IPAC2017 - List of Keywords (insertion)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOPAB001	Status of the FCC-hh Collimation System	collimation, simulation, proton, collider	64
	J. Molson, A. Faus-Golfe LAL, Orsay, France R. Bruce, M. Fiascaris, A.M. Krainer, S. Redaelli CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Funding: Funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant No 654305. The future circular hadron collider (FCC-hh) will have an unprecedented proton beam energy of 50 TeV, and total stored beam energy of 8.4 GJ. We discuss current developments in the collimation system design, and methods with which the challenges faced due to the high energies involved can be mitigated. Finally simulation results of new collimation system designs are presented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2017-MOPAB001
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MOPAB003	Energy Deposition in the Betatron Collimation Insertion of the 100 TeV Future Circular Collider	dipole, proton, betatron, simulation	68
	M.I. Besana, C. Bahamonde Castro, A. Bertarelli, R. Bruce, F. Carra, F. Cerutti, A. Ferrari, M. Fiascaris, A. Lechner, A. Mereghetti, S. Redaelli, E. Skordis, V. Vlachoudis CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The FCC proton beam is designed to carry a total energy of about 8500 MJ, a factor of 20 above the LHC. In this context, the collimation system has to deal with extremely tight requirements to prevent quenches and material damage. A first layout of the betatron cleaning insertion was conceived, adapting the present LHC collimation system to the FCC lattice. A crucial ingredient to assess its performance, in particular to estimate the robustness of the protection devices and the load on the downstream elements, is represented by the simulation of the particle shower generated at the collimators, allowing detailed energy deposition estimations. This paper presents the first results of the simulation chain starting from the proton losses generated with the Sixtrack-FLUKA coupling, as currently done for the present LHC and for its upgrade. Expectations in terms of total power, peak power density and integrated dose on the different accelerator components are presented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2017-MOPAB003
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MOPAB133	Optimisation of Electrical and Instrumentation Design for the Diamond Light Source DDBA Upgrade	storage-ring, dipole, instrumentation, insertion-device	448
	A. Thomson, C.A. Abraham, M.T. Heron, S.C. Lay, G. Rehm, A.J. Rose, H.S. Shiers DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
	In planning the upgrade of one cell of the Diamond Storage Ring, the DDBA upgrade, it was evident that the electrical installation and commissioning would contribute a significant component of the overall installation time. Given the pressures to minimise the shutdown length, the electrical and instrumentation design was optimised for time effective installation and commissioning. This paper outlines the electrical and instrumentation design for DDBA; explores the installation time determining issues and how these were addressed; and reports on the lessons learnt from the actual installation and commissioning process.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2017-MOPAB133
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MOPVA026	Effects of Insertion Devices on Stored Electron Beam of High Energy Photon Source	undulator, photon, emittance, brilliance	911
	X.Y. Li, Z. Duan, D. Ji, Y. Jiao, Y.F. Yang IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	The High Energy Photon Source (HEPS) is a 4th generation, 6-Gev, ultralow-emittance, photon source project in China. High brightness hard X-ray beams at the energy particularly above 10kev are provided by insertion devices installed in straight sections of the storage ring. Brightness tuning curves of 14 ID beamlines planned in HEPS first stage are obtained after designing their parameters. However the presence of these insertion devices produce several effects on the beam performances including betatron tunes, betatron amplitude functions, closed orbit, emittance and dynamic aperture etc. It is found that the vertical octupole effect due to the fourteen IDs under the present schemes produce the most significant effect on the vertical dynamic aperture reduction. The ID field error effects on close orbit can be completely compensated by two correctors adjacent the ID at the both side. The horizontal emittance reduces to 36pm.rad due to the damping wiggler effect of IDs with field error after the orbit correction is also obtained.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2017-MOPVA026
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TUPAB115	Impact of Electron Beam Heating on Insertion Devices at Diamond Light Source	electron, wiggler, cryogenics, insertion-device	1588
	E.C.M. Rial, Z. Patel DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
