IPAC2013 - List of Keywords (injection)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOXBB101	Challenges facing High Power Proton Accelerators	linac, proton, ion, rfq	1
	M.A. Plum ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
	Funding: ORNL/SNS is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. This presentation will provide an overview of the challenges and experiences of high power proton accelerators such as SNS, J-PARC, etc. and what we have learned from experiences and how to mitigate beam losses.
	Slides MOXBB101 [6.734 MB]

MOYAB101	The First Years of LHC Operation for Luminosity Production	luminosity, proton, emittance, feedback	6
	M. Lamont CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	A summary of the first 3 years of LHC operation is presented with a discussion on the performance ramp-up, operation efficiencies and system reliability. The main contributory factors to peak and integrated luminosity performance are outlined.
	Slides MOYAB101 [12.139 MB]

MOYBB101	Review of Laser Wakefield Accelerators	electron, laser, plasma, wakefield	11
	V. Malka LOA, Palaiseau, France
	Funding: European Research Council for funding the PARIS ERC project (Contract No. 226424). EC FP7 LASERLABEUROPE/ LAPTECH (Contract No. 228334) EuCARD/ANAC, EC FP7 (Contract No. 227579) This review talk will highlight the tremendous evolution of the research on laser wakefield accelerators* that has, in record time, led to the production of high quality electron beams beyond the GeV level, using compact laser systems. I will describe the path we followed to explore different injection schemes (bubble, colliding laser pulses, injection in gradient, longitudinal and transverse, ionisation injection) and I will present the most significant breakthroughs which allowed to generate stable, high peak current and high quality electron beams, with control of the charge, of the relative energy spread and of the electron energy. Modelling and experimental results will be as well reported with examples of applications*. V. Malka, Physics of Plasmas 19, 055501 (2012) ** V. Malka et al., Nature Physics 4, 447 (2008)
	Slides MOYBB101 [14.550 MB]

MOODB201	Proton-nucleus Collisions in the LHC	luminosity, proton, heavy-ion, ion	49
	J.M. Jowett, R. Alemany-Fernandez, P. Baudrenghien, D. Jacquet, M. Lamont, D. Manglunki, S. Redaelli, M. Sapinski, M. Schaumann, M. Solfaroli Camillocci, R. Tomás, J.A. Uythoven, D. Valuch, R. Versteegen, J. Wenninger CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Following the high integrated luminosity accumulated in the first two Pb-Pb collision runs in 2010 and 2011, the LHC heavy-ion physics community requested a first run with p-Pb collisions. This almost unprecedented mode of collider operation was not foreseen in the baseline design of the LHC whose two-in-one magnet design imposed equal rigidity and, hence, unequal revolution frequencies, during injection and ramp. Nevertheless, after a successful pilot physics fill in 2012, the LHC provided 31 nb^-1 of p-Pb luminosity per experiment, at an energy of 5.02 TeV per colliding nucleon pair, with several variations of the operating conditions, in early 2013. Together with a companion p-p run at 2.76 TeV, this was the last physics before the present long shutdown. We summarise the beam physics, operational adaptations and strategy that resulted in extremely rapid commissioning. Finally, we give an account of the progress of the run and provide an analysis of the performance.
	Slides MOODB201 [6.547 MB]

MOODB203	vSTORM Facility Design and Simulation	target, proton, optics, dipole	55
	A. Liu, A.D. Bross, D.V. Neuffer Fermilab, Batavia, USA S.-Y. Lee Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
	Funding: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory A facility producing neutrinos from muons that decay in a storage ring can provide an extremely well understood neutrino beam for oscillation physics and the search for sterile neutrinos. The "neutrinos from STORed Muons"(nuSTORM) facility is based on this idea. The facility includes a target station with secondary particle collection, pion transfer line, pion injection, and a ~3.8 GeV/c muon storage ring. No muon cooling or RF sub-systems are required. The injection scenario for nuSTORM avoids the use of a separate pion decay channel and fast kickers. This paper reports a detailed description of the proposed injection scheme with full G4beamline simulations. We also present progresses on possible design options for a muon racetrack decay ring.
	Slides MOODB203 [14.079 MB]

MOPEA001	Status of the Australian Synchrotron Top-Up Operations	storage-ring, synchrotron, linac, diagnostics	58
	M.J. Boland, R.T. Dowd, G. LeBlanc, D.C. McGilvery, D. Morris, Y.E. Tan, J. Trewhella, D. Zhu, E.D. van Garderen ASCo, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
	In May 2012 the Australian Synchrotron commenced Top-Up Operations for User beamtime. The facility was designed for top-up from the start with a full energy 3 GeV injection system, however top-up only became a priority once the beamline user community had established itself at the new facility in operation since April 2007. New beam diagnostic and equipment protections systems were implemented as part of the move to top-up, including a new injection efficiency monitoring system. The effect of top-up on the beamline data was also tested with each beamline prior to engaging top-up during user runs. Top-up has now been running successfully for one year and the performance statistics from this period will be presented. Top-up operations is a very popular standard mode for user beam and falling into decay mode is now treated almost as a beam dump.

MOPEA002	1.5 GeV Low Energy Mode for the Australian Synchrotron	storage-ring, booster, extraction, synchrotron	61
	R. Clarken, M.J. Boland, Y.E. Tan ASCo, Clayton, Victoria, Australia J.S. Hughes, K.P. Wootton The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
	The Australian Synchrotron injection system and storage ring have been retuned to 1.5 GeV for use in special operations and machine development modes. The systems were designed for 3 GeV user operations but for certain research a lower energy of 1.5 GeV is advantageous. A description of how the new low energy mode was achieved is given, including extraction on the fly from the booster synchrotron and scaling of the storage ring lattice.

MOPEA006	Operation and Performance Upgrade of the SOLEIL Storage Ring	feedback, vacuum, power-supply, dipole	73
	A. Nadji, F. Bouvet, P. Brunelle, A. Buteau, L. Cassinari, M.-E. Couprie, N. Hubert, M. Labat, J.-F. Lamarre, P. Lebasque, A. Lestrade, A. Loulergue, P. Marchand, J.L. Marlats, L.S. Nadolski, R. Nagaoka, M.-A. Tordeux SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
	SOLEIL delivers photons to 26 beamlines and 3 new ones are under construction together with the femtoslicing project. Up to 5 filling patterns are available for the users including a low alpha mode; all of them are in Top-up injection. The beam current for the users has been increased to 430 mA in the multibunch mode. The Storage Ring (SR) is running with a new optics incorporating an additional quadrupole triplet in one long straight section. The beam position stability remains excellent. Vertical positions from the dipole X-BPMs have been included in the orbit feedbacks loop with very encouraging results. A feedback loop maintaining the emittance coupling close to 1% for any Insertion Devices (IDs) configuration has been implemented. Up to 25 very diverse IDs are now installed on the SR, and several others are under design or construction. In house developments are being carried out in several domains such as construction of SR dipole power supply spare and of 70 kW-500 MHz solid state amplifiers, design of a pulsed multipole magnet for injection, and a Robinson wiggler, as well as a feasibility study of a local reduction of the emittance in one of the long straight sections.

MOPEA008	A Low-Emittance Lattice for the ESRF	lattice, sextupole, emittance, dipole	79
	L. Farvacque, N. Carmignani, J. Chavanne, A. Franchi, G. Le Bec, S.M. Liuzzo, B. Nash, T.P. Perron, P. Raimondi ESRF, Grenoble, France
	In the framework of its upgrade, the ESRF is looking at a new lattice for replacing the present Double Bend Achromat structure. This new lattice must have the same length and periodicity as the present one and keep the beamline source points unchanged. We will describe our design of an 844 m long lattice based on a 7-bend achromat. It is optimized for minimising the operation costs, in particular the wall-plug power, provides a large dynamic aperture allowing off-axis injection with the present ESRF injector, and gives an horizontal emittance of less than 200 pm at 6 GeV, thus considerably improving the brilliance and transverse coherence of the ESRF.

MOPEA013	Radioactive Beam Accumulation for a Storage Ring Experiment with an Internal Target	target, electron, ion, kicker	91
	F. Nolden, C. Dimopoulou, R. Grisenti, C.M. Kleffner, S.A. Litvinov, W. Maier, C. Peschke, P. Petri, U. Popp, M. Steck, H. Weick, D.F.A. Winters, T. Ziglasch GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
	A radioactive ⁵⁶Ni beam was successfully accumulated for an experiment with an internal hydrogen target at the storage ring ESR of GSI, Germany. The radioactive beam was produced and separated at the GSI fragment separator from a stable ⁵⁸Ni beam. About 6·10⁴ ⁵⁶Ni ions were injected into the ESR on a high relative momentum orbit. The beam was subjected to stochastic cooling, bunched and transported to a low relative momentum orbit where it was neither disturbed by the field of the partial aperture injection kicker nor by the fields of the stochastic cooling kickers. Slightly below this deposition momentum, the beam was accumulated and continuously cooled by means of electron cooling. For each experiment with internal hydrogen target, about 80 shots were injected consecutively, leading to a stored beam of roughly 5·10⁶ particles.

MOPEA027	New Optics with Emittance Reduction at the SPring-8 Storage Ring	optics, emittance, photon, sextupole	133
	Y. Shimosaki, K. Fukami, K.K. Kaneki, K. Kobayashi, M. Masaki, C. Mitsuda, T. Nakamura, T. Nakanishi, H. Ohkuma, M. Oishi, M. Shoji, K. Soutome, S. Takano, M. Takao JASRI/SPring-8, Hyogo-ken, Japan
	The machine tuning of a new optics is in progress at the SPring-8 storage ring, in order not only to provide brilliant photons for current users but also to study a strategy of a lattice design and a tuning scenario for the upgrade project SPring-8 II. The natural emittance is reduced to 2.4 nmrad from the present value of 3.4 nmrad without any change of magnet positions. The flux density 1.3 times higher than the present was observed at the diagnostics beamline. The nominal injection efficiency of the order of 80 % has been achieved (the present: 92 %) by correcting the error of the optics function, by adjusting the strength of the injection magnets and by optimizing the sextupole magnetic fields. The beam lifetime was 13 h at 1 mA / bunch (the present: 22 h), and the momentum aperture estimated from the measurement of the Touschek lifetime was 2.3 % (the present: 2.8 %). Though these are tolerable to the user operation, further optimization of the sextupoles is ongoing. After verifying the photon beam performance at beamlines, this new optics will be applied to the user operation. The optics design and its beam performance will be presented in detail.

MOPEA028	Present Status of the KEK PF-Ring and PF-AR	undulator, polarization, photon, linac	136
	K. Tsuchiya, S. Asaoka, K. Haga, K. Harada, T. Honda, Y. Honda, M. Isawa, Y. Kamiya, T. Miyajima, H. Miyauchi, S. Nagahashi, N. Nakamura, T. Nogami, T. Obina, T. Ozaki, H. Sagehashi, H. Sakai, S. Sakanaka, H. Sasaki, Y. Sato, M. Shimada, K. Shinoe, T. Shioya, M. Tadano, T. Tahara, T. Takahashi, R. Takai, Y. Tanimoto, T. Uchiyama, A. Ueda, K. Umemori, M. Yamamoto KEK, Ibaraki, Japan H. Takaki ISSP/SRL, Chiba, Japan
	In KEK, two synchrotron light sources have been operated. One is the 2.5 GeV Photon Factory storage ring (PF-ring) and the other is the 6.5 GeV Photon Factory advanced ring (PF-AR). In this paper, present operational status and recent R&D activities such as fast local bump system for helicity switching undulator, hybrid injection system, pulsed-sextupole injection, etc. Futhermore, upgrade plan towards the top-up injection of 6.5 GeV PF-AR ring is underway. Construction of the straight injection tunnel from linac to PF-AR will be started next fiscal year. Design detail and strategy for the injection scheme will be reported.

MOPEA029	Status of UVSOR III	undulator, vacuum, sextupole, quadrupole	139
	T. Konomi, M. Adachi, K. Hayashi, M. Katoh, J. Yamazaki UVSOR, Okazaki, Japan M. Adachi, M. Katoh Sokendai - Okazaki, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
	UVSOR-III is the 750 MeV synchrotron light source. In 2012, three new components were installed in the storage ring. First one is combined function bending magnets to reduce the emittance from 27 nm-rad to 17 nm-rad. These magnets can produce dipole, quadrupole and sextupole fields at the same time. Second ones are an in-vacuum undulator and a beam line. It was installed at 1.5 m straight section, which is the last section reserved for insertion devices. As a result, UVSOR-III is now equipped with six undulators. It would provide soft X-rays to a scanning transmission X-ray microscope (STXM) beam-line. Last one is a newly designed pulse sextupole magnet at the injection point. This is beneficial to the user experiments in the top-up operation mode. Fine machine tuning is in progress.

MOPEA030	Status of UVSOR-III	undulator, vacuum, cavity, sextupole	142
	N. Yamamoto Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan T. Konomi UVSOR, Okazaki, Japan
	Construction of the Central Japan Synchrotron Radiation (SR) Facility has been completed in the Aichi area of Japan, and the beam commissioning was started in Spring of 2012. Up to now, it is confirmed that the 1.2 GeV storage ring works with 300 mA Top-up mode. The key equipments of the accelerators are a compact electron storage ring with the ability to supply hard X-rays and full energy injectors for the top-up operation. The accelerators consist of an electron storage ring, a booster synchrotron ring, and an injector linac. In this prezentation, the present status of the accelerators are reported.

MOPEA045	Performance Optimization and Upgrade of the SSRF Storage Ring	storage-ring, emittance, optics, cavity	178
	Z.T. Zhao, B.C. Jiang, Y.B. Leng, S.Q. Tian, L. Yin, W.Z. Zhang SINAP, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
	The SSRF storage ring achieved its design performance goal in 2008, in the following years its performance was optimized and improved, including implementing top-up operation and low emittance lattice configuration as well as other attempts like fast orbit feedback and low alpha mode. In order to meet the requirements of accommodating more beamlines and high demanding performance in its phase-II beamline project, the SSRF storage ring is being upgraded with a design based on superbend based lattice and a third harmonic RF cavity system. This paper presents the main optimization works and the upgrade design considerations on the SSRF storage ring performance.

MOPEA046	Solaris Project Progress	storage-ring, linac, vacuum, klystron	181
	A.I. Wawrzyniak, C.J. Bocchetta, P.B. Borowiec, D. Einfeld, P.P. Goryl, M. Młynarczyk, R. Nietubyć, M.P. Nowak, W. Soroka, M.J. Stankiewicz, P. Szostak, P.S. Tracz, Ł. Walczak, K. Wawrzyniak, J.J. Wiechecki, M. Zając, L. Żytniak Solaris, Kraków, Poland D. Einfeld MAX-lab, Lund, Sweden R. Nietubyć NCBJ, Świerk/Otwock, Poland
	Funding: Work supported by the European Regional Development Fund within the frame of the Innovative Economy Operational Program:POIG.02.01.00-12-213/09 Solaris is a 3rd generation light source facility being built in Kraków, Poland at the Jagiellonian University Campus. The project is being accomplished in a tight collaboration with the MAX IV Laboratory in Lund, Sweden. The Solaris 1.5 GeV storage ring is a replica of the MAX IV 1.5 GeV machine, whereas the injector and the transfer line although based on the same components, are unique for Solaris. One of the main differences is the 600 MeV injection energy requiring an energy ramp in the storage ring to the final operating energy of 1.5 GeV. The construction of the facility started in early 2010 and is planned to be finished in the autumn 2014. Up to now, 70% of the components have been procured and construction of the buildings in progress with expected handover in autumn 2013. This paper will give an update on infrastructure progress and design choices for shielding, service area placement of racks and routing of piping and cables. An update is also presented of machine layout that includes the injector, transfer line and storage ring.

MOPEA049	The First Experience of PLS-II Operation	linac, storage-ring, lattice, insertion	190
	S.H. Nam, M.-H. Cho, J.Y. Huang, C.D. Park, S. Shin PAL, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea
	Funding: Mministry of Education, Science and Technology (MEST) of Korea One of recent major activities of the Pohang Accelerator Laboratory (PAL) in Korea has been PLS-II user operation. The PLS-II is a Korea’s only and brand new 3rd generation synchrotron radiation source that was upgraded from the 16-year-old PLS in 2011. The old PLS started user service from 1995 and shutdown on Dec. 10, 2010. The PLS-II has been open to users from March 2012 with upgraded performance. The performance parameters of the PLS-II are 5.8 nm-rad emittance, 3.0GeV beam energy, and 400mA beam current with the top-up injection. The unique feature of PLS-II will be the implementation of 20 insertion-devices in a compact double-bend-achromat storage ring of 280m-long circumference. Among 20 insertion-devices, 14 are in-vacuum undulators. The first year operation in 2012 will be successfully completed and the operational statistics will be summarized and discussed.

MOPEA060	Design of Low Momentum Compaction Lattices for the TPS Storage Ring	lattice, emittance, sextupole, dipole	217
	C.-C. Kuo, H.-J. Tsai NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	The nominal bunch length is around 10 ps rms in the Taiwan Photon Source (TPS), which is currently under construction. To further reduce bunch length to a few ps rms range, low momentum compaction factor configurations (low alpha), i.e., quasi-isochronous machines, are designed. The beam dynamics issues of the TPS low alpha lattices are reported.

MOPEA061	Operation Experience at Taiwan Light Source	kicker, SRF, cavity, diagnostics	220
	Y.-C. Liu, H.H. Chen, H.C. Chen, S. Fann, S.J. Huang, J.A. Li, C.C. Liang, Y.K. Lin, Y.-H. Lin, M.-S. Yeh NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	A matrix structure has been implemented for the purpose of successful operation of TLS and continuous progress of Taiwan Photon Source (TPS) construction. A dedicated and flexible manpower distribution has proven it could keep as same performance of TLS operation as possible. We will summarize the machine operation experience at TLS during TPS civil construction period.

MOPEA063	The First Results of the NESTOR Commissioning	storage-ring, dipole, electron, focusing	225
	A.Y. Zelinsky, V.P. Androsov, O. Bezditko, V.N. Boriskin, P. Gladkikh, A.N. Gordienko, V.A. Grevtsev, A. Gvozd, V.E. Ivashchenko, A.A. Kalamayko, I.I. Karnaukhov, I.M. Karnaukhov, D. Korzhov, V.P. Kozin, V.A. Kushnir, V.P. Lyashchenko, M.P. Maksim, V.S. Margin, N.I. Mocheshnikov, V.V. Mytrochenko, A. Mytsykov, F.A. Peev, O.V. Ryezayev, V.P. Sergienko, A.A. Shcherbakov, S. Sheyko, V.L. Skirda, Y.N. Telegin, V.I. Trotsenko, O.P. Zolochevskij, O.D. Zvonarjova NSC/KIPT, Kharkov, Ukraine
	In the paper the first results of the NESTOR facility are presented. 60 MeV electron linac injector has been tested and the first electron beam with project parameters was registered at the screen monitors. Electron beam was passed through the transportation channel and injection system. As a result, the first turn of the storage ring was closed.

MOPEA066	Investigation and Test of the Possibility of Reducing the Emittance of the Diamond Storage Ring	emittance, optics, lattice, wiggler	234
	B. Singh, M. Apollonio, R. Bartolini, E.C. Longhi Diamond, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom R. Bartolini, T. Pulampong JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom
	Theoretical and experimental studies have been carried out at the Diamond Light Source to assess the possibility of reducing the emittance of the existing storage ring by means of a change to the optics. The optics solutions obtained so far using a Multi Objective Genetic Algorithm (MOGA) increase the dispersion and the horizontal beta function in the straight section. While the emittance can be reduced to 2.1 nm this optics is limited by the operation of high field superconducting wiggler devices. In this report we present details of the new optics and present results of practical tests. We also compare the theoretical emittance growth due to a wiggler in a dispersive region with test results.

MOPEA069	Tuning of the Injector System to Match Possible Lattice Upgrades at Diamond Light Source	linac, booster, lattice, storage-ring	243
	C. Christou, R. Bartolini, J. Kay Diamond, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom R. Bartolini JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom
	Studies of novel lattice upgrades for Diamond Light Source to achieve an increase in the number of insertion devices and/or a lower natural emittance are underway (as reported elsewhere at this conference). Such upgrades if carried out progressively would result in successive reductions in storage ring circumference. To maintain synchronous injection then requires the injector system to operate at various frequencies to match these changes. This paper describes the tests carried out with beam, to prove that the injector system of Linac and full energy Booster can be tuned over an extended frequency range.

MOPEA070	Operating the Diamond Light Source in Low Alpha Mode for Users	lattice, factory, optics, electron	246
	I.P.S. Martin, R. Bartolini, G. Cinque, G. Rehm, C.A. Thomas Diamond, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom R. Bartolini JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom
	Since its first introduction in April 2009, the low alpha operational mode has been continually refined in order to best meet the needs of the user community. Initially the optics were used only to generate short x-ray pulses, for which a stable, low emittance, single bunch was requested, with the emphasis placed on increased bunch charge over shortest absolute pulse duration. More recently, the optics have been adapted to enhance the CSR gain in the THz region of the electromagnetic spectrum. In this paper we summarise the work carried out in order to meet these two demands.

MOPEA072	Recent Improvement of the APS Booster Synchrotron	booster, lattice, emittance, synchrotron	252
	C. Yao, R. Laird, V. Sajaev, N. Sereno, H. Shang, J. Wang, S. Xu ANL, Argonne, USA
	Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, under Contract No. DE-ACO2-O6CH11357. The APS booster injector is a 7-GeV electron synchrotron. Several improvements have been implemented in the booster area, including the development of the 92-nm low emittance lattice, upgrading the ramp current readback ADC, and development of a new firing card for the main ramp supplies. Recently we have completed the commissioning of the low emittance lattice and it is now APS operational lattice. Combined with improvement in the optimization in the storage ring lattice and injection, we have achieved close to 100% storage ring injection efficiency. This report presents the improvements and measured beam parameters and the measured performance of the ramp control.

MOPEA074	Lattice Studies for a Potential Soft X-ray Diffraction Limited Upgrade of the ALS	lattice, emittance, brightness, scattering	258
	C. Steier, J.M. Byrd, R.W. Falcone, S.D. Kevan, D. Robin, C. Sun, H. Tarawneh, W. Wan LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
	Funding: The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The Advanced Light Source (ALS) at Berkeley Lab has seen many upgrades over the years, keeping it one of the brightest sources for soft x-rays worldwide. Recent developments in magnet technology and lattice design (multi bend achromat lattices) appear to open the door for very large further increases in brightness, particularly by reducing the horizontal emittance, even within the space constraints of the existing tunnel. Initial studies yielded candidate lattices which approach the soft x-ray diffraction limit (around 2 keV) in both planes within the ALS footprint.

MOPEA080	Status of the NSLS-II Injector	booster, linac, storage-ring, kicker	273
	T.V. Shaftan, A. Blednykh, E.B. Blum, W.X. Cheng, J. Choi, L.R. Dalesio, M.A. Davidsaver, J.H. De Long, R.P. Fliller, G. Ganetis, F. Gao, A. Goel, W. Guo, K. Ha, R. Heese, H.-C. Hseuh, M.P. Johanson, B.N. Kosciuk, S. Kowalski, S.L. Kramer, Y. Li, W. Louie, S. Ozaki, D. Padrazo, J. Rose, S. Seletskiy, S.K. Sharma, G. Shen, O. Singh, V.V. Smaluk, Y. Tian, K. Vetter, W.H. Wahl, G.M. Wang, F.J. Willeke, X. Yang, L.-H. Yu, P. Zuhoski BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	We discuss the current status and plans for developing the NSLS-II injector. The latter consists of a 200 MeV linac, a 3-GeV booster, transport lines and the storage ring injection straight section. The system design and installation are complete. Last year we concluded 200-MeV linac commissioning and are planning to commission the 3 GeV booster during summer of 2013.

MOPFI010	Initial Beam Loss and Control of Dynamic Vacuum Effects in SIS18	ion, collimation, vacuum, synchrotron	300
	Y. El-Hayek FIAS, Frankfurt am Main, Germany M.M. Kirk, D. Ondreka, P.J. Spiller GSI, Darmstadt, Germany U. Ratzinger IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
	To stabilize the dynamic pressure in the SIS18, the systematic initial beam loss must be minimized. Beam Particles, which are lost on the vaccum chamber cause a local pressure increase. Thereby the collision rate between beam ions and residual gas particles and consequently beam loss by ionization is enhanced. The reduction and control of beam loss in the injection channel, during multiturn injection and during the Rf capture process has an outstanding importance for the vacuum dynamics. One way to minimize the initial losses in the synchrotron is to displace the beam loss into the transfer channel (TK) between UNILAC and SIS. In the transfer channel, the beam edges are trimmed by means of a collimator system and a sharply defined phase space area can be injected into SIS18. The effect of reduced initial beam loss on the vaccum dynamics is presented.

MOPFI011	Construction and First Tests of the New Injection System for the Linac II at DESY	linac, electron, gun, positron	303
	C. Liebig, M. Hüning, M. Schmitz DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	For the Linac II, which supplies the accelerator chain at DESY with electrons and positrons, a new injection system is planned. It is supposed to ensure reliable operation and to avoid the beam loss of about 60% at energies up to 400 MeV and the associated activation. The function of the injector components, the entire injection system and the acceleration in the linac sections were optimized in simulations. The main components are a 6 A/100 kV triode gun, buncher and a dispersive section for energy collimation. The output energy is 5 MeV and the beam pulse length can be chosen from 5 ns to 50 ns. The new buncher structure is a hybrid of a standing wave and traveling wave structure and allows a compact design and good electron capture. One of two assembled structures has been tuned and completed a test rig in the linac tunnel. In this test system detailed analysis of its properties is in progress as well as minor corrections like alignment and improvements of reliability. The final installation is going to take place from September 2013. First experimental analysis compared to simulation results will be presented.

MOPFI028	Physical Design Progress of an 800 MeV High Power Proton Driver	extraction, cyclotron, space-charge, acceleration	342
	J.J. Yang, Shizhong. An, M. Li, T.J. Zhang, J.Q. Zhong CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	We presented the conceptual design of an 800 MeV high power proton ring cyclotron in the paper[1] . A more detailed physical design was carried out since then. The most challenging issues regarding the high power operation, including the space charge effects and beam loss during the extraction, are quantitatively studied by using state-of-the-art high performance computation technique. On that basis the fundamental structure of the cyclotron is adjusted and optimized so as to meet the requirements of MW-class operation. Reference: [1] T. Zhang, J. Yang, M. Li, et. al., Conceptual design of an 800 MeV high power proton driver, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 269(24) (2011) 2964-2967

MOPFI030	Study of the Beam Injection and Extraction of the Proton Irradiation Accelerator	proton, extraction, kicker, synchrotron	348
	Y.W. An, H.F. Ji, S. Wang IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	The proton irradiation accelerator is widely founded for industry application, and the extracted beam is required to have large intensity as a pulse beam or uniform distribution for scanning. A multi-turn injection is adopted and the proton beam is injected into the ring with the energy of 10MeV. In order to increase injection beam intensity, local bump orbit including two-bump, three-bump and four-bump is well studied and optimized, and the septum magnet thickness and localization are also studied for an effective injection. A RF knock-out method is used for slow extraction due to the fast response character. In order to decrease the global spill, double RF kicker and the control of the aptitude modulation (AM) function of the transverse RF field are well studied.

MOPFI032	Electron Emission of the Stripping Foil and Collimation System for CSNS/RCS	electron, proton, collimation, scattering	354
	M.Y. Huang, Y.D. Liu, N. Wang, S. Wang IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	For the Rapid Cycling Synchrotron of the China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS/RCS), the electron emission plays an important role in the accelerator limitation. The interactions between the proton beam and the stripping foil were studied, and the electron scattering processes were simulated by the ORBIT and FLUKA codes. Then, the electron energy distribution and the electron yielding rate can be given. Furthermore, the interactions between the proton beam and the collimation system were studied, and the electron scattering processes were simulated. Then, the energy distribution of the primary electron emission can be given and the yielding rate of the primary electron can be obtained.

MOPFI041	Study of Beam Longitudinal Motion for SSC	extraction, simulation, cyclotron, acceleration	378
	X.N. Li, Y.J. Yuan IMP, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
	The injection, acceleration and extraction of SSC（Separate Sector Cyclotron） is analyzed and simulated to get the longitudinal acceptance, using the typical ion 238U³⁶⁺ with energy 9.7MeV/u. In order to study the actual longitudinal acceptance of SSC, the isochronous magnetic field model in coincidence with the real one is established by Kr-Kb and Lagrange methods based on the actual measurement. Under the isochronous magnetic field, the longitudinal acceptance at the injection, acceleration and extraction is calculated. From the simulation results the transmission efficiency is very low in SSC because of the large phase width of the beam from the injector SFC (Sector Focus Cyclotron). In the machine commissioning, the phase width of the beam line from SFC to SSC is measured by the phase probe, the results show that the actual phase width is larger than the acceptance of SSC.

MOPFI050	Non-local Fast Extraction from the CERN SPS at 100 and 440 GeV	extraction, kicker, simulation, septum	392
	F.M. Velotti, A. Alekou, W. Bartmann, E. Carlier, K. Cornelis, I. Efthymiopoulos, B. Goddard, L.K. Jensen, V. Kain, M. Kowalska, V. Mertens, R. Steerenberg CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The Long Straight Section 2 (LSS2) of the CERN SPS is connected with the North Area (NA), to which the beam to date has always been extracted using a resonant extraction technique. For new proposed short- and long-baseline neutrino experiments, a fast single turn extraction to this experimental area is required. As there are no kickers in LSS2, and the integration of any new kickers with the existing electrostatic septum would be problematic, a solution has been developed to fast extract the beam using non-local extraction with other SPS kickers. Two different kicker systems have been used, the injection kicker in LSS1 and the stronger extraction kicker in LSS6 to extract 100 and 440 GeV beam, respectively. For both solutions a large emittance beam was extracted after 5 or 9 full betatron periods. The concept and simulation details are presented with the analysis of the aperture and beam loss considerations and experimental results collected during a series of beam tests.

MOPFI051	Beam Transfer Systems for the LAGUNA-LBNO Long Baseline Neutrino Beam from the CERN SPS	extraction, kicker, target, septum	395
	B. Goddard, W. Bartmann, I. Efthymiopoulos, Y. Papaphilippou, A.S. Parfenova CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	For the Long Baseline neutrino facility under study at CERN (LAGUNA-LBNO) it is initially planned to extract a 400 GeV beam from the second long straight section in the SPS into the existing transfer channel TT20 leading to the North Area experimental zone, to a new target aligned with a far detector in Finland. In a second phase a new High-Power Proton Synchrotron (HPPS) accelerator is proposed, to give a 2 MW beam at about 50 GeV on the same target. In this paper the beam transfer systems required for the project are outlined, including the new sections of transfer line between the SPL, HPPS and SPS, and from the SPS to the target, and also the injection and extraction systems in the long straight section of the HPPS. The feasibility of a 4 GeV H⁻ injection system is discussed.

MOPFI052	A New Lead Ion Injection System for the CERN SPS with 50 ns Rise Time	kicker, ion, septum, impedance	398
	B. Goddard, O. Aberle, J. Borburgh, E. Carlier, K. Cornelis, L. Ducimetière, L.K. Jensen, T. Kramer, D. Manglunki, A. Mereghetti, V. Mertens, D. Nisbet, B. Salvant, L. Sermeus CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The LHC High Luminosity upgrade project includes a performance upgrade for heavy ions. One of the present performance limitations is the rise time of the SPS injection kicker system, which imposes a spacing of at least 220 ns between injected bunch trains at the operational rigidity. A reduction of this rise time to 50 ns for lead ions is requested as part of the suite of measures needed to increase the present design performance by a factor three. A new injection system based on a fast pulsed septum and a fast kicker has been proposed to fulfil this rise time requirement, and to meet all the constraints associated with the existing high intensity proton injection in the same region. This paper describes the concept and the required equipment parameters, and explores the implications of such a system for SPS operation.

MOPFI053	Upgrades of the SPS, Transfer Line and LHC Injection Protection Devices for the HL-LHC Era	vacuum, kicker, coupling, extraction	401
	Ö. Mete, O. Aberle, F. Cerutti, K. Cornelis, B. Goddard, V. Kain, R. Losito, F.L. Maciariello, M. Meddahi, A. Mereghetti, J.A. Uythoven, F.M. Velotti CERN, Geneva, Switzerland E. Gianfelice-Wendt Fermilab, Batavia, USA
	The challenging High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) beam requirements will lead in the future to unprecedented beam parameters along the LHC injector chain. In the SPS accelerator these requests translate into about a factor two higher intensity and brightness than the present design performance. In addition to the challenge of producing and accelerating such beams, these parameters affect the resistance of the existing equipment against beam impact. Most of the protection devices in the SPS ring, its transfer lines and the LHC injection areas will be put under operational constraints which are beyond their design specification. The equipment concerned has been reviewed and their resistance to the HL-LHC beams checked. Theoretical and simulation studies have been performed for the SPS beam scraping system, the protection devices and the dump absorbers of the SPS-to-LHC transfer lines, as well as for the LHC injection protection devices. The first results of these studies are reported, together with the future prospects.

MOPFI054	Upgrades for the CERN PSB-TO-PS Transfer at 2 GeV	optics, emittance, kicker, quadrupole	404
	W. Bartmann, J. Borburgh, J.R.T. Cole, S.S. Gilardoni, B. Goddard, O. Hans, M. Hourican, L. Sermeus, R. Steerenberg CERN, Geneva, Switzerland C.H. Yu IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	The CERN PS Booster extraction energy will be upgraded from 1.4 to 2.0 GeV to alleviate the direct space charge tune shift in the PS. The focussing structure of the transfer line will be modified in order to better match the optics between the PSB and the PS. The optics of the PS at injection and, with it, of the transfer line can be adapted to reduce the continuous losses from the already injected and circulating beam bumped towards the septum. Experimental results of the optics optimisation and probing the injection kicker gap will be shown.

MOPFI057	Studies for the LHeC Beam Transfer Systems	linac, kicker, electron, extraction	410
	C. Bracco, B. Goddard CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The LHeC would allow for collisions between an electron beam from a new accelerator with the existing LHC hadron beam. Two possible configurations were studied: a separate LINAC (LINAC-ring) or a new electron ring superimposed on the LHC (ring-ring). The racetrack LINAC is now considered as the baseline for the LHeC design, with the ring-ring solution a back up. The studies performed for all the considered options are presented in this paper. For the LINAC-ring option the requirements for the post-collision line and the beam dump design have been evaluated in the cases of a 140 GeV and a 60 GeV electron beam. In the ring-ring option studies have been performed of the optics design of the transfer line from the a 10 GeV injector LINAC into the LHeC ring and of the injection system. The internal 60 GeV electron ring dump design has also been considered.

MOPFI060	Beam Transfer to LHC with the Low Gamma-transition SPS Optics	optics, extraction, quadrupole, collimation	419
	G. Vanbavinckhove, W. Bartmann, H. Bartosik, C. Bracco, L.N. Drøsdal, B. Goddard, V. Kain, M. Meddahi, V. Mertens, Y. Papaphilippou, J.A. Uythoven, J. Wenninger CERN, Geneva, Switzerland E. Gianfelice-Wendt Fermilab, Batavia, USA
	A new low gamma-transition optics with a lower integer tune, was introduced in the SPS to improve beam stability at high intensity. For transferring the beam to the LHC, the extraction bumps, extraction kickers and transfer lines needed to be adapted to the new optics. In particular, the transfer lines were re-matched and re-commissioned with the new optics. The first operational results are discussed for the SPS extraction, the transfer lines and the LHC injection. A detailed comparison is presented between the old and the new optics of the trajectories, dispersion, losses and other performance aspects.

