EPAC08 - List of Keywords (lattice)

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lattice

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOPC014	Optimization of the Focusing Lattice for European XFEL	simulation, undulator, focusing, radiation	97
	V. G. Khachatryan, A. Tarloyan, V. M. Tsakanov CANDLE, Yerevan W. Decking DESY, Hamburg V. V. Sahakyan YSU, Yerevan
	Detailed knowledge of the impact of the undulator section focusing lattice on the FEL performance is an important issue to ensure the stable operation of the facility with reliable tolerances. In this paper the results of numerical simulation studies for the European XFEL project are presented. The saturation length, saturation power and the spectral brightness of the SASE FEL are calculated for various focusing lattice arrangements. A focusing optics option with reduced number of FODO cells is discussed to reach the design goals with relaxed quadrupole magnet tolerances. The numerical simulations are performed using the SIMPLEX and GENESIS codes.

MOPC049	Comparative Study of Vibration Stability at Operating Light Source Facilities and Lessons Learned in Achieving NSLS II Stability Goals	site, ground-motion, storage-ring, electron	181
	N. Simos, M. Fallier BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York H. Amick Colin Gordon, Associates, San Bruno
	Understanding the correlation between storage ring vibration and electron beam oscillation is key in achieving the design beam parameters of a 3rd generation light source. Spectral properties of the vibration at the storage ring floor, in addition to amplitude, and its relation to the dynamic properties of the lattice govern the complex relation between lattice movement and beam jitter. Spectral characteristics are, in general, site-specific and motions exhibit spatial variability. To best describe the relationship between the ground motion field at the NSLS II site and the accelerator while quantifying the storage ring oscillations resulting from its interaction with the undisturbed site, field studies have been conducted at various light source facilities. By using the same metric data characterizing the achieved stability levels in operating light sources are generated and used in the assessment of the NSLS II stability which in turn linked to the specific site, subsurface and design characteristics. The paper summarizes the results of these comprehensive findings and presents an overall assessment of stability levels that can be achieved. Work performed under the auspices of the US DOE.

MOPC053	BEAM DYNAMICS IN THE LASER-ELECTRON STORAGE RING FOR A COMPTON X-RAY SOURCE	laser, electron, photon, scattering	187
	P.-CH. Yu, W.-H. Huang, C.-X. Tang, Y. Wang TUB, Beijing
	We present the lattice analysis and simulation study of the beam dynamics in the pulse mode of the laser-electron storage ring. Compton Scattering (CS), Intra-beam Scattering (IBS) with non-Gaussian beam and Synchro-tron Radiation (SR) are taken into consideration. Emittance growth, energy spread and phase space of the electron beam, as well as spatial and temporal distribution of the scattered photon are studied in this paper.

MOPC059	BBU Limitations for ERLs	dipole, linac, beam-transport, recirculation	199
	E. Wooldridge, C. D. Beard, P. A. McIntosh, B. D. Muratori, S. L. Smith STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire
	The BBU threshold in ERLs is a limitation on the maximum beam current due to the interaction of the electron bunches and the Higher Order Modes (HOMs) contained within the RF cavities. Several factors are involved in determining the threshold current; from the cavity the Q, R/Q and degeneracy of the modes all play an important part. From the beam transport the values of the lattice functions α, β and μ have an effect. We will discuss the limits on these variables to provide a BBU current threshold greater than 100 mA for a multiple cavity machine and what will be required to provide higher currents. Also three different cavity profiles were investigated with the aim of reducing the BBU threshold. The TESLA 9-cell cavity was used as a baseline for comparison against possible 7-cell cavity designs, using the TESLA cell shape for their inner cells. The ends of the 7-cell cavities join to different sized beampipes, with radii of 39 mm and 54 mm, to allow the most of the HOMs to propagate to a broadband HOM absorber. Two different beampipe to cavity to transitions were investigated. The optimised 7-cell cavity will be shown to provide an increase in the BBU threshold.

MOPC060	Transverse Resistive-wall Wake of a Round Pipe with Finite Thickness and its Effect on the ERL Multi-bunch Beam	impedance, simulation, vacuum, injection	202
	N. Nakamura ISSP/SRL, Chiba
	We already started to study the effect of resistive-wall wake on the multi-bunch beam in an ERL (energy recovery linac)-based light source, because resistive-wall beam breakup(RWBBU) could be caused by the cumulative transverse wake generated by interaction between the resistive vacuum pipe and the intense multi-bunch beam. However the resistive-wall wake function of a round pipe used so far for studying the RWBBU was valid only in a limited time range and improper to the RWBBU simulation for a longer time period. Therefore we analytically derived an exact expression of resistive-wall impedance of a round pipe with finite thickness over all the frequency range and numerically calculated the resistive-wall wake functions of several different pipes from the exact impedance expression. The calculated wake functions enabled us to study and simulate the beam behavior in an ERL made of the pipes accurately. We will present the transverse resistive-wall wake of a round pipe with finite thickness and its effect on the ERL multi-bunch beam. N. Nakamura et al., Proceedings of PAC07, Albuquerque, June 2007, pp. 1010-1012.

MOPC111	Lattice Studies for Spin-filtering Experiments at COSY and AD	target, quadrupole, antiproton, proton	322
	A. Garishvili, A. N. Nass, E. Steffens University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Physikalisches Institut II, Erlangen A. Lehrach, B. Lorentz, R. Maier, F. Rathmann, R. Schleichert, H. Ströher FZJ, Jülich P. Lenisa, M. Statera INFN-Ferrara, Ferrara S. A. Martin UGS, Langenbernsdorf
	In the framework of the FAIR project, the PAX collaboration has proposed a research program based on polarized antiprotons. Polarized antiprotons are to be produced by spin-dependent attenuation on a polarized hydrogen target. For a better understanding of this mechanism it is planned to perform Spin-Filtering studies with protons at COSY (Jülich). In a second phase, it is envisioned to study Spin-Filtering with antiprotons at the AD (CERN). Which will allow for the determination of the total spin-dependent transverse and longitudinal cross sections. In order to achieve the required long storage times, a storage ring section has to be developed which minimizes the spin-independent losses due to Coulomb scattering. The Coulomb-loss cross section for single scattering losses at fixed energy is proportional to the acceptance angle. Therefore, at the target point the beta functions should be as small as possible. Fot the 'low-beta' section, superconducting quadrupole magnets are utilized. It is composed of two (COSY) and three (AD) SC quadrupoles on each side of the target. Results of the lattice studies and requirements for the superconducting quadrupole magnets will be discussed

MOPC112	HESR Linear Lattice Design	target, electron, antiproton, betatron	325
	B. Lorentz, A. Lehrach, R. Maier, D. Prasuhn, H. Stockhorst, R. Tölle FZJ, Jülich
	The High Energy Storage Ring (HESR) is a part of the future Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) at GSI in Darmstadt. The ring is used for hadron physics experiments with a pellet target and the PANDA detector, and will supply antiprotons of momenta from 1.5 GeV/c to 15 GeV/c. The ring will consist of two 180 degree bending sections (arcs) of 157 m length, each, and two 132 m long straight sections. In one of the straight sections the PANDA experiment will be installed, the other straight section will be equipped with a High Energy Electron Cooler. A longitudinal and transverse stochastic cooling system will be used in the momentum range from 3.8 GeV/c to 15 GeV/c. Adjustment of beta functions at target and electron cooler, to achieve highest beam lifetimes, most efficient cooling and highest luminosities are the main design requirements. The basic design consists of FODO cell structures in the arcs. The arc quadrupole magnets are grouped into four families, to allow a flexible adjustment of transition energy, horizontal and vertical tune, and dispersion. The details of the linear lattice and operation modes will be discussed in this presentation.

MOPC117	Hybrid Snake Spin Resonance in RHIC	resonance, sextupole, coupling, betatron	337
	V. H. Ranjbar, D. T. Abell Tech-X, Boulder, Colorado M. Bai, A. U. Luccio BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York
	Simulations reveal a potential polarization loss during low beta squeeze. This depolarization appears to be driven by a spin tune modulation caused by spin precession through the strong low beta quads due to the vertical fields. The modulation of the spin tune introduces an additional snake resonance condition at ν_s0 ± n ν_x - ν_z l = integer which while the same numerology as the well known sextupole resonance, can operate in the absence of sextupole elements.

MOPC124	Ion Optical Design of SIS100 and SIS300	ion, extraction, quadrupole, dipole	358
	J. Stadlmann, G. Franchetti, B. J. Franczak, M. Kirk, N. Pyka, A. Saa-Hernandez, P. J. Spiller GSI, Darmstadt
	The ion optical layout of the two synchrotrons SIS100/300 of the FAIR project is presented. SIS100 will provide high intensity ion beams of all species from H to U up to a magnetic rigidity of 100 Tm. To minimize the space charge effects and to reach the necessary ion intensities for the FAIR project SIS100 will be operated with intermediate charge state heavy ions (U²⁸⁺). The ion optical layout of SIS100 has been optimized for this purpose. The layout assures the separation of beam particles which are ionized by collisions with residual gas molecules from the circulating beam. Since SIS100 and SIS300 will be installed in the same tunnel, the lattice layout of SIS300 has to follow precisely the geometry of SIS100. SIS300 will provide beams of highly charged heavy ions with a maximum rigidity of 300 Tm. In addition, it will function as a stretcher ring for SIS100. The beam transfer system from SIS100 to SIS300 is designed to fit in a single straight section of the two machines. The effect of dynamic field errors in SIS300 has been considered and the maximum tolerable error levels for the operation of SIS100, such as tracking errors and power supply ripples have been investigated.

