Cyclotrons2013 - List of Keywords (injection)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MO2PB01	What We Learned from EMMA	acceleration, lattice, resonance, synchrotron	14
	S. Machida STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
	Since the demonstration of acceleration in 2011, the study of EMMA aims for more detailed and quantitative understanding of a linear non-scaling FFAG. The talk will summarise the beam study for the last couple of years which includes effects of resonance crossing, a novel idea of COD correction, etc.
	Slides MO2PB01 [8.447 MB]

MO2PB03	Progress Toward the Facility Upgrade for Accelerated Radioactive Beams at Texas A&M	ion, ECRIS, cyclotron, heavy-ion	22
	D.P. May, B.T. Roeder, R.E. Tribble Texas A&M University Cyclotron Institute, College Station, Texas, USA F.P. Abegglen, G. Chubaryan, H.L. Clark, G.J. Kim, G. Tabacaru Texas A&M University, Cyclotron Institute, College Station, Texas, USA J.E. Ärje JYFL, Jyväskylä, Finland
	Funding: U. S. Dept. of Energy Grant DE-FG02-93ER40773 The upgrade project at the Cyclotron Institute of Texas A&M University continues to make substantial progress toward the goal of providing radioactive beams accelerated to intermediate energies by the K500 Cyclotron. The K150, which will function as a driver, is now used extensively to deliver both light and heavy ion beams for experiments. The ion-guide cave for the production and charge-breeding of low-energy radioactive beams has been constructed, and the light-ion guide (LIG) has been commissioned with an internal radioactive source. The charge breeding electron-cyclotron-resonance ion source (CB-ECRIS) has been commissioned with a source of stable 1+ ions, while the injection line leading to the K500 has been commissioned with the injection and acceleration of charge-bred beams. Despite the lack of good field maps, both light and heavy ions beams have been developed for the K150. Progress and plans, including those for the heavy-ion guide (HIG), are presented.
	Slides MO2PB03 [9.652 MB]

MOPPT008	Present Status of Cyclotrons (NIRS-930, HM-18) at NIRS	cyclotron, proton, radiation, ion	46
	S. Hojo, T. Honma, K. Katagiri, M. Nakao, A. Noda, K. Noda, A. Sugiura NIRS, Chiba-shi, Japan A.K. Komiyama, T. Okada, Y. Takahashi AEC, Chiba, Japan
	The cyclotron facility at National Institute of Radiological Science (NIRS) consists of a NIRS-930 cyclotron (Thomson-CSF AVF-930, Kb=110 MeV and Kf=90 MeV) and a small cyclotron HM-18(Sumitomo- Heavy- Industry HM-18). The NIRS-930 has been used for production of short-lived radio-pharmaceuticals for PET, research of physics, developments of particle detectors in space, and so on. The orbit of a beam in the NIRS-930 cyclotron was simulated with integrated approach to modelling of the cyclotron, including calculation of electromagnetic fields of the structural elements. And some improvements such as installation of extracted beam probe, a beam attenuator and a beam viewer in an injection beam line, were performed in the NIRS-930. The HM-18 has been used for production of short-lived radio-pharmaceuticals for PET. It allows us to accelerate H-and D- ion at fixed energies of 18 and 9 MeV, respectively. In order to improve the isochronism, a phase probe has been newly installed in the HM-18. Above improvements and operational status of the cyclotron facility are to be presented in this report.

MOPPT015	Plan of a 70 MeV H⁻ Cyclotron System for the ISOL Driver in the Rare Isotope Science Project	target, cyclotron, ISOL, optics	64
	J.-W. Kim, Y. Choi, S. Hong, J.H. Kim IBS, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
	A 70 MeV H⁻ cyclotron system has been planned for the rare isotope science project (RISP) in Korea mainly to be used as ISOL driver. The maximum beam current requested is 1 mA, and the beam will be used for the nuclear and neutron science programs. A commercial cyclotron with two extraction ports is to be installed for the facility, and the beam distribution lines have been designed with consideration of radiation shielding. The injection beam line has been also studied to produce pulsed beams in the range of 0.01-1 MHz for the users of neutron science to utilize the time of flight technique. A chopper and collimator system is thought as a feasible scheme, and beam optics calculation has been performed. The cyclotron is scheduled to produce a first beam for the RISP in 2007.

MOPPT016	Configurable 1 MeV Test Stand Cyclotron for High Intensity Injection System Development	cyclotron, ion-source, ion, diagnostics	67
	F.S. Labrecque, F.S. Grillet, B.F. Milton, L. AC. Piazza, W. Stazyk, S.L. Tarrant BCSI, Vancouver, BC, Canada J.R. Alonso, D. Campo MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA L. Calabretta INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy M.M. Maggiore INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy
	In order to study and optimize the ion source and injection system of our multiple cyclotron products, Best® Cyclotron Systems Inc. (BCSI) has assembled in its Vancouver office a 1 MeV cyclotron development platform. To accommodate different injection line configurations, the main magnet median plane is vertically oriented and rail mounted which also allows easy access to the inner components. In addition, the main magnet central region is equipped with interchangeable magnetic poles, RF elements, and inflector electrodes in order to replicate the features of the simulated cyclotrons. Multiple diagnostic devices are available to fully characterize the beam along the injection line and inside the cyclotron. This paper will describe the design of two system configurations: the 60 MeV H²⁺ for the DAEΔALUS experiment (MIT, BEST, INFN-LNS) and the BCSI 70 MeV H⁻ cyclotron.

MOPPT018	End-to-End 6-D Tracking Using EMMA On-Line Model	kicker, septum, extraction, acceleration	70
	F. Méot BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA D.J. Kelliher, S. Machida STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom B.J.A. Shepherd STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
	Numerical simulation of 6-dimensional, end-to-end beam transport in the prototype EMMA linear FFAG is presented and discussed. The simulation uses the 3-D OPERA field maps of the 42 cells, including the specific injection and extraction cells. It starts from upstream of the injection septum, and ends downstream of the extraction septum after 10-turn "serpentine" acceleration from 10 to 20 MeV. It includes the time function of the septa and injection and extraction pairs of kickers, and possible stray fields.

MOPPT022	Design of New Superconducting Ring Cyclotron for the RIBF	extraction, cyclotron, ion, ion-source	79
	J. Ohnishi, M. Nakamura, H. Okuno RIKEN Nishina Center, Wako, Japan
	At the RIBF, uranium beams are accelerated up to the energy of 345 MeV per nucleon with a RFQ linac, DTL, and four ring cyclotrons (RRC, fRC, IRC, SRC). However, the present beam current of the uranium is 10-15 pnA at the exit of the SRC, still low, because we have to use two charge strippers located upstream and downstream of the fRC to convert the U³⁵⁺ ions extraced from the 28 GHz ECR ion source to U⁶⁴⁺ and U⁸⁶⁺, respectively. Accordingly, in order to increase the beam current more than tenfold, we performed the design study of the new superconducting ring cyclotron with the K-value of 2200 which can accelerate the U³⁵⁺ ions from 11 MeV/u to 48 MeV/u without the first charge stripper. The number of sector magnets is four and the RF frequency is fixed. The maximum magnetic field strength on the beam orbit is 3.2 T, and the superconducting main coils of the dense winding of NbTi and the trim coils of normal-conducting Cu are used. The total weight of the iron yokes is approximately 4800 t. This paper also describes the beam injection and extraction system which includes one superconducting magnetic channel.