	Electron beam heating is a widely observed phenomenon at synchrotron facilities around the world, and has a large impact particularly on cryogenic insertion devices, but also on room temperature devices. This paper seeks to outline electron beam heating measurements taken at Diamond Light Source (DLS) and produces an empirical heat load relationship that matches the form of heating through the anomalous skin effect, although gives an order of magnitude higher than that predicted by theory. Resistive wall heating should vary inversely with the gap of installed cryogenic and permanent magnet insertion devices. This is also examined in this paper and the results presented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2017-TUPAB115
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TUPAB116	Insertion Devices at Diamond Light Source: A Retrospective Plus Future Developments	wiggler, storage-ring, undulator, insertion-device	1592
	Z. Patel, A. George, S. Milward, E.C.M. Rial, A.J. Rose, R.P. Walker, J.H. Williams DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
	2017 marks the tenth year of Diamond operation, during which time all insertion device straights have been filled. Diamond Light Source is a third generation, 3 GeV facility that boasts 29 installed insertion devices. Most room temperature devices have been designed, manufactured and measured in-house, and progress has been made in structure design and control systems to ensure new devices continue to meet stringent requirements placed upon them. The ‘completion' of the storage ring is not, however, the end of activity for the ID group at Diamond, as beamlines map out potential upgrade paths to Cryogenic Permanent Magnet Undulators (CPMUs) and SuperConducting Undulators (SCUs). This paper traces the progress of ID design at Diamond, and maps out future projects such as the upgrade to CPMUs and the challenges of designing a fixed-gap mini-wiggler to replace a sextupole in the main storage ring lattice.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2017-TUPAB116
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TUPVA015	Radiation Levels at the LHC: 2012, 2015 and 2016 Proton Physics Operations in View of HL-LHC requirements	luminosity, radiation, operation, proton	2075
	C. Martinella, M. Brugger, S. Danzeca, R. Garcia Alia, Y. Kadi, O. Stein, C. Xu CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The variety of beam losses produced in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) creates a mixed and complex radiation field. During 2012, 2015 and 2016, Beam Loss Monitors and RadMons were used to monitor the inte-grated dose and the High Energy Hadrons fluence in order to anticipate the electronics degradation and inves-tigate the cause of failures. The annual radiation levels are compared; highlighting the mechanisms in the pro-duction of beam losses and the impact of the different squeeze and crossing angle. In addition, the increase of beam-gas interaction is discussed comparing operations at 25 ns and 50 ns bunch spacing. A strategy is presented to allow for a continuous respective evaluation during the upcoming LHC and future High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) operations.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2017-TUPVA015
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TUPVA021	Impact of Collision Debris in the HL-LHC ATLAS and CMS Insertions	luminosity, proton, optics, radiation	2093
	A. Tsinganis, F. Cerutti CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The High Luminosity upgrade of the LHC (HL-LHC) foresees the baseline operation of the accelerator at a 5 times higher peak luminosity (5.0x1034cm^-2s⁻¹). The impact of collision debris on the magnets and other equipment in the triplet region and matching section of the ATLAS and CMS insertions has been evaluated by means of detailed FLUKA models implementing the latest optics and layout version. Qualitative and quantitative differences between the vertical and horizontal beam crossing schemes are highlighted. With measures in place to mitigate the effects of the interruption of the beam screen in the triplet interconnections and the Q4 aperture reduction, peak dose values in the superconducting coils remain below 30MGy in the triplet-D1 and below 12MGy in the matching section magnets for an integrated luminosity of 3000fb-1. Peak power density values are lower than 3mW/cm³ and 1mW/cm³ in the triplet and matching section respectively. Total heat loads in magnets, collimators, masks and absorbers were also estimated, along with dose and particle fluence maps relevant for Radiation to Electronics (R2E) aspects. The effect of a displacement of the interaction point is also addressed.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2017-TUPVA021
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WEPAB036	The Diffraction Limited Light Source Elettra 2.0	emittance, dipole, insertion-device, lattice	2660
	E. Karantzoulis Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy
	Elettra 2.0 is the next generation to replace Elettra, the Italian third generation light source. The new machine will have an emittance of 0.25 nm-rad with coherent flux about two orders of magnitude higher than that of the present machine. In the paper the aspects of its feasibility are described and discussed.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2017-WEPAB036
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WEPAB043	DQBA Lattice Option for the KEK-LS Project	emittance, lattice, insertion-device, dynamic-aperture	2675
