Keyword: emittance
Paper Title Other Keywords Page
SUPB003 Feasibility Study of Short Pulse Mode Operation for Multi-turn ERL Light Source linac, simulation, undulator, acceleration 4
 
  • T. Atkinson, A.V. Bondarenko, A.N. Matveenko, Y. Petenev
    HZB, Berlin, Germany
  
  The optics and simulation group at HZB are designing Germany’s future light source. Based on the emerging Energy Recovery Linac super conducting technology, the Femto-Science-Factory (FSF) will provide its users with ultra-bright photons of Angstrom wavelength at 6 GeV. The FSF is intended to be a multi-user facility and offer a wide variety of operation modes. A low emittance ~0.1 μm rad mode will operate in conjunction with a short-pulse ~10 fs mode. This paper highlights the physical limitations when trying to offer interchangeable modes and preserve beam high quality.  
 
SUPB006 Study of Beam-Based Alignment for Shanghai Soft X-Ray FEL Facility linac, simulation, alignment, FEL 10
 
  • D. Gu, Q. Gu, D. Huang, M. Zhang, M.H. Zhao
    SINAP, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
  
  In linear accelerators, dispersion caused by quadrupole misalignment and transverse wake-field effect caused by alignment errors of accelerate structures will lead to a significant emittance growth. There are more stringent restrictions on SXFEL, the traditional optical alignment can no longer meet its requirements, but the Beam-Based Alignment(BBA) method allows more precise alignment, further reduce the Linac errors to meet SXFEL requirements .In undulator sections, orbit changes are not only caused by misalignments of quadrupole magnet position ,but also the errors of undulator magnetic. In order to achieve alignment accuracy over longer distance, we measuring BPM data under different conditions and using SVD algorithm for calculation and analysis, we can get the quadrupole magnet errors and BPM offset. With the method above, software based on MATLAB has been designed and compared the results with other software.  
 
SUPB007 On-Line Dispersion Free Steering for the Main Linac of CLIC ground-motion, feedback, linac, simulation 13
 
  • J. Pfingstner, D. Schulte
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  For future linear colliders as well as for light sources, ground motion effects are a severe problem for the accelerator performance. After a few minutes, orbit feedback systems are not sufficient to mitigate all ground motion effects and additional long term methods will have to be deployed. In this paper, the long term ground motion effects in the main linac of the Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) are analysed via simulation studies. The primary growth of the projected emittance is identified to originate from chromatic dilutions due to dispersive beam orbits. To counter this effect, an on-line identification algorithm is applied to measure the dispersion parasitically. This dispersion estimate is used to correct the beam orbit with an iterative dispersion free steering algorithm. The presented results are not only of interest for the CLIC project, but for all linacs in which the dispersive orbit has to be corrected over time.  
 
SUPB016 RFQ With Improved Energy Gain rfq, simulation, acceleration, ion 41
 
  • A. Kolomiets
    ITEP, Moscow, Russia
  • A.S. Plastun
    MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
  
  RFQ structure is practically only one choice for using in front ends of ion linacs for acceleration up to energy about 3 MeV. This limit is due to its relatively low acceleration efficiency. However it isn’t intrinsic feature of RFQ principle. It is defined only by vane geometry of conventional RFQ structure with sinusoidal modulation of vanes. The paper presents results of analysis RFQ with modified vane geometries that allow to improve acceleration efficiency. RFQ with modified vanes was used for design second section of heavy ion injector of TWAC for acceleration of ions with Z/A = 0.33 up to 7 MeV/u.  
 
MOPLB01 Emittance Control for Different FACET Beam Setups in the SLAC Linac linac, quadrupole, klystron, wakefield 138
 
  • F.-J. Decker, W.S. Colocho, N. Lipkowitz, Y. Nosochkov, J. Sheppard, H. Smith, Y. Sun, M.-H. Wang, G.R. White, U. Wienands, M. Woodley, G. Yocky
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by U.S. Department of Energy, Contract DE-AC02-76SF00515.
The linac beam at SLAC requires different setups for different users at FACET (Facility for Advanced aCcelerator Experimental Tests) area, like highly compressed, intense bunches, or lower charge, long bunches. These require typically a lengthy tuning effort since with a energy-time correlation ("chirp") bunch transverse wakefield kicks can be compensated with dispersive trajectory oscillations and vice versa. Lowering the charge or changing the bunch length will destroy this delicate balance. Besides the typical steering to minimize BPMs (Beam Position Monitors) with correctors, we applied different techniques to try to localize beam disturbances like dispersion with phase changes, RF-kicks and RF quadrupole fields turning a klystron off and on, or varying the phase, and finally wakefield kicks with different beam intensities. It is also important to quantify BPM to quadrupole offsets with "bow-tie" plot and that the correctors give the expected kicks with orbit response matrix measurements. 		 
slides icon Slides MOPLB01 [0.826 MB]  
 
MOPB001 Emittance Control for Different FACET Beam Setups in the SLAC Linac linac, quadrupole, klystron, wakefield 174
 
  • F.-J. Decker, W.S. Colocho, N. Lipkowitz, Y. Nosochkov, J. Sheppard, H. Smith, Y. Sun, M.-H. Wang, G.R. White, U. Wienands, M. Woodley, G. Yocky
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by U.S. Department of Energy, Contract DE-AC02-76SF00515.
The linac beam at SLAC requires different setups for different users at FACET (Facility for Advanced aCcelerator Experimental Tests) area, like highly compressed, intense bunches, or lower charge, long bunches. These require typically a lengthy tuning effort since with a energy-time correlation ("chirp") bunch transverse wakefield kicks can be compensated with dispersive trajectory oscillations and vice versa. Lowering the charge or changing the bunch length will destroy this delicate balance. Besides the typical steering to minimize BPMs (Beam Position Monitors) with correctors, we applied different techniques to try to localize beam disturbances like dispersion with phase changes, RF-kicks and RF quadrupole fields turning a klystron off and on, or varying the phase, and finally wakefield kicks with different beam intensities. It is also important to quantify BPM to quadrupole offsets with "bow-tie" plot and that the correctors give the expected kicks with orbit response matrix measurements. 		 
 
