MEDSI2023 - List of Keywords (controls)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
TUOBM02	SAPOTI - The New Cryogenic Nanoprobe for the CARNAÚBA Beamline at Sirius/LNLS	synchrotron, cryogenics, vacuum, focusing	19
	R.R. Geraldes, G.G. Basilio, D.N.A. Cintra, V.B. Falchetto, D. Galante, R.C. Gomes, A.Y. Horita, L.M. Kofukuda, F.R. Lena, M.B. Machado, Y.A. Marino, E.O. Pereira, P.P.R. Proença, C.A. Pérez, M.H. Siqueira da Silva, A.P.S. Sotero, V.C. Teixeira, H.C.N. Tolentino LNLS, Campinas, Brazil
	Funding: Brazilian Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MCTI) SAPOTI will be the second nanoprobe to be installed at the CARNAÚBA (Coherent X-Ray Nanoprobe Beamline) beamline at the 4th-generation light source Sirius at the Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS). Working in the energy range from 2.05 to 15 keV, it has been designed for simultaneous multi-analytical X-ray techniques, including absorption, diffraction, spectroscopy, fluorescence and luminescence, and imaging in 2D and 3D. Highly-stable fully-coherent beam with monochromatic flux up to 10¹¹ph/s/100mA-/0.01%BW and size between 35 and 140 nm is expected with an achromatic KB (Kirkpatrick-Baez) focusing optics, whereas a new in-vacuum high-dynamic cryogenic sample stage has been developed aiming at single-nanometer-resolution images via high-performance 2D mapping and tomography. This work reviews and updates the entire high-performance mechatronic design and architecture of the station, as well as the integration results of its several modules, including automation, thermal management, dynamic performance, and positioning and scanning capabilities. Commissioning at the beamline is expected in early 2024.
	Slides TUOBM02 [45.929 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-TUOBM02
About •	Received ※ 02 November 2023 — Revised ※ 03 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 10 November 2023 — Issued ※ 11 February 2024
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPYP005	On the Performance of Cryogenic Cooling Systems for Optical Elements at Sirius/LNLS	cryogenics, operation, optics, ECR	40
	B.A. Francisco, M.P. Calcanha, R.R. Geraldes, L.M. Kofukuda, G.P. Lima, M. Saveri Silva, L.M. Volpe LNLS, Campinas, Brazil
	Funding: Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MCTI) Sirius’ long beamlines are equipped with cryogenic cooled optics to take advantage of the Silicon thermal diffusivity and expansion at those temperatures, contributing to the preservation of the beam profile. A series of improvements was evaluated from the experience in the employment of such cooling systems during the early years of operation. The main topic refers to the prevention of instabilities in the temperature of the optics due to variations in the liquid nitrogen cylinder pressure, refill automation or progressive variations of the convective coefficient into the cryostat. This work discusses the performance of these systems after optimizing the pressure of the vessels and their control logics, the effectiveness of occasional purges, cool down techniques, and presents the monitoring interface and interlock architecture. Moreover, we present the reached solution for achieving higher beam stability, considering liquid nitrogen flow active control (commercial and in-house). Also propose the approach for the future 350 mA operation, including different cooling mechanisms.
	Poster TUPYP005 [1.250 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-TUPYP005
About •	Received ※ 24 October 2023 — Revised ※ 03 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 22 November 2023 — Issued ※ 18 July 2024
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TUPYP015	Investigation of Vibrations Attenuation with Different Frequency Along HEPS Ground	experiment, site, ion-source, storage-ring	48
	Y. Yang, X.Y. Tan, Z.H. Wang, F. Yan IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China X.R. Fu, W. Wu, L. Yan CAU, Haidian District, Beijing, People’s Republic of China J. Lei Peking University, Beijing, Haidian District, People’s Republic of China
	High Energy Photon Source (HEPS) has a strict restriction on vibration instabilities. To fulfill the stability specification, vibration levels on HEPS site must be controlled. The control standards are highly related with the vibration amplitude of the sources and the distance between sources and the critical positions. To establish reasonable regulations for new-built vibration sources, the decay patterns on ground are investigated on HEPS site for different frequency noises. A series of experiments were conducted using shaker to generate vibrations with frequency from 1Hz up to 100Hz. The vibration attenuation on ground and slab were measured using seismometers and the attenuation law were analyzed. Details will be presented in this paper.
	Poster TUPYP015 [0.525 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-TUPYP015
About •	Received ※ 08 November 2023 — Revised ※ 08 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 10 November 2023 — Issued ※ 12 April 2024
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TUPYP017	Design and Test of Precision Mechanics for High Energy Resolution Monochromator at the HEPS	synchrotron, experiment, photon, GUI	51
	L. Zhang, H. Liang, Z.K. Liu, W. Xu, Y. Yang, Y.S. Zhang IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
	A monochromator stands as a typical representative of optical component within synchrotron radiation light sources. High resolution monochromators (HRMs), which incorporate precision positioning, stability control, and various other technologies, are a crucial subclass within this category. The next generation of photon sources imposes higher performance standards upon these HRMs. In this new design framework, the primary focus is on innovating precision motion components. Rigorous analysis and experimentation have confirmed the effectiveness of this design. This structural model provides valuable reference for developing other precision adjustment mechanisms within the realm of synchrotron radiation.
	Poster TUPYP017 [3.641 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-TUPYP017
About •	Received ※ 01 November 2023 — Revised ※ 03 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 08 November 2023 — Issued ※ 04 February 2024
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TUPYP022	The Development and Application of Motion Control System for HEPS Beamline	interface, EPICS, hardware, synchrotron	61
	Z.Y. Yue, X.B. Deng, Z.H. Gao, G. Li, Y. Liu, C.X. Yin, D.S. Zhang, Q. Zhang, A.Y. Zhou IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