MOPFI063	Progress on Designs for 180 MeV Injection into the ISIS Synchrotron	dipole, septum, synchrotron, stripper	428
	B. Jones, D.J. Adams, B.S. Drumm, M.C. Hughes, A.J. McFarland, C.M. Warsop STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
	The ISIS Facility at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in the UK produces intense neutron and muon beams for condensed matter research. It operates at 50Hz accelerating beam via a 70 MeV H⁻ linac and an 800 MeV proton synchrotron, delivering a mean beam power of 0.2 MW. As an initial step towards megawatt operations at ISIS, a study of replacement of the existing injector with a new 180 MeV H⁻ linac has recently been completed. This could enable an increase in beam power to approximately 0.5 MW. The ISIS Facility at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in the UK produces intense neutron and muon beams for condensed matter research. It accelerates 3×10¹³ protons per pulse (ppp) at 50 Hz through a 70 MeV H− linac and an 800 MeV proton synchrotron, delivering a mean beam power of ~0.2 MW. A favoured first step to upgrade ISIS towards the megawatt regime is replacement of the linac with a new 180 MeV injector described in [1]. Studies of this upgrade, which aims to increase mean beam power up to 0.5 MW are outlined in [2]. This paper reports on recent development of the designs including the injection septum, dipole power supplies and detailed tracking of partially stripped foil products.

MOPFI066	An Ultra-Low Energy Electron Beam Ion Trap in Shanghai	electron, ion, plasma, cathode	434
	J. Xiao, R. Hutton, X. Jin, D. Lu, B. Tu, Y. Yang, R. Zhao, Y. Zou Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
	Electron beam ion traps (EBITs) are very useful tools for disentanglement studies of atomic processes in plasmas. In this paper, a new ultra-low energy EBIT, SH-HtscEBIT, is reported. This EBIT can operate in the electron energy range of 30–4000 eV, with a current density of up to 100 A/cm². The low energy limit of this machine is 30 eV, which is the lowest energy among the EBITs around the world. The maximum magnetic field in the central drift tube region of this EBIT is around 0.25 T, produced by a pair of high temperature superconductor coils. This EBIT is set up for the purpose of disentangling spectroscopic studies of edge plasmas relevant to magnetic fusion devices, and of astro-plasmas. All the elements for the spectroscopic studies can be injected through an injection system. Both the design and the performance of this EBIT are presented.

MOPME008	Beam Diagnostics by Using Bunch-by-bunch Feedback Systems at the DELTA Storage Ring	feedback, kicker, laser, electron	485
	M. Höner, H. Huck, M. Huck, S. Khan, R. Molo, A. Schick, P. Ungelenk DELTA, Dortmund, Germany
	Funding: Work supported by BMBF (05K10PEB) At DELTA, a 1.5-GeV electron storage ring operated by the TU Dortmund University, longitudinal and transverse bunch-by-bunch feedback systems are in use to detect and suppress multi-bunch instabilities. Besides that, the digital feedback systems are excellent diagnostics tools. As an example, by exciting a certain number of bunches within the bunch train, the coupling to the non-excited bunches can be investigated below and above the instability threshold. Other examples include studies of the injection process and monitoring bunch oscillations during sudden beam loss. First experimental results will be presented in this paper.

MOPME020	Development of the New Measurement Method for the Incoherent Tune Spread and the Tune Shift Caused by the Space Charge Effect	dipole, emittance, simulation, space-charge	512
	S. Kato Tohoku University, Graduate School of Science, Sendai, Japan H. Harada, H. Hotchi, M. Kinsho, K. Okabe JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan
	For the high intensity accelerator, the incoherent tune which is the frequency of the individual particles is shifted and decreases due to the space charge effect. In addition, the incoherent tune is formed into spread shape commonly. When the incoherent tune satisfies a resonance condition, it might be occurred the beam emittance growth and the beam loss. So it is necessary to reduce the incoherent tune spread and the tune shift as much as possible. To achieve this condition, it is desired to measure the incoherent tune spread and the tune shift directly. Therefore we are developing the new measurement method of the incoherent tune spread and the shift due to the space charge effect. From the simulation results, it was cleared that the beam distribution can be modified in the case of using the mono frequency dipole exciter because a particle which has the tune corresponding to the exciter can be resonated temporary. In addition, it was cleared that it is possible to evaluate the incoherent tune spread and the tune shift by the measurement of the distribution transition. We present the outline of this method and the developing plane at the J-PARC RCS.

MOPME021	Ionization Profile Monitor (IPM) of J-PARC 3-GeV RCS	electron, ion, acceleration, vacuum	515
	H. Harada, K. Yamamoto JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan S. Kato Tohoku University, Graduate School of Science, Sendai, Japan
	Ionization profile monitors (IPM) were installed in the 3-GeV RCS ring of J-PARC and used to observe the beam-profile for the transverse plane in beam commissioning. These electrodes and MCPs of IPMs were upgraded in 2012 summer shutdown in order to improve the external electric field for leading the electrons and ions to MCPs. This presentation will be described the results of observed beam profile in beam commissioning and be discussed the new issues for the ion and electron collection mode.

MOPME022	Beam Commissioning of Two Horizontal Pulse Steering Magnets for Changing Injection Painting Area from MLF to MR in the 3-GeV RCS of J-PARC	stripper, beam-transport, emittance, target	518
	P.K. Saha, H. Harada, N. Hayashi, H. Hotchi, M. Kinsho, T. Takayanagi, N. Tani JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan Y. Irie KEK, Ibaraki, Japan S. Kato Tohoku University, Graduate School of Science, Sendai, Japan
	We have been successfully commissioned two pulse steering magnets installed in the Linac to 3-GeV RCS (Rapid Cycling Synchrotron) injection beam transport (BT) line of J-PARC. RCS has to deliver a simultaneous as well as specific beam as demand by the downstream facilities of MLF (Material and Life Science Facility) and the MR (Main Ring). In order to obtain relatively a smaller transverse emittance at extraction, those magnets were designed to perform a smaller injection painting for the MR beam as compared to the MLF one. As stripper foil position is fixed for the charge exchange H⁻ injection, inclination of the injected beam centroid on foil for the MR beam is only moved to a smaller value by the pulse steering magnets, while DC septum magnets are fixed as determined first for the MLF beam. Their parameters were found to be very consistent with expectation and thus already in operation for switching to a painting area of 100 pi mm mrad for the MR beam as compared to that of 150 pi mm mrad for the MLF beam.

MOPME023	ORBIT Beam Simulation Progress in the 3-GeV Rapid Cycling Synchrotron of J-PARC	simulation, lattice, impedance, synchrotron	521
	P.K. Saha, H. Harada, H. Hotchi, Y. Shobuda, M. Yamamoto JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan J.A. Holmes ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA S. Kato Tohoku University, Graduate School of Science, Sendai, Japan
	We have made a numerous progress for beam simulation in the 3-GeV RCS (Rapid Cycling Synchrotron) of J-PARC (Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex) by using 3-D particle tracking code, ORBIT. Namely, the TEAPOT lattice file used for ORBIT tracking has been made to give exactly same results to that with SAD model used for the RCS beam commissioning. In addition, time dependent lattice functions of the injection chicane magnets and similar other time dependent lattice imperfections, which are already found to have significant influences on the beam losses in the real machine have also been successfully introduced. At present, time dependent transverse and longitudinal impedances are going to be introduced. That should prove the ORBIT code much more matured for beam simulations in synchrotrons. Latest beam simulation results illustrating these new realistic features are presented.

MOPME028	A Preliminary Study of the Vibration Wire Monitor for Beam Halo Diagnostic in J-PARC L3BT	diagnostics, proton, electron, linac	535
	K. Okabe, M. Kinsho, K. Yamamoto, M. Yoshimoto JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan
	In the J-PARC 3-GeV Rapid Cycle Synchrotron (RCS), transverse beam halo diagnostic and scraping are required to increase the output beam power. Wire scanners and halo scrapers were used for measurement of projected beam distributions to determine the extent of beam halo formation at Linac-3GeV Beam Transport line (L3BT). In order to determine more detail of halo formation, Vibration Wire Monitor (VWM) was installed in L3BT for the beam halo measurement and the offline study at the test stand with low energy electron gun are started. The high sensitivity of the VWM makes it a prospective one for investigation of beam halo and weak beam scanning. In this paper, we will report a preliminary results of offline studies and beam halo measurement by VWM at L3BT.

MOPME031	Emittance Measurement with Multi-wire Scanners for BEPC-II Linac	emittance, positron, linac, electron	541
	H. Geng, W.B. Liu, W. Qiao, Q. Qin, Y.F. Sui, Y. Yue IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	During the BEPC-II linac upgrade, five wire scanners have been installed in the common transport line, which makes a fast emittance measurement possible. In this paper, we will show the primary results of BEPC-II linac emittance measurement using multi-wire scanner method. The least squares method will be used for data analysis. A comparison of the results with the ones obtained by quad scan method will also be given.

MOPME052	Beam Instrumentation System Optimization for Top-up Operation in SSRF	storage-ring, pick-up, instrumentation, booster	589
	Y.B. Yan, Y.B. Leng, L.Y. Yu, W.M. Zhou SINAP, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
	In order to offer higher average brightness and more stable photon beam, top-up injection mode is scheduled for daily operation in SSRF. Several critical beam parameters, such as fill pattern, average current, beam lifetime and transfer efficiency, need to be measured precisely and reliably, and few interlock logics need to be added into machine protection system with top-up mode. Hardware and software optimizations of beam instrumentation for this purpose will be introduced in this paper.

MOPME054	Bunch-by-bunch Beam Position and Charge Monitor based on Broadband Scope in SSRF	storage-ring, pick-up, synchrotron, synchrotron-radiation	595
	Y. Yang, Y.B. Leng, Y.B. Yan, N. Zhang SSRF, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
	A bunch-by-bunch beam position and charge monitor system, based on a broadband oscilloscope, has been developed at SSRF. The beam positions of each bunch could be located independently in this system by using the original signals from the button-type pickups on the storage ring. The relative charge of each bunch could be obtained by the sum signal from the pickups. Using sum weighted average method, turn-by-turn beam position could be got from the bunch-by-bunch beam position data. The difference of each bunch beam position have been observed during injection at SSRF.

MOPME076	Determination of Octupole and Sextupole Polarities in the LHC	octupole, sextupole, coupling, lattice	655
	M.J. McAteer, Y.I. Levinsen, E.H. Maclean, T. Persson, P.K. Skowroński, R.J. Steinhagen, R. Tomás CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	We report the results of measurements to verify the polarity of the LHC’s lattice focusing and defocusing octupoles (MOF and MOD), spool piece octupole correctors (MCO), arc skew sextupole correctors (MSS), and interaction region sextupoles (MCSX and MCSSX). Octupole polarities were determined by measuring the change to second order chromaticity when a magnet family was trimmed. The MSS skew sextupole corrector polarities were checked by measuring the change to chromatic coupling when a magnet family was trimmed. The polarities of the MCSSX skew sextupoles in IR 1 and the MCSX normal sextupoles in IR 5 were checked by measuring the tune shift due to a magnet trim. Comparison of measurements with model predictions indicates that the polarities of the octupoles and the IR sextupoles are correct, and the polarities of the MSS skew sextupole correctors are reversed.

MOPWA004	Development of a Non-inductive Ceramic Resistor	kicker, pulsed-power, impedance, power-supply	669
	T. Sugimoto, K. Fan, K. Ishii, H. Matsumoto KEK, Ibaraki, Japan K. Abe Hitachi Haramachi Electronics Co. Ltd., Hitachishi, Ibaraki, Japan S. Fukuoka University of Tsukuba, Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences,, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
	Non-inductive ceramic resistors, based on alumina and carbon, are used for impedance matching in the circuit of the J-PARC main ring injection kicker system. The kickers were installed in December 2011, and have been in operation successfully since then. However, discharges at the edge of the ceramic bulk were observed after several weeks’ operation, which increase resistance from O(100) to O(1M). Investigation indicates that poor contact with the rough surface of the ceramic bulk due to irregular shaped spots causes micro-gaps, which trigger the discharge. In order to improve the contact, one type of brazing technology has been experimentally applied to one resistor. Another resistor had an annealed thin copper plate inserted, and both resistors were tested and compared. In this paper, we will describe details of the development of the resistors and give future prospects.

MOPWA008	Power Supply of the Pulse Steering Magnet for Changing the Painting Area between the MLF and the MR at J-PARC 3 GeV RCS	power-supply, superconductivity, proton, controls	681
	T. Takayanagi, N. Hayashi, K. Horino, M. Kinsho, T. Togashi, T. Ueno, Y. Watanabe JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan Y. Irie KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
	The power supply of the pulse steering magnet (PSTR) has been produced. The PSTR of the 3-GeV RCS (Rapid Cycling Synchrotron) in the J-PARC (Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex) aims at changing the painting area in a pulse-to-pulse mode at 25Hz between the MLF (Material and Life science Experimental Facility) and the MR (50-GeV Main Ring synchrotron) at J-PARC. The power supply has the equipment used to excite the pulse current and the direct current (DC) to correspond to two modes that the paint injection for beam users and the central injection for beam commissioning. In case of the paint injection, the power supply excites the current from 40 A to 450 A in pulse mode, which has the capability to switch from positive to negative polarity. The pulse current has been performed with good accuracy whose deviation to a setting current becomes to be less than ± 0.2 %. In case of the central injection, the power supply excites the current from 1000 A to 3000A in DC mode, which has been realized output current deviation below ± 0.01 %. This paper summarizes the design parameters and the experimental results of the power supply.

MOPWA009	Development of a Fast Compensation Kicker System for J-PARC Main-ring Injection	kicker, simulation, impedance, power-supply	684
	S. Fukuoka University of Tsukuba, Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences,, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan K. Fan, K. Ishii, H. Matsumoto, T. Sugimoto KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
	Injection system of J-PARC main ring employs four lumped kickers to deflect the incoming beam. The residual field caused by tail and reflection of excitation current increases the closed beam orbit leading to particle loss in high power operation. A correction method using a fast kicker system to compensate the remaining angle is being developed. Doe to the narrow bunch spacing, transmission line kicker is selected to satisfy requirements of fast rise and fall time. The kicker magnet uses ceramic capacitors instead of parallel metal plates to make the magnet compact and reduce the stray inductance. Capacitors are installed in vacuum chamber. A very thin core is used to reduce distributed inductance. A bandwidth is calculated as 160 MHz. A Marx generator using FET switches has been studied, which is able to produce fast rise and fall time as 50 ns. Any pulse shape is generated by choosing switches to fire. A prototype magnet and a power supply have been fabricated for parameters test. In this paper, we will report the details of the system design, analyze the measurement results and give future prospects.

MOPWA026	Fast Magnetic Kickers for the NSLS-II Booster-Synchrotron: Design and Test Results	kicker, booster, extraction, vacuum	717
	D.A. Shvedov, O. Anchugov, V.A. Kiselev, A.A. Korepanov, S.V. Sinyatkin BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
	For the purpose of realization of single-turn injection and extraction from the NSLS-II booster synchrotron, BINP members created nanosecond non-vacuum ferrite kickers with fronts of pulsed magnetic field of ~ 200 ns, flat-top duration of 300 nsec and its instability of 0.2/1% at most. This paper describes the design of unique kicker magnets with ceramic vacuum chambers with deposited longitudinal strips of titanium nitride (TiN) inside. The paper also presents the results of bench tests of the kickers: oscillograms of current pulse in bus bars, the shape of the pulsed magnetic field, and transverse distribution of the longitudinal field integral in the kicker aperture.

MOPWA027	Pulse Power Supplies for Kicker Magnets of NSLS-2 Booster Ring	kicker, extraction, power-supply, booster	720
	A.A. Korepanov, A. Akimov, A.A. Pachkov, A. Panov BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
	A set of identical ferrite kicker modules is utilized for the injection and extraction of the NSLS-2 booster ring. The pulse power supplies of these modules are based on the PFN-thyratron design. The pulse current amplitude of up to 4 kA at 300 ns flat top duration and PFN charging voltage of up to 23 kV were achieved on the extraction pulsers. The pulse to pulse repeatability of the output current waveform was measured and made up to 0.05% (σ) at nominal current for the extraction pulsers. The injection pulsers have a specification on the reverse current overshoot to be less than 0.5% of the amplitude. To fulfill this requirement a single turn saturated choke in the thyratron circuit was used. The design and the test results of the power supplies on NSLS-2 site are presented in the paper.

MOPWA028	Power System for Quadrupole Magnets of NSLS-II 3 GeV Booster	controls, quadrupole, booster, extraction	723
	D.V. Senkov, A.I. Erokhin, V.V. Kolmogorov, A.S. Medvedko, S.I. Potapov, D.N. Pureskin BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
	Power system for quadrupole magnets of NSLS-II 3 GeV booster is designed, manufactured and tested in BINP, Russia. The power system consists of 2 parts. The first part is a charging source with a capacitance bank at output. And the second part consists of 3 current sources powered by a capacitance bank. The charging source output voltage is up to 180 V, peak power is 40 kW and average power is 20 kW. Capacitance bank has a 120 kVA storage energy. The second part contains 3 independent current sources with up to 180 A output current each. This report considers the details of current sources design, their parameters and results of inspection test in BINP. Finally, the first results of injection and extraction section commissioning at BNL site are reported.

MOPWA029	Pulse Generators for Septums and Bumps of Injection and Extraction Systems of NSLS-II Booster	septum, extraction, booster, controls	726
	D.V. Senkov, A.M. Batrakov, A.D. Chernyakin, V.A. Kiselev, A.V. Pavlenko, A.N. Zhuravlev BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
	Pulse generators for injection and extraction systems of NSLS-II 3 GeV booster are designed, manufactured and tested in BINP, Russia and installed and tested at BNL site. This report considers the details of bump, injection septum and extraction septum pulse generators design, their parameters and results of inspection test in BINP. The design and electronics features of control system of pulse generators are presented. Finally, the first results of injection and extraction section commissioning at BNL site are reported.

MOPWA030	Upgrade of the LHC Injection Kicker Magnets	vacuum, kicker, electron, impedance	729
	M.J. Barnes, P. Adraktas, V. Baglin, G. Bregliozzi, S. Calatroni, F. Caspers, H.A. Day, L. Ducimetière, M. Garlaschè, V. Gomes Namora, J.M. Jimenez, N. Magnin, V. Mertens, E. Métral, B. Salvant, M. Taborelli, J.A. Uythoven, W.J.M. Weterings CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The two LHC injection kicker systems, comprising 4 magnets per ring, produce a kick of 1.3 T.m with a rise-time of less than 900 ns and a flattop ripple of less than ±0.5%. A beam screen is placed in the aperture of each magnet, to provide a path for the image current of the high intensity LHC beam and screen the ferrite yoke against wake fields. The screen consists of a ceramic tube with conductors in the inner wall. The initially implemented beam screen ensured a low rate of electrical breakdowns while providing an adequate beam coupling impedance. Operation with increasingly higher intensity beams, stable for many hours at a time, now results in substantial heating of the ferrite yoke, sometimes requiring cool down over several hours before the LHC can be refilled. During the long shutdown in 2013/2014 all 8 kicker magnets will be upgraded with an improved beam screen and an increased emissivity of the vacuum tank. In addition equipment adjacent to the injection kickers and various vacuum components will also be modified to help reduce the vacuum pressure in the kickers during high-intensity operation. This paper discusses the upgrades as well as their preparation and planning.

MOPWA031	Beam Induced Ferrite Heating of the LHC Injection Kickers and Proposals for Improved Cooling	vacuum, kicker, simulation, impedance	732
	M.J. Barnes, S. Calatroni, F. Caspers, L. Ducimetière, M. Garlaschè, V. Gomes Namora, V. Mertens, Z.K. Sobiech, M. Taborelli, J.A. Uythoven, W.J.M. Weterings CERN, Geneva, Switzerland H.A. Day UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
	The two LHC injection kicker systems produce a kick of 1.3 T.m with a flattop duration variable up to 7860 ns, and rise and fall times of less than 900 ns and 3000 ns, respectively. A beam screen is placed in the aperture of each magnet, which consists of a ceramic tube with conductors in the inner wall. The conductors provide a path for the beam image current and screen the ferrite yoke against wake fields. Recent LHC operation, with high intensity beam stable for many hours, resulted in significant heating of both the ferrite yoke and beam impedance reduction ferrites. For one kicker magnet the ferrite yoke approached its Curie temperature. As a result of a long thermal time-constant the ferrites can require several hours to cool enough to re-inject beam, thus limiting the availability of the LHC. Thermal measurement data has been analysed, a thermal model developed and emissivity measurements carried out. The effects of various measures to improve the ferrite cooling have been simulated, including an improved emissivity of the vacuum tank and active cooling on the outside of the tank.

MOPWA032	Reduction of Surface Flashover of the Beam Screen of the LHC Injection Kickers	kicker, vacuum, impedance, simulation	735
	M.J. Barnes, P. Adraktas, S. Calatroni, F. Caspers, L. Ducimetière, V. Gomes Namora, V. Mertens, R. Noulibos, M. Taborelli, B. Teissandier, J.A. Uythoven, W.J.M. Weterings CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The LHC injection kicker magnets include beam screens to shield the ferrite yokes against wake fields resulting from the high intensity beam. The screening is provided by conductors lodged in the inner wall of a ceramic support tube. Operation with increasingly higher bunch intensity, and narrow bunches, now requires improved ferrite screening. This will be implemented by additional conductors; however the good high-voltage behaviour of the kicker magnets must not be compromised by the supplementary screening. Extensive studies and optimisations have been carried out, to better satisfy the often conflicting requirements for low beam coupling impedance, fast magnetic field rise-time, high vacuum and good high voltage behaviour. A new configuration is proposed which reduces significantly the electric field associated with the screen conductors and the secondary electron yield of the surface of the ceramic tube. Results of high voltage test results are also presented.

MOPWA035	Beam Loss Studies for the CERN PS Booster using FLUKA	booster, beam-losses, multipole, extraction	744
	S. Damjanovic, B. Dehning, B. Mikulec, M. Sapinski CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	In view of future upgrade plans, the beam loss monitor (BLM) coverage of the PS Booster (PSB) rings was reviewed. The response of two types of monitors, LHC-IC and LHC-LIC, has been studied with FLUKA at LINAC4 injection and PSB extraction energies. The goal of this study was to find out whether the current beam loss monitor coverage of two monitors at a certain location per PSB section was adapted to potential beam losses associated with a future Linac4 injection. The outcome of this study was a proposal to double the number of beam loss monitors in the PSB section by using a combination of horizontally oriented LHC-IC and LHC-LIC type monitors.

MOPWA042	The Leakage Current Induced by Stray Capacitance in the Pulse Magnet System	kicker, impedance, booster, high-voltage	762
	C.S. Chen, C.K. Chan, K.H. Hsu, Y.-H. Liu, C.S. Yang NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	A huge amount of current must be provided during the nominal operation of the pulse magnet system in TPS (Taiwan Photon Source). It comes with all kinds of electromagnetic noises, including radiated and conducted EMI (electromagnetic interferences). The primary object of this article is to clarify the paths of induced EMI, especially by means of capacitance induction. Furthermore, some geometrical suggestions which had been tested are listed in this paper as the guidelines of the pulse magnet design. According to the measurement, proper distance and surface area lead to sufficient insulation and reduce the leakage current under the expected value.

MOPWA043	The HV Withstands Test for In Vacuum Booster Kicker	booster, kicker, vacuum, extraction	765
	Y.-H. Liu, C.K. Chan, C.S. Chen, H.H. Chen, J.-R. Chen, K.H. Hsu, H.P. Hsueh, Y.T. Huang, C.S. Yang NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	The maximum driving voltage of TPS booster extraction kicker is close to 30 kV, the HV insulation should be carefully noticed. A DC withstand voltage tester MUSASHI 3802 (Model: IP-701G) is used to test the DC breakdown voltage, which the maximum driving voltage is 37 kV. The 10 mm gap between coil and ferrite is designed in order to increase HV break down voltage. The safety breakdown distance between HV coil and grounding plate was tested in air. Different insulation material with different thickness was tested the breakdown voltage. Thicker than 10 mm ceramic plate could effectively avoid the breakdown occurred with 37 kV DC charging. Thus HV withstand voltage will be higher in vacuum chamber and the insulation with HV will not be the problem.

MOPWA045	The Pulsed Power Supply System for TPS Project	kicker, power-supply, booster, storage-ring	771
	C.-S. Fann, C.L. Chen, K.T. Hsu, S.Y. Hsu, A.P. Lee, K.-K. Lin, K.L. Tsai NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	The pulsed power supply system for TPS project consists of three types of pulser for booster injection/extraction and storage ring injection. Categorizing by the delivered peak current, pulse shape base-width, they are for: 1) booster kicker: 500 A, square, 1 μs; 2) storage ring kicker: 5 kA, half-sine, 5 μs; 3) transfer line septum: 10 kA, half-sine, 300 μs; respectively. All together, there are 10 units constructed for the associated pulsed magnets. In this report, the test results of the pulsed power supplies will be summarized and the measured results of their performance are presented.

MOPWA061	A New Tool for Longitudinal Tomography in Fermilab's Main Injector and Recycler Rings	booster, controls, emittance, space-charge	816
	N.J. Evans, S.E. Kopp The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA P. Adamson, D.J. Scott Fermilab, Batavia, USA
	Funding: U.S Department of Energy We are developing software to compute tomographic reconstructions of longitudinal phase space distributions in the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory Main Injector and Recycler rings using data from existing resistive wall current monitors to diagnose beam quality at injection and provide input distributions for simulation of losses. Building on the algorithm developed by S. Hancock et al. at CERN the software is able to process a full synchrotron period of a Booster batch of 81 bunches with 18.94 ns spacing and a sampling rate of 2.5 GHz, in < 30 sec, or every ~270 injections. Processing an entire injection opens up the possibility of investigating coupled bunch instabilities via tomography. To speed reconstruction for use on a full injection, phase space maps are created once for a given set of parameters and saved for injections with similar machine settings. We present an overview of the system and studies done on the effect of small errors present including: random noise, mismatch between sampling rate and machine period, errors in locating bunch centers, and trigger jitter. Tomographic Measurements of Longitudinal Phase Space Density; 1998 ed. - Hancock, S et al - CERN-PS-98-030-RF

MOPWO025	Optics and Protection of the Injection and Extraction Regions of the CLIC Damping Rings	extraction, kicker, damping, septum	939
	R. Apsimon, B. Balhan, M.J. Barnes, J. Borburgh, B. Goddard, Y. Papaphilippou, J.A. Uythoven CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The optics design of the injection and extraction regions for the CLIC damping rings is presented. The design defines the parameters for the kicker magnets and septa in these regions and has been optimised to minimise the length of the insertions within the parameter space of the system. Failure modes of the injection and extraction elements are identified and their severity assessed. Protection elements for the injection and extraction regions are optimised based on the conclusions of the failure mode analysis.

MOPWO032	SPS Scraping and LHC Transverse Tails	emittance, beam-losses, luminosity, controls	957
	L.N. Drøsdal, K. Cornelis, B. Goddard, V. Kain, M. Meddahi, O. Mete, B. Salvachua, G. Valentino, E. Veyrunes CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	All high-intensity LHC beams have to be scraped before extraction from the SPS to remove the non-Gaussian transverse tails of the particle distributions. The tail particles would otherwise cause unacceptably high losses during injection or other phases of the LHC cycle. Studies have been carried out to quantify the scraping using injection losses and emittance measurements from wire scanners as diagnostics. Beams scraped in the SPS were scraped again in the LHC with collimators to investigate possible tail repopulation. The results of these studies will be presented in this paper.

MOPWO033	Analysis of LHC Transfer Line Trajectory Drifts	optics, extraction, simulation, dipole	960
	L.N. Drøsdal, W. Bartmann, H. Bartosik, C. Bracco, B. Goddard, V. Kain, Y. Papaphilippou, J.A. Uythoven, G. Vanbavinckhove, J. Wenninger CERN, Geneva, Switzerland E. Gianfelice-Wendt Fermilab, Batavia, USA
	The LHC is filled from the SPS via two 3km long transfer lines. In the first years of LHC operation large trajectory variations were discovered. The sources of bunch-by-bunch and shot-by-shot trajectory variations had been identified and improved by the 2012 LHC run. The origins of the longer term drifts were however still unclear and significant time was spent correcting the trajectories. In the last part of the 2012 run the optics in the SPS was changed to lower transition energy. Trajectory stability and correction frequency will be compared between before and after the optics change in the SPS. The sources of the variations have now been identified and will be discussed in this paper. Remedies for operation after the long shutdown will be proposed.

MOPWO034	Energy Deposition Studies for the Upgrade of the LHC Injection Lines	proton, optics, quadrupole, luminosity	963
	A. Mereghetti, O. Aberle, F. Cerutti, B. Goddard, V. Kain, F.L. Maciariello, M. Meddahi CERN, Geneva, Switzerland R. Appleby UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom E. Gianfelice-Wendt Fermilab, Batavia, USA
	The LHC Injectors Upgrade (LIU) Project aims at upgrading the systems in the LHC injection chain, to reliably deliver the beams required by the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC). Given the challenging beam intensities and emittances, a review of the existing beam-intercepting devices is on-going, in order to assess heat loads and consequent thermo-mechanical stresses. Moreover, the exposure of downstream elements to induced shower radiation is assessed. The study is intended to spot possible issues and contribute to the definition of viable design and layout solutions.

MOPWO038	Cleaning Inefficiency of the LHC Collimation System during the Energy Ramp: Simulations and Measurements	simulation, collimation, proton, scattering	975
	E. Quaranta, R. Bruce, L. Lari, D. Mirarchi, S. Redaelli, A. Rossi, B. Salvachua, G. Valentino CERN, Geneva, Switzerland L. Lari IFIC, Valencia, Spain D. Mirarchi The Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, United Kingdom G. Valentino University of Malta, Information and Communication Technology, Msida, Malta
	The cleaning inefficiency of the LHC collimation system has already been studied in detail at injection and top energy (450 GeV and 4 TeV respectively). In this paper the results are presented for the cleaning inefficiency at intermediate energies, simulated using the SixTrack code. The first comparisons with measured provoked losses are discussed. This study helps in benchmarking the energy dependence of the simulated inefficiency and is thus important for the extrapolation to future operation at higher energies.

MOPWO039	Experience with High-intensity Beam Scraping and Tail Populations at the Large Hadon Collider	beam-losses, emittance, hadron, diagnostics	978
	S. Redaelli, R. Bruce, F. Burkart, D. Mirarchi, B. Salvachua, G. Valentino, D. Wollmann CERN, Geneva, Switzerland R.W. Aßmann DESY, Hamburg, Germany G. Valentino University of Malta, Information and Communication Technology, Msida, Malta
	The population of beam tails at the LHC is source of concern because even small fractions of the total beam intensity could represent a potential danger is case of slow or fast losses, e.g. caused by orbit transients or by collimator movements. Different studies have been performed using the technique of collimator scans to probe the beam tail population, for different beam energies and beam intensities. The experience accumulated during the operation at 3.5 TeV and 4 TeV is reviewed and extrapolations to higher energies are considered.

MOPWO040	Analysis of Failures of the LHC Collimators during the 2010-2013 Operation	collimation, controls, luminosity, insertion	981
	S. Redaelli, A. Masi CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The LHC collimation system must be available in all phases of the machine operation in order to handle the high stored beam energies. The system availability is therefore crucial to achieve an efficient LHC operation. The collimation system has proved to work reliably in the first years of LHC operation, with total stored energies up to 140 MJ. The impact on the machine availability has been limited. The analysis of collimation system availability and the failure rate in the years 2012-2012 is reviewed with the aim to identify possible further improvements for the future.

MOPWO050	Comparison of LHC Beam Loss Maps using the Transverse Damper Blow up and Tune Resonance Crossing Methods	collimation, resonance, betatron, background	1008
	V. Moens, R. Bruce, S. Redaelli, B. Salvachua, G. Valentino CERN, Geneva, Switzerland V. Moens EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland G. Valentino University of Malta, Information and Communication Technology, Msida, Malta
	The LHC collimator settings are qualified regularly via beam loss maps. In this procedure, the beam is artificially excited to create abnormal loss rates. The transverse damper blow up and tune resonance crossing methods are used to increase the betatron amplitude of particles and verify the efficiency of the collimation cleaning and the collimator hierarchy. This paper presents a quantitative comparison of the methods, based on measurements done at different phases of the LHC machine cycle. The analysis is done using Beam Loss Monitor (BLM) with integration times of 1.3 s and 80 ms. The use of the faster BLM data to study the time evolution of the losses in IR3 and IR7 during off-momentum loss maps is also presented.

MOPWO057	A Precise Beam Dynamics Model of the PSI Injector 2	space-charge, cyclotron, simulation, emittance	1020
	A.M. Kolano, R.J. Barlow University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom A. Adelmann, C. Baumgarten PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
	The Injector 2 at PSI (Paul Scherrer Institut), is a 72 MeV separate sector cyclotron producing a high intensity proton beam up to 3 mA CW, which is subsequently injected to the 590 MeV Ring Cyclotron. The injection energy of the pre-bunched beam is 870 keV at an intensity of 10 to 11 mA. In this paper we describe a full 3D model of the PSI injector 2, starting just before the two bunchers and including the multi stage collimation scheme in the cyclotron. The precise beam dynamics model is based on the OPAL (Object Oriented Parallel Accelerator Library) simulation code. OPAL is a tool for charged-particle optic calculations in large accelerator structures and beam lines including 3D space charge. The presented model will be validated with data from radial profile measurements and loss rates from the collimators and the electrostatic septum in the Injector 2. Based on this model we will estimate the intensity limit of this machine and comment of future operation modes.

MOPWO058	Injection Simulations for TPS Storage Ring	storage-ring, simulation, kicker, lattice	1022
	C.C. Chiang, P.J. Chou NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	We present injection simulations for the TPS (Taiwan Photon Source) storage ring. The baseline lattice of TPS storage ring is a 6-fold structure with 24 double bend cells. For the Step I commissioning, only baseline lattice with dummy chambers are installed. The three double mini-beta-y lattice with insertion devices will be applied during Step II commissioning. The Tracy-2 program is used to simulate the particle motion in 6-D phase space. We adopt lattice models which include errors of alignments and magnet fields. The particle loss due to scraping by chamber limit is recorded in Tracy-2 simulation. We can estimate the radiation distribution of a ring and provide a reference for the shielding design accordingly.

MOPWO059	Development of MATLAB-based Application Programs for the Optics Matching, Beam Steering, and Injection Conditioning in TPS Commissioning	linac, optics, lattice, electron	1025
	M.-S. Chiu, H.-P. Chang, P.J. Chou, F.H. Tseng NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	Taiwan Photon Source (TPS) is a third generation 3GeV synchrotron light source. Its first beam commissioning is scheduled in 2014. Intensive efforts are devoted to achieve efficient transportation of the first beam from the LINAC, passing through the LTB transfer line, and its injection into the booster ring. After the beam energy has been ramped up to 3GeV in booster, the beam is extracted to the BTS transfer line. At the end of BTS, the beam is injected into the storage ring and circulates around the storage ring. In order to achieve efficient beam transportation, we have developed various MATLAB-based commissioning tools for the optics matching of transfer lines, beam steering and injection conditioning of booster and storage ring.