MOPC129	Lattice without Transition Energy for the Future PS2	dipole, betatron, quadrupole, sextupole	370
	D. Trbojevic, S. Peggs BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York Y. Papaphilippou, R. de Maria CERN, Geneva
	The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) will be commissioned very soon. Improvements of the LHC injection complex are considered in the upgrade possibilities. In the injection complex it is considered that the aging Proton Synchrotron (PS) would be replaced with a new fast cycling synchrotron PS2. The energy range would be from 5-50 GeV with a repetition rate of 0.3 Hz. This is a report on the PS2 lattice design using the Flexible Momentum Compaction (FMC) method. The design is trying to fulfill many requirements: high compaction factor, racetrack shape with two long zero dispersion straight sections, circumference fixed to a value of 1346 meters (CPS2=15/77 CPS), using normal conducting magnets and avoiding the transition energy. D. Trbojevic et al. ”Design Method for High Energy Accelerator Without Transition Energy”, EPAC 90, Nice, June 12-16 (1990) pp. 1536-1538.

MOPP001	Beam-Based Alignment for the CLIC Decelerator	alignment, quadrupole, simulation, dipole	547
	E. Adli, D. Schulte CERN, Geneva
	The CLIC Drive Beam decelerator requires the beam to be transported with very small losses. Beam-based alignment is necessary in order to achieve this, and various beam-based alignment schemes have been tested for the decelerator lattice. The decelerator beam has an energy spread of up to 90%, which impacts the performance of the alignment schemes. We have shown that Dispersion-Free-Steering works well for the decelerator lattice. However, because of the transverse focusing approach, modifications of the normal DFS schemes must be applied. Tune-up scenarios for the CLIC decelerator using beam-based alignment are also discussed.

MOPP002	A Study of Failure Modes in the CLIC Decelerator	quadrupole, simulation, linac, power-supply	550
	E. Adli, D. Schulte, I. Syratchev CERN, Geneva
	The CLIC Drive Beam decelerator is responsible for producing the RF power for the main linacs, using Power Extraction and Transfer Structures (PETS). To provide uniform power production, the beam must be transported with very small losses. In the paper failure modes for the operation of the decelerator are investigated, and the impact on beam stability, loss level and machine protection issues is presented. Quadrupole failure, PETS inhibition and PETS break down scenarios are being considered.

MOPP028	Technical Specification for the CLIC Two-Beam Module	quadrupole, alignment, vacuum, linac	607
	G. Riddone, H. Mainaud Durand, D. Schulte, I. Syratchev, W. Wuensch, R. Zennaro CERN, Geneva R. Nousiainen HIP, University of Helsinki A. Samoshkin JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region
	The 2-m long CLIC module comprises four decelerating structures and two quadrupoles forming a FODO cell. Each decelerating structure powers two accelerating structures. Some accelerating structures are removed at regular intervals to liberate space for a quadrupole of a FODO lattice. The present layout of the standard and special modules is presented as well as the status of the system integration. The main requirements for the different sub-systems (alignment, supporting, stabilization, cooling and vacuum) are introduced together with the major integration constraints. For the key components the specification on pre-alignment and beam-based alignment tolerances is also recalled as well as their influence on the requirements of other sub-systems. For example the required stable thermal behavior and the tight tolerances of accelerating structure (the requirements for the accelerating structure pre-alignment is 0.014 mm at 1? ) in the CLIC linac largely directly the sizing and integration of the cooling system. The paper also covers the main issues related to the module integration in the tunnel. In the last part, the critical issues and future activities are summarized.

MOPP055	A Comparison of Tuning Strategies for a Linear Collider Damping Ring	emittance, quadrupole, closed-orbit, damping	667
	J. K. Jones STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire
	Emittance preservation is an important aspect in the design and running of any new Linear Collider design, with a direct consequence on the luminosity of the machine. Damping rings provide the lower limit on achievable emittance, and so are designed to produce as small a vertical emittance as possible, not only for luminosity considerations, but also to relax tolerances in downstream, emittance diluting, systems. Maintaining such small emittances requires that the damping ring emittance is regularly “tuned”. Several methods of damping ring tuning are investigated, and analysed both in terms of their relative effectiveness, under a variety of conditions, and the non-monetary cost involved in implementing and using the various algorithms.

MOPP067	Coupling Correction Simulations for the ILC Damping Rings	emittance, damping, simulation, quadrupole	700
	K. G. Panagiotidis, A. Wolski Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire
	The ILC damping rings are specified to operate with a vertical emittance of 2 pm. To achieve this challenging goal, an effective diagnostic and correction system will be needed; however, BPMs add impedance to the ring, and diagnostics and correctors add complexity and cost. It is therefore desirable to understand how the final achievable emittance depends on the numbers, locations, and performance of the BPMs and correctors, and to determine the minimum number of these components required. We present the results of simulations for the damping rings, indicating the effectiveness of coupling correction for different design scenarios of the diagnostics and correction systems.

MOPP090	Incorporating RF into a Muon Helical Cooling Channel	emittance, quadrupole, vacuum, simulation	760
	S. A. Kahn, M. Alsharo'a, R. P. Johnson Muons, Inc, Batavia D. R. Broemmelsiek, A. Jansson, V. Kashikhin, V. S. Kashikhin, A. L. Klebaner, G. F. Kuznetsov, G. V. Romanov, A. V. Shemyakin, D. Sun, K. Yonehara, A. V. Zlobin Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois L. Thorndahl CERN, Geneva
	A helical cooling channel (HCC) consisting of a pressurized gas absorber imbedded in a magnetic channel that provides solenoidal, helical dipole and helical quadrupole fields has shown considerable promise in providing six-dimensional cooling for muon beams. The energy lost by muons traversing the gas absorber needs to be replaced by inserting RF cavities into the lattice. Replacing the substantial muon energy losses using RF cavities with reasonable gradients will require a significant fraction of the channel length be devoted to RF. However, to provide the maximum phase space cooling and minimal muon losses, the helical channel should have a short period and length. In this paper we shall examine three approaches to include RF cavities into the HCC lattice: Use higher frequency cavities that can be placed inside the magnetic channel, Interleave cavities between magnetic coil rings, and Place banks of RF cavities between segments of HCC channels. Each of these approaches has positive and negative features that need to be evaluated in selecting the proper concept for including RF into the HCC system.

MOPP162	Titanium Nitride Coating of RF Ceramic Windows by Reactive DC Magnetron Sputtering	vacuum, target, electron, controls	931
	V. Variola, H. Jenhani, W. Kaabi, P. Lepercq LAL, Orsay G. Keppel, V. Palmieri, F. Strada INFN/LNL, Legnaro, Padova
	Alumina is a common material for RF windows. Besides its high dielectric strength, it is stable under thermal treatment and has a low out-gassing rate. Nevertheless it has a high secondary electron emission (SEE) coefficient, which leads to multipactor limiting the achievable RF power. One way to suppress the multipactor on RF windows is to coat it with a low SEE-thin TiN film. In the frame of the LAL coupler program a sputtering bench has been developed. It is equipped with two magnetrons and titanium targets. A special rotating holder was designed to allow uniform deposition on cylindrical windows. RF etching of the substrate as a pre-treatment step is allowed, in order to remove particle contamination and to increase TiN adhesion. The TiN sputtering needs the optimisation of gas and electrical parameters. XRD analysis was performed to check the film composition and stoechiometry. The results show how to control the N2 vacancy acting on the gas flow. In addiction, the coating thickness must be optimized not to cause excessive ohmic heating, so multipactor thresholds measurements were done for different coating thickness. Thickness measurments showed a good uniformity.

TUOAG01	VEPP-2000 Electron-Positron Collider Commissioning and First Results of Round Colliding Beam Tests	electron, injection, vacuum, radiation	956
	Y. M. Shatunov, D. E. Berkaev, I. Koop, A. P. Lysenko, E. Perevedentsev, A. L. Romanov, P. Yu. Shatunov, D. B. Shwartz, A. N. Skrinsky BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk
	VEPP-2000 electron-positron collider construction has been completed in the Budker INP at the beginning of 2007 year. First beam was captured in a special lattice without final focus solenoids. In this regime all systems of power supplies, machine control and beam diagnostics were calibrated and tuned. In the same mode vacuum chamber treatment by synchrotron radiation was performed with electron beam current up to 150 mA. The first test of the round beam option was performed at the energy of 508 MeV with the solenoidal field 10 T in two interaction straight sections. Studies of the beam-beam interaction have been done in "weak-strong" and "strong-strong" regimes. Measurements of beam sizes in the both cases have indicated a beam behavior similar to expectations for the round colliding beams.
	Slides

TUXM01	Ultra Low Emittance Light Sources	emittance, optics, damping, controls	988
	J. Bengtsson BNL, Upton, New York
	The talk will cover the special issues for reaching sub-nm emittance in a storage ring. Effects of damping wigglers, intra-beam scattering and life-time issues, instabilities, dynamic aperature optimisation, control of optics, dispersion and orbit correction. Results and example of upgrades to existing machine and NSLS-II and Petra-III should be given. First priority
	Slides

TUPC009	Vertical Beam Profile Measurement and Analysis with X-ray Pinhole	emittance, dipole, synchrotron, alignment	1059
	M. J. Boland, M. J. Spencer ASP, Clayton, Victoria
	Imaging the electron beam profile at a synchrotron light source is commonly performed in the x-ray regime using a pinhole camera system. However, with machines pushing down the vertical emittance, including errors in source point optical parameters, pinhole manufacturing limitations and error analysis difficulties associated with diffraction and image capture, the pinhole imaging system has large errors, up to 50% for an emittance of a few picometre. An analysis has been done at the Australian Synchrotron (AS) looking at the effects of errors in determining the x-ray pinhole source point parameters.