	In synchrotron radiation facilities such as the High Energy Photon Source (HEPS) beamline, thousands of motorized actuators are equipped on different optical devices, such as K-B mirrors, monochromator and transfocators, in order to acquire the specified properties of X-ray. The motion control system, as a part of the ultra-precision mechatronics devices, is used to precison positioning control, which not only has ability to realize basic motion functions but also can handle complex motion control requirements. HEPS has developed a standardized motion control system(MCS) for synchrotron radiation applications. In this paper, The structure of hardware and software of MCS will be presented, and some applications are demonstrated in detail.
	Poster TUPYP022 [0.847 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-TUPYP022
About •	Received ※ 30 October 2023 — Revised ※ 03 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 08 November 2023 — Issued ※ 12 April 2024
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TUPYP038	A Design of an X-Ray Pink Beam Integrated Shutter for HEPS	vacuum, cavity, simulation, photon	85
	S. Liu, Q. Han, G. Mo, A.Y. Zhou IHEP, People’s Republic of China
	The main function of the shutter is to accurately control the exposure time of the sample so that the sample as well as the detector can be protected. In order to cover the high thermal load and high energy working environment, we designed an integrated shutter device. The device includes a thermal absorber shutter, a piezoelectric ceramic fast shutter, a vacuum chamber and an adjustable height base. Firstly SPECTRA and ANSYS were used to verify the device’s institutional temperature reliability at a thermal power density of 64W/mm2. In addition, the device is suitable for both monochromatic and pink light operation with a horizontal pitch of 15mm. The device is also compatible with both vacuum and atmospheric working environments, and the recollimation of the device is not necessary when switching modes. Finally, the thermal absorber shutter is also able to function as a beam profile monitor, and the position of the spot can be monitored through a viewing window on the cavity.
	Poster TUPYP038 [0.781 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-TUPYP038
About •	Received ※ 08 November 2023 — Revised ※ 10 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 10 November 2023 — Issued ※ 18 December 2023
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TUPYP039	A Design of an X-ray Monochromatic Adjustable Slit for HEPS Beamlines	GUI, vacuum, collimation, synchrotron	88
	S. Liu, Q.H. Duan, Q. Han, Z. Li, J.L. Yang, Z.Y. Yue, Q. Zhang, Z.B. Zhang IHEP, People’s Republic of China
	The monochromatic slit is a commonly used device in HEPS beamlines. It can limit the synchrotron beam-spot within a desired size required by the downstream optical equipment. In addition, the four-blade structure is the most widely used form of slit. The slit with this form usually consists of a pair or two parallel tungsten carbide blades. With their edges close to each other, a slit can be formed, and the size of which can be controlled by micromechanical guides. This structure is very suitable for the case of large beamsize. In this work, we have designed a monochromatic slit based on the four-blade form for BF-beamline in HEPS. It can be used in ultra-high vacuum, high luminous flux working environment. The maximum opening range is up to 30mm10mm (HV), while it can allow a white beam of 136mm24mm (HV) to pass through. Furthermore, we adopted a point to surface contact design, which can effectively avoid the over-constraint problem between two guide rails.
	Poster TUPYP039 [0.457 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-TUPYP039
About •	Received ※ 10 November 2023 — Revised ※ 10 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 10 November 2023 — Issued ※ 18 July 2024
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TUPYP051	Progress of WALS NEG Coating Equipment and Technology	vacuum, target, experiment, site	108
	G. Wei, Y. Chen, X.R. Hao, J.H. He, H.H. Li, H. Li, J. Li, C.Y. Liu, Y. Nie, J. Wang, Y. Wang, P. Xiang, Y. Xu, J.M. Zhang, Y.X. Zhang, Y. Zou IAS, Wuhan City, People’s Republic of China
	The goal of WALS (Wuhan Advanced Light Source) is to build a world -class radiating light source. Chromium-zirconium-copper was chosen as the main material for the entire storage ring vacuum vessels. And magnetron sputtering (PVD) process was used to deposit NEG coating on the inner surface of copper vacuum chamber, which can further improve the performance of the vacuum. At present, the coating laboratory has taken shape as a whole, and has built a standard cleaning platform, coating platform, ultimate vacuum test platform, extraction rate test platform, coating microstructure test process. As for the coating equipment, bias power supply and custom ceramic parts are added to achieve more functions. Different target materials were controlled by multi-electrode control, while experiments were performed on deposited compositions of different ratios of multilayers; Sample tube bias control access during the coating process; Multiple combinations of target materials and bias parameters for the technique have been studied. Coating is currently underway, and specific test results are in progress.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-TUPYP051
About •	Received ※ 25 October 2023 — Revised ※ 05 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 15 November 2023 — Issued ※ 18 July 2024
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WEOAM02	A Vacuum Aspirated Cryo Cooling System (VACCS)	cryogenics, vacuum, synchrotron, optics	121
	G.M.A. Duller, D.L. Magrath, M. Nagy, B. Olafsson DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
	The use of liquid nitrogen for cooling of synchrotron equipment is widespread. The cryogenic sub-coolers commonly employed come with some significant drawbacks such as cost, complexity, stiffness of distribution lines, and vibration induced by pressure variations. The typical sub-cooler is capable of handling 2-3kW of absorbed power whilst many optics require no more than 50-150W of cooling. We present a Vacuum Aspirated Cryo-cooling System (VACCS) which overcomes many of these disadvantages and which allows cryo-cooling to be implemented more widely. The VACCS system uses a vacuum, generated with no moving parts, to draw LN2 through a heat exchanger. Thus the system does not have to be pressure rated. We describe our designs for highly flexible distribution lines. A simple control system offers variable temperature at the heat exchanger by varying the flowrate of LN2. A system is installed at Diamond which allows the independent control of three zones. A test rig has demonstrated cooling capacity in excess of 100W for a monochromator crystal assembly and controlled temperatures -194¿-120C.
	Slides WEOAM02 [21.578 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-WEOAM02
