Cyclotrons2019 - List of Keywords (experiment)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOA01	Recent Experimental Results of the Accelerator Driven System with a Sub-Critical Nuclear Reactor (ADS) Program	proton, FFAG, neutron, target	1
	Y. Ishi, Y. Fuwa, Y. Kuriyama, Y. Mori, H. Okita, K. Suga, T. Uesugi Kyoto University, Research Reactor Institute, Osaka, Japan Y. Fuwa JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan
	A series of study on the accelerator driven system (ADS) has been carried out since 2009 at KURNS. In these studies, Kyoto University Critical Assembly (KUCA) has been used as sub-critical system connected with the proton beam line from FFAG accelerator facility. A profile of accelerator facility and experimental results, including the first evidence of the transmutation of minor actinides at ADS, will be presented. stands for Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University.
	Slides MOA01 [18.120 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOA01
About •	paper received ※ 15 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 24 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020
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MOA02	Operation Status and Upgrading of Cyclotron in Lanzhou	linac, operation, heavy-ion, injection	5
	W.Q. Yang, L.J. Mao, L.T. Sun, J.W. Xia, J.C. Yang IMP/CAS, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
	IMP operates the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lan-zhou (HIRFL), which consists of the Sector Focusing Cyclotron, the Separated Sector Cyclotron, the Cooler Storage Ring, and a number of experimental terminals. The HIRFL is mainly used in fundamental research of nuclear physics, atomic physics, irradiation material and biology, and accelerator technology. This paper mainly introduces the operation status and upgrading of HIRFL. So far, HIRFL achieves all-ion acceleration from proton to uranium. In addition, in order to improve the efficiency of HIRFL, we will build two new Linac injectors for SSC and CSR, respectively.
	Slides MOA02 [14.507 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOA02
About •	paper received ※ 14 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 24 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020
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MOA03	Status Report on GANIL and Upgrade of SPIRAL1	cyclotron, target, ion-source, ECR	9
	O. Kamalou, P. Delahaye, M. Dubois, A. Savalle GANIL, Caen, France
	The GANIL facility (Grand Accélérateur National d’Ions Lourds) at Caen is dedicated for acceleration of heavy ion beams for nuclear physics, atomic physics, and radiobiology and material irradiation. Nowadays, an intense exotic beam is produced by the Isotope Separation On-Line method at the SPIRAL1 facility since 2001. New demands from the physics community motivated the upgrade of this facility in order to extend the range of post-accelerated radioactive ions. A 2 MEuro project allowed the profound modification of the facility and the commissioning was achieved in 2017. The status of this facility and the last results will be presented. The review of the cyclotron operation from 2001 to 2019 will be presented as well.
	Slides MOA03 [8.175 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOA03
About •	paper received ※ 10 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 24 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020
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MOP002	Recent Progress on Ion Source of SC200 Cyclotron	ion-source, cyclotron, proton, extraction	24
	Y. Zhao, G. Chen ASIPP, Hefei, People’s Republic of China L. Calabretta INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy O. Karamyshev JINR/DLNP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia G.A. Karamysheva, G. Shirkov JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia S.W. Xu USTC, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
	Funding: National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant No. 11775258 & 11575237 and International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Project of Anhui (grant No. 1704e1002207). A 200MeV compact superconducting cyclotron, named SC200, for proton therapy is under development by collaboration of ASIPP (Hefei, China) and JINR (Dubna, Russia). The ion source is a significant subsystem of the cyclotron. A hot cathode internal ion source has been designed and tested for SC200 cyclotron. The ion source has been successfully arc discharged on the test bench. The extracted beam current has been measured over 100 uA and filament lifetime of ion source exceeded 100 h, which indicated that the ion source meets the design requirements. The stability of the filament under strong magnetic field has also been tested and the differences between the two kinds of filament are compared.
	Poster MOP002 [0.519 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOP002
About •	paper received ※ 09 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 24 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020
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MOP016	Vertical Focussing with a Field Gradient Spiral Inflector	cyclotron, quadrupole, emittance, optics	58
	A.H. Barnard, J.I. Broodryk, J.L. Conradie, J.G. De Villiers, J. Mira, F. Nemulodi, R.W. Thomae iThemba LABS, Somerset West, South Africa
	Traditional spiral inflectors suffer from vertical defocussing, leading to beam loss. In this study the electrode shape of an inflector is modified to intentionally produce transverse electric field gradients, which have a significant influence on the optics. This is done by placing the traditionally parallel electrodes at an angle relative to each other in the transverse plane, creating a quadrupole field on the central path. Varying the electrode angle along the path length creates an alternating-gradient effect. The electrode entrance and exit faces are also shaped to create quadrupoles inside the fringe field. By numerical optimisation a design with good vertical focussing is obtained. Experiments show a roughly 100% increase in transmission in cases where the buncher is turned off. However, high losses at extraction are observed with the buncher turned on, due to RF-phase spread introduced by longitudinal defocussing in the inflector. This results in an improvement of only 20% during normal cyclotron operation, and shows that an inflector should ideally focus vertically and longitudinally at the same time. Ongoing work to achieve such combined focussing is described.
	Poster MOP016 [1.410 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOP016
About •	paper received ※ 13 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 24 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020
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MOP017	Research on Metallic Ion Beam Production With Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Sources	ECR, ion-source, plasma, cyclotron	62
	S.L. Bogomolov, A.A. Efremov, K.I. Kuzmenkov, D.K. Pugachev, Yu. Yazvitsky JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia J.L. Conradie, D.T. Fourie, N.Y. Kheswa, J. Mira, F. Nemulodi, R.W. Thomae iThemba LABS, Somerset West, South Africa
	Many experiments in nuclear physics request the production of metallic ion beams. All elements from lithium up to uranium are of interest and most of them are required as a specific isotope which demands commonly enriched materials. Depending on the material properties beams of rare isotopes can be produced from solid materials or solid compounds. In this report the results of experiments carried out under a collaboration of JINR and iThemba LABS on the production of metallic ions from Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Sources (ECRIS) using resistive oven evaporation, Metal Ions from VOlatile Compounds (MIVOC) method and sputtering technique will be presented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOP017
About •	paper received ※ 11 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020
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MOP019	The Results of Magnetic Field Formation and Commissioning of Heavy-Ion Isochronous Cyclotron DC280	cyclotron, operation, ECR, MMI	70
	I.A. Ivanenko, G.G. Gulbekyan, G.N. Ivanov, I.V. Kalagin, V.A. Semin JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
	The DC280 cyclotron is the new accelerator of FLNR Super Heavy Elements Factory. It was commissioned in the beginning of 2019. DC280 is intended for production of high intensity, up to 10 pmkA, beams of heavy ions with mass to charge ratio A/Z= 4 - 7. The wide range of accelerated ions from helium to uranium and smooth variation of extracted beam energy in the range W= 4 - 8 MeV/n are provided by varying of level of main magnetic field from 0.64 T till 1.32 T. The DC280 magnetic field was formed in a good conformity with results of computer modeling. In spite of commissioning of cyclotron still is in progress, the first experiments gave the intensity 1.35 pmkA of 84Kr¹⁴⁺ and 10 pmkA of 12C²⁺. At the present work the results of calculations, magnetic field measurements and first experiments are presented.
