ICALEPCS2019 - Classification: Timing and Synchronization

Paper	Title	Page
MOPHA033	Timing, Synchronization and Software-Generated Beam Control at FRIB	272
	E. Daykin, M.G. Konrad FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
	Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science under Cooperative Agreement DE-SC0000661 The Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, once completed, will require hundreds of devices throughout the machine to operate using synchronized timestamps and triggering events. These include, but are not limited to fault timestamps, time-dependent diagnostic measurements and complex beam pulse patterns. To achieve this design goal, we utilize a timing network using off-the-shelf hardware from Micro Research Finland. A GPS time base is also utilized to provide client timestamping synchronization via NTP/PTP. We describe our methods for software-generated event and beam pulse patterns, performance of installed equipment against project requirements, integration with other systems and challenges encountered during development.
	Poster MOPHA033 [6.598 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2019-MOPHA033
About •	paper received ※ 03 October 2019 paper accepted ※ 08 October 2019 issue date ※ 30 August 2020
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MOPHA046	A New Simulation Timing System for Software Testing in Collider-Accelerator Control Systems	307
	Y. Gao, T.G. Robertazzi Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA K.A. Brown, M. Harvey, J. Morris, R.H. Olsen BNL, Upton, New York, USA
	Particle accelerators need a timing mechanism to properly accelerate the beam from its source to its destination. The synchronization among accelerator devices is important, which is accomplished by a distribution of timing signals. Devices which require their times synchronized to the acceleration cycle are connected to timelines. Timing signals are sent out along the timelines in the form of digital codes. Correspondingly, devices in the complex are equipped with timeline decoders, which allow devices to extract timing signals appropriately. In this work, a new simulation architecture is introduced which can generate user-specific timing events for software testing in the control systems.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2019-MOPHA046
About •	paper received ※ 27 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 08 October 2019 issue date ※ 30 August 2020
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MOPHA059	Ultra-High Precision Timing System for the CEA-Laser Megajoule	347
	S. Hocquet, N. Bazoge, Ph. Hours, D. Monnier-Bourdin Greenfield Technology, Massy, France T. Falgon, T. Somerlinck CEA, LE BARP cedex, France
	High power laser such as the Laser MegaJoule (LMJ) or National Ignition Facility (NIF) requires different types of trigger precision to synchronize all the laser beams, plasma diagnostics and generate fiducials. Greenfield Technology, which designs and produces picosecond delay generator and timing system for about 20 years, has been hired by CEA to develop new products to meet the LMJ requirements. About 2000 triggers are about to be set to control and synchronize all of the 176 laser beams on the target with a precision better than 40 ps RMS. Among these triggers, Greenfield Technology’s GFT10¹² is a 4-channels delay generator challenging ultra-high performances: an ultra-low jitter between 2 slaves below 4 ps RMS and a peak-to-peak wander over 1 week lower than 6 ps due to a thermal control of the most sensitive part (the thermal drift is below 1 ps/°C) and specific developments for clock management and restitution. On going investigation should bring the jitter close to 2 ps RMS between 2 slaves.
	Poster MOPHA059 [0.488 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2019-MOPHA059
About •	paper received ※ 30 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 09 October 2019 issue date ※ 30 August 2020
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MOPHA068	Improving Reliability of the Fast Extraction Kicker Timing Control at the AGS	373
	P.K. Kankiya, J.P. Jamilkowski BNL, Upton, New York, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The fast extraction kicker system at AGS to RHIC transport line uses Stanford Research DG535 delay generators to time, synchronize, and trigger charging power supplies and high-level thyratron trigger pulse generators. This timing system has been upgraded to use an SRS DG645 instrument due to reliability issues with the aforementioned model and slow response time of GPIB buses. The new model provides the relative timing of the separate kicker modules of the assembly from a synchronized external trigger with the RF system. Specifications of the timing scheme, an algorithm to load settings synchronized with RHIC real-time events, and performance analysis of the software will be presented in the paper.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2019-MOPHA068
About •	paper received ※ 12 July 2019 paper accepted ※ 10 October 2019 issue date ※ 30 August 2020
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MOPHA076	Timing System Upgrade for Medical Linear Accelerator Project at SLRI	392
	R. Rujanakraikarn, P. Koonpong, S. Tesprasitte SLRI, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
	A prototype of 6 MeV medical linear accelerator has been under development at Synchrotron Light Research Institute (SLRI). Several subsystems of the machine have been carefully designed and tested to prepare for x-ray generation. To maintain proper operation of the machine, pulse signals are generated to synchronize various subsystems. The timing system, based on the previous version designed on Xilinx Spartan-3 FPGA, is upgraded with better timing resolution, easier configuration with more timing channels, and future expansion of the system. A new LabVIEW GUI is also designed with more details on timing parameters for easy customization. The result of this new design is satisfactorily achieved with the resolution of 10 nanoseconds per time step and up to 15 synchronized timing channels implemented on two FPGA modules.
	Poster MOPHA076 [0.727 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2019-MOPHA076
About •	paper received ※ 30 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 10 October 2019 issue date ※ 30 August 2020
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MOPHA138	Beam Gate Control System for the Proton Injector and Beamlines on KOMAC	551