MOPB013 Experimental Results on the PHIL Photo-injector Test Stand at LAL cathode, electron, laser, gun 198
 
  • R. Roux, F. Blot, J. Brossard, C. Bruni, S. Cavalier, J-N. Cayla, V. Chaumat, M. El Khaldi, A. Gonnin, P. Lepercq, E.N. Mandag, B. Mercier, H. Monard, C. Prevost, V. Soskov, A. Variola
    LAL, Orsay, France
  
  Since the first beam in November 2009 of the alphaX S-band RF gun, upgrades of the beamline have been carried out. Several YAG screens based transverse dimensions monitors have been installed as well as supplementary charge diagnostics. We will present a detailed experimental characterization of the RF gun performances such as emittance measurement using a solenoid scan and energy spread as a function of the RF phase. Most of the accelerator operation and experimental results have been carried out with a copper photo-cathode. PHIL being a test stand for photo-injectors, we have also tested a magnesium photo-cathode with the aim of higher charge per bunch thanks to its higher quantum efficiency. We will report on the results of this experiment. In May 2012, a new RF gun, the PHIN gun, will be installed. This gun which is also a S-band 2,5 cells is a copy of the one that LAL built for the CLIC Test Facility 3 at CERN. In the future, we plan to use this gun to produce a high charge up to 10nC with CsTe photo-cathodes introduced in the gun from a UHV transfer chamber. Preliminary tests and measurements of the beam produced by this gun with a copper photo-cathode will be presented.  
 
MOPB024 Beam Dynamics Simulation and Optimization for 10 MeV Superconducting e-Linac Injector for VECC-RIB Facility electron, linac, TRIUMF, gun 225
 
  • A. Chakrabarti, S. Dechoudhury, V. Naik
    VECC, Kolkata, India
  • F. Ames, R.A. Baartman, Y.-C. Chao, R.E. Laxdal, M. Marchetto, L. Merminga, F. Yan
    TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada
  • G. Goh
    SFU, Burnaby, BC, Canada
  
  Funding: This project is funded by Department of Atomic Energy, India
In the first phase of ongoing collaboration between VECC (India) and TRIUMF (Canada) a 10 MeV superconducting electron linac injector will be installed at VECC. This will constitute a 100 keV DC thermionic gun with grid delivering pulsed electron beam at 650 MHz. Owing to low energy from the gun, a capture cryo-module (CCM) consisting of two β = 1 single cell elliptical cavities (frequency = 1.3 GHz) will be inserted before a 9-cell β = 1 elliptical cavity that will provide acceleration to 10 MeV. The present paper depicts the beam dynamics simulation and optimization of different parameters for the injector with a realistic simulated beam emittance from the electron gun. 		 
 
MOPB025 1ms Multi-bunch Electron Beam Acceleration by a Normal Conducting RF Gun and Superconducting Accelerator gun, laser, cavity, cathode 228
 
  • M. Kuriki, S. Hosoda, H. Iijima
    HU/AdSM, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
  • H. Hayano, J. Urakawa, K. Watanabe
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  • G. Isoyama, R. Kato, K. Kawase
    ISIR, Osaka, Japan
  • S. Kashiwagi
    Tohoku University, Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Sendai, Japan
  • A. Kuramoto
    Sokendai, Ibaraki, Japan
  • K. Sakaue
    RISE, Tokyo, Japan
  
  Funding: Quantum Beam Project by MEXT, Japan
We perform electron beam generation and acceleration of 1 ms long pulse and multi-bunch format at KEK-STF (Superconducting Test Facility). The 1 ms long pulse beam is generated by a normal conducting photo-cathode L-band RF gun. The beam is boosted up to 40 MeV by a super-conducting accelerator. Aim of STF is to establish the super-conducting accelerator technology for ILC (International Linear Collider). The facility is concurrently used to demonstrate high brightness X-ray generation by inverse laser Compton scattering supported by MEXT Quantum Beam project. The RF gun cavity has been fabricated by DESY-FNAL-KEK collaboration. After conditioning process, a stable operation of the cavity up to 4.0 MW RF input with 1 ms pulse was achieved by keeping low dark current. 1 ms pulse generation and acceleration has been confirmed in March 2012. Quasi-monochromatic X-ray generation experiment by Laser-Compton will be carried out at STF from the next coming July. We report the latest status of STF. 		 
 
MOPB036 Feasibility Study of Short Pulse Mode Operation for Multi-turn ERL Light Source linac, simulation, undulator, acceleration 255
 
  • T. Atkinson, A.V. Bondarenko, A.N. Matveenko, Y. Petenev
    HZB, Berlin, Germany
  
  The optics and simulation group at HZB are designing Germany’s future light source. Based on the emerging Energy Recovery Linac super conducting technology, the Femto-Science-Factory (FSF) will provide its users with ultra-bright photons of Angstrom wavelength at 6 GeV. The FSF is intended to be a multi-user facility and offer a wide variety of operation modes. A low emittance ~0.1 μm rad mode will operate in conjunction with a short-pulse ~10 fs mode. This paper highlights the physical limitations when trying to offer interchangeable modes and preserve beam high quality.  
 
MOPB038 Single Shot Bunch-by-Bunch Beam Emittance Measurement of the SPring-8 Linac linac, injection, electron, dipole 261
 
  • Y. Shoji, K. Takeda
    LASTI, Hyogo, Japan
  
  Bunch by bunch emittance of a single shot beam from the SPring-8 electron linac was measured. The linac is operated as an injector to the electron storage ring, NewSUBARU. A high beam stability is required for the stable top-up injection into the ring with a small acceptance. We used the electron ring as a part of the measurement system. The electron beam from the linac was injected into the ring and circulated for many turns. The beam profiles were recorded by a dual-sweep streak camera using the visible light in the ring. The fast sweep separated the bunches in 1 ns macro pulse and the slow sweep separated the profiles at different revolutions. It enabled a multi-record of beam profiles in one camera frame. Betatron oscillation in the ring produced the phase space rotation for the reconstruction of the beam emittance. The ring parameters were optimized for the measurement because the beam storage was not necessary. A stability of the linac beam was evaluated from the shot by shot fluctuation of the emittance and the bunch structure. We also compared the emittances of a front bunch and a rear bunch in the same pulse.  
 
MOPB042 On-line Dispersion Free Steering for the Main Linac of CLIC ground-motion, feedback, linac, simulation 267
 
  • J. Pfingstner, D. Schulte
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  For future linear colliders as well as for light sources, ground motion effects are a severe problem for the accelerator performance. After a few minutes, orbit feedback systems are not sufficient to mitigate all ground motion effects and additional long term methods will have to be deployed. In this paper, the long term ground motion effects in the main linac of the Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) are analysed via simulation studies. The primary growth of the projected emittance is identified to originate from chromatic dilutions due to dispersive beam orbits. To counter this effect, an on-line identification algorithm is applied to measure the dispersion parasitically. This dispersion estimate is used to correct the beam orbit with an iterative dispersion free steering algorithm. The presented results are not only of interest for the CLIC project, but for all linacs in which the dispersive orbit has to be corrected over time.  
 
