MEDSI2023 - List of Keywords (optics)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
TUOAM04	New Developments and Status of XAIRA, the New Microfocus MX Beamline at the ALBA Synchrotron	detector, synchrotron, cryogenics, experiment	5
	N. González, C. Colldelram, A. Crisol, D. Garriga, J. Juanhuix, J. Nicolàs, M. Quispe, I. Šics ALBA-CELLS, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
	The new BL06-XAIRA microfocus macromolecular crystallography beamline at ALBA synchrotron is currently under commissioning and foreseen to enter into user operation in 2024. The aim of XAIRA is to provide a 4-14 keV, stable, high flux beam, focused to 3×1 µm2 FWHM. The beamline includes a novel monochromator design combining a cryocooled Si(111) channel-cut and a double multilayer diffracting optics for high stability and high flux; and new mirror benders with dynamical thermal bump and figure error correctors. In order to reduce X-ray parasitic scattering with air and maximize the photon flux, the entire end station, including sample environment, cryostream and detector, is enclosed in a helium chamber. The sub-100nm SoC diffractometer, based on a unique helium bearing goniometer also compatible with air, is designed to support fast oscillation experiments, raster scans and helical scans while allowing a tight sample to detector distance. The beamline is also equipped with a double on-axis visualization system for sample imaging at sub-micron resolutions. The general status of the beamline is presented here with particular detail on the in-house fully developed end station design.
	Slides TUOAM04 [6.526 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-TUOAM04
About •	Received ※ 27 October 2023 — Revised ※ 03 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 10 November 2023 — Issued ※ 15 May 2024
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUOAM05	Thermal-Deformation-Based X-Ray Active Optics Development in IHEP	synchrotron, vacuum, radiation, synchrotron-radiation	10
	F.G. Yang, D.Z. Diao, H. Dong, J. Han, M. Li, W.F. Sheng, S.F. Wang, X.W. Zhang IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China L. Kang IHEP CSNS, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
	Funding: National Natural Science Foundation of China (11505212, 11875059); Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (2019012). Advanced light source require small wavefront distortion to maintain the quality of the X-ray beam. Active optical wavefront correction technology is a very important solution to solve the service problems of ultra-precise devices under such conditions. In this paper, we will report our recent progress on this active optics system development including surface metrology and mirror modulation. Based on the research of laser-heating-based thermal deformation modulation technology, this project proposes to modify the mirror surface of X-ray mirrors based on semiconductor microfabrication process, and modulate the local deformation of the mirror surface by electric heating to realize the surface shape correction /modulation of X-ray mirrors. Since the modulation unit acts directly on the reflective region of the mirror surface, it has a better surface shape correction capability than the conventional body deformation modulation. The solution also has the advantage of high efficiency and low cost. *Yang F, Li M, Gao L, et al. Laser-heating-based active optics for synchrotron radiation applications[J]. Optics Letters, 2016, 41(12): 2815-2818.
	Slides TUOAM05 [18.205 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-TUOAM05
About •	Received ※ 02 November 2023 — Revised ※ 03 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 09 November 2023 — Issued ※ 01 February 2024
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TUOBM06	MINERVA, a New X-ray Facility for the Characterization of the ATHENA Mirror Modules at the ALBA Synchrotron	vacuum, detector, MMI, synchrotron	28
	A. Carballedo, J.J. Casas, C. Colldelram, A. Crisol, G. Cuní, D. Heinis, J. Nicolàs, A. Sánchez, N. Valls Vidal ALBA-CELLS, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain N. Barrière, M.J. Collon, G. Vacanti Cosine Measurement Systems, Warmond, The Netherlands M. Bavdaz, I. Ferreira ESA-ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands L. Cibic, M. Krumrey, D. Skroblin PTB, Berlin, Germany
	Funding: MINERVA is funded by the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation. In this paper we present the newly built beamline MINERVA, an X-ray facility at the ALBA synchrotron. The beamline has been designed to support the development of the X ray observatory ATHENA (Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics). MINERVA will host the necessary metrology equipment to integrate the stacks produced by cosine in a mirror module (MM) and characterize their optical performances. The optical and mechanical design is based on the XPBF 2.0 from the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), at BESSY II already in use to this effect and its construction is meant to significantly augment the capability to produce MM. The development of MINERVA has addressed the need for improved technical specifications, overcome existing limitations and achieve enhanced mechanical performances. We describe the design, construction process and implementation of Minerva that lasted three years. Even though the beamline is still under a commissioning phase, we expose tests and analysis that have been recently performed, remarking the improvements accomplished and the challenges to overcome, in order to reach the operational readiness for the mirror modules mass production.
	Slides TUOBM06 [47.675 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-TUOBM06
About •	Received ※ 24 October 2023 — Revised ※ 03 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 09 November 2023 — Issued ※ 09 February 2024
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TUPYP005	On the Performance of Cryogenic Cooling Systems for Optical Elements at Sirius/LNLS	controls, cryogenics, operation, ECR	40
	B.A. Francisco, M.P. Calcanha, R.R. Geraldes, L.M. Kofukuda, G.P. Lima, M. Saveri Silva, L.M. Volpe LNLS, Campinas, Brazil
	Funding: Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MCTI) Sirius’ long beamlines are equipped with cryogenic cooled optics to take advantage of the Silicon thermal diffusivity and expansion at those temperatures, contributing to the preservation of the beam profile. A series of improvements was evaluated from the experience in the employment of such cooling systems during the early years of operation. The main topic refers to the prevention of instabilities in the temperature of the optics due to variations in the liquid nitrogen cylinder pressure, refill automation or progressive variations of the convective coefficient into the cryostat. This work discusses the performance of these systems after optimizing the pressure of the vessels and their control logics, the effectiveness of occasional purges, cool down techniques, and presents the monitoring interface and interlock architecture. Moreover, we present the reached solution for achieving higher beam stability, considering liquid nitrogen flow active control (commercial and in-house). Also propose the approach for the future 350 mA operation, including different cooling mechanisms.