MO3PB01	An Inverse Cyclotron for Muon Cooling	extraction, cyclotron, focusing, simulation	97
	T.L. Hart, D.J. Summers UMiss, University, Mississippi, USA
	The production of intense high energy muon beams for muon colliders is an active area of interest due to the muon's large mass and pointlike structure. The muon production and the subsequent preparation into a beam are challenging due to the large emittance of the initial beam and the short muon lifetime. Most muon cooling channels being developed are single-pass structures due to the difficulty of injecting large emittance beams into a circular device. Inverse cyclotrons can potentially solve the injection problem using single turn energy loss injection and also reduce the muon beam emittance by a large factor. An end-to-end simulation of an inverse cyclotron for muon cooling is presented performed with G4Beamline, a GEANT-based particle tracking simulation program. Muons are collected in a central trap and then all ejected together.
	Slides MO3PB01 [1.747 MB]

MO3PB03	High Gradient Superconducting Cavity Development for FFAG	cavity, proton, extraction, simulation	105
	S.V. Kutsaev, Z.A. Conway, P.N. Ostroumov ANL, Argonne, USA R.D. Ford, C. Johnstone PAC, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	Funding: This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 Like the cyclotron, the Fixed Field Alternating Gradient machine (FFAG) is a compact accelerator with variety of applications in industry and medicine. High intensity, fixed-field compact accelerators require enhanced orbit separation to minimize beam losses especially at extraction. In medium energy and compact FFAGs, this requires a total voltage of ~20 MV per turn with continuous wave accelerating gradients of ~10MV/m, which can only be achieved using superconducting accelerating cavities. This high voltage can be generated using 4 superconducting (SC) cavities operating at higher harmonics of the beam revolution, equal to approximately 200 MHz. The cavities and cryomodule are inserted into a 2m straight section of a racetrack-shaped FFAG. However, as with cyclotrons, the FFAG has a large horizontal acceleration aperture presenting a challenging problem for SCRF cavity design. In this work, we present SC cavity design with 50 cm x 1 cm beam apertures, their electrodynamics optimization, and multiphysics analysis. To achieve a 1 mA average beam current, each cavity is powered by two 100 kW RF couplers.
	Slides MO3PB03 [2.819 MB]

MO3PB04	Comparison of Superconducting 230 MeV/u Synchro- and Isochronous Cyclotron Designs for Therapy with Cyclinacs	cyclotron, linac, acceleration, ion	108
	A. Garonna CERN, Geneva, Switzerland U. Amaldi, A. Laisné TERA, Novara, Italy L. Calabretta, D. Campo INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
	Funding: This work was funded by the TERA Foundation (Novara, Italy). This work presents new superconducting compact cyclotron designs for injection in CABOTO, a linac developed by the TERA Foundation delivering C⁶⁺/H²⁺ beams up to 400 MeV/u for ion beam therapy. Two designs are compared in an industrial perspective under the same design constraints and methods: a synchrocyclotron and an isochronous cyclotron, both at the highest possible magnetic field and with an output energy of 230 MeV/u. This energy allows us to use the cyclotron as a stand-alone accelerator for proton therapy. The synchrocyclotron design features a central magnetic field of 5 T and an axisymmetric pole and a constant field index. The beam is injected axially with a spiral inflector. Resonant extraction allows beam ejection with moderate beam losses. The RF system operates in first harmonic (180° Dee), with modulation provided by a large rotating capacitor. The isochronous cyclotron design features a 3.2 T central magnetic field, four sectors and elliptical pole gaps in the hills and in the valleys. Spiraling is minimized and beam ejection is achieved with a single electrostatic deflector placed inside an empty valley. The two RF cavities operate in fourth harmonic.
	Slides MO3PB04 [4.314 MB]

MO4PB01	Experimental Study Towards High Beam Power FFAG	acceleration, space-charge, linac, cavity	111
	T. Uesugi Kyoto University, Research Reactor Institute, Osaka, Japan
	The FFAG complex at KURRI is not only the first proton FFAG accelerator facility for beam users but the one aiming to have high beam power. The talk will present various efforts to increase beam power for the last few years and systematic strategy in near future toward the space charge limit.
	Slides MO4PB01 [6.691 MB]

TUPPT006	The Development of Radial Probe for CYCIAE-100	target, cyclotron, vacuum, controls	165
	F.P. Guan, Z.G. Li, C. Wang, L.P. Wen, H.D. Xie, Z.G. Yin, T.J. Zhang CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	In the design of CYCIAE-100 beam diagnostics system, three radial probes distribute on the mid plane. These radial probes can be used for beam centering measurement. By blocking beam on five finger target and one stopping block, the radial probe can measure the radial and axial envelope of H⁻ beam at the same time. During beam commissioning, the radial probe can also be used for beam intensity measurement. The changeable probe head design makes it possible to replace the damaged part and optimization of the structure.

TUPPT015	A Center Region Upgrade of the LBNL 88-Inch Cyclotron	cyclotron, ion, ion-source, focusing	186
	K. Yoshiki Franzen, J.Y. Benitez, M.K. Covo, A. Hodgkinson, C.M. Lyneis, B. Ninemire, L. Phair, P. Pipersky, M.M. Strohmeier, D.S. Todd LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA D. Leitner NSCL, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
	This paper describes the design and results of an upgraded cyclotron center region in which a mirror field type inflector was replaced by a spiral inflector. The main goals of the design were a) to facilitate injection at higher energies in order to improve transmission efficiency and b) to reduce down-time due to the need of replacing mirror inflector wires which rapidly break when exposed to high beam currents. The design was based on a detailed model of the spiral inflector and matching center region electrodes using AMaze, a 3D finite element suite of codes. Tests showed promising results indicating that the 88-Inch cyclotron will be able to provide a 2.0 pμA beam of 250 MeV 48Ca ions.

TUPSH016	Trim Coil Unbalance of the 88-Inch Cyclotron	cyclotron, ion, power-supply, radiation	254
	M. Kireeff Covo, B. Bingham, C.M. Lyneis, B. Ninemire, L. Phair, P. Pipersky, A. Ratti, M.M. Strohmeier, D.S. Todd LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA K.Y. Franzen Mevion, Littleton, Massachusetts, USA
	Funding: Work supported by the Director, Office of Energy Research, Office of High Energy and Nuclear Physics, Nuclear Physics Division of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. The 88-inch cyclotron Dee probe shows large losses inside the radius of 20 cm and suggests problems in the ion beam injection. The current of the top and bottom innermost trim coil 1 is unbalanced to study effects of the axial injection displacement. A new beam profile monitor images the ion beam bunches, turn by turn, and the beam center of mass position is measured. The technique allows increasing the beam transmission through the cyclotron.