MOPB094 Simulation Study on the Longitudinal Bunch Shape Measurement by RF Chopper at J-PARC Linac cavity, simulation, linac, DTL 395
 
  • T. Maruta
    JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan
  • M. Ikegami
    J-PARC, KEK & JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan
  
  A RF chopper is placed in the medium energy transport section (MEBT1) at J-PARC linac. The chopper is normally driven at synchronous phase of 0 degree to give a maximum deflection. The chopper has two RF gaps and both of them deflect a beam bunch horizontally while RF is on. In the MEBT1 section, while we have a transverse emittance monitor, there is no longitudinal monitor. It is hard to newly place a longitudinal beam monitor there due to space limitation. We conduct a simulation which studies on the usability of the chopper to a longitudinal beam monitor. When the synchronous phase of the chopper is ± 90 degree, the longitudinal beam profile is projected to horizontal beam distribution. In this presentation, we introduce simulation results.  
 
MOPB098 Planning for Experimental Demonstration of Transverse Emittance Transfer at the GSI UNILAC through Eigen-Emittance Shaping quadrupole, coupling, simulation, scattering 404
 
  • C. Xiao, O.K. Kester
    IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
  • L. Groening
    GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
  
  The minimum transverse emittances achievable in a beam line are determined by the two transverse eigen-emittances of the beam. For vanishing interplane correlations they are equal to the transverse rms-emittances. Eigen-emittances are constants of motion for all symplectic beam line elements, i.e. (even tilted) linear elements. To allow for rms-emittance transfer, the eigen-emittances are changed by a non-symplectic action to the beam, preferably preserving the 4d-rms-emittance. Unlike emittance swapping the presented concept will allow transforming a beam of equal rms-emittances into a beam of different rms-emittances while preserving the 4d-rms-emittance. This contribution will introduce the concept for eigen-emittance shaping and rms-emittance transfer at an ion linac. The actual work status towards the experimental demonstration of the concept at the GSI UNILAC is presented.  
 
TU2A02 Overview of SACLA Machine Status electron, undulator, laser, gun 427
 
  • Y. Otake
    RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, Japan
  
  SACLA of an X-ray free-electron laser has been constructed and was successfully lased at 0.06 nm in 2011. SACLA mainly comprises a low-emittance thermionic electron gun, an 8-GeV linear accelerator using C-band (5712 MHz) cavities and 18 in-vacuum undulators. The concept to develop this machine is compactness compared with the other machine, such as LCLS with the length of more than 1 km. Stable X-ray lasing up to 0.06 nm as also the concept demands extreme stable accelerator components, such as 50 fs temporal stability at a cavity in an injector. We now realized a 700 m compact machine by a low-emittance at the electron gun, an accelerating gradient of more than 35 MV/m with the C-band accelerator, and the short-period undulators. The continuous lasing for more than several days is strongly supported by these stable components and small operator‘s trimming, and also established by reduction of perturbation sources to laser instability. SACLA is regularly operated for user experiments, such as the imaging with extreme amount of data. This presentation introduces the machine performance, the reduction of the perturbation sources and the operation of SACLA.  
slides icon Slides TU2A02 [28.971 MB]  
 
TUPLB02 Deflecting Structures with Minimized Level of Aberrations controls, diagnostics, RF-structure, electromagnetic-fields 445
 
  • V.V. Paramonov
    RAS/INR, Moscow, Russia
  
  Funding: in part RBFR N 12-02-00654a
Deflecting structures are now widely used for bunch phase space manipulations either in bunch rotation for special bunch diagnostic or in emittance exchange experiments. As a tool for manipulation, the structure itself should provide the minimal phase space perturbations due to non linear additives in the field distribution. Even if the field of synchronous harmonic is aberration free, the higher space harmonics provide significant non linear additives in the field distribution, leading to emittance growth during phase space manipulation. Criterion of the field quality estimation is developed and deflecting structures are considered for minimization of non linear additives. Examples with almost aberration free total field distributions are presented. 		 
slides icon Slides TUPLB02 [0.727 MB]  
 
TUPB001 The Fine Structure of the Zone of Particle Interaction with a Finite Length Periodic Structure wakefield, simulation, impedance, diagnostics 473
 
  • V.V. Paramonov
    RAS/INR, Moscow, Russia
  
  The periodic constant impedance deflecting structures are widely used for a special beam diagnostic in FEL facilities. The method, based on frequency domain approach, was developed to estimate long range wake fields structure parameters in a wide frequency range. It is shown, that regardless to number of cells in the structure, at each passband to the zone of particle effective interaction with the structure belongs several, at least three modes. The usual time domain simulations provide the total estimation for loss factor or kick factor values and modes separation in the time domain approach requires enormous simulations.  
 
TUPB002 Deflecting Structures with Minimized Level of Aberrations controls, diagnostics, RF-structure, electromagnetic-fields 476
 
  • V.V. Paramonov
    RAS/INR, Moscow, Russia
  
  Funding: in part RBFR N 12-02-00654a
Deflecting structures are now widely used for bunch phase space manipulations either in bunch rotation for special bunch diagnostic or in emittance exchange experiments. As a tool for manipulation, the structure itself should provide the minimal phase space perturbations due to non linear additives in the field distribution. Even if the field of synchronous harmonic is aberration free, the higher space harmonics provide significant non linear additives in the field distribution, leading to emittance growth during phase space manipulation. Criterion of the field quality estimation is developed and deflecting structures are considered for minimization of non linear additives. Examples with almost aberration free total field distributions are presented. 		 
 
TUPB008 Major Trends in Linac Design for X-ray FELs electron, FEL, linac, cathode 489
 
  • A. Zholents
    ANL, Argonne, USA
  
  Funding: This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
Major trends in the contemporary linac designs for x-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) are outlined starting with identification of the key performance parameters, continuing with considerations of the design options for the electron gun and linac, and finishing with electron beam manipulation in the phase space. 		 
 
TUPB013 Update on the Commissioning Effort at the SwissFEL Injector Test Facility laser, electron, quadrupole, optics 504
 
  • T. Schietinger
    PSI, Villigen, Switzerland
  
  The SwissFEL Injector Test Facility at the Paul Scherrer Institute is the principal test bed and demonstration plant for the SwissFEL project, which aims at realizing a hard-X-ray Free Electron Laser by 2017. Since the spring of 2012 the photoinjector facility has been running with all RF cavities in full operation, allowing beam characterization at energies around 230 MeV with bunch charges between 10 and 200 pC. We give an overview of recent commissioning efforts with particular emphasis on efforts to optimize the emittance of the uncompressed beam.  
 