	Poster TUPYP005 [1.250 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-TUPYP005
About •	Received ※ 24 October 2023 — Revised ※ 03 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 22 November 2023 — Issued ※ 18 July 2024
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TUPYP028	Thermal Analysis Software for Optical Elements of Hefei Advanced Light Facility*	software, interface, synchrotron, radiation	73
	M.H. Lin, J. Chen, S.K. Jiang, Q.P. Wang, Z. Wang USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
	Thermal deformation is a key influencing factor in the surface shape of optical components for beamline optics. In the process of beamline design, it is necessary not only to select different cooling schemes based on thermal loading conditions but also to extensively optimize the parameters of these cooling schemes. The traditional approach for optimizing cooling scheme design often requires significant manual effort. By integrating existing experience in optimizing cooling scheme designs, this study transforms the parameterized design tasks that were originally performed manually into automated processes using software. This paper presents the latest advancements in the automated design software for cooling schemes of beamline optical components, and the results indicate that the optimization outcomes of the existing automated design software are close to those achieved through manual optimization.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-TUPYP028
About •	Received ※ 01 November 2023 — Revised ※ 03 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 08 November 2023 — Issued ※ 03 December 2023
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TUPYP030	The Design of High Stability Double Crystal Monochromator for HALF	synchrotron, vacuum, cryogenics, radiation	76
	Z.L. Xu, J. Chen, X.W. Du, Y. Peng, Q.P. Wang USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
	HALF is a fourth-generation synchrotron light source with a number of state-of-the-art beamlines. Naturally, the new 4th generation machines, with their small emittances, start to bring higher stability performance requirements. In response to these problems, an concept of a high stability DCM (Double Crystal Monochromator) with angular range between 14 and 81 degrees (equivalent to 2 to 8 keV with Si(111)) has been developed at the National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory. This poster gives an overview of the DCM prototype project including specifications, Mechanical design, heat load management and stability consideration.
	Poster TUPYP030 [1.221 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-TUPYP030
About •	Received ※ 25 October 2023 — Revised ※ 04 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 08 November 2023 — Issued ※ 24 January 2024
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TUPYP037	Mechanical Design of Multilayer Kirkpatrick-Baez (KB) Mirror System for Structural Dynamics Beamline (SDB) at High Energy Photon Source (HEPS)	simulation, synchrotron, experiment, photon	82
	R.Y. Liao, L. Gao, Z.N. Ou, S. Tang, H.H. Yu, B.B. Zhang IHEP, People’s Republic of China
	SDB aims in-situ real-time diagnosis in dynamic compression science and additive manufacturing. Nano-experimental environment requires highly multilayer KB mirror system in thermal deformation and stability of mechanism. This paper illustrates the KB cooling scheme and mechanical design. Only using variable-length water cooling to control the temperature and thermal deformation of mirror has limitations here. First, the installation of cooling system should be non-contact so that the surface shape can be sophisticatedly controlled without deformation of chucking power. Second, the distance between the HKB and the sample stage is too small to arrange the cooling pipe. Third, the KB mirror has multi-dimensional attitude adjustment. Cu water cooling pipe would be dragged with adjustment thus it has to be bent for motion decoupling, which occupies considerable space. Thus, the Cu cooling block and water cooling pipe are connected by copper braid. Eutectic Gallium-Indium fills a 100 ¿m gap between the cooling block and KB mirror to avoid chunking power deformation. Finally, the structural stability and chamber sealability is analyzed.
	Poster TUPYP037 [1.234 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-TUPYP037
About •	Received ※ 24 October 2023 — Revised ※ 04 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 08 November 2023 — Issued ※ 12 April 2024
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WEOAM02	A Vacuum Aspirated Cryo Cooling System (VACCS)	controls, cryogenics, vacuum, synchrotron	121
	G.M.A. Duller, D.L. Magrath, M. Nagy, B. Olafsson DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
	The use of liquid nitrogen for cooling of synchrotron equipment is widespread. The cryogenic sub-coolers commonly employed come with some significant drawbacks such as cost, complexity, stiffness of distribution lines, and vibration induced by pressure variations. The typical sub-cooler is capable of handling 2-3kW of absorbed power whilst many optics require no more than 50-150W of cooling. We present a Vacuum Aspirated Cryo-cooling System (VACCS) which overcomes many of these disadvantages and which allows cryo-cooling to be implemented more widely. The VACCS system uses a vacuum, generated with no moving parts, to draw LN2 through a heat exchanger. Thus the system does not have to be pressure rated. We describe our designs for highly flexible distribution lines. A simple control system offers variable temperature at the heat exchanger by varying the flowrate of LN2. A system is installed at Diamond which allows the independent control of three zones. A test rig has demonstrated cooling capacity in excess of 100W for a monochromator crystal assembly and controlled temperatures -194¿-120C.
	Slides WEOAM02 [21.578 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-WEOAM02
About •	Received ※ 31 October 2023 — Revised ※ 27 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 08 November 2023 — Issued ※ 08 January 2024
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WEPPP019	Coating Removal of Silicon-Based Mirror in Synchrotron Radiation by Soluble Underlayers	synchrotron, synchrotron-radiation, radiation, photon	181
	Q. Hou, G.C. Chang, B. Ji, M. Li, S.P. Yue IHEP, People’s Republic of China