About •	Received ※ 31 October 2023 — Revised ※ 27 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 08 November 2023 — Issued ※ 08 January 2024
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WEOAM03	Magnetic Levitation on a Budget: A Student Discount	simulation, ISOL, coupling, software	125
	J.H. Kelly, D. Crivelli, S. Farrelly, M.L. Hurlstone DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
	The successful mechatronics development i.e. modelling, simulation, design, build and test of a magnetic levitation stage at the Diamond Light Source is presented. The concept was to use a low control Bandwidth across the 6 degree of freedom MIMO system, to provide both an alignment stage and vibration isolation. The project simultaneously upskilled staff and developed a proof-of-concept system demonstrator at a low cost. The final motion stage was constructed for a component cost of less than £15,000.
	Slides WEOAM03 [6.344 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-WEOAM03
About •	Received ※ 31 October 2023 — Revised ※ 04 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 09 November 2023 — Issued ※ 11 November 2023
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WEOBM07	Design, Modeling and Analysis of a Novel Piezoactuated XY Nanopositioner Supporting Beamline Optical Scanning	simulation, synchrotron, coupling, GUI	150
	L.F. Wang, G.C. Chang, S. Tang, Z.Y. Yue, L. Zhang IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
	In recent years, with the advancement of X-ray optics technology, the spot size of synchrotron beamlines has been reduced to 10nm or even smaller. The reduction in spot size and the emergence of ultra-bright synchrotron sources necessitate higher stability, resolution, and faster scanning speeds for positioning systems. This paper presents the design, analysis, and simulation of an XY piezoelectric driven nanopositioning platform that supports high-precision optical scanning systems. To achieve fast and highly precise motion under the load of an optical system, a design scheme based on a hollow structure with flexible amplification and guiding mechanisms is proposed. This scheme increases displacement output while minimizing coupling displacement to ensure a high natural frequency. The rationality of this platform design is verified through modeling and finite element simulation.
	Slides WEOBM07 [3.448 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-WEOBM07
About •	Received ※ 02 November 2023 — Revised ※ 03 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 04 November 2023 — Issued ※ 18 April 2024
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WEPPP002	The Status of the High-Dynamic DCM-Lite for Sirius/LNLS	MMI, alignment, vacuum, synchrotron	154
	G.S. de Albuquerque, J.P.S. Furtado, N.P. Hara, M. Saveri Silva, T.R. Silva Soares LNLS, Campinas, Brazil
	Funding: Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MCTI) Two new High-Dynamics Double Crystal Monochromators (HD-DCM-Lite) are under installation for QUATI (superbend) and SAPUCAIA (undulator) beamlines at Sirius. The HD-DCM-Lite portrays an updated version of Sirius LNLS HD-DCMs not only in terms of being a lighter equipment for sinusoidal scans speeds with even higher stability goals, but also bringing forward greater robustness for Sirius monochromators projects. It takes advantage of the experience gained from assembly and operation of the previous versions during the last years considering several work fronts, from the mechanics of the bench and cooling systems to FMEA, alignment procedures and control upgrades. In this work those challenges are depicted, and first offline results regarding thermal and dynamical aspects are presented.
	Poster WEPPP002 [7.970 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-WEPPP002
About •	Received ※ 01 November 2023 — Revised ※ 03 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 10 November 2023 — Issued ※ 11 December 2023
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WEPPP024	Design of a Hard X-Ray Nanoprobe based on FZP	vacuum, optics, detector, SRF	184
	K.L. Liao, P.Y. Li, M.H. Song Jinan Hanjiang Opto-Electronics Technology Company Ltd., Jinan, People’s Republic of China Q.L. He, P.P. Zhu IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China W.Q. Hua, P. Zhou SARI-CAS, Pudong, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China L. Luo TUB, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
	A high-resolution hard X-ray nanoprobe (HXNP) based on Fresnel Zone plate (FZP) was designed. The HXNP relies on a compact, high stiffness, low heat dissipation and low vibration design philosophy and utilizes FZP as nanofocusing optics. The optical layout and overall mechanical design of the HXNP were introduced. Several important modules, such as probe module, sample module, interferometer module and vacuum chambers were discussed in detail.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-WEPPP024
About •	Received ※ 02 November 2023 — Revised ※ 04 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 10 November 2023 — Issued ※ 12 April 2024
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WEPPP050	Quick scanning Channel-Cut crystal monochromator for millisecond time resolution EXAFS at HEPS	synchrotron, simulation, vacuum, synchrotron-radiation	229
	Y.S. Lu, H. Liang, Z.K. Liu, D.S. Shen, Z. Sun, Y. Yang, S. Zhang, Y.S. Zhang IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
	The design and capabilities of a Quick scanning Channel-Cut monochromator (QCCM) for HEPS are presented. The quick scan and step scan are realized by a torque motor directly driven Bragg axis, controlled by a servo controller. This design allows easy and remote control of the oscillation frequency and angular range, providing comprehensive control of QXAFS measure-ments. The cryogenically cooled Si (311) and Si(111) crystals, which extends the energy range from 4.8 keV-45 keV. The dynamic analysis verifies the rationality of the mechanical structure design. The device was fabri-cated and tested, results show an oscillation frequency up to 50Hz with a range of 0.8°, and a resolution of 0.2 arcsecond in step scan mode. This device demonstrates the feasibility of large range quick scan and step scan by a single servo control system. Quick scanning Channel-Cut crystal monochromator
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-WEPPP050
About •	Received ※ 02 November 2023 — Revised ※ 05 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 08 November 2023 — Issued ※ 08 January 2024
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THOAM02	SmarGon MCS2: An Enhanced Multi-Axis Goniometer with a New Control System	operation, software, interface, synchrotron	247
	W. Glettig, D. Buntschu, E.H. Panepucci, M. Wang PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland A. Omelcenko SmarAct, Oldenburg, Germany
