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| MOPC135 | Present Status and Future improvement of HIRFL-CSR | ion, target, injection, electron | 388 | ||
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The HIRFL-CSR project is a national mega project of China, which concentrates on heavy ion synchrotron and cooling storage ring. It is finished recently. The present commissioning results, testing experiments are introduced in this paper. The future improvement of the machine is also shown.
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| MOPD010 | Design of XFEL facility in Harima | klystron, controls, undulator, site | 466 | ||
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The 700m-long 8 GeV XFEL that was launched by RIKEN is now under construction and will be operational in FY 2010. The strong point of the XFEL facility in Japan is compact under keeping high-performance by applying Spring-8 numerous breakthroughs in accelerator-driven light sources technology. In order to support the high-performance of XFEL, the building was designed with a few architectural ideas. In this paper we introduce the design of building foundation and ground so as to control the transformation of floor which the devices are fixed to, and the design of air conditioning so as to control the temperature change around the devices.
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| TUPD017 | Design of Main Ring Dipole Power Supply for HIRFL-CSR | power-supply, controls, dipole, feedback | 1464 | ||
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This paper introduces the main circuit topologic, control method and double reference setting system of a dipole power supply which is the pivotal device of the HIRFL-CSR(Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou-Cooling Storage Ring). The power supply works at the pulse mode, with the peak output power of 3.15MW (3000A, 1045V). To fulfill difficult requirements especially for the tracking error, which is needed less than 300ppm, a special topologic is adopted. The power supply has two parts: SCR rectifier provides the most energy and PWM converter provides correcting current and perfect reaction for tracking current setting. Now the dipole power supply is performing well during the CSR commissioning, with the perfect tracking error, well long-time stability and low ripple current.
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| TUPP111 | Magnetic Design Improvement and Construction of the Large 90o Bending Magnet of the Vertical Beam Delivery Line of CNAO | superconductivity, ion, proton, controls | 1782 | ||
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The CNAO (Centro Nazionale di Adroterapia Oncologica) is the medical center dedicated to the cancer therapy, under construction in Italy. Protons with energy ranging from 60 to 250 MeV and carbon ions with energy 120 to 400 MeV/u will be delivered to patients in three different treatment rooms, of which one is served with both horizontal and vertical beams. The vertical line requires a 70 tons 90o bending magnet providing 1.81 T in a good field region of x = ± 100 by y = ± 100 mm2 with an integrated field quality (ΔBL/BL) at all field levels ≤ ± 2×10-4. Starting from the experience matured when constructing the large bending magnet for HICAT gantry, we have developed a design able to meet these more stringent requirements in both 2D and 3D and special attention was paid to the study of manufacturing tolerances
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| TUPP113 | Intensity Upgrade Programme for the HIT Injector Linac | rfq, ion, linac, ion-source | 1788 | ||
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The Heidelberg Ion Beam Therapy Centre (HIT) is a worldwide unique radiation therapy facility and the first installation of its kind in Europe. It is equipped with three treatment rooms and has the potential to irradiate over 1000 patients per year. To guarantee such a high patient throughput, i.e. based on short irradiation times, and in order to prepare upcoming clinical requirements the currently limited beam intensity (particles per spill) needs to be increased. In an endeavour to provide optimum conditions for the patient treatment an intensity upgrade programme for the injector linac has been initiated. It affects primarily the ion source and the RFQ but also other linac components. The largest influence on the linac transmission is expected by a new RFQ design with optimised electrodes, which is currently commissioned on a test bench. The update programme is accompanied by beam dynamics simulations and machine studies. First improvements are presented and the status of the programme is given.
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| TUPP116 | Development of Scanning System at HIMAC | target, controls, simulation, synchrotron | 1794 | ||
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A new treatment facility project, as an extension of the existing HIMAC facility, has been initiated for the further development of carbon-ion therapy. This new treatment facility will be equipped with a three-dimensional irradiation system with pencil beam scanning. For moving-tumor treatments with high accuracy, the most important part of the design study is how to realize this by scanning irradiation. For this purpose, we have studied a combination of the rescanning technique and the gated irradiation method. In order to avoid hot and/or cold spots even by a relatively larger number of rescannings within the acceptable irradiation time, we studied a fast scanning system. Further, this concept was experimentally demonstrated at the HIMAC. The design and the related study of the scanning system for the HIMAC new treatment facility will be presented.
