EPAC08 - List of Keywords (polarization)

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polarization

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOPC017	Operation of the UVSOR-II CHG-FEL in Helical Configuration	laser, undulator, electron, radiation	106
	M. Labat CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette M.-E. Couprie, G. Khalili SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette M. Hosaka, N. Yamamoto Nagoya University, Nagoya M. Katoh, M. Shimada UVSOR, Okazaki A. Mochihashi JASRI/SPring-8, Hyogo-ken
	In the Coherent Harmonic Generation Free Electron Laser (CHG-FEL) configuration, an external laser source injected inside a first undulator modulates in energy, and consequently in phase, an electron bunch, allowing coherent radiation in a second undulator. The CHG-FEL implemented on UVSOR-II storage ring (Okazaki, Japan) consists of a 600 MeV electron beam, and of a 2.5 mJ Ti:Sa seeding laser at 800 nm wavelength, 1 kHz repetition rate, and 100 fs up to 2 ps pulse duration. Operation in planar configuration of the undulators is being characterized since 2005. Recent experiments enabled a step forward using helical configuration of the undulators. A description of the experimental setup is given, and the main results are presented: influence of seeding laser parameters (polarisation, average power, focusing) on the intensity and beam profile of the second and third coherent harmonics. Those investigations provide attractive insights for the future HGHG FEL sources, about to deliver sub-nm and sub-ps pulses.

MOPC083	Flat Long Pulse Train Formation Using Multi-pass Structure	laser, insertion, alignment, gun	250
	J. Ruan, H. T. Edwards, R. P. Fliller Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois
	Flat long pulse train is part of the requirements for International Linear collider. Here in Fermilab the construction of ILCTA at New Meon Lab will present the similar requirements (3MHz, 2810 Pulses, 5Hz) for the laser systems. In this paper we will report the effort to develop a new multi pass (MP) cavity based on Nd:YLF crystal end-pumped by diode laser. It takes a seed (1054 nm, 4-5ps) from a commercial laser and has a gain of 1000 or more. So far we already tested up to 1000 pulses with 1μs spacing and the pulse train amplitude fluctuation is less than 5% throughout the whole duration. We attribute this to the high optical to optical conversion efficiency achieved using Nd:YLF crystal inside the multi-pass structure. Test with 3MHz spacing train is also discussed and the integration of the new MP cavity into the current laser system is planned.

MOPC108	AGS Polarized Proton Operation in Run 8	resonance, injection, emittance, extraction	316
	H. Huang, L. Ahrens, M. Bai, K. A. Brown, C. J. Gardner, J. W. Glenn, F. Lin, A. U. Luccio, W. W. MacKay, T. Roser, S. Tepikian, N. Tsoupas, K. Yip, A. Zelenski, K. Zeno BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York H. M. Spinka, D. G. Underwood ANL, Argonne, Illinois
	A dual partial snake scheme has been used for AGS polarized proton operation for several years. It has provided polarized proton beams with 1.5*10¹¹ protons per bunch and 65% polarization for the RHIC spin program. There is still residual polarization loss due to both snake resonances and horizontal resonances. Several schemes were tested in the AGS to mitigate the loss. This paper presents the experiment results and analysis.

MOPP009	Copper Prototype Measurements of the HOM, LOM and SOM Couplers for the ILC Crab Cavity	dipole, simulation, coupling, damping	568
	G. Burt, P. K. Ambattu, A. C. Dexter Cockcroft Institute, Lancaster University, Lancaster L. Bellantoni Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois P. Goudket, P. A. McIntosh STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire Z. Li, L. Xiao SLAC, Menlo Park, California
	The ILC Crab Cavity is positioned close to the IP and hence is very sensitive to the wakefields induced by the beam. A set of couplers were designed to couple to and hence damp the spurious modes of the crab cavity. As the crab cavity is a deflecting mode cavity, it operates using a dipole mode and has different damping requirements than an accelerating mode cavity. A separate coupler is required for the monopole modes below the operating frequency of 3.9 GHz, known as the LOMs, the opposite polarization of the operating mode, the SOM, and the modes above the operating frequency, the HOMs. Each of these couplers have been manufactured out of copper and measured attached to an aluminium nine cell prototype of the cavity and their external Q factors were measured. The results were found to agree well with numerical simulations.