TUOCB201	Recent Developments of Novel Beam Diagnostics at the ESRF	electron, dipole, vacuum, diagnostics	1143
	K.B. Scheidt ESRF, Grenoble, France
	A number of rather novel and particular electron beam diagnostics have seen their development in 2012 for the ESRF Storage Ring. A vertical Beam Halo detector that measures the bunch population at millimetres, i.e. hundreds of σs of nominal beam size, away from the central core. This measurement is based on X-ray synchrotron radiation from a bending magnet and is totally non-destructive to the electron beam itself. Another diagnostic use of the very hard X-rays available from the bending magnets is the detection of electron beam energy fluctuations. The detector hardware is simple and in-expensive and has shown a resolution of energy fluctuations of less than 10ppm. Also a single orbit turn measurement of the injected beam shape and size is now possible through the use of visible synchrotron light combined with a fast gateable intensifier, which can be triggered on any of the desired orbit turns after injection. Detailed results of each of these new diagnostics will be presented.
	Slides TUOCB201 [1.511 MB]

TUPEA008	Physics of the AWAKE Project	plasma, wakefield, electron, laser	1179
	P. Muggli, E. Oz, R. Tarkeshian MPI, Muenchen, Germany C. Bracco, E. Gschwendtner, A. Pardons CERN, Geneva, Switzerland A. Caldwell, O. Reimann MPI-P, München, Germany K.V. Lotov BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia A.M. Pukhov HHUD, Dusseldorf, Germany J. Vieira IPFN, Lisbon, Portugal M. Wing UCL, London, United Kingdom
	The goal of the AWKAKE collaboration is the study of plasma wakefields driven by proton (p⁺) bunches through experiments, simulations and theory. Proton bunches are interesting wakefield drivers because they can be ultra-relativistic (TeVs/p⁺) and carry large amounts of energy (>kJ). It was demonstrated in simulations* that acceleration of an electron (e-) bunch from 10GeV to >500GeV can be achieved in ~500m of plasma driven by a 1TeV, 100micron-long, bunch with 10¹¹ p+. Such short p⁺ bunches do not exist today. It was suggested** that a p⁺ bunch long compared to the plasma period can transversely self-modulate and resonantly drive wakefields to large amplitudes (~GV/m). Initial experiments based on self-modulation instability (SMI) will use single 12cm-long CERN SPS bunches with 1-3·10¹¹, 450GeV p⁺ to study physics of SMI. With a plasma density of 7·10¹⁴/cc the plasma wave and modulation period is 1.3mm. The SMI saturates after ~3m with amplitude in the GV/m range. Later a low energy (~10MeV) witness e^- bunch will be injected at the SMI saturation point. Energy gain over ~7m of plasma can reach the GeV level. Translation from physics to experimental plan and setup will be presented. * A. Caldwell et al., Nature Physics 5, 363 (2009) ** N. Kumar et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 255003 (2010)

TUPEA056	Concept of Dielectric Wakefield Accelerator Driven by a Long Sequence of Electron Bunches	wakefield, electron, acceleration, resonance	1259
	I.N. Onishchenko, V. Kiselev, A. Linnik, G.V. Sotnikov NSC/KIPT, Kharkov, Ukraine
	Funding: This study is supported by Global Initiatives for Proliferation Prevention (GIPP) program, project ANL-T2-247-UA (STCU Agreement P522) The scheme of a two-beam accelerator type is considered that is based on wakefield excitation in rectangular dielectric resonator by a sequence of electron bunches with the aim to enhance wakefield intensity due to multi-bunch coherent excitation, multi-mode summation, and wakefield accumulation in resonator. The sequence of bunches can be divided into exciting and accelerated parts in any proportion by means at the proper detuning of bunch repetition frequency relative to the frequency of principle eigen mode of the resonator. A train of 6000 electron bunches, each of energy 4.5МeV, charge 0.16nC, duration 60psec, diameter 1.0cm, and angular spread 0.05 mrad is produced with the linear resonant accelerator. Bunch repetition frequency is 2805 MHz and can be varied within 2MHz by changing master oscillator frequency. Bunches are injected into copper rectangular waveguide of cross-section 8.5x18.0cm² and length 75cm along wide sides of which Teflon plates are placed. The plate thickness is chosen 1.67cm so that the frequency of excited eigen mode coincides with bunch repetition frequency.

TUPFI001	High Luminosity LHC Matching Section Layout vs Crab Cavity Voltage	optics, cavity, luminosity, quadrupole	1328
	B. Dalena CEA/IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France A. Chancé, J. Payet CEA/DSM/IRFU, France R. De Maria, S.D. Fartoukh CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Funding: The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Commission under the FP7 project HiLumi LHC, GA no. 284404, co-funded by the DoE, USA and KEK, Japan. In the framework of the HL-LHC Upgrade project we present a new possible variant for the layout of the LHC matching section located in the high luminosity insertions. This layout is optimized to reduce the demand on the voltage of the crab cavities, while substantially improving the optics squeeze-ability, both in ATS [1] and non-ATS mode. These new layout will be described in details together with its performance figures in terms of mechanical acceptance, chromatic properties and optics flexibility. [1] S. Fartoukh, ‘’An Achromatic Telescopic Squeezing (ATS) Scheme for LHC Upgrade’’, in proceedings of IPAC11, p. 2088.

TUPFI002	Electron Cloud and Scrubbing Studies for the LHC	electron, emittance, dipole, luminosity	1331
	G. Iadarola Naples University Federico II, Science and Technology Pole, Napoli, Italy G. Arduini, V. Baglin, H. Bartosik, C.O. Domínguez, J. Esteban Müller, G. Iadarola, G. Rumolo, E.N. Shaposhnikova, L.J. Tavian, F. Zimmermann CERN, Geneva, Switzerland C.O. Domínguez EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland G.H.I. Maury Cuna CINVESTAV, Mexico City, Mexico
	Electron cloud build-up resulting from beam-induced multipacting is one of the major limitations for the operation of the LHC with beams with close bunch spacing. Electron clouds induce unwanted pressure rise, heat loads on the beam screens of the superconducting magnets and beam instabilities. Operation with bunch spacing of 50 ns in 2011 and 2012 has required decreasing the Secondary Electron Yield of the beam screens below the multipacting threshold for beams with this bunch spacing. This was achieved by continuous electron bombardment induced by operating the machine with high intensity beams with 50 and 25 ns spacing during dedicated periods at injection energy (450 GeV) and at top energy (3.5 and 4 TeV). The evolution of the Secondary Electron Yield during these periods, at different sections of the machine, can be estimated by pressure, heat load and by bunch-by-bunch RF stable phase measurements. The experimental information on the scrubbing process will be discussed and a possible “scrubbing strategy” to allow the operation with 50ns and 25ns beams after the Long Shutdown in 2013-2014 will be presented.

TUPFI014	HLLHCV1.0: HL-LHC Layout and Optics Models for 150 mm Nb3Sn Triplets and Local Crab-cavities	optics, quadrupole, sextupole, ion	1358
	R. De Maria, S.D. Fartoukh CERN, Geneva, Switzerland A.V. Bogomyagkov BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia M. Korostelev The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
	Funding: The HiLumi LHC Design Study is included in the HL-LHC project and is partly funded by the European Commission within the Framework Programme 7 Capacities Specific Programme, Grant Agreement 284404. The paper presents the latest layout and optics models for the HL-LHC upgrade project. As an evolution from the previous version SLHCV3.1b, it integrates the new Nb3Sn triplet (140T/m, 150mm) with all the additional magnets needed to be compatible with a β^* reach of 15cm and beyond. The collision optics implements the ATS* scheme which is able to provide very low value of β^* and at the same time warrants outstanding control of the chromatic aberrations within the strength limits of the existing arc sextupole scheme of the LHC. The optics models include the injection and collision optics for proton and ion operations foreseen for the HL-LHC, with improved squeeze-ability of the existing IR2 and IR8 insertions, and all the corresponding optic transitions. An aperture model and a series of optics matched in thin lenses complete the needs for a large range of dedicated beam dynamic studies (dynamic aperture, beam-beam effects, collimation). * S. Fartoukh, ‘’An Achromatic Telescopic Squeezing (ATS) Scheme for LHC Upgrade’’, in proceedings of IPAC11, p. 2088.

TUPFI015	Study of the IR2 and IR8 Squeezeability for HL-LHC Upgrade	optics, quadrupole, insertion, luminosity	1361
	A.V. Bogomyagkov BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia R. De Maria CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Funding: The HiLumi LHC Design Study is included in the HL-LHC project and is partly funded by the European Commission within the Framework Programme 7 Capacities Specific Programme, Grant Agreement 284404. The paper presents the results of the study of different optics configurations which allow to reach smaller beta functions at the IP2 and IP8 in the framework of the HL-LHC project. The variants at collision energies must be compatible with the ATS* scheme which provides small beta function at the IP1 and IP5 or provide low beta function for Alice and LHCb during ion operatations. The ones at injection must satisfy injection transfer lines and aperture constraints. The final goal is to find the overlap between the phase advances of all the configuration for IR2 and IR8 respectively, in order to mainting the LHC working point without rematching the remaining insertions. * S. Fartoukh, ‘’An Achromatic Telescopic Squeezing (ATS) Scheme for LHC Upgrade’’, in proceedings of IPAC11, p. 2088.

TUPFI025	Bunch-by-Bunch Analysis of the LHC Heavy-Ion Luminosity	luminosity, emittance, simulation, ion	1391
	M. Schaumann, J.M. Jowett CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	After the first run in 2010, the LHC continued its heavy-ion operation with collisions of lead nuclei in late 2011. The beam dynamics of those high intensity lead beams are strongly influenced by intra-beam scattering (IBS), especially on the injection plateau. Each batch injected from the SPS spends a different time at injection, introducing significant changes from batch to batch. Within the batches there is an even larger spread imprinted by the SPS injection plateau. This results in a spread of the luminosity produced in each bunch crossing. The particle losses during collisions are dominated by nuclear electromagnetic processes, leading to a non-exponential intensity decay during the fill and short luminosity lifetime at 3.5 Z TeV. The luminosity, emittance, intensity and bunch length evolution of the 2011 run was analysed bunch-by-bunch and compared with simulations. Based on this analysis, estimates of the potential luminosity performance at 6.5 Z TeV, after the present shutdown, are given.

TUPFI026	Investigations of the LHC Emittance Blow-Up during the 2012 Proton Run	emittance, luminosity, proton, target	1394
	M. Kuhn Uni HH, Hamburg, Germany G. Arduini, P. Baudrenghien, J. Emery, A. Guerrero, W. Höfle, V. Kain, M. Lamont, T. Mastoridis, F. Roncarolo, M. Sapinski, M. Schaumann, R.J. Steinhagen, G. Trad, D. Valuch CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	About 30 % of the potential luminosity performance is lost through the different phases of the LHC cycle, mainly due to transverse emittance blow-up. Measuring the emittance growth is a difficult task with high intensity beams and changing energies. Improvements of the LHC transverse profile instrumentation helped to study various effects. A breakdown of the growth through the different phases of the LHC cycle is given as well as a comparison with the data from the LHC experiments for transverse beam size. In 2012 a number of possible sources and remedies have been studied. Among these are intra beam scattering, 50 Hz noise and the effect of the transverse damper gain. The results of the investigations are summarized in this paper. Requirements for transverse profile instrumentation for post LHC long shutdown operation to finally tackle the emittance growth are given as well.

TUPFI027	Energy Deposition Studies for Fast Losses during LHC Injection Failures	kicker, proton, quadrupole, alignment	1397
	A. Lechner, A. Alnuaimi, C. Bracco, F. Cerutti, A. Christov, L.S. Esposito, N.V. Shetty, V. Vlachoudis CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Several instances of injection kicker magnet (MKI) failures have occurred in the first years of LHC operation, leading to misinjections or to accidental kicks of circulating bunches. In a few cases, MKI modules imparted a partial or an increased beam deflection, resulting in grazing bunch impact on beam-intercepting devices and consequently leading to significant secondary showers to downstream accelerator elements. In this study, we investigate different failure occurrences where miskicked bunches were incident on the injection beam stopper (TDI) and on one of the auxiliary injection collimators (TCLIB), respectively. FLUKA shower calculations were performed to quantify the energy deposition in superconducting magnets. Different sections of the LHC insertion regions 2 and 8 were studied, including the separation dipole and the inner triplet downstream of the TDI as well as matching section and dispersion suppressor adjacent to the TCLIB. The obtained results are evaluated in view of quench and damage limits.

TUPFI028	Beam Losses Through the LHC Operational Cycle in 2012	proton, beam-losses, luminosity, emittance	1400
	G. Papotti, A.A. Gorzawski, M. Hostettler, R. Schmidt CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	We review the losses through the nominal LHC cycle for physics operation in 2012. The loss patterns are studied and categorized according to timescale, distribution, time in the cycle, which bunches are affected, whether coherent or incoherent. Possible causes and correlations are identified, e.g. to machine parameters or instability signatures. A comparison with losses in the previous years of operation is also shown.

TUPFI031	Effect of Collision Pattern in the LHC on the Beam Stability: Requirements from Experiments and Operational Considerations	luminosity, damping, proton, collider	1409
	W. Herr, G. Arduini, R. Giachino, E. Métral, G. Papotti, T. Pieloni CERN, Geneva, Switzerland X. Buffat, N. Mounet EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland S.M. White BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	Coherent instabilities of bunches in the LHC bunch train can be observed when the tune spread from beam-beam interactions becomes insufficient to ensure Landau damping. In particular these effects are seen on bunches with a reduced number of beam-beam interactions due to their collision pattern. Furthermore, such a reduction of the necessary stability can occur during the processes when the beams are prepared for collisions or during the optimization procedure. We discuss the observations and possible countermeasures, in particular alternatives to the existing beam manipulation processes where such a situation can occur.

TUPFI038	Operation of the Betatron Squeeze at the LHC	optics, betatron, luminosity, proton	1430
	S. Redaelli, X. Buffat, M. Lamont, G.J. Müller, M. Solfaroli Camillocci, R. Tomás, J. Wenninger CERN, Geneva, Switzerland G.J. Müller TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
	The betatron squeeze is one of the most delicate operational phases at the large Hadron collider as it entails changes of optics performed at top energy, with full intensities. Appropriate software was developed to handle the squeeze, which ensured an efficient commissioning down to a β^* of 60 cm and a smooth operation. Several optics configurations could be commissioned and put in operation for physics. The operational experience of the LHC runs from 2010 until 2012 is presented and the overall performance reviewed.

TUPFI045	Electron-cloud Maps for LHC Scrubbing Optimization	electron, simulation, dipole, beam-losses	1451
	C.O. Domínguez, F. Zimmermann CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Electron-cloud maps as alternative to detailed build-up simulations have already been applied in the past for a few accelerators, e.g. RHIC and the LHC at 7 TeV. We here report a first application of maps to optimize the "beam scrubbing" of the LHC arcs at injection energy: Maps are used to efficiently determine the optimum bunch filling pattern which maximizes the electron flux on the chamber wall, while respecting constraints on the central cloud density to ensure beam stability. In addition, new features have been explored, e.g. by introducing thresholds which divide regions where either linear maps or cubic maps best describe the build-up and the decay of an electron cloud. In the near future we plan to extend the map formalism to individual slices in a dipole file in order to represent the vertical "stripes".

TUPFI049	Studies of 10 GeV Decay Ring Design for the International Design Study of the Neutrino Factory	insertion, kicker, optics, storage-ring	1457
	D.J. Kelliher, C.R. Prior STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom N. Bliss, N.A. Collomb STFC/DL, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom A. Kurup, J. Pasternak Imperial College of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom J. Pasternak STFC/RAL, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom H. Witte BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	Due to the discovery of large θ13 the final muon storage energy in the baseline solution of International Design Study for the Neutrino Factory (IDS-NF) has been set at 10 GeV. A new racetrack design has been produced for the decay ring to meet this requirement. The details of lattice design and the beam dynamics calculations are discussed. The feasibility of the injection system for both positive and negative muons into the ring is explored in details.

TUPFI051	Optics Transition between Injection and Collision Optics for the HL-LHC Upgrade Project	quadrupole, optics, insertion, luminosity	1460
	M. Korostelev, A. Wolski The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom R. De Maria, S.D. Fartoukh CERN, Geneva, Switzerland M. Korostelev, A. Wolski Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
	Funding: The HiLumi LHC Design Study is included in the HL-LHC project and is partly funded by the European Commission within the Framework Programme 7 Capacities Specific Programme, Grant Agreement 284404. Plans for the luminosity upgrade of the LHC collider at CERN (HL-LHC) are based on implementation of magnets with larger apertures in the interaction regions, together with the ATS [] technique to reach very low values of the beta function at the collision points. The transition from injection to collision optics will be carried out in two stages, and will involve varying the strengths of the quadrupoles within the straight sections. Solutions for the optics transition have to meet a variety of challenging constraints, including constraints on the phase advances and Twiss parameters throughout the straights involved in the transition, specified minimum and maximum strengths of the quadrupoles, etc. Moreover, to minimize the time taken for the transition, the variation of the quadrupole strengths should be as smooth as possible, especially for the strongest quadrupoles. Avoiding changes of slope as much as possible will also minimize hysteresis effects in the super-conducting matching quadrupoles participating to the process. This paper presents one possible solution for the optics transition, calculated for the HLLHCv1.0 version of the optics and layout of the HL-LHC. S. Fartoukh, "An Achromatic Telescopic Squeezing (ATS) Scheme for LHC Upgrade", in proceedings of IPAC11, p. 2088.

TUPFI055	Stochastic Injection Scenarios and Performance for NuSTORM	storage-ring, target, proton, simulation	1469
	D.V. Neuffer Fermilab, Batavia, USA A. Liu Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
	At Fermilab, we are developing NuSTORM (Neutrinos from STORed Muons), a neutrino beam from muon decay in a long straight section of a storage ring. The baseline design for NuSTORM uses what was called “stochastic injection”. In that method, high-energy protons on a nuclear target produce pions that are directed by a chicane into a straight section of the storage ring. Pions that decay within that straight section can provide lower-energy muons that are within the circulating acceptance of the storage ring. This decay acceptance enables injection for multiple storage ring turns without kickers, and muon accumulation can be reasonably high. The design of a muon storage ring with pion injection is described and simulations of acceptance are discussed. Alternative injection approaches are also discussed.

TUPFI076	First RHIC Collider Test Operation at 2.5GeV Beam Energy	ion, multipole, dipole, luminosity	1523
	C. Montag, L. A. Ahrens, M. Bai, J. Beebe-Wang, I. Blackler, M. Blaskiewicz, J.M. Brennan, K.A. Brown, D. Bruno, R. Connolly, T. D'Ottavio, K.A. Drees, W. Fischer, C.J. Gardner, X. Gu, M. Harvey, T. Hayes, L.T. Hoff, H. Huang, R.L. Hulsart, J.S. Laster, C. Liu, Y. Luo, G.J. Marr, A. Marusic, F. Méot, K. Mernick, R.J. Michnoff, M.G. Minty, J. Morris, S. Nemesure, V.H. Ranjbar, G. Robert-Demolaize, T. Roser, V. Schoefer, F. Severino, T.C. Shrey, K.S. Smith, S. Tepikian, J.E. Tuozzolo, M. Wilinski, A. Zaltsman, K. Zeno, W. Zhang BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy. To search for the critical point in the QCD phase diagram, RHIC needs to operate at a set of low gold beam energies between 2.5 and 20 GeV per nucleon. During run 12, first successful collider operation at the lowest energy of 2.5 GeV per nucleon was achieved. We present the challenges and achieved results, and discuss possible future upgrades and improvements.

TUPFI084	RHIC Polarized Proton Operation for 2013	emittance, lattice, polarization, resonance	1544
	V.H. Ranjbar, L. A. Ahrens, E.C. Aschenauer, M. Bai, J. Beebe-Wang, M. Blaskiewicz, J.M. Brennan, K.A. Brown, D. Bruno, R. Connolly, T. D'Ottavio, K.A. Drees, Y. Dutheil, W. Fischer, C.J. Gardner, J.W. Glenn, X. Gu, M. Harvey, T. Hayes, H. Huang, R.L. Hulsart, A.I. Kirleis, J.S. Laster, C. Liu, Y. Luo, Y. Makdisi, G.J. Marr, A. Marusic, F. Méot, K. Mernick, R.J. Michnoff, M.G. Minty, C. Montag, J. Morris, S. Nemesure, P.H. Pile, A. Poblaguev, V. Ptitsyn, G. Robert-Demolaize, T. Roser, W.B. Schmidke, V. Schoefer, F. Severino, T.C. Shrey, D. Smirnov, K.S. Smith, D. Steski, S. Tepikian, D. Trbojevic, N. Tsoupas, J.E. Tuozzolo, G. Wang, M. Wilinski, K. Yip, A. Zaltsman, A. Zelenski, K. Zeno, S.Y. Zhang BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA O. Eyser UCR, Riverside, California, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The 2013 operation of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) marks the second year of running under the RHIC II era. Additionally this year saw the implementation of several important upgrades designed to push the intensity frontier. Two new E-lenses have been installed, along with a new lattice designed for the E-lens operation. A new polarized proton source which generates about factor of 2 more intensity was commissioned as well as a host of RF upgrades from a new longitudinal damper, Landau cavity in RHIC to a new low level RF and new harmonic structure for the AGS. We present an overview of the challenges and results from this years run.

TUPME008	Beam Dynamics Studies for the Injection System of a High Luminosity Flavour Factory	linac, electron, positron, luminosity	1577
	D. Pellegrini CERN, Geneva, Switzerland M.E. Biagini, S. Guiducci INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy
	The requirements, in terms of average luminosity and lifetimes, of high luminosity e⁺e⁻ colliders such as the Flavor factories, pose stringent constraints to the design of the injection complex. For the SuperB B-factory project at Tor Vergata, Italy, a design was developed to deliver full energy bunches (4.2 GeV e^- and 6.7 GeV e+) to the main rings every 30 ms aiming at a high and nearly constant luminosity. The system included a polarized electron gun, a positron production system, linac sections, a Damping Ring (DR) and transfer lines connecting to the collider Main Rings (MR). After the decision, due to budget issues, to rescale the project to a lower energy (2.3 GeV/beam) for a tau/charm flavour factory, the same design principles have been applied. In this paper beam dynamics studies from the DR to the MR entrance is presented, including optimization of the transfer lines and of the bunch compressor. A start to end simulation shows that the beam quality satisfies theinjection requirements, even in the presence of energy errors and collective effects like CSR and wakefields.

TUPME019	Simulation for Control of Longitudinal Beam Emittance in J-PARC MR	emittance, bunching, simulation, acceleration	1610
	M. Yamamoto, M. Nomura, A. Schnase, T. Shimada, F. Tamura JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan E. Ezura, K. Hara, K. Hasegawa, C. Ohmori, A. Takagi, K. Takata, M. Toda, M. Yoshii KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
	The J-PARC MR receives a high intensity beam from the RCS. The designed longitudinal emittance of the RCS is 5 eVs, whereas the MR rf bucket has enough margin to accept up to 10 eVs. Although the RCS emittance can be increased by using PM method and a large emittance is desirable to increase the bunching factor and to avoid instability, it is difficult to receive such large emittance beam in the MR because of the MR kicker performance. We have performed the particle tracking simulation of longitudinal emittance control for enlarging the beam emittance by PM method and for keeping the bunching factor high using 2nd harmonic rf during the MR injection period.

TUPME032	Update on Beam Induced RF Heating in the LHC	impedance, kicker, proton, simulation	1646
	B. Salvant, O. Aberle, G. Arduini, R.W. Aßmann, V. Baglin, M.J. Barnes, W. Bartmann, P. Baudrenghien, O.E. Berrig, A. Bertarelli, C. Bracco, E. Bravin, G. Bregliozzi, R. Bruce, F. Carra, F. Caspers, G. Cattenoz, S.D. Claudet, H.A. Day, M. Deile, J. Esteban Müller, P. Fassnacht, M. Garlaschè, L. Gentini, B. Goddard, A. Grudiev, B. Henrist, S. Jakobsen, O.R. Jones, O. Kononenko, G. Lanza, L. Lari, T. Mastoridis, V. Mertens, N. Mounet, E. Métral, A.A. Nosych, J.L. Nougaret, S. Persichelli, A.M. Piguiet, S. Redaelli, F. Roncarolo, G. Rumolo, B. Salvachua, M. Sapinski, R. Schmidt, E.N. Shaposhnikova, L.J. Tavian, M.A. Timmins, J.A. Uythoven, A. Vidal, J. Wenninger, D. Wollmann, M. Zerlauth CERN, Geneva, Switzerland H.A. Day UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom L. Lari IFIC, Valencia, Spain
	Since June 2011, the rapid increase of the luminosity performance of the LHC has come at the expense of increased temperature and pressure readings on specific near-beam LHC equipment. In some cases, this beam induced heating has caused delays whilie equipment cools down, beam dumps and even degradation of these devices. This contribution gathers the observations of beam induced heating attributable to beam coupling impedance, their current level of understanding and possible actions that are planned to be implemented during the long shutdown in 2013-2014.

TUPME033	Evaluation of the Beam Coupling Impedance of New beam Screen Designs for the LHC Injection Kicker Magnets	impedance, kicker, coupling, resonance	1649
	H.A. Day UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom M.J. Barnes, F. Caspers, E. Métral, B. Salvant CERN, Geneva, Switzerland R.M. Jones Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
	The LHC injection kicker magnets (MKIs) have experienced a significant degree of beam induced heating since the beginning of the 2011 due to the increasing intensity stored in the LHC, for long periods of time, and the relatively large broadband impedance of the installed kicker magnets. In this paper we show the sources of impedance in the MKIs, especially the effect that the beam screen dimensions have on the impedance. We show how these alter the power loss, and present an improved beam screen design that improves shielding on the magnet, whilst further improving electrical breakdown.

TUPME034	Experimental Studies for Future LHC Beams in the SPS	emittance, optics, brightness, space-charge	1652
	H. Bartosik, T. Argyropoulos, T. Bohl, S. Cettour-Cave, J. Esteban Müller, W. Höfle, G. Iadarola, Y. Papaphilippou, G. Rumolo, B. Salvant, F. Schmidt, E.N. Shaposhnikova, H. Timko CERN, Geneva, Switzerland A.Y. Molodozhentsev KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
	The High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) project requires significantly higher beam intensity than presently accessible in the LHC injector chain. The aim of the LHC injectors upgrade project (LIU) is to prepare the CERN accelerators for the future needs of the LHC. Therefore a series of machine studies with high brightness beams were performed, assessing the present performance reach and identifying remaining limitations. Of particular concern are beam loading and longitudinal instabilities at high energy, space charge for beams with 50ns bunch spacing and electron cloud effects for beams with 25ns bunch spacing. This paper provides a summary of the performed studies, that have been possible thanks to the implementation of the SPS low gamma-transition optics.

TUPME045	Turn-by-turn Measurements in the KEK-ATF	synchrotron, damping, betatron, emittance	1664
	Y. Renier, Y. Papaphilippou, R. Tomás, M. Wendt CERN, Geneva, Switzerland N. Eddy Fermilab, Batavia, USA K. Kubo, S. Kuroda, T. Naito, T. Okugi, N. Terunuma, J. Urakawa KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
	The ATF damping ring has been upgraded with new read-out electronics for the beam position monitors (BPM), capable to acquire the beam orbits on a turn-by-turn basis, as well as in a high resolution averaging mode. The new BPM system allows to improve optic corrections and to achieve an even smaller vertical emittance (<2pm). Experimental results are presented based on turn-by-turn beam orbit measurements in the ring, for estimating the beta functions and dispersion along the lattice. A fast method to measure spectral line amplitude in a few turns is also presented, including the evaluation of chromaticity.

TUPME056	3.5 GeV Superconducting Stacking Ring for Compton Based Polarized Positrons Source of CLIC	positron, damping, synchrotron, emittance	1697
	E.V. Bulyak, P. Gladkikh, A.A. Kalamayko NSC/KIPT, Kharkov, Ukraine T. Omori, J. Urakawa, K. Yokoya KEK, Ibaraki, Japan L. Rinolfi, F. Zimmermann CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	This paper describes 3.5 GeV superconducting storage ring dedicated to positron accumulation as part of a polarized positron source for CLIC, based on Compton scattering in a Compton storage ring. The superconducting stacking ring can provide a synchrotron damping time of order 250 microseconds. Together with combined injection scheme in the longitudinal and transverse plane, such a ring may solve the problem of accumulating a positron beam with efficiency close to 95 % and with the beam intensity required for CLIC.

TUPWA009	Bunch by Bunch Intra-Bunch Feedback System for Curing Transverse Beam Instabilities at the J-PARC MR	feedback, impedance, kicker, betatron	1739
	O. A. Konstantinova, Y.H. Chin, Y. Kurimoto, T. Obina, M. Okada, K. Takata, M. Tobiyama, T. Toyama KEK, Ibaraki, Japan Y. Shobuda JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan
	At the J-PARC Main Ring (MR), transverse instabilities have been observed during the injection and at the onset of acceleration with large particle losses. The present bunch by bunch feedback system, operating in a narrowband mode, has been effectively suppressing these instabilities, allowing the beam power to reach 230kW with only 400W of particle losses. The observed beam signals show that bunches are still executing complicated intra-bunch oscillations even if the narrowband feedback system is on, though they are not imposing significant particle losses at present. The new and more advanced broadband feedback system has been developed for control of the intra-bunch oscillations and further reduction of particle losses. The elaborate analysis code has been also developed on the MATLAB platform to analyse effects of the broadband feedback system on intra-bunch oscillations. This paper describes the development of these advanced instruments and presents the analysis of the latest beam test results using the MATLAB code.

TUPWO014	Downscaling the Energy of the MAMI-B Cascade Towards 100 MeV	microtron, dipole, extraction, electron	1910
	M. Dehn, K. Aulenbacher, K.-H. Kaiser, H.-J. Kreidel, V. Schmitt IKP, Mainz, Germany
	Funding: Work supported by DFG (CRC 443/1044) and the German federal state of Rheinland-Pfalz New experiments could benefit from energies of ~100 MeV, significantly lower than 180 MeV which is the lowest energy routinely available with the microtron cascade of MAMI-B. This article describes the difficulties which arise due to the drastically reduced injection energy of the first microtron (RTM-1) and presents the results of the beam tests which have been performed. We suggest a new beam extraction system from RTM-2 which will avoid these problems.

TUPWO015	Off-Energy Injection Into Newsubaru	lattice, septum, synchrotron, betatron	1913
	Y. Shoji LASTI, Hyogo, Japan Y. Minagawa, Y. Takemura JASRI/SPring-8, Hyogo-ken, Japan
	NewSUBARU is temporarily operated in non-achromatic mode for the research using chromaticity modulation. At this special mode, a normal injection scheme does not work because of the larger stored beam size and smaller ring acceptance. In order to obtain good injection efficiency, which enables top-up operation, the injected beam energy is displaced from the ring energy. The finite dispersion of 1.1 m at the injection point and the energy displacement of 0.7% reduce the betatron oscillation amplitude of the injected beam. A trade off is a synchrotron oscillation produced by the energy mismatch. Using this technique, it became possible to inject new beam using a closed fast injection bump and also a top-up operation. Although it is not possible to inject beam to a normal achromatic lattice using a closed bump. Especially in non-achromatic quasi-isochronous ring, it would be possible that the energy mismatch is reduced by the betatron amplitude dependent shift of the equilibrium energy.

TUPWO022	Space Charge Effects Study and Optimization in CSNS/LRBT	space-charge, emittance, lattice, linac	1928
	Z.P. Li, N. Huang, W.B. Liu, S. Wang IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	The linac to ring beam transport line (LRBT) of China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) connecting the linac and the rapid cycling synchrotron (RCS) transports 80 MeV negative hydrogen ions (H⁻) beams for RCS injection. Space charge effect in LRBT is significant due to small emittance and high current density of the beam, which is a major cause of emittance growth and beam loss. An achromatic transverse optical matching was performed by TRACE 3D code. Emittance growths of beams with different initial distributions in different LRBT lattices were studied separately. Simulation results show that the LRBT design with triplet can mitigate the emittance growth by lattice optimization of the front matching section and no beam loss occurs at 15mA. The location and parameters of the debuncher in LRBT were also optimized to reduce the momentum spread and energy jitter.

TUPWO031	Double-mini-beta Optics for the SSRF Storage Ring	optics, dynamic-aperture, storage-ring, emittance	1943
	S.Q. Tian, B.C. Jiang, M.Z. Zhang, Z.T. Zhao SINAP, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
	The two long straight sections of the SSRF storage ring will be installed by dual canted in-vacuum insertion devices in the near future. In order to get high brightness and maintain good machine performance, the vertical beta function must be reduced by a triplet of quadrupole between the two source points, which is the so-called double-mini-beta optics. We have designed this kind of optics for SSRF, and the results are presented in this paper.

TUPWO041	Beam Size and Emittance Measurements during the ALBA Booster Ramp	booster, emittance, linac, dipole	1964
	U. Iriso, G. Benedetti CELLS-ALBA Synchrotron, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
	The beam emittance in the ALBA Booster is damped from 50·10^-6 mrad to 10^-9 mrad during the energy acceleration from 110 MeV to 3 GeV. The synchrotron radiation monitor installed in a dipole magnet provides the transverse beam size evolution along the energy ramp, which is then used to calculate the emittance evolution during the full booster cycle (from injection to extraction). In this report, we present the experimental set-up and technique of this measurement, and discuss the agreement between the measured parameters and theoretical values.

TUPWO049	Automatic Correction of Betatron Coupling in the LHC using Injection Oscillations	coupling, controls, quadrupole, betatron	1979
	T. Persson, T. Bach, D. Jacquet, V. Kain, Y.I. Levinsen, E.H. Maclean, M.J. McAteer, P.K. Skowroński, R. Tomás, G. Vanbavinckhove CERN, Geneva, Switzerland R. Miyamoto ESS, Lund, Sweden
	The control of the betatron coupling at injection and during the energy ramp is critical for the safe operation of the tune feedback and for the dynamic aperture. In the LHC every fill is preceded by the injection of a pilot bunch with low intensity. Using the injection oscillations from the pilot bunch we are able to measure the coupling at each individual BPM. The measurement is used to calculate a global coupling correction. The correction is based on the use of two orthogonal knobs which correct the real and imaginary part of the difference resonance term f1001, respectively. This method to correct the betatron coupling has been proven successful during the normal operation of the LHC. This paper presents the method used to calculate the corrections and its performance.

TUPWO056	Modelling of the EMMA ns-FFAG Ring using GPT	space-charge, simulation, electron, closed-orbit	1994
	R.T.P. D'Arcy UCL, London, United Kingdom J.K. Jones, B.D. Muratori STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom S.B. van der Geer Pulsar Physics, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
	EMMA (Electron Machine with Many Applications) is a prototype non-scaling Fixed-Field Alternating Gradient (ns-FFAG) accelerator whose construction at Daresbury Laboratory, UK, was completed in the autumn of 2010. The energy recovery linac ALICE serves as an injector for the EMMA ring, within an effective energy range of 10 to 20 MeV. The ring is composed of 42 cells, each containing one focusing and one defocusing quadrupole. Acceleration over many turns of the EMMA machine has recently been confirmed. In some cases the bunch will traverse upwards of 100 turns, at which point the effects of space-charge may be significant. It is therefore necessary to model the electron beam transport in the ring using a code capable of both calculating the effect of and compensating for space-charge. Therefore the General Particle Tracer (GPT) code has been used. A range of injection beam parameters have been modelled for comparison with experimental results and those of other codes. The simulated effects of space-charge on the tune shift of the machine are also compared with those expected from theory.

TUPWO057	Active Shimming of Dynamic Multipoles of an APPLE II Undulator in the Diamond Storage Ring	polarization, optics, vacuum, undulator	1997
	B. Singh, R. Bartolini, R.T. Fielder, E.C. Longhi, I.P.S. Martin, S.P. Mhaskar, R.P. Walker Diamond, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom R. Bartolini JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom
	Diamond plans to operate a 5 m, long period length, APPLE undulator in a long insertion straight section. Theoretical investigations showed a severe impact on machine dynamics especially when the device is operated in vertical polarization mode. The use of local optics corrections and/or lowering of beta functions were initially investigated as possible solutions but with limited success. Active shimming of dynamic multipoles, following the approach at BESSY-II, proved more effective. The optimum shiming has been devised using kick map approach. In this paper we review the theoretical analysis, the commissioning of the active shims and the undulator, and the net effect of the undulator after compensation.

TUPWO064	Online Optimization Algorithms for Accelerators and Experimental Results	coupling, optics, quadrupole, simulation	2012
	X. Huang, W.J. Corbett, J.A. Safranek, J. Wu SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
	Online optimization of accelerators is becoming increasingly more important as accelerator systems become more and more complex. Online accelerator optimization is generally a multi-variant nonlinear problem with considerable noise. Efficiency and robustness are critical for online applications. Therefore optimization algorithms require special considerations. In this study we evaluate the viability of several online optimization algorithms for both ring and linac machines. Numerical simulations and experimental tests are presented to investigate performance of the algorithms.

TUPWO068	Performance Improvements of the SLAC Linac for the FACET Beam	linac, emittance, quadrupole, klystron	2021
	F.-J. Decker, N. Lipkowitz, E. Marín, Y. Nosochkov, J. Sheppard, M.K. Sullivan, Y. Sun, M.-H. Wang, G.R. White, U. Wienands, M. Woodley, G. Yocky SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
	Funding: Work supported by U.S.Department of Energy, Contract DE-AC02-76SF00515. Two thirds of the SLAC Linac is used to generate a short, intense electron beam for the FACET experiments. The emittance growth along the Linac is a major concern to finally get small spot sizes for these experiments. There are two different approaches to get the required small emittances: a) lengthy iterative global tuning technique, and b) trying to identify locations of the main sources of the emittance growth and reducing their effect locally. How these approaches help to get good beam performances is discussed.