TUPB018 Study of Beam-Based Alignment for Shanghai Soft X-Ray FEL Facility linac, simulation, alignment, FEL 513
 
  • D. Gu, Q. Gu, D. Huang, M. Zhang, M.H. Zhao
    SINAP, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
  
  In linear accelerators, dispersion caused by quadrupole misalignment and transverse wake-field effect caused by alignment errors of accelerate structures will lead to a significant emittance growth. There are more stringent restrictions on SXFEL, the traditional optical alignment can no longer meet its requirements, but the Beam-Based Alignment(BBA) method allows more precise alignment, further reduce the Linac errors to meet SXFEL requirements .In undulator sections, orbit changes are not only caused by misalignments of quadrupole magnet position ,but also the errors of undulator magnetic. In order to achieve alignment accuracy over longer distance, we measuring BPM data under different conditions and using SVD algorithm for calculation and analysis, we can get the quadrupole magnet errors and BPM offset. With the method above, software based on MATLAB has been designed and compared the results with other software.  
 
TUPB022 A Passive Linearizer for Bunch Compression FEL, electron, linac, laser 525
 
  • Q. Gu, M. Zhang, M.H. Zhao
    SINAP, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
  
  In high gain free electron laser (FEL) facility design and operation, a high bunch current is required to get lasing with a reasonable gain length. Because of the current limitation of the electron source due to the space charge effect, a compression system is commonly used to compress the electron beam to the exact current needed. Before the bunch compression, the nonlinear energy spread due to the finite bunch length should be compensated; otherwise the longitudinal profile of bunch will be badly distorted. Usually an X band accelerating structure is used to compensate the nonlinear energy spread while decelerating the beam. For UV FEL facility, the X band system is too expensive comparing to the whole facility. In this paper, we present a corrugated structure as a passive linearizer, and the preliminary study of the beam dynamics is also shown.  
 
TUPB023 The Optimization of RF Deflector Input Power Coupler coupling, electron, simulation, diagnostics 528
 
  • A.Yu. Smirnov, O.A. Adonev, P.V. Binyukov, N.P. Sobenin
    MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
  
  This paper concerns the investigation of different types of input power cell for S-band RF electron deflector. This device serving for slice emittance diagnostics is a disc-loaded waveguide which operates with TE11-like wave in traveling wave regime with 120 deg phase shift per cell. Since this deflector meets the restriction on its length and has to provide high enough deflecting potential to a particle during its flight time it is significant to increase the transversal field strength in coupling cell or to shorten it so that the deflecting potential remains constant. The total structure consists of 14 regular cells and two couplers. As it is now all cells have the same length equal to D=33.34 mm and the field in couplers is lower than that of regular cells. In this paper different length are considered and numerically simulated in order to choose the best one.  
 
TUPB031 Beam Envelope Analysis and Simulation linac, ion, simulation, controls 543
 
  • V.S. Dyubkov, A.S. Plastun
    MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
  
  Forming the charge particle beams with small cross-sections and low energies is an actual problem for a linac design. That beams are used actively for isotope therapy, ion implantation, etc. Beam emittance is its quality factor, and it should be matched with a facility channel acceptance. The method for beam dynamics analysis at linac is developed in terms of non-coherent particle oscillation study. Nonlinear beam dynamics is investigated by using this method. It is shown that this technique allows one to realize effective beam emittance control. Analytical results obtained are verified by means of numerical simulation.  
 
TUPB032 Beam Dynamics of the Linac ALPI-PIAVE in View of Possible Upgrades Scenario for the SPES Project. rfq, linac, ion, injection 546
 
  • M. Comunian, C. Roncolato
    INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy
  • B.B. Chalykh
    ITEP, Moscow, Russia
  
  At the Legnaro National Laboratories it is operating a Super Conducting linac for nuclear studies named ALPI. The ALPI linac is injected either by a XTU tandem, up to 14 MV, or by the s-c PIAVE injector, made with 2 SC-RFQ. In this article will be report the beam dynamics simulations for some possible scenario upgrade of the linac operate by a new injector, made with a new RFQ.  
 
TUPB043 One Design of Heavy Ion Linac Injector for CSRm linac, ion, heavy-ion, acceleration 573
 
  • X.H. Zhang, J.W. Xia, Y.J. Yuan
    IMP, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
  
  The design of heavy ion linac as one new injector of the main Cooling Storage Ring (CSRm) has been discussed. The linac design is based on interdigital H mode drift tube with KONUS (Kombinierte Null Grad Struktur). A high acceleration rate with zero degree synchronous particle phase acceleration reduce the length of IH-KONUS linac and the cost in comparison with conventional linac based on Alvarez structure. To reduce the effect of emittance growth, the RFQ structure is used in front of the IH-KONUS linac. In this linac, the design particle 238U28+ will be accelerated to 7 AMeV, and the transmission of Uranium beam can reach up to 80%. In this report, the initial physics design of the main linac is presented.  
 
TUPB054 Coherent Effects of High Current Beam in Project-X Linac HOM, linac, cavity, cryogenics 597
 
  • A.I. Sukhanov, I.V. Gonin, T.N. Khabiboulline, A. Lunin, A. Saini, N. Solyak, A. Vostrikov, V.P. Yakovlev
    Fermilab, Batavia, USA
  
  Resonance excitation of longitudinal high order modes in superconducting RF structures of Project X CW linac is studied. We analyze regimes of operation of the linac with high beam current, which can be used to provide an intense muon source for the future Neutrino Factory or Muon Collider, and also important for the Accelerator-Driven Subcritical (ADS) systems. We calculate power loss and associated heat load to the cryogenic system. Longitudinal emittance growth is estimated. We consider an alternative design of the elliptical cavity for the high energy part of linac, which is more suitable for high current operation.  
 
TUPB075 Beam Dynamics Design of China ADS Proton Linac linac, cavity, rfq, proton 648
 
  • Z. Li, P. Cheng, H. Geng, Z. Guo, C. Meng, B. Sun, J.Y. Tang, F. Yan
    IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
  
  Funding: Supported by China ADS Program(XDA03020000), National Natural Science Fundation of China (10875099) and IHEP Special Fundings(Y0515550U1)
It is widely accepted that the Accelerator Driven System (ADS) is one of the most promising technical approach to solve the problem of the nuclear wastes, a potential threaten to the sustainable development of the nuclear fission energy. An ADS study program is approved by Chinese Academy of Sciences at 2011, which aims to design and built an ADS demonstration facility with the capability of more than 1000 MW thermal power within the following 25 years. The 15 MW driver accelerator will be designed and constructed by the Institute of High Energy Physics(IHEP) and Institute of Modern Physics(IMP) of China Academy of Sciences. This linac is characterized by the 1.5 GeV energy, 10mA current and CW operation. It is composed by two parallel 10 MeV injectors and a main linac integrated with fault tolerance design. The superconducting acceleration structures are employed except the RFQ. In this paper the general considerations and the beam dynamics design of the driver accelerator will be presented. 		 
 
