac and an achromatic arc-type bunch compressor. Observing coherent transition radiation (CTR) emitted from the electron bunches using a Michelson interferometer, the interferograms of CTR were measured experimentally. The bunch lengths were diagnosed by performing a model-based analysis of the interferograms of CTR.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2016-TUPG64  
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TUPG65 OTR Measurements with Sub-MeV Electrons electron, target, radiation, TRIUMF 501
 
  • V.A. Verzilov, P.E. Dirksen
    TRIUMF, Canada's National Laboratory for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Vancouver, Canada
  
  It is a quite common belief that measurements of Optical Transition Radiation (OTR) produced by sub-MeV electron beams are impossible or at least require special highly sensitive instrumentation. The TRIUMF electron linac, presently undergoing commissioning, is capable of delivering up to 10mA of CW electron beams. Simulations showed that such a powerful beam generates substantial amount of light even at electron energies available at the output of the thermionic gun. The experiment was then setup to test the predictions. This paper reports OTR measurements for the range of electron energies 100-300 keV performed with an ordinary CCD camera.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2016-TUPG65  
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TUPG74 Spot Size Measurements in the ELI-NP Compton Gamma Source target, diagnostics, optics, radiation 532
 
  • F. Cioeta, E. Chiadroni, G. Di Pirro, G. Franzini, V. Shpakov, A. Stella, A. Variola
    INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy
  • A. Cianchi
    INFN-Roma II, Roma, Italy
  • M. Marongiu
    INFN-Roma, Roma, Italy
  • A. Mostacci, L. Palumbo
    University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
  
  A high brightness electron Linac is being built in the Compton Gamma Source at the ELI Nuclear Physics facility in Romania. To achieve the design luminosity, a train of 32, 16 ns spaced, bunches with a nominal charge of 250 pC will collide with the laser beam in the interaction point. Electron beam spot size is measured with an OTR (optical transition radiation) profile monitors. In order to measure the beam properties, the optical radiation detecting system must have the necessary accuracy and resolution. This paper deals with the studies of different optic configurations to achieve the magnification, resolution and accuracy desired considering design and technological constraints; we will compare several configurations of the optical detection line to justify the one chosen for the implementation in the Linac.  
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DOI • reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2016-TUPG74  
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TUPG75 Thermal Simulations for Optical Transition Radiation Screen for ELI-NP Compton Gamma Source target, radiation, electron, simulation 536
 
  • F. Cioeta, D. Alesini, A. Falone, V.L. Lollo, L. Pellegrino, A. Variola
    INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy
  • M. Ciambrella, A. Mostacci, L. Palumbo
    University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
  • M. Marongiu, V. Pettinacci
    INFN-Roma, Roma, Italy
  
  The Gamma Beam Source (ELI-GBS) is a high brightness electron LINAC that is being built at the ELI Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP) facility in Romania. The ELI-GBS aims to produce high quality gamma beam through Compton Backscattering. A train of 32 bunches at 100Hz with a nominal charge of 250pC is accelerated up to 740 MeV. Two interaction points with an IR Laser beam produces the gamma beam at two different energies. In order to measure the electron beam spot size and the beam properties, the LINAC is equipped with several optical transition radiation (OTR) profile monitors. Those OTR screens must sustain the thermal and mechanical stress due to the energy deposited by the bunches. We present a numerical (ANSYS) study of the thermo-mechanical issues due to beam energy deposition in the screens; our analysis will cover both the steady state and transient regime.  
poster icon Poster TUPG75 [41.161 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2016-TUPG75  
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TUPG77 Experimental Results of a Compact Laserwire System for Non-Invasive H− Beam Profile Measurements at CERN's Linac4 laser, detector, electron, optics 544
 
  • S.M. Gibson, G.E. Boorman, A. Bosco
    Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, United Kingdom
  • T. Hofmann, U. Raich, F. Roncarolo
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  Funding: Support from UK STFC, grant ST/N001753/1.
A non-invasive laserwire system is being developed for quasi-continuous monitoring of the transverse profile and emittance of the final 160 MeV beam at CERN's LINAC4. As part of these developments, a compact laser-based profile monitor was recently tested during LINAC4 commissioning at beam energies of 50 MeV, 80 MeV and 107 MeV. A laser with a tunable pulse width (1-300 ns) and ~200 W peak power in a surface hutch delivers light via a 75 m LMA transport fibre to the accelerator. Automated scanning optics deliver a free space <150 micron width laserwire to the interaction chamber, where a transverse slice of the hydrogen ion beam is neutralised via photo-detachment. The liberated electrons are deflected by a low field dipole and captured by a sCVD diamond detector, that can be scanned in synchronisation with the laserwire position. The laserwire profile of the LINAC4 beam has been measured at all commissioning energies and is found in very good agreement with interpolated profiles from conventional SEM-grid and wire scanner measurements, positioned up and downstream of the laserwire setup. Improvements based on these prototype tests for the design of the final system are presented. 		 
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DOI • reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2016-TUPG77  
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TUPG81 Space Charge Studies for the Ionisation Profile Monitors for the ESS Cold Linac proton, space-charge, electron, simulation 555
 