MOPP024	Depolarization and Beam-beam Effects at the Linear Collider	photon, positron, background, linear-collider	598
	G. A. Moortgat-Pick, S. Hesselbach Durham University, Durham I. R. Bailey, G. A. Moortgat-Pick, B. J.A. Shepherd Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire D. P. Barber DESY, Hamburg E. Baynham, T. W. Bradshaw, F. S. Carr, J. Rochford STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon A. J. Brummitt, A. J. Lintern STFC/RAL, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon A. Bungau UMAN, Manchester J. A. Clarke, O. B. Malyshev, N. C. Ryder, D. J. Scott STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire J. B. Dainton, K. M. Hock, L. J. Jenner, L. I. Malysheva, L. Zang Liverpool University, Science Faculty, Liverpool A. F. Hartin OXFORDphysics, Oxford, Oxon
	The clean environment at the interaction point of a lepton linear collider allows high-precision measurements for physics analyses. In order to exploit this potential, precise knowledge about the polarization state of the beams is also required. In this paper we concentrate on depolarization effects caused by the intense beam-beam interaction, which is expected to be the dominant source of depolarization. Higher-order effects, as well as critical analyses of the theoretical assumptions used in the past and theoretical improvements in the derivation of suitable equations, are given. Updates on existing simulation programs are reported. Numerical results for the design of the International Linear Collider (ILC) are discussed.

MOPP156	Fabrication and Low Power Testing of an L-band Deflecting Cavity for Emittance-exchange at ANL	coupling, simulation, vacuum, emittance	916
	J. Shi, H. Chen, W.-H. Huang, C.-X. Tang, D. Tong TUB, Beijing W. Gai, C.-J. Jing, K.-J. Kim, J. G. Power ANL, Argonne, Illinois D. Li LBNL, Berkeley, California
	An L-Band RF deflecting cavity has been built at Tsinghua University for a planned transverse-to-longitudinal emittance exchange experiment at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL). The deflector is a 1.3-GHz, 3-cell cavity operated in a TM110-like mode that delivers a deflecting voltage of 3.4 MV. In this paper, we review the cavity design and present detail of the fabrication, cold testing and tuning progress. Cell radii were left undercut to account for simulation errors, which yielded a higher frequency in the first bench measurement but removed by the final tuning on the lathe. Field distribution on axis was measured using the ‘‘bead-pull'' method and tuned to balance in the 3 cells.

TUOBM03	High-Intensity Polarized H^- (Proton), Deuteron and 3He++ Ion Source Development at BNL	ion, injection, proton, rfq	1010
	A. Zelenski, J. G. Alessi, A. Kponou, D. Raparia BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York
	New techniques for production of polarized H^- (protons), deuteron and 3He++ ion beams (based on optical pumping polarization method) will be discussed. Feasibility studies of these techniques are in progress at BNL. The depolarization factors in the multi-step spin-transfer polarization technique and basic limitations on maximum polarization in the OPPIS (Optically-Pumped Polarized H^- Ion Source) will be discussed. Detailed studies of polarization losses in the RHIC OPPIS and the source parameters optimization resulted in the OPPIS polarization increase to 86-90%. This contributed to AGS and RHIC polarization increase to 65-70%.
	Slides

TUPC039	p-Carbon CNI Polarimetry in the AGS and RHIC	target, vacuum, scattering, proton	1140
	H. Huang, A. Bazilevsky, A. Bravar, G. Bunce, V. Dharmawardane, R. L. Gill, Y. Makdisi, B. Morozov, M. Sivertz, D. Steski, K. Yip, A. Zelenski BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York I. G. Alekseev, D. Svirida ITEP, Moscow W. Lozowski IUCF, Bloomington, Indiana
	Polarimetry based on proton carbon elastic scattering in the Coulomb Nuclear Interference (CNI) region has been utilized for Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). They have been critical tools for polarized proton acceleration setup and provided polarization values for RHIC experiments. This paper summarizes the recent modifications to the hardware and electronics. The performance of the polarimeters is also discussed.

TUPC076	TTF HOM Data Analysis with Curve Fitting Method	dipole, linac, simulation, optics	1227
	S. Pei, C. Adolphsen, K. L.F. Bane, Z. Li, J. C. Smith SLAC, Menlo Park, California
	To investigate the possibility of using HOM signal induced in SC cavities as beam and cavity diagnostics, experiments and analyses based on SVD have been done, which are very successful. In this paper, we described one new method based on curve fitting to analyze the HOM signal data, some results have been obtained. The new method can be used to extract the HOM mode frequency, Q and relative phase from the data. On the other hand, this method can also be used to find the HOM mode center, polarization axis, mode axis along the cavity, while careful handling of beam timing information need to be considered in analysis. Comparing with SVD, this method is more physical, and can also be used in the beam diagnostic data analysis to obtain the beam position and beam trajectory angle.