	Y.G. Song, H.S. Kim, J.H. Kim, H.-J. Kwon Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
	Funding: This work has been supported through KOMAC (Korea Multi-purpose Accelerator Complex) operation fund of KAERI by MSIT (Ministry of Science and ICT). The Korea Multi-purpose Accelerator Complex (KOMAC) 100 MeV proton linac operates with the timing system to change real-time timing parameters for low and high-flux proton beam utilization. The main requirements are to synchronize the operation of the facility including linac, target, and diagnostics, to provide a variable beam repetition rate up to 60 Hz, and to support post-mortem analysis when a beam trip occurs. The timing system, which consists of one event generator and eleven event receivers, is configured to control the beam gate and beam sequence to distribute the proton beam to the beam line. Corresponding to user’s demands, beam gate should be controlled, and the beam distribution must be precisely synchronized with the main reference signal. The timing system is configured with sequence logic for beam gate control, and the timing events can trigger the software to perform actions including beam on or off, post-mortem data acquisition, and beam distribution on the beam lines. The results of the timing control system for the beam gate and beam distribution are presented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2019-MOPHA138
About •	paper received ※ 30 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 10 October 2019 issue date ※ 30 August 2020
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TUBPR01	The Distributed Oscilloscope: A Large-Scale Fully Synchronised Data Acquisition System Over White Rabbit	725
	D. Lampridis, T. Gingold, M. Malczak, F. Vaga, T. Włostowski, A. Wujek CERN, Geneva, Switzerland M. Malczak Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Electronic Systems, Warsaw, Poland
	A common need in large scientific experiments is the ability to monitor by means of simultaneous data acquisition across the whole installation. Data is acquired as a result of triggers which may either come from external sources, or from internal triggering of one of the acquisition nodes. However, a problem arises from the fact that once the trigger is generated, it will not arrive to the receiving nodes simultaneously, due to varying distances and environmental conditions. The Distributed Oscilloscope (DO) concept attempts to address this problem by leveraging the sub-nanosecond synchronization and deterministic data delivery provided by White Rabbit (WR) and augmenting it with automatic discovery of acquisition nodes and complex trigger event scheduling, in order to provide the illusion of a virtual oscilloscope. This paper presents the current state of the DO, including work done on the FPGA and software level to enhance existing acquisition hardware, as well as a new protocol based on existing industrial standards. It also includes test results obtained from a demonstrator based on two digitizers separated by a 10 km optical fiber, used as a showcase of the DO concept.
	Slides TUBPR01 [10.026 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2019-TUBPR01
About •	paper received ※ 27 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 10 October 2019 issue date ※ 30 August 2020
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TUBPR02	A 4-Channel, 7 ns-Delay Tuning Range, 400 fs-Step, 1.8 ps RMS Jitter, Delay Generator Implemented in a 180 nm CMOS Technology	733
	F.C. Badets, G.A. Billiot, S. Bouquet, B. Caillat, A. Fustier, F. Lepin, C. Magnier, G. Regis, A. Spataro CEA, Grenoble, France D. Monnier-Bourdin, B. Riondet Greenfield Technology, Massy, France
	This paper discloses the integration, in a 180 nm CMOS technology, of a 4-channel delay generator dedicated to synchronization down to a few ps. The delay generation principle relies on the linear charge of a capacitor triggered by the input pulse. The output pulse generation occurs when the capacitor voltage exceeds a threshold voltage. The delay full scale is automatically set to match the period of the master clock, ranging from 5-7 ns, with the help of an embedded calibration circuit. The delay value is controlled with the help of a 14-bit DAC setting the threshold voltage, which leads to a 400 fs delay step. Among other features, the chip embeds a combination mode of either 2 or 4 channels to output narrow width pulses. The chip is fully compliant with LVDS, LVPECL and CML differential input pulses and outputs LVPECL pulses. The chip has been fully characterized over temperature (0 to 60 °C) and supply voltage (± 10%). The chip is compliant with pulse repetition frequencies up to 20 MHz. The measured INL is 100 LSB and the RMS jitter is 1.8 ps. The power consumption has been measured to 350 mW for 4 active channels.
	Slides TUBPR02 [5.312 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2019-TUBPR02
About •	paper received ※ 30 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 09 October 2019 issue date ※ 30 August 2020
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TUBPR03	Major Upgrade of the HIT Accelerator Control System Using PTP and TSN Technology	738
	A. Peters, J.M. Mosthaf, C. Schömers HIT, Heidelberg, Germany
	Two important reasons led to the first developments for a new ACS for the HIT ion therapy accelerator complex: a) the first implementation of the ACS was done in 2003-2005 resulting in well-functioning, but mostly proprietary solutions more and more components of e.g. the specially built device control units (DCUs) are becoming discontinued, thus a new realization using standard SoCs or similar is necessary; b) new functionality like multiple energy operation* should enhance the duty factor of the accelerator facility resulting in significantly higher patient irradiation efficiency. In cooperation with our commercial partner we are investigating the newly available deterministic Ethernet technologies like "Time-Sensitive Networking" with several IEEE 802.1xx standards. Early TSN implementations in embedded controller boards and switches were obtained in a test installation in autumn of 2018 to study feasibility, e.g. the required timing precision using PTP (resp. IEEE 802.1AS-Rev) to realize a "one-wire-ACS" based on Ethernet only for deterministic data transfer and message based triggers for synchronized ACS functions. We will report on our test bench experiences. R. Baer, Status and conceptual design of the control system for … HICAT, ICALEPCS 2005 *M. Galonska, Multi-energy trial operation of the HIT medical synchrotron, IPAC 2017