	K. Harada, N. Higashi, S. Nagahashi, N. Nakamura, S. Sakanaka, A. Ueda KEK, Ibaraki, Japan S.M. Liuzzo ESRF, Grenoble, France
	KEK-LS is a fourth generation 3GeV light source and will be constructed in KEK Tsukuba campus. The lattice is 20 cells of ESRF type HMBA (Hybrid Multi Bend Achromat) with short straight section that enables to double the numbers of insertion device beam lines. The circumference is about 570m, and the horizontal natural emittance about 133pmrad. The conceptual design report (CDR) was published in October 2016. Adding two quadrupole magnets to the short straight section of the original lattice in CDR, the lattice design flexibility, emittance and dynamic apertures are improved. In this presentation, we show this new DQBA (Double Quadrupole Bend Achromat) lattice option for KEK-LS project.
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WEPAB093	Mechanical Engineering of the Diamond DDBA Upgrade	insertion-device, storage-ring, vacuum, electron	2794
	N.P. Hammond, A.G. Day, R.K. Grant, R. Holdsworth, J. Kay DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
	The Diamond storage ring has been upgraded to replace one cell of Double Bend Achromat (DBA) with a Double Double Bend Achromat (DDBA). This upgrade has enabled the construction of a new straight to install a much brighter insertion device X-ray source for a new beamline rather than use a weaker bending magnet source. The engineering challenges and experience from this project are described, especially those aspects relevant to building a future low emittance storage ring at Diamond.
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WEPIK030	Experimental Validation of the Achromatic Telescopic Squeezing Scheme at the LHC	optics, collimation, injection, luminosity	2992
	S.D. Fartoukh, R. Bruce, F.S. Carlier, J.M. Coello de Portugal, A. Garcia-Tabares, E.H. Maclean, L. Malina, A. Mereghetti, D. Mirarchi, T. Persson, M. Pojer, L. Ponce, S. Redaelli, B. Salvachua, P.K. Skowroński, M. Solfaroli, R. Tomás, D. Valuch, A. Wegscheider, J. Wenninger CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The Achromatic Telescopic Squeezing (ATS) [1] scheme offers new techniques to deliver unprecedentedly small beam spot size at the interaction points of the ATLAS and CMS experiments of the LHC, while perfectly controlling the chromatic properties of the corresponding optics (linear and non-linear chromaticities, off-momentum beta-beating, spurious dispersion induced by the crossing bumps). The first series of beam tests with ATS optics were achieved during the LHC Run I (2011/2012) for a first validation of the basics of the scheme at small intensity. In 2016, a new generation of more performing ATS optics was developed and more extensively tested in the machine, still with probe beams for optics measurement and correction at β^=10 cm, but also with a few nominal bunches to establish first collisions at nominal β^ (40 cm) and beyond (33 cm), and to analysis the robustness of these optics in terms of collimation and machine protection. The paper will highlight the most relevant and conclusive results which were obtained during this second series of ATS tests. [1] S. Fartoukh , Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 16, 111002
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WEPIK099	Beam Lifetime Studies for SPS Storage Ring	storage-ring, insertion-device, operation, simulation	3178
	P. Sudmuang, N. Juntong, P. Klysubun, T. Pulampong, N. Suradet SLRI, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
	Limitation of beam lifetime was systematically investigated and studied for Siam Photon Source (SPS) storage ring. The objective was to identify the main cause of the observed reduction of beam lifetime. The simulations of momentum acceptance and Touschek lifetime were performed, incorporating non-linear effects generated by the installed high-field insertion devices. The Touschek lifetime was measured as a function of RF voltage and compared with the values obtained from simulation. The measurements were performed for a variety of different operation conditions of the insertion devices and different chromaticities.
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THPIK057	Development of a High-Power X-Band RF Rotary Joint	simulation, linac, network, scattering	4224
	J. Liu, H.B. Chen, J. Shi, X.W. Wu, H. Zha TUB, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	RF rotary joints allow the independent movement be-tween the RF power source and the accelerating tube of a linear accelerator (linac). In this paper, the design of a compact X-band (9.3 GHz) high-power RF rotary joint is presented. Simulation results illustrate that RF parameters (the scattering matrix) of this rotary joint keep stable in the arbitrary rotation angle. The maximum return loss is about -30 dB, the insert loss is less than 0.11 dB, and the variance of output phase shifts is below 1 degree while rotating the joint. RF measurement on the rotary joint using Vector-Network analyser is also conducted and presented in this paper.
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THPIK061	3D Model Analysis of Cavity for CSNS DTL	DTL, cavity, simulation, neutron	4236
