CYCLOTRONS2022 - List of Keywords (injection)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOAI01	Status of the HIAF Accelerator Facility in China	ECR, extraction, linac, vacuum	1
	J.C. Yang, L.T. Sun, Y.J. Yuan IMP/CAS, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
	HIAF (High Intensity heavy ion Accelerator Facility) is a new accelerator facility for advances in the nuclear physics and related research fields in China. It is composed of a superconducting ion linear accelerator, a high-energy synchrotron booster, a high-energy radioactive isotope beam line, an experimental storage ring, and a few experimental setups. Characterized by unprecedented intense ion beams from hydrogen through uranium, HIAF can produce a large variety of exotic nuclear matters not normally found on the earth and will bring researchers to the forefront of promoting the most vigorous and fascinating fields in nuclear physics. In addition, HIAF will provide an excellent platform to develop heavy-ion applications in medicine, life science, space science, and material science. The construction of HIAF started up in December of 2018, and takes approximately seven years in total. Since the commencement, the civil engineering and infrastructure are being constructed on time schedule and will be completed in July, 2023. R&D on key accelerator techniques are going on successfully, and prototypes of core devices are fabricated in collaboration with home and abroad universities, institutes, and companies. Presently, we come to the stage of invitation for bids and volume production of various apparatuses. The progress and present status will be given in the presentation.
	Slides MOAI01 [7.656 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-MOAI01
About •	Received ※ 29 January 2023 — Revised ※ 10 February 2023 — Accepted ※ 14 February 2023 — Issue date ※ 25 April 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

MOBO01	High Intensity Cyclotrons for Production of Medical Radioisotopes	cyclotron, space-charge, extraction, MMI	30
	E. van der Kraaij, J.-M. Geets, W.J.G.M. Kleeven, J. Mandrillon, N.A.R. Mine, V. Nuttens, P. Verbruggen IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
	At the previous cyclotron conference an overview of the cyclotrons for radioisotopes production was shown. Here, we will focus on the development of IBA’s accelerators in the recent three years. Notably the Cyclone® 70, the Cyclone® 30XP and the Cyclone® Kiube have made progress. The expertise gained with the development of these machines has led IBA to develop a completely new cyclotron for 30 MeV protons, the Cyclone® IKON. As its first construction is ongoing, details on the design of this accelerator will be presented.
	Slides MOBO01 [3.674 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-MOBO01
About •	Received ※ 04 December 2022 — Revised ※ 29 January 2023 — Accepted ※ 09 February 2023 — Issue date ※ 05 July 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

MOPO003	Sawtooth Wave Buncher Upgrade for SFC Cyclotron	cyclotron, ECR, bunching, operation	51
	R. Zhang, X.M. Su, X.W. Wang, Z. Xu IMP/CAS, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
	To increase extracted beam intensity, the SFC cyclotron requires that the sawtooth wave buncher on its injection line provide the effective voltage up to 2.5kV and cover a wide frequency range of six times. We develope a multi-harmonic synthesis method by combining a broadband amplifier and impedance transformer, which provide a high-voltage single-gap buncher at limited space and cost. With this method, the maximum voltage of the new buncher exceeds 2.5kV and the beam intensity increases by a factor of 6.7.
	Poster MOPO003 [1.092 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-MOPO003
About •	Received ※ 04 December 2022 — Revised ※ 12 February 2023 — Accepted ※ 22 February 2023 — Issue date ※ 25 August 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