WEPPT002	Optimizing the Operational Parameters of the SFC by Using PSO Algorithm	extraction, proton, cyclotron, heavy-ion	320
	L.T. Shi, H. Hao, P. Jiang IMP, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
	HIRFL-SFC is a Sector-Focused Cyclotron, which plays an important role in scientific experiments in IMP. In order to orbit correction and single turn extraction, there are 4 groups of harmonic coils in SFC. But we did not have a program to calculate the current of harmonic coils for different ions. In view of this situation, we developed a program (Orbit-PSO) to calculate it. By using the method of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and the code of orbit calculation, we get the parameters for different beam through comparing with the orbit of 7MeV ¹²C⁴⁺. At the same time, we get the injection energy and voltage of Dee for different ions.

WEPPT004	Feasibility Study of Intense Beam Matching at the Spiral Inflector Using Elliptical Solenoid	solenoid, emittance, focusing, space-charge	326
	A. Goswami, V.S. Pandit, P. Sing Babu VECC, Kolkata, India
	Simulation results on a spiral inflector for compact cyclotron, indicate that convergent phase ellipses with different orientations in x and y planes and a comparatively smaller width in the y plane gives better beam transmission through the inflector. In order to transform the axisymmetric beam to a non-axisymmetric beam for matching at the entrance of the inflector one needs either an elliptical solenoid or a quadrupole doublet. The injection system of 10MeV-5mA proton cyclotron being developed at VECC consists of a 2.45GHz (80keV) microwave ion source and two solenoids to transport and match the beam at the spiral inflector. Due to space constraint we have planned to use an elliptical solenoid just before the spiral inflector for transverse matching of the beam. In this work the beam optical properties of an elliptical solenoid have been studied, including the effect of space charge. An envelope model based on the canonical description of motion has been developed and utilized to study the feasibility of using an elliptical solenoid for transverse matching of a space charge dominated beam to the acceptance of a spiral inflector.

WEPPT015	Study of Beam Capture in Compact Synchrocyclotron	acceleration, synchrotron, synchro-cyclotron, cyclotron	353
	S.A. Kostromin, G.A. Karamysheva, N.A. Morozov, E. Samsonov JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
	Capture efficiency and main aspects of the beam dynamics during first turns and in a period of one synchrotron oscillation were studied in synchrocyclotron with driving magnetic field of ~5 Tesla. Corresponding simulations of the beam motion were done by means of numerical integration of the full equations of motion in the electro-magnetic field of accelerator. Main physical parameters for input data were taken similar to them for IBA S2C2.

WEPPT018	Behavior of Space Charge Dominated Beam Envelope in Central Region of High Current Cyclotron	space-charge, acceleration, simulation, cyclotron	359
	R. Azizi, H. Afarideh, V. Afzalan AUT, Tehran, Iran J.-S. Chai, M. Ghergherehchi SKKU, Suwon, Republic of Korea
	In this paper the space charge effect in the two first turn after injection has been investigated. In order to determine beam envelopes, two corresponding equations were chosen. In addition, all steps of calculation were done by MATLAB program. It should be mentioned limiting current and also magnetic, electrical field and edge effect has been considered. As far as, the high current cyclotron with 0.8π mm mrad emittance has been studied and current alters till 10 mA.* *M. Reiser, Theory and Design of Charged Particle Beams (Wiley, New York, 1994), Chapters.3 and 4.

WEPPT026	Cyclotron Injection Tests of High-Intensity H²⁺ Beam	proton, cyclotron, solenoid, emittance	372
	F.S. Labrecque, B.F. Milton BCSI, Vancouver, BC, Canada J.R. Alonso, D. Campo, J.M. Conrad, M. Toups MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA L. Calabretta, L. Celona INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy R. Gutierrez-Martinez, L.A. Winslow UCLA, Los Angeles, USA D. Winklehner NSCL, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
	Funding: Work funded by NSF agency, contract PHY-1148134 The IsoDAR (sterile neutrino) and DAEδALUS (CP-violation in neutrino sector) experiments will use cyclotrons to deliver high intensity (10 mA peak current) proton beams to neutrino-producing targets. To achieve these very high currents, we plan to inject and accelerate molecular H²⁺ ions. To understand high intensity H²⁺ injection into the central region of a compact cyclotron, and to benchmark space-charge dominated simulation studies, central-region tests are being conducted. The first test was completed this summer; a collaboration of MIT, BEST Cyclotrons and INFN-LNS at the BEST shops in Vancouver. The LNS Versatile Ion Source (VIS) was shipped from Catania to Vancouver, and was mounted, along with HV components and first focusing solenoid, on a test bench. In addition to the bench, BEST provided further beam line elements, instrumentation and a test cyclotron magnet for acceleration to no greater than 1 MeV/amu (to avoid any neutron production). Axial injection studies were conducted with a Catania-designed spiral inflector. Experimental configurations, beam characterization measurements, and phase acceptance and buncher efficiency studies will be reported.

WEPPT027	Design of the Injection into the 800 MeV/amu High Power Cyclotron	cyclotron, closed-orbit, septum, simulation	375
	M. Haj Tahar, F. Méot BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA L. Calabretta INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy A. Calanna CSFNSM, Catania, Italy
	Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy. We present the design of the injection line into a separated sector cyclotron (SSC) aimed at the production of a high power beam of 800MeV/amu molecular H²⁺ for ADS-Reactor applications. To work out the beam line parameters and beam dynamics simulations, including the first accelerated turns, we used the ray-tracing code Zgoubi and the OPERA magnetic field map of the cyclotron sector. We simulated the injection path of the H²⁺ and evaluated both radial and vertical injection schemes in order to evaluate the parameters so derived. The paper details and discusses various aspects of that design study and its outcomes. A.Calanna et al., A multi-megawatt ring cyclotron to search for CP violation in the neutrino sector, April 2011, e-Print: arXiv:1104.4985

WEPPT029	The Cyclotron Complex for the DAEδALUS Experiment	cyclotron, acceleration, extraction, simulation	381
	A. Calanna, D. Campo, J.M. Conrad MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA L. Calabretta INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy M. Haj Tahar, F. Méot BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	The cyclotron complex for the DAEδALUS CP-Violation neutrino experiment consists of a compact cyclotron able to accelerate high-current (5 electrical milliamp) H²⁺ beams up to an energy of 60 MeV/amu, cleanly extract this beam with a conventional septum arrangement, and transport it to a superconducting ring cyclotron able to accelerate the beam up to 800 MeV/amu. H²⁺ is dissociated with thin stripping foils for efficient extraction as protons for transport to a megawatt-class target for neutrino production. The injection cyclotron will be similar to the one proposed for the IsoDAR experiment (Paper WEPPT029). The Ring cyclotron is similar in size and engineering concept to the SRC at RIKEN. Space-charge dominated beam dynamics simulations using OPAL have been performed for an 8-sector geometry, and indicate acceptable transmission and low beam losses. Subsequent engineering magnet-design studies of Minervini et al. point to a 6-sector configuration as more practical. Recalculation of the beam dynamics for this new configuration will be performed in the coming year. Results of the studies conducted to date will be presented.