TUPC088	Statistical Weighting of the MICE Beam	emittance, target, coupling, simulation	1260
	C. T. Rogers STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon
	Conventionally only average properties such as means and variances of charged particle beams are measured. Such a technique is limited in that it is challenging to measure moments beyond the second and certain correlations are difficult to measure. In the Muon Ionisation Cooling Experiment (MICE), the beam rate is sufficiently low that particles pass singly through the accelerator and measurements can be made of the position, time (relative to RF phase) and momentum of individual particles. This makes a number of new analysis tools available. In this paper two particular tools are studied: the analysis of third and higher beam moments and the ability to select an input beam based on such moments.

TUPP005	Application Programs for the Elettra Booster Commissioning and Operation	booster, optics, controls, power-supply	1535
	F. Iazzourene, V. Forchi', C. Scafuri ELETTRA, Basovizza, Trieste
	The application programs developed for the commissioning and operation of the new Elettra injector* are all based on the TANGO control system, a new high level framework and a beam optics module named Vicky*. The present paper summarizes the main developed application programs and their successful use during commissioning and operation of the new injector. "Overview of the Status of the Elettra Booster Project," these proceedings. **"Elettra New Full Injector High Level Software," C. Scafuri, F. Iazzourene, EPAC 2006.

TUPP006	Beam Test with a New Control System of Acceleration in HIMAC	acceleration, controls, synchrotron, bunching	1538
	M. Kanazawa NIRS, Chiba-shi K. Maeda Toshiba Corporation, Tokyo K. Watanabe Chiba University, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Chiba
	In the present acceleration system in HIMAC, acceleration frequency of a direct digital synthesizer is controlled with B-clock pulses of B+ and B- signals that correspond to 0.2 Gauss increment and decrement of dipole magnetic field. In the tested new control system, we will use only clock pulse whose clock rate is locked to the power line frequency. With this simple system, it is easy to build up the acceleration control system for multiple flat-top pattern. This pattern operation is expexted to use in the next irradiation system of spot-scanning in HIMAC. In this presentation, the used system and its beam tests will be presented.

TUPP028	Bunch Length and Impedance Measurements at SPEAR3	impedance, single-bunch, storage-ring, coupling	1595
	W. J. Corbett, W. X. Cheng, A. S. Fisher, X. Huang SLAC, Menlo Park, California
	A series of bunch length measurements have been made for different lattice configurations in SPEAR3 as a function of single-bunch current. The lattices include achromatic optics, low-emittance optics and short-bunch, low-momentum compaction optics (low-alpha). The streak-camera data clearly demonstrates effects of both resistive and reactive chamber impedance and shows levels of microwave instability threshold. In the low-alpha mode, signs of bunch length ‘bursting’ were observed. Fitted bunch-profile data, impedance calculations and bursting data are presented.

TUPP040	Intra Beam Scattering in Linear Accelerators, Especially ERLs	scattering, linac, simulation, radiation	1631
	G. Hoffstaetter, M. P. Ehrlichman, A. Temnykh CLASSE, Ithaca
	The theories of beam loss and emittance growth by Touschek and Intra Beam Scattering have been formulated for beams in storage rings. It is there that these effects have hitherto been important because of their large currents. However, there are linear accelerators where these effects become important when considering loss rates and radiation damage. Prime examples are high current Energy Recovery Linacs (ERLs), managing these scattering effects can become challenging, and not only because of the large current, but also because the deceleration of the spent beam increases relative energy spread and transverse oscillation amplitudes. In this paper we describe two ways of simulating particle loss by these scattering affects, both implemented in BMAD. One that yields the places where scattering occurs, and another that yields loss rates along the chamber walls. BMAD includes nonlinear beam dynamics, wake effects, and more, which allows a rather complete propagation of scattered particle. For the example of the ERL x-ray facility that Cornell plans to build, we demonstrate that these capabilities are very important for designing a functional radiation protection system.

TUPP085	Beam Dynamics Using Graphical Processing Units (GPUs)	extraction, simulation, collimation, beam-transport	1727
	R. Appleby, D. Bailey, M. D. Salt UMAN, Manchester
	Simulation of particle beam dynamics in accelerators is computationally expensive, and requires very high particle statistics and accuracy. Conventional beam tracking tools operate sequentially on particle phase space to compute the trajectories of particles through many turns of circular, and linear, machines. Graphical Processing Units (GPUs) utilise stream processing techniques to dramatically speed up parallel computational tasks, and offer considerable performance benefits to particle beam dynamics processing. In this paper, the stream processing beam dynamics code GPMAD is presented, which exploits the NVidia GPU processor, and demonstrates the considerable performance benefits to particle tracking calculations. The accuracy and speed of GPMAD is benchmarked using the Diamond Light Source BTS lattice, and the collimation system is evaluated.

TUPP091	WISE: a Simulation of the LHC Optics Including Magnet Geometrical Data	alignment, simulation, injection, optics	1744
	P. Hagen, M. Giovannozzi, J.-P. Koutchouk, T. Risselada, F. Schmidt, E. Todesco, E. Y. Wildner CERN, Geneva
	The beam dynamics in LHC strongly depends on the field quality and geometry of the magnets. A model of the LHC optics has been built, based on the information available at the end of the production as well as on statistical evaluations for the missing information The pre-processor WISE generates instances of the LHC field errors for the MAD X program, with the possibility of selecting various sources. This paper describes the progress since WISE was presented in EPAC06. The slot allocation in LHC is completed since all magnets are installed and interconnected. Geometric measurements have been added for all magnets. Furthermore, some statistical data is available relative to the precision of magnet installation (alignment) and tunnel movements. In this paper the code and the data are used to update the beta-beating estimate at injection and collision energy. The relevance of misalignments of the different magnets and their impact on beta-beating is compared to the sources that have been previously considered, i.e. the spread in the gradient of the cell quadrupoles and the uncertainty associated to the knowledge of the transfer functions of the stand-alone quadrupoles.

TUPP094	Recent Improvements in the Tracking Code PLACET	emittance, simulation, alignment, radiation	1750
	A. Latina, H. Burkhardt, G. Rumolo, D. Schulte, R. Tomas CERN, Geneva E. Adli University of Oslo, Oslo Y. Renier LAL, Orsay
	The Tracking Code PLACET has recently undergone several improvements. A redesign of its internal data structures and a new user interface based on the mathematical toolbox Octave have considerably expanded its simulation capabilities. Several new lattice elements, optimization algorithms and physics processes have been added to allow for more complete start-to-end simulations. The usage of the AML language and the Universal Parser Library extened its interfacing capability.

TUPP119	Lattice Design of a Carbon Ion Synchrotron for Cancer Therapy	extraction, resonance, betatron, synchrotron	1803
	H.-S. Kang, H. S. Suh PAL, Pohang, Kyungbuk
	A synchrotron accelerator for carbon ion cancer therapy was designed to be compact for a hospital based therapy facility. The circumference of the synchrotron is only 60 meter and the lattice is the FODO structure of 6 cells. Each cell has two dipole magnets with a angle of 30 degree. The lattice satisfies the requirement of Hardt condition for slow beam extraction which is to align the separatrices of different momenta of the particles.

TUPP147	Accelerator Driven Systems for Energy Production and Waste Transmutation	target, proton, simulation, acceleration	1854
	C. Bungau, S. C. Tygier Manchester University, Manchester R. J. Barlow UMAN, Manchester R. Cywinski University of Leeds, Leeds
	Due to their inherent safety features and waste transmutation potential, accelerator driven subcritical reactors (ADSRs) are the subject of research and development in almost all countries around the world. The neutrons needed to sustain fission are generated by the spallation process resulting from high energy protons impacting a target element installed at the centre of the core. In the present paper the possible benefits of FFAGs as accelerator drivers for ADSR systems are analysed. FFAGs afford fast acceleration as there is no need of synchronization between RF and magnets, high average current with large repetition rate and large acceptance. The present study also focuses on the Monte Carlo studies of the reactor core design. The impact of the subcriticallity, target material and proton beam energy on the ADSR performance was also examined. Entirely novel ADSR configurations involving multiple accelerator drivers and associated spallation targets within the reactor core have also been considered. Calculations were carried out using the GEANT4 simulation code.

WEPC004	Design Status of the Taiwan Photon Source	dynamic-aperture, booster, emittance, storage-ring	1986
	C.-C. Kuo, H.-P. Chang, H. C. Chao, P. J. Chou, K. S. Liang, W. T. Liu, G.-H. Luo, A. Rusanov, H.-J. Tsai, J. W. Tsai NSRRC, Hsinchu
	We report updated design works for a new 3-3.3 GeV synchrotron light source called Taiwan Photon Source (TPS). The lattice type of the TPS is a 24-cell DBA structure and the circumference is 518.4 m. The injector booster will be housed in the same tunnel. We present the lattice design, the accelerator physics issues and its expected performances.