MOPO014	Design Studies of the Cylindrically Symmetric Magnetic Inflector	cyclotron, space-charge, simulation, permanent-magnet	87
	L.G. Zhang, R.A. Baartman, Y. Bylinskii, T. Planche, Y.-N. Rao TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada
	The spiral inflector steers the beam from the bore in the main magnet into the median plane to achieve the axial injection with an external ion source. In a conventional electrostatic infector, the injection beam energy is limited by the breakdown voltage on the electrodes. At the same time, the injection intensity is also limited by the small aperture in the electrostatic inflector. Magnetic inflector is a promising alternative to overcome these disadvantages. To demonstrate the technology, we use the TR100 main magnet model, a conceptual idea of an H²⁺ cyclotron, as a testbench to study the inflection conditions and optics of the passive magnetic inflector with a cylindrically symmetric structure. A mirror-like field with optimized mirror length and ratio provides a well-focused beam arriving at the median plane. The required magnetic field is produced by shimming a center plug in the injection hole. The space charge effect is also discussed with the simulation of a high-intensity injection beam.
	Poster MOPO014 [0.678 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-MOPO014
About •	Received ※ 04 December 2022 — Revised ※ 01 February 2023 — Accepted ※ 06 February 2023 — Issue date ※ 04 March 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUAO04	Design of a Multi-Harmonic Buncher for TRIUMF 500 MeV Cyclotron	cyclotron, simulation, bunching, space-charge	118
	S. Saminathan, R.A. Baartman, Y. Bylinskii, M. Ilagan, P.M. Jung, O. Law, R.E. Laxdal, M. Marchetto, T. Planche, V. Zvyagintsev TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada
	The TRIUMF 500 MeV cyclotron injection system consists of a 40 m long beamline to transport the 300 keV H⁻ ion beams into the cyclotron. Part of the original beamline, the vertical injection section, was replaced in 2011 and, while the remaining horizontal injection section is being redesigned for replacement. As part of the horizontal injection beamline upgrade, the present buncher system will be replaced with a new one. Presently, the injection system consists of two double gap bunchers. The first buncher operates at the cyclotron RF frequency (23.06 MHz) while the second operates at the second harmonic frequency (46.12 MHz). The proposed new buncher is based on a two-electrode multi-harmonic system, which will be operated by up to three harmonics. The beam dynamics studies have been performed, including the space-charge effects using the particle-in-cell code WARP. Simulation results of longitudinal beam dynamics are presented for transporting beam intensity up to 1 mA.
	Slides TUAO04 [2.473 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-TUAO04
About •	Received ※ 03 January 2023 — Revised ※ 11 February 2023 — Accepted ※ 13 February 2023 — Issue date ※ 05 March 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEAO02	Simulation and Analysis of HIMM-IC Beam Dynamics with OPAL	simulation, cyclotron, extraction, emittance	152
	G.L. Dou IMP/CAS, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
	Since 2020, HIMM (Heavy Ion Medical Machine) facilities in both Wuwei and Lanzhou cities have been installed and put into clinical application or commissioning experiments. As an injector cyclotron (IC), HIMM-IC can provide 6.8 MeV/10 eµA 12C⁵⁺ beam for the synchrotron. Nevertheless, in terms of better beam quality and operation efficiency, HIMM-IC design still has a lot of room for improvement. We used OPAL simulation program to complete the 3D multi-particle dynamics simulation of HIMM-IC including the space charge effect. And the results show that it is in good agreement with the actual experimental measurements.
	Slides WEAO02 [3.819 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-WEAO02
About •	Received ※ 29 December 2022 — Revised ※ 12 January 2023 — Accepted ※ 01 February 2023 — Issue date ※ 07 February 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEAO06	Development of Heavy Ion Radiotherapy Facilities in China	heavy-ion, synchrotron, cyclotron, radiation	167
	J. Shi, Q. Li, L.Z. Ma, J.W. Xia, G.Q. Xiao, J.C. Yang, W.-L. Zhan IMP/CAS, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
	Funding: This work was supported by the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. 2017453), and the Lanzhou Talent Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project (No. 2019-RC-4). Hadron therapy offers superior dose conformity in the treatment of deep-seated tumors compared with conventional X-ray therapy due to its Bragg-peak feature of energy deposition in organs. Heavy ion medical machine (HIMM) was constructed on the basis of the experience gained from the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou-Cooler Storage Ring (HIRFL-CSR) project. The facility consists of an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion source, a cyclotron injector, a compact synchrotron ring, and 5 nozzles. The C⁵⁺ beam generated by the ECR ion source is pre-accelerated by the cyclotron to 6.2 MeV/u and then injected into the synchrotron using the charge exchange injection method. The injected beam is accelerated from 6.2 MeV/u to an extraction energy ranging from 120 to 400 MeV/u. This paper introduced the characteristics of HIMM and its development in China.