WEPPT030	High Intensity Compact Cyclotron for ISODAR Experiment	cyclotron, vacuum, target, extraction	384
	D. Campo, J.R. Alonso, W.A. Barletta, L.M. Bartoszek, A. Calanna, J.M. Conrad, M. Toups MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA A. Adelmann PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland L. Calabretta, C. Cui, G. Gallo INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy R. Gutierrez-Martinez, L.A. Winslow UCLA, Los Angeles, USA M. Shaevitz Columbia University, New York, USA J.J. Yang CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	IsoDAR is an experiment proposed to look for the existence of sterile neutrinos. These are additional neutrino states beyond the "standard" 3-nu paradigm, are predicted to exist to explain anomalies in several neutrino experiments. In IsoDAR (Isotope Decay At Rest), electron antineutrinos produced in a target ~15 meters from a kiloton-scale detector would oscillate into and out of the sterile state within the extent of the detector, producing a sinusoidal event rate as a function of distance from the target. The nu-e-bar flux arises from decay of 8Li, produced when a high-current beam of protons or deuterons strikes a beryllium target either directly, or via secondary neutrons that interact in a large, ultra-pure 7Li sleeve surrounding the target. A compact Q/A = 0.5 cyclotron with top energy of 60 MeV/amu will be installed underground close to KamLAND. This cyclotron is a prototype for the DAEδALUS cyclotron chain (Paper WEPPT030). With a central field of 1.075T, it will operate in the 4th harmonic. Preliminary designs will be described, as well as possible solutions for transport and assembly of the machine through the very constricted access apertures of the Kamioka mine.

WEPPT031	High Intensity Beam Studies Using the KURRI FFAGs	scattering, emittance, space-charge, synchrotron	387
	S. Machida, C. Gabor, D.J. Kelliher, C.R. Prior, C.T. Rogers, S.L. Sheehy STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom Y. Ishi, J.-B. Lagrange, Y. Mori, T. Uesugi Kyoto University, Research Reactor Institute, Osaka, Japan
	Increasing the repetition rate of FFAG accelerators is one way of obtaining high average beam current. However, in order to achieve beam powers of up to 10 MW for applications like ADSR, the number of particles per bunch has to be approximately the same order in an FFAG as in a high power synchrotron. Collective effects such as space charge then become crucial issues. To understand high current beam behaviour in FFAGs, an international collaboration has been established to carry out an experimental programme using the FFAGs at Kyoto University's Research Reactor Institute, KURRI. The goal is to demonstrate acceleration of high bunch charge and identify the fundamental limitations. In this paper, we will show simulation results toward the first beam experiment which is planned for later in 2013.

WEPSH006	⁶²Zn Radioisotope Production by Cyclotron	target, cyclotron, proton, ion	393
	M. Ghergherehchi, J.-S. Chai, J.-S. Chai SKKU, Suwon, Republic of Korea H. Afarideh AUT, Tehran, Iran
	Natural Cu target was irradiated with proton beam in the energy range of 15 to 30 MeV at a beam current of 100 μA for 15 min. In this irradiation radioisotope of ⁶²Zn produced as a generator and then decay to ⁶²Cu radioisotope. The ⁶²Cu is emitting β+ and known to PET radioisotope. Excitation function of ⁶²Cu via ^natCu (p, 2n) ⁶²Zn, ⁶²Cu and ⁶²Cu (d, 3n) ⁶²Zn reactions were calculated using Alice and Talys codes and then were compared with the reported measurement by experimental data and ENDF-2011 data. Production yield versus target thickness were evaluated with attention to reaction cross section data obtained from Alice and Talys codes, and stopping power and range of protons in target materials using SRIM code. The production yield also examined experimentally and found that the optimum irradiation yield achieved to be 5.9 mci/μAh at protons of 100 μA current and 30 MeV energy. A radiolabeling process also was performed using ⁶²ZnCl₂ and antitumor compound, bleomycin (BLM) as a possible tumor imaging.

WE3PB02	Improvement of the Current Stability from the TRIUMF Cyclotron	cyclotron, TRIUMF, space-charge, focusing	414
	T. Planche, R.A. Baartman, Y.-N. Rao TRIUMF, Canada's National Laboratory for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Vancouver, Canada
	The ν_r=3/2 resonance, driven by the third harmonic of the magnetic gradient errors, causes modulation of the radial beam density in the TRIUMF cyclotron. Since extraction is by H^- stripping, this modulation induces unwanted fluctuations of the current split between the two high-energy beam lines. To compensate field imperfections, the cyclotron has sets of harmonic correction coils at different radii, each set constituted of 6 pairs of coils placed in a 6-fold symmetrical manner. The 6-fold symmetry of this layout cannot create a third harmonic of arbitrary phase, and so a single set of harmonic coils cannot provide a full correction of third harmonic errors driving the ν_r=3/2 resonance. However, the outermost two sets of harmonic correction coils are azimuthally displaced. We took advantage of it to achieve a full correction of the resonance. This greatly improved the beam current stability in the high-energy beam lines. To further improve the current stability in the high-energy beam lines, we implemented an active feedback system. This feedback system acts on the amplitude of the first harmonic Bz correction produced by outermost set of harmonic coils.
	Slides WE3PB02 [1.007 MB]

TH1PB02	Tuning of the PSI 590 MeV Ring Cyclotron for Accepting and Accelerating a Rebunched 72 MeV Proton Beam	cyclotron, proton, extraction, acceleration	437
	J.M. Humbel, C. Baumgarten, J. Grillenberger, W. Joho, H. Muller, H. Zhang PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
	In the past year the production of a 1.42 MW proton beam at a relative loss level of 10^-4 at PSI’s proton facility became routine operation. In addition, the inaugurated buncher based beam injection into the 590 MeV Ringcyclotron made a remarkable step forward. In particular, an almost dispersion free setting of the beamline region around the 500 MHz rebuncher in the 72 MeV transfer line has been established and a perfect matching of the dispersion into the Ringcyclotron has been achieved. This buncher-operation optimized facility setting could be advanced up to the ordinary stable standard 2.2 mA production proton beam. With the buncher voltage turned on, at the moment the beam extracted from the Ringcyclotron is limited to below 1 mA due to raising losses, mainly generated by space charge induced distortions of the beam bunches. For a better understanding of these effects a substantial effort in modelling of the accelerated beam is under way. In particular, the influence of the trim coil fields is being implemented into the OPAL simulation code and the insertion of an additional time structure measurement probe in the Ringcyclotron is proposed.
	Slides TH1PB02 [9.281 MB]

FR2PB01	Construction of the Rare RI Ring at the RIKEN RI Beam Factory	kicker, power-supply, accumulation, cyclotron	477
	M. Wakasugi RIKEN Nishina Center, Wako, Japan
	Construction of the Rare-RI Ring has been started in 2012 at RIKEN RI Beam Factory. This ring is an isochronous storage ring aiming at 1-ppm precision mass measurements for short-lived rare nuclei extremely far from stability line. The beam optics in the ring is defined by simply 24 bending magnets, and half of them are accompanied by ten trim coils to precisely optimize the isochronism of circulating beams. The momentum acceptance, in which the isochronous condition is satisfied within 1-ppm accuracy, is designed to be 1%. Of particular note is the development of the exceptionally-fast response kicker system, which is triggered by the produced RI beam itself to make effective use of extremely rare events. In this paper, we present details of the Rare-RI Ring, the status of the construction, and prospects of the project.
	Slides FR2PB01 [6.694 MB]

Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

MO2PB01

What We Learned from EMMA

acceleration, lattice, resonance, synchrotron

14

S. Machida
STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom

Since the demonstration of acceleration in 2011, the study of EMMA aims for more detailed and quantitative understanding of a linear non-scaling FFAG. The talk will summarise the beam study for the last couple of years which includes effects of resonance crossing, a novel idea of COD correction, etc.