WEPWA004	Multi-turn ERL Based Light Source: Analysis of Injection and Recovery Schemes	linac, cryomodule, optics, acceleration	2129
	Y. Petenev, T. Atkinson, A.V. Bondarenko, A.N. Matveenko HZB, Berlin, Germany
	The optics simulation group at HZB is designing a multi-turn energy recovery linac -based light source. Using the superconducting Linac technology, the Femto-Science-Factory(FSF) will provide its users with ultra-bright photon beams of angstrom wavelength. The FSF is intended to be a multi-user facility and offer a variety of operation modes. The driver of the facility is a 6GeV multiturn energy recovery linac with a split linac. In this paper we compare different schemes of beam acceleration: a direct injection scheme with acceleration in a 6 GeV linac, a two-stage injection with acceleration in a 6 GeV linac, and a multi-turn (3-turn) scheme with a two-stage injection and two main 1 GeV linacs. The key points were costs and beam break up instability.

WEPWA013	Injection Scheme into the High Field ILSF Storage Ring	kicker, electron, storage-ring, booster	2156
	H. Ghasem IPM, Tehran, Iran E. Ahmadi, F. Saeidi ILSF, Tehran, Iran
	The injection system into a storage ring of a synchrotron radiation facility significantly affects quality of the electron beam and the radiated x-ray. The extracted 3 GeV electron beam from the booster synchrotron of the ILSF is transferred via the BTS transfer line and injected into the ILSF storage ring based on high field lattice structure. This paper describes the injection procedure into the ILSF storage ring and gives the electron tracking results of the injected beam.

WEPWA016	Production of Intense High Energy Gamma Beam for LEPS2 Project at SPring-8	laser, storage-ring, electron, scattering	2162
	T. Yorita, T. Hotta, N. Muramatsu, T. Nakano, M. Oka, M. Yosoi RCNP, Osaka, Japan S. Daté, Y. Ohashi, H. Ohkuma, M. Oishi, Y. Okayasu, M. Shoji, S. Suzuki, Y. Taniuchi JASRI/SPring-8, Hyogo-ken, Japan
	Construction of new beam line for LEPS2 Project at SPring-8 has been done and development is now undergoing. LEPS2 is the project for high energy hadron physics using intense high energy gamma beam as probe. The gamma beam is produced by laser backward Compton scattering with injecting high power UV laser into the 8 GeV electron beam on long straight section of SPring-8 storage ring. The target intensities are ~10⁷/s for E_γ=2.4 GeV, ~10⁶/s for E_γ=2.9 GeV.

WEPWA018	Pulsed Sextupole Injection for BAPS	sextupole, emittance, septum, storage-ring	2168
	Y. Jiao, G. Xu IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	In this paper we present the physical design of the pulsed sextupole injection system for Beijing Advanced Photon Source (BAPS) with an ultralow emittance. The BAPS ring lattice is designed in such a way that two injection options are allowed, i.e., with septum and pulsed sextupole in different drift spaces or in the same drift space. For both options optimal conditions are obtained for high injection efficiency. It is found that the available efficiency in a storage ring with limited acceptance can be affected by position-dependent dispersive effect induced by the pulsed sextupoles.

WEPWA051	Extraction Beam Line for Light Sources	extraction, emittance, kicker, optics	2232
	M. Aiba, M. Böge, T. Garvey, N. Milas, A. Saá Hernández, A. Streun PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
	Most of measurements, with circulating beam in a ring, to determine transverse and longitudinal phase space volume are rather indirect although it is of importance to characterize these beam parameters for better understanding the machine. Direct measurements may be performed when the beam is extracted to a beam line, where destructive methods are available. However, light sources can tolerate internal beam dumping and thus do not have an extraction line in general. We, therefore, propose a diagnostic dedicated extraction line, motivated by precise determination of the geometrical vertical emittance, which can be a few pm or even less and general comparisons of direct and indirect measurements. Such an extraction beam line has been realized in several accelerator facilities, e.g. KEK-ATF. The idea is, however, to equip a compact beam line, which fits into the existing tunnel and allows us to measure transverse and longitudinal emittances. We present possible design of an extraction beam line assuming typical light source parameters.

WEPWA060	The Kharkov X-ray Generator Facility NESTOR	storage-ring, electron, lattice, controls	2253
	A.A. Shcherbakov, V.P. Androsov, N. Ayzatsky, V.N. Boriskin, E.V. Bulyak, A.N. Dovbnya, P. Gladkikh, A.N. Gordienko, V.A. Grevtsev, A. Gvozd, V.E. Ivashchenko, A.A. Kalamayko, I.I. Karnaukhov, I.M. Karnaukhov, V.P. Kozin, V.A. Kushnir, V.P. Lyashchenko, V.S. Margin, N.I. Mocheshnikov, V.V. Mytrochenko, A. Mytsykov, I.M. Neklyudov, T.F. Nikitina, F.A. Peev, O.V. Ryezayev, V.L. Skirda, V.A. Skomorokhov, Y.N. Telegin, V.I. Trotsenko, A.Y. Zelinsky, O.D. Zvonarjova NSC/KIPT, Kharkov, Ukraine J.I.M. Botman TUE, Eindhoven, The Netherlands I.V. Drebot LAL, Orsay, France
	The last few years the sources of the X-rays NESTOR based on a storage ring with low beam energy and Compton scattering of intense laser beam are under design and development in NSC KIPT. The main task of the project is to develop compact intense X-ray generator on the base of relatively cheap accelerator equipment and up-to-date laser technologies. The paper is devoted to description of the last results on construction and commissioning of the facility.

WEPWA065	A Non-linear Injection Kicker for Diamond Light Source	kicker, emittance, quadrupole, septum	2268
	T. Pulampong, R. Bartolini JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom R. Bartolini Diamond, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
	Ultra-low emittance lattices will operate with reduced dynamics apertures. New injection schemes are currently investigated in order to guarantee sufficient injection efficiency. A promising candidate is a pulsed kicker with a nonlinear magnetic field. The studies presented in this paper prove that this kicker allows injection with reduced dynamic aperture and provide minimal perturbation of the stored beam during Top-Up injection. Plans to install such a device at the Diamond light source are outlined.

WEPWO073	RF Design Optimization for New Injector Cryounit at CEBAF	cavity, coupling, cryomodule, SRF	2471
	H. Wang, G. Cheng, F.E. Hannon, A.S. Hofler, R. Kazimi, J.P. Preble, R.A. Rimmer JLAB, Newport News, Virginia, USA
	Funding: Authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177. A new injector superconducting RF (SRF) cryounit with one new 2-cell, β=0.6 cavity plus one refurbished 7-cell, β=0.97, C100 style cavity has been re-designed and optimized for the engineering compatibility of existing module for CEBAF operation. The optimization of 2-cell cavity shape for longitudinal beam dynamic of acceleration from 200keV to 533keV and the minimization of transverse kick due to the waveguide couplers to less than 1 mrad have been considered. Operating at 1497MHz, two cavities has been designed into a same footprint of CEBAF original quarter cryomodule to deliver an injection beam energy of 5MeV in less than 0.27o rms bench length and a maximum energy spread of 5keV.

WEPEA014	Recent Electron Cloud Studies in the SPS	electron, emittance, simulation, vacuum	2525
	G. Iadarola, H. Bartosik, M. Driss Mensi, H. Neupert, G. Rumolo, M. Taborelli CERN, Geneva, Switzerland G. Iadarola Naples University Federico II, Science and Technology Pole, Napoli, Italy
	It is important to qualify the present status of the SPS with respect to the electron cloud before the Long Shutdown of the CERN accelerator complex, which will take place in 2013-2014. Therefore several electron cloud studies were performed during the 2012 run in order to get a full characterization of the behavior of the SPS with the LHC-type beams with 25 ns bunch spacing, which can be very sensitive to electron cloud effects. The collected information should allow to understand up to which extent this long period without beam operation - and the related interventions on the machine - will degrade the present conditioning state of the SPS, which has been achieved by “scrubbing” over several years. Several measurements with different beam conditions have been collected also on the electron cloud detectors installed in the machine. These results, in combination with detailed simulation studies, will provide the basis for defining strategies of electron cloud mitigation as required for the production of future high intensity and high brightness beams within the LHC Injectors Upgrade (LIU) project.

WEPEA015	Possibility Study of High Repetition Rate Operation of JPARC Main Ring	sextupole, multipole, quadrupole, space-charge	2528
	K. Fan, S. Igarashi, K. Ishii, T. Koseki, M. Uota KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

MOXBB101

Challenges facing High Power Proton Accelerators

linac, proton, ion, rfq

1

M.A. Plum
ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA

Funding: ORNL/SNS is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725.
This presentation will provide an overview of the challenges and experiences of high power proton accelerators such as SNS, J-PARC, etc. and what we have learned from experiences and how to mitigate beam losses.

Slides MOXBB101 [6.734 MB]

MOYAB101

The First Years of LHC Operation for Luminosity Production

luminosity, proton, emittance, feedback

6

M. Lamont
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

A summary of the first 3 years of LHC operation is presented with a discussion on the performance ramp-up, operation efficiencies and system reliability. The main contributory factors to peak and integrated luminosity performance are outlined.

Slides MOYAB101 [12.139 MB]

MOYBB101

Review of Laser Wakefield Accelerators

electron, laser, plasma, wakefield

11

V. Malka
LOA, Palaiseau, France

Funding: European Research Council for funding the PARIS ERC project (Contract No. 226424). EC FP7 LASERLABEUROPE/ LAPTECH (Contract No. 228334) EuCARD/ANAC, EC FP7 (Contract No. 227579)
This review talk will highlight the tremendous evolution of the research on laser wakefield accelerators* that has, in record time, led to the production of high quality electron beams beyond the GeV level, using compact laser systems. I will describe the path we followed to explore different injection schemes (bubble, colliding laser pulses, injection in gradient, longitudinal and transverse, ionisation injection) and I will present the most significant breakthroughs which allowed to generate stable, high peak current and high quality electron beams, with control of the charge, of the relative energy spread and of the electron energy. Modelling and experimental results will be as well reported with examples of applications**.
* V. Malka, Physics of Plasmas 19, 055501 (2012)
** V. Malka et al., Nature Physics 4, 447 (2008)

Slides MOYBB101 [14.550 MB]

MOODB201

Proton-nucleus Collisions in the LHC

luminosity, proton, heavy-ion, ion

49

J.M. Jowett, R. Alemany-Fernandez, P. Baudrenghien, D. Jacquet, M. Lamont, D. Manglunki, S. Redaelli, M. Sapinski, M. Schaumann, M. Solfaroli Camillocci, R. Tomás, J.A. Uythoven, D. Valuch, R. Versteegen, J. Wenninger
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Following the high integrated luminosity accumulated in the first two Pb-Pb collision runs in 2010 and 2011, the LHC heavy-ion physics community requested a first run with p-Pb collisions. This almost unprecedented mode of collider operation was not foreseen in the baseline design of the LHC whose two-in-one magnet design imposed equal rigidity and, hence, unequal revolution frequencies, during injection and ramp. Nevertheless, after a successful pilot physics fill in 2012, the LHC provided 31 nb^-1 of p-Pb luminosity per experiment, at an energy of 5.02 TeV per colliding nucleon pair, with several variations of the operating conditions, in early 2013. Together with a companion p-p run at 2.76 TeV, this was the last physics before the present long shutdown. We summarise the beam physics, operational adaptations and strategy that resulted in extremely rapid commissioning. Finally, we give an account of the progress of the run and provide an analysis of the performance.

Slides MOODB201 [6.547 MB]

MOODB203

vSTORM Facility Design and Simulation

target, proton, optics, dipole

55

A. Liu, A.D. Bross, D.V. Neuffer
Fermilab, Batavia, USA
S.-Y. Lee
Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA

Funding: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
A facility producing neutrinos from muons that decay in a storage ring can provide an extremely well understood neutrino beam for oscillation physics and the search for sterile neutrinos. The "neutrinos from STORed Muons"(nuSTORM) facility is based on this idea. The facility includes a target station with secondary particle collection, pion transfer line, pion injection, and a ~3.8 GeV/c muon storage ring. No muon cooling or RF sub-systems are required. The injection scenario for nuSTORM avoids the use of a separate pion decay channel and fast kickers. This paper reports a detailed description of the proposed injection scheme with full G4beamline simulations. We also present progresses on possible design options for a muon racetrack decay ring.

Slides MOODB203 [14.079 MB]

MOPEA001

Status of the Australian Synchrotron Top-Up Operations

storage-ring, synchrotron, linac, diagnostics

58

M.J. Boland, R.T. Dowd, G. LeBlanc, D.C. McGilvery, D. Morris, Y.E. Tan, J. Trewhella, D. Zhu, E.D. van Garderen
ASCo, Clayton, Victoria, Australia

In May 2012 the Australian Synchrotron commenced Top-Up Operations for User beamtime. The facility was designed for top-up from the start with a full energy 3 GeV injection system, however top-up only became a priority once the beamline user community had established itself at the new facility in operation since April 2007. New beam diagnostic and equipment protections systems were implemented as part of the move to top-up, including a new injection efficiency monitoring system. The effect of top-up on the beamline data was also tested with each beamline prior to engaging top-up during user runs. Top-up has now been running successfully for one year and the performance statistics from this period will be presented. Top-up operations is a very popular standard mode for user beam and falling into decay mode is now treated almost as a beam dump.

MOPEA002

1.5 GeV Low Energy Mode for the Australian Synchrotron

storage-ring, booster, extraction, synchrotron

61

R. Clarken, M.J. Boland, Y.E. Tan
ASCo, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
J.S. Hughes, K.P. Wootton
The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia

The Australian Synchrotron injection system and storage ring have been retuned to 1.5 GeV for use in special operations and machine development modes. The systems were designed for 3 GeV user operations but for certain research a lower energy of 1.5 GeV is advantageous. A description of how the new low energy mode was achieved is given, including extraction on the fly from the booster synchrotron and scaling of the storage ring lattice.

MOPEA006

Operation and Performance Upgrade of the SOLEIL Storage Ring

feedback, vacuum, power-supply, dipole

73

A. Nadji, F. Bouvet, P. Brunelle, A. Buteau, L. Cassinari, M.-E. Couprie, N. Hubert, M. Labat, J.-F. Lamarre, P. Lebasque, A. Lestrade, A. Loulergue, P. Marchand, J.L. Marlats, L.S. Nadolski, R. Nagaoka, M.-A. Tordeux
SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette, France

SOLEIL delivers photons to 26 beamlines and 3 new ones are under construction together with the femtoslicing project. Up to 5 filling patterns are available for the users including a low alpha mode; all of them are in Top-up injection. The beam current for the users has been increased to 430 mA in the multibunch mode. The Storage Ring (SR) is running with a new optics incorporating an additional quadrupole triplet in one long straight section. The beam position stability remains excellent. Vertical positions from the dipole X-BPMs have been included in the orbit feedbacks loop with very encouraging results. A feedback loop maintaining the emittance coupling close to 1% for any Insertion Devices (IDs) configuration has been implemented. Up to 25 very diverse IDs are now installed on the SR, and several others are under design or construction. In house developments are being carried out in several domains such as construction of SR dipole power supply spare and of 70 kW-500 MHz solid state amplifiers, design of a pulsed multipole magnet for injection, and a Robinson wiggler, as well as a feasibility study of a local reduction of the emittance in one of the long straight sections.

MOPEA008

A Low-Emittance Lattice for the ESRF

lattice, sextupole, emittance, dipole

79

L. Farvacque, N. Carmignani, J. Chavanne, A. Franchi, G. Le Bec, S.M. Liuzzo, B. Nash, T.P. Perron, P. Raimondi
ESRF, Grenoble, France

In the framework of its upgrade, the ESRF is looking at a new lattice for replacing the present Double Bend Achromat structure. This new lattice must have the same length and periodicity as the present one and keep the beamline source points unchanged. We will describe our design of an 844 m long lattice based on a 7-bend achromat. It is optimized for minimising the operation costs, in particular the wall-plug power, provides a large dynamic aperture allowing off-axis injection with the present ESRF injector, and gives an horizontal emittance of less than 200 pm at 6 GeV, thus considerably improving the brilliance and transverse coherence of the ESRF.

MOPEA013

Radioactive Beam Accumulation for a Storage Ring Experiment with an Internal Target

target, electron, ion, kicker

91

F. Nolden, C. Dimopoulou, R. Grisenti, C.M. Kleffner, S.A. Litvinov, W. Maier, C. Peschke, P. Petri, U. Popp, M. Steck, H. Weick, D.F.A. Winters, T. Ziglasch
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany

A radioactive ⁵⁶Ni beam was successfully accumulated for an experiment with an internal hydrogen target at the storage ring ESR of GSI, Germany. The radioactive beam was produced and separated at the GSI fragment separator from a stable ⁵⁸Ni beam. About 6·10⁴ ⁵⁶Ni ions were injected into the ESR on a high relative momentum orbit. The beam was subjected to stochastic cooling, bunched and transported to a low relative momentum orbit where it was neither disturbed by the field of the partial aperture injection kicker nor by the fields of the stochastic cooling kickers. Slightly below this deposition momentum, the beam was accumulated and continuously cooled by means of electron cooling. For each experiment with internal hydrogen target, about 80 shots were injected consecutively, leading to a stored beam of roughly 5·10⁶ particles.

MOPEA027

New Optics with Emittance Reduction at the SPring-8 Storage Ring

optics, emittance, photon, sextupole

133

Y. Shimosaki, K. Fukami, K.K. Kaneki, K. Kobayashi, M. Masaki, C. Mitsuda, T. Nakamura, T. Nakanishi, H. Ohkuma, M. Oishi, M. Shoji, K. Soutome, S. Takano, M. Takao
JASRI/SPring-8, Hyogo-ken, Japan

The machine tuning of a new optics is in progress at the SPring-8 storage ring, in order not only to provide brilliant photons for current users but also to study a strategy of a lattice design and a tuning scenario for the upgrade project SPring-8 II. The natural emittance is reduced to 2.4 nmrad from the present value of 3.4 nmrad without any change of magnet positions. The flux density 1.3 times higher than the present was observed at the diagnostics beamline. The nominal injection efficiency of the order of 80 % has been achieved (the present: 92 %) by correcting the error of the optics function, by adjusting the strength of the injection magnets and by optimizing the sextupole magnetic fields. The beam lifetime was 13 h at 1 mA / bunch (the present: 22 h), and the momentum aperture estimated from the measurement of the Touschek lifetime was 2.3 % (the present: 2.8 %). Though these are tolerable to the user operation, further optimization of the sextupoles is ongoing. After verifying the photon beam performance at beamlines, this new optics will be applied to the user operation. The optics design and its beam performance will be presented in detail.

MOPEA028

Present Status of the KEK PF-Ring and PF-AR

undulator, polarization, photon, linac

136

K. Tsuchiya, S. Asaoka, K. Haga, K. Harada, T. Honda, Y. Honda, M. Isawa, Y. Kamiya, T. Miyajima, H. Miyauchi, S. Nagahashi, N. Nakamura, T. Nogami, T. Obina, T. Ozaki, H. Sagehashi, H. Sakai, S. Sakanaka, H. Sasaki, Y. Sato, M. Shimada, K. Shinoe, T. Shioya, M. Tadano, T. Tahara, T. Takahashi, R. Takai, Y. Tanimoto, T. Uchiyama, A. Ueda, K. Umemori, M. Yamamoto
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
H. Takaki
ISSP/SRL, Chiba, Japan

In KEK, two synchrotron light sources have been operated. One is the 2.5 GeV Photon Factory storage ring (PF-ring) and the other is the 6.5 GeV Photon Factory advanced ring (PF-AR). In this paper, present operational status and recent R&D activities such as fast local bump system for helicity switching undulator, hybrid injection system, pulsed-sextupole injection, etc. Futhermore, upgrade plan towards the top-up injection of 6.5 GeV PF-AR ring is underway. Construction of the straight injection tunnel from linac to PF-AR will be started next fiscal year. Design detail and strategy for the injection scheme will be reported.

MOPEA029

Status of UVSOR III

undulator, vacuum, sextupole, quadrupole

139

T. Konomi, M. Adachi, K. Hayashi, M. Katoh, J. Yamazaki
UVSOR, Okazaki, Japan
M. Adachi, M. Katoh
Sokendai - Okazaki, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan

UVSOR-III is the 750 MeV synchrotron light source. In 2012, three new components were installed in the storage ring. First one is combined function bending magnets to reduce the emittance from 27 nm-rad to 17 nm-rad. These magnets can produce dipole, quadrupole and sextupole fields at the same time. Second ones are an in-vacuum undulator and a beam line. It was installed at 1.5 m straight section, which is the last section reserved for insertion devices. As a result, UVSOR-III is now equipped with six undulators. It would provide soft X-rays to a scanning transmission X-ray microscope (STXM) beam-line. Last one is a newly designed pulse sextupole magnet at the injection point. This is beneficial to the user experiments in the top-up operation mode. Fine machine tuning is in progress.

MOPEA030

Status of UVSOR-III

undulator, vacuum, cavity, sextupole

142

N. Yamamoto
Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
T. Konomi
UVSOR, Okazaki, Japan

Construction of the Central Japan Synchrotron Radiation (SR) Facility has been completed in the Aichi area of Japan, and the beam commissioning was started in Spring of 2012. Up to now, it is confirmed that the 1.2 GeV storage ring works with 300 mA Top-up mode. The key equipments of the accelerators are a compact electron storage ring with the ability to supply hard X-rays and full energy injectors for the top-up operation. The accelerators consist of an electron storage ring, a booster synchrotron ring, and an injector linac. In this prezentation, the present status of the accelerators are reported.

MOPEA045

Performance Optimization and Upgrade of the SSRF Storage Ring

storage-ring, emittance, optics, cavity

178

Z.T. Zhao, B.C. Jiang, Y.B. Leng, S.Q. Tian, L. Yin, W.Z. Zhang
SINAP, Shanghai, People's Republic of China

The SSRF storage ring achieved its design performance goal in 2008, in the following years its performance was optimized and improved, including implementing top-up operation and low emittance lattice configuration as well as other attempts like fast orbit feedback and low alpha mode. In order to meet the requirements of accommodating more beamlines and high demanding performance in its phase-II beamline project, the SSRF storage ring is being upgraded with a design based on superbend based lattice and a third harmonic RF cavity system. This paper presents the main optimization works and the upgrade design considerations on the SSRF storage ring performance.

MOPEA046

Solaris Project Progress

storage-ring, linac, vacuum, klystron

181

A.I. Wawrzyniak, C.J. Bocchetta, P.B. Borowiec, D. Einfeld, P.P. Goryl, M. Młynarczyk, R. Nietubyć, M.P. Nowak, W. Soroka, M.J. Stankiewicz, P. Szostak, P.S. Tracz, Ł. Walczak, K. Wawrzyniak, J.J. Wiechecki, M. Zając, L. Żytniak
Solaris, Kraków, Poland
D. Einfeld
MAX-lab, Lund, Sweden
R. Nietubyć
NCBJ, Świerk/Otwock, Poland

Funding: Work supported by the European Regional Development Fund within the frame of the Innovative Economy Operational Program:POIG.02.01.00-12-213/09
Solaris is a 3rd generation light source facility being built in Kraków, Poland at the Jagiellonian University Campus. The project is being accomplished in a tight collaboration with the MAX IV Laboratory in Lund, Sweden. The Solaris 1.5 GeV storage ring is a replica of the MAX IV 1.5 GeV machine, whereas the injector and the transfer line although based on the same components, are unique for Solaris. One of the main differences is the 600 MeV injection energy requiring an energy ramp in the storage ring to the final operating energy of 1.5 GeV. The construction of the facility started in early 2010 and is planned to be finished in the autumn 2014. Up to now, 70% of the components have been procured and construction of the buildings in progress with expected handover in autumn 2013. This paper will give an update on infrastructure progress and design choices for shielding, service area placement of racks and routing of piping and cables. An update is also presented of machine layout that includes the injector, transfer line and storage ring.

MOPEA049

The First Experience of PLS-II Operation

linac, storage-ring, lattice, insertion

190

S.H. Nam, M.-H. Cho, J.Y. Huang, C.D. Park, S. Shin
PAL, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea

Funding: Mministry of Education, Science and Technology (MEST) of Korea
One of recent major activities of the Pohang Accelerator Laboratory (PAL) in Korea has been PLS-II user operation. The PLS-II is a Korea’s only and brand new 3rd generation synchrotron radiation source that was upgraded from the 16-year-old PLS in 2011. The old PLS started user service from 1995 and shutdown on Dec. 10, 2010. The PLS-II has been open to users from March 2012 with upgraded performance. The performance parameters of the PLS-II are 5.8 nm-rad emittance, 3.0GeV beam energy, and 400mA beam current with the top-up injection. The unique feature of PLS-II will be the implementation of 20 insertion-devices in a compact double-bend-achromat storage ring of 280m-long circumference. Among 20 insertion-devices, 14 are in-vacuum undulators. The first year operation in 2012 will be successfully completed and the operational statistics will be summarized and discussed.

MOPEA060

Design of Low Momentum Compaction Lattices for the TPS Storage Ring

lattice, emittance, sextupole, dipole

217

C.-C. Kuo, H.-J. Tsai
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan

The nominal bunch length is around 10 ps rms in the Taiwan Photon Source (TPS), which is currently under construction. To further reduce bunch length to a few ps rms range, low momentum compaction factor configurations (low alpha), i.e., quasi-isochronous machines, are designed. The beam dynamics issues of the TPS low alpha lattices are reported.

MOPEA061

Operation Experience at Taiwan Light Source

kicker, SRF, cavity, diagnostics

220

Y.-C. Liu, H.H. Chen, H.C. Chen, S. Fann, S.J. Huang, J.A. Li, C.C. Liang, Y.K. Lin, Y.-H. Lin, M.-S. Yeh
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan

A matrix structure has been implemented for the purpose of successful operation of TLS and continuous progress of Taiwan Photon Source (TPS) construction. A dedicated and flexible manpower distribution has proven it could keep as same performance of TLS operation as possible. We will summarize the machine operation experience at TLS during TPS civil construction period.

MOPEA063

The First Results of the NESTOR Commissioning

storage-ring, dipole, electron, focusing

225

A.Y. Zelinsky, V.P. Androsov, O. Bezditko, V.N. Boriskin, P. Gladkikh, A.N. Gordienko, V.A. Grevtsev, A. Gvozd, V.E. Ivashchenko, A.A. Kalamayko, I.I. Karnaukhov, I.M. Karnaukhov, D. Korzhov, V.P. Kozin, V.A. Kushnir, V.P. Lyashchenko, M.P. Maksim, V.S. Margin, N.I. Mocheshnikov, V.V. Mytrochenko, A. Mytsykov, F.A. Peev, O.V. Ryezayev, V.P. Sergienko, A.A. Shcherbakov, S. Sheyko, V.L. Skirda, Y.N. Telegin, V.I. Trotsenko, O.P. Zolochevskij, O.D. Zvonarjova
NSC/KIPT, Kharkov, Ukraine

In the paper the first results of the NESTOR facility are presented. 60 MeV electron linac injector has been tested and the first electron beam with project parameters was registered at the screen monitors. Electron beam was passed through the transportation channel and injection system. As a result, the first turn of the storage ring was closed.

MOPEA066

Investigation and Test of the Possibility of Reducing the Emittance of the Diamond Storage Ring

emittance, optics, lattice, wiggler

234

B. Singh, M. Apollonio, R. Bartolini, E.C. Longhi
Diamond, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
R. Bartolini, T. Pulampong
JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom

Theoretical and experimental studies have been carried out at the Diamond Light Source to assess the possibility of reducing the emittance of the existing storage ring by means of a change to the optics. The optics solutions obtained so far using a Multi Objective Genetic Algorithm (MOGA) increase the dispersion and the horizontal beta function in the straight section. While the emittance can be reduced to 2.1 nm this optics is limited by the operation of high field superconducting wiggler devices. In this report we present details of the new optics and present results of practical tests. We also compare the theoretical emittance growth due to a wiggler in a dispersive region with test results.

MOPEA069

Tuning of the Injector System to Match Possible Lattice Upgrades at Diamond Light Source

linac, booster, lattice, storage-ring

243

C. Christou, R. Bartolini, J. Kay
Diamond, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
R. Bartolini
JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom

Studies of novel lattice upgrades for Diamond Light Source to achieve an increase in the number of insertion devices and/or a lower natural emittance are underway (as reported elsewhere at this conference). Such upgrades if carried out progressively would result in successive reductions in storage ring circumference. To maintain synchronous injection then requires the injector system to operate at various frequencies to match these changes. This paper describes the tests carried out with beam, to prove that the injector system of Linac and full energy Booster can be tuned over an extended frequency range.

MOPEA070

Operating the Diamond Light Source in Low Alpha Mode for Users

lattice, factory, optics, electron

246

I.P.S. Martin, R. Bartolini, G. Cinque, G. Rehm, C.A. Thomas
Diamond, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
R. Bartolini
JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom

Since its first introduction in April 2009, the low alpha operational mode has been continually refined in order to best meet the needs of the user community. Initially the optics were used only to generate short x-ray pulses, for which a stable, low emittance, single bunch was requested, with the emphasis placed on increased bunch charge over shortest absolute pulse duration. More recently, the optics have been adapted to enhance the CSR gain in the THz region of the electromagnetic spectrum. In this paper we summarise the work carried out in order to meet these two demands.

MOPEA072

Recent Improvement of the APS Booster Synchrotron

booster, lattice, emittance, synchrotron

252

C. Yao, R. Laird, V. Sajaev, N. Sereno, H. Shang, J. Wang, S. Xu
ANL, Argonne, USA

Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, under Contract No. DE-ACO2-O6CH11357.
The APS booster injector is a 7-GeV electron synchrotron. Several improvements have been implemented in the booster area, including the development of the 92-nm low emittance lattice, upgrading the ramp current readback ADC, and development of a new firing card for the main ramp supplies. Recently we have completed the commissioning of the low emittance lattice and it is now APS operational lattice. Combined with improvement in the optimization in the storage ring lattice and injection, we have achieved close to 100% storage ring injection efficiency. This report presents the improvements and measured beam parameters and the measured performance of the ramp control.

MOPEA074

Lattice Studies for a Potential Soft X-ray Diffraction Limited Upgrade of the ALS

lattice, emittance, brightness, scattering

258

C. Steier, J.M. Byrd, R.W. Falcone, S.D. Kevan, D. Robin, C. Sun, H. Tarawneh, W. Wan
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA

Funding: The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
The Advanced Light Source (ALS) at Berkeley Lab has seen many upgrades over the years, keeping it one of the brightest sources for soft x-rays worldwide. Recent developments in magnet technology and lattice design (multi bend achromat lattices) appear to open the door for very large further increases in brightness, particularly by reducing the horizontal emittance, even within the space constraints of the existing tunnel. Initial studies yielded candidate lattices which approach the soft x-ray diffraction limit (around 2 keV) in both planes within the ALS footprint.

MOPEA080

Status of the NSLS-II Injector

booster, linac, storage-ring, kicker

273

T.V. Shaftan, A. Blednykh, E.B. Blum, W.X. Cheng, J. Choi, L.R. Dalesio, M.A. Davidsaver, J.H. De Long, R.P. Fliller, G. Ganetis, F. Gao, A. Goel, W. Guo, K. Ha, R. Heese, H.-C. Hseuh, M.P. Johanson, B.N. Kosciuk, S. Kowalski, S.L. Kramer, Y. Li, W. Louie, S. Ozaki, D. Padrazo, J. Rose, S. Seletskiy, S.K. Sharma, G. Shen, O. Singh, V.V. Smaluk, Y. Tian, K. Vetter, W.H. Wahl, G.M. Wang, F.J. Willeke, X. Yang, L.-H. Yu, P. Zuhoski
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA

We discuss the current status and plans for developing the NSLS-II injector. The latter consists of a 200 MeV linac, a 3-GeV booster, transport lines and the storage ring injection straight section. The system design and installation are complete. Last year we concluded 200-MeV linac commissioning and are planning to commission the 3 GeV booster during summer of 2013.

MOPFI010

Initial Beam Loss and Control of Dynamic Vacuum Effects in SIS18

ion, collimation, vacuum, synchrotron

300

Y. El-Hayek
FIAS, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
M.M. Kirk, D. Ondreka, P.J. Spiller
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
U. Ratzinger
IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany

To stabilize the dynamic pressure in the SIS18, the systematic initial beam loss must be minimized. Beam Particles, which are lost on the vaccum chamber cause a local pressure increase. Thereby the collision rate between beam ions and residual gas particles and consequently beam loss by ionization is enhanced. The reduction and control of beam loss in the injection channel, during multiturn injection and during the Rf capture process has an outstanding importance for the vacuum dynamics. One way to minimize the initial losses in the synchrotron is to displace the beam loss into the transfer channel (TK) between UNILAC and SIS. In the transfer channel, the beam edges are trimmed by means of a collimator system and a sharply defined phase space area can be injected into SIS18. The effect of reduced initial beam loss on the vaccum dynamics is presented.

MOPFI011

Construction and First Tests of the New Injection System for the Linac II at DESY

linac, electron, gun, positron

303

C. Liebig, M. Hüning, M. Schmitz
DESY, Hamburg, Germany

For the Linac II, which supplies the accelerator chain at DESY with electrons and positrons, a new injection system is planned. It is supposed to ensure reliable operation and to avoid the beam loss of about 60% at energies up to 400 MeV and the associated activation. The function of the injector components, the entire injection system and the acceleration in the linac sections were optimized in simulations. The main components are a 6 A/100 kV triode gun, buncher and a dispersive section for energy collimation. The output energy is 5 MeV and the beam pulse length can be chosen from 5 ns to 50 ns. The new buncher structure is a hybrid of a standing wave and traveling wave structure and allows a compact design and good electron capture. One of two assembled structures has been tuned and completed a test rig in the linac tunnel. In this test system detailed analysis of its properties is in progress as well as minor corrections like alignment and improvements of reliability. The final installation is going to take place from September 2013. First experimental analysis compared to simulation results will be presented.

MOPFI028

Physical Design Progress of an 800 MeV High Power Proton Driver

extraction, cyclotron, space-charge, acceleration

342

J.J. Yang, Shizhong. An, M. Li, T.J. Zhang, J.Q. Zhong
CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China

We presented the conceptual design of an 800 MeV high power proton ring cyclotron in the paper[1] . A more detailed physical design was carried out since then. The most challenging issues regarding the high power operation, including the space charge effects and beam loss during the extraction, are quantitatively studied by using state-of-the-art high performance computation technique. On that basis the fundamental structure of the cyclotron is adjusted and optimized so as to meet the requirements of MW-class operation. Reference: [1] T. Zhang, J. Yang, M. Li, et. al., Conceptual design of an 800 MeV high power proton driver, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 269(24) (2011) 2964-2967

MOPFI030

Study of the Beam Injection and Extraction of the Proton Irradiation Accelerator

proton, extraction, kicker, synchrotron

348

Y.W. An, H.F. Ji, S. Wang
IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China

The proton irradiation accelerator is widely founded for industry application, and the extracted beam is required to have large intensity as a pulse beam or uniform distribution for scanning. A multi-turn injection is adopted and the proton beam is injected into the ring with the energy of 10MeV. In order to increase injection beam intensity, local bump orbit including two-bump, three-bump and four-bump is well studied and optimized, and the septum magnet thickness and localization are also studied for an effective injection. A RF knock-out method is used for slow extraction due to the fast response character. In order to decrease the global spill, double RF kicker and the control of the aptitude modulation (AM) function of the transverse RF field are well studied.

MOPFI032

Electron Emission of the Stripping Foil and Collimation System for CSNS/RCS

electron, proton, collimation, scattering

354

M.Y. Huang, Y.D. Liu, N. Wang, S. Wang
IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China

For the Rapid Cycling Synchrotron of the China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS/RCS), the electron emission plays an important role in the accelerator limitation. The interactions between the proton beam and the stripping foil were studied, and the electron scattering processes were simulated by the ORBIT and FLUKA codes. Then, the electron energy distribution and the electron yielding rate can be given. Furthermore, the interactions between the proton beam and the collimation system were studied, and the electron scattering processes were simulated. Then, the energy distribution of the primary electron emission can be given and the yielding rate of the primary electron can be obtained.