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| TUPP130 | Development of 3D Dose Verification System for Scanned Ion Beam at HIMAC | brightness, ion, background, target | 1830 | ||
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A 3D dose imaging system has been developed for a project of a new cancer treatment with 3D pencil beam scanning at HIMAC. This system provides the dose measurements easily and rapidly. this system consists of a water tank, fluorescent screen and charge-coupled device, set at isocentor. The fluorescent screen is directly attached to the downstream side of water tank. One of great advantages of this system is to obtain 2D dose map at once, by correcting LET-dependent quenching. The procedure to verify 3D dose distribution is based on the 2D dose measurement of slice-by-slice under a water depth. We will present the measurement result of 3D dose distribution by the proposed method, and its comparison with that by the ionization chamber.
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| WEPC146 | Plasma Lens of the ITEP Heavy Ion Accelerator | plasma, ion, focusing, simulation | 2353 | ||
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At ITEP, on the bases of the TWAC-ITEP (Terawatt Accumulator) complex, a new facility is being built to conduct research at high energy densities in matter*. Application of a plasma lens to this area of research has a number of essential advantages in comparison with the traditional system based on quadruple lenses**. In accordance with the principal goals of this project, a pulse-power generator has been developed, with which a stable discharge current of up to 250 kA and duration of 4 μs has been achieved and which was used for experimental and theoretical investigation of the plasma lens performance. The plasma lens was installed into the exit channel of the TWAC accelerator complex, and its testing began by focusing of a C+6 beam with the ion energy of 200 MeV/a.u.m. As one of the first results, a minimum focal spot diameter of 350 μm FWHM has been measured at a target distance of 50 mm from the end of the discharge tube. The lens parameters were as follows: capacitance – 24 μF, charging voltage – 13 kV, discharge current – 220 kA, current half-wave – 4 μs, argon pressure – 3 mbar.
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*Sharkov B. Yu. et al. Nucl. Instr. Meth. A464 (2001), p. 1. |
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| WEPC151 | Magnetic Field Design and Calculation for the FLNR U400R Cyclotron | cyclotron, ion, simulation, acceleration | 2359 | ||
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Presently FLNR reconstructs the U400 cyclotron. The new, U400R cyclotron is intended to accelerate the ion beams with A/Z from 4 to 12 up to the energy 0.78 – 27 MeV/nucleon. The wide range of the magnetic field levels from 0.8T till 1.8T allows to make a smooth variation of the beam energy over the range ±60% from nominal. For optimization of the magnetic field the 14 pairs of radial correcting coils are used. The numerical formation of the magnetic field is carried out. At the present work the main problems and solutions of the magnetic field design are described.
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| WEPP015 | Experience with IBS-suppression Lattice in RHIC | lattice, luminosity, ion, emittance | 2557 | ||
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An intra-beam scattering (IBS) is the limiting factor of the luminosity lifetime for RHIC operating with heavy ions. In order to suppress the IBS we designed and implemented new lattice with higher betatron tunes. This lattice had been developed during last three years and had been used for gold ions in yellow ring of the RHIC during d-Au part of the RHIC Run-8. The use of this lattice allowed both significant increases in the luminosity lifetime and the luminosity levels via reduction of beta-stars in the IPs. In this paper we report on the development, the tests and the performance of IBS-suppression lattice in RHIC, including the resulting increases in the peak and the average luminosity. We also report on our plans for future steps with the IBS suppression.
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| WEPP018 | Operational Experience with a Near-integer Working Point at RHIC | proton, background, closed-orbit, dynamic-aperture | 2563 | ||
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During the RHIC polarized proton run in FY 2006 it became evident that the luminosity performance is limited by the beam-beam effect. With a working point between 2/3 and 7/10, and the necessity to mirror the tunes of the two RHIC rings at the diagonal, the beam with a horizontal tune closest to 2/3 showed poor lifetime. To overcome this limitation, a near-integer working point has been proposed. Tracking studies performed at both working points showed a larger dynamic aperture near the integer tune than above 2/3. In Run-8, this new working point was commissioned in one ring of RHIC, while the other ring was operated at the same working point as in Run-6. In this paper we report the commissioning process and operational experience with this new working point.