	Slides TUBPR03 [3.816 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2019-TUBPR03
About •	paper received ※ 02 October 2019 paper accepted ※ 09 October 2019 issue date ※ 30 August 2020
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TUBPR04	The Fault Diagnosis of Event Timing System in SuperKEKB	741
	D. Wang Sokendai, Ibaraki, Japan K. Furukawa, H. Kaji, M. Satoh, H. Sugimura KEK, Ibaraki, Japan Y. Iitsuka EJIT, Hitachi, Ibaraki, Japan T. Kudou, S. Kusano Mitsubishi Electric System & Service Co., Ltd, Tsukuba, Japan
	Funding: Work supported China Scholarship Council The new MRF event timing system is one of the most important components to maintain the reliable and stable operation of the SuperKEKB project. This system is utilized to distribute high precision level timing signals and accompanying control instructions to synchronize different subsystems and machines. Event generator (EVG) generates signals of different beam modes every 50 Hz pulse which contains several event codes while Event receivers (EVR) receives them and output signals to dedicated devices all over the installation. To certain these events are consistent during the distribution, an event fault diagnosis system is essentially needed. An EVR based event timing diagnostic system is thus developed by modifying the driver support module to provide a log system of persistent event data as well as comparing the received event codes with the beam injector pattern, detecting the event timing interval fault and notifying the results by email every day. Then, we are able to locate the fault, analyze the data, fix bugs or replace hardware and resume accelerator operation quickly.
	Slides TUBPR04 [2.076 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2019-TUBPR04
About •	paper received ※ 30 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 10 October 2019 issue date ※ 30 August 2020
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TUBPR05	LEReC Timing Synchronization with RHIC Beam	746
	P.K. Kankiya, M.R. Costanzo, J.P. Jamilkowski BNL, Upton, New York, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy In RHIC low energy bunched beam cooling experiment, LEReC, a 704 MHz fiber laser is modulated such that when striking a photocathode, it produces corresponding electron bunches which are accelerated and transported to overlap an ion beam bunched at 9 MHz RF frequency The need for precise timing is handled well by the existing infrastructure. A layer of software application called the timing manager has been created to track the LEReC beam concerning the RHIC beam and allow instruments to be fired in real-time units instead of bunch timing or RHIC turns. The manager also automates set-tings of different modes based on the RF frequency and maintains the timing of instrumentation with a beam. A detailed description of the bunch structure and scheme of synchronizing the RF and laser pulses will be discussed in the paper.
	Slides TUBPR05 [4.693 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2019-TUBPR05
About •	paper received ※ 04 October 2019 paper accepted ※ 09 October 2019 issue date ※ 30 August 2020
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TUBPR06	Laser Megajoule Timing System	749
	T. Somerlinck, T. Falgon CEA, LE BARP cedex, France N. Bazoge, S. Hocquet, D. Monnier-Bourdin Greenfield Technology, Massy, France
	The aim of the Laser Megajoule facility (LMJ) is to deliver more than 1 MJ of laser energy to targets for high energy density physics experiments. In association with Greenfield Technology, we developed a specific timing system to synchronize the 176 laser beams on the target with a precision better than 40 ps rms and to trigger and mark plasma diagnostics. The final architecture, settled and used since three years, is based on a master oscillator that sends a clock with serial data through a fiber-optic network, allowing to synchronize more than 500 delay generators spread over the large LMJ facility. The settings of each laser beam and the various experiments require different sampling rates (multi to single shot) and 16 groups for coactivity. Three kinds of delay generators, electrical and optical, are designed for standard precision (<150 ps jitter) and the third is designed for high precision. Each output deliver trigger or fiducial signals with jitter down to 5 ps and peak-to-peak wander less than 10 ps over a week. Test performance of this LMJ timing system is in progress all over the LMJ facility. Besides it will be installed on the petawatt laser (PETAL) this year.
	Slides TUBPR06 [58.283 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2019-TUBPR06
About •	paper received ※ 30 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 10 October 2019 issue date ※ 30 August 2020
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WEMPR009	Development of Event Receiver on Zynq-7000 Evaluation Board	1063
WEPHA149	use link to see paper's listing under its alternate paper code
	H. Sugimura KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
	The timing system of SuperKEKB accelerator is used Event Timing System developed by Micro Research Finland. In this presentation, we tested the receiver on Zynq7000 evaluation board. The serialized event data are transferred from Event Generator to Event Receiver by using GTX transceiver. So, we selected Zynq7000(7z030) as receiver, because the FPGA has the GTX. And also, Zynq is mounted on arm processor, it is easily able to control received event data stream by using EPICS ICO. Finally we are aiming to combine event system and RF or BPM system in one FPGA board.
	Poster WEMPR009 [0.572 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2019-WEMPR009
About •	paper received ※ 17 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 09 October 2019 issue date ※ 30 August 2020
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WEPHA027	Evaluation of Timing and Synchronization Techniques on NI CompactRIO Platforms	1141