	P.H. Qu, M.X. Fan, B. Li, Y. Wang CSNS, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China Q. Chen, K.Y. Gong, A.H. Li, H.C. Liu, F.X. Zhao IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	An Alvarez-type Drift tube linac (DTL) was utilized to accelerate an H⁻ ion beam from 3 MeV to 80 MeV of China Spallation neutron source (CSNS). RF field profile is always deviate from the design curve due to errors in fabrication and assembly of the structure cells, thus RF tuning of DTL is necessary. CSNS DTL operates in zero mode and has long tank, so accelerating field of which is unstable, this problem was solved through adding post couplers at the both side of cavity wall. In order to speed up the schedule of DTL low power RF tuning, we analyzed the operating mode, field flatness with slug tuners, field stabilization with post couplers by CST Micro wave studio (MWS) mainly with eigenmode solver in advance. Considering saving the computer memory and increasing the calculation speed, we divided each tank model into three short units. Slug tuner depth and PC-DT gap of DTL-1 and DTL-3 by simulation were shown which improved the efficiency of CSNS DTL RF tuning.
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THPIK088	A Compact 10 kW Solid-State RF Power Amplifier at 352 MHz	operation, impedance, network, linac	4292
	D.S. Dancila, A. Rydberg Uppsala University, Department of Engineering Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden A.E.T. Hjort, L. Hoang Duc, M.H. Holmberg, M. Jobs, R.J.M.Y. Ruber Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
	A compact 10 kW RF power amplifier at 352 MHz was developed at FREIA for the European Spallation Source, ESS. The specifications of ESS for the conception of amplifiers are related to its pulsed operation: 3.5 ms pulse length and a duty cycle of 5\%. The realized amplifier is composed of eight kilowatt level modules, combined using a planar Gysel 8-way combiner. The combiner has a low insertion loss of only 0.2 dB, measured at 10 kW peak power. Each module is built around a commercially available LDMOS transistor in a single-ended architecture. During the final measurements, a total output peak power of 10.5 kW was measured.
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THPIK101	Quarter Wavelength Combiner for an 8.5kW Solid-State Amplifier and Conceptual Study of Hybrid Combiners	operation, distributed, synchrotron, status	4324
	T.-C. Yu, F.Y. Chang, L.-H. Chang, M.H. Chang, L.J. Chen, F.-T. Chung, M.-C. Lin, Z.K. Liu, C.H. Lo, C.L. Tsai, Ch. Wang, M.-S. Yeh NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	Experimental results to combine ten 900 W solid-state amplifier modules based on typical quarter wavelength 10-way combiners are described for a total of 8.5 kW RF power output at 500 MHz. The power gain and phase distribution among the ten modules are measured and calculated to sense the combination efficiency. The combination efficiency of 100 modules differing in power gain and phase distribution is theoretically analysed. Groups of 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 units are used in 4, 3, 2, and 1-stage power combination for total 100 units and the characteristics are calculated and investigated, including bandwidth, efficiency and even redundancy under various output VSWR levels. To simplify combining complexity and to eliminate the drawbacks of single stage combiners, a multi-way 2-stage coaxial to waveguide combiner is thus proposed as an expandable power combiner.
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THPIK109	The RF Distribution System for the ESS	detector, cavity, linac, neutron	4352
	T.R. Edgecock, N. Turner University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom P. Aden, D. Naeem, R. Smith STFC/DL, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom A. Sunesson, R.A. Yogi ESS, Lund, Sweden
	The RF distribution system for the European Spallation Source will be one of the largest systems ever built. It will distribute the power from 146 power sources to the two types of ESS cavity at two different frequencies and will use one line per cavity for resilience. It will consist of a total of around 3.5 km of waveguide and coaxial line and over 1500 hundred bends. It is designed to transport this RF power over a distance of up to 40m per line, while minimising losses, avoiding reflections and allowing the monitoring of performance. This contribution will give an overview of the design of the system and its status. Installation is due to start in September 2017.
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THPVA028	Multi-Bunch Instabilities Measurement and Analysis at the Diamond Light Source	impedance, damping, vacuum, insertion-device	4485
	R. Bartolini, R.T. Fielder, E. Koukovini-Platia, G. Rehm DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
	The characterisation of the multi-bunch dynamics at the Diamond light source is performed with an advanced TMBF system that is capable of operating fast grow damp experiments thus allowing the exploration of many machine conditions. We report here the latest results of the measurement campaign, the implication on the machine impedance model and some of the intricacies of the analysis and interpretation of the experimental data.
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Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