	Poster MOP019 [1.368 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOP019
About •	paper received ※ 12 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 26 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020
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MOP021	Simulation of Beam Extraction from TR24 Cyclotron at IPHC	extraction, cyclotron, emittance, betatron	76
	N.Yu. Kazarinov, I.A. Ivanenko JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia T. Adam, F.R. Osswald, E.K. Traykov IPHC, Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
	The CYRCé (CYclotron pour la ReCherche et Enseignement) TR24 cyclotron is used at IPHC (Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien) for the production of radio-isotopes for diagnostics, medical treatments and fundamental research in radiobiology. The TR24 cyclotron produced and commercialized by ACSI delivers a 16-25 MeV proton beam with intensity from few nA up to 500 µA. The TR24 is a compact isochronous cyclotron with normal-conducting magnet and stripper foil for the beam extraction. The calculation model for OPERA 3D program code is described. The magnetic field map in the working region of the cyclotron is generated. The beam characteristics outside the cyclotron, that will serve as initial conditions for the design of future beam lines are determined.
	Poster MOP021 [15.509 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOP021
About •	paper received ※ 29 August 2019 paper accepted ※ 24 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020
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MOP034	Beam Stripping Interactions Implemented in Cyclotrons with OPAL Simulation Code	cyclotron, electron, vacuum, simulation	109
	P. Calvo, C. Oliver CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain A. Adelmann, M. Frey, A. Gsell, J. Snuverink PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
	Beam transmission optimization and losses characterization, where beam stripping interactions are a key issue, play an important role in the design and operation of compact cyclotrons. A beam stripping model has been implemented in the three-dimensional object-oriented parallel code OPAL-cycl, a flavor of the OPAL framework. The model includes Monte Carlo methods for interaction with residual gas and dissociation by electromagnetic stripping. The model has been verified with theoretical models and it has been applied to the AMIT cyclotron according to design conditions.
	Poster MOP034 [0.880 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOP034
About •	paper received ※ 12 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 26 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020
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TUA04	Characterization of Neutron Leakage Field Coming from 18O(p, n)18F Reaction in PET Production Cyclotron	neutron, proton, detector, cyclotron	136
	M. Schulc, M. Antos, F. Brijar, M. Cuhra, T. Czakoj, M. Košťál, E. Losa, V. Rypar, J. Simon, S. Vadjak Nuclear Research Institute Řež plc, Řež, Czech Republic F. Cvachovec University of Defence, Brno, Czech Republic Z. Matej, F. Mravec Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
	This paper shows a new method for characterization of the secondary neutron field quantities, specifically neutron spectrum leaking from 18O enriched H₂O XL cylindrical target in IBA Cyclone 18/9 in the energy range of 1-15 MeV. Spectrum is measured by stilbene scintillation detector in different places. The neutron spectra are evaluated from the measured proton recoil spectra using deconvolution through maximum likelihood estimation. A leakage neutron field is an interesting option for irradiation experiments due to quite high flux, but also to the validation of high energy threshold reactions due to relatively high average energy. Measured neutron spectra are compared with calculations in MCNP6 model using TENDL-2017, FENDL-3, and default MCNP6 model calculations. TENDL-2017 and FENDL-3 libraries results differ significantly in the shape of the neutron spectrum for energies above 10 MeV while MCNP6 gives incorrect angular distributions. Activation measurements of different neutron induced reactions support characterization. The 18F production yield is in a good agreement with TENDL-2017 proton library calculation within respective uncertainties.
	Slides TUA04 [2.286 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-TUA04
About •	paper received ※ 05 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020
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TUP005	Three Years Operation of CYCIAE-100	neutron, proton, target, radiation	156
	T. Ge, L.C. Cao, Z.H. Fu, S.G. Hou, B. Ji, H. Jiang, S.Q. Li, Y.Q. Li, Z.W. Liu, Y.L. Lv, G.F. Pan, L. Wang, L.P. Wen, Z.G. Yin, T.J. Zhang CIAE, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
	The 100 MeV high intensity proton cyclotron (CYCIAE-100) developed by China Institute of Atomic Energy is a multi-purpose variable energy AVF cyclotron. Its design specifications are: energy from 75 to 100 MeV continuously adjustable, beam intensity 200uA, beam current can be extracted in both directions. CYCIAE-100 was commissioned to extract 100 MeV proton beam for the first time in July 2014. The first physics experiment was carried out in November 2016. By June 2019, the design specifications of CYCIAE-100 was commissioned and the maximum beam power was 52 kW. The beam intensity range from 1 pA to 520 µA is achieved, and the beam stability is about 1% for 8 hours. Several typical physics experiments have been carried out. Such as: The physics experiment of CYCIAE-100 driving ISOL device to generate radioactive nuclear beam, SiC and SRAM proton irradiation experiments, calibration experiment of high-energy proton electron total dose detector probe, etc. At present, the beam time for CYCIAE-100 is about 5,000 hours, providing effective beam time for more than 3,000 hours for many users at home and abroad, and the other beam time for beam development.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-TUP005
About •	paper received ※ 15 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 26 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020
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TUP006	The Injection and Chopper-Based System at Arronax C70XP Cyclotron	injection, cyclotron, solenoid, simulation	159
	F. Poirier, F. Bulteau-harel, T. Durand, X. Goiziou, C. Koumeir, A. Sengar, H. Trichet Cyclotron ARRONAX, Saint-Herblain, France G. Blain, M. Fattahi, F. Haddad, J. Vandenborre SUBATECH, Nantes, France S. Chiavassa, G. Delpon ICO, Saint - Herblain, France F. Poirier CNRS - DR17, RENNES, France
	Funding: This work has been, in part, supported by grants from the French National Agency for Research, Arronax-Plus n°ANR-11-EQPX-0004, IRON n°ANR-11-LABX-18-01 and Next n°ANR-16-IDEX-0007. The multi-particle cyclotron of the Arronax Public Interest Group (GIP) is used to perform irradiation up to hundreds of µA on various experiments and targets. To support low and high average intensity usage and adapt the beam time structure required for high peak intensity operation and experiments such as pulsed experiments studies, it has been devised a pulsing system in the injection of the cyclotron. This system combines the use of a chopper, low frequency switch, and a control system based on the new extended EPICS network. This paper details the pulsing system adopted at Arronax, updates and results for various intensity experimental studies performed with alpha and proton beams. Updated work on the simulation of the injection is also shown, specifically towards high intensity future irradiation.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-TUP006
About •	paper received ※ 15 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020
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TUP012	Upgrade of the iThemba LABS Neutron Beam Vault to a Metrology Facility	neutron, target, proton, radiation	181
	N.B. Ndlovu, P.P. Maleka, F.D. Smit iThemba LABS, Somerset West, South Africa A. Boso NPL, Middlesex, United Kingdom A. Buffler, D. Geduld, T. Hutton, T. Leadbeater UCT Physics, Cape Town, South Africa V. Lacoste IRSN, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France