	As an improvement on the commercially available SmarGon multi-axis goniometer (SmarAct GmbH), the MX Group at the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) has been pursuing further development of the system. In addition to suggesting mechanical improvements to SmarAct to improve ruggedness and reliability, PSI has developed a brand-new and flexible control system for better customization, reliability and control. Calibration routines were implemented to reduce systemic errors, and the system has been tailored for practical beamline usage. SmarGon is a six degree-of-freedom positioning device, allowing positioning of a sample and orientation around any given point, with <5um sphere of confusion diameter. It was purpose-built for protein-crystallography experiments but, as will be presented here, was also re-purposed for other applications. Two devices have been in continuous 24/7 use for two years at the MX Beamlines PXI & PXII at SLS.
	Slides THOAM02 [77.940 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-THOAM02
About •	Received ※ 24 October 2023 — Revised ※ 05 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 10 November 2023 — Issued ※ 08 January 2024
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THPPP014	A Special-Shaped Copper Block Cooling Method for White Beam Mirrors Under Ultra-High Heat Loads*	synchrotron, radiation, synchrotron-radiation, simulation	299
	J.Y. Liu, H. Qin, X.X. Yan IASF, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
	In order to fulfil the more stringent requirements of op-tical figure accuracy for cooled X-Ray mirrors imposed to high heat loads, especially from advanced insertion de-vices in the diffraction limited storage rings (DLSR), investigations on the cooling system for white beam mirrors are conducted in this paper. A special-shaped copper block (SSCB) cooling method is proposed, using eutectic indium-gallium alloy as heat transfer medium. The SSCB cooling technology can keep a 550mm-length mirror slope error of 0.2 ¿rad (RMS) under 230 W absorp-tion heat power, showing great advantages in the accura-cy and flexibility for thermal deformation minimization when compared with the traditional ones.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-THPPP014
About •	Received ※ 25 October 2023 — Revised ※ 05 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 06 November 2023 — Issued ※ 10 December 2023
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THPPP037	A Micro-Vibration Active Control Method Based on Piezoelectric Ceramic Actuator	ISOL, quadrupole, electron, free-electron-laser	330
	Z. Lei, H.X. Deng, R. Deng SARI-CAS, Pudong, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
	Funding: This work was supported by the CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research (YSBR-042), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (12125508, 11935020) In linear accelerator, ground vibration is transmitted to beam element (quadrupole magnet, etc.) through support, and then reflected to the influence of beam orbit or effective emittance. In order to reduce the influence of ground vibration on beam orbit stability, an active vibration isolation platform can be used. In this paper, an active vibration isolation system is proposed, which realizes the inverse dynamic process based on a nano-positioning platform and combines with a proportional controller to reduce the transmission of ground-based excitation to the beam element. The absolute vibration velocity signal obtained from the sensor is input to the controller as feedforward signal. The controller processes the input signal and then the output signal drives the piezoelectric ceramic actuator to generate displacement, realizing the active vibration control. The test results of the prototype show that the active vibration isolation system can achieve 50% displacement attenuation, which indicates that the vibration control strategy has certain engineering application value in the construction of large accelerators.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-THPPP037
About •	Received ※ 25 October 2023 — Revised ※ 05 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 07 November 2023 — Issued ※ 15 December 2023
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THPPP046	Mechanical Design and Manufacture of Electromagnets in HEPS Storage Ring	quadrupole, storage-ring, sextupole, octupole	339
	L. Wu, S.Y. Chen, C.H. Li, Y.D. Xu, S. Yang IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
	The HEPS storage ring comprises 48 7BA (seven-bend achromat) cells. There are 37 independent magnets in every cell, of which 5 dipoles are permanent magnets and the rest of magnets are all electromagnets including quad-rupoles, D-Q(dipole-quadrupole) combined magnets, sextupoles, octupoles and corrector magnets. These elec-tromagnets with small aperture and high magnetic field gradient should achieve high machining and assembly precision. In October 2023, all storage ring electromag-nets manufacturing have been completed. This paper mainly introduces the mechanical design, processing and assembly, and the manufacturing issues in the machining period.
	Poster THPPP046 [2.016 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-THPPP046
About •	Received ※ 24 October 2023 — Revised ※ 05 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 08 November 2023 — Issued ※ 18 January 2024
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THPPP053	CLSI LINAC Upgrade Project	linac, operation, electron, RF-structure	355
	L.X. Lin, J.N. Campbell, S.R. Carriere, F. Le Pimpec, K.D. Wyatt CLS, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
	The Canadian Light Source Inc. (CLSI) is undertaking a significant Linear Accelerator (LINAC) injector Up-grade Project to enhance both the mechanical reliability and operational stability of Canada’s primary re-search synchrotron facility. In late 2018, a critical gun failure led to a seven-month facility downtime. . This incident raised concerns that the original LINAC from 1980 continued to be a high risk to daily facility operations. Furthermore, several other mechanical systems within the facility, including cooling/heating water, HVAC, and certain aspects of the LINAC vacuum systems, have also aged, resulting in decreased reliability. The upgrade to the LINAC and its associated mechanical systems presents an opportunity to significantly improve the operational reliability of the entire facility.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-THPPP053
About •	Received ※ 20 October 2023 — Revised ※ 07 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 08 November 2023 — Issued ※ 18 June 2024
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Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