MOPAB001

Status of the FCC-hh Collimation System

collimation, simulation, proton, collider

64

J. Molson, A. Faus-Golfe
LAL, Orsay, France
R. Bruce, M. Fiascaris, A.M. Krainer, S. Redaelli
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Funding: Funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant No 654305.
The future circular hadron collider (FCC-hh) will have an unprecedented proton beam energy of 50 TeV, and total stored beam energy of 8.4 GJ. We discuss current developments in the collimation system design, and methods with which the challenges faced due to the high energies involved can be mitigated. Finally simulation results of new collimation system designs are presented.

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MOPAB003

Energy Deposition in the Betatron Collimation Insertion of the 100 TeV Future Circular Collider

dipole, proton, betatron, simulation

68

M.I. Besana, C. Bahamonde Castro, A. Bertarelli, R. Bruce, F. Carra, F. Cerutti, A. Ferrari, M. Fiascaris, A. Lechner, A. Mereghetti, S. Redaelli, E. Skordis, V. Vlachoudis
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The FCC proton beam is designed to carry a total energy of about 8500 MJ, a factor of 20 above the LHC. In this context, the collimation system has to deal with extremely tight requirements to prevent quenches and material damage. A first layout of the betatron cleaning insertion was conceived, adapting the present LHC collimation system to the FCC lattice. A crucial ingredient to assess its performance, in particular to estimate the robustness of the protection devices and the load on the downstream elements, is represented by the simulation of the particle shower generated at the collimators, allowing detailed energy deposition estimations. This paper presents the first results of the simulation chain starting from the proton losses generated with the Sixtrack-FLUKA coupling, as currently done for the present LHC and for its upgrade. Expectations in terms of total power, peak power density and integrated dose on the different accelerator components are presented.

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MOPAB133

Optimisation of Electrical and Instrumentation Design for the Diamond Light Source DDBA Upgrade

storage-ring, dipole, instrumentation, insertion-device

448

A. Thomson, C.A. Abraham, M.T. Heron, S.C. Lay, G. Rehm, A.J. Rose, H.S. Shiers
DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom

In planning the upgrade of one cell of the Diamond Storage Ring, the DDBA upgrade, it was evident that the electrical installation and commissioning would contribute a significant component of the overall installation time. Given the pressures to minimise the shutdown length, the electrical and instrumentation design was optimised for time effective installation and commissioning. This paper outlines the electrical and instrumentation design for DDBA; explores the installation time determining issues and how these were addressed; and reports on the lessons learnt from the actual installation and commissioning process.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2017-MOPAB133

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MOPVA026

Effects of Insertion Devices on Stored Electron Beam of High Energy Photon Source

undulator, photon, emittance, brilliance

911

X.Y. Li, Z. Duan, D. Ji, Y. Jiao, Y.F. Yang
IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China

The High Energy Photon Source (HEPS) is a 4th generation, 6-Gev, ultralow-emittance, photon source project in China. High brightness hard X-ray beams at the energy particularly above 10kev are provided by insertion devices installed in straight sections of the storage ring. Brightness tuning curves of 14 ID beamlines planned in HEPS first stage are obtained after designing their parameters. However the presence of these insertion devices produce several effects on the beam performances including betatron tunes, betatron amplitude functions, closed orbit, emittance and dynamic aperture etc. It is found that the vertical octupole effect due to the fourteen IDs under the present schemes produce the most significant effect on the vertical dynamic aperture reduction. The ID field error effects on close orbit can be completely compensated by two correctors adjacent the ID at the both side. The horizontal emittance reduces to 36pm.rad due to the damping wiggler effect of IDs with field error after the orbit correction is also obtained.