	Quasi-monoenergetic neutron beams are typically produced at the iThemba LABS fast neutron beam facility by the 7Li(p, xn) or 9Be(p, xn) reactions. With the proton beams available from the separated sector cyclotron, the neutron energy range from about 30 MeV to 200 MeV can be covered almost continuously. The facility first became operational in the late 1980s. The fast neutron beam facility at iThemba LABS has been designated by the National Metrology Institute of South Africa (NMISA) as an entity responsible for providing traceability for the medium and high-energy neutron measurements in South Africa. As a result, the facility is undergoing a major upgrade and development in order for it to meet the requirements for a medium and high-energy neutron metrology facility. As part of the ongoing upgrade, Monte Carlo (MC) simulations aimed at benchmarking the experimental data are ongoing.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-TUP012
About •	paper received ※ 14 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020
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TUP016	New Centering Beam Monitor for High Power Proton Beam Rotating Target	target, proton, operation, cyclotron	189
	P.-A. Duperrex, P. Baumann, S. Joray, D.C. Kiselev, D. Laube, D. Reggiani PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
	The high intensity proton accelerator (HIPA) at the Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI) delivers 590 MeV c.w. proton beam with currents of up to 2.4 mA, i.e. 1.4 MW beam power, For experiments of nuclear and material research the beam is directed to the 4 or 6 cm graphite 1 Hz rotating target (Target E). Centring the beam on the target is an important task for the operation and has safety issues in case of beam misalignment. Transmission monitoring has been the standard method to optimize the beam position on the target, though not very sensitive. A new method is currently being tested that provides a more sensitive off-axis detection. It is based on the detection of beam inten-sity modulation from the milled grooves at the target edge. This paper presents the concept and preliminary experimental results that can be obtained with this method.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-TUP016
About •	paper received ※ 15 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 26 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020
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TUP019	Recent Extensions of JULIC for HBS Investigations	neutron, cyclotron, target, proton	195
	O. Felden, N. Demary, N.-O. Fröhlich, R. Gebel, Y. Valdau FZJ, Jülich, Germany M. Rimmler JCNS, Jülich, Germany
	At the Forschungszentrum Jülich (FZJ) the energy variable cyclotron JULIC is used as injector of the Cooler Synchrotron (COSY) and for low to medium current irradiations of different types. Recently a new target station was set up and is mainly used for tests of new target materials, neutron target development and neutron yield investigations with high power proton or deuteron beam in perspective of a high brilliance accelerator based neutron source (HBS) with the Jülich Center for Neutron Science. The neutrons are produced exposing material targets or compounds to proton or deuterium particles of relative low final particle energy in the MeV range and will be optimized for neutron scattering to be realized at reasonable costs. Beside this, ToF-experiments are performed to investigate and optimize the pulsing structure for HBS. The target station is installed inside an experimental area offering space for complex detector and component setups for nuclear and neutron related experiments. But it is used for other purposes like electronic or detector tests and irradiation as well. This report briefly summarizes the history of JULIC and the activities for its future perspectives.
	Poster TUP019 [1.562 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-TUP019
About •	paper received ※ 15 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020
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TUP020	Beam Properties at the Experimental Target Station of the Proton Therapy in Berlin	proton, radiation, scattering, HOM	199
	J. Bundesmann, A. Denker, J. Holz auf der Heide HZB, Berlin, Germany
	Beside the Therapy station for ocular tumors we have an experimental area to deliver protons and other ions. At this place there is also the possibility to do High Energy Pixe measurements on samples from cultural heritage. The positioning of the samples under test is possible by means of an xy-table with an range of 500x500 mm² and a load of at least 50 kg, reproducibility ±0.1 mm. We can change the beam size between 1 mm diameter as focused beam and up to 50 mm diameter with different scattering foils and homogeneous dose spread. We can deliver beam intensities from single protons up to 10¹² protons/cm² * sec The energy can be set to 68 MeV with a single Bragg peak, spread out Bragg peaks with a mechanical range shifter or absorber plates to reduce the energy. The timing properties range from quasi DC to a single pulse width of 1 ns with a repetition rate up to 2.4 MHz. Instead of a scattering foil to increase the beam spots we also can use beam scanning with the focused beam to reduce the beam losses. We will show the different beam properties at the experimental target area for radiation hardness testing of solar cells, optical elements and electronics under test.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-TUP020
About •	paper received ※ 14 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020
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TUP021	Towards FLASH Proton Irradiation at HZB	radiation, proton, target, cyclotron	202
	G. Kourkafas, J. Bundesmann, A. Denker, T. Fanselow, J. Röhrich HZB, Berlin, Germany V.H. Ehrhardt, J. Gollrad, J. Heufelder, A. Weber Charite, Berlin, Germany
	The HZB cyclotron has been providing protons for eye-tumor treatment for more than 20 years. While it has been very successful using conventional dose rates (15-20 Gy/min), recent studies indicate that rapid irradiation with very high dose rates (FLASH) might be equally efficient against tumors but less harmful to healthy tissues. The flexible operation schemes of the HZB cyclotron can provide beams with variable intensities and time structures, covering a wide unexplored regime within the FLASH requirements (>40 Gy/s in <500 ms). This paper presents the results of the first FLASH beam production at HZB towards the establishment of an in-vivo clinical irradiation in the future.
	Poster TUP021 [1.031 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-TUP021
About •	paper received ※ 12 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020
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TUP034	Study of MERIT Ring for Intense Secondary Particle Production	target, acceleration, proton, betatron	237
	H. Okita, Y. Ishi, Y. Kuriyama, Y. Mori, T. Uesugi Kyoto University, Research Reactor Institute, Osaka, Japan
	Funding: This work is partially supported by ImPACT Program of Council for Science, Technology and Innovation (Cabinet Office, Government of Japan). An intense negative muon source MERIT (Multiplex Energy Recovery Internal Target) for the nuclear transformation to mitigate the long-lived fission products from nuclear plants have been proposed. For the purpose of proof-of principle of the MERIT scheme, a FFA (Fixed Field Alternating focusing) ring has been developed and beam experiments have been carried out. In this conference, the results of this study will be reported.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-TUP034
About •	paper received ※ 15 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020
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TUC02	Status of the HZB Cyclotron	radiation, proton, cyclotron, controls	253
	A. Denker, J. Bundesmann, T. Damerow, T. Fanselow, D. Hildebrand, U. Hiller, I. Kailouh, G. Kourkafas, S. Ozierenski, C. Rethfeldt, J. Röhrich, S. Seidel, C. Zimmer HZB, Berlin, Germany D. Cordini, J. Heufelder, R. Stark, A. Weber Charite, Berlin, Germany
	For more than 20 years eye tumours are treated in collaboration with the Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin. The close co-operation between Charité and HZB permits joint interdisciplinary research. Irradiations with either a sharp, well focused or a broad beam, either in vacuum or in air are possible. In addition, a 60Co-source for gamma-irradiations is available. Experiments now comprise dosimetry, detector comparisons, ambulant mouse irradiations, including class I gene-modified mice. Furthermore, radiation hardness tests on detectors, CCD-cameras and other electronics are performed. In order to improve the beam diagnosis between the 2 MV injector Tandetron and the cyclotron a harp has been installed, leading to new beam line calculations for the injection line. The accelerator operation for therapy as well as on-going experiments and results will be presented.
	Slides TUC02 [1.965 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-TUC02