MOPFI041

Study of Beam Longitudinal Motion for SSC

extraction, simulation, cyclotron, acceleration

378

X.N. Li, Y.J. Yuan
IMP, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China

The injection, acceleration and extraction of SSC（Separate Sector Cyclotron） is analyzed and simulated to get the longitudinal acceptance, using the typical ion 238U³⁶⁺ with energy 9.7MeV/u. In order to study the actual longitudinal acceptance of SSC, the isochronous magnetic field model in coincidence with the real one is established by Kr-Kb and Lagrange methods based on the actual measurement. Under the isochronous magnetic field, the longitudinal acceptance at the injection, acceleration and extraction is calculated. From the simulation results the transmission efficiency is very low in SSC because of the large phase width of the beam from the injector SFC (Sector Focus Cyclotron). In the machine commissioning, the phase width of the beam line from SFC to SSC is measured by the phase probe, the results show that the actual phase width is larger than the acceptance of SSC.

MOPFI050

Non-local Fast Extraction from the CERN SPS at 100 and 440 GeV

extraction, kicker, simulation, septum

392

F.M. Velotti, A. Alekou, W. Bartmann, E. Carlier, K. Cornelis, I. Efthymiopoulos, B. Goddard, L.K. Jensen, V. Kain, M. Kowalska, V. Mertens, R. Steerenberg
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The Long Straight Section 2 (LSS2) of the CERN SPS is connected with the North Area (NA), to which the beam to date has always been extracted using a resonant extraction technique. For new proposed short- and long-baseline neutrino experiments, a fast single turn extraction to this experimental area is required. As there are no kickers in LSS2, and the integration of any new kickers with the existing electrostatic septum would be problematic, a solution has been developed to fast extract the beam using non-local extraction with other SPS kickers. Two different kicker systems have been used, the injection kicker in LSS1 and the stronger extraction kicker in LSS6 to extract 100 and 440 GeV beam, respectively. For both solutions a large emittance beam was extracted after 5 or 9 full betatron periods. The concept and simulation details are presented with the analysis of the aperture and beam loss considerations and experimental results collected during a series of beam tests.

MOPFI051

Beam Transfer Systems for the LAGUNA-LBNO Long Baseline Neutrino Beam from the CERN SPS

extraction, kicker, target, septum

395

B. Goddard, W. Bartmann, I. Efthymiopoulos, Y. Papaphilippou, A.S. Parfenova
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

For the Long Baseline neutrino facility under study at CERN (LAGUNA-LBNO) it is initially planned to extract a 400 GeV beam from the second long straight section in the SPS into the existing transfer channel TT20 leading to the North Area experimental zone, to a new target aligned with a far detector in Finland. In a second phase a new High-Power Proton Synchrotron (HPPS) accelerator is proposed, to give a 2 MW beam at about 50 GeV on the same target. In this paper the beam transfer systems required for the project are outlined, including the new sections of transfer line between the SPL, HPPS and SPS, and from the SPS to the target, and also the injection and extraction systems in the long straight section of the HPPS. The feasibility of a 4 GeV H⁻ injection system is discussed.

MOPFI052

A New Lead Ion Injection System for the CERN SPS with 50 ns Rise Time

kicker, ion, septum, impedance

398

B. Goddard, O. Aberle, J. Borburgh, E. Carlier, K. Cornelis, L. Ducimetière, L.K. Jensen, T. Kramer, D. Manglunki, A. Mereghetti, V. Mertens, D. Nisbet, B. Salvant, L. Sermeus
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The LHC High Luminosity upgrade project includes a performance upgrade for heavy ions. One of the present performance limitations is the rise time of the SPS injection kicker system, which imposes a spacing of at least 220 ns between injected bunch trains at the operational rigidity. A reduction of this rise time to 50 ns for lead ions is requested as part of the suite of measures needed to increase the present design performance by a factor three. A new injection system based on a fast pulsed septum and a fast kicker has been proposed to fulfil this rise time requirement, and to meet all the constraints associated with the existing high intensity proton injection in the same region. This paper describes the concept and the required equipment parameters, and explores the implications of such a system for SPS operation.

MOPFI053

Upgrades of the SPS, Transfer Line and LHC Injection Protection Devices for the HL-LHC Era

vacuum, kicker, coupling, extraction

401

Ö. Mete, O. Aberle, F. Cerutti, K. Cornelis, B. Goddard, V. Kain, R. Losito, F.L. Maciariello, M. Meddahi, A. Mereghetti, J.A. Uythoven, F.M. Velotti
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
E. Gianfelice-Wendt
Fermilab, Batavia, USA

The challenging High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) beam requirements will lead in the future to unprecedented beam parameters along the LHC injector chain. In the SPS accelerator these requests translate into about a factor two higher intensity and brightness than the present design performance. In addition to the challenge of producing and accelerating such beams, these parameters affect the resistance of the existing equipment against beam impact. Most of the protection devices in the SPS ring, its transfer lines and the LHC injection areas will be put under operational constraints which are beyond their design specification. The equipment concerned has been reviewed and their resistance to the HL-LHC beams checked. Theoretical and simulation studies have been performed for the SPS beam scraping system, the protection devices and the dump absorbers of the SPS-to-LHC transfer lines, as well as for the LHC injection protection devices. The first results of these studies are reported, together with the future prospects.

MOPFI054

Upgrades for the CERN PSB-TO-PS Transfer at 2 GeV

optics, emittance, kicker, quadrupole

404

W. Bartmann, J. Borburgh, J.R.T. Cole, S.S. Gilardoni, B. Goddard, O. Hans, M. Hourican, L. Sermeus, R. Steerenberg
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
C.H. Yu
IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China

The CERN PS Booster extraction energy will be upgraded from 1.4 to 2.0 GeV to alleviate the direct space charge tune shift in the PS. The focussing structure of the transfer line will be modified in order to better match the optics between the PSB and the PS. The optics of the PS at injection and, with it, of the transfer line can be adapted to reduce the continuous losses from the already injected and circulating beam bumped towards the septum. Experimental results of the optics optimisation and probing the injection kicker gap will be shown.

MOPFI057

Studies for the LHeC Beam Transfer Systems

linac, kicker, electron, extraction

410

C. Bracco, B. Goddard
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The LHeC would allow for collisions between an electron beam from a new accelerator with the existing LHC hadron beam. Two possible configurations were studied: a separate LINAC (LINAC-ring) or a new electron ring superimposed on the LHC (ring-ring). The racetrack LINAC is now considered as the baseline for the LHeC design, with the ring-ring solution a back up. The studies performed for all the considered options are presented in this paper. For the LINAC-ring option the requirements for the post-collision line and the beam dump design have been evaluated in the cases of a 140 GeV and a 60 GeV electron beam. In the ring-ring option studies have been performed of the optics design of the transfer line from the a 10 GeV injector LINAC into the LHeC ring and of the injection system. The internal 60 GeV electron ring dump design has also been considered.

MOPFI060

Beam Transfer to LHC with the Low Gamma-transition SPS Optics

optics, extraction, quadrupole, collimation

419

G. Vanbavinckhove, W. Bartmann, H. Bartosik, C. Bracco, L.N. Drøsdal, B. Goddard, V. Kain, M. Meddahi, V. Mertens, Y. Papaphilippou, J.A. Uythoven, J. Wenninger
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
E. Gianfelice-Wendt
Fermilab, Batavia, USA

A new low gamma-transition optics with a lower integer tune, was introduced in the SPS to improve beam stability at high intensity. For transferring the beam to the LHC, the extraction bumps, extraction kickers and transfer lines needed to be adapted to the new optics. In particular, the transfer lines were re-matched and re-commissioned with the new optics. The first operational results are discussed for the SPS extraction, the transfer lines and the LHC injection. A detailed comparison is presented between the old and the new optics of the trajectories, dispersion, losses and other performance aspects.

MOPFI063

Progress on Designs for 180 MeV Injection into the ISIS Synchrotron

dipole, septum, synchrotron, stripper

428

B. Jones, D.J. Adams, B.S. Drumm, M.C. Hughes, A.J. McFarland, C.M. Warsop
STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom

The ISIS Facility at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in the UK produces intense neutron and muon beams for condensed matter research. It operates at 50Hz accelerating beam via a 70 MeV H⁻ linac and an 800 MeV proton synchrotron, delivering a mean beam power of 0.2 MW. As an initial step towards megawatt operations at ISIS, a study of replacement of the existing injector with a new 180 MeV H⁻ linac has recently been completed. This could enable an increase in beam power to approximately 0.5 MW. The ISIS Facility at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in the UK produces intense neutron and muon beams for condensed matter research. It accelerates 3×10¹³ protons per pulse (ppp) at 50 Hz through a 70 MeV H− linac and an 800 MeV proton synchrotron, delivering a mean beam power of ~0.2 MW. A favoured first step to upgrade ISIS towards the megawatt regime is replacement of the linac with a new 180 MeV injector described in [1]. Studies of this upgrade, which aims to increase mean beam power up to 0.5 MW are outlined in [2]. This paper reports on recent development of the designs including the injection septum, dipole power supplies and detailed tracking of partially stripped foil products.

MOPFI066

An Ultra-Low Energy Electron Beam Ion Trap in Shanghai

electron, ion, plasma, cathode

434

J. Xiao, R. Hutton, X. Jin, D. Lu, B. Tu, Y. Yang, R. Zhao, Y. Zou
Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China

Electron beam ion traps (EBITs) are very useful tools for disentanglement studies of atomic processes in plasmas. In this paper, a new ultra-low energy EBIT, SH-HtscEBIT, is reported. This EBIT can operate in the electron energy range of 30–4000 eV, with a current density of up to 100 A/cm². The low energy limit of this machine is 30 eV, which is the lowest energy among the EBITs around the world. The maximum magnetic field in the central drift tube region of this EBIT is around 0.25 T, produced by a pair of high temperature superconductor coils. This EBIT is set up for the purpose of disentangling spectroscopic studies of edge plasmas relevant to magnetic fusion devices, and of astro-plasmas. All the elements for the spectroscopic studies can be injected through an injection system. Both the design and the performance of this EBIT are presented.

MOPME008

Beam Diagnostics by Using Bunch-by-bunch Feedback Systems at the DELTA Storage Ring

feedback, kicker, laser, electron

485

M. Höner, H. Huck, M. Huck, S. Khan, R. Molo, A. Schick, P. Ungelenk
DELTA, Dortmund, Germany

Funding: Work supported by BMBF (05K10PEB)
At DELTA, a 1.5-GeV electron storage ring operated by the TU Dortmund University, longitudinal and transverse bunch-by-bunch feedback systems are in use to detect and suppress multi-bunch instabilities. Besides that, the digital feedback systems are excellent diagnostics tools. As an example, by exciting a certain number of bunches within the bunch train, the coupling to the non-excited bunches can be investigated below and above the instability threshold. Other examples include studies of the injection process and monitoring bunch oscillations during sudden beam loss. First experimental results will be presented in this paper.

MOPME020

Development of the New Measurement Method for the Incoherent Tune Spread and the Tune Shift Caused by the Space Charge Effect

dipole, emittance, simulation, space-charge

512

S. Kato
Tohoku University, Graduate School of Science, Sendai, Japan
H. Harada, H. Hotchi, M. Kinsho, K. Okabe
JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan

For the high intensity accelerator, the incoherent tune which is the frequency of the individual particles is shifted and decreases due to the space charge effect. In addition, the incoherent tune is formed into spread shape commonly. When the incoherent tune satisfies a resonance condition, it might be occurred the beam emittance growth and the beam loss. So it is necessary to reduce the incoherent tune spread and the tune shift as much as possible. To achieve this condition, it is desired to measure the incoherent tune spread and the tune shift directly. Therefore we are developing the new measurement method of the incoherent tune spread and the shift due to the space charge effect. From the simulation results, it was cleared that the beam distribution can be modified in the case of using the mono frequency dipole exciter because a particle which has the tune corresponding to the exciter can be resonated temporary. In addition, it was cleared that it is possible to evaluate the incoherent tune spread and the tune shift by the measurement of the distribution transition. We present the outline of this method and the developing plane at the J-PARC RCS.

MOPME021

Ionization Profile Monitor (IPM) of J-PARC 3-GeV RCS

electron, ion, acceleration, vacuum

515

H. Harada, K. Yamamoto
JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan
S. Kato
Tohoku University, Graduate School of Science, Sendai, Japan

Ionization profile monitors (IPM) were installed in the 3-GeV RCS ring of J-PARC and used to observe the beam-profile for the transverse plane in beam commissioning. These electrodes and MCPs of IPMs were upgraded in 2012 summer shutdown in order to improve the external electric field for leading the electrons and ions to MCPs. This presentation will be described the results of observed beam profile in beam commissioning and be discussed the new issues for the ion and electron collection mode.

MOPME022

Beam Commissioning of Two Horizontal Pulse Steering Magnets for Changing Injection Painting Area from MLF to MR in the 3-GeV RCS of J-PARC

stripper, beam-transport, emittance, target

518

P.K. Saha, H. Harada, N. Hayashi, H. Hotchi, M. Kinsho, T. Takayanagi, N. Tani
JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan
Y. Irie
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
S. Kato
Tohoku University, Graduate School of Science, Sendai, Japan

We have been successfully commissioned two pulse steering magnets installed in the Linac to 3-GeV RCS (Rapid Cycling Synchrotron) injection beam transport (BT) line of J-PARC. RCS has to deliver a simultaneous as well as specific beam as demand by the downstream facilities of MLF (Material and Life Science Facility) and the MR (Main Ring). In order to obtain relatively a smaller transverse emittance at extraction, those magnets were designed to perform a smaller injection painting for the MR beam as compared to the MLF one. As stripper foil position is fixed for the charge exchange H⁻ injection, inclination of the injected beam centroid on foil for the MR beam is only moved to a smaller value by the pulse steering magnets, while DC septum magnets are fixed as determined first for the MLF beam. Their parameters were found to be very consistent with expectation and thus already in operation for switching to a painting area of 100 pi mm mrad for the MR beam as compared to that of 150 pi mm mrad for the MLF beam.

MOPME023

ORBIT Beam Simulation Progress in the 3-GeV Rapid Cycling Synchrotron of J-PARC

simulation, lattice, impedance, synchrotron

521

P.K. Saha, H. Harada, H. Hotchi, Y. Shobuda, M. Yamamoto
JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan
J.A. Holmes
ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
S. Kato
Tohoku University, Graduate School of Science, Sendai, Japan

We have made a numerous progress for beam simulation in the 3-GeV RCS (Rapid Cycling Synchrotron) of J-PARC (Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex) by using 3-D particle tracking code, ORBIT. Namely, the TEAPOT lattice file used for ORBIT tracking has been made to give exactly same results to that with SAD model used for the RCS beam commissioning. In addition, time dependent lattice functions of the injection chicane magnets and similar other time dependent lattice imperfections, which are already found to have significant influences on the beam losses in the real machine have also been successfully introduced. At present, time dependent transverse and longitudinal impedances are going to be introduced. That should prove the ORBIT code much more matured for beam simulations in synchrotrons. Latest beam simulation results illustrating these new realistic features are presented.

MOPME028

A Preliminary Study of the Vibration Wire Monitor for Beam Halo Diagnostic in J-PARC L3BT

diagnostics, proton, electron, linac

535

K. Okabe, M. Kinsho, K. Yamamoto, M. Yoshimoto
JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan

In the J-PARC 3-GeV Rapid Cycle Synchrotron (RCS), transverse beam halo diagnostic and scraping are required to increase the output beam power. Wire scanners and halo scrapers were used for measurement of projected beam distributions to determine the extent of beam halo formation at Linac-3GeV Beam Transport line (L3BT). In order to determine more detail of halo formation, Vibration Wire Monitor (VWM) was installed in L3BT for the beam halo measurement and the offline study at the test stand with low energy electron gun are started. The high sensitivity of the VWM makes it a prospective one for investigation of beam halo and weak beam scanning. In this paper, we will report a preliminary results of offline studies and beam halo measurement by VWM at L3BT.

MOPME031

Emittance Measurement with Multi-wire Scanners for BEPC-II Linac

emittance, positron, linac, electron

541

H. Geng, W.B. Liu, W. Qiao, Q. Qin, Y.F. Sui, Y. Yue
IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China

During the BEPC-II linac upgrade, five wire scanners have been installed in the common transport line, which makes a fast emittance measurement possible. In this paper, we will show the primary results of BEPC-II linac emittance measurement using multi-wire scanner method. The least squares method will be used for data analysis. A comparison of the results with the ones obtained by quad scan method will also be given.

MOPME052

Beam Instrumentation System Optimization for Top-up Operation in SSRF

storage-ring, pick-up, instrumentation, booster

589

Y.B. Yan, Y.B. Leng, L.Y. Yu, W.M. Zhou
SINAP, Shanghai, People's Republic of China

In order to offer higher average brightness and more stable photon beam, top-up injection mode is scheduled for daily operation in SSRF. Several critical beam parameters, such as fill pattern, average current, beam lifetime and transfer efficiency, need to be measured precisely and reliably, and few interlock logics need to be added into machine protection system with top-up mode. Hardware and software optimizations of beam instrumentation for this purpose will be introduced in this paper.

MOPME054

Bunch-by-bunch Beam Position and Charge Monitor based on Broadband Scope in SSRF

storage-ring, pick-up, synchrotron, synchrotron-radiation

595

Y. Yang, Y.B. Leng, Y.B. Yan, N. Zhang
SSRF, Shanghai, People's Republic of China

A bunch-by-bunch beam position and charge monitor system, based on a broadband oscilloscope, has been developed at SSRF. The beam positions of each bunch could be located independently in this system by using the original signals from the button-type pickups on the storage ring. The relative charge of each bunch could be obtained by the sum signal from the pickups. Using sum weighted average method, turn-by-turn beam position could be got from the bunch-by-bunch beam position data. The difference of each bunch beam position have been observed during injection at SSRF.

MOPME076

Determination of Octupole and Sextupole Polarities in the LHC

octupole, sextupole, coupling, lattice

655

M.J. McAteer, Y.I. Levinsen, E.H. Maclean, T. Persson, P.K. Skowroński, R.J. Steinhagen, R. Tomás
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

We report the results of measurements to verify the polarity of the LHC’s lattice focusing and defocusing octupoles (MOF and MOD), spool piece octupole correctors (MCO), arc skew sextupole correctors (MSS), and interaction region sextupoles (MCSX and MCSSX). Octupole polarities were determined by measuring the change to second order chromaticity when a magnet family was trimmed. The MSS skew sextupole corrector polarities were checked by measuring the change to chromatic coupling when a magnet family was trimmed. The polarities of the MCSSX skew sextupoles in IR 1 and the MCSX normal sextupoles in IR 5 were checked by measuring the tune shift due to a magnet trim. Comparison of measurements with model predictions indicates that the polarities of the octupoles and the IR sextupoles are correct, and the polarities of the MSS skew sextupole correctors are reversed.

MOPWA004

Development of a Non-inductive Ceramic Resistor

kicker, pulsed-power, impedance, power-supply

669

T. Sugimoto, K. Fan, K. Ishii, H. Matsumoto
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
K. Abe
Hitachi Haramachi Electronics Co. Ltd., Hitachishi, Ibaraki, Japan
S. Fukuoka
University of Tsukuba, Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences,, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan

Non-inductive ceramic resistors, based on alumina and carbon, are used for impedance matching in the circuit of the J-PARC main ring injection kicker system. The kickers were installed in December 2011, and have been in operation successfully since then. However, discharges at the edge of the ceramic bulk were observed after several weeks’ operation, which increase resistance from O(100) to O(1M). Investigation indicates that poor contact with the rough surface of the ceramic bulk due to irregular shaped spots causes micro-gaps, which trigger the discharge. In order to improve the contact, one type of brazing technology has been experimentally applied to one resistor. Another resistor had an annealed thin copper plate inserted, and both resistors were tested and compared. In this paper, we will describe details of the development of the resistors and give future prospects.

MOPWA008

Power Supply of the Pulse Steering Magnet for Changing the Painting Area between the MLF and the MR at J-PARC 3 GeV RCS

power-supply, superconductivity, proton, controls

681

T. Takayanagi, N. Hayashi, K. Horino, M. Kinsho, T. Togashi, T. Ueno, Y. Watanabe
JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan
Y. Irie
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

The power supply of the pulse steering magnet (PSTR) has been produced. The PSTR of the 3-GeV RCS (Rapid Cycling Synchrotron) in the J-PARC (Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex) aims at changing the painting area in a pulse-to-pulse mode at 25Hz between the MLF (Material and Life science Experimental Facility) and the MR (50-GeV Main Ring synchrotron) at J-PARC. The power supply has the equipment used to excite the pulse current and the direct current (DC) to correspond to two modes that the paint injection for beam users and the central injection for beam commissioning. In case of the paint injection, the power supply excites the current from 40 A to 450 A in pulse mode, which has the capability to switch from positive to negative polarity. The pulse current has been performed with good accuracy whose deviation to a setting current becomes to be less than ± 0.2 %. In case of the central injection, the power supply excites the current from 1000 A to 3000A in DC mode, which has been realized output current deviation below ± 0.01 %. This paper summarizes the design parameters and the experimental results of the power supply.

MOPWA009

Development of a Fast Compensation Kicker System for J-PARC Main-ring Injection

kicker, simulation, impedance, power-supply

684

S. Fukuoka
University of Tsukuba, Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences,, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
K. Fan, K. Ishii, H. Matsumoto, T. Sugimoto
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

Injection system of J-PARC main ring employs four lumped kickers to deflect the incoming beam. The residual field caused by tail and reflection of excitation current increases the closed beam orbit leading to particle loss in high power operation. A correction method using a fast kicker system to compensate the remaining angle is being developed. Doe to the narrow bunch spacing, transmission line kicker is selected to satisfy requirements of fast rise and fall time. The kicker magnet uses ceramic capacitors instead of parallel metal plates to make the magnet compact and reduce the stray inductance. Capacitors are installed in vacuum chamber. A very thin core is used to reduce distributed inductance. A bandwidth is calculated as 160 MHz. A Marx generator using FET switches has been studied, which is able to produce fast rise and fall time as 50 ns. Any pulse shape is generated by choosing switches to fire. A prototype magnet and a power supply have been fabricated for parameters test. In this paper, we will report the details of the system design, analyze the measurement results and give future prospects.

MOPWA026

Fast Magnetic Kickers for the NSLS-II Booster-Synchrotron: Design and Test Results

kicker, booster, extraction, vacuum

717

D.A. Shvedov, O. Anchugov, V.A. Kiselev, A.A. Korepanov, S.V. Sinyatkin
BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia

For the purpose of realization of single-turn injection and extraction from the NSLS-II booster synchrotron, BINP members created nanosecond non-vacuum ferrite kickers with fronts of pulsed magnetic field of ~ 200 ns, flat-top duration of 300 nsec and its instability of 0.2/1% at most. This paper describes the design of unique kicker magnets with ceramic vacuum chambers with deposited longitudinal strips of titanium nitride (TiN) inside. The paper also presents the results of bench tests of the kickers: oscillograms of current pulse in bus bars, the shape of the pulsed magnetic field, and transverse distribution of the longitudinal field integral in the kicker aperture.

MOPWA027

Pulse Power Supplies for Kicker Magnets of NSLS-2 Booster Ring

kicker, extraction, power-supply, booster

720

A.A. Korepanov, A. Akimov, A.A. Pachkov, A. Panov
BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia

A set of identical ferrite kicker modules is utilized for the injection and extraction of the NSLS-2 booster ring. The pulse power supplies of these modules are based on the PFN-thyratron design. The pulse current amplitude of up to 4 kA at 300 ns flat top duration and PFN charging voltage of up to 23 kV were achieved on the extraction pulsers. The pulse to pulse repeatability of the output current waveform was measured and made up to 0.05% (σ) at nominal current for the extraction pulsers. The injection pulsers have a specification on the reverse current overshoot to be less than 0.5% of the amplitude. To fulfill this requirement a single turn saturated choke in the thyratron circuit was used. The design and the test results of the power supplies on NSLS-2 site are presented in the paper.

MOPWA028

Power System for Quadrupole Magnets of NSLS-II 3 GeV Booster

controls, quadrupole, booster, extraction

723

D.V. Senkov, A.I. Erokhin, V.V. Kolmogorov, A.S. Medvedko, S.I. Potapov, D.N. Pureskin
BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia

Power system for quadrupole magnets of NSLS-II 3 GeV booster is designed, manufactured and tested in BINP, Russia. The power system consists of 2 parts. The first part is a charging source with a capacitance bank at output. And the second part consists of 3 current sources powered by a capacitance bank. The charging source output voltage is up to 180 V, peak power is 40 kW and average power is 20 kW. Capacitance bank has a 120 kVA storage energy. The second part contains 3 independent current sources with up to 180 A output current each. This report considers the details of current sources design, their parameters and results of inspection test in BINP. Finally, the first results of injection and extraction section commissioning at BNL site are reported.

MOPWA029

Pulse Generators for Septums and Bumps of Injection and Extraction Systems of NSLS-II Booster

septum, extraction, booster, controls

726

D.V. Senkov, A.M. Batrakov, A.D. Chernyakin, V.A. Kiselev, A.V. Pavlenko, A.N. Zhuravlev
BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia

Pulse generators for injection and extraction systems of NSLS-II 3 GeV booster are designed, manufactured and tested in BINP, Russia and installed and tested at BNL site. This report considers the details of bump, injection septum and extraction septum pulse generators design, their parameters and results of inspection test in BINP. The design and electronics features of control system of pulse generators are presented. Finally, the first results of injection and extraction section commissioning at BNL site are reported.

MOPWA030

Upgrade of the LHC Injection Kicker Magnets

vacuum, kicker, electron, impedance

729

M.J. Barnes, P. Adraktas, V. Baglin, G. Bregliozzi, S. Calatroni, F. Caspers, H.A. Day, L. Ducimetière, M. Garlaschè, V. Gomes Namora, J.M. Jimenez, N. Magnin, V. Mertens, E. Métral, B. Salvant, M. Taborelli, J.A. Uythoven, W.J.M. Weterings
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The two LHC injection kicker systems, comprising 4 magnets per ring, produce a kick of 1.3 T.m with a rise-time of less than 900 ns and a flattop ripple of less than ±0.5%. A beam screen is placed in the aperture of each magnet, to provide a path for the image current of the high intensity LHC beam and screen the ferrite yoke against wake fields. The screen consists of a ceramic tube with conductors in the inner wall. The initially implemented beam screen ensured a low rate of electrical breakdowns while providing an adequate beam coupling impedance. Operation with increasingly higher intensity beams, stable for many hours at a time, now results in substantial heating of the ferrite yoke, sometimes requiring cool down over several hours before the LHC can be refilled. During the long shutdown in 2013/2014 all 8 kicker magnets will be upgraded with an improved beam screen and an increased emissivity of the vacuum tank. In addition equipment adjacent to the injection kickers and various vacuum components will also be modified to help reduce the vacuum pressure in the kickers during high-intensity operation. This paper discusses the upgrades as well as their preparation and planning.

MOPWA031

Beam Induced Ferrite Heating of the LHC Injection Kickers and Proposals for Improved Cooling

vacuum, kicker, simulation, impedance

732

M.J. Barnes, S. Calatroni, F. Caspers, L. Ducimetière, M. Garlaschè, V. Gomes Namora, V. Mertens, Z.K. Sobiech, M. Taborelli, J.A. Uythoven, W.J.M. Weterings
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
H.A. Day
UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom

The two LHC injection kicker systems produce a kick of 1.3 T.m with a flattop duration variable up to 7860 ns, and rise and fall times of less than 900 ns and 3000 ns, respectively. A beam screen is placed in the aperture of each magnet, which consists of a ceramic tube with conductors in the inner wall. The conductors provide a path for the beam image current and screen the ferrite yoke against wake fields. Recent LHC operation, with high intensity beam stable for many hours, resulted in significant heating of both the ferrite yoke and beam impedance reduction ferrites. For one kicker magnet the ferrite yoke approached its Curie temperature. As a result of a long thermal time-constant the ferrites can require several hours to cool enough to re-inject beam, thus limiting the availability of the LHC. Thermal measurement data has been analysed, a thermal model developed and emissivity measurements carried out. The effects of various measures to improve the ferrite cooling have been simulated, including an improved emissivity of the vacuum tank and active cooling on the outside of the tank.

MOPWA032

Reduction of Surface Flashover of the Beam Screen of the LHC Injection Kickers

kicker, vacuum, impedance, simulation

735

M.J. Barnes, P. Adraktas, S. Calatroni, F. Caspers, L. Ducimetière, V. Gomes Namora, V. Mertens, R. Noulibos, M. Taborelli, B. Teissandier, J.A. Uythoven, W.J.M. Weterings
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The LHC injection kicker magnets include beam screens to shield the ferrite yokes against wake fields resulting from the high intensity beam. The screening is provided by conductors lodged in the inner wall of a ceramic support tube. Operation with increasingly higher bunch intensity, and narrow bunches, now requires improved ferrite screening. This will be implemented by additional conductors; however the good high-voltage behaviour of the kicker magnets must not be compromised by the supplementary screening. Extensive studies and optimisations have been carried out, to better satisfy the often conflicting requirements for low beam coupling impedance, fast magnetic field rise-time, high vacuum and good high voltage behaviour. A new configuration is proposed which reduces significantly the electric field associated with the screen conductors and the secondary electron yield of the surface of the ceramic tube. Results of high voltage test results are also presented.

MOPWA035

Beam Loss Studies for the CERN PS Booster using FLUKA

booster, beam-losses, multipole, extraction

744

S. Damjanovic, B. Dehning, B. Mikulec, M. Sapinski
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

In view of future upgrade plans, the beam loss monitor (BLM) coverage of the PS Booster (PSB) rings was reviewed. The response of two types of monitors, LHC-IC and LHC-LIC, has been studied with FLUKA at LINAC4 injection and PSB extraction energies. The goal of this study was to find out whether the current beam loss monitor coverage of two monitors at a certain location per PSB section was adapted to potential beam losses associated with a future Linac4 injection. The outcome of this study was a proposal to double the number of beam loss monitors in the PSB section by using a combination of horizontally oriented LHC-IC and LHC-LIC type monitors.

MOPWA042

The Leakage Current Induced by Stray Capacitance in the Pulse Magnet System

kicker, impedance, booster, high-voltage

762

C.S. Chen, C.K. Chan, K.H. Hsu, Y.-H. Liu, C.S. Yang
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan

A huge amount of current must be provided during the nominal operation of the pulse magnet system in TPS (Taiwan Photon Source). It comes with all kinds of electromagnetic noises, including radiated and conducted EMI (electromagnetic interferences). The primary object of this article is to clarify the paths of induced EMI, especially by means of capacitance induction. Furthermore, some geometrical suggestions which had been tested are listed in this paper as the guidelines of the pulse magnet design. According to the measurement, proper distance and surface area lead to sufficient insulation and reduce the leakage current under the expected value.

MOPWA043

The HV Withstands Test for In Vacuum Booster Kicker

booster, kicker, vacuum, extraction

765

Y.-H. Liu, C.K. Chan, C.S. Chen, H.H. Chen, J.-R. Chen, K.H. Hsu, H.P. Hsueh, Y.T. Huang, C.S. Yang
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan

The maximum driving voltage of TPS booster extraction kicker is close to 30 kV, the HV insulation should be carefully noticed. A DC withstand voltage tester MUSASHI 3802 (Model: IP-701G) is used to test the DC breakdown voltage, which the maximum driving voltage is 37 kV. The 10 mm gap between coil and ferrite is designed in order to increase HV break down voltage. The safety breakdown distance between HV coil and grounding plate was tested in air. Different insulation material with different thickness was tested the breakdown voltage. Thicker than 10 mm ceramic plate could effectively avoid the breakdown occurred with 37 kV DC charging. Thus HV withstand voltage will be higher in vacuum chamber and the insulation with HV will not be the problem.

MOPWA045

The Pulsed Power Supply System for TPS Project

kicker, power-supply, booster, storage-ring

771

C.-S. Fann, C.L. Chen, K.T. Hsu, S.Y. Hsu, A.P. Lee, K.-K. Lin, K.L. Tsai
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan

The pulsed power supply system for TPS project consists of three types of pulser for booster injection/extraction and storage ring injection. Categorizing by the delivered peak current, pulse shape base-width, they are for: 1) booster kicker: 500 A, square, 1 μs; 2) storage ring kicker: 5 kA, half-sine, 5 μs; 3) transfer line septum: 10 kA, half-sine, 300 μs; respectively. All together, there are 10 units constructed for the associated pulsed magnets. In this report, the test results of the pulsed power supplies will be summarized and the measured results of their performance are presented.

MOPWA061

A New Tool for Longitudinal Tomography in Fermilab's Main Injector and Recycler Rings

booster, controls, emittance, space-charge

816

N.J. Evans, S.E. Kopp
The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
P. Adamson, D.J. Scott
Fermilab, Batavia, USA

Funding: U.S Department of Energy
We are developing software to compute tomographic reconstructions of longitudinal phase space distributions in the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory Main Injector and Recycler rings using data from existing resistive wall current monitors to diagnose beam quality at injection and provide input distributions for simulation of losses. Building on the algorithm developed by *S. Hancock et al. at CERN the software is able to process a full synchrotron period of a Booster batch of 81 bunches with 18.94 ns spacing and a sampling rate of 2.5 GHz, in < 30 sec, or every ~270 injections. Processing an entire injection opens up the possibility of investigating coupled bunch instabilities via tomography. To speed reconstruction for use on a full injection, phase space maps are created once for a given set of parameters and saved for injections with similar machine settings. We present an overview of the system and studies done on the effect of small errors present including: random noise, mismatch between sampling rate and machine period, errors in locating bunch centers, and trigger jitter.
*Tomographic Measurements of Longitudinal Phase Space Density; 1998 ed. - Hancock, S et al - CERN-PS-98-030-RF

MOPWO025

Optics and Protection of the Injection and Extraction Regions of the CLIC Damping Rings

extraction, kicker, damping, septum

939

R. Apsimon, B. Balhan, M.J. Barnes, J. Borburgh, B. Goddard, Y. Papaphilippou, J.A. Uythoven
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The optics design of the injection and extraction regions for the CLIC damping rings is presented. The design defines the parameters for the kicker magnets and septa in these regions and has been optimised to minimise the length of the insertions within the parameter space of the system. Failure modes of the injection and extraction elements are identified and their severity assessed. Protection elements for the injection and extraction regions are optimised based on the conclusions of the failure mode analysis.

MOPWO032

SPS Scraping and LHC Transverse Tails

emittance, beam-losses, luminosity, controls

957

L.N. Drøsdal, K. Cornelis, B. Goddard, V. Kain, M. Meddahi, O. Mete, B. Salvachua, G. Valentino, E. Veyrunes
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

All high-intensity LHC beams have to be scraped before extraction from the SPS to remove the non-Gaussian transverse tails of the particle distributions. The tail particles would otherwise cause unacceptably high losses during injection or other phases of the LHC cycle. Studies have been carried out to quantify the scraping using injection losses and emittance measurements from wire scanners as diagnostics. Beams scraped in the SPS were scraped again in the LHC with collimators to investigate possible tail repopulation. The results of these studies will be presented in this paper.

MOPWO033

Analysis of LHC Transfer Line Trajectory Drifts

optics, extraction, simulation, dipole

960

L.N. Drøsdal, W. Bartmann, H. Bartosik, C. Bracco, B. Goddard, V. Kain, Y. Papaphilippou, J.A. Uythoven, G. Vanbavinckhove, J. Wenninger
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
E. Gianfelice-Wendt
Fermilab, Batavia, USA

The LHC is filled from the SPS via two 3km long transfer lines. In the first years of LHC operation large trajectory variations were discovered. The sources of bunch-by-bunch and shot-by-shot trajectory variations had been identified and improved by the 2012 LHC run. The origins of the longer term drifts were however still unclear and significant time was spent correcting the trajectories. In the last part of the 2012 run the optics in the SPS was changed to lower transition energy. Trajectory stability and correction frequency will be compared between before and after the optics change in the SPS. The sources of the variations have now been identified and will be discussed in this paper. Remedies for operation after the long shutdown will be proposed.