TUOBM02

SAPOTI - The New Cryogenic Nanoprobe for the CARNAÚBA Beamline at Sirius/LNLS

synchrotron, cryogenics, vacuum, focusing

19

R.R. Geraldes, G.G. Basilio, D.N.A. Cintra, V.B. Falchetto, D. Galante, R.C. Gomes, A.Y. Horita, L.M. Kofukuda, F.R. Lena, M.B. Machado, Y.A. Marino, E.O. Pereira, P.P.R. Proença, C.A. Pérez, M.H. Siqueira da Silva, A.P.S. Sotero, V.C. Teixeira, H.C.N. Tolentino
LNLS, Campinas, Brazil

Funding: Brazilian Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MCTI)
SAPOTI will be the second nanoprobe to be installed at the CARNAÚBA (Coherent X-Ray Nanoprobe Beamline) beamline at the 4th-generation light source Sirius at the Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS). Working in the energy range from 2.05 to 15 keV, it has been designed for simultaneous multi-analytical X-ray techniques, including absorption, diffraction, spectroscopy, fluorescence and luminescence, and imaging in 2D and 3D. Highly-stable fully-coherent beam with monochromatic flux up to 10¹¹ph/s/100mA-/0.01%BW and size between 35 and 140 nm is expected with an achromatic KB (Kirkpatrick-Baez) focusing optics, whereas a new in-vacuum high-dynamic cryogenic sample stage has been developed aiming at single-nanometer-resolution images via high-performance 2D mapping and tomography. This work reviews and updates the entire high-performance mechatronic design and architecture of the station, as well as the integration results of its several modules, including automation, thermal management, dynamic performance, and positioning and scanning capabilities. Commissioning at the beamline is expected in early 2024.

Slides TUOBM02 [45.929 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-TUOBM02

About •

Received ※ 02 November 2023 — Revised ※ 03 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 10 November 2023 — Issued ※ 11 February 2024

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TUPYP005

On the Performance of Cryogenic Cooling Systems for Optical Elements at Sirius/LNLS

cryogenics, operation, optics, ECR

40

B.A. Francisco, M.P. Calcanha, R.R. Geraldes, L.M. Kofukuda, G.P. Lima, M. Saveri Silva, L.M. Volpe
LNLS, Campinas, Brazil

Funding: Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MCTI)
Sirius’ long beamlines are equipped with cryogenic cooled optics to take advantage of the Silicon thermal diffusivity and expansion at those temperatures, contributing to the preservation of the beam profile. A series of improvements was evaluated from the experience in the employment of such cooling systems during the early years of operation. The main topic refers to the prevention of instabilities in the temperature of the optics due to variations in the liquid nitrogen cylinder pressure, refill automation or progressive variations of the convective coefficient into the cryostat. This work discusses the performance of these systems after optimizing the pressure of the vessels and their control logics, the effectiveness of occasional purges, cool down techniques, and presents the monitoring interface and interlock architecture. Moreover, we present the reached solution for achieving higher beam stability, considering liquid nitrogen flow active control (commercial and in-house). Also propose the approach for the future 350 mA operation, including different cooling mechanisms.

Poster TUPYP005 [1.250 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-TUPYP005

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Received ※ 24 October 2023 — Revised ※ 03 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 22 November 2023 — Issued ※ 18 July 2024

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TUPYP015

Investigation of Vibrations Attenuation with Different Frequency Along HEPS Ground

experiment, site, ion-source, storage-ring

48

Y. Yang, X.Y. Tan, Z.H. Wang, F. Yan
IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
X.R. Fu, W. Wu, L. Yan
CAU, Haidian District, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
J. Lei
Peking University, Beijing, Haidian District, People’s Republic of China

High Energy Photon Source (HEPS) has a strict restriction on vibration instabilities. To fulfill the stability specification, vibration levels on HEPS site must be controlled. The control standards are highly related with the vibration amplitude of the sources and the distance between sources and the critical positions. To establish reasonable regulations for new-built vibration sources, the decay patterns on ground are investigated on HEPS site for different frequency noises. A series of experiments were conducted using shaker to generate vibrations with frequency from 1Hz up to 100Hz. The vibration attenuation on ground and slab were measured using seismometers and the attenuation law were analyzed. Details will be presented in this paper.

Poster TUPYP015 [0.525 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-TUPYP015

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Received ※ 08 November 2023 — Revised ※ 08 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 10 November 2023 — Issued ※ 12 April 2024

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TUPYP017

Design and Test of Precision Mechanics for High Energy Resolution Monochromator at the HEPS

synchrotron, experiment, photon, GUI

51

L. Zhang, H. Liang, Z.K. Liu, W. Xu, Y. Yang, Y.S. Zhang
IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China

A monochromator stands as a typical representative of optical component within synchrotron radiation light sources. High resolution monochromators (HRMs), which incorporate precision positioning, stability control, and various other technologies, are a crucial subclass within this category. The next generation of photon sources imposes higher performance standards upon these HRMs. In this new design framework, the primary focus is on innovating precision motion components. Rigorous analysis and experimentation have confirmed the effectiveness of this design. This structural model provides valuable reference for developing other precision adjustment mechanisms within the realm of synchrotron radiation.