	O.Ø. Andreassen, C. Charrondière, K. Develle, R.E. Rossel, T. Zilliox CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	For distributed data acquisition and control system, clock synchronization between devices is key. The internal CPU clock of a CompactRIO has an accuracy of 40 ppm at 25 degree Celsius, which can cause up to 3 sec of drift per day. To compensate for this drift, common practice is to use a central clock (such as NTP) to synchronize the systems. In addition, the cRIO has an onboard FPGA which has its own 40 MHz clock. This clock is not synchronized with the CPU, and will also cause time drift. For short measurements, this drift is usually negligible, but for continuous data acquisition systems, running 24/7, the accumulated error has to be compensated. This article will show how we synchronized all clocks across multiple systems used for monitoring seismic activities in the LHC underground and surface areas. It will also describe the mechanism used to cross check synchronization by using the CERN developed White Rabbit timing system.
	Poster WEPHA027 [0.567 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2019-WEPHA027
About •	paper received ※ 26 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 19 October 2019 issue date ※ 30 August 2020
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WEPHA071	Timing System Integration with MTCA at ESS	1264
	J.J. Jamróz, J. Cereijo García, T. Korhonen, J.H. Lee ESS, Lund, Sweden
	European Spallation Source (ESS) organization has selected cutting-edge technologies to satisfy performance and scalability expectations: - Micro Telecommunications Computing Architecture (MTCA). - Micro Research Finland (MRF) based timing system with delay compensation. - Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS). To achieve optimal data acquisition quality, the control system is built on top of the timing system which gives the same absolute time reference to all EPICS process variables (PVs). The MTCA system gives configurable cableless access to manage connections among different electronic mezzanine cards, therefore reducing installation workload.
	Poster WEPHA071 [1.322 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2019-WEPHA071
About •	paper received ※ 30 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 10 October 2019 issue date ※ 30 August 2020
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WEPHA096	Timing Signal Distribution for Synchrotron Radiation Experiments Using RF Over White Rabbit	1316
	T. Masuda JASRI, Hyogo, Japan
	In synchrotron radiation experiments, some measurements such as nuclear resonant scattering, time-of-flight, and time-resolved measurements necessitate an RF clock and fundamental revolution frequency (zero-address) signals synchronized with a storage ring. Currently, these timing signals are delivered directly over dedicated cables from an accelerator timing station to each experimental station. Considering the upcoming IoT era, it is preferable that these signals can be distributed over a network based on digital technology. Therefore, I am building a proof of concept system (PoCS) that will achieve distributions of the 508.58 MHz clock and the zero-address signals synchronized with the storage ring using RF over White Rabbit. The PoCS consists of a master node, which receives the RF clock and the zero-address signals from the accelerator, and two slave nodes which generate timing signals near experimental stations. Each node employs a SPEC* board and a new FMC DDS**. The slave node will be able to output the RF clock with the arbitrary division rate and phase after reproducing the 508.58 MHz clock. This paper will describe the achieved functions and performance of the PoCS. https://ohwr.org/project/wr-d3s https://ohwr.org/project/spec *https://ohwr.org/project/fmc-dac-600m-12b-1cha-dds
	Poster WEPHA096 [2.200 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2019-WEPHA096
About •	paper received ※ 02 October 2019 paper accepted ※ 10 October 2019 issue date ※ 30 August 2020
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WEPHA103	Backward Compatible Update of the Timing System of WEST	1338
	Y. Moudden, A. Barbuti, G. Caulier, T. Poirier, B. Santraine, B. Vincent CEA/DRF/IRFM, St Paul Lez Durance, France
	Between 2013 and 2016, the tokamak Tore Supra in operation at Cadarache (CEA-France) since 1988 underwent a major upgrade following which it was renamed WEST (Tungsten [W] Environment in Steady state Tokamak). The synchronization system however was not upgraded since 1999. At the time, a robust design was achieved based on AMD’s TAXI chip: clock and events are distributed from a central emitter over a star shaped network of simplex optical links to electronic crates around the tokamak. Unfortunately, spare boards were not produced in sufficient quantities and the TAXI is obsolete. In fact, multigigabit serial communication standards question the future availability of any such low rate SerDeses. Designing replacement boards provides an opportunity for a new CDR solution and extended functionalities (loss-of-lock detection, latency monitoring). Backward compatibility is a major constraint given the lack of resources for a full upgrade. We will first describe the current state of the timing network of WEST, then the implementation of a custom CDR in full firmware, using the IOSerDeses of Xilinx FPGAs and will finally provide preliminary results on development boards. "Upgrade of the timing system for Tore Supra long pulses", D. Moulin et al. IEEE RealTime Conference 1999 **http://hep.uchicago.edu/~thliu/projects/Pulsar/other_doc/TAXIchip.pdf
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2019-WEPHA103
About •	paper received ※ 30 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 03 October 2020 issue date ※ 30 August 2020
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WEPHA105	Beam Synchronous Data Acquisition Using the Virtual Event Receiver	1347
	G. Mun, J. Hu, H.-S. Kang, C. Kim, G. Kim, W.W. Lee PAL, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea
	The 4th generation light source, PAL-XFEL, is an X-ray free electron laser in Pohang, Korea. One of key features of the event timing system in the PAL-XFEL, the beam synchronous acquisition is used in many beam diagnostics and analysis and the species of that increase gradually. In order to reduce the cost for event receivers which are required for operating the beam synchronous acquisition and to resolve the difficulty of the limited platform dependent on event receivers, we developed the virtual event receiver system receiving timestamps and BSA information from an event generator not using real event receivers. In this paper, we introduce the software architecture of the virtual event receiving system and present test results of it.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2019-WEPHA105
About •	paper received ※ 18 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 10 October 2019 issue date ※ 30 August 2020
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Paper