	Slides WEAO06 [2.445 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-WEAO06
About •	Received ※ 07 December 2022 — Revised ※ 10 February 2023 — Accepted ※ 13 February 2023 — Issue date ※ 14 May 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPO016	A New 18 GHz ECR Ion Source for Cyclotron at CIAE	ion-source, ECR, cyclotron, electron	234
	B. Tang, L.H. Chen, B.Q. Cui, G. Guo, R. Ma, Y.J. Ma, L. Sui, Y.F. Wang, L. Zhang CIAE, Beijing, People’s Republic of China Z.H. Jia, L.B. Li, Y.T. Li, W. Lu, J.D. Ma, P. Peng, C. Qian, L.T. Sun, P. Zhang, X.Z. Zhang IMP/CAS, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
	In order to meet the requirements of ion beam for the single event effect experiment, the ion source needs to supply ion beams of N, Ne, Si, Ar, Fe, Kr, Xe, and so on for the cyclotron. The most effective way to increase the energy of the cyclotron is to increase the charged state, and the Kr ion charge state reaches +22 while the Xe ion charge state reaches +35. A new room-temperature Electron Cyclotron Resonance (ECR) ion source operating at 18 GHz has been developed and assembled at CIAE. This new ECR ion source is based on the Lanzhou Electron Cyclotron Resonance ion source No.5 (LECR5) developed at IMP. The magnetic confinement of the new ECR ion source is realized by the axial mirror field provided by two set of room temperature pancake coils while the radial hexapole field is supplied by a permanent magnet hexapole. A multi-sputter disk injection component was designed for the production of metallic cocktail ion beams. This paper will give the detailed design of this ion source, and some preliminary highly charged ion beam production results will also be presented.
	Poster WEPO016 [0.654 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-WEPO016
About •	Received ※ 11 February 2023 — Revised ※ 13 February 2023 — Accepted ※ 20 February 2023 — Issue date ※ 01 July 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THBO02	SAPT- A Synchrotron Based Proton Therapy	proton, extraction, synchrotron, dipole	278
	M.Z. Zhang, D.M. Li SINAP, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China Z.L. Chen, R. Li, Z.T. Zhao SARI-CAS, Pudong, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China M. Gu, L.R. Shen SSRF, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
	SAPT is a synchrotron based proton therapy which built in Shanghai, china. There are 4 treatment rooms and a main ring, a linac injector and the transport lines that between them. The main ring is a 24.6m long and 8 dipoles synchrotron. The synchrotron employees multi-turn injection and 3rd order extraction. The treatment rooms are ocular beam line, fixed beam line, 180 degree gantry beam line and 360 gantry beam line. Now, the first unit (fixed beam line, 180 degree gantry beam line) has finished the 3rd party testing and clinical trial, will open to patient treatment soon. the accelerator and beam lines will be described in this paper.
	Slides THBO02 [14.309 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-THBO02
About •	Received ※ 06 December 2022 — Revised ※ 11 February 2023 — Accepted ※ 13 February 2023 — Issue date ※ 05 March 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPO009	Vacuum Model of the C400 Cyclotron for Hadrontherapy	vacuum, cyclotron, extraction, hadrontherapy	317
	V. Nuttens, P. Cailliau, Q. Flandroy, W.J.G.M. Kleeven, J. Mandrillon IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium Ph. Velten NHa, Caen, France
	Since 2020, NHa and IBA collaborate on the development of the C400 cyclotron dedicated to hadron therapy. This machine accelerates C⁶⁺ and He²⁺ up to 400 MeV/n and H²⁺ up to 260 MeV/n. The H²⁺ is extracted by stripping and the other particles by electrostatic extraction. Vacuum management in the injection line and in the cyclotron are of prime importance to avoid large beam losses. Indeed, C⁶⁺ ions are subjected to charge exchange during collision with the residual gas. On the opposite, H²⁺ will suffer from molecular binding break up. According to cross section data, the constraints on the residual gas pressure is driven by C⁶⁺ in the injection line and by H²⁺ in the cyclotron. An electrical equivalent model of the vacuum system of the cyclotron, its injection and extraction lines has been developed in LTSpice® software to determine the pressure along the particle path. Contributions from outgassing surfaces, O-ring outgassing and permeation are included and vacuum pump requirement could be obtained. The expected beam transmission is then evaluated based on cross sections available from the literature.
	Poster THPO009 [0.524 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-THPO009
About •	Received ※ 06 December 2022 — Revised ※ 12 January 2023 — Accepted ※ 31 January 2023 — Issue date ※ 14 March 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPO018	FFAG Activity in Japan and Future Projects	experiment, target, proton, radiation	344
	Y. Ishi, Y. Mori, T. Uesugi Kyoto University, Research Reactor Institute, Osaka, Japan
	The current activities of FFAG in Japan will be presented as well as future projects using energy recovery internal target scheme in the FFAG ring.
	Poster THPO018 [2.641 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-THPO018
About •	Received ※ 18 January 2023 — Revised ※ 05 February 2023 — Accepted ※ 28 February 2023 — Issue date ※ 10 May 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