TUPC094	Longitudinal Bunch Profile Monitoring via Single Shot Diagnostic with Linear Response	electron, laser, diagnostics, monitoring	1278
	U. Schmidhammer, V. De Waele, J.-P. Larbre, J.-L. Marignier, H. Monard, M. Mostafavi CLIO/ELISE/LCP, Orsay N. Bourgeois, J.-R. Marquès LULI, Palaiseau
	A new approach of electro-optic (EO) spectral encoding allows for the non-invasive characterization of the longitudinal electron bunch distribution at the ELYSE laser triggered ps pulse radiolysis facility: the transverse electric field of the relativistic bunch is encoded to the temporally dispersed spectrum of a supercontinuum whose wavelength dependent polarisation state is then analyzed with balanced detection. This method combines the spectral bandwidth of the probe that corresponds to a Fourier transform limit < 5 fs with a direct signal response of the detection scheme. As a result, the field amplitude within the EO crystal can be determined in an absolute, undistorted manner with a time window several times longer than the electron pulse. For a time window easily tunable between 0.5 to 100 ps the possible time resolution is ~ 70 fs respectively 1 ps. The diagnostic allows bunch monitoring at the 100 pC level even for low beam energy and brightness. The influence of the accelerator conditions on the charge profile and its stability was able to be studied for the 8 MeV bunches at ELYSE with a 0.5 mm thick ZnTe crystal in a distance of 4 mm to the beam centre.

TUPC112	Equipment for Electrons Energy Measurement in HLS	electron, storage-ring, beam-losses, energy-calibration	1326
	H. Xu, G. Feng, B. Sun, L. Wang, J. F. Zhang, X. Zhao USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui
	The parameters necessary to dimension an equipment for the measurement of the beam energy of a storage ring via the resonance depolarisation are collected for HLS . The electron beam polarizes naturally due to the Sokolov-Ternv effect. For Hefei light source(HLS), the polarisation time is approx 4.346 h at 800MeV. The calculated value 4.346h is only for reference. The radial field will be applied to the beam by a pair of striplines mounted in the storage ring vacuum chamber. When input power is 12.5w, with OPRA program, intergrated field is calculated on axial. Different input power V. S integral field is also calculated. Which the depolarization time V. S input power can calculated by the below. The beam loss system for the electron storage ring of HLS can be used to measure the relative change of Touschek lifetime. It is expected that the relative change of Touschek lifetime due to beam depolarization will be measured in the future.

TUPC135	Experimental Determination of the Timing Stability of the Optical Synchronization System at FLASH	laser, electron, controls, cathode	1386
	F. Loehl, V. R. Arsov, M. Felber, K. E. Hacker, B. Lorbeer, F. Ludwig, K.-H. Matthiesen, H. Schlarb, B. Schmidt DESY, Hamburg S. Schulz, A. Winter, J. Zemella Uni HH, Hamburg
	An optical, drift free synchronization system with a stability of better than 10 fs is presently being installed at the free electron laser FLASH. A periodic laser pulse train from a mode-locked, erbium doped fiber laser is distributed via length stabilized fiber links. In this paper, we present measurements of the timing stability of the optical distribution system. Two arrival time monitors (BAM) are used to measure the electron bunch arrival times at two positions in the linac separated by 60 m. Each BAM is supplied with fiber-laser pulses by its own fiber link. By correlating the measured arrival times of the same electron bunches, the overall performance of the optical distribution system and the BAMs can be evaluated. A resolution and timing stability of better than 30 fs has beed reached.

TUPD022	Electron Beam Polarimetry at the S-DALINAC	electron, scattering, target, background	1476
	R. Barday, U. Bonnes, C. Eckardt, R. Eichhorn, J. Enders, C. Heßler, J. Kalben, Y. Poltoratska TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt W. F.O. Müller, B. Steiner, T. Weiland TEMF, Darmstadt
	It is planned to carry out experiments at the Superconducting Darmstadt Linear Accelerator S-DALINAC with both polarized electron and photon beams at the energy of the electron beam between 10 and 130 MeV. In order to extract asymmetry from these experiments the absolute degree of the electron beam polarization needs to be known. We present the existing and planned polarimeters at the source of polarized electrons and the experimental sites, especially a 100 keV Mott polarimeter and Möller polarimeter for 15-130 MeV electrons.