Title

Page

Timing, Synchronization and Software-Generated Beam Control at FRIB

272

E. Daykin, M.G. Konrad
FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA

Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science under Cooperative Agreement DE-SC0000661
The Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, once completed, will require hundreds of devices throughout the machine to operate using synchronized timestamps and triggering events. These include, but are not limited to fault timestamps, time-dependent diagnostic measurements and complex beam pulse patterns. To achieve this design goal, we utilize a timing network using off-the-shelf hardware from Micro Research Finland. A GPS time base is also utilized to provide client timestamping synchronization via NTP/PTP. We describe our methods for software-generated event and beam pulse patterns, performance of installed equipment against project requirements, integration with other systems and challenges encountered during development.

Poster MOPHA033 [6.598 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2019-MOPHA033

About •

paper received ※ 03 October 2019 paper accepted ※ 08 October 2019 issue date ※ 30 August 2020

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MOPHA046

A New Simulation Timing System for Software Testing in Collider-Accelerator Control Systems

307

Y. Gao, T.G. Robertazzi
Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
K.A. Brown, M. Harvey, J. Morris, R.H. Olsen
BNL, Upton, New York, USA

Particle accelerators need a timing mechanism to properly accelerate the beam from its source to its destination. The synchronization among accelerator devices is important, which is accomplished by a distribution of timing signals. Devices which require their times synchronized to the acceleration cycle are connected to timelines. Timing signals are sent out along the timelines in the form of digital codes. Correspondingly, devices in the complex are equipped with timeline decoders, which allow devices to extract timing signals appropriately. In this work, a new simulation architecture is introduced which can generate user-specific timing events for software testing in the control systems.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2019-MOPHA046

About •

paper received ※ 27 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 08 October 2019 issue date ※ 30 August 2020

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MOPHA059

Ultra-High Precision Timing System for the CEA-Laser Megajoule

347

S. Hocquet, N. Bazoge, Ph. Hours, D. Monnier-Bourdin
Greenfield Technology, Massy, France
T. Falgon, T. Somerlinck
CEA, LE BARP cedex, France

High power laser such as the Laser MegaJoule (LMJ) or National Ignition Facility (NIF) requires different types of trigger precision to synchronize all the laser beams, plasma diagnostics and generate fiducials. Greenfield Technology, which designs and produces picosecond delay generator and timing system for about 20 years, has been hired by CEA to develop new products to meet the LMJ requirements. About 2000 triggers are about to be set to control and synchronize all of the 176 laser beams on the target with a precision better than 40 ps RMS. Among these triggers, Greenfield Technology’s GFT10¹² is a 4-channels delay generator challenging ultra-high performances: an ultra-low jitter between 2 slaves below 4 ps RMS and a peak-to-peak wander over 1 week lower than 6 ps due to a thermal control of the most sensitive part (the thermal drift is below 1 ps/°C) and specific developments for clock management and restitution. On going investigation should bring the jitter close to 2 ps RMS between 2 slaves.

Poster MOPHA059 [0.488 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2019-MOPHA059

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paper received ※ 30 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 09 October 2019 issue date ※ 30 August 2020

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MOPHA068

Improving Reliability of the Fast Extraction Kicker Timing Control at the AGS

373

P.K. Kankiya, J.P. Jamilkowski
BNL, Upton, New York, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
The fast extraction kicker system at AGS to RHIC transport line uses Stanford Research DG535 delay generators to time, synchronize, and trigger charging power supplies and high-level thyratron trigger pulse generators. This timing system has been upgraded to use an SRS DG645 instrument due to reliability issues with the aforementioned model and slow response time of GPIB buses. The new model provides the relative timing of the separate kicker modules of the assembly from a synchronized external trigger with the RF system. Specifications of the timing scheme, an algorithm to load settings synchronized with RHIC real-time events, and performance analysis of the software will be presented in the paper.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2019-MOPHA068

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paper received ※ 12 July 2019 paper accepted ※ 10 October 2019 issue date ※ 30 August 2020

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MOPHA076

Timing System Upgrade for Medical Linear Accelerator Project at SLRI

392

R. Rujanakraikarn, P. Koonpong, S. Tesprasitte
SLRI, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand

A prototype of 6 MeV medical linear accelerator has been under development at Synchrotron Light Research Institute (SLRI). Several subsystems of the machine have been carefully designed and tested to prepare for x-ray generation. To maintain proper operation of the machine, pulse signals are generated to synchronize various subsystems. The timing system, based on the previous version designed on Xilinx Spartan-3 FPGA, is upgraded with better timing resolution, easier configuration with more timing channels, and future expansion of the system. A new LabVIEW GUI is also designed with more details on timing parameters for easy customization. The result of this new design is satisfactorily achieved with the resolution of 10 nanoseconds per time step and up to 15 synchronized timing channels implemented on two FPGA modules.