	Multilayer optics is widely used for the x-ray beam monochromatization, focusing, and collimation in synchrotron light source. However, the multilayer coatings might be damaged by the high heat loads, the poor film adhesion, the high internal stress, or the inadequate vacuum conditions. As a result, it is essential to develop a method to make the optical substrate reusable without compromising its quality. In our published work, we successfully prepared a W/B4C multilayer coating with a 2 nm Cr buffer layer on a small-sized Si wafer. The coating was stripped from the Si substrate by dissolving the Cr buffer layer using an etchant. After the etching process, the sample’s roughness was comparable to that of a brand-new substrate. We have since utilized this method to clean the multilayers on the surface of a 20 cm × 5 cm silicon-based mirror for High Energy Photon Source (HEPS). The surface roughness and shape were measured, and they reached the level of a brand-new mirror.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-WEPPP019
About •	Received ※ 02 November 2023 — Revised ※ 04 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 06 November 2023 — Issued ※ 19 December 2023
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WEPPP024	Design of a Hard X-Ray Nanoprobe based on FZP	vacuum, controls, detector, SRF	184
	K.L. Liao, P.Y. Li, M.H. Song Jinan Hanjiang Opto-Electronics Technology Company Ltd., Jinan, People’s Republic of China Q.L. He, P.P. Zhu IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China W.Q. Hua, P. Zhou SARI-CAS, Pudong, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China L. Luo TUB, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
	A high-resolution hard X-ray nanoprobe (HXNP) based on Fresnel Zone plate (FZP) was designed. The HXNP relies on a compact, high stiffness, low heat dissipation and low vibration design philosophy and utilizes FZP as nanofocusing optics. The optical layout and overall mechanical design of the HXNP were introduced. Several important modules, such as probe module, sample module, interferometer module and vacuum chambers were discussed in detail.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-WEPPP024
About •	Received ※ 02 November 2023 — Revised ※ 04 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 10 November 2023 — Issued ※ 12 April 2024
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WEPPP032	Photon Slits Prototype for High Beam Power Using Rotational Motions	photon, operation, undulator, vacuum	196
	X. Liu, W. Cheng, L. Hudson, H. Patel, A.C. Walters DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
	A new slits prototype utilising a rotatable oxygen-free high thermal conductivity (OFHC) copper block to absorb high heat load is developed for the Diamond-II upgrade. The slits will be used at front end of Diamond I13 X-ray Imaging and Coherence beamline which has two canted beamline branches. Required by the beamline optics, the front end slits function as virtual sources for the 250 meters long beamline. Working for the dual beam geometry, these specialised slits can vary the size of one x-ray beam with rotational motions while allowing the second beam to pass through unaffected. The rotational operations of the slits are achieved by an innovative commercial flex pivot and a unique in-house designed pivoting flexure.
	Poster WEPPP032 [1.377 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-WEPPP032
About •	Received ※ 24 October 2023 — Revised ※ 04 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 09 November 2023 — Issued ※ 18 February 2024
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WEPPP041	The Joy of Vibration Mitigation	ISOL, damping, acceleration, synchrotron	212
	J.H. Kelly, S.G. Alcock, S.A. Beamish, D. Crivelli DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
	The decision was made to build a new Optics Metrology Lab at the Diamond Light Source in a location with 100 times higher floor velocity in the range 50-150Hz than the original location. This paper describes the successful engineering developments to mitigate this. The raft of measures included ‘skyhook¿ damping i.e. active damping using geophone velocity feedback, novel 2 stage passive vibration isolation and fundamental research into acoustic coupling of air conditioning noise. The new systems have been installed, the final performance tested and the optics scientists have been able to continue their sensitive measurements.
	Poster WEPPP041 [1.826 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-WEPPP041
About •	Received ※ 31 October 2023 — Revised ※ 05 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 08 November 2023 — Issued ※ 25 March 2024
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THOAM04	Overall Progress on Development of X-ray Optics Mechanical Systems at High Energy Photon Source (HEPS)	synchrotron, vacuum, synchrotron-radiation, radiation	252
	S. Tang, Y.H. Dong, X.H. Kuang, M. Li, H. Liang, R.Y. Liao, L.H. Ma, Z.N. Ou, H. Qian, Z.R. Ren, W.F. Sheng, J. Wang, R.Z. Xu, H.H. Yu IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
	Funding: This work is supported by the project of High Energy Photon Source (HEPS). High Energy Photon Source (HEPS) regarded as a new 4th generation synchrotron radiation facility, is under construction in a virgin green field in Beijing, China. The X-ray optics/mirror mechanical systems (MMS) play an important role, which would be expected to be designed carefully and rigidly for the extremely stable performance requirement of HEPS. In addition, there are indeed big challenges due to so many types of mirror systems, such as white beam mirror (WBM), harmonic suppression mirror (HSM), combined deflecting mirror (CDM), bending mirror, Nano-KB, and the transfocator of Compound refractive lens (CRLs), etc. Therefore, overall progress on design and maunfacturing of the MMS is introduced, in which a promoting strategy and generic mirror mechanical system as a key technology is presented and developed for the project of HEPS. Furthermore, ultra-stable structucture, multi-DOF precision positioning, Eutectic Galium Indium (E-GaIn)-based vibration-decoupling watercooling, clamping, and bending have always been prior designs and considerations. Shanzhi Tang, Weifan Sheng, Jianye Wang, et al, Overall progress on the design of mirror mechanical systems at High Energy Photon Source (HEPS), SRI2021, Hamburg Germany, 2022. POSTER
	Slides THOAM04 [2.328 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-THOAM04
About •	Received ※ 30 October 2023 — Revised ※ 05 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 10 November 2023 — Issued ※ 18 July 2024
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THPPP003	FEM Simulations for a High Heat Load Mirror	polarization, synchrotron, simulation, undulator	274