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TUPAB115

Impact of Electron Beam Heating on Insertion Devices at Diamond Light Source

electron, wiggler, cryogenics, insertion-device

1588

E.C.M. Rial, Z. Patel
DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom

Electron beam heating is a widely observed phenomenon at synchrotron facilities around the world, and has a large impact particularly on cryogenic insertion devices, but also on room temperature devices. This paper seeks to outline electron beam heating measurements taken at Diamond Light Source (DLS) and produces an empirical heat load relationship that matches the form of heating through the anomalous skin effect, although gives an order of magnitude higher than that predicted by theory. Resistive wall heating should vary inversely with the gap of installed cryogenic and permanent magnet insertion devices. This is also examined in this paper and the results presented.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2017-TUPAB115

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TUPAB116

Insertion Devices at Diamond Light Source: A Retrospective Plus Future Developments

wiggler, storage-ring, undulator, insertion-device

1592

Z. Patel, A. George, S. Milward, E.C.M. Rial, A.J. Rose, R.P. Walker, J.H. Williams
DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom

2017 marks the tenth year of Diamond operation, during which time all insertion device straights have been filled. Diamond Light Source is a third generation, 3 GeV facility that boasts 29 installed insertion devices. Most room temperature devices have been designed, manufactured and measured in-house, and progress has been made in structure design and control systems to ensure new devices continue to meet stringent requirements placed upon them. The ‘completion' of the storage ring is not, however, the end of activity for the ID group at Diamond, as beamlines map out potential upgrade paths to Cryogenic Permanent Magnet Undulators (CPMUs) and SuperConducting Undulators (SCUs). This paper traces the progress of ID design at Diamond, and maps out future projects such as the upgrade to CPMUs and the challenges of designing a fixed-gap mini-wiggler to replace a sextupole in the main storage ring lattice.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2017-TUPAB116

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TUPVA015

Radiation Levels at the LHC: 2012, 2015 and 2016 Proton Physics Operations in View of HL-LHC requirements

luminosity, radiation, operation, proton

2075

C. Martinella, M. Brugger, S. Danzeca, R. Garcia Alia, Y. Kadi, O. Stein, C. Xu
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The variety of beam losses produced in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) creates a mixed and complex radiation field. During 2012, 2015 and 2016, Beam Loss Monitors and RadMons were used to monitor the inte-grated dose and the High Energy Hadrons fluence in order to anticipate the electronics degradation and inves-tigate the cause of failures. The annual radiation levels are compared; highlighting the mechanisms in the pro-duction of beam losses and the impact of the different squeeze and crossing angle. In addition, the increase of beam-gas interaction is discussed comparing operations at 25 ns and 50 ns bunch spacing. A strategy is presented to allow for a continuous respective evaluation during the upcoming LHC and future High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) operations.

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TUPVA021

Impact of Collision Debris in the HL-LHC ATLAS and CMS Insertions

luminosity, proton, optics, radiation

2093

A. Tsinganis, F. Cerutti
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The High Luminosity upgrade of the LHC (HL-LHC) foresees the baseline operation of the accelerator at a 5 times higher peak luminosity (5.0x1034cm^-2s⁻¹). The impact of collision debris on the magnets and other equipment in the triplet region and matching section of the ATLAS and CMS insertions has been evaluated by means of detailed FLUKA models implementing the latest optics and layout version. Qualitative and quantitative differences between the vertical and horizontal beam crossing schemes are highlighted. With measures in place to mitigate the effects of the interruption of the beam screen in the triplet interconnections and the Q4 aperture reduction, peak dose values in the superconducting coils remain below 30MGy in the triplet-D1 and below 12MGy in the matching section magnets for an integrated luminosity of 3000fb-1. Peak power density values are lower than 3mW/cm³ and 1mW/cm³ in the triplet and matching section respectively. Total heat loads in magnets, collimators, masks and absorbers were also estimated, along with dose and particle fluence maps relevant for Radiation to Electronics (R2E) aspects. The effect of a displacement of the interaction point is also addressed.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2017-TUPVA021

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WEPAB036

The Diffraction Limited Light Source Elettra 2.0

emittance, dipole, insertion-device, lattice

2660

E. Karantzoulis
Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy

Elettra 2.0 is the next generation to replace Elettra, the Italian third generation light source. The new machine will have an emittance of 0.25 nm-rad with coherent flux about two orders of magnitude higher than that of the present machine. In the paper the aspects of its feasibility are described and discussed.

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WEPAB043

DQBA Lattice Option for the KEK-LS Project

emittance, lattice, insertion-device, dynamic-aperture

2675

K. Harada, N. Higashi, S. Nagahashi, N. Nakamura, S. Sakanaka, A. Ueda
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
S.M. Liuzzo
ESRF, Grenoble, France

KEK-LS is a fourth generation 3GeV light source and will be constructed in KEK Tsukuba campus. The lattice is 20 cells of ESRF type HMBA (Hybrid Multi Bend Achromat) with short straight section that enables to double the numbers of insertion device beam lines. The circumference is about 570m, and the horizontal natural emittance about 133pmrad. The conceptual design report (CDR) was published in October 2016. Adding two quadrupole magnets to the short straight section of the original lattice in CDR, the lattice design flexibility, emittance and dynamic apertures are improved. In this presentation, we show this new DQBA (Double Quadrupole Bend Achromat) lattice option for KEK-LS project.