Slides MO2PB01 [8.447 MB]

MO2PB03

Progress Toward the Facility Upgrade for Accelerated Radioactive Beams at Texas A&M

ion, ECRIS, cyclotron, heavy-ion

22

D.P. May, B.T. Roeder, R.E. Tribble
Texas A&M University Cyclotron Institute, College Station, Texas, USA
F.P. Abegglen, G. Chubaryan, H.L. Clark, G.J. Kim, G. Tabacaru
Texas A&M University, Cyclotron Institute, College Station, Texas, USA
J.E. Ärje
JYFL, Jyväskylä, Finland

Funding: U. S. Dept. of Energy Grant DE-FG02-93ER40773
The upgrade project at the Cyclotron Institute of Texas A&M University continues to make substantial progress toward the goal of providing radioactive beams accelerated to intermediate energies by the K500 Cyclotron. The K150, which will function as a driver, is now used extensively to deliver both light and heavy ion beams for experiments. The ion-guide cave for the production and charge-breeding of low-energy radioactive beams has been constructed, and the light-ion guide (LIG) has been commissioned with an internal radioactive source. The charge breeding electron-cyclotron-resonance ion source (CB-ECRIS) has been commissioned with a source of stable 1+ ions, while the injection line leading to the K500 has been commissioned with the injection and acceleration of charge-bred beams. Despite the lack of good field maps, both light and heavy ions beams have been developed for the K150. Progress and plans, including those for the heavy-ion guide (HIG), are presented.

Slides MO2PB03 [9.652 MB]

MOPPT008

Present Status of Cyclotrons (NIRS-930, HM-18) at NIRS

cyclotron, proton, radiation, ion

46

S. Hojo, T. Honma, K. Katagiri, M. Nakao, A. Noda, K. Noda, A. Sugiura
NIRS, Chiba-shi, Japan
A.K. Komiyama, T. Okada, Y. Takahashi
AEC, Chiba, Japan

The cyclotron facility at National Institute of Radiological Science (NIRS) consists of a NIRS-930 cyclotron (Thomson-CSF AVF-930, Kb=110 MeV and Kf=90 MeV) and a small cyclotron HM-18(Sumitomo- Heavy- Industry HM-18). The NIRS-930 has been used for production of short-lived radio-pharmaceuticals for PET, research of physics, developments of particle detectors in space, and so on. The orbit of a beam in the NIRS-930 cyclotron was simulated with integrated approach to modelling of the cyclotron, including calculation of electromagnetic fields of the structural elements. And some improvements such as installation of extracted beam probe, a beam attenuator and a beam viewer in an injection beam line, were performed in the NIRS-930. The HM-18 has been used for production of short-lived radio-pharmaceuticals for PET. It allows us to accelerate H-and D- ion at fixed energies of 18 and 9 MeV, respectively. In order to improve the isochronism, a phase probe has been newly installed in the HM-18. Above improvements and operational status of the cyclotron facility are to be presented in this report.

MOPPT015

Plan of a 70 MeV H⁻ Cyclotron System for the ISOL Driver in the Rare Isotope Science Project

target, cyclotron, ISOL, optics

64

J.-W. Kim, Y. Choi, S. Hong, J.H. Kim
IBS, Daejeon, Republic of Korea

A 70 MeV H⁻ cyclotron system has been planned for the rare isotope science project (RISP) in Korea mainly to be used as ISOL driver. The maximum beam current requested is 1 mA, and the beam will be used for the nuclear and neutron science programs. A commercial cyclotron with two extraction ports is to be installed for the facility, and the beam distribution lines have been designed with consideration of radiation shielding. The injection beam line has been also studied to produce pulsed beams in the range of 0.01-1 MHz for the users of neutron science to utilize the time of flight technique. A chopper and collimator system is thought as a feasible scheme, and beam optics calculation has been performed. The cyclotron is scheduled to produce a first beam for the RISP in 2007.

MOPPT016

Configurable 1 MeV Test Stand Cyclotron for High Intensity Injection System Development

cyclotron, ion-source, ion, diagnostics

67

F.S. Labrecque, F.S. Grillet, B.F. Milton, L. AC. Piazza, W. Stazyk, S.L. Tarrant
BCSI, Vancouver, BC, Canada
J.R. Alonso, D. Campo
MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
L. Calabretta
INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
M.M. Maggiore
INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy

In order to study and optimize the ion source and injection system of our multiple cyclotron products, Best® Cyclotron Systems Inc. (BCSI) has assembled in its Vancouver office a 1 MeV cyclotron development platform. To accommodate different injection line configurations, the main magnet median plane is vertically oriented and rail mounted which also allows easy access to the inner components. In addition, the main magnet central region is equipped with interchangeable magnetic poles, RF elements, and inflector electrodes in order to replicate the features of the simulated cyclotrons. Multiple diagnostic devices are available to fully characterize the beam along the injection line and inside the cyclotron. This paper will describe the design of two system configurations: the 60 MeV H²⁺ for the DAEΔALUS experiment (MIT, BEST, INFN-LNS) and the BCSI 70 MeV H⁻ cyclotron.

MOPPT018

End-to-End 6-D Tracking Using EMMA On-Line Model

kicker, septum, extraction, acceleration

70

F. Méot
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
D.J. Kelliher, S. Machida
STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
B.J.A. Shepherd
STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom

Numerical simulation of 6-dimensional, end-to-end beam transport in the prototype EMMA linear FFAG is presented and discussed. The simulation uses the 3-D OPERA field maps of the 42 cells, including the specific injection and extraction cells. It starts from upstream of the injection septum, and ends downstream of the extraction septum after 10-turn "serpentine" acceleration from 10 to 20 MeV. It includes the time function of the septa and injection and extraction pairs of kickers, and possible stray fields.

MOPPT022

Design of New Superconducting Ring Cyclotron for the RIBF

extraction, cyclotron, ion, ion-source

79

J. Ohnishi, M. Nakamura, H. Okuno
RIKEN Nishina Center, Wako, Japan

At the RIBF, uranium beams are accelerated up to the energy of 345 MeV per nucleon with a RFQ linac, DTL, and four ring cyclotrons (RRC, fRC, IRC, SRC). However, the present beam current of the uranium is 10-15 pnA at the exit of the SRC, still low, because we have to use two charge strippers located upstream and downstream of the fRC to convert the U³⁵⁺ ions extraced from the 28 GHz ECR ion source to U⁶⁴⁺ and U⁸⁶⁺, respectively. Accordingly, in order to increase the beam current more than tenfold, we performed the design study of the new superconducting ring cyclotron with the K-value of 2200 which can accelerate the U³⁵⁺ ions from 11 MeV/u to 48 MeV/u without the first charge stripper. The number of sector magnets is four and the RF frequency is fixed. The maximum magnetic field strength on the beam orbit is 3.2 T, and the superconducting main coils of the dense winding of NbTi and the trim coils of normal-conducting Cu are used. The total weight of the iron yokes is approximately 4800 t. This paper also describes the beam injection and extraction system which includes one superconducting magnetic channel.