	J. Seltmann, H. Geraissate, M. Hoesch DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	At the variable polarization XUV beamline P04 of PETRA III the first mirror is used to switch the beam between the two branches of the beamline. The heat load on this white beam mirror is dependent on the degree of polarization and the energy of the first harmonic of the synchrotron radiation. For this project the water cooled "notched" mirror approach by Khounsary* and Zhang et al.** has been evaluated with FEM simulations. These show promising results for linear horizontal (LH) polarization in which the heat load profile is aligned with the mirror length. For linear vertical (LV) polarization the heat load is concentrated in the mirror centre, which violates the basic concept of the "notched" mirror design and therefore the simulation results indicate only poor performance. To compensate for this a secondary cooling loop has been implemented and will be shown to improve the performance for the LV case significantly. Additionally, a new design approach is evaluated to reduce the peak temperatures of the mirror, which otherwise ranged at 140-180°C. * Khounsary, A.M., Proc. SPIE 3773, X-Ray Opt. Des., (1999). 10.1117/12.370114 ** Zhang, L. et al., J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 425, 052029 (2013). 10.1088/1742-6596/425/5/052029.
	Poster THPPP003 [1.369 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-THPPP003
About •	Received ※ 24 October 2023 — Revised ※ 05 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 08 November 2023 — Issued ※ 28 May 2024
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THPPP007	Optimizing Indirect Cooling of a High Accuracy Surface Plane Mirror in Plane-Grating Monochromator	synchrotron, SRF, brightness, ECR	280
	J. Chen, X.W. Du, M.H. Lin, Q.P. Wang, Z. Wang USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
	Funding: This work is supported by the Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) and the Anhui province government for key techniques R&D of Hefei Advanced Light Facility. For the cooling of the plane mirror in VIA-PGMs (var-iable-included-angle plane-grating monochromators), the top-side indirect cooling based on water is preferred for its advantages, such as cheaper, easier to use, smart notches, etc, when compared to the internal cooling. But it also arises challenges to control the RMS residual slope error of the mirror, whose requirement is less than 100 nano-radian. This requirement is even hard to fulfill, when combined with 1) the asymmetry thermal defor-mation on the meridian of the footprint area during the energy scanning, 2) the high heat load deduced by the synchrotron light and 3) the no obvious effects of the classical optimizations, such as increasing footprint size, cooling efficiency or adding smart notches. An effective way was found after numerous attempts, which is to make the footprint area far from the mirror¿s edge to reduce the asymmetry of the thermal deformation except for leading to a longer mirror. This paper will illustrate how the asymmetry affects the mirror¿s residual slope error and then, focus on the relationship among the asymmetry of cooling and the distance to provide a ref-erence for optical cooling.
	Poster THPPP007 [1.805 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-THPPP007
About •	Received ※ 26 October 2023 — Revised ※ 06 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 08 November 2023 — Issued ※ 04 March 2024
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THPPP008	Optimization of Thermal Deformation of a Horizontally Deflecting High-Heat-Load Mirror Based on eInGa Bath Cooling	synchrotron, radiation, factory, undulator	283
	J. Chen, X.W. Du, M.H. Lin, Q.P. Wang, Z. Wang USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
	Funding: This work is supported by the Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) and the Anhui province government for key techniques R&D of Hefei Advanced Light Facility. The synchrotron facility are developing towards higher brightness, lower divergence, narrower pulse, higher stability, etc. Therefore, the requirements of the first mirror of the beamline, who bear high-heat-load, were upgraded, and the performances of the mirror will be affected easily by other factors, such as flow induced vibration, clamping force, etc. Indirect water cooling based on eInGa bath is regarded as an effective mean to solve these thorny problems in designing of the first mirror cooling. However, for the case a horizontal de-flection mirror, the unilateral cooling method is usually adopted, resulting in some changes in the structure of the mirror. In this paper, a first mirror horizontally deflect-ing in Hefei advanced light source (HALF) are taken as examples to introduce the optimization method to achieve ultra-low meridian slope error of the first hori-zontal deflection mirror. The results show that this opti-mization method provides a rapid design mean to design the cooling scheme of the horizontally deflecting mirror based on the eInGa bath.
	Poster THPPP008 [2.901 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-THPPP008
About •	Received ※ 01 November 2023 — Revised ※ 06 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 08 November 2023 — Issued ※ 26 February 2024
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THPPP009	The Heat Load Calculation in the Grating-Based Beamline at Hefei Advanced Light Facility (HALF)	synchrotron, undulator, synchrotron-radiation, radiation	287
	Z. Wang, J. Chen, X.W. Du, D. Feng, Q.P. Wang USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
	Funding: This work is supported by the Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) and the Anhui province government for key techniques R&D of Hefei diffraction limited light source. For the 4th generation synchrotron radiation (SR) light source, the heat load causes severe thermal deformation on the beamline optics as the emittance is reaching at the physical limit. The precise calculation of heat load on the optical elements is important for the thermal analysis including cooling method and thermal deformation simulation. A heat load calculation code has been developed for grating based SR beamline optics, which consists of modules of SR source simulation, mirror reflectivity and grating efficiency. The calculation results has been checked with SRCalc results. This code has been used to calculate the heat load of the Test Beamline optics at Hefei Advanced Light Facility (HALF). The heat absorbed by the first three optical elements¿including a toroidal mirror, a plane mirror and a plane grating¿is calculated. [1]R. Reininger. SRCalc (2001). Unpublished [2]L. Rebuffi, et.el., J. Synchrotron Radiat. 27: 1108-1120 (2020). [3]Z. Sun, et.al., The Innovation, 4 (6), 100514 (2023).
	Poster THPPP009 [1.853 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-THPPP009
About •	Received ※ 25 October 2023 — Revised ※ 05 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 08 November 2023 — Issued ※ 09 January 2024
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Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