  • C.A. Thomas
    ESS, Lund, Sweden
  • F. Belloni, J. Marroncle
    CEA/IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
  
  In this paper, we present the results from a numerical code developed to study the effect of space charge on the performance of Ionisation Profile Monitors. The code has been developed from the analytical expression of the electromagnetic field generated by a 3D bunch of charged particles moving along one axis. This transient field is evaluated to calculate the momentum gained by a test moving particle, but not necessary co-moving with the bunch, and included in a non-linear ordinary differential equation solver (Runge-Kutta) to track the 3D motion of the test particle. The model of the IPM is complete when an additional constant electric field is included to project the test particle onto a screen. The results from this code, modelling the IPM to be developed for the ESS Cold Linac, are presented here, and the impact of the space charge on the measurement of the beam profile is discussed.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2016-TUPG81  
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WEAL01 Longitudinal Diagnostics Methods and Limits for Hadron Linacs cavity, diagnostics, space-charge, simulation 563
 
  • A.P. Shishlo, A.V. Aleksandrov
    ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  
  Funding: This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC, under Contract No. DE-AC0500OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The United States Govern-ment retains and the publisher,
A summary of the longitudinal diagnostics for linacs is presented based on the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) linac example. It includes acceptance phase scans, Bunch Shape Monitors (BSM), and a method based on the analysis of the stripline Beam Position Monitors (BPM) signals. The last method can deliver the longitudinal Twiss parameters of the beam. The accuracy, applicability, and limitations of this method are presented and discussed. 		 
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DOI • reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2016-WEAL01  
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WEBL01 Beam Diagnostics Challenges for Beam Dynamics Studies optics, emittance, diagnostics, quadrupole 577
 
  • O.R. Jones
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  This presentation will review the performance and limitations of present beam instrumentation in relation to beam dynamics studies, and give an overview of the main requirements from the accelerator physics community for new or improved measurements that need R&D effort from the beam diagnostics side.  
slides icon Slides WEBL01 [47.201 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2016-WEBL01  
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WEPG10 Phase and Energy Stabilization System at the S-Dalinac electron, controls, cavity, injection 638
 
  • T. Bahlo, C. Burandt, L.E. Jürgensen, T. Kürzeder, N. Pietralla, J. Wissmann
    TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
  • F. Hug
    IKP, Mainz, Germany
  
  The Superconducting Darmstadt Linear Accelerator S‑DALINAC is a recirculating electron accelerator with a design energy of 130 MeV operating in cw. Before entering the 30 MeV main accelerator the low energetic electron beam passes both a normal-conducting injector beamline preparing the beam's 3 GHz time structure as well as a superconducting 10 MeV injector beamline for preacceleration. Since the superconducting injector accelerates on-crest while the main accelerator accelerates off-crest the beam phase is crucial for the efficiency of the acceleration process and the minimization of the energy spread. Due to thermal drifts of the normal-conducting injector cavities this injection phase varies by about 0.2 degree over a timescale of an hour. In order to compensate for these drifts, a high level phase controller has been implemented. Additionally a low-energy scraper system has been installed between the injector and main linac in order to lock both the phase and the energy spread at the linac entrance. We will present the hardware for the phase controller, the control algorithm and the scraper setup. A report on measurements showing the effect of both systems will be given.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2016-WEPG10  
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WEPG11 Operation of the Beam Position Monitor for the Spiral 2 Linac on the Test Bench of the RFQ electronics, operation, diagnostics, rfq 642
 
  • P. Ausset, M. Ben Abdillah, F. Fournier
    IPN, Orsay, France
  • S.K. Bharade, G. Joshi, P.D. Motiwala
    BARC, Trombay, Mumbai, India
  • R. Ferdinand, D.T. Touchard
    GANIL, Caen, France
  