MO3PB01

An Inverse Cyclotron for Muon Cooling

extraction, cyclotron, focusing, simulation

97

T.L. Hart, D.J. Summers
UMiss, University, Mississippi, USA

The production of intense high energy muon beams for muon colliders is an active area of interest due to the muon's large mass and pointlike structure. The muon production and the subsequent preparation into a beam are challenging due to the large emittance of the initial beam and the short muon lifetime. Most muon cooling channels being developed are single-pass structures due to the difficulty of injecting large emittance beams into a circular device. Inverse cyclotrons can potentially solve the injection problem using single turn energy loss injection and also reduce the muon beam emittance by a large factor. An end-to-end simulation of an inverse cyclotron for muon cooling is presented performed with G4Beamline, a GEANT-based particle tracking simulation program. Muons are collected in a central trap and then all ejected together.

Slides MO3PB01 [1.747 MB]

MO3PB03

High Gradient Superconducting Cavity Development for FFAG

cavity, proton, extraction, simulation

105

S.V. Kutsaev, Z.A. Conway, P.N. Ostroumov
ANL, Argonne, USA
R.D. Ford, C. Johnstone
PAC, Batavia, Illinois, USA

Funding: This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357
Like the cyclotron, the Fixed Field Alternating Gradient machine (FFAG) is a compact accelerator with variety of applications in industry and medicine. High intensity, fixed-field compact accelerators require enhanced orbit separation to minimize beam losses especially at extraction. In medium energy and compact FFAGs, this requires a total voltage of ~20 MV per turn with continuous wave accelerating gradients of ~10MV/m, which can only be achieved using superconducting accelerating cavities. This high voltage can be generated using 4 superconducting (SC) cavities operating at higher harmonics of the beam revolution, equal to approximately 200 MHz. The cavities and cryomodule are inserted into a 2m straight section of a racetrack-shaped FFAG. However, as with cyclotrons, the FFAG has a large horizontal acceleration aperture presenting a challenging problem for SCRF cavity design. In this work, we present SC cavity design with 50 cm x 1 cm beam apertures, their electrodynamics optimization, and multiphysics analysis. To achieve a 1 mA average beam current, each cavity is powered by two 100 kW RF couplers.

Slides MO3PB03 [2.819 MB]

MO3PB04

Comparison of Superconducting 230 MeV/u Synchro- and Isochronous Cyclotron Designs for Therapy with Cyclinacs

cyclotron, linac, acceleration, ion

108

A. Garonna
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
U. Amaldi, A. Laisné
TERA, Novara, Italy
L. Calabretta, D. Campo
INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy

Funding: This work was funded by the TERA Foundation (Novara, Italy).
This work presents new superconducting compact cyclotron designs for injection in CABOTO, a linac developed by the TERA Foundation delivering C⁶⁺/H²⁺ beams up to 400 MeV/u for ion beam therapy. Two designs are compared in an industrial perspective under the same design constraints and methods: a synchrocyclotron and an isochronous cyclotron, both at the highest possible magnetic field and with an output energy of 230 MeV/u. This energy allows us to use the cyclotron as a stand-alone accelerator for proton therapy. The synchrocyclotron design features a central magnetic field of 5 T and an axisymmetric pole and a constant field index. The beam is injected axially with a spiral inflector. Resonant extraction allows beam ejection with moderate beam losses. The RF system operates in first harmonic (180° Dee), with modulation provided by a large rotating capacitor. The isochronous cyclotron design features a 3.2 T central magnetic field, four sectors and elliptical pole gaps in the hills and in the valleys. Spiraling is minimized and beam ejection is achieved with a single electrostatic deflector placed inside an empty valley. The two RF cavities operate in fourth harmonic.

Slides MO3PB04 [4.314 MB]

MO4PB01

Experimental Study Towards High Beam Power FFAG

acceleration, space-charge, linac, cavity

111

T. Uesugi
Kyoto University, Research Reactor Institute, Osaka, Japan

The FFAG complex at KURRI is not only the first proton FFAG accelerator facility for beam users but the one aiming to have high beam power. The talk will present various efforts to increase beam power for the last few years and systematic strategy in near future toward the space charge limit.

Slides MO4PB01 [6.691 MB]

TUPPT006

The Development of Radial Probe for CYCIAE-100

target, cyclotron, vacuum, controls

165

F.P. Guan, Z.G. Li, C. Wang, L.P. Wen, H.D. Xie, Z.G. Yin, T.J. Zhang
CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China

In the design of CYCIAE-100 beam diagnostics system, three radial probes distribute on the mid plane. These radial probes can be used for beam centering measurement. By blocking beam on five finger target and one stopping block, the radial probe can measure the radial and axial envelope of H⁻ beam at the same time. During beam commissioning, the radial probe can also be used for beam intensity measurement. The changeable probe head design makes it possible to replace the damaged part and optimization of the structure.

TUPPT015

A Center Region Upgrade of the LBNL 88-Inch Cyclotron

cyclotron, ion, ion-source, focusing

186

K. Yoshiki Franzen, J.Y. Benitez, M.K. Covo, A. Hodgkinson, C.M. Lyneis, B. Ninemire, L. Phair, P. Pipersky, M.M. Strohmeier, D.S. Todd
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
D. Leitner
NSCL, East Lansing, Michigan, USA

This paper describes the design and results of an upgraded cyclotron center region in which a mirror field type inflector was replaced by a spiral inflector. The main goals of the design were a) to facilitate injection at higher energies in order to improve transmission efficiency and b) to reduce down-time due to the need of replacing mirror inflector wires which rapidly break when exposed to high beam currents. The design was based on a detailed model of the spiral inflector and matching center region electrodes using AMaze, a 3D finite element suite of codes. Tests showed promising results indicating that the 88-Inch cyclotron will be able to provide a 2.0 pμA beam of 250 MeV 48Ca ions.

TUPSH016

Trim Coil Unbalance of the 88-Inch Cyclotron

cyclotron, ion, power-supply, radiation

254

M. Kireeff Covo, B. Bingham, C.M. Lyneis, B. Ninemire, L. Phair, P. Pipersky, A. Ratti, M.M. Strohmeier, D.S. Todd
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
K.Y. Franzen
Mevion, Littleton, Massachusetts, USA

Funding: Work supported by the Director, Office of Energy Research, Office of High Energy and Nuclear Physics, Nuclear Physics Division of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231.
The 88-inch cyclotron Dee probe shows large losses inside the radius of 20 cm and suggests problems in the ion beam injection. The current of the top and bottom innermost trim coil 1 is unbalanced to study effects of the axial injection displacement. A new beam profile monitor images the ion beam bunches, turn by turn, and the beam center of mass position is measured. The technique allows increasing the beam transmission through the cyclotron.