Poster TUPYP017 [3.641 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-TUPYP017

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Received ※ 01 November 2023 — Revised ※ 03 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 08 November 2023 — Issued ※ 04 February 2024

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TUPYP022

The Development and Application of Motion Control System for HEPS Beamline

interface, EPICS, hardware, synchrotron

61

Z.Y. Yue, X.B. Deng, Z.H. Gao, G. Li, Y. Liu, C.X. Yin, D.S. Zhang, Q. Zhang, A.Y. Zhou
IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China

In synchrotron radiation facilities such as the High Energy Photon Source (HEPS) beamline, thousands of motorized actuators are equipped on different optical devices, such as K-B mirrors, monochromator and transfocators, in order to acquire the specified properties of X-ray. The motion control system, as a part of the ultra-precision mechatronics devices, is used to precison positioning control, which not only has ability to realize basic motion functions but also can handle complex motion control requirements. HEPS has developed a standardized motion control system(MCS) for synchrotron radiation applications. In this paper, The structure of hardware and software of MCS will be presented, and some applications are demonstrated in detail.

Poster TUPYP022 [0.847 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-TUPYP022

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Received ※ 30 October 2023 — Revised ※ 03 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 08 November 2023 — Issued ※ 12 April 2024

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TUPYP038

A Design of an X-Ray Pink Beam Integrated Shutter for HEPS

vacuum, cavity, simulation, photon

85

S. Liu, Q. Han, G. Mo, A.Y. Zhou
IHEP, People’s Republic of China

The main function of the shutter is to accurately control the exposure time of the sample so that the sample as well as the detector can be protected. In order to cover the high thermal load and high energy working environment, we designed an integrated shutter device. The device includes a thermal absorber shutter, a piezoelectric ceramic fast shutter, a vacuum chamber and an adjustable height base. Firstly SPECTRA and ANSYS were used to verify the device’s institutional temperature reliability at a thermal power density of 64W/mm2. In addition, the device is suitable for both monochromatic and pink light operation with a horizontal pitch of 15mm. The device is also compatible with both vacuum and atmospheric working environments, and the recollimation of the device is not necessary when switching modes. Finally, the thermal absorber shutter is also able to function as a beam profile monitor, and the position of the spot can be monitored through a viewing window on the cavity.

Poster TUPYP038 [0.781 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-TUPYP038

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Received ※ 08 November 2023 — Revised ※ 10 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 10 November 2023 — Issued ※ 18 December 2023

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TUPYP039

A Design of an X-ray Monochromatic Adjustable Slit for HEPS Beamlines

GUI, vacuum, collimation, synchrotron

88

S. Liu, Q.H. Duan, Q. Han, Z. Li, J.L. Yang, Z.Y. Yue, Q. Zhang, Z.B. Zhang
IHEP, People’s Republic of China

The monochromatic slit is a commonly used device in HEPS beamlines. It can limit the synchrotron beam-spot within a desired size required by the downstream optical equipment. In addition, the four-blade structure is the most widely used form of slit. The slit with this form usually consists of a pair or two parallel tungsten carbide blades. With their edges close to each other, a slit can be formed, and the size of which can be controlled by micromechanical guides. This structure is very suitable for the case of large beamsize. In this work, we have designed a monochromatic slit based on the four-blade form for BF-beamline in HEPS. It can be used in ultra-high vacuum, high luminous flux working environment. The maximum opening range is up to 30mm*10mm (H*V), while it can allow a white beam of 136mm*24mm (H*V) to pass through. Furthermore, we adopted a point to surface contact design, which can effectively avoid the over-constraint problem between two guide rails.

Poster TUPYP039 [0.457 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-TUPYP039

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Received ※ 10 November 2023 — Revised ※ 10 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 10 November 2023 — Issued ※ 18 July 2024

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TUPYP051

Progress of WALS NEG Coating Equipment and Technology

vacuum, target, experiment, site

108

G. Wei, Y. Chen, X.R. Hao, J.H. He, H.H. Li, H. Li, J. Li, C.Y. Liu, Y. Nie, J. Wang, Y. Wang, P. Xiang, Y. Xu, J.M. Zhang, Y.X. Zhang, Y. Zou
IAS, Wuhan City, People’s Republic of China

The goal of WALS (Wuhan Advanced Light Source) is to build a world -class radiating light source. Chromium-zirconium-copper was chosen as the main material for the entire storage ring vacuum vessels. And magnetron sputtering (PVD) process was used to deposit NEG coating on the inner surface of copper vacuum chamber, which can further improve the performance of the vacuum. At present, the coating laboratory has taken shape as a whole, and has built a standard cleaning platform, coating platform, ultimate vacuum test platform, extraction rate test platform, coating microstructure test process. As for the coating equipment, bias power supply and custom ceramic parts are added to achieve more functions. Different target materials were controlled by multi-electrode control, while experiments were performed on deposited compositions of different ratios of multilayers; Sample tube bias control access during the coating process; Multiple combinations of target materials and bias parameters for the technique have been studied. Coating is currently underway, and specific test results are in progress.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-TUPYP051

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Received ※ 25 October 2023 — Revised ※ 05 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 15 November 2023 — Issued ※ 18 July 2024

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WEOAM02

A Vacuum Aspirated Cryo Cooling System (VACCS)

cryogenics, vacuum, synchrotron, optics

121

G.M.A. Duller, D.L. Magrath, M. Nagy, B. Olafsson
DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom

The use of liquid nitrogen for cooling of synchrotron equipment is widespread. The cryogenic sub-coolers commonly employed come with some significant drawbacks such as cost, complexity, stiffness of distribution lines, and vibration induced by pressure variations. The typical sub-cooler is capable of handling 2-3kW of absorbed power whilst many optics require no more than 50-150W of cooling. We present a Vacuum Aspirated Cryo-cooling System (VACCS) which overcomes many of these disadvantages and which allows cryo-cooling to be implemented more widely. The VACCS system uses a vacuum, generated with no moving parts, to draw LN2 through a heat exchanger. Thus the system does not have to be pressure rated. We describe our designs for highly flexible distribution lines. A simple control system offers variable temperature at the heat exchanger by varying the flowrate of LN2. A system is installed at Diamond which allows the independent control of three zones. A test rig has demonstrated cooling capacity in excess of 100W for a monochromator crystal assembly and controlled temperatures -194¿-120C.