TUOAM04

New Developments and Status of XAIRA, the New Microfocus MX Beamline at the ALBA Synchrotron

detector, synchrotron, cryogenics, experiment

5

N. González, C. Colldelram, A. Crisol, D. Garriga, J. Juanhuix, J. Nicolàs, M. Quispe, I. Šics
ALBA-CELLS, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain

The new BL06-XAIRA microfocus macromolecular crystallography beamline at ALBA synchrotron is currently under commissioning and foreseen to enter into user operation in 2024. The aim of XAIRA is to provide a 4-14 keV, stable, high flux beam, focused to 3×1 µm2 FWHM. The beamline includes a novel monochromator design combining a cryocooled Si(111) channel-cut and a double multilayer diffracting optics for high stability and high flux; and new mirror benders with dynamical thermal bump and figure error correctors. In order to reduce X-ray parasitic scattering with air and maximize the photon flux, the entire end station, including sample environment, cryostream and detector, is enclosed in a helium chamber. The sub-100nm SoC diffractometer, based on a unique helium bearing goniometer also compatible with air, is designed to support fast oscillation experiments, raster scans and helical scans while allowing a tight sample to detector distance. The beamline is also equipped with a double on-axis visualization system for sample imaging at sub-micron resolutions. The general status of the beamline is presented here with particular detail on the in-house fully developed end station design.

Slides TUOAM04 [6.526 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-TUOAM04

About •

Received ※ 27 October 2023 — Revised ※ 03 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 10 November 2023 — Issued ※ 15 May 2024

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reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUOAM05

Thermal-Deformation-Based X-Ray Active Optics Development in IHEP

synchrotron, vacuum, radiation, synchrotron-radiation

10

F.G. Yang, D.Z. Diao, H. Dong, J. Han, M. Li, W.F. Sheng, S.F. Wang, X.W. Zhang
IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
L. Kang
IHEP CSNS, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China

Funding: National Natural Science Foundation of China (11505212, 11875059); Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (2019012).
Advanced light source require small wavefront distortion to maintain the quality of the X-ray beam. Active optical wavefront correction technology is a very important solution to solve the service problems of ultra-precise devices under such conditions. In this paper, we will report our recent progress on this active optics system development including surface metrology and mirror modulation. Based on the research of laser-heating-based thermal deformation modulation technology, this project proposes to modify the mirror surface of X-ray mirrors based on semiconductor microfabrication process, and modulate the local deformation of the mirror surface by electric heating to realize the surface shape correction /modulation of X-ray mirrors. Since the modulation unit acts directly on the reflective region of the mirror surface, it has a better surface shape correction capability than the conventional body deformation modulation. The solution also has the advantage of high efficiency and low cost.
*Yang F, Li M, Gao L, et al. Laser-heating-based active optics for synchrotron radiation applications[J]. Optics Letters, 2016, 41(12): 2815-2818.

Slides TUOAM05 [18.205 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-TUOAM05

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Received ※ 02 November 2023 — Revised ※ 03 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 09 November 2023 — Issued ※ 01 February 2024

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TUOBM06

MINERVA, a New X-ray Facility for the Characterization of the ATHENA Mirror Modules at the ALBA Synchrotron

vacuum, detector, MMI, synchrotron

28

A. Carballedo, J.J. Casas, C. Colldelram, A. Crisol, G. Cuní, D. Heinis, J. Nicolàs, A. Sánchez, N. Valls Vidal
ALBA-CELLS, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
N. Barrière, M.J. Collon, G. Vacanti
Cosine Measurement Systems, Warmond, The Netherlands
M. Bavdaz, I. Ferreira
ESA-ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands
L. Cibic, M. Krumrey, D. Skroblin
PTB, Berlin, Germany

Funding: MINERVA is funded by the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation.
In this paper we present the newly built beamline MINERVA, an X-ray facility at the ALBA synchrotron. The beamline has been designed to support the development of the X ray observatory ATHENA (Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics). MINERVA will host the necessary metrology equipment to integrate the stacks produced by cosine in a mirror module (MM) and characterize their optical performances. The optical and mechanical design is based on the XPBF 2.0 from the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), at BESSY II already in use to this effect and its construction is meant to significantly augment the capability to produce MM. The development of MINERVA has addressed the need for improved technical specifications, overcome existing limitations and achieve enhanced mechanical performances. We describe the design, construction process and implementation of Minerva that lasted three years. Even though the beamline is still under a commissioning phase, we expose tests and analysis that have been recently performed, remarking the improvements accomplished and the challenges to overcome, in order to reach the operational readiness for the mirror modules mass production.

Slides TUOBM06 [47.675 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-TUOBM06

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Received ※ 24 October 2023 — Revised ※ 03 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 09 November 2023 — Issued ※ 09 February 2024

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TUPYP005

On the Performance of Cryogenic Cooling Systems for Optical Elements at Sirius/LNLS

controls, cryogenics, operation, ECR

40

B.A. Francisco, M.P. Calcanha, R.R. Geraldes, L.M. Kofukuda, G.P. Lima, M. Saveri Silva, L.M. Volpe
LNLS, Campinas, Brazil

Funding: Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MCTI)
Sirius’ long beamlines are equipped with cryogenic cooled optics to take advantage of the Silicon thermal diffusivity and expansion at those temperatures, contributing to the preservation of the beam profile. A series of improvements was evaluated from the experience in the employment of such cooling systems during the early years of operation. The main topic refers to the prevention of instabilities in the temperature of the optics due to variations in the liquid nitrogen cylinder pressure, refill automation or progressive variations of the convective coefficient into the cryostat. This work discusses the performance of these systems after optimizing the pressure of the vessels and their control logics, the effectiveness of occasional purges, cool down techniques, and presents the monitoring interface and interlock architecture. Moreover, we present the reached solution for achieving higher beam stability, considering liquid nitrogen flow active control (commercial and in-house). Also propose the approach for the future 350 mA operation, including different cooling mechanisms.