Poster MOPHA076 [0.727 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2019-MOPHA076

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paper received ※ 30 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 10 October 2019 issue date ※ 30 August 2020

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MOPHA138

Beam Gate Control System for the Proton Injector and Beamlines on KOMAC

551

Y.G. Song, H.S. Kim, J.H. Kim, H.-J. Kwon
Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea

Funding: This work has been supported through KOMAC (Korea Multi-purpose Accelerator Complex) operation fund of KAERI by MSIT (Ministry of Science and ICT).
The Korea Multi-purpose Accelerator Complex (KOMAC) 100 MeV proton linac operates with the timing system to change real-time timing parameters for low and high-flux proton beam utilization. The main requirements are to synchronize the operation of the facility including linac, target, and diagnostics, to provide a variable beam repetition rate up to 60 Hz, and to support post-mortem analysis when a beam trip occurs. The timing system, which consists of one event generator and eleven event receivers, is configured to control the beam gate and beam sequence to distribute the proton beam to the beam line. Corresponding to user’s demands, beam gate should be controlled, and the beam distribution must be precisely synchronized with the main reference signal. The timing system is configured with sequence logic for beam gate control, and the timing events can trigger the software to perform actions including beam on or off, post-mortem data acquisition, and beam distribution on the beam lines. The results of the timing control system for the beam gate and beam distribution are presented.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2019-MOPHA138

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paper received ※ 30 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 10 October 2019 issue date ※ 30 August 2020

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TUBPR01

The Distributed Oscilloscope: A Large-Scale Fully Synchronised Data Acquisition System Over White Rabbit

725

D. Lampridis, T. Gingold, M. Malczak, F. Vaga, T. Włostowski, A. Wujek
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
M. Malczak
Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Electronic Systems, Warsaw, Poland

A common need in large scientific experiments is the ability to monitor by means of simultaneous data acquisition across the whole installation. Data is acquired as a result of triggers which may either come from external sources, or from internal triggering of one of the acquisition nodes. However, a problem arises from the fact that once the trigger is generated, it will not arrive to the receiving nodes simultaneously, due to varying distances and environmental conditions. The Distributed Oscilloscope (DO) concept attempts to address this problem by leveraging the sub-nanosecond synchronization and deterministic data delivery provided by White Rabbit (WR) and augmenting it with automatic discovery of acquisition nodes and complex trigger event scheduling, in order to provide the illusion of a virtual oscilloscope. This paper presents the current state of the DO, including work done on the FPGA and software level to enhance existing acquisition hardware, as well as a new protocol based on existing industrial standards. It also includes test results obtained from a demonstrator based on two digitizers separated by a 10 km optical fiber, used as a showcase of the DO concept.

Slides TUBPR01 [10.026 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2019-TUBPR01

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paper received ※ 27 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 10 October 2019 issue date ※ 30 August 2020

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TUBPR02

A 4-Channel, 7 ns-Delay Tuning Range, 400 fs-Step, 1.8 ps RMS Jitter, Delay Generator Implemented in a 180 nm CMOS Technology

733

F.C. Badets, G.A. Billiot, S. Bouquet, B. Caillat, A. Fustier, F. Lepin, C. Magnier, G. Regis, A. Spataro
CEA, Grenoble, France
D. Monnier-Bourdin, B. Riondet
Greenfield Technology, Massy, France

This paper discloses the integration, in a 180 nm CMOS technology, of a 4-channel delay generator dedicated to synchronization down to a few ps. The delay generation principle relies on the linear charge of a capacitor triggered by the input pulse. The output pulse generation occurs when the capacitor voltage exceeds a threshold voltage. The delay full scale is automatically set to match the period of the master clock, ranging from 5-7 ns, with the help of an embedded calibration circuit. The delay value is controlled with the help of a 14-bit DAC setting the threshold voltage, which leads to a 400 fs delay step. Among other features, the chip embeds a combination mode of either 2 or 4 channels to output narrow width pulses. The chip is fully compliant with LVDS, LVPECL and CML differential input pulses and outputs LVPECL pulses. The chip has been fully characterized over temperature (0 to 60 °C) and supply voltage (± 10%). The chip is compliant with pulse repetition frequencies up to 20 MHz. The measured INL is 100 LSB and the RMS jitter is 1.8 ps. The power consumption has been measured to 350 mW for 4 active channels.

Slides TUBPR02 [5.312 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2019-TUBPR02

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paper received ※ 30 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 09 October 2019 issue date ※ 30 August 2020

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TUBPR03

Major Upgrade of the HIT Accelerator Control System Using PTP and TSN Technology

738

A. Peters, J.M. Mosthaf, C. Schömers
HIT, Heidelberg, Germany

Two important reasons led to the first developments for a new ACS for the HIT ion therapy accelerator complex: a) the first implementation of the ACS was done in 2003-2005 resulting in well-functioning, but mostly proprietary solutions more and more components of e.g. the specially built device control units (DCUs*) are becoming discontinued, thus a new realization using standard SoCs or similar is necessary; b) new functionality like multiple energy operation** should enhance the duty factor of the accelerator facility resulting in significantly higher patient irradiation efficiency. In cooperation with our commercial partner we are investigating the newly available deterministic Ethernet technologies like "Time-Sensitive Networking" with several IEEE 802.1xx standards. Early TSN implementations in embedded controller boards and switches were obtained in a test installation in autumn of 2018 to study feasibility, e.g. the required timing precision using PTP (resp. IEEE 802.1AS-Rev) to realize a "one-wire-ACS" based on Ethernet only for deterministic data transfer and message based triggers for synchronized ACS functions. We will report on our test bench experiences.
*R. Baer, Status and conceptual design of the control system for … HICAT, ICALEPCS 2005
**M. Galonska, Multi-energy trial operation of the HIT medical synchrotron, IPAC 2017