Slides WEOAM02 [21.578 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-WEOAM02

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Received ※ 31 October 2023 — Revised ※ 27 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 08 November 2023 — Issued ※ 08 January 2024

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WEOAM03

Magnetic Levitation on a Budget: A Student Discount

simulation, ISOL, coupling, software

125

J.H. Kelly, D. Crivelli, S. Farrelly, M.L. Hurlstone
DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom

The successful mechatronics development i.e. modelling, simulation, design, build and test of a magnetic levitation stage at the Diamond Light Source is presented. The concept was to use a low control Bandwidth across the 6 degree of freedom MIMO system, to provide both an alignment stage and vibration isolation. The project simultaneously upskilled staff and developed a proof-of-concept system demonstrator at a low cost. The final motion stage was constructed for a component cost of less than £15,000.

Slides WEOAM03 [6.344 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-WEOAM03

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Received ※ 31 October 2023 — Revised ※ 04 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 09 November 2023 — Issued ※ 11 November 2023

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WEOBM07

Design, Modeling and Analysis of a Novel Piezoactuated XY Nanopositioner Supporting Beamline Optical Scanning

simulation, synchrotron, coupling, GUI

150

L.F. Wang, G.C. Chang, S. Tang, Z.Y. Yue, L. Zhang
IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China

In recent years, with the advancement of X-ray optics technology, the spot size of synchrotron beamlines has been reduced to 10nm or even smaller. The reduction in spot size and the emergence of ultra-bright synchrotron sources necessitate higher stability, resolution, and faster scanning speeds for positioning systems. This paper presents the design, analysis, and simulation of an XY piezoelectric driven nanopositioning platform that supports high-precision optical scanning systems. To achieve fast and highly precise motion under the load of an optical system, a design scheme based on a hollow structure with flexible amplification and guiding mechanisms is proposed. This scheme increases displacement output while minimizing coupling displacement to ensure a high natural frequency. The rationality of this platform design is verified through modeling and finite element simulation.

Slides WEOBM07 [3.448 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-WEOBM07

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Received ※ 02 November 2023 — Revised ※ 03 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 04 November 2023 — Issued ※ 18 April 2024

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WEPPP002

The Status of the High-Dynamic DCM-Lite for Sirius/LNLS

MMI, alignment, vacuum, synchrotron

154

G.S. de Albuquerque, J.P.S. Furtado, N.P. Hara, M. Saveri Silva, T.R. Silva Soares
LNLS, Campinas, Brazil

Funding: Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MCTI)
Two new High-Dynamics Double Crystal Monochromators (HD-DCM-Lite) are under installation for QUATI (superbend) and SAPUCAIA (undulator) beamlines at Sirius. The HD-DCM-Lite portrays an updated version of Sirius LNLS HD-DCMs not only in terms of being a lighter equipment for sinusoidal scans speeds with even higher stability goals, but also bringing forward greater robustness for Sirius monochromators projects. It takes advantage of the experience gained from assembly and operation of the previous versions during the last years considering several work fronts, from the mechanics of the bench and cooling systems to FMEA, alignment procedures and control upgrades. In this work those challenges are depicted, and first offline results regarding thermal and dynamical aspects are presented.

Poster WEPPP002 [7.970 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-WEPPP002

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Received ※ 01 November 2023 — Revised ※ 03 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 10 November 2023 — Issued ※ 11 December 2023

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WEPPP024

Design of a Hard X-Ray Nanoprobe based on FZP

vacuum, optics, detector, SRF

184

K.L. Liao, P.Y. Li, M.H. Song
Jinan Hanjiang Opto-Electronics Technology Company Ltd., Jinan, People’s Republic of China
Q.L. He, P.P. Zhu
IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
W.Q. Hua, P. Zhou
SARI-CAS, Pudong, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
L. Luo
TUB, Beijing, People’s Republic of China

A high-resolution hard X-ray nanoprobe (HXNP) based on Fresnel Zone plate (FZP) was designed. The HXNP relies on a compact, high stiffness, low heat dissipation and low vibration design philosophy and utilizes FZP as nanofocusing optics. The optical layout and overall mechanical design of the HXNP were introduced. Several important modules, such as probe module, sample module, interferometer module and vacuum chambers were discussed in detail.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-WEPPP024

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Received ※ 02 November 2023 — Revised ※ 04 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 10 November 2023 — Issued ※ 12 April 2024

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WEPPP050

Quick scanning Channel-Cut crystal monochromator for millisecond time resolution EXAFS at HEPS

synchrotron, simulation, vacuum, synchrotron-radiation

229

Y.S. Lu, H. Liang, Z.K. Liu, D.S. Shen, Z. Sun, Y. Yang, S. Zhang, Y.S. Zhang
IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China

The design and capabilities of a Quick scanning Channel-Cut monochromator (QCCM) for HEPS are presented. The quick scan and step scan are realized by a torque motor directly driven Bragg axis, controlled by a servo controller. This design allows easy and remote control of the oscillation frequency and angular range, providing comprehensive control of QXAFS measure-ments. The cryogenically cooled Si (311) and Si(111) crystals, which extends the energy range from 4.8 keV-45 keV. The dynamic analysis verifies the rationality of the mechanical structure design. The device was fabri-cated and tested, results show an oscillation frequency up to 50Hz with a range of 0.8°, and a resolution of 0.2 arcsecond in step scan mode. This device demonstrates the feasibility of large range quick scan and step scan by a single servo control system.
Quick scanning Channel-Cut crystal monochromator