Poster TUPYP005 [1.250 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-TUPYP005

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Received ※ 24 October 2023 — Revised ※ 03 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 22 November 2023 — Issued ※ 18 July 2024

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TUPYP028

Thermal Analysis Software for Optical Elements of Hefei Advanced Light Facility*

software, interface, synchrotron, radiation

73

M.H. Lin, J. Chen, S.K. Jiang, Q.P. Wang, Z. Wang
USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China

Thermal deformation is a key influencing factor in the surface shape of optical components for beamline optics. In the process of beamline design, it is necessary not only to select different cooling schemes based on thermal loading conditions but also to extensively optimize the parameters of these cooling schemes. The traditional approach for optimizing cooling scheme design often requires significant manual effort. By integrating existing experience in optimizing cooling scheme designs, this study transforms the parameterized design tasks that were originally performed manually into automated processes using software. This paper presents the latest advancements in the automated design software for cooling schemes of beamline optical components, and the results indicate that the optimization outcomes of the existing automated design software are close to those achieved through manual optimization.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-TUPYP028

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Received ※ 01 November 2023 — Revised ※ 03 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 08 November 2023 — Issued ※ 03 December 2023

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TUPYP030

The Design of High Stability Double Crystal Monochromator for HALF

synchrotron, vacuum, cryogenics, radiation

76

Z.L. Xu, J. Chen, X.W. Du, Y. Peng, Q.P. Wang
USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China

HALF is a fourth-generation synchrotron light source with a number of state-of-the-art beamlines. Naturally, the new 4th generation machines, with their small emittances, start to bring higher stability performance requirements. In response to these problems, an concept of a high stability DCM (Double Crystal Monochromator) with angular range between 14 and 81 degrees (equivalent to 2 to 8 keV with Si(111)) has been developed at the National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory. This poster gives an overview of the DCM prototype project including specifications, Mechanical design, heat load management and stability consideration.

Poster TUPYP030 [1.221 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-TUPYP030

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Received ※ 25 October 2023 — Revised ※ 04 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 08 November 2023 — Issued ※ 24 January 2024

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TUPYP037

Mechanical Design of Multilayer Kirkpatrick-Baez (KB) Mirror System for Structural Dynamics Beamline (SDB) at High Energy Photon Source (HEPS)

simulation, synchrotron, experiment, photon

82

R.Y. Liao, L. Gao, Z.N. Ou, S. Tang, H.H. Yu, B.B. Zhang
IHEP, People’s Republic of China

SDB aims in-situ real-time diagnosis in dynamic compression science and additive manufacturing. Nano-experimental environment requires highly multilayer KB mirror system in thermal deformation and stability of mechanism. This paper illustrates the KB cooling scheme and mechanical design. Only using variable-length water cooling to control the temperature and thermal deformation of mirror has limitations here. First, the installation of cooling system should be non-contact so that the surface shape can be sophisticatedly controlled without deformation of chucking power. Second, the distance between the HKB and the sample stage is too small to arrange the cooling pipe. Third, the KB mirror has multi-dimensional attitude adjustment. Cu water cooling pipe would be dragged with adjustment thus it has to be bent for motion decoupling, which occupies considerable space. Thus, the Cu cooling block and water cooling pipe are connected by copper braid. Eutectic Gallium-Indium fills a 100 ¿m gap between the cooling block and KB mirror to avoid chunking power deformation. Finally, the structural stability and chamber sealability is analyzed.

Poster TUPYP037 [1.234 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-TUPYP037

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Received ※ 24 October 2023 — Revised ※ 04 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 08 November 2023 — Issued ※ 12 April 2024

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WEOAM02

A Vacuum Aspirated Cryo Cooling System (VACCS)

controls, cryogenics, vacuum, synchrotron

121

G.M.A. Duller, D.L. Magrath, M. Nagy, B. Olafsson
DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom

The use of liquid nitrogen for cooling of synchrotron equipment is widespread. The cryogenic sub-coolers commonly employed come with some significant drawbacks such as cost, complexity, stiffness of distribution lines, and vibration induced by pressure variations. The typical sub-cooler is capable of handling 2-3kW of absorbed power whilst many optics require no more than 50-150W of cooling. We present a Vacuum Aspirated Cryo-cooling System (VACCS) which overcomes many of these disadvantages and which allows cryo-cooling to be implemented more widely. The VACCS system uses a vacuum, generated with no moving parts, to draw LN2 through a heat exchanger. Thus the system does not have to be pressure rated. We describe our designs for highly flexible distribution lines. A simple control system offers variable temperature at the heat exchanger by varying the flowrate of LN2. A system is installed at Diamond which allows the independent control of three zones. A test rig has demonstrated cooling capacity in excess of 100W for a monochromator crystal assembly and controlled temperatures -194¿-120C.