TUPD027	Commissioning of the Offline-teststand for the S-DALINAC Polarized Injector SPIN	electron, cathode, scattering, laser	1482
	C. Heßler, R. Barday, U. Bonnes, M. Brunken, C. Eckardt, R. Eichhorn, J. Enders, M. Platz, Y. Poltoratska, M. Roth TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt W. Ackermann, W. F.O. Müller, B. Steiner, T. Weiland TEMF, Darmstadt K. Aulenbacher IKP, Mainz
	At the superconducting Darmstadt linear electron accelerator S-DALINAC a new injector for polarized electrons is under development. For this purpose an off-line test stand has been constructed. It consists of the source of polarized electrons and a test beamline including a Wien filter for spin manipulation, a Mott polarimeter for polarization measurement and various beam steering and diagnostic elements. The polarized electron beam is produced by photoemission from a strained GaAs cathode. We report on the status of this project and present first results of the measurements of the beam properties. We also give an outlook on the upcoming installation of SPIN at the S-DALINAC.

WEPC096	APPLE Undulator for PETRA III	dipole, undulator, emittance, radiation	2219
	J. Bahrdt, H.-J. Baecker, W. Frentrup, A. Gaupp, M. Scheer, B. Schulz BESSY GmbH, Berlin U. Englisch, M. Tischer DESY, Hamburg
	Currently, the storage ring PETRA is being rebuilt to a light source with an ultra low emittance of only 1nm rad. The undulator radiation will take full advantage of this high performance. PETRA III will also provide circularly polarized light and linearly polarized light under arbitrary angles (inclined mode) within the energy range of 250-3000eV. The light will be produced with an APPLE II undulator which is under construction at BESSY at present. The total length of 5m and a minimum gap of only 11mm cause strong 3D forces. Due to the small good field region in an APPLE undulator and a small stay clear between the magnets and the vacuum chamber a sophisticated mechanical layout is required. The design will be presented, the expected residual mechanical deformations will be given and the consequences for the spectral performance will be discussed.

WEPC116	FERMI@Elettra Undulator Frame Study	undulator, alignment, simulation	2276
	D. La Civita, R. Bracco, B. Diviacco, G. Tomasin, D. Zangrando ELETTRA, Basovizza, Trieste
	The FERMI@Elettra project foresees installation of both linear (LPU) and elliptical polarization undulators (EPU). Following the girder study presented last year, a detailed design of the undulator frame has been now carried out. The aim of this work was to find out a mechanical structure that guarantees minimum displacement of the girders supporting the magnet arrays. At the same time the undulator overall dimensions have been taken into account and the mechanical structure mass minimized. In this paper topology optimization result, finite element simulation and multi-objective optimization analysis are presented.

WEPC118	Study of Controllable Polarization SASE FEL by a Crossed-planar Undulator	undulator, radiation, electron, simulation	2282
	B. Faatz, Y. Li, J. Pflueger, E. Saldin, E. Schneidmiller, M. V. Yurkov DESY, Hamburg
	A potential and economical access to generate arbitrary polarized XFEL is to utilize crossed-undulator scheme instead of helical undulators. In this paper, the polarization of x-ray radiation for the European XFEL is investigated. The degree of polarization and the Stokes parameters are calculated for different configurations. The shot-to-shot fluctuation of polarization and the degree of polarization distribution over the transverse plane are also studied.

WEPC130	Shimming Correction of Dynamic Multipole Effects on Apple-II Type EPUs at the ALS	multipole, undulator, injection, simulation	2311
	C. Steier, A. Madur, S. Marks, S. Prestemon, T. Scarvie, D. Schlueter, W. Wan LBNL, Berkeley, California
	Elliptically Polarizing Undulators that provide full photon polarization control also have fast, intrinsic transverse roll-off of the magnetic field. The roll-off is particularly fast for vertical polarization settings, and can have big detrimental effects on the nonlinear single particle dynamics. Particularly low and medium energy light sources and long period EPUs are prone to those effects. The three existing 50mm period EPUs at the ALS have been retrofitted with shims to correct for these dynamic multipole effects and a new 90mm period device which otherwise would have caused a huge reduction in dynamic aperture has been shimmed before installation. Simulations and beam measurements will be presented, including frequency map measurements.