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| WEPP029 | Project of the Nuclotron-based Ion Collider Facility (NICA) at JINR | ion, collider, luminosity, electron | 2581 | ||
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The Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA) is the new accelerator complex being constructed at JINR aimed to provide collider experiments with heavy ions up to uranium at maximum energy (center of mass) equal to 9 GeV/u. It includes new 6 Mev/u linac, 440 MeV/u booster, upgraded SC synchrotron Nuclotron and collider consisting of two SC rings, which provide average luminosity of 1027cm-2s-1. General goal of the project is to start in the coming 5-7 years experimental study of hot and dense strongly interacting QCD matter and search for possible manifestation of signs of the mixed phase and critical endpoint in heavy ion collisions. The NICA and the Multi Purpose Detector (MPD) are proposed for these purposes. Accelerator complex NICA is being built on the experience and technological developments at the Nuclotron facility and incorporates new technological concepts. The new facility will allow also an effective acceleration of light ions to the Nuclotron maximum energy and an increase of intensity of polarized deuteron beams up to the level above 1010 particles/cycle. The scheme of the facility, its operation scenario and beam dynamics are presented in the report.
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| THPC101 | Transverse Schottky Noise and Beam Transfer Functions with Space Charge | space-charge, ion, emittance, synchrotron | 3212 | ||
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The heavy ion synchrotron SIS18 will serve as booster for the synchrotron SIS100 to be built as part of the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR). As such the SIS18 should accelerate ion beams with a factor of 10-100 higher intensity, compared to the present performance. Beams of such intensities may suffer instabilities due to collective effects. Particularly at injection-energy space charge and the resistive wall impedance will affect the beam remarkably. Experiments for the investigation of direct space charge were performed in SIS18. Transverse Schottky signals and beam transfer functions (BTF) of coasting ion beams affected by space charge were measured. A distortion of the Schottky bands and BTF was observed and compared to a simple model allowing for linear space charge. The model reproduced the deformation and yielded parameters of the beam.
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| THPC113 | Feedback Damper System for Quadrupole Oscillations after Transition at RHIC | feedback, quadrupole, damping, emittance | 3242 | ||
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The heavy ion beam at RHIC undergoes a strong quadrupole oscillations just after it crosses transition, which in turn leads to an increase in bunch length making rebucketing less effective. A feedback system was built to damp these quadrupole oscillations and in this paper the characteristics of the system and the results obtained are presented and discussed.
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| THPP020 | Progress in the ALPI -PIAVE Low-beta Section Upgrade | linac, acceleration, ion, controls | 3413 | ||
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The low-b section of the PIAVE-ALPI superconducting linac is being upgraded in order to increase its energy gain from approximately 10 to about 20 MeV/q. This large increase of the accelerating voltage will be obtained by increasing by 20% the number of low-beta bulk niobium quarter-wave resonators and by upgrading the old rf system, underdimensioned in comparison with the resonator performance. This will lead to a significant enhancement of the linac capabilities, including the possibility of acceleration well above the Coulomb barrier heavy ions with any mass number. Status and technical details of the upgrade program will be described.
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| THPP021 | Status of the Unilac-upgrade Programme for the Heavy Element Research at GSI-Ship | rfq, ion, ion-source, extraction | 3416 | ||
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For more than 30 years the heavy-element research using the velocity separator SHIP is one of the major experiments at GSIs heavy ion linear accelerator UNILAC. On of the major contributions which led to the discovery of six new elements since 1981 is the perpetual effort to increase the beam intensity. Since the early 1990's the beam current available was raised significantly by a number of improvements concerning the source, the LEBT and the accelerator. The next steps are scheduled for 2009 and include an upgrade of the Radio Frequency Quadrupole-accelerator (RFQ) and a new superconducting 28 GHz-ECR ion source. The new RFQ will allow higher duty factors up to 100% and improve the longitudinal beam quality as well as the beam transmission. The new ion source will provide an increase in beam intensity and simultaneously higher charge states. The new source will be installed in addition to the existing one, therefore a second LEBT-system has to be designed and integrated into the High Charge State Injector. This paper presents the status quo of both the RFQ and the ion source upgrade and will provide technical data.