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-WEPPP050

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Received ※ 02 November 2023 — Revised ※ 05 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 08 November 2023 — Issued ※ 08 January 2024

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THOAM02

SmarGon MCS2: An Enhanced Multi-Axis Goniometer with a New Control System

operation, software, interface, synchrotron

247

W. Glettig, D. Buntschu, E.H. Panepucci, M. Wang
PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
A. Omelcenko
SmarAct, Oldenburg, Germany

As an improvement on the commercially available SmarGon multi-axis goniometer (SmarAct GmbH), the MX Group at the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) has been pursuing further development of the system. In addition to suggesting mechanical improvements to SmarAct to improve ruggedness and reliability, PSI has developed a brand-new and flexible control system for better customization, reliability and control. Calibration routines were implemented to reduce systemic errors, and the system has been tailored for practical beamline usage. SmarGon is a six degree-of-freedom positioning device, allowing positioning of a sample and orientation around any given point, with <5um sphere of confusion diameter. It was purpose-built for protein-crystallography experiments but, as will be presented here, was also re-purposed for other applications. Two devices have been in continuous 24/7 use for two years at the MX Beamlines PXI & PXII at SLS.

Slides THOAM02 [77.940 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-THOAM02

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Received ※ 24 October 2023 — Revised ※ 05 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 10 November 2023 — Issued ※ 08 January 2024

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THPPP014

A Special-Shaped Copper Block Cooling Method for White Beam Mirrors Under Ultra-High Heat Loads*

synchrotron, radiation, synchrotron-radiation, simulation

299

J.Y. Liu, H. Qin, X.X. Yan
IASF, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China

In order to fulfil the more stringent requirements of op-tical figure accuracy for cooled X-Ray mirrors imposed to high heat loads, especially from advanced insertion de-vices in the diffraction limited storage rings (DLSR), investigations on the cooling system for white beam mirrors are conducted in this paper. A special-shaped copper block (SSCB) cooling method is proposed, using eutectic indium-gallium alloy as heat transfer medium. The SSCB cooling technology can keep a 550mm-length mirror slope error of 0.2 ¿rad (RMS) under 230 W absorp-tion heat power, showing great advantages in the accura-cy and flexibility for thermal deformation minimization when compared with the traditional ones.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-THPPP014

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Received ※ 25 October 2023 — Revised ※ 05 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 06 November 2023 — Issued ※ 10 December 2023

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THPPP037

A Micro-Vibration Active Control Method Based on Piezoelectric Ceramic Actuator

ISOL, quadrupole, electron, free-electron-laser

330

Z. Lei, H.X. Deng, R. Deng
SARI-CAS, Pudong, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China

Funding: This work was supported by the CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research (YSBR-042), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (12125508, 11935020)
In linear accelerator, ground vibration is transmitted to beam element (quadrupole magnet, etc.) through support, and then reflected to the influence of beam orbit or effective emittance. In order to reduce the influence of ground vibration on beam orbit stability, an active vibration isolation platform can be used. In this paper, an active vibration isolation system is proposed, which realizes the inverse dynamic process based on a nano-positioning platform and combines with a proportional controller to reduce the transmission of ground-based excitation to the beam element. The absolute vibration velocity signal obtained from the sensor is input to the controller as feedforward signal. The controller processes the input signal and then the output signal drives the piezoelectric ceramic actuator to generate displacement, realizing the active vibration control. The test results of the prototype show that the active vibration isolation system can achieve 50% displacement attenuation, which indicates that the vibration control strategy has certain engineering application value in the construction of large accelerators.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-THPPP037

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Received ※ 25 October 2023 — Revised ※ 05 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 07 November 2023 — Issued ※ 15 December 2023

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THPPP046

Mechanical Design and Manufacture of Electromagnets in HEPS Storage Ring

quadrupole, storage-ring, sextupole, octupole

339

L. Wu, S.Y. Chen, C.H. Li, Y.D. Xu, S. Yang
IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China

The HEPS storage ring comprises 48 7BA (seven-bend achromat) cells. There are 37 independent magnets in every cell, of which 5 dipoles are permanent magnets and the rest of magnets are all electromagnets including quad-rupoles, D-Q(dipole-quadrupole) combined magnets, sextupoles, octupoles and corrector magnets. These elec-tromagnets with small aperture and high magnetic field gradient should achieve high machining and assembly precision. In October 2023, all storage ring electromag-nets manufacturing have been completed. This paper mainly introduces the mechanical design, processing and assembly, and the manufacturing issues in the machining period.

Poster THPPP046 [2.016 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-THPPP046

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Received ※ 24 October 2023 — Revised ※ 05 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 08 November 2023 — Issued ※ 18 January 2024

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THPPP053

CLSI LINAC Upgrade Project

linac, operation, electron, RF-structure

355

L.X. Lin, J.N. Campbell, S.R. Carriere, F. Le Pimpec, K.D. Wyatt
CLS, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada

The Canadian Light Source Inc. (CLSI) is undertaking a significant Linear Accelerator (LINAC) injector Up-grade Project to enhance both the mechanical reliability and operational stability of Canada’s primary re-search synchrotron facility. In late 2018, a critical gun failure led to a seven-month facility downtime. . This incident raised concerns that the original LINAC from 1980 continued to be a high risk to daily facility operations. Furthermore, several other mechanical systems within the facility, including cooling/heating water, HVAC, and certain aspects of the LINAC vacuum systems, have also aged, resulting in decreased reliability. The upgrade to the LINAC and its associated mechanical systems presents an opportunity to significantly improve the operational reliability of the entire facility.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-MEDSI2023-THPPP053

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Received ※ 20 October 2023 — Revised ※ 07 November 2023 — Accepted ※ 08 November 2023 — Issued ※ 18 June 2024

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