Slides TUBPR03 [3.816 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2019-TUBPR03

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paper received ※ 02 October 2019 paper accepted ※ 09 October 2019 issue date ※ 30 August 2020

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TUBPR04

The Fault Diagnosis of Event Timing System in SuperKEKB

741

D. Wang
Sokendai, Ibaraki, Japan
K. Furukawa, H. Kaji, M. Satoh, H. Sugimura
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
Y. Iitsuka
EJIT, Hitachi, Ibaraki, Japan
T. Kudou, S. Kusano
Mitsubishi Electric System & Service Co., Ltd, Tsukuba, Japan

Funding: Work supported China Scholarship Council
The new MRF event timing system is one of the most important components to maintain the reliable and stable operation of the SuperKEKB project. This system is utilized to distribute high precision level timing signals and accompanying control instructions to synchronize different subsystems and machines. Event generator (EVG) generates signals of different beam modes every 50 Hz pulse which contains several event codes while Event receivers (EVR) receives them and output signals to dedicated devices all over the installation. To certain these events are consistent during the distribution, an event fault diagnosis system is essentially needed. An EVR based event timing diagnostic system is thus developed by modifying the driver support module to provide a log system of persistent event data as well as comparing the received event codes with the beam injector pattern, detecting the event timing interval fault and notifying the results by email every day. Then, we are able to locate the fault, analyze the data, fix bugs or replace hardware and resume accelerator operation quickly.

Slides TUBPR04 [2.076 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2019-TUBPR04

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paper received ※ 30 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 10 October 2019 issue date ※ 30 August 2020

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TUBPR05

LEReC Timing Synchronization with RHIC Beam

746

P.K. Kankiya, M.R. Costanzo, J.P. Jamilkowski
BNL, Upton, New York, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy
In RHIC low energy bunched beam cooling experiment, LEReC, a 704 MHz fiber laser is modulated such that when striking a photocathode, it produces corresponding electron bunches which are accelerated and transported to overlap an ion beam bunched at 9 MHz RF frequency The need for precise timing is handled well by the existing infrastructure. A layer of software application called the timing manager has been created to track the LEReC beam concerning the RHIC beam and allow instruments to be fired in real-time units instead of bunch timing or RHIC turns. The manager also automates set-tings of different modes based on the RF frequency and maintains the timing of instrumentation with a beam. A detailed description of the bunch structure and scheme of synchronizing the RF and laser pulses will be discussed in the paper.

Slides TUBPR05 [4.693 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2019-TUBPR05

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paper received ※ 04 October 2019 paper accepted ※ 09 October 2019 issue date ※ 30 August 2020

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TUBPR06

Laser Megajoule Timing System

749

T. Somerlinck, T. Falgon
CEA, LE BARP cedex, France
N. Bazoge, S. Hocquet, D. Monnier-Bourdin
Greenfield Technology, Massy, France

The aim of the Laser Megajoule facility (LMJ) is to deliver more than 1 MJ of laser energy to targets for high energy density physics experiments. In association with Greenfield Technology, we developed a specific timing system to synchronize the 176 laser beams on the target with a precision better than 40 ps rms and to trigger and mark plasma diagnostics. The final architecture, settled and used since three years, is based on a master oscillator that sends a clock with serial data through a fiber-optic network, allowing to synchronize more than 500 delay generators spread over the large LMJ facility. The settings of each laser beam and the various experiments require different sampling rates (multi to single shot) and 16 groups for coactivity. Three kinds of delay generators, electrical and optical, are designed for standard precision (<150 ps jitter) and the third is designed for high precision. Each output deliver trigger or fiducial signals with jitter down to 5 ps and peak-to-peak wander less than 10 ps over a week. Test performance of this LMJ timing system is in progress all over the LMJ facility. Besides it will be installed on the petawatt laser (PETAL) this year.

Slides TUBPR06 [58.283 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2019-TUBPR06

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paper received ※ 30 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 10 October 2019 issue date ※ 30 August 2020

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WEMPR009

Development of Event Receiver on Zynq-7000 Evaluation Board

1063

WEPHA149

use link to see paper's listing under its alternate paper code

H. Sugimura
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

The timing system of SuperKEKB accelerator is used Event Timing System developed by Micro Research Finland. In this presentation, we tested the receiver on Zynq7000 evaluation board. The serialized event data are transferred from Event Generator to Event Receiver by using GTX transceiver. So, we selected Zynq7000(7z030) as receiver, because the FPGA has the GTX. And also, Zynq is mounted on arm processor, it is easily able to control received event data stream by using EPICS ICO. Finally we are aiming to combine event system and RF or BPM system in one FPGA board.

Poster WEMPR009 [0.572 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2019-WEMPR009

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paper received ※ 17 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 09 October 2019 issue date ※ 30 August 2020

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WEPHA027

Evaluation of Timing and Synchronization Techniques on NI CompactRIO Platforms

1141

O.Ø. Andreassen, C. Charrondière, K. Develle, R.E. Rossel, T. Zilliox
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

For distributed data acquisition and control system, clock synchronization between devices is key. The internal CPU clock of a CompactRIO has an accuracy of 40 ppm at 25 degree Celsius, which can cause up to 3 sec of drift per day. To compensate for this drift, common practice is to use a central clock (such as NTP) to synchronize the systems. In addition, the cRIO has an onboard FPGA which has its own 40 MHz clock. This clock is not synchronized with the CPU, and will also cause time drift. For short measurements, this drift is usually negligible, but for continuous data acquisition systems, running 24/7, the accumulated error has to be compensated. This article will show how we synchronized all clocks across multiple systems used for monitoring seismic activities in the LHC underground and surface areas. It will also describe the mechanism used to cross check synchronization by using the CERN developed White Rabbit timing system.