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WEPAB093

Mechanical Engineering of the Diamond DDBA Upgrade

insertion-device, storage-ring, vacuum, electron

2794

N.P. Hammond, A.G. Day, R.K. Grant, R. Holdsworth, J. Kay
DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom

The Diamond storage ring has been upgraded to replace one cell of Double Bend Achromat (DBA) with a Double Double Bend Achromat (DDBA). This upgrade has enabled the construction of a new straight to install a much brighter insertion device X-ray source for a new beamline rather than use a weaker bending magnet source. The engineering challenges and experience from this project are described, especially those aspects relevant to building a future low emittance storage ring at Diamond.

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WEPIK030

Experimental Validation of the Achromatic Telescopic Squeezing Scheme at the LHC

optics, collimation, injection, luminosity

2992

S.D. Fartoukh, R. Bruce, F.S. Carlier, J.M. Coello de Portugal, A. Garcia-Tabares, E.H. Maclean, L. Malina, A. Mereghetti, D. Mirarchi, T. Persson, M. Pojer, L. Ponce, S. Redaelli, B. Salvachua, P.K. Skowroński, M. Solfaroli, R. Tomás, D. Valuch, A. Wegscheider, J. Wenninger
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The Achromatic Telescopic Squeezing (ATS) [1] scheme offers new techniques to deliver unprecedentedly small beam spot size at the interaction points of the ATLAS and CMS experiments of the LHC, while perfectly controlling the chromatic properties of the corresponding optics (linear and non-linear chromaticities, off-momentum beta-beating, spurious dispersion induced by the crossing bumps). The first series of beam tests with ATS optics were achieved during the LHC Run I (2011/2012) for a first validation of the basics of the scheme at small intensity. In 2016, a new generation of more performing ATS optics was developed and more extensively tested in the machine, still with probe beams for optics measurement and correction at β^*=10 cm, but also with a few nominal bunches to establish first collisions at nominal β^* (40 cm) and beyond (33 cm), and to analysis the robustness of these optics in terms of collimation and machine protection. The paper will highlight the most relevant and conclusive results which were obtained during this second series of ATS tests.
[1] S. Fartoukh , Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 16, 111002

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WEPIK099

Beam Lifetime Studies for SPS Storage Ring

storage-ring, insertion-device, operation, simulation

3178

P. Sudmuang, N. Juntong, P. Klysubun, T. Pulampong, N. Suradet
SLRI, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand

Limitation of beam lifetime was systematically investigated and studied for Siam Photon Source (SPS) storage ring. The objective was to identify the main cause of the observed reduction of beam lifetime. The simulations of momentum acceptance and Touschek lifetime were performed, incorporating non-linear effects generated by the installed high-field insertion devices. The Touschek lifetime was measured as a function of RF voltage and compared with the values obtained from simulation. The measurements were performed for a variety of different operation conditions of the insertion devices and different chromaticities.

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THPIK057

Development of a High-Power X-Band RF Rotary Joint

simulation, linac, network, scattering

4224

J. Liu, H.B. Chen, J. Shi, X.W. Wu, H. Zha
TUB, Beijing, People's Republic of China

RF rotary joints allow the independent movement be-tween the RF power source and the accelerating tube of a linear accelerator (linac). In this paper, the design of a compact X-band (9.3 GHz) high-power RF rotary joint is presented. Simulation results illustrate that RF parameters (the scattering matrix) of this rotary joint keep stable in the arbitrary rotation angle. The maximum return loss is about -30 dB, the insert loss is less than 0.11 dB, and the variance of output phase shifts is below 1 degree while rotating the joint. RF measurement on the rotary joint using Vector-Network analyser is also conducted and presented in this paper.