Slides WEOAM02 [21.578 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-WEOAM02

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Received ※ 31 October 2023 — Revised ※ 27 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 08 November 2023 — Issued ※ 08 January 2024

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WEPPP019

Coating Removal of Silicon-Based Mirror in Synchrotron Radiation by Soluble Underlayers

synchrotron, synchrotron-radiation, radiation, photon

181

Q. Hou, G.C. Chang, B. Ji, M. Li, S.P. Yue
IHEP, People’s Republic of China

Multilayer optics is widely used for the x-ray beam monochromatization, focusing, and collimation in synchrotron light source. However, the multilayer coatings might be damaged by the high heat loads, the poor film adhesion, the high internal stress, or the inadequate vacuum conditions. As a result, it is essential to develop a method to make the optical substrate reusable without compromising its quality. In our published work, we successfully prepared a W/B4C multilayer coating with a 2 nm Cr buffer layer on a small-sized Si wafer. The coating was stripped from the Si substrate by dissolving the Cr buffer layer using an etchant. After the etching process, the sample’s roughness was comparable to that of a brand-new substrate. We have since utilized this method to clean the multilayers on the surface of a 20 cm × 5 cm silicon-based mirror for High Energy Photon Source (HEPS). The surface roughness and shape were measured, and they reached the level of a brand-new mirror.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-WEPPP019

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Received ※ 02 November 2023 — Revised ※ 04 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 06 November 2023 — Issued ※ 19 December 2023

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WEPPP024

Design of a Hard X-Ray Nanoprobe based on FZP

vacuum, controls, detector, SRF

184

K.L. Liao, P.Y. Li, M.H. Song
Jinan Hanjiang Opto-Electronics Technology Company Ltd., Jinan, People’s Republic of China
Q.L. He, P.P. Zhu
IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
W.Q. Hua, P. Zhou
SARI-CAS, Pudong, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
L. Luo
TUB, Beijing, People’s Republic of China

A high-resolution hard X-ray nanoprobe (HXNP) based on Fresnel Zone plate (FZP) was designed. The HXNP relies on a compact, high stiffness, low heat dissipation and low vibration design philosophy and utilizes FZP as nanofocusing optics. The optical layout and overall mechanical design of the HXNP were introduced. Several important modules, such as probe module, sample module, interferometer module and vacuum chambers were discussed in detail.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-WEPPP024

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Received ※ 02 November 2023 — Revised ※ 04 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 10 November 2023 — Issued ※ 12 April 2024

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WEPPP032

Photon Slits Prototype for High Beam Power Using Rotational Motions

photon, operation, undulator, vacuum

196

X. Liu, W. Cheng, L. Hudson, H. Patel, A.C. Walters
DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom

A new slits prototype utilising a rotatable oxygen-free high thermal conductivity (OFHC) copper block to absorb high heat load is developed for the Diamond-II upgrade. The slits will be used at front end of Diamond I13 X-ray Imaging and Coherence beamline which has two canted beamline branches. Required by the beamline optics, the front end slits function as virtual sources for the 250 meters long beamline. Working for the dual beam geometry, these specialised slits can vary the size of one x-ray beam with rotational motions while allowing the second beam to pass through unaffected. The rotational operations of the slits are achieved by an innovative commercial flex pivot and a unique in-house designed pivoting flexure.

Poster WEPPP032 [1.377 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-WEPPP032

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Received ※ 24 October 2023 — Revised ※ 04 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 09 November 2023 — Issued ※ 18 February 2024

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WEPPP041

The Joy of Vibration Mitigation

ISOL, damping, acceleration, synchrotron

212

J.H. Kelly, S.G. Alcock, S.A. Beamish, D. Crivelli
DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom

The decision was made to build a new Optics Metrology Lab at the Diamond Light Source in a location with 100 times higher floor velocity in the range 50-150Hz than the original location. This paper describes the successful engineering developments to mitigate this. The raft of measures included ‘skyhook¿ damping i.e. active damping using geophone velocity feedback, novel 2 stage passive vibration isolation and fundamental research into acoustic coupling of air conditioning noise. The new systems have been installed, the final performance tested and the optics scientists have been able to continue their sensitive measurements.

Poster WEPPP041 [1.826 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-WEPPP041

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Received ※ 31 October 2023 — Revised ※ 05 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 08 November 2023 — Issued ※ 25 March 2024

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THOAM04

Overall Progress on Development of X-ray Optics Mechanical Systems at High Energy Photon Source (HEPS)

synchrotron, vacuum, synchrotron-radiation, radiation

252

S. Tang, Y.H. Dong, X.H. Kuang, M. Li, H. Liang, R.Y. Liao, L.H. Ma, Z.N. Ou, H. Qian, Z.R. Ren, W.F. Sheng, J. Wang, R.Z. Xu, H.H. Yu
IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China

Funding: This work is supported by the project of High Energy Photon Source (HEPS).
High Energy Photon Source (HEPS) regarded as a new 4th generation synchrotron radiation facility, is under construction in a virgin green field in Beijing, China. The X-ray optics/mirror mechanical systems (MMS) play an important role, which would be expected to be designed carefully and rigidly for the extremely stable performance requirement of HEPS. In addition, there are indeed big challenges due to so many types of mirror systems, such as white beam mirror (WBM), harmonic suppression mirror (HSM), combined deflecting mirror (CDM), bending mirror, Nano-KB, and the transfocator of Compound refractive lens (CRLs), etc. Therefore, overall progress on design and maunfacturing of the MMS is introduced, in which a promoting strategy and generic mirror mechanical system as a key technology is presented and developed for the project of HEPS. Furthermore, ultra-stable structucture, multi-DOF precision positioning, Eutectic Galium Indium (E-GaIn)-based vibration-decoupling watercooling, clamping, and bending have always been prior designs and considerations.
Shanzhi Tang, Weifan Sheng, Jianye Wang, et al, Overall progress on the design of mirror mechanical systems at High Energy Photon Source (HEPS), SRI2021, Hamburg Germany, 2022. POSTER

Slides THOAM04 [2.328 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-THOAM04

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Received ※ 30 October 2023 — Revised ※ 05 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 10 November 2023 — Issued ※ 18 July 2024