About •	paper received ※ 14 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020
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TUC03	AGOR Status Report	radiation, cyclotron, operation, controls	256
	B.N. Jones, S. Brandenburg, M.-J. van Goethem KVI-CART, Groningen, The Netherlands
	Funding: Work supported by EU Horizon 2020 (contract nrs. 654002; 730983) and the Dutch Cancer Foundation KWF project 11766) TThe operations of the superconducting cyclotron AG-OR over the past years will be reviewed. Reliability issues encountered after nearly 25 years of operation and mitigation measures to warrant reliable operation for the coming decade will be discussed. The research performed with AGOR has significantly shifted from fundamental physics to radiation biology and medical radiation physics, both in collaboration with the Groningen Proton Therapy Center, and radiation hardness studies. The radiation biology research will be substantially expanded in the coming years with a new beam line for image guided preclinical research. For this research new dose delivery modalities including scanning, spatial fractionation and very high dose rates are developed. In addition a new program has been started on the production of exotic nuclei, for which a new superconducting solenoid fragment separator will be developed. For the radiation hardness testing a cocktail beam at 30 MeV/amu with several ion species up to Xe has been developed and is now routinely delivered for experiments. A cocktail at 15 MeV/amu up to Bi is under development.
	Slides TUC03 [4.632 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-TUC03
About •	paper received ※ 14 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 26 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020
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THB01	Review of High Power Cyclotrons and Their Applications	cyclotron, cavity, proton, acceleration	289
	L. Calabretta, D. Rifuggiato INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy M. Maggiore INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy
	An incomplete review of existing machines and of present new projects of high power cyclotrons is here presented. Both high energy and low/medium energy cyclotrons will be described. Specific requests for different fields of applications are also discussed.
	Slides THB01 [11.837 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-THB01
About •	paper received ※ 15 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020
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THC01	SHE Factory: Cyclotron Facility for Super Heavy Elements Research	cyclotron, factory, ECR, acceleration	305
	I.V. Kalagin, S.L. Bogomolov, S.N. Dmitriev, B. Gikal, G.G. Gulbekyan, I.A. Ivanenko, G.N. Ivanov, N.Yu. Kazarinov, M.V. Khabarov, Y.T. Oganessian, N.F. Osipov, S.V. Pashchenko, V.A. Semin JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia V.K. Utyonkov, A.V. Yeremin JINR/FLNR, Moscow region, Russia
	The synthesis of heavy and the heaviest elements and the study of their nuclear and chemical properties are of highest priority in the basic research programme of the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions. The synthesis of super heavy elements (SHE) with atomic numbers 113-118 has been achieved in the 48Ca-induced reactions. The International Unions of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) and Chemistry (IUPAC) recognized the priority of Dubna in the discovery of elements 114-118. The seventh period of the Periodic Table has been completed. In accordance with the development program, the first in the world SHE Factory was built at the Laboratory on the basis of the new DC280 cyclotron which was commissioned in 2019. DC-280 has to provide intensities up to 10 pmkA for ions with atomic masses over 50. The main task of the Factory is the synthesis of new chemical elements with atomic numbers 119 and higher, as well as a detailed study of the nuclear and chemical properties of previously discovered superheavy elements. The Factory are being equipped with target materials, new separators and detectors for the study of the nuclear, atomic and chemical properties of the new elements.
	Slides THC01 [15.662 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-THC01
About •	paper received ※ 11 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020
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THC04	3D Printing for High Vacuum Applications	vacuum, laser, operation, background	317
	C.R. Wolf HS Coburg, Coburg, Germany F.B. Beck, L. Franz, V.M. Neumaier Ernes, Coburg, Germany
	This thesis deals with the manufacture of parts made by 3D printing for high vacuum application. Different components are printed and examined for their vacuum suitability. As shown furthermore, conventionally made standard components can be welded vacuum-tightly to 3D-printed parts, which enables cost-effective production of more complex components, such as a vacuum chamber. In addition, functional components can already be realized during the manufacturing process. The integration of a system of flow channels directly into the wall of a vacuum-chamber is just one example. Thus, such a vacuum-chamber can be heated during evacuation and effectively cooled in later operation.
	Slides THC04 [3.310 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-THC04
About •	paper received ※ 29 August 2019 paper accepted ※ 26 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020
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FRB02	FLNR JINR Accelerator Complex for Applied Physics Researches: State-of-Art and Future	radiation, cyclotron, heavy-ion, electron	358
	S.V. Mitrofanov, P.Yu. Apel, V. Bashevoy, V. Bekhterev, S.L. Bogomolov, J. Franko, B. Gikal, G.G. Gulbekyan, I.A. Ivanenko, I.V. Kalagin, N.Yu. Kazarinov, V. Mironov, V.A. Semin, V.A. Skuratov, A. Tikhomirov JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
	The main activities of FLNR, following its name – are related to fundamental science, but, in parallel, plenty of efforts are paid for practical applications. Certain amount of beam time every year is spent for applied science experiments on FLNR accelerator complex. The main directions are the production of the heterogeneousμ- and nano-structured materials; testing of electronic components (avionics and space electronics) for radiation hardness; ion-implantation nanotechnology and radiation materials science. Status of all these activities, its modern trends and needs will be reported. Basing on FLNR long term experience in these fields and aiming to improve the instrumentation for users, FLNR accelerator department announce the design study for a new cyclotron, DC140, which will be dedicated machine for applied researches in FLNR. Following the users requirements DC140 should accelerate the heavy ions with mass-to-charge ratio A/Z of the range from 5 to 8 up to fixed energies 2 and 4.8 MeV per unit mass. The first outlook of DC140 parameters, its features, layout of its casemate and general overview of the new FLNR facility for applied science will be presented.
	Slides FRB02 [7.680 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-FRB02
About •	paper received ※ 15 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020
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FRB03	3D Radio Frequency Simulation of the INFN-LNS Superconducting Cyclotron	cyclotron, simulation, cavity, extraction	361
	G. Torrisi, L. Allegra, L. Calabretta, A.C. Caruso, G. Costa, G. Gallo, A. Longhitano, L. Neri, D. Rifuggiato INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
	An upgrade plan of the Superconducting Cyclotron operating at INFN-LNS is ongoing. In this paper, a 3D numerical model of the Cyclotron radio frequency cavity is presented. Simulations include the coaxial sliding shorts, liner vacuum chamber, coupler, trimming capacitor and the Dees structures. CST microwave studio software has been used for numerical computation. RF simulations are mandatory also in order to analyze the field in the beam region and evaluate the impact of different Dees geometry and eventual field asymmetries. Moreover, 3D COMSOL Multiphysics simulations have been carried out in order to couple the electromagnetic field solution to a custom beam-dynamics code developed in Matlab as a future plan. Time evolution of accelerated beam and electromagnetic field make also possible to verify the magnetic field synchronization. Experimental validation of the developed model will be also presented.
	Slides FRB03 [19.931 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-FRB03
About •	paper received ※ 15 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020
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Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