WEPC010	Upgrade of the ESRF Accelerator Complex	undulator, insertion, insertion-device, storage-ring	2004
	P. Elleaume, J. C. Biasci, J-F. B. Bouteille, J. M. Chaize, J. Chavanne, L. Farvacque, L. Goirand, M. Hahn, L. Hardy, J. Jacob, R. Kersevan, J. M. Koch, J. M. Mercier, A. Panzarella, C. Penel, T. P. Perron, E. Plouviez, E. Rabeuf, J.-L. Revol, A. Ropert, K. B. Scheidt, D. Schmied, V. Serriere ESRF, Grenoble
	The ESRF, the first third generation synchrotron radiation source, opened its first beamline in 1994 and has been continuously developed since then to satisfy the user community. However, the need arose to make a major upgrade of the infrastructure and accelerator complex in order to fulfil the request for new scientific applications. The experimental Hall will be expanded and half of the beamlines reconstructed. The storage ring lattice will be modified to provide space for longer as well as a larger number of insertion devices. New insertion devices will be developed possibly based on in-vacuum permanent magnets at cryogenic temperature. The electron beam positioning system will be rebuilt to provide a higher photon beam stability. The RF system will face a major reconstruction with a new type of RF transmitters and HOM damped cavities allowing stable operation at a ring current of 300 mA without feedback. The injector system will be upgraded to operate the 16 and 4 bunch fillings in the top-up mode in order to increase the average current and obtain a higher photon beam stability. ESRF Science and Technology Programme, 2008-2017.

WEPC011	Using Multi-bend Achromats in Synchrotron Radiation Sources	vacuum, dipole, emittance, sextupole	2007
	M. Eriksson, A. Hansson, S. C. Leemann, L.-J. Lindgren, M. Sjöström, E. J. Wallén MAX-lab, Lund L. Rivkin, A. Streun PSI, Villigen
	Multi-bend achromats offer small electron beam emittance, large energy acceptance and a good dynamic aperture. Two examples are discussed in the article, each using 7-bend achromats; a 12 achromat lattice and a 20 achromat one. Some possible technical solutions associated with the dense lattices are discussed: magnet technology, vacuum system and RF system. Some characteristics of the two rings are also presented; effects of Intra Beam Scattering, Touschek life-time and the electron beam parameter values.

WEPC013	Commissioning of Medium Emittance Lattice of HLS Storage Ring	emittance, radiation, brilliance, focusing	2013
	G. Feng, W. Li, L. Liu, L. Wang, H. Xu, S. C. Zhang USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui
	Hefei Light Source (HLS) is a second generation light source, whose emittance is about 160 nmrad in normal optics. Lowering beam emittance is the most effective measure to enhance light source brilliance. Considering beam lifetime limitation, a lattice with medium beam emittance was brought forward. Through distributed dispersion in straight section, the beam emittance was reduced to 80 nmrad. At same time, the betatron tunes were kept same as before. In this way, the focusing parameters can be tuned to new one smoothly. With the new lattice parameters, the brilliance of HLS is increased by two factors.

WEPC014	Beam Lifetime Studies of Hefei Advanced Light Source (HALS) Storage Ring	coupling, emittance, scattering, storage-ring	2016
	G. Feng, W. Li, L. Liu, L. Wang, C.-F. Wu, H. Xu, S. C. Zhang USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui
	Hefei Advanced Light Source (HALS) will be a high brightness light source with about 0.2nmrad emittance at 1.5GeV. Ultra low beam emittance and relatively low beam energy of HALS would result in poor beam lifetime. Comparing the beam-gas scattering and Touschek scattering effects, a conclusion can be drawn that Beam lifetime will be affected strongly by Touschek scattering. Touschek lifetime has been studied considering linear and nonlinear effects for the lattice structure. Relations between lifetime and RF cavity voltage, lifetime and emittance coupling, lifetime and gap heights of insertion devices have been calculated respectively. After the optimization, proper cavity voltage and emittance coupling are chosen to get about 1.06 hours of total lifetime including gas scattering losses effect. Installing a third harmonic RF cavity can lengthen the beam bunch to increase the total lifetime to about 3.85 hours. Top up injection operation will be applied to keep bunch current within the required value.

WEPC017	Short X-ray Pulse Generation in Taiwan Photon Source Using Deflecting Cavity	photon, electron, emittance, radiation	2025
	H. Ghasem IPM, Tehran G.-H. Luo NSRRC, Hsinchu
	We have purposed to use deflecting cavity for short X-ray pulses production in 3 GeV Taiwan Photon Source (TPS). Typical electron bunch length in TPS for 1.1MV RF gap voltage is about 5.7mm. Deflecting cavity generates correlation between longitudinal position and vertical momentum of particles in a bunch. Vertical kick of particle separates the photons that emit from ID vertically. Slit and asymmetric crystal in TPS beam line are used to compress the photon pulse duration. For a 60 m beam line of TPS, the operating of deflecting cavity up to 6MV voltage and eighth harmonic yields an FWHM pulse duration of radiated X-ray of about 0.48 ps for users.

WEPC022	Operation and Recent Developments at the ESRF	feedback, undulator, storage-ring, cryogenics	2028
	J.-L. Revol, J. C. Biasci, J-F. B. Bouteille, J. M. Chaize, J. Chavanne, P. Elleaume, L. Farvacque, G. Gautier, L. Goirand, M. Hahn, L. Hardy, J. Jacob, R. Kersevan, J. M. Koch, J. M. Mercier, I. Parat, C. Penel, T. P. Perron, E. Plouviez, A. Ropert, K. B. Scheidt, D. Schmied, V. Serriere ESRF, Grenoble
	The ESRF has been operating for a period close to fifteen years and is now looking towards an ambitious upgrade programme for the coming ten years. This paper reports on the performances achieved today with the ESRF storage ring, as well as developments accomplished and projects underway. These include a new filling mode for pump and probe experiments, the evolution of insertion devices, developments to improve beam stability, in particular transverse and longitudinal multibunch feedbacks, and the current increase from 200 to 300 mA. The upgrade of the lattice to accommodate longer straight sections and the new High Quality Power Supply system will also be presented. The machine reliability and the most important failures will be discussed. Finally, the use of an electronic logbook in routine operation will be presented, and the status on the control system including TANGO collaboration given.

WEPC039	PLS Upgrade Plan	emittance, insertion, booster, linac	2070
	T.-Y. Lee PAL, Pohang, Kyungbuk
	Pohang Light Source (PLS) has operated for 14 year successfully. To meet the request of the increasing user community, an upgrade plan of PLS is under consideration. The design goal is to achieve an emittance as low as 5 nm rad and to install as many insertion devices as possible. To minimize the necessary relocation of existing beamlines, the new lattice will still be a TBA. But, adopting combined function magnets, it is possible to achieve low emittance while the insertion straight is as long as 8.8 m where two insertion devices will be installed. The PLS upgrade plan and the lattice design will be presented in this paper.

WEPC045	Alternative Lattice Settings for ALBA Storage Ring	sextupole, optics, dynamic-aperture, resonance	2088
	M. Munoz, G. Benedetti, D. Einfeld, Z. Martí ALBA, Bellaterra
	ALBA is a 3 GeV synchrotron light source under construction in Spain. The lattice for the standard operational mode is based in a DBA-like structure, with finite dispersion in the straight sections and extra space in the arcs. This solution provides small emittance with a large available space for insertion devices, RF and diagnostic components, and large dynamic aperture and energy acceptance. Other optic modes has been investigated, in order to facilitate the commissioning procedure or to provide different operating modes to the users: pure achromatic lattice, without dispersion in the straight section; achromatic arcs, where the dispersion is zero in the long straight; or a relaxed lattice, offering higher emittance. This paper review the performance of this alternative options, including the non-linear performance.

WEPC050	Future Plans for the Advanced Light Source	emittance, injection, synchrotron, brightness	2103
	D. Robin, H. Nishimura, G. J. Portmann, F. Sannibale, C. Steier LBNL, Berkeley, California
	The Advanced Light Source is now in its 15th year of operation. The facility has managed to continue to improve through continual upgrades to both the capabilities and capacities. Studies have shown that there is still plenty of room for improvements. Here we present plans to provide sustantial relevant improvements with modest cost.

WEPC051	Upgrade Plans for the ESRF Storage Ring Lattice	quadrupole, sextupole, resonance, simulation	2106
	A. Ropert, L. Farvacque ESRF, Grenoble
	The lattice of the ESRF storage ring is of the Double Bend Achromat type with 32 straight sections of alternating high and low horizontal beta values, currently providing 5 m of available space for insertion devices. As part of the ESRF Upgrade Programme, it is proposed to increase the length of selected insertion device straight sections from 5 to 7 m. In this paper, we will describe the different steps towards longer straight sections: implementation of a new lattice in which the straight section quadrupole triplets are replaced by doublets, design of modified straight sections with replacing the long quadrupoles by shorter ones and moving the adjacent sextupoles, experiments carried out to simulate the lattice symmetry breaking induced by a 7 m long straight section.