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THPIK061

3D Model Analysis of Cavity for CSNS DTL

DTL, cavity, simulation, neutron

4236

P.H. Qu, M.X. Fan, B. Li, Y. Wang
CSNS, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
Q. Chen, K.Y. Gong, A.H. Li, H.C. Liu, F.X. Zhao
IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China

An Alvarez-type Drift tube linac (DTL) was utilized to accelerate an H⁻ ion beam from 3 MeV to 80 MeV of China Spallation neutron source (CSNS). RF field profile is always deviate from the design curve due to errors in fabrication and assembly of the structure cells, thus RF tuning of DTL is necessary. CSNS DTL operates in zero mode and has long tank, so accelerating field of which is unstable, this problem was solved through adding post couplers at the both side of cavity wall. In order to speed up the schedule of DTL low power RF tuning, we analyzed the operating mode, field flatness with slug tuners, field stabilization with post couplers by CST Micro wave studio (MWS) mainly with eigenmode solver in advance. Considering saving the computer memory and increasing the calculation speed, we divided each tank model into three short units. Slug tuner depth and PC-DT gap of DTL-1 and DTL-3 by simulation were shown which improved the efficiency of CSNS DTL RF tuning.

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THPIK088

A Compact 10 kW Solid-State RF Power Amplifier at 352 MHz

operation, impedance, network, linac

4292

D.S. Dancila, A. Rydberg
Uppsala University, Department of Engineering Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
A.E.T. Hjort, L. Hoang Duc, M.H. Holmberg, M. Jobs, R.J.M.Y. Ruber
Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

A compact 10 kW RF power amplifier at 352 MHz was developed at FREIA for the European Spallation Source, ESS. The specifications of ESS for the conception of amplifiers are related to its pulsed operation: 3.5 ms pulse length and a duty cycle of 5\%. The realized amplifier is composed of eight kilowatt level modules, combined using a planar Gysel 8-way combiner. The combiner has a low insertion loss of only 0.2 dB, measured at 10 kW peak power. Each module is built around a commercially available LDMOS transistor in a single-ended architecture. During the final measurements, a total output peak power of 10.5 kW was measured.

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THPIK101

Quarter Wavelength Combiner for an 8.5kW Solid-State Amplifier and Conceptual Study of Hybrid Combiners

operation, distributed, synchrotron, status

4324

T.-C. Yu, F.Y. Chang, L.-H. Chang, M.H. Chang, L.J. Chen, F.-T. Chung, M.-C. Lin, Z.K. Liu, C.H. Lo, C.L. Tsai, Ch. Wang, M.-S. Yeh
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan

Experimental results to combine ten 900 W solid-state amplifier modules based on typical quarter wavelength 10-way combiners are described for a total of 8.5 kW RF power output at 500 MHz. The power gain and phase distribution among the ten modules are measured and calculated to sense the combination efficiency. The combination efficiency of 100 modules differing in power gain and phase distribution is theoretically analysed. Groups of 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 units are used in 4, 3, 2, and 1-stage power combination for total 100 units and the characteristics are calculated and investigated, including bandwidth, efficiency and even redundancy under various output VSWR levels. To simplify combining complexity and to eliminate the drawbacks of single stage combiners, a multi-way 2-stage coaxial to waveguide combiner is thus proposed as an expandable power combiner.

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THPIK109

The RF Distribution System for the ESS

detector, cavity, linac, neutron

4352

T.R. Edgecock, N. Turner
University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom
P. Aden, D. Naeem, R. Smith
STFC/DL, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
A. Sunesson, R.A. Yogi
ESS, Lund, Sweden

The RF distribution system for the European Spallation Source will be one of the largest systems ever built. It will distribute the power from 146 power sources to the two types of ESS cavity at two different frequencies and will use one line per cavity for resilience. It will consist of a total of around 3.5 km of waveguide and coaxial line and over 1500 hundred bends. It is designed to transport this RF power over a distance of up to 40m per line, while minimising losses, avoiding reflections and allowing the monitoring of performance. This contribution will give an overview of the design of the system and its status. Installation is due to start in September 2017.

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THPVA028

Multi-Bunch Instabilities Measurement and Analysis at the Diamond Light Source

impedance, damping, vacuum, insertion-device

4485

R. Bartolini, R.T. Fielder, E. Koukovini-Platia, G. Rehm
DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom

The characterisation of the multi-bunch dynamics at the Diamond light source is performed with an advanced TMBF system that is capable of operating fast grow damp experiments thus allowing the exploration of many machine conditions. We report here the latest results of the measurement campaign, the implication on the machine impedance model and some of the intricacies of the analysis and interpretation of the experimental data.

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