MOAI01

Status of the HIAF Accelerator Facility in China

ECR, extraction, linac, vacuum

1

J.C. Yang, L.T. Sun, Y.J. Yuan
IMP/CAS, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China

HIAF (High Intensity heavy ion Accelerator Facility) is a new accelerator facility for advances in the nuclear physics and related research fields in China. It is composed of a superconducting ion linear accelerator, a high-energy synchrotron booster, a high-energy radioactive isotope beam line, an experimental storage ring, and a few experimental setups. Characterized by unprecedented intense ion beams from hydrogen through uranium, HIAF can produce a large variety of exotic nuclear matters not normally found on the earth and will bring researchers to the forefront of promoting the most vigorous and fascinating fields in nuclear physics. In addition, HIAF will provide an excellent platform to develop heavy-ion applications in medicine, life science, space science, and material science. The construction of HIAF started up in December of 2018, and takes approximately seven years in total. Since the commencement, the civil engineering and infrastructure are being constructed on time schedule and will be completed in July, 2023. R&D on key accelerator techniques are going on successfully, and prototypes of core devices are fabricated in collaboration with home and abroad universities, institutes, and companies. Presently, we come to the stage of invitation for bids and volume production of various apparatuses. The progress and present status will be given in the presentation.

Slides MOAI01 [7.656 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-MOAI01

About •

Received ※ 29 January 2023 — Revised ※ 10 February 2023 — Accepted ※ 14 February 2023 — Issue date ※ 25 April 2023

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

MOBO01

High Intensity Cyclotrons for Production of Medical Radioisotopes

cyclotron, space-charge, extraction, MMI

30

E. van der Kraaij, J.-M. Geets, W.J.G.M. Kleeven, J. Mandrillon, N.A.R. Mine, V. Nuttens, P. Verbruggen
IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium

At the previous cyclotron conference an overview of the cyclotrons for radioisotopes production was shown. Here, we will focus on the development of IBA’s accelerators in the recent three years. Notably the Cyclone® 70, the Cyclone® 30XP and the Cyclone® Kiube have made progress. The expertise gained with the development of these machines has led IBA to develop a completely new cyclotron for 30 MeV protons, the Cyclone® IKON. As its first construction is ongoing, details on the design of this accelerator will be presented.

Slides MOBO01 [3.674 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-MOBO01

About •

Received ※ 04 December 2022 — Revised ※ 29 January 2023 — Accepted ※ 09 February 2023 — Issue date ※ 05 July 2023

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

MOPO003

Sawtooth Wave Buncher Upgrade for SFC Cyclotron

cyclotron, ECR, bunching, operation

51

R. Zhang, X.M. Su, X.W. Wang, Z. Xu
IMP/CAS, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China

To increase extracted beam intensity, the SFC cyclotron requires that the sawtooth wave buncher on its injection line provide the effective voltage up to 2.5kV and cover a wide frequency range of six times. We develope a multi-harmonic synthesis method by combining a broadband amplifier and impedance transformer, which provide a high-voltage single-gap buncher at limited space and cost. With this method, the maximum voltage of the new buncher exceeds 2.5kV and the beam intensity increases by a factor of 6.7.

Poster MOPO003 [1.092 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-MOPO003

About •

Received ※ 04 December 2022 — Revised ※ 12 February 2023 — Accepted ※ 22 February 2023 — Issue date ※ 25 August 2023

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

MOPO014

Design Studies of the Cylindrically Symmetric Magnetic Inflector

cyclotron, space-charge, simulation, permanent-magnet

87

L.G. Zhang, R.A. Baartman, Y. Bylinskii, T. Planche, Y.-N. Rao
TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada

The spiral inflector steers the beam from the bore in the main magnet into the median plane to achieve the axial injection with an external ion source. In a conventional electrostatic infector, the injection beam energy is limited by the breakdown voltage on the electrodes. At the same time, the injection intensity is also limited by the small aperture in the electrostatic inflector. Magnetic inflector is a promising alternative to overcome these disadvantages. To demonstrate the technology, we use the TR100 main magnet model, a conceptual idea of an H²⁺ cyclotron, as a testbench to study the inflection conditions and optics of the passive magnetic inflector with a cylindrically symmetric structure. A mirror-like field with optimized mirror length and ratio provides a well-focused beam arriving at the median plane. The required magnetic field is produced by shimming a center plug in the injection hole. The space charge effect is also discussed with the simulation of a high-intensity injection beam.