WEPC136	Waveguide Structures for RF Undulators with Applications to FELs and Storage Rings	undulator, radiation, electron, storage-ring	2326
	M. Yeddulla, H. G. Geng, Z. Huang, Z. Ma, S. G. Tantawi SLAC, Menlo Park, California
	RF undulators, suggested long time ago, has the advantage of fast dynamic control of polarization, undulator strength and wavelength. However, RF undulators require very strong RF fields in order to produce radiation of the same order as conventional static devices. Very high power RF energy confined inside a waveguide or a cavity can provide the necessary RF fields to undulate the electron beam. However, the wall losses in the waveguide should be low enough to make it practically feasible as a CW or quasi CW undulator and, hence, competitive with static devices for applications to storage rings and FELs. Here we present various waveguide structures such as smooth walled and corrugated walled waveguides and various RF modes. We will show that there are some advantages in operating with higher order modes and also with hybrid modes in the corrugated guide. We will show that the RF power requirement for some of these modes will permit a quasi CW operation of the undulator, thus permitting its operation in a storage ring.

WEPC137	Design of Two Variable Polarization Undulators for the ALBA Project	undulator, controls, beam-losses, power-supply	2329
	D. Zangrando, R. Bracco, B. Diviacco, D. La Civita, M. Musardo, G. Tomasin ELETTRA, Basovizza, Trieste F. Becheri, J. Campmany, C. Colldelram, D. Einfeld, J. V. Gigante ALBA, Bellaterra Z. Martí LLS, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès)
	This paper summarizes the main aspects of the magnetic, mechanical and control system design of two APPLE-II type undulators presently under construction in the framework of a collaboration between CELLS and Sincrotrone Trieste.

WEPC152	Magnet Block Optimization of the APPLE-II Elliptically Polarized Undulator	undulator, radiation, synchrotron, synchrotron-radiation	2362
	T. Wang, Q. K. Jia USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui
	The uniform field region of elliptically polarized undulator (EPU) of APPLE-II type is very short especially in the horizonta axis. The magnet block arrangements with a approximately parabolic pole face or of APPLE-II undulator can enlarge the horizontal field roll-off and shorten the vertical field roll-off. We studied the dfferent shapes to expect a optimizaed horizotal and vertical field roll-off.

WEPP019	RHIC Polarized Proton Performance in Run-8	luminosity, proton, emittance, collider	2566
	C. Montag, N. P. Abreu, L. Ahrens, M. Bai, D. S. Barton, A. Bazilevsky, J. Beebe-Wang, M. Blaskiewicz, J. M. Brennan, K. A. Brown, D. Bruno, G. Bunce, R. Calaga, P. Cameron, R. Connolly, T. D'Ottavio, K. A. Drees, A. V. Fedotov, W. Fischer, G. Ganetis, C. J. Gardner, J. W. Glenn, T. Hayes, H. Huang, P. F. Ingrassia, A. Kayran, J. Kewisch, R. C. Lee, V. Litvinenko, A. U. Luccio, Y. Luo, W. W. MacKay, Y. Makdisi, N. Malitsky, G. J. Marr, A. Marusic, R. J. Michnoff, J. Morris, B. Oerter, H. Okada, F. C. Pilat, P. H. Pile, G. Robert-Demolaize, T. Roser, T. Russo, T. Satogata, C. Schultheiss, M. Sivertz, K. Smith, S. Tepikian, D. Trbojevic, N. Tsoupas, J. E. Tuozzolo, A. Zaltsman, A. Zelenski, K. Zeno, S. Y. Zhang BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York
	During Run-8, the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) provided collisions of spin-polarized proton beams at two interaction regions. Helical spin rotators at these two interaction regions were used to control the spin orientation of both beams at the collision points. Physics data were taken with different orientations of the beam polarization. We present recent developments and improvements as well as the luminosity and polarization performance achieved during Run-8.

WEPP040	New Low Emittance Lattices for the SuperB Accelerator Project	emittance, sextupole, lattice, luminosity	2608
	M. E. Biagini, M. Boscolo, P. Raimondi, S. Tomassini, M. Zobov INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma) S. Bettoni CERN, Geneva A. Bogomyagkov, I. Koop, E. B. Levichev, S. A. Nikitin, P. A. Piminov, D. N. Shatilov BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk E. Paoloni University of Pisa and INFN, Pisa J. Seeman, M. K. Sullivan, U. Wienands, W. Wittmer SLAC, Menlo Park, California
	New low emittance lattices (1.6 nm at 7 GeV, 2.8 nm at 4 GeV) have been designed for the asymmetric SuperB accelerator aiming at a luminosity of 10³⁶ cm^-2 s^-1. Main optics features are two alternating arc cells with different horizontal phase advance, in order to decrease beam emittance and allow at the same time for easy chromaticity correction in the arcs. Emittance can be further reduced by a factor of two for luminosity upgrade. New beam parameters have been chosen to fulfill the transparency conditions for 4x7 GeV beams, different from the asymmetric currents used in operating B-Factories. Beam polarization schemes have been studied and will be implemented in the lattice.