MOA01

Recent Experimental Results of the Accelerator Driven System with a Sub-Critical Nuclear Reactor (ADS) Program

proton, FFAG, neutron, target

1

Y. Ishi, Y. Fuwa, Y. Kuriyama, Y. Mori, H. Okita, K. Suga, T. Uesugi
Kyoto University, Research Reactor Institute, Osaka, Japan
Y. Fuwa
JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan

A series of study on the accelerator driven system (ADS) has been carried out since 2009 at KURNS*. In these studies, Kyoto University Critical Assembly (KUCA) has been used as sub-critical system connected with the proton beam line from FFAG accelerator facility. A profile of accelerator facility and experimental results, including the first evidence of the transmutation of minor actinides at ADS, will be presented.
* stands for Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University.

Slides MOA01 [18.120 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOA01

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paper received ※ 15 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 24 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020

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MOA02

Operation Status and Upgrading of Cyclotron in Lanzhou

linac, operation, heavy-ion, injection

5

W.Q. Yang, L.J. Mao, L.T. Sun, J.W. Xia, J.C. Yang
IMP/CAS, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China

IMP operates the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lan-zhou (HIRFL), which consists of the Sector Focusing Cyclotron, the Separated Sector Cyclotron, the Cooler Storage Ring, and a number of experimental terminals. The HIRFL is mainly used in fundamental research of nuclear physics, atomic physics, irradiation material and biology, and accelerator technology. This paper mainly introduces the operation status and upgrading of HIRFL. So far, HIRFL achieves all-ion acceleration from proton to uranium. In addition, in order to improve the efficiency of HIRFL, we will build two new Linac injectors for SSC and CSR, respectively.

Slides MOA02 [14.507 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOA02

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paper received ※ 14 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 24 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020

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MOA03

Status Report on GANIL and Upgrade of SPIRAL1

cyclotron, target, ion-source, ECR

9

O. Kamalou, P. Delahaye, M. Dubois, A. Savalle
GANIL, Caen, France

The GANIL facility (Grand Accélérateur National d’Ions Lourds) at Caen is dedicated for acceleration of heavy ion beams for nuclear physics, atomic physics, and radiobiology and material irradiation. Nowadays, an intense exotic beam is produced by the Isotope Separation On-Line method at the SPIRAL1 facility since 2001. New demands from the physics community motivated the upgrade of this facility in order to extend the range of post-accelerated radioactive ions. A 2 MEuro project allowed the profound modification of the facility and the commissioning was achieved in 2017. The status of this facility and the last results will be presented. The review of the cyclotron operation from 2001 to 2019 will be presented as well.

Slides MOA03 [8.175 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOA03

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paper received ※ 10 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 24 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020

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MOP002

Recent Progress on Ion Source of SC200 Cyclotron

ion-source, cyclotron, proton, extraction

24

Y. Zhao, G. Chen
ASIPP, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
L. Calabretta
INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
O. Karamyshev
JINR/DLNP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
G.A. Karamysheva, G. Shirkov
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
S.W. Xu
USTC, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China

Funding: National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant No. 11775258 & 11575237 and International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Project of Anhui (grant No. 1704e1002207).
A 200MeV compact superconducting cyclotron, named SC200, for proton therapy is under development by collaboration of ASIPP (Hefei, China) and JINR (Dubna, Russia). The ion source is a significant subsystem of the cyclotron. A hot cathode internal ion source has been designed and tested for SC200 cyclotron. The ion source has been successfully arc discharged on the test bench. The extracted beam current has been measured over 100 uA and filament lifetime of ion source exceeded 100 h, which indicated that the ion source meets the design requirements. The stability of the filament under strong magnetic field has also been tested and the differences between the two kinds of filament are compared.

Poster MOP002 [0.519 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOP002

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paper received ※ 09 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 24 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020

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MOP016

Vertical Focussing with a Field Gradient Spiral Inflector

cyclotron, quadrupole, emittance, optics

58

A.H. Barnard, J.I. Broodryk, J.L. Conradie, J.G. De Villiers, J. Mira, F. Nemulodi, R.W. Thomae
iThemba LABS, Somerset West, South Africa

Traditional spiral inflectors suffer from vertical defocussing, leading to beam loss. In this study the electrode shape of an inflector is modified to intentionally produce transverse electric field gradients, which have a significant influence on the optics. This is done by placing the traditionally parallel electrodes at an angle relative to each other in the transverse plane, creating a quadrupole field on the central path. Varying the electrode angle along the path length creates an alternating-gradient effect. The electrode entrance and exit faces are also shaped to create quadrupoles inside the fringe field. By numerical optimisation a design with good vertical focussing is obtained. Experiments show a roughly 100% increase in transmission in cases where the buncher is turned off. However, high losses at extraction are observed with the buncher turned on, due to RF-phase spread introduced by longitudinal defocussing in the inflector. This results in an improvement of only 20% during normal cyclotron operation, and shows that an inflector should ideally focus vertically and longitudinally at the same time. Ongoing work to achieve such combined focussing is described.

Poster MOP016 [1.410 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOP016

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paper received ※ 13 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 24 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020

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MOP017

Research on Metallic Ion Beam Production With Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Sources

ECR, ion-source, plasma, cyclotron

62

S.L. Bogomolov, A.A. Efremov, K.I. Kuzmenkov, D.K. Pugachev, Yu. Yazvitsky
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
J.L. Conradie, D.T. Fourie, N.Y. Kheswa, J. Mira, F. Nemulodi, R.W. Thomae
iThemba LABS, Somerset West, South Africa

Many experiments in nuclear physics request the production of metallic ion beams. All elements from lithium up to uranium are of interest and most of them are required as a specific isotope which demands commonly enriched materials. Depending on the material properties beams of rare isotopes can be produced from solid materials or solid compounds. In this report the results of experiments carried out under a collaboration of JINR and iThemba LABS on the production of metallic ions from Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Sources (ECRIS) using resistive oven evaporation, Metal Ions from VOlatile Compounds (MIVOC) method and sputtering technique will be presented.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOP017

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paper received ※ 11 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020

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MOP019

The Results of Magnetic Field Formation and Commissioning of Heavy-Ion Isochronous Cyclotron DC280

cyclotron, operation, ECR, MMI

70

I.A. Ivanenko, G.G. Gulbekyan, G.N. Ivanov, I.V. Kalagin, V.A. Semin
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia

The DC280 cyclotron is the new accelerator of FLNR Super Heavy Elements Factory. It was commissioned in the beginning of 2019. DC280 is intended for production of high intensity, up to 10 pmkA, beams of heavy ions with mass to charge ratio A/Z= 4 - 7. The wide range of accelerated ions from helium to uranium and smooth variation of extracted beam energy in the range W= 4 - 8 MeV/n are provided by varying of level of main magnetic field from 0.64 T till 1.32 T. The DC280 magnetic field was formed in a good conformity with results of computer modeling. In spite of commissioning of cyclotron still is in progress, the first experiments gave the intensity 1.35 pmkA of 84Kr¹⁴⁺ and 10 pmkA of 12C²⁺. At the present work the results of calculations, magnetic field measurements and first experiments are presented.