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| THPP022 | IH Linac with Higher-order Modes | linac, acceleration, ion, resonance | 3419 | ||
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As one of a drift tube type linac, an Interdigital H-type (IH) linac has been applied for ion acceleration in low beta range. It can realize a resonant cavity of convenient size at low frequency band and higher shunt impedance at low velocity range. These characteristics are advantageous especially for heavy ion acceleration; therefore, this structure has been applied for heavy ion cancer therapy. The RF field is resonated in TE111 mode and the electric field does not have the axial field component. The accelerating field is excited by using the electrode of Interdigital shape. In order to apply this structure to intermediate beta range, we propose a IH linac with the TE11n mode of the higher-order mode (HOM). Although the operating frequency becomes higher by using HOM, it is convenient to accelerate ion beam of intermediate energy. The design of the cavity structure and the possibility are presented.
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| THPP037 | A Decelerator for Heavy Highly Charge Ions at HITRAP | emittance, ion, linac, background | 3449 | ||
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The heavy highly charged ion trap (HITRAP) project at GSI is in the commissioning phase. Highly charged ions up to U92+ provided by the GSI accelerator facility will be decelerated and subsequently injected into a large Penning trap for further cooling almost to rest. A combination of an IH- and an RFQ-structure decelerates the ions from 4 MeV/u down to 6 keV/u. In front of the decelerator a double drift-buncher-system provides for phase focusing and a final de-buncher integrated in the RFQ-tank reduces the energy spread in order to improve the efficiency for beam capture in the cooler trap. This contribution concentrates on the beam dynamics simulations and corresponding measurements in the first commissioning beam times.
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| THPP053 | One-dimensional Ordering of Protons by the Electron Cooling | ion, proton, electron, emittance | 3485 | ||
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One of the main subjects of the compact cooler ring, S-LSR at Kyoto University is the physics of the ultra cold ion beam, such as the ordered beam and the crystalline beam, using the electron and laser cooling. The one-dimensional ordering of protons has been studied at S-LSR, while the ordering the highly charged heavy ions has been found at ESR and CRYRING. Abrupt jumps in the momentum spread and the Schottky noise power have been observed for protons at a particle number of around 2000. The beam temperature was 0.17 meV and 1 meV in the longitudinal and transverse directions at the transition, respectively. The normalized transition temperature of protons is close to those of heavy ions at ESR. The lowest longitudinal beam temperature below the transition was 0.3 K. It is close to the longitudinal electron temperature. The dependence of the ordering conditions on the betatron tune and the transverse beam temperature have been also studied. These results will be presented in the presentation.
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| THPP069 | Status of the Superconducting Ring Cyclotron at RIKEN RI Beam Factory | cyclotron, ion, acceleration, extraction | 3518 | ||
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A superconducting ring cyclotron (SRC) was successfully commissioned to work as the final energy booster of the RI beam factory (RIBF) in RIKEN. SRC is the world's first ring cyclotron that uses superconducting magnets, and has the strongest beam bending force among the cyclotrons. It can boost the ion beam energy up to 440 MeV/nucleon for light ions and 350 MeV/nucleon for very heavy ions such as uranium nuclei to produce intense radioactive beams. The ring cyclotron consists of 6 major superconducting sector magnets with a maximum field of 3.8T. The total stored energy is 240MJ, and its overall sizes are 19 m diameter, 8 m height and 8,100 tons. The magnet system assembly was completed in August 2005, and successfully reached the maximum field in November 2005. After magnetic field measurements for two months, the other hardware than the superconducting magnets was installed. The first beam was extracted from SRC on 12/28/2006. From May 2007 we started to supply uranium beams to nuclear scientist to produce RI beams. This talk will describe the milestones that were achieved during the commissioning as well as some of the issues that still need to be resolved.
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