Poster WEPHA027 [0.567 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2019-WEPHA027

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paper received ※ 26 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 19 October 2019 issue date ※ 30 August 2020

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WEPHA071

Timing System Integration with MTCA at ESS

1264

J.J. Jamróz, J. Cereijo García, T. Korhonen, J.H. Lee
ESS, Lund, Sweden

European Spallation Source (ESS) organization has selected cutting-edge technologies to satisfy performance and scalability expectations: - Micro Telecommunications Computing Architecture (MTCA). - Micro Research Finland (MRF) based timing system with delay compensation. - Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS). To achieve optimal data acquisition quality, the control system is built on top of the timing system which gives the same absolute time reference to all EPICS process variables (PVs). The MTCA system gives configurable cableless access to manage connections among different electronic mezzanine cards, therefore reducing installation workload.

Poster WEPHA071 [1.322 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2019-WEPHA071

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paper received ※ 30 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 10 October 2019 issue date ※ 30 August 2020

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WEPHA096

Timing Signal Distribution for Synchrotron Radiation Experiments Using RF Over White Rabbit

1316

T. Masuda
JASRI, Hyogo, Japan

In synchrotron radiation experiments, some measurements such as nuclear resonant scattering, time-of-flight, and time-resolved measurements necessitate an RF clock and fundamental revolution frequency (zero-address) signals synchronized with a storage ring. Currently, these timing signals are delivered directly over dedicated cables from an accelerator timing station to each experimental station. Considering the upcoming IoT era, it is preferable that these signals can be distributed over a network based on digital technology. Therefore, I am building a proof of concept system (PoCS) that will achieve distributions of the 508.58 MHz clock and the zero-address signals synchronized with the storage ring using RF over White Rabbit*. The PoCS consists of a master node, which receives the RF clock and the zero-address signals from the accelerator, and two slave nodes which generate timing signals near experimental stations. Each node employs a SPEC** board and a new FMC DDS***. The slave node will be able to output the RF clock with the arbitrary division rate and phase after reproducing the 508.58 MHz clock. This paper will describe the achieved functions and performance of the PoCS.
*https://ohwr.org/project/wr-d3s
**https://ohwr.org/project/spec
***https://ohwr.org/project/fmc-dac-600m-12b-1cha-dds

Poster WEPHA096 [2.200 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2019-WEPHA096

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paper received ※ 02 October 2019 paper accepted ※ 10 October 2019 issue date ※ 30 August 2020

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WEPHA103

Backward Compatible Update of the Timing System of WEST

1338

Y. Moudden, A. Barbuti, G. Caulier, T. Poirier, B. Santraine, B. Vincent
CEA/DRF/IRFM, St Paul Lez Durance, France

Between 2013 and 2016, the tokamak Tore Supra in operation at Cadarache (CEA-France) since 1988 underwent a major upgrade following which it was renamed WEST (Tungsten [W] Environment in Steady state Tokamak). The synchronization system however was not upgraded since 1999*. At the time, a robust design was achieved based on AMD’s TAXI chip**: clock and events are distributed from a central emitter over a star shaped network of simplex optical links to electronic crates around the tokamak. Unfortunately, spare boards were not produced in sufficient quantities and the TAXI is obsolete. In fact, multigigabit serial communication standards question the future availability of any such low rate SerDeses. Designing replacement boards provides an opportunity for a new CDR solution and extended functionalities (loss-of-lock detection, latency monitoring). Backward compatibility is a major constraint given the lack of resources for a full upgrade. We will first describe the current state of the timing network of WEST, then the implementation of a custom CDR in full firmware, using the IOSerDeses of Xilinx FPGAs and will finally provide preliminary results on development boards.
*"Upgrade of the timing system for Tore Supra long pulses", D. Moulin et al. IEEE RealTime Conference 1999
**http://hep.uchicago.edu/~thliu/projects/Pulsar/other_doc/TAXIchip.pdf

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2019-WEPHA103

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paper received ※ 30 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 03 October 2020 issue date ※ 30 August 2020

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WEPHA105

Beam Synchronous Data Acquisition Using the Virtual Event Receiver

1347

G. Mun, J. Hu, H.-S. Kang, C. Kim, G. Kim, W.W. Lee
PAL, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea

The 4th generation light source, PAL-XFEL, is an X-ray free electron laser in Pohang, Korea. One of key features of the event timing system in the PAL-XFEL, the beam synchronous acquisition is used in many beam diagnostics and analysis and the species of that increase gradually. In order to reduce the cost for event receivers which are required for operating the beam synchronous acquisition and to resolve the difficulty of the limited platform dependent on event receivers, we developed the virtual event receiver system receiving timestamps and BSA information from an event generator not using real event receivers. In this paper, we introduce the software architecture of the virtual event receiving system and present test results of it.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS2019-WEPHA105

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paper received ※ 18 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 10 October 2019 issue date ※ 30 August 2020

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