WEPPT002

Optimizing the Operational Parameters of the SFC by Using PSO Algorithm

extraction, proton, cyclotron, heavy-ion

320

L.T. Shi, H. Hao, P. Jiang
IMP, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China

HIRFL-SFC is a Sector-Focused Cyclotron, which plays an important role in scientific experiments in IMP. In order to orbit correction and single turn extraction, there are 4 groups of harmonic coils in SFC. But we did not have a program to calculate the current of harmonic coils for different ions. In view of this situation, we developed a program (Orbit-PSO) to calculate it. By using the method of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and the code of orbit calculation, we get the parameters for different beam through comparing with the orbit of 7MeV ¹²C⁴⁺. At the same time, we get the injection energy and voltage of Dee for different ions.

WEPPT004

Feasibility Study of Intense Beam Matching at the Spiral Inflector Using Elliptical Solenoid

solenoid, emittance, focusing, space-charge

326

A. Goswami, V.S. Pandit, P. Sing Babu
VECC, Kolkata, India

Simulation results on a spiral inflector for compact cyclotron, indicate that convergent phase ellipses with different orientations in x and y planes and a comparatively smaller width in the y plane gives better beam transmission through the inflector. In order to transform the axisymmetric beam to a non-axisymmetric beam for matching at the entrance of the inflector one needs either an elliptical solenoid or a quadrupole doublet. The injection system of 10MeV-5mA proton cyclotron being developed at VECC consists of a 2.45GHz (80keV) microwave ion source and two solenoids to transport and match the beam at the spiral inflector. Due to space constraint we have planned to use an elliptical solenoid just before the spiral inflector for transverse matching of the beam. In this work the beam optical properties of an elliptical solenoid have been studied, including the effect of space charge. An envelope model based on the canonical description of motion has been developed and utilized to study the feasibility of using an elliptical solenoid for transverse matching of a space charge dominated beam to the acceptance of a spiral inflector.

WEPPT015

Study of Beam Capture in Compact Synchrocyclotron

acceleration, synchrotron, synchro-cyclotron, cyclotron

353

S.A. Kostromin, G.A. Karamysheva, N.A. Morozov, E. Samsonov
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia

Capture efficiency and main aspects of the beam dynamics during first turns and in a period of one synchrotron oscillation were studied in synchrocyclotron with driving magnetic field of ~5 Tesla. Corresponding simulations of the beam motion were done by means of numerical integration of the full equations of motion in the electro-magnetic field of accelerator. Main physical parameters for input data were taken similar to them for IBA S2C2.

WEPPT018

Behavior of Space Charge Dominated Beam Envelope in Central Region of High Current Cyclotron

space-charge, acceleration, simulation, cyclotron

359

R. Azizi, H. Afarideh, V. Afzalan
AUT, Tehran, Iran
J.-S. Chai, M. Ghergherehchi
SKKU, Suwon, Republic of Korea

In this paper the space charge effect in the two first turn after injection has been investigated. In order to determine beam envelopes, two corresponding equations were chosen. In addition, all steps of calculation were done by MATLAB program. It should be mentioned limiting current and also magnetic, electrical field and edge effect has been considered. As far as, the high current cyclotron with 0.8π mm mrad emittance has been studied and current alters till 10 mA.*
*M. Reiser, Theory and Design of Charged Particle Beams (Wiley, New York, 1994), Chapters.3 and 4.

WEPPT026

Cyclotron Injection Tests of High-Intensity H²⁺ Beam

proton, cyclotron, solenoid, emittance

372

F.S. Labrecque, B.F. Milton
BCSI, Vancouver, BC, Canada
J.R. Alonso, D. Campo, J.M. Conrad, M. Toups
MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
L. Calabretta, L. Celona
INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
R. Gutierrez-Martinez, L.A. Winslow
UCLA, Los Angeles, USA
D. Winklehner
NSCL, East Lansing, Michigan, USA

Funding: Work funded by NSF agency, contract PHY-1148134
The IsoDAR (sterile neutrino) and DAEδALUS (CP-violation in neutrino sector) experiments will use cyclotrons to deliver high intensity (10 mA peak current) proton beams to neutrino-producing targets. To achieve these very high currents, we plan to inject and accelerate molecular H²⁺ ions. To understand high intensity H²⁺ injection into the central region of a compact cyclotron, and to benchmark space-charge dominated simulation studies, central-region tests are being conducted. The first test was completed this summer; a collaboration of MIT, BEST Cyclotrons and INFN-LNS at the BEST shops in Vancouver. The LNS Versatile Ion Source (VIS) was shipped from Catania to Vancouver, and was mounted, along with HV components and first focusing solenoid, on a test bench. In addition to the bench, BEST provided further beam line elements, instrumentation and a test cyclotron magnet for acceleration to no greater than 1 MeV/amu (to avoid any neutron production). Axial injection studies were conducted with a Catania-designed spiral inflector. Experimental configurations, beam characterization measurements, and phase acceptance and buncher efficiency studies will be reported.

WEPPT027

Design of the Injection into the 800 MeV/amu High Power Cyclotron

cyclotron, closed-orbit, septum, simulation

375

M. Haj Tahar, F. Méot
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
L. Calabretta
INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
A. Calanna
CSFNSM, Catania, Italy

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
We present the design of the injection line into a separated sector cyclotron (SSC) aimed at the production of a high power beam of 800MeV/amu molecular H²⁺ for ADS-Reactor applications. To work out the beam line parameters and beam dynamics simulations, including the first accelerated turns, we used the ray-tracing code Zgoubi and the OPERA magnetic field map of the cyclotron sector*. We simulated the injection path of the H²⁺ and evaluated both radial and vertical injection schemes in order to evaluate the parameters so derived. The paper details and discusses various aspects of that design study and its outcomes.
* A.Calanna et al., A multi-megawatt ring cyclotron to search for CP violation in the neutrino sector, April 2011, e-Print: arXiv:1104.4985

WEPPT029

The Cyclotron Complex for the DAEδALUS Experiment

cyclotron, acceleration, extraction, simulation

381

A. Calanna, D. Campo, J.M. Conrad
MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
L. Calabretta
INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
M. Haj Tahar, F. Méot
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA

The cyclotron complex for the DAEδALUS CP-Violation neutrino experiment consists of a compact cyclotron able to accelerate high-current (5 electrical milliamp) H²⁺ beams up to an energy of 60 MeV/amu, cleanly extract this beam with a conventional septum arrangement, and transport it to a superconducting ring cyclotron able to accelerate the beam up to 800 MeV/amu. H²⁺ is dissociated with thin stripping foils for efficient extraction as protons for transport to a megawatt-class target for neutrino production. The injection cyclotron will be similar to the one proposed for the IsoDAR experiment (Paper WEPPT029). The Ring cyclotron is similar in size and engineering concept to the SRC at RIKEN. Space-charge dominated beam dynamics simulations using OPAL have been performed for an 8-sector geometry, and indicate acceptable transmission and low beam losses. Subsequent engineering magnet-design studies of Minervini et al. point to a 6-sector configuration as more practical. Recalculation of the beam dynamics for this new configuration will be performed in the coming year. Results of the studies conducted to date will be presented.