  The SPIRAL2 project is based on a multi-beam superconducting LINAC designed to accelerate 5 mA deuteron beams up to 40 MeV, proton beams up to 33 MeV and 1 mA light and heavy ions (Q/A = 1/3) up to 14.5 MeV/A. The accurate tuning of the LINAC is essential for the operation of SPIRAL2 and requires measurement of the beam transverse position, the phase of the beam with respect to the radiofrequency voltage, the ellipticity of the beam and the beam energy with the help of Beam Position Monitor (BPM) system. The commissioning of the RFQ gave us the opportunity to install a BPM sensor, associated with its electronics, mounted on a test bench. The test bench is a D-plate fully equipped with a complete set of beam diagnostic equipment in order to characterize as completely as possible the beam delivered by the RFQ and to gain experience with the behavior of these diagnostics under beam operation. This paper addresses the first measurements carried with the BPM on the D-plate: intensity, phase, transverse position and ellipticity under 750 keV proton beam operation  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2016-WEPG11  
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WEPG16 The SLAC LINAC LLRF Controls Upgrade klystron, timing, LLRF, controls 654
 
  • D. Van Winkle, J.M. D'Ewart, J.C. Frisch, B. Hong, U. Legat, J.J. Olsen, P. Seward, J.A. Vásquez
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by Department of Energy contract DE-AC02-76SF00515
The low level RF control for the SLAC LINAC is being upgraded to provide improved performance and maintainability. RF control is through a high performance FPGA based DDS/DDC system built on the SLAC ATCA common platform. The klystron and modulator interlocks are being upgraded, and the interlocks are being moved into a combination of PLC logic and a fast trip system. A new solid state sub-booster amplifier will eliminate the need for the 1960s vintage high RF phase shifters and attenuators. 		 
poster icon Poster WEPG16 [12.133 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2016-WEPG16  
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WEPG23 Evaluating Beam-Loss Detectors for LCLS-2 detector, ion, electron, radiation 678
 
  • A.S. Fisher, R.C. Field, L.Y. Nicolas
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  
  The LCLS x-ray FEL occupies the third km of the 3-km SLAC linac, which accelerates electrons in copper cavities pulsed at 120 Hz. For LCLS-2, the first km of linac will be replaced with superconducting cavities driven by continuous RF at 1300 MHz. The normal-conducting photocathode gun will also use continuous RF, at 186 MHz. The laser pulse rate will be variable up to 1 MHz. With a maximum beam power of 250 kW initially, and eventually 1 MW, the control of beam loss is critical for machine and personnel safety, especially since losses can continue indefinitely in linacs and dark current emitted in the gun or cavities can be lost at any time. SLAC protection systems now depend on ionization chambers, both local devices at expected loss sites and long gas-dielectric coaxial cables for distributed coverage. However, their ion collection time is over 1 ms, far slower than the beam repetition rate. We present simulations showing that with persistent losses, the space charge of accumulated ions can null the electric field inside the detector, blinding it to an increase in loss. We also report on tests comparing these detectors to faster alternatives.  
poster icon Poster WEPG23 [6.589 MB]  
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WEPG25 Beam Diagnostics for Charge and Position Measurements in ELI-NP GBS cavity, electron, diagnostics, electronics 682
 
  • G. Franzini, F. Cioeta, O. Coiro, D. Pellegrini, M. Serio, A. Stella, A. Variola
    INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy
  • A. Mostacci, S. Tocci
    University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
  
  The advanced source of Gamma-ray photons to be built in Bucharest (Romania), as part of the ELI-NP European Research Infrastructure, will generate photons by Compton back-scattering in the collision between a multi-bunch electron beam and a high intensity recirculated laser pulse. An S-Band photoinjector and the following C-band Linac at a maximum energy of 720MeV, under construction by an European consortium (EurogammaS) led by INFN, will operate at 100Hz repetition rate with trains of 32 electron bunches, separated by 16ns and a 250pC nominal charge. The different BPMs and current transformers used to measure transverse beam position and charge along the LINAC are described. Design criteria, production status and bench test results of the charge and position pickups are reported in the paper, together with the related data acquisition systems.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2016-WEPG25  
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WEPG29 Commissioning Results of the TOP-IMPLART 27 MeV Proton Linear Accelerator proton, DTL, booster, rfq 686
 
  • P. Nenzi, A. Ampollini, G. Bazzano, L. Picardi, M. Piccinini, C. Ronsivalle, V. Surrenti, E. Trinca, M. Vadrucci
    ENEA C.R. Frascati, Frascati (Roma), Italy
  