WEPC062	The SRS at Daresbury Laboratory: a Eulogy to the World's First Dedicated High-energy Synchrotron Radiation Source	storage-ring, synchrotron, wiggler, electron	2133
	D. J. Holder, N. G. Wyles STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire P. D. Quinn STFC/DL/SRD, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire
	2008 marks the last year of operation of the Synchrotron Radiation Source (SRS) at Daresbury Laboratory, which circulated its first 2 GeV beam in 1981. This paper provides a look back at the significant milestones passed on the way and records the achievements of many of those involved in its thirty-year programme. Many of the technologies and techniques developed at the SRS at Daresbury are now standard practice at synchrotron light sources around the world; and there are few light source laboratories that do not benefit from the skills of someone who spent their formative years working on the SRS. The provision of synchrotron light for the UK is now being met by DIAMOND, whose success is a testament to the skills of its designers, honed as they were on the SRS at Daresbury. These skills are now being used to design the UK’s next-generation light source, to provide the pulsed and longer-wavelength light that DIAMOND cannot.

WEPC065	The Lattice Design of Hefei Advanced Light Source (HALS) Storage Ring	emittance, insertion, insertion-device, radiation	2142
	L. Wang, G. Feng, W. Li, L. Liu, C.-F. Wu, H. Xu, S. C. Zhang USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui
	The purpose of Hefei Advanced Light Source is to provide high brilliant and coherent synchrotron radiation in the VUV and soft X-ray range to synchrotron radiation users. To enhance high brilliance and transverse coherent, very low beam emittance is required. The design goal of beam emittance is lower than 0.2 nmrad, whose synchrotron radiation is fully transverse coherent beyond the 2.5nm. Considering achievable undulator radiation spectrum and energy dependence of emittance, the energy of storage ring is set as 1.5GeV. Limiting the circumference of storage ring, the more dipole and strong focusing are needed for lowering emittance. On the other side, strong chromatic sextupoles are needed to compensate large natural chromaticity. The storage ring became strong nonlinear. The linear optics and nonlinear dynamics of HALS storage ring were introduced in this paper.

WEPC067	Optics for the ALBA Booster Synchrotron	booster, dipole, sextupole, quadrupole	2148
	G. Benedetti, D. Einfeld, Z. Martí, M. Munoz, M. Pont ALBA, Bellaterra
	The ALBA booster is a full energy injector of 3 GeV for top-up operation that will be installed in the same tunnel as the Storage Ring. Its large circumference of 249.6 m and the magnetic lattice with combined function bending magnets provide an equilibrium emittance as low as 9 nm rad. In this paper the linear optics functions, the aperture requirements and the gradient error tolerances in the dipoles and quadrupoles are discussed. The closed orbit correction scheme consists of 44 horizontal and 28 vertical correctors and 44 BPMs. A solution that requires a reduced number of BPMs has been studied as well. Chromaticity correction and dynamic aperture during the ramping have been also investigated. Finally, the injection and extraction schemes are described.

WEPC089	Status of the NSLS-II Injection System Design	injection, booster, storage-ring, linac	2198
	T. V. Shaftan, A. Blednykh, G. Ganetis, W. Guo, R. Heese, H.-C. Hseuh, E. D. Johnson, S. Krinsky, Y. J. Li, R. Meier, S. Ozaki, I. Pinayev, M. Rehak, J. Rose, S. Sharma, O. Singh, J. Skaritka, N. Tsoupas, F. J. Willeke, L.-H. Yu BNL, Upton, New York
	NSLS-II is a new ultra-bright 3rd generation 3GeV light source planned to be built at Brookhaven National Laboratory. The design of this facility is well under way. The requirement for the compact injector complex which has to continuously provide 3GeV electrons for top off injection into the storage ring is very demanding: high reliability, low loss, relatively high charge (10nC). The injector consists of linear accelerator, a full-energy booster, as well as transport lines and injection straight section. A large three dimensional dynamic aperture through the entire acceleration cycle in the booster synchrotron is required. Tolerances on pulsed magnets for the beam transfer are very tight in order to minimize injection losses and disturbance of the stored beam in the main ring. The components of the injector are optimized for high reliability and availability. In this paper we give an overview of the NSLS-II injector, discuss status, specifications and design challenges.

WEPC117	Influence of Insertion Devices on the ALBA Dynamic Aperture	wiggler, undulator, dynamic-aperture, betatron	2279
	E. B. Levichev, P. A. Piminov BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk D. Einfeld ALBA, Bellaterra
	Insertion devices can produce effects reducing the dynamic aperture in a storage ring. To study these effects for the ALBA light source the following insertion devices were inserted in the ALBA lattice: a superconducting wiggler SC-W31 with 31-mm-period and 2.1-T-field amplitude, and two Apple-II type PMM NdFeB undulators with periods of 62 mm (HU62) and 71 mm (HU71). Results of numerical study of the nonlinear beam dynamics by a 6D computer code are presented.

WEPD011	Development Work for a Short Curved Superconducting Dipole Magnet for the HESR at FAIR	dipole, storage-ring, antiproton, synchrotron	2425
	F. M. Esser, R. Greven, G. Hansen, F. Klehr, J. Schillings, H. Soltner, R. Tölle FZJ, Jülich
	Forschungszentrum Juelich has taken the leadership of a consortium being responsible for the design of the High-Energy Storage Ring (HESR) going to be part of the FAIR project at GSI. Within these activities a design for a short cosine-theta superconducting dipole has been carried out together with industry partners. Its length will be approximately one third of the original HESR dipole whereas all other design parameter will be the same. The main design criterion is the short bending radius of 15.3 m of the magnet implying that the coil itself has a curved shape. Beside the geometrical design of the cold mass, this paper will focus particularly on the finite element calculations from the assembly through the cool down to the operating temperature of the magnet. First manufacturing tests as well as a status report on the achievements so far will be presented and future plans will be discussed.

WEPD030	Feasibility Study of Combined Function Magnets for a NS-FFAG for Medical Applications	dipole, quadrupole, proton, ion	2476
	H. Witte, J. H. Cobb OXFORDphysics, Oxford, Oxon K. J. Peach JAI, Oxford
	Non-scaling fixed field alternating gradient (NS-FFAG) accelerators combine a number of advantages, such as rapid particle acceleration and large acceptance. These features make NS-FFAGs particularly interesting for medical applications. NS-FFAGs could be used for cancer therapy, which may lead to significant size and cost reductions in comparison to other accelerator types. Cancer therapy with protons or carbon ions is advantageous in comparison to conventional radiation treatment amongst other things due to the higher biological effectiveness. This paper discusses the basic magnet design issues for the PAMELA project. PAMELA is a prototype proton/carbon-ion therapy facility.

WEPP011	Setup and Performance of RHIC for the 2008 Run with Deuteron and Gold Collisions	luminosity, ion, injection, feedback	2548
	C. J. Gardner, N. P. Abreu, L. Ahrens, J. G. Alessi, M. Bai, D. S. Barton, J. Beebe-Wang, M. Blaskiewicz, J. M. Brennan, K. A. Brown, D. Bruno, J. J. Butler, P. Cameron, C. Carlson, R. Connolly, T. D'Ottavio, A. J. Della Penna, K. A. Drees, W. Fischer, W. Fu, G. Ganetis, J. W. Glenn, M. Harvey, T. Hayes, H. Huang, P. F. Ingrassia, J. Kewisch, R. C. Lee, V. Litvinenko, Y. Luo, W. W. MacKay, M. Mapes, G. J. Marr, A. Marusic, R. J. Michnoff, C. Montag, J. Morris, B. Oerter, F. C. Pilat, E. Pozdeyev, V. Ptitsyn, G. Robert-Demolaize, T. Roser, T. Russo, P. Sampson, J. Sandberg, T. Satogata, C. Schultheiss, F. Severino, K. Smith, D. Steski, S. Tepikian, R. Than, P. Thieberger, D. Trbojevic, N. Tsoupas, J. E. Tuozzolo, A. Zaltsman, K. Zeno, S. Y. Zhang BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York
	This year deuterons and gold ions were collided in the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) for the first time since 2003. The setup and performance of the collider for this run is reviewed with a focus on improvements that have led to an order of magnitude increase in luminosity since the 2003 run.

WEPP015	Experience with IBS-suppression Lattice in RHIC	luminosity, ion, emittance, heavy-ion	2557
	V. Litvinenko, M. Bai, D. Bruno, P. Cameron, R. Connolly, A. J. Della Penna, K. A. Drees, A. V. Fedotov, G. Ganetis, L. T. Hoff, W. Louie, Y. Luo, N. Malitsky, G. J. Marr, A. Marusic, C. Montag, F. C. Pilat, V. Ptitsyn, T. Roser, T. Satogata, S. Tepikian, D. Trbojevic, N. Tsoupas BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York
	An intra-beam scattering (IBS) is the limiting factor of the luminosity lifetime for RHIC operating with heavy ions. In order to suppress the IBS we designed and implemented new lattice with higher betatron tunes. This lattice had been developed during last three years and had been used for gold ions in yellow ring of the RHIC during d-Au part of the RHIC Run-8. The use of this lattice allowed both significant increases in the luminosity lifetime and the luminosity levels via reduction of beta-stars in the IPs. In this paper we report on the development, the tests and the performance of IBS-suppression lattice in RHIC, including the resulting increases in the peak and the average luminosity. We also report on our plans for future steps with the IBS suppression.

WEPP028	Flexible Momentum Compaction Return Arcs for RLAs	linac, acceleration, focusing, quadrupole	2578
	D. Trbojevic BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York S. A. Bogacz Jefferson Lab, Newport News, Virginia R. P. Johnson Muons, Inc, Batavia M. Popovic Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois
	Neutrino Factories and Muon Colliders require rapid acceleration of short-lived muons to multi-GeV and TeV energies. A Recirculating Linear Accelerator (RLA) that uses a single Linac and teardrop return arcs can provide exceptionally fast and economical acceleration to the extent that the focusing range of the RLA quadrupoles allows each muon to pass several times through each high-gradient cavity and the cost of the return arcs is appropriate. Flexible Momentum Compaction (FMC) lattice designs for the teardrop return arcs provide sufficient momentum acceptance to allow multiple passes of each sign of muon in one string of magnets to improve cost-effectiveness.