Poster MOPO014 [0.678 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-MOPO014

About •

Received ※ 04 December 2022 — Revised ※ 01 February 2023 — Accepted ※ 06 February 2023 — Issue date ※ 04 March 2023

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUAO04

Design of a Multi-Harmonic Buncher for TRIUMF 500 MeV Cyclotron

cyclotron, simulation, bunching, space-charge

118

S. Saminathan, R.A. Baartman, Y. Bylinskii, M. Ilagan, P.M. Jung, O. Law, R.E. Laxdal, M. Marchetto, T. Planche, V. Zvyagintsev
TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada

The TRIUMF 500 MeV cyclotron injection system consists of a 40 m long beamline to transport the 300 keV H⁻ ion beams into the cyclotron. Part of the original beamline, the vertical injection section, was replaced in 2011 and, while the remaining horizontal injection section is being redesigned for replacement. As part of the horizontal injection beamline upgrade, the present buncher system will be replaced with a new one. Presently, the injection system consists of two double gap bunchers. The first buncher operates at the cyclotron RF frequency (23.06 MHz) while the second operates at the second harmonic frequency (46.12 MHz). The proposed new buncher is based on a two-electrode multi-harmonic system, which will be operated by up to three harmonics. The beam dynamics studies have been performed, including the space-charge effects using the particle-in-cell code WARP. Simulation results of longitudinal beam dynamics are presented for transporting beam intensity up to 1 mA.

Slides TUAO04 [2.473 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-TUAO04

About •

Received ※ 03 January 2023 — Revised ※ 11 February 2023 — Accepted ※ 13 February 2023 — Issue date ※ 05 March 2023

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEAO02

Simulation and Analysis of HIMM-IC Beam Dynamics with OPAL

simulation, cyclotron, extraction, emittance

152

G.L. Dou
IMP/CAS, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China

Since 2020, HIMM (Heavy Ion Medical Machine) facilities in both Wuwei and Lanzhou cities have been installed and put into clinical application or commissioning experiments. As an injector cyclotron (IC), HIMM-IC can provide 6.8 MeV/10 eµA 12C⁵⁺ beam for the synchrotron. Nevertheless, in terms of better beam quality and operation efficiency, HIMM-IC design still has a lot of room for improvement. We used OPAL simulation program to complete the 3D multi-particle dynamics simulation of HIMM-IC including the space charge effect. And the results show that it is in good agreement with the actual experimental measurements.

Slides WEAO02 [3.819 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-WEAO02

About •

Received ※ 29 December 2022 — Revised ※ 12 January 2023 — Accepted ※ 01 February 2023 — Issue date ※ 07 February 2023

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEAO06

Development of Heavy Ion Radiotherapy Facilities in China

heavy-ion, synchrotron, cyclotron, radiation

167

J. Shi, Q. Li, L.Z. Ma, J.W. Xia, G.Q. Xiao, J.C. Yang, W.-L. Zhan
IMP/CAS, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China

Funding: This work was supported by the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. 2017453), and the Lanzhou Talent Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project (No. 2019-RC-4).
Hadron therapy offers superior dose conformity in the treatment of deep-seated tumors compared with conventional X-ray therapy due to its Bragg-peak feature of energy deposition in organs. Heavy ion medical machine (HIMM) was constructed on the basis of the experience gained from the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou-Cooler Storage Ring (HIRFL-CSR) project. The facility consists of an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion source, a cyclotron injector, a compact synchrotron ring, and 5 nozzles. The C⁵⁺ beam generated by the ECR ion source is pre-accelerated by the cyclotron to 6.2 MeV/u and then injected into the synchrotron using the charge exchange injection method. The injected beam is accelerated from 6.2 MeV/u to an extraction energy ranging from 120 to 400 MeV/u. This paper introduced the characteristics of HIMM and its development in China.