THPPGM02	EPS-AG 2008 Frank Sacherer Prize Presentation: First Steps Toward Laser Stripping Implementation	laser, ion, linac, proton	2955
	V. V. Danilov ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
	Thin carbon foils are used as strippers for charge exchange injection into high intensity proton rings. However, the stripping foils become radioactive and produce uncontrolled beam loss, which is one of the main factors limiting beam power in high intensity proton rings. Recently, the first laser-assisted high efficiency conversion of H^- beam into protons was successfully demonstrated for a short laser pulse at Spallation Neutron Source project in Oak Ridge, Tennessee. The next step will be to build stripping device to make 1-10 μsec pulses stripping. The associated problems and possible solutions for projects with large ranges of H^- beam energies are described.
	Slides

THPC023	Optimization of the AGS Superconducting Helical Partial Snake Strength	resonance, betatron, acceleration, simulation	3026
	F. Lin, H. Huang, A. U. Luccio, T. Roser BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York
	Two helical partial snakes, one is superconducting (called cold snake) and one is normal conducting (called warm snake), have preserved the polarization of proton beam up to 65% at the AGS extraction energy with the inject 82% polarization. In order to overcome the spin resonances, stronger partial snake is required. However, the stronger partial snake, the more titled stable spin direction that results in stronger horizontal intrinsic resonance. The balance between raising the spin tune gap generated by the snakes and reducing the titled stable spin direction has to be considered to maintain the polarization. Because the magnetic field of the warm snake is constant, only the cold snake with a maximum 3T magnetic field can be varied to find out the optimized snake strength. The paper presents the simulation results from the spin tracking with different cold snake magnetic fields. Some experimental data are also analyzed.

THPC060	Spin Flip of Deuterons in COSY - Spink Tracking	resonance, dipole, simulation, betatron	3122
	A. U. Luccio BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York A. Lehrach FZJ, Jülich
	The spin tracking code Spink, as recently overhauled, has been used to study the deuteron spin resonances and spin flipping induced by a RF dipole and a RF solenoid. The modifications of the code followed extended discussions on the formalism used to model spin evolution in a synchrotron. The simulation shows a good agreement with published results of the measurements. A. U. Luccio et al. See another contribution to this Conference. **A. D. Krisch et al. PR-STAB 10, 07100-1, 2007.

THPC160	An Optical Cross-correlation Scheme to Synchronize Distributed Laser Systems at FLASH	laser, controls, diagnostics, electron	3366
	S. Schulz, V. R. Arsov, M. Felber, F. Loehl, B. Lorbeer, F. Ludwig, K.-H. Matthiesen, H. Schlarb, B. Schmidt, A. Winter DESY, Hamburg P. Schmüser, J. Zemella Uni HH, Hamburg B. Steffen PSI, Villigen
	The soft X-ray free-electron laser FLASH and the planned European XFEL generate X-ray light pulses in the femto-second range. For time-resolved pump-probe experiments, future operation modes by means of laser seeding and for special diagnostic measurements it is crucial to synchronize various laser systems to the electron beam with an accuracy better than 30 fs. For this purpose an optical synchronization system at the telecommunication wavelength of 1550 nm is currently being installed and tested at FLASH. We developed a background-free optical cross-correlation scheme to synchronize two mode-locked laser systems of different center wavelengths and repetition rates with an accuracy better than 10 fs. The scheme was tested by linking a commercial 81 MHz Ti:Sa oscillator (center wavelength 800 nm), used for electro-optical diagnostics at FLASH, to a locally installed 40.5 MHz erbium-doped fiber laser, operating at 1550 nm. Later, this laser will be replaced by an actively length-stabilized fiber-link distributing the pulses from the 216 MHz master laser oscillator of the machine to lock the diagnostics laser to the optical synchronization system.

FRXAGM01	RHIC and its Upgrade Programs	luminosity, electron, proton, ion	3723
	T. Roser BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York
	As the first hadron accelerator and collider consisting of two independent superconducting rings RHIC has operated with a wide range of beam energies and particle species. After a brief review of the achieved performance the presentation will give an overview of the plans, challenges and status of machine upgrades, that range from a new heavy ion pre-injector and beam cooling at 100 GeV to a high luminosity electron-ion collider.
	Slides