MOPWO034

Energy Deposition Studies for the Upgrade of the LHC Injection Lines

proton, optics, quadrupole, luminosity

963

A. Mereghetti, O. Aberle, F. Cerutti, B. Goddard, V. Kain, F.L. Maciariello, M. Meddahi
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
R. Appleby
UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
E. Gianfelice-Wendt
Fermilab, Batavia, USA

The LHC Injectors Upgrade (LIU) Project aims at upgrading the systems in the LHC injection chain, to reliably deliver the beams required by the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC). Given the challenging beam intensities and emittances, a review of the existing beam-intercepting devices is on-going, in order to assess heat loads and consequent thermo-mechanical stresses. Moreover, the exposure of downstream elements to induced shower radiation is assessed. The study is intended to spot possible issues and contribute to the definition of viable design and layout solutions.

MOPWO038

Cleaning Inefficiency of the LHC Collimation System during the Energy Ramp: Simulations and Measurements

simulation, collimation, proton, scattering

975

E. Quaranta, R. Bruce, L. Lari, D. Mirarchi, S. Redaelli, A. Rossi, B. Salvachua, G. Valentino
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
L. Lari
IFIC, Valencia, Spain
D. Mirarchi
The Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, United Kingdom
G. Valentino
University of Malta, Information and Communication Technology, Msida, Malta

The cleaning inefficiency of the LHC collimation system has already been studied in detail at injection and top energy (450 GeV and 4 TeV respectively). In this paper the results are presented for the cleaning inefficiency at intermediate energies, simulated using the SixTrack code. The first comparisons with measured provoked losses are discussed. This study helps in benchmarking the energy dependence of the simulated inefficiency and is thus important for the extrapolation to future operation at higher energies.

MOPWO039

Experience with High-intensity Beam Scraping and Tail Populations at the Large Hadon Collider

beam-losses, emittance, hadron, diagnostics

978

S. Redaelli, R. Bruce, F. Burkart, D. Mirarchi, B. Salvachua, G. Valentino, D. Wollmann
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
R.W. Aßmann
DESY, Hamburg, Germany
G. Valentino
University of Malta, Information and Communication Technology, Msida, Malta

The population of beam tails at the LHC is source of concern because even small fractions of the total beam intensity could represent a potential danger is case of slow or fast losses, e.g. caused by orbit transients or by collimator movements. Different studies have been performed using the technique of collimator scans to probe the beam tail population, for different beam energies and beam intensities. The experience accumulated during the operation at 3.5 TeV and 4 TeV is reviewed and extrapolations to higher energies are considered.

MOPWO040

Analysis of Failures of the LHC Collimators during the 2010-2013 Operation

collimation, controls, luminosity, insertion

981

S. Redaelli, A. Masi
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The LHC collimation system must be available in all phases of the machine operation in order to handle the high stored beam energies. The system availability is therefore crucial to achieve an efficient LHC operation. The collimation system has proved to work reliably in the first years of LHC operation, with total stored energies up to 140 MJ. The impact on the machine availability has been limited. The analysis of collimation system availability and the failure rate in the years 2012-2012 is reviewed with the aim to identify possible further improvements for the future.

MOPWO050

Comparison of LHC Beam Loss Maps using the Transverse Damper Blow up and Tune Resonance Crossing Methods

collimation, resonance, betatron, background

1008

V. Moens, R. Bruce, S. Redaelli, B. Salvachua, G. Valentino
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
V. Moens
EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
G. Valentino
University of Malta, Information and Communication Technology, Msida, Malta

The LHC collimator settings are qualified regularly via beam loss maps. In this procedure, the beam is artificially excited to create abnormal loss rates. The transverse damper blow up and tune resonance crossing methods are used to increase the betatron amplitude of particles and verify the efficiency of the collimation cleaning and the collimator hierarchy. This paper presents a quantitative comparison of the methods, based on measurements done at different phases of the LHC machine cycle. The analysis is done using Beam Loss Monitor (BLM) with integration times of 1.3 s and 80 ms. The use of the faster BLM data to study the time evolution of the losses in IR3 and IR7 during off-momentum loss maps is also presented.

MOPWO057

A Precise Beam Dynamics Model of the PSI Injector 2

space-charge, cyclotron, simulation, emittance

1020

A.M. Kolano, R.J. Barlow
University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom
A. Adelmann, C. Baumgarten
PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland

The Injector 2 at PSI (Paul Scherrer Institut), is a 72 MeV separate sector cyclotron producing a high intensity proton beam up to 3 mA CW, which is subsequently injected to the 590 MeV Ring Cyclotron. The injection energy of the pre-bunched beam is 870 keV at an intensity of 10 to 11 mA. In this paper we describe a full 3D model of the PSI injector 2, starting just before the two bunchers and including the multi stage collimation scheme in the cyclotron. The precise beam dynamics model is based on the OPAL (Object Oriented Parallel Accelerator Library) simulation code. OPAL is a tool for charged-particle optic calculations in large accelerator structures and beam lines including 3D space charge. The presented model will be validated with data from radial profile measurements and loss rates from the collimators and the electrostatic septum in the Injector 2. Based on this model we will estimate the intensity limit of this machine and comment of future operation modes.

MOPWO058

Injection Simulations for TPS Storage Ring

storage-ring, simulation, kicker, lattice

1022

C.C. Chiang, P.J. Chou
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan

We present injection simulations for the TPS (Taiwan Photon Source) storage ring. The baseline lattice of TPS storage ring is a 6-fold structure with 24 double bend cells. For the Step I commissioning, only baseline lattice with dummy chambers are installed. The three double mini-beta-y lattice with insertion devices will be applied during Step II commissioning. The Tracy-2 program is used to simulate the particle motion in 6-D phase space. We adopt lattice models which include errors of alignments and magnet fields. The particle loss due to scraping by chamber limit is recorded in Tracy-2 simulation. We can estimate the radiation distribution of a ring and provide a reference for the shielding design accordingly.

MOPWO059

Development of MATLAB-based Application Programs for the Optics Matching, Beam Steering, and Injection Conditioning in TPS Commissioning

linac, optics, lattice, electron

1025

M.-S. Chiu, H.-P. Chang, P.J. Chou, F.H. Tseng
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan

Taiwan Photon Source (TPS) is a third generation 3GeV synchrotron light source. Its first beam commissioning is scheduled in 2014. Intensive efforts are devoted to achieve efficient transportation of the first beam from the LINAC, passing through the LTB transfer line, and its injection into the booster ring. After the beam energy has been ramped up to 3GeV in booster, the beam is extracted to the BTS transfer line. At the end of BTS, the beam is injected into the storage ring and circulates around the storage ring. In order to achieve efficient beam transportation, we have developed various MATLAB-based commissioning tools for the optics matching of transfer lines, beam steering and injection conditioning of booster and storage ring.

TUOCB201

Recent Developments of Novel Beam Diagnostics at the ESRF

electron, dipole, vacuum, diagnostics

1143

K.B. Scheidt
ESRF, Grenoble, France

A number of rather novel and particular electron beam diagnostics have seen their development in 2012 for the ESRF Storage Ring. A vertical Beam Halo detector that measures the bunch population at millimetres, i.e. hundreds of σs of nominal beam size, away from the central core. This measurement is based on X-ray synchrotron radiation from a bending magnet and is totally non-destructive to the electron beam itself. Another diagnostic use of the very hard X-rays available from the bending magnets is the detection of electron beam energy fluctuations. The detector hardware is simple and in-expensive and has shown a resolution of energy fluctuations of less than 10ppm. Also a single orbit turn measurement of the injected beam shape and size is now possible through the use of visible synchrotron light combined with a fast gateable intensifier, which can be triggered on any of the desired orbit turns after injection. Detailed results of each of these new diagnostics will be presented.

Slides TUOCB201 [1.511 MB]

TUPEA008

Physics of the AWAKE Project

plasma, wakefield, electron, laser

1179

P. Muggli, E. Oz, R. Tarkeshian
MPI, Muenchen, Germany
C. Bracco, E. Gschwendtner, A. Pardons
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
A. Caldwell, O. Reimann
MPI-P, München, Germany
K.V. Lotov
BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
A.M. Pukhov
HHUD, Dusseldorf, Germany
J. Vieira
IPFN, Lisbon, Portugal
M. Wing
UCL, London, United Kingdom

The goal of the AWKAKE collaboration is the study of plasma wakefields driven by proton (p⁺) bunches through experiments, simulations and theory. Proton bunches are interesting wakefield drivers because they can be ultra-relativistic (TeVs/p⁺) and carry large amounts of energy (>kJ). It was demonstrated in simulations* that acceleration of an electron (e-) bunch from 10GeV to >500GeV can be achieved in ~500m of plasma driven by a 1TeV, 100micron-long, bunch with 10¹¹ p+. Such short p⁺ bunches do not exist today. It was suggested** that a p⁺ bunch long compared to the plasma period can transversely self-modulate and resonantly drive wakefields to large amplitudes (~GV/m). Initial experiments based on self-modulation instability (SMI) will use single 12cm-long CERN SPS bunches with 1-3·10¹¹, 450GeV p⁺ to study physics of SMI. With a plasma density of 7·10¹⁴/cc the plasma wave and modulation period is 1.3mm. The SMI saturates after ~3m with amplitude in the GV/m range. Later a low energy (~10MeV) witness e^- bunch will be injected at the SMI saturation point. Energy gain over ~7m of plasma can reach the GeV level. Translation from physics to experimental plan and setup will be presented.
* A. Caldwell et al., Nature Physics 5, 363 (2009)
** N. Kumar et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 255003 (2010)

TUPEA056

Concept of Dielectric Wakefield Accelerator Driven by a Long Sequence of Electron Bunches

wakefield, electron, acceleration, resonance

1259

I.N. Onishchenko, V. Kiselev, A. Linnik, G.V. Sotnikov
NSC/KIPT, Kharkov, Ukraine

Funding: This study is supported by Global Initiatives for Proliferation Prevention (GIPP) program, project ANL-T2-247-UA (STCU Agreement P522)
The scheme of a two-beam accelerator type is considered that is based on wakefield excitation in rectangular dielectric resonator by a sequence of electron bunches with the aim to enhance wakefield intensity due to multi-bunch coherent excitation, multi-mode summation, and wakefield accumulation in resonator. The sequence of bunches can be divided into exciting and accelerated parts in any proportion by means at the proper detuning of bunch repetition frequency relative to the frequency of principle eigen mode of the resonator. A train of 6000 electron bunches, each of energy 4.5МeV, charge 0.16nC, duration 60psec, diameter 1.0cm, and angular spread 0.05 mrad is produced with the linear resonant accelerator. Bunch repetition frequency is 2805 MHz and can be varied within 2MHz by changing master oscillator frequency. Bunches are injected into copper rectangular waveguide of cross-section 8.5x18.0cm² and length 75cm along wide sides of which Teflon plates are placed. The plate thickness is chosen 1.67cm so that the frequency of excited eigen mode coincides with bunch repetition frequency.

TUPFI001

High Luminosity LHC Matching Section Layout vs Crab Cavity Voltage

optics, cavity, luminosity, quadrupole

1328

B. Dalena
CEA/IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
A. Chancé, J. Payet
CEA/DSM/IRFU, France
R. De Maria, S.D. Fartoukh
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Funding: The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Commission under the FP7 project HiLumi LHC, GA no. 284404, co-funded by the DoE, USA and KEK, Japan.
In the framework of the HL-LHC Upgrade project we present a new possible variant for the layout of the LHC matching section located in the high luminosity insertions. This layout is optimized to reduce the demand on the voltage of the crab cavities, while substantially improving the optics squeeze-ability, both in ATS [1] and non-ATS mode. These new layout will be described in details together with its performance figures in terms of mechanical acceptance, chromatic properties and optics flexibility. [1] S. Fartoukh, ‘’An Achromatic Telescopic Squeezing (ATS) Scheme for LHC Upgrade’’, in proceedings of IPAC11, p. 2088.

TUPFI002

Electron Cloud and Scrubbing Studies for the LHC

electron, emittance, dipole, luminosity

1331

G. Iadarola
Naples University Federico II, Science and Technology Pole, Napoli, Italy
G. Arduini, V. Baglin, H. Bartosik, C.O. Domínguez, J. Esteban Müller, G. Iadarola, G. Rumolo, E.N. Shaposhnikova, L.J. Tavian, F. Zimmermann
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
C.O. Domínguez
EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
G.H.I. Maury Cuna
CINVESTAV, Mexico City, Mexico

Electron cloud build-up resulting from beam-induced multipacting is one of the major limitations for the operation of the LHC with beams with close bunch spacing. Electron clouds induce unwanted pressure rise, heat loads on the beam screens of the superconducting magnets and beam instabilities. Operation with bunch spacing of 50 ns in 2011 and 2012 has required decreasing the Secondary Electron Yield of the beam screens below the multipacting threshold for beams with this bunch spacing. This was achieved by continuous electron bombardment induced by operating the machine with high intensity beams with 50 and 25 ns spacing during dedicated periods at injection energy (450 GeV) and at top energy (3.5 and 4 TeV). The evolution of the Secondary Electron Yield during these periods, at different sections of the machine, can be estimated by pressure, heat load and by bunch-by-bunch RF stable phase measurements. The experimental information on the scrubbing process will be discussed and a possible “scrubbing strategy” to allow the operation with 50ns and 25ns beams after the Long Shutdown in 2013-2014 will be presented.

TUPFI014

HLLHCV1.0: HL-LHC Layout and Optics Models for 150 mm Nb3Sn Triplets and Local Crab-cavities

optics, quadrupole, sextupole, ion

1358

R. De Maria, S.D. Fartoukh
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
A.V. Bogomyagkov
BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
M. Korostelev
The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom

Funding: The HiLumi LHC Design Study is included in the HL-LHC project and is partly funded by the European Commission within the Framework Programme 7 Capacities Specific Programme, Grant Agreement 284404.
The paper presents the latest layout and optics models for the HL-LHC upgrade project. As an evolution from the previous version SLHCV3.1b, it integrates the new Nb3Sn triplet (140T/m, 150mm) with all the additional magnets needed to be compatible with a β^* reach of 15cm and beyond. The collision optics implements the ATS* scheme which is able to provide very low value of β^* and at the same time warrants outstanding control of the chromatic aberrations within the strength limits of the existing arc sextupole scheme of the LHC. The optics models include the injection and collision optics for proton and ion operations foreseen for the HL-LHC, with improved squeeze-ability of the existing IR2 and IR8 insertions, and all the corresponding optic transitions. An aperture model and a series of optics matched in thin lenses complete the needs for a large range of dedicated beam dynamic studies (dynamic aperture, beam-beam effects, collimation).
* S. Fartoukh, ‘’An Achromatic Telescopic Squeezing (ATS) Scheme for LHC Upgrade’’, in proceedings of IPAC11, p. 2088.

TUPFI015

Study of the IR2 and IR8 Squeezeability for HL-LHC Upgrade

optics, quadrupole, insertion, luminosity

1361

A.V. Bogomyagkov
BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
R. De Maria
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Funding: The HiLumi LHC Design Study is included in the HL-LHC project and is partly funded by the European Commission within the Framework Programme 7 Capacities Specific Programme, Grant Agreement 284404.
The paper presents the results of the study of different optics configurations which allow to reach smaller beta functions at the IP2 and IP8 in the framework of the HL-LHC project. The variants at collision energies must be compatible with the ATS* scheme which provides small beta function at the IP1 and IP5 or provide low beta function for Alice and LHCb during ion operatations. The ones at injection must satisfy injection transfer lines and aperture constraints. The final goal is to find the overlap between the phase advances of all the configuration for IR2 and IR8 respectively, in order to mainting the LHC working point without rematching the remaining insertions.
* S. Fartoukh, ‘’An Achromatic Telescopic Squeezing (ATS) Scheme for LHC Upgrade’’, in proceedings of IPAC11, p. 2088.

TUPFI025

Bunch-by-Bunch Analysis of the LHC Heavy-Ion Luminosity

luminosity, emittance, simulation, ion

1391

M. Schaumann, J.M. Jowett
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

After the first run in 2010, the LHC continued its heavy-ion operation with collisions of lead nuclei in late 2011. The beam dynamics of those high intensity lead beams are strongly influenced by intra-beam scattering (IBS), especially on the injection plateau. Each batch injected from the SPS spends a different time at injection, introducing significant changes from batch to batch. Within the batches there is an even larger spread imprinted by the SPS injection plateau. This results in a spread of the luminosity produced in each bunch crossing. The particle losses during collisions are dominated by nuclear electromagnetic processes, leading to a non-exponential intensity decay during the fill and short luminosity lifetime at 3.5 Z TeV. The luminosity, emittance, intensity and bunch length evolution of the 2011 run was analysed bunch-by-bunch and compared with simulations. Based on this analysis, estimates of the potential luminosity performance at 6.5 Z TeV, after the present shutdown, are given.

TUPFI026

Investigations of the LHC Emittance Blow-Up during the 2012 Proton Run

emittance, luminosity, proton, target

1394

M. Kuhn
Uni HH, Hamburg, Germany
G. Arduini, P. Baudrenghien, J. Emery, A. Guerrero, W. Höfle, V. Kain, M. Lamont, T. Mastoridis, F. Roncarolo, M. Sapinski, M. Schaumann, R.J. Steinhagen, G. Trad, D. Valuch
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

About 30 % of the potential luminosity performance is lost through the different phases of the LHC cycle, mainly due to transverse emittance blow-up. Measuring the emittance growth is a difficult task with high intensity beams and changing energies. Improvements of the LHC transverse profile instrumentation helped to study various effects. A breakdown of the growth through the different phases of the LHC cycle is given as well as a comparison with the data from the LHC experiments for transverse beam size. In 2012 a number of possible sources and remedies have been studied. Among these are intra beam scattering, 50 Hz noise and the effect of the transverse damper gain. The results of the investigations are summarized in this paper. Requirements for transverse profile instrumentation for post LHC long shutdown operation to finally tackle the emittance growth are given as well.

TUPFI027

Energy Deposition Studies for Fast Losses during LHC Injection Failures

kicker, proton, quadrupole, alignment

1397

A. Lechner, A. Alnuaimi, C. Bracco, F. Cerutti, A. Christov, L.S. Esposito, N.V. Shetty, V. Vlachoudis
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Several instances of injection kicker magnet (MKI) failures have occurred in the first years of LHC operation, leading to misinjections or to accidental kicks of circulating bunches. In a few cases, MKI modules imparted a partial or an increased beam deflection, resulting in grazing bunch impact on beam-intercepting devices and consequently leading to significant secondary showers to downstream accelerator elements. In this study, we investigate different failure occurrences where miskicked bunches were incident on the injection beam stopper (TDI) and on one of the auxiliary injection collimators (TCLIB), respectively. FLUKA shower calculations were performed to quantify the energy deposition in superconducting magnets. Different sections of the LHC insertion regions 2 and 8 were studied, including the separation dipole and the inner triplet downstream of the TDI as well as matching section and dispersion suppressor adjacent to the TCLIB. The obtained results are evaluated in view of quench and damage limits.

TUPFI028

Beam Losses Through the LHC Operational Cycle in 2012

proton, beam-losses, luminosity, emittance

1400

G. Papotti, A.A. Gorzawski, M. Hostettler, R. Schmidt
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

We review the losses through the nominal LHC cycle for physics operation in 2012. The loss patterns are studied and categorized according to timescale, distribution, time in the cycle, which bunches are affected, whether coherent or incoherent. Possible causes and correlations are identified, e.g. to machine parameters or instability signatures. A comparison with losses in the previous years of operation is also shown.

TUPFI031

Effect of Collision Pattern in the LHC on the Beam Stability: Requirements from Experiments and Operational Considerations

luminosity, damping, proton, collider

1409

W. Herr, G. Arduini, R. Giachino, E. Métral, G. Papotti, T. Pieloni
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
X. Buffat, N. Mounet
EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
S.M. White
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA

Coherent instabilities of bunches in the LHC bunch train can be observed when the tune spread from beam-beam interactions becomes insufficient to ensure Landau damping. In particular these effects are seen on bunches with a reduced number of beam-beam interactions due to their collision pattern. Furthermore, such a reduction of the necessary stability can occur during the processes when the beams are prepared for collisions or during the optimization procedure. We discuss the observations and possible countermeasures, in particular alternatives to the existing beam manipulation processes where such a situation can occur.

TUPFI038

Operation of the Betatron Squeeze at the LHC

optics, betatron, luminosity, proton

1430

S. Redaelli, X. Buffat, M. Lamont, G.J. Müller, M. Solfaroli Camillocci, R. Tomás, J. Wenninger
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
G.J. Müller
TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany

The betatron squeeze is one of the most delicate operational phases at the large Hadron collider as it entails changes of optics performed at top energy, with full intensities. Appropriate software was developed to handle the squeeze, which ensured an efficient commissioning down to a β^* of 60 cm and a smooth operation. Several optics configurations could be commissioned and put in operation for physics. The operational experience of the LHC runs from 2010 until 2012 is presented and the overall performance reviewed.

TUPFI045

Electron-cloud Maps for LHC Scrubbing Optimization

electron, simulation, dipole, beam-losses

1451

C.O. Domínguez, F. Zimmermann
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Electron-cloud maps as alternative to detailed build-up simulations have already been applied in the past for a few accelerators, e.g. RHIC and the LHC at 7 TeV. We here report a first application of maps to optimize the "beam scrubbing" of the LHC arcs at injection energy: Maps are used to efficiently determine the optimum bunch filling pattern which maximizes the electron flux on the chamber wall, while respecting constraints on the central cloud density to ensure beam stability. In addition, new features have been explored, e.g. by introducing thresholds which divide regions where either linear maps or cubic maps best describe the build-up and the decay of an electron cloud. In the near future we plan to extend the map formalism to individual slices in a dipole file in order to represent the vertical "stripes".

TUPFI049

Studies of 10 GeV Decay Ring Design for the International Design Study of the Neutrino Factory

insertion, kicker, optics, storage-ring

1457

D.J. Kelliher, C.R. Prior
STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
N. Bliss, N.A. Collomb
STFC/DL, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
A. Kurup, J. Pasternak
Imperial College of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
J. Pasternak
STFC/RAL, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
H. Witte
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA

Due to the discovery of large θ13 the final muon storage energy in the baseline solution of International Design Study for the Neutrino Factory (IDS-NF) has been set at 10 GeV. A new racetrack design has been produced for the decay ring to meet this requirement. The details of lattice design and the beam dynamics calculations are discussed. The feasibility of the injection system for both positive and negative muons into the ring is explored in details.

TUPFI051

Optics Transition between Injection and Collision Optics for the HL-LHC Upgrade Project

quadrupole, optics, insertion, luminosity

1460

M. Korostelev, A. Wolski
The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
R. De Maria, S.D. Fartoukh
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
M. Korostelev, A. Wolski
Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom

Funding: The HiLumi LHC Design Study is included in the HL-LHC project and is partly funded by the European Commission within the Framework Programme 7 Capacities Specific Programme, Grant Agreement 284404.
Plans for the luminosity upgrade of the LHC collider at CERN (HL-LHC) are based on implementation of magnets with larger apertures in the interaction regions, together with the ATS [*] technique to reach very low values of the beta function at the collision points. The transition from injection to collision optics will be carried out in two stages, and will involve varying the strengths of the quadrupoles within the straight sections. Solutions for the optics transition have to meet a variety of challenging constraints, including constraints on the phase advances and Twiss parameters throughout the straights involved in the transition, specified minimum and maximum strengths of the quadrupoles, etc. Moreover, to minimize the time taken for the transition, the variation of the quadrupole strengths should be as smooth as possible, especially for the strongest quadrupoles. Avoiding changes of slope as much as possible will also minimize hysteresis effects in the super-conducting matching quadrupoles participating to the process. This paper presents one possible solution for the optics transition, calculated for the HLLHCv1.0 version of the optics and layout of the HL-LHC.
* S. Fartoukh, "An Achromatic Telescopic Squeezing (ATS) Scheme for LHC Upgrade", in proceedings of IPAC11, p. 2088.

TUPFI055

Stochastic Injection Scenarios and Performance for NuSTORM

storage-ring, target, proton, simulation

1469

D.V. Neuffer
Fermilab, Batavia, USA
A. Liu
Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA

At Fermilab, we are developing NuSTORM (Neutrinos from STORed Muons), a neutrino beam from muon decay in a long straight section of a storage ring. The baseline design for NuSTORM uses what was called “stochastic injection”. In that method, high-energy protons on a nuclear target produce pions that are directed by a chicane into a straight section of the storage ring. Pions that decay within that straight section can provide lower-energy muons that are within the circulating acceptance of the storage ring. This decay acceptance enables injection for multiple storage ring turns without kickers, and muon accumulation can be reasonably high. The design of a muon storage ring with pion injection is described and simulations of acceptance are discussed. Alternative injection approaches are also discussed.

TUPFI076

First RHIC Collider Test Operation at 2.5GeV Beam Energy

ion, multipole, dipole, luminosity

1523

C. Montag, L. A. Ahrens, M. Bai, J. Beebe-Wang, I. Blackler, M. Blaskiewicz, J.M. Brennan, K.A. Brown, D. Bruno, R. Connolly, T. D'Ottavio, K.A. Drees, W. Fischer, C.J. Gardner, X. Gu, M. Harvey, T. Hayes, L.T. Hoff, H. Huang, R.L. Hulsart, J.S. Laster, C. Liu, Y. Luo, G.J. Marr, A. Marusic, F. Méot, K. Mernick, R.J. Michnoff, M.G. Minty, J. Morris, S. Nemesure, V.H. Ranjbar, G. Robert-Demolaize, T. Roser, V. Schoefer, F. Severino, T.C. Shrey, K.S. Smith, S. Tepikian, J.E. Tuozzolo, M. Wilinski, A. Zaltsman, K. Zeno, W. Zhang
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
To search for the critical point in the QCD phase diagram, RHIC needs to operate at a set of low gold beam energies between 2.5 and 20 GeV per nucleon. During run 12, first successful collider operation at the lowest energy of 2.5 GeV per nucleon was achieved. We present the challenges and achieved results, and discuss possible future upgrades and improvements.

TUPFI084

RHIC Polarized Proton Operation for 2013

emittance, lattice, polarization, resonance

1544

V.H. Ranjbar, L. A. Ahrens, E.C. Aschenauer, M. Bai, J. Beebe-Wang, M. Blaskiewicz, J.M. Brennan, K.A. Brown, D. Bruno, R. Connolly, T. D'Ottavio, K.A. Drees, Y. Dutheil, W. Fischer, C.J. Gardner, J.W. Glenn, X. Gu, M. Harvey, T. Hayes, H. Huang, R.L. Hulsart, A.I. Kirleis, J.S. Laster, C. Liu, Y. Luo, Y. Makdisi, G.J. Marr, A. Marusic, F. Méot, K. Mernick, R.J. Michnoff, M.G. Minty, C. Montag, J. Morris, S. Nemesure, P.H. Pile, A. Poblaguev, V. Ptitsyn, G. Robert-Demolaize, T. Roser, W.B. Schmidke, V. Schoefer, F. Severino, T.C. Shrey, D. Smirnov, K.S. Smith, D. Steski, S. Tepikian, D. Trbojevic, N. Tsoupas, J.E. Tuozzolo, G. Wang, M. Wilinski, K. Yip, A. Zaltsman, A. Zelenski, K. Zeno, S.Y. Zhang
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
O. Eyser
UCR, Riverside, California, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
The 2013 operation of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) marks the second year of running under the RHIC II era. Additionally this year saw the implementation of several important upgrades designed to push the intensity frontier. Two new E-lenses have been installed, along with a new lattice designed for the E-lens operation. A new polarized proton source which generates about factor of 2 more intensity was commissioned as well as a host of RF upgrades from a new longitudinal damper, Landau cavity in RHIC to a new low level RF and new harmonic structure for the AGS. We present an overview of the challenges and results from this years run.

TUPME008

Beam Dynamics Studies for the Injection System of a High Luminosity Flavour Factory

linac, electron, positron, luminosity

1577

D. Pellegrini
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
M.E. Biagini, S. Guiducci
INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy

The requirements, in terms of average luminosity and lifetimes, of high luminosity e⁺e⁻ colliders such as the Flavor factories, pose stringent constraints to the design of the injection complex. For the SuperB B-factory project at Tor Vergata, Italy, a design was developed to deliver full energy bunches (4.2 GeV e^- and 6.7 GeV e+) to the main rings every 30 ms aiming at a high and nearly constant luminosity. The system included a polarized electron gun, a positron production system, linac sections, a Damping Ring (DR) and transfer lines connecting to the collider Main Rings (MR). After the decision, due to budget issues, to rescale the project to a lower energy (2.3 GeV/beam) for a tau/charm flavour factory, the same design principles have been applied. In this paper beam dynamics studies from the DR to the MR entrance is presented, including optimization of the transfer lines and of the bunch compressor. A start to end simulation shows that the beam quality satisfies theinjection requirements, even in the presence of energy errors and collective effects like CSR and wakefields.

TUPME019

Simulation for Control of Longitudinal Beam Emittance in J-PARC MR

emittance, bunching, simulation, acceleration

1610

M. Yamamoto, M. Nomura, A. Schnase, T. Shimada, F. Tamura
JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan
E. Ezura, K. Hara, K. Hasegawa, C. Ohmori, A. Takagi, K. Takata, M. Toda, M. Yoshii
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

The J-PARC MR receives a high intensity beam from the RCS. The designed longitudinal emittance of the RCS is 5 eVs, whereas the MR rf bucket has enough margin to accept up to 10 eVs. Although the RCS emittance can be increased by using PM method and a large emittance is desirable to increase the bunching factor and to avoid instability, it is difficult to receive such large emittance beam in the MR because of the MR kicker performance. We have performed the particle tracking simulation of longitudinal emittance control for enlarging the beam emittance by PM method and for keeping the bunching factor high using 2nd harmonic rf during the MR injection period.

TUPME032

Update on Beam Induced RF Heating in the LHC

impedance, kicker, proton, simulation

1646

B. Salvant, O. Aberle, G. Arduini, R.W. Aßmann, V. Baglin, M.J. Barnes, W. Bartmann, P. Baudrenghien, O.E. Berrig, A. Bertarelli, C. Bracco, E. Bravin, G. Bregliozzi, R. Bruce, F. Carra, F. Caspers, G. Cattenoz, S.D. Claudet, H.A. Day, M. Deile, J. Esteban Müller, P. Fassnacht, M. Garlaschè, L. Gentini, B. Goddard, A. Grudiev, B. Henrist, S. Jakobsen, O.R. Jones, O. Kononenko, G. Lanza, L. Lari, T. Mastoridis, V. Mertens, N. Mounet, E. Métral, A.A. Nosych, J.L. Nougaret, S. Persichelli, A.M. Piguiet, S. Redaelli, F. Roncarolo, G. Rumolo, B. Salvachua, M. Sapinski, R. Schmidt, E.N. Shaposhnikova, L.J. Tavian, M.A. Timmins, J.A. Uythoven, A. Vidal, J. Wenninger, D. Wollmann, M. Zerlauth
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
H.A. Day
UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
L. Lari
IFIC, Valencia, Spain

Since June 2011, the rapid increase of the luminosity performance of the LHC has come at the expense of increased temperature and pressure readings on specific near-beam LHC equipment. In some cases, this beam induced heating has caused delays whilie equipment cools down, beam dumps and even degradation of these devices. This contribution gathers the observations of beam induced heating attributable to beam coupling impedance, their current level of understanding and possible actions that are planned to be implemented during the long shutdown in 2013-2014.

TUPME033

Evaluation of the Beam Coupling Impedance of New beam Screen Designs for the LHC Injection Kicker Magnets

impedance, kicker, coupling, resonance

1649

H.A. Day
UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
M.J. Barnes, F. Caspers, E. Métral, B. Salvant
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
R.M. Jones
Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom

The LHC injection kicker magnets (MKIs) have experienced a significant degree of beam induced heating since the beginning of the 2011 due to the increasing intensity stored in the LHC, for long periods of time, and the relatively large broadband impedance of the installed kicker magnets. In this paper we show the sources of impedance in the MKIs, especially the effect that the beam screen dimensions have on the impedance. We show how these alter the power loss, and present an improved beam screen design that improves shielding on the magnet, whilst further improving electrical breakdown.

TUPME034

Experimental Studies for Future LHC Beams in the SPS

emittance, optics, brightness, space-charge

1652

H. Bartosik, T. Argyropoulos, T. Bohl, S. Cettour-Cave, J. Esteban Müller, W. Höfle, G. Iadarola, Y. Papaphilippou, G. Rumolo, B. Salvant, F. Schmidt, E.N. Shaposhnikova, H. Timko
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
A.Y. Molodozhentsev
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

The High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) project requires significantly higher beam intensity than presently accessible in the LHC injector chain. The aim of the LHC injectors upgrade project (LIU) is to prepare the CERN accelerators for the future needs of the LHC. Therefore a series of machine studies with high brightness beams were performed, assessing the present performance reach and identifying remaining limitations. Of particular concern are beam loading and longitudinal instabilities at high energy, space charge for beams with 50ns bunch spacing and electron cloud effects for beams with 25ns bunch spacing. This paper provides a summary of the performed studies, that have been possible thanks to the implementation of the SPS low gamma-transition optics.

TUPME045

Turn-by-turn Measurements in the KEK-ATF

synchrotron, damping, betatron, emittance

1664

Y. Renier, Y. Papaphilippou, R. Tomás, M. Wendt
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
N. Eddy
Fermilab, Batavia, USA
K. Kubo, S. Kuroda, T. Naito, T. Okugi, N. Terunuma, J. Urakawa
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

The ATF damping ring has been upgraded with new read-out electronics for the beam position monitors (BPM), capable to acquire the beam orbits on a turn-by-turn basis, as well as in a high resolution averaging mode. The new BPM system allows to improve optic corrections and to achieve an even smaller vertical emittance (<2pm). Experimental results are presented based on turn-by-turn beam orbit measurements in the ring, for estimating the beta functions and dispersion along the lattice. A fast method to measure spectral line amplitude in a few turns is also presented, including the evaluation of chromaticity.

TUPME056

3.5 GeV Superconducting Stacking Ring for Compton Based Polarized Positrons Source of CLIC

positron, damping, synchrotron, emittance

1697

E.V. Bulyak, P. Gladkikh, A.A. Kalamayko
NSC/KIPT, Kharkov, Ukraine
T. Omori, J. Urakawa, K. Yokoya
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
L. Rinolfi, F. Zimmermann
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

This paper describes 3.5 GeV superconducting storage ring dedicated to positron accumulation as part of a polarized positron source for CLIC, based on Compton scattering in a Compton storage ring. The superconducting stacking ring can provide a synchrotron damping time of order 250 microseconds. Together with combined injection scheme in the longitudinal and transverse plane, such a ring may solve the problem of accumulating a positron beam with efficiency close to 95 % and with the beam intensity required for CLIC.

TUPWA009

Bunch by Bunch Intra-Bunch Feedback System for Curing Transverse Beam Instabilities at the J-PARC MR

feedback, impedance, kicker, betatron

1739

O. A. Konstantinova, Y.H. Chin, Y. Kurimoto, T. Obina, M. Okada, K. Takata, M. Tobiyama, T. Toyama
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
Y. Shobuda
JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan

At the J-PARC Main Ring (MR), transverse instabilities have been observed during the injection and at the onset of acceleration with large particle losses. The present bunch by bunch feedback system, operating in a narrowband mode, has been effectively suppressing these instabilities, allowing the beam power to reach 230kW with only 400W of particle losses. The observed beam signals show that bunches are still executing complicated intra-bunch oscillations even if the narrowband feedback system is on, though they are not imposing significant particle losses at present. The new and more advanced broadband feedback system has been developed for control of the intra-bunch oscillations and further reduction of particle losses. The elaborate analysis code has been also developed on the MATLAB platform to analyse effects of the broadband feedback system on intra-bunch oscillations. This paper describes the development of these advanced instruments and presents the analysis of the latest beam test results using the MATLAB code.