WEPP035	Study of Beam-beam Issue for KEKB Crab Crossing	luminosity, coupling, resonance, simulation	2596
	K. Ohmi, J. W. Flanagan, Y. Funakoshi, N. Iida, H. Koiso, A. Morita, Y. Ohnishi, K. Oide, Y. Seimiya KEK, Ibaraki
	A short lifetime at collision is one of the limits on luminosity performance at KEKB in crab crossing mode. The beam-beam halo was evaluated via simulation. The beam lifetime and profile were measured for various beam conditions, vertical emittances, tunes and collision offsets. We discuss why the lifetime is shortened by the beam-beam interaction.

WEPP040	New Low Emittance Lattices for the SuperB Accelerator Project	emittance, sextupole, luminosity, polarization	2608
	M. E. Biagini, M. Boscolo, P. Raimondi, S. Tomassini, M. Zobov INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma) S. Bettoni CERN, Geneva A. Bogomyagkov, I. Koop, E. B. Levichev, S. A. Nikitin, P. A. Piminov, D. N. Shatilov BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk E. Paoloni University of Pisa and INFN, Pisa J. Seeman, M. K. Sullivan, U. Wienands, W. Wittmer SLAC, Menlo Park, California
	New low emittance lattices (1.6 nm at 7 GeV, 2.8 nm at 4 GeV) have been designed for the asymmetric SuperB accelerator aiming at a luminosity of 10³⁶ cm^-2 s^-1. Main optics features are two alternating arc cells with different horizontal phase advance, in order to decrease beam emittance and allow at the same time for easy chromaticity correction in the arcs. Emittance can be further reduced by a factor of two for luminosity upgrade. New beam parameters have been chosen to fulfill the transparency conditions for 4x7 GeV beams, different from the asymmetric currents used in operating B-Factories. Beam polarization schemes have been studied and will be implemented in the lattice.

WEPP044	Commissioning the 90° Lattice for the PEP II High Energy Ring	synchrotron, luminosity, insertion, emittance	2617
	W. Wittmer, Y. Cai, W. X. Cheng, W. S. Colocho, F.-J. Decker, S. Ecklund, A. S. Fisher, Y. Nosochkov, A. Novokhatski, M. K. Sullivan, U. Wienands, Y. T. Yan, G. Yocky SLAC, Menlo Park, California
	In order to benefit from further reduction of the vertical IP beta function of the PEP-II HER the bunch length should be reduced. This will be achieved by changing the phase advance from 60 deg to 90 deg in the four arcs not adjacent to the IR region, thus reducing momentum compaction by about 30% and reducing bunch length from a present 12 mm down to 8.5 mm at low beam current. In preparation to implement the 90 deg lattice the main HER quadrupole and sextupole strings and their power supplies have been reconfigured. Compared to the 60 deg lattice it was expected that dynamic aperture and injection will be more difficult. The synchrotron tune initially will be lower but can be brought back by raising the rf voltage. Beam emittance is held at 48 nmr by introducing a significant dispersion beat in the arcs. The lattice was successfully commissioned at currents up to 800mA in August 2007. In this paper we will compare the actual machine with the predicted behaviour, explain the correction strategies used and give an overall assessment of the operation and the benefit of the new lattice configuration.

WEPP047	Optics Implications of Implementing Nb3Sn Magnets in the LHC Phase I Upgrade	optics, quadrupole, luminosity, focusing	2626
	J. A. Johnstone, V. Kashikhin, N. V. Mokhov, A. V. Zlobin Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois
	CERN has encouraged the US-LARP collaboration to participate in Phase I of the LHC luminosity upgrade by analyzing the benefits gained by using Nb3Sn technology to replace the functionality of select magnets CERN is commited to construct using NbTi magnets. Early studies have shown that the much higher gradients (shorter magnetic lengths) and energy load of Nb3Sn magnets compared to their NbTi counterpars is very favorable – allowing the insertion of additional absorbers between Q1 & Q2, for example. This paper discusses the relative merits of the NbTi and Nb3Sn options.

WEPP121	Recirculating Ring for an Ionization Cooling Channel	emittance, closed-orbit, factory, simulation	2779
	C. T. Rogers STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon
	In a muon acceleration facility such as a Neutrino Factory or Muon Collider, the muons created from pion decay occupy a large volume of phase space. For a good capture efficiency this phase space should be reduced and this is typically achieved using ionisation cooling channels. These are quite expensive but the cost can be reduced by recirculating muons through the cooling hardware. Recirculating a high emittance beam typical of a Neutrino Factory is very challenging if it is to be achieved without significant losses. I describe latest attempts to design a high acceptance recirculator for a muon front end.

WEPP167	Effect of Collimator Wakefields in the Beam Delivery System of the International Linear Collider	emittance, simulation, collimation, linear-collider	2880
	A. M. Toader, R. J. Barlow UMAN, Manchester D. Angal-Kalinin, F. Jackson STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire
	The collimators in the design of the International Linear Collider (ILC) Beam Delivery System (BDS) may be a significant source of wakefields and significantly degrade luminosity. New simulations are used to predict the effect of BDS collimator wakefields, and compared with previous analytical methods. BDS lattices optimised for improved collimation performance are also examined.

THPPGM04	SLIM - An Early Work Revisited	radiation, closed-orbit, coupling, damping	2963
	A. Chao SLAC, Menlo Park, California
	An early, but at the time illuminating, piece of work on how to deal with a general, linearly coupled accelerator lattice is revisited. This work is based on the SLIM formalism developed in 1979-1981.
	Slides

THPC005	Conceptual Design of Booster Synchrotron forTPS	booster, emittance, storage-ring, quadrupole	2981
	H. C. Chao, H.-P. Chang, P. J. Chou, C.-C. Kuo, G.-H. Luo, H.-J. Tsai, J. W. Tsai NSRRC, Hsinchu
	A six-folded concentric booster of 489.6 m with non-dispersive straights of length 5.8 m is designed for TPS storage ring of 518.4 m. The structure consists of modified FODO lattice with defocusing quadrupole fields built in bending magnets. The designed emittance is less than 10 nm-rad at 3 GeV. In this paper, the phenomenon during the ramping from 150 MeV to 3.0 GeV including the eddy current effect, the evolutions of beam emittance, energy spread, and bucket acceptance, will be discussed. In addition, closed orbit correction scheme, aperture request as well as injection and extraction schemes are described.

THPC007	Permanent Magnet Skew Quadrupoles for the Low Emittance LER Lattice of PEP-II	quadrupole, permanent-magnet, emittance, coupling	2987
	F.-J. Decker, S. D. Anderson, D. Kharakh, M. K. Sullivan SLAC, Menlo Park, California
	The vertical emittance of the low energy ring (LER) in the PEP-II B-Factory was reduced by using skew quadrupoles consisting of permanent magnet material. The advantages over electric quadrupoles or rotating existing normal quadrupoles are discussed. To assure a high field quality a Biot Savart calculation was used to cancel the natural 12-pole component by using different size poles over a few layers. A magnetic measurement confirmed the high quality of the magnets. After installation and adjusting the original 12 skew and 16 normal quadrupoles the emittance contribution from the region close to the interaction point, which was the biggest part in the original design, was considerably reduced.

THPC008	Constants and Pseudo-constants of Coupled Beam Motion in the PEP-II Rings	betatron, coupling, sextupole, quadrupole	2990
	F.-J. Decker, W. S. Colocho, M.-H. Wang, Y. T. Yan, G. Yocky SLAC, Menlo Park, California
	Constants of beam motion help as cross checks to analyze beam diagnostics and the modeling procedure. Pseudo-constants, like the betatron mismatch parameter or the coupling parameter det C, are constant till certain elements in the beam line change then. This can be used to visually find the non-desired changes, pinpointing errors compared with the model.

THPC010	Trajectory Correction in the Fermi@Elettra Linac	linac, quadrupole, electron, simulation	2993
	S. Di Mitri ELETTRA, Basovizza, Trieste A. Zholents LBNL, Berkeley, California
	The effect of the static magnetic field errors and misalignment of the magnetic elements and linac modules on the beam trajectory in the Fermi@elettra linac [1] has been studied. Analytical description has been used to guide simulations of the trajectory correction using three different techniques. A control over the residual R56 transfer matrix element along the linac lattice has been applied. The importance of the linac structural transverse wake field for a reliable prediction of the bunch centroid dynamics has been demonstrated. Transverse deviations of bunch slices along the electron bunch induced by the wake fields have been calculated. [1] S. Di Mitri, ST/M–07/01 (2007)

THPC025	Further Advances in Understanding and Optimising Beam Dynamics in the Diamond Storage Ring	dynamic-aperture, quadrupole, coupling, storage-ring	3032
	I. P.S. Martin, R. T. Fielder, E. C. Longhi, B. Singh Diamond, Oxfordshire R. Bartolini JAI, Oxford
	We report the results of recent beam dynamics studies of the Diamond storage ring. These studies were aimed at both improving our understanding of the machine operation as well as establishing a reliable, well corrected lattice with long lifetime and high injection efficiency suitable for later top-up operation. Particular attention has been given to measuring and controlling the linear optics of the lattice, to determining the various contributions to the overall beam lifetime and to optimising the sextupole strengths for good on and off momentum dynamic aperture. For each topic, detailed comparisons with model predictions are also described.