  Funding: The work has been granted by Regione Lazio under the agreement "TOP-IMPLART Project"
The results of a 27MeV proton LINAC commissioning are presented. The linac, operating at ENEA Frascati Research Center, consists of a 425MHz injector followed by a 3GHz booster. The injector is a commercial LINAC (ACCSYS-HITACHI PL7) composed by a duoplasmatron source with einzel lens, a 3MeV RFQ and a 7MeV DTL. Wide injection current range (0-1.5mA) is obtained varying extraction and lens potentials. The booster is a sequence of 3 SCDTL (Side Coupled DTL) modules with output energies of 11.6, 18 and 27MeV. Each module requires less than 2MW peak power in 4us length pulses. All modules are powered by a single klystron. The output beam has been characterized at 10Hz PRF. Fast AC transformers, Faraday cup and ionization chamber have been used for current/charge monitoring, while energy has been measured using a novel detector based on LiF crystals. Systematic measurements have been done to investigate the sensitivity of output beam to machine operating parameters (SCDTL temperatures, stability of injector and RF power) highlightning the existing correlations. The LINAC is part of a 150MeV protontherapy accelerator under development in the framework of the TOP-IMPLART Project. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2016-WEPG29  
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WEPG37 Nondestructive High-Accuracy Charge Measurement of the Pulses of a 27 MeV Electron Beam from a Linear Accelerator electron, radiation, vacuum, monitoring 708
 
  • A. Schüller, J. Illemann, R.-P. Kapsch, C. Makowski, F. Renner
    PTB, Braunschweig, Germany
  
  This work presents a description of measuring devices and procedures in order to enable the nondestructive (non-intercepting) absolute measurement of the charge of individual beam pulses (macro-pulses) from an electron linear accelerator with high accuracy, i.e. with a measurement uncertainty <0.1%. In particular, we demonstrate the readout and calibration of a Bergoz integrating current transformer which is frequently applied at many different types of accelerators as a beam intensity monitor. The current transformer signal is calibrated against a custom-made compact Faraday cup with a high degree of collection efficiency for electron beams in the energy range of 6 MeV to 50 MeV (99.2 % at 27 MeV), which is well known from measurements and Monte Carlo calculations.  
poster icon Poster WEPG37 [1.513 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2016-WEPG37  
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WEPG39 Measurement Uncertainty Assessments of the SPIRAL2 ACCT/DCCT controls, electronics, rfq, site 712
 
  • S.L. Leloir, T.A. Andre, C. Jamet, G. Ledu, S. Loret, C. Potier de courcy
    GANIL, Caen, France
  
  Four instrumentation chains with AC and DC Current Transformers (ACCT-DCCT) will equip the lines of SPIRAL2 facility to measure the beam intensity and line transmissions. These measures are essential to tune and supervise the beam, to assure the thermal protection of the accelerator and to control that the intensities and transmissions are below the authorized limits. As such, the uncertainties of measurement chains must be taken into account in the threshold values. The electronic has been designed with high requirements of quality and dependability by following different steps; from prototyping, the qualification through an Analysis of Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) until final fabrication. This paper presents the measurement uncertainty assessments of the ACCT/DCCT chains.  
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DOI • reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2016-WEPG39  
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WEPG44 Longitudinal Phase Space Measurement at the ELI-NP Compton Gamma Source electron, brightness, laser, dipole 732
 
  • L. Sabato
    U. Sannio, Benevento, Italy
  • D. Alesini, G. Franzini, C. Vaccarezza, A. Variola
    INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy
  • P. Arpaia, A. Liccardo
    Naples University Federico II, Science and Technology Pole, Napoli, Italy
  • A. Giribono, A. Mostacci, L. Palumbo
    University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
  • L. Sabato
    INFN-Napoli, Napoli, Italy
  
  Virtual bunch length measurement can be carried out by means of ELEGANT code for tracking the bunch particles from RF deflector to the screen. The technique relies on the correlation between the bunch longitudinal coordinate and transverse coordinates induced through a RF deflector. Therefore, the bunch length measurement can be carried out measuring the vertical spot size at the screen, placed after the RF deflector. The deflecting voltage amplitude affects the resolution. Adding a dispersive element, e.g. a magnetic dipole between RF deflector and the screen, the full longitudinal phase space can be measured. In this paper, we discuss some issues relevant for the electron linac of the Compton source at the Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP).  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2016-WEPG44  
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WEPG45 Present Status of the Laser Charge Exchange Test Using the 3-MeV Linac in J-PARC laser, proton, experiment, rfq 736
 
  • H. Takei, E. Chishiro, K. Hirano, Y. Kondo, S.I. Meigo, A. Miura, T. Morishita, H. Oguri, K. Tsutsumi
    JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan
  