TUPWO014

Downscaling the Energy of the MAMI-B Cascade Towards 100 MeV

microtron, dipole, extraction, electron

1910

M. Dehn, K. Aulenbacher, K.-H. Kaiser, H.-J. Kreidel, V. Schmitt
IKP, Mainz, Germany

Funding: Work supported by DFG (CRC 443/1044) and the German federal state of Rheinland-Pfalz
New experiments could benefit from energies of ~100 MeV, significantly lower than 180 MeV which is the lowest energy routinely available with the microtron cascade of MAMI-B. This article describes the difficulties which arise due to the drastically reduced injection energy of the first microtron (RTM-1) and presents the results of the beam tests which have been performed. We suggest a new beam extraction system from RTM-2 which will avoid these problems.

TUPWO015

Off-Energy Injection Into Newsubaru

lattice, septum, synchrotron, betatron

1913

Y. Shoji
LASTI, Hyogo, Japan
Y. Minagawa, Y. Takemura
JASRI/SPring-8, Hyogo-ken, Japan

NewSUBARU is temporarily operated in non-achromatic mode for the research using chromaticity modulation. At this special mode, a normal injection scheme does not work because of the larger stored beam size and smaller ring acceptance. In order to obtain good injection efficiency, which enables top-up operation, the injected beam energy is displaced from the ring energy. The finite dispersion of 1.1 m at the injection point and the energy displacement of 0.7% reduce the betatron oscillation amplitude of the injected beam. A trade off is a synchrotron oscillation produced by the energy mismatch. Using this technique, it became possible to inject new beam using a closed fast injection bump and also a top-up operation. Although it is not possible to inject beam to a normal achromatic lattice using a closed bump. Especially in non-achromatic quasi-isochronous ring, it would be possible that the energy mismatch is reduced by the betatron amplitude dependent shift of the equilibrium energy.

TUPWO022

Space Charge Effects Study and Optimization in CSNS/LRBT

space-charge, emittance, lattice, linac

1928

Z.P. Li, N. Huang, W.B. Liu, S. Wang
IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China

The linac to ring beam transport line (LRBT) of China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) connecting the linac and the rapid cycling synchrotron (RCS) transports 80 MeV negative hydrogen ions (H⁻) beams for RCS injection. Space charge effect in LRBT is significant due to small emittance and high current density of the beam, which is a major cause of emittance growth and beam loss. An achromatic transverse optical matching was performed by TRACE 3D code. Emittance growths of beams with different initial distributions in different LRBT lattices were studied separately. Simulation results show that the LRBT design with triplet can mitigate the emittance growth by lattice optimization of the front matching section and no beam loss occurs at 15mA. The location and parameters of the debuncher in LRBT were also optimized to reduce the momentum spread and energy jitter.

TUPWO031

Double-mini-beta Optics for the SSRF Storage Ring

optics, dynamic-aperture, storage-ring, emittance

1943

S.Q. Tian, B.C. Jiang, M.Z. Zhang, Z.T. Zhao
SINAP, Shanghai, People's Republic of China

The two long straight sections of the SSRF storage ring will be installed by dual canted in-vacuum insertion devices in the near future. In order to get high brightness and maintain good machine performance, the vertical beta function must be reduced by a triplet of quadrupole between the two source points, which is the so-called double-mini-beta optics. We have designed this kind of optics for SSRF, and the results are presented in this paper.

TUPWO041

Beam Size and Emittance Measurements during the ALBA Booster Ramp

booster, emittance, linac, dipole

1964

U. Iriso, G. Benedetti
CELLS-ALBA Synchrotron, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain

The beam emittance in the ALBA Booster is damped from 50·10^-6 m*rad to 10^-9 m*rad during the energy acceleration from 110 MeV to 3 GeV. The synchrotron radiation monitor installed in a dipole magnet provides the transverse beam size evolution along the energy ramp, which is then used to calculate the emittance evolution during the full booster cycle (from injection to extraction). In this report, we present the experimental set-up and technique of this measurement, and discuss the agreement between the measured parameters and theoretical values.

TUPWO049

Automatic Correction of Betatron Coupling in the LHC using Injection Oscillations

coupling, controls, quadrupole, betatron

1979

T. Persson, T. Bach, D. Jacquet, V. Kain, Y.I. Levinsen, E.H. Maclean, M.J. McAteer, P.K. Skowroński, R. Tomás, G. Vanbavinckhove
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
R. Miyamoto
ESS, Lund, Sweden

The control of the betatron coupling at injection and during the energy ramp is critical for the safe operation of the tune feedback and for the dynamic aperture. In the LHC every fill is preceded by the injection of a pilot bunch with low intensity. Using the injection oscillations from the pilot bunch we are able to measure the coupling at each individual BPM. The measurement is used to calculate a global coupling correction. The correction is based on the use of two orthogonal knobs which correct the real and imaginary part of the difference resonance term f1001, respectively. This method to correct the betatron coupling has been proven successful during the normal operation of the LHC. This paper presents the method used to calculate the corrections and its performance.

TUPWO056

Modelling of the EMMA ns-FFAG Ring using GPT

space-charge, simulation, electron, closed-orbit

1994

R.T.P. D'Arcy
UCL, London, United Kingdom
J.K. Jones, B.D. Muratori
STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
S.B. van der Geer
Pulsar Physics, Eindhoven, The Netherlands

EMMA (Electron Machine with Many Applications) is a prototype non-scaling Fixed-Field Alternating Gradient (ns-FFAG) accelerator whose construction at Daresbury Laboratory, UK, was completed in the autumn of 2010. The energy recovery linac ALICE serves as an injector for the EMMA ring, within an effective energy range of 10 to 20 MeV. The ring is composed of 42 cells, each containing one focusing and one defocusing quadrupole. Acceleration over many turns of the EMMA machine has recently been confirmed. In some cases the bunch will traverse upwards of 100 turns, at which point the effects of space-charge may be significant. It is therefore necessary to model the electron beam transport in the ring using a code capable of both calculating the effect of and compensating for space-charge. Therefore the General Particle Tracer (GPT) code has been used. A range of injection beam parameters have been modelled for comparison with experimental results and those of other codes. The simulated effects of space-charge on the tune shift of the machine are also compared with those expected from theory.

TUPWO057

Active Shimming of Dynamic Multipoles of an APPLE II Undulator in the Diamond Storage Ring

polarization, optics, vacuum, undulator

1997

B. Singh, R. Bartolini, R.T. Fielder, E.C. Longhi, I.P.S. Martin, S.P. Mhaskar, R.P. Walker
Diamond, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
R. Bartolini
JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom

Diamond plans to operate a 5 m, long period length, APPLE undulator in a long insertion straight section. Theoretical investigations showed a severe impact on machine dynamics especially when the device is operated in vertical polarization mode. The use of local optics corrections and/or lowering of beta functions were initially investigated as possible solutions but with limited success. Active shimming of dynamic multipoles, following the approach at BESSY-II, proved more effective. The optimum shiming has been devised using kick map approach. In this paper we review the theoretical analysis, the commissioning of the active shims and the undulator, and the net effect of the undulator after compensation.

TUPWO064

Online Optimization Algorithms for Accelerators and Experimental Results

coupling, optics, quadrupole, simulation

2012

X. Huang, W.J. Corbett, J.A. Safranek, J. Wu
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA

Online optimization of accelerators is becoming increasingly more important as accelerator systems become more and more complex. Online accelerator optimization is generally a multi-variant nonlinear problem with considerable noise. Efficiency and robustness are critical for online applications. Therefore optimization algorithms require special considerations. In this study we evaluate the viability of several online optimization algorithms for both ring and linac machines. Numerical simulations and experimental tests are presented to investigate performance of the algorithms.

TUPWO068

Performance Improvements of the SLAC Linac for the FACET Beam

linac, emittance, quadrupole, klystron

2021

F.-J. Decker, N. Lipkowitz, E. Marín, Y. Nosochkov, J. Sheppard, M.K. Sullivan, Y. Sun, M.-H. Wang, G.R. White, U. Wienands, M. Woodley, G. Yocky
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA

Funding: Work supported by U.S.Department of Energy, Contract DE-AC02-76SF00515.
Two thirds of the SLAC Linac is used to generate a short, intense electron beam for the FACET experiments. The emittance growth along the Linac is a major concern to finally get small spot sizes for these experiments. There are two different approaches to get the required small emittances: a) lengthy iterative global tuning technique, and b) trying to identify locations of the main sources of the emittance growth and reducing their effect locally. How these approaches help to get good beam performances is discussed.

WEPWA004

Multi-turn ERL Based Light Source: Analysis of Injection and Recovery Schemes

linac, cryomodule, optics, acceleration

2129

Y. Petenev, T. Atkinson, A.V. Bondarenko, A.N. Matveenko
HZB, Berlin, Germany

The optics simulation group at HZB is designing a multi-turn energy recovery linac -based light source. Using the superconducting Linac technology, the Femto-Science-Factory(FSF) will provide its users with ultra-bright photon beams of angstrom wavelength. The FSF is intended to be a multi-user facility and offer a variety of operation modes. The driver of the facility is a 6GeV multiturn energy recovery linac with a split linac. In this paper we compare different schemes of beam acceleration: a direct injection scheme with acceleration in a 6 GeV linac, a two-stage injection with acceleration in a 6 GeV linac, and a multi-turn (3-turn) scheme with a two-stage injection and two main 1 GeV linacs. The key points were costs and beam break up instability.

WEPWA013

Injection Scheme into the High Field ILSF Storage Ring

kicker, electron, storage-ring, booster

2156

H. Ghasem
IPM, Tehran, Iran
E. Ahmadi, F. Saeidi
ILSF, Tehran, Iran

The injection system into a storage ring of a synchrotron radiation facility significantly affects quality of the electron beam and the radiated x-ray. The extracted 3 GeV electron beam from the booster synchrotron of the ILSF is transferred via the BTS transfer line and injected into the ILSF storage ring based on high field lattice structure. This paper describes the injection procedure into the ILSF storage ring and gives the electron tracking results of the injected beam.

WEPWA016

Production of Intense High Energy Gamma Beam for LEPS2 Project at SPring-8

laser, storage-ring, electron, scattering

2162

T. Yorita, T. Hotta, N. Muramatsu, T. Nakano, M. Oka, M. Yosoi
RCNP, Osaka, Japan
S. Daté, Y. Ohashi, H. Ohkuma, M. Oishi, Y. Okayasu, M. Shoji, S. Suzuki, Y. Taniuchi
JASRI/SPring-8, Hyogo-ken, Japan

Construction of new beam line for LEPS2 Project at SPring-8 has been done and development is now undergoing. LEPS2 is the project for high energy hadron physics using intense high energy gamma beam as probe. The gamma beam is produced by laser backward Compton scattering with injecting high power UV laser into the 8 GeV electron beam on long straight section of SPring-8 storage ring. The target intensities are ~10⁷/s for E_γ=2.4 GeV, ~10⁶/s for E_γ=2.9 GeV.

WEPWA018

Pulsed Sextupole Injection for BAPS

sextupole, emittance, septum, storage-ring

2168

Y. Jiao, G. Xu
IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China

In this paper we present the physical design of the pulsed sextupole injection system for Beijing Advanced Photon Source (BAPS) with an ultralow emittance. The BAPS ring lattice is designed in such a way that two injection options are allowed, i.e., with septum and pulsed sextupole in different drift spaces or in the same drift space. For both options optimal conditions are obtained for high injection efficiency. It is found that the available efficiency in a storage ring with limited acceptance can be affected by position-dependent dispersive effect induced by the pulsed sextupoles.

WEPWA051

Extraction Beam Line for Light Sources

extraction, emittance, kicker, optics

2232

M. Aiba, M. Böge, T. Garvey, N. Milas, A. Saá Hernández, A. Streun
PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland

Most of measurements, with circulating beam in a ring, to determine transverse and longitudinal phase space volume are rather indirect although it is of importance to characterize these beam parameters for better understanding the machine. Direct measurements may be performed when the beam is extracted to a beam line, where destructive methods are available. However, light sources can tolerate internal beam dumping and thus do not have an extraction line in general. We, therefore, propose a diagnostic dedicated extraction line, motivated by precise determination of the geometrical vertical emittance, which can be a few pm or even less and general comparisons of direct and indirect measurements. Such an extraction beam line has been realized in several accelerator facilities, e.g. KEK-ATF. The idea is, however, to equip a compact beam line, which fits into the existing tunnel and allows us to measure transverse and longitudinal emittances. We present possible design of an extraction beam line assuming typical light source parameters.

WEPWA060

The Kharkov X-ray Generator Facility NESTOR

storage-ring, electron, lattice, controls

2253

A.A. Shcherbakov, V.P. Androsov, N. Ayzatsky, V.N. Boriskin, E.V. Bulyak, A.N. Dovbnya, P. Gladkikh, A.N. Gordienko, V.A. Grevtsev, A. Gvozd, V.E. Ivashchenko, A.A. Kalamayko, I.I. Karnaukhov, I.M. Karnaukhov, V.P. Kozin, V.A. Kushnir, V.P. Lyashchenko, V.S. Margin, N.I. Mocheshnikov, V.V. Mytrochenko, A. Mytsykov, I.M. Neklyudov, T.F. Nikitina, F.A. Peev, O.V. Ryezayev, V.L. Skirda, V.A. Skomorokhov, Y.N. Telegin, V.I. Trotsenko, A.Y. Zelinsky, O.D. Zvonarjova
NSC/KIPT, Kharkov, Ukraine
J.I.M. Botman
TUE, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
I.V. Drebot
LAL, Orsay, France

The last few years the sources of the X-rays NESTOR based on a storage ring with low beam energy and Compton scattering of intense laser beam are under design and development in NSC KIPT. The main task of the project is to develop compact intense X-ray generator on the base of relatively cheap accelerator equipment and up-to-date laser technologies. The paper is devoted to description of the last results on construction and commissioning of the facility.

WEPWA065

A Non-linear Injection Kicker for Diamond Light Source

kicker, emittance, quadrupole, septum

2268

T. Pulampong, R. Bartolini
JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom
R. Bartolini
Diamond, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom

Ultra-low emittance lattices will operate with reduced dynamics apertures. New injection schemes are currently investigated in order to guarantee sufficient injection efficiency. A promising candidate is a pulsed kicker with a nonlinear magnetic field. The studies presented in this paper prove that this kicker allows injection with reduced dynamic aperture and provide minimal perturbation of the stored beam during Top-Up injection. Plans to install such a device at the Diamond light source are outlined.

WEPWO073

RF Design Optimization for New Injector Cryounit at CEBAF

cavity, coupling, cryomodule, SRF

2471

H. Wang, G. Cheng, F.E. Hannon, A.S. Hofler, R. Kazimi, J.P. Preble, R.A. Rimmer
JLAB, Newport News, Virginia, USA

Funding: Authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177.
A new injector superconducting RF (SRF) cryounit with one new 2-cell, β=0.6 cavity plus one refurbished 7-cell, β=0.97, C100 style cavity has been re-designed and optimized for the engineering compatibility of existing module for CEBAF operation. The optimization of 2-cell cavity shape for longitudinal beam dynamic of acceleration from 200keV to 533keV and the minimization of transverse kick due to the waveguide couplers to less than 1 mrad have been considered. Operating at 1497MHz, two cavities has been designed into a same footprint of CEBAF original quarter cryomodule to deliver an injection beam energy of 5MeV in less than 0.27o rms bench length and a maximum energy spread of 5keV.

WEPEA014

Recent Electron Cloud Studies in the SPS

electron, emittance, simulation, vacuum

2525

G. Iadarola, H. Bartosik, M. Driss Mensi, H. Neupert, G. Rumolo, M. Taborelli
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
G. Iadarola
Naples University Federico II, Science and Technology Pole, Napoli, Italy

It is important to qualify the present status of the SPS with respect to the electron cloud before the Long Shutdown of the CERN accelerator complex, which will take place in 2013-2014. Therefore several electron cloud studies were performed during the 2012 run in order to get a full characterization of the behavior of the SPS with the LHC-type beams with 25 ns bunch spacing, which can be very sensitive to electron cloud effects. The collected information should allow to understand up to which extent this long period without beam operation - and the related interventions on the machine - will degrade the present conditioning state of the SPS, which has been achieved by “scrubbing” over several years. Several measurements with different beam conditions have been collected also on the electron cloud detectors installed in the machine. These results, in combination with detailed simulation studies, will provide the basis for defining strategies of electron cloud mitigation as required for the production of future high intensity and high brightness beams within the LHC Injectors Upgrade (LIU) project.

WEPEA015

Possibility Study of High Repetition Rate Operation of JPARC Main Ring

sextupole, multipole, quadrupole, space-charge

2528

K. Fan, S. Igarashi, K. Ishii, T. Koseki, M. Uota
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

The original design of JPARC main ring is to provide high beam power of 750 kW with machine repetition rate of 0.3 Hz. However, the severe space charge effects at low injection energy limit the beam intensity. In order to raise the beam power to the design limit, one logical way is to increase the repetition rate. However, the resulting eddy current in the laminations and pipes may impair the field quality of all magnets. In addition, the activation of beam pipe becomes severer in high beam power operation. Titanium beam pipe is proposed to replace the stainless steel pipe to reduce the activation and decrease the decay time. However, titanium has lower resistivity, severer eddy current effects are expected. The studies investigate the eddy current effects on field quality of the main dipole, quadrupole and sextupole magnets.

WEPEA016

Upgrade Study of JPARC Main Ring Fast Extraction Septa System

septum, extraction, acceleration, kicker

2531

K. Fan, K. Ishii, H. Matsumoto, N. Matsumoto, Y. Morita
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

The JPARC main ring fast extraction (FX) system has two functions, deliver high power beam to the neutrino experimental facility and dump the beam at any time in case of hardware failures. The present FX system consists of five pair of bipolar kickers and eight pair of bipolar septa. In order to raise the beam power to the design limit, both the beam intensity and the repetition rate will increase gradually. The FX system needs to be upgraded to satisfy the new requirements. The upgrade includes FX orbit optimization and new design of devices. Firstly, the conventional multi-turn low-field septa will be replaced by eddy current type septa. Several configurations of the new design has been studied to realize the requirements of thinner septum, higher field quality, lower leakage and higher mechanical stability. To provide sufficient flat top field for the FX beam, superposition of 3rd harmonic pulse has been employed.

WEPEA018

Further Improvement of the PTC-ORBIT Code to Model Realistic Operation of High-beam Power Synchrotrons

synchrotron, resonance, quadrupole, extraction

2534

A.Y. Molodozhentsev, E. Forest
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

The combined PTC-ORBIT code has been developed a few years ago to study the dynamics of the high intensity proton beams in synchrotrons, including the nonlinear machine resonances and the space charge effects in the self-consistent manner. In order to extend the code abilities the time variation of the main elements of the synchrotron has been introduced into the PTC module of the code. This feature opens the direct way to model the multi-turn injection process and the slow extraction process by using realistic machine description, in particular the dynamic variation of the betatron tunes, strength of the bump magnets, dynamic resonance correction or resonance excitation. To demonstrate the code abilities the corresponding simulations for CERN PS Booster and for J-PARC Main Ring are discussed.

WEPEA019

Status of the J-PARC MA Loaded RF Systems

cavity, impedance, proton, bunching

2537

M. Yoshii, E. Ezura, K. Hara, K. Hasegawa, C. Ohmori, A. Takagi, K. Takata, M. Toda
KEK, Tokai, Ibaraki, Japan
M. Nomura, T. Shimada, F. Tamura, M. Yamamoto
JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan
A. Schnase
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany

Japan proton accelerator complex operates two cascaded synchrotrons, 3GeV RCS and 50GeV MR. The high electric field gradient magnetic alloy (MA) loaded cavities are used in both synchrotrons. The RF systems have no tuning control loop and the direct digital synthesis based fully digital low level RF guarantees the stable and reproducible proton acceleration. The feed-forward systems using the circulating beam current signals works efficiently to compensate the heavy beam induced voltage. In RCS, 11 RF systems are operating in a dual harmonic mode since December 2008. The longitudinal RF control based on the particle tracking performed effectively and the equivalent beam power of 530 kW was successfully demonstrated. The 260kW operation for the neutron users started in October 2012. In MR synchrotron, the 9th RF system was newly installed and became available as a 2nd harmonic RF system in November 2012. A 30 GeV proton of 200 kW beam power has been delivered to the T2K neutrino beam experiment with 2.48 sec repetition cycle. This paper summarizes the operation details and the status and features of the J-PARC RF systems.

WEPEA020

Commissioning of Beam Loading Compensation System in the J-PARC MR

impedance, beam-loading, cavity, extraction

2540

F. Tamura, M. Nomura, A. Schnase, T. Shimada, M. Yamamoto
JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan
K. Hara, K. Hasegawa, C. Ohmori, M. Toda, M. Yoshii
KEK, Tokai, Ibaraki, Japan

Beam loading compensation is indispensable to accelerate high intensity proton beams in the J-PARC MR. The MA-loaded rf cavities in the MR are driven by the single harmonic (h=9) rf signals, while the cavity frequency response covers also the neighbor harmonics (h=8, 10). The wake voltage induced by the beam consists of the three harmonics (h=8, 9, 10). We employ the rf feedforward method to compensate the beam loading of these harmonics. The full-digital feedforward system was developed for the MR. We have successfully commissioned the feedforward patterns for all of eight cavities by using high intensity beams with 1.0·10¹⁴ ppp. We present the commissioning results. The impedance seen by the beam is reduced and the longitudinal oscillations due to the beam loading are reduced. By the beam loading compensation, high power beam operation at the beam power of 200 kW has been achieved.

WEPEA029

The SHER-HIAF Ring Lattice Design

quadrupole, ion, kicker, lattice

2561

X. Gao, W.P. Chai, G.D. Shen, J. Shi, J.W. Xia, J.C. Yang
IMP, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China

Super Heavy Experimental Ring (SHER) is one of the rings of the next accelerator complex High Intensity Heavy Ion Accelerator Facility (HIAF) at IMP[4]. Here, present ideas of the lattice design for the operation of the large acceptance ring are presented. The SHER ring has to be optimized for e-cooling and the lattice is designed for different modes. First of all, it is designed in the so called isochronous mode as time-of-flight mass spectrometer for short-lived secondary nuclei. Secondly, SHER can also be used to be a storage ring for collecting and cooling the secondary rare isotope beams from the transport line. In order to fulfill it's purpose, the ion optics can be set to different ion optical modes

WEPEA030

Simulation of Beam Capture Process in HIRFL-CSRm

simulation, acceleration, extraction, cavity

2564

P. Li, P. Jiang, J.W. Xia, J.C. Yang, Y.J. Yuan
IMP, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China

In this paper, the beam capture processes are simulated in CSRm with the real RF cavity curves. By now, CSRm can accelerate all ions from protons up to the heaviest element, uranium, with variable energies and different efficiency. During the beam capture processes, the capture voltage and capture time must be cheese properly to avoid the beam loss. Moreover, the mismatch between the actual and the setting beam energy and space charge effect are investigated for high beam capture efficiency. The evolution of longitudinal phase space during the capture processes is presented in this simulation too.

WEPEA042

The PS Upgrade Programme: Recent Advances

electron, emittance, resonance, extraction

2594

S.S. Gilardoni, S. Bart Pedersen, C. Bertone, N. Biancacci, A. Blas, D. Bodart, J. Borburgh, P. Chiggiato, H. Damerau, S. Damjanovic, J.D. Devine, T. Dobers, M. Gourber-Pace, S. Hancock, A. Huschauer, G. Iadarola, L.A. Lopez Hernandez, A. Masi, S. Mataguez, E. Métral, M.M. Paoluzzi, S. Persichelli, S. Pittet, S. Roesler, C. Rossi, G. Rumolo, B. Salvant, R. Steerenberg, G. Sterbini, L. Ventura, J. Vollaire, R. Wasef, C. Yin Vallgren
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
M. Migliorati
University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy

The LHC Injectors Upgrade project (LIU) has been initiated to improve the performances of the existing injector complex at CERN to match the future requirements of the HL-LHC. In this framework, the Proton Synchrotron (PS) will undergo fundamental changes for many of its main systems: the injection energy will be increased to reduce space-charge effects, the transverse damper will be improved to cope with transverse instabilities the RF systems will be upgraded to accelerate higher beam intensity and brightness. These hardware improvements are triggered by a series of studies meant to identify the most critical performance bottlenecks, like space charge, impedances, longitudinal and transverse instabilities, as well as electron-cloud. Additionally, alternative production schemes for the LHC-type beams have been proposed and implemented to circumvent some of the present limitations. A summary of the most recent advances of the studies, as well as the proposed hardware improvements is given.

WEPEA043

Working Point and Resonance Studies at the CERN PS

resonance, controls, octupole, focusing

2597

A. Huschauer, M. Benedikt, H. Damerau, P. Freyermuth, S.S. Gilardoni, R. Steerenberg, B. Vandorpe
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The increase of luminosity demanded by the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) requires an increase of beam intensity, which might result in instabilities appearing at injection energy in the CERN PS. Transverse head-tail instabilities have already been observed on operational LHC beams and a stabilizing mechanism as an alternative to linear coupling is currently being studied. It consists of reducing the mode number of the transverse oscillation by changing linear chromaticity and in succession completely suppressing the instability by a transverse damper system with appropriate bandwidth. Therefore, a chromaticity correction scheme at low energy exploiting the intrinsic possibilities offered by special circuits mounted on top of the main magnet poles, the Pole Face Windings (PFW), has been examined. The presence of destructive betatron resonances, which restrict the choice of the injection working point and the maximum acceptable tune spread, forms an additional limitation for high-brightness and high-intensity beams in the CERN PS. To improve the current working point control scheme, the influence of the P F W on the machine resonances is presented in this paper.

WEPEA044

RF Manipulations for Higher Brightness LHC-type Beams

brightness, controls, emittance, extraction

2600

H. Damerau, A. Findlay, S.S. Gilardoni, S. Hancock
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

In order to increase the transverse brightness of beams for the LHC, ever more complicated RF manipulations have been proposed in the PS machine in order to reduce the intensity demands per PS batch on the upstream PS Booster. Several schemes based on cascades of batch compression, bunch merging, as well as the more routine bunch splitting have been successfully commissioned and higher brightness beams have been delivered to the downstream accelerators for measurement. Despite all this complexity, longitudinal and transverse beam quality are well preserved. In addition, to fully profit from the brightness of all four PS Booster rings, the injection of twice 4 bunches into harmonic 9 buckets in the PS has been made operational as an alternative to the usual double-batch transfer of 4+2 bunches into harmonic 7. This paper summarizes the new beam production schemes, their implementation in the PS low-level RF system and the experimental results.

WEPEA045

Specifications of the Field Quality at Injection Energy of the New Magnets for the HL-LHC Upgrade Project

dynamic-aperture, multipole, simulation, optics

2603

R. De Maria, S.D. Fartoukh, M. Giovannozzi
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Funding: The HiLumi LHC Design Study is included in the HL-LHC project and is partly funded by the European Commission within the Framework Programme 7 Capacities Specific Programme, Grant Agreement 284404.
The HL-LHC project relies on new magnet designs and technologies to achieve very small β^* values. In particular, Nb3Sn magnets show large allowed multipole imperfections at low current. These field errors may have a non-negligible impact on the dynamic aperture and beam life time in the HL-LHC, also because of the smaller-than-nominal β^* values foreseen IR1 and IR5 at injection energy, which aims at decreasing the dynamic range of the squeeze and therefore contributing to optimize the turn around time. The paper describes an analysis of the machine performance based on analytical estimates and tracking simulations with the goal of providing field quality specifications for the new magnets.

WEPEA046

Experimental Observations from the LHC Dynamic Aperture Machine Development Study in 2012

dynamic-aperture, beam-losses, emittance, octupole

2606

M. Giovannozzi, S. Cettour Cave, R. De Maria, M. Ludwig, A. Macpherson, S. Redaelli, F. Roncarolo, M. Solfaroli Camillocci, W. Venturini Delsolaro
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

In view of improving the understanding of the behaviour of the dynamic aperture and to benchmark the numerical simulations performed so far, two experimental sessions have been scheduled at the LHC. The observations of the first sessions have been reported elsewhere[1], while in this paper the latest observations in terms of beam currents, blm losses and beam sizes will be described. The octupolar spool pieces have been used to artificially reduce the dynamic aperture and then induced slow beam losses. Alternating signs have been used in order to probe different configurations. Finally, scans over the strength of the decapolar spool pieces have been performed too.
[1] M. Giovannozzi et al., “First Experimental Observations from the LHC Dynamic Aperture Experiment”, in proceedings of IPAC12, p. 1362

WEPEA047

Dynamic Aperture Performance for Different Collision Optics Scenarios for the LHC Luminosity Upgrade

optics, multipole, luminosity, dynamic-aperture

2609

M. Giovannozzi, R. De Maria, S.D. Fartoukh
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
A. Chancé, B. Dalena, J. Payet
CEA/IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
K.M. Hock, M. Korostelev, A. Wolski
The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
J. Resta-López
IFIC, Valencia, Spain

Funding: The HiLumi LHC Design Study is included in the HL-LHC project and is partly funded by the European Commission within the Framework Programme 7 Capacities Specific Programme, Grant Agreement 284404.
The ATS[1] optics solution for the HL-LHC offers the possibility of different collision optics, with a β^* as small as 10 cm in both transverse planes, or with a β^* aspect ratio of up to 4 pushing β^* to even smaller value (5cm) in the parallel separation plane while relaxing it (20 cm) in the crossing plane. The latter configuration features two possible options for alternated orientations of the crossing plane in the two high luminosity insertions, both considered in this study. In this paper we study the impact of few selected field imperfection models of the new magnets foreseen for the upgrade through tracking simulations and scaling laws.
[1] S. Fartoukh, ‘’An Achromatic Telescopic Squeezing (ATS) Scheme for LHC Upgrade’’, in proceedings of IPAC11, p. 2088.

WEPEA052

Investigations on CERN PSB Beam Dynamics with Strong Direct Space Charge Effects Using the PTC-ORBIT Code

simulation, emittance, space-charge, resonance

2621

V. Forte, E. Benedetto, C. Carli, M. Martini, B. Mikulec, E. Métral, F. Schmidt
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
A.Y. Molodozhentsev
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

The CERN PS Booster (PSB) is the first synchrotron of the LHC injector chain consisting out of four superposed rings and providing beam for many users. As part of the LIU project, the machine will be upgraded. Space charge and resonances are serious issues for the good quality of the beam at injection energy. Consequently simulations are needed to track the beam in the machine taking into account space charge effects: PTC-ORBIT has been used as tracking code. This paper presents simulations results compared with the measurements for machine performances evaluation and code-benchmarking purposes.

WEPEA060

Plans for the Upgrade of CERN's Heavy Ion Complex

ion, luminosity, linac, acceleration

2645

D. Manglunki, M. E. Angoletta, H. Bartosik, A. Blas, D. Bodart, M.A. Bodendorfer, T. Bohl, J. Borburgh, E. Carlier, J.-M. Cravero, H. Damerau, L. Ducimetière, A. Findlay, R. Garoby, S.S. Gilardoni, B. Goddard, S. Hancock, E.B. Holzer, J.M. Jowett, T. Kramer, D. Kuchler, A.M. Lombardi, Y. Papaphilippou, S. Pasinelli, R. Scrivens, G. Tranquille
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

To reach a luminosity higher than 6×10²⁷ Hz/cm² for Pb-Pb collisions, as expected by the ALICE experiment after its upgrade during the 2nd Long LHC Shutdown (LS2), several upgrades will have to be performed in the CERN accelerator complex, from the source to the LHC itself. This paper first details the present limitations and then describes the strategy for the different machines in the ion injector chain. Both filling schemes and possible hardware upgrades are discussed.

WEPEA061

The First LHC p-Pb run: Performance of the Heavy Ion Production Complex

ion, proton, luminosity, heavy-ion

2648

D. Manglunki, M. E. Angoletta, H. Bartosik, G. Bellodi, A. Blas, M.A. Bodendorfer, T. Bohl, C. Carli, E. Carlier, S. Cettour Cave, K. Cornelis, H. Damerau, A. Findlay, S.S. Gilardoni, S. Hancock, J.M. Jowett, D. Kuchler, M. O'Neil, Y. Papaphilippou, S. Pasinelli, R. Scrivens, G. Tranquille, B. Vandorpe, U. Wehrle, J. Wenninger
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

TThe first LHC proton-ion run took place in January-February 2013; it was the first extension to the collider programme, as this mode was not included in the design report. This paper presents the performance of the heavy ion and proton production complex, and details the issues encountered, in particular the creation of the same bunch pattern in both beams.

WEPEA064

SixTrack-Fluka Active Coupling for the Upgrade of the SPS Scrapers

coupling, simulation, luminosity, synchrotron

2657

A. Mereghetti, F. Cerutti, R. De Maria, B. Goddard, V. Kain, M. Meddahi, O. Mete, Y. Papaphilippou, D. Pastor Sinuela, V. Vlachoudis
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
R. Appleby
UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom

The LHC Injectors Upgrade (LIU) Project aims at upgrading the systems in the LHC injection chain, to reliably deliver the beams required by the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC). Essential for the clean injection into the LHC, the SPS scrapers are one of the important systems under revision. In order to take into account of the effect of betatron and longitudinal beam dynamics on energy deposition patterns, and nuclear and Coulomb scattering in the absorbing medium onto loss patterns, the SixTrack and Fluka codes have been coupled, profiting from the best of the refined physical models they respectively embed. The coupling envisages an active exchange of tracked particles between the two codes at each turn, and an on-line aperture check in SixTrack, in order to estimate the local cleaning inefficiency of the system. Knob-like, time-dependent strengths have been implemented in SixTrack, since the designed scraper system foresees the use of a magnetic bump. The study is intended to assess the robustness of the proposed scraper as well as its effectiveness with respect to the desired performance.

WEPEA070

Space Charge Effects and Limitations in the Cern Proton Synchrotron

resonance, emittance, space-charge, proton

2669

R. Wasef, G. Arduini, H. Damerau, S.S. Gilardoni, S. Hancock, C. Hernalsteens, A. Huschauer, F. Schmidt
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
G. Franchetti
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany

Space charge produces a large incoherent tune-spread which, in presence of betatronic resonances, could lead to beam losses and emittance growth. In the CERN Proton Synchrotron, at the current injection kinetic energy (1.4 GeV) and even at the future kinetic energy (2 GeV), space charge is one of the main limitations for high brightness beams and especially for the future High-Luminosity LHC beams. Several detailed studies and measurements have been carried out to improve the understanding of space charge limitations to determine the maximum acceptable tune spread and identify the most important resonances causing losses and emittance growth.

WEPEA073

A 180 MeV Injection Upgrade Design for the ISIS Synchrotron

space-charge, synchrotron, simulation, acceleration

2678

J.W.G. Thomason, D.J. Adams, B.S. Drumm, D.J.S. Findlay, I.S.K. Gardner, M.C. Hughes, S.J.S. Jago, B. Jones, R.J. Mathieson, S.J. Payne, B.G. Pine, A. Seville, H. V. Smith, C.M. Warsop, R.E. Williamson
STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
J. Pasternak
STFC/RAL, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
D.C. Plostinar, C.R. Prior, G.H. Rees
STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom

ISIS is the spallation neutron source at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in the UK. Obsolescence and reliability issues are motivating plans to replace the present 70 MeV H minus linac, and this paper presents an overview of a design to allow injection of beam into the present ISIS ring at 180 MeV, which would increase intensity as a result of reduced space charge and optimised injection. The key topics addressed are design of the injection straight, injection painting and dynamics, foil specifications, acceleration dynamics, transverse space charge, instabilities, RF beam loading and activation.

WEPEA082

AGS Model in Zgoubi. RHIC Run 13 Polarization Modeling. Status.

simulation, optics, polarization, extraction

2699

F. Méot, L. A. Ahrens, K.A. Brown, Y. Dutheil, J.W. Glenn, C.E. Harper, H. Huang, V.H. Ranjbar, T. Roser, V. Schoefer, N. Tsoupas
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
This paper gives a status of the AGS model in the ray-tracing code Zgoubi and its operation via the ‘‘AgsZgoubiModel'' and the ‘‘AgsModelViewer'' applications available from the controls system application launcher, ‘‘StartUp''. Examples of typical uses and studies performed using these are included, as optics controls, spin matching to RHIC, etc. A companion paper (MOPWA085) gives additional details, regarding especially spin dynamics and polarization studies aimed at determining optimal AGS settings for polarization during RHIC Run 13. This work is an additional step towards further combination with the already existing RHIC spin tracking model in Zgoubi, and AGS's Booster model in Zgoubi, a promising suite for detailed beam and spin dynamics studies and optimizations.