THPC033	Global Optimization of the Magnetic Lattice Using Genetic Algoritihms	emittance, quadrupole, storage-ring, insertion	3050
	D. Robin, F. Sannibale, C. Steier, W. Wan, L. Yang LBNL, Berkeley, California
	The traditional process of designing and tuning the magnetic lattice of a particle storage ring lattice to produce certain desired properties is not straight forward. Often solutions are found through trial and error and it is not clear that the solutions are close to optimal. In this paper we employ a technique we call GLASS (GLobal scan of All Stable Settings) that allows us to rapidly scan and find all possible stable modes and then characterize their associated properties. In this paper we illustrate how the GLASS technique gives a global and comprehensive vision of the capabilities of the lattice. In a sense, GLASS functions as a lattice observatory clearly displaying all possibilities. The power of the GLASS technique is that it is very fast and comprehensive. There is no fitting involved. It gives the lattice designer clear guidance as to where to look for interesting operational points. We demonstrate the technique by applying it to two existing storage ring lattices - the triple bend achromat of the ALS and the double bend achromat of CAMD. We extend the analysis to more complex lattices using multiobjective evolutionary analysis.

THPC034	Correction the Round Beam Lattice of VEPP-2000 Collider Using Orbit Response Technique	closed-orbit, dipole, quadrupole, multipole	3053
	A. L. Romanov, D. E. Berkaev, A. N. Kirpotin, I. Koop, E. Perevedentsev, Yu. A. Rogovsky, P. Yu. Shatunov, D. B. Shwartz BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk
	Round colliding beams option in VEPP-2000 puts a number of strict requirements on the collider lattice. Orbit Response Matrix (ORM) technique is a versatile tool for lattice analysis and correction. For linear optical function study and correction, the orbit response to the dipole correctors is collected and processed, while for the orbit correction the quadrupole trimming is used. Theoretical and experimental responses of closed orbit on the same perturbations are compared to determine the most probable deviations of chosen parameters from its project values.

THPC046	Heating Rate of Highly Space-charge-dominated Ion Beams in a Storage Ring	emittance, simulation, ion, storage-ring	3080
	Y. Yuri JAEA/ARTC, Takasaki H. Okamoto HU/AdSM, Higashi-Hiroshima
	We investigate the heating process of highly space-charge-dominated ion beams in a storage ring, using the molecular dynamics simulation technique. To evaluate the heating rate over the whole temperature range, we start from an ultra-low-emittance state where the beam is Coulomb crystallized, apply perturbation to it, and follow the emittance evolution. When the ring lattice is properly designed, the heating rate is quite low at ultralow temperature because random Coulomb collisions are suppressed. It gradually increases after the ordered state is destroyed by perturbation, and comes to a peak when the beam reaches a liquid phase. The dependence of the heating behavior on the beam line density and betatron tune is explored systematically. The effect of lattice imperfection on the stability of crystalline beams is also confirmed. J. Wei and A. M. Sessler, EPAC'96, p.1179.

THPC052	Beam Losses and Collimation Considerations for PS2	collimation, injection, beam-losses, extraction	3098
	J. Barranco, W. Bartmann, M. Benedikt, Y. Papaphilippou CERN, Geneva
	The high intensity beams with different emittances foreseen to be delivered by the PS2, an upgraded version of the actual CERN Proton Synchrotron, require strict control of beam losses in order to protect the machine components and enable their hands-on maintenance. Beam loss simulations based on dedicated numerical tools are undertaken for a variety of PS2 beams and for different loss mechanisms, along the whole accelerating cycle. In this respect, the design of a collimation system is presented and its performance is compared within different lattice options.

THPC054	Transportation of Decay Products in the Beta-beam Decay Ring	dipole, ion, beam-transport, quadrupole	3104
	A. Chancé, J. Payet CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette
	The principle of the neutrino production in the beta-beams relies on the beta-decay of the radioactive ions Neon 18 and Helium 6 in a storage ring. After decaying, the daughter particles have their magnetic rigidity significantly changed (-33% for Helium and +11% for Neon). Therefore, the decay products will be quickly lost on the walls of the decay ring after entering a dipole. Absorbers have been inserted in the decay ring in order to collect most decay products. Their optimization implies to calculate the trajectories of the decay products in the dipoles for very large momentum differences with a good accuracy. For pure dipoles without fringe field as in the decay ring, an analytic treatment can be used to simulate the transportation. It is then possible to obtain the equivalent dipole which gives the beam sizes of the daughter particles. In a first part, we will describe the analytic treatment of the central trajectory and the motion of the ions around. In a second part, we will compare this treatment with the one with matrices for different orders in the case of the beta-beam decay ring.

THPC055	Dynamic Aperture Studies for PETRA III Including Magnet Imperfections	multipole, wiggler, dynamic-aperture, damping	3107
	A. Kling, K. Balewski, W. Decking DESY, Hamburg Y. J. Li BNL, Upton, New York
	PETRA III is a 3rd generation synchrotron radiation light source. Efficient injection in the top up mode requires a dynamic aperture of 30 mmmrad or larger, while a 2 hour Touschek lifetime needs an average momentum aperture of around 1.5 %. We present studies on the impact of recently measured magnet imperfections on the available dynamic aperture. To this end, tracking simulations have been performed including the effects of measured multipole errors of lattice magnets and of 20 four-meters-long damping wigglers.

THPC058	High Order Super-periodic Structural Resonances	resonance, storage-ring, synchrotron, synchrotron-radiation	3116
	Y. Jiao, S. X. Fang, J. Q. Wang IHEP Beijing, Beijing
	High order super-periodic structural resonances, which arise from the study of SSRF lattice optimization, are found to have large effects on beam dynamics. The mechanism and feature of this kind of resonances are described in the text. The limit to beam dynamics of other light sources are also found from these resonances.

THPC063	First Frequency Maps for Probing the Non-linear Dynamics of SOLEIL	multipole, injection, quadrupole, insertion	3128
	L. S. Nadolski, P. Brunelle, J.-P. Lavieville, P. Lebasque, A. Nadji, M.-A. Tordeux SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette
	SOLEIL is a 2.75 GeV third generation synchrotron light source delivering photons to beam-lines since January 2007. With a 3.7 nm.rad horizontal emittance, its optics is based on a strong focusing lattice. Large on- and off-momentum apertures are required in order to provide good injection efficiency and as large as possible beam lifetime. It is then fundamental to be able to understand the limitations of these key figures. In order to probe the transverse non linear dynamics two pinger magnets have been installed into the injection straight section during last summer shutdown period. In this paper, their calibration will be described. Then first comparisons between modeled and real machine will be given for betatron tune shifts with amplitudes, and frequency maps. To end the non linear impact of insertion devices on beam dynamics will be discussed.

THPC064	Use of LOCO at Synchrotron SOLEIL	storage-ring, quadrupole, coupling, optics	3131
	L. S. Nadolski SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette
	SOLEIL is a 354 m long 2.75 GeV third generation synchrotron light source delivering photons to beam-lines since January 2007. This paper will discuss in details the first attempts using LOCO code and problems encountered due to the storage ring lattice compactness. The introduction into the code of constraints on the quadrupole gradient variations gave tremendous improvements. The convergence is satisfactory, beta –beatings are reduced from 5% to below 1% RMS in both planes. Restoring the symmetry of the lattice enhanced the performances of the storage ring. In the last part, different ways of using LOCO as a powerful diagnostics tool will be given.

THPC067	ALBA Dynamic Aperture Optimization	dynamic-aperture, resonance, sextupole, betatron	3140
	P. A. Piminov, E. B. Levichev BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk D. Einfeld ALBA, Bellaterra
	The lattice of ALBA, the 3 GeV synchrotron light source in Spain, provides extremely low emittance of the beam. It is known that such lattices require strong sextupole magnets to compensate natural chromaticities. The paper describes strategy and results of the ALBA dynamic aperture optimization including both tune point selecting and sextupoles arrangement to increase the DA size.

THPC070	Symmetry Restoration of the SPring-8 Storage Ring by Counter-sextupole Magnets	sextupole, dynamic-aperture, electron, betatron	3149
	K. Soutome, S. Daté, T. Fujita, K. Fukami, C. Mitsuda, A. Mochihashi, H. Ohkuma, M. Oishi, S. Sasaki, J. Schimizu, Y. Shimosaki, M. Shoji, M. Takao, K. Tsumaki, H. Yonehara, C. Zhang JASRI/SPring-8, Hyogo-ken S. Matsui, H. Takebe, H. Tanaka RIKEN/SPring-8, Hyogo
	In the SPring-8 storage ring there are four magnet-free long straight sections of about 30m. These were realized in 2000 by locally rearranging quadrupole and sextupole magnets. In modifying the optics we took care of the periodicity of cell structure, especially of sextupole field distribution along the ring. To keep the periodicity high and hence the dynamic aperture large, we adopted a scheme in which "betatron phase matching" and "local chromaticity correction" are combined. In this scheme the dynamic aperture for on-momentum electrons is kept by the phase matching and that for off-momentum electrons is enlarged by the local chromaticity correction with weak sextupoles (SL). After modifying the lattice, we tried to recover the symmetry of the ring further and found that a harmful effect of nonlinear kick due to SL can be minimized by additional "counter-sextupole magnets" placed 180 degrees apart in horizontal betatron phase from SL. We installed such counter-sextupoles in every long straight sections and confirmed that the aperture was improved. In the paper we discuss these topics showing experimental data of injection efficiency, momentum acceptance, etc.