WE1A01 ERL-Based Light Source Challenges gun, linac, electron, laser 714
 
  • Y. Kobayashi
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  
  The challenges of the design and technology for the future Energy Recovery Liancs will be reviewed: electron sources, injector, SCRF cavities and cryomodules, commissioning.  
 
WE1A02 Status and Future of the CLIC Study linac, luminosity, target, damping 719
 
  • R. Corsini
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  The Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) International Collaboration is carrying out an extensive R&D program towards a multi-TeV electron-positron collider. The CLIC concept is based on the use of high-gradient normal-conducting accelerating structures in conjunction with a novel two-beam acceleration scheme, where the RF power needed to accelerate the colliding beams is extracted from a high-current drive beam running parallel to the main linac. In order to establish the feasibility of such concept a number of key issues were addressed, both experimentally and theoretically, and the results of the study were documented in the recently completed CLIC Conceptual Design Report (CDR). The conclusions reached in the CDR constitute also an important contribution to the European strategy group. A short summary of the present status with will be given, together with an outlook on the program for the next period, aimed at the preparation of an implementation plan.  
 
WE1A03 Application of X-band Linacs linac, FEL, gun, collider 724
 
  • G. D'Auria
    ELETTRA, Basovizza, Italy
  
  Since the late 80’s the development of Normal Conducting (NC) X-band technology for particle accelerators has made significant progress and has witnessed tremendous growth. The driving force behind this technological development has been, and is, the interest of the scientific community in the construction of a Multi-TeV e+e− Linear Collider at a reasonable size and cost. The use of the X-band frequency allows for a much higher accelerating gradient per meter, when compared to the S and C bands. SLAC, with a major contribution from KEK, has been pioneering this development since the late 80’s in the framework of the NLC/JLC projects. Later, in 2007, the same technology was chosen by CERN for CLIC, the 12 GHz Linear Collider based on the Two-Beam Acceleration (TBA) concept. In addition to these applications, X-band technology is also rapidly expanding in the field of X-ray FELs and other photon sources where it shows great potential. Here, a selection of X-band projects as well as the main applications of this technology at different international laboratories, is reported. The paper also includes a brief report on X-band medical and industrial applications.  
slides icon Slides WE1A03 [5.826 MB]  
 
THPLB03 Front-End Linac Design and Beam Dynamics Simulations for MYRRHA rfq, DTL, simulation, linac 813
 
  • C. Zhang, H. Klein, D. Mäder, H. Podlech, U. Ratzinger, A. Schempp, R. Tiede, M. Vossberg
    IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
  
  Funding: Funded by the European Atomic Energy Community’s (Euratom) 7th Framework Programme under Grant Agreement n°269565.
A 17MeV, 176MHz, and CW (Continuous Wave) proton linac is being developed as the front end of the driver accelerator for the MYRRHA facility in Mol, Belgium. Based on the promising preliminary design, further simulation and optimization studies have been performed with respect to code benchmarking, RFQ simulation using realistic LEBT output distributions, and an updated CH-DTL design with more detailed inter-tank configurations. This paper summarizes the new results. 		 
slides icon Slides THPLB03 [1.292 MB]  
 
THPLB11 Experimental and Simulation Study of the Long-path-length Dynamics of a Space-charge-dominated Bunch simulation, space-charge, electron, focusing 834
 
  • I. Haber, B.L. Beaudoin, S. Bernal, R.A. Kishek, T.W. Koeth, Y. Mo
    UMD, College Park, Maryland, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by the United States Department of Energy and the Office of Naval Research.
The University of Maryland Electron Ring (UMER) is a low-energy (10 keV) electron facility built to study, on a scaled machine, the long-propagation-length evolution of a space-charge-dominated beam. Though constructed in a ring geometry to achieve a long path length at modest cost, UMER has observed important space-charge physics directly relevant to linear machines. Examples will be presented that emphasize studies of the longitudinal dynamics and comparisons to axisymmetric simulations. The detailed agreement obtained between simulation and experiment will be presented as evidence that the longitudinal physics observed is not strongly influenced by the ring geometry. Novel phenomena such as soliton formation, unimpeded bunch-end interpenetration, and an instability that occurs after this interpenetration, will be discussed. 		 
 
THPLB12 Photoinjector SRF Cavity Development for BERLinPro cavity, cathode, gun, HOM 837
 
  • A. Neumann, W. Anders, T. Kamps, J. Knobloch
    HZB, Berlin, Germany
  • E.N. Zaplatin
    FZJ, Jülich, Germany
  
  In 2010 HZB has received approval to build BERLinPro, an ERL project to demonstrate energy recovery at 100 mA beam current by pertaining a high quality beam. These goals place stringent requirements on the SRF cavity for the photoinjector which has to deliver a small emittance 100 mA beam with at least 1.5 MeV kinetic energy while limited by fundamental power coupler performance to about 200 kW forward power. In oder to achieve these goals the injector cavity is being developed in a three stage approach. The current design studies focus on implementing a normal conducting cathode insert into a newly developed superconducting photoinjector cavity. In this paper the fundamental RF design calculations concerning cell shape for optimized beam dynamics as well as SRF performance will be presented. Further studies concentrate on the HZDR based choke cell design to implement the high quantum efficiency normal conducting cathode with the SRF cavity.  
slides icon Slides THPLB12 [1.431 MB]  
 
THPB005 Front-End Linac Design and Beam Dynamics Simulations for MYRRHA rfq, DTL, simulation, linac 849
 
  • C. Zhang, H. Klein, D. Mäder, H. Podlech, U. Ratzinger, A. Schempp, R. Tiede, M. Vossberg
    IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
  
  Funding: Funded by the European Atomic Energy Community’s (Euratom) 7th Framework Programme under Grant Agreement n°269565.
A 17MeV, 176MHz, and CW (Continuous Wave) proton linac is being developed as the front end of the driver accelerator for the MYRRHA facility in Mol, Belgium. Based on the promising preliminary design, further simulation and optimization studies have been performed with respect to code benchmarking, RFQ simulation using realistic LEBT output distributions, and an updated CH-DTL design with more detailed inter-tank configurations. This paper summarizes the new results. 		 
 