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THPPP003

FEM Simulations for a High Heat Load Mirror

polarization, synchrotron, simulation, undulator

274

J. Seltmann, H. Geraissate, M. Hoesch
DESY, Hamburg, Germany

At the variable polarization XUV beamline P04 of PETRA III the first mirror is used to switch the beam between the two branches of the beamline. The heat load on this white beam mirror is dependent on the degree of polarization and the energy of the first harmonic of the synchrotron radiation. For this project the water cooled "notched" mirror approach by Khounsary* and Zhang et al.** has been evaluated with FEM simulations. These show promising results for linear horizontal (LH) polarization in which the heat load profile is aligned with the mirror length. For linear vertical (LV) polarization the heat load is concentrated in the mirror centre, which violates the basic concept of the "notched" mirror design and therefore the simulation results indicate only poor performance. To compensate for this a secondary cooling loop has been implemented and will be shown to improve the performance for the LV case significantly. Additionally, a new design approach is evaluated to reduce the peak temperatures of the mirror, which otherwise ranged at 140-180°C.
* Khounsary, A.M., Proc. SPIE 3773, X-Ray Opt. Des., (1999). 10.1117/12.370114
** Zhang, L. et al., J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 425, 052029 (2013). 10.1088/1742-6596/425/5/052029.

Poster THPPP003 [1.369 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-THPPP003

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Received ※ 24 October 2023 — Revised ※ 05 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 08 November 2023 — Issued ※ 28 May 2024

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THPPP007

Optimizing Indirect Cooling of a High Accuracy Surface Plane Mirror in Plane-Grating Monochromator

synchrotron, SRF, brightness, ECR

280

J. Chen, X.W. Du, M.H. Lin, Q.P. Wang, Z. Wang
USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China

Funding: This work is supported by the Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) and the Anhui province government for key techniques R&D of Hefei Advanced Light Facility.
For the cooling of the plane mirror in VIA-PGMs (var-iable-included-angle plane-grating monochromators), the top-side indirect cooling based on water is preferred for its advantages, such as cheaper, easier to use, smart notches, etc, when compared to the internal cooling. But it also arises challenges to control the RMS residual slope error of the mirror, whose requirement is less than 100 nano-radian. This requirement is even hard to fulfill, when combined with 1) the asymmetry thermal defor-mation on the meridian of the footprint area during the energy scanning, 2) the high heat load deduced by the synchrotron light and 3) the no obvious effects of the classical optimizations, such as increasing footprint size, cooling efficiency or adding smart notches. An effective way was found after numerous attempts, which is to make the footprint area far from the mirror¿s edge to reduce the asymmetry of the thermal deformation except for leading to a longer mirror. This paper will illustrate how the asymmetry affects the mirror¿s residual slope error and then, focus on the relationship among the asymmetry of cooling and the distance to provide a ref-erence for optical cooling.

Poster THPPP007 [1.805 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-THPPP007

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Received ※ 26 October 2023 — Revised ※ 06 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 08 November 2023 — Issued ※ 04 March 2024

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THPPP008

Optimization of Thermal Deformation of a Horizontally Deflecting High-Heat-Load Mirror Based on eInGa Bath Cooling

synchrotron, radiation, factory, undulator

283

J. Chen, X.W. Du, M.H. Lin, Q.P. Wang, Z. Wang
USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China

Funding: This work is supported by the Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) and the Anhui province government for key techniques R&D of Hefei Advanced Light Facility.
The synchrotron facility are developing towards higher brightness, lower divergence, narrower pulse, higher stability, etc. Therefore, the requirements of the first mirror of the beamline, who bear high-heat-load, were upgraded, and the performances of the mirror will be affected easily by other factors, such as flow induced vibration, clamping force, etc. Indirect water cooling based on eInGa bath is regarded as an effective mean to solve these thorny problems in designing of the first mirror cooling. However, for the case a horizontal de-flection mirror, the unilateral cooling method is usually adopted, resulting in some changes in the structure of the mirror. In this paper, a first mirror horizontally deflect-ing in Hefei advanced light source (HALF) are taken as examples to introduce the optimization method to achieve ultra-low meridian slope error of the first hori-zontal deflection mirror. The results show that this opti-mization method provides a rapid design mean to design the cooling scheme of the horizontally deflecting mirror based on the eInGa bath.

Poster THPPP008 [2.901 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-THPPP008

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Received ※ 01 November 2023 — Revised ※ 06 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 08 November 2023 — Issued ※ 26 February 2024

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THPPP009

The Heat Load Calculation in the Grating-Based Beamline at Hefei Advanced Light Facility (HALF)

synchrotron, undulator, synchrotron-radiation, radiation

287

Z. Wang, J. Chen, X.W. Du, D. Feng, Q.P. Wang
USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China

Funding: This work is supported by the Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) and the Anhui province government for key techniques R&D of Hefei diffraction limited light source.
For the 4th generation synchrotron radiation (SR) light source, the heat load causes severe thermal deformation on the beamline optics as the emittance is reaching at the physical limit. The precise calculation of heat load on the optical elements is important for the thermal analysis including cooling method and thermal deformation simulation. A heat load calculation code has been developed for grating based SR beamline optics, which consists of modules of SR source simulation, mirror reflectivity and grating efficiency. The calculation results has been checked with SRCalc results. This code has been used to calculate the heat load of the Test Beamline optics at Hefei Advanced Light Facility (HALF). The heat absorbed by the first three optical elements¿including a toroidal mirror, a plane mirror and a plane grating¿is calculated.
[1]R. Reininger. SRCalc (2001). Unpublished
[2]L. Rebuffi, et.el., J. Synchrotron Radiat. 27: 1108-1120 (2020).
[3]Z. Sun, et.al., The Innovation, 4 (6), 100514 (2023).

Poster THPPP009 [1.853 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-THPPP009

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Received ※ 25 October 2023 — Revised ※ 05 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 08 November 2023 — Issued ※ 09 January 2024

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