THPC076	Closed Orbit Correction and Sextupole Compensation Schemes for Normal-conducting HESR	sextupole, closed-orbit, dipole, electron	3161
	D. M. Welsch, A. Lehrach, B. Lorentz, R. Maier, D. Prasuhn, R. Tölle FZJ, Jülich
	The High Energy Storage Ring (HESR) will be part of the future Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) located at GSI in Darmstadt, Germany. The HESR will be operated with antiprotons in the momentum range from 1.5 to 15 GeV/c, which makes a long beam life time and a minimum of particle losses crucial. This and the demanding requirements of the PANDA experiment lead to the necessity of a good orbit correction and an effective multipole compensation. We developed a closed orbit correction scheme and tested it with Monte Carlo simulations. We assigned different sets of angular and spatial errors to all elements (magnets, bpms, etc.) within the lattice of the HESR. For correction we applied the orbit response matrix method. We carried out investigations concerning higher-order multipoles and created a scheme for chromaticity correction and compensation of arising resonances utilising analytic formulae and dynamic aperture calculations. In this presentation we give an overview of the correction and compensation schemes and of the corresponding results.

THPC086	Transverse Mismatch Oscillations of a Bunched Beam in Presence of Space Charge and External Nonlinearities	emittance, simulation, synchrotron, space-charge	3188
	C. Benedetti, G. Turchetti Bologna University, Bologna G. Franchetti, I. Hofmann GSI, Darmstadt
	The damping of transverse mismatch oscillations depends on the combined effect of space charge as well as external nonlinearities. Previous studies of this problem for high intensity beams in a synchrotron have not included the combined effect of synchrotron oscillation and external nonlinearities on mismatch. In this paper we explore by 2.5D particle in cell simulations the effect on emittance growth, halo and beam loss caused by space charge, synchrotron oscillation and external nonlinearities. Different tunes are considered in order to understand the importance of external nonlinearities as function of the distance of the working point from the resonance condition.

THPC102	Image Simulations on the ISIS Synchrotron	simulation, closed-orbit, vacuum, dipole	3215
	B. G. Pine, C. M. Warsop STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon
	ISIS is the spallation neutron source at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in the UK. Operation centres on a loss-limited 50 Hz proton synchrotron, which accelerates ~3·10¹³ ppp from 70 to 800 MeV, corresponding to mean beam powers of 0.2 MW. A significant proportion of beam loss is attributable to space charge effects. One such effect is the image field which forms in the beam pipe. Off-centre beams resulting from closed orbit errors generate fields, which can perturb the beam and cause loss. Of particular interest on ISIS is the rectangular, varying aperture, vacuum vessel, as compared with the more usual constant aperture circular or elliptical geometries. A new 2D space charge code, Set, was developed to study these effects. The code simulates the effects of space charge using a 2D particle-in-cell model of the beam distribution, including an appropriate treatment of the rectangular beam pipe, and details of the ISIS lattice. The effects of images on closed orbits, driving terms, and the evolution of beam distributions at ISIS operational intensities were explored.

THPC135	Vertical Emittance Measurements and Optimisation at the Australian Synchrotron	emittance, quadrupole, coupling, storage-ring	3303
	M. J. Spencer, R. T. Dowd, G. LeBlanc ASP, Clayton, Victoria
	Adjustment to the vertical emittance of the Australian Synchrotron storage ring was made using 28 skew quadrupoles. The skew quadrupole settings were calculated using the LOCO method which uses measurements of vertical dispersion as well as transverse coupling. The vertical emittance was monitored indirectly through lifetime, tune crossing, x-ray pinhole camera and calibrated model calculations. The paper outlines the results of these studies.

THPP005	Orbit Distortion and its Correction in a Non-scaling FFAG	acceleration, quadrupole, closed-orbit, injection	3383
	D. J. Kelliher, S. Machida STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon
	The wide variation in betatron tune over a rapid acceleration time presents particular difficulties in orbit correction in a non-scaling FFAG. Due to the fact that the phase advance between an error source and the corrector magnets varies during acceleration, and assuming that the corrector magnets' strengths must be constant during the short acceleration period, it is clear that conventional harmonic correction is ineffective. We propose a method to determine the magnet and BPM misalignments in a non-scaling FFAG. By running the beam at fixed energy over many turns, and assuming no other error sources exist, the BPM measurements allow the misalignments to be calculated (assuming that there are as many BPMs as error sources). We show that it is also possible to calculate the BPM misalignment error if the beam is run at two fixed energies. This is due to a characteristic property of non-scaling FFAGs - the variation of the phase shift, and hence the response of the BPM measurements to magnet misalignments, with momentum. Having estimated the magnet misalignments, a local correction is made and a tracking study carried out to calculate the reduction in orbit distortion that results.

THPP008	Hamiltonian Approach to the Dynamics of Particles in Non-scaling FFAG Accelerators	acceleration, betatron, focusing, proton	3392
	B. D. Muratori, S. L. Smith, S. I. Tzenov STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire
	Starting from first principle the Hamiltonian formalism for the description of the dynamics of particles in non-scaling FFAG machines has been developed. The stationary reference (closed) orbit has been found within the Hamiltonian framework. The dependence of the path length on the energy deviation has been described in terms of higher order dispersion functions. The latter have been used subsequently to specify the longitudinal part of the Hamiltonian. It has been shown that higher order phase slip coefficients should be taken into account to adequately describe the acceleration in non-scaling FFAG accelerators.

THPP011	Beam Acceleration Studies of Proton NS-FFAG	resonance, acceleration, emittance, proton	3398
	T. Yokoi, J. H. Cobb OXFORDphysics, Oxford, Oxon K. J. Peach, S. L. Sheehy JAI, Oxford
	The NS-FFAG is a novel idea of a fixed field accelerator which has advantages in flexible design and machine operation for fixed field accelerator. However, due to the large tune variation with energy, fast acceleration is a key issue to circumvent the resonance problem in a linear NS-FFAG. At the moment, there is no numerical study of how fast it needs be. In this paper, using a lattice of a NS-FFAG for particle therapy, results of tracking study including acceleration rate, positioning tolerance are presented.

THPP016	Preliminary Design of a Highly-flexible Extraction Scheme for the USR	extraction, septum, antiproton, storage-ring	3407
	Ph. Schmid, K.-U. Kuehnel, C. P. Welsch MPI-K, Heidelberg A. I. Papash JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region
	In the future Facility for Low-energy Antiproton and Ion Research (FLAIR) at GSI, the Ultra-low energy electrostatic Storage Ring (USR) will provide cooled beams of antiprotons and possibly also highly charged ions down to energies of only 20 keV/q. Beams with small momentum spread and low emittance will enable a wide range of hitherto impossible experiments. The large variety of planned experiments requires a highly flexible longitudinal time structure of the extracted bunches, ranging from ultra-short pulses in the nanosecond regime to quasi DC beams. In this contribution, a preliminary design of the extraction scheme is presented. Furthermore, possible solutions for the compensation of effects from the extraction region on the very-low energy beam are shown, including results from beam transport calculations.

THPP055	Stochastic Cooling Developments for the HESR at FAIR	target, antiproton, luminosity, simulation	3491
	H. Stockhorst, R. Maier, D. Prasuhn, R. Stassen FZJ, Jülich T. Katayama CNS, Saitama L. Thorndahl CERN, Geneva
	The High-Energy Storage Ring (HESR) of the future International Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) at the GSI in Darmstadt will be built as an anti-proton cooler ring in the momentum range from 1.5 to 15 GeV/c. An important and challenging feature of the new facility is the combination of phase space cooled beams with internal targets. In addition to electron cooling transverse and longitudinal stochastic cooling are envisaged to accomplish these goals. A detailed numerical analysis of the Fokker-Planck equation for longitudinal filter cooling including an internal target and intrabeam scattering has been carried out to demonstrate the stochastic cooling capability in the newly designed normal conducting ring lattice of the HESR. Theoretical predictions have been compared to experimental cooling results with internal targets at the COSY facility. Recent developments for the HESR stochastic cooling equipment will be discussed. The design of new high sensitive printed loop couplers and ring slot couplers for the (2-4) GHz range as well as prototype measurements with protons in the COSY accelerator will be presented.

THPP089	Gamma Transition Jump for PS2	betatron, optics, quadrupole, collective-effects	3572
	W. Bartmann, M. Benedikt, E. Métral, D. Möhl CERN, Geneva S. Peggs BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York
	The PS2, which is proposed as a replacement for the existing ~50-year old PS accelerator, is presently considered to be a normal conducting synchrotron with an injection kinetic energy of 4 GeV and a maximum energy of 50 GeV. One of the possible lattices (FODO option) foresees crossing of transition energy near 10 GeV. Since many intensity dependent effects can take place in both the longitudinal and the transverse planes a fast jump of gamma transition is necessary in order to pass the non-adiabatic region rapidly. The aim of the present paper is on the one hand to scale the gamma transition jump, used since 1973 in the PS, to the projected PS2 and on the other hand based on these results the analysis of the implementation and feasibility of a gamma transition jump scheme in a conventional FODO lattice.