THPB007 A Pulsed Linac Front-end for ADS Applications proton, rfq, simulation, linac 855
 
  • U. Ratzinger, H. Podlech, A. Schempp, K. Volk
    IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
  • U. Hagen, O. Heid, T.J.S. Hughes
    Siemens AG, Erlangen, Germany
  • H. Hoeltermann
    BEVATECH OHG, Offenbach/Main, Germany
  
  Quite a number of projects worldwide develop proton driver linacs for neutron sources and other accelerator driven systems. One trend is to use a high duty factor and superconducting cavities as much as possible. Alternatively, one can aim on short duty factor and count on a continuing rapid development of pulsed rf amplifiers based on power transistor technology. A 500 mA, 5 % duty factor layout of a proton injector is presented, consisting of a filament driven volume ion source, of a 150 keV transport section and of a 4 m long 162 MHz RFQ up to 2 MeV beam energy. Beam dynamics results as well as the technical design will be shown.  
 
THPB012 High Resolution Emittance Measurements at SNS Front End linac, coupling, DTL, target 870
 
  • A.P. Zhukov, A.V. Aleksandrov
    ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  
  Funding: ORNL/SNS is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725.
Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) linac accelerates an H− beam from 2.5MeV up to 1GeV. Recently the emittance scanner in the MEBT (2.5 MeV) was upgraded. In addition to the slit - harp measurement we now can use a slit installed on the same actuator as the harp. In combination with a faraday cup located downstream in DTL part of the linac it represents a classical slit-slit emittance measurement device. While a slit – slit scan takes much longer time, it is immune to harp related problems such as wire cross talk and thus looks promising for accurate halo measurements. Time resolution of the new device seems to be sufficient to estimate amount of the beam in the chopper gap (the scanner is downstream of the chopper) and probably measure its emittance. The paper describes initial measurements with new device and some model validation data. 		 
 
THPB013 Diagnostics Tools for Beam Halo Investigation in SNS Linac linac, laser, diagnostics, background 873
 
  • A.V. Aleksandrov, W. Blokland, Y. Liu, C.D. Long, A.P. Zhukov
    ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  
  Funding: SNS is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 for the U.S. Department of Energy.
Uncontrolled beam loss is the major concern in operation of a high intensity hadron linac. A low density cloud of particles with large oscillation amplitudes, so called halo, can form around the dense regular beam core. This halo can be direct or indirect cause of beam loss. There is an experimental evidence of halo growing in SNS linac and limiting further reduction of beam loss. A set of tools is being developed for detecting of the halo and investigating its origin and dynamics. The set includes high resolution emittance measurements in the injector, laser based emittance measurements at 1 GeV, and high resolution profile measurements along the linac. We will present our experience with useful measurement techniques and data analysis algorithms as well as current understanding of the halo dynamics in SNS linac. 		 
 
THPB014 Lattice Design and Beam Dynamics Studies for Project X linac, cryomodule, lattice, rfq 876
 
  • N. Solyak, J.-P. Carneiro, V.A. Lebedev, J.-F. Ostiguy, A. Saini
    Fermilab, Batavia, USA
  
  Fermilab is developing Project-X, a high intensity superconducting H− machine for high energy physics experiments. The first stage is 1 mA average, 3 GeV linac operating in CW mode. Its front-end comprises a LEBT section with magnetic focusing and pre-chopping, a 162.5 MHz RFQ and ~10 m long MEBT section which includes a high bandwidth, bunch-by-bunch capable chopper. The latter extracts, out of a nominal 5 mA peak 162.5 MHz train, and arbitrary bunch structure able to meet the requirements of different experiments. Acceleration from 2.1 MeV to 3 GeV is accomplished through five families of SRF cavities operating at three frequencies: Half-wave resonators (162.5 MHz), spoke cavities (two families at 325 MHz) and elliptical cavities (two families at 650 MHz). In this contribution, we present the status of the CW linac lattice design and results from recent beam physics studies.  
 
THPB024 Main Linac Physics Design Study of the C-ADS Project linac, cavity, solenoid, lattice 900
 
  • F. Yan, Z. Li, C. Meng, J.Y. Tang
    IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
  
  Funding: The pilot special funds of Chinese Academy of Science
The Chinese ADS project is proposed to build a 1000MW Accelerator Driven sub-critical System before 2032. The accelerator will be operating on CW mode with 10mA average current and the final energy is 1.5GeV. The whole linac are composed of two major sections: the Injector section and the main linac section. There are two different schemes for the Injector section. InjectorI is basing on 325MHz RFQ and superconducting spoke cavities and Injector II is basing on 162.5MHz RFQ and superconducting HWR cavities. The main linac design will be different for different Injector choice. If Injector II scheme is adopted, the main linac bunch current will be doubled. In this paper we studied the main linac design basing on InjectorII scheme. The design principles and the priliminary design results is presented. 		 
 
THPB028 The ESS Low Energy Beam Transport Line Design rfq, solenoid, linac, ion 912
 
  • L. Neri, L. Calabretta, A.C. Caruso, L. Celona, S. Gammino, A. Longhitano, D. Mascali
    INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
  • B. Cheymol, A. Ponton
    ESS, Lund, Sweden
  
  The linear accelerator of the European Spallation Source (ESS) will deliver proton beams of 50 mA and 2.5 GeV onto the 5 MW neutron production target. The Proton Source for ESS (PS-ESS) [1] is based on the experience of TRIPS and VIS developed at LNS Catania [2,3]. A two solenoid Low Energy Beam Transport (LEBT) is foreseen to match the beam into the first acceleration stage, the Radio-Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) [4]. Beam production means also detailed characterization of produced beam, with this scope the LEBT houses many instrumentation devices and use different techniques that will be described in this work. The LEBT will be also equipped with an electrostatic chopper in order to remove the unwanted part of the beam pulse during the natural rise and fall times of the ion source. Beam dynamics calculations of the LEBT have been carried out considering also the Space Charge Compensation (SCC) produced by the interaction of the beam with the residual gas, and its effect on beam transport and chopping. Particular emphasis has been put on the evaluation of the beam transient behavior, due to the chopping process, at the entrance of the RFQ, results of the study are presented in this paper.  
 
THPB029 The ESS RFQ Beam Dynamics Design rfq, linac, proton, DTL 915
 
  • A. Ponton
    ESS, Lund, Sweden
  
  to be added  
 
THPB039 Design of a Four-Vane RFQ for China ADS Project rfq, cavity, neutron, proton 942
 
  • Z.L. Zhang, X. Du, Y. He, X. Jin, C. Li, Y. Liu, A. Shi, L.P. Sun, B. Zhang, H.W. Zhao
    IMP, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
  • M.D. Hoff, A.R. Lambert, D. Li, J.W. Staples, S.P. Virostek
    LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
  • J. Wang
    Lanzhou University of Technology, People's Republic of China
  • C. Zhang
    IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
  
  A four-vane RFQ accelerator has been designed for the ADS project which has been launched in China since 2011. As one of the front ends of C-ADS LINAC, the RFQ works at a frequency of 162.5 MHz, accelerating the proton beam from 35 keV to 2.1 MeV. Due to the CW (continuous wave) operating mode, a small Kilpatric factor of 1.2 was adopted. At the same time, Pi-mode rods are employed to reduce the effect of dipole mode on quadrupole mode, and cavity tuning will be implemented by temperature adjustment of cooling water. Beam dynamics design, RF cavity design, thermal and stress analysis all will be presented in the paper.  
 