Slides WEAO06 [2.445 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-WEAO06

About •

Received ※ 07 December 2022 — Revised ※ 10 February 2023 — Accepted ※ 13 February 2023 — Issue date ※ 14 May 2023

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPO016

A New 18 GHz ECR Ion Source for Cyclotron at CIAE

ion-source, ECR, cyclotron, electron

234

B. Tang, L.H. Chen, B.Q. Cui, G. Guo, R. Ma, Y.J. Ma, L. Sui, Y.F. Wang, L. Zhang
CIAE, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
Z.H. Jia, L.B. Li, Y.T. Li, W. Lu, J.D. Ma, P. Peng, C. Qian, L.T. Sun, P. Zhang, X.Z. Zhang
IMP/CAS, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China

In order to meet the requirements of ion beam for the single event effect experiment, the ion source needs to supply ion beams of N, Ne, Si, Ar, Fe, Kr, Xe, and so on for the cyclotron. The most effective way to increase the energy of the cyclotron is to increase the charged state, and the Kr ion charge state reaches +22 while the Xe ion charge state reaches +35. A new room-temperature Electron Cyclotron Resonance (ECR) ion source operating at 18 GHz has been developed and assembled at CIAE. This new ECR ion source is based on the Lanzhou Electron Cyclotron Resonance ion source No.5 (LECR5) developed at IMP. The magnetic confinement of the new ECR ion source is realized by the axial mirror field provided by two set of room temperature pancake coils while the radial hexapole field is supplied by a permanent magnet hexapole. A multi-sputter disk injection component was designed for the production of metallic cocktail ion beams. This paper will give the detailed design of this ion source, and some preliminary highly charged ion beam production results will also be presented.

Poster WEPO016 [0.654 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-WEPO016

About •

Received ※ 11 February 2023 — Revised ※ 13 February 2023 — Accepted ※ 20 February 2023 — Issue date ※ 01 July 2023

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THBO02

SAPT- A Synchrotron Based Proton Therapy

proton, extraction, synchrotron, dipole

278

M.Z. Zhang, D.M. Li
SINAP, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
Z.L. Chen, R. Li, Z.T. Zhao
SARI-CAS, Pudong, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
M. Gu, L.R. Shen
SSRF, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China

SAPT is a synchrotron based proton therapy which built in Shanghai, china. There are 4 treatment rooms and a main ring, a linac injector and the transport lines that between them. The main ring is a 24.6m long and 8 dipoles synchrotron. The synchrotron employees multi-turn injection and 3rd order extraction. The treatment rooms are ocular beam line, fixed beam line, 180 degree gantry beam line and 360 gantry beam line. Now, the first unit (fixed beam line, 180 degree gantry beam line) has finished the 3rd party testing and clinical trial, will open to patient treatment soon. the accelerator and beam lines will be described in this paper.

Slides THBO02 [14.309 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-THBO02

About •

Received ※ 06 December 2022 — Revised ※ 11 February 2023 — Accepted ※ 13 February 2023 — Issue date ※ 05 March 2023

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPO009

Vacuum Model of the C400 Cyclotron for Hadrontherapy

vacuum, cyclotron, extraction, hadrontherapy

317

V. Nuttens, P. Cailliau, Q. Flandroy, W.J.G.M. Kleeven, J. Mandrillon
IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
Ph. Velten
NHa, Caen, France

Since 2020, NHa and IBA collaborate on the development of the C400 cyclotron dedicated to hadron therapy. This machine accelerates C⁶⁺ and He²⁺ up to 400 MeV/n and H²⁺ up to 260 MeV/n. The H²⁺ is extracted by stripping and the other particles by electrostatic extraction. Vacuum management in the injection line and in the cyclotron are of prime importance to avoid large beam losses. Indeed, C⁶⁺ ions are subjected to charge exchange during collision with the residual gas. On the opposite, H²⁺ will suffer from molecular binding break up. According to cross section data, the constraints on the residual gas pressure is driven by C⁶⁺ in the injection line and by H²⁺ in the cyclotron. An electrical equivalent model of the vacuum system of the cyclotron, its injection and extraction lines has been developed in LTSpice® software to determine the pressure along the particle path. Contributions from outgassing surfaces, O-ring outgassing and permeation are included and vacuum pump requirement could be obtained. The expected beam transmission is then evaluated based on cross sections available from the literature.

Poster THPO009 [0.524 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-THPO009

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Received ※ 06 December 2022 — Revised ※ 12 January 2023 — Accepted ※ 31 January 2023 — Issue date ※ 14 March 2023

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THPO018

FFAG Activity in Japan and Future Projects

experiment, target, proton, radiation

344

Y. Ishi, Y. Mori, T. Uesugi
Kyoto University, Research Reactor Institute, Osaka, Japan

The current activities of FFAG in Japan will be presented as well as future projects using energy recovery internal target scheme in the FFAG ring.

Poster THPO018 [2.641 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-THPO018

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Received ※ 18 January 2023 — Revised ※ 05 February 2023 — Accepted ※ 28 February 2023 — Issue date ※ 10 May 2023

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