WEPPT030

High Intensity Compact Cyclotron for ISODAR Experiment

cyclotron, vacuum, target, extraction

384

D. Campo, J.R. Alonso, W.A. Barletta, L.M. Bartoszek, A. Calanna, J.M. Conrad, M. Toups
MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
A. Adelmann
PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
L. Calabretta, C. Cui, G. Gallo
INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
R. Gutierrez-Martinez, L.A. Winslow
UCLA, Los Angeles, USA
M. Shaevitz
Columbia University, New York, USA
J.J. Yang
CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China

IsoDAR is an experiment proposed to look for the existence of sterile neutrinos. These are additional neutrino states beyond the "standard" 3-nu paradigm, are predicted to exist to explain anomalies in several neutrino experiments. In IsoDAR (Isotope Decay At Rest), electron antineutrinos produced in a target ~15 meters from a kiloton-scale detector would oscillate into and out of the sterile state within the extent of the detector, producing a sinusoidal event rate as a function of distance from the target. The nu-e-bar flux arises from decay of 8Li, produced when a high-current beam of protons or deuterons strikes a beryllium target either directly, or via secondary neutrons that interact in a large, ultra-pure 7Li sleeve surrounding the target. A compact Q/A = 0.5 cyclotron with top energy of 60 MeV/amu will be installed underground close to KamLAND. This cyclotron is a prototype for the DAEδALUS cyclotron chain (Paper WEPPT030). With a central field of 1.075T, it will operate in the 4th harmonic. Preliminary designs will be described, as well as possible solutions for transport and assembly of the machine through the very constricted access apertures of the Kamioka mine.

WEPPT031

High Intensity Beam Studies Using the KURRI FFAGs

scattering, emittance, space-charge, synchrotron

387

S. Machida, C. Gabor, D.J. Kelliher, C.R. Prior, C.T. Rogers, S.L. Sheehy
STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
Y. Ishi, J.-B. Lagrange, Y. Mori, T. Uesugi
Kyoto University, Research Reactor Institute, Osaka, Japan

Increasing the repetition rate of FFAG accelerators is one way of obtaining high average beam current. However, in order to achieve beam powers of up to 10 MW for applications like ADSR, the number of particles per bunch has to be approximately the same order in an FFAG as in a high power synchrotron. Collective effects such as space charge then become crucial issues. To understand high current beam behaviour in FFAGs, an international collaboration has been established to carry out an experimental programme using the FFAGs at Kyoto University's Research Reactor Institute, KURRI. The goal is to demonstrate acceleration of high bunch charge and identify the fundamental limitations. In this paper, we will show simulation results toward the first beam experiment which is planned for later in 2013.

WEPSH006

⁶²Zn Radioisotope Production by Cyclotron

target, cyclotron, proton, ion

393

M. Ghergherehchi, J.-S. Chai, J.-S. Chai
SKKU, Suwon, Republic of Korea
H. Afarideh
AUT, Tehran, Iran

Natural Cu target was irradiated with proton beam in the energy range of 15 to 30 MeV at a beam current of 100 μA for 15 min. In this irradiation radioisotope of ⁶²Zn produced as a generator and then decay to ⁶²Cu radioisotope. The ⁶²Cu is emitting β+ and known to PET radioisotope. Excitation function of ⁶²Cu via ^natCu (p, 2n) ⁶²Zn, ⁶²Cu and ⁶²Cu (d, 3n) ⁶²Zn reactions were calculated using Alice and Talys codes and then were compared with the reported measurement by experimental data and ENDF-2011 data. Production yield versus target thickness were evaluated with attention to reaction cross section data obtained from Alice and Talys codes, and stopping power and range of protons in target materials using SRIM code. The production yield also examined experimentally and found that the optimum irradiation yield achieved to be 5.9 mci/μAh at protons of 100 μA current and 30 MeV energy. A radiolabeling process also was performed using ⁶²ZnCl₂ and antitumor compound, bleomycin (BLM) as a possible tumor imaging.

WE3PB02

Improvement of the Current Stability from the TRIUMF Cyclotron

cyclotron, TRIUMF, space-charge, focusing

414

T. Planche, R.A. Baartman, Y.-N. Rao
TRIUMF, Canada's National Laboratory for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Vancouver, Canada

The ν_r=3/2 resonance, driven by the third harmonic of the magnetic gradient errors, causes modulation of the radial beam density in the TRIUMF cyclotron. Since extraction is by H^- stripping, this modulation induces unwanted fluctuations of the current split between the two high-energy beam lines. To compensate field imperfections, the cyclotron has sets of harmonic correction coils at different radii, each set constituted of 6 pairs of coils placed in a 6-fold symmetrical manner. The 6-fold symmetry of this layout cannot create a third harmonic of arbitrary phase, and so a single set of harmonic coils cannot provide a full correction of third harmonic errors driving the ν_r=3/2 resonance. However, the outermost two sets of harmonic correction coils are azimuthally displaced. We took advantage of it to achieve a full correction of the resonance. This greatly improved the beam current stability in the high-energy beam lines. To further improve the current stability in the high-energy beam lines, we implemented an active feedback system. This feedback system acts on the amplitude of the first harmonic Bz correction produced by outermost set of harmonic coils.

Slides WE3PB02 [1.007 MB]

TH1PB02

Tuning of the PSI 590 MeV Ring Cyclotron for Accepting and Accelerating a Rebunched 72 MeV Proton Beam

cyclotron, proton, extraction, acceleration

437

J.M. Humbel, C. Baumgarten, J. Grillenberger, W. Joho, H. Muller, H. Zhang
PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland

In the past year the production of a 1.42 MW proton beam at a relative loss level of 10^-4 at PSI’s proton facility became routine operation. In addition, the inaugurated buncher based beam injection into the 590 MeV Ringcyclotron made a remarkable step forward. In particular, an almost dispersion free setting of the beamline region around the 500 MHz rebuncher in the 72 MeV transfer line has been established and a perfect matching of the dispersion into the Ringcyclotron has been achieved. This buncher-operation optimized facility setting could be advanced up to the ordinary stable standard 2.2 mA production proton beam. With the buncher voltage turned on, at the moment the beam extracted from the Ringcyclotron is limited to below 1 mA due to raising losses, mainly generated by space charge induced distortions of the beam bunches. For a better understanding of these effects a substantial effort in modelling of the accelerated beam is under way. In particular, the influence of the trim coil fields is being implemented into the OPAL simulation code and the insertion of an additional time structure measurement probe in the Ringcyclotron is proposed.

Slides TH1PB02 [9.281 MB]

FR2PB01

Construction of the Rare RI Ring at the RIKEN RI Beam Factory

kicker, power-supply, accumulation, cyclotron

477

M. Wakasugi
RIKEN Nishina Center, Wako, Japan

Construction of the Rare-RI Ring has been started in 2012 at RIKEN RI Beam Factory. This ring is an isochronous storage ring aiming at 1-ppm precision mass measurements for short-lived rare nuclei extremely far from stability line. The beam optics in the ring is defined by simply 24 bending magnets, and half of them are accompanied by ten trim coils to precisely optimize the isochronism of circulating beams. The momentum acceptance, in which the isochronous condition is satisfied within 1-ppm accuracy, is designed to be 1%. Of particular note is the development of the exceptionally-fast response kicker system, which is triggered by the produced RI beam itself to make effective use of extremely rare events. In this paper, we present details of the Rare-RI Ring, the status of the construction, and prospects of the project.

Slides FR2PB01 [6.694 MB]