THPB043 The RFQ injector for the Radioactive Ion Beam of SPES Project rfq, ion, linac, injection 951
 
  • M. Comunian, F. Grespan, A. Palmieri, A. Pisent
    INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy
  
  A Continous Wave Radio Frequency Quadrupole Accelerator has been designed for the Radioactive Ion Beam of SPES Project to be used as an Injector of the ALPI Linac. The RFQ frequency is 80 MHz for an input energy of 40 keV, with output energy of 5 MeV and ion ratio q/A<= 1/7. Particular care has been put in the design phase to include an internal bunching section able to reduce the longitudinal output emittance. The details of the RF study of such a cavity are included as well.  
 
THPB050 RFQ With Improved Energy Gain rfq, simulation, acceleration, ion 966
 
  • A. Kolomiets
    ITEP, Moscow, Russia
  • A.S. Plastun
    MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
  
  RFQ structure is practically only one choice for using in front ends of ion linacs for acceleration up to energy about 3 MeV. This limit is due to its relatively low acceleration efficiency. However it isn’t intrinsic feature of RFQ principle. It is defined only by vane geometry of conventional RFQ structure with sinusoidal modulation of vanes. The paper presents results of analysis RFQ with modified vane geometries that allow to improve acceleration efficiency. RFQ with modified vanes was used for design second section of heavy ion injector of TWAC for acceleration of ions with Z/A = 0.33 up to 7 MeV/u.  
 
THPB051 Improvements at the BNL 200 MeV Linac linac, rfq, solenoid, beam-transport 969
 
  • D. Raparia, J.G. Alessi, B. Briscoe, J.M. Fite, O. Gould, V. LoDestro, M. Okamura, J. Ritter, A. Zelenski
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
  
  After reconfiguration of the low energy (35 keV) and the medium energy (750 keV) transport lines in 2009-10, the Brookhaven linac delivered the highest intensity beam since it was built in 1970 (~120 μA average current of H− to the Brookhaven Linac Isotope Producer). It also delivered lower emittance polarized H− ion beam for the polarized program at RHIC. To increase the intensity further, the match into the RFQ was improved by reducing the distance from the fnal focusing solenoid to the RFQ and replacing the buncher in the 750 keV line with one with higher Q value, to allow operation at higher power. We also found that drift –tube linac tank number 7 was operating with about 1 MW lower power than design. The transmission efficiencies and beam quality will be discussed in the paper.  
 
THPB052 Recent Progress with the J-PARC RFQs rfq, linac, vacuum, simulation 972
 
  • Y. Kondo, K. Hasegawa, T. Morishita
    JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan
  • H. Kawamata, F. Naito, T. Sugimura
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  
  In this paper, we will report recent topics about J-PARC RFQs. First, the operating RFQ (RFQ I) have been recovered from the long shutdown due to the earthquake. This RFQ have been suffered from breakdown problem since 2008, therefore we have been developing a back-up RFQ (RFQ II). In April 2012, the high power test was successfully performed. Finally, we are fabricating a new RFQ for the beam-current upgrade of the J-PARC linac (RFQ III). The status of these RFQs are described.  
 
THPB055 Numerical Simulations of ProjectX/PXIE RFQ rfq, linac, simulation, space-charge 975
 
  • J.-F. Ostiguy, A. Saini, N. Solyak
    Fermilab, Batavia, USA
  
  Funding: Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under DOE Contract No. De-AC02-07CH11359
Project-X is a proposed superconducting linac-based high intensity proton source at Fermilab. The machine first stages operate in CW mode from 2.1 to 3 GeV and a high bandwidth chopper is used to produce the required bunch patterns. A 162.5 MHz CW RFQ accelerates the beam from 30 keV to 2.1 MeV. A concern with CW operation is that losses either within the RFQ or in the dowstream modules should be well-understood and remain very low to ensure safe and/or reliable operation. In this contribution, we investigate the suitability of existing RFQ codes and model the PXIE RFQ (ProjectX test facility) designed constructed by LBNL to make useful predictions of loss patterns and phase space distribution. 		 
 
THPB061 Experimental and Simulation Study of the Long-path-length Dynamics of a Space-charge-dominated Bunch simulation, space-charge, electron, focusing 978
 
  • I. Haber, B.L. Beaudoin, S. Bernal, R.A. Kishek, T.W. Koeth, Y. Mo
    UMD, College Park, Maryland, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by the United States Department of Energy and the Office of Naval Research.
The University of Maryland Electron Ring (UMER) is a low-energy (10 keV) electron facility built to study, on a scaled machine, the long-propagation-length evolution of a space-charge-dominated beam. Though constructed in a ring geometry to achieve a long path length at modest cost, UMER has observed important space-charge physics directly relevant to linear machines. Examples will be presented that emphasize studies of the longitudinal dynamics and comparisons to axisymmetric simulations. The detailed agreement obtained between simulation and experiment will be presented as evidence that the longitudinal physics observed is not strongly influenced by the ring geometry. Novel phenomena such as soliton formation, unimpeded bunch-end interpenetration, and an instability that occurs after this interpenetration, will be discussed. 		 
 
THPB063 Simulated Performance of the CARIBU EBIS Charge Breeder Transport Line ion, simulation, diagnostics, electron 984
 
  • C. Dickerson, S.A. Kondrashev, B. Mustapha, P.N. Ostroumov
    ANL, Argonne, USA
  
  Funding: This work is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, under contract number DE-AC02-06CH11357.
An Electron Beam Ion Source (EBIS) has been designed and is being built to charge breed ions from the CAlifornium Rare Isotope Breeder Upgrade (CARIBU) for post acceleration in the Argonne Tandem Linear Accelerator System (ATLAS). The calculated transverse acceptance of the EBIS charge breeder can approach the emittance of the injected ion beam, so beam distortion during transport could lead to incomplete injection and a decrease in the overall system efficiency. The beam quality can be maintained for simulations of the transport line using the ideal ion beam parameters. This paper reports the results of the electrostatic and ion beam transport simulations used to minimize the ion beam distortions by optimizing component designs and configurations. 		 
 