  The accelerator-driven system (ADS) is discussed as one of the efficient device to transmute long-lived nuclides. For the efficient transmutation of the minor actinide (MA), precise prediction of neutronic performance of ADS is indispensable. The Transmutation Physics Experimental Facility (TEF-P) aimed at obtaining experimental data for the accuracy improvement of neutronics evaluation of MA-loaded ADS. The critical assembly installed in TEF-P operates below 500 watt to prevent the excessive radio activation of assembly. For the separation of low power beam from J-PARC intense proton accelerator, the meticulous low power beam extraction method from high power proton beam is required. The laser charge exchange method (LCE) is originally developed to measure the proton beam profile and can be applied to the beam separation device for TEF-P. The LCE device consists of bright YAG-laser and laser transport system with beam position controllers. We performed the stability tests for laser power and position of exposure by no proton beam condition. The further LCE tests using negative 3-MeV proton linac in J-PARC will be conducted. In this paper, present status of LCE tests is presented.  
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DOI • reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2016-WEPG45  
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WEPG73 A Hardware and Software Overview on the New BTF Transverse Profile Monitor software, detector, timing, positron 818
 
  • B. Buonomo, D.G.C. Di Giulio, L.G. Foggetta
    INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy
  • P. Valente
    INFN-Roma, Roma, Italy
  
  Funding: Supported by the H2020 project AIDA-2020, GA no. 654168
In the last 11 years, the Beam-Test Facility (BTF) of the DAΦNE accelerator complex, in the Frascati laboratory, has gained an important role in the EU infrastructures devoted to the development of particle detectors. The facility can provide runtime tuneable electrons and positrons beams in a range of different parameters: energy (up to 750 MeV for e- and 540 MeV for e+), charge ( up to 1010 e /bunch) and pulse length (1.4-40 ns). The bunch delivering rate is up to 49 Hz and the beam spot and divergence can be adjusted, down to sub-mm sizes and 2 mrad, in order to achieve user needs. In these paper we are going to describe the new implementation of the secondary BTF beam transverse monitor systems based on WIDEPIX FITPIX detectors, operating in bus synchronization mode externally timed to BTF beams. Our software layout includes a data producer, a live-data display consumer and a MEMCACHED caching server. This configuration offers to BTF users a vary fast approach to the transverse data using TCP/IP calls to MEMCACHED with an easy and fast software integration on users DAQ. The data packing permits also to avoid the needs of mixed (user vs BTF) hardware synchronization. 		 
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DOI • reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2016-WEPG73  
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WEPG74 Bridging the Gap; Updating LANSCE Digitizers emittance, controls, distributed, data-acquisition 822
 
  • D. Baros, J.D. Sedillo, H.A. Watkins
    LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy.
The Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE) is currently upgrading equipment that is used to digitize transverse beam profile measurements. Emittance measurements were originally digitized using legacy equipment, known as RICE (Remote Indication and Control Equipment). This required 38 RICE modules distributed along the half-mile long accelerator simultaneously recording 4 channels each to populate the 76 data points needed to create a single emittance profile. The system now uses a National Instruments cRIO controller to digitize the entire profile in a single chassis. Details of the hardware selection and performance of the system for different timing structures are presented. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2016-WEPG74  
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THAL03 Multi-Laser-Wire Diagnostic for the Beam Profile Measurement of a Negative Hydrogen Ion Beam in the J-PARC LINAC laser, electron, cavity, ion 856
 
  • A. Miura, K. Okabe, M. Yoshimoto
    JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan
  • I. Yamane
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  
  In the J-PARC linac, the negative hydrogen ion beam is acceralated to be 400 MeV. Repitition rate will be increased to be from 25 Hz to 50 Hz. The half of 400 MeV beams are injected to the downstream scynchlotoron (RCS) and the other half will be transported to the planned experimental laboratory of the accelerator driven transmutation facility. One of the important issues for the high-current and high-brilliance accelerators is to understand the beam dynamics. The wire scanner monitor is reliably operated in many accelerator facilities around the world. Because the heat loading on a wire is getting increaced in high-current beam tuning, we focused to use a laser wire system. Ionization potential of the negative hydrogen ion is 0.75 eV and one electron is easily detached by a laser beam whose wavelength is adjusted by the Doppler-shift to a large cross-section point. In addition, we propose to use a new multi-laser-wire system. In the new system, we use a pair of concave millors with different diameters to make multi-paths of laser beam, and the beam waists of the laser paths are aligned in principle. In the paper, we propose the multi-laser-wire system and its application.  
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DOI • reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2016-THAL03  
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