WEPME002

Fast Orbit Feedback at BESSY-II: Performance and Operational Experiences

controls, feedback, booster, status

2920

R. Müller, T. Birke, M. Diehn, D.B. Engel, B. Franksen, R. Görgen, P. Kuske, R. Lange, I. Müller, A. Schälicke, G. Schindhelm
HZB, Berlin, Germany

At the 3rd generation light source BESSY II the first phase of a fast orbit feedback system(*) has been completed and put into operation in 2012. In this first phase the aim was to achieve noise suppression in the 1Hz to several 10Hz range, mostly avoiding expensive upgrades to existing hardware, such as beam position monitors and the CAN based setpoint transmission to the power supplies. Only the power supplies were replaced with newer, faster versions. This paper describes the capability of the phase-I FOFB with respect to beam motion transient suppression, low frequency damping and high frequency noise generation as well as aspects of operational integration and stability.
* Müller, R. et. al.: Installing a Fast Orbit Feedback at BESSY.
IPAC 10, Kyoto, Japan, 23 - 28 May, 2010., p. 2749-2751

Poster WEPME002 [2.720 MB]

WEPME011

Beam Tests and Plans for the CERN PS Transverse Damper System

emittance, damping, betatron, kicker

2947

A. Blas, S.S. Gilardoni, G. Sterbini
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The CERN Proton Synchrotron (CPS) has been running without any transverse damping equipment since 1998, thanks to the stabilizing effect of the linear coupling applied between horizontal and vertical planes. Lately, the demand for an active damper strongly emerged for two main reasons: to avoid restrictions as imposed on the betatron tune settings by the linear coupling and to cure instabilities appearing with high intensity beams, especially at the extraction energy. Late in 2012, two electronic prototype units, newly developed for the CPS one-turn-feedback, were programmed with a firmware designed to satisfy the transverse feedback (TFB) requirements in both planes. The main achievements were to automatically adapt the loop delay to the particles' time-of-flight variation within a nanosecond precision and to compensate the changing betatron phase advance between pick-up and kicker during the entire accelerating cycle. With the power equipment limited to the modest bandwidth of 23 MHz and 2 x 800 W per plane, encouraging results were obtained such as fast damping of injection oscillations caused by injection errors, reduction of beam losses along the cycle and damping of instabilities at all CPS energies.

WEPME020

Alignment Plan and Survey Results of the Equipment for J-PARC 3 GeV RCS

alignment, quadrupole, dipole, emittance

2971

N. Tani, H. Hotchi, J. Kamiya, M. Kinsho, O. Takeda, M. Yamamoto
JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan

Misalignment of several millimeters of the magnets of J-PARC 3GeV RCS in both horizontal and vertical directions was caused by the Tohoku Region Pacific Coast Earthquake on March 11, 2011. As the result of orbit calculation showed that the beam loss was acceptable for beam operation at 300kW, beam operation with the current placement has been implemented. Realignment of the equipment will be carried out from August to December in 2013. Survey carried out in the summer of 2013 found out misalignment of ceramic vacuum ducts therefore their positioning is necessary. In this paper, these measurement result and latest alignment plan for J-PARC 3GeV RCS are reported.

WEPME038

Slow Orbit Feedback and Beam Stability at ALBA

photon, wiggler, electron, feedback

3010

J. Marcos, M. Muñoz
CELLS-ALBA Synchrotron, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain

ALBA is a 3GeV 3rd generation synchrotron radiation source built nearby Barcelona providing service to users since May 2012. During all this period, a Slow Orbit Feedback system (SOFB) has been running during users’ operation in order to deliver a stable photon beam to the Beamlines. The system employs 88 out of the 10⁴ Beam Position Monitors (BPMs) available at ALBA and 88 horizontal and vertical correctors. In addition, since the middle of the year (July 2012), the reading of the X-Ray BPM (XBPM) for one of the Front Ends, with a Bending Magnet as a source, has also been included in the correction loop. In this paper we summarize the performance of the SOFB system. Besides, we also present data corresponding to the evolution along the year of the XBPM readings for several Front Ends that have a planar Insertion Device (ID) as a source. The analyzed XBPMs are not included in the orbit correction loop, and consequently they supply information regarding the long term stability of ALBA Storage Ring.

WEPME042

Modelling and Studies for a Wideband Feedback System for Mitigation of Transverse Single Bunch Instabilities

feedback, kicker, pick-up, electron

3019

K.S.B. Li, W. Höfle, G. Rumolo
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
J.M. Cesaratto, J.E. Dusatko, J.D. Fox, M.T.F. Pivi, K.M. Pollock, C.H. Rivetta, O. Turgut
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA

As part of the LHC injector upgrade a wideband feedback system is under study for mitigation of coherent single bunch instabilities. This type of system may provide a generic way of shifting the instability threshold to regions that are currently inaccessible, thus, boosting the brightness of future beams. To study the effectiveness of such systems, a numerical model has been developed that constitutes a realistic feedback system including real transfer functions for pickup and kicker, realistic N-tap FIR and IIR filters as well as noise and saturation effects. Simulations of SPS cases have been performed with HeadTail to evaluate the feedback effectiveness in the presence of electron clouds and TMCI. Some results are presented addressing bandwidth limitations, noise issues and amplifier power requirements.

WEPME043

Performance of the LHC Transverse Damper with Bunch Trains

damping, feedback, kicker, pick-up

3022

W. Höfle, F. Dubouchet, G. Kotzian, D. Valuch
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

In 2012 the LHC has operated for Physics with bunch trains at 50 ns spacing. Tests have been performed with the nominal design bunch spacing of 25 ns. The transverse damper has been an essential element to provide beam stability for the multi-bunch beam with up to 1380 bunches used at 50 ns spacing. We report on the experience gained with 50 ns spacing and the improvements in the signal processing tested for the future 25 ns operation. The increase in bandwidth required for 25 ns spacing constituted a particular challenge. The response of the system was carefully measured and the results used to digitally pre-distort the drive signal to compensate for a drop in gain of the power system for higher frequencies. The bunch-by-bunch data collected from the feedback signal path provided valuable information during the 2012 Physics run that can be further explored for beam diagnostics purposes and instability analysis in the future. Performance estimates are given for the 7 TeV run planned for 2015, at 25 ns bunch spacing.

WEPME044

Generation of Controlled Losses in Milisecond Timescale with Transverse Damper in LHC

beam-losses, simulation, proton, emittance

3025

M. Sapinski, T. Baer, V. Chetvertkova, B. Dehning, W. Höfle, A. Priebe, R. Schmidt, D. Valuch
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

A controlled way of generating of beam losses is required in order to investigate the quench limits of the superconducting magnets in the LHC. This is especially difficult to achieve for losses with millisecond duration. A series of experiments using the transverse damper system has proven that such a fast loss can be obtained even in the case of rigid 4 TeV beams. This paper describes the optimisation of beam parameters and transverse damper waveform required to mimic fast loss scenarios and reports on extensive tracking simulations undertaken to fully understand the time and spatial structure of these losses. The application of this method to the final quench tests is also presented.

WEPME059

A 4 GS/sec Instability Feedback Processing System for Intra-bunch Instabilities

feedback, controls, pick-up, kicker

3067

J.E. Dusatko, J.M. Cesaratto, J.D. Fox, J.J. Olsen, K.M. Pollock, C.H. Rivetta, O. Turgut
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
W. Höfle
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-76SF00515 and the US LHC Accelerator Research program ( LARP)
We present the architecture and implementation overview of a proof-of-principle digital signal processing system developed to study control of Electron-Cloud and Transverse Mode Coupling Instabilities (TMCI) in the CERN SPS. This system is motivated by intensity increases planned as part of the High Luminosity LHC upgrade. It is based on a reconfigurable processing architecture which samples intra-bunch motion and applies correction signals at a 4GSa/s rate, allowing multiple samples across a single 2ns SPS bunch. This initial demonstration system is a rapidly developed prototype consisting of both commercial and custom-designed hardware that implements feedback control on a single bunch. It contains a high speed ADC and DAC, capable of sampling at up to 4GSa/s, with a 16-tap FIR control filter for each bunch sample slice. Other system features include a timing subsystem to synchronize the sampling to the injection and the bunch 1 markers, the capability of generating arbitrary time domain signals to drive the bunch and diagnostic functions including a snapshot memory for ADC data. This paper describes the design, construction and operational experience of this system.

WEPME060

First Results and Analysis of the Performance of a 4 GS/s Intra-bunch Vertical Feedback System at the SPS

feedback, controls, kicker, damping

3070

J.M. Cesaratto, J.E. Dusatko, J.D. Fox, J.J. Olsen, K.M. Pollock, C.H. Rivetta, O. Turgut
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
H. Bartosik, W. Höfle, G. Kotzian, U. Wehrle
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-76SF00515 and the US LHC Accelerator Research program ( LARP)
We present experimental measurements taken from SPS machine development studies with an intra-bunch feedback channel. These studies use a digital signal processing system to implement general-purpose control algorithms on multiple samples across a single SPS bunch ( for ease of synchronization with the SPS RF frequency a sampling frequency of 3.2 GS/sec. is implemented). These initial studies concentrate on single-bunch motion, and study the vertical betatron motion as the feedback control is varied. The studies are focused on validating simulation models of the beam dynamics with feedback. Time and frequency domain results include excitation and damping of intra-bunch motion with positive and negative feedback. We present an overview of the challenges of intra-bunch feedback, and highlight methods to time-align the pickup and kicker signals within the closed-loop feedback channel.

THPEA004

Precise Verification of Phase and Amplitude Calibration by means of a Debunching Experiment in SIS18

target, controls, cavity, bunching

3155

U. Hartel, H. Klingbeil
TEMF, TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
J. Grieser, D.E.M. Lens
TU Darmstadt, RTR, Darmstadt, Germany
H. Klingbeil, U. Laier, K.-P. Ningel, S. Schäfer, B. Zipfel
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany

Funding: Work supported by the GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH
Several new rf cavity systems have to be realized for the FAIR synchrotrons and for the upgrade of the existing GSI synchrotron SIS18*. For this purpose, a completely new low-level rf system architecture** has been developed, which is now used in SIS18 operation. Closed-loop control systems stabilize the amplitude and the phase of the rf gap voltages. Due to component imperfections the transmission and the detection of the actual values lead to systematic errors without countermeasures. These errors prohibit the operation of the rf systems over the whole amplitude and frequency range within the required accuracy. To compensate the inevitable errors, the target values provided by the central control system are modified by so-called calibration electronics*** modules. The calibration curves can be measured without the beam, but the desired beam behaviour has to be verified by experiments. For this purpose, a debunching scenario was selected as a SIS18 beam experiment that proved to be very sensitive to inaccuracies. In this contribution the results of this experiment are presented, showing for the first time at GSI by beam observation that the accuracy requirements are met based on predefined calibration curves.
* “FAIR - Baseline Technical Report,” Volume 2, Accelerator and Scientific Infrastructure, (2006).
** Klingbeil et al.: Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 14, 102802, 2011.
*** S. Schaefer et al., “Use of FPGA-based Configurable Electronics to Calibrate Cavities,” THPEA003, these proceedings.

THPEA033

Electronics for Precise Measurements of Accelerator Pulsed Magnets

extraction, booster, induction, septum

3216

A.V. Pavlenko, A.M. Batrakov, I.V. Ilyin
BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia

Injection and extraction systems of modern accelerator complexes have high requirements for measurements accuracy of pulsed magnets field parameters. To satisfy these demands the fast and precision digital integrators were elaborated in BINP, Russia. These devices are intended for measurements in pulsed magnets (septum magnets, bumps, etc.) with the field duration, ranging from 5 μs, providing a relative accuracy better than 5•10^-5. The set of these devices are the main measuring electronics in injection and extraction section of 3 GeV Booster Ring at NSLS-II facility, which is under construction now in BNL (USA).

THPEA040

Design of a Magnetic Bump Tail Scraping System for the CERN SPS

beam-losses, extraction, radiation, closed-orbit

3228

Ö. Mete, J. Bauche, F. Cerutti, S. Cettour Cave, K. Cornelis, L.N. Drøsdal, F. Galleazzi, B. Goddard, L.K. Jensen, V. Kain, Y. Le Borgne, G. Le Godec, M. Meddahi, E. Veyrunes, H. Vincke, J. Wenninger
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
A. Mereghetti
UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom

The LHC injectors are being upgraded to meet the demanding beam specification required for High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) operation. In order to reduce the beam losses which can trigger the sensitive LHC beam loss interlocks during the SPS-to-LHC beam injection process, it is important that the beam tails are properly scraped away in the SPS. The current SPS tail cleaning system relies on a moveable scraper blade, with the positioning of the scraper adjusted over time according to the orbit variations of the SPS. A new robust beam tail cleaning system has been designed which will use a fixed scraper block towards which the beam will be moved by a local magnetic orbit bump. The design proposal is presented, together with the related beam dynamics studies and results from machine studies with beam.

THPEA045

Beam Induced Quenches of LHC Magnets

quadrupole, beam-losses, simulation, kicker

3243

M. Sapinski, T. Baer, M. Bednarek, G. Bellodi, C. Bracco, R. Bruce, B. Dehning, W. Höfle, A. Lechner, E. Nebot Del Busto, A. Priebe, S. Redaelli, B. Salvachua, R. Schmidt, D. Valuch, A.P. Verweij, J. Wenninger, D. Wollmann, M. Zerlauth
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

In the years 2009-2013 LHC was operating with the beam energy of 3.5 and 4 TeV instead of the nominal 7 TeV, with the corresponding currents in the superconducting magnets also half nominal. To date only a small number of beam-induced quenches have occurred, with most being due to specially designed quench tests. During normal collider operation with stored beam there has not been a single beam induced quench. This excellent result is mainly explained by the fact that the cleaning of the beam halo worked very well and, in case of beam losses, the beam was dumped before any significant energy was deposited in the magnets. However, conditions are expected to become much tougher after the long LHC shutdown, when the magnets will be working at near nominal currents in the presence of high energy and intensity beams. This paper summarizes the experience to date with beam-induced quenches. It describes the techniques used to generate controlled quench conditions which were used to study the limitations. Results are discussed along with their implication for LHC operation after the first Long Shutdown.

THPEA046

Machine Protection at the LHC - Experience of Three Years Running and Outlook for Operation at Nominal Energy

feedback, synchrotron, extraction, optics

3246

D. Wollmann, R. Schmidt, J. Wenninger, M. Zerlauth
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

With above 22fb-1 integrated luminosity delivered to the experiments ATLAS and CMS the LHC surpassed the results of 2011 by more than a factor 5. This was achieved at 4TeV, with intensities of ~2e14p per beam. The uncontrolled loss of only a small fraction of the stored beam is sufficient to damage parts of the sc. magnet system, accelerator equipment or the particle physics experiments. To protect against this a correct functioning of the complex LHC machine protection (MP) systems through the operational cycle is essential. Operating with up to 140MJ stored beam energy was only possible due to the experience and confidence gained in the two previous running periods, where the intensity was slowly increased. In this paper the 2012 performance of the MP systems is discussed. The strategy applied for a fast, but safe, intensity ramp up and the monitoring of the MP systems during stable running periods are presented. Weaknesses in the reliability of the MP systems, set-up procedures and setting adjustments for machine development periods, discovered in 2012, are critically reviewed and improvements for the LHC operation after the up-coming long shut-down of the LHC are proposed.

THPEA052

TLS Operation Information Management: Automatic Logging Tools

kicker, booster, klystron, linac

3261

C.C. Liang, H.C. Chen, J. Chen, C.K. Chou, S. Fann, K.T. Hsu, K.H. Hu, J.A. Li, D. Lin, T.F. Lin, Y.K. Lin, Y.-C. Liu, C.Y. Wu
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
Y.-C. Liu
NTHU, Hsinchu, Taiwan

The Taiwan Light Source (TLS) has been operated in the Top-up mode since October 2005 and has maintained a beam current of 360mA since 2010. Several essential parameters and waveforms are constantly recorded as routine accelerator operation reference. Therefore, five LabVIEW-based data and waveform logging software programs have been developed for the purpose of preliminary diagnose at the TLS. In this report, certain actual cases in regular operation are presented.

THPFI002

Construction and Initial Tests of the Electrostatic Septa for MedAustron

septum, cathode, vacuum, extraction

3288

J. Borburgh, R.A. Barlow, C. Boucly, A. Prost
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
U. Dorda, T. Kramer, T. Stadlbauer
EBG MedAustron, Wr. Neustadt, Austria

For the MedAustron facility under construction in Wiener Neustadt/Austria, two electrostatic septa are built in collaboration with CERN. These septa will be used for the multi-turn injection of protons and ions, as well as for the slow extraction from the synchrotron. The power supplies are designed to combine the required precision with the capability to cycle sufficiently fast to keep up with the machine cycle. The septa are being assembled at CERN. Initial tests have been done on the remote displacement system to validate its precision and communication protocol with the MedAustron control system. Subsequently the septa are tested for vacuum performance and then HV conditioned. The construction of the septa, the requirements of the power supplies and the high voltage circuit will be described. Results of the initial laboratory tests, prior to installation in the accelerator, will be given.

THPFI011

Thermal Simulations of Charge-exchange Stripper Foils for High-melting-point Materials

stripper, simulation, radiation, proton

3312

Y. Takeda
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
M.A. Plum
ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA

Charge-exchange stripper foils can be very quickly broken by high-current beams. Hence, a long-lived foil that can withstand prolonged beam irradiation is eagerly awaited. It is well known that the maximum temperature of the foil plays an important role in the foil lifetime. Therefore, the temperature distribution map and the maximum temperature of the foils were investigated in detail by using simulation software of the finite element method and applications with ANSYS. Moreover, the heating properties of several kinds of high-melting-point materials were researched. According to the results, stripper foils of the same effective thickness showed drastically different maximum temperatures, differing by up to about 200 K. From these results, we show that the emissivity and specific heat of the foil considerably influences its maximum temperature.

THPFI016

DESIGN CONSIDERATION OF BEAM DUCTS FOR QUADRUPOLE CORRECTORS IN J-PARC RCS

quadrupole, vacuum, synchrotron, focusing

3327

J. Kamiya, N. Hayashi, H. Hotchi, M. Kinsho, N. Ogiwara, N. Tani, Y. Watanabe
JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan

which rapidly correct the tunes, are planned to be installed during the summer shutdown in 2013. The characteristic of the excitation pattern of such quadrupoles (quadrupole corrector) is their fast change of magnetic field, which are more than 200T/s at the fastest point. In this report, we describe a deliberation flow about the design of a vacuum chamber, which is installed in the quadrupole corrector. The effect of eddy current was calculated in the case of the current titanium vacuum chamber. The results showed that the temperature rise was too much (up to ~350oC) and the magnetic field in the vacuum chamber is largely distorted by the eddy current. Therefore we decided to employ an alumina ceramics vacuum chamber, for which we have a past achievement in RCS*. We estimated the displacement and stress, which is caused by the atmospheric pressure, for the alumina ceramics vacuum chamber and vacuum component around it by making the calculation model for the finite element method. It was found that there was no large displacement and stress by installing the alumina ceramics vacuum chamber.
*M. Kinsho, et al. Vacuum 81 (2007) 808.

THPFI043

The Status of the Vacuum System of the MAX IV Laboratory

vacuum, storage-ring, dipole, status

3382

E. Al-Dmour, J. Ahlbäck, D. Einfeld, M.J. Grabski, P.F. Tavares
MAX-lab, Lund, Sweden
Ł. Walczak
Solaris, Kraków, Poland

All the vacuum chambers of the 3 GeV storage ring of MAX IV laboratory are under production. NEG coating R&D has been done to validate technical solutions for the coating process. The standard vacuum chambers for the 1.5 GeV ring of MAX IV and Solaris are designed and they are in the procurement process. We present an update in the technical design of the vacuum chambers following the interaction with the manufacture, the implications on the production due to NEG coating and the design of the vacuum chambers of the 1.5 GeV storage ring.

THPME029

Design of NSLS-II Booster Dipoles with Combined-function Magnetic Field

dipole, booster, sextupole, extraction

3570

S.V. Sinyatkin, A.N. Dubrovin, S.M. Gurov, E.B. Levichev, Yu.A. Pupkov, E.R. Rouvinsky, A.V. Sukhanov
BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia

Focusing and defocusing dipoles magnets of NSLS-II 3 GeV booster are designed, manufactured and measured in BINP, Russia. The magnets should provide the booster operation at energy from 170 MeV to 3.15 GeV with a 2 Hz frequency. Because of booster compactness the dipoles have quadrupole and sextupole components and should create high quality of field of ± 2·10^-4 in region of ± 2 cm. In this paper the design and results of 2D and 3D simulation are presented.

THPME033

Pulsed Magnets for Injection and Extraction Sections of NSLS-II 3 GeV Booster

septum, vacuum, extraction, booster

3582

A.N. Zhuravlev, A.M. Batrakov, A.D. Chernyakin, V.A. Kiselev, V.M. Konstantinov, A.V. Pavlenko, V.V. Petrov, E.P. Semenov, D.V. Senkov
BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia

Magnets for injection and extraction sections of NSLS-II 3 GeV booster are designed, manufactured and tested in BINP, Russia. This report considers the details of bump and septum magnets design, their parameters and results of inspection test in BINP. The design and electronics features of the measurement stand for these magnets are presented. Also, capabilities of specialized power supplies are listed and discussed. Finally, the first results of injection and extraction sections commissioning at BNL site are reported.

THPME041

Configurable Field Magnets for a Proton Beam Dynamics R&D Ring

multipole, dipole, proton, space-charge

3603

S.J. Brooks
STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom

Magnets with many independently-powered coils can provide nearly arbitrary combinations of multipoles up to a certain order. This paper gives examples of field quality in such an "omni-magnet", which is normal-conducting and simulated with Poisson. Since the magnets also have quite large apertures they may be used to make a general-purpose FFAG and synchrotron test ring for beam dynamics studies. This could use the 3MeV H⁻ beam from the RAL proton Front End Test Stand (FETS) and outline ring parameters are given for that situation.

THPWA029

Transient Ionizing Radiation Effect of Bipolar Operational Amplifiers to Pulsed X-rays

radiation, electron, controls, feedback

3687

X.M. Jin
Xiaoming Jin, People's Republic of China
X.Y. Bai, R.B. Li, D.S. Lin, Q. Ma, C. Qi, G.Z. Wang, S.C. Yang
NINT, Xi'an, People's Republic of China

Abstract – The pulsed ionizing radiation effect of monolithic operational amplifiers is investigated using a flash X-ray facility. The experimental results show that the pulsed ionizing radiation produces voltage surges in the devices and the output voltage recovers linearly after transient disturbance which includes a negative peak and a positive peak. The recovery time depends on the amplitude of the positive peak and the inherent slew rate of the devices. The degradation of transient disturbance amplitude and the recovery time versus ionizing dose rate of pulsed X-rays is researched. The relationship of circuit effects to physical mechanisms is investigated in detail. The photocurrent induced by transient ionizing radiation in the PN junctions in integrated circuits is responsible for the electrical degradation. Keywords – Transient ionizing Radiation effect, Transient disturbance, Photocurrent, integrated circuits

THPWO023

The New RFQ as RIB Injector of the ALPI Linac

rfq, linac, emittance, ion

3812

M. Comunian, A. Palmieri, A. Pisent, C. Roncolato
INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy

At the Legnaro National Laboratories it is operating a Super Conducting linac for nuclear studies named ALPI. A new project SPES is under study to provide neutron-rich rare nuclear beams (RIB) of final energies in the order of 10 MeV/A for nuclei in the A= 9-160 mass region. The radioactive ions will be produced with the ISOL technique using the proton induced fission on a Direct Target of UCx and subsequently reaccelerated using a new injector for the ALPI accelerator complex. In this paper the new RFQ injector and the transport line to ALPI will be describe.

THPWO028

Commissioning Plan for Energy Upgrade of J-PARC Linac

linac, acceleration, quadrupole, DTL

3821

M. Ikegami, Z. Fang, K. Futatsukawa, T. Miyao
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
Y. Liu
KEK/JAEA, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan
T. Maruta
J-PARC, KEK & JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan
A. Miura, J. Tamura
JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan

In J-PARC linac, we plan to have an energy and intensity upgrade in summer 2013. The upgrade involves replacement of the ion source and RFQ (Radio Frequency Quadrupole linac), and addition of ACS (Annular Coupled Structure linac) cavities after existing SDTL (Separate Drift Tube Linac) section. With this upgrade, the design peak current will be increased from the present 30 mA to 50 mA, and the energy from 181 MeV to 400 MeV. This significant upgrade will be followed by a full-scale beam commissioning campaign. In this paper, we present the plan for the commissioning with outlining the assumed commissioning schemes.

THPWO029

Beam Loss Monitoring and Mitigation at J-PARC DTL

DTL, radiation, linac, vacuum

3824

T. Maruta
J-PARC, KEK & JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan
K. Futatsukawa, M. Ikegami, T. Miyao
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
T. Ito, A. Miura
JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan

Close radiation survey at the cavity outer surface has indicated a significant beam loss in the first tank of J-PARC DTL (Drift Tube Linac) which has been localized at a certain drift tube. It has motivated us to measure the beam loss at the DTL, and we have installed beam loss monitors of scintillator type at the cavity surface. It is challenging to monitor the beam loss due to low energy of lost particles and shielding by the thick cavity wall. In this paper, we report the results of beam loss measurement and beam loss mitigation tuning using the beam loss monitors.

THPWO031

Status of J-PARC Accelerators

linac, extraction, vacuum, power-supply

3830

K. Hasegawa, M. Kinsho, H. Oguri
JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan
T. Koseki
J-PARC, KEK & JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan

After nine-months of beam shutdown by the Great Earthquake in March 2011, the J-PARC facility resumed beam operation. In December 2011, operations were carried out at low duty such as single-shots or 1 to 2.5 Hz for beam tuning. At the beginning of January 2012, we started beam tuning at the full repetition rate of 25 Hz at the linac and the 3 GeV Rapid Cycling Synchrotron (RCS). After the tuning, user programs of the Materials and Life Science Experiment Facility (MLF), the Neutrino facility and the Hadron facility started. The beam power was increased from 100 to 300 kW to the MLF users, from 3.3 kW to 6 kW to the Hadron users, and from 140 to 200 kW to the Neutrino users. The beam availability went lower to 73 % in JFY 2011 due to the trouble of the linac klystron power supply in March, but it has got back to 90-94 % as of November in JFY2012. We have also much upgrade work during the shutdown period or in parallel to the operation. We’ve demonstrated new record power beyond 500kW from the RCS. The status and progress of the J-PARC accelerators are presented.

THPWO032

Progress of Injection Energy Upgrade Project for J-PARC RCS

power-supply, impedance, septum, linac

3833

N. Hayashi, H. Harada, K. Horino, H. Hotchi, J. Kamiya, M. Kinsho, P.K. Saha, Y. Shobuda, T. Takayanagi, N. Tani, T. Togashi, T. Ueno, M. Watanabe, Y. Watanabe, K. Yamamoto, M. Yamamoto, Y. Yamazaki, M. Yoshimoto
JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan
Y. Irie
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
T. Toyama
J-PARC, KEK & JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan

The injection energy of the J-PARC RCS will be upgraded in 2013. New power supplies for the shift bump magnet system will be installed. Some of other systems, upgrade of the painting bump power supplies and pulse steering systems, are already installed and tested or used for the nominal operation. The paper reports the progress of injection energy upgrade project.

THPWO033

High Intensity Beam Trial of up to 540 kW in J-PARC RCS

simulation, resonance, proton, linac

3836

H. Hotchi, H. Harada, N. Hayashi, M. Kinsho, P.K. Saha, Y. Shobuda, F. Tamura, K. Yamamoto, M. Yamamoto, M. Yoshimoto
JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan
Y. Irie
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
S. Kato
Tohoku University, Graduate School of Science, Sendai, Japan

Recently we have performed a high intensity beam trial of up to 540 kW. In this paper, beam intensity dependece and injection painting parameter dependence of beam loss, observed in this beam experiment, will be discussed with the corresponding numerical simulation results.

THPWO037

Status and Progress of the J-PARC 3 GeV RCS

target, neutron, beam-transport, extraction

3848

M. Kinsho
JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan

The J-PARC rapid cycling synchrotron (RCS) has been delivered 300kW beam to both the MLF and the MR with high reliability and small beam loss for user operation. To realize simultaneously two kinds of beam shape which are required from the MLF and the MR, two pulse dipole magnets for injection painting were installed in the beam transport line from the Linac to the RCS. It was successful to make two kinds of beam shape with injection painting bump magnets and these added pulse dipole magnets. This injection painting system is used for user operation and works well for reduction of beam losses. Not only user operation but also high power beam test was performed, and beam power of 524kW for 35 second was achieved with low beam loss in the RCS. Almost all beam loss was localized at the ring collimator and the loss rate was about 2% and this was acceptable because design value of the beam loss was 3%. This power corresponds to 1.8MW for 400MeV injection in terms of the Lasslett tune shift. In this high-intensity trial, significant progress toward design output beam power of 1 MW was demonstrated. The status and progress of the RCS in J-PARC are presented.

THPWO041

The development of a high power input coupler for China ADS injector I RFQ

rfq, coupling, cavity, vacuum

3857

T.M. Huang, X. Chen, R. Guo, H.Y. Lin, Q. Ma, F. Meng, H.F. Ouyang, W.M. Pan, X.H. Peng, Z. Zhang, G.Y. Zhao
IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China

A 325 MHz RFQ is designed to accelerate a beam current of 15 mA in CW mode with injection energy of 35 keV and output energy of 3.2 MeV for China Accelerator Driven sub-critical System (ADS) injector I. Total RF power of 320 kW has to be delivered into the RFQ cavity. For reliable operation, four input couplers are adopted to share the driven power. A coaxial loop type input coupler is developed. The coupler features a Tristan type RF window, a doorknob to realize the transition from a half-height WR2300 waveguide to a coaxial line and a coaxial line with a coupling antenna loop. Two prototypes of the window and inner conductor assemblies have been fabricated and received high power test. The prototypes were tested up to 100 kW CW RF power in traveling wave mode. This paper will describe the design, fabrication and high power test of the coupler in details.

THPWO046

The Preparation for the Commissioning of CSNS Accelerators

DTL, linac, optics, target

3872

S. Wang, S. Fu, H.F. Ouyang, J. Peng
IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China

The China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) is now under construction, and the beam commissioning of ion source will start from the end of 2013, and will last several years for whole accelerators. The commissioning plan for the CSNS accelerators will be presented, including the commissioning correlated parameters, beam instrumentation in used commissioning, the goal at different commissioning stages. The development of high level application software will also be presented.

THPWO069

Development of the NICA Injection Facility

ion, ion-source, rfq, linac

3915

A.V. Butenko, E.D. Donets, E.E. Donets, V.V. Fimushkin, A. Govorov, A.D. Kovalenko, K.A. Levterov, I.N. Meshkov, V. Monchinsky, A.Yu. Ramsdorf, A.O. Sidorin, G.V. Trubnikov
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
H. Hoeltermann, H. Podlech, U. Ratzinger, A. Schempp
BEVATECH OHG, Offenbach/Main, Germany
A. Kolomiets, G. Kropachev, T. Kulevoy
ITEP, Moscow, Russia
S.M. Polozov
MEPhI, Moscow, Russia

The new accelerator complex Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA) is assumed to operate using two injectors: the Alvarez-type linac LU-20 as injector for light ions, polarized protons and deuterons and a new linac HILac for heavy ions. The main features of ion sources and both linacs are presented. Upgrade for pre-accelerator of LU-20 is described.

THPWO077

Status and Plans for the Upgrade of the LHC Injectors

linac, ion, extraction, luminosity

3936

R. Garoby, H. Damerau, S.S. Gilardoni, B. Goddard, K. Hanke, A.M. Lombardi, D. Manglunki, M. Meddahi, B. Mikulec, L. Ponce, E.N. Shaposhnikova, R. Steerenberg, M. Vretenar
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The plans for preparing the LHC injectors to fulfill the needs of the LHC during the next decade have significantly progressed in 2012. Linac4 construction has passed major steps of pre-series fabrication. Hardware developments and beam studies have allowed refining the baseline actions to implement and the beam characteristics achievable at injection into the collider for protons as well as for Lead ions. These achievements are described in this paper, together with the updated project planning matched to the new schedule of the LHC.

THPWO078

Status of the Upgrade of the CERN PS Booster

booster, extraction, linac, dipole

3939

K. Hanke, O. Aberle, M. E. Angoletta, W. Bartmann, S. Bartolome, E. Benedetto, C. Bertone, A. Blas, P. Bonnal, J. Borburgh, D. Bozzini, A.C. Butterworth, C. Carli, E. Carlier, J.R.T. Cole, P. Dahlen, M. Delonca, T. Dobers, A. Findlay, R. Froeschl, J. Hansen, D. Hay, S. Jensen, J.-M. Lacroix, P. Le Roux, L.A. Lopez Hernandez, C. Maglioni, A. Masi, G.W. Mason, S.J. Mathot, B. Mikulec, Y. Muttoni, A. Newborough, D. Nisbet, S. Olek, M.M. Paoluzzi, A. Perillo-Marcone, S. Pittet, B. Puccio, V. Raginel, B. Riffaud, I. Ruehl, A. Sarrió Martínez, J. Tan, B. Todd, V. Venturi, W.J.M. Weterings
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The CERN PS Booster (PSB) is presently undergoing an ambitious consolidation and upgrade program within the frame of the LHC Injectors Upgrade (LIU) project. This program comprises a new injection scheme for H⁻ ions from CERN’s new Linac4, the replacement of the main RF systems and an energy upgrade of the PSB rings from 1.4 to 2.0 GeV which includes the replacement of the main magnet power supply as well as the upgrade of the extraction equipment. This paper describes the status and plans of this work program.

THPWO080

Operational Performance of the LHC Proton Beams with the SPS Low Transition Energy Optics

optics, emittance, brightness, extraction

3945

Y. Papaphilippou, G. Arduini, T. Argyropoulos, W. Bartmann, H. Bartosik, T. Bohl, C. Bracco, S. Cettour-Cave, K. Cornelis, L.N. Drøsdal, J. Esteban Müller, B. Goddard, A. Guerrero, W. Höfle, V. Kain, G. Rumolo, B. Salvant, E.N. Shaposhnikova, H. Timko, D. Valuch, G. Vanbavinckhove, J. Wenninger
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
E. Gianfelice-Wendt
Fermilab, Batavia, USA

An optics in the SPS with lower integer tunes (20 versus 26) was proposed and introduced in machine studies since 2010, as a measure for increasing transverse and longitudinal instability thresholds, especially at low energy, for the LHC proton beams. After two years of machine studies and careful optimisation, the new “Q20” optics became operational in September 2012 and steadily delivered beam to the LHC until the end of the run. This paper reviews the operational performance of the Q20 optics with respect to transverse and longitudinal beam characteristics in the SPS, enabling high brightness beams injected into the LHC. Aspects of longitudinal beam stability, transmission, high-energy orbit control and beam transfer are discussed.

FRXCA01

Progress in Transverse Feedbacks and Related Diagnostics for Hadron Machines

feedback, kicker, hadron, damping

3990

W. Höfle
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Today Hadron Accelerators with high intensity and high brightness beams increasingly rely on transverse feedback systems for the control of instabilities and the preservation of the transverse emittance. With particular emphasis, but not limited, to the CERN Hadron Accelerator Chain the progress made in recent years and the performances achieved are reviewed. Hadron colliders such as the LHC represent a particular challenge as they ask for low noise electronic systems in these feedbacks for acceptable emittance growth. Achievements of the LHC transverse feedback system used for damping injection oscillations and to provide stability throughout the cycle are summarized. This includes its use for abort gap and injection cleaning as well as transverse blow-up for diagnostics purposes. Beyond systems already in operation, advances in technology and modern digital signal processing with increasingly higher digitization rates have made systems conceivable to cure intra-bunch motion. With its capabilities to both acquire beam oscillations and to actively excite motion, transverse feedback systems have a large variety of applications for beam diagnostics purposes.

Slides FRXCA01 [4.985 MB]