Poster MOP019 [1.368 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOP019

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paper received ※ 12 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 26 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020

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MOP021

Simulation of Beam Extraction from TR24 Cyclotron at IPHC

extraction, cyclotron, emittance, betatron

76

N.Yu. Kazarinov, I.A. Ivanenko
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
T. Adam, F.R. Osswald, E.K. Traykov
IPHC, Strasbourg Cedex 2, France

The CYRCé (CYclotron pour la ReCherche et Enseignement) TR24 cyclotron is used at IPHC (Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien) for the production of radio-isotopes for diagnostics, medical treatments and fundamental research in radiobiology. The TR24 cyclotron produced and commercialized by ACSI delivers a 16-25 MeV proton beam with intensity from few nA up to 500 µA. The TR24 is a compact isochronous cyclotron with normal-conducting magnet and stripper foil for the beam extraction. The calculation model for OPERA 3D program code is described. The magnetic field map in the working region of the cyclotron is generated. The beam characteristics outside the cyclotron, that will serve as initial conditions for the design of future beam lines are determined.

Poster MOP021 [15.509 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOP021

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paper received ※ 29 August 2019 paper accepted ※ 24 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020

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MOP034

Beam Stripping Interactions Implemented in Cyclotrons with OPAL Simulation Code

cyclotron, electron, vacuum, simulation

109

P. Calvo, C. Oliver
CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain
A. Adelmann, M. Frey, A. Gsell, J. Snuverink
PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland

Beam transmission optimization and losses characterization, where beam stripping interactions are a key issue, play an important role in the design and operation of compact cyclotrons. A beam stripping model has been implemented in the three-dimensional object-oriented parallel code OPAL-cycl, a flavor of the OPAL framework. The model includes Monte Carlo methods for interaction with residual gas and dissociation by electromagnetic stripping. The model has been verified with theoretical models and it has been applied to the AMIT cyclotron according to design conditions.

Poster MOP034 [0.880 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOP034

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paper received ※ 12 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 26 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020

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TUA04

Characterization of Neutron Leakage Field Coming from 18O(p, n)18F Reaction in PET Production Cyclotron

neutron, proton, detector, cyclotron

136

M. Schulc, M. Antos, F. Brijar, M. Cuhra, T. Czakoj, M. Košťál, E. Losa, V. Rypar, J. Simon, S. Vadjak
Nuclear Research Institute Řež plc, Řež, Czech Republic
F. Cvachovec
University of Defence, Brno, Czech Republic
Z. Matej, F. Mravec
Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic

This paper shows a new method for characterization of the secondary neutron field quantities, specifically neutron spectrum leaking from 18O enriched H₂O XL cylindrical target in IBA Cyclone 18/9 in the energy range of 1-15 MeV. Spectrum is measured by stilbene scintillation detector in different places. The neutron spectra are evaluated from the measured proton recoil spectra using deconvolution through maximum likelihood estimation. A leakage neutron field is an interesting option for irradiation experiments due to quite high flux, but also to the validation of high energy threshold reactions due to relatively high average energy. Measured neutron spectra are compared with calculations in MCNP6 model using TENDL-2017, FENDL-3, and default MCNP6 model calculations. TENDL-2017 and FENDL-3 libraries results differ significantly in the shape of the neutron spectrum for energies above 10 MeV while MCNP6 gives incorrect angular distributions. Activation measurements of different neutron induced reactions support characterization. The 18F production yield is in a good agreement with TENDL-2017 proton library calculation within respective uncertainties.

Slides TUA04 [2.286 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-TUA04

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paper received ※ 05 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020

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TUP005

Three Years Operation of CYCIAE-100

neutron, proton, target, radiation

156

T. Ge, L.C. Cao, Z.H. Fu, S.G. Hou, B. Ji, H. Jiang, S.Q. Li, Y.Q. Li, Z.W. Liu, Y.L. Lv, G.F. Pan, L. Wang, L.P. Wen, Z.G. Yin, T.J. Zhang
CIAE, Beijing, People’s Republic of China

The 100 MeV high intensity proton cyclotron (CYCIAE-100) developed by China Institute of Atomic Energy is a multi-purpose variable energy AVF cyclotron. Its design specifications are: energy from 75 to 100 MeV continuously adjustable, beam intensity 200uA, beam current can be extracted in both directions. CYCIAE-100 was commissioned to extract 100 MeV proton beam for the first time in July 2014. The first physics experiment was carried out in November 2016. By June 2019, the design specifications of CYCIAE-100 was commissioned and the maximum beam power was 52 kW. The beam intensity range from 1 pA to 520 µA is achieved, and the beam stability is about 1% for 8 hours. Several typical physics experiments have been carried out. Such as: The physics experiment of CYCIAE-100 driving ISOL device to generate radioactive nuclear beam, SiC and SRAM proton irradiation experiments, calibration experiment of high-energy proton electron total dose detector probe, etc. At present, the beam time for CYCIAE-100 is about 5,000 hours, providing effective beam time for more than 3,000 hours for many users at home and abroad, and the other beam time for beam development.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-TUP005

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paper received ※ 15 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 26 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020

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TUP006

The Injection and Chopper-Based System at Arronax C70XP Cyclotron

injection, cyclotron, solenoid, simulation

159

F. Poirier, F. Bulteau-harel, T. Durand, X. Goiziou, C. Koumeir, A. Sengar, H. Trichet
Cyclotron ARRONAX, Saint-Herblain, France
G. Blain, M. Fattahi, F. Haddad, J. Vandenborre
SUBATECH, Nantes, France
S. Chiavassa, G. Delpon
ICO, Saint - Herblain, France
F. Poirier
CNRS - DR17, RENNES, France

Funding: This work has been, in part, supported by grants from the French National Agency for Research, Arronax-Plus n°ANR-11-EQPX-0004, IRON n°ANR-11-LABX-18-01 and Next n°ANR-16-IDEX-0007.
The multi-particle cyclotron of the Arronax Public Interest Group (GIP) is used to perform irradiation up to hundreds of µA on various experiments and targets. To support low and high average intensity usage and adapt the beam time structure required for high peak intensity operation and experiments such as pulsed experiments studies, it has been devised a pulsing system in the injection of the cyclotron. This system combines the use of a chopper, low frequency switch, and a control system based on the new extended EPICS network. This paper details the pulsing system adopted at Arronax, updates and results for various intensity experimental studies performed with alpha and proton beams. Updated work on the simulation of the injection is also shown, specifically towards high intensity future irradiation.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-TUP006

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paper received ※ 15 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020

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TUP012

Upgrade of the iThemba LABS Neutron Beam Vault to a Metrology Facility

neutron, target, proton, radiation

181

N.B. Ndlovu, P.P. Maleka, F.D. Smit
iThemba LABS, Somerset West, South Africa
A. Boso
NPL, Middlesex, United Kingdom
A. Buffler, D. Geduld, T. Hutton, T. Leadbeater
UCT Physics, Cape Town, South Africa
V. Lacoste
IRSN, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France

Quasi-monoenergetic neutron beams are typically produced at the iThemba LABS fast neutron beam facility by the 7Li(p, xn) or 9Be(p, xn) reactions. With the proton beams available from the separated sector cyclotron, the neutron energy range from about 30 MeV to 200 MeV can be covered almost continuously. The facility first became operational in the late 1980s. The fast neutron beam facility at iThemba LABS has been designated by the National Metrology Institute of South Africa (NMISA) as an entity responsible for providing traceability for the medium and high-energy neutron measurements in South Africa. As a result, the facility is undergoing a major upgrade and development in order for it to meet the requirements for a medium and high-energy neutron metrology facility. As part of the ongoing upgrade, Monte Carlo (MC) simulations aimed at benchmarking the experimental data are ongoing.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-TUP012

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paper received ※ 14 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020

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TUP016

New Centering Beam Monitor for High Power Proton Beam Rotating Target

target, proton, operation, cyclotron

189

P.-A. Duperrex, P. Baumann, S. Joray, D.C. Kiselev, D. Laube, D. Reggiani
PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland

The high intensity proton accelerator (HIPA) at the Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI) delivers 590 MeV c.w. proton beam with currents of up to 2.4 mA, i.e. 1.4 MW beam power, For experiments of nuclear and material research the beam is directed to the 4 or 6 cm graphite 1 Hz rotating target (Target E). Centring the beam on the target is an important task for the operation and has safety issues in case of beam misalignment. Transmission monitoring has been the standard method to optimize the beam position on the target, though not very sensitive. A new method is currently being tested that provides a more sensitive off-axis detection. It is based on the detection of beam inten-sity modulation from the milled grooves at the target edge. This paper presents the concept and preliminary experimental results that can be obtained with this method.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-TUP016

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paper received ※ 15 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 26 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020

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TUP019

Recent Extensions of JULIC for HBS Investigations

neutron, cyclotron, target, proton

195

O. Felden, N. Demary, N.-O. Fröhlich, R. Gebel, Y. Valdau
FZJ, Jülich, Germany
M. Rimmler
JCNS, Jülich, Germany

At the Forschungszentrum Jülich (FZJ) the energy variable cyclotron JULIC is used as injector of the Cooler Synchrotron (COSY) and for low to medium current irradiations of different types. Recently a new target station was set up and is mainly used for tests of new target materials, neutron target development and neutron yield investigations with high power proton or deuteron beam in perspective of a high brilliance accelerator based neutron source (HBS) with the Jülich Center for Neutron Science. The neutrons are produced exposing material targets or compounds to proton or deuterium particles of relative low final particle energy in the MeV range and will be optimized for neutron scattering to be realized at reasonable costs. Beside this, ToF-experiments are performed to investigate and optimize the pulsing structure for HBS. The target station is installed inside an experimental area offering space for complex detector and component setups for nuclear and neutron related experiments. But it is used for other purposes like electronic or detector tests and irradiation as well. This report briefly summarizes the history of JULIC and the activities for its future perspectives.

Poster TUP019 [1.562 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-TUP019

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paper received ※ 15 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020

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TUP020

Beam Properties at the Experimental Target Station of the Proton Therapy in Berlin

proton, radiation, scattering, HOM

199

J. Bundesmann, A. Denker, J. Holz auf der Heide
HZB, Berlin, Germany

Beside the Therapy station for ocular tumors we have an experimental area to deliver protons and other ions. At this place there is also the possibility to do High Energy Pixe measurements on samples from cultural heritage. The positioning of the samples under test is possible by means of an xy-table with an range of 500x500 mm² and a load of at least 50 kg, reproducibility ±0.1 mm. We can change the beam size between 1 mm diameter as focused beam and up to 50 mm diameter with different scattering foils and homogeneous dose spread. We can deliver beam intensities from single protons up to 10¹² protons/cm² * sec The energy can be set to 68 MeV with a single Bragg peak, spread out Bragg peaks with a mechanical range shifter or absorber plates to reduce the energy. The timing properties range from quasi DC to a single pulse width of 1 ns with a repetition rate up to 2.4 MHz. Instead of a scattering foil to increase the beam spots we also can use beam scanning with the focused beam to reduce the beam losses. We will show the different beam properties at the experimental target area for radiation hardness testing of solar cells, optical elements and electronics under test.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-TUP020

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paper received ※ 14 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020

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TUP021

Towards FLASH Proton Irradiation at HZB

radiation, proton, target, cyclotron

202

G. Kourkafas, J. Bundesmann, A. Denker, T. Fanselow, J. Röhrich
HZB, Berlin, Germany
V.H. Ehrhardt, J. Gollrad, J. Heufelder, A. Weber
Charite, Berlin, Germany

The HZB cyclotron has been providing protons for eye-tumor treatment for more than 20 years. While it has been very successful using conventional dose rates (15-20 Gy/min), recent studies indicate that rapid irradiation with very high dose rates (FLASH) might be equally efficient against tumors but less harmful to healthy tissues. The flexible operation schemes of the HZB cyclotron can provide beams with variable intensities and time structures, covering a wide unexplored regime within the FLASH requirements (>40 Gy/s in <500 ms). This paper presents the results of the first FLASH beam production at HZB towards the establishment of an in-vivo clinical irradiation in the future.

Poster TUP021 [1.031 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-TUP021

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paper received ※ 12 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020

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TUP034

Study of MERIT Ring for Intense Secondary Particle Production

target, acceleration, proton, betatron

237

H. Okita, Y. Ishi, Y. Kuriyama, Y. Mori, T. Uesugi
Kyoto University, Research Reactor Institute, Osaka, Japan

Funding: This work is partially supported by ImPACT Program of Council for Science, Technology and Innovation (Cabinet Office, Government of Japan).
An intense negative muon source MERIT (Multiplex Energy Recovery Internal Target) for the nuclear transformation to mitigate the long-lived fission products from nuclear plants have been proposed. For the purpose of proof-of principle of the MERIT scheme, a FFA (Fixed Field Alternating focusing) ring has been developed and beam experiments have been carried out. In this conference, the results of this study will be reported.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-TUP034

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paper received ※ 15 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020

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TUC02

Status of the HZB Cyclotron

radiation, proton, cyclotron, controls

253

A. Denker, J. Bundesmann, T. Damerow, T. Fanselow, D. Hildebrand, U. Hiller, I. Kailouh, G. Kourkafas, S. Ozierenski, C. Rethfeldt, J. Röhrich, S. Seidel, C. Zimmer
HZB, Berlin, Germany
D. Cordini, J. Heufelder, R. Stark, A. Weber
Charite, Berlin, Germany

For more than 20 years eye tumours are treated in collaboration with the Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin. The close co-operation between Charité and HZB permits joint interdisciplinary research. Irradiations with either a sharp, well focused or a broad beam, either in vacuum or in air are possible. In addition, a 60Co-source for gamma-irradiations is available. Experiments now comprise dosimetry, detector comparisons, ambulant mouse irradiations, including class I gene-modified mice. Furthermore, radiation hardness tests on detectors, CCD-cameras and other electronics are performed. In order to improve the beam diagnosis between the 2 MV injector Tandetron and the cyclotron a harp has been installed, leading to new beam line calculations for the injection line. The accelerator operation for therapy as well as on-going experiments and results will be presented.

Slides TUC02 [1.965 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-TUC02

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paper received ※ 14 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020

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TUC03

AGOR Status Report

radiation, cyclotron, operation, controls

256

B.N. Jones, S. Brandenburg, M.-J. van Goethem
KVI-CART, Groningen, The Netherlands

Funding: Work supported by EU Horizon 2020 (contract nrs. 654002; 730983) and the Dutch Cancer Foundation KWF project 11766)
TThe operations of the superconducting cyclotron AG-OR over the past years will be reviewed. Reliability issues encountered after nearly 25 years of operation and mitigation measures to warrant reliable operation for the coming decade will be discussed. The research performed with AGOR has significantly shifted from fundamental physics to radiation biology and medical radiation physics, both in collaboration with the Groningen Proton Therapy Center, and radiation hardness studies. The radiation biology research will be substantially expanded in the coming years with a new beam line for image guided preclinical research. For this research new dose delivery modalities including scanning, spatial fractionation and very high dose rates are developed. In addition a new program has been started on the production of exotic nuclei, for which a new superconducting solenoid fragment separator will be developed. For the radiation hardness testing a cocktail beam at 30 MeV/amu with several ion species up to Xe has been developed and is now routinely delivered for experiments. A cocktail at 15 MeV/amu up to Bi is under development.

Slides TUC03 [4.632 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-TUC03

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paper received ※ 14 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 26 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020

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THB01

Review of High Power Cyclotrons and Their Applications

cyclotron, cavity, proton, acceleration

289

L. Calabretta, D. Rifuggiato
INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
M. Maggiore
INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy

An incomplete review of existing machines and of present new projects of high power cyclotrons is here presented. Both high energy and low/medium energy cyclotrons will be described. Specific requests for different fields of applications are also discussed.

Slides THB01 [11.837 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-THB01

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paper received ※ 15 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020

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THC01

SHE Factory: Cyclotron Facility for Super Heavy Elements Research

cyclotron, factory, ECR, acceleration

305

I.V. Kalagin, S.L. Bogomolov, S.N. Dmitriev, B. Gikal, G.G. Gulbekyan, I.A. Ivanenko, G.N. Ivanov, N.Yu. Kazarinov, M.V. Khabarov, Y.T. Oganessian, N.F. Osipov, S.V. Pashchenko, V.A. Semin
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
V.K. Utyonkov, A.V. Yeremin
JINR/FLNR, Moscow region, Russia

The synthesis of heavy and the heaviest elements and the study of their nuclear and chemical properties are of highest priority in the basic research programme of the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions. The synthesis of super heavy elements (SHE) with atomic numbers 113-118 has been achieved in the 48Ca-induced reactions. The International Unions of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) and Chemistry (IUPAC) recognized the priority of Dubna in the discovery of elements 114-118. The seventh period of the Periodic Table has been completed. In accordance with the development program, the first in the world SHE Factory was built at the Laboratory on the basis of the new DC280 cyclotron which was commissioned in 2019. DC-280 has to provide intensities up to 10 pmkA for ions with atomic masses over 50. The main task of the Factory is the synthesis of new chemical elements with atomic numbers 119 and higher, as well as a detailed study of the nuclear and chemical properties of previously discovered superheavy elements. The Factory are being equipped with target materials, new separators and detectors for the study of the nuclear, atomic and chemical properties of the new elements.

Slides THC01 [15.662 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-THC01

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paper received ※ 11 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020

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THC04

3D Printing for High Vacuum Applications

vacuum, laser, operation, background

317

C.R. Wolf
HS Coburg, Coburg, Germany
F.B. Beck, L. Franz, V.M. Neumaier
Ernes, Coburg, Germany

This thesis deals with the manufacture of parts made by 3D printing for high vacuum application. Different components are printed and examined for their vacuum suitability. As shown furthermore, conventionally made standard components can be welded vacuum-tightly to 3D-printed parts, which enables cost-effective production of more complex components, such as a vacuum chamber. In addition, functional components can already be realized during the manufacturing process. The integration of a system of flow channels directly into the wall of a vacuum-chamber is just one example. Thus, such a vacuum-chamber can be heated during evacuation and effectively cooled in later operation.

Slides THC04 [3.310 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-THC04

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paper received ※ 29 August 2019 paper accepted ※ 26 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020

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FRB02

FLNR JINR Accelerator Complex for Applied Physics Researches: State-of-Art and Future

radiation, cyclotron, heavy-ion, electron

358

S.V. Mitrofanov, P.Yu. Apel, V. Bashevoy, V. Bekhterev, S.L. Bogomolov, J. Franko, B. Gikal, G.G. Gulbekyan, I.A. Ivanenko, I.V. Kalagin, N.Yu. Kazarinov, V. Mironov, V.A. Semin, V.A. Skuratov, A. Tikhomirov
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia

The main activities of FLNR, following its name – are related to fundamental science, but, in parallel, plenty of efforts are paid for practical applications. Certain amount of beam time every year is spent for applied science experiments on FLNR accelerator complex. The main directions are the production of the heterogeneousμ- and nano-structured materials; testing of electronic components (avionics and space electronics) for radiation hardness; ion-implantation nanotechnology and radiation materials science. Status of all these activities, its modern trends and needs will be reported. Basing on FLNR long term experience in these fields and aiming to improve the instrumentation for users, FLNR accelerator department announce the design study for a new cyclotron, DC140, which will be dedicated machine for applied researches in FLNR. Following the users requirements DC140 should accelerate the heavy ions with mass-to-charge ratio A/Z of the range from 5 to 8 up to fixed energies 2 and 4.8 MeV per unit mass. The first outlook of DC140 parameters, its features, layout of its casemate and general overview of the new FLNR facility for applied science will be presented.

Slides FRB02 [7.680 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-FRB02

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paper received ※ 15 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020

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FRB03

3D Radio Frequency Simulation of the INFN-LNS Superconducting Cyclotron

cyclotron, simulation, cavity, extraction

361

G. Torrisi, L. Allegra, L. Calabretta, A.C. Caruso, G. Costa, G. Gallo, A. Longhitano, L. Neri, D. Rifuggiato
INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy

An upgrade plan of the Superconducting Cyclotron operating at INFN-LNS is ongoing. In this paper, a 3D numerical model of the Cyclotron radio frequency cavity is presented. Simulations include the coaxial sliding shorts, liner vacuum chamber, coupler, trimming capacitor and the Dees structures. CST microwave studio software has been used for numerical computation. RF simulations are mandatory also in order to analyze the field in the beam region and evaluate the impact of different Dees geometry and eventual field asymmetries. Moreover, 3D COMSOL Multiphysics simulations have been carried out in order to couple the electromagnetic field solution to a custom beam-dynamics code developed in Matlab as a future plan. Time evolution of accelerated beam and electromagnetic field make also possible to verify the magnetic field synchronization. Experimental validation of the developed model will be also presented.

Slides FRB03 [19.931 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-FRB03

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paper received ※ 15 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020

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