THPB065 Status of the Beam Dynamics Code DYNAC dipole, rfq, quadrupole, simulation 990
 
  • E. Tanke, J.A. Rodriguez, W. Wittmer, X. Wu
    FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
  • S. Valero
    CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
  • D. Wang
    NSCL, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
  
  Funding: This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science under Cooperative Agreement DE-SC0000661
The beam dynamics code DYNAC* was originally developed at CERN. For accelerating elements a set of very accurate quasi-Liouvillian beam dynamics equations was introduced, applicable to protons, heavy ions and non-relativistic electrons. Furthermore, DYNAC contains three space charge routines, including a 3D version**. More recently, a numerical method has been added, capable of simulating a multi charge state ion beam in accelerating elements (i.e. cavities). Beam line devices such as sextupoles and quadrupole-sextupole magnets as well as electrostatic devices are now also included. Capability of second order calculations of such elements for a multi charge state beam has been implemented. Benchmarking of the code, in particular for a multi-charge state beam is discussed. Comparison of beam simulations results with beam measurements on the MSU ReAccelerator (ReA) are reported. The possibility of using DYNAC as an online tool for ReA and FRIB is discussed.
*DYNAC: A Multi-Particle Beam Dynamics Code for Leptons and Hadrons, E.Tanke et al,LINAC2002
**HERSC: A New 3 Dimensional Space Charge Routine for High Intensity Bunched Beams, E.Tanke et al,LINAC2002 		 
 
THPB066 Photoinjector SRF Cavity Development for BERLinPro cavity, cathode, gun, HOM 993
 
  • A. Neumann, W. Anders, T. Kamps, J. Knobloch
    HZB, Berlin, Germany
  • E.N. Zaplatin
    FZJ, Jülich, Germany
  
  In 2010 HZB has received approval to build BERLinPro, an ERL project to demonstrate energy recovery at 100 mA beam current by pertaining a high quality beam. These goals place stringent requirements on the SRF cavity for the photoinjector which has to deliver a small emittance 100 mA beam with at least 1.5 MeV kinetic energy while limited by fundamental power coupler performance to about 200 kW forward power. In oder to achieve these goals the injector cavity is being developed in a three stage approach. The current design studies focus on implementing a normal conducting cathode insert into a newly developed superconducting photoinjector cavity. In this paper the fundamental RF design calculations concerning cell shape for optimized beam dynamics as well as SRF performance will be presented. Further studies concentrate on the HZDR based choke cell design to implement the high quantum efficiency normal conducting cathode with the SRF cavity.  
 
THPB069 Beam Dynamics Studies for SRF Photoinjectors gun, cavity, SRF, booster 999
 
  • T. Kamps, A. Neumann, J. Völker
    HZB, Berlin, Germany
  
  The SRF photoinjector combines the advantages of photo-assisted production of high brightness, short electron pulses and high gradient, low-loss continuous wave (CW) operation of a superconducting radiofrequency (SRF) cavity. The paper discusses beam dynamics considerations for FEL and ERL class applications of SRF photoinjectors. One case of particular interest is the design of the SRF photoinjector for BERLinPro, an ERL test facility demanding a high brightness beam with an emittance better than 1 mm mrad at 77 pC and average current of 100 mA.  
 
THPB076 Design Issues of the Proton Source for the ESS Facility plasma, proton, ion, extraction 1008
 
  • L. Celona, L. Allegra, C. Caliri, G. Castro, G. Ciavola, R. Di Giugno, S. Gammino, D. Mascali, L. Neri
    INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
  
  The European Spallation Source facility will be one of the fundamental instruments for science and engineering of the future. A 2.5 GeV proton accelerator is to be built for the neutron production. INFN-LNS is involved in the Design Update for the proton source and Low Energy Beam Transport (LEBT) line. The proton source is required to produce a low emittance 90 mA beam, 2.86 ms pulsed with a repetition rate of 14 Hz. Microwave Discharge Ion Sources (MDIS) enable us to produce such high intensity proton beams characterized by very low emittance (< 0.2 π.mm.mrad). The source design is based on a flexible magnetic system which can be adapted to electrostatic Bernstein waves heating mechanism; this will permit a strong increase in the electron density with an expected boost of the output current. The main features of the source design, including the microwave injection system and beam extraction, will be described hereinafter.  
 
FR1A02 Light Ion ECR Sources State of the Art for Linacs ion, plasma, ion-source, extraction 1055
 
  • R. Gobin
    CEA/IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
  • N. Chauvin, O. Delferrière, O. Tuske, D. Uriot
    CEA/DSM/IRFU, France
  
  Since the middle of the 90’s development of high intensity light ion injectors are undertaken at CEA-Saclay. The first 100 mA proton beam has been produced by the SILHI ECR source in the framework of the IPHI project. Ever since, more than 100 mA of protons or deuteron beams, with high purities, have been regularly produced in pulsed or continuous mode, and with very good beam characteristics analyzed in dedicated beam diagnostics. CEA-Saclay is currently involved in several high intensity LINAC projects such as Spiral2, IFMIF-EVEDA and FAIR, and is in charge of their source and LEBT design and construction. This article reports the latest developments and experimental results carried out at CEA-Saclay for the 3 projects. In addition, a review of the developments and beam results performed in other laboratories worldwide will be also presented.  
slides icon Slides FR1A02 [4.743 MB]  
 
FR1A05 SARAF Phase II P/D 40 MeV Linac Design Studies rfq, linac, cryomodule, proton 1064
 
  • P.N. Ostroumov, Z.A. Conway, M.P. Kelly, A. Kolomiets, S.V. Kutsaev, B. Mustapha
    ANL, Argonne, USA
  • J. Rodnizki
    Soreq NRC, Yavne, Israel
  
  Funding: This work was supported by the ANL WFO No. 85Y47
The Soreq NRC initiated the establishment of SARAF – Soreq Applied Research Accelerator Facility. SARAF will be a multi-user facility for basic research, e.g., nuclear astrophysics, radioactive beams, medical and biological research; neutron based non-destructive testing (using a thermal neutron camera and a neutron diffractometer) and radio-pharmaceuticals research, development and production. The SARAF continuous wave (CW) accelerator is planned to produce variable energy (5-40 MeV) proton and deuteron beam currents (0.04-5 mA). Phase I of SARAF (ion source, radio-frequency quadrupole (RFQ), and one cryomodule housing 6 half-wave resonators (HWR) was installed and being operated at Soreq NRC delivering CW 1mA 3.5 MeV proton beams and low-duty cycle (0.0001) 0.3 mA 4.7 MeV deuteron beams. SARAF is designed to enable hands-on maintenance, which implies very low beam losses for the entire accelerator. The physics design of two options is explored to subsequently develop a conceptual design for selected option for extending the linac to its planned beam parameters (SARAF Phase-II: 40 MeV, 5 mA protons and deuterons). 		 
slides icon Slides FR